CITY OF ANAHEIM
SEWER SYSTEM MANAGEMENT PLAN
May 2025
The City of Anaheim
Department of Public Works
200 South Anaheim Boulevard
Anaheim, California 92805
Certification
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
i May 2025
I certify under penalty of law that this Sewer System Management Plan, and the subparts contained herein, comply with the requirements set forth in the General Waste Discharge Requirements (WDRs) for Sanitary Sewer Systems, Order No. 2022-0103 within the time frames identified in the schedule provided in WDRs and as amended by a Memorandum of Agreement executed on June 27, 2006 between the Executive Director of the SWRCB and the California Water Environment Association. I further certify that this document and all attachments were prepared under the City’s direction and supervision in accordance with its policies and procedures to assure that qualified personnel properly provided, evaluated, and incorporated the information reflected in this document, that the information included in this document is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete, and that this document has been duly presented to and approved by the City Council on the _____ day of ______________,______
Rudy Emami Date
Director of Public Works
Acknowledgements
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
ii May 2025
Acknowledgements The City of Anaheim would like to acknowledge the following individuals for their outstanding efforts and contributions, which resulted in the creation of this document. The comprehensive plans included herein reflect the City’s on-going commitment to the effective and efficient operation, maintenance and management of its wastewater collection system and achieving the City’s goals and objectives.
City of Anaheim
Dan DeBassio Deputy Director of Public Works
Ayumi Takayasu Public Works Operations Manager
Eddie De La Torre Streets and Sanitation Manager
Gabirel Almanza Public Works Operations Superintendent Jeffrey Roncevich Crew Supervisor
Bill Grigsby Principal Civil Engineer
Keith Linker Principal Civil Engineer
Table of Contents
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
iii May 2025
Acronyms .......................................................................................................................................... vi
Chapter 1: Sewer System Management Plan Goal and Introduction ........................................................ 1-1
1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.2 Regulatory Context ....................................................................................................................... 1-2
1.3 Sewer System Management Plan Update Schedule ..................................................................... 1-3
1.4 Sewer System Asset Overview ...................................................................................................... 1-6
Chapter 2: Organization ............................................................................................................................. 2-1
2.1 Identification of Legally Responsible Official (LRO) ...................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Organizational Structure ............................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2.1 Governance ................................................................................................................................... 2-2
2.2.2 Wastewater Maintenance Organization ....................................................................................... 2-2
2.3 Chain of Communication for Reporting Spills ............................................................................... 2-3
2.4 General Descriptions of Key Personnel Responsibilities............................................................... 2-3
2.5 City Communication Structure for Collection System Issues ........................................................ 2-8
2.6 SSMP Communication Structure ................................................................................................... 2-8
2.7 Summary and Continuing Efforts ................................................................................................ 2-11
Chapter 3: Legal Authority ......................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1 Background for Legal Authority .................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2 Summary and Evaluation of the City’s Existing Legal Authority ................................................... 3-2
3.3 Prevention of Illicit Discharges ..................................................................................................... 3-3
3.4 Prohibit the Discharge of Fats, Oils, Grease (FOG) Rags, Debris and Other Trash ....................... 3-3
3.5 Collaborate with Storm Sewer Agencies to Coordinate Emergency Spill Responses, Ensure Access to Storm Sewer Systems During Spill Events, Prevent Unintentional Cross-Connections ........... 3-4
3.6 Accessibility for Maintenance, Inspection, and Repair ................................................................. 3-4
3.7 Violation Enforcement .................................................................................................................. 3-5
3.8 Obtain Easement Accessibility Agreements ................................................................................. 3-5
Chapter 4: Operation and Maintenance Program ..................................................................................... 4-1
4.1 Updated Map of Sanitary Sewer System ...................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 City’s Operation and Maintenance Program ................................................................................ 4-2
4.2.1 Preventative Operations and Maintenance Activities ........................................................ 4-2
4.3 Sanitary Sewer System Inspection and Condition Assessment Program ..................................... 4-4
4.4 Training ......................................................................................................................................... 4-5
4.5 Equipment Inventory .................................................................................................................... 4-6
Chapter 5: Design and Performance Provisions ........................................................................................ 5-1
5.1 Discussion on Design and Performance Provisions ...................................................................... 5-1 Table of Contents
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5.2 Updated Design Criteria and Construction Standards and Specifications .................................... 5-1
5.3 Procedures and Standards ............................................................................................................ 5-2
Chapter 6: Spill Emergency Response Plan ................................................................................................ 6-1
6.1 Discussion of Spill Emergency Response Plan .............................................................................. 6-2
6.2 Spill Notification Procedures ........................................................................................................ 6-2
6.3 Spill Response ............................................................................................................................... 6-3
6.4 Procedures for Prompt Notification of Regulatory Agencies ....................................................... 6-3
6.5 Training of Appropriate Staff and Contractors ............................................................................. 6-3
6.6 Emergency Procedures and Response Activities .......................................................................... 6-4
6.7 Spill Prevention and Containment ................................................................................................ 6-4
6.8 Conduct Post Spill Response Assessments ................................................................................... 6-4
6.9 Document and Report Spill Events ............................................................................................... 6-5
6.10 Spill Response ............................................................................................................................... 6-5
Chapter 7: Sewer Pipe Blockage Control Program..................................................................................... 7-1
7.1 Discussion on Sewer Pipe Blockage Control Program .................................................................. 7-1
7.2 Public Education Program ............................................................................................................. 7-2
7.3 Disposal of Pipe Blockage Substances .......................................................................................... 7-2
7.4 Legal Authority to Prohibit Discharges ......................................................................................... 7-3
7.5 Requirements for Installation of Pretreatment Devices ............................................................... 7-3
7.6 Facility Inspection ......................................................................................................................... 7-4
7.7 Maintenance Schedule for High Frequency Maintenance Locations ........................................... 7-4
7.8 Development and Implementation of Source Control Measures ................................................ 7-5
Chapter 8: System Evaluation and Condition Assessment ........................................................................ 8-1
8.1 System Evaluation and Condition Assessment ............................................................................. 8-2
8.1.1 Evaluation ............................................................................................................................ 8-3
8.1.2 System Inspection and Condition Assessment Program ..................................................... 8-4
8.1.3 Vulnerability to Direct and Indirect Impacts of Climate Change ........................................ 8-4
8.2 Capacity Assessment and Design Criteria ..................................................................................... 8-4
8.2.1 Hydraulic Model Development ........................................................................................... 8-4
8.2.2 Estimated Wastewater Generation Rates ........................................................................... 8-6
8.2.3 System Capacity Analysis .................................................................................................... 8-9
8.2.4 Capacity Enhancement Measures ....................................................................................... 8-9
8.3 Prioritization of Corrective Actions ............................................................................................... 8-9
8.4 Capacity Improvement Plan ........................................................................................................ 8-10
Table of Contents
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v May 2025
Chapter 9: Monitoring, Measurement and Program Modifications .......................................................... 9-1
9.1 Discussion of Monitoring, Measurement, and Program Modifications ....................................... 9-1
9.2 Maintaining Relevant Information Pertaining to SSMP Activities ................................................ 9-1
9.3 Monitoring the Implementation and Measuring the Effectiveness of SSMP Elements ............... 9-2
9.4 Assessing the Success of Preventative Maintenance Program..................................................... 9-2
9.5 Updating Program Procedures and Activities ............................................................................... 9-2
9.6 Identifying and Illustrating Spill Trends ........................................................................................ 9-3
9.7 SSMP Modifications ...................................................................................................................... 9-3
Chapter 10: Internal Audits ...................................................................................................................... 10-1
10.1 Discussion of SSMP Program Audits ........................................................................................... 10-1
Chapter 11: Communication Program ..................................................................................................... 11-1
11.1 Discussion of Communication Program ...................................................................................... 11-1
11.2 Public Education and Outreach Media ....................................................................................... 11-3
Figures
Figure 1-1: City of Anaheim – City Boundary ............................................................................................. 1-5 Figure 1-2: City of Anaheim GIS-Based Sewer Atlas Map .......................................................................... 1-7 Figure 2-1: Overall Organizational Chart of City ........................................................................................ 2-4 Figure 2-2: Organizational Chart of Positions Supporting the Sanitary Sewer System ............................. 2-6 Figure 2-3: Communication Plan and SSMP Responsibilities ................................................................... 2-10
Tables
Table 1-1: WDR Requirements and Chapter Location ............................................................................... 1-3 Table 10-1: City of Anaheim SSMP Audit and Update Schedule ............................................................. 10-2
Appendices
Appendix A: City of Anaheim Public Works Wastewater Organizational Chart Appendix B: City of Anaheim Operations and Maintenance Program Appendix C: City of Anaheim Fats, Oils, and Grease Source Control Program Rules and Regulations Appendix D: City of Anaheim Spill Emergency Response Plan Appendix E: City of Anaheim Sewer Design Manual and Standard Details Appendix F: Contract Documents and Standard Specification Supplement Appendix G: Public Outreach
Acronyms/Abbreviations
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
vi May 2025
AC Acre
AMC City of Anaheim Municipal Code
BMP Best Management Practices
CAO Chief Administrative Officer
CCTV Closed Circuit Television
CMMS Computer Maintenance Management System
CIP Capital Improvement Program
CIPP Cured-in-Place Pipe lining
City City of Anaheim
CIWQS California Integrated Water Quality System
CPC California Plumbing Code
CWA Clean Water Act
CWEA California Water Environment Association
DPW Director of Public Works
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
FIP Financial Implementation Plan
FOG Fats, Oils, and Grease
FSE Food Service Establishment
GIS Geographic Information System
gpcd Gallons per Capita per Day
gpd Gallons per Day
HFMS High Frequency Maintenance Sites
I/I Inflow and Infiltration
LRO Legally Responsible Official
MRP Monitoring and Reporting Program
NASSCO National Association of Sewer Service Companies NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
O&M Operations and Maintenance
OCHCA Orange County Health Care Agency
OCSD or OC San Orange County Sanitation District
Acronyms/Abbreviations
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PACP Pipeline Assessment and Certification Program
PLSD Private Lateral Sewage Discharge
PIO Public Information Office
SARWQCB Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board SPPWC Standard Plans for Public Works Construction
SSMP Sewer System Management Plan
Spill A discharge of sewage from any portion of a sanitary sewer system due to a sanitary sewer system overflow, operational failure, and/or infrastructure failure.
SERP Spill Emergency Response Plan
SWRCB State Water Resources Control Board
WDR Waste Discharge Requirements
Chapter 1: Sewer System Management Plan Goal and Introduction City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
1-1 May 2025
1.1 Introduction
This Sewer System Management Plan (SSMP) has been prepared in compliance with the requirements of the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB), Order 2022-0103, Statewide General Waste Discharge Requirements (WDRs) for Sanitary Sewer Systems. The goal of the WDRs is to provide a consistent statewide approach for reducing sanitary sewer spills(spills). This chapter includes a brief overview of the City of Anaheim’s (City’s) service area and sanitary sewer system, a summary of the regulations that serve as the impetus for the development of this SSMP, and the purpose and organization of this SSMP.
Chapter 1 of this SSMP addresses the requirements included in Attachment D -1 of the Order. The requirements state:
Sewer System Management Plan Goal and Introduction: The goal of the SSM P (Plan) is to provide a plan and schedule to: 1) properly manage, operate, and maintain all parts of the Enrollee’s sanitary sewer system(s), 2) reduce and prevent spills, and 3) contain and mitigate spills that do occur. The Plan must include a narrative introduction section that discusses the following items:
(a) Regulatory Context: a general description of the SSMP and discuss Plan implementation and updates.
(b) A schedule for the Enrollee to update the Plan, including the schedule for conducting internal audits. The schedule must include milestones for incorporation of activities addressing prevention of sewer spills. (c) Sewer System Asset Overview: a description of the Enrollee- owned assets and service area, including but not limited to: location, including county(ies), service area boundary, population and community served, system size (including total length in miles, length of gravity mainlines, length of pressurized (force) mains, and number of pump stations and siphons), structures diverting stormwater to the sewer station, data management systems, sewer system ownership responsibilities between Enrollee and private entities for upper and lower sewer laterals, estimated number or percent of residential, commercial and industrial service connections and unique service boundary conditions and challenge(s). (d) Additionally, the Plan must provide reference to the Enrollee’s up- to-date map of its sanitary sewer system, as required in Section 4.1 of the WDR 2022 -0103- DWQ (Order).
Chapter 1: Sewer System Management Plan Goal and Introduction
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
1-2 May 2025
1.2 Regulatory Context
On May 2, 2006, the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) adopted Order Number 2006 -0003- DWQ (2006 Order) , the Waste Discharge Requirements (WDRs), which required all federal and state agencies, municipalities, counties, districts, and other public entities that own or operate a wastewater collection system greater than one (1) mile in length to develop and i mplement a system specific Sewer System Management Plan (SSMP/Plan) to document how an agency will manage its wastewater collection system. The WDRs serve to provide a unified statewide approach for reporting and tracking spills, establishing consistent an d uniform requirements for SSMP development and implementation, establishing consistency in reporting, and facilitating consistent enforcement for violations.
On July 30, 2013, the SWRCB adopted Order No. WQ 2013 -0058-EXEC (2013 MRP) amending the monitoring and reporting procedures listed in the original Order. The purpose of the WDRs is to prevent sanitary sewer spills (spills) by establishing a statewide monit oring and reporting program and requiring each sewer agency to create and implement their own SSMP. The Order requires that each agency appoint a Legally Responsible Official (LRO) to establish a monitoring and reporting organization to monitor and report all spills.
On December 6, 2022, the SWRCB adopted Order No. WQ 2022 -0103-DWQ (Order) which updated the requirements of the 2006 Order and 2013 MRP. The 2022 Order requires 1) updates to the SSMP every six (6) years after the required due date of the Enrollee’s last Plan update, and 2) an internal audit of the SSMP at a minimum frequency of once every three (3) years. Each agency must present the Development Plan and Schedule to its governing body at a public meeting prior to certifying the document.
Subsequently, this 2025 SSMP update will address the findings of the most recent SSMP audit. The City of Anaheim (City) last certified its SSMP in April 2025 and will recertify the SSMP every six (6) years.
This SSMP documents the City’s system specific plans and programs to operate, maintain, and manage its wastewater collection system. Goals of the SSMP include:
• Minimizing the frequency and impact of sanitary sewer spills (spills); • Effectively and efficiently mitigating the impacts of spills should they occur; • Providing adequate sewer capacity to convey peak flows; • Maintaining and improving the condition of the collection system infrastructure to provide continual reliable service; and
• Engaging and educating the public regarding programs and issues related to the wastewater collection system.
The City’s SSMP complies with the established Order and provides the necessary measures to reduce and prevent spills, and to mitigate the effects of spills that do occur. This SSMP includes the various plans and programs that comprise a comprehensive SSMP. The completion dates for each mandatory element are determined according to the size of population served by the federal and state agencies, municipalities, counties, districts, and other public entities that own or operate a sanitary sewer system. Based on an Chapter 1: Sewer System Management Plan Goal and Introduction
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
1-3 May 2025
estimated population of approximately 340,000 customers, the City must comply with the schedule provided for agencies that serve a population greater than 100,000.
The Table 1-1 includes a summary of the mandatory components required by the WDRs and included in the City’s SSMP.
Table 1-1
WDR Requirements and Chapter Location
WDR Element Element Description Chapter
(i) Sewer System Management Plan Goal and Introduction 1 (ii) Organization 2
(iii) Legal Authority 3
(iv) Operation and Maintenance Program 4
(v) Design and Performance Provisions 5
(vi) Spill Emergency Response Plan 6
(vii) Sewer Pipe Blockage Control Program 7
(viii) System Evaluation, Capacity Assurance and Capital Improvements
8 (ix) Monitoring, Measurement and Program Modifications 9 (x) Internal Audits 10
(xi) Communication Program 11
1.3 Sewer System Management Plan Update Schedule
The previous Order 2006 -0003-DWQ required each enrollee to develop its initial Sewer System Management Plan per the following schedule (based on population served), with required Plan updates at a frequency of five years thereafter:
Systems serving populations: Greater than 100,000: May 2, 2009 Between 100,000 and 10,000: August 2, 2009
Between 10,000 and 2,500: May 2, 2010
Less than 2,500: August 2, 2010
The new Order 2022 -0103-DWQ (General Order) carries forth the previously required Plan Update schedule per Order 2006 -0003-DWQ. Per the six- year Plan Update frequency requirement of the new General Order, the Enrollee shall certify and upload its first Plan Update, to the on -line California Integrated Water Quality System (CIWQS) Sanitary Sewer System Database by the following due dates, with subsequent Plan Updates at the frequency of six years thereafter:
Systems serving populations: Greater than 100,000: May 2, 2025 Between 100,000 and 10,000: August 2, 2025
Between 10,000 and 2,500: May 2, 2026
Less than 2,500: August 2, 2026
Chapter 1: Sewer System Management Plan Goal and Introduction
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
1-4 May 2025
The City of Anaheim serves a population of just over 340,000, based on 2020 Census conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. This number is greater than 100,000 threshold, hence, the due date for uploading the City’s Plan update is May 2, 2025. After this submission, the next scheduled update will be due in May 2031.
Once adopted by the City Council, this updated SSMP will be certified by the Public Works Operations Manager as the Legally Responsible Official (LRO), uploaded to the CIWQS Sanitary Sewer System Database pursuant to General Order 2022-0103-DWQ and posted on the City’s website.
Pursuant to the new Order, the City shall have an internal audit of this updated SSMP at a minimum frequency of once every three (3) years. Th e audit will be conducted within three years of the adoption of this updated SSMP or the last SSMP audit. Within six months after the end of the required 3-year audit period, the Legally Responsible Official shall submit an Audit Report into the online CIWQS Sanitary Sewer System Database per the requirements of the General Order 2022-0103-DWQ.
A detailed schedule of SSMP updates and audits, along with a list of required audit contents is denoted in Section 10 of this document.
Chapter 1: Sewer System Management Plan Goal and Introduction
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Sewer System Management Plan
1-5 May 2025
Figure 1-1
City of Anaheim – City Boundary
Chapter 1: Sewer System Management Plan Goal and Introduction
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Sewer System Management Plan
1-6 May 2025
1.4 Sewer System Asset Overview
The City provides sewer service throughout the City service area and to a limited area outside the City limits. The areas of service are composed of residential, commercial and industrial land uses. As illustrated in Figure 1 -1, in addition to the City of Anaheim, the City’s service area includes portions of Fullerton, Garden Grove, Cypress, and unincorporated areas of Orange County.
The City’s wastewater collection system consists of approximately 570 miles of gravity sewer, 11,000 manholes and 124 siphons. The wastewater generated in the City is collected by the City’s wastewater collection system and conveyed to the Orange County Sanitation District’s (OCSD) trunk lines for further treatment and final discharge. City’s sewer system is divided into three (3) zones – West, East, and Central Anaheim sewer system areas. W ithin the West Anaheim area, OCSD trunk sewers are located on Kno tt Avenue, Western Avenue, Orange Avenue, Magnolia Avenue and Euclid Avenue. The remainder of the wastewater flows into neighboring cities including City of Buena Park, City of Stanton, and City of Garden Grove. Within the East Anaheim sewer system area, the City’s system connects to OCSD trunk sewers that are primarily located along La Palma Avenue and Miraloma Avenue. Also, within the Central Anaheim sewer system area the City acquired four trunk sewers from the OCSD , with four different diversions implemented around these trunk lines, which have the capability to redirect sewer flow in these trunk pipelines. The sanitary sewer collection system does not accept diversions from stormwater collection systems.
In 2005, the City developed a geographic information system (GIS) and transitioned hand -drawn sewer system atlases to a GIS -based sewer atlas. The GIS -based atlas shows the location of gravity sewer lines and manholes, easements, and recall locations (Figure 1-2, City of Anaheim GIS-Based Sewer Atlas Map).
A separate map that shows the location of all storm water conveyance facilities is also available to field staff via desktop computers. The City is currently working to switch a new GIS system (MaintStar GIS integration with asset management software).
Any necessary corrections to the sewer atlas identified by City staff and contractors are provided to the Operations Supervisor or the Operations Crew Supervisor, who then relay the recommended corrections to the GIS Group for review and, where appropriate , application to the atlas. In the past, the City would apply the revisions by red-lining of a master copy of the paper atlas, but revisions are now made directly to the GIS.
When it comes to the sewer system ownership and operation responsibilities between the City and private entities, sewer laterals that drain each privately owned parcel or property are owned and maintained by the property owners. The City provides informational brochures for property owners on its website to educate them on sewer lateral maintenance and simple steps that homeowners can take to prevent future sewer-related issues on their property. This information can be found at the following link:
https://www.anaheim.net/450/Storm-Drain-Sewer-Maintenance
Chapter 1: Sewer System Management Plan Goal and Introduction
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
1-7 May 2025
The only unique service area challenges that the City may experience when it comes to the sewer system design and maintenance may be encountered within its newer residential areas that are located in rolling terrain, in the foothills of the Santa Ana Mountains.
The City of Anaheim State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) California Integrated Water Quality System (CIWQS) collection system ID or waste discharge identification (WDID) number is 8SSO10542. An up-to-date map of the City’s sanitary sewer system is provided in Figure 1 -2 below and can be made readily available to the SWRCB staff upon request.
Figure 1-2
City of Anaheim GIS-Based Sewer Atlas Map
Chapter 2: Organization
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
2-1 May 2025
2.1 Identification of Legally Responsible Official (LRO) The Public Works Operations Manager is the City’s Legally Responsible Official (LRO) and authorized representative registered with the State of California to officially sign and certify spill reports submitted via CIWQS. The LRO is also responsible for certifying the SSMP milestones. Alternate LROs include the Public Works Operations Superintendent, the Streets and Sanitation Manager, Safety Administrator Principal Engineer, and Operations Supervisor. The Public Works Operations Manager contact number is (714) 765-6860
2.2 Organizational Structure
An organizational chart for the City’s Department of Public Works serves to identify the administrative, maintenance, and management positions responsible for implementing, managing, and updating the overall measures included in this SSMP. This chapter ide ntifies the City’s staff that are responsible for implementing the plans and progress included in the SSMP, responding to spill events, and meeting the spill reporting requirements.
The communication plan that accompanies the organizational chart serves to define the role of each position to ensure that all elements of this SSMP are addressed on a regular basis and that all appropriate staff are properly informed. A specific response and notification plan to document the sanitary sewer overflow emergency response and reporting procedures was developed and is included in the City of Chapter 2 of this SSMP addresses the requirements included in Attachment D-2 of the Order. The requirements state:
Organization: The Plan must identify organizational staffing responsible and integral for implementing the local SSMP through an organizational chart or similar narrative documentation that includes:
(a) The name of the legally responsible or authorized representative as requir ed in Section 5.1 of the Order;
(b) The position titles, telephone numbers and email addresses for management, administrative, and maintenance positions responsible for implementing specific SSMP elements;
(c) Organizational lines of authority; and
(d) Chain of communication for reporting spills, from receipt of complaint or other information, including the person responsible for reporting spills to the State and Regional Water Board and other agencies as applicable (such as County Health Officer, County Environmental Health Agency, Regional Water Board, and/or State Office of Emergency Services (OES)).
Chapter 2: Organization
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Anaheim Spill Emergency Response Plan (SERP) included in Appendix D. The response procedure identifies the staff positions responsible for managing the spill response, investigating the spill cause, and reporting the spill to the appropriate parties. The SERP also includes a consolidated list of contact information of key personnel with regard to spills . The sequence of communication for reporting spills, and the appropriate agencies to be notified, is also included.
The City’s organizational structure for the Public Works Operations staff, who are responsible for implementing and overseeing the SSMP program, is described in the following sections. Additionally, the general responsibilities of the personnel and chain of communication are included.
2.2.1 Governance
The City’s elected governing body is composed of five (5) elected officials including the mayor and four (4) City council members. Each member is elected to a four- year term, with terms overlapping. The City Council develops the policies of the City and is responsible for appointing a City Manager/Chief Administrative Officer (CAO) to oversee the daily operations of the City. The City Manager/CAO is directly responsible to the City Council for the administration and daily operations of all City functions. T he City Council must certify the completed SSMP and ultimately share the responsibility that the sanitary sewer system is managed efficiently.
Under policy direction of the City Manager/CAO, the Deputy City Manager oversees and leads the daily overall City operations, long-term operating strategy, master planning and Capital Improvement Program (CIP) and budget. In response to the administrative direction from the City Manager/CAO, the Deputy City Manager oversees the following departments:
• Planning
• Community Development
• Public Works
Figure 2-1, Overall Organizational Chart of the City, illustrates the overall organizational chart for the City and the Department of Public Works as the principal division that will be responsible for the implementation of the SSMP elements.
2.2.2 Wastewater Maintenance Organization
The Director of Public Works, who reports directly to the Deputy City Manager, oversees six (6) Divisions which include the Administration, Engineering, Construction Services, Financial and Administrative Services, Public Works Operations, and Fleet and Facility Services. Within the Operations Division, there are nineteen (19) staff positions that support the operation and maintenance of the sanitary sewer system and include the following:
• Public Works Operations Manager (1)
• Streets and Sanitation Manager (1)
• Public Works Operations Superintendent (1)
• Public Works Operations Supervisor (1)
Chapter 2: Organization
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Sewer System Management Plan
2-3 May 2025
• Crew Supervisor (1)
• Sewer Machine Operator (5)
• Street Maintenance Worker (8)
• Part Time Office Specialist II (1)
All nineteen (19) positions are currently filled. In addition to the staff within the Public Works Operations Division, personnel from the other divisions assist with their time in support of the Public Works Operations Division. The Planning Department, E ngineering Division, Construction Services, Fleet and Facility Services provide coordination and technical support staff that also assist in the implementation of various elements of the SSMP.
The organizational chart presented in Figure 2-2, Organizational Chart of Positions Supporting the Sanitary Sewer System, shows the departments, divisions, sections, and positions identified within the City’s current organization that are responsible for concurrently implementing and managing various components of plans and procedures required to satisfy all elements of the SSMP.
Highlighted on the organizational chart are the current fiscal year’s budgeted positions in the Public Works Operations Division, the section that is primarily responsible for operating and maintaining the sanitary sewer system. The boxes shown in dashed l ines identify departments and divisions that provide some day-to-day support of the sanitary sewer system, but these divisions also have other, unrelated duties.
Examples of functions delivered by these divisions include engineering and system mapping assi stance, permit oversight and possible heavy construction support.
The organizational chart will be revised to reflect the updated key staff positions, responsibilities between the divisions that support the Public Works Operations activities, changes in the restructuring of chains - of-command made to better align responsibilities and the ability of staff to comply with the WDRs, and to include changes and additions to positions for activities needed to successfully implement the SSMP.
Although compilation and maintenance of up -to-date contact lists is required for complian ce with the WDRs, it has been included separately in the SERP to facilitate routine updates.
2.3 Chain of Communication for Reporting Spills
A communication structure related specifically to spill response and reporting is discussed in Chapter 6 of this SSMP and more thoroughly documented in Appendix D, which contains a copy of the City’s SERP.
2.4 General Descriptions of Key Personnel Responsibilities The following information provides a brief summary of the roles and responsibilities for City staff supporting the sanitary sewer system , as illustrated in Figure 2 -2. A more detailed Organization Chart is provided in Appendix A.
Chapter 2: Organization
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Sewer System Management Plan
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Figure 2-1
City of Anaheim Overall Organizational Chart
Mayor &
City Council Members (6)
City Treasurer
City Manager/CAO
City Attorney
City Clerk
Audit
Police
Fire & Rescue
Public Utilities
Assistant City Manager
Deputy City Manager
Community Services
Public Works
Finance
Human Resources
Planning & Building
Convention,
Sports &
Entertainment
Community
Development
City Manager/Chief Administrative Officer
The City Manager plans, directs and reviews the overall activities and operations of the City, coordinates activities with other outside agencies and organizations, and provides highly responsible and complex administrative support to the City Council. The City Manager/CAO also develops and implements goals, policies and procedures, oversees the annual budget in accordance with the City Charter and City Council directives, evaluates the effectiveness of the City’s organizational structure, manages the City’s work plan and economic development activities, negotiates contracts and participates on boards and commissions.
Chapter 2: Organization
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Senior Administrative Assistant
The Senior Administrative Assistant provides highly responsible and confidential secretarial and administrative assistance to the City Manager/CAO and the City Council, and performs a variety of tasks relative to assigned area of responsibility.
Deputy City Manager
Under policy direction of the City Manager, the Deputy City Manager is responsible for providing guidance and direction to ensure the efficient management and effective operation of City services. The Deputy City Manager exercises leadership with department heads, prepares and presents programs for approval to the City Manager and City Council and coordinates the implementation of approved programs and projects for accomplishing the City’s short- and long-term goals and objectives.
The Deputy City Manager may represent the City Manager before other local government entities, state government departments, elected officials and other non -profit agencies. The Deputy City Manager is responsible for responding to citizens’ complaints and concerns on behalf of the City Manager, assisting in the preparation and review of the City budget, and preparing and reviewing bid specifications.
Director of Public Works
The Director of Public Works (DPW) plans, directs, manages and oversees the activities and operations of the Public Works Department including the Administrative Division, the Engineering Division, Construction Services, Financial and Administrative Services, Public Works Operations, and Fleet and Facility Services.
The DPW coordinates assigned activities with other City departments and outside agencies and provides administrative support to the Deputy City Manager.
Financial/Administrative Services Manager
Under the direct supervision of the DPW or assigned Department Head, the Financial/Administrative Services Manager assists and provides responsible and professional assistance to the Deputy City Manager, department heads and other professional staff by pro viding administrative and technical support in the planning, direction and operation of the City. Additionally, the Financial/Administrative Services Manager plans, develops, and manages special projects including problem identification, research studies, analyzing options, statistical analysis, presentation of recommendations, including preparation of documents.
Administrative Assistant
Under general direction and supervision, the Administrative Assistant performs a wide variety of responsible and complex administrative, technical, and secretarial duties in support of assigned department heads and departments, as well as general administrative details, prepares a variety of fiscal, administrative, and operational reports, and provides a variety of information to other agencies, City staff and the general public. The work requires a general knowledge of City functions and specialized knowledge of the technical aspects of the assigned administrative functions.
Chapter 2: Organization
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Sewer System Management Plan
2-6 May 2025
Figure 2-2
Organizational Chart of Positions Supporting the Sanitary Sewer System Mayor &
City Council Members (6)
City Manager
Assistant City Manager
Public Works
Planning & Building
Director of Public Works
Financial/Administrative
Services Manager
Administrative Assistant III
Construction
Services
Fleet and Facility
Services
Public Works
Operations
Engineering Division
Public Works Operations
Manager
Streets and Sanitation Manager
Senior Office Specialist
P/T Office
Specialist II
Public Works Operations
Superintendent
Public Works Operations
Supervisor
Public Works Operations
Crew Supervisor
Sewer Machine
Operator (5)
Street Maintenance
Worker II (8)
Primarily responsible for the wastewater collection system Currently providing support services
Chapter 2: Organization
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Sewer System Management Plan
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Public Works Operations Manager
The Public Works Operations Manager directs, manages, supervises and coordinates the programs and activities of multiple programs of the Public Works Operations Division. The Public Works Operations Manager coordinates with other City departments, division s and outside agencies and provides administrative support to the Director of Public Works.
The Public Works Operations Manager also develops goals, policies and procedures, manages revenue, evaluates the effectiveness of service delivery methods and procedures, selects personnel, coordinates training, coordinates the work plan, manages the Public Works Operations annual budget, conducts studies related to modifying Public Works Operations programs and directs emergency operations support activities. The Pubic Works Operations Manager is also the LRO and is responsible for certifying reports in CIWQS.
Streets and Sanitation Manager
The Streets and Sanitation Manager directs, manages and supervises activities pertaining to maintenance operations; coordinates assigned activities with other City departments, divisions, outside agencies and external clients; and provides administrative support to the Public Works Operations Manager.
The Streets and Sanitation Manager is involved in task forces and committees to further the City’s interests, serves as a liaison with other City departments, divisions and outside agencies, selects and trains operations maintenance personnel and coordinates work plans.
Public Works Operations Superintendent
The Public Works Operations Superintendent manages, plans, and coordinates the activities and operations of Facility Services, Fleet Services, Resort Services and/or Streets and Sanitation. The Public Works Operations Superintendent coordinates organizatio n, staffing and operational activities, work plans, implements improved service delivery methods, manages the program budget, develops and implements goals, policies and procedures, reviews capital improvement plans and supervises the preparation of time, material and equipment use records.
The Operations Superintendent coordinates work with outside service contractors and vendors for routine and emergency maintenance and repairs, administers training programs, City Organization and Communication maintenance contracts and capital projects, develops a five (5) year plan for maintenance projects and monitors National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), Local Implementation Plan (LIP) and Best Management Practices (BMPs) for section compliance.
Public Works Operations Supervisor
The Operations Supervisor supervises, assigns, coordinates, and reviews the activities and operations of the Sewer Maintenance unit. The Operations Supervisor also manages the unit’s annual budget and oversees the unit’s various safety and compliance activities. This position also updates the SSMP, and acts as data submitter and / or legally responsible official for the CIWQS system.
Chapter 2: Organization
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Public Works Operations Crew Supervisor
The Public Works Operations Crew Supervisor coordinates, directs and supervises the activities and operations of assigned crews and/or contractors performing a variety of construction and/or maintenance work. The Crew Supervisor also provides training to ensure Work Area Traffic Control Handbook (WATCH) practices are enforced, manages projects and responds to citizen complaints and requests for service.
Sewer Machine Operator
The Sewer Machine Operator operates a sewer vacuum truck or sewer television truck to service City sewer lines. The Sewer Machine Operator is required to determine locations of manholes, sewer lines and connections, operate a pressure hose to wash sewer lines, storm drain lines and catch basins, locate cracks in sewer lines and determine repair needs, and respond to sewer emergency calls.
Street Maintenance Worker
The Street Maintenance Worker constructs, maintains and repairs streets, alleys, sewers, storm drains and ditches. The Street Maintenance Worker is required to operate equipment including dump trucks, a crack sealing machine, rollers, water trucks and skip loaders in the construction, maintenance and repair of streets, alleys, sewers, storm drains and ditches, raising water valve covers, and locating valves.
Part Time Office Specialist II
The Office Specialist performs varied clerical duties involving regular use of a computer terminal and/or typewriter keyboard. The Office Specialist acts as a receptionist to the public, maintains radio communication with field personnel, composes various documents and maintains various records.
2.5 City Communication Structure for Collection System Issues Communication of activities is important in order to keep managerial staff informed of successes and potential problems. Additionally, implementation of the various elements of the SSMP requires constant coordination between the various sections identified in the organizational chart. Therefore, clearly identifying the specific positions and staff as well as establishing communication protocols is necessary to ensure the appropriate personnel are properly informed to respond to sanitary sewer system -related issues in the most effective and efficient manner.
2.6 SSMP Communication Structure
Continual communication among the Public Works Operations and Engineering Divisions, as well as along the levels of hierarchy, facilitates and supports activities that allow the Public Works Operations Division to inform the appropriate staff about the operation and management of the collection system.
Generally, the communication plan will follow the chain of command identified in the organizational chart.
Specific levels of authority will be required to facilitate implementation and enforcement of the plans and procedures developed for the SSMP. As the various plans and procedures are implemented, an assessment as to the effectiveness of the plans will be best determined by the labor force that executes Chapter 2: Organization
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2-9 May 2025
and evaluates the immediate impacts of the plans and procedures. Efficient and timely responses will be essential to ensure that the adopted plans and procedures are effective for the management and operation of the wastewater system. Figure 2-3 shows the communication protocol that the City should follow for the SSMP. Figure 2-3 also provides a summary of general responsibilities among the staff as it affects the management, operation, and maintenance of the City’s sanitary sewer system. The responsibilities listed are to illustrate the overall importance of continual communication among the organization regarding wastewater related issues.
A spill is reported to either the City’s Customer Service Department, online via Anaheim Anytime, or the City’s after- hours answering service. The call is routed directly to the Public Works Operations Superintendent or Operations Supervisor during normal business hours, while during non-business hours, weekends, and designated City holidays, calls will be routed directly to the City’s Utilities Department, the Fire Department or Police Department dispatch centers as needed. The City’s Utilities Department, Fire Department and/or Police Department dispatchers will notify the Public Works On-Call Duty Manager via an assigned pager.
The staff member receiving the notification is considered the First Responder and has primary responsibility for coordinating and managing all emergency activities to properly respond to the occurrence. The First Responder must immediately go to the report ed spill location to assess the cause and extent of the spill, recruit necessary assistance from appropriate personnel and/or outside services, determine and direct immediate remedial action, initiate notification of mandatory and advisory agencies, coordinate sample collection and laboratory sample processing, if required, and complete the Sanitary Sewer Spill Field Report. The size and conditions of the spill will determine which regulatory agencies will be notified. Notifications to the following agencies will be performed as required:
• Orange County Sheriff’s Department (as necessary)
• Governor’s Office of Emergency Services
• Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board
• Orange County Health Care Agency (as necessary)
• Orange County Public Works (as necessary)
• City of Anaheim Risk Management Division (when a public spill enters a home or business)
A response and notification procedure is documented in the SERP, included in Appendix D. Figure 2 -1 of the SERP illustrates the response procedures for the potential scenarios (public or private spills) and clearly delineates responsibilities for First Res ponders and ultimate sewer maintenance crew and/or contractor assignments. Table 2-2 of the SERP describes the spill notification requirements, procedures, timeline, and the regulatory agencies that are to be notified.
Chapter 2: Organization
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Sewer System Management Plan
2-10 May 2025
Figure 2-3,
Communication Plan and SSMP Responsibilities
Position City Council Members
Responsibilities Adopt policies
Certify SSMP
Position City Manager/CAO
Responsibilities Ensure policies are appropriate
Ensure policies can be implemented
Ensure regulatory compliance
Position Deputy City Manager
Responsibilities Direct implementation and updates of policies Allocate funding resources
Approve CIP contracts and additional resources
Coordinate activities between all divisions
Monitor and manage development and implementation of programs Monitor and manage administration of policies and procedures Assist with preparation of budgets
Position Director of Public Works
Responsibilities Coordinate support with Engineering Division Manage and monitor SSMP implementation and effectiveness Provide updates on policy and SSMP effectiveness
Position Public Works Operations Manager
Responsibilities Manage policies, procedures, and resources for SSMP activity implementation Communicate SSMP effectiveness to Director of Public Works Initiate SSMP updates
Primary Legally Responsible Officer for CIWQS certification
Position Streets and Sanitation Manager
Responsibilities Coordinate and schedule field activities Implement and assess effectiveness of SSMP plans and procedures Communicate SSMP effectiveness to Public Works Operations Manager Recommend improvements to SSMP procedures
Position Public Works Operations Superintendent
Responsibilities Direct and coordinate operations and maintenance activities Oversee field operations and activities
Solicit and provide feedback on effectiveness of plans
Position Operations Supervisor
Responsibilities Facilitate field operations and activities Monitor SSMP plans and procedures
Solicit and provide feedback on effectiveness of plans
Position Public Works Operations Crews
Responsibilities Perform daily activities
Execute plans and procedures
Provide feedback on effectiveness of plans
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2.7 Summary and Continuing Efforts
When the City updates its plans and procedures, and/or revises the SSMP, the SSMP should be updated as necessary to include the specific responsibilities associated with each position. To maintain compliance with the WDRs, the City organizational chart mus t include the administrative, maintenance, and management positions responsible for implementing, managing, and updating the overall measures contained in this SSMP. Key contact lists are included in the appendices and attachments to facilitate updates.
Chapter 3: Legal Authority
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
3-1 May 2025
3.1 Background for Legal Authority
The California Water Code of the California Code of Regulations, the Federal Clean Water Act of the United States Code, and the California Waste Discharge Requirements grant the City of Anaheim an authority to establish codes, agreements, policies, and procedures for the construction, operation, and maintenance of a wastewater collection system, and the ability to enforce the necessary requirements. These ordinances comprise the City’s Municipal Code; which is regularly updated and is made available to the public via the City of Anaheim’s website: www.anaheim.net/2904/Anaheim-Municipal-Code. Below is a discussion of the relevant sections granting this authority.
California Water Code Section 13271, California Code of Regulations: Section 13271 of the California Water Code, Title 23 of the California Code of Regulations, prohibits the discharge of sewage and hazardous material into the waters of the State and requires the proper notification of authorized Chapter 3 of this SSMP addresses the requirements included in Attachment D -3 of the Order. The requirements state:
Legal Authority: The Plan must include copies or an electronic link to the Enrollee’s current sewer system use ordinances, service agreements, and/or other legally binding procedures to demonstrate the Enrollee possesses the necessary legal authority to:
(a) Prevent illicit discharges into its sanitary sewer system (examples may include infiltration/inflow (I/I), storm water, chemical dumping, unauthorized debris, cut roots, fats, oils and grease, etc.);
(b) Collaborate with storm sewer agencies to coordinate emergency spill responses, ensure access to storm sewer systems during spill events, and prevent unintentional cross connections of sanitary sewer infrastructure to storm sewer infrastructure;
(c) Require that sewers and connections be properly designed and constructed; (d) Ensure access for maintenance, inspection, or repairs for portions of the lateral owned or maintained by the Enrollee;
(e) Enforce any violation of its sewer ordinances, service agreements, or other legally binding procedures; and
(f) Obtain easement accessibility agreements for locations requiring sewer system operations and maintenance, as applicable.
Chapter 3: Legal Authority
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agencies in the event of a spill. Entities which do not properly follow the requirements of this section may be found guilty of a misdemeanor and punished by fine, imprisonment, or both.
Clean Water Act, Section 1251 of Chapter 33 of the United States Code: In 1972, the federal Congress enacted the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, commonly known as the Clean Water Act (CWA). The CWA prohibits the discharge of pollutants, including sewage, into public waters of the United States. The federal government has the authority to enforce compliance with the CWA via specific permits, such as National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits, as well as court action such as administrative orders and consent decrees.
Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Protection of the Environment: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in its general pretreatment regulations (40 CFR Part 403) prohibits any user from discharging solid or viscous pollutants, such as fats, oils, and grease (FOG) wastes, in amounts which will cause obstructions (blockages) to the flow in the wastewater system and interfere with the oper ation of the wastewater system.
California Waste Discharge Requirements: On December 6, 2022, the SWRCB adopted the Statewide General Waste Discharge Requirements for Sanitary Sewer Systems, Order No. 2022-0103. The WDRs are applicable to all federal and state agencies, municipalities, counties, districts, and other public entities that own or operate sanitary sewer systems grea ter than one mile in length that collect and/or convey untreated or partially treated wastewater to publicly owned treatment facilities in the state of California.
Specifically, the WDRs require all affected agencies, munic ipalities, counties, districts, and other public entities to take a proactive approach to ensure a system-wide operation, maintenance, and management plan is established to effectively reduce the potential, quantity, and frequency of spills that may occur and impact surface or ground waters, threaten public health, adversely affect aquatic life, and impair the recreational use and aesthetic enjoyment of surface waters.
3.2 Summary and Evaluation of the City’s Existing Legal Authority
The City’s legal authority and powers pertaining to the City’s wastewater collection system originate from the powers granted by the State and Federal governments. Requiring compliance with its existing codes, regulations, ordinances, and permitting proced ures allows the City to require and enforce various measures for ensuring the proper and efficient operation, management, and maintenance of the City’s wastewater collection system. These mechanisms include, but are not limited to, limiting the types of substances allowed to be discharged into the City’s wastewater collection system, establishing requirements for the proper design, construction and connections to the City’s collection system, ensuring access to City sewer pipelines for inspecting, monitoring and enforcing activities, limiting the discharge of fats, oils, grease, and other types of debris that cause blockages, and enforcing violations of its sewer related ordinances, codes, and laws.
The City also requires compliance with the City of Anaheim’s Sewer Design Manual and Standard Plans and Details and in compliance with the “Standard Plans for Public Works Construction” (Greenbook), Chapter 3: Legal Authority
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prepared by the American Public Works Association for the design, construction, and installation of wastewater facilities. Collectively, the documents serve to facilitate the control of inflow and infiltration (I/I); require proper design, construction, in stallation, testing, and inspection of new and rehabilitated sewers and laterals; control the discharge of FOG; enforce violation of ordinances; and promote and protect the health, safety, and general welfare of all of the citizens of the City of Anaheim.
The following sections include a summary of the City’s existing codes and ordinances as they apply to its sanitary sewer system.
3.3 Prevention of Illicit Discharges
The City is required to prevent discharges of illicit and undesirable substances from entering the wastewater collection system. Illicit discharges include, but are not limited to, the release of I/I, storm water, chemical dumping, unauthorized debris and constituents, and cut roots. Discussed below is the City’s authority to control the discharge of prohibited substances.
Section 10.08.040, Substances Banned From the Public Sewers , includes a general description of the various types of substances restricted by the City from being directly or indirectly discharged into the collection system. The restrictions are applicable to all users of the City’s system except as permitted by other ordinances of the City.
This section of the municipal code also further restricts the substances allowable into the system by including a description of the effects on the system the City intends to avoid. Generally, the prohibited items include substances with characteristics that may cause:
• Obstructions to the flow in the sewer system;
• Interference with the operation of the Publicly Owned Treatment Works; • Damage or create a hazard to City’s wastewater collection system structures; • Damage or create a hazard to the City’s wastewater collection system equipment; • A public nuisance or create a hazard to life; and/or
• Interference with the maintenance of the sewage collection system.
Regulating the type of substances allowable in the City’s wastewater collection system serves to protect and maintain its integrity.
3.4 Prohibit the Discharge of Fats, Oils, Grease (FOG) Rags, Debris and Other Trash
Municipal Code 10.08.100, Discharges of Fats, Oils and Grease from Food Service Establishments , serves to ensure the City’s compliance with federal, state, and regulatory agency laws, regulations and standards relating to FOG discharges, rags and debris, and other trash to sewer facilities. It also specifies the City’s Chapter 3: Legal Authority
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FOG discharge requirements to enhance the beneficial public use of the City’s sewer facilities and prevent blockages of sewer lines resulting from discharges of FOG and other constituents into the sewer facilities.
The City recently prepared the City of Anaheim Fats, Oils, and Grease Source Control Program (FOG Source Control Program), that documents and establishes the formal procedures City staff implements to effectively minimize the direct or indirect discharge o f all wastewater or waste containing FOG into the City’s wastewater collection system. Compliance with the program requires Food Service Establishments (FSEs) and other non-domestic waste and wastewater generating facilities to obtain a permit which sets forth the specific terms, conditions, and criteria required for compliance with the City’s codes and ordinances, FOG Source Control Program, and policies for each facility requiring connection to the City’s wastewater collection system.
Additionally, this section of the code requires compliance with the provisions applicable to the direct and indirect discharge of all FOG to sewer facilities. The provisions are included in the FOG Source Control Program, Fats Oils and Grease Source Contro l Program Rules and Regulations, kitchen BMPs, FOG pre - treatment requirements, and monitoring and record keeping requirements.
The City’s objective is to continue to implement and enforce actions against users of the wastewater collection system that violate the prohibition of discharging FOG into the wastewater collection system.
The City will continue enforcement actions for noncompliance and it will be possible for other regulatory agencies to initiate enforcement actions concurrently with City efforts.
3.5 Collaborate with Storm Sewer Agencies to C oordinate Emergency Spill Responses, Ensure Access to Storm Sewer Systems During Spill Events, Prevent Unintentional Cross-Connections
The requirements for the design and construction of new, rehabilitated, and replaced sewer system facilities, including mains, tie-ins, service laterals, cleanouts, manholes, and other system appurtenances, are necessary to ensure the proper operation of the sewer system.
Section 10.08.050, Building Sewer Connections , of the City’s municipal code references the Uniform Plumbing Code and the City’s Standard Details for the general requirements pertaining to the design, construction, inspection and plumbing permits and costs of sewer connections. Collectively, the City’ s Sewer Design Manual and Standard Details provide design and construction inform ation for sewer facilities.
3.6 Accessibility for Maintenance, Inspection, and Repair
Section 10.08.030, Powers and Authority of the Engineer and Inspector, provides the City the authority to perform inspections of all properties, structure or premises that are served by any public or private sewer, for the purpose of examining and inspecting the construction or condition of the sewer. Additionally, this code allows the City Engineer and/or Inspector to inspect as often as deemed necessary every sewage pumping plant, private sewage disposal system, house connection sewer, dilution basin, neu tralization Chapter 3: Legal Authority
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basin, back-water trap or valve, grease interceptor or grease trap, or other similar appurtenances for the purpose of ascertaining whether such facilities are maintained and operated in accordance with the provisions of the chapter.
In the event a site inspection reveals improper maintenance and\or cleaning and there is imminent danger to the City’s sewer facilities or the public, the City will have the authority to access the site and related facilities to perform the necessary maintenance and cleaning in an effort to prevent exposing the public to a health risk or hazard and compromising the operation of the City’s wastewater collection system.
Additionally, the City will have access to the site for maintenance and cleaning purposes in the event an emergency occurs that requires an immediate cleaning of the sewer facilities discharging into the City’s wastewater system.
3.7 Violation Enforcement
The authority for the City to enforce penalties for violations of the City’s codes, ordinances and other adopted policies as they pertain to its wastewater collection system is included in Section 10.08.140, Penalties, of the municipal code. This section codifies the City’s authority to enforce violations of the codes, ordinances, and applicable policies with respect to the sanitary sewer system.
Section 10.080.140.050 allows the City Engineer to discontinue use, at any premise, of the public sewerage system that is found to be improperly disposing prohibited substances into the City’s wastewater collection system or that is in violation of specific conditions of the City’s municipal code.
Section 10.080.140.060 allows the City to require reimbursement for damages caused to, and any cleaning required of, any portion of the public sewerage system in the event it is determined that there is a violation of the provisions included in Section 10.08 of the municipal code and prohibited substances have been discharged into any public sewer, sewer pipe, manhole, septic tank connected with the public sewerage system, or municipal industrial waste pipeline within the City.
Section 1.01.370 describes the general penalties for violating sections of the code and for continuing violations. Individuals convicted of a violation of the City code that is not specifically declared to be an infraction shall be considered guilty of a m isdemeanor and punished with a fine of not more than $1,000.00, imprisonment in the city or county jail for not more than six (6) months or both such fine and imprisonment.
3.8 Obtain Easement Accessibility Agreements
Title 17 of the City of Anaheim Municipal Code (AMC), specifically Chapter 17.08.600 on Utility and Sewer Easements, gives the City a legal right to set requirements to allow unrestricted maintenance access to the public sewer infrastructure located on private property.
Chapter 4: Operation and Maintenance Program
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Sewer System Management Plan
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4.1 Updated Map of Sanitary Sewer System
The locations of the City maintained wastewater system pipes and associated appurtenances were originally documented based on as -built drawings. These as -built drawings were used to develop a Geographic Information System (GIS) database of the facilities w hich facilitates management of O&M activities and expedites data management and retrieval for reporting purposes.
Necessary revisions and/or updates to the GIS information are typically identified by the Public Works Operations crews while performing routine operation and maintenance activities. Discrepancies between field conditions and GIS are input as “redline comments” into the CMMS or emailed to the GIS operator.
Once updates are completed, there are available to all crews via GIS and the CMMS.
Chapter 4 of this SSMP addresses the requirements included in Attachment D-4 of the Order. The requirements state:
Operation and Maintenance Program: The SSMP must include those items listed below that are appropriate and applicable to the Enrollee’s system:
(a) An up -to-date map(s) of the sanitary sewer system, and procedures for maintaining and providing State and Regional Water board Staff access to the map(s). The map(s) must show all gravity line segments and manholes, pumping facilities, pressure pipes and v alves, and applicable storm water conveyance facilities within the sewer system service area boundaries. (b) A scheduling system and a data collection system for preventive operation and maintenance activities conducted by staff and contractors. The scheduling system must include inspection and maintenance activities, higher -frequency inspections and maintenance of known problem areas, (including areas with tree root problems), and regular visual and closed -circuit television (CCTV) inspections of manholes and sewer pipes. The data collection system must document data from system inspection and maintenance activities, including system areas/components prone to root -intrusion potentially resulting in system backup of failure.
(c) In-house and external training provided on a regular basis for sanitary sewer system operations and maintenance staff and contractors . The training must cover the requirements of the Order, the Enrollee’s Spill Emergency Response Plan (SERP) and practice drills, skilled estimation of spill volume for field operators, and electronic CIWQS reporting procedures for staff submitting data. (d) An inventory of sewer system equipment, including identification of critical replacement and spare parts.
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The Public Works Department currently employs one staff member whose primary responsibility is to update and/or revise GIS information pertinent to the City’s Public Works Department and that pertains specifically to wastewater collection and storm drain facilities.
4.2 City’s Operations and Maintenance Program
The City prepared a comprehensive document titled City of Anaheim Operations and Maintenance Program (O&M Program) which includes a summary of the City’s current procedures and practices as they pertain to the O&M activities related to its sanitary sewer system. The City’s O&M Program contains information pertaining to the following components for compliance with the WDRs:
• Inventory and Mapping of the Sanitary Sewer System Assets • Preventative Maintenance Program Spill Emergency Response Plan • Fats, Oils, and Grease Reduction and Management Program • Wastewater System Inspection and Assessment Program
• Capital Improvement Program (CIP) Project Identification • Computerized Maintenance Management System
• Equipment and Replacement Part Inventories
• Training Program
• Staffing Requirements and Recommendations
4.2.1 Preventive Operation and Maintenance Activities
To address the components listed in Section 5.1 and as required by the WDRs, the following subsections provide a summary of the applicable O&M procedures currently being implemented. The following paragraphs correlate to the WDR components listed in Sectio n 5.1. The complete O&M Program is included in Appendix B.
To minimize and prevent system obstructions and preserve and extend the useful life of the sanitary sewer system, the City’s Preventive Maintenance Program has primarily included the routine cleaning of its wastewater pipelines. The City’s Preventive Maint enance Program includes scheduled cleaning, root control and manhole treatment and is further documented in the O&M Program.
Mechanical Cleaning
The City has four sewer cleaning crews that are responsible for annual cleaning of all sewer lines measuring up to 12 inches in diameter. Any sewer line greater than 12 inches in diameter is cleaned as needed. The crews have three combination Vactor trucks and one jetting- only truck to accomplish the cleaning goals. The City divides its sewer service area into four zones: the east, two central zones, and west zones. One Vactor truck crew is assigned to each zone and the jetting-only truck crew is assigned to the central zone in the most congested downtown areas. Because sewer lines in the City’s downtown area are primarily 6 inches in diameter, the downtown area is cleaned twice a year. Based on review of Chapter 4: Operation and Maintenance Program
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historical cleaning data, the City is currently meeting its goal to clean the entire system once per year and to clean the downtown area twice a year.
During cleaning, crews observe and document the level of FOG, root, and debris accumulation observed.
Each Vactor truck has an on-board computer equipped with GIS and I-Water computerized maintenance management system (CMMS). All cleaning and structural ob servations for each sewer line segment are entered into the I-Water CMMS system. At the end of each work day, the truck operators synchronize the on-board computers with the database located in the City’s main office. The Operations Manager and Operations Crew Supervisor periodically review the crews’ cleaning comments to determine if any issues, such as heavy accumulation or structural concerns, were identified. Significant issues that could result in a spill are immediately communicated verbally to the Operations Manager
The City also has identified recall locations, which are areas of the sewer system that require cleaning more than once a year. The City established cleaning frequencies for recall locations based on field observations during cleaning and CCTV evidence. The cleaning frequencies can vary among 30, 60, and 90 days. Each crew is responsible for cleaning recall locations within their assigned zones. 100 recall locations are dedicated to sewer siphons, and are not the result of structural defects or excessive root intrusion or FOG accumulation.
Root Control
City staff are currently working towards implementing a root treatment program where the frequency of root treatment is based on information captured during the cleaning and televising of the system.
Pipelines identified as locations with root intrusion problems are cleaned and evaluated on a regular basis.
Most locations identified with root intrusion problems have been lined or replaced to prevent the intrusion. Target sites are generally located in the older developed areas with large mature trees as well as locations identified via the CCTV inspection efforts that identify high concentration of roots.
The Sewer Maintenance Section also coordinates with the Street Tree Maintenance Section to address root intrusion issues. In areas where root intrusion is problematic, the Sewer Maintenance section may request that a tree be removed, so long as it meets th e removal criteria established by the Street Tree Maintenance Section. Removed trees are replaced with species more appropriate to the location and with less invasive root systems. In addition, a new Standard 217, approved in November 2022, requires all new sewer pipe installations to be wrapped with Geotech fabric to prevent root intrusion.
Manhole Treatment Program
To control infestations of insects and to maintain adequate access to the system, the City’s wastewater collection system manholes are systematically treated for the removal of roaches. The roach treatment program implemented by City staff includes using soap foam and primarily targets the more mature areas within the City as well as areas with food service establishments. Additionally, the City has retained an independent contractor that is coating several affected and some adjacent manholes with an epoxy Chapter 4: Operation and Maintenance Program
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impregnated with pesticide. The manholes selected for treatment are identified by areas known to be prone to insect infestation, and from observations made during the annual cleaning and customer requests.
4.3 Sanitary Sewer System Inspection and Condition Assessment Program Regular and systematic inspection and assessment of sanitary sewer system facilities provides a means to monitor the condition of the facilities, the effectiveness of the maintenance operations, and provides a basis for identifying and scheduling capital improvements. Also, the overall assessment can be used to determine the funding required to repair, rehabilitate, and replace an ageing collection system and to prioritize the allocation of funds and optimize the expenditure and efforts to ope rate a sewer collection system.
System Inspection and Assessment
The City employs Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) technology for the inspection of its pipelines for maintenance purposes. The CCTV inspections are performed subsequent to pipe cleaning and debris removal and of all new and rehabilitated pipelines to ident ify potential defects, determine the effectiveness of the cleaning efforts, and ensure contractor compliance with City design and construction standards. The City’s CCTV truck is equipped with Granite XP - PACP software developed by Cues. Using the Granite XP software, pictures of all detected defects and potential problems that may require repair are recorded onto the truck’s database and printed.
Generally, condition assessment of the sewer pipelines is performed in the field during the CCTV inspection process by the City field maintenance crews performing the inspections. Defects detected are recorded on a computer using PACP compliant software. Defect(s) and potential problem(s) are reported to the Crew Supervisor for review and to identify the necessary repair method. Permanent records of the detected defects stored on the CCTV truck’s computer hard drive and periodically uploaded to the City’s central CCTV server.
Progress is recorded on a log by the staff and is maintained on the CCTV truck for tracking progress and for reference. A progress report is submitted to the Public Works Operations Superintendent and utilized for recording, tracking, and reporting purposes. As the necessity to televise a particular location or portion of the wastewater collection system arises, staff are assigned to accommodate the requirement. The City generally televises its sewer system from east to west with the goal of inspecting all pipes under 12-inches in diameter in approximately seven (7) years.
Repair and Rehabilitation Projects
The City’s Public Works Operations Division is responsible for ensuring that immediate “unscheduled” repairs and/or rehabilitation improvements of various types and pertaining to wastewater facilities are adequately performed. The repairs and/or rehabilitation work performed by the City’s repair contractors may be identified via the CCTV inspections and primarily include point repairs but does not include work Chapter 4: Operation and Maintenance Program
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requiring the replacement of entire pipe segments between manholes. Repairs that require resources beyond those available within the Public Works Operations Division or require further prioritization and planning are coordinated and scheduled with the City’s Engineering Division.
CIP Development
Several factors determine the priority of projects identified during the assessment process, although the condition of the pipe is usually the primary factor. Additional factors may include goals to reduce sanitary sewer spills, providing sufficient system capacity, reducing infiltration and inflow in pipes located below the water table, or reducing maintenance efforts by improving the pipe condition. Other considerations include coordinating surface and utility improvements with the other agencies that may be impacted by improvements. Integrating the results of the inspection and assessment efforts, with the capacity modeling efforts, the City continues to pursue and implement a proactive and comprehensive long-range planning effort.
4.4 Training
Prior to performing any work on City facilities, Public Works Operations staff are trained on the existence and the provisions of the wastewater operations and maintenance policies, procedures, safety policies, and the equipment used. Training for operation of City equipment includes “on -the-job” training in conjunction with bi-weekly “tailgate” meetings to discuss safety issues. For bi-weekly meetings, topics are selected and presented by the Crew Supervisor with input from the operators. General monthly meetings are conducted by the supervisors on topics selected by the supervisors and are typically relevant to recent activities and/or events and safety issues.
All maintenance crews are trained and certified to implement proper traffic control procedures.
Additional instructional material should include the City’s approved SSMP and the SERP. This will serve as a mode of instructing staff on the SSMP, spills , and all the required documentation. Training and event participation must be documented and maintained by either the Public Works Operations Division or the Risk Management Division. As necessary and determined by appropriate managerial staff, training programs may also include supplemental technical training required to efficiently and safely perfo rm specific job-related duties.
Although not currently required, the City encourages its Public Works Operations staff to obtain all four (4) grade levels included in the Technical Certification Program for Collection System Maintenance sponsored by California Water Environment Association (CWEA). The City’s incentive program reimburses its staff for the associated test fees and the contact hours once the successful completion of the test is confirmed.
As necessary and determined by appropriate managerial staff, training programs may also include supplemental technical training required to efficiently and safely perform specific job-related duties.
Chapter 4: Operation and Maintenance Program
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
4-6 May 2025
4.5 Equipment Inventory
The Public Works Operations and Fleet Maintenance maintain an inventory of City vehicles and replacement parts. The inventory of vehicles and equipment available for performing the daily routine operations and maintenance of the City’s wastewater collection system includes the type and quantity of the equipment.
The City’s vehicles and sewer system replacement parts are made readily accessible to maintenance staff.
The replacement parts maintained in the Operations Yard are for the specific types of repairs the Public Works Operations staff perform. As necessary, maintenance staff solicit the utilization of resources, including equipment and staff from other divisions. For the implementation of repairs that extend beyond the City’s internal resource capabilities, the City retains the services of professional contractors.
Chapter 5: Design and Performance Provisions
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
5-1 May 2025
5.1 Discussion on Design and Performance Provisions
Municipal Code 10.08.050 codifies the City of Anaheim’s current design and performance criteria. The code refers to the latest edition of Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) and the City’s Standard Details for the design, construction, and inspection of wastewater collection facilities. Detailed design criteria are documented in the City’s Sewer Design Manual and Standard Drawings for Construction.
The City’s Sewer Design Manual is supplemented with the appropriate provisions of the adopted Standard Specifications for Public Works Construction (Greenbook), Standard Plans for Public Works Construction (SPPWC) and the requirements contained in the City ’s Contract Documents and Standard Specification Supplement specific to the project, all of which specify detailed design, inspection and installation criteria for sanitary sewer design and construction. A copy of the City’s current Sewer Design Manual and Standard Details are included in Appendix E and a sample of the City’s Contract Documents and Standard Specification Supplement is included in Appendix F for reference.
To address the components listed in Chapter 8.1 and as required by the WDRs, the following subsections provide a summary of the applicable provisions currently being implemented by the City.
5.2 Updated Design Criteria and Construction Standards and Specifications
Criteria for the design and construction of new, rehabilitated, and replaced sewer system facilities, including main, tie -ins, service laterals, cleanout, manholes, and other system appurtenances, are necessary to ensure the proper operation of the wastewater collection system.
Chapter 5 of this SSMP addresses the requirements included in Attachment D-5 of the Order. The requirements state:
Design and Performance Provisions: The Plan must include the following items as appropriate and applicable to the Enrollee’s system:
(a) Updated design criteria, and construction standards and specifications for the construction, installation, repair, and rehabilitation of existing and proposed system infrastructure components, including but not limited to pipelines, pump stations, and other system appurtenances. If existing design criteria and construction standards are deficient to address t he necessary component -specific hydraulic capacity as specified in Chapter 8 of this SSMP, the procedures must include component-specific evaluation of the design criteria. (b) Procedures and standards for the inspection and testing the newly constructed, newly installed, repaired and rehabilitated sewer system pipelines pumps, and other appurtenances.
Chapter 5: Design and Performance Provisions
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
5-2 May 2025
All public sewer mains constructed within the City or under contract to the City are constructed according to the City’s Sewer Design Manual , updated in 2023, and Standard Drawings , updated in 2022, and in compliance with the “Standard Plans for Public Works Construction” (Greenbook), prepared by the American Public Works Association.
The City’s Sewer Design Manual and Standard Drawings include minimum design standards for sewer mains, sewer manholes, sewer laterals, and general guidelines for performing the hydraulic analysis.
Additionally, the City’s Sewer Design Manual references the SPPWC and Greenbook regarding sewer connection locations, pipe installation and pipe bedding sections.
Design considerations for wastewater facilities that the City considers non-standard, such as pump or lift stations, force mains, siphons, internal sealing of existing sewers, outfall sewers, energy dissipaters, regulating devices, and/or flow measurement devices, are not included in the Sewer Design Manual and Standard Drawings and require prior approval from the City before design can begin.
5.3 Procedures and Standards
Compliance with the City’s Sewer Design Manual and Standard Details, the Greenbook, and the SPPWC requires the contractor performing work on the City’s sewer facilities to be responsible for conducting a CCTV inspection for all new and rehabilitated sanitary sewer systems and other appurtenances.
The 2012 Greenbook includes procedures and standards for inspecting and testing the installation of sewer mains and related appurtenances and for the rehabilitation and repair of existing sanitary sewer systems. Compliance with the Greenbook specifications requires tests to be performed in accordance with Section 306-1.1.4. It also includes inspection and testing criteria for various pipe materials and installation methods. Section 500-1.2.6 requires the Engineer to review pipeline inspection video submitte d by the Contractor to verify the pipeline point repair or replacement when retained for construction and installation of wastewater pipelines and manholes. It should be noted that the City is currently transitioning from the 2012 to the 2024 Greenbook addition, hence, the section numbers referenced above will change once the new Greenbook is fully adopted.
Municipal Code 10.08.030 provides the City’s Engineer and/or Inspector the authority to enter any property, structure or premises served by any public or private sewer facility for the purpose of examining, inspecting the construction or condition of the sewer or appurtenances.
Chapter 6: Spill Emergency Response Plan
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
6-1 May 2025
Chapter 6 of this SSMP addresses the requirements included in Attachment D-6 of the Order. The requirements state:
Spill Emergency Response Plan: Th e Plan must include an up-to-date Spill Emergency Response Plan (SERP) to ensure prompt detection and response to spills to reduce spill volumes and collect information for prevention of future spills.
The SERP must include procedures to:
(a) Notify primary responders, appropriate local officials and regulatory agencies, of a spill in a timely manner;
(b) Notify other potentially affected agencies (for example, health agencies, water suppliers, etc.) of spills that potentially affect public health or reach waters of the State;
(c) Comply with the notification, monitoring and reporting requirements of the Order, State law and regulations, and applicable Regional Water Board Orders;
(d) Ensure that appropriate staff and contractors implement the Spill Emergency Response Plan and are appropriately trained;
(e) Address emergency system operations, traffic control and other necessary response activities;
(f) Contain a spill and prevent/minimize discharge to waters of the State or any drainage conveyance system;
(g) Minimize and remediate public health impacts and adverse impacts on beneficial uses of waters of the State;
(h) Remove sewage from the drainage conveyance system;
(i) Clean the spill area and drainage conveyance system in a manner that does not inadvertently impact beneficial uses in the receiving waters; (j) Implement technologies, practices. equipment and interagency coordination to expedite spill containment and recovery; (k) Implement pre-planned coordination and collaboration with storm drain agencies and other utility agencies/departments prior, during and after a spill event;
(l) Conduct post-spill assessments of spill response activities; (m)Document and report spill events as required in the Order; and (n) Annually review and assess effectiveness of the Spill Emergency Response Plan and update the Plan as needed.
Chapter 6: Spill Emergency Response Plan (SERP)
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
6-2 May 2025
6.1 Discussion of Spill Emergency Response Plan
The City prepared the SERP that establishes the formal procedures for City staff to contain, correct, and clean up sanitary sewer spills. The SERP is intended to provide the City with a comprehensive document that includes components necessary for minimizing the effects of spills on the environment while protecting the public’s health and safety.
The SERP includes a strategy for the Sewer Maintenance Section to mobilize labor, material, tools, and equipment to contain, mitigate, and clean -up residuals from a spill and correct or repair any condition which may cause or contribute to an un -permitted sewage discharge. The document provides the necessary guidelines for City staff to respond to a spill event and contains the following elements:
• Introduction and Regulatory Requirements
• Sanitary Sewer Overflow Emergency Response Plan
• Public Advisory of Sewage Contamination Procedures
• Spill Reporting Requirements
• Training Requirements
• SERP Updating Requirements
• Various Attachments
To address the components required by the WDRs, the following subsections provide a summary of the applicable procedures that are currently being evaluated for implementation and included in the SERP.
Further detailed descriptions of the policies and proce dures as they pertain to responding to spills are included in the SERP document included in Appendix D.
6.2 Spill Notification Procedures
The SERP includes procedures for proper notification of the appropriate staff in a timely manner.
Notifications of possible spills are received via telephone calls or online via Anaheim Anytime. All telephone calls or complaints for actual or possible spills are routed directly to the Public Works Operations Division from either City’s Customer Service or the Utilities Department if the notification is received during non-business hours.
The City has primary responsibility for determining when to post notices of polluted surface waters or ground surfaces that resulted from uncontrolled wastewater discharges from its facilities. The Orange County Health Care Agency may also direct the City to post notices. The postings do not necessarily prohibit the use of recreational areas, unless posted otherwise, but provide a warning of potential public health risks due to sewage contamination.
The posting of notices shall be done as soon as practicable following the initial response to the spill. Signs should be posted on either side of the point of entry where sewage entered the body of water or public Chapter 6: Spill Emergency Response Plan (SERP)
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
6-3 May 2025
facility and the nearest public access point to that body of water or public facility. Examples of signs are included in Attachment H of the SERP.
Should additional notification of sewage contamination be deemed necessary, City staff shall, in cooperation with the City’s Public Information Office (PIO), provide further notices through the use of pre- scripted notices made available to the printed or e lectronic news media for immediate publication or airing, or by other measures, such as door hangers. Examples of pre-scripted notices, which are included in Attachment I of the SERP, may be modified to accurately reflect the conditions at the time of publication and/or airing.
6.3 Spill Response
The City’s SERP includes response priorities, safety, and overflow containment, correction, and clean -up measures for potential or actual spills of various types. Specific actions to be performed by the Public Works Operations Division staff and additional crews for public and private spills are outlined and described. To summarize the spill response procedures, a flow chart that illustrates the City’s emergency response procedures, including notification and request of additional resources as required in the event of a large spill, is included and offers a concise overview of the steps required to quickly respond to a n actual or possible spill event.
6.4 Procedures for Prompt Notification of Regulatory Agencies
The volume, impact, and location of a spill determine the level of notifications required to comply with City and regulatory requirements. Included in the SERP is Table 2 -2 that summarizes the officials and agencies to be notified and under what conditions they are to be notified of a spill . Attachment C of the SERP includes a list of the specific names and telephone numbers of the individuals to be notified. The contact list should be updated as necessary and verified at least annually.
6.5 Training of Appropriate Staff and Contractors
Appropriate staff will participate in regularly scheduled training sessions to assist response crews with awareness of their responsibilities and executing their duties. The training sessions will be organized based on the latest SERP as well as other reference materials. Training will also incorporate hands-on field demonstrations to ensure the preparedness of all response personnel to all anticipated situations.
Training and event participation will be documented and maintained. Currently, Public Works Operations staff are encouraged to receive training through various vendors. Additionally, the City encourages its staff to obtain the CWEA sponsored Collection System Maintenance certification. CWEA training and certification is encouraged at all four (4) grade levels. Addit ional certification requirements may be imposed in the future if deemed necessary by the SARWQCB.
Chapter 6: Spill Emergency Response Plan (SERP)
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
6-4 May 2025
6.6 Emergency Procedures and Response Activities (i.e. traffic/crowd control and other necessary response activities)
Guidelines for traffic and crowd control to limit public access to areas potentially impacted by unpermitted discharges of sewage based on the various types of spills are also provided. Traffic and crowd control guidelines are included in Section 2.6 of the SERP.
Additional response activities are detailed in Chapter 3 of the SERP that may include posting of notices which shall be done as soon as practicable following the initial response to the spill.
6.7 Spill Prevention and Containment
The City follows an O&M Program to prevent spills. The City’s Preventative Maintenance Program includes the routine cleaning and inspection of the wastewater pipelines and specifically the high f requency maintenance locations. Twenty (20) flow monitors with high water alarms were also procured and placed in strategic locations to notify sewer crews of any abnormal conditions and to avoid reoccurrence of sewer spills at these locations.
The SERP provides the guidance to facilitate and ensure the proper response to any type of potential spill occurrence. The SERP includes a strategy for the Public Works Operations staff to mobilize labor, material, tools, and equipment to contain, mitigate, and clean -up residuals from a spill and correct or repair any condition which may cause or contribute to an un -permitted sewage discharge. Appropriate mitigation measures to contain the spill and recover spilled sewage to minimize the impact to the publi c or environment are included. Additionally, City staff will implement monitoring measures and perform a thorough assessment of the site for potential future spills and to prevent spills from re-occurring. The efforts serve to minimize and correct any adverse impact on the environment that may potentially result from a spill.
6.8 Conduct Post-Spill Response Assessments
Following spill response activities, the City conducts assessments with input from City staff, contractors, and any other affected parties to gauge the overall effectiveness of spill response effort and to identify deficiencies. Specifically, Operations staff performs debriefs on the sewer spill response efforts, typically during bi-weekly tailgate meetings. Areas of discussion may include spill response time, containment, traffic and crowd control efforts, cleanup activities, sampling and remediation, among other categories.
For especially large or complex spills, the debriefing meetings may involve upper management and engineering staff, as applicable.
Chapter 6: Spill Emergency Response Plan (SERP)
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
6-5 May 2025
6.9 Document and Report Spill Events
As required by the Order, the City will document and report spill events according to the spill category.
The City relies on the Orange County Health Care Agency (OCHCA) for monitoring water quality and posting beach closures. All spills are reported immediately to the OCHCA office.
The WDR Order has specific procedures for the 4 Categories of Sanitary Sewer Spills:
Category 1: a spill of any volume of sewage from or caused by a sanitary sewer system that results in a discharge to a surface water, or a drainage conveyance system that discharges to surface waters when the sewage is not fully captured and returned to the sanitary sewer system or disposed of properly.
Category 2: a spill of 1,000 gallons or greater, from or caused by a sanitary sewer system failure or blockage, that spills out of a lateral and does not discharge to a surface water. Category 3: a spill of equal to or greater than 50 gallons and less than 1,000 gallons, from or caused by a sanitary sewer system failure or blockage, that spills out of a lateral and does not discharge to a surface water.
Category 4: a spill of less than 50 gallons, from or caused by a sanitary sewer system failure or blockage, that spills out of a lateral and does not discharge to a surface water.
The City has procedures for conducting water quality sampling and preparing a Spill Report for any Category 1 and Category 2 spills. Per WDR requirements, the City shall submit a draft Spill Report to the online CIWQS database within 3 business days of the City’s knowledge of a Category 1 spill; and the City shall submit a Certified Spill Report to the CIWQS within 15 calendar days.
The City also has procedures for conducting water quality sampling and preparing a Spill Technical Report for any Category 1 spill in which 50,000 gallons or greater are spilled into surface waters. For spills of this volume, the City shall submit a Spill Technical Report to the CIWQS database within 45 calendar days of the spill end date.
The City shall report and certify all Category 3 and Category 4 spills to the online CIWQS database within 30 calendar days after the end of the month in which spills occurred.
6.10 Annually Review and Assess SERP Effectiveness and Update the Plan Annually, the City will review and assess the effectiveness of its SERP, and update the Plan as needed.
Chapter 7: Sewer Pipe Blockage Control Program
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
7-1 May 2025
Chapter 7 of this SSMP addresses the requirements included in Attachment D-7 of the Order. The requirements state:
Sewer Pipe Blockage Control Program: The SSMP must include procedures for the evaluation of the Enrollee’s service area to determine whether a sewer pipe blockage control program is needed to control fats, oils, grease (FOG) and rags and debris. If the Enrollee determines that a program is not needed, the Enrollee must provide justification in its Plan for why it is not needed. The procedures must include, at a minimum:
(a) An implementation plan and schedule for a public education outreach program that promotes proper disposal of pipe-blocking substances; (b) A plan and schedule for the disposal of pipe- blocking substances generated within the sanitary sewer system service area. This may include a list of acceptable disposal facilities and/or additional facilities needed to adequately dispose of substances gene rated within a sanitary sewer system service area;
(c) The legal authority to prohibit discharges to the system and identify measures to prevent spills and blockages;
(d) Requirements to install grease removal devices (such as traps or interceptors), design standards for the removal devices, maintenance requirements, BMP requirements, record keeping and reporting requirements;
(e) Authority to inspect grease producing facilities, enforcement authorities, and whether the Enrollee has sufficient staff to inspect and enforce the FOG ordinance;
(f) An identification of sanitary sewer system sections subject to FOG blockages and establishment of a cleaning maintenance schedule for each section; and
(g) Implementation of source control measures for all sources of FOG discharged to the sanitary sewer system for each section identified above .
7.1 Discussion on Sewer Pipe Blockage Control Program
The City prepared and implemented a FOG Control Program in 2005 to prevent sewer pipe blockages. The program documents its current activities and facilitates the maximum beneficial public use for the City’s sanitary sewer system while preventing blockages of the sewer lines and reducing the adverse effects on sewage treatment operations resulting from discharges of FOG, as well as rags, trash and other debris into the system.
Chapter 7: Sewer Pipe Blockage Control Program
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
7-2 May 2025
The City’s FOG Control Program summarizes the components of the processes and procedures intended to reduce the quantity of FOG discharged into the City’s sanitary sewer system to achieve the goal of minimizing sanitary sewer spills due to excessive FOG. The key elements of the City’s FOG Control Program include:
• FOG Control Ordinances
• Effluent Limitation & Discharge Requirements
• Kitchen Best Management Practices
• FOG Pretreatment
• Notification, Record-Keeping, & Reporting Requirements • Grease Interceptor Installation and Operation Requirements • Grease Trap Operation, Inspection, and Maintenance Requirements • Waste Hauler Requirements
• Plumbing Permits, Inspection, and Enforcement
• Public Education
To address the components required by the WDRs, the following subsections provide a summary of the applicable FOG control procedures currently being implemented. The complete FOG Control Program Rules and Regulations are included in Appendix C.
7.2 Public Education Program
A component of the City’s FOG Control Program has been source control , with a concentrated effort in educating FSE staff on the negative impacts of introducing FOG into the wastewater collection system.
During the regularly performed site inspections, City staff provide informative and practical suggestions for reducing the quantity of FOG discharged into the City’s wastewater collection system, engaging FSE staff in reducing FOG-related spills. To date, the City’s efforts to educate FSE staff have been effective in attaining the desired results from the FSEs.
When it comes to specific measures that the City implement s to prevent rags, trash, debris, and roots from impacting the sanitary sewer system – public education plays a significant role, along with enhanced maintenance for areas that have identified issues with debris, rags, roots, etc. For roots in particular , affected areas are typically repaired or added to the Cured-in-Place Pipe (CIPP) lining projects.
7.3 Disposal of Pipe Blocking Substances
The City of Anaheim Municipal Code (AMC), Chapter 10.08 on Domestic and Industrial Waste addresses most of the requirements pertaining to sewer pipe blockage control within the City’s service area. This chapter of AMC is mainly administered by the City’s Code Enforcement through the FOG control program.
Chapter 7: Sewer Pipe Blockage Control Program
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
7-3 May 2025
In addition to the FOG Ordinance, the City has adopted Fats, Oils, and Grease Source Control Program Rules and Regulations to specify appropriate FOG discharge requirements and limitations for FSEs to prevent blockages of sewer lines resulting from discharges of FOG. The City of Anaheim Rules and Regulations include kitchen best management practices (BMPs) which are simple and effective ways that an FSE can implement to prevent and reduce the quantity of FOG discharged into the sanitary sewer system. BMPs include specifics for items including, but not limited to, collection, storage and disposal of waste cooking oil; disposal of FOG waste into trash rather than sinks or floor drains; employee training; signage; and availability of spill kits.
The effluent limitations and requirements for the pretreatment of wastewater flows generated at FSEs is also included in the FOG Control Program. General FOG pretreatment requirements are specified in the ordinance. Specifics are included in the Rules and Regulations. The ordinance includes provi sions such that existing FSEs are not required to install a grease interceptor, unless the FSE adversely impacts or has a reasonable potential to adversely impact the sanitary sewer system by causing or contributing to FOG high maintenance locations, interference, or spills.
7.4 Legal Authority to Prohibit Discharges
The City’s current legal authority to limit and prohibit FOG from entering the City’s wastewater collection system is established through its existing municipal codes, regulations, ordinances, and permitting procedures. Section 10.08, Domestic and Industrial Waste, of the City’s AMC, includes requirements and prohibitions pertaining to the use of the City’s wastewater collection system.
Specifically, Section 10.08.040, Substances Banned From The Public Sewers, of the City’s municipal code, includes a general description of the various types of substances restricted by the City from being directly or indirectly discharged into the collection system. The restrictions are applicable to all users of the City’s system. Section 10.08.100 specifically addresses the FOG discharge limitations for FSEs pertaining to the direct or indirect discharge of FOG to the City’s sewer facilities.
FOG Ordinance 5950, which serves to adopt the City’s Fats, Oils, and Grease Source Control Rules and Regulations, also specifies appropriate FOG discharge requirements, limitations, and prohibitions for FSEs to prevent blockages of sewer lines resulting from discharges of FOG. The key elements of the Rules and Regulations applicable to FSEs include imple mentation of Kitchen BMPs, installation, operation and maintenance of an approved type and adequately sized grease control device, and the notification, record keeping and reports.
7.5 Requirements for Installation of Pretreatment Devices
The requirement for the installation of a grease interceptor is a key requirement of the City’s municipal code and FOG Rules and Regulations (Appendix C ). City’s website provides flowcharts and additional information on how the determination is performed as to the installation of an interceptor or provision Chapter 7: Sewer Pipe Blockage Control Program
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
7-4 May 2025
of a variance at the following link https://www.anaheim.net/506/Subdivisions-Development-Services. It contains a Variance Review Process Flow Chart that describes the evaluation process currently utilized to determine whether the installation of a grease interceptor is needed.
Sizing and installation requirements for the grease interceptors are determined by the City’s Building Division which reviews and approves the sizing and installation of grease interceptors with input from the Public Works Engineering / Development Service s Division as a part of the building permit process. The Building Division bases the design and sizing of the grease interceptors on the adopted version of the California Plumbing Code (CPC).
The City requires compliance with specific sections of the adopted CPC. Cleaning and removal of accumulated grease is required by a licensed waste hauler with an approved license from an authorizing agency. To ensure proper disposal of the collected grease, the FSE is required to maintain copies of hauling documentation.
7.6 Facility Inspection
The City focuses its inspection efforts on “Recall Sites,” FSEs, and establishments that have historically discharged FOG to the sewer system. The inspections serve to ensure compliance with the City’s municipal code, FOG Control Program Ordinances and req uirements, and the Fats Oils and Grease Source Control Program Rules and Regulations. Compliance with the City’s municipal code requires that reasonable access to all parts of the FSE is made available when inspection and/or sampling of the wastewater is required.
As part of an agreement with the City, the Orange County Health Care Agency (OCHCA) inspects FSEs for FOG compliance at least once a year during routine health inspections. Follow up inspections by the City’s Code Enforcement are conducted if the OCHCA inspection encounters establishment deficiencies, private sewer spills, contribution to a high frequency maintenance location or other violations. BMP inspections are conducted to evaluate compliance with the facility’s best management practices requirements.
Enforcement inspections are conducted when increased facility oversight is deemed necessary or when the establishment’s Conditional Waiver or Variance is revoked.
Since the City’s proactive maintenance procedures have been successful in minimizing the number of spills and addressing the high frequency maintenance locations, the City intends to continue its current FOG Control Program measures.
7.7 Maintenance Schedule for High Frequency Maintenance Locations
The performance and scheduling of preventive operation and maintenance activities is performed by the existing staff. The Preventive Maintenance Program includes a cleaning cycle for the areas that have been identified by the City staff as “Recall Sites.” The City’s Recall Sites include pipe segments with high FOG Chapter 7: Sewer Pipe Blockage Control Program
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
7-5 May 2025
accumulations, root intrusion, and siphons. The pipe segments within the wastewater system identified as Recall Sites are routinely cleaned on a 30, 90, and 120 day basis based on field observations, historic conditions, or operator / supervisor recommendations.
7.8 Development and Implementation of Source Control Measures
Detailed information pertaining to the implementation of the City’s FOG Control Program and the source control measures for all sources of FOG discharged to the sanitary sewer system are included in the FOG Control Program Rules and Regulations, Appendix C, for reference.
Chapter 8: System Evaluation, Capacity Assurance and Capital Improvements
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
8-1 May 2025
Chapter 8 of this SSMP addresses the requirements included in Attachment D- 8 of the Order. The requirements state:
System Evaluation, Capacity Assurance and Capital Improvements: The SSMP must include procedures and activities for: routine evaluation and assessment of system conditions, capacity assessment and design criteria, prioritization of corrective actions, and a Capital Improvement Plan (CIP).
(a) System Evaluation and Condition Assessment: The Plan must include procedures to: evaluate the sanitary sewer system assets utilizing the best practices and technologies available, identify and justify the amount (percentage) of its system for its condition to be assessed each year, prioritize the condition assessment of system areas that hold a high level of environmental consequences if vulnerable to collapse, failure, blockage, capacity issues, or other system deficiencies, are located in or within the vicinity of surface waters, steep terrain, high groundwater elevations, and environmentally sensitive areas, and/or are within the vicinity of a receiving water with a bacterial-related impairment on the current Clean Water Act section 303(d) list. The Plan must also include procedures to:
assess the system conditions using visual observations, video surveillance and/or other comparable system inspection methods, utilize observations/evidence of system conditions that may contribute to exiting of sewage from the system which can reasonably be expected to discharge into a water of the State, maintain documents and recordkeeping of system evaluation and condition assessment inspections and activities, and identify system assets vulnerable to direct and indirect impacts of climate change, including but not limited to sea level rise, increased flooding and erosion due to increased storm volumes, frequency, and/or intensity, power disruptions, and wildfires.
(b) Capacity Assessment and Design Criteria: The Plan must include procedures to identify system components that are experiencing or contributing to spills caused by hydraulic deficiency and/or limited capacity, including procedures to identify the appropriate hydraulic capacity of key system elements for dry -weather and wet -weather peak flow conditions that cause or contribute to spill events, the capacity of key system components and identify the major sources that contribute to the peak flows associated with sewer spills. The capacity assessment must also consider data from existing system condition assessments, inspections, audits and other available information, and capacity of flood -prone systems subject to increased infiltration and inflow (I/I), under no rmal local and regional storm condition, capacity of systems … …subject to increased I/I due to larger and/or higher- intensity storms as a result of climate change, increases of erosive forces in canyons and streams near underground and above-ground system components due to larger and/or Chapter 8: System Evaluation, Capacity Assurance and Capital Improvements
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
8-2 May 2025
higher intensity storm events, capacity of major system elements to accommodate dry -weather peak flow conditions, and updated design storm and wet-weather events, and necessary redundancy in pumping and storage capacities.
(c) Prioritization of Corrective Action : the findings of the condition assessments and capacity assessments must be used to prioritize corrective actions. Prioritization must consider the severity of the consequences of potential spills.
(d) Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) must include: project schedules including completion dates for all portions of the capital improvement program; internal and external project funding sources for each project, and joint coordination between operation and maintenance (O&M) staff, and engineering staff/consultants during planning, design, and construction of capital improvement projects, and interagency coordination with other impacted utility agencies.
8.1 System Evaluation and Condition Assessment
In 2005, the City performed an evaluation of its sanitary sewer system and documented the evaluation in three (3) separate master plans that collectively address the City’s complete wastewater collection system. The Master Plans include the Central Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers, the West Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers, and the East Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers to reflect three (3) areas or zones that the overall City’s sewer system is divided into . The East Anaheim Master Plan was updated in March 2023, as the Central Anaheim Master Plan was last updated in December 2017 and the West Anaheim Master Plan was updated in June 2019 . The City of Anaheim posts its Sanitary Sewer Master Plans on its website at https://www.anaheim.net/583/Storm -Drainage-Sanitary-Sewer-Master- Pla link. The following provides a brief description of the areas evaluated in each of the Master Plans.
Central Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers
The Master Plan was completed in December 2017. The Central Anaheim Master Plan includes evaluation of the area located east of Euclid Street and west of the Santa Ana River. The study area consists of residential, commercial, and industrial land uses, as well as limited portions of the cities of Fullerton and Garden Grove. The areas encompass approximately 10,267 gross acres (16.6 square miles). This study was modeled by combining a number of existing separate sewer models representing the various basins o r models of the study area generated by the Combined Central Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers dated September 2006. The report was used as a bias to create new models for the City’s Central Anaheim area. The data used in creating the models was updat ed and incorporated into the models to more accurately reflect existing conditions. The City is currently in the process of updating its Central Anaheim Master Plan to incorporate changes in population density and a new modelling software Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). This modeling software will incorporate momentum and non-steady state analysis to more accurately predict peak flow rates.
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The new master plan will also incorporate flow monitoring data to determine I /I and ensure Peak Wet Weather Flow (PWWF) is accommodated in the system capacity analysis.
West Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers
This Master Plan was updated in June 2019 . The West Anaheim Master Plan includes evaluation of the area located west of Euclid Street. The area, which includes residential, commercial and industrial land uses, encompasses portions of Fullerton, Garden Grove, Cypress, and unincorporated areas of Orange County with an approximate total area of 7,450 gross acres (11.65 square miles).
East Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers
The Master Plan was completed in March 2023. The objectives of this Master Plan was to evaluate the sewer system within the E astern portion of the City of Anaheim, generally located east of the Orange Freeway (SR-57) and Riverside Freeway (SR -91), and identify sewer system needs for existing and build - out peak dry weather flows (PDWF). The area, which includes residential, commercial and industrial land uses, encompasses an approximate total area of 12,658 gross acres (20 square miles).
Each Master Plan presented an assessment of the hydraulic capacity of the major sewer pipelines located in each study area at the time the study was completed. The improvement projects identified were considered to be required to correct system deficiencies under existing and build -out peak dry weather flow (PDWF) conditions. Additionally, facilities necessary to provide sewer services to undeveloped areas based on the designated land use, accommodate the anticipated increase in flows, and ensure sufficient capacity in the existing sanitary sewer system was identified. Future Master Plans for this area will analyze PWWF and will have it incorporated into the report . All p rior master plans were approved prior to the requirement that PWWF be analyzed.
The following subsections provide a brief summary of the modeled systems, flow estimates, and evaluation criteria used for the City’s sewer system capacity evaluation to address the components listed in Section 8.1 and as required by the WDRs.
8.1.1 Evaluation
The capacity assessment completed as part of each Master Plan was based on the results of the hydraulic modeling performed for the collection system in each study area under current and future estimated peak dry weather design flows. The hydraulic capacity of major City facilities was determined based on the quantity of wastewater flows generated and expected to be generated within each of the specific study areas. The estimated flows were determined based on the developed land use, planned development and wastewater generation factors for dry weather conditions. The system evaluation was performed to identify improvements necessary to adequately convey existing wastewater discharges and support future development flows through build -out conditions. The Mast er Plans adequately address the dry weather capacity issues for the system limits. Additionally, the Master Plans include a summary of improvement projects and planned sewer facilities to accommodate planned growth, improve hydraulic Chapter 8: System Evaluation, Capacity Assurance and Capital Improvements
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capacity, and servic e previously undeveloped areas. Since the implementation of the Master Plans, all necessary improvement projects are in the process of being completed, and areas in need of improved capacity that were not addressed – are being reevaluated to determine the need for capacity enhancement.
To date, the City has not experienced any sewer spills due to hydraulic deficiencies in the sewer system.
As the City implements the identified projects, this will aid in maintaining this record. Additionally, updating the hydraulic model to include significant system improvements and additions as they occur will help identify potential capacity problems in the wastewater collection system.
8.1.2 System Inspection and Condition Assessment Program
The City currently has one CCTV truck available to conduct inspections and assessments of sewer lines.
The CCTV operator documents CCTV observations and rates the severity of the defects observed based on National Association of Sewer Service Companies (NA SSCO) ratings. The CCTV video and results are stored on a hard drive within the CCTV truck. Periodically, the Operations Supervisor downloads the videos to an office hard drive for review.
The City completed CCTV inspections for the entire system in 2019. The goal to complete CCTV inspection of the entire system is once every 7 years for segments under 12”. Currently, the City is on track to meet its CCTV inspection goals. Due to the vast span of the City and the continuous pressures that the City’s crews are under, a decision has been made to bring in contractors to ensure that Anaheim meets its CCTV inspection goals.
8.1.3 Vulnerability to Direct and Indirect Impacts of Climate Change
At this time the City of Anaheim is not anticipating any significant impacts from climate change, apart from possible infiltration and inflow (I/I) during peak rain events. The City addresses this issue during capital improvements by moving manholes out of the ribbon gutters in alleys. Duct seal and rubber stoppers have been used in the past to seal manholes as needed. The City also uses flow monitoring to identify I/I prone areas in its sewer system.
8.2 Capacity Assessment and Design Criteria
The City established hydraulic design criteria that were used in updating of each Master Plan. The following paragraphs summarize the process and the results.
8.2.1 Hydraulic Model Development
The hydraulic model for each study area was developed based upon the City’s prior studies and/or master planning efforts and available data. The models focused on the City’s main sewer trunk lines and tributary Chapter 8: System Evaluation, Capacity Assurance and Capital Improvements
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sewer pipes of all sizes present in the sewer system . This is typical within the industry for hydraulic modeling as these facilities convey the highest flows and are generally more likely to experience future increases in flow from new development. The City’s trunk sewers serve to collect and ultimately con vey the wastewater flows to the Orange County Sanitation District’s trunk sewers.
The models for each study area were originally developed using InterFlow. InterFlow is a static hydraulic computer model developed and provided to the City by CH2M Hill. For each study area, the existing models were converted to Hydra. Hydra is a hydraulic analysis computer model developed by Pizer that simulates flow conditions, such as wastewater flow depth, flow rate, and velocity, within pipes and manholes in the City’s wastewater collection system. The model provides a representation of hydraulic flow conditions over an extended period of time, whereas the calculations generated by the steady state model represents an instant in time in the sewer’s capacity and is typically considered conservativ e for smaller collection mains. Hence, all new Master Plans will use Aquanuity’s AquaTwin Sewer software that is a SWMM model with momentum and backwater considerations and is an extension of ArcGIS Pro.
The following provides a brief summary of the method used for developing the models for each study area.
West Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers Model
The model developed for the West Anaheim Master Plan was based on the models prepared as part of the previous sewer studies. The models developed with the previous studies used InterFlow. InterFlow is a static hydraulic computer model developed and provided to the City by CH2M Hill. For the West Anaheim Master Plan, the existing models were converted to Hydra. Converting to the dynamic model, Hydra, allowed for the analysis of the pipelines at varying flows over an extended period of time to determine the City’s long-term capacity needs for the next 30 years.. New pipelines constructed since the completion of previous studies were included in the Hydra models. Additionally, the areas not previously modeled, were created directly in Hydra.
The sewer basin boundaries were delineated in AutoCAD and the land use types within each basin were identified using existing land use maps. The distribution of land uses was matched to the actual net acreage for each land use type and the areas were calculated for wastewater producing land uses within each sewer basin. Density factors for residential land uses were included in the models. Unit flow factors were used for nonresidential land uses.
Central Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers Model
The sewer modeling was completed using the computer modeling software, InfoSewer. InfoSewer operates within ArcGIS and provides direct GIS integration. With InfoSewer the City gained a GIS based system that could be easily quarried for each individual pipe to better analyze the system day-to-day and identify capacity availability and routing options.
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For this master plan update, the existing sewer models were converted from Hydra software used in the previous master plan to the InfoSewer software. In addition, new pipeline improvements constructed after completion of the previous Master Plan were included in the InfoSewer model.
East Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers Model
The sewer modeling was completed using InterFlow as part of the previous sewer master plan studies.
Converting to the dynamic model, Hydra, allowed for the analysis of the pipelines at varying flows over an extended period of time to determine the City’s long-term capacity needs for the next 30 years. Also, new pipelines constructed since the completion of previous studies were included in the Hydra models.
For the areas not previously modeled, the models were created directly in Hydra.
The sewer basin boundaries were delineated in ArcGIS and the land use types within each basin were identified. The distribution of land uses was matched to the actual dwelling units or net acreage for each land use type. Density factors for residential land uses were utilized in the models. Unit flow factors were used for nonresidential land uses.
8.2.2 Estimated Wastewater Generation Rates
Estimates for wastewater generation rates are typically prepared using population and/or land use data.
As part of consolidating the studies previously prepared and updating each Master Plan, population growth was projected and residential and non-residential flow factors were reviewed and evaluated.
Population data was obtained from the City’s Planning Department and reflected state census data that was used to estimate the projected population growth for each study area. Based on the projected population growth, land use data obtained from the City’s General Plan, a review of the factors used in the previous sewer studies, and model calibration based on flow monitoring data, the data was collectively used to determine the density and unit flow factors for each study area. As well, unit flow factors were compared to unit flow factors provided by Orange County Sanitation District. The following provides a summary of the methodology used in each study area to develop the wastewater generation rates used to update the Master Plans for each study area. New master plans will incorporate return rates for water usage to better calibrate results and flow monitoring and to calibrate basin flow rates and diurnal curves.
Central Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers Wastewater Generation Rates
Residential and Non-Residential Flow Factors
The density factors and the unit flow factors used for existing and build-out land use conditions in previous studies were reviewed and evaluated. Additionally, flow monitoring was conducted at twenty -five (25) sites within the study area. The Master Plan includes a summary of the thirteen (13) selected sites from which data was obtained and used in the Master plan. The flow monitoring data was used to calibrate the Chapter 8: System Evaluation, Capacity Assurance and Capital Improvements
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computer model to determine existing residential unit flow factors for the areas monitored. Based on the review and evaluation, the average residential and non -residential flow factors are shown in the Master Plan. In addition, the City has incorporated 20 flow sensors that continuously monitor key locations to identify I/I, study flow for CIP, and signify maintenance concerns.
The average dwelling units per acre for existing residential land use was determined by calculating the average density of various land uses from several representative basins to reflect the localized existing land use condition. The average number of pers ons per dwelling unit was obtained from the City’s Planning Department. For build -out contractors, the number of dwelling units per acre was taken from the City’s General Plan and the average number of persons per dwelling unit was obtained from the City’s Planning Department. When compared to previous studies, the density factors determined were similar.
Unit flow factors of non-residential land uses were obtained from the previous City of Anaheim deficiency studies and OCSD. Based on the review and evaluation of the unit flow factors, it was determined that flow factors used in previous sewer studies were higher than the flow factors provided by OCSD. As the OCSD flow factors were considered to be more representative of the existing conditions, they were incorporated into the model.
West Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers Wastewater Generation Rates
Residential
The density factors and the unit flow factors used for existing and build-out land use conditions in previous studies were reviewed and evaluated. Additionally, flow monitoring was conducted at sixteen (16) sites within the study area. The Master Plan includes a summary of the sixteen (16) sites from which data was obtained and used within the Master Plan. The flow monitoring data was used to calibrate the computer model to determine existing residential unit flow factors for the areas monitored. Based upon the review of previously used density and unit flow factors and flow monitoring data, the recommended residential unit flow factor used to develop the model was 100 gpcd.
The average dwelling units per acre for existing residential land use was determined by calculating the average density of various land uses from several representative basins to reflect the localized existing land use condition. The average number of pers ons per dwelling unit was obtained from the City’s Planning Department. For build-out conditions, the number of dwelling units per acre was taken from the City’s General Plan and the average number of persons per dwelling unit was obtained from the City’s Planning Department. When compared to previous studies, the density factors were similar.
Non-Residential
Unit flow factors for non-residential land uses were obtained from the previous City of Anaheim deficiency studies and OCSD. Based on the review and evaluation of the unit flow factors, it was determined that Chapter 8: System Evaluation, Capacity Assurance and Capital Improvements
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flow factors used in previous sewer studies were higher than the flow factors provided by OCSD. As the OCSD flow factors were considered to be more representative of the existing conditions, they were incorporated into the model. For build -out conditions, an anticipated percentage of the non -residential land use acreage within the study area was assumed to be contributing to the flows. The use of built-out condition is an artform and requires incorporation of many factors into this assumption.
The West Anaheim Master Plan include s a summary of the Residential Density Factors and Non - Residential Unit Flow Factors, respectively, used for developing the model for the study area.
East Anaheim Master Plan of Sanitary Sewers Wastewater Generation Rates
Residential
The density factors and the unit flow factors used for existing and build-out land use conditions in previous studies were reviewed. Additionally, flow monitoring was conducted at fifteen (15) sites within the study area. The Master Plan includes a summary of the fifteen (15) sites from which data was obtained and used in the Master Plan. The flow monitoring data was used to calibrate the computer model to determine existing residential unit flow factors for the areas monitored. Based upon the review, the r ecommended residential unit flow factors used were 80 gpcd and 100 gpcd for existing and build -out flow conditions, respectively. These factors are generally within the range of typical values for cities and agencies in Southern California.
The East Anaheim Master Plan include s a summary of the Existing Residential Density and Unit Flow Factors and the Build-Out Residential Density and Unit Flow Factors, respectively, used for developing the model for the study area.
Non-Residential
Flow monitors were sited in areas of homogeneous non -residential land use classifications to calibrate existing non -residential unit flow factors. The flow factors were calculated by dividing the total homogenous basin average daily flow by the total parcel areas in acres which resu lted in gpd/acre. For build-out conditions, the unit flow factors used in previous studies were used as they were determined to be more conservative.
The East Anaheim Master Plan includes a summary of the Non-Residential Existing Unit Flow Factors and Non-Residential Build-Out Unit Flow Factors, respectively, used for developing the model for the study area. The City also identifies heavy users in its Master Plans where the average flow factors are not suitable.
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8.2.3 System Capacity Analysis
To calibrate the hydraulic model and establish the estimated flow within the pipes for dry weather conditions, the consultant used the flow data from the temporary flow monitoring program. The dry weather flow calibration involved adjusting unit flow rates and hourly diurnal profiles. The hourly diurnal profiles were developed based on flow meter data.
Design flows for the build-out dry weather condition were developed and input into the model to identify capacity deficiencies and develop capital improvement projects (CIPs). Future dry weather peak flows were developed by applying the future flow estimates to the future unit generation rates and diurnal flow patterns. The build-out (design) flow conditions were then run in the model and results were compared to threshold criteria to determine capacity deficiencies.
The threshold criteria for the build-out dry weather condition was a depth-to-diameter ratio (d/D) at the design flow (Design Q) designated as d/D. This d/D ratio was calculated in the Hydra program and was used to identify pipes needing improvement. The City’s criteria consist s of a maximum allowable d/D =
0.75 for pipe with diameters equal to or greater than twelve inches and d/D = 0.67 for pipe with diameters less than twelve inches. Thus, pipes with d/D ratios greater than these values were identified as needing improvement. In addition to the d/D calculations, the Hydra program calculates three flow values in terms of cubic feet per second (cfs). These values are Q
full, Qmax, and Qexcess. Qfull is defined as the capacity of the pipe at full flow conditions. Qmax is the capacity of the pipe at a specified d/D. And, Qexcess is the difference between Qmax and the Design Q.
Design flows are typically based on a calibrated or extrapolated wet weather events or an applied allotment to dry weather flows to account for I/I. Although specific wet weather flow data for each study area is not included in the Master Plans, according to the City’s criteria, the recommended pipe sizes for the improvements identified account for wet weather flow conditions.
8.2.4 Capacity Enhancement Measures
Based on the threshold criteria discussed above, a CIP for the replacement of sewer pipelines is each study area was developed. The pipelines that require replacement for insufficient capacity were identified.
8.3 Prioritization of Corrective Action
The projects identified in the Master Plan for each study area address capacity limitations for dry weather flow conditions , for both existing and build -out conditions. Projects are summarized and presented according to the number assigned to the model during its development. Also included for each study area were estimated costs for the recommended improvements. Sources of fun ding for the CIP projects are identified for each Master Plan.
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8.4 Capital Improvement Plan
The City is on schedule to update the Master Plans on a 10- year cycle to ensure changes in demands, population, and land uses are incorporated. Additionally, the wastewater collection system capacity assessment should be updated for each Master Plan, if planned development or re -development plans change significantly, if there are changes in contracts with the Orange County Sanitation District, or if other conditions arise that are expected to have significant capacity impacts on the system.
Chapter 9: Monitoring, Measurement and Program Modifications City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
9-1 May 2025
9.1 Discussion of Monitoring, Measurement, and Program Modifications
To date, the City has effectively managed and maintained information pertaining to the wastewater infrastructure by manually recording preventive maintenance activities and documenting notifications received regarding potential and actual spill occurrences. The City has tracked performance measures through logs and reports including, but not limited to, the length of pipe cleaned, the quantity, cause and location of stoppages, spills , and the scheduled maintenance of high frequency maintenance locations.
The City will continue to monitor the performance measures it currently tracks.
To address the components required by the WDRs, the following subsections provide a summary of the procedures to properly monitor program progress and implement necessary modifications.
9.2 Maintaining Relevant Information Pertaining to SSMP Activities
The City has designated the Public Works Operations Supervisor as the individual responsible to continually monitor the SSMP provisions to ensure that the system is maintained in conformance with the document. As improvements or modifications are identifie d, the City will implement the necessary adjustments to the program at the earliest practical time.
Chapter 9 of this SSMP addresses the requirements included in Attachment D-9 of the Order. The requirements state:
Monitoring, Measurement, and Program Modifications: The Plan must include an Adaptive Management section that addresses Plan-implementation effectiveness and the steps for necessary Plan improvement, including:
(a) Maintaining relevant information, including audit findings that can be used to establish and prioritize appropriate SSMP activities;
(b) Monitoring the implementation and, where appropriate, measure the effectiveness of each element of the SSMP;
(c) Assessing the success of the preventative maintenance program; (d) Updating SSMP procedures and activities, as appropriate, based on results of monitoring and performance evaluations; and
(e) Identifying and illustrating spill trends, including spill frequency, locations, and estimated volumes.
Chapter 9: Monitoring, Measurement and Program Modifications
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9.3 Monitoring the Implementation and Measuring the Effectiveness of SSMP Elements
As the SSMP elements are implemented and evolve, the City will modify the elements due to new technology, equipment, code changes, specific program enhancements, and the collection system’s rehabilitation through implementation of the CIP. The Public Works Contracts Specialist should identify and recommend updates to this SSMP as part of the City’s regular performance measurement assessments.
The following performance parameters may be utilized along with other typical industry and EPA performance indicators for the City’s system:
1) Pipe age
2) O&M cost/mile/year
3) O&M staff/100 miles
4) Percent of system each year
5) Total annual percent cleaned
6) System cleaning cycle frequency
7) FOG program activities
8) Percent CCTV per year
9) I/I monitoring
10) Planning goals status
9.4 Assessing the Success of Preventative Maintenance Program
The City developed the O&M Program that includes a summary of the City’s current procedures and practices as they pertain to the O&M activities. On a regular basis, at least once every two (2) years, the City should evaluate the effectiveness of the O&M Program elements and staffing levels.
Recommendations for appropriate adjustments and an implementation schedule should be developed.
Implementation of any changes should be based on urgency of the need, coordination with other program elements, and management approvals.
9.5 Updating Program Procedures and Activities
The City must review this SSMP on a regular basis and update the document with any significant changes.
The SSMP must be reviewed, updated, and re-certified at least once every six (6) years. The City’s process should include distributing the SSMP to appropriate City staff for review to ensure the most current legal authority, response plans, organizational charts, equipment lists, and contact/notification information is included. Once the City makes operational, maintenance, management, and administrative changes, the City may consider distributing the SSMP to other agencies to perform a peer review of the document.
Once recommendations are incorporated into the document, the SSMP will be ready for public dissemination and ultimately for recertification by the City Council. The City is responsible for maintaining the SSMP program as required by the Santa Ana RWQCB and will make the SSMP accessible to the public.
Chapter 9: Monitoring, Measurement and Program Modifications
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
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9.6 Identifying and Illustrating Spill Trends
The City currently maintains a spreadsheet with information pertaining to actual sewer spills. The City also submits spill information on the CIWQS website which is accessible to the public. The City will continue to document spill trends. Finally, the City of Anaheim is efficiently and effectively implementing measures to properly document and report any spills as required by the WDRs.
9.7 SSMP Modifications
The City must update the SSMP periodically to maintain current information and modify the programs as necessary to ensure program effectiveness and continual compliance with the WDRs. Information that will be routinely updated includes, but is not limited to, contact names and phone numbers for City staff responsible for implementation of specific SSMP programs, staff on stand-by rotational schedule for spill response, and approved contractors and vendors.
As modifications to elements of this SSMP are deemed necessary, the City will implement them at the earliest practical time. However, changes will be officially made to this SSMP during the annual or bi- annual update to the document. A comprehensive SSMP update, and recertification will occur every six (6) years or as necessary and will include any significant program changes.
Chapter 10: Internal Audits
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
10-1 May 2025
10.1 Discussion of SSMP Program Audits
The City must complete an internal audit of its SSMP, and the implementation of its Plan, at a minimum frequency of once every three (3) years . Any modifications identified while monitoring the implementation of this SSMP will be officially noted during the SSMP tri-annual audit to ensure this SSMP is up to date. The audit will be completed internally, and the City has the option to have the audit performed by an appropriate third-party auditor or a neighboring agency. At a minimum, the audit must:
• Evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of the Enrollee’s Sewer System Management Plan in preventing spills
• Evaluate the Enrollee’s compliance with the Order no. 2022-0103-DWQ • Identify Sewer System Management Plan deficiencies in addressing ongoing spills and discharges to waters of the State; and
• Identify necessary modifications to the Sewer System Management Plan to correct deficiencies.
The Enrollee shall submit a complete audit report that includes:
• Audit findings and recommended corrective actions;
• A statement that sewer system operators’ input on the audit findings has been considered; and
• A proposed schedule for the Enrollee to address the identified deficiencies.
The audit must be conducted for the period after the end of the Enrollee’s last required audit period.
Within six (6) months after the end of the required 3 -year audit period the Legally Responsible Official (LRO) shall submit an audit report into the online CIWQS Sanitary Sewer System Database per the requirements in section 3.10 (Sewer System Management Plan Audit Reporting Requirements) of Attachment E1 of WDR Order 2022-0103-DWQ.
In accordance with the General Order, Table 1 0-1 below outlines the schedule for both the SSMP audits and the SSMP updates (re-certifications):
Chapter 10 of this SSMP addresses the requirements included in Attachment D -10 of the Order. The requirements state:
Internal Audits: The Plan shall include internal audit procedures, appropriate to the size and performance of the system, for the Enrollee to comply with section 5.4 (Sewer System Management Plan Audits) of the Order.
Chapter 10: Internal Audits
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Sewer System Management Plan
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Table 10-1
City of Anaheim SSMP Audit and Update Schedule
Previous
SSMP Audit
Due Date
SSMP Update or
Re-certification
Due Date
1st Upcoming
SSMP Audit
Due Date*
2nd Upcoming
SSMP Audit
Due Date*
Next SSMP Update or
Re-certification
Due Date
5/02/2024 5/02/2025 5/02/2027 5/02/2030 5/02/2031
* Audit reports are due six months after the audit due date.
Chapter 11: Communication Program
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
11-1 May 2025
11.1 Discussion of Communication Program
The City communicates its efforts to comply with the WDRs and addresses the development and implementation of this SSMP, as well as serves to educate, inform, and engage with key stakeholders, such as agencies that may be affected by a sanitary sewer spill, and businesses, deve lopers, contractors, vendors, and plumbers whose businesses could be impacted by specific requirements of elements of this SSMP with the public through its Public Education and Outreach Program.
Through the City’s Public Information Office r (PIO), the City coordinate s external communications between the City and the public regarding the implementation and on -going development of this SSMP and its various elements. The PIO is responsible for preparing and providing pertinent information for news releases, articles, and the website. Additionally, the PIO can work closely with the City Council, City departments, news media, the public and affected agencies to assist in promoting an open and frequent exchange of information necessary for the systematic and effective implementation of the various SSMP elements.
The following includes a summary of the City’s efforts to educate, inform and engage the public’s support and participation in the proper utilization of the City’s sanitary sewer system and comply with the WDR requirements.
City of Anaheim Official Website
The City’s current outreach efforts include maintaining a website (http://www.anaheim.net/) to inform the public about City activities. The City’s website is an effective communication channel for providing alerts and news to the public. The main page of the website provides access to various City departments, Chapter 11 of this SSMP addresses the requirements included in Attachment D -11 of the Order. The requirements state:
Communication Program: The Enrollee shall include procedures to communicate with the public for:
(a) Spills and discharges resulting in closures of public areas, or that enter a source of drinking water, and;
(b) The development, implementation, and update of its SSMP, including opportunities for public input to Plan implementation and updates.
The Enrollee shall include procedures to communicate with the owners/operators of systems that connect into the Enrollee’s system, including satellite systems for system operation, maintenance, and capital improvement-related activities.
Chapter 11: Communication Program
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Sewer System Management Plan
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including the PIO, and links to diverse information, important announcements, and agendas for City Council meetings, and other key information for City residents. The City of Anaheim can utilize the website to publish its SSMP to provide the public with the opportunity to view and offer input to the City as the SSMP elements are implemented. Also, the City can utilize the website to notify the public of important upcoming activities related to sewer system management.
City of Anaheim FOG Control Program
The public outreach element included in the FOG Control Program has included a concentrated effort to educate FSE staff regarding proper management of FOG that is generated on -site. During regularly performed site inspections, City staff provide information to FSE staff that results in the reduction of FOG discharged into the City’s wastewater collection system. Additionally, providing information via various forms of media is an effective way to engage the public in recognizing the importance of reducing the quantity of FOG introduced to the sanitary sewer system and the threat of excessive quantities to the potential and actual occurrence of sewer spills.
City of Anaheim Spill Emergency Response Plan
The SERP includes a Public Advisory of Sewage Contamination Procedures which includes a description of the action that City staff must take to limit public access to surface waters and other areas that may have been impacted by a sanitary sewer spill as well as notify the public of potentially hazardous conditions.
Examples of signs that may be posted to provide a warning of potential public health risk are included in Attachment F of the City’s 2023 SERP. Additionally, pre-scripted notices are included in Attachment G of the SERP which may be modified to accurately reflect the conditions at the time of publication and/or airing.
Should additional notification of sewage contamination be deemed necessary, City staff is required to, in cooperation with the City’s PIO, provide further notices through the use of prescribed notices made available to the printed or electronic news media for immediate publication or airing, or by other measures, such as door hangers.
Public Meetings
Public meetings to discuss City -related issues are held regularly in the City Council Chambers located at Anaheim City Hall at 200 South Anaheim Boulevard, Anaheim, California, 92805. The City encourages residents to attend the City Council meetings to become better informed about how the City works and the various topics that are discussed and resolved at these meetings . The Council meetings allow all residents and concerned citizens with a forum to provide the C ouncil with input on particular programs through the Public Hearing process, and through the Citizen Participation portion of each City Council meeting. During Citizen Participation, each person who wishes to address the City Council on an item not on the agenda may do so. Copies of the Council Agenda are made readily available to the public from the Chapter 11: Communication Program
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City’s website or the City Clerk's Office. Certification of the completed SSMP is required by the City Council during a public City Council meeting.
Project-specific meetings may also be convened with community leaders and other citizens to discuss the impacts, schedule and criteria of sewer related projects and efforts. These meetings give citizens a forum to learn about current City’s activities, voice their concerns, and receive clarification on a variety of issues.
Often, the project managers arrange these meetings.
11.2 Public Education and Outreach Media
A variety of means exist to educate and inform the public regarding impacts to the City’s sanitary sewer system facilities. The following list identifies several forms of media available for the City to use to educate and inform the public:
• Bi-annual inserts in water and/or sewer bills;
• Press releases;
• Direct mailers;
• Door hangers;
• Brochures distributed at City locations and kiosks;
• Posters and flyers displayed prominently in public areas, such as on buses, libraries, recreational centers, and so on;
• Announcements and notices placed on the City’s web site; • Announcements and notices placed in the City’s bi-annual Recycle Anaheim Newsletter; and • Specific events to educate the public on the effects of spills to the public and environment such as at the Earth Day Fair, Open House events, and other appropriate venues.
Included in Appendix G are examples of educational campaigns, which includes a flyer informing of proper FOG disposal, a door hanger presented in both English and Spanish that can be left with residents, and kitchen best management practices for businesses. Additionally, an example of text that may be included on a postcard and mailed to residents soon after a FOG related spill has occurred to alert residents about the effort required to clear a blockage and to reinforce proper best management practices when it comes to proper FOG disposal. Translation services may be required and anticipated during any educational campaign.
Educating the public to reduce FOG is an important task that should have a specific amount of time dedicated to its success. Investment in educating the public will reduce the financial expenditure in responding to and mitigating FOG-related spills, as they will be effectively reduced. Staff from the Public Works Operations Division and other affected departments should work closely with the City’s PIO to develop appropriate messages with which media should be disseminated.
Chapter 11: Communication Program
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
11-4 May 2025
Additionally, the City intends to communicate on a regular basis with interested parties on the implementation and performance of this SSMP. The Public Education and Outreach Program will allow interested parties to provide input as the SSMP and its elements are developed and implemented.
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
A May 2025
Appendix A:
City of Anaheim Public Works
Wastewater Organizational Chart
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
i May 2025
Figure A, City of Anaheim Public Works Wastewater Organizational Chart
C
ity of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
ii May 2025
Table A: City of Anaheim Public Works Operations &
Maintenance Contact Information
Position Title Contact Phone
Public Works Director 714-765-5065
City Engineer 714-765-5066
Deputy Public Works Director 714-765-6890
Operations Manager 714-765-6890
Streets & Sanitation Manager 714-765-6860
Operations Superintendent 714-765-6880
For general inquires or to request a service,
please call: 714-765-6860
City of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
B May 2025
A
ppendix B:
City of Anaheim
Operations and Maintenance Program
Appendix B is on file with the Public Works Department and may be obtained by contacting Jonathan Heffernan at 714-765-6903 or [email protected] C
ity of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
C May 2025
A
ppendix C:
City of Anaheim
Fats, Oils, and Grease Control Program
Rules and Regulations
Appendix C is on file with the Public Works Department and may be obtained by contacting Jonathan Heffernan at 714-765-6903 or [email protected] C
ity of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
D May 2025
A
ppendix D:
City of Anaheim
Spill Emergency Response Plan
Appendix D is on file with the Public Works Department and may be obtained by contacting Jonathan Heffernan at 714-765-6903 or [email protected] C
ity of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
E May 2025
A
ppendix E:
City of Anaheim
Sewer Design Manual and Standard Details
Appendix E is on file with the Public Works Department and may be obtained by contacting Jonathan Heffernan at 714-765-6903 or [email protected] C
ity of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
F May 2025
A
ppendix F:
Contract Documents and Standard
Specification Supplement
Appendix F is on file with the Public Works Department and may be obtained by contacting Jonathan Heffernan at 714-765-6903 or [email protected] C
ity of Anaheim
Sewer System Management Plan
G May 2025
A
ppendix G:
Public Outreach
Appendix G is on file with the Public Works Department and may be obtained by contacting Jonathan Heffernan at 714-765-6903 or [email protected]