SPECIAL JOINT CITY COUNCIL/OPEN SPACE,
ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION, AND
SUSTAINABILITY COMMISSION MEETING
AGENDA
City Hall - Council Chambers
4381 Broadway St., Suite 201, American Canyon
June 17, 2025
6:30 PM
1. 2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
Recommendation: Adopt a Resolu#on of the City Council of the City of American Canyon approving the 2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan.
2. Work Plan Fiscal Year 2025/26
Recommendation: Adopt a Minute Order approving the Open Space, Ac#ve Transporta#on, and Sustainability Commission Work Plan for Fiscal Year 2025/26.
Mayor: Pierre Washington
Vice Mayor: Mark Joseph
Councilmembers: Brando Cruz, Melissa Lamattina, David Oro Chair: Nance Matson
Vice Chair: Tara McClinton Horner
Commissioners: Debbie Chavarria, Barry Christian, Sean Hughes 6:30 P.M. OPEN SESSION - SPECIAL JOINT MEETING
CALL TO ORDER
ROLL CALL
PUBLIC COMMENTS - ITEMS NOT ON THE AGENDA
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BUSINESS
ADJOURNMENT
CERTIFICATION
I, Taresa Geilfuss, City Clerk for American Canyon, do hereby declare that the foregoing agenda of the City Council was posted in compliance with the Brown Act prior to the meeting date. ______________________________________
Taresa Geilfuss, CMC, City Clerk
SPECIAL JOINT CITY COUNCIL/OPEN SPACE, ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION, AND SUSTAINABILITY COMMISSION MEETING AGENDA JUNE 17, 2025 1 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
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SPECIAL JOINT CITY COUNCIL/OPEN SPACE, ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION, AND SUSTAINABILITY COMMISSION MEETING AGENDA JUNE 17, 2025 2 SPECIAL JOINT CITY COUNCIL/OPEN SPACE,
ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION, AND SUSTAINABILITY
COMMISSION AGENDA
JUNE 17, 2025
STAFF REPORT
BUSINESS
ITEM NUMBER: 1.
TITLE
2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
RECOMMENDATION
Adopt a Resolu+on of the City Council of the City of American Canyon approving the 2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan.
CONTACT
Alexandra Ikeda, Parks and Recreation Director
BACKGROUND & ANALYSIS
In December 1999, Jack and Bernice Newell donated a 640-acre property to the City of American Canyon. The dona+on was intended to permanently preserve the land as open space for the benefit of the American Canyon community and the broader region, while also protec+ng valuable agricultural and natural resources. The Land Trust of Napa County (Land Trust) holds the Deed of Conservation Easement over the property, now known as the Newell Open Space Preserve.
The first Newell Open Space Management Plan (2001 Plan) (A=achment 1) was adopted by the City Council on November 15, 2001. At that +me, the property did not have public access, and the plan was developed primarily as a visionary document intended to shape the property's future use for public recreation and open space preservation.
In 2015, the City of American Canyon, with the help of many community members, successfully obtained public access to the Newell Open Space Preserve. However, the original 2001 Plan was not updated to reflect this significant milestone or to provide clear, ac+onable guidance for managing public use and maintaining the property in alignment with long-term conservation goals.
On December 20, 2022, the Council formed the Open Space, Ac+ve Transporta+on, and Sustainability (OSATS) Commission. Since 2023, upda+ng the Newell Open Space Management Plan has been a key task in the Commission's annual Work Plan. As part of this effort, City staff and the City Manager met with the Land Trust to:
3 Deepen understanding of the City's relationship with the Land Trust; Clarify the relationship between the Management Plan and the Conservation Easement; Evaluate current uses of the property compared to the original vision outlined in the 2001 Plan;
Understand the Land Trust's expectations for property management and operations; and Confirm and communicate to the public the intended purpose and conserva+on value of the property.
In early 2023, the City also finalized a long-term Grazing License Agreement with the Azevedo family, who have been grazing ca=le on the upper por+on of the property for more than 50 years.
Ca=le grazing serves as a natural form of vegeta+on management, promotes ecological diversity, and supports the conserva+on values of the property. While the Grazing License itself is not included within the scope of the Management Plan update, its formaliza+on represents an important management milestone, as no prior agreement with the Azevedo Livestock Company existed before 2023.
On September 6, 2023, the OSATS Commission acknowledged that the 2001 Plan was a valuable document. However, the Commission also recognized that it lacked cri+cal guidance for opera+ng and maintaining an agricultural open space property that includes ac+ve, year-round ca=le grazing alongside public access for passive recrea+onal use. Addi+onally, the 2001 Plan included several visionary concepts, such as an ac+vated and restored barn, an overnight camping facility, a 50-car parking lot within the property with a bridge, u+li+es, and a carriage house. These elements, while aspira+onal at the +me, did not align with the Conserva+on Easement's restric+ons or the intended purpose of the property as protected open space. To date, only a small por+on of the original plan, primarily the established public access, has been implemented. The more intensive construc+on and enterprise-oriented features proposed in the 2001 Plan are incompa+ble with the long-term conservation goals and allowable uses defined in the Conservation Easement.
At the October 4, 2023, OSATS Commission mee+ng, the Commission memorialized the public access efforts that were achieved from 2015 to present day. This "baseline" document outlined the City's and the Land Trust's efforts in solidifying public access over the years within Newell Open Space Preserve and is consistent with the Conserva+on Easement. At the February 7th, 2024 OSATS Commission mee+ng, the Commission reviewed and provided input on the draH Newell Open Space Standard Opera+ng and Maintenance Procedures. Together, the baseline document and the Opera+ng and Maintenance Procedures served as founda+onal resources for developing the 2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan.
On July 15, 2024, the City formally requested approval from the Land Trust to permit the recrea+onal use of Class 1 electric bicycles (e-bikes) in Newell Open Space Preserve. On August 1, 2024, the Land Trust responded, confirming that recrea+onal biking on the property is"conditionally consistent with the intent and terms of the Conservaon Easement." They noted no significant difference between tradi+onal pedal mountain bikes and Class 1 e-bikes. To comply with paragraph 4 4.7 of the Conserva+on Easement, the City commi=ed to implemen+ng management, maintenance, and opera+onal standards to support this use. This included upda+ng bicycle rules, establishing trail maintenance practices, and reinforcing passive recreational guidelines across the property.
Subsequently, on October 2, 2024, the OSATS Commission reviewed and provided comments on the draH Newell Open Space Trail Standards, which formally defined the property's trail system as Class 2 Mul+-Use, accommoda+ng cyclists, equestrians, and pedestrians. The Trail Standards incorporated the updated bicyclist rules to accommodate the newly approved use of e-bikes within the property.
At the same mee+ng, the Commission also reviewed and commented on the first draH of the 2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan (A=achment 2). Both the Trail Standards and the first draH were shared with the Land Trust in advance; their feedback and comments were part of the Commission's review.
Based on the Land Trust's recommenda+on to update the biological survey for mammals, amphibians, and birds, due to the surrounding development and the age of the previous survey, which was completed over 20 years ago, City staff engaged WRA Environmental Consultants. WRA, the same firm currently draHing the Jaeger Property Management Plan, was contracted to complete the updated biological survey and assist in draHing the 2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan.
The survey was completed in January 2025 and has been incorporated into the updated management plan. The OSATS Commission has reviewed and commented on the final draH of the 2025 Management Plan two addi+onal +mes: March 5 and May 7th, 2025. The Land Trust also reviewed the final draft before coming to Council for adoption.
The development of the 2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan reflects a comprehensive, mul+-year, collabora+ve effort between City staff, the Commission, the Land Trust, environmental consultants, and the broader community. The updated plan provides clear, ac+onable guidance for managing public access, preserving natural resources, and maintaining agricultural opera+ons, while ensuring ongoing alignment with the Conserva+on Easement. It is intended to serve as a living document that will guide staff in the responsible management and opera+on of the property and help educate the community on the property's purpose, use, and long-term stewardship. With the Commission's review completed and the Land Trust's feedback incorporated, the 2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan is now ready for the Council's consideration and adoption.
COUNCIL PRIORITY PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS
Organizational Effectiveness: "Deliver exemplary government services."
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
None
ATTACHMENTS:
Resolution
1. 2001 Newell Management Plan
5 2. 2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
3. Appendix A: Newell Conservation Easement
6 RESOLUTION NO. 2025 -
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF AMERICAN CANYON APPROVING THE 2025 NEWELL OPEN SPACE MANAGEMENT PLAN.
WHEREAS, American Canyon has consistently supported the preservation and enhancement of open space as an integral part of its Mission, Vision, and Values; and WHEREAS, in 1999, Jack and Bernice Newell donated a 640-acre property to the City of American Canyon, intended to permanently preserve the land as open space for the benefit of the American Canyon community and the broader region, while also protecting the valuable agricultural and natural resources, now known as Newell Open Space Preserve; and WHEREAS, the Land Trust of Napa County holds the Deed of Conservation Easement over the property; and
WHEREAS, on November 15, 2001, the City Council adopted the first Newell Open Management Plan to help guide the future of the property, including exploring opportunities for public recreational use and access; and
WHEREAS, in 2015, with the help of many community members, obtained public access to Newell Open Space Preserve; and
WHEREAS, in 2022, the Council formalized the Open Space Advisory Committee into the Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability (OSATS) Commission; and WHEREAS, since 2023, the OSATS Commission, as part of its annual Work Plan, has been working to update the Newell Open Space Management Plan to reflect modern-day recreational uses and ensure compatibility and alignment with the Conservation Easement, and have formal documentation of how the City will maintain and manage the property while supporting long-term preservation goals; and WHEREAS, the City recognizes the importance of protecting and restoring sensitive habitats, supporting biodiversity, and enhancing the ecological health of Newell Open Space Preserve; and WHEREAS, the City is committed to being responsible stewards of its natural resources by implementing sustainable land management practices that balance conservation with appropriate public access and passive recreation; and
WHEREAS, the City values the opportunity to connect people with nature, promote environmental education, and provide outdoor experiences that foster appreciation and care for the natural environment; and
WHEREAS, the 2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan has been prepared as a living document intended to guide the long-term maintenance, enhancement, and public enjoyment of the Newell Open Space Preserve, while adapting to changing needs and priorities over time; and NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of American Canyon hereby approves and adopts the 2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan as a living document and memorializes its role as the guiding framework for stewardship and sustainable management of the Newell Open Space Preserve.
7 PASSED, APPROVED, and ADOPTED at a regularly scheduled meeting of the City Council of the City of American Canyon held on the 17th day of June 2025, by the following vote:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSTAIN:
ABSENT:
________________________________
Pierre Washington, Mayor
ATTEST:
_____________________________ ________________________________ Taresa Geilfuss, City Clerk William D. Ross, City Attorney 8 9
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2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
1 2025 NEWELL OPEN SPACE PRESERVE
Management Plan
136
2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
2 CONTENTS
1.0 Newell Open Space Preserve
1.1 Property Map
1.2 Type of Property
2.0 Overarching Management Plan
2.1 Purpose of the Plan
2.2 Land Ownership and Use
2.2.1 City of American Canyon
2.2.2 Land Trust of Napa County Deed of Conservation Easement
2.2.3 PG&E Electrical Easement
2.2.4 Red-Legged Frog Mitigation Area
2.2.5 Land Use Designations and Jurisdictions
3.0 Vegetation and Wildlife
3.1 Non-Native Grassland (California Annual Grassland Series)
3.2 Central Coast Riparian Forest (Coast Live Oak Series)
3.3 Coast Live Oak Forest (Coast Live Oak Series)
3.4 Coastal Prairie (Idaho Fescue Series)
3.5 Serpentine Bunchgrass (Purple Needlegrass Series)
3.6 Wetlands (Spikerush Series)
3.7 Species Observation
4.0 Cultural Resources
5.0 Geology, Soils and Hydrology
5.1 Petrology
5.2 Site Geological Structure
5.3 Soils
5.4 Hydrology
6.0 Operations
6.1 Operational Hours
6.2 Recreational Use
6.3 General Park Rules
6.4 Trailhead and Parking
6.5 Trail System
7.0 Maintenance
7.1 Trail Standards
7.1.1 Trail Layout and Tread
7.1.2 Rolling Dip Inspections
7.2 Evaluation
7.2.1 Trail Inventory
7.2.2 Seasonal Inspections
7.2.3 Prioritizing Maintenance
7.3 Routine Maintenance
7.3.1 Trail Maintenance Window
7.3.2 Grading and Maintenance Window
7.4 Weather-Related Closures
7.4.1 Wet Weather
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2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
3 7.4.2 Red Flag Warning
7.4.3 Air Quality
7.5 Grazing
7.5.1 Benefits of Grazing Animals
7.5.2 What To Do Around Cattle
7.6 Weed Management & Invasive Species
7.6.1 Thistle
7.6.2 Brush
7.7 Wildfire Prevention
7.7.1 Conservation Grazing
7.7.2 Mowing
7.7.3 Partnerships
8.0 Conservation Monitoring
9.0 Restoration
10.0 Conclusion
Appendices
A. Land Trust of Napa County Deed of Conservation Easement B. Vascular plants occurring at Newell Canyon Open Space C. Wildlife species observed in and around Newell Canyon Open Space 138
2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
4 1.0 Newell Open Space Preserve
In December 1999, Jack and Bernice Newell donated 640 acres to the City of American Canyon (the City), dedicated as public open space for the American Canyon community and region to enjoy forever, and to protect valuable agricultural and natural resources. Newell Open Space Preserve (Preserve) shares a border with Lynch Canyon Open Space, where the Azevedo Livestock Company and Ranch graze both properties. The Land Trust of Napa County (Land Trust) holds a Conservation Easement, also donated in 1999 by the Newells to the Land Trust. In 2015, the American Canyon community obtained public access for passive recreational use under the Conservation Easement.
1.1 Property Map
Figure 1
1.2 Type of Property
The Preserve is a scenic agricultural property where open and year-round cattle grazing occurs under a license with the neighboring Azevedo and Lynch Canyon properties. Open to the public for passive recreational use, the Preserve is carefully maintained in its natural state to protect its diverse habitats, wildlife, ecosystems, and biodiversity. Special care is taken to minimize environmental impacts on sensitive resources, including riparian habitats and native plant and animal species, some of which are special-status. This unique and cherished landscape offers the community a serene space to connect with nature and experience the beauty of a natural environment. 139
2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
5 2.0 Overarching Management Plan
In November 2001, the City, in partnership with the Land Trust, adopted the original Newell Open Space Management Plan. The 2001 Plan served as a valuable and instrumental tool at the time; however, it was created before public access to the property was permitted, which was later achieved in 2015. The 2025 Plan will guide the City to continue supporting the active and passive management of the property, ensuring it aligns with the Conservation Easement, which is designed to preserve the overall functions and values of the property. The 2025 Plan supersedes the 2001 Plan.
2.1 Purpose of the Plan
The purpose of this long-term management plan is to ensure the City of American Canyon manages, monitors, and maintains the property in perpetuity in a manner consistent with the terms and conditions of the Conservation Easement. The Plan serves to conserve natural resources, balance land use between recreational opportunities and conservation goals, and ensure sustainable public access that does not negatively impact the environment. It includes maintenance and management practices, protects cultural and historical resources, and guides the long-term stewardship of the property to maintain its value and accessibility for future generations.
2.2 Land Ownership and Use
2.2.1 The City of American Canyon
The City of American Canyon owns, operates, and manages the Property for agricultural and public recreation use, adhering to the guidelines and conservation values of the Deed of Conservation Easement held by the Land Trust.
2.2.2 Land Trust of Napa County Deed of Conservation Easement The City of American Canyon holds the Fee Title to the property, while the Conservation Easement is held by the Land Trust (Appendix A) over the entire property. The Easement grants the Land Trust the right to enter and monitor the property to ensure compliance with the protection of the conservation values. The values include natural, scenic, open space, historical, agricultural, educational, and recreational aspects that are of great importance to the city, the people of Napa County, and the people of the State of California. The Land Trust may restrict and prohibit the use of the property at any time if such use conflicts with the Conservation Easement.
2.2.3 PG&E Electrical Easement
PG&E has a major electrical transmission line and easement that bisects the site, highlighted in blue, as well as a 25-foot-wide road easement on the property, highlighted in yellow. A portion of the road easements serve as the main trail of the property. See figure 2 for PG&E Electrical Easement details. 140
2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
6 2.2.4 California Red-Legged Frog Mitigation Area
When the property was deeded to the City, Jack and Bernice Newell designated a portion of the land as habitat mitigation area for the federal listed (endangered) California red-legged frog (CRLF; Rana draytonii). Two nearby proposed residential development projects, Creekside Homes by Young California Homes L.P. and Village Green Homes by Hoffman Land Development Company, were set to impact the existing CRLF habitat. The developers proposed constructing mitigation habitat on the Newell property through an arrangement with Jack and Bernice Newell.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), responsible for protecting the frog, determined the extent of the potential impact and necessary mitigation area and conditions, as part of the overall permit for work in federal wetland areas issued by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). On September 15, 2000, USFWS informed the development companies that 1.96 and 2.22 acres of respective habitat mitigation areas, or
4.14 acres total, would be required on the Newell property to mitigate for the impact to CRLF habitat on the development sites.
At a meeting on November 16, 2000, with representatives from the City, the Land Trust, and USFWS, the developers presented preliminary plans for creating shallow seasonal wetland ponds in the frog mitigation area along the existing creek. While the initial plan did not fully meet the direct habitat area requirements set by USFWS, it appeared feasible. A more significant issue was the USFWS requirements for a buffer zone – a 600-foot-wide by 3,000-foot-long area centered on the mitigation site. USFWS required this buffer zone to be fenced, within which land use or disturbance was prohibited. Due to the buffer Figure 2
141
2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
7 zone requirement and the proposed mitigation plans being less than the original required acreage, both developers paid mitigation fees in addition to the on-site mitigation to meet the CRLF requirements set forth by USFWS.
The Village Green subdivision constructed nine seasonal wetland ponds under USACE permit File Number 25055N. Five were constructed along the creek east of the barn, and 4 were constructed up on the ridge near the property boundary with Lynch Canyon. In October 2007, the five-year monitoring report showed there were 1.74 acres created, more than the required 1.11 acres originally required with the permit. The mitigation area is outlined in figure 3.
The Creekside subdivision created five seasonal wetland ponds in the panhandle portion of the property under USACE permit File Number 21819N. These ponds did not meet the buffer zone requirement for USFWS and were constructed for Wetland-loss mitigation only. The development paid into a mitigation fund for the loss of CRLF habitat. In August 2006, the five-year monitoring report showed there were 0.86 acres created, less than the 0.98 acres originally required with the permit. The report indicated that remedial actions be completed to meet the regulatory requirements, however, there is no record of this being completed. The mitigation area is outlined in figure 4.
Figure 3
142
2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
8 In July 2012, the City had a Biological Resource assessment for the CRLF as part of a study for allowing public access to the property. The biologist did not observe any presence of the species on the property but noted that Newell Creek may be used by wandering CRLF individuals. They also indicated that most of the created wetlands likely do not meet the criteria to be considered jurisdictional wetlands and do not meet the buffer zone requirements for CRLF mitigation. During a review of the site by WRA, Inc. (WRA) in January 2025, the five created seasonal wetlands were assessed as unlikely to provide aquatic habitat (including non-breeding aquatic habitat) for CRLF under typical circumstances; see additional comments below.
The conservation easement section 4.12 allowed Jack and Bernice Newell to retain mitigation rights only for these two developments if the work was completed before January 1st, 2005. The mitigation areas were described in Exhibit B of the Conservation Easement, and this area could be expanded with Land Trust approval. The land currently is recognized as a Wetlands Mitigation area and will need to remain as converted Wetlands.
2.25 Land Use Designations and Jurisdictions
The property is designated as “Agricultural, Watershed, and Open Space” in the Land Use Element of the Napa County General Plan and falls within the City of American Canyon’s Sphere of Influence, as indicated in the City’s General Plan Land Use Map. It is also within the urban limit line and designated as Agriculture. Although the property is outside the city limits, the City owns it and may use and improve the Figure 4
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2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
9 property, subject to the conditions of the Conservation Easement, without having to obtain permits or approval from Napa County.
The Azevedo family, early settlers to the region, have been cattle grazing on the property and the adjacent Lynch Canyon Open Space in Solano County for the last 50 years. They currently hold a Grazing License with the City and pay an annual grazing fee to graze the upper portion of the property. The terms and conditions of the Azevedo’s Grazing License are not part of this document.
3.0 Vegetation and Wildlife
The Preserve is a haven for a diverse range of flora and fauna, thanks to its unique geographical location between the Coast Range and Central Valley. This positioning creates a blended mosaic of interior and coastal vegetation, enhancing the Preserve’s ecological richness. The landscape is primarily non-native annual grasslands, a result of historical wheat farming and long-term cattle grazing, interspersed with pockets of mixed hardwood forests, comprised mainly of Coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia), California bay laurel (Umbellularia californica), madrone (Arbutus menziesii), and two planted eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) groves.
Water, a crucial element for wildlife, is abundant in the Preserve. Creeks, springs, and seeps provide vital hydration, breeding grounds, and habitat for various species. Water flows through the creeks for much of the year, while hillside springs and seeps often feature saturated soils and standing water, further supporting the Preserve’s diverse ecosystem.
Botanical surveys conducted in 1988 for the proposed American Canyon Landfill Replacement Plan identified six distinct plant communities on the property. Further surveys in the spring 2001 reiterated these community descriptions and updated the inventory of plant species across the entire area. A comprehensive list of vascular plant species observed during 1988, 2001and updated by WRA in 2025 is available in Appendix B. WRA performed a field review of the Preserve on January 17, 2025. This review focused on the potential for special-status wildlife to occur within the site, including in the context of recent residential development nearby. 1 A list of common, potential and observed wildlife species can be found in Appendix C. A detailed description of observed bird nesting sites, along with an updated list of observed bird species, is available through the Audubon Society.
3.1 Non-Native Grassland
The site’s soil's physical characteristics and local weather patterns have created a landscape predominantly covered by grassland, which accounts for over 80% of the Preserve. These areas are dominated by non-native, annual grasses that are abundant in the region. Historically, this was likely a native grassland community dominated by species such as purple needlegrass (Stipa pulchra), California oat grass (Danthonia californica), creeping rye (Elymus triticoides), and blueeyed grass (Sisyrinchium bellum). The clay soil (Fagan Clay Loam), known for its slow area permeability and high plasticity, hinders the growth of trees and shrubs. This soil type remains saturated from fall through mid-spring, only to crack during the summer drought, making it difficult for most woody species to establish roots.
Before Spanish colonization in the 1830s, the area may have supported scattered trees and small groves along seasonal drainages. Native American grinding stones on the adjoining Lynch Canyon property, located far from any oak trees, hints at more extensive woodlands in the past. Regular burning by Native 1 The following designations included herein were considered special-status by WRA: Federal (Endangered Species Act) Threatened (FT), Federal Proposed for listing (FP), State (California Endangered Species Act) Threatened (ST), State Candidate for listing (SC), State Species of Special Concern (SSC), State Fully Protected Species (SFP), and Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act species (BGEPA). Note that such designations shift over time; some species that were considered special-status at the time this Plan was originally drafted may no longer hold this designation. 144
2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
10 Americans could have suppressed the recruitment of young trees and shrubs, and the introduction of perennial cattle grazing, which continues today, may have exacerbated this effect. As aging trees died without being replaced by younger ones, grazing gave a competitive advantage to non-native grasses and forbs, which now dominate the site.
Early in the spring season, the grassland is dominated by common non-native species such as wild oats (Avena spp.), ripgut brome (Bromus diandrus), winter vetch (Vicia villosa), and redstem filaree (Erodium cicutarium). As spring progresses, yellow and purple star thistle (Centaurea solstitialis and C. calcitrapa) – aggressive invasive species from the Mediterranean region - take over. These invasive thistles are particularly problematic, with star thistle becoming unpalatable to cattle once its spiny flowerheads form in mid-May. Another California Invasive Plant Council (Cal-IPC) rated moderately invasive species, cardoon or artichoke thistle (Cynara cardunculus) poses a significant threat to native vegetation if left uncontrolled. Other invasive exotics, including wild anise (Foeniculum vulgare; Cal-IPC Moderate), teasel (Dipsacus sylvestris; Cal-IPC Moderate), and horehound (Marrubium vulgare; Cal-IPC Limited), are also present in localized populations.
Common non-native plant species found on the property include Italian thistle (Carduus pycnocephalus; Cal-IPC Moderate), milk thistle (Silybum marianum; Cal-IPC Limited), cut leaf geranium (Geranium dissectum; Cal-IPC Limited), wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum), and soft brome (Bromus hordeaceus).
Native forb species have been largely displaced, with only a few, such as erect evax (Hesperevax sparsiflora), succulent lupine (Lupinus succulentus), and common fiddleneck (Amsinckia intermedia), maintaining a strong foothold. Historically, this community may have supported the federal listed endangered Indian clover (Trifolium ammonium), which was collected near Napa Junction (American Canyon) in 1891. This species preferred the rich grassy swales that exist in the lower, flat areas near the mouth of the canyon.
These grasslands support an array of avian species, including western meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta), say’s phoebe (Sayornis saya), horned lark (Eremophila alpestris), and killdeer (Charadrius vociferus). The special-status raptors white-tailed kite (Elanus leucurus; SFP), northern harrier (Circus hudsonius, SSC), and golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos; BGEPA, SFP) utilize this habitat for foraging, hunting small mammals and other prey; all three species were observed on-site by WRA in January 2025. The state listed Swainson’s hawk (Buteo swainsoni; ST) may also be present during the spring and summer (see additional comments on nesting below). Two special-status passerines may nest in on-site grasslands, Bryant’s savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis alaudinus; SSC) and grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum; SSC). The state listed tricolored blackbird (Agelaius tricolor; ST, SSC) may forage in the Preserve’s grasslands, especially during the non-breeding season (winter). Burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia; SSC, SC) may also use on-site grasslands, sheltering in ground squirrel burrows or similar refugia at lower elevations (nesting by this species is unlikely overall).
Several common mammal species also inhabit these grasslands, including coyote (Canis latrans) and black-tailed (mule) deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus), as well as smaller species such as California ground squirrel (Otospermophilus beecheyi), black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus), Botta’s pocket gopher (Thomomys bottae), and western harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys megalotis). The open grasslands provide excellent habitat for common reptiles like the gopher snake (Pituophis catenifer), western terrestrial garter snake (Thamnophis elegans), and western rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus). The grasslands also have the potential to support overland movement by CRLF, which is known to travel up to 1 mile or more, during both dispersals to/from breeding sites and when seasonal aquatic habitat dries down; this species is known from lands adjacent to the Preserve, including documented breeding sites. Overland movement by CRLF is most likely to occur during or after rain events when conditions are moist.
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11 3.2 Central Coast Riparian Forest (Coast Live Oak Series) Central Coast riparian forests thrive along and adjacent to the stream banks, supported by perennial water availability. It is nearly continuous along the southern branch of Newell Creek but becomes fragmented along the norther branch and in the southwest part of the Preserve. Spanning approximately
14.5 acres, the community is dominated by Arroyo willow (Salix lasiolepis) and shining willow (S. lasialandra) along the south branch, with California bay and coast live oak being common, particularly in the upper reach. Here, the canopy reaches 100%, with trees spanning between 50 to 75 feet tall. The understory is sparse or absent due to the inhibitory properties of bay tree litter, a condition worsened by cattle grazing and trampling.
Where the riparian community meets the Coast Live Oak Forest (middle reach), willows form an outer band, blending the live oak and bay elements into the adjacent forest canopy. In the lower reach, the distinction becomes clearer, with shining and Arroyo willow dominating. The understory, along with gaps in the canopy, hosts thickets of California blackberry (Rubus ursinus), poison oak (Toxicodendron diversilobum), Santa Barbara sedge (Carex barbarae), and creeping rye. Other common species include Common Snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus), California rose (Rosa californica), Douglas’s mugwort (Artemisia douglasiana), California figwort (Scrophularia californica), and hoary nettle (Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea). The adjacent grasslands along the lower reach remain saturated under normal winter conditions and have been heavily invaded by teasel. Notably, Victor’s gooseberry (Ribes victoris), a special status species with a California Native Plant Society (CNPS) Rare Plant Rank (CRPR) of 4.3 and afforded some protection under CEQA, is found in the upper reach of this community, represented by eight individuals in three locations.
Given the presence of water, typically lush cover of shrubs and trees, and ecotones (transitional areas between two vegetation communities), riparian woodlands and forests are well known to provide important habitat for wildlife. Many locally common bird species use riparian areas for nesting, including California quail (Callipepla californica), Nuttall’s woodpecker (Picoides nuttallii), black phoebe (Sayornis nigricans), spotted towhee (Pipilo maculatus), California towhee (Melozone crissalis), California scrub jay (Aphelocoma californica), and song sparrow (Melospiza melodia). Other birds frequent riparian zones during the winter period including golden-crowned and white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia atricapilla and Z. leucophrys respectively) and yellow-rumpled warbler (Setophaga coronata). Long-eared owls (Asio otus; SSC), a cryptic and locally rare species, have been observed wintering in the Preserve’s riparian groves. These discrete and often isolated strands of woodland vegetation are also important for many species during spring and fall migrations, providing temporary (stopover) habitat and foraging resources.
Special-status birds that may use the Preserve’s riparian trees for nesting include white-tailed kite, loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus; SSC) and State listed Swainson’s hawk. The local breeding population of the latter species appears to be growing, and nesting within or adjacent to the Preserve may occur in the future, mostly likely in low-elevation “bottomland” settings. There is also the potential for two special-status, riparian-affiliated passerine birds to nest within the Preserve’s riparian vegetation:
yellow warbler (Setophaga petechia; SSC) and yellow-breasted chat (Icteria virens; SSC). Breeding by both species is locally uncommon. Yellow warblers have been observed within the Preserve during migratory periods; on-site nesting by both species is more likely if riparian woodland is allowed to increase in extent and vegetative density.
The riparian belts also provide habitat for common mammals including coyote, raccoon (Procyon lotor), striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis), long-tailed weasel (Mustela frenata), and ornate shrew (Sorex ornatus).
Larger/older riparian trees with developed cavities and hollows (e.g., oaks) may support roosting by a variety of bats, including the special-status pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus; SSC) and fringed myotis (Myotis thysanodes; SSC). Relatively undisturbed cavities with sufficient internal thermal conditions may host bat maternity roosting (rearing of bat young by breeding females). Resident reptiles and amphibians may include gopher snake, garter snakes, ring-necked snake (Diadophis punctatus), southern alligator lizard 146
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12 (Elgaria multicarinata), western skink (Plestiodon skiltonianus), Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla), and California slender salamander (Batrachoseps attenuates). The special-status northwestern (western) pond turtle (Actinemys marmorata; SSC, FP) has the potential to be present in Newell Creek, most likely seasonally in the lower reaches where the gradient is low and inundation/flow is most extensive; as observed by WRA in January 2025, in-stream elevational shifts (e.g., plunge pools) and the frequent incision of the channel would limit in-stream movement by turtles in areas above the lowest reaches.
Additionally, portions of Newell Creek are designated as habitat mitigation for CRLF. Riparian belts may be used by this species as non-breeding aquatic habitat (stream waters) and for terrestrial shelter including potential summer aestivation in moist refugia (riparian substrate and understory) if conditions encourage such.
3.3 Coast Live Oak Forest (Coast Live Oak Series)
On one north-facing slope within the Preserve, conditions favor a forest dominated by coast live oak. The soil here, coarser than that in the surrounding grassland (Millsholm loam, moderate permeability), and reduced sun exposure help retain moisture longer, extending the growing season. This community spans approximately 40-45 acres on steep to moderate slopes. Tree cover exceeds 75%, with several openings, particularly near the edges. Other trees within the forest include California Bay (35%), madrone (5-10%), and California black oak (Quercus kelloggii; 1%). The brushy understory is rich with species such as poison oak, Torrey’s melicgrass (Melica torreyana), and California woodfern (Dryopteris arguta). This is one of the most diverse communities in the Preserve, hosting 78 of the 225 plant species identified on site.
The dense cover provided by trees and shrubbery in the forest and associated foraging resources provide habitat for many wildlife species. A wide variety of common birds use such forest stands year-round, including Cooper’s hawk (Astur cooperii), great horned owl (Bubo virginianus), western screech-owl (Megascops kennicottii), multiple woodpecker species, and forest-affiliated passerines including Pacificslope flycatcher (Empidonax difficilis), chestnut-backed chickadee (Poecile rufescens), Steller’s jay (Cyanocitta stelleri), varied thrush (Ixoreus naevius; wintering), and many others. A special-status passerine with potential to nest in the forest stand is olive-sided flycatcher (Contopus cooperi; SSC), which favors forest stands wherein the largest trees feature elevated perches and snags near forest edges.
Various mammals are known to or presumably use the oak forest. As described for riparian habitat above, trees with developed cavities/hollows and areas of exfoliating bark may support roosting (including maternity roosting) by several bat species such as big brown bat (Lasiurus cinereus) and hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus; foliage-roosting), in addition to the special-status species referenced above. Along with black-tailed deer, common terrestrial mammals including bobcat (Lynx rufus), gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), dusky-footed woodrat (Neotoma fuscipes), and California deermouse (Peromyscus californicus) likely inhabit this area. Resident reptiles and amphibians may include sharp-tailed snake (Contia tenuis), rough-skilled newt (Taricha granulosa), ensatina (salamander) (Ensatina eschscholtzii), and Pacific treefrog.
Note that mountain lion (Puma concolor) likely occurs within the Preserve, at least periodically. There is an on-site record in iNaturalist (2025) which consists of the observation of scat (feces); for the purposes herein, this is considered not fully validated.2 Coast live oak forest and other land covers within the Preserve provide suitable habitat for this large, wide-ranging species, particularly riparian areas with dense vegetation (for cover). See discussion on broader-scale wildlife movement in section 3.7.
3.4 Coastal Prairie (Idaho Fescue Series)
This community exhibits characteristics of both interior and coastal grassland ecosystems. The regular influence of coastal fog during the summer months and the presence of Idaho Fescue (Festuca 2 iNaturalist. 2025. Observation data from the Newell Open Space Preserve. Available from https://www.inaturalist.org.
Accessed: March 2025.
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13 idahoensis) and California oat grass (Danthonia californica) suggest it is a variant of the Coastal Prairie community. This area is a remnant of the vegetation community that likely once dominated the property but is now limited to the steeper slopes near the eastern and southern boundaries, roughly aligning with the Kreyenhagen Formation footprint described in the 1988 Landfill report.
Common species here include purple needlegrass, blue eye grass, California buttercup, Indian soap plant (Chlorogalum pomeridianum), and wild oats. The ridge line features a discontinuous strand of sandstone outcrops that supports coastal scrub elements. Picturesque, wind-sculpted coast live oak, and California bay trees crown the ridge top. The Domengine Sandstone rocks support a unique assemblage of shrubs and perennials, including hairy golden aster (Heterotheca villosa), California mahonia (Berberis pinnata), rock-loving daisy (Erigeron petrophilus var. petrophilus), California Indian pink (Silene lacinata spp. californica), and California Acaena (Acaena californica). Additionally, this community includes nine patches of California balsamroot (Balsamorhiza macrolepis), a rare and endangered listed with a CRPR of 1B.2 – Plants are rare, threatened, or endangered in California and elsewhere; fairly threatened in California. This member of the sunflower family is confined to the Bay Area region and is protected under CEQA.
This community provides wildlife habitat and resources similar to those found in the non-native grassland community, with the added benefit of brushy areas and rock outcrops that diversify the habitat and may support additional species.
3.5 Serpentine Bunchgrass (Purple Needlegrass Series)
A small portion of the property along the southern boundary features a unique grassland community shaped by the challenging conditions of serpentine soil. This area, approximately 12 acres in size, is part of a larger serpentine grassland extending southward into American Canyon. Due to the specific Calcium/Magnesium ratio (0.40 measured in American Canyon, K. Martin, 1987) in serpentine soils, many non-native species are excluded, allowing native annual and perennial species to thrive. Dominant species in this area include the California poppy (Eschscholzia californica), hayfield tarweed (Hemizonia congesta), and purple needlegrass. Other common native species in the area include naked-stem buckwheat (Eriogonum nudum), small-flowered needlegrass (Stipa lepida), and erect evax. Notably, this community is home to the Tiburon paintbrush (Castilleja affinis var. neglecta), a federally listed endangered species with a CRPR of 1B.2. The property supports approximately 5-10% of the Napa County population of this species, with an estimated 35 plants recorded in March 2011 by the Land Trust as part of the monitoring of this property.
This community provides wildlife resources similar to that described above for Non-native Grassland and Coastal Prairie. However, given the rock slopes and substrates present the area may support a higher density of reptiles. The unique conditions of the serpentine substrate (ultramafic rock – high levels of magnesium and iron) and the presence of diverse native plant species further enhance the ecological value of this habitat, making it an important refuge for various species adapted to these specific conditions.
3.6 Wetlands (Spikerush Series)
The dense clay-loam soils and rocky substrate of the Preserve give rise to several seasonal and perennial seeps and springs, where groundwater meets the soil surface. In addition to six seep areas and two springs onsite, the exposed bottoms of several steam channels, where they receive full sunlight, support a similar array of wetland species. A few seasonal ponds are also present within the Preserve. Dominant species in these wetland areas include brown-headed rush (Juncus phaeocephalus), Pacific bog rush (Juncus effusus spp. pacificus), bristly oxtongue (Helminthotheca echioides), winter cress (Barbarea vulgaris), clover (Trifolium spp.), curly dock (Rumex crispus), and Baltic rush (Juncus balticus). 148
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14 This habitat provides essential water and forage for wildlife. Several on-site aquatic features may be used as non-breeding aquatic habitat for the federal listed CRLF; these include Newell Creek and associated riparian areas (particularly the lower reaches), and some of the higher-elevation ponds in the eastern and southeastern portions of the Preserve. During WRA’s January 2025 site visit, none of the subject ponds appeared to have suitable hydrology for CRLF breeding, though when inundated these may provide refuge for frogs that are moving overland through the Preserve. The wetlands feed into the creek system, which exits the preserve through the designated habitat for the species, further enhancing the ecological importance of these areas. However, cattle grazing has significantly influenced the biomass of wetland plants and altered the composition of these habitats by facilitating the invasion of non-native species.
3.7 Species Observations
A list of wildlife species observed within the Preserve is provided in Appendix C; this list is based on the public databases eBird (2025) and iNaturalist (2025), as well as WRA’s observations.34 Given its location within the greater (continental scale) Pacific Flyway, the Preserve serves as an important location for many bird species transiting through the region during the spring and fall migratory periods, with some species overwintering. The site’s various vegetation communities each provide shelter and resources applicable to different suites of birds. The Preserve is particularly attractive to raptors due to its elevated hills, location between the coast and Central Valley, distance from human disturbance, and the persistent, strong offshore westerly winds from spring to fall. These winds create wind inversion when they meet the hills, offering favorable soaring conditions. Raptor species known or likely to utilize the Preserve for at least some portions of the year include the various special-status species referenced previously, as well as bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus; BGEPA, SFP), ferruginous hawk (Buteo regalis), prairie falcon (Falco mexicanus), peregrine falcon (F. peregrinus), and other more common species.
Golden eagles are relatively abundant in vicinity of the Preserve, with the first recorded sightings dating back to 1966. These majestic birds are regularly observed foraging at nearby Lynch Canyon, and a golden eagle was observed by WRA soaring over the Preserve in January 2025. Golden eagles typically select nesting sites on cliffs or in large trees near ridge tops, often alternating between two or three nesting sites in different years. Historically there has been a rough triangle of three local golden eagle nesting sites. While one of these sites is located within the Preserve, the others are on adjacent lands which constitute portions of the greater local habitat complex for this species. The characteristics that make these sites desirable for nesting include clusters of trees on steep hillsides surrounded by open land, distance from human activity, and the availability of water. Protecting these nesting sites when they are in use by eagles is an important aspect of managing and operating the Preserve. Golden eagle pairs court between November and December, and raise their young for up to approximately nine months, from as early as December through August. To ensure their safety, we adhere to protections under the federal Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act; this statute prohibits the taking, disturbing, possession, sale, purchase, barter, or transport of any bald or golden eagle, whether alive or dead, including any part, nest, or egg, without a permit.
Under the auspices of the City, the Preserve also follows regulations set out within the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act, which forbids the taking, disturbing, killing, possession, transportation, or importation of all migratory birds, their eggs, parts, and nests unless authorized by a valid permit.5 The California Fish and Game Code provides similar protections to native birds (and certain introduced game species). 3 eBird. 2025. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundance [web application]. eBird, Ithaca, New York.
Available at: http://www.ebird.org. Accessed: March 2025 4 iNaturalist. 2025. Observation data from the Newell Open Space Preserve. Available from https://www.inaturalist.org.
Accessed: March 2025.
5 Note that this Act also covers native species that are locally non-migratory. 149
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15 The Essential Connectivity Project (Caltrans 2010, CDFW 2025) maps the Preserve and adjacent open space lands as within an “Essential Connectivity Area;” such areas are defined as essential to long-term ecological conservation as they connect at least two “Natural Landscape Blocks” (relatively large, intact habitat blocks that support native biodiversity).
6,7 The Essential Connectivity Area including the Preserve connects it to mapped Natural Landscape Blocks respectively centered on the Petaluma River to the west, as well in the foothills east of Napa Valley and north of Suisun Bay. Connectivity at this scale is important for larger terrestrial wildlife including mountain lion and deer, though note that Highways 80 and 12 provide at least partial barriers and hazards to regular movement.
Overall, the expansion of residential and other urban development in the former Watson Ranch site to the west has likely altered movement opportunities and patterns for some wildlife species locally, including in the context of the Preserve. However, the composition of species using the Preserve is unlikely to have shifted notably since this Plan was originally drafted in 2001. Most of the Preserve is relatively remote and its habitats sheltered from disturbances associated with development. Adjacent open space and other undeveloped lands nearly surround the Preserve, and further contribute to the Preserve’s ability to support diverse wildlife and other biological resources. If undeveloped private lands to the north, south, and/or east of the Preserve were to be proposed for development or other land use alternation (e.g., converted to vineyards), this assessment would need to be re-evaluated for some species and resources.
4.0 Cultural Resources
The natural beauty of the Preserve is immediately striking, with its majestic vistas of rolling hills, clusters of trees, and creek side vegetation. This landscape also holds a rich history of the people who have lived, worked, and raised families here.
In August 1988, the Cultural Resource Facility at Sonoma State University conducted a cultural resource field survey for the American Canyon Replacement Landfill Environmental Impact Report (EIR). The study revealed that the Preserve is located within the traditional territory of the Patwin, a Native American group whose language and culture once extended approximately 90 miles from Suisun Bay north to Princeton, and about 40 miles west from the Sacramento River. Within ten miles of the Preserve, five Patwin village sites have been recorded.
The Patwin people sustained a diversified economy based on fishing, hunting, and gathering, adapting their settlement and subsistence patterns to seasonal food availability. During the winter, the valleydwelling Patwin inhabited permanent villages within the marshlands. In summer, they relocated to smaller tributaries on surrounding plains. The upland groups, in contrast, wintered near streams exiting into the valley or at other favorable streamside locations, moving to the surrounding hills in the summer.
The Preserve area would have been inhabited by the upland Patwin. Prehistoric sites in the Preserve are likely to have been winter village sites, characterized by middens with large quantities of shell and bone, specialized areas such as butchering stations, and seed and acorn grinding areas. The archaeological survey conducted on June 28, 1988, identified two prehistoric sites in the Preserve, designated as CANAP-751 and CA-NAP-752 in the EIR. These sites, considered together, represent potentially unique archaeological resources.
6 (Caltrans) California Department of Transportation. 2010. California Essential Habitat Connectivity Project: A Strategy for Conserving a Connected California. Prepared for California Department of Transportation, California Department of Fish and Game, and Federal Highways Administration. Available online at:
https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Planning/Connectivity/CEHC. Most recently accessed: April 2025. 7 (CDFW) California Department of Fish and Wildlife. 2025. Biogeographic Information and Observation System.
Biogeographic Data Branch. Sacramento, California. Online at: https://wildlife.ca.gov/Data/BIOS; most recently accessed: April 2025.
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16 The Patwin way of life was rapidly disrupted following colonization by Euro-Americans. Some Patwin were removed from their villages by the Spanish missions, while others succumbed to malaria and smallpox epidemics in the 1830s. The few remaining Patwin were displaced with American settlement of the area in the 1850s and 1860s.
Early explorers, missionaries, and trappers reported the presence of pronghorn antelope, mule deer, elk, bear, mountain lions, and coyotes in the region. Herds as large as 1,000 to 2,000 elk and 3,000 antelope were recorded. However, elk, antelope, bears, and mountain lions were soon eliminated following Spanish and American settlement, while deer were heavily hunted but not entirely eradicated.
The demand for firewood led to the harvesting of native cottonwood and oaks. To address the diminishing wood supplies, landowners planted eucalyptus, an Australian import, as an alternative.
Several eucalyptus still stand today visible in the Preserve.
In 1864, Mary and Richard James Falls settled in the Preserve area, which they named Fall Ranch. Richard James had acquired a bounty land certificate in New Orleans for a 40-acre parcel. The family cultivated wheat on the ranch and eventually expanded their holdings to approximately 170 acres. Their home was located in the clearing at the southwest entrance to the Preserve, where the old barn still stands. The Falls family continued to run the ranch until it was sold in 1900 to Charles Cantoni.
The Cantoni family operated a dairy farm on the ranch, and many longtime residents fondly remember their charming, white, old-fashioned two-story home in the same location as the Fall’s family home. Locals recall visits to the Cantoni ranch to buy butter, eggs, and pick flowers for the May Day celebration. Over the years, the Cantoni family leased out various portions of the ranch.
From 1913 to 1964, part of the Preserve was owned by the Scally family, followed by Ted and Ruth Brown.
In 1980, Jack and Bernice Newell purchased the ranch from the Cantoni and Brown families. They leased portions of the land to neighbors Ralph and Ron Azevedo for cattle grazing. The ranch was sold to the Tricounties Development Company in 1985, with plans for a replacement landfill. When these plans fell through, the Newell’s purchased the ranch in 1992. In 1999, the Newell family generously gifted the land to the City of American Canyon, creating what is now a cherished open space preserve.
5.0 Geology, Soils, and Hydrology
The Preserve is nestled within the Coast Range, a mountain system that stretches from the Oregon border to Southern California. The site is located east of the Napa River floodplain and features two main canyons along with two tributary canyons. For clarity, Geographic names have been assigned to these canyons and their associated drainages.
The lower main canyon drainage and creek refer to the westward-draining canyon, which splits eastward into two tributary canyons. The south tributary creek flows from the southeastern part of the site to its junction with the lower and upper main canyon creeks. The upper main canyon tributary drainage and creek lie above this junction. On the northeastern portion of the property, another drainage basin flows northward, referred to as the north canyon drainage and creek. Elevation on the site ranges from approximately 125 feet above mean sea level (msl) at the western edge of the property to over 950 feet above msl at the southeastern corner.
5.1 Petrology
In 1988, EMCON Associate conducted a geologic and hydrogeologic analysis of the site. Their findings documented Quarternary alluvium and landslide deposits (dating back as much as two million years), Eocene Markley Sandstone and Nortonville Shale members of the Kreyenhagen Formation, Eocene 151
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17 Domengine Sandstone, and Cretaceous to Jurassic-age bedrock units of the Great Valley Sequence and Franciscan Assemblage.
Alluvium, composed predominantly of clay with minor layers of silty sand, sand silt, and gravelly clay, occupies the drainage valleys of the main and tributary canyons. These alluvial deposits are eroded soils and bedrock debris laid down by the action of running water, rivers, and streams, forming the rich and varied geological features of the site.
Markley Sandstone underlies most of the site. This formation consists of medium to thick-bedded sandstone with interbeds of claystone, mudstone, and siltstone. The Markley Sandstone is moderately well-cemented and slightly fractured, with interbeds of crushed to intensely fractured claystone and mudstone.
The eastern and southern margins of the property are underlain by Nortonville Shale and Domengine Sandstone. Nortonville Shale is primarily composed of thinly bedded, intensely fractured claystone and mudstone, with some sandstone and siltstone interbeds. Domengine Sandstone consists of hard, slightly to intensely fractured sandstone with numerous pebbly layers, along with cobble and boulder conglomerate beds. The bedrock of the Franciscan Assemblage is exposed along the southern margin of the project site, consisting mostly of highly altered basalt known as greenstone. This rock is slightly to moderately fractured and has been altered locally into extremely hard silica carbonate rock.
5.2 Site Geological Structure
The site’s geologic structure is primarily characterized by broad, northwest-to-west-trending folds. Faulting is relatively minor, with a few short faults likely caused by deformation associated with local folding. A 400- foot-wide, west-to-northwest-trending shear zone has been mapped along the southern margin of the site. This shear zone separates the Cretaceous Franciscan rocks to the south from the Eocene rocks to the north. It consists of a zone of mixed lithologies derived from adjacent in-place formations that have been sheared and faulted into contact with each other. EMCON Associates concluded that this fault zone has not been active for several years, and there are no known active faults passing through the Preserve. The closest active fault is the West Napa Fault. Other major San Francisco Bay Area faults that could generate ground shaking at the Preserve include the Green Valley Fault, located about four miles northeast, the Rodgers Creek-Healdsburg Fault, about 11 miles southwest, and the San Andreas Fault, approximately 31 miles southwest.
Notable geological features on the site include exposed Markley Sandstone rock faces above the eastern ridge at around 900 feet of elevation. Additionally, an exploratory mining tunnel, dug during World War II in a reported search for mineral magnetite, extends approximately 150 feet horizontally into a hillside near the southern boundary of the property. While the mine is an intriguing part of the natural history of the property, it is not open to the public for exploration.
5.3 Soils
The Soil Conservation Service (SCS, 1978) identified the majority of the proposed landfill area as consisting of Fagan series clay loam soils. These soils (designated as Fa, Fb, Fc) are characterized by slow permeability, rapid runoff, and moderate to high erosion hazard. In the southwestern portion of the area, Millsholm loam was mapped on a steep north-facing hillside. Millsholm loam is a moderately permeable soil with very rapid runoff and a high erosion hazard. Additionally, a small area of Hambright-Rock outcrop complex (HR) is located along the southern boundary of the Preserve. This soil type is also moderately permeable, with rapid to very rapid runoff and a high erosion hazard. Further descriptions of the soils series are provided below.
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18 Fagan Series: This soil series consists of well drained clay loam soils formed in material from sandstone or shale at elevations ranging from 200 to 1,500 feet above sea level on slopes from 5 to 50 percent. These soils are not considered hydric with medium to rapid runoff and slow permeability. Natural vegetation is mostly annual grasses and forbs and a few oaks on north slopes.
Millsholm Series: This soil series consists of shallow, well drained loam soils formed in material from sandstone, mudstone, and shale at elevations ranging from 180 to 4,750 feet above sea level on slopes from 5 to 75 percent. These soils are typically found on hills and mountains and are considered not hydric with low to very high runoff and moderate permeability. Natural vegetation is annual grasses with oaks, pines, and shrubs.
Hambright Series: This soil series consists of shallow, well drained soils formed in material from basic igneous rocks at elevations ranging from 300 to 3,000 feet above sea level on slopes of 2 to 75 percent. Hambright soils are often mapped in complex with rock outcrops and are considered not hydric with medium to very rapid runoff and moderate permeability. Natural vegetation is mostly annual grasses and forbs with oaks and shrubs.
In several tributary drainages on the site, problems such as “head cuts” or rotational slumps have been observed at the upper ends of draws, often leading to slope failures and gullying along the length of the draw. While these conditions are not directly caused by cattle activity, cattle may indirectly contribute by preventing the growth of woody vegetation that would otherwise stabilize these drainages.
The limited use of this site as an open space preserve is not expected to conflict with the soil characteristics of rapid runoff and moderate to high erosion hazards. This Management Plan ensures careful planning and execution of trail profiles, limits off-trail access, and actively monitors slope runoff conditions to effectively mitigate erosion and preserve the integrity of the landscape.
5.4 Hydrology
The site is situated in a hilly region that separates the alluvial basin of the Napa Valley to the west, drained by the Napa River, from the smaller Green Valley to the east, drained by the Cordelia Slough. The hills are composed of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, which have low permeability. Due to this low permeability and the likelihood of trapped marine water, these hills are not considered significant as a groundwater reservoir resource.
The ridge line along the site's eastern boundary serves as the drainage divided between the Napa Valley and Green Valley basins. Two stream drainages, or basin subareas, have developed on the site, both draining into the Napa Valley basin. The larger subarea, covering 85% of the site, includes the main canyon and the north and south canyons further east. The smaller subarea drains northward, originating north of the preserve. The site is located above the 100-year floodplain of the Napa River and is not subject to inundation (FEMA, 1980).
Due to direct cattle activity and the associated reduction of protective woody vegetation and tree roots, many of the stream banks on the site are experiencing significant erosion and failure caused by the impact of stream flow. The stream channels have become deeply undercut, with entrenched cascades that are gradually eroding upstream, contributing to stream siltation. The presence of vegetation growing within the channels indicates that these conditions have persisted for many years.
Intensive groundwater testing was conducted as part of the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) for the landfill. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, in collaboration with the Napa Flood Control and Water Conservation District, produced an isohyetal map for the Napa River basin. This map, derived from 153
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19 precipitation records collected between 1906 and 1956, predicts that the site receives an average annual precipitation of between 16 to 20 inches.
Groundwater levels at the site fluctuate throughout the year, primarily influenced by the amount of precipitation during the winter rainy season. Levels are highest during the winter and spring months when rainfall infiltrates and recharges the groundwater table in the bedrock. Conversely, groundwater levels are lowest in the autumn, just before the onset of the rainy season. During this period, spring discharge increases, and ephemeral springs and seeps develop at the bases of the landslide deposits.
The site features two perennial springs, likely resulting from the intersection of the groundwater table with the ground surface. These springs remain saturated throughout summer, continuing into October. As spring transitions into late spring, groundwater levels and perennial spring discharge begin to decrease.
Additionally, short-lived ephemeral springs appear at the base of the landslide during the winter and spring, but these discharges cease in the summer as groundwater levels drop.
6.0 Operations
The Preserve’s Operational Plan serves as a guiding document for the sustainable management, protection, and public enjoyment of this unique agricultural open space. Designed to balance yearround cattle grazing, habitat conservation, and passive recreational use, this plan outlines key operational practices, safety measures, and maintenance protocols. It establishes clear standards for trail use, weather-related closures, wildfire prevention, and habitat protection, ensuring that the Preserve remains a safe, enjoyable, and ecologically vibrant resource for the community. Through proactive monitoring, strategic partnerships, and routine maintenance, City staff aim to minimize environmental impacts, promote biodiversity, and provide a high-quality outdoor experience for visitors. This plan reflects the City of American Canyon’s commitment to preserving the natural integrity of the Preserve while fostering opportunities for connection with nature and responsible stewardship of our shared open space.
6.1 Operational Hours
The Preserve operates year-round, seven days a week, from sunrise to sunset of each day. However, the Preserve may be temporarily closed under specific conditions, including scheduled maintenance activities, inclement weather, poor trail conditions, excessive heat advisories, or Red Flag Warnings.
In the event of closure, City staff will make every effort to communicate updates promptly to the community through official communication channels. Clear closure notifications will be implemented, including locking and securing entrance gates and posting signage at the trailhead and main gate to inform visitors of the closure. These measures are essential to prevent unauthorized access and ensure public safety during periods of heightened risk.
The Preserve will reopen only when City staff determine conditions are safe for public access. This decision will consider environmental factors, maintenance status, and overall public safety. These operational guidelines are designed to ensure sustainable management and accessibility of the Preserve while prioritizing safety, resource protection, and community communication.
6.2 Recreational Use
The Preserve offers opportunities for low-density, passive recreational use while honoring the values outlined in the Conservation Easement, which include natural, scenic, open space, historical, agricultural, educational, and recreation goals. Permitted recreational activities include, among others, hiking, horseback riding, bicycling, wildlife observation, nature study, environmental education, photography, kite flying, scenery painting, and meditation. These activities are designed to be compatible with the conservation objectives of the Preserve, ensuring minimal impact on its ecological and cultural resources.
It is important to note that overnight tent camping is not currently permitted within the property. 154
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To ensure the health, safety, and enjoyment of our community, and to ensure the protection and preservation of our natural habitats and protected species, the City of American Canyon, along with the Land Trust have established General Park Rules as outlined below.
1. Close all pedestrian and cattle gates.
2. All persons and their pets, including equestrians, and bicyclists shall remain on mapped and designed trail areas. Off-trail use is prohibited (Municipal Code 12.04.220).
3. Bicyclists under the age of 18 are required to wear a helmet (California Vehicle Code Section 21200 et seq).
4. Class 1 electric bicycles are permitted and must be clearly labeled with the manufacturer’s label indicating the type of electric bicycle and wattage.
5. Class 1 electric bicyclists are required to follow all the same posted rules and regulations as a bicyclists.
6. Bicyclists may ride a max speed of 15 mph, reduce speed to 5 mph when passing or on blind turns, and when approaching people, wildlife and cattle.
7. Bicyclists must obey speed limits and always maintain control and speed of the bicycle (Municipal Code 12.04.220).
8. Bicyclists shall yield to pedestrians and horses, and pedestrians and bicyclists shall yield to horses (Municipal Code 12.04.220).
9. Stay out of the creek beds, wetlands, riparian areas, and waterways.
10. Pack in, pack out – including trash and dog feces.
11. No camping for overnight stays (Municipal Code 12.06.010).
12. Dogs are required to be always leashed with a maximum of a 6-foot leash (Municipal Code
12.04070) and are not permitted in the upper Cattle Pasture area.
13. Pedestrians with dogs are required to pick up after their pets.
14. Smoking, fires, or fireworks are prohibited.
15. Do not disturb or remove plants, shrubs, or trees.
16. Do not disturb, startle, feed, or approach any wildlife or animals. Maintain a safe distance from any cattle or wildlife.
17. No person shall disturb livestock or grazing animals (Municipal Code 12.04.220).
18. No person shall release any domesticated or wild animal, plant, flower, tree, seed, or other vegetation on trails.
19. Equestrians shall maintain control and speed of their animal at all times and are encouraged to wear a helmet while riding (Municipal Code 12.04.220).
20. No hunting, fishing, wading, or swimming.
21. Firearms and dangerous weapons are not permitted.
22. It is unlawful for any person to ride or drive any vehicle within any city park or open space without the permission of the City Manager or designee (Municipal Code 12.04.110).
Visitors are expected to adhere to all posted rules, regulations, and warnings while visiting the Preserve.
City staff reserves the right to issue warnings, fines, or even restrict access to certain areas. Failure to comply with the City of American Canyon’s General Park Rules, regulations, and City Ordinances shall be asked to leave the Preserve and/or may be issued a citation by the City of American Canyon’s Police Department, Pursuant to American Canyon Municipal Code Section 1.24.010.
6.4 Trailhead and Parking
The Preserve has one designated public entrance and exit point, located at the trailhead in the parking lot. The parking lot is for day-use visitors only; overnight parking or camping is not permitted. Clear signage will communicate these rules, and City staff will monitor compliance to ensure the safety and proper use of the trailhead and parking area. Unauthorized vehicles may be cited or towed in accordance with local regulations.
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The Preserve’s trail system is classified as Class 2, Multi-Use, accommodating cyclists, equestrians, and pedestrians. With its moderate terrain, the trail invites individuals of varying skill levels to explore and enjoy the natural surroundings, fostering a shared space for outdoor enthusiasts. Visitors must stay on designated trails at all times and are not permitted to go off trail or create new trails, as doing so can damage sensitive habitats, create erosion and water quality impacts, and disrupt the natural ecosystem.
While trails were originally old cattle roads, they are not designed or maintained as roads, but rather as recreational trails intended for safe and responsible public use. The trail system also connects to Lynch Canyon, offering visitors the opportunity to explore a separate open space property with its own set of rules and regulations.
7.0 Maintenance
The trail system at the Preserve is designed to provide safe, enjoyable, and sustainable experiences for a variety of recreational activities, including hiking, horseback riding, and bicycling. Maintaining this multiuse trail system requires careful management to balance the needs of different user groups while preserving the Preserve’s natural environment and protected habitats. The following trail standards and maintenance outline the City’s approach to managing and operating this open space property, ensuring that it remains safe, accessible, and in harmony with the Conservation Easement.
7.1 Trail Standards
Managing and operating a multi-use trail system can be difficult, as each activity has its own needs and expectations. Multi-use trails represent a compromise between the different groups; this compromise can often result in less user satisfaction. The City of American Canyon will make every effort to provide a safe, usable, enjoyable, and sustainable trail system. However, trail conditions can vary depending on the time of year, the impact of rain and storms, nature, maintenance, and other occurrences. The trail system throughout the Preserve will remain in its natural condition, and in some cases, maintenance may be provided by the City of American Canyon to improve the visitor experience and safety and address erosion or runoff concerns. These improvements will not be at the cost of impacting the Preserve’s natural environment, protected habitats, and species. Per the Preserve’s Conservation Easement, any work to the property, including the trail system, will be required to be pre-approved by the Land Trust before starting the work.
7.1.1 Trail Layout and Tread
The use of gravel as a surfacing material on the trail tread creates a durable, long-lasting surface. To maintain the sustainability of the multi-use trail, the City may add crushed rock aggregate to reinforce the trail tread, applying a minimum 3-inch layer of gravel that covers the full width of the trail. Where the multi-use trail runs adjacent to springs or other features impacting the tread conditions, the City may employ rock armoring as part of the trail tread to reduce erosion impacts. The trail is presently maintained as a packed dirt base, approximately 10 to 14 feet wide.
7.1.2 Rolling Dip Inspections
In 2019, The City of American Canyon partnered with Napa County Resource Conservation District (NCRCD) to install rolling dips throughout the Preserve’s trail system. This project was implemented to reduce trail-related sediment delivery using land-smart practices aimed at enhancing water quality, habitat, and riparian areas by mitigating erosion from the trails. As part of the agreement, the City will maintain the project for 10 years through the following actions:
• Allow NCRCD to inspect the site at the end of each rainy season, including water quality monitoring and photo documentation.
• Conduct annual checks of the trail system before the rainy season (by October 15 of each year) and following major storms to identify any significant alterations caused by erosion or settling.
Ensure that rolling dips continue to function properly, dispersing runoff without causing erosion at the outlet.
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22 • Maintain the rolling dips throughout the monitoring term, ensuring they are not removed or graded out.
• Notify NCRCD within 7 days if conditions arise that may require substantial repairs.
7.2 Evaluation
City staff will regularly evaluate the conditions of the Preserve’s trail system and may increase inspections during adverse weather conditions. If any trail or section is deemed unsafe or unusable, the City will temporarily close the affected areas. City staff will follow appropriate procedures to address and repair any damage. The City’s goal is to perform routine maintenance throughout the year to minimize resource impacts and ensure the safety and usability of the trail system.
7.2.1 Trail Inventory
To help manage the maintenance needs for the Preserve, City staff will create an inventory of the physical assets of the trail, including features along the trail like signage, seating, and special trail features. This inventory will be kept up to date on an annual basis.
7.2.2 Seasonal Inspections
City staff will inspect the Preserve’s trail system and cross-check the inventory list on a seasonal basis:
Summer, Fall, Winter, and Spring - with a minimum of four times a year. Additional checks may be conducted as needed. Work Orders will be a result of any issues, defects, or needs observed during the inspections.
7.2.3 Prioritizing Maintenance
Routine maintenance will be scheduled on a seasonal or annual basis depending on the scope of the work. Outside of the City’s normal protocol, work will be prioritized from Low Priority, Medium Priority, High Priority, and Emergency.
• Low Priority: Tasks and work that need to be done but are not vital to the day-to-day operations.
These tasks and work might include non-critical repairs. • Medium Priority: Routine or preventive maintenance schedules. These tasks or work will affect operations eventually and need to be performed to maintain optimum production. • High Priority: Will directly affect operations now or in the future. • Emergency: Take priority over all other work and require immediate danger of life, health, safety, security, or operational damage to the Preserve.
7.3 Routine Maintenance
Routine maintenance is essential for preserving the safety, accessibility, and overall quality of the Preserve’s trails and natural resources. It involves regularly scheduled inspections, repairs, and upkeep to ensure that trails, vegetation, and other park elements are in optional condition. By conducting routine maintenance, the City of American Canyon aims to enhance the visitor experience, protect the environment, and minimize long-term resource impacts, ensuring the Preserve remains a safe and enjoyable space for the community.
7.3.1 Trail Maintenance Window
Maintenance to the Preserve will occur from March to November of each year – dependent on weather, and state and local regulations.
7.3.2 Grading and Maintenance Window
Grading will only occur during the dry months (generally May 15 through October 15), when associated erosion will be reduced to the maximum extent possible. Grading trails can disrupt the seed bank below the soil, allowing more non-native and invasive species to grow on the trail. Grading to the trail system will only occur on an as-needed basis.
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23 7.4 Weather-Related Closures
Extreme weather activity can create resource damage such as trail washout, oversaturation, flooding, and instances of hill slides. This presents a level of risk to park visitors and a potential need for Emergency Medical Service professionals that can be best mitigated by closing the Preserve until conditions are safe to enter and use. The conditions of the Preserve are monitored by City staff; City staff will be responsible for the opening and closing of the Preserve and may be at the direction of outside agencies like the American Canyon Fire Protection District, Napa County, etc.
7.4.1 Wet Weather
The Preserve may close at any time due to inclement weather. City staff will utilize the National Weather Service website for predictions and assistance throughout the year. In cases where the City of American Canyon experiences ½” or more of rainfall within 12 hours – the Preserve will be closed. For every ½” of rainfall equals one (1) day of closure unless otherwise noted by City staff. Closure may exceed this formula due to trail conditions.
7.4.2 Red Flag Warning
The Preserve may close at any time due to a Red Flag Warning. Red Flag Warnings may be issued by the American Canyon Fire Protection District, Napa County, Cal Fire, and the National Weather Services.
Preserve will be closed for the full duration of the warning, and will reopen once the warning is lifted. The minimum standard observed is 80/20/20 (+80 degrees / +20 mph winds / -20% humidity).
7.4.3 Air Quality
Air pollution can cause serious health issues and local air quality can affect our daily lives. Like the weather, air quality can change from day to day and/or be impacted by air pollution, wildfires, and other emergencies. The Preserve may close at any time for an Air Quality Index (AQI) of 101 to 200; the Preserve will remain closed until the air quality improves. The City of American Canyon measures AQI through Air Now.
7.5 Grazing
For over 150 years, the Preserve has served as agricultural land, with cattle grazing playing a key role in resource management for the past 50 years. Since 1999, the Azevedo Livestock Company has been a dedicated partner of the City, continuing a longstanding tradition of conservation grazing alongside the Newell family. Today, Azevedo Livestock Company’s cattle primarily graze the upper pasture of the property, with open, year-round grazing access between the Azevedo property, the Preserve, and Lynch Canyon Open Space. The lower portion of the property is grazed by other animals seasonally or on an asneeded basis as part of targeted grazing efforts to reduce fine fuels and target non-native species. City staff regularly evaluate and monitor grazing practices, collaborating closely with the Azevedo family and the Land Trust to balance effective resource management while preserving a positive experience for all park visitors.
7.5.1 Benefits of Grazing Animals
Conservation grazing is a vital land management tool that supports healthy grassland ecosystems, enhances habitat diversity, and plays a critical role in wildlife protection. Without grazing, grassland areas would become overrun by weedy, undesirable, and invasive plants. Grazing reduces the cover of annual grasses, creating opportunities for wildflowers and native grasses to thrive. Well-managed conservation grazing also fosters habitat diversity, supporting numerous wildlife species, including endangered ones.
Beyond the ecological benefits, grazing significantly reduces wildfire risks by controlling flammable vegetation. While cattle are effective in managing grasslands in the upper portion of the property, goats and sheep are often deployed in the lower portions of the property getting in hard-to-reach areas like creek beds and steep hillsides. These proactive measures not only slow the spread and intensity of wildfires but also prevent grasslands from transitioning into more flammable shrublands, giving firefighters a better chance to control and contain fires.
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24 7.5.2 What To Do Around Cattle
Cattle grazing in the Preserve plays an essential role in managing the property’s grasslands, reducing wildfire risks, and supporting native habitats. However, sharing the Preserve with grazing animals requires visitors to be mindful of their presence, especially during calving season from August to October. While calves may be adorable, human interaction with them poses risks to both people and animals.
Additionally, cattle can cause trail damage during the rainy season, produce manure, and may react defensively if startled or threatened. Visitors are welcome to hike through the cattle pasture, but its important to remain mindful and respectful to these animals. Cattle are not familiar with people, and they are actively working on the landscape. Here are guidelines for visitors:
• Dogs are not permitted in the grazing pasture.
• Admire calves from a distance. Do not approach, touch, or attempt to relocate calves, even if they appear to be alone. Mother cows are often grazing nearby and will return. Getting between a calf and its mother can cause stress, injury, or even death to a calf or person. • Give cattle space. If cattle are blocking the trail, approach slowly, speak calmly, and allow them time to move away. If necessary, walk around them or briefly step off the trail. • Close pedestrian gates. Always close pedestrian gates behind you to prevent livestock from wandering into unintended areas.
7.6 Weed Management & Invasive Species
Weed management and invasive species control are critical components of maintaining the health and sustainability of an open space preserve. Invasive species can be relentless, leading to the extirpation of native plants and animals, destroying biodiversity, and altering wildlife habitats. Their spread negatively impacts the environment, and both human and animal health and safety. The Preserve is home to several invasive species, which are actively address throughout the year. However, one of the most common challenges for visitors is the presence of various thistles, which are focused on in management to maintain the integrity of the landscape and ensure a positive experience for all who enjoy the area.
7.6.1 Thistles
Artichoke thistle, along with yellow and purple start thistle, are particularly prevalent, emerging from November to August. To mitigate this issue, City staff work to manage thistle populations along and within the trail system on a regular basis. This includes tactics such as blading or dragging the trail to remove thistle, as well as utilizing an herbicide spray that is safe for wildlife and cattle. These measures are part of an ongoing effort to reduce the spread of these invasive species and protect the Preserve's natural environment. Herbicide spraying should be coordinated with any grading efforts to ensure the best possible reduction in overall species.
7.6.2 Brush
When brush grows or is forced into the trail corridor, trail damage often occurs as trail users are forced off the established trail tread and onto the berm. The removal of all living or dead vegetation from the trailway will occur on an as-needed basis for resource protection, safe trail access, and the protection of the trail.
7.7 Wildfire Prevention
The vegetation within the Preserve plays a vital role in controlling erosion, managing stormwater, filtering pollutants, and providing aesthetic value to the natural landscape. It is essential to protect desirable trees, shrubs, and grasses as they contribute to oxygen production, nutrient cycling, and improve water quality. In recent years, California has experienced more frequent and intense wildfires, driven by factors such as drought, human activity near wildlands, longer summers, fire suppression history, water shortages, and the effects of climate change. Vegetation management is crucial in mitigating wildfire risks by reducing the spread of fires, managing invasive species, and promoting ecological health through controlled vegetation thinning.
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25 To address these risks, the City of American Canyon has implemented proactive wildfire prevention measures, including conservation grazing, mowing, and strategic partnerships, all aligned with our resource management goals to enhance native plant diversity and protect the natural environment.
7.7.1 Conservation Grazing
Livestock grazing is a science-based management tool used to maintain grassland habitats, promote the growth of native plants, and reduce wildfire risk. The City of American Canyon has a Grazing License with the Azevedo Family for the upper portions of the Preserve known as the Grazing Pasture. This grazing method is year-round or continuous with little to no restrictions and occurs simultaneously on the adjacent Azevedo Property and Lynch Canyon Open Space. Additional grazing methods may be used on the lower portions of the property, outside of the Grazing Pasture throughout the year. This type of grazing may occur along the Preserve’s trail system, and picnic and barn areas.
7.7.2 Mowing
To maintain vegetation along trails and reduce fire risk, mowing is scheduled during the Trail Maintenance Window (March through November). The California Department of Fish and Wildlife defines bird nesting season as February 1st through August 15th, during which mowing may be restricted. Before mowing, City staff will coordinate with a third-party company to conduct a biological survey. o Negative Survey: If the survey results are negative, mowing can proceed within two weeks, with the requirement that the work continues uninterrupted until completed. If work stops and resumes at a later date, a new Biological Survey must be completed. o Positive Survey: If a survey identifies nesting birds, mowing is prohibited, and the City must wait for a specified period before resubmitting a new Biological Survey.
7.7.3 Partnerships
The City collaborates with the American Canyon Fire Protection District and CalFire to safeguard open space areas within American Canyon. These partnerships strengthen our ability to manage and prevent wildfires and mitigate risks effectively.
8.0 Conservation Monitoring
The Land Trust conducts annual conservation monitoring of the property to assess its ecological health and ensure adherence to conservation values. The City works closely with the Land Trust to strike a balance between conservation and public access, ensuring the property is managed and operated in alignment with the Conservation Easement. This collaboration ensures that public access and recreational use remain compatible with the conservation objectives and values, maintaining the integrity of the property’s natural and cultural resources while providing meaningful opportunities for the community to enjoy and appreciate the Preserve.
9.0 Restoration
The City will actively collaborate with the Land Trust to implement restoration efforts focused on removing invasive plants, planting native species, restoring habitats, and managing wildlife populations. All restoration projects will adhere to best practices and standards, including consulting with professionals to ensure proper planning, implementation, and maintenance of the work. Efforts will include targeted projects such as weed removal along and on the trails, tree plantings in strategically planned locations, and habitat enhancement efforts. Of particular importance is the enhancement of aquatic resources to encourage CRLF use of the wetlands on the Preserve for breeding and non-breeding habitat. In addition, the restoration of riparian habitat through stream system management that addresses channel incisions and head-cuts and the expansion of native riparian vegetation would benefit a variety of wildlife species, including special-status northwestern pond turtles and nesting birds.
10.0 Conclusion
The Preserve’s Management Plan serves as a comprehensive guide to ensuring the long-term sustainability, ecological integrity, and community values of this vital natural resource. By balancing our 160
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26 conservation efforts with public access and education, this plan fosters a deeper connection between people and the environment while protecting sensitive habitats, species, and property.
The strategies outlined in this plan emphasize adaptive management, stakeholder collaboration, and our commitment to preserving the unique ecological and cultural features of the preserve. Through ongoing monitoring, resource stewardship, and community engagement, this plan aims to create a legacy of responsible management that will benefit future generations.
With a clear framework for maintenance, restoration, and visitor access, this plan provides the foundation of achieving the dual goal of conservation and recreation, ensuring that the preserve remains a cherished and thriving part of our community.
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Appendix B. Vascular Plants Occurring at Newell Canyon Open Space
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
PTERIDOPHYTES - FERNS AND ALLIES
Adiantum jordanii California maidenhair fern
Dryopteris arguta California wood fern
Equisetum laevigatum Braun's scouring rush
Equisetum telmateia ssp. braunii giant horsetail
Pentagramma triangularis ssp. triangularis goldenback fern Polypodium glycyrrhiza Polypody
Polystichum imbricans ssp. sword fern
Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens western bracken
ANTHOPHYTES - FLOWERING PLANTS
Toxicodendron diversilobum poison oak
Angelica californica California angelica
Heracleum lanatum cow parsnip
Lomatium macrocarpum large-fruited lomatium
Lomatium nudicaule pestle parsnip
Lomatium utriculatum foothill lomatium
Osmorhiza chilensis mountain sweet cicely
Perideridia kelloggii Kellogg's yampah
Sanicula bipinnatifida purple sanicle
Sanicula crassicaulis pacific snakeroot
Scandix pectin-veneris Spanish needles *
Torilis nodosa knotted hedge parsley *
Aristolochia californica dutchman’s pipe
Achillea millefolium common yarrow
Agoseris grandiflora large-flowered agoseris
Artemisia douglasiana Douglas's mugwort
Artemisia californica California sagebrush
Baccharis pilularis coyote brush
Balsamorhiza macrolepis ssp. macrolepis California balsamroot Carduus pycnocephalus Italian thistle *
Centaurea calcitrapa purple star thistle *
Centaurea solstitialis yellow star thistle *
Cirsium vulgare bull thistle *
Cotula coronopifolia brass buttons *
Erigeron petrophilus ssp. petrophilus rock daisy
Eriophyllum lanatum var. achillaeoides woolly sunflower Gnaphalium canescens ssp. beneolens slender cudweed
Gnaphalium purpureum purple cudweed
Gnaphalium stramineum cotton-batting plant
Hemizonia congesta ssp. luzulifolia hayfield tarweed
Hesperevax sparsiflora var. sparsiflora erect hesperevax Heterotheca sessiliflora ssp. bolanderi Bolander's hairy golden aster Lagophylla ramosissima common haireleaf
Madia gracilis slender madia
Picris echioides prickly ox-tongue*
Silybum marianum milk thistle *
Sonchus oleraceus sow thistle *
Wyethia angustifolia narrow-leaved mule ears
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Wyethia glabra glossy mule ears
Berberis pinnata ssp. pinnata California mahonia
Corylus cornuta var. californica California hazelnut
Amsinckia menziesii ssp. intermedia common fiddleneck
Cynoglossum grande grand hound's tongue
Brassica niger black mustard*
Cardamine californica ssp. californica California milkmaids Erysimum capitatum var. wallflower
Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum watercress
Sisymbrium officianale hedge mustard*
Lonicera hispidula var. vacillans hairy honeysuckle
Sambucus mexicana desert elderberry
Symphoricarpus albus ssp. laevigatus common snowberry
Silene californica California Indian pink
Silene gallica windmill pink *
Stellaria media common chickweed *
Calystegia subacaulis ssp. subacaulis hill morning glory Calystegia ssp. morning glory
Dudleya cymosa ssp. cymosa live forever
Marah fabaceus California manroot
Dipsacus sativus Fuller's teasel *
Arbutus menziesii madrone
Lathyrus jepsonii ssp. californicus Jepson's pea
Lathyrus vestitus var. vestitus hillside pea
Lotus corniculatus bird's foot trefoil *
Lupinus bicolor miniature lupine
Lupinus succulentus succulent lupine
Medicago arabica black medic *
Medicago polymorpha bur clover*
Trifolium dubium shamrock*
Trifolium hirtum rose clover
Trifolium subterraneum subterranean clover *
Vicia americana var. americana American vetch
Vicia sativa ssp. nigra winter vetch *
Vicia sativa ssp. sativa spring vetch *
Erodium botrys long-beaked filaree *
Erodium cicutarium red-stemmed filaree *
Geranium dissectum cut-leaved geranium *
Geranium molle dove's foot geranium *
Ribes victoris Victor’s gooseberry
Aesculus californica buckeye
Phacelia distans common phacelia
Phacelia imbricata imbricate phacelia
Nemophila heterophylla woodland nemophila
Marrubium vulgare horehound*
Mentha pulegium pennyroyal *
Monardella villosa ssp. villosa coyote mint
Stachys ajugoides var. ajugoides hedge nettle
Stachys ajugoides var. rigida rigid hedge nettle
Umbellularia californica California bay
Lythrum hyssopifolia hyssop-leaved loosestrife *
Eucalyptus globules blue gum *
Epilobium brachycarpum panicled willowherb
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Zauschneria californica California fuchsia
Eschscholzia californica California poppy
Platystemon californicus cream cups
Plantago erecta dwarf plantain
Plantago subnuda Mexican plantain
Plantago lanceolata English plantain *
Eriogonum nudum var. oblongifolium nudestem buckwheat
Rumex acetosella sheep sorrel *
Rumex crispus curly dock*
Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata miner's lettuce
Anagallis arvensis scarlet pimpernel *
Ranunculus californicus California buttercup
Ranunculus muricatus prickleseed buttercup *
Rhamnus californica ssp. californica California coffeberry Acaena pinnatifida var. californica California acaena
Holodiscus discolor ocean spray
Malus sylvestris apple*
Potentilla glandulosa ssp. sticky cinquefoil
Rosa californica California rose
Rosa spithamea ground rose
Rubus discolor Himalayan blackberry
Rubus ursinus California blaclkberry
Galium aparine cleavers*
Galium murale wall bedstraw *
Galium porrigens ssp. porrigens climbing bedstraw
Salix exigua sandbar willow
Salix lasiolepis arroyo willow
Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra red willow
Lithophragma affine woodland star
Bellardia trixago bellardia *
Castilleja affinis ssp. affinis coast paintbrush
Castilleja affinis ssp. neglecta Tiburon paintbrush
Castilleja exserta ssp. exserta purple owl's clover
Castilleja rubicundula ssp. lithspermoides cream sacs
Mimulus aurantiacus sticky monkeyflower
Mimulus guttatus seep-spring monkeyflower
Scrophularia californica ssp. California figwort
Triphysaria pusilla dwarf owl's clover
Veronica americana American brooklime
Solanum americanum small flowered nightshade
Solanum umbelliferum blue witch
Urtica dioca ssp. holsericea hoary nettle
Viola pedunculata Johnny jump-ups
Phoradendron macrophyllum long-spiked mistletoe
Carex barbarae Santa Barbara sedge
Carex deweyana var. leptopoda short-scaled sedge
Cyperus eragrostis yellow-nutsedge
Eleocharis macrostachya creeping spikerush
Scirpus koilolepis keeled clubrush
Scirpus americanus American bulrush
Iris macrosiphon bowl-tubed iris
Sisyrinchium bellum blue-eyed grass
Juncus balticus Baltic rush
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2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Juncus effusus var. pacificus pacific bog rush
Juncus mexicanus Mexican rush
Juncus xiphioides Iris-leaved rush
Luzula subsessilis common wood rush
Allium serra serrated onion
Calochortus luteus gold nuggets
Chlorogalum pomeridianum var. pomeridianum Indian soap
Dichelostemma capitatum ssp. capitatum blue dies
Dichelostemma congestum ookow
Disporum hookeri Hooker's fairy bells
Smilacina stellata star false solomon·s seal
Trillium chloropetalum giant trillium
Zigadenus fremontii Fremont's star lily
Corallorhiza striata striped coral root
Avena barbata wild oats*
Bromus carinatus var. carinatus California brome
Bromus daindrus rip-gut grass *
Bromus hordeaceus soft chess*
Bromus laevipes woodland brome
Cynsurus echinatus dogtail grass *
Elymus elymoides ssp. elymoides bottlebrush squirrel-tail Elymus glaucus ssp. glaucus western rye grass
Elymus multisetus big squirrel-tail
Hordeum brachyantherum ssp. brachyantherum meadow barley Hordeum marinum ssp. gussoneanum Mediterranean barley * Leymus triticoides alkali rye
Lolium multiflorum Italian rye *
Melica californica California melica
Nassella lepida small-flowered neddlegrass
Nassella pulchra purple needlegrass
Poa annua annual bluegrass *
Poa secunda ssp. secunda pine bluegrass
Phalaris paradoxa paradox canary grass *
Polypogon monspeliensis rabbit's foot*
Typha angustifolia Narrow-leaved cat-tail
* Non-native species
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2025 Newell Open Space Management Plan
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Appendix C. Wildlife species observed in and around Newell Canyon Open Space SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME STATUS1
SOURCE
DATABASE2 WRA3
Mammals
Canis latrans coyote (scat) X X
Lepus californicus black-tailed jackrabbit X
Microtus californicus California vole X
Odocoileus hemionus columbianus black-tailed deer (tracks, scat) X X Birds
Accipiter cooperii Cooper's hawk X
Accipiter striatus sharp-shinned hawk X
Aeronautes saxatalis white-throated swift X
Agelaius phoeniceus red-winged blackbird X X
Aimophila ruficeps rufous-crowned sparrow X
Ammodramus savannarum grasshopper sparrow SSC X
Anas acuta northern pintail X
Anas crecca green-winged teal X
Anas platyrhynchos mallard X
Anas strepera gadwall X
Anser albifrons greater white-fronted goose X
Anthus rubescens American pipit X
Aphelocoma californica California scrub-jay X X
Aquila chrysaetos golden eagle GBEPA X X
Ardea alba great egret X
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME STATUS1
SOURCE
DATABASE2 WRA3
Ardea herodias great blue heron X
Baeolophus inornatus oak titmouse X
Bombycilla cedrorum cedar waxwing X
Branta canadensis Canada goose X
Branta hutchinsii cackling goose X
Bubo virginianus great horned owl X
Bucephala clangula common goldeneye X
Buteo jamaicensis red-tailed hawk X X
Buteo lagopus rough-legged hawk X
Buteo lineatus red-shouldered hawk X
Buteo regalis ferruginous hawk X
Buteo swainsoni Swainson's hawk ST X
Butorides virescens green heron X
Callipepla californica California quail X X
Calypte anna Anna's hummingbird X X
Cardellina pusilla Wilson's warbler X
Cathartes aura turkey vulture X X
Catharus guttatus hermit thrush X
Catharus ustulatus Swainson's thrush X
Certhia americana brown creeper X
Ceryle alcyon belted kingfisher X
Charadrius vociferus killdeer X
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME STATUS1
SOURCE
DATABASE2 WRA3
Chen caerulescens snow goose X
Chondestes grammacus lark sparrow X
Circus cyaneus northern harrier SSC X X
Cistothorus palustris marsh wren X
Colaptes auratus northern flicker X X
Columba livia rock pigeon (non-native) X X
Contopus cooperi olive-sided flycatcher SSC X
Contopus sordidulus western wood-pewee X
Corvus brachyrhynchos American crow X
Corvus corax common raven X X
Cyanocitta stelleri Steller's jay X
Elanus leucurus white-tailed kite SFP X X
Empidonax difficilis western flycatcher X
Empidonax traillii willow flycatcher X
Eremophila alpestris horned lark X
Euphagus cyanocephalus Brewer's blackbird X
Falco columbarius merlin X
Falco mexicanus prairie falcon X
Falco peregrinus peregrine falcon X X
Falco sparverius American kestrel X X
Fulica americana American coot X
Gallinago delicata Wilson's snipe X
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME STATUS1
SOURCE
DATABASE2 WRA3
Geothlypis trichas common yellowthroat SSC X
Haemorhous mexicanus house finch X X
Haemorhous purpureus purple finch X
Hirundo rustica barn swallow X
Hydroprogne caspia Caspian tern X
Icterus bullockii Bullock's oriole X
Icterus cucullatus hooded oriole X
Ixoreus naevius varied thrush X
Junco hyemalis dark-eyed junco X
Lanius ludovicianus loggerhead shrike SSC X
Larus smithsonianus American herring gull X
Larus californicus California gull X
Larus delawarensis ring-billed gull X
Larus occidentalis western gull X
Megascops kennicottii western screech-owl X
Melanerpes formicivorus acorn woodpecker X
Melanerpes lewis Lewis's woodpecker X
Meleagris gallopavo wild turkey (non-native) X
Melospiza lincolnii Lincoln's sparrow X
Melospiza melodia song sparrow X X
Melozone crissalis California towhee X X
Mimus polyglottos northern mockingbird X
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME STATUS1
SOURCE
DATABASE2 WRA3
Molothrus ater brown-headed Cowbird X
Myadestes townsendi Townsend's solitaire X
Myiarchus cinerascens ash-throated flycatcher X
Numenius americanus long-billed curlew X
Nycticorax nycticorax black-crowned night-heron X
Oreothlypis celata orange-crowned warbler X
Oreothlypis ruficapilla Nashville warbler X
Pandion haliaetus osprey X
Passer domesticus house sparrow (non-native) X
Passerculus sandwichensis savannah sparrow X X
Passerella iliaca fox sparrow X X
Passerina amoena lazuli bunting X
Passerina caerulea blue grosbeak X
Patagioenas fasciata band-tailed pigeon X
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos American white pelican (flyover) SSC X Petrochelidon pyrrhonota cliff swallow X
Phalacrocorax auritus double-crested cormorant X
Phalaenoptilus nuttallii common poorwill X
Phasianus colchicus ring-necked pheasant X
Pheucticus melanocephalus black-headed grosbeak X
Picoides nuttallii Nuttall's woodpecker X
Picoides pubescens downy woodpecker X X
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME STATUS1
SOURCE
DATABASE2 WRA3
Picoides villosus hairy woodpecker X
Pipilo maculatus spotted towhee X X
Piranga ludoviciana western tanager X
Poecile rufescens chestnut-backed chickadee X
Polioptila caerulea blue-gray gnatcatcher X
Pooecetes gramineus vesper sparrow X
Porzana carolina sora X
Psaltriparus minimus bushtit X
Rallus limicola Virginia rail X
Regulus calendula ruby-crowned kinglet X X
Regulus satrapa golden-crowned kinglet X
Salpinctes obsoletus rock wren X
Sayornis nigricans black phoebe X X
Sayornis saya Say's phoebe X X
Selasphorus rufus rufous hummingbird X
Selasphorus sasin Allen's hummingbird X
Setophaga coronata yellow-rumped warbler X X
Setophaga nigrescens black-throated gray warbler X
Setophaga occidentalis hermit warbler X
Setophaga petechia yellow warbler SSC X
Sialia mexicana western bluebird X X
Sitta canadensis red-breasted nuthatch X
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME STATUS1
SOURCE
DATABASE2 WRA3
Sitta carolinensis white-breasted nuthatch X
Sphyrapicus ruber red-breasted sapsucker X
Spinus lawrencei Lawrence's goldfinch X
Spinus pinus pine siskin X
Spinus psaltria lesser goldfinch X X
Spinus tristis American goldfinch X X
Spizella passerina chipping sparrow X
Stelgidopteryx serripennis northern rough-winged swallow X Streptopelia decaocto Eurasian collared-dove (non-native) X Sturnella neglecta western meadowlark X X
Sturnus vulgaris European starling (non-native) X X
Tachycineta bicolor tree swallow X
Tachycineta thalassina violet-green swallow X
Thryomanes bewickii Bewick's wren X
Tringa melanoleuca greater yellowlegs X
Troglodytes aedon house wren X
Turdus migratorius American robin X
Tyto furcata American barn owl X
Vireo cassinii Cassin's vireo X
Vireo gilvus warbling vireo X
Vireo huttoni Hutton's vireo X
Zenaida macroura mourning dove X X
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME STATUS1
SOURCE
DATABASE2 WRA3
Zonotrichia atricapilla golden-crowned sparrow X X
Zonotrichia leucophrys white-crowned sparrow X X
Reptiles
Elgaria multicarinata southern alligator lizard X
Pituophis catenifer gopher snake X
Sceloporus occidentalis western fence lizard X
Thamnophis atratus aquatic garter snake X
Thamnophis elegans western terrestrial garter snake X
Amphibians
Batrachoseps attenuatus California slender salamander X Pseudacris regilla Pacific treefrog (chorus frog) X X
Taricha torosa California newt X
1 GBEPA = Golden and Bald Eagle Protection Act species; SFP = State Fully Protected Species; SSC = State Species of Special Concern; ST = State Threatened.
2 Listed compiled from a review of eBird (2025) and iNaturalist (2025). 3 Observations restricted to WRA’s January 17, 2025 site visit. 173
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SPECIAL JOINT CITY COUNCIL/OPEN SPACE,
ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION, AND SUSTAINABILITY
COMMISSION AGENDA
JUNE 17, 2025
STAFF REPORT
BUSINESS
ITEM NUMBER: 2.
TITLE
Work Plan Fiscal Year 2025/26
RECOMMENDATION
Adopt a Minute Order approving the Open Space, Ac0ve Transporta0on, and Sustainability Commission Work Plan for Fiscal Year 2025/26.
CONTACT
Jason B. Holley, City Manager
BACKGROUND & ANALYSIS
The City Council formed the Open Space, Ac0ve Transporta0on, and Sustainability (OSATS) Commission in 2022 (Attachments 1 & 2).
Per these guidelines, the Commission serves in an advisory capacity to the City Council and staff.
Each fiscal year, the Commission develops a Work Plan for the upcoming fiscal year. The Work Plan will list issues and projects to be addressed by the Commission and should be consistent with the Council's adopted goals and priori0es pertaining to open space, ac0ve transporta0on, and sustainability. On May 7, 2025, the Commission, along with staff support, developed the dra? Work Plan for Fiscal Year 2025/26 (Attachment 3).
For issues and projects that come up during the year that are out of the realm of the approved Work Plan and would require significant staff 0me or City funds, the Commission should determine if it is feasible to wait un0l the next fiscal year to address the issue or project. If the Commission determines that the issue or project should be addressed in the current fiscal year, a recommenda0on for modifica0on of the Work Plan will need to be submiCed to the Council for considera0on. This recommenda0on to the Work Plan will need to indicate which issues or projects will be postponed or removed to accommodate and add the new issue or project.
Accomplishments
The Commission reviewed and commented on the following projects: Clark Ranch Fuel Reduc0on and Replan0ng Plan, Newell Open Space Improvements, Green Island Road Class 1 Trail, and the 197
Wetlands Edge Enhancement Project.
The following projects are in progress or have been completed: The Newell Open Space Improvement project was completed earlier this year and included a new paved parking lot and enhanced trailhead. Two EV charging sta0ons were installed at City Hall this past spring. The Wetlands Enhancement Project, which includes the installa0on of an outdoor educa0on classroom, restroom, and interpre0ve garden, is currently under construc0on. The Knightsbridge and Rancho Del Mar u0lity and paving projects are also underway. The Green Island Road reconstruc0on and widening project has been awarded a contract with an es0mated start date of July 2025. The Northampton Shade and Park Restroom projects, along with the Silver Oak Park Restroom project, are currently in the design phase. Lastly, the Recycled Water Fill Sta0on project is currently in development, with planning and coordinating efforts actively underway.
The Commission formalized and developed trail standards for the Newell Open Space Preserve, received approval from the Land Trust of Napa County to allow Class 1 electric bikes within the property, and reviewed and provided feedback on the dra? Newell Open Space Management Plan on three separate occasions. Addi0onally, staff engaged WRA Environmental Consultants to conduct a biological survey of mammals, amphibians, and birds within the property and to assist in dra?ing the updated Management Plan, which is now in its final stages of review and adop0on by the City Council.
The Commission is currently working with the Napa County Bicycle Coali0on on submiGng an applica0on to the League of American Bicyclists for the designa0on of being recognized as a Bicycle Friendly Community. Addi0onally, the Commission is working with NVTA on the update of the combined county-wide Bicycle and Pedestrian Plan.
City staff engaged RRM Design Group, a consul0ng firm, to assist in upda0ng the Parks and Community Services Master Plan. RRM is currently under contract, and staff held a kickoff mee0ng in January 2025 to discuss the planning process. Addi0onally, RRM met with the OSATS Commission on May 7th to discuss the purpose and objec0ve of the project, gathered input through a valuesbased survey, and responded to questions.
The Commission received a presenta0on from Marin Clean Energy (MCE) regarding their program, and understanding the percentage of "Deep Green" users within American Canyon. The following Work Plan initiatives are on hold:
Engage and receive a presentaon from the East Contra Costa County Habitat Conservancy on the Habitat Conservaon Plan and the Natural Community Conservaon Plan- before we receive a presenta0on, the Council would like to coordinate a two-by-two mee0ng with South County representatives, as this would be a regional county effort.
Community Engagement about sustainability iniaves and the Interim Climate Acon Plan - this ini0a0ve is on hold un0l the Regional Climate Ac0on and Adapta0on Plan (RCAAP) is adopted. This regional ini0a0ve is designed to help guide and inform the development of a 198
more localized plan, including the Interim Climate Ac0on Plan. Finalizing the RCAAP first will provide essen0al context and direc0on, par0cularly regarding implementa0on strategies and priorities for specific initiatives at the local level.
Looking Ahead
The OSATS Commission, alongside the Parks and Community Services Commission, will con0nue the process of upda0ng the Parks and Community Services Master Plan. This process will include various community engagement opportuni0es through tabling at community events and hos0ng an open house, meeting with key stakeholders, and completing a community survey.
NVTA is in the process of upda0ng the Countywide Bicycle and Pedestrian Plan. They will be coordina0ng with all jurisdic0ons throughout the process, focusing on the exis0ng bicycle and pedestrian inventory and proposed network changes. Addi0onally, the Commission con0nues to collaborate with the Napa County Bicycle Coali0on to complete the League of American Bicyclists applica0on for the designa0on as a Bicycle Friendly Community. As part of our ongoing efforts to promote safe and respecJul trail use, the Commission will also work on establishing courtesy trail signage that includes suggested trail e0queCe rules and recommended bicycle speed limits. As part of the Commission's ac0ve transporta0on efforts, the Public Works Department will provide a presenta0on on the concept of 'Complete Streets' and its applica0on to Capital Improvement Program street projects.
As part of the Commission's ongoing sustainability efforts, the Commission will review the Regional Climate Ac0on and Adapta0on Plan (RCAAP). The Commission also has a desire to "map" the sustainability ini0a0ves within the General Plan by iden0fying and compiling all related policies and ac0ons. This will help the Commission gain a clearer understanding of the City's exis0ng sustainability commitments and better track progress toward implementation.
And lastly, the Commission will provide input on the design of open space, ac0ve transporta0on, and sustainability projects in the current Capital Improvement Program, and review future projects.
COUNCIL PRIORITY PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS
Organizational Effectiveness: "Deliver exemplary government services."
FISCAL IMPACT
The annual cost to convene the Commission on a monthly basis is approximately $30,000. These costs are included in the FY2025/26 Budget - primarily through staffing allocations.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
None
ATTACHMENTS:
199
1. Ordinance No. 2023-01: Chapter 2.30 to Municipal Code
2. OSATS Resolution 2022-R112
3. Draft Work Plan FY2025/26
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ORDINANCE NO. 2023- 01
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF AMERICAN CANYON ADOPT TO AN ORDINANCE REGARDING THE ADDITION OF CHAPTER 2. 30 TO THE AMERICAN CANYON MUNICIPAL CODE CREATING
THE OPEN SPACE, ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION, AND SUSTAINABILITY COMMISSION The Council of the City of American Canyon does hereby ordain as follows:
SECTION 1. A new Chapter is hereby added to the American Canyon Municipal Code regarding the creation of an Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission, to read as follows:
CHAPTER 2. 30 OPEN SPACE, ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION, AND SUSTAINABILITY COMMISSION Section 2. 30. 010
Section 2. 30. 020
Section 2. 30. 030
Section 2. 30. 040
Section 2. 30. 050
Section 2. 30. 060
Creation of the Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission/ Terms of Commissioners
Jurisdiction and Functions of Commission
Compensation of Commissioners
Designation of Chairperson and Vice Chairperson, Committees and Staff Time and Place of Meetings, Definition of Commission Quorum Commission Rules and Records
Section 2. 30. 010 Creation of the Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission/ Terms of Commissioners.
There is created an Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission for the City of American Canyon. It shall consist of five ( 5) members, appointed in the manner and for the terms prescribed in Sections 2. 04.70 and 2.8. 010, respectively, of this Code.
Section 2. 30. 020 Jurisdiction and Functions of Commission.
A. The Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission for the City of American Canyon shall perform all functions as described below and shall serve in an advisory capacity to City staff and the City Council.
B. The functions, powers, and duties of the Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission shall include the review of issues referred to the Commission by the City Council, the City Manager, and City staff, residents, or organizations of the City; to provide advice, comment and make recommendations regarding such issues as requested; to organize or facilitate community benefit activities or functions; and other duties as assigned by the City Council.
C. Areas of purview of the Commission shall include, but not be limited to, review and provide input on plans and policy documents supporting Open Space, Active 201
Transportation, and Sustainability efforts, and recognize further Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability efforts needed.
D. The City Council may from time to time refer a matter to the Commission for review, comment, recommendation, and action. All actions of the Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission are subject to appeal to the City Council by any person or organization affected by such action through the procedures set forth in Chapter 2. 04 of this Code.
E. All actions taken by the Commission shall be reported by City Staff to the City Clerk and shall be placed on the next regular agenda of the City Council after receipt of the report by the City Clerk. Actions taken by the Commission shall not be considered final until the City Council has heard and further considered the matter or has determined that further consideration of the matter is not required. When placed on the agenda of the City Council, the City Council may elect to consider the matter and may schedule the matter for a hearing of public hearing before the City Council. The City Council shall consider any appeal of an action taken by the Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission by an interested person or organization through the procedures set forth in Chapter 2. 04 of this Code. The decision of the City Council, after considering or hearing the matter shall be final.
Section 2. 30. 030 Compensation of Commissioners.
The members of the Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission shall each receive compensation payable out of the general fund of the City, provided adequate funds have been budgeted, therefore, in the amount of one hundred and five dollars ($ 105. 00) per meeting. Standing or temporary committee or subcommittee members shall not be compensated. The compensation for Commissioners prescribed herein shall be exclusive of any amount payable as reimbursement for actual or necessary expenses authorized by the City Council and incurred in the performance of official duties for the City.
Section 2. 30. 040 Designation of Chairperson and Vice Chairperson, Committees, and Staff.
A. Designation of the Chairperson and Vice Chairperson for the Commission shall be governed by section 2.8.0 of this Code.
B. The Commission may, from time to time, create committees or subcommittees to study issues, to perform work on behalf of the Commission, to provide a service to the residents, or a segment of the residents, of the City, or to improve the quality of the environment of the City and living conditions of the residents of the City.
C. Standing or temporary committee or subcommittee shall have at least one Commissioner assigned to the committees. The Commission shall make appointments of 202
committee and subcommittee members with the approval of the City Manager or designee.
D. The City Manager may appoint a department head, or other staff, and provide compensation for their services as may be authorized by the City Council and by an annual City Budget.
Section 2. 30. 050 Time and Place of Meetings, Definition of Commission Quorum.
A. The Commission shall hold at least one regular meeting each month at such time, date, and place designated by the Commission. The Chairperson or a majority of the Commission, after giving notice to the Commissioners, and to any media and members of the public who have previously requested such notices in writing, so that the notice is received at least twenty- four (24) hours before the meeting, may hold a special meeting.
B. A majority of the Commissioners shall constitute a quorum.
Section 2. 30. 060 Commission Rules and Records.
The Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission shall adopt rules for the transaction of its business and shall keep a public record of its resolutions, transactions, findings, recommendations, and actions. Minutes of the Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission meetings shall be filed with the City Clerk.
SECTION 2. EFFECTIVE DATE. This ordinance shall take effect thirty ( 30) days after its adoption.
SECTION 3. SEVERABILITY. The ordinance shall be liberally constructed to achieve its purpose and preserve its validity. If any provision or clause of this ordinance or application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications of this ordinance which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application. To this end, the provisions of this ordinance are declared to be servable and are intended to have independent validity.
The foregoing ordinance was introduced and read at aregular meeting of the City Council of the City of American Canyon, State of California, held on the 17th day of January, 2023, by the following vote:
AYES: Councilmembers Aboudamous, Joseph, Oro, Vice Mayor Washington, and Mayor Garcia NOES: None
ABSTAIN: None
ABSENT: None
203
The foregoing ordinance was adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of American Canyon, State of California, held on the 7th day of February, 2023, by the following vote:
AYES: Councilmembers Aboudamous, Joseph, Oro, Vice Mayor Washington, and Mayor Garcia NOES: None
ABSTAIN: None
ABSENT: None
ATTEST:
Leon Garcia, Mayor
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
Taresa Geilfuss, CMC, C' Clerk William D. Ross, City Attorney 204
RESOLUTION NO 2022- R112
A RESOLUTION FO THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF AMERICAN CANYON RECONSTITUTING
THE OPEN SPACE ADVISORY COMMITTEE AS THE OPEN SPACE, ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION, AND SUSTAINABILITY COMMISSION, AND APPROVING THE COMMISSION' SFISCAL YEAR 2022/023
WORK PLAN
WHEREAS, the City of American Canyon has always been supportive of open space preservation and enhancement and such support has been integrated into the City' s General Plan ( for
example, the Vision Statement notes we should " capitalize on the unique environmental setting of the foothills river valleys and agriculture") and
WHEREAS, the General Plan ' Parks and Recreation Element advocates for trail systems that connect the river areas with residential neighborhoods and open space areas in the foothills, and WHEREAS, in 1999, the City was fortunate to receive 640 acres of foothill open space as a result of a generous donation from Jack and Bernice Newell and WHEREAS, at approximately the same time, the City received a $ 3 million CalFed Grant to acquire and restore 460 acres of wetlands on our western border and WHEREAS, connecting the wetlands and Newell Open Space through a network of trails and bike paths is important to enhance public access and enjoyment and WHEREAS, the City Council formally recognized the efforts to establish preserve and enhance open space in and around American Canyon through the establishment of the Open Space Advisory Committee (OSAC) as a standing "citizen s advisory committee ( Resolution 2005- 83) and WHEREAS, the City Council formally designated the OSAC as the City s Bicycle Advisory Committee in November 2010 ( Resolution 2010 115) and
WHEREAS, the City Council desires to reconstitute the OSAC as a new commission having purview over issues of ' open space active transportation' and sustainability and WHEREAS, the role of the new Open Space Active Transportation and Sustainability Commission OSATS Commission) is to review and provide input on various plans and policy documents prepared by staff ( and consultants) before they are eventually considered by the Council NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED the City Council hereby rescinds Resolution 2005- 83 and Resolution 2010 115 in order to reconstitute the former Open Space Advisory Committee as the new Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission and NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City Council establishes a five member Open Space Active Transportation and Sustainability Commission ( OSATS Commission) pursuant 205
to American Canyon Municipal Code Chapter 2 28 ( Boards and Commissions Generally) for the purpose of supporting open space active transportation and sustainability efforts in and around American Canyon, and
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City Council endorses the OSATS Commission' sreview and input on plans and policy documents supporting the following Open Space' efforts and recognizes there may be future efforts needed, subject to Council review and confirmation
Restoration of the wetlands on the City' s western border to improve the eco system in the Bay Area and provide public water access, and
Updates to the General Plan, Parks and Open Space Master Plan, Newell Management Plan, Newell Grazing Plan, and other plans, and
Open space, trails, and public access development, such as Clarke Ranch, re use of the Corporation Yard Jaegar Open Space, and other open space areas, and Trail use rules and regulations and trail maintenance and repair standards, and Volunteer conservation programs and projects, wildlife monitoring, and improvements or alterations to City owned open space property, and
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City Council endorses the OSATS Commission s review and input on plans and policy documents supporting the following ' Active Transportation" efforts and recognizes there may be future efforts needed, subject to Council review and confirmation
Updates to the Citywide Bike Plan
Updates to the Citywide Pedestrian Plan
Updates Active Transportation Development Standards
Awards and recognitions such as the Bicycle Friendly Community designation NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City Council endorses the OSATS Commission s review and input on plans and policy documents supporting the following Sustainability efforts and recognizes there may be future efforts needed subject to Council review and confirmation
Countywide Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory
Regional Climate Action Plan
Climate Action Interim Plan for City of American Canyon NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the OSATS Commission shall support staff s open space active transportation and sustainability efforts by reviewing and providing comment on plans and policy documents funding programs the annual Capital Improvement Program CIP) CIP Project design documents and/ or serving on technical advisory committees 206
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the OSATS Commission shall draw upon the expertise of its members and other sources to provide advice to the City Council regarding open space active transportation and sustainability efforts
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that Commissioners serve as liaisons with the community regarding open space, active transportation, and sustainability efforts, keeping staff and the Council informed of issues and concerns
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that this Resolution does not constitute authority for Commissioners or the OSATS Commission to perform operational or management functions or to make decisions on behalf of the City
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that OSATS Commission shall develop an annual work plan regarding open space, active transportation and sustainability efforts for approval by the City Council
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that City Council hereby approved the OSATS Commission' sFY 2022/3 Annual Work Plan attached hereto as Exhibit " A and incorporated by reference
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED the City Council formally designates the Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission as the City' s Bicycle Advisory Committee, and
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that this Resolution shall take effect immediately upon adoption
PASSES, APPROVED and ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of American Canyon on the 20th of December 2022 by the following vote AYES Councilmembers Joseph, Oro, Washington Vice Mayor Aboudamous and Mayor Garcia NOES None
ABSTAIN None
ABSENT None
ATTEST
40614
Leon Garcia Mayor
APPROVE AS TO FORM
Y( t"
faresa Geilfuss, CMC, City erk William D Ross City Attorney 207
DATE: June 17, 2025
TO: Mayor and City Council
FROM: Jason Holley, City Manager
CC: Parks and Recreation Director Ikeda
Public Works Director Ahmann Smithies
Community Development Director Cooper
RE: Draft “FY2025/26 Work Plan” for the Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission
____________________________________________________________________________________________ Below is the proposed DRAFT Work Plan for FY2025/26 for the Open Space, Active Transportation, and Sustainability Commission.
1. Update the Parks and Community Services Master Plan.
2. Continue to work on the Bicycle Friendly Community Designation
3. Establish courtesy trail signage, including suggested bicycle speed limits
4. Review the Regional Climate Action and Adaptation Plan
5. Map Sustainability Initiatives from the General Plan
6. Receive and file a presentation from Public Works on the concept of ‘Complete Streets’ and it application to Capital Improvement Program (CIP) street projects
7. Provide input on the design for open space, active transportation, and sustainability projects in the current Capital Improvement Program
8. Review the FY26/27 Capital Improvement Program projects pertaining to open space, active transportation, and sustainability
208