CPUC’s 2022 Unified RA and IRP Modeling Datasets 39, and CEC’s 2021 IEPR Energy Demand Forecast 40.
This process is discussed in additional detail in Section X. Transportation Electrification.
Table 4: Anaheim EVs and Emission Savings per Vehicle
CY APU Cumulative Annual EV Demand
(MWh)
Annual Avoided GHG Emissions
(MTCO2e)
2023 53,680 5,115
2024 70,355 7,122
2025 87,030 9,081
2026 103,705 11,924
2027 120,379 14,216
2028 137,054 16,958
2029 153,729 19,884
2030 170,404 22,996
2031 187,078 29,496
2032 203,753 36,753
2033 220,428 44,767
2034 237,103 53,540
2035 253,778 59,362
2036 270,953 64,700
2037 288,127 68,954
2038 305,302 73,226
2039 322,477 77,516
2040 339,652 81,824
2041 356,827 86,151
2042 374,002 90,495
2043 391,177 94,858
2044 408,352 99,239
2045 425,527 103,638
Based on these estimates, APU could avoid 18,046 MTCO2e of GHG annually associated with electric vehicle charging demand within the service territory by the year 2030. As APU’s power su pply portfolio integrates more renewable resources, the electricity used to serve EV charging demand will become cleaner, thus resulting in greater GHG emissions avoidance. Forecasted avoided GHG emissions are estimated to be 94,705 MTCO2e by 2045, or 425% greater than 2030, despite estimated EV demand only increasing 190% across the same time period.
39 https://www.cpuc.ca.gov/industries-and-topics/electrical-energy/electric-power-procurement/long-term-procurement-planning/2022-irp-cycle- events-and-materials/unified-ra-and-irp-modeling-datasets-2022 40 https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/reports/integrated-energy-policy-report/2021-integrated-energy-policy-report/2021-1 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
IX. Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction
Anaheim Public Utilities
EMISSION REDUCTION TARGET – SYSTEM ENERGY DEMAND
Senate Bill 350, the Clean Energy and Pollution
Reduction Act of 2015 (Chapter 547, Statutes of
2015) (SB 350) requires the California Public
Utilities Commission (CPUC) and the California
Energy Commission (Energy Commission) to
establish IRP processes to ensure that load ‐serving
entities (LSEs) and qualifying publicly owned
utilities (POUs)
41 meet the GHG emission
reduction targets established by the California Air
Resources Board (CARB) for the electricity sector
and each LSE and POU for the year 2030.
CARB, in conjunction with CEC, developed utility-specific GHG reduction planning target ranges for California POUs as mandated through the passage of SB 350. Finalized utility-specific GHG reduction target ranges were most recently updated in March 2021.
While CARB is ultimately responsible for setting the GHG reduction target ranges for all utilities, the CEC released a memo titled “Energy Commission Staff Recommended Methodology for Setting POU-Specific GHG Emission Reduction Targets for Integrated Resource Planning” dated April 12, 2018. In this memo, the CEC provided guidance and recommended POU GHG reduction planning targets to inform and assist the CARB with establishing the official target planning ranges. At its July 2018 board meeting, the CARB Board approved the SB 350 GHG planning target ranges for all IRP utilities. As of the writing of the 2023 IRP, it is not expected that CARB will update the GHG reduction targets it established in March 2021 until a later date.
The CEC’s methodology, subsequently established by CARB, range of GHG reduction targets for APU between 305,000 and 538,000 MTCO 2e.
This proposed target range represents an approximate emission level between 77% - 87% below APU’s 1990 emission levels. This GHG reduction range is significantly greater than the statewide targeted reduction of 40% below 1990 emission levels established by SB 32, and lower bound of the range would be difficult to achieve without significantly increasing APU power supply costs, while maintaining reliability.
However, the final 2022 Scoping Plan ap proved by CARB outlined that a decreasing range of electric utility sector emission targets needed to meet the state’s GHG reduction goal of more than 80% below 1990 levels. The sector targets range from 38 million to 30 million MTCO 2e and decrease
closer to 2030. APU serves approximately 1% of the state’s electrical demand and thus has a target of 386,000 MTCO2e beginning in 2023 and decreasing to a target of 305,000 MTCO2e by the state’s 2030 goal date.
41 The IRP requirement applies only to POUs with annual demand exceeding 700 GWh.
CARB’s adopted target
range represents an
approximate emission level
between 77% - 87% below
APU’s 1990 emission levels.
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Graph 66: APU GHG Emission for System Energy Demand
APU’s resource portfolio will be coal-free by mid-2025 and, at a minimum, 60% of APU’s electricity deliveries will come from renewable energy resources. Based on current law and regulations, APU’s Reliability Portfolio under the 2023 IRP will achieve the upper bound of the proposed GHG reduction target range (83%); however, the lower bound of the range (i.e., 87% GHG reduction) will not be achieved without cost impacts. This not an isolated issue facing AP U and is outlined in the Joint Agency SB 100 report 42, published in 2021, which outlined the viability and difficulties in serving California demand with 100% zero-carbon resources. This report identified that achieving a 100% zero-carbon by 2045 was achievable but would require significant costs and unprecedented renewable resource build rates. Fulfilling the more stringent 87% GHG reduction target would cause a significant rate impact to APU customers as it would require the shutdown, fuel conversion, or “stranding,” of a very reliable and efficient baseload natural gas resource Magnolia Power Plant, which has 20- years of unavoidable debt service costs that would st ill need to be paid by APU customers in addition to replacement renewable resources. APU is closely following relevant regulatory proceedings and will work with CARB and CEC to recommend sensible methodologies to further reduce APU carbon emissions, such as accounting for the effect of electric vehicle (EV) penetration on emission reduction.
42 https://www.energy.ca.gov/publications/2021/2021-sb-100-joint-agency-report-achieving-100-percent-clean-electricity
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X. Transportation Electrification
Anaheim Public Utilities
X. TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION
Transportation Electrification (TE) is the transition from fossil-fuel powered vehicles to vehicles powered by clean and sustainable electricity. This includes passenger and commercial automobiles as well as transit buses and medium to heavy-duty trucks. APU’s holistic efforts related to TE date back to 2012, soon after modern EVs became commercially available. APU had a vision to facilitate customers’ interests in EVs by addressing EV readiness, charging infrastructure plans, financial tools for customers, ease of permitting, and enhanced customer service. Since then, APU has developed various programs and continues to support TE while providing environmentally sustainable and competitively priced power.
A. Quantification, Characterization, and Location
LOAD IMPACT AND GHG EMISSION REDUCTIONS
APU’s incremental EV load averages 17 GWh annually from 2023 to 2035. This results in a cumulative EV load of 134 GWh in 2030, which is more than double the 2018 IRP forecast of 63 GWh in 2030. By 2035, the estimated cumulative EV load reaches 217 GWh, or 9.7% of the total system load. The forecast is derived from the CEC 2021 Integrated Energy Policy Report (IEPR) Energy Demand Forecast and the CPUC 2022 Unified RA and IRP Modeling Datasets. More details can be found under VI. Energy Demand and Peak Forecasts.
Graph 67: Estimated Electric Vehicle Energy Demand Growth The CEC’s Transportation Electrification Common Assumptions workbook is not available for the 2023 IRP. -
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 GWh
Non-EV System Energy Demand EV System Energy Demand
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To estimate GHG emission savings from transportation electrification, APU adopts the emissions savings or credit generation equation per section 95486.1(a) of the Low Carbon Fuel Standards (LCFS) regulation. 43 GHG emission reductions is estimated to increase as a result of annual EV energy demand growth and grid supplied renewable resources. This is calculated by comparing APU’s cumulative EV energy demand with the decrease of carbon intensity (CI) values of gasoline versus electricity, adjusted for the energy economy ratios.
The CI values for gasoline and electricity are both estimated to decrease as a more stringent gasoline benchmark is introduced, and the State’s RPS and zero emission ta rgets increase. However, the electricity CI values are expected to decrease at a rate fast er than the gasoline benchm ark values, reaching zero electricity CI in 2045.
Even with conservative as sumptions beyond 2036 (assuming market satu ration), it is estimated that by 2045, avoided emissions will be 94,705 MT CO2e due to EV conversion and the electricity sector reaching the State’s 100% zero emissions goal.
Graph 68: Estimated GHG Emission Reduction Summary
43 https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020-07/2020_lcfs_fro_oal-approved_unofficial_06302020.pdf -
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000GHG Avoided (MT CO2e)
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EV CHARGING STATIONS
According to the Alternative Fuels Data Center44 of
the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and internal
tracking data, within the City of Anaheim there are
a total of 589 public acces s charging stations (507
Level 2 stations, and 82 DC Fast Charging stations)
as of October 2022. These charging stations include
both privately-owned charging stations and the
above-mentioned public access charging stations
under APU control.
The 2018 IRP Customer Survey results indicated
that residential customers who anticipated acquiring
an EV within the next three years were spread evenly
throughout APU’s service territory. Additionally,
about half of the customers surveyed lived in multi-
family dwellings, signifying the potential need for
public access EV charging stations. APU’s public char ging stations will provide EV owners geographical convenience for their fueling options.
Graph 69: EV Charging Stations within APU Service Territory
44 U.S. Department of Energy’s Alternative Fuels Data Center, http://www.afdc.energy.gov/data_download. February 2023 Photo 7: Charging Stations at Anaheim Regional Transportation Intermodal Center
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Utilities Fleet
APU’s Fleet consists of 174 vehicles and is broken down by class: light-duty vehi cles, medium-duty vehicles, and heavy-duty vehicles. Below are the number of vehicles broken down by class:
LDV MDV HDV Total
APU Fleet 96 47 31 174
For light duty vehicles, there are 34 passenger
vehicles of which 26 vehicles (76%) consist of EVs
and hybrid EVs. It is APU’s goal to replace 100%
of its passenger vehicles with EVs or hybrid EVs
by 2024. The other 62 LDVs consist of work vans
and small pick-up trucks. These will be replaced as
electric vans and trucks become available from
vehicle manufacturers.
APU operates a diverse range of medium and
heavy-duty vehicles which serves both residential
and commercial customers. South Coast Air
Quality Management Dist rict (AQMD), California
Air Resources Board (CARB), and Department of Energy (DOE) has a number of programs and regulations limiting APU purchases of light-duty, medium-duty, and heavy-duty vehicles with zero-emission vehicles (ZEV). Additionally, because of thes e limiting factors, vehicle manufacturers are forced to produce and sell ZEVs in California. The US market growth for medium-duty and heavy-duty EVs is projected to occur based on more models, a continued decline in battery
prices, and increased support from policymakers.
APU will continue to convert older and higher-
polluting vehicles to EVs as they become
available from vehicle manufacturers.
APU continues to operate a hybrid electric bucket
truck. The performance of the hybrid bucket
truck is less than average and is seeking other
experiences with hybrid bucket trucks from
surrounding Utilities. APU will continue to
evaluate technological readiness for the
electrification of hybrid bucket trucks.
It is worth mentioning that APU owns an electric
forklift and an electric burden carrier used in the
warehouse to transport heavy materials and
equipment within the Utilities’ complex.
Photo 8: Early Model Electric Toyota RAV-4 Used by APU
for Fleet Testing
Photo 9: Hybrid Electric Bucket Truck
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Anaheim Public Utilities
B. Transportation Electrification Programs
APU’s transportation electrification programs including the following:
B.1. EMPLOYEE WORKPLACE CHARGING PROGRAM
To the extent possible, APU offers its employees and th e City’s employees access to its EV charging stations located in employee and fleet parking facilities. APU is currently developing projects to expand the number of charging stations at high EV traffic City locations.
B.2. EV RATES
APU offers residential customers an optional time-based rate schedule (Developmental Schedule D-EV of City of Anaheim’s Electric Rates, Rules and Regulations, available online at http://www.anaheim.net/documentcenter/view/1248). The Customer Charge is $5.00 per month. From July 1 through October 31, the rates are $0.2634 per
kWh and $0.1117 per kWh for energy used to
charge electric vehicles during on-peak and off-
peak hours, respectively. From November 1
through June 30, the rates are $0.2563 per kWh and
$0.1056 per kWh for energy used to charge electric
vehicles during on-peak and off-peak hours,
respectively. On-peak hours are 3:00 p.m. to 10:00
p.m. everyday all year long, and all other hours are
off-peak. APU recently suspended new customers
from signing up for this rate schedule based on the shift towards virtual submetering. Once virtual submetering is readily available and integrated into APU’s Customer Information System, this rate option will be modified and made available. A whole house TOU rate is still available to customers.
APU also offers commercial customers with electric vehicles an optional time-based rate schedule (Developmental Schedule D-EV-2 of City of Anaheim’s Electric Rates, Rules and Regulations, available online at http://www.anaheim.net/documentcenter/view/20547), with two rate options. Both rate options include a Customer Charge and on-peak, mid-peak, and off-peak energy charges for the summer and winter seasons; one option does not include demand charges and the other includes demand charges wi th relatively low energy charges. The summer season runs from July 1 through October 31 and the winter season runs from November 1 through June 30. On-peak hours are 4:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. summer week days except holidays; mid-peak hours are 6:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. and 9:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. summer weekdays except holidays, and 6:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. winter weekdays except holidays; and all other hours are off-peak.
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B.3. PUBLIC EV PROGRAMS FOR CUSTOMERS INCLUDING DISADVANTAGED
COMMUNITIES
B.3.1. Private Access EV Charger Rebate Program (2012 – Current) This program offers rebates to residential, commercial, and industrial customers who install Level 2 or higher EV chargers at their home or business without being made available to the public. This program was initially implemented with a rebate of up to $1,500 per charger for early adopters and has reduced the rebate amount over time as participation has increased.
Previously, APU reimbursed customers for out-
of-pocket expenses up to $400 per any Level 2
EV charging station or up to $1,000 per
networked charger and also required the
customer to sign up for APU’s Time-of-Use Rate.
A customer can receive a maximum of two EV
charger rebates. Eligible expenses include the cost
of the charger and the cost of installation. In
addition to the rebate, APU pays the City’s
permitting fees for the EV charger.
To help expand access to EV adoption, APU increased reimbursement amounts for customers with out-of-pocket expenses to $1,500 for any level 2 charging station, and $3,000 per networked charger and enrollment in APU’s Time-of-Use rate. Eligible expenses include the cost to upgrade the panel, the cost of the charger, and the cost of installation. In addition to the rebate, APU continues to pay the City’s permitting fees for the customer’s EV charger.
Since the program’s inception in 2012, APU has issued rebates for a total of 364 EV chargers. Total rebates expenditures sum up to $350,138. Rebates paid between 2012 and 2018 were funded by APU’s Business Development budget. Since 2019, funding for these rebates is dependent upon proceeds from the sale of Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) credits.
B.3.2. Public Access EV Charging Station Rebate Program (2016 – Current) Commercial, Municipal and Multi-Unit Dwellings
The Public Access EV Charging Station Rebate Program provides rebates of actual equipment and installation costs up to $5,000 per EV charging stat ion and up to $10,000 per direct current (DC) fast charging stations at publicly acce ssible areas. This program also reimburses up to $5,000 for costs associated with the installation of a sub-meter, plan check fees (up to $1,500/installation) and pays for City of Anaheim building permit fees ($170/charger) in addition to the rebate.
Disadvantaged Communities, Schools, and DC Fast Charging Charging locations serving Affordable Housing locations or schools and colleges will receive a rebate for actual equipment and installation costs up to $10,000 per EV charging station. This program also reimburses up to $5,000 for costs associated with the installation of a sub-me ter, plan check fees (up
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X. Transportation Electrification
Anaheim Public Utilities
to $1,500/installation) and pays for City of Anaheim building permit fees ($170/charger) in addition to the rebate.
In 2017, APU revised the program design to extend the $10,000 allocation to customers installing direct current (DC) fast charging stations. APU r ecognizes the need for more publicly available EV charging station infrastructure and considers the typical charging duration of 4-8 hours on Level 2 chargers to be a barrier to EV adoption and ownership. The inclusion of DC fast charging stations is intended to alleviate charging anxiety and enhance Anaheim’s EV-friendly environment. The funding for this program is from the proceeds from the sale of LCFS credits.
Since inception, the program has incentivized 188 public access charging stations. The additional $5,000 for locations serving Affordable Housing locations and personaliz ed customer outreach (described more in detail under Education and Outreach Plans below) show APU’s efforts in prioritizing disadvantaged communities.
APU intends to continue offering the rebates and working closely with customers to understand their specific needs and how to best assist them.
B.3.3. Income Qualified EV Ride Sharing Pilot Program
The Income Qualified EV Ride Sharing Pilot Prog ram provides access to EVs for residents who live in multi-family housing in disadvantaged or low income communities that are served by APU and who may not otherwise have access to EVs. This program provides rebates to property owners and property management companies who host EV ride sharing vehicles and make them available for use to their residents. Rebates include up to $24,000 per year for the lease of two (2) EVs, and up to $36,000 per year to cover the cost of licensed driver ridership, for up to three (3) years.
Since inception, the program has incentivized 2 multi-family apartment complexes, and each complex offers 2 EVs for resident use.
B.3.4. EV Fleet Charger and Infrastructure Rebate
The EV Fleet Charger and Infrastructure Rebate offers commercial customers and K-12 school rebates for networked-Level 2 or greater EV chargers and associated EV charger infrastructure upgrades.
Commercial business fleet customers receive $5, 000 per EV Charger, up to $45,000 per site for associated EV charger infrastructure upgrades and up to $5,000 for associated sub-meter installation costs. Additionally, school cust omers receive $10,000 per EV charger, up to $95,000 per site for associated EV charger infrastructure upgrades and up to $5,000 for associated sub-meter installation costs. APU offers a maximum of ten (10) EV charger rebates per year and will pay, on a per reservation basis, the applicable City permit fees, and rebate City plan check fees up to $1,500 and electric service connection fees of up to $2,000. Since incepti on, the program has incentivized 36 fleet charging stations.
B.3.5. DC Fast Charging Plaza
As previously discussed, APU believes DC fast charging stations can help enhance Anaheim’s EV- friendly environment, and APU plans to facilitate DC fast charging plazas in Anaheim. The three major freeway corridors (Interstate 5 freeway, State Route 57, and State Route 91) give Anaheim a unique advantage to host a cluster of DC fast charging stations where EV drivers can quickly refuel their cars 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
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Anaheim Public Utilities
and then get back on the road. In 2019, a DC Fast Charging Plaz a at the Brookh urst Community Center became operational. Anaheim conducted a request for proposal to find a licensee that could lease parking spaces at the Brookhurst Community Center to operate and maintain four DC fast charging stations. EVgo was the successful bidder to install four 50kW DC fast charging stations in this disadvantaged community location.
B.3.6. Clean Fuel Rewards Program
APU is a participant of the California Clean Fuel Rewards (CCFR) program and contributes a portion of the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) credit proceeds to the point-of-sale rebate program. Since the program inception in November 2019, over 3,000 APU customers have taken advantage of the CCFR rebates. Nearly 30% of rebates were awarded to residents in low income and disadvantaged communities. To date, the program achieves over 10 MMT CO2 savings annually.
Note: COE Metric Tons Saved represents the estimated annual sum of the reduced carbon dioxide emissions for the program electric vehicles compared to internal combustion engine vehicles.
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B.4. FUTURE PROGRAMS
B.4.1. Public Space Charging
APU is collaborating with other City
departments including Public Works,
Convention, Sports & Entertainment, Police,
Economic Development, and Community
Services to identify more locations to install
City-owned EV charging stations. In
neighborhoods with high concentrations of
multi-unit dwellings, public spaces such as
parks, community centers, and police stations
are locations where residents can charge their
EV’s. APU developed a rebate program to help
other departments deploys EV charging stations.
B.4.2. Public Access EV Charger & Demand Re sponse Direct Installation Program: Drive Green Anaheim
To help expand public access to EV chargers, AP U developed a new program to provide EV charger direct installation services for commercial customers and multi-family property owners located in low income disadvantaged communities. The new Drive Green Anaheim program offers eligible commercial host sites a turnkey service with no upfr ont costs to design, procure, install, operate and maintain EV chargers for public use. The program will facilitate outreach to eligible commercial and multifamily property host sites, no -cost feasibility studies and master planning services for future EV charger infrastructure development, and no-cost design, procurement, and installation services for EV chargers.
With growing EV demands on the local grid, th e Drive Green Anaheim program will implement demand response services to be able to curtail EV charging during peak hours (between 4-9 PM) or during grid emergencies. Smart EV chargers will be equipped with the capability to scale back charging through remote communications.
B.4.3 Sustainability Education Center
APU is developing a Sustainabilit y Education Center (SEC) to help customers reduce their carbon footprint. The SEC will provide sustainability-themed le arning opportunities to residents, businesses, K-12 students, college students, non-profit youth organizations, and workforce development partners.
The new facility will feature efficiency technologi es, host seminars, provide STEM-related career pathways, and provide utility-relat ed programming. The SEC will demonstrate sustainable resources, energy storage, electric vehicle charging, drought resilience, and how water and electricity get to Anaheim homes and businesses.
It will feature Level 2 EV char ging stations and information pertaining to transportation electrification.
B.4.4 Electric Buses at Anaheim School Districts
Three school districts within APU’s service territory – Savanna School District, Anaheim Elementary School District, and Anaheim Union High School District – each received a $536,000 grant ($496,000
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to purchase two electric buses and $40,000 for char ging infrastructure) from the South Coast Air Quality Management District 45. APU supported the school districts’ electrification efforts with EV charging station and infrastructure incentives, and is working with all school districts by offering master planning services for full build-out of EV charging for their respective fleets.
B.5. MARKET BARRIERS AND SOLUTIONS
APU has observed three main market barriers related to TE:
1. Infrastructure capital costs of charging stations: More grants and incentives may be a solution.
2. Limited parking spaces and Americans with Disabilities Acts (ADA) requirements: Parking spaces are often scarce, especially in popular public areas, and the ADA requirements for disabled access parking spaces may deter the adoption of more charging stations. APU will continue to work with City of Anaheim’s Planning Department in an effort to overcome these barriers.
3. Medium and heavy-duty vehicle availability: Most major automakers producing medium and heavy-duty vehicles have been challenged to elec trify these vehicles because of their high energy requirements, vehicle parity and cost-effectiveness. Increased support from policymakers, grants, and incentives may be part of the solution.
C. Prioritization and Funding Leverage
Where feasible, APU maximizes external funding sources to facilitate transportation electrification. Below is a summary of external grants and credits APU has utilized to enhance the EV charging infrastructure.
INCENTIVES AND GRANTS
1. Mobile Source Air Pollution Reduction Review Committee (MSRC) Local Government Partnership Program (2017-2021):
a. MSRC provided partial funding (totaling $147,883.27) to Anaheim for zero emission vehicles and EV charging infrastructure. APU used the funding to purchase 5 EV’s for its fleet use and installed 16 fleet EV charging stations at Fleet Services Yard, Harbor Police Station, and City Hall.
2. Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) EV Charging Station Study:
a. Staff continues to work with SCAG on the regional study. No expenses were incurred by APU in 2021. APU is one of 18 cities partnering wi th SCAG on this study to help promote the development and deployment of EV charging infrastructure throughout the region. The study includes tailored policy guidance, a region wide Site Suitability Analysis that targets areas for future EV charging infrastructure, with a focus on increasing EV infrastructure in traditionally underserved and hard-to-reach communities including multi- unit dwellings (MUDs) and Disadvantaged Communities (DACs); EV site evaluations; and a Passenger Electric Vehicle (PEV) Infrastructure Plan that will provide a roadmap for cities to spur development of charging stations and support EV adoption. The study also prepares cities towards full
45 South Coast Air Quality Management District, “SCAQMD Awards $8.8 Million for Electric School Buses,” http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default- source/news-archive/2017/scaqmd-awards-$8-8-million-for-electric-school-buses---june-2-2017.pdf 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
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compliance with California Assembly Bill (AB) 1236, which requires cities to update and streamline their EV charging station permitting requirements as well as provides best practices recommended by California Governor’s July 2019 Office of Business and Economic Development (GOBIZ) EV charging Station Permitting Guidebook. Additionally, SCAG attended outreach events at 12 of the participat ing cities to gather stakeholder input, raise project awareness and encourage EV adoption. SCAG hosted a booth at the Anaheim Night Market in Downtown
Anaheim on March 25,
2022 and spoke with
more than 50 attendees
about their interest in
EV’s, with most people
having positive feedback
and encouraged by
future EV growth.
CREDITS
1. Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) Credits:
a. Under the CARB LCFS funding program, APU has reported energy usage and applied for the associated LCFS credits. The reported energy usages are generated from three categories:
APU’s public EV charging stations, residential EV charging data and the electric forklift data within the City of Anaheim. APU sells these LCFS credits through competitive solicitation to generate revenues , which are limited to the be nefit of current and future EV customers in Anaheim.
2. Energy Policy Act (EPAct) Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Credits:
a. Under the Department of Energy’s State and Alternative Fuel Provider Fleet Program, APU filed reports to demonstrate its compliance with EPAct requirements to acquire alternative fuel vehicles. From Model Years 2015 and 2016, APU banked a total of 5 AFV credits. The credits may be sold to generate funding in the future.
D. Education and Outreach Plans
CITY DEPARTMENT ENGAGEMENT EFFORTS
The City of Anaheim’s Planning & Building Department is following the California Green Building Standards Code to prepare for the City’s EV readiness. APU prov ides advice and assistance related to EV charging infrastructure for development projects and works with other City departments regarding other feasible EV Charging projects.
CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT EFFORTS
APU offers a suite of tools and helpful links on its public website ( https://anaheim.net/578/Electric-Vehicles) to encourage customers to research their options prior to purchasing or leasing an EV. Interested customers
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can browse the website to learn about topic areas including charger rebates, EV acronyms, EV shopper tool, FAQ, EV readiness guide, and types of plug-in EVs. Additionally, customers can contact APU’s EV Concierge, a dedicated phone line and an online inquiry form, for further questions and assistance.
EV Ride & Drive Community Events
In 2021, APU hosted an online video competition asking Anaheim EV owners to submit a short video stating “The best part about going electric.” Each participant received a gift card and the winner received an EV bike.
The video was posted to Anaheim Public Utilities social media pages.
Throughout calendar year 2021, APU provided existing and prospective residentia l and non-residential EV customers with detailed information about plug-in EVs and APU’s EV charger rebate programs on the City of Anaheim website and flyers.
APU’s Plug-In Electric Vehicles webpage (http://www.anaheim.net/578/Plug-In-Electric-Vehicles) includes, but is not limited to the following information:
i. EV Charger Rebates offered by APU, including Public Access EV ii. Federal and State EV Incentives
iii. Charging circuit requirements
iv. EV Acronyms
v. EV Buying Guide
vi. EV Frequently Asked Questions
vii. EV Readiness Guide for customers considering an EV Purchase viii. Types of Plug-In Vehicles
ix. City of Anaheim Building Division’s Installation Guidelines x. Links to the US Department of Energy Charging Station Locations and PlugShare xi. Link to the State of California’s Drive Clean Buying Guide xii. Rates and Load Management Techniques
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In 2022, APU hosted free community EV Ride
& Drive events to provide the public with the
ability to test-drive a variety of EV’s from local
dealerships and opportunities to speak with EV
owners about their experience. Recent events
include APU’s Beach Boulevard Sustainability
Fair in April where approximately 60 participants
drove an EV; OC Green Expo in June, where
145participants drove an EV; and the National
Drive Electric Week Ride & Drive event in
September, where 127 participants drove an EV.
Through the events, the public had the
opportunity to learn about the benefits of driving
an EV, including fuel savings compared to utility
usage, and how-to get their residence EV ready.
E. Alignment with State Policy and Local Needs
STATEWIDE GOALS AND POLICIES
California Zero-Emission Vehicle Market Development Strategy Applicable Goals/Policies APU’s Investments
Equity in every decision. The people suffering
the impacts of social, economic, and
environmental burdens are also those closest to
the solutions. Continual, meaningful
engagement and capacity building within priority
communities is key to ensuring that the ZEV
market provides direct and assured benefits to
those most impacted by poor air quality and lack
of access to clean mob ility and high-road jobs.
We actively look for opportunities to implement
community-led ideas and share decision-making
power; each decision or action should
incorporate priority communities’ ideas and
direct feedback.
APU is one of 18 cities partnering with SCAG
on this study to help promote the development
and deployment of EV charging infrastructure
throughout the region. The study includes
tailored policy guidance, a region wide Site
Suitability Analysis that targets areas for future
EV charging infrastructure, with a focus on
increasing EV infrastructure in traditionally
underserved and hard-to-reach communities
including multi-unit dwellings (MUDs) and
Disadvantaged Communities (DACs); EV site
evaluations; and a Passenger Electric Vehicle
(PEV) Infrastructure Plan that will provide a
roadmap for cities to spur development of
charging stations and support EV adoption. The
study also prepares cities towards full
compliance with California Assembly Bill (AB)
1236, which requires cities to update and
streamline their EV charging station permitting
requirements as well as provides best practices
recommended by California Governor’s July
2019 Office of Business and Economic
Development (GOBIZ) EV charging Station
Permitting Guidebook. Additionally, SCAG will
Photo 10: EV Ride & Drive Community Event
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
X. Transportation Electrification
Anaheim Public Utilities
host 22 listening sessions, a virtual meeting
room, and 15 community events to engage with
city stakeholders, industry experts, and local
communities to raise project awareness,
encourage EV adoption and gather community
stakeholder input.
California embraces all zero-emission pathways.
We are technology neutral and actively embrace
and support all viable pathways to zero
emissions through policymaking, funding, and
other state decisions/actions. This includes but
is not limited to new and used battery-electric,
hydrogen fuel-cell electric, and directly
connected electric systems, such as catenary bus
lines, and electrified rail including high-speed
rail, across all vehicle sizes and classes, and
connections to zero-emission transit or other
mobility options.
APU programs are agnostic and encourages
customers to install any brand of EV charging
station that can fuel all types of EVs. The focus
and goal of APU rebate programs are to
encourage EV adoption by incentivizing any
brand of EV infrastructure.
Collective problem-solving. Success depends on
active engagement and collaboration between all
levels of government, industry, non-
governmental organizations (NGOs),
communities, and other engaged stakeholders
(e.g., end users).
APU is one of 18 cities partnering with SCAG
on this study to help promote the development
and deployment of EV charging infrastructure
throughout the region. The study includes
tailored policy guidance, a region wide Site
Suitability Analysis that tar gets areas for future
EV charging infrastructure, with a focus on
increasing EV infrastructure in traditionally
underserved and hard-t o-reach communities
including multi-unit dwellings (MUDs) and
Disadvantaged Communities (DACs); EV site
evaluations; and a Passenger Electric Vehicle
(PEV) Infrastructure Plan that will provide a
roadmap for cities to spur development of
charging stations and support EV adoption. The
study also prepares cities towards full
compliance with California Assembly Bill (AB)
1236, which requires cities to update and
streamline their EV charging station permitting
requirements as well as provides best practices
recommended by Californ ia Governor’s July
2019 Office of Business and Economic
Development (GOBIZ) EV charging Station
Permitting Guidebook. Additionally, SCAG will
host 22 listening sessions, a virtual meeting
room, and 15 community events to engage with
city stakeholders, industry experts, and local
communities to raise project awareness,
encourage EV adoption and gather community
stakeholder input. SCAG study has community
focus group data.
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
X. Transportation Electrification
Anaheim Public Utilities
APU’s website offers customers information
about Federal and State incentives in additional
to those offered by the City. Such incentives
include Federal Tax Credits through the US
Department of Energy and the Statewide Clean
Fuel Rewards Program. Below is the link to
APU’s site directing customers to these sites:
https://anaheim.net/578/Electric-Vehicles
APU actively participates in the EV Working
Group of Southern California Public Power
Authority (SCPPA) to coordinate efforts and
share experiences with other publicly owned
utilities
Public actions drive greater private investment to
scale investable markets. Public and private
sector actors have unique, complementary roles
to play in scaling the ZEV market. Public
policies and actions should help limit market
exposure and ensure fair and equal access and
activate market-based mechanisms; private
actions drive scale and provide innovative
solutions.
APU offers a suite of tools and helpful links on
its public website to encourage customers to
research their options prior to purchasing or
leasing an EV. Customers can also contact
APU’s EV Concierge, a dedicated phone line
and an online inquiry form, for further questions
and assistance.
APU’s public programs offer rebates to both
private use and publicl y accessible EV charging
stations.
APU’s website offers customers information
about Federal and State incentives in additional
to those offered by the City. Such incentives
include Federal Tax Credits through the US
Department of Energy and the Statewide Clean
Fuel Rewards Program. Below is the link to
APU’s site directing customers to these sites:
https://anaheim.net/578/Electric-Vehicles
Design for resilience and adaptation. We are
developing the ZEV system holistically, with
resilience and adaptati on front of mind. ZEVs
enable opportunities to stabilize and support our
energy system for the benefit of all, including
increasing reliability, re silience, and renewable
energy penetration.
APU has a master plan to expand public EV
charging stations in the downtown Anaheim
area.
APU’s Sustainability Education Center has a
demonstration component that educates the community
about how EV charging can be developed in a holistic
manner.
2020 CARB Mobile Source Strategy (Draft)
Applicable Goals/Policies APU’s Investments
For on-road light-duty vehicles, these concepts
include:
• manufacturer requirements to foster clean
technology production and sales,
APU offers a suite of tools and helpful links on
its public website to encourage customers to
research their options prior to purchasing or
leasing an EV. Customers can also contact
APU’s EV Concierge, a dedicated phone line
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
X. Transportation Electrification
Anaheim Public Utilities
• in-use requirements to accelerate
penetration of newer technology,
• incentive programs to promote and
accelerate the use of advanced clean
technologies,
• outreach and education to increase
consumer awareness and acceptance of
advanced vehicle and equipment
technologies; and
• infrastructure planning and development to
support the transition to cleaner
technologies.
For on-road medium- and heavy-duty vehicles,
concepts include:
• manufacturer requirements to foster clean
technology production and sales,
• in-use requirements to accelerate
penetration of newer technology,
• incentive programs to promote and
accelerate the use of advanced clean
technologies,
• enhanced enforcement strategies to ensure
programs are achieving their anticipated
benefits,
• outreach and education to increase
consumer awareness and acceptance of
advanced vehicle and equipment
technologies; and
• infrastructure planning and development to
support the transition to cleaner
technologies.
For off-road vehicles and equipment, concepts
include:
• manufacturer requirements to foster clean
technology production and sales,
• in-use requirements to accelerate
penetration of newer technology,
• incentive programs to promote and
accelerate the use of advanced clean
technologies,
• outreach and education to and increase
consumer awareness and acceptance of
advanced vehicle and equipment
technologies; and
• infrastructure planning and development to
support the transition to cleaner
technologies.
and an online inquiry form, for further questions
and assistance.
Information on federal and state incentives i s
provided as relevant links on APU’s public
website.
APU has installed publicly accessible EV
charging stations at key public venues or
transportation hubs. APU also performs routine
inspections on these chargers.
Under its Public Access EV Charging Station
Rebate Program, APU requires the rebate
recipients to make the charging stations publicly
accessible.
APU is actively participating in the LCFS
funding program to use those proceeds to fund
its Public Access EV Charging Station Rebate
Program.
APU continues to convert the older and higher-
polluting vehicles to EVs and hybrid EVs to
meet South Coast Air Quality Management
District (SCAQMD) and DOE requirements for
fleets.
APU also i
nvests in EV charging infrastructure
for its and City of Anaheim’s EV fleet.
APU provides EV demonstration and education
events, community video contests about the
benefits of EVs, curriculum introducing EVs
into high school Science, Technology,
Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)
classrooms and hosting EV-related student
competitions in partnership with local schools.
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
X. Transportation Electrification
Anaheim Public Utilities
California Sustainable Freight Action Plan (Calif ornia Department of Transportation, CARB, CEC, and Governor’s Office of Business and Economic Development) Applicable Goals/Policies APU’s Investments
Invest strategically to accelerate the transition to
zero and near-zero emission equipment powered
by renewable energy sources, including
supportive infrastructure.
APU’s Renewables Ener gy Procurement Plan
and Enforcement Program governs its progress
and compliance with the 60% renewable
generation by 2030 and ca rbon-free electricity
deliveries to retail customers by 2045, as required
by Senate Bill 350 and SB 100.
Vehicle-Grid Integration Roadmap (California Independent System Operator) Applicable Goals/Policies APU’s Investments
Confirm VGI electrical system impacts: assess
VGI physical impacts to the electrical system for
each use case
Under its Public Access EV Charging Station
Rebate Program, APU has a “right to interrupt
service” condition to remotely or manual
interrupt electric service to the EV charging
station in the event of a generation capacity
shortage or a transmission or distribution system
emergency.
2020 Roadmap adds a new track Customers –
Expand equitable access to VGI, simplifying
smart charging “for all”
APU offers an additional rebate incentive from
$1,500 to $3,000 if customers install a networked
charger and sign up for the time-of-use rate.
APU offers two EV rate options for residential
and non-residential customers to help customers
take advantage of reduced energy chargers
during off-peak time periods. APU also offers
several other TOU rate options for both
residential and non-residential customers.
CEC 2020 INTEGRATED ENERGY POLICY REPORT UPDATE, VOLUME I: Blue Skies, Clean Transportation
Applicable Goals/Policies APU’s Investments
The CEC, California Public Utilities
Commission, utilities, and electric service
providers should support market opportunities,
incentives, and other mechanisms to better align
charging with increasing renewable generation.
APU offers an additional rebate incentive from
$1,500 to $3,000 if customers install a networked
charger and sign up for the time-of-use rate.
APU offers two EV rate options for residential
and non-residential customers to help customers
take advantage of reduced energy chargers
during off-peak time periods. APU also offers
several other TOU rate options for both
residential and non-residential customers.
The California Energy Commission (CEC),
California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC),
and California Independent System Operator
should continue to work together to ensure that
Under its Public Access EV Charging Station
Rebate Program, APU has a “right to interrupt
service” condition to remotely or manual
interrupt electric service to the EV charging
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
X. Transportation Electrification
Anaheim Public Utilities
zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) support energy
resiliency in California, including vehicle-grid
integration.
station in the event of a generation capacity
shortage or a transmission or distribution system
emergency.
APU offers an additional rebate incentive from
$1,500 to $3,000 if customers install a networked
charger and sign up for the time-of-use rate.
APU offers two EV rate options for residential
and non-residential customers to help customers
take advantage of reduced energy chargers
during off-peak time periods. APU also offers
several other TOU rate options for both
residential and non-residential customers.
CEC: Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Assessment - AB 2127 Applicable Goals/Policies APU’s Investments
Continue public support for charger
deployment, using public funds to leverage
private funds, and eventually transition to a self-
sustaining private market.
APU is actively participating in the LCFS
funding program to use those proceeds to fund
EV programs that benefit current and future EV
customers in Anaheim.
Continue quantitative modeling efforts to
project the quantities, locations, and load curves
of chargers needed to meet statewide travel
demand.
IRP modeling
Support innovative charging solutions and
financing mechanisms.
Anaheim’s first DC Fast Charging Plaza at its
Brookhurst Community Center was made
possible through a request for proposal to find a
licensee that could lease parking spaces at the
Brookhurst Community Center to operate and
maintain DC fast charging stations.
Ensure equitable distribution of charger
deployment throughout the state.
APU offers rebate incentives and programs to
support EV adoption within LIDAC
communities including an Income Qualified EV
Ride Share Pilot Program and is currently in the
process of developing an EV Charger Direct
Installation Program for commercial and multi-
family property owners located in a LIDAC.
Align charging with renewable generation and
grid needs.
Under its Public Access EV Charging Station
Rebate Program, APU has a “right to interrupt
service” condition to remotely or manual
interrupt electric service to the EV charging
station in the event of a generation capacity
shortage or a transmission or distribution system
emergency.
APU offers an additional rebate incentive from
$1,500 to $3,000 if customers install a networked
charger and sign up for the time-of-use rate.
APU offers two EV rate options for residential
and non-residential customers to help customers
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
X. Transportation Electrification
Anaheim Public Utilities
take advantage of reduced energy chargers
during off-peak time periods. APU also offers
several other TOU rate options for both
residential and non-residential customers.
Prioritize standardized charger connectors and
communications protocols.
Under its Public Access EV Charging Station
Rebate Program, APU requires that “EV
charging units must ut ilize the standard J1772
charging port, the standard J1772 combo
charging port, the CHAdeMO charging port, or
an approved equivalent as determined by the
City to be eligible for the Program Rebate.”
CalEPA: Carbon Neutrality Studies
Applicable Goals/Policies APU’s Investments
Equity and environmental justice:
Transportation has a significant historical role in
creating and exacerbating inequities. Depending
on their implementation, the clean
transportation policies di scussed in this report
have the potential to reverse this.
APU offers rebate incentives and programs to
support EV adoption within LIDAC
communities including an Income Qualified EV
Ride Share Pilot Program and is currently in the
process of developing an EV Charger Direct
Installation Program for commercial and multi-
family property owners located in a LIDAC.
Workforce and jobs impacts: Transportation is a
major employer and supports the economy. A
clean transportation system could have
significant effects on the workforce, both
creating and disrupting whole sectors.
APU continues to convert the older and higher-
polluting vehicles to EVs and hybrid EVs to
meet South Coast Air Quality Management
District (SCAQMD) and DOE requirements for
fleets.
APU also invests in EV charging infrastructure
for its and City of Anaheim’s EV fleet.
2018 California Air Resources Board Barrier Report
Applicable Goals/Policies APU’s Investments
Some of the fundamental barriers to clean
transportation access for low income residents,
as described in Chapter 2, include: 1) barriers low
income residents face within a community, (e.g.,
access, convenience, safety, etc.), 2) barriers in
affordability, 3) barriers in funding for clean
transportation investments, and 4) barriers in
residents’ awareness of clean transportation and
mobility options.
APU offers rebate incentives and programs to
support EV adoption within LIDAC
communities including an Income Qualified EV
Ride Share Pilot Program and is currently in the
process of developing an EV Charger Direct
Installation Program for multifamily property
owners located in a LIDAC.
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
X. Transportation Electrification
Anaheim Public Utilities
SB 1000, Chapter 368 Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Applicable Goals/Policies APU’s Investments
Requires the CEC to assess of whether charging
infrastructure is disproportionately deployed by
population density, geographical area, or
population income level, including low-, middle,
and high-income levels. This includes evaluating
whether direct-current fast charging stations are
disproportionately di stributed and whether
access to these charging stations is
disproportionately available.
APU offers rebate incentives and programs to
support EV adoption within LIDAC
communities including an Income Qualified EV
Ride Share Pilot Program and is currently in the
process of developing an EV Charger Direct
Installation Program for multifamily property
owners located in a LIDAC.
Executive Order N-79-20 & B-32-15
Applicable Goals/Policies APU’s Investments
Established goal for all in-state sales of new
passenger vehicles to be zero-emission by 2035;
100% medium- and heavy-duty vehicles be
zero-emission by 2045; for all operations where
feasible, and by for drayage trucks; and 100
percent zero-emission off-road vehicles and
equipment by 2035 where feasible.
APU is actively participating in the LCFS
funding program to use those proceeds to fund
its Private and Public Access EV Charging
Station Rebate Programs.
Executive Order B-16-2012
Applicable Goals/Policies APU’s Investments
Established target of one million ZEVs on the
road by 2025
APU is actively participating in the LCFS
funding program to use those proceeds to fund
its Private and Public Access EV Charging
Station Rebate Programs.
COORDINATION WITH OTHER UTILITIES
APU actively participates in the EV Working Group of Southern California Public Power Authority (SCPPA) to coordinate efforts and share experiences with other publicly owned utilities. 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
XI. Distributed Generation
Anaheim Public Utilities
XI. DISTRIBUTED GENERATION AND STORAGE
A. Customer Owned Solar PV
Customer owned solar systems are evenly spread throughout Anaheim. Customers have installed solar on their property with the help of local rebates and income tax credits over the years. Some customers have elected to install solar to reduce their monthly energy expenses, and others have elected to install solar for environmental sustainability reasons and/or reduce their carbon footprint.
RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL SOLAR GROWTH
Solar system installations continue to grow at a steady rate throughout Anaheim. In the most recent calendar years, about 450 new solar systems were installed annually totaling around 4.5 MW in capacity. This equates to 7,400 megawatt-hours of new behind-the-meter renewable energy production annually. It is expected that solar will continue to grow further with the signing of the Federal Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, which increases the income tax credit to 30% for solar system installations, solar plus energy storage, and energy storage.
Over the past two decades, APU’s commercial and residential customers have installed over 47 MW of solar.
The graphs below show the rapid growth of solar in Anaheim resulting from adoption of renewable energy over the past decade and where those systems are located within Anaheim.
Graph 70: Cumulative Solar Capacity Installed - Customer Owned Solar Systems
0 10
20 30
40 50
60 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Capacity (MW)
Cumulative Solar Capacity
Residential Commercial
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
XI. Distributed Generation
Anaheim Public Utilities
Graph 71: Location of Customer Owned Solar in Anaheim
Net Energy Metering
Net energy metering (NEM) is a special billing arrangem ent that provides a credit to customers with solar systems that return excess energy they do not use back to the Grid for compensation by APU. NEM 1.0 was available for all customers that installed a solar PV system on or prior to December 31, 2020. Customers that install a solar PV system after January 1, 2021, are automatically enrolled in th e NEM 2.0 program. The differences between the two rate structures are described below.
NEM 1.0
State law requires that APU offer customers retail NEM until the total generated capacity of eligible customer- generators exceeds 5% of APU’s all-time peak aggregate load of 593 MW, which equates to 29.6 MW. APU met this requirement in May 2019 but did not take action to discontinue allowing customers to be enrolled into NEM 1.0 program until the end of 2020. Customers enrolled prior to the end of 2020 are grandfathered under the NEM 1.0 program structure so long as they remain the account holder and do not modify their current solar PV system.
NEM 2.0
APU’s NEM 2.0 program took effect on January 1, 2021. For all systems installed or modified after this date, NEM 2.0 offers compensation for excess energy returned to the Grid during the day based on the time the energy was returned to the energy grid. This type of program structure encourages customers to install storage systems paired with their solar PV system. Under this program customers benefit by storing their excess energy in the battery system on their property during the day and pulls from the storage system when the sun goes down. This program allows customers to have similar bill amounts to those cust omers grandfathered into APU’s NEM 1.0 program.
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
XI. Distributed Generation
Anaheim Public Utilities
B. Solar for Schools
In 2017, APU created a pilot program named Solar for Schools that builds solar carport facilities and/or lunch shelters on school properties throughout Anaheim and compensates the school for the use of the property.
This program solicited local school districts to submit an application for two schools of their choosing to be evaluated to be a host solar site for APU. The program was well received by the school districts, and APU received seven applications for a total of fourteen host solar sites for evaluation. Ultimately, nine schools were selected to be host solar sites. The total capacity of all nine schools is rated at 1.5 MW. The construction costs for all Solar for Schools projects cost $6 million and was completed in 2018.
In return for licensing their
property to the City, the
school districts receive a fixed
annual license payment
without the risk of
intermittent solar production.
These projects are owned and
operated by APU and all
energy produced is included in
APU’s renewable energy
portfolio.
Along with supporting local
school districts and the new
Solar Power Program, the
projects themselves will
provide real-life examples to
support students pursuing an
education in science,
technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields.
An interactive webpage is available on APU’s website to demonstrate the solar output, energy equivalent, and environmental attributes of all the Solar for Schools sites, below is showing Centralia Elementary School’s site.
Photo 11: Solar PV Lunch Shelter
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
XI. Distributed Generation
Anaheim Public Utilities
C. Anaheim Solar Energy Plant at the Convention Center
In 2013, APU partnered with the Anaheim Convention Center to install a 2.4 MW solar system on the roof of the Anaheim Convention Ce nter. Completed in August 2014, the inst allation includes 7,902 panels, produces 3,500 MWh annually, and supplies about 17% of the Anahei m Convention Cent er’s annual electricity needs.
The solar PV system allowed the Convention Center to attain LEED Gold certification.
An interactive webpage is available on APU’s website to demonstrate the solar output, energy equivalent, and environmental attributes of the Anaheim Solar Energy Plant at the Convention Center.
Photo 12: Centralia Elementary School’s Interactive Webpage Photo 13: Solar PV System on the Roof of the Anaheim Convention Center 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
XI. Distributed Generation
Anaheim Public Utilities
D. Non-Solar Distributed Generation
APU’s services include assisting those customers who wish to develop distributed generation facilities within its service territory and interconnect with its electric sy stem. The interconnection process is governed by Rule No. 22 of City of Anaheim’s Electric Rates, Rules and Regulations and Generation Interconnection Standards and Guidelines (available online at Electric-Utility-Rules46).
While there has not been a significant impact of non-solar distributed generation and energy storage (ES) on system load, APU is closely monitoring the development of these technologies.
Anaheim Owned Distributed Generation
At this time, solar generation is the only type of distributed generation that is owned by APU. APU owns and operates solar facilities on City-owned buildings, such as the Anaheim Conv ention Center, and locations licensed from nine (9) public schools located in Anaheim.
Behind the Meter - Customer Side
APU reports distributed generation and internal generation above 100 kW semi-annually to the California Energy Commission in the 1306(c) Report. APU currently has 2.46 MW of installed capacity of fuel cell technology, and 0.13 MW of installed capacity of micro-turbine technology.
The impact of these types of installations is consid ered as part of APU’s load forecasting process and analyses.
46 http://www.anaheim.net/883/Electric-Utility-Rules
Photo 14: Anaheim Convention Center Interactive Webpage 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
XI. Distributed Generation
Anaheim Public Utilities
E. Energy Storage
In mid-2022, APU solicited proposals from Battery Ener gy Storage System (BESS) Design-Build developers for the design and construction of a 50, 40, or 30 megawatt (MW) BESS Project (Project) located in Anaheim, California. The Project will help meet electric load co nstraints exasperated by the intermittency issues caused by variable renewable energy systems and will likely be operated at the direction of the California Independent System Operator (CAISO).
Anaheim will integrate this BESS with in its portfolio to be a hedge to solar and wind generation volatility resulting in lower cost excess electric energy during certain times of the day. The BESS will allow the CAISO to ramp up resources during the evening hours as solar generation drops off to augment electrical peak demand reliability on the grid.
At the time of writing of the 2023 IRP, the design-b uild proposals received through the RFP process were being reviewed for consideration and evaluation against other BESS proposals for systems within the LA Basin Area.
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
XII. Energy Efficiency and Demand Response Programs
Anaheim Public Utilities
XII. ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND DEMAND RESPONSE PROGRAMS
A. Program History
APU has historically provided energy efficiency (EE) programs to its customers, even prior to The Electric Utility Industry Restructuring Act (Assembly Bill 1890). Since the passage of AB 1890, APU has set aside 2.85% of electric retail sales revenues for the implementation of Public Benefit programs. The funds are allocated to the following four program categories:
1. Cost-effective energy efficiency and conservation activities;
2. Research, development, and demonstration programs to advance science or technology that are not adequately provided by competitive and regulated markets;
3. In-state operation and development of existing, new, and emerging renewable resource technologies; and
4. Programs and rate discounts for low income electricity customers.
Currently, there are over 45 energy and water effici ency programs to help Anah eim customers reduce their utility bills and operating costs. From FY 17/18 to FY 21/22, APU expended $15.5 million for residential and commercial Public Benefit programs supporting energy efficiency, with an additional $6.2 million expended for income-qualified pr ograms. Over the past five years, APU reported savings of 80,480,075 kWh between FY17/18 and FY21/22. The following chart illustrates APU’s FY energy savings over the past five years.
During FY19/20, the global pandemic of COVID-19 significantly affected energy and water efficiency programs and continues to impact progress in achieving kWh savings targets today. More information about the impacts of the global pandemic is included in Section F. Challenges and Future Program Development.
Graph 72: Annual kWh Savings Targets
0.87%
1.17%
0.79%
0.51%
0.28%
0.73%
-
5,000,000
10,000,000
15,000,000
20,000,000
25,000,000
30,000,000
FY 17/18 FY 18/19 FY 19/20 FY 20/21 FY 21/22 5-Year Average Savings
Annual kWh Savings Targets
Target kWh Savings Actual Annual kWh Savings
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
XII. Energy Efficiency and Demand Response Programs
Anaheim Public Utilities
B. Target Setting
SB 350 (2015) directed POUs to develop energy effi ciency targets consistent wi th the statewide energy efficiency targets adopted by the California Energy Commission (CEC).
APU, in conjunction with other members within th e California Municipal Utilities Association (CMUA), contracted with Navigant Consulting, Inc. (Navigant) to identify all potentially achievable cost-effective electricity efficiency savings and establish annual targets for energy efficiency savings for 2018-2027. The purpose of the study was not only to look back on the success of the past years, but also to look ahead and inform discussions on how to achieve additional energy savings in the future.
The final report “Energy Efficiency in California’s Public Power Sector” was published and submitted to the CEC in 2017. Based on the Navigant report, APU presented its ten-year goals (required by AB 2021 every four years) to the City Council in 2016 to achieve an average a nnual energy savings equal to 1.1% of retail electric sales.
Table 2: APU Energy Efficiency Targets including Codes & Standards (GDS Associates, Inc.)
* 2028-2030 are projections based on 2027 targets. 10-Yr Average Calculated for 2018-2027.
The CEC relied on the Navigant study, adjusted with building Codes and Standards and gross-to-net ratio, and concluded an APU-specific energy efficiency target as below:
Graph 73: Cumulative Energy Efficiency Saving Goals with CEC Adjustments
*Source: Table A-10 of CEC Final Commission Report: “Senate Bill 350: Doubling Energy Efficiency Savings by 2030”, 10/26/2017 The energy efficiency targets are incorporated into APU’s demand forecast.
APU will continue to leverage internal and external resources to ac hieve the energy efficiency targets. This includes the continuation of existing programs, the recognition of challenges and the development of new programs, as detailed in the sections below.
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 * 2029 *2 0 3 0 * Avg. 10 Yr. kWh 1.15% 1.15% 1.09% 1.06% 1.04% 1.00% 0.95% 0.91% 0.86% 0.80% 0.80% 0.80% 0.80% 1.00% kW 1.11% 1.12% 1.13% 1.15% 1.19% 1.14% 1.15% 1.13% 1.09% 1.04% 1.04% 1.04% 1.04% 1.13% Targets w/ C&S
26 260
0 50
100
150
200
250
300
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 GWh
Cumulative Energy Efficiency Savings
with CEC Adjustments
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
XII. Energy Efficiency and Demand Response Programs
Anaheim Public Utilities
Future Energy Efficiency Targets Updated
In 2020, APU and other publicly owned utility (POU) members within the California Municipal Utilities Association (CMUA), contracted with GDS Associates, Inc (GDS) to identify all potentially achievable cost- effective electricity efficiency savings and establish annual targets for energy efficiency savings for 2022-2031.
The purpose of the study was not only to look back on the success of the past years, but also to look ahead and inform discussions on how to achieve additional energy savings in the future.
The final GDS study titled “CMUA 2020 Energy Efficiency Potential Forecast” was published and submitted to the CEC in 2021. Based on the GDS study, APU’s fo recasted ten-year goals (required by AB 2021 every four years) averages an annual energy savings target equal to .49% of retail electric sales.
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C. Program Highlights
Collaboration with External Parties
The collaborative nature of the public power communit y allows for the development of joint resources and sharing of best practices. CMUA, NCPA (Northern California Power Agency), and SCPPA serve as forums for discussing and pursuing projects that benefit varying groups of all POUs. Anaheim is joint powers member of SCPPA, which allows collaboration amon g other publicly owned utilities which helps encourage volumetric discounts.
In addition to collaboration with other POUs, APU also partners with additional stakeholders to promote and encourage sustainable resource use. Since 1999, Anah eim has offered no-cost direct-installation of weatherization measures to its income-qualified residential customer base. In 2013, an inter-utility partnership was established with the Southern California Gas Company (SoCal Gas) to include the addition of gas saving measures to Anaheim’s electric and water Weatheriza tion Program measure mix. This inter-utility program utilizes a one-stop approach to provide gas, electric, and water efficiency improvements to Anaheim’s income- qualified residential customers who are also serviced by the SoCal Gas Company. Through this program, Anaheim residents receive conservation measures by way of a single point of contact, streamlining energy, water, and gas efficiency home enhancements through a single contractor and single customer touch point. In 2018, premium high-efficiency toilets were added to the Weatherization Program measure mix, resulting in 539 toilet replacements to date and over 1.84 million gallons of water conserved. High-efficiency clothes washers were also added to the measure mix in 2018, with a to tal of 184 clothes washers replaced through fiscal year 2022 and resulting annual energy and water savings of 29,256 kWh and 1.97 million gallons, respectively.
Recently, weather-based irrigation controllers were added to the array of measures provided through the Weatherization Program, to further support our income-qualified customer base.
Anaheim also contracts with third pa rty vendors to promote and provide services associated with our school education initiatives, residential energy and water saving programs, and commercial program offerings.
Contracting with 3
rd party vendors enables enhancement to both scale and scope of APU’s initiatives, resulting in more robust program marketing, program participation, and resulting energy and water savings.
Creative Synergy with Other City Departments
APU works closely with other City departments, in cluding Community Services, Community and Economic Development, Planning, and Public Works. Collaborating with other departments helps APU learn new ideas and find out ways to engage more customers in its various programs.
Inter-departmental collaboration also enables greater understanding of community needs, which results in better program design and participation. For example, Community Services interacts directly with seniors and income-qualified customers and assists with promoting the Income-Qualified Energy Discount and Emergency Assistance programs, including referrals to APU for othe r programs that help customers manage their utility bills.
Throughout 2021, APU partnered wi th the Neighborhood & Human Services Division of Anaheim’s Community Services Department in a newly launched Mobile Family Resource Center initiative, whereby various City Departments and non-profit organizations work collectively to visit neighborhoods throughout the City of Anaheim and provide essential services an d information to key residential communities. Launched as a pilot project in 2021, the Mobile Family Resource Center made over 3,700 si gnificant contacts with 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
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residents through 64 total events held at 20 Anaheim ne ighborhoods. The pilot proj ect resulted in 776 food and/or produce boxes distributed to families, 162 COVID-19 vaccinations administered to residents 12 years of age and older, and 138 families being qualified to receive up to $500 in emergency financial assistance to help pay for food, transportation, gr oceries, medical, and utility expens es, among others. APU has continued to support this project throughout 2022.
Community Outreach and Student Engagement
Anaheim holds 40 community outreach events annually throughout the City to promote the energy and water savings programs offered to residential customers. These events are held at City parks, Anaheim schools, local neighborhoods, home improvement stores, and on the Center Street Promenade near Anaheim City Hall and Anaheim West Tower during Farmer’s Market days. Each event brings in numerous customers that visit APU booths to ask questions and receive information abou t the programs and services provided by APU.
Community outreach remains a vital activity to keep customers informed and to help APU meet its energy and water savings goals.
Photo 15: Community Outreach Event at Farmer’s Market
APU also provides multiple student engagement events throughout the year for high school, junior high, and elementary school students. Students get to lear n how and where APU procures its water and power. They learn about the water cycle and greenhouse gas emissions, so they can incorporate the energy efficiency and water conservation lessons into personal actions at home and on campus.
Through APU’s school education contract with the Inside the Outdoors, a non-profit organization, schools throughout Anaheim are provided with on-site energy and water education sessions, and also provided with the tools and know-how to perform student-led in-hom e energy and water efficiency assessments. Anaheim students are also provided education on renewable ener gy, electric vehicles, and greenhouse gas curtailment.
Through this partnership with Inside the Outdoors, sc hool gardens are also constructed/rehabilitated at two school sites per year. Additionally, students are provid ed field trips to various nature centers and outdoor venues, allowing for hands-on engagement with natural systems, with embedded Next Generation Science Standards education built into these outings. Students at all levels are taught how they can be leaders in their
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communities by incorporating sustainability into their personal lifestyles. APU also sponsors student engagement activities that include mentorships and career exploration opportunities within the utility industry.
APU holds an annual “Water is Life” Poster Contest, whereby 1 st through 8th graders are invited to submit artwork associated with water conservation, giving students the opportunity to help raise water awareness through the art they display. At the culmination of the contest, winning artwork is printed on APU branded water bottle labels and an artist recognition is held at a City Council meeting.
Photo 16: Various Student Engagement Activities
D. Existing Programs
In order to meet Anaheim’s annual energy efficiency goal, it is important to reach both its residential and commercial customers. Anaheim residential customers make up 85% of APU’s total customers; however, almost 75% of total load is consumed by commercial and industrial customers. A brief description and end use overview of Anaheim’s existing EE programs are shown in the following section.
Residential Programs
Residential Income-Qualified Programs
• Weatherization - Income-qualified program that provides plug load occupancy sensors in smart power strips, up to 10 LED bulbs, duct sealing, AC tune-ups with refrigerant charge testing, Energy Star room air conditioners, and additional water and gas saving measures. • Income-Qualified Utility Discount - Provides a 10% reduction on the electric and/or water portions of utility bills to seniors, military vetera ns, or long- term disabled customers at or below 80% of the Orange County median income.
• Dusk to Dawn Income-Qualified Assistance - In addition to receiving up to two free outdoor security lights, income-qualified residents may al so have the light installed by one of Anaheim's approved and licensed electrical contractors free of charge. • Emergency Assistance - Provides annual electric and/or water utility payment assistance for income-qualified customers experiencing financial hardship. • Community Solar Discount Program – Income-qualified customers are eligible to receive a $10 monthly discount on the electric portion of their utility bill for a 6-month period, with annual re- enrollment eligibility.
Residential Programs
• Dusk-to-Dawn - Free outdoor security light distribution. Customers can pick up lights from the program contractor’s office in Anaheim or receive during Home Utility Check-Up and Weatherization Program service.
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• A/C Tune Up - Provides incentives to residential customers who have a licensed HVAC contractor perform an A/C tune up, with an enhanced incentive for income-qualified customers. • TreePower - Provides up to 6 complimentary shade trees and incentives for residential customers. • Home Utility Check-Up - No cost home assessment of electric (plug loads) and water usage/demand, customized audit report with ef ficiency recommendations, outdoor water audit and irrigation scheduling/programming, direct-installation of LEDs, low-flow shower heads, aerators, toilet leak/dye tab test, etc.
• LED Distribution (Welcome Kits) - New electric utility customers direct-mailed LED Welcome Kits, inclusive of 4 LED bulbs and welcome brochure with City information and resources. • Holiday Lights Exchange - Provides free LED holiday lights to residents who turn in old incandescent holiday lights.
• Home Incentives - Provides rebates for the purchase and installation of high efficiency ENERGY STAR® rated appliances and high-efficiency conservation measures. • Refrigerator Recycling Program - Provides a rebate to cu stomers who recycle an old, operational refrigerator or freezer and replace it with a new ENERGY STAR® rated model. • Multi-Family Picklist Program – Financial incentives provided for new construction and rehabilitation of multi-family dwellings to promote sustainability, decrease tenant utility costs, and lower Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions.
• Water Smart Landscaping Workshops (OC Master Gardeners) – Partnership with OC Master Gardeners Speakers Bureau to provide free gardening/landscaping workshops on various topics at venues throughout Anaheim.
The following graphic illustrates FY 21/22 energy savings achieved through APU’s residential programs.
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Graph 74: FY 21/22 Residential Program Energy Savings
Commercial Programs
• Customized Energy Incentives Program - Customized financial incentives for installation of high-efficiency air conditioning, motor controls, and other production related equipment. • Comprehensive Energy Audits - Customized on-site audits and recommendations designed to improve operating efficiencies and help customers reduce costs. • System Operations Enhancements - Produces energy savings by increasing system performance through replacement of electrical infrastructure and by disabling large transformers that are not actively serving customers' loads.
• Codes and Standards - Savings are drawn from the statewide allocation of energy savings credits due to (building) Codes and Standards and based on Anaheim's percent share of statewide load. • Upstream HVAC - Provides rebates to the sales channel that most influences the stocking and selling of qualifying high efficiency equipment; the goal is to facilitate th e purchase of the high efficiency equipment by the end-use customer. End of contract and program participation was April 2019.
• Heat Pump Incentives Program – Provides rebates for installation of high-efficiency heat pumps.
0.43% 6.37%
8.66%
15.84%
54.03%
0.11%
3.69%
3.56%
7.32%
Residential Energy Savings
FY 21/22
A/C Tune-Up
Dusk-to-Dawn
Home Incentives
Home Utility Check-Up
LED Light Distribution
(Welcome Kits)
Multi-Family Picklist
Refrigerator Recycling
Tree Power
Weatherization
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• Lighting Incentives - Provides incentives to improve energy efficiency for a variety of lighting applications.
• Small Business Energy Management Assistance Program - Provides customers of less than 50-kilowatt demand with energy use evaluations, re trofit funding, and installation services; focus is on LED lighting upgrades and lighting controls, programmable/smart thermostats, high efficiency refrigeration measures, refrigeration and air conditioning tune ups. • Feasibility Studies Program - Provides comprehensive metering and verification for industrial applications with specialized technology and complex operations, and to award energy incentives for installing high efficiency components to improve and operate efficiently. • Uninterruptible Power Supply Incentives- Part of the Customized Incentive Program Provides incentives for uninterruptible power supply (UPS) devices rated “Energy Star”, or also known as battery backup. A UPS provides emergency power to allow for the safe and orderly shutdown of connected equipment (e.g., computers) and other critical devices during an unforeseen power outage.
• New Construction Program – Provides incentives for business customers who exceed Title 24 in their new construction projects and large-scale retrofits.
The following graphic illustrates FY21/22 energy savings achieved through APU’s commercial programs.
Graph 75: FY 21/22 Commercial Program Energy Savings
1%
25%
1%
47%
20%
6%
Commercial Energy Savings FY 21/22
Comprehensive
Energy Audit
Customized Energy
Incentive
Heat Pump Incentive
Lighting Incentives
Small Business Direct
Installation
Small Business Direct
Installation (Audits)
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E. COVID-19 Assistance Programs
Residential Programs
COVID-19 Emergency Assistance Program – Anaheim Public Utilities COVID-19 Emergency Assistance Program provided financial assistance to residential customers facing a temporary financial hardship. Eligible customers who are unable to pay the electric and/or water portion of their utility bill due to COVID-19 may receive a one-time lifetime bill credit of up to $250 in electric utility assistance and $100 in water utility assistance per househo ld as a COVID-19 related emergency payment assistance.
Internet Access Rebate Program - The City of Anaheim offered income-qualified residents who had been impacted by COVID-19 financial assistance towards their home internet costs, understanding that many customers transitioned to working from home or have children who are distance learning.
This program was funded through the Federal Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act. The City of Anaheim does not provide internet services but wanted to support students and residents who are struggling with connectivity on a temporary basis. Prior to seeking this rebate, residents were required to enroll in at least one of Anaheim Public Utilities’ income-qualified programs.
The program rebate amount is determined by the total number of internet users living in the household.
Program participants were eligible to receive a rebate of up to $60-$120 per household, depending on the number of internet users per household.
Air Purifier Rebate – Anaheim Public Utilities Air Purifier Rebate Program incentivized the purchase of ENERGY STAR® certified air purifiers, with a re bate amount of $30 per air purifier (maximum quantity of 2) and $50 per air purifier with UV light (maximum quantity of 2).
Commercial Programs
Air purifiers Incentives - Offers business customers’ incentives for room air cleaners, also known as air purifier. Air purifiers are portable appliances that remove fine particles, su ch as pollen, dust, and unpleasant odors from the air. Using ENERGY STAR® portable air purifiers is a great way to improve indoor air quality in a single room or area while using energy efficiently.
Air purifiers for School Incentives - Offers K-12 public and private school incentives for room air cleaners, also known as air purifier. Air purifiers ar e portable appliances that remove fine particles, such as pollen, dust, and unpleasant odors from the air. Using ENERGY STAR® portable air purifiers is a great way to improve indoor air quality in a single room or area while using energy efficiently.
Small Business Emergency Assistance Program – Provided financial assistance to small businesses and non-profit customers facing a temporary financial hardship due to COVID-19 pandemic. Eligible customers who were unable to pay the electric portion of their bill received a one-time $1,000 bill credit for electric utility assistance.
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F. Challenges and Future Program Development
Address Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic
During FY19/20, the global pandemic of COVID-19 significantly affected energy and water efficiency programs, and continues to impact progress in achieving kWh savings targets today. The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic include business closures, causing th e decline of business’s participation in energy efficiency programs. Similarly, residential participation in home energy an d water efficiency assessments, such as the Home Utility Check-Up program and Weatheriz ation program, declined due to statewide emergency quarantine orders. APU will continue to develop progra ms that respond to the evolving needs of a post- pandemic society as businesses and residents acclimate to a post-pandemic world.
Address Diminishing Return by Embracing Emerging Technologies The unit costs of implementing energy efficiency programs will decline wi th increases in scale, but at some point the unit costs for the first year savings will in crease due to diminishing returns. To achieve cost effectiveness, APU must identify programs and technolo gies that have not been impacted by the diminishing returns.
APU is dedicated to research and investment in new and emerging energy efficient technologies, such as lighting, HVAC and plug loads. Through these efforts, APU is looking into opportunities to enhance existing energy programs and expand customer participation in multi-family developments, Commercial/Industrial/Institutional (C/I/I) upgrades, new construction projects, and residential and business customer equipment rebates.
Address Evolving Communication Preference by Expanded Methods of Communication Customers today are requesting information in a variety of ways, languages, and with an expectation of 24/7 accessibility. APU is continually adapting its methods of communication with customers through social media and all forms of electronic communication.
The Latino population in Anaheim increased from 46.8% to 54.8% in 2016. Anaheim has always offered its communication materials in both English and Spanish. Most community outreach events have Spanish- speaking staff to assist Spanish sp eaking customers with questions and program details. APU strives to keep pace with current technologies and be responsive to the best mechanisms to communicate with customers and offer its programs and services throughout a diverse community.
APU will continue to provide outreach events throughout the community to bring awareness and promote new programs and services. APU will also continue to expand its methods of communication through various social media outlets.
Approach Disadvantaged Communities with Targeted Outreach One of the challenges that APU faces in meeting its energy efficiency target is being able to serve the income- qualified community in the rental hou sing market. According to APU’s l atest residential survey, 40.6% of respondents indicated they rent, and not own, their residence. However, due to the nature of some programs, consent is required from the property owners in order for income-qualified renters to participate in the programs.
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Many of APU’s incentive programs are designed to prov ide rebates directly to the customer account holder.
However, if a renter would like to upgrade to new windows or HVAC system but does not have the homeowner’s permission, or the homeowner is not willing to pay for the improvements, the efficiency upgrades are not implemented.
APU is making a concerted effort to design and promote programs to customers in low income and disadvantaged communities within Anaheim. Please see APU’s full efforts in Section XIII. Programs for Low Income and Disadvantaged Communities.
Two of the key assistance programs APU will promote an d market moving forward will be the 1) free Home Utility Check Up program where customers receive energy and water savings measures, as well as a customized report on applicable programs and behavioral recommendations and 2) the Weatherization Program that provides free electric, gas, and water measures installe d at customers’ homes at no cost. Critical to all these efforts is APU’s collaborative efforts with third parties, other utilities, other City departments, and community- based organizations to provide the most comprehensive and targeted energy efficiency program and services.
G. DEMAND RESPONSE PROGRAMS
G.1. VOLUNTARY LOAD REDUCTION PROGRAM
The Voluntary Load Reduction Program is designed for large commercial, industrial, institutional, and municipal customers who can curtail a minimum of 200 kW of their load within 30 minutes of being notified APU. These eligible customers are capable of assisting APU to comply with a CAISO order to curtail system load during a Flex Alert and/or Energy Emergency Alert (EEA).
An Energy Emergency Alert 3 is called when CAISO is unable to meet mini mum Contingency Reserve requirements and controlled power curtailments are imminent or in progress leading to maximum conservation by consumers. In order to prevent widespread outa ges, the CAISO will take certain actions to ensure the stability and reliability of the State’s electric power Grid. During an EEA3, the CAISO may institute mandatory load curtailment throughout the State for typically one to four hours to maintain system reliability when electricity usage is at its peak. APU may be ordered to part icipate in load curtailment if sustained high electric loads threaten blackouts throughout the State.
This voluntary program does not offer financial incentives to participants and does not include any financial penalties for not curtailing load when requested or not sustaining load cu rtailment during the duration of the CAISO EEA3. Participating customers receive the benefit of eliminating the risk of unplanned total electric service outages that result from CAISO orders to curtail firm load during an EEA3, in exchange for voluntary load reduction during the entire duration of a CAISO EEA3.
The economic benefits to participating customers are a function of the savings realized from a coordinated interruption of individual business processes and the expected risk of a CAISO ordered load curtailment event.
For those customers that maintain continued participation in this program, APU bypasses, where feasible, that customer’s circuit from mandatory rotating outages during an order by the CAISO to curtail load.
Currently APU has 10,688 kW of load in the Voluntar y Load Reduction Program that includes business customers, City properties, and water pump stations.
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G.2. MYPOWER SAVINGS PROGRAM
APU currently has a residential demand response
program called myPower Savings Program. It is
based on behavioral demand response, and APU
calls events and sends dis patch signals to enrolled
customers based on criteria such as CAISO Flex
Alert or EEA notices and system emergencies.
Events are limited to non-holiday weekdays, and
the total number of events is capped during the
program duration.
Eligible customers can receive a one- time bill credit for enrolling in th e program. When a program event is called, APU notifies enrolled customers of the upcoming event by email or text message based on customers’ preferences. Enrolled customers have the freedom to re duce energy consumption however they wish during the event hours, and they can also earn bill credits based on the kilowatt-hour (kWh) they reduce.
Since the program launch in 2017, the average annual to tal kWh reduction is approximately 3,450 kWh. The expected peak and load impact from the program is d eemed negligible. APU does not include the impacts of demand response programs in its peak load and energy forecast at this time.
For the peak load in 2019 (9/4/2019 HE16 at 530 MW), APU did not have an event during that time.
For the peak load in 2020 (8/18/2020 HE 16 at 559 MW), APU had an event, and the energy consumption reduction for that hour from participating customers was 63 kWh.
For the peak load in 2021 (9/22/2021 HE16 at 486 MW), APU did not have an event during that time.
For the peak load in 2022 (9/8/2022 HE16 at 566 MW), APU did not have an event during that time.
G.3 DRIVE GREEN ANAHEIM
APU is planning to launch several dispatchable demand
response programs in the upcoming years. By summer
2023, APU will implement an electric vehicle charging
station and demand response program, titled “Drive
Green Anaheim”. The program aims to increase the
proliferation of EVs in underserved locations by
installing, operating, and maintaining charging stations and providing no-cost charging
to local users. Through
the program, commercial pr operties and multifamily
dwellings in low income and disadvantaged
communities will have the opportunity to become a
public EV charger station host site and receive a turn-key EV charger program inclusive of design, procurement, installation, operation and maintenance. With growing EV demands on the local grid, EV charging stations will be equipped with demand respons e capabilities to be able to curt ail EV charging during peak hours (between 4-9 PM) or during grid emergencies.
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G.4. FUTURE CUSTOMER DEMAND RESPONSE PROGRAMS
In 2024, APU will launch an expanded demand response program that provides customers with energy saving tools, incentives, and a user-friendly notification system that prompts participating customers to curtail usage during times of high demand, or when APU calls for a load curtailment event. As part of the expanded demand response program, new software management technolog y will be implemented that provides a one-stop-shop of services including customer enrollment tracking,
customer participation in curtailing load, device
registration, load impact, dispatch notifications,
optimization with CAISO alerts, incentive processing,
and behavioral analysis. A variety of energy saving tools and incentives will be avail able to customers, including smart thermostats, heat pumps, HVAC, pool pumps,
small business equipment, commercial equipment,
industrial equipment, energy management systems,
electric vehicle supply equipment, electric school buses, and batteries for storing energy.
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XIII. PROGRAMS FOR LOW INCOME AND DISADVANTAGED COMMUNITIES A. DEFINITION OF LOW INCOME AND DISADVANTAGED COMMUNITIES
Pursuant to Senate Bill 535, disadvantaged communities (DACs) are communities designated by CalEPA, using the California Communities Environmental Health Screening Tool (“CalEnviroScreen”).
Beyond the CalEnviroScreen de fined DACs, Anaheim maintains information about the different types of neighborhoods of concern within the City. The areas that Anaheim provides assistance to include:
Disadvantaged Communities as defined by Proposition 84 Integrated Regional Water Management (IRWM) Guidelines (2015), and Community Development Block Grant (CDBG)47 areas as defined by the Department of Housing and Urban Development.
The CalEnviroScreen 4.0 (CES 4.0) map was upda ted in May 2022 to reflec t low income community designations, also known as “priority populations”. At least 35 percent of California Climate Investments must benefit these populations. This updated map considers environmental, health, and socioeconomic information, and score California census tracts, enabling comparison and identification of disproportionately burdened and low income communities. Locations with higher scores experience greater burden, compared to areas with lower scores. Low income communities and households are defined as the census tracts and households, respectively, that are at or below the threshold designated as low income by the California Department of Housing and Community.
48 The graph below provides an overview of CalEnviroScreen 4.0 designations for Anaheim census tracts.
47 CDBG funds activities that benefit low- and moderate-income (LMI) persons, the prevention or elimination of slums or blight, or other community development activities that address an urgent threat to health or safety. 48 https://webmaps.arb.ca.gov/PriorityPopulations/
Anaheim’s disadvantaged and
low income communities
include areas greater than the
CalEnviroScreen-defined
DAC areas.
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Graph 76: Map of Anaheim’s Priority Populations as defined by CalEnviroScreen4.0
Anaheim has developed two primary strategies to assist communities of concern:
Interdepartmental Strategies
APU Strategies
B. INTERDEPARTMENTAL STRATEGIES
The City of Anaheim has strong interdepartmental ties and APU works closely with Housing & Community Development, Economic
Development, Public Works, Planning and Building, and Community Services (which includes Parks and Libraries).
APU participates in a monthly Interdepartmental Review Committee that examines all new proposed and rehabilitation projects. APU assists the other departments with their respective environmental and community health goals in particular, as it pertains to disadvantaged communities.
Below are examples of inter-departmental collaboration to ensure that investments are made in the City’s most vulnerable communities.
Affordable Housing
Developments
Private Development
Opportunities
Street Replacement
Projects
Residential Rehabilitation
Public Access Electric
Vehicle Charging Stations
Expanded Customer
Education
Expanded Customer
Outreach
Interdepartmental
Collaboration Examples
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AFFORDABLE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT
APU forecasts that approximately 400 new affordable housing units will be developed over the course of 3 to 5 years. Additionally, in partnership with the Salvation Army, the Center of Hope will provide homelessness services that will be equipped to prov ide 325 beds of emergency shelter, 72-bed permanent supportive housing, onsite medical and dental care, al ongside a drug and alcohol rehabilitation center. APU supports these efforts by offering complimentary design assistance review, and new construction and electric vehicle charging incentives. These additionally request ed elements improve emissions reduction and promote transportation electrification within LI-DACs.
PRIVATE DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES
APU works with the Planning & Building Department, and
Housing & Community Development Department on new, private developments to identify and leve rage opportunities to improve the quality of life within LI-DACs. APU provides funding for eligible project elements such as weatherization, shade trees, and electric vehicle charging and tracks the following projects closely:
Transitional housing shelters
Homeless advocacy networks
Multi-family private developments that are in low income or disadvantaged communities
Multi-family private developmen ts that are requesting density bonuses and require low income units
Residential projects near freeways for shade tree opportunities that simultaneously improve air quality Commercial, industrial, and institutional projects in disadvantaged communities Commercial, industrial, and institutional projects near freeways for vehicle electrification opportunities
LED STREET LIGHT REPLACEMENT PROGRAM
Currently there are about 22,305 st reetlights owned by APU, and LED upgrade projects and new streetlights requested by Anaheim residents are prioritized with input from Neighborhood Services, Anaheim Police Department, and Code Enforcement. Since 2018, approximately 82% of Anaheim streetlights have been replaced with energy efficiency LED lights, totaling 18,370 lights citywide.
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INCOME-QUALIFIED RESIDENTIAL REHABILITATION
APU coordinates with Housing & Community Development on an income-qualified Residential Rehabilitation Program that provides forgivable
loans to homeowners for major home improvements
or repairs. APU funds the weatherization portion of
the rehabilitation, includ ing roof repairs, siding
repairs, window repairs, and insulation.
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ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATIONS AT CITY SITES
APU has collaborated with the Community Services Department to identify two community center sites as a pilot project to install two Level 2 vehicle chargers at each. If proven successful, the pilot will expand into an annual program to install chargers at City sites with first priority within the disadvantaged or low income communities. In addition to community center and park sites, other public spaces are also examined for possible electric vehicle charging stations, such as libraries, police stations, and fire stations.
EXPANDED CUSTOMER EDUCATION
APU hosts a number of educational courses that can be used for both professional development and home improvement. These classes include energy efficiency for facilities managers and energy managers, water efficient landsc aping to improve greenhouse gas reduction, and other climate and energy related classes that teach best practices.
EXPANDED CUSTOMER OUTREACH
APU participates in Community Services hosted
neighborhood events, such as mobile family resource
fairs, neighborhood cleanup and other activities in the neighborhoods of concerns. This allows APU to reach
out to communities that may not have the means to
obtain information on APU’s programs.
Research has shown that associating programs with
public libraries increases trust that utility efficiency programs are legitimate in low income and immigrant
communities.
In addition, APU is working with the Planning & Building and Housing & Community Development Departments to develop training programs for the Code Enforcement officers and Section 8 inspectors regarding incentives and assistance programs available to qualified residents and property owners. The officers and inspectors are often at the front lines when working with customers in the City’s neighborhoods of concern.
After equipping the officers and inspectors with program information, APU can reach more customers going forward.
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C. APU STRATEGIES
In addition to all energy efficiency programs and rebates offered to all customers, APU has programs available to specifically assist residents in the neighborhoods of concern.
ENHANCED DATA ANALYTICS
Enhanced data analytics are used to maximize disadvantaged residents’ participation in energy and water efficiency programs. Through data analytics, APU found that a significant portion of the customers who participated in the Home Utility Check-Up Program, Dusk-to-Dawn Lighting Program, and Weatherization Program resided within disproportionately burdened census tracts, as identified by CalEnviroScreen scores. In addition, many participants were simply having trouble paying bills and wanted to reduce energy consumption for financial reasons.
With this knowledge, the Home Utility Check-Up, Dusk-to-Dawn, and Weatherization Programs are now enhanced to include one-stop education opportunities on how energy and water use efficiency can be managed, along with cross-promotion and enrollment into other programs that customers may be eligible for.
The graphs below show CalEnviroScreen 4.0 layered maps detailing APU’s Home Utility Check-Up Program, Dusk-to-Dawn Lighting Program, and income-qualified Weatherization Program participation for Fiscal Year 21/22, considering CalEnviroScreen census tract data and associated score.
Graph 77: Map of FY21/22 Home Utility Check-Up Program Participation, Layered with CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Census Tract Score
With this knowledge, the Home Utility Check-Up, Dusk-to-Dawn, and Weatherization Programs are now enhanced to include one-stop education opportunities on how energy and water use efficiency can be managed, along with cross-promotion and enrollment into other programs that customers may be eligible for.
APU Strategies
Enhanced Data
Analytics
Targeted
Communications
Low Income Discount
& Bill Assistance
Transportation
Electrification
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
XIII. Programs for Low Income and Disadvantaged Communities
Anaheim Public Utilities
The below CalEnviroScreen 4.0 layered maps detail Home Utility Check-Up Program, Dusk-to-Dawn Lighting Program, and income-qualified Weatherization Program participation for Fiscal Year 21/22, considering CalEnviroScreen census tract data and associated score.
Graph 78: Map of FY21/22 Dusk-to-Dawn Program Participation, Layered with CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Census Tract Score
Graph 79: Map of FY21/22 Weatherization Program Participation, Layered with CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Census Tract Score
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
XIII. Programs for Low Income and Disadvantaged Communities
Anaheim Public Utilities
TARGETED COMMUNICATIONS
APU routinely conducts customer feedback surveys.
Methods of reaching out and improving APU’s
service for low income customers are part of the
surveys. With customer feedback, APU’s outreach
team targets the LI-DAC neighborhoods with fliers in
Spanish and English and information designed for
broader reach within these communities.
INCOME-QUALIFIED DISCOUNT AND BILL ASSISTANCE
In addition to payment plan options, APU offers mult iple bill assistance programs and rate discounts for customers in need.
The Utility Discount Program for income-qualified seniors, long-term disabled, and military veteran customers provides a 10% discount on residential electric and/or water utility charges. A medical lifeline allowance, which provides additional energy at the lowest tiered rate, is also offered to customers who rely on medical equipment powered by electricity.
The Community Solar Discount Program for income-qualified customers provides a $20 monthly discount for electric utility costs for a 6-month period, with annual re-enrollment eligibility up to three years.
APU’s Emergency Assistance Program provides annual electric and/or water utility payment assistance of up to $350 for income-qualified customers experiencing financial hardship.
Administered by the Community Action Partnership of OC in partnership with APU, the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) and Low Income Home Water Assistance Program (LIHWAP) helps income-qualified residents receive annual financial assistance for their utility services.
TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION
APU’s disadvantaged communities are primarily along freeway corridors. The air quality associated with freeway corridors is a major contributor to health concerns. Through its transportation electrification programs, APU reduces area pollutants along freeway corridors and improves quality of life within the disadvantaged communities. Please see the Transportation Electrification section for more information.
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix A – Renewable Procurement Plan
Anaheim Public Utilities
APPENDIX A – RENEWABLE PROCUREMENT PLAN
Compliance Period (CP) CP 1 CP 2 CP 3 CP 4 CP 5 CP 6 CP 7 CP 8 CP 9 CP 10 Calendar Year (CY) CY 2011-2013 CY 2014-2016 CY 2017-2020 CY 2021-2024 CY 2025-2027 CY 2028-2030 CY 2031-2033 CY 2034-2036 CY 2037-2039 CY 2040-2042 Estimated APU Retail Sales (GWh) 7,085 7,074 9,317 8,536 6,440 6,485 6,524 6,566 6,615 6,666 Grandfathered Projects Technology Type Location Online Year Contract Term
(Years) PCC CP 1 (GWh) CP 2 (GWh) CP 3 (GWh) CP 4 (GWh) CP 5 (GWh) CP 6 (GWh) CP 7 (GWh) CP 8 (GWh) CP 9 (GWh) CP 10 (GWh) Iberdrola (High Winds) Wind CA 2003 20 0 42 37 47 44 - - - - - - Iberdrola (Pleasant Valley) Wind WY 2005 20 0 239 223 305 309 42 - - - - - Ormat (Heber South) Geothermal CA 2005 15 0 194 179 276 65 - - - - - - Cryq (Thermo No. 1) Geothermal UT 2009 24 0 90 186 255 257 202 176 176 - - - Broadrock (Ridgewood) Landfill Gas CA 2007 36 0 254 623 866 893 680 681 681 681 680 681 MWD (Various Small Hydro) Small Hydro CA 2008 20 0 47 41 36 16 - - - - - - Total Grandfathered Resources 866 1,288 1,786 1,585 924 857 857 681 680 681 Contracted Projects Type Location Contract Year
Contract Term
(Years) PCC CP 1 (GWh) CP 2 (GWh) CP 3 (GWh) CP 4 (GWh) CP 5 (GWh) CP 6 (GWh) CP 7 (GWh) CP 8 (GWh) CP 9 (GWh) CP 10 (GWh) San Gorgonio Wind Farm Wind CA 2012 10 1 142 243 354 275 203 203 169 - - - Noble Municipal Solid Waste CA 2013 2 1 - 459 - - - - - - - - Anaheim Solar Energy Plant (Convention
Center Roof) Solar CA 2014 Utility-owned 1 - - 11 13 10 10 10 10 10 10 Solar for Schools Solar CA 2018 Utility-owned 1 4 10 7 7 7 7 7 7 Westlands Solar CA 2015 25 1 - 4 13 13 15 13 13 13 12 5 Bowerman Biogas CA 2015 20 1 - 116 613 619 465 465 465 361 - - Loyalton Biomass CA 2018 5 1 - - 3 - - - - - - - EDF Sapphire Solar Hybrid Solar CA 2023 20 1 - - - - 201 285 271 269 255 239 EDF Desert Harvest Solar Solar CA 2020 25 1 - - 9 400 293 280 268 255 242 229 Generic Bucket 1 Contracts N/A CA N/A >10 year 1 - - - - 764 1,577 2,322 3,502 3,967 3,992 Short-Term WSPP (CPP 1) Various WECC Region N/A <1 year 1 216 - - - - - - - 219 548 Short-Term WSPP (CPP 2) Various WECC Region N/A <1 year 2 169 171 106 - - - - - - - Unbundled RECS N/A WECC Region 2011 <1 year 3 136 - - - - - - - - - Unbundled RECS N/A WECC Region N/A <1 year 3 - 132 118 219 258 303 381 471 500 520 APU Small Solar Program (SB1) Solar CA 2012 N/A 3 3 - - - - - - - - - Total Contracted Resources 666 1,125 1,231 1,548 2,216 3,143 3,906 4,888 5,211 5,549 Banked Procurement* 0.00 110 1,333 1,064 1,026 1,328 1,393 1,162 901 733 RPS TARGET 20% 25% 33% 44% 52% 60% 78% 91% 94% 97%
ESTIMATED APU RPS% 20% 25% 33% 44% 52% 60% 78% 91% 94% 97% ESTIMATED APU RPS (GWh) 1,532 2,413 3,016.976 3,133 3,139 4,001 4,763 5,569 5,892 6,230 ESTIMATED APU RPS COST $95,611,405 $159,692,302 $245,621,464 $235,543,697 211,596,879$ 263,617,579 $ 313,976,444 $ 358,657,336 $ 370,939,627 $ 408,071,668 $ * Expected procurement generated in previous compliance year, to use in the proceeding compliance year. **Per Section V.C.2., Appendix A may be revised, with the approval of the General Manager, with out further City Council approval.
RENEWABLE RESOURCE PROCUREMENT PLAN
2023 Update
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix B – Public Engagement
Anaheim Public Utilities
APPENDIX B – PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
A. CUSTOMER SURVEY SUMMARY
In late 2016, APU retained a market research and consulting firm to gain a better understanding of customers’ thoughts and preferences regarding APU’s plans to increase renewable power to 50% by 2030, reduce coal power to zero as contracts expire, and doing
so over a 10-year period to help keep the
impact on electric rates to a minimum.
For the 2023 IRP , APU commissioned a
residential satisfaction survey to compare
with and build upon the feedback received
from the 2018 IRP customer survey. The
primary goals of this research study were to
assess the effectiveness of APU’s ability to
serve its customers, identify areas for
improvement, and isolate areas that may
increase engagement.
The survey results again show high satisfaction with APU’s over all services, with high marks for reliability, safety, and value . Customers also expressed support and satisfaction with APU’s sustainability programs and initiatives , with mixed support for the State’s pace for renewable and carbon-free energy goals. In line with the 2018 IRP customer responses, customers remain concerned with potential cost increases related to increased renewable and carbon-free energy goals.
B. CUSTOMER SURVEY TYPES
DIGITAL AND OPEN SURVEY – RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS
The digital surveys were conducted by email invite among a random sampling of APU’s residential customers.
In addition to the digital surveys, APU further exte nded an open survey which was available to all APU customers. Social media and website announcements we re used to encourage customer participation over a one-month period.
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix B – Public Engagement
Anaheim Public Utilities
* APU announcement for 2022 residential customer satisfaction survey
C. SURVEY TOPICS AND SUMMARY RESULTS
APU sought customer input on the following topics: cust omer satisfaction, perceived value of services, clean energy goals, perceived air quality, solar energy initia tives, electric transportation, and APU rebate programs.
The survey results are summarized below:
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND PERCEIVED VALUE OF SERVICES
Customer satisfaction sets the tone of the survey. When customers are satisfied with APU, they tend to agree with APU’s approach to planning for the future. This set of questions was intended to assess customer sati sfaction with APU services and their perceived value of APU services for the price they pay.
Customers from all surveys overwhelmingly expressed their high satisfaction with APU electric services. Nine-out-of-ten customers, or 90.4% reported positive ratings (7, 8, 9, and 10 on 0-10 scale) for the reliability of electric services from APU.
Similarly, 89.7% of customers provided positive ratings regarding the safety of electric services they receive, and 74.2% of customers reported positive ratings for value of services. More than four-fifths of customers, or 86.3% indicated positive ratings for overall satisfaction with electric services. As a point of reference, the Ca lifornia Municipal Utilities Association’s (CMUA) 2016 Statewide Residential Survey showed municipal customers as having a 55% “very satisfied” score.
Customer Quote:
“I'm so happy to live in a community
with a reliable, cost-effective municipal
utility. These services add value to my
property and make Anaheim a desirable
place to live, work and raise a family." -
Jane O.
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix B – Public Engagement
Anaheim Public Utilities
Graph 80: Residential Customer Satisfaction Rating: APU vs. CMUA
IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY INITIATIVES
In this section, customers were asked about their thoughts on the importance of and experiences with environmental sustainability initiative s. When asked about drought condit ions in California, more than half (52.5%) of APU’s customers rated the seriousness of th e ongoing drought as being “dire”. As a utility that provides both water and electric services to its cust omers, APU solicited input on a series of questions pertaining to water and electricity sustainability initia tives, considering that water and energy systems are interdependent.
Graph 81: Customer Survey - Importance of Water Sustainability Initiatives
86.3%
55.0%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
%
Overall Satisfaction with Electric Services
2016 CMUA Statewide 2022 APU Residential
82.9% 79.4% 74.4% 66.4%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Capturing More Rain
Runoff
Expanding Water Storage Recycling Wastewater Desalination of Ocean Water
Importance of Water Sustainability Initiatives
% of Customers Scoring Initiative as "Important" (Scores 7-10 on a scale of 1-10) 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix B – Public Engagement
Anaheim Public Utilities
Over 95% of APU’s residential customers indicated that they have taken one or more measures to reduce indoor water use. Examples include fixing leaks, taking shorter showers, installing high efficiency appliances and low flow shower heads and toilets.
Graph 82: Customer Survey - Measures for Reducing Indoor Water Use
Approximately 68% of APU’s residential customers indicated they have taken one or more measures to reduce outdoor water use.
Some examples include replacing or fixing broken sprinklers, installing programmable irrigation controller, drip irrigation, artificial turf, or drought tolerant landscape.
Customer Quotes:
“APU is an amazing organization that is
doing its best to help us drive safely
towards the future and reduce our
impact on the environment.” -Erica W.
55.8%
70.3%
58.7%
48.1% 53.6%
7.2% 4.7%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Fix leaks Shorter showers High efficiency
appliances
Install low flow
shower head
Install low flow
toilet
Other None
Customer Measures for Reducing Indoor Water Use
% of Customers Indicating Action Taken on Initiative
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix B – Public Engagement
Anaheim Public Utilities
Graph 83: Customer Survey - Measures for Reducing Outdoor Water Use
APU customers were also asked about their thoughts on solar energy initiatives and their importance. Nearly four-fifths (79.9%) of customers responded that the “more solar at local homes and businesses with battery systems” initiative is an important sustainability initiative. Similarly, APU customers indicated that “more large-scale solar with batteries in remote areas that transmit into APU” as important. Nearly three-quarters of APU’s customers believe that initiatives that provide compensation for customers that voluntarily reduce energy usage during peak times or allow APU to control customer equipment (such as air conditioners) are important to them. Only 51.7% of APU’s customers feel that requiring time-of-use rates to reduce energy demand during peak times is an important initiative.
37.5%
50.8%
42.5%
18.1%
31.9%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Fix broken
sprinklers/leaks
Install
programmable/drip
irrigation
Install artificial
turf/drought tolerant
landscape
Other None
Customer Measures for Reducing Outdoor Water Use
% of Customers Indicating Action Taken on Initiative
Customer Quotes:
“I believe APU is trying to meet its
customers’ needs and has a progressive
outlook for the future. I appreciate their
forward thinking. With climate change upon
us we all have to conserve and respond
correctly. I think APU will help us towards
that goal.” – John D.
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix B – Public Engagement
Anaheim Public Utilities
Graph 84: Customer Survey – Importance of Solar Energy Initiatives
EXPANSION OF THE STATE’S CLEAN ENERGY GOALS
1. Support for the Pace of California’s Clean Energy Goals In its 2018 IRP, APU outlined it s plans to incr ease renewable power to 50% by 2030, reduce coal power to zero as contracts expire, and doing this over a 10-year period to keep the impact on electric rates to a minimum. Customers were asked to rate how strongly they support or oppose this approach, and
approximately 65% of APU’s residential customers supported that plan.
For the 2023 IRP, customers were asked for their thoughts on the timing of California’s 60% RPS and the additional goal to provide 100% carbon-free energy to all retail customers by the year 2045. Customer responses in dicate moderate support for the timing of the State’s clean energy goals with 42.9% of customers indicating the timing is “just right” while 26.9% indicate they are “too slow”.
79.9% 78.0% 74.0% 71.9% 69.8% 51.7%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
More solar and
local homes and
businesses
w/battery systems
More large scale
battery systems
with solar in remote
areas that transmit
to APU
Paying customers
to voluntarily
reduce energy use
during peak
demand times
Paying customers
for controlling their
equipment (e.g.,
thermostats)
More stand-alone
battery systems
Requiring
customers to
change to time-of-
use rates to reduce
energy during peak
demand times
Importance of Solar Energy Initiatives
% of Customers Scoring Initiative as "Important" (Scores 7-10 on a scale of 1-10)
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix B – Public Engagement
Anaheim Public Utilities
Graph 85: Customer Survey – Support for the Pace of California’s Clean Energy Goals
2. Support for California’s Expanded Clean Energy Goals As explained in APU’s 2018 IRP, it was expected that moving beyo nd the 50% RPS in place at the time would cause upward pressure on customer rates due to the costs associated with existing long- term contracts, owned generation assets, and the integration of renewable energy resources to the energy grid. All customers were asked how strongly they support or oppose going above a 50% RPS and any associated impact on rates. At the time of the 2018 IRP, less than one third of customers in all customer categories expressed strong support of APU going above 50% renewables when facing rate increases, indicating most APU customers were sensitive to any po tential rate increase associated with a higher renewable goal. When asked how much more they might be willing to pay for renewable energy beyond the 50% RPS, 20% indicated they would pay $10 or less on a bi-monthly bill to go beyond 50% and 36% indicated they would not be willing to pay extra at all.
Since the 2018 IRP, the passage of SB 100 expanded
California’s RPS to 60% by 2030 and added the carbon-free policy goal by 2045. For this IRP, APU asked customers if they would be willing to pay more to reach higher clean energy percentages faster than state law requires. Customer responses to the 2023 IRP surv ey are consistent with the customer responses from the 2018 IRP.
18.7%
26.9%
42.9%
11.4%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Don't Know/Unsure Too Slow Just Right Too Fast
Support for the Pace of California's Clean Energy Goals % of Residential Customer Responses
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix B – Public Engagement
Anaheim Public Utilities
Graph 86: Customer Survey – Customers Willing to Pay More to Accelerate Clean Energy Goals
The results indicate that a notice able percentage of customers were hesitant or unwilling to incur additional rate increases due to the State’s increased or accelerated Clean Energy goals.
AIR QUALITY
These questions were intended to collect information regarding customers’ thoughts about local air quality. The survey results showed that 53.8% of residential customers surveyed believe they experience excellent air quality (scored 7 to 10 on a scale of 0-10).
Graph 87: Customer Survey – Local Air Quality Ratings
1.4% 2.7% 4.0% 18.8% 26.7%
46.3%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Other Amount $30-$40 More $2 0-$30 More $10-$20 More Less than $10 Not Willing to Pay More
Customers Willing to Pay More to Reach Clean
Energy Goals Faster
% Customers Willing to Pay More to Reach Clean Energy Goals Faster
3.0%
14.2%
28.9%
53.8%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Don't Know/Unsure
Poor
Neutral
Excellent
Local Air Quality Ratings
% Residential Customer Responses
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix B – Public Engagement
Anaheim Public Utilities
Customers were also asked if air qua lity has improved, stayed the same , or worsened. Of all residential customers surveyed, 62.8% indicated that local air quality has improved or stayed the about the same. To help improve local air quality, APU recognizes the importance of transportation electrification and supports it with a variety of programs. More details can be found in Section X. Transportation Electrification
ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Only about 6% of residential customers surveyed for APU’s 2018 IRP indicated that they currently owned an electric vehicle (EV), with about 15% indicating they planned to acquire one within three years. The questions in the 2023 IRP sought customer input on whether or no t customers agreed with certain statements regarding EVs to gain a better understanding of how APU customers view electric vehicles today.
The 2023 IRP survey results indicated that 70.2% of residential customers feel that EVs are still too expensive to buy or lease, and there is still some apprehension wi th adequate charging infras tructure, EV range and the time it takes to charge the vehicle.
Graph 88: Customer Survey – Customer Opinions on Common EV Statements
SATISFACTIONS AND EXPERIENCE WITH SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAM REBATES In this section, customers were asked to rate their experience (or indicate if they had no experience) with APU’s rebate programs that are focused on sustainability and energy savings. These programs include home appliance rebates, free shade trees, free dusk-to-dawn lighting, free home utility checkup and refrigerator recycling. Most customers responding either indicated a positive experience with APU’s rebate programs or had not yet had an experience with any of the programs.
70.2%
58.1%
48.6%
43.4%
27.9%
10.0%
13.1%
13.1% 13.0% 12.0%
13.0%
10.8%
14.1% 13.6%
31.0%
6.9%
18.1%
24.3% 30.1%
29.1%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Too expensive to buy or
lease
Not enough charging
stations
EV range too low before a
charge is needed
EV takes too long to
charge
EV lacks performance
compared to a gasoline
powered vehicle
Customer Opinions on Common EV Statements
Agree (ratings 7-10) Neutral (ratings (5 or 6) Disagree ratings (1 to 4) Don't know/Not sure 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix B – Public Engagement
Anaheim Public Utilities
Graph 89: Customer Survey – Sustainability Program Rebates and Satisfaction Rating
All customer groups are motivated to use energy mo re efficiently both because of the benefit to the environment, and savings they would receive on their electric bills.
The survey results were incorporated in APU’s energy efficiency program design. More details may be found in Section XII. Energy Efficiency and Demand Resp onse Programs and Secti on XIII. Programs for Low Income and Disadvantaged Communities.
46.8% 44.7%
41.2% 38.9% 38.4%
6.9% 6.3% 5.7% 6.5% 7.2%
46.3% 48.9% 53.1% 54.6% 54.4%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Home Appliance
Rebates
TreePower
(free shade trees)
Free Dawn to Dusk
Lights
Free Home Utility
Checkup
Refrigerator Recycling
Sustainability Program Rebates and Residential Customer Satisfaction Rating
% Positive Experience % Negative Experience % No Experience with Rebate Programs 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix C – Acronyms and Definitions
Anaheim Public Utilities
APPENDIX C – ACRONYMS AND DEFINITIONS
Acronym Definition
AB Assembly Bill: Legislation that is either originated or modified in the California State Assembly.
AAEE
Additional Achievable Energy Efficiency: Defined by the CEC as incremental savings from the future market potential identified in utility potential studies not included in the baseline demand forecast, but reasonably expected to occur, including future updates of building codes, appliance regulations, and new or expanded investor-owned utility or publicly owned utility efficiency programs.
AAPV
Additional Achievable Photovoltaic: Defined by the CEC as estimated additional solar photovoltaic installations above the photovoltaic adoptions in the baseline demand forecast.
AMI
Advanced Metering Infrastructure: Refers to systems that measure, collect and analyze energy usage from advanced electric meters through various communication media on request or on a pre-defined schedule.
APPA American Public Power Association: National service organization representing the nation’s more than 2,000 publicly owned electric utilities.
APU Anaheim Public Utilities: The City of Anaheim Public Utilities Department.
AQMD
Air Quality Management District: State agency established to achieve and maintain healthful air quality. The agency’s air quality goal is accomplished through a comprehensive program of planning, regulation, compliance assistance.
BA
Balancing Authority: The responsible entity that integrates resource plans ahead of time, maintains load-interchange-generation balance within the area, and supports interconnection frequency in real time.
CAISO
California Independent System Operator: A non-profit independent system operator which oversees the operation of California's bulk electric power system, transmission lines, and electricity market generated and transmitted by its participants.
Cal-Adapt
Cal-Adapt: A not-for-profit organization providing data and information produced by State of California's scientific and research community, and offers a view of how climate change might affect California at the local level. Cal-Adapt's development is a key recommendation of the 2009 California Climate Adaptation Strategy.
CalEnviroScreen
California Communities Environmental Health Screening Tool: A web-based tool developed by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment to identify communities in California most burdened by pollution from multiples sources and most vulnerable to its effects, taking into account socioeconomic characteristics and underlying health status.
2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix C – Acronyms and Definitions
Anaheim Public Utilities
CalEPA
California Environmental Protection Agency: State agency created by the Governor’s Executive Order in 1991 which develops, implements and enforces the State’s environmental laws that regulate air, water and soil quality, pesticide use and waste recycling and reduction.
CalETC
California Electric Transportation Coalition: A non-profit association committed to the successful introduction and large-scale deployment of all forms of electric transportation including plug-in electric vehicles of all weight classes, transit buses, port electrification, off-road electric vehicles and equipment, and rail.
CARB
California Air Resources Board: California’s clean air agency. Responsible for promoting and protecting public health, welfare and ecological resources through the effective and efficient reduction of air pollutants while recognizing and considering the effects on the economy of the State.
CEC
California Energy Commission: The State's primary energy policy and energy planning agency. Responsible for ensuring publicly owned utilities’ compliance with the State’s Renewables Portfolio Standard and Title 20 data reporting requirements.
CDBG
Community Development Block Grant: As defined by the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Community Development Block Grant funds activities that benefit low- and moderate-income persons, the prevention or elimination of slums or blight, or other community development activities that address an urgent threat to health or safety.
City Council City Council of the City of Anaheim: The governing body of the City of Anaheim, which includes Anaheim Public Utilities.
CMUA
California Municipal Utilities Association: An association incorporated in 1933 to represent the interests of California’s publicly owned electric utilities before the California Legislature and other regulatory bodies.
CO2
Carbon Dioxide: A colorless, odorless gas found in the atmosphere that is associated with global warming. It is released into the atmosphere through the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas.
CO2e
Carbon Dioxide Equivalent: A standard unit for measuring carbon footprints. The idea is to express the impact of each different greenhouse gas in terms of the amount of CO2 that would create the same amount of warming.
CAIDI Customer Average Interruption Duration Index: Electric reliability index that measures how long it takes to restore service once a customer is interrupted.
CP
Compliance Period: The six compliance periods under the Renewables Portfolio Standard are defined in Public Utilities Code section 399.30 (c):
(1) Compliance Period 1: January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2013, inclusive. (2) Compliance Period 2: January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2016, inclusive. (3) Compliance Period 3: January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2020, inclusive. (4) Compliance Period 4: January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2024, inclusive. 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix C – Acronyms and Definitions
Anaheim Public Utilities
(5) Compliance Period 5: January 1, 2025, to December 31, 2027, inclusive. (6) Compliance Period 6: January 1, 2028, to December 31, 2030, inclusive.
CPUC
California Public Utilities Commission: Regulates California’s investor-owned electric utilities, telecommunications, natural gas, water and passenger transportation companies, in addition to household goods movers and the safety of rail transit.
CTG
Combustion Turbine Generator: Electric generator that is commonly powered by a natural gas burning turbine. The CTG burns natural gas to produce hot combustion gases that pass directly through the turbine, spinning the blades of the turbine to generate electricity. APU uses natural gas to run its CTG (also referred to as Kraemer Power Plant), which produces 48 MW of electricity for the city.
DAC
Disadvantaged Communities: Disadvantaged communities are designated by CalEPA, pursuant to Senate Bill 535 (De León), using the California Communities Environmental Health Screening Tool (“CalEnviroScreen”). Disadvantaged communities are identified by census tract and are those that scored at or above the 75th percentile.
DER
Distributed Energy Resource: Any resource on the distribution system that produces electricity. It may include technologies such as, rooftop solar, fuel cells or energy storage.
DOE Department of Energy: A cabinet-level department of the United States government responsible for the federal energy policies.
DSM
Demand-Side Management: The management of mechanisms and technologies such as efficiency measures and load-management practices that reduce or manage end-user demand.
EE
Energy Efficiency: Practices or programs designed to reduce the amount of energy required to provide the same service and level/quality of output. Some examples include: switching to LED lightbulbs, installing efficient appliances, installing new windows and re-insulating homes to use less energy for heating and cooling, including smart thermostats, etc.
EIA
Energy Information Administration: Statistical agency of the DOE created by Congress in 1977 that provides policy-independent data, forecasts and analyses to promote sound policy making, efficient markets and public understanding regarding energy, and its interaction with the economy and the environment.
EMA
Environmental Mitigation Adjustment: APU’s automatic upward or downward rate adjustment mechanism that recovers fluctuations in environmental mitigation costs related to the procurement, generation, transmission, or distribution of electricity.
EPA Environmental Protection Agency: Federal agency that develops rules and regulations concerning environmental protection, and monitors utilities and other industries. 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix C – Acronyms and Definitions
Anaheim Public Utilities
ES
Energy Storage: A system that stores energy and uses the stored energy at a later time.
Energy storage is recognized as an increasingly important element in the electricity system, being able to modulate demand and act as flexible generation when needed.
FERC
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission: An independent regulatory agency within the Department of Energy that regulates the transmission and sale of natural gas for resale in interstate commerce; regulates the transmission of oil by pipeline in interstate commerce; regulates the transmission and wholesale sale of electricity in interstate commerce; licenses and inspects private, municipal and state hydroelectric projects; oversees environmental matters related to natural gas, oil, electricity and hydroelectric projects; administers accounting and financial reporting regulations and conduct of jurisdictional companies; and approves site choices as well as abandonment of interstate pipeline facilities.
EV Electric vehicle. A vehicle which uses one or more electric motors for propulsion.
GHG Greenhouse gas. A gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation (e.g., carbon dioxide and methane).
IEPR
Integrated Energy Policy Report. A report adopted by the California Energy Commission and transmitted to the Governor and Legislature every two years. It includes trends and issues concerning electricity and natural gas, transportation, energy efficiency, renewables, and public interest energy research.
IPP
Intermountain Power Project: A coal-fired baseload power plant in Utah. APU executed a power sales agreement in the early 1980s for 13.225% of the energy output from this power plant. Thirty-six utilities serving California and Utah receive capacity and energy from this project.
IR
Integrated Resources: A work group under the Power Supply Division of Anaheim Public Utilities. It is responsible for long-term resource planning, regulatory compliance and renewable procurement.
IRP
Integrated Resource Plan: A long-term comprehensive plan that balances the mix of demand and supply resources over a long-term planning horizon to meet specified policy goals.
ISO
Independent System Operator: An agency created to operate, control and ensure the integrity of the integrated transmission grid independently of any generation, wholesale or retail market.
LADWP
Los Angeles Department of Water and Power: A publicly owned utility that supplies electric and water to residents and businesses in Los Angeles and surrounding communities.
LCR
Local Capacity Requirement: The minimum resource capacity required by the CAISO in each local area to meet established reliability criteria. CAISO performs annual studies to identify the local capacity requirement for the following calendar year. 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix C – Acronyms and Definitions
Anaheim Public Utilities
LEED
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design: One of the most popular green building certification programs used worldwide. Developed by the non-profit Green Building Council, it includes a set of rating systems for the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of green buildings, homes, and neighborhoods that aims to help building owners and operators be environmentally responsible and use resources efficiently.
LI-DAC
Low Income and Disadvantaged Communities: Disadvantaged communities are designated by CalEPA using the California Communities Environmental Health Screening Tool. Low income communities are defined by the Department of Housing and Urban Development as Community Development Block Grant areas. Combined, these two areas are designated by APU as low income and disadvantaged communities.
LIHEAP
Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program: APU program that provides monetary assistance to low income households for the payment of utility bills and creation of payment plans for customers that have past-due account balances.
LSE
Load Serving Entities: An entity that serves end users within the CAISO area and has been granted authority or has an obligation pursuant to state or local law, regulation, or franchise to sell electric energy to end users.
LUC
The Latino Utilities Coalition: An outreach and advocacy group established by APU to help solicit input and feedback on utility matters pertaining to the Latino community.
Members are comprised of community leaders, city policy makers, school administrators, concerned citizens, and members of the business community.
MTCO2e
Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent: A metric measure used to compare the emissions from different greenhouse gases based upon their global warming potential.
It can also be converted to KGCO2e (=MTCOT2*1,000) or MMTCO2e (=MTCOT2/1,000).
NCPA Northern California Power Agency: A not-for-profit Joint Powers Agency, whose members are publicly owned utilities located in Northern California.
NEM
Net energy metering: A special billing arrangement that provides credit to customers with eligible renewable electric generation facility (e.g., solar photovoltaic systems) for the electricity the system adds to the electric grid.
NERC
North American Electric Reliability Council: A not-for-profit international regulatory authority whose mission is to assure the effective and efficient reduction of risks to the reliability and security of the grid. NERC develops and enforces Reliability Standards; annually assesses seasonal and long‐term reliability; monitors the bulk power system through system awareness; and educates, trains, and certifies industry personnel.
PCC Portfolio Content Category: It refers to one of three categories of electricity products procured from an eligible renewable energy resource, as specified in Section 3203 of 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix C – Acronyms and Definitions
Anaheim Public Utilities
49 http://www.energy.ca.gov/portfolio/
CEC’s Enforcement Procedures for the Renewable Portfolio Standard for Local Publicly Owned Electric Utilities49.
PG&E Pacific Gas & Electric: An investor-owned utility that provides natural gas and electric services to Northern and Central California.
PV
Photovoltaics: Commonly seen on rooftop solar panels, the technology covers the conversion of light into electricity using semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect.
RA Resource adequacy. The CAISO requirements that ensures sufficient capacity exists for grid-wide reliability, including system capacity, local and flexible capacity requirements.
PCA
Power Cost Adjustment: APU’s automatic upward or downward rate adjustment mechanism that recovers the fluctuations in power supply costs and other relevant operational costs.
PEV Plug-in Electric Vehicle: A vehicle that draws electricity from a battery and is capable of being charged from an external source.
POU Publicly Owned Utilities: Not-for-profit utilities that are owned by customers and subject to local public control and regulation.
PUB Public Utilities Board: APU’s advisory board comprised of seven Anaheim residents that makes recommendations to the City Council on major APU issues.
RP3
Reliable Public Power Provider: The RP3 designation lasts three years and recognizes utilities that demonstrate high proficiency in reliability, safety, work force development, and system improvement. In 2017, the American Public Power Association recognized APU once again as a (RP3). Of the 2,000 public power utilities nation‐wide, only 235 hold the RP3 designation.
RPS
Renewable Portfolio Standard: A State program that by law requires utilities in California to increase the production and procurement of energy from renewable energy resources, such as wind, solar, biomass, and geothermal.
RSA
Rate Stabilization Adjustment: Automatic upward or downward rate adjustment mechanism that recovers the cost of fluctuating power supply costs. It contains two components (1) a Power Cost Adjustment (PCA) to recover fluctuations in power supply costs and other relevant operational costs, and (2) an Environmental Mitigation Adjustment (EMA) to recover fluctuations in environmental mitigation costs related to the procurement, generation, transmission, or distribution of electricity. 2023 Integrated Resource Plan
Appendix C – Acronyms and Definitions
Anaheim Public Utilities
SAIDI System Average Interruption Duration Index: Electric reliability index that measures how long the average customer is interrupted.
SAIFI System Average Interruption Frequency Index: Electric reliability index measured by recording how many times service is interrupted.
SB Senate Bill: Legislation that is either originated or modified in the California State Senate.
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition: Information systems used in industry to monitor and control plant status and provide logging facilities.
SCAQMD
South Coast Air Quality Management District: An air pollution control agency responsible for regulating sources of air pollution in the South Coast Air Basin in Southern California.
SCE Southern California Edison (Company): The largest investor-owned electric utilities serving Central and Southern California.
SCPPA Southern California Public Power Authority: A joint powers agency comprised of eleven publicly owned utilities and one irrigation district located Southern California.
SP-15 South of Path 15: South of California transmission Path 15, a CAISO pricing zone covering Southern California.
TOU Time of Use: Billing rate structure that allows customers to reduce electricity costs by shifting energy use to off-peak hours during which they are charged a lower rate.
ZEV Zero-emission vehicles: A vehicle that emits no exhaust gas from its source of power, such as plug-in electric vehicles and hydrogen electric vehicles.