Arcata City Council
June 3, 2026

9 Chapter 3 System Description

3.1 General Description
Arcata, incorporated in 1903, is located on the Northern California coast, 275 miles north of San Francisco.

It is in the west-central portion of Humboldt County, six miles north of the City of Eureka, the County seat.

Arcata is situated on the north end of Arcata Bay, which is part of Humboldt Bay, the second largest marine embayment in California. The City is situated on a coastal terrace, the lower portions of Fickle Ridge and the west portions of the Arcata Bottoms, between Arcata Bay and the Mad River.

Arcata has a mix of residential, commercial, industrial, institutional, and agricultural water users. Distinct neighborhoods within the City are dominated by residential dwellings and served by a variety of commercial businesses and educational institutions. Industrial areas dominate in the southern and northeast portions of the City. California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt (Cal Poly Humboldt), located within walking distance of downtown, is a major water user, employer, and regional educational center.

Agricultural areas exist primarily to the west of city limits, with some agricultural parcels being served by city water. A detailed land use map is included in Appendix C.

The City of Arcata General Plan 2045 cites an anticipated population growth, to about 27,000 people, by the year 2045. Further, the General Plan states, “The majority of the City’s growth has been, and is planned to be, within the present City boundary and concentrated within identified Infill Opportunity Areas, including the Gateway Area as well as around the downtown area, within existing neighborhood commercial centers, and near California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt (Cal Poly Humboldt).

Growth is directed to these areas because they have existing urban services and infrastructure.” A majority of new housing units are projected to be multi-family, medium to high density units concentrated in the Gateway District infill opportunity area. There are currently about 5739 students enrolled at Cal Poly Humboldt, with a projected enrollment of 11,500 (full time equivalents) students by 2028. This potential enrollment increase will also impact the size and characteristics of the City. The City of Arcata General Plan is available online at https://www.cityofarcata.org/160/General-Plan.

City policies encourage “infill”; focusing development efforts on existing residential zoned lands within the City and minimizing development pressures on Arcata’s agricultural lands. The City encourages efficient land use by allowing flexibility and land-trust opportunities in planned residential developments.

Arcata is primarily a residential and university community. Residential developments are increasing in density as a result of a rapid rise in land values. The current coastal zone, resource constraints, and greenbelt will continue to limit outward expansion. Land policies and zoning encourage small businesses, tourism and light manufacturing. Arcata’s primary industrial site, Aldergrove Industrial Park, has limited parcels available for development. The City is continuing to plan for the development of two redevelopment areas, on South I Street and off of West End Road, which will primarily consist of commercial connections. In addition, Cal Poly Humboldt anticipates opening a second multi-story apartment-style student housing building at Hinarr Hu Moulik in late 2026
In 2025 construction began on a housing complex in the Greenview-Windsong neighborhood that will consist of 22 new multifamily units. There is currently one development project in-process planning applications. This project is located in the Bayside neighborhood and will consist of 45 new multi-family units of affordable family housing.

10 Through contractual agreement, the City sells water directly to JCWD customers, maintains and repairs the JCWD distribution system, and fulfills regulatory requirements for the JCWD. Water is delivered through direct transfer at the Jacoby Creek Water District boundary, located near the southeast city limit. The District extends approximately four miles southeast providing service to portions of the community of Bayside. The JCWD encompasses approximately 899 acres with a total of 325 single-family water connections and 10 commercial and institutional connections, making this one of the lowest density population areas in the Service Area.

3.2 Service Area Boundary Map
The City provides water to two Public Water Systems; the City of Arcata (PWS#1210001) and the Jacoby Creek Water District (PWS#1210021); collectively referred to as the Service Area. A Service Area boundary map is included in Appendix D.

3.3 Service Area Climate
Local weather is characterized by moderate temperatures, frequent fog, and moderate to heavy precipitation in the form of rain. Ninety-five percent of the mean annual precipitation of 39.43 inches falls between October and May. Mean annual temperature is 52.7°F, with a yearly mean range of 48.2°F to 58.0°F.

Prevailing winds are from the northwest in the summer and the southwest during the winter. Arcata is in the coastal plains heavy fog belt, characterized by the lowest evapotranspiration rate in California. Figure 1 summarizes local evapotranspiration, precipitation, and temperature data for the region.

Figure 1: Evapotranspiration, precipitation and temperature data for Eureka WSO City, California Month Monthly Average
Evapotranspiration (inches/month)
Mean Precipitation
(inches)
Mean Temperature
(Fahrenheit)
January 1.31 6.72 47.9
February 1.73 5.31 48.9
March 2.60 5.45 49.2
April 3.53 3.09 50.4
May 4.38 1.67 53.2
June 4.57 0.68 55.7
July 4.52 0.15 57.1
August 4.29 0.32 58.0
September 3.26 0.73 57.1
October 2.45 2.67 54.6
November 1.43 5.61 51.3
December 1.07 7.03 48.2
Climate data provided by Western Regional Climate Center and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under the U.S. Department of Commerce. Rainfall and temperature data are for the period from December 1886 to June 2016.

Evapotranspiration data provided by and California Irrigation Management Information System (CIMIS) operated by the Office of Water Use Efficiency under the Department of Water Resources.

11 3.4 Service Area Population and Demographics
The City of Arcata population for 2025 was determined by multiplying the actual number of residential connections in 2025 by 3.588 persons per connection (persons per connection calculated based on 2020 Census data). A detailed discussion of how Service Area population was calculated is included in Appendix E. Population projections for the City of Arcata for the 2025 UWMP planning period were developed by calculating the actual average annual change in single family residential connections between 2015 and 2025 (based on service and report records) as well as a projected growth rate of 1% for multifamily housing and projecting out to the year 2050. Population was determined by multiplying the projected number of residential connections by 3.588 persons per connection (Appendix F).

Population projections for the JCWD for the 2025 UWMP planning period were developed by calculating the actual average annual change in residential connections between 2015 and 2025 (based on service and report records) and projecting out to the year 2050. Population was determined by multiplying the projected number of residential connections by 3.719 persons per connection (Appendix F). The projected populations for COA and JCWD were then added together to calculate total Service Area Population.

The Service Area population in 2025 is estimated at 21,185. By the year 2050 the Service Area population is anticipated to increase to 28,498 (Table 3-1).

Table 3-1 Retail: Population - Current and Projected

2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050(opt)
21,185 22,470 23,842 25,299 26,849 28,498
Submittal Table 3-1 Retail: Population - Current and Projected Water Code Section 10631(a)
Population
Served
NOTES: Population data includes City of Arcata and Jacoby Creek Water District

12 Chapter 4 System Water Use

4.1 Recycled versus Potable and Raw Water Demand
The City provides potable water to the customers in the Service Area. Raw water and recycled water are not sold to customers.

Recycled water, in the form of non-potable re-use, is produced and used at the Arcata Wastewater Treatment Facility (AWTF). As part of treatment plant design, a portion of secondary treated wastewater is discharged for additional treatment to the Arcata Marsh and Wildlife Sanctuary. By definition this step of the wastewater treatment process is classified as recycled water in the form of non-potable re-use. Despite meeting the definition of recycled water, recycled water is not included in actual or projected system water use presented in this chapter (Tables 4-1 and 4-2) because the level of treatment when discharged for reuse at the Arcata Marsh and Wildlife Sanctuary is neither recycled water (potable re-use) nor raw water, and because wastewater treatment permit restrictions would not allow for discharge to the Arcata Marsh and Wildlife Sanctuary to be augmented by raw or potable water. Recycled water is addressed comprehensively in Chapter 6.

4.2 Past, Current and Projected Water Use by Sector
Actual water demands (Table 4-1) are based on City Finance Department water account billing records.

Billing records allow water accounts to be categorized into one of six water use sectors: (1) single-family residential, (2) multi-family residential, (3) commercial, (4) industrial, (5) institutional/governmental, (5) sold to another Public Water System and (6) system losses. Single family residences are defined as all residential connections with a one-inch meter or less and two situs points or less. Multi-family residential is defined as multiple dwelling units contained in one building or several buildings within a complex.

Commercial is defined as a water use that provides or distributes a product or service. Industrial is defined as a water use that is used primarily for manufacturing or processing of materials.

Institutional/Governmental accounts are attributable to schools/educational facilities. Water sold to another Public Water System is the water sold to the Jacoby Creek Water District (PWS#1210021). System losses were analyzed for the 2025 calendar year using American Water Works Association water audit software (see Section 4.3 Distribution System Water Losses). Losses reported in Table 4-1account for real losses, defined as physical water losses from the water system and apparent losses (i.e. meter inaccuracy and data handling errors)

13 Table 4-1 Retail: Demand for Potable and Raw Water – Actual The 2025 actual water demand (Table 4-1) and the average number of accounts for each sector in 2025 was used as the basis for demand projections through 2050. Several years of water account billing data (2015- 2025) were used to analyze growth trends in each water sector. Additionally, population and economic forecasts from Humboldt County, the California Department of Transportation, and the Employment Development Department (EDD) were referenced for insight into anticipated future water use sector growth trends. Projected water demands discussed below are summarized in Tables 4-2. Detailed demand projection calculations are presented in Appendix G.

4.2.1.1 Single family and multi‐family residential
The average annual growth rate for single-family residential accounts for the City of Arcata (PWS#121001) was 1.3% between 2015 and 2025. The average annual growth rate for multi-family residential accounts for PWS#121001 between 2020 and 2025 was 0.0%. The City of Arcata General Plan 2045 anticipates an average annual growth rate of multi-family units to be 1-1.4%, therefore, an average annual growth rate of

1.0% was applied to already existing multi-family units. This yields 1,939 new single-family units and 73 new multi-family units for a total of 2,012 new residential units by 2050.

In 2050 the total number of single-family units in the City is projected to be 7,236 and the total number of multi-family units is projected to be 332 for a total of 7,568 connections. 7,568 connections multiplied by

3.588 person per connections yields a population of 27,155 in 20250.

The average annual growth rate for single-family residential accounts for the Jacoby Creek Water District (PWS#1210021) was 0.3% between 2015 and 2025. This growth rate was applied to the number of service connections in the JCWD. This yields 26 new units by 2050, for a total of 361 connections in 2050. 361 connections multiplied by 3.719 persons per connections yields a population of 1,343 Use Type
Potable or NonPotable Volume (MG)
Single Family Potable 201
Multi-Family Potable 80
Commercial Potable 85
Industrial Potable 26
Institutional/Governmental schools only Potable 39
Sales/Transfers/Exchanges to other Jacoby Creek Water District Potable 19 Distribution System Water Loss City of Arcata Potable 122 Distribution System Water Loss Jacoby Creek Water District Potable2 573.974
0 Total 574
Submittal Table 4-1 Retail: Total Uses for Potable and Non-Potable Water — Actual Water Code Section 10631(d)(1)
2025 Actual Water Use
Subtotal Potable
Subtotal Non-Potable
Additional Description
(as needed)

14 Application of an average annual water use per account, based on sector use per connection in 2025, results in a projected residential demand of 377.3 million gallons for the City of Arcata and 20.4 million gallons for the JCWD, for a service area total of 397.7 million gallons by 2050.

4.2.1.2 Commercial
The same calculations were made for commercial, industrial, and institutional/governmental water sectors with water sector specific growth rates. The projected growth rate for the commercial water sector is 2.3 percent. This is based on the 2022-2032 North Coast Region Industry Employment Projections. The projected growth rate is higher than actual annual commercial growth rate of 1.6 percent in the City of Arcata from 2015-2025. The higher growth rate of 2.3 percent was used in order to make a conservative prediction of future growth in this sector (i.e. predicting higher volume use over time). Based on a 2.3 percent average annual growth rate, commercial sector water demand is anticipated to be approximately 152 million gallons per year by 2050.

4.2.1.3 Industrial
Economic forecasts for the north coast region (2022-2032 Industry Employment Projections) predict a manufacturing and goods producing growth rate of 4.5 percent. The trend in the City has been a low but steady and is expected to remain steady due to the availability of industrial parcels. The regional Industrial Employment Projections may include a proposed fish farm and wind energy production facility both of which would be located outside of the City of Arcata (i.e. the city would not supply water to the facilities).

Therefore, the regional estimate projects a larger growth rate in the industrial sector than is expected in the Service Area. The 1.8 percent Actual Annual Growth Rate for 2015-2025 is likely an accurate prediction of industrial account growth since the growth rate has been similar for 2015-2020 and 2020-2025. Based on a 1.8 percent average annual growth rate, industrial sector water demand is anticipated to be 41 million gallons by 2050.

4.2.1.4 Institutional
Economic forecasts for the north coast region (2022-2032 Industry Employment Projections) predict an institutional growth rate of 16.5 percent for educational service, health care and social assistance. This number disagrees with the actual annual growth rate the City is currently experiencing (for 2020-2025) likely because most of the growth in this sector has and will occur around the primary health-care center of the region in the nearby city of Eureka. Institutional water use in the city has been high in the past due in part to the expansion of CalPoly Humboldt and will likely increase due to projected enrollment increases at Cal Poly Humboldt. The 1.8 percent Growth Rate from 2020-2025 is similar to the growth rates of 1.4 percent for 2015-2020 and 1.6 percent for 2015-2025 and is likely a good prediction of the future growth of this sector in Arcata. Based on a 1.8 percent average annual growth rate, institutional sector water demand is anticipated to be 60.6 million gallons in 2050.

4.2.1.5 Landscape
The City of Arcata Finance Department does not have a billing category for landscape use. However, there are “irrigation only” accounts that are billed under the Commercial Sector. In 2025, water use volume for “irrigation only” accounts totaled 13.2 MG. Most of the accounts are City-owned accounts for irrigation of parks and sports fields. The volume used by these accounts is variable based on the weather patterns for the year. Because these accounts are billed under the Commercial Sector and are variable from year to year, projected use in 2050 has been incorporated into the projected use in the Commercial Sector for 2050. There

15 4.2.1.6 Sales to Other Agencies
The City of Arcata sells and transfers water to the Jacoby Creek Water District (PWS#1210021). The City manages the water distribution system for the JCWD.

The average annual growth rate for the Jacoby Creek Water District (PWS#1210021) between 2020 and 2025 was 0.3%. Population estimates for the Jacoby Creek Water District in the 2010 Jacoby Creek County Water District Municipal Services Review and Sphere of Influence Update indicate a projected population growth rate of 0.5% and 2.5% between 2010 and 2030. The projected population growth rate of 0.5% is similar to the 0.3% average annual growth rate of service connections between 2020 and 2025 so the average annual growth rate was used to determine projected demand to 2050.

Almost all the connections in the Jacoby Creek Water District are single-family residential. Applying a growth rate of 0.3% to the number of connections in 2025 yields 361 connections in 2050. Application of an average annual water use per account, based on sector use per connection in 2025, results in a projected demand of 20 million gallons for the JCWD by 2050.

4.2.1.7 Conjunctive Use, Groundwater Recharge, Saline Intrusion Barriers The City of Arcata Finance Department does not categorize water for conjunctive use, groundwater recharge or saline intrusion barriers. These methods of managing water are not utilized for the service area.

4.2.1.8 Agricultural
The City of Arcata Finance Department does not categorize water for agricultural use. There are no connections that are utilized solely for agricultural use.

4.2.1.9 Distribution System Losses
In 2025, in the City of Arcata, real water loss was calculated at 48.4 gallons per service connection per day (GPSCPD), while apparent loss was calculated at 4.2 GPSCPD (Table 4-6). During the water audit process, the City identified several potential sources of real and apparent water loss savings, including meter inaccuracies and stopped/dead meters, potential unmetered accounts, and metered unbilled accounts. The City is dedicated to taking steps to classify real and apparent water losses and to making improvements to accounting, billing, metering, and distribution practices to reduce apparent loss. Current efforts include a City-wide steel waterline replacement project that began work in 2025, a Community Development Block Grant funding application to support a large scale replacement of inaccurate water meters, and ongoing replacement of inaccurate and stopped water meters to better track water usage per connection. However, at this time, the City is unable to determine the actual water savings these actions will realize. Therefore, the City has opted to present the future water loss as meeting the 2028 water loss standards set by DWR.

The 2028 water loss standards assigned to the City for real losses is 18.2 GPSCPD and apparent losses is

12.0 GPSCPD. This rate of loss was applied to the projected number of service connections for the reporting period. Projected annual water loss in 2050 is approximately 98.6 million gallons A water loss standard was not assigned to the Jacoby Creek Water District. In 2025, in the JCWD, water was lost at a rate of approximately 0.006 MG per account per year. This rate of loss was applied to the projected number of accounts for the reporting periods. Projected annual water loss in the JCWD in 2050 is approximately 2.2 million gallons.

16 Table 4-2 Retail: Demands for Potable and Raw Water - Projected

Change in potable water demand is anticipated to increase 34 percent between 2025 and 2050; an increase from 562 million gallons per year in 2025 up to 752 million gallons per year in 2050. A discussion of recycled water is presented in Section 6.5 Wastewater and Recycled Water.

4.2.2.1 Estimating Future Water Savings
Future water savings were not included in demand projections (Table 4-2) for the 2025 UWMP (Table 4- 3).

Actual water use in the Service Area is well below statewide and regional baseline water use targets.

Residential water use in 2020 was estimated at 84 gallons per person per day. In response to Emergency Water Conservation Resolution 2015-0032, adopted by the SWRCB in May 2015, the City was required to reduce potable water production by four percent. Despite Arcata’s reputation for being a “green” community this goal proved difficult to meet because per capita water use was already very low. It is generally thought that Arcatans were already limiting water use to that needed for basic needs and it was difficult to achieve further reductions through change in water use habits. As such, it is not expected that any code, ordinance, or regulation will have a significant effect on water use habits in the City. Although future water savings are not quantified in this report it should be noted that some degree of future water savings will be achieved through the natural replacement of appliances, conservation efforts undertaken by the City, water meter and water line replacement projects, and new landscape and building standards which, by design, require new construction to be more water efficient than previous construction. The effects of these water savings are observed in the continual reduction in annual demand from 2015 to 2025. The total water into the system in 2015 was 644 million gallons, 607 million gallons in 2020 and 585 million gallons in 2025.

Use Type
Drop down list
May select each use multiple times
These are the only Use Types that will be
recognized by the WUEdata online submittal tool
Potable or Non-Potable
(OPTIONAL)
Drop down list
2030 (MG) 2035 (MG) 2040 (MG) 2045 (MG) 2050 opt (MG)
Single Family Potable 214 227 242 258 274
Multi-Family Potable 84 89 93 98 103
Commercial Potable 96 108 121 135 152
Industrial Potable 29 32 34 38 41
Institutional/Governmental schools only Potable 43 46 51 55 61 Sales/Transfers/Exchanges to other Suppliers Jacoby Creek Water District Potable 19 20 20 20 20 Distribution System Water Loss City of Arcata: real loss Potable 45 48 52 55 59 Distribution System Water Loss City of Arcata: apparent loss Potable 30 32 34 37 39 Distribution System Water Loss Jacoby Creek Water District:
all loss Potable 2 2 2 2 2
562 604 649 698 752
0000 0
562 604 649 698 752
Submittal Table 4-2 Retail: Total Uses for Potable, and Non-PotableWater — Projected Water Code Section 10631(d)(1)
Projected Water Use
(Report To the Extent that Records are Available)
Additional Description
(as needed)
Subtotal Potable
Add additional rows as needed.

Subtotal Non-Potable
Total

17 Table 4-3 Retail: Inclusion in Water Use Projections

4.2.2.2 Water Use for Lower Income Households
To keep pace with the Regional Housing Needs Allocation, the City’s 2019 Housing Element https://www.cityofarcata.org/862/Housing-Element cites the need for properly zoned areas to allow for the development of 610 housing units during the Housing Element planning period (2019-2027), with 39 percent (237-units) of those units allocated to very low-income and low-income households. The quantified objectives summary presented in the 2019 Housing Element estimates that over its 8-year planning period, the City projects the construction of 348 new low-income to moderate-income housing units, rehabilitation of 36 low-income housing units, and preservation of 135 low-income housing units. Estimated projected water use for lower-income housing units is not anticipated to be significantly different than average residential water use in the Service Area. Expected water use for low-income households was included in projected water demands in that a portion of the projected single-family and multi-family growth includes lower-income housing development (Table 4-3).

Optional Table 4-4 Retail: Passive Water Savings Projections not included.

4.3.1 Distribution System Water Losses
Under CWC 10631, distribution system water losses for the preceding 5 years are required to be quantified and reported. Distribution system water losses are defined as the physical water losses from the water distribution system, including storage facilities, up to the point of customer consumption. American Water Works Association (AWWA) Free Water Audit Software version 6.0 was used to calculate real water loss for the 2025 calendar year, to identify potential areas where water may be recovered, and to project future water loss.

In 2025, the City purchased 585 million gallons of potable water. Authorized use accounted for nearly 464 million gallons. The volume of water loss was approximately 122 MG in 2025 (Table 4-1). In 2025, 19 million gallons of potable water was purchased by the JCWD. The volume of water loss was approximately 2 million gallons (Table 4-1). These volumes include real (i.e. leaks and other physical water losses) and apparent losses (i.e. meter inaccuracy and data handling errors).

Are Future Water Savings Included in Projections?
Drop down list (y/n)
No
Are Lower Income Residential Demands Included In Projections? Drop down list (y/n)
Yes
Submittal Table 4-3 Retail: Inclusion in Water Use Projections Water Code Section 10631 (a), 10631 (d)(4)(A), and 10631 (d)(4)(B)

18 Table 4-5 Retail: 12 Month Water Loss Audit Reporting The resulting 2020-2024 water loss audits are available online at https://wuedata.water.ca.gov/awwa_plans. 2020-2024 reporting work sheets and water balance worksheets as well as draft 2025 worksheets from the AWWA free water audit software are included in Appendix H.

4.3.2 Progress Toward Meeting the Water Loss Performance Standard Water Code Section 10631(d)(3)(C) requires Retail Suppliers to provide data demonstrating whether the Retail Supplier met its State Water Board Water Loss Performance Standard in 23 CCR Section 980 for each applicable PWS. The Water Loss Performance Standard does not have to be met by 2028. However, Water Code Section 10631(d)(3)(C) still requires that Retail Suppliers include data in their 2025 UWMP to show whether they have met it.

A water loss standard was calculated for the City of Arcata by the State Water Board. The real loss standard was set at 18.2 gallons per service connection per day (GPSCD) and the apparent loss standard was set at 12.0 GPSCD. Real water loss for 2025 was 48.4 GPSCD and apparent water loss was 4.2 GPSCD (Table 4-6).

The City recognizes that current real water loss exceeds the State Water Board’s 2028 performance standard and is actively implementing measures to reduce system losses. Current efforts include replacement of aging steel water mains, replacement of inaccurate customer meters, ongoing leak detection and repair activities, and continued refinement of annual AWWA water audit practices. These improvements are expected to reduce real water losses and improve long-term system reliability and water accountability.

A Water Loss Performance Standard was not calculated for the Jacoby Creek Water District.

Public Water System ID #
Reported in Table 2-1 R Reporting Period Submitted to DWR Water Loss Audit Program 2020 Yes
2021 Yes
2022 Yes
2023 Yes
2024 Yes
2020 Yes
2021 Yes
2022 Yes
2023 Yes
2024 Yes
1210021
Submittal Table 4-5 Retail: Water Loss Audit Reporting
1210001

19 Table 4-6. Retail: Progress Towards 2028 Water Loss Standard

4.4 Climate Change
As discussed in Section 4.4, water use demand in Arcata is generally much lower than seen statewide, and dramatically lower than in other areas of the state. with warmer climates. More often than not, outdoor irrigation in the Service Area is limited to the “dry season”, typically June through September (Figure 2).

California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment for the North Coast Region (August 2018) found that model predictions of annual precipitation for the region fall within the historical variation, but trend towards slightly higher (2-16%) precipitation across the region by the end of the century. The report also concludes that “relatively low water demands of municipal users relative to supplies (DWR 2015), and absence of critically over-drafted groundwater basins (DWR 2016a), suggests that communities are not highly vulnerable to drought.” The 2025 UWMP does not attempt to quantify the effects of climate change on water demand due to stable, if not slightly increased precipitation predictions, low drought risk, and relatively low water demand in the Service Area.

The effects of climate change on water supply reliability are discussed in more detail in Sections 7.2-7.5. 2028 Real Water Loss
Standard per Unit per
day
Units for Real
Water Loss
Number of Units
(Connections or
Miles corresponding
with units selected)
Volume of Total Real
Loss
(from AWWA Water
Loss Audit)
(MG)
2028 Apparent
Water Loss
Standard per Unit
per Day
Units for
Apparent Water
Loss
Number of
Connections
Volume of Total
Apparent Loss
(from AWWA Water
Loss Audit)
(MG)
1210001 Yes 18.2
Gallons per
Service
Connection per
Day (GPSCD)
6347 112.2 48.4 12
Gallons per
Service
Connection per
Day (GPSCD)
6347 9.684 4.2
1210021 No
Gallons per
Service
Connection per
Day (GPSCD)
Gallons per
Service
Connection per
Day (GPSCD)
Submittal Table 4-6 Retail: Progress Towards 2028 Water Loss Standard Water Code Section 10631(d)(3)(C)
NOTES: Information provided from 2025 AWWA Water Loss Audit Apparent Water Loss
Did the Water Board Calculate
a Water Loss Standard for this
Public Water System? (y/n)
If no, Supplier will not
complete this row.

Real Water Loss
Public Water
System ID #
Reported in
Submittal Table 2-
1 R
Most Recent AWWA Water Loss Audit
Real Water
Loss Per Unit
per Day
Most Recent AWWA Water Loss Audit
Apparent Water
Loss Per Unit per
Day
State Water Board Standard State Water Board Standard

20 Chapter 5 SB X7-7 Baselines and Targets

5.1 Overview & Terminology
The Water Conservation Act of 2009, otherwise known as SB X7-7, set a statewide goal of reducing urban water use by 20 percent by the year 2020. In 2010, each urban water supplier was required to calculate its baseline water use, in gallons per capita day (GPCD), establish an interim target for 2015, and define a 2020 target. In the 2020 UWMP urban water suppliers were required to demonstrate compliance with the 2020 target. Compliance was demonstrated to the state through completion and submittal of the SB X7-7 Verification Form. This form was submitted as part of the 2020 UWMP and is included in Appendix I in the 2025 UWMP for reference.

5.2 Updating Calculations from the 2010 UWMP
In part, the City used population projections published by the Department of Finance (DOF) as the basis for determining baseline year population in the 2010 UWMP. Since that time, DWR determined that significant discrepancies (approximately 3 percent, but was as high as nine percent for some cities) existed between DOF projected population in 2010 and the 2010 census population.

Urban water suppliers that based 2010 UWMP population data on DOF projections were required to update their baseline population estimates in the 2015 UWMP with data from the 2010 U.S. Census. In the 2015 UWMP the City recalculated its baseline year populations and baseline water use, which subsequently affected the 2015 interim target and the 2020 target.

5.3 Baseline Periods
An urban water supplier is required to calculate and report baseline water use for two periods; a 10 or 15- year period to establish baseline water use and a 5-year period for target confirmation. In 2015, an urban water supplier had the option to change the years previously selected for each baseline period because of changes to its population which may have affected baseline and target GPCD values. The City elected to maintain a 10-year baseline period of 2001-2010 and a 5-year baseline period of 2006-2010 for target confirmation.

5.4 Service Area Population
Service Area population for each baseline year and 2020 were calculated. Compared to the 2010 UWMP, there was a slight decrease in the calculated population for each of the baseline years, with the largest relative percent difference calculated in 2010 at negative 2.3 percent.

5.5 Gross Water Use
Gross water use is defined as the total volume of water entering the distribution system of an urban water supplier over a calendar year excluding recycled water, the net volume placed into long-term storage, the volume conveyed to another urban water supplier, and the volume delivered for agricultural use. There is no potable recycled water used in the Service Area, no long-term storage, no water conveyed to another urban water supplier outside of the Service Area, and no water tracked as delivered for agricultural use.

Therefore, all water entering the City’s distribution system is included in gross water use calculations.

Gross water use was determined from meter data from each water supply entering the distribution system.

21 5.6 Baseline Daily per Capita Water Use
Baseline daily per capita water use, reported as GPCD or gallons per capita day, is the quotient of gross water use divided by the Service Area population and number of days in a calendar year. GPCD for each baseline year is calculated, the average of which serves as the baseline GPCD. In the 2010 UWMP baseline daily per capita water use for the Service Area was reported as 119 GPCD. This figure was revised in the 2015 UWMP to 122 GPCD.

5.7 2015 and 2020 Targets
The City elected to maintain use of Methodology 3 (95 percent of Hydrologic Regional Target) from the “20 x 2020 Plan” (CWC 10608.20 (b)(3)) to calculate water use targets for the Service Area. One hundred percent of the Service Area lies within the North Coast Hydrologic Region. The 20 x 2020 Plan established a regional target of 137 GPCD for the North Coast Hydrologic Region. Methodology 3 defines the 2020 target for an urban retail supplier as 95 percent of the 2020 regional target or 130 GPCD (95 percent of 137 GPCD).

The 5-year baseline is used to define the maximum 2020 target (2020 target confirmation) for an urban water supplier. The 5-year baseline for the Service Area is 118 GPCD. The maximum 2020 target for an urban water supplier may not exceed 95 percent of the 5-year baseline GPCD. Therefore, the maximum 2020 target for the Service Area is 113 GPCD (95 percent of 118 GPCD).

The confirmed 2020 target is based on the target method. The City elected to continue using Methodology

3. When the 5-year baseline is less than the 2020 regional target, the water supplier’s 2020 target is established at 95 percent of the 5-year baseline. Therefore, the 2020 target for the Service Area was confirmed at 113 GPCD which is summarized in Table 5-1 below.

Table 5-1: Baselines and Targets Summary

5.8 2020 Compliance Daily per Capita Water Use
Compliance with meeting the 2020 Target was assessed based on actual 2020 daily per capita water use.

Adjustments to 2020 gross water use is allowed to account for differences in evapotranspiration and rainfall, and substantial changes to commercial, industrial, and institutional water uses. No adjustments were made to the 2020 gross water use for the Service Area. Actual daily per capita water use for the Service Area in 2020 was 84 GPCD, well below the 2020 target. Although not required to calculated daily per capita water use for 2025, the City has elected to present the data here to show a continual decline in per capita water use in the Service Area. 2025 daily per capita water use for the Service Area was 77 GPCD in 2025 (Appendix I).

Actual 2025 GPCD
(From SB X7-7
Compliance Form)
Did Supplier meet
the 2020 Target in
2025?
No Individual
Target
113 84 Yes NA
Submittal Table 5-1 Retail: SB X7-7 2020 Target Progress Water Code Section 10608.40
Did Supplier
Achieve Targeted
Reduction for
2020?
Actual 2020
GPCD 2020 Target
Regional
Alliance Target
or Individual
Target?
Drop down list
Only for suppliers that did not meet
the Target in 2020
See DWR NOTES below.

Was Supplier part of
a merger or
consolidation since
2020?

22 Chapter 6 Normal-Year Supply Characterization
Portions of Chapter 6 addressing surface water, existing and planned sources of water, and climate change impacts to water supply were provided by HBMWD, the regional wholesaler.

6.1 Purchased or Imported
The Service Area has one primary water source, one emergency groundwater source, and distribution system interconnections designed to provide additional means of taking water into the distribution system.

The primary water source is water purchased from HBMWD and delivered to the Alliance Transfer Station.

The City-owned Heindon Well is available as an emergency water source. Water is delivered through 96 miles of water distribution mains and storage tanks located through an area encompassing approximately ten square miles.

HBMWD provides water to municipal customers throughout the northern Humboldt Bay area. To reduce the likelihood of water outage to any one municipal customer due to emergency conditions (i.e. natural disaster, mainline break, etc.) several interconnections were constructed between HBMWD and its municipal customers. In 2014, two interconnections were constructed; one between the City of Eureka and Arcata’s distribution system, and a second between McKinleyville Community Services District (MCSD) and Arcata. In 2015, an additional interconnection was completed between HBMWD and Arcata at the Aldergrove Intertie.

The Wymore Intertie connecting MCSD and Arcata’s distribution system includes a long stretch of main line with no customer use. A 5/8-inch, metered bypass was installed at the main meter to allow a small volume to continuously flow through the interconnection to prevent stagnation and maintain chlorine residual in this portion of main line. The Aldergrove intertie is used periodically to prevent stagnation and maintain chlorine residual at the intertie station. The volume of water introduced through the Wymore intertie and Aldergrove intertie in 2025 was 1.1 percent and less than one-half percent of gross water use for the year, respectively.

6.2 Groundwater
The City of Arcata invested in a groundwater source in the late 1990’s to diversify its water supply and better prepare the Service Area during emergencies. The investment in a groundwater supply was not in response to supply limits or increased demand. At this time there are no plans to develop additional groundwater resources because existing water resources are adequate to meet the needs of the Service Area.

Heindon Well draws groundwater from Groundwater Basin 1-008.01 Mad River Groundwater Basin, Mad River Lowland Sub-basin (Table 6-1). The basin is located in the coastal floodplain which stretches from the Freshwater Fault north to the Mad River and to the elevated terrace to the East. The Mad River Floodplain is composed of alluvium underlain by the Hookton Formation. Groundwater in the basin is characterized as magnesium-calcium bicarbonate and calcium-magnesium bicarbonate type waters with high iron concentrations and high localized concentrations of manganese, fluoride, and phosphorus (California’s Groundwater Bulletin 118, DWR). Samples collected in 2014 at Heindon Well showed that the groundwater quality produced is within the limits set by primary and secondary drinking water standards.

23 Table 6-1 Retail: Groundwater Volume Pumped
Site investigations undertaken by the City in 1999 and 2004 identified two distinct aquifers and concluded that pumping operations in the lower aquifer, where the supply well is screened, do not affect the upper aquifer. The results of the 2004 study indicate that water supplies in the lower and upper aquifers are stable and yield in the lower aquifer is sufficient to continuously supply 0.5 million gallons per day (MGD) without depleting the aquifer. The 2004 study also concluded that development of an additional well, at a pumping rate of 0.5 MGD, would be successful from the lower aquifer, pending further modeling. The City has not adopted a groundwater management plan for this basin. There are no known basin adjudications for this basin nor has it been identified as a basin in need of protection from overdraft. The basin has not been identified as a medium or high-priority basin by DWR ((California’s Groundwater Bulletin 118).

Pumping from Heindon Groundwater Well began in 1999 to augment the general water supply and better prepare the Service Area during emergencies; although use of the groundwater well was sporadic from 1999-2002. In July of 2002 the City began pumping continuously from the groundwater well at a rate of approximately 0.5 MGD. From 2005 to 2015 the average pumping rate decreased to approximately 0.35 MGD. The decrease in pumping volume was not due to limitations in the volume available for pumping, rather, it is thought that the decline in pumping volume was due to decreased pump yield. There was no water produced at Heindon Groundwater Well between January 2007 and May 2008 due to equipment failure. Heindon Groundwater Well was turned off in January 2015 in response to the SWRCB Emergency Water Conservation Resolution 2015-0032 requiring urban water suppliers to reduce water production by a defined amount as compared to the baseline year and remained offline for the duration of the 2025 reporting period. In order to qualify for the four percent reduction tier, the City committed to eliminating groundwater pumping for the duration of the conservation period. After a groundwater well rehabilitation project currently in progress, the City anticipates that it may utilize 100 percent of the safe yield for Heindon Groundwater Well, however, Heindon Groundwater Well will be used an emergency water source only.

6.3 Surface Water
Water entering the Service Area distribution system at the Alliance Road Transfer Station, Aldergrove Intertie Station, and the Wymore Road Intertie is produced by HBMWD. The source of water distributed by HBMWD is the Mad River. The R.W. Mathews Dam, located in Trinity County, impounds water to form Ruth Lake Reservoir (Figure 2 and Figure 3). The Mad River flows from Trinity County into Humboldt County where water is diverted at HBMWD’s Essex pumping facility located approximately 75 miles downstream from the dam. HBMWD does not purchase or import water from any other source.

At HBMWD’s Essex Operations Center located just northeast of Arcata, municipal water is pumped from the aquifer beneath the Mad River by four Ranney wells (Figure 4).

Groundwater Type Potable or
Non-Potable Location or Basin Name 2021 (MG) 2022 (MG) 2023 (MG) 2024 (MG) 2025 (MG) Alluvial Basin Potable 1-8.01 Mad River
Groundwater Basin 00000
00000
Submittal Table 6-1 Retail: Groundwater Volume Pumped
Water Code Section 10631(4) and 10631(4)(c)
Total

24 Figure 2: Map of R.W. Mathews Dam and Ruth Lake Reservoir

25 Figure 3: R.W. Matthews Dam and Ruth Reservoir
Figure 4: Ranney well along Mad River
These Ranney wells are situated within the riverbed at depths ranging from approximately 60 to 90 feet.

The water that is pumped by the Ranney wells is continually recharged by surface water from the Mad River, a portion of which is released from Ruth Reservoir pursuant to HBMWD’s water rights permits.

HBMWD has appropriative water rights permits from the SWRCB through the year 2029 for surface water storage and diversion. These are Permit No. 11714 and Permit No. 11715, respectively.

HBMWD’s industrial water system is separate and distinct from its domestic water system. From the early 1960s to the 1990s, HBMWD provided untreated surface water to two industrial customers (pulp mills).

This industrial water system is capable of supplying 60 MGD of untreated water. However, one of the larger pulp mills closed down in the 1990s and the last pulp mill unexpectedly ceased operation in 2009. With no existing industrial customer, the HBMWD has an opportunity to support future water supply needs.

26 6.4 Stormwater
Stormwater is not used as a source of system water supply for the Service Area.

6.5 Wastewater and Recycled Water
The City of Arcata owns and operates the wastewater collection, treatment, and disposal facilities that collect and treat wastewater from approximately 60 percent of the Service Area. Wastewater is conveyed from the area within city limits, a portion of the JCWD, and from the Fieldbrook-Glendale Community Services District to the Arcata Wastewater Treatment Facility. In 2025 the City collected over 731 MG of wastewater from the UWMP Service Area (Table 6-2). Fieldbrook-Glendale Community Services District contributed another 21 MG, for a total of 752 MG of wastewater collected in 2025.

Table 6-2 Retail: Wastewater Collected Within the Service Area in 2025 The Arcata Wastewater Treatment Facility has primary treatment facilities (i.e., headworks, grit removal, primary clarifier, and digester); a series of oxidation ponds and treatment marshes to provide equivalent to secondary treatment; followed by polishing marshes (secondary treatment) at the Arcata Marsh and Wildlife Sanctuary (AMWS).

AMWS is internationally renowned as an innovative wastewater treatment technology, consisting of three treatment wetlands in series. Arcata Wastewater Treatment Facility discharges equivalent to secondary treated wastewater to AMWS at discharge location Outfall-002. Although classified as receiving water, AMWS is a constructed wetland, designed to provide additional wastewater treatment and beneficial uses.

During high flow conditions, adaptive management is used to reroute a portion of the volume away from the enhancement marshes to final discharge to the Brackish Marsh.

CWC Section 13050(n) defines recycled water as “water which, as a result of treatment of waste, is suitable for a direct beneficial use or a controlled use that would not otherwise occur and is therefore considered a 60%
Name of Wastewater
Collection Agency
Wastewater
Volume
Metered or
Estimated?

OPTIONAL
Drop Down List
Volume of
Wastewater Collected
from UWMP Service
Area 2025 (MG)
Name of Wastewater
Treatment Plant (WWTP) and
Place ID Number
Drop down list
Is WWTP
Located Within
UWMP Area?
Drop Down List
City of Arcata Metered 731 City of Arcata WWTF, Place
ID 206164
Yes
731
Total Wastewater Received from UWMP
Service Area in 2025:

NOTES: Collection system covers approximately 60% of the service area, by acreage. Volume of wastewater from UWMP service area in 2025 is the metered wastewater treatment facility influent and includes volumes attributable to inflow and infiltration.

Submittal Table 6-2 Retail: Wastewater Collected Within Service Area Water Code Section 10633(a)
Percentage of 2025 service area served by wastewater collection system (OPTIONAL) Wastewater Collection Recipient of Collected Wastewater Add additional rows as needed

27 valuable resource”. Treated municipal wastewater must meet two requirements to be classified as recycled water for reporting in the UWMP; (1) it must be reused beneficially in a manner consisted with recycled water criteria in Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations and, (2) it must be reused in accordance with a National Pollution Discharge Elimination System permit, Waste Discharge Requirements, or water recycling requirements issued by a Regional Water Quality Control Board. Beneficial use includes Natural Systems/Restoration and is defined in part as “any water provided to a designated wildlife area, whether included as part of a wastewater facilities treatment process or an independent area.” Based on these criteria, discharges to AMWS are categorized as recycled water (Table 6-3 and Table 6-4). Although discussed here to demonstrate that recycled water is utilized in the Service Area, recycled water is not used for direct or indirect potable reuse, and recycled water use was excluded for purposes of demand projections and setting and meeting per capita water use targets (Table 6-5). Although it serves as a wildlife sanctuary and provides for several beneficial uses, AMWS is primarily a wastewater treatment unit and in no foreseeable future would potable water, or direct potable reuse water be used to support the beneficial uses of the treatment unit.

In 2025, 765 MG of secondary, disinfected wastewater was discharged to Humboldt Bay at Outfall-003 and another 13 MG of secondary, disinfected wastewater was discharged to Humboldt Bay at Outfall-001 for a total of 778 MG, 26 MG more than was conveyed to the treatment plant through the collection system (Table 6-3). The difference in volume between treatment facility influent and treatment facility effluent can be attributed to rainfall (volume gained) on approximately 100 acres of natural treatment units. In 2025, 557 MG of secondary treated wastewater was discharged to AMWS for treatment and beneficial reuse (Table 6-3).

Current and projected recycled water use at the AMWS is not reported in Table 6-4. Discharge to the AMWS is regulated under NPDES permit and is restricted to discharges of equivalent to secondary treated wastewater. Under no foreseeable circumstances will raw or treated potable water be used as a source of supplemental water for the AMWS. Therefore, the volume of recycled water used at the AMWS is not included in the Demand Totals (Table 4-2 and Table 7-2).

28 Table 6-3 Retail: Wastewater Treatment and Outcomes within Service Area in 2025 Table 6-4 Retail: Current and Projected Recycled Water Direct Beneficial Uses within Service Area Treatment
Level
Volume
(MG)
Treatment
Level
Volume
(MG)
Treatment
Level
Volume
(MG)
Treatment
Level
Volume
(MG)
Treatment
Level
Volume
(MG)
Name of other
entity
Arcata City WWTF,
Place ID 206164 No 731 778 Secondary, Disinfected - 23 557 Secondary, Disinfected - 23 221
731 778 557 0 221 0 0
2025 Outcomes of Treated Wastewater
Does This
Plant Treat
Wastewater
Generated
Outside the
UWMP Service
Area?
Wastewater
Treatment Plant
Name and Place ID
Number
Total 2025
Volume of
Water
Treated
(MG)
NOTES: Arcata Wastewater Treatment Facility influent flow was 752 MG in 2025; an additional 21 MG was received from the Fieldbrook Glendale Community Services District and an additional 26 MG entered the treatment system as rainfall catchment. When flows permit, all treated wastewater flows through the Arcata Marsh and Wildlife Sanctuary and is then discharged to Humboldt Bay. During high flow conditions, adaptive management is used to divert a portion of the volume away from the enhancement marshes to final discharge to the Brackish Marsh. The Brackish Marsh discharges to Humboldt Bay through a tide gate. In 2025 a total of 778 MG was discharged to the Brackish Marsh, 557 MG of which was treated through the enhancement marshes.

Total
2025 Volume
of Wastewater
Received from UWMP Service
Area
(As Reported
in Submittal
Table 6-2 R)
(MG)
Water Recycled Within
UWMP Service Area
Submittal Table 6-3 Retail: Wastewater Treatment and Outcomes Within UWMP Service AreaWater Code Section 10633(b) Water Recycled Outside
of UWMP Service Area
Effluent Discharge that is
not a Permitted Recycled
Water Use
Required Discharge for
Instream Flow
Delivered to Another Entity for Additional
Treatment

29 For the 2020 UWMP, it was projected that 675 million gallons of treated wastewater would flow through AMWS by 2025. In 2024, completion of wastewater treatment facility upgrades allowed for a larger volume of wastewater to flow through AMWS. In 2025, 72 percent of treated wastewater was recycled through AMWS (Table 6-3 and Table 6-5).

Table 6-5 Retail: 2020 UWMP Recycled Water Use Projection Compared to 2025 Actual Plans for future recycled water use are limited to increasing the volume of wastewater treated through AMWS. In 2025, treatment plant upgrades allowed the flow to AMWS to increase to 557 MG per year.

Additional water recycling opportunities, in particular reuse for agricultural and landscape irrigation are discussed in concept but would be highly dependent on demand and funding possibilities. At this time these additional recycling opportunities have not been explored in enough detail to project an implementation year or expected increase in recycled water use (Table 6-6).

Table 6-6 Retail: Methods to Expand Future Recycled Water Use

6.6 Desalinated Water Opportunities
The Humboldt Bay Region has placed considerable investment into a regional system to provide water from the Mad River through HBMWD. This source has ample capacity to meet the region’s growth demands.

An impediment to desalination along Humboldt Bay is the need for an ocean discharge point to dispose of the brine generated through the process. Given the nature of Humboldt Bay and the active shellfish growing 2020 Projection
for 2025 (MG)
2025 Actual
Use (MG)
675 557
675 557
Submittal Table 6-5 Retail: 2020 UWMP Recycled Water Use Projection Compared to 2025 Actual
Water Code Section 10633(e)
Wetlands or wildlife habitat
NOTES: See section 6.5 for full discussion on recycled water. Recycled water is utilized in the Service Area for direct beneficial uses at the Arcata Marsh and Wildlife Sanctuary. Recycled water use was excluded for purposes of demand projections and setting and meeting per capita water use targets. Although it serves as a wildlife sanctuary and provides for several beneficial uses, Arcata Marsh and Wildlife Sanctuary is primarily a wastewater treatment unit and in no foreseeable future would potable water, or direct potable reuse water be used to support the beneficial uses of the treatment unit.

Total
Use Type

30 industry within Humboldt Bay, such permitting would be difficult. There are no plans to investigate opportunities for desalination within the planning horizon of the 2025 UWMP.

6.7 Exchanges or Transfers
The Humboldt Bay Region has placed considerable investment into a regional system to provide water from the Mad River through HBMWD. This source has ample capacity to meet the region’s growth demands.

Infrastructure (i.e. interconnections) exist which would allow for water exchanges or transfers however, the purpose of these interconnections is to ensure a reliable water supply in the event of a catastrophic event by providing an alternate route of delivery. There are no plans for exchange or transfer opportunities within the planning horizon of the 2025 UWMP.

6.8 Supply from Storage
The Humboldt Bay Region has placed considerable investment into a regional system to provide water from the Mad River through HBMWD. This source has ample capacity to meet the region’s growth demands.

While the City of Arcata and JCWD do have storage tanks for their distribution systems, these tanks are used to provide ample water during periods of peak usage, for fire suppression and to increase water pressure at the tap. These tanks do not have to capacity to store large volumes of water for use during times of water shortage. Due to the ample source capacity, there are no plans to investigate opportunities for storage to address water shortage within the planning horizon of the 2025 UWMP.

6.9 Future Water Projects
There are no legal, environmental, water quality, or climatic factors resulting in an inconsistent water supply in the Service Area. The Mad River water source has been very consistent, and adequate water rights exist to meet demand projections for the planning period of the 2025 UWMP. There is no need to examine replacement of this primary water source. Short-term water interruption would most likely result from a loss of power or facility failure due to a catastrophic event(s); HBMWD and its regional retail partners have reduced the likelihood of water supply interruption through construction of several interconnections throughout the regional system to allow for multiple routes of water delivery throughout the region. Several scenarios are addressed within the City’s Vulnerability Assessment Plan and the Emergency Response Plan.

The City of Arcata has no future water supply projects to meet projected water supply needs.

Table 6-7 Retail: Expected Future Water Supply Projects or Programs

6.10 Summary of Existing and Planned Sources of Water
HBMWD has appropriative water rights permits from the SWRCB through the year 2029 for surface water storage and diversion. Permit No. 11714 allows HBMWD to store up to 15,650 million gallons per year (MGY) at Ruth Lake to be collected “from October 1 of each year to April 30 of the succeeding year.” Permit No. 11715 allows HBMWD to directly divert up to 75 MGD at the Essex facilities. Both permits combined allow a total maximum annual diversion and use up to 43,022 MG. This represents 8.8 percent of the average annual runoff (312,515 MGY) of the Mad River Basin for the period from 1963 to 2015 (average annual runoff data provided by the United States Geological Survey at Gage Station 1148100 on the Mad River near Arcata, CA). During the period of 2016-2020, HBMWD diverted an average of 2,704

31 MGY for domestic consumption, which represents only 0.9 percent of the average annual runoff of the Mad River Basin and only 10 percent of the permitted maximum annual diversion.

Arcata has a peak rate allocation of 3.00 MGD from HBMWD. In 2025, the City utilized 574 MG, or 52 percent of its allocation (Table 6-8). In 2050, when projected demand is anticipated to be nearly 900 MG the City will be utilizing approximately 82 percent of its peak rate allocation (Table 6-9). In 2015, due to emergency water conservation restrictions implemented by the SWRCB, the City utilized 1 percent of the safe yield and has utilized zero percent of the safe yield from 2016-2020. After a groundwater well rehabilitation project currently in progress, the City anticipates that it may utilize 100 percent of the safe yield for Heindon Groundwater Well, however, Heindon Groundwater Well will be used an emergency water source only.

Table 6-8 Retail: Water Supplies – Actual
The reliable nature of the regional water supply allows the City to conclude that the reasonably available volume is equal to the City’s peak rate allocation or total right and that this will continue to be the case throughout the planning horizon (Table 6-9).

Water Supply
Drop down list Potable or Non-Potable
(after treatment if treated)
Actual Volume
(MG) Total Entitlement
Purchased or Imported Water Produced and purchased from HBMWD Potable 585 1,095
Purchased or Imported Water
Produced by HBMWD. Purchased
through McKinleyville CSD at
Wymore intertie
Potable 7
592 1,095
00 592 1,095
Submittal Table 6-8 Retail: Water Supplies — Actual
Water Code Section 10631(b)
2025
NOTES: Volume of water purchased throught the Wymore Intertie is less than 2 percent of total volume into the system. Water is purchased through this interconnection primarily to keep water in the line from stagnating.

Total
Subtotal Potable
Subtotal Non-Potable
Additional Description
(as needed)

32 Table 6-9 Retail: Water Supplies – Projected
Water Supply
Reasonably
Available
Volume
(MG)
Total
Entitlement(OPTIONAL)
See 'DWR Notes'
below (MG)
Reasonably
Available
Volume (MG)
Total
Entitlement(OPTIONAL)
See 'DWR Notes'
below (MG)
Reasonably
Available
Volume
(MG)
Total
Entitlement(OPTIONAL)
See 'DWR Notes'
below (MG)
Reasonably
Available
Volume
(MG)
Total
Entitlement(OPTIONAL)
See 'DWR Notes'
below (MG)
Reasonably
Available
Volume
(MG)
Total
Entitlement(OPTIONAL)
See 'DWR Notes'
below (MG)
Purchased or Imported
Water Potable 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 00 0 000 0 0 0 0
1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 2050 (opt)
Total
2030 2035 2040 2045
Subtotal Non-Potable
Subtotal Potable
Submittal Table 6-9 Retail: Water Supplies — ProjectedWater Code Section 10631 (b) Projected Water Supply (Report to the Extent Practicable) Additional
Detail on
Water
Supply
Potable or Non-Potable
(after treatment if treated)

33 6.11 Climate Change Impacts to Supply
Watersheds in Humboldt and Trinity Counties receive high annual rainfall. The climate of the lower Mad River watershed is influenced by the coastal atmosphere and averages 40 inches of rain per year between the months of October through April. Further inland, rain is predominant during these winter months up to 3,000 feet, with snow above 4,000 feet.

HBMWD completed the Integrated Regional Water Management Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment. In regard to Section II of the Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment, Water Supply:
 A portion of the water supply comes from snow melt in the Mad River Watershed.  The water supply does not rely on water diverted from the Delta or coastal aquifers. The main source of supply is from the Mad River in Trinity and Humboldt Counties and Ruth Lake in Trinity County.
 HBMWD will not have difficulty in storing carryover supply surpluses from year to year. Ruth Reservoir currently has a capacity of 15,650 MG.
 The communities served by HBMWD have not faced a drought in the past during which there was a failure to meet local water demands.
 The HBMWD does not have any invasive species management issues at any facilities, along conveyance structures, or in habitat areas.

HBMWD did not experience a water shortage at any time during the most recent statewide drought (2012- 2015.) HBMWD’s Ruth Reservoir filled to capacity each and every year of the four-year drought. Due to the full reservoir and reduced demands (loss of two large industrial customers), HBMWD is not experiencing any water shortage, and has sufficient water supply to carry it through multiple drought years.

6.12 Energy Use and Intensity
The City is responsible for potable water distribution in the service area. It manages and maintains 12 water booster pump stations and 17 water storage tanks, located throughout 4 interconnected pressure zones. The total energy consumed to distribute drinking water in 2025 was 203,209 kWh while the energy intensity was 354.0 kWh/MG (Table 6-10). All energy data was collected from PG&E electrical meters that are dedicated to each piece of distribution infrastructure. Assumptions are that all electricity consumed by each meter is directly related to the distribution of potable water to customers.

34 Table O-1A: 2025 Drinking Water Distribution Energy Use and Intensity The City maintains a sanitary sewer system comprised of approximately 65 miles of pipe, ranging from 6 inches to 24 inches in diameter, and twelve sewage lift stations. Sewer service is provided to all businesses and residents within the City, as well as some residences located adjacent to City limits, within the City’s sphere of influence. The City entirely contains Cal Poly Humboldt, which discharges, unmetered, to the City sewer system.

Since 1992, the sewer system has received flow from the Fieldbrook Glendale Community Services District, up to 71,200 gallons per day. The total energy consumed for wastewater collection, conveyance and treatment in 2025 was 903,461.5 kWh while the total energy intensity was 590.5 kW/MG (Table 6-11). The energy consumed for collection and conveyance was 200,296.2 kWh and the energy intensity was 266.4 kWh/MG. The energy consumed for wastewater treatment was 703,165.3 kWh and the energy intensity was 903.8 kWh/MG. Electrical power for the discharge pumps comes through the same meter that supplies energy for most of the wastewater treatment system. A small portion of the energy usage reported for wastewater treatment should be applied towards discharge; however, this quantity was unable to be accurately estimated for the 2025 UWMP. All energy data was collected from PG&E electrical meters. Assumptions are that all electricity consumed by each meter associated with Retail Potable
Deliveries
1/1/2025
12/31/2025
No
Units for
Water
Volume
Extract and
Divert
Place
into
Storage
Conveyance Treatment Distribution Total Utility See DWR NOTES Hydropower Net Utility MG 574 574 574N/A 203209 203209 203209N/A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 354.0 354.0 0.0 354.02 Quantity of Self-Generated Renewable Energysee narrative kWhData Quality (Estimate, Metered Data, Combination of Estimates and Metered Data)Metered DataData Quality Narrative:Narrative:All energy data was collected from PG&E electrical meters that are dedicated to each piece of distribution infrastructure. Assumptions are that all electricity consumed by each meter is directly related to the distribution of potable water to customers.The City of Arcata generates renewable energy from solar installations at locations in its distribution system. The data quanitfying the amount of energy produced by these solar installations is not readily available at this time.

Volume of Water Entering Process
Energy Consumed (kWh)
Energy Intensity (kWh/vol. converted to MG)
DWR NOTES: Total Utility:The volume of water entered in the “Total Utility” column should equal the volume of water entering the distribution system (excluding recycled water); in most cases, this is the total volume calculated in UWMP Table 4-1: 2025 Actual Total Uses for Potable and Non-Potable Water. Note if recycled water is included in your Submittal Table 4-1, you must exclude it from your volume in this table.

Optional Submittal Table O-1A: Recommended Energy Reporting - SINGLE DELIVERY PRODUCT - WATER SUPPLY PROCESS APPROACH Water Delivery Product
drop down list
(If delivering more than one type of product recommend using Table O-1C)
Only for Water Delivery Products Under the Urban Water Supplier's Operational Control Start Date of Reporting Period
Water Management Process Non-Consequential Hydropower (if applicable) End Date of Reporting Period Is upstream embedded energy included in the values reported?

35 Collection/Conveyance infrastructure is directly related to the collection and conveyance of wastewater from domestic and industrial sources to the wastewater treatment plant. There are two meters associated with Treatment infrastructure. One is dedicated entirely to wastewater treatment. The second meter is the meter for the entire complex in which the wastewater treatment facility is housed. Based on the activities that occur that are not associated with wastewater treatment, it was estimated that 5% of the metered electrical usage from that meter is used for wastewater treatment processes. The calculated energy usage from both meters associated with treatment infrastructure was added together to determine Wastewater Energy Consumed for Treatment. Table O-2: 2025 Wastewater Collection, Treatment and Discharge Energy Use and Intensity Start Date of Reporting Period 1/1/2025
End Date of Reporting Period 12/31/2025
Is upstream embedded energy in the values reported? No
Units of Measure for Water MG Collection /
Conveyance
Treatment Discharge / Distribution Total
752 778 1530
200296.2 703165.3 903461.5
266.4 903.8 0.0 590.5
00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Quantity of Self-Generated Renewable Energy related to recycled water and wastewater operations see narrative kWh
Data Quality (drop down)
Metered Data
Data Quality Narrative:Narrative:

Wastewater Energy Intensity (kWh/volume converted to MG) Volume of Wastewater Entering Process (volume units selected above) Wastewater Energy Consumed (kWh)
Volume of Recycled Water Entering Process (volume units selected above) Recycled Water Energy Consumed (kWh)
Recycled Water Energy Intensity (kWh/volume converted to MG) Optional Submittal Table O-2: Recommended Energy Reporting - WASTEWATER AND RECYCLED WATER Only for Water Delivery Products Under the Urban Water
Supplier's Operational Control
Water Management Process
All energy data was collected from PG&E meters. Assumptions are that all electricity consumed by each meter associated with Collection/Conveyance infrastructure is directly related to the collection and conveyance of wastewater from domestic and industrial sources to the wastewater treatment facility. There are two meters associated with Treatment infrastructure. One is dedicated entirely to wastewater treatement. The second meter is the meter for the entire complex in which the wastewater treatment facility is housed. Based on the activities that occur that are not associated with wastewater treatment it was estimated that 5% of the metered electrical usage from that meter is used for wastewater treatment processes. The calculated energy usage from both meters associated withtreatment infrastructure was added together to determine Wastewater Energy Consumed for Treatment. Electrical power for the discharge pumps comes through the same meter that supplies energy for most of the wastewater treatment system. A small portion of the energy usage reported for wastewater treatment should be applied towards discharge; however, this quantity was unable to be accurately estimated for the 2025 UWMP.

The City of Arcata generates renewable energy from solar installations at locations in its wastewater system. The data quanitfying the amount of energy produced by these solar installations is not readily available at this time.

36 Chapter 7 Water Supply Reliability Assessment
Portions of Chapter 7 addressing water supply reliability were provided by HBMWD. Water supply reliability is discussed on a regional basis due to the nature of the relationship between Arcata, HBMWD, and other municipal customers reliant upon HBMWD as a primary water source. Heindon Groundwater Well is not included in the discussion of water supply reliability as its main purpose is to provide emergency water supply.

7.1 Constraints on Water Sources
As discussed in the Chapter 6, HBMWD’s supply at Ruth Lake Reservoir is in excess of municipal and industrial demand. Water from Ruth Lake flows down the Mad River and is pumped at the Essex Operations Center. This source of water has been very consistent and there is no need to replace or supplement this water source during the planning period of this report.

7.1.1 Water Quality
Drinking water delivered by HBMWD is drawn from wells located in the Mad River. These wells draw water from the sands and gravel of the aquifer located under the riverbed. The gravel and sands through which the water is drawn provides a natural filtration process which yields high quality water. Results from ongoing water monitoring and testing indicate that HBMWD’s water quality is very high and meets safe drinking water regulatory standards, as has consistently been the case over the years.

Historically, turbidity is the only water quality issue occasionally encountered by HBMWD. Generally, turbidity in the source water has been very low and meets the turbidity standards set by the drinking water regulatory standards. However, during or following severe winter storm events, turbidity in the source water could rise beyond the standards set by drinking water regulations. In the late 1990s, an extremely heavy “El Nino” rainy season caused a prolonged series of storms that raised turbidity in the source water to such a level that regulatory officials became concerned that it could potentially interfere with the disinfection process, and therefore, pose a threat to public health. In 1997, the State directed all Public Water Systems in the Humboldt Bay area (HBMWD and its wholesale municipal customers) to address the wintertime turbidity issue and to meet the turbidity standards established by drinking water regulation.

HBMWD initiated a process with its seven municipal customers to determine the most cost effective way to meet the State’s requirement. The solution was to design and construct a regional Turbidity Reduction Facility (TRF). The TRF was completed in April 2003 and now operates during the winter storm season to reduce higher turbidities in accordance with drinking water standards.

As ongoing water monitoring and testing indicates, HBMWD’s water quality has been and continues to be very high and with the turbidity issue taken care of by the TRF, HBMWD does not foresee any current or projected water supply impacts resulting from water quality.

7.2 Reliability by Type of Year
HBMWD has permitted rights to store 15,650 MGY of Mad River water at Ruth Reservoir and divert 27,371 MGY of water at Essex to supply its wholesale and retail customers. The highest projected total water demand for the HBMWD’s wholesale customers in 2040 is 3,617 MGY (Table 7-2), which is approximately 14 percent of the permitted water supply. With this in mind, the following sections provide data for each of the following water year types: normal, single dry, and multi-dry. Supply and demand comparisons for each water year type are also discussed.

37 Table 7-1 Retail: Basis of Water Year Data
Quantification of Arcata’s available supplies is not compatible with Table 7-1 and is provided in Section

6.10 Summary of Existing and Planned Sources of Water.

7.2.1 Normal Water Year
During a normal water year, the Ruth Lake area receives an average 65.42 inches of rainfall, approximately 56,372 MG of water flow into the reservoir via the Mad River. The average runoff for the watershed near HBMWD’s diversion facilities at Essex is 312,514 MGY (USGS Gage Station 1148100 on the Mad River near Arcata, CA). The Water Year ending in 1989 is considered an average water year because the average runoff for the watershed that year was 321,082 MGY, which is closest to the average annual runoff for the watershed as provided (Table 7-1).

Table 7-2 also shows the retail normal year supply and demand comparison for the Service Area. During a normal water year, the Service Area’s peak rate allocation (supply total) is adequate to meet Service Area demand.

38 Table 7-2 Retail: Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison

7.2.2 Single Dry Water Year
The water year ending in 1977 was the driest on record for the watershed contributing to HBMWD’s supply, far drier than any other. Rainfall in the Ruth area was 29 inches, or 41percent of normal (69.8 inches).

Flow into the reservoir was 8,472 MGY (15 percent of normal). The runoff for the watershed measured near the HBMWD’s diversion facilities was 35,553 MGY (11 percent of normal) (Table 7-1). The average reservoir volume for the water year was 6,843 MG, which is 44 percent of capacity and 51 percent of normal. The reservoir was drawn down to 4,236 MG (27 percent of capacity) at the end of the water year.

Fall storms arrived in November 1977 and quickly refilled the reservoir. The 1977 water year was severely dry throughout the entire state of California and was a very exceptional year in HBMWD’s history:
 In 52 years of record, it was the only year in which rainfall was less than 50 percent of normal.  It is the only year in which the reservoir was not filled to capacity.  Total flows into the reservoir via the Mad River were half the value of the next driest year (2001).  Runoff for the watershed and average reservoir volume were each 60 percent of the next driest year.

Single dry year supply data is based on the 1977 water year with a watershed runoff of volume of 35,553 MGY, which exceeds HBMWD’s permitted water supply of 27,371 MGY. Therefore, HBMWD had 27,371 MGY of water available during a single dry year, as it does during a normal water year. HBMWD has sufficient supply to meet municipal demand (peak rate allocation), even in a critical single dry water year situation. This ensures that the City of Arcata has sufficient supply to meet municipal demand even in a critical single dry year (Table 7-3)
2030 (MG) 2035 (MG) 2040 (MG) 2045 (MG) 2050 (MG)
Supply totals 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095
Use totals 562 604 649 698 752
Surplus/(shortfall) 533 491 446 397 343
Submittal Table 7-2 Retail: Normal Year Supply and Use Comparison Water Code Section 10635 (a)

39 Table 7-3 Retail: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison

7.2.3 Multiple Dry Water Years
The five water years between October 1990 and September 1994 represent the driest multiple years on record for HBMWD (Table 7-1):
 Rainfall for this period averaged 49 inches per year (70 percent of normal).  The driest year of the multi-year period was the 1992 water year with 37 inches (53 percent of normal).
 Flow into Ruth Lake via the Mad River averaged 20,854 MGY (37 percent of normal).  Despite the diminished rainfall and runoff, rainfall was more than sufficient to refill the reservoir each year.
 Reservoir volume during this period averaged 12,728 MG which is 81 percent of capacity and 95 percent of normal.

Runoff volumes for the watershed above the HBMWD’s diversion facilities for the multi-year period were five water years were:
 1990: 186,326 MGY (60 % of normal).
 1991: 120,988 MGY (39% of normal).
 1992: (driest water year of the five): 92,149 MGY (29% of normal).  1993: 382,892 MGY (119% of normal).
 1994: 141,738 MGY (44% of normal).

7.3 Supply and Demand Assessment
Table 7-4 projects the multiple dry water year supply amounts in comparison to projected demands through year 2050 for the Service Area. Watershed runoff data from the five consecutive water years mentioned above were used, attributing 186,326 MGY (first year), 120,988 MGY (second year), 92,149 MGY (third year), 382,892 MGY (fourth year) and 141,738 (fifth year). As these supply amounts are larger than HBMWD’s maximum permitted supply amount of 27,371 MGY, HBMWD can maintain its water supply during these consecutive dry water years. Table 7-4 shows the Service Area anticipates having its entire peak rate allocation available during multiple dry years since there are no projected shortfalls in the supply available to HBMWD.

Supply totals 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095
Use totals 562 604 649 698 752
Surplus/(shortfall) 533 491 446 397 343
Submittal Table 7-3 Retail: Single Dry Year Supply and Use Comparison Water Code Section 10635(a)
2030 (MG) 2035 (MG) 2040 (MG) 2045 (MG) 2050 (MG)

40 Table 7-4 Retail: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison

7.4 Regional Supply Reliability
Throughout the years, there have been studies that refer to HBMWD’s water source and its reliability.

Bechtel Corporation was retained in the 1950s to perform various water supply studies and to complete the design and specifications for the original regional water system. During this time, Bechtel completed a detailed operations study of the reservoir storage to determine the safe yield of the original project pursuant to HBMWD’s downstream diversion requirements and the requirements in HBMWD’s water rights permits. The study was done on the basis of a 75 MGD average annual diversion rate at Essex. Existing prior water rights downstream of Ruth Lake were incorporated into the study. Bechtel confirmed the safe yield of the reservoir at 75 MG, assuming the driest period of record studied (1923-1924). Bechtel reported “The Mad River Development will utilize the available supply and by storage regulation make this supply available for year-round diversion at Essex. The firm supply made available at Essex is measured by the amount of water the HBMWD can divert under its permits in the driest year on record 1923-1924.” (Reference: Engineering Report on Mad River Development, Bechtel Corporation, October 1960) Subsequent to the Bechtel study, DWR calculated the safe yield of Ruth Lake Reservoir to be very close to what Bechtel had determined (Reference: Bulletin No. 142-1, North Coastal Hydrographic Area). The State also used the 1923-24 drought period in its determination.

Hydrological conditions were supported by subsequent studies by DWR, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Bechtel Corporation, and Winzler and Kelly Engineering. In a study by DWR titled “Office Report on Preliminary Investigation of Mad River,” DWR acknowledges that the Ruth Lake area where HBMWD keeps its storage supply has “heavy and frequent precipitation.” DWR also said in the report that the mean seasonal runoff of the Mad River as measured at Arcata at the time (1958) was 750,000 AFY 2030 (MG) 2035 (MG) 2040 (MG) 2045 (MG) 2050 (MG)
Supply totals 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095
Use totals 562 604 649 698 752
Surplus/(shortfall) 533 491 446 397 343
Supply totals 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095
Use totals 562 604 649 698 752
Surplus/(shortfall) 533 491 446 397 343
Supply totals 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095
Use totals 562 604 649 698 752
Surplus/(shortfall) 533 491 446 397 343
Supply totals 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095
Use totals 562 604 649 698 752
Surplus/(shortfall) 533 491 446 397 343
Supply totals 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095 1,095
Use totals 562 604 649 698 752
Surplus/(shortfall) 533 491 446 397 343
Third year
Fourth year
Fifth year
Submittal Table 7-4 Retail: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Use Comparison Water Code Section 10635(a)
First year
Second year

41 (acre-feet per year) (244,388 MGY), which exceeds HBMWD’s permitted 27,371 MGY and the actual projected water demands from its customers as shown in Table 7-4.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers discusses the mean seasonal runoff of the Mad River in their 1968 report titled, “Interim Review Report for Water Resources Development, Mad River, California.” The report states that the variation in annual runoff has ranged from a low of 280,000 AFY (26,068 MGY) in the lowest year recorded at the time, to a high of 1,746,000 AFY (568,936 MGY) in the year of the highest runoff recorded at the time. It also states that the minimum five-year average annual runoff was 650,000 AFY (211,803MGY). These average annual runoff volume show that HBMWD has ample supply to support its customer demands. The report also describes the local climate in that it is typical of coastal areas of California with a large percentage of the rainfall occurring during major storms during the winter months of November through March. It reports that the average annual precipitation over the basin ranges from about 40 inches along the coastal plains to more than 70 inches in the central part of the basin, with an estimated basin average of approximately 63 inches.

In 1977, Winzler and Kelly Engineering conducted a drought deficiency analysis of R.W. Matthews Dam with then current data (including the drought of 1977) and determined the safe yield to be approximately 67 MGD, 8 MGD less than projected by Bechtel. Although the safe yield projected by Winzler and Kelly was less than the one projected by Bechtel Corporation, it far exceeds HBMWD’s current and projected demands from its wholesale customers.

Results from the described studies are supported by HBMWD’s historical data, which shows that, on average, Ruth Lake begins the water year with approximately 10,101 MG of water (64 percent of capacity).

Most rainfall in the area occurs between November and April. In every year except one since 1969, there has been at least one large storm during this period, bringing 3 to 9 inches of rain over a seven-day period.

This is almost always sufficient to fill the reservoir to capacity. There has only been one water year (1976/77) in which the reservoir was not filled to capacity. The average reservoir volume on May 1 (the end of the usual rainy season) is approximately 15,543 MG, over 99 percent of capacity. Storage allows HBMWD to supplement low flows until the rains begin again in the fall. Seasonal or climatic shortages are only likely to occur after two consecutive rainy winter seasons with severely reduced rainfall and runoff (well below 50 percent of normal). This has not happened in the history of HBMWD.

7.5 Drought Risk Assessment
As previously noted, during multiple drought years, Ruth Reservoir has filled to capacity. The only year the reservoir did not fill to capacity was water year 1977. Fall storms arrived in November 1977 and quickly refilled the reservoir. During the 1977 water year, watershed runoff was 35,553 MGY. This amount is more than the District’s permitted water supply of 27,372 MGY. For the Drought Risk Assessment, HBMWD assumed decreased rainfall due to climate change and that the reservoir will not fill and steadily decreases dramatically over five years beginning with a low watershed runoff of 26,068 MGY. As noted, the lowest in the District’s history was 35,553 MGY. The volumes used for the Drought Risk Assessment are actually lower than the five-year consecutive drought numbers. In the unlikely event that this scenario was to occur, there is still ample supply for all the District’s customers (Table 7-5).

42 Table 7-5 Retail: Five-Year Drought Risk Assessment Tables 2026 Total
Total Water Use (MG) 530
Total Supplies (MG) 1,095
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action 565
2027 Total
Total Water Use (MG) 538
Total Supplies (MG) 1,095
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action 557
2028 Total
Total Water Use (MG) 546
Total Supplies (MG) 1,095
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action 549
2029 Total
Total Water Use (MG) 554
Total Supplies (MG) 1,095
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action 541
2030 Total
Total Water Use (MG) 562
Total Supplies (MG) 1,095
Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action 533
Submittal Table 7-5 Retail: Five-Year Drought Risk
Assessment
Water Code Section 10635(b)(3)

43 Chapter 8 Water Shortage Contingency Planning
Portions of this chapter were provided by HBMWD.

HBMWD delivers potable water to seven municipalities in the northern Humboldt Bay Region. As the primary source of potable water for the region, it is imperative that HBMWD and municipal customers work cooperatively to implement an effective Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP). Municipal customers purchase water from HBMWD under long-term contract. The contract specifically asserts HBMWD’s authority to suspend water delivery requirements of the contract if HBMWD’s Board of Directors declares that an actual or potential water shortage exists, or if all wholesale customers of HBMWD mutually agree to implement HBMWD’s WSCP. Due to the contractual nature of the relationship between the City and HBMWD, and the dependence on HBMWD as a primary source of potable water, the City abides by the conditions set forth in HBMWD’s WSCP. HBMWD’s Water Shortage Contingency Plan Update is included in its entirety in Appendix K.

The HBMWD’s WSCP identifies stages of action based on Ruth Lake reservoir levels and sets maximum use targets for its municipal customers for each stage of action. HBMWD does not have the ability to impose use restriction or other requirements directly on municipal customers. As such, the City retains responsibility for control of allotments provided under the provisions of HBMWD’s WSCP. In the event that that HBMWD’s WSCP is triggered, the City will declare a water shortage emergency and will adopt, by resolution, specific actions or prohibitions to meet the supply reduction target identified in each action stage.

Coordination in implementing HBMWD’s WSCP is assured through the activation of a Water Task Force.

This task force would be convened as necessary to address drought conditions or other significant events which could result in a supply shortfall. It is composed of representatives of HBMWD and each of its municipal and industrial (if any) customers. The committee’s responsibilities include:

1. Review the status of the water supply and forecasts.

2. Recommend specific actions in accordance with this plan and each entity’s own water shortage plan.

3. Assure that priority of allocations meets legal requirements of consistency and non-discrimination.

4. Coordinate media releases and public announcements.

5. Coordinate interaction with regulatory agencies such as the California Department of Water Resources, Fish and Wildlife, and State Water Resources Control Board.

6. Review and make recommendations about requests for waivers from or exceptions to, actions taken pursuant to this plan.

8.1 Water Supply Reliability Analysis
Throughout the years, there have been multiple studies that refer to HBMWD’s water source and its reliability (See Chapters 7.4 and 7.4). These reports show that HBMWD has ample supply to support its customer demands with the average annual runoff amounts in the Mad River watershed. HBMWD’s Drought Risk Assessment indicates that after five years of drought, there will still be ample supply for its customers.

44 8.2 Annual Water Supply and Demand Assessment Procedures Water code section 10632.1 requires Urban water suppliers in California to submit an annual Water Supply and Demand Assessment. This assessment evaluates the supplier’s water supply reliability for the current year and one dry year. Supply data from HBMWD as well as water levels at Ruth Reservoir in May of each year are evaluated to determine if a water shortage is predicted in the next twelve months. As stated in Section 8.1, HBMWD has adequate storage capacity as well as seasonal precipitation for a full supply of water in both a normal year, one dry year and five consecutive years of drought. Water supply and demand assessments from July 2022 through July 2026 indicate that water supply is adequate to meet demand in all years and the Service Area does not expect a water shortage during the 2025 planning period. Water supply and demand assessment tables submitted to DWR for July 1, 2025-June 30, 2026, are included in Appendix J.

8.3 Six Standard Water Shortage Levels

8.3.1 Stages of Action
There are five defined drought action stages corresponding to six shortage levels (Table 8-1). These stages may be implemented with or without a formal declaration of a water emergency by HBMWD’s Board of Directors. In the event circumstances merit or require a declaration of a water shortage emergency, it is the intent of HBMWD to rely on this plan to provide the primary framework to deal with such an emergency.

The triggers attached to each stage are not intended to be absolute. Circumstances not currently foreseeable may dictate moving to a higher action stage before the trigger levels for that stage are reached. Conversely, action stage implementation may be postponed or suspended if there is sufficient natural flow in the river to meet downstream needs. Action stages will be terminated, in consultation with the Water Task Force, as rain, runoff, and reservoir levels permit. The City may implement any stage of action independent of HBMWD due to conditions within the Service Area which may affect water supply availability. Throughout all stages of action, the City will notify customers, the public and others regarding any current or predicted water shortages as well as shortage response actions triggered or anticipated to be triggered.

Table 8-1 Retail: Stages of Water Shortage Contingency Plan Stage 1 – Controlled Release from Storage
If the reservoir level is within the Stage 1 boundaries, only the amount of water needed for instream flow dedication and water supply purposes will be released from the reservoir. Under Stage 1 conditions, neither domestic nor industrial users face supply reduction. Stage 1 may be implemented independent of HBMWD due to conditions within the Service Area which may affect water supply availability.

45 Implementation of Stage 1 conditions will not trigger any immediate end use prohibitions on City customers. The City will participate on the Water Task Force and begin preparing for implementation of higher stages of action, if necessary.

Stage 2 – Optimizing Available Supply
Consideration to implement Stage 2 will be triggered when the storage in Ruth Lake falls below the 75 MGD operating curve (Appendix I). Other triggers to be considered for initiating Stage 2 requirements include damage to the system by flood, earthquake, or other system failures; and accidental or intentional toxic spills in the supply. The Water Task Force will review the trigger data and make recommendations regarding actual implementation of Stage 2. Stage 2 actions may be implemented independent of HBMWD due to conditions within the Service Area which may affect water supply availability.

Under Stage 2 conditions, HBMWD may impose up to a 5 percent reduction in potable water supply to the City. Likewise, the City may independently trigger Stage 2 to implement actions to achieve up to a 5 percent reduction in water use. Entering Stage 2 means that awareness needs to be raised through the implementation of public outreach and education campaigns, and potentially voluntary conservation measures. Under these conditions, the City would take steps to reduce water used for municipal operations.

At this stage, the City may consider seeking changes to the operational status of Heindon Groundwater well as an emergency source. Emergency source designation is regulated the SWRCB Division of Drinking Water. If allowed to be used as a primary supply source, the City would consider operating Heindon Groundwater Well at the safe yield volume to reduce the impact of HBMWD imposed volume reductions to the City’s water supply.

Stage 3 – General Reduction
Consideration to implement Stage 3 will be triggered when the storage in Ruth Lake falls below the 50 MGD operating curve (Appendix I). The Water Task Force will review the trigger data and make recommendations regarding actual implementation of Stage 3. Stage 3 actions may be implemented independent of HBMWD due to conditions within the Service Area which may affect water supply availability.

Under Stage 3 conditions, HBMWD may impose up to a 10 percent reduction in potable water supply to the City. The City may independently trigger Stage 3 to implement actions to achieve up to a 10 percent reduction in water use. Entering Stage 3 means that specific end-use prohibitions and restrictions will be implemented through adoption of a water shortage emergency resolution.

Stage 4 – Usage Allocations
Consideration to implement Stage 4 will be triggered when the storage in Ruth Lake falls below the 30 MGD operating curve (Appendix I). The Water Task Force will review the trigger data and provide input regarding actual implementation of Stage 4. Stage 4 actions may be implemented independent of HBMWD due to conditions within the Service Area which may affect water supply availability. Stage 4 will be considered for implemention by the City when there is a 50 percent reduction in water supply.

Under Stage 4 conditions, HBMWD will require all municipal customers to reduce usage by 20 percent.

Likewise, the City may independently trigger Stage 4 to implement actions to achieve up to a 20 percent reduction in water use. Entering Stage 4 means that more restrictive specific end-use prohibitions and restrictions will be implemented through adoption of a water shortage emergency resolution. The City may consider increased patrols and enforcement under Stage 4.

46 Stage 5 – Rationing
Consideration to implement Stage 5 will be triggered when the storage in Ruth Lake falls below the 20 MGD operating curve (Appendix I). The Water Task Force will review the trigger data and provide input regarding the actual implementation of Stage 5. Stage 5 actions may be implemented independent of HBMWD due to conditions within the Service Area which may affect water supply availability.

Under Stage 5 conditions, HBMWD will require all municipal customers to reduce usage by 30 percent.

Likewise, the City may independently trigger Stage 5 to implement actions to achieve up to a 30 percent reduction in water use. Entering Stage 5 means that the most restrictive specific end-use prohibitions and restrictions will be implemented through adoption of a water shortage emergency resolution. The City will increase patrols and enforcement under Stage 5.

Stage 6 - >50% Shortage
Should storage in Ruth Lake fall below 50 percent while in Stage 5, HBMWD will increase the domestic reduction requirement in the range from 30 percent to 50 percent. Municipal and retail customer use will be reassessed on a bi-weekly basis and may be adjusted as determined by the rate of use of available supply and weather conditions.

Table 8-2: Retail Supply Augmentation
Yes
Volume or
Percentage
Drop down
Shortage Gap
Reduction Value
(May be a range)
(MG)
1 Other Actions (describe) Percentage 0 No action taken to augment supply at Shortage Level 1.
2 Other Actions (describe) Percentage 0-100% of reduction in water suply
f not already operating at the safe yield,
the City would consider operating
Heindon Groundwater Well at the safe
yield volume to reduce the impact of
HBMWD imposed volume reductions to
the City’s water supply.
3 Other Actions (describe) Percentage 0 No action taken to augment supply at Shortage Level 3
4 Other Actions (describe) Percentage 0 No action taken to augment supply at Shortage Level 4
5 Other Actions (describe) Percentage 0 No action taken to augment supply at Shortage Level 5
6 Other Actions (describe) Percentage 0 No action taken to augment supply at Shortage Level 6
Submittal Table 8-2 Retail: Supply Augmentation and Other Actions Water Code Section 10632(a)(4)(A),(C) and (E)
Is the Supplier completing this table using the standard six levels? (yes/no) How much is this going to reduce the
shortage gap?
Shortage
Level
Supply Augmentation Methods and
Other Actions by Water Supplier Additional Explanation or Reference

47 8.4 Prohibitions on End Uses
The City will implement specific end use restrictions and prohibitions, based on the stage of action triggered, to achieve the water use reduction identified in the stage of action. End use prohibitions shall be determined in part, based on current conditions, recommendations of the Water Task Force, and historic water use data and trends. Table 8-2 demonstrates the demand reduction actions that will be considered for shortage levels 2-6. Demand reduction actions listed in Table 8-2 are for general guidance purposes only.

Entering a specific stage does not necessarily require all listed demand reduction actions to be implemented, nor does entering a lower stage prevent a demand reduction action listed under a higher stage from being implemented.

Table 8-3 Retail Only: Demand Reduction Actions
Yes
Volume or
Percentage
Shortage Gap
Reduction Value
1 Other Percentage 0 No action taken at Shortage Level 1 No 2 Landscape - Other landscape
restriction or prohibition Percentage 2 Yes
2 Pools and Spas - Require covers for
pools and spas Percentage 2 Yes
2 Water Features - Restrict water use
for decorative water features, such
as fountains
Percentage 2 Yes
2 Other - Customers must repair
leaks, breaks, and malfunctions in a
timely manner
Percentage 2 Yes
2 Other - Require automatic shut of
hoses Percentage 2 Yes
3 Landscape - Restrict or prohibit
runoff from landscape irrigation Percentage 2 Yes
3 Landscape - Limit landscape
irrigation to specific times Percentage 2 Yes
3 Landscape - Limit landscape
irrigation to specific days Percentage 2 Yes
3 Expand Public Information
Campaign Percentage 2 Yes
3 Increase Water Waste Patrols Percentage 2 Yes
4 Landscape - Prohibit certain types
of landscape irrigation Percentage 7 Yes
4 Other - Prohibit vehicle washing
except at facilities using recycled or
recirculating water
Percentage 3 Yes
5/6 Landscape - Prohibit all landscape
irrigation Percentage 3 Yes
5/6 CII - Commercial kitchens required
to use pre-rinse spray valves Percentage 1 Yes
5/6 CII - Restaurants may only serve
water upon request Percentage 1 Yes
5/6 CII - Lodging establishment must
offer opt out of linen service Percentage 1 Yes
5/6 CII - Other CII restriction or
prohibition Percentage 1 Yes
5/6 Moratorium or Net Zero Demand
Increase on New Connections Percentage 1 Yes
5/6 Other - Prohibit use of potable Percentage 2 Yes
Shortage
Level Demand Reduction Actions Additional Explanation or Reference NOTES: The City of Arcata does not have the ability to impose use restriction or other requirements directly on customers in the JCWD residing outside of the city boundary. The JCWD Board of Directors will be notified of all planned reductions and may be called upon to implement similar end use prohibitions for customers in the JCWD.

Penalty, Charge,
or Other
Enforcement?
Is the Supplier completing this table using the standard six levels? (yes/no) Submittal Table 8-3 Retail: Demand Reduction Actions
Water Code Section 10632(a)(4)(B),(D), and (E)
How much is this going to reduce the
shortage gap?

48 8.5 Penalties, Charges, Other Enforcement of Prohibitions Table 8-3 demonstrates the end use restrictions and prohibitions that will be considered for mandatory penalties, charges or other enforcement action. In response to emergency conservation resolution 2015- 0032 adopted by the SWRCB the city council adopted Ordinance 1462 (Appendix M) amending Arcata Municipal Code Section at section 7741.5 to implement emergency mandatory water conservation measures. Ordinance 1462 included water conservation measures to prevent the waste and unreasonable use of water and to promote water conservation by prohibiting specific water use activities. Ordinance 1462 expired on February 28, 2016, as the state emerged from the 2012-2016 drought. It anticipated that a similar measure would be adopted if warranted based on drought, water supply conditions and state mandates. A copy of the City’s draft Water Shortage Emergency Resolution to implement the City’s Water Shortage Contingency Plan is attached as Appendix L. The City will take an escalating enforcement response approach to violations of end use prohibitions including education and outreach, issuing a verbal and/or written warning, penalty assessment, and finally water service termination (on a case-by-case basis).

8.6 Supply Augmentation
In HBMWD’s WSCP it was determined that if the next five years were as dry as the driest five-year period on record (1990-1994) the minimum available supply would be greater than the full reservoir level of 15,651 MG for each year. The City has a contractual peak rate allocation of 3.0 MGD with HBMWD.

Since data provided by HBMWD indicates that the minimum water supply available to HBMWD customers for the next five years exceeds the full reservoir level for each year, there are no anticipated restrictions on available water supply from HBMWD and the City can rely on having its full peak rate allocation available for the 2025 planning period. Due to the aforementioned factors and a lack of other easily available sources of potable water, the City does not have plans for supply augmentation (Table 8- 2).

8.7 Determining Water Shortage Reductions
The City has water meters in place at all interconnection locations and at Heindon Groundwater Well, and telemetry equipment which provides data on storage tank levels throughout the distribution system. To determine the actual reductions in use of water during a water shortage the City will use its Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system and daily meter reads to monitor distribution to its customers on a daily basis. In the event of a power outage, the City has auxiliary power generators as standby sources of power. Therefore, the SCADA system will continue operating during power outages.

In the event that the SCADA system is inoperable, the City will continue to monitor water distribution by manually reading all transfer location water meters and water storage levels on a daily basis. Water shortage reductions will be determined by comparing post-drought consumption rates to pre-drought consumption rates for the same period.

8.8 Revenue and Expenditure Impacts
In 2020, the City altered its rate structure, shifting from a complex multi-tiered structure to a single volumetric rate aligned with cost of service and Proposition 218 requirements. This equalizes volume charges for all customer classes and all water use. This new rate structure caused rates to go up for some customers and down for others as the rates were recalibrated. This modification was made because the former rate structure was complex, did not accurately reflect the cost of service, and to align with requirements set forth in Proposition 218. Customers in the JCWD are billed on an independent rate structure with a single rate for all connection types. As water use in the Service Area decreases through both voluntary and mandatory reductions, so does the total revenue that the City collects. Base rate charges

49 will remain consistent, providing reliable revenue for the water system. Revenue decreases resulting from water use reduction is difficult to quantify due to factors which must be accounted for when determining consumption generated revenue including structured rate increases and changing consumption habits.

With less water distributed there will be less revenue generated. However, cost to maintain treatment and distribution systems will remain consistent. Long-term water shortage conditions may contribute significantly to budget shortfalls.

8.9 Resolution or Ordinance
The City will enact, by resolution, the City’s Water Shortage Contingency Plan. The WSCP will be made available to customers and any city or county where it provides water within 30 days after adoption of the plan by posting to the City’s website and by hard copy at Arcata City Hall.

8.10 Catastrophic Supply Interruption
The Service Area may be vulnerable to catastrophic supply interruptions due to regional events, events affecting HBMWD facilities, and events affecting City infrastructure. The catastrophic supply interruption plan for HBMWD is detailed in HBMWD’s WSCP. As a regional partner with HBMWD, the City would cooperate with any action or plan implemented by HBMWD in response to a catastrophic event. The City of Arcata Water System Emergency Response Plan provides response procedures for catastrophic supply interruptions such as an earthquake, an act of terrorism, a flood that infiltrates system facilities and sources, a hazardous chemical spill, a storm that damages the power grid, or a mudslide or earth shift that causes failure of transmission or loss of water in the well or transmission line from HBMWD. The Emergency Response Plan also provides response procedures for routine, minor, and significant emergencies. In addition to the Water System Emergency Response Plan the City developed a Risk and Resiliency Assessment (RRA) in accordance with the America’s Water Infrastructure Act of 2018. Both are scheduled for recertification in 2026.

50 Chapter 9. Demand Management Measures
Water conservation is defined as any action taken to reduce water consumption or loss of available supply for use. Demand management refers to a subset of conservation methods a water supplier may undertake to reduce demand on the water system. Demand management is an integral part of sustainably managing water resources in California. As population continues to grow, demand for water typically increases. This increase in water demand, coupled with reduced supplies or shifts in supplies because of climate change and other factors, can jeopardize water reliability if no mitigation is in place. To better prepare for and reduce effects caused by these situations, implementing water-use DMMs help lower water demands that can improve the water service reliability and help meet state and regional water conservation goals.

Reducing demands can also benefit suppliers by reducing energy costs, putting the Supplier in a better position for its future water security.

The Service Area and the surrounding region is one of the few geographic regions in California with a local abundance of water. This has meant that drought, while just as severe climatically, has not led to the same level of supply shortfall experienced in other parts of the State. However, residents are very aware and concerned about the importance of water conservation. The 2020 target water use of 113 GPCD was already being met in the Service Area when the 2010 UWMP was adopted. Through conservation efforts and implementation of DMMs, demand in the Service Area further decreased to 94 GPCD in 2015 and 84 in 2020.

Per capita water use likely benefits from the relatively wet and cool climate. Individual agricultural and landscaping water needs are often provided through precipitation events rather than municipal water.

Service Area residents possess a high commitment to environmental stewardship and are active participants in various resource and planning discussions. Many individuals have integrated water conservation as part of their lifestyle without government involvement and are committed to preserving and protecting the natural environment.

The City of Arcata is committed to environmental stewardship. The General Plan clearly states the vision of the community:
“We pride ourselves on our continuing efforts to preserve the unique, natural beauty within and around the City, and are committed to living sustainably within Arcata’s resource base. We will prevent pollution, protect the environment, meet climate goals, and conserve water, wastewater, energy, and land so they may be enjoyed several generations into the future. We promote compact growth to maintain a permanent greenbelt, and preserve our marsh and wildlife sanctuary, community forest, and trails.”

9.1 Demand Management Measures for Retail Agencies

9.1.1 Water Waste Prevention Ordinances
Arcata Municipal Code, Title VII -Public Works, Chapter 3-Water, Section 7741 states “no customer shall permit leaks or waste of water. Where water is wastefully or negligently used on a customer’s premises, seriously affecting the general service, the Public Works Department may discontinue the service if such conditions are not corrected”.

In response to emergency conservation resolution 2015-0032 adopted by the SWRCB the city council adopted Ordinance 1462 (Appendix M) amending Arcata Municipal Code Section at section 7741.5 to

51 implement emergency mandatory water conservation measures. Ordinance 1462 included water conservation measures to prevent the waste and unreasonable use of water and to promote water conservation by prohibiting specific water use activities. Ordinance 1462 expired on February 28, 2016, as the state emerged from the 2012-2016 drought. It anticipated that a similar measure would be adopted if warranted based on drought, water supply conditions and state mandates.

9.1.2 Metering
CWC 527 requires an urban water supplier that does not receive water from the federal Central Valley Project to install water meters on all municipal and industrial service connections located within its service area on or before January 1, 2025. As of the end of 2025, all residential, commercial, industrial, institutional and City water connections are metered and meters are read, at least annually, to account for all water deliveries. The JCWD system meter does not produce reliable flow readings during low flow periods and is therefore under counting the volume of water delivered to the JCWD. Actual and projected demands for the JCWD are based on customer meter data.

The City has a meter testing replacement program. Meters three-inches and larger are regularly maintained and tested. Residential meters and meters smaller than three-inches are replaced when they are suspected of leaking or misreading. Meter calibration and replacement is an important activity since propeller-type meters underreport usage as they age. Maintaining meter accuracy is an important component of water use accounting and ensures fairness in rates and charges to customers. When a meter is replaced, each meter is cataloged by type and size of meter, and date and location of installation. This information allows the City to more easily identify customers and areas in need of meter replacement. The City will continue to support meter testing and replacement programs through program funding. Additionally the City has a remote meter read installation program in progress. This will assist City staff in identifying leaks in real time.

9.1.3 Conservation Pricing
The City does not have, nor does it have plans to enact conservation pricing. If it is deemed necessary, practicable, and lawful to achieve conservation through monetary incentive, the City would consider declaring a water shortage to trigger a stage of action in the WSCP which allows for monetary fines/penalties for violations of water use restrictions and prohibitions.

9.1.4 Public Education and Outreach
Public education and outreach efforts have been the City’s primary focus to reduce demand on the water system. This has been the primary focus, because daily water use data indicate that customers in the service have very little discretionary water use (94 GPCD in 2015, 84 GPCD in 2020, 77 GPCD) and public education and outreach was determined to be the most effective means of reducing water demand. In addition to public education and outreach activities, the City participates in regional public education and outreach events with municipal suppliers in the northern Humboldt Bay region (Northcoast Region Conservation Group (conservation group)). The conservation group, which functions when the region is experiencing drought conditions, consists of representatives from the Cities of Eureka and Arcata, HBMWD, and the Humboldt and McKinleyville Community Services Districts, and was formed with the intention of sharing resources, including the cost of program implementation, and to provide a consistent conservation message throughout the region, which in large part shares the same water supply.

52 Public education and outreach activities implemented by the City or conservation group include:
 Water Ads. The City participated in a water conservation radio ad campaign consisting of 30- second radio ads highlighting different water conservation messages for broadcast on three local radio stations over two six-month periods (May – October) in 2014 and 2015. The City continued to support this outreach activity in 2016 and will evaluate the need for this program in the future based on drought and water supply conditions.
 Tabling/informational displays at public events. In 2014 and 2015, the conservation group entered an informational display at the annual Humboldt County Fair. The display consisted of a variety of water education and conservation information. In 2015, the display was awarded the Best of Show award for the adult feature exhibit category. City staff tabled at several Farmer’s Market events in 2015 to provide educational materials about water conservation. In 2016, the conservation group participated in the “Party for the Planet” event at the Sequoia Park Zoo and the annual Humboldt County Fair. The conservation group and the City will continue to identify tabling/informational display opportunities in the community.  Water Week. Arcata City Council proclaimed the first Water Week in May of 2015, in celebration of the beneficial uses of water. This event was held annually during the first week of May from 2015-2019. The event was cancelled in 2020 due to COVID-19 restrictions but has been held from 2021-2025. Water week activities included a youth poster contest, water and wastewater facility tours, a scavenger hunt game with prizes for kids and adults, classroom presentations, and a booth at the Arcata Farmer’s Market (Figure 5).
 Presentations. Representatives of the water conservation group prepared a PowerPoint presentation focusing on water conservation for community groups. Presentations were made to local chapters of the Daughters of the American Revolution and Soroptimist International. This outreach activity may be implemented only when the region is experiencing drought conditions or state mandate requires conservation activity.
 Print ads and conservation materials. To comply with the State’s emergency water conservation reduction requirement (4 percent reduction required), the City printed a variety of materials for distribution and use throughout the community. In addition to conservation messages printed in local newspapers, the City produced water conservation signs for display around the community, and conservation table-tents for use in local restaurants. The City will continue to evaluate the effectiveness of these activities. These activities are most effective for targeting specific behavioral changes, such as serving water only upon request in restaurants. This outreach activity may be implemented only when the region is experiencing drought conditions or state mandate requires conservation activity.
 Promoting state programs. The City recognizes that California’s “Save our Water” program is a valuable free resource for conservation information and materials. The City actively promotes the program by providing links to https://saveourwater.com/ and saveourwaterrebates.com on the City website, Facebook page, and printed materials. The City primarily used graphics from the Save Our Water Toolkit for public education and outreach events. This outreach activity may be implemented only when the region is experiencing drought conditions or state mandate requires conservation activity.

53 Figure 5: Water Week Tabling and Outreach at the 2025 Arcata Farmer’s Market

9.1.5 Programs to Assess and Manage Distribution System Real Loss Distribution system real loss is defined by the AWWA as “physical water losses from the pressurized system (water mains and customer service connections) and the utility’s storage tanks, up to the point of customer consumption. In metered systems this is the customer meter, in unmetered situations this is the first point of consumption (stop tap/tap) within the property. The annual volume lost through all types of leaks, breaks and overflows depends on frequencies, flow rates, and average duration of individual leaks, breaks and overflows”.

The City utilized AWWA’s Free Water Audit Software to conduct a water audit for the Service Area for calendar year 2025. The results of the water audit are discussed in Section 4.3 Distribution System Water Losses. The City will use the results of the audit to prioritize projects which will address distribution system losses (real and apparent). Results of the water audit conducted in 2025 indicate priority should be given to metering issues. This area of concern will largely be addressed through actions discussed in section 9.1.2 Metering. Other areas of water loss will be addressed as the City continues to place priority on identifying and repairing distribution system and service connection leaks.

The City will conduct a water audit using AWWA free water audit software every year, in conjunction with annual water audit reporting requirements. Results of water audits will be used, in part, to identify real and apparent losses and to prioritize projects to reduce real water loss.

9.1.6 Water Conservation Program Coordination and Staffing Support Water conservation programming is the responsibility of the City of Arcata Director of Environmental Services. Although overall responsibility resides with the Director, there is a team of management and staff members from multiple departments working together to address water conservation efforts in the Service Area. Staffing support includes department directors, deputy directors, and supervisors from the

54 Environmental Services and Finance Departments, environmental compliance and environmental programs staff, water treatment and distribution staff, and other Environmental Services Department staff.

The primary focus of water conservation program activities conducted over the past five years has been to prevent water waste. The city has an active program to identify and fix leaks, including evaluation of customer meter data (to flag for high water use as compared to the previous month) and notification to the customer of a potential customer side leak. Further efforts include a steel water line replacement project and implementation of remote water metering. These actions are expected to reduce real and apparent water loss. Additionally, water storage tanks are continually evaluated, and actions are taken to reduce tank overflow and leaks. Finally, there is continued coordination between water system staff and the City’s finance department staff to streamline nomenclature and account classification methods for improved water use tracking by sector.

55 Chapter 10. Plan Adoption, Submittal, and Implementation Appendix B includes a copy of the following notification documents:
 Notice of public hearing letter to affected water agencies and Humboldt County  Certificate of publication of legal notice of public hearing  Notice of adopted plan availability to affected water agencies and Humboldt County Appendix N includes a copy of the following adoption, submittal and implementation documents  City of Arcata staff report to Arcata City Council
 Resolution No. 156-55 Adopting The City of Arcata 2025 Urban Water Management Plan  Cover letter to the California State Library

10.1 Inclusion of all 2025 Data
The 2025 UWMP includes water use and planning data for the entire year of 2025. Water use data for calendar year 2025, planning data (i.e. population and demand projections) and calendar year 2025 water audit data are presented in Appendices E, F, and G.

10.2 Notice of Public Hearing
Notice of public hearing was provided to the JCWD, HBMWD, HCSD, Humboldt County, City of Eureka and MCSD. (Table 10-1).

Pursuant to Section 6066 of the Government Code Notice of Public Hearing was published in the Mad River Union on May 27, 2026 and June 3, 2026 and was posted at Arcata City Hall. The 2025 UWMP was available for public review at Arcata City Hall and https://www.cityofarcata.org/326/Drinking-Water.

Table 0-1 Retail: Notification to Cities and Counties

City Name 60 Day Notice Notice of Public
Hearing
Jacoby Creek Water
District Yes Yes
Humboldt Bay
Municipal Water
District
Yes Yes
McKinleyville
Community Services
District
Yes Yes
City of Eureka Yes Yes
Humbold Community
Services District Yes Yes
County Name
Drop Down List 60 Day Notice Notice of Public
Hearing
Humboldt County Yes Yes
Submittal Table 10-1 Retail: Notification to Cities and Counties
Water Code Section 10621(b) and 10642

56 10.3 Public Hearing and Adoption
A public meeting was held on June 3, 2026 during a regularly scheduled City Council meeting to receive input on the 2025 UWMP and WSCP. The plans were adopted on June 3, 2026 in Resolution No. 201-59:

Resolution to Adopt the City of Arcata Urban Water Management Plan.

10.4 Plan Submittal
The City of Arcata 2025 UWMP plan shall be submitted to DWR within 30-days of adoption and in no case later than July 1, 2026. Submittal of the 2025 UWMP shall be through DWR’s Water Use Efficiency data online submittal tool.

10.5 Public Availability
The adopted 2025 UWMP shall be available for public review on the City’s website at https://www.cityofarcata.org/326/Drinking-Water. The adopted plan is also available for review at Arcata City Hall, Environmental Services Department, 736 F Street, Arcata, CA 95521. An electronic (CD) or hard-copy of the adopted plan shall be submitted to the California State Library no later than 30-days after adoption. Affected water agencies and Humboldt County shall be notified, by letter, of document availability.

10.6 Amending an Adopted UWMP
Any changes to the 2025 UWMP shall be adopted by the Arcata City Council. All notification, public hearing, adoptions, and submittal requirements (including submittal of a revised WSCP to DWR within 30 days) shall be followed for an amended plan.

Appendix A
UWMP 2025 Checklist Arranged By Subject

Appendix B
Coordination and Outreach Documents

736 F Street, Arcata, CA 95521
City Manager
(707) 822-5953
Police
(707) 822-2428
Recreation
(707) 822-7091
Community Development
(707) 822-5955
Finance
(707) 822-5951
Transportation
(707) 822-3775
Environmental Services
Streets/Utilities
(707) 822-5957
Environmental Services
Community Services
(707) 822-8184
Engineering
& Building
(707) 825-2128

FIRST-CLASS
April 1, 2026
TO: Michiko Mares, Humboldt Bay Municipal Water District John Ford, Humboldt County Planning Department
Wayne Palmrose, Jacoby Creek Water District
James Henry, McKinleyville Community Services District
Michael Hansen, City of Eureka
Terrence Williams, Humboldt Community Services District Re: Notice Regarding Review of the City of Arcata Urban Water Management Plan California Water Code (CWC) 10621(b) requires an urban water supplier preparing an Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) to notify any city or county within which the supplier provides water supplies that the urban water supplier will be reviewing the plan and considering amendments or changes to the plan. CWC further requires each urban water supplier to coordinate the preparation of its UWMP with other appropriate area agencies including other water suppliers that share the same water sources, water management agencies, and other relevant public agencies.

This letter is notice to your agency that the City of Arcata is in the process of reviewing and updating its UWMP. As with the 2020 UWMP, the City of Arcata is reviewing and updating its 2025 UWMP in collaboration with Humboldt Bay Municipal Water District, the City of Eureka, Humboldt Community Services District, and McKinleyville Community Services District. If your agency would like to provide input, be involved in the review process, or if you have any questions, please contact me at (707) 822-8184 or [email protected].

Sincerely,
Doug Culbert
Deputy Director of Environmental Services, Streets & Utilities City of Arcata
cc: Merritt Perry, City Manager
Emily Sinkhorn, Director of Environmental Services
Rachel Hernandez, Wastewater Operations and Compliance Manager Scott Sinnott, Environmental Compliance Analyst

From: Scott Sinnott
To: "Annmarie Behan"
Subject: City of Arcata Demand Projections-Final Projections Date: Wednesday, April 29, 2026 12:07:00 PM
Attachments: City of Arcata_2025 UWMP Table 4-2R_Final.xlsx image002.png
To: Annmarie Behan
California Water Code (CWC) 10631(j) requires an urban water supplier preparing an Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) to notify their wholesale supplier with water use projections from that agency for that source of water in five-year increments to 20 years or as far as data is available. This email is to inform Humboldt Bay Municipal Water District of the water demand projections for the City of Arcata for water purchased from Humboldt Bay Municipal Water District through the year 2050.

Based on the data presented in the City of Arcata 2025 Urban Water Management Plan the City projects the following demands for potable water from Humboldt Bay Municipal Water District through the year 2050. See attachment for a more detailed projection of demands broken into water use sectors (Table 4-2 from UWMP).

Scott Sinnott
Environmental Compliance Analyst
City of Arcata
736 F Street
Arcata, CA 95521
707-825-2140

Appendix C
General Plan Land Use 2025 Map

H u m b o l d t B a y
Valley West
Craftsman Mall
Gateway Area
Downtown
NR
A-E
NR
PF
I-G
NR
NR
A-E
A-E
A-E
NR
A-E
R-VL
A-E
R-VL
A-E
R-M
PF

PF R-VL
I-L
NR
I-L
PF
NR
PF
I-L
R-VL
PF
R-VL
I-L
A-E
I-L
I-L
NR
NR
R-L
R-VL
PF
NR
I-G
PF
C-M
A-E
C-M
R-L
I-L
R-M
R-L
PF
NR
I-L
I-L
PF
R-VL
R-VL
R-M
PF
R-M
C-M
PF
PF
C-M
PF
A-E
R-M
R-L
PF
A-R
R-H
R-M
R-H
R-H
A-R
R-H
I-G
I-L
I-L
C-M
C-M
NR
R-VL
PF
R-M
PF
I-L
Source: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics, and the GIS User Community ´
0 0.5 1 Miles
City of Arcata General Plan
Land Use Map
City of Arcata
Coastal Zone
Infill Opportunity Zones
Land Use
Agriculture Exclusive (A-E)
Agricultue Residential (A-R)
Commercial Central (C-C)
Commercial Mixed (C-M)
Industrial General (I-G)
Industrial Limited (I-L)
Natural Resource (NR)
Public Facility (PF)
Residential Very Low Density (R-VL)
Residential Low Density (R-L)
Residential Medium Density (R-M)
Residential High Density (R-H)
Created by Planwest Partners
Map Date: 5/2/2024
Figure LU-a

Appendix D
City of Arcata and Jacoby Creek Water District
Service Area Boundary Map

Appendix E
Population Estimate Discussion

Population projections were made based on the 2020 census data for the City of Arcata. The City of Arcata’s population in 2020 according to the U.S Census Bureau was 18,900. This figure is used in the City of Arcata’s General Plan 2045 and was used by the City for the General Plan’s future population projections.

We have elected to use this population estimate from 2020 to align our projections with the City’s General Plan. In 2020 there were 5268 residential connections within the City of Arcata’s city limits. This includes single family and multi-family residences. Dividing the population in 2020 by the number of connections results in 3.588 persons per connection (18,900/5268 connections). This number is very close to the person’s per connection of 3.458 calculated in 2015 using census block data from 2010, so we have elected to use this updated ratio to calculate service area population for 2020 and for future population projections.

The City of Arcata’s service area includes connections that are outside city limits (outside), in 2020 this totaled 219 connections. There is very little room for growth in the areas in which these connections are located so there is little to no expected increase in connections in the “outside” category. The City also supplies and manages the distribution system for the Jacoby Creek Water District. The number of service connections for the JCWD in 2020 was 330. This area is expected to grow and this growth is reflected in population projections.

Estimated service area population for 2020:

City of Arcata within city limits: 5268 x 3.588 = 18,902 City of Arcata outside: 219 x 3.588 = 786
JCWD: 330 x 3.588 = 1184
Total Service Area Population in 2020 = 20,872

Using the ratio of 3.588 persons per connection, total number of connections in 2025 and projected rates of increase in connections yields the following population projections for 2045:

City of Arcata within City limits: 31,740
City of Arcata outside: 764
JCWD: 127
Total Service Area Population in 2045: 33,781

The projected population for the City of Arcata within City limits over estimates the population projected in the Arcata General Plan 2045 by 4,739 people. We have elected to use this higher number to be conservative in our population and demand estimates (i.e. projecting higher growth and usage to allow for a buffer). This method was approved by DWR on 5/5/2026. See attach email discussion below.

From: DWR UWMP Help
To: Scott Sinnott
Cc: DWR UWMP Help
Subject: Re: City of Arcata Population Projections
Date: Tuesday, May 5, 2026 3:40:10 PM
Attachments: Outlook-gwkhme3g.png
CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe.

Dear Scott,
Thank you for reaching out. The method outlined in the original email sent to Gwen Huff looks good to us, and your updated population numbers look reasonable to us.

While we are actively updating the population tool on the WUEData portal, the requirements for estimating your customer population haven't changed with the 2025 UWMP updates. And whether you use the updated population tool is entirely optional.

Furthermore, we support your choice to go with a slightly more conservative population estimate (the larger population estimate) as compared to the population forecasted in Arcata's General Plan. Either forecast would have been acceptable for UWMP requirements, but we are glad to know that experts like you, who are familiar with the local context, are able to use their expertise to make an informed decision adopt the more conservative estimate.

Best,
Zachary Burt
From: Scott Sinnott <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, May 4, 2026 9:10 AM
To: DWR UWMP Help <[email protected]>
Subject: City of Arcata Population Projections
Hello,
I am checking in to confirm that our method of projecting population for the 2025 UWMP is adequate for the 2025 update.

Population projections were made based on the 2020 census data for the City of Arcata. The City of Arcata’s population in 2020 according to the U.S Census Bureau was 18,900. This figure is used in the City of Arcata’s General Plan 2045 and was used by the City for the General Plan’s future population projections.

We have elected to use this population estimate from 2020 to align our projections with the City’s General Plan. In 2020 there were 5268 residential connections within the City of Arcata’s city limits. This includes single family and multi-family residences. Dividing the population in 2020 by the number of connections results in 3.588 persons per connection (18,900/5268 connections). This number is very close to the person’s per connection of 3.458 calculated in 2015 using census block data from 2010 (see attached for discussion with DWR.

Due to turnover in the City’s GIS department, the method used in 2015 is unavailable for the 2025 update), so we have elected to use this updated ratio to calculate service area population for 2020 and for future population projections.

The City of Arcata’s service area includes connections that are outside city limits (outside), in 2020 this totaled 219 connections. There is very little room for growth in the areas in which these connections are located so there is little to no expected increase in connections in the outside category. The City also supplies and manages the distribution system for the Jacoby Creek Water District. The number of service connections for the JCWD in 2020 was 330. This area is expected to grow and this growth is reflected in population projections.

Estimated service area population for 2020:

City of Arcata within city limits: 5268 x 3.588 = 18,902 City of Arcata outside: 219 x 3.588 = 786
JCWD: 330 x 3.588 = 1184
Total Service Area Population in 2020 = 20,872
The City of Arcata General Plan 2045 projects a maximum population of 27,000 in 2045. Using the ratio of 3.588 persons per connection, total number of connections in 2025 and projected rates of increase in connections yields the following population projections for 2045:

City of Arcata within City limits: 31,739
City of Arcata outside: 764
JCWD: 1277
Total Service Area Population in 2045: 33,780
The projected population for the City of Arcata within City limits over estimates the population projected in the Arcata General Plan 2045 by 4,739 people. We have elected to use this higher number to be conservative in our population and demand estimates (i.e.. projecting higher growth and usage to allow for a buffer).

Thank you for reviewing and providing feedback on our method of projecting population. If I can provide more details on our methods for projecting population for the 2025 UWMP, please do not hesitate to contact me.

Scott Sinnott
Environmental Compliance Analyst
City of Arcata
736 F Street
Arcata, CA 95521
707-825-2140

Appendix F
Population Projections

Year
COA # of
Connections
COA Persons/
connection
COA
Population
JCWD # of
Connections
JCWD
Persons/connection
JCWD
population
Service Area
Population
2020 5,268 3.588 18,902 330 3.719 1,227 20,129
2021 5,252 3.588 18,844 331 3.719 1,231 20,075
2022 5,318 3.588 19,081 331 3.719 1,231 20,312
2023 5,341 3.588 19,164 335 3.719 1,246 20,409
2024 5,338 3.588 19,153 335 3.719 1,246 20,399
2025 5,556 3.588 19,935 336 3.719 1,250 21,185
2026 5,625 3.588 20,183 336 3.719 1,250 21,432
2027 5,695 3.588 20,434 337 3.719 1,253 21,687
2028 5,766 3.588 20,688 338 3.719 1,257 21,945
2029 5,838 3.588 20,945 339 3.719 1,261 22,206
2030 5,910 3.588 21,206 340 3.719 1,265 22,470
2031 5,984 3.588 21,470 341 3.719 1,269 22,738
2032 6,058 3.588 21,737 342 3.719 1,272 23,009
2033 6,133 3.588 22,007 343 3.719 1,276 23,283
2034 6,210 3.588 22,281 344 3.719 1,280 23,561
2035 6,287 3.588 22,558 345 3.719 1,284 23,842
2036 6,365 3.588 22,838 346 3.719 1,288 24,126
2037 6,444 3.588 23,123 347 3.719 1,292 24,414
2038 6,525 3.588 23,410 348 3.719 1,295 24,706
2039 6,606 3.588 23,701 349 3.719 1,299 25,001
2040 6,688 3.588 23,996 350 3.719 1,303 25,299
2041 6,771 3.588 24,295 351 3.719 1,307 25,602
2042 6,855 3.588 24,597 353 3.719 1,311 25,908
2043 6,941 3.588 24,903 354 3.719 1,315 26,218
2044 7,027 3.588 25,213 355 3.719 1,319 26,532
2045 7,114 3.588 25,526 356 3.719 1,323 26,849
2046 7,203 3.588 25,844 357 3.719 1,327 27,171
2047 7,293 3.588 26,166 358 3.719 1,331 27,497
2048 7,383 3.588 26,491 359 3.719 1,335 27,826
2049 7,475 3.588 26,821 360 3.719 1,339 28,160
2050 7,568 3.588 27,155 361 3.719 1,343 28,498
COA 2020-2025 population derived from actual number of service connections (from service and report records multiplied by the persons/connection calculated for year 2020.

JCWD 2020-2025 population calculated based on projected growth rate in 2020 Jacoby Creek County Water District Municipal Services Review and Sphere of Influence Update.

Number of service connections for COA and JCWD derived from previous years' average number of connections (2020-2025).

Population derived from number of service connections multiplied by persons per connection calculated for year 2020.

Appendix G
Water Demand Projections

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Mgallons Single Family 14.5 18.8 16.8 19.6 18.6 16.5 18.3 11.6 14.9 16.8 15.2 13.4 194.9 Multifamily 10.0 12.6 11.4 13.3 12.7 11.8 13.1 8.5 10.5 11.2 10.5 9.2 134.9 Commercial 8.1 10.3 9.2 10.8 10.4 9.6 10.7 6.9 8.6 9.2 8.5 7.5 109.9 Industrial 1.5 1.9 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.4 20.0 Institutional 4.0 5.1 4.6 5.4 5.1 4.8 5.3 3.5 4.3 4.5 4.2 3.7 54.6 Sold to another PWS 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.6 3.0 2.2 2.1 1.4 1.8 1.5 23.0 total billed 537.3
well 2.2
purchased 642.3
total into system 644.5
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Mgallons Single Family 18.1 16.5 20.1 17.6 17.1 19.1 18.7 21.3 24.2 20.3 21.8 19.4 234.3 Multifamily 6.5 6.1 7.2 6.5 6.3 7.1 7.0 8.2 9.0 7.4 7.9 7.1 86.4 Commercial 5.4 5.0 6.0 5.4 5.2 5.8 5.8 6.7 7.4 6.1 6.5 5.9 71.3 Industrial 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.7 20.7 Institutional 2.3 2.1 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.9 3.1 2.6 2.8 2.5 30.2 Sold to another PWS 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.7 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.9 2.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 21.5 total billed 464.4
well 0.0
purchased 607.5
total into system 607.5
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Mgallons Single Family 15.2 16.0 14.8 15.9 19.2 18.7 15.6 16.0 19.4 17.4 17.0 15.7 200.7 Multifamily 6.0 6.3 6.2 6.6 7.6 7.2 6.0 6.1 7.3 6.9 7.4 6.7 80.3 Commercial 4.7 6.2 4.8 6.5 7.9 8.4 8.5 7.8 9.3 7.3 7.1 7.2 85.4 Industrial 1.7 2.3 2.4 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 26.4 Institutional 1.6 3.7 3.2 4.2 3.4 2.2 1.8 2.3 5.1 4.2 4.4 3.0 39.0 Sold to another PWS 1.2 2.3 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.4 1.4 19.0 total billed 450.9
well 0.0
purchased 585.3
total into system 585.3
Sector Use History 2015-2025
2015
2020
2025

Sector
# of
Accounts
2015
# of
Accounts
2020
# of
Accounts
2025
Actual
Change in
Number of
Accounts per
Sector (% per
year) 2015-
2020
Actual Change
in Number of
Accounts per
Sector(% per
year) 2020-
2025
Actual Change
in Number of
Accounts per
Sector (% per
year) 2015-
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
single family 4672 5227 5297 2.2% 0.27% 1.3% 5368 5440 5512 5586 5661 multi-family 583 259 259
commercial 572 620 664 1.6% 1.4% 1.5% 745 836 938 1053 1181 industrial 67 74 80 2.0% 1.6% 1.8% 87 95 104 114 124
institutional 40 43 47 1.4% 1.8% 1.6% 51 56 61 67 73
sold to another PWS 326 330 335 0.2% 0.3% 0.3% 340 345 350 356 361 Total # of Accounts 6260 6553 6682 6592 6772 6966 7175 7400 Number of Accounts Projected per Sector
For further discussion on projections see Notes on following page actual average percent change higlighted in green used for projection calculations

# of
accounts
Total
Volume
Used
gallons/
account/
year
Anticipated
Average
Annual
Growth Rate Basis 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
single family 5297 200.7 0.0379 1.3%
Actual Change in Number of
Accounts per Sector (% per
year) 2015-2025 213.7 227.4 242.1 257.6 274.2
multi-family 259 80.3 0.3102 1.0%
Projected Growth based on City
of Arcata General Plan 84.4 88.7 93.3 98.0 103.0
commercial 664 85.4 0.1287 2.33%
North Coast Region
employment projections for
2022-2032 95.9 107.6 120.7 135.4 152.0
industrial 80 26.4 0.3303 1.8%
Actual Change in Number of
Accounts per Sector (% per
year) 2015-2025 28.8 31.5 34.4 37.6 41.0
institutional 47 39.0 0.8294 1.8%
Actual Change in Number of
Accounts per Sector (% per
year) 2020-2025 42.6 46.5 50.8 55.5 60.6
sold to
another PWS 335 19.0 0.0566 0.3%
Actual Change in Number of
Accounts per Sector (% per
year) 2015-2025 19.3 19.5 19.8 20.1 20.4
Real Losses
(City of
Arcata) 6347 112.2 0.0177
2028 Water Loss Standard:

18.2 GPSCPD 45.1 48.3 51.8 55.5 59.4
Apparent
Losses (City
of Arcata) 6347 9.684 0.0015
2028 Water Loss Standard:

12.0 GPSCPD 29.8 31.9 34.1 36.6 39.2
Losses
(Jacoby Creek
Water 335 2.083 0.0062
total number of accounts x
loss/account 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2

SECTOR USE/ACCOUNT
(based on 2025 use)
Notes:

Demand Projections (based on calculated sector
use/account and the anticipated average annual growth
rate)
For demand projections we opted to use the volume by usage per account and account change calculation for projecting water demand figures.

For single family and multifamily residential connections the growth rate/volume by percentage change is a negative number for nearly all periods analyzed.

This is likely due to ongoing changes in the way people use water, conservation efforts, and building and plumbing codes which call for more efficient water use standards. Similar trends hold true for the other sectors, likely for similar reasons.

We used a single family growth rate of 1.3% for COA, which is the actual growth rate of single family service connections from 2015-2025. We used a multifamily growth rate of 1% for multi-family housing. This growth rate aligns with the City of Arcata General Plan's projected growth rate of 1-1.4%. We used a single family growth rate of 0.3% for JCWD, which is the actual growth rate from 2015-2025.

Economic forcasts for the north coast region (2022-2032 Industry Employment Projections) predict a commercial growth rate of 2.33% for (retail trade, leisure and hospitality, accomodation and food services). While tourism is an important economic factor the a majority of the water use associated with tourism is likely accounted for in other places (e.g. more commercial restaurants, more home rentals, ect.). Using the predicted growth rate of 2.33% will be a conservative estimate of future water usage (will overpredict water usage).

Economic forcasts for the north coast region (2022-2032 Industry Employment Projections) predict a manufacturing and goods producing growth rate of 4.5%.

The trend in the City has been a low but steady growth in industry and this is expected to remain steady due to the availability of industrial parcels. This projection likely also included a proposed fish farm and wind energy production facility. Both of which would be located outside of the city of Arcata (the city would not supply water to the facilities). The 1.8% Actual Annual Growth Rate for 2015-2025 is likely an accurate prediction of commercial account growth since the growth rate has been similar for 2015-2020 and 2020-2025.

Economic forcasts for the northcoast region (2022-2032 Industry Employment Projections) predict an instituational growth rate of 16.5% for educational service, health care and social assistance. This number disagrees with the actual annual growth rate we are currently experiening (for 2020-2025) likely because most of the growth in this sector has and will occur around the primary health-care center of the region in the nearby city of Eureka. Institutional water use in the city will likely increase due to projected enrollment increases at CalPoly Humboldt. The 1.8% Growth Rate from 2020-2025 is similar to the growth rates of 1.4% for 2015-2020 and 1.6% for 2015-2025 and is likely a good prediction of the future growth of this sector in Arcata.

Appendix H
2020-2025 Water Audits

Water Audit Report for:

Reporting Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR Master Meter and Supply Error Adjustments
WATER SUPPLIED Pcnt: Value:

Volume from own sources: n/a 0.000 MG/Yr MG/Yr
Water imported: 5 615.000 MG/Yr 9 -0.13% MG/Yr
Water exported: 1 21.547 MG/Yr n/a MG/Yr
Enter negative % or value for under-registration
WATER SUPPLIED: 594.254 MG/Yr Enter positive % or value for over-registration .

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
Billed metered: 7 464.441 MG/Yr
Billed unmetered: n/a 0.000 MG/Yr
Unbilled metered: 1 7.161 MG/Yr Pcnt: Value:

Unbilled unmetered: 4 7.428 MG/Yr 1.25% MG/Yr
AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION: 479.030 MG/Yr
WATER LOSSES (Water Supplied - Authorized Consumption) 115.223 MG/Yr Apparent Losses Pcnt: Value:

Unauthorized consumption: 4 4.219 MG/Yr 0.25% MG/Yr
Customer metering inaccuracies: 4 5.970 MG/Yr 1.25% MG/Yr Systematic data handling errors: 1.161 MG/Yr 0.25% MG/Yr Apparent Losses: 11.350 MG/Yr
Real Losses (Current Annual Real Losses or CARL)
Real Losses = Water Losses - Apparent Losses: 103.874 MG/Yr WATER LOSSES: 115.223 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATER
NON-REVENUE WATER: 129.813 MG/Yr
= Water Losses + Unbilled Metered + Unbilled Unmetered

SYSTEM DATA
Length of mains: 9 85.5 miles
Number of active AND inactive service connections: 8 6,224 Service connection density: 73 conn./mile main
Yes
Average length of customer service line: ft
Average operating pressure: 3 61.0 psi

COST DATA
Total annual cost of operating water system: 9 $4,152,041 $/Year Customer retail unit cost (applied to Apparent Losses): 4 $6.37 Variable production cost (applied to Real Losses): 9 $2,316.97 $/Million gallons WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE:

PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION:
1: Water imported
2: Unbilled metered
3: Customer metering inaccuracies
Default option selected for Systematic data handling errors - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading score of 10 has been applied Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop or property line? AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

Reporting Worksheet
Default option selected for Unbilled unmetered - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed

0.480
2020 1/2020 - 12/2020
City of Arcata (CA1210001)
<----------- Enter grading in column 'E' and 'J' ----------> Based on the information provided, audit accuracy can be improved by addressing the following components:
$/100 cubic feet (ccf)
Unauthorized consumption volume entered is greater than the recommended default value *** YOUR SCORE IS: 54 out of 100 ***
A weighted scale for the components of consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score

4.219
?
?
?
?
?
? Click to access definition
?
?
?
?
?
?
Please enter data in the white cells below. Where available, metered values should be used; if metered values are unavailable please estimate a value. Indicate your confidence in the accuracy of the input data by grading each component (n/a or 1-10) using the drop-down list to the left of the input cell. Hover the mouse over the cell to obtain a description of the grades ?
?
?
?
?
?
(length of service line, beyond the property
boundary, that is the responsibility of the utility)
Use buttons to select
percentage of water
supplied
OR
value
Click here: ?
for help using option
buttons below
?
?
?
?
+
+ Click to add a comment
WAS v5.0
+
+
+
+
+
+
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2014, All Rights Reserved.
?
?
?
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
?
To select the correct data grading for each input, determine the highest grade where the utility meets or exceeds all criteria for that grade and all grades below it.

Use Customer Retail Unit Cost to value real losses
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Reporting Worksheet 1 Page 333 of 578 Water Audit Report for: City of Arcata (CA1210001)
Reporting Year:

System Attributes:

Apparent Losses: 11.350 MG/Yr
+ Real Losses: 103.874 MG/Yr
= Water Losses: 115.223 MG/Yr
Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL): 31.09 MG/Yr
Annual cost of Apparent Losses: $96,648
Annual cost of Real Losses: $240,672 Valued at Variable Production Cost Performance Indicators:

Non-revenue water as percent by volume of Water Supplied: 21.8% Non-revenue water as percent by cost of operating system: 8.9% Real Losses valued at Variable Production Cost Apparent Losses per service connection per day: 5.00 gallons/connection/day Real Losses per service connection per day: 45.72 gallons/connection/day Real Losses per length of main per day*: N/A
Real Losses per service connection per day per psi pressure: 0.75 gallons/connection/day/psi From Above, Real Losses = Current Annual Real Losses (CARL): 103.87 million gallons/year

3.34 * This performance indicator applies for systems with a low service connection density of less than 32 service connections/mile of pipeline AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

System Attributes and Performance Indicators
*** YOUR WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE IS: 54 out of 100 *** Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) [CARL/UARL]:
2020 1/2020 - 12/2020
Return to Reporting Worksheet to change this assumpiton ?
?
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2014, All Rights Reserved.

WAS v5.0
Financial:

Operational Efficiency:

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Page 334 of 578 Performance Indicators 1 Water Audit Report for:

Reporting Year: 2020 1/2020 - 12/2020
Data Validity Score: 54
Water Exported Revenue Water

21.547 21.547
Billed Metered Consumption (water exported
is removed) Revenue Water
464.441
Own Sources Authorized
Consumption 464.441 Billed Unmetered Consumption 464.441

0.000
479.030 Unbilled Metered Consumption

7.161

0.000 14.589 Unbilled Unmetered Consumption

7.428
System Input Water Supplied Unauthorized Consumption 129.813 615.801 Apparent Losses 4.219
594.254 11.350 Customer Metering Inaccuracies

5.970
Systematic Data Handling Errors
Water Losses 1.161
Water Imported 115.223 Leakage on Transmission and/or Distribution Mains
Real Losses Not broken down
615.801 103.874 Leakage and Overflows at Utility's Storage Tanks
Not broken down
Leakage on Service Connections
Not broken down
AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Water Balance
Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
Billed Authorized Consumption
Unbilled Authorized Consumption
(Adjusted for known
errors)
Billed Water Exported
City of Arcata (CA1210001)
WAS v5.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2014, All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Water Balance 1 Page 335 of 578 Water Audit Report for:

Reporting Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR Master Meter and Supply Error Adjustments
WATER SUPPLIED Pcnt: Value:

Volume from own sources: n/a 0.000 MG/Yr MG/Yr
Water imported: 5 592.971 MG/Yr 9 -0.13% MG/Yr
Water exported: 1 21.646 MG/Yr n/a MG/Yr
Enter negative % or value for under-registration
WATER SUPPLIED: 572.097 MG/Yr Enter positive % or value for over-registration .

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
Billed metered: 7 457.090 MG/Yr
Billed unmetered: n/a 0.000 MG/Yr
Unbilled metered: 7 0.509 MG/Yr Pcnt: Value:

Unbilled unmetered: 4 7.151 MG/Yr 1.25% MG/Yr
AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION: 464.750 MG/Yr
WATER LOSSES (Water Supplied - Authorized Consumption) 107.347 MG/Yr Apparent Losses Pcnt: Value:

Unauthorized consumption: 4 8.268 MG/Yr 0.25% MG/Yr
Customer metering inaccuracies: 4 4.622 MG/Yr 1.00% MG/Yr Systematic data handling errors: 1.143 MG/Yr 0.25% MG/Yr Apparent Losses: 14.033 MG/Yr
Real Losses (Current Annual Real Losses or CARL)
Real Losses = Water Losses - Apparent Losses: 93.314 MG/Yr WATER LOSSES: 107.347 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATER
NON-REVENUE WATER: 115.007 MG/Yr
= Water Losses + Unbilled Metered + Unbilled Unmetered

SYSTEM DATA
Length of mains: 9 86.3 miles
Number of active AND inactive service connections: 9 6,279 Service connection density: 73 conn./mile main
Yes
Average length of customer service line: ft
Average operating pressure: 2 67.0 psi

COST DATA
Total annual cost of operating water system: 9 $3,861,390 $/Year Customer retail unit cost (applied to Apparent Losses): 5 $6.74 Variable production cost (applied to Real Losses): 9 $2,617.30 $/Million gallons WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE:

PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION:
1: Water imported
2: Customer metering inaccuracies
3: Customer retail unit cost (applied to Apparent Losses) Default option selected for Systematic data handling errors - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading score of 10 has been applied Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop or property line? AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

Reporting Worksheet
Default option selected for Unbilled unmetered - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed

0.480
2021 1/2021 - 12/2021
City of Arcata (CA1210001)
<----------- Enter grading in column 'E' and 'J' ----------> Based on the information provided, audit accuracy can be improved by addressing the following components:
$/100 cubic feet (ccf)
Unauthorized consumption volume entered is greater than the recommended default value *** YOUR SCORE IS: 59 out of 100 ***
A weighted scale for the components of consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score

8.268
?
?
?
?
?
? Click to access definition
?
?
?
?
?
?
Please enter data in the white cells below. Where available, metered values should be used; if metered values are unavailable please estimate a value. Indicate your confidence in the accuracy of the input data by grading each component (n/a or 1-10) using the drop-down list to the left of the input cell. Hover the mouse over the cell to obtain a description of the grades ?
?
?
?
?
?
(length of service line, beyond the property
boundary, that is the responsibility of the utility)
Use buttons to select
percentage of water
supplied
OR
value
Click here: ?
for help using option
buttons below
?
?
?
?
+
+ Click to add a comment
WAS v5.0
+
+
+
+
+
+
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2014, All Rights Reserved.
?
?
?
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
?
To select the correct data grading for each input, determine the highest grade where the utility meets or exceeds all criteria for that grade and all grades below it.

Use Customer Retail Unit Cost to value real losses
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Reporting Worksheet 1 Page 336 of 578 Water Audit Report for: City of Arcata (CA1210001)
Reporting Year:

System Attributes:

Apparent Losses: 14.033 MG/Yr
+ Real Losses: 93.314 MG/Yr
= Water Losses: 107.347 MG/Yr
Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL): 34.45 MG/Yr
Annual cost of Apparent Losses: $126,438
Annual cost of Real Losses: $244,232 Valued at Variable Production Cost Performance Indicators:

Non-revenue water as percent by volume of Water Supplied: 20.1% Non-revenue water as percent by cost of operating system: 10.1% Real Losses valued at Variable Production Cost Apparent Losses per service connection per day: 6.12 gallons/connection/day Real Losses per service connection per day: 40.72 gallons/connection/day Real Losses per length of main per day*: N/A
Real Losses per service connection per day per psi pressure: 0.61 gallons/connection/day/psi From Above, Real Losses = Current Annual Real Losses (CARL): 93.31 million gallons/year

2.71 * This performance indicator applies for systems with a low service connection density of less than 32 service connections/mile of pipeline AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

System Attributes and Performance Indicators
*** YOUR WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE IS: 59 out of 100 *** Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) [CARL/UARL]:
2021 1/2021 - 12/2021
Return to Reporting Worksheet to change this assumpiton ?
?
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2014, All Rights Reserved.

WAS v5.0
Financial:

Operational Efficiency:

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Page 337 of 578 Performance Indicators 1 Water Audit Report for:

Reporting Year: 2021 1/2021 - 12/2021
Data Validity Score: 59
Water Exported Revenue Water

21.646 21.646
Billed Metered Consumption (water exported
is removed) Revenue Water
457.090
Own Sources Authorized
Consumption 457.090 Billed Unmetered Consumption 457.090

0.000
464.750 Unbilled Metered Consumption

0.509

0.000 7.660 Unbilled Unmetered Consumption

7.151
System Input Water Supplied Unauthorized Consumption 115.007 593.743 Apparent Losses 8.268
572.097 14.033 Customer Metering Inaccuracies

4.622
Systematic Data Handling Errors
Water Losses 1.143
Water Imported 107.347 Leakage on Transmission and/or Distribution Mains
Real Losses Not broken down
593.743 93.314 Leakage and Overflows at Utility's Storage Tanks
Not broken down
Leakage on Service Connections
Not broken down
AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Water Balance
Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
Billed Authorized Consumption
Unbilled Authorized Consumption
(Adjusted for known
errors)
Billed Water Exported
City of Arcata (CA1210001)
WAS v5.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2014, All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Water Balance 1 Page 338 of 578 Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR WATER SUPPLIED choose entry option:

VOS Volume from Own Sources: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n g n/a percent MG/Yr under-registration VOSEA WI Water Imported: n g 4 539.105 MG/Yr n g 6 0.13% percent MG/Yr under-registration WIEA WE Water Exported: n g 1 19.567 MG/Yr n g 3 10.00% percent MG/Yr under-registration WEEA 518.066 MG/Yr
.

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
BMAC Billed Metered: n g 8 446.859 MG/Yr
BUAC Billed Unmetered: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr
UMAC Unbilled Metered: n g 7 0.538 MG/Yr choose entry option:

UUAC Unbilled Unmetered: n g 3 1.117 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr Default option selected for Unbilled Unmetered, with automatic data grading of 3 448.514 MG/Yr
WATER LOSSES 69.551 MG/Yr
Apparent Losses
Default option selected for Systematic Data Handling Errors, with automatic data grading of 3 choose entry option:

SDHE Systematic Data Handling Errors: n g 3 1.117 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr CMI Customer Metering Inaccuracies: n g 4 2.248 MG/Yr 0.50% percent MG/Yr under-registration UC Unauthorized Consumption: n g 6 10.612 MG/Yr 0.25% custom MG/Yr

13.977 MG/Yr
Real Losses

55.574 MG/Yr

69.551 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATER

71.207 MG/Yr

SYSTEM DATA
Lm Length of mains: n g 8 86.3 miles (including fire hydrant lead lengths) Nc Number of service connections: n g 8 6,092 (active and inactive) Service connection density: 71 conn./mile main
Yes
Lp Average length of (private) customer service line: n g 10 ft (average distance between property line and meter) AOP Average Operating Pressure: n g 6 63.0 psi

COST DATA
CRUC Customer Retail Unit Charge: n g 5 $7.36
VPC Variable Production Cost: n g 9 $2,957.42 $/Million gallons $/yr (optional input) WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY TIER:
go to
dashboard
PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION TO IMPROVE DATA VALIDITY: KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR TARGETS:

Based on the information provided, audit reliability can be most improved by addressing the following components: OPTIONAL: If targets exist for the operational performance indicators, they can be input below:
1: Water Imported (WI) Unit Total Losses: gal/conn/day
2: Customer Metering Inaccuracies (CMI) Unit Apparent Losses: gal/conn/day 3: Billed Metered (BMAC) Unit Real LossesA
: gal/conn/day
Unit Real LossesB: gal/mile/day
If entered above by user, targets will display on KPI gauges (see Dashboard) Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop/property line? AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

Worksheet
City of Arcata
Jan 01 2022 - Dec 31 2022
Water Supplied Error Adjustments
2022 Calendar
Real Losses:

WATER LOSSES:

Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading of 10 has been applied A weighted scale for the components of supply, consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score *** The Water Audit Data Validity Score is in Tier III (51-70). See Dashboard tab for additional outputs. *** $/100 cubic feet (ccf)
$4,087,976
Total Annual Operating Cost
go to start page
NON-REVENUE WATER:

If entering an
Error Adjustment,
select under- or overregistration

10.612
WATER SUPPLIED:

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION:

Apparent Losses:

Click 'g' to determine data validity grade
Click 'n' to add notes
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

To access definitions, click the input name
To edit water system info:

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Worksheet 1 Page 339 of 578 AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Dashboard
Water Audit Report for: City of Arcata Audit Year: Calendar Jan 01 2022 - Dec 31 2022 Actual KPI result Target (see Worksheet)
1 US$ = Local
Data Validity Score: Data Validity Tier: enter current conversion rate for local currency Tier II (26-50) Tier III (51-70)
Tier IV (71-90)
Tier I (≤25)
Tier V (91-100)
Total Loss Cost Rate Apparent Loss Cost Rate Real Loss Cost Rate $/conn/year $/conn/year $/conn/year
NRW Components Summary
Unit Total Losses Unit Apparent Losses Unit Real LossesA gal/conn/day gal/conn/day gal/conn/day
Average Operating Pressure
psi
Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) Unit Real LossesB
dimensionless gal/mile/day
See UARL definition for additional guidance on the ILI
Real Losses Unauthorized Consumption MG/Yr gal/conn/day Systematic Data Handling Errors Unbilled Unmetered Auth Cons Customer Metering Inaccuracies Unbilled Metered Authorized Cons Apparent Losses
Real Losses
Unbilled Authorized Cons
Non-Revenue Water
2022
57 Tier III (51-70)
Data Validity
gauge %iles per validated industry ranges2

0.737
See Loss Control Planning for Tier Details
Key Performance Indicators

26.98 go to worksheet go to grading go to references

49.55 31.3

22.57 6.3
(UARL) Unavoidable Annual Real Losses 31.7 14.3
VPC

1.8 1,764

25.0 63
CRUC
Basis of Valuation
Blended

1.7 71.2
$137,503
$164,356
$4,895
$306,754

14.0 55.6 VPC
Volume Value
MG/Yr $/Yr
0 10
20 30
40 50
60 70
80 Volume (MG/Yr)
Total Volume of NRW = 71 MG/Yr
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
Total Cost of NRW =
$306,754/Yr
10th %ile
25th %ile
Median
75th %ile
90th %ile
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

FWAS v6.0
Median
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile
Median Median
Median
Median Median
Median Median
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile 25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
75 75 th %ile 75th %ile th %ile
75th %ile 75th %ile 75th %ile
75 75 th %ile th %ile
10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile
90 10th %ile th %ile 90 10 th %ile th %ile
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile 10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile Guidance Information for Key Performance

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 340 of 578 Dashboard 1 Table 1 Source: AWWA Water Loss Control Committee Report (2020)1, with naming conventions updated 2020 AWWA Water Audit Method – Water Audit Outputs and Key Performance Indicators: Uses and Limitations Type Indicator Description
Suitable Purposes
Uses and Limitations Principal
Users Assessment BenchMarking
TargetSetting
Planning Tracking
Attribute Apparent Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Apparent Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess cost loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss cost level Utility, Regulators Unavoidable Annual
Real Loss (UARL)
Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Reveal theoretical technical low level of leakage
Utility, Regulators
Volume Unit Apparent Losses
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators
Unit Real LossesA
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Real LossesB
(vol/pipeline length/
day)
Strong and understandable indicator for use
by utilities with low connection density.
     Data collection and
assessment of systems with
“low” connection density
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Total Losses
(vol/conn/day)
New KPI
Strong and understandable indicator,
suitable for high-level performance
measurement.
  High level indicator for
trending analysis. Not
appropriate for target-setting
or benchmarking
Utilities,
Customers
Infrastructure Leakage
Index (ILI)
Robust, specialized ratio KPI; can be
influenced by pressure and connection
density.
   Benchmarking after pressure
management is implemented
Utilities
Value Apparent Loss Cost
Rate (value/conn/year)
New KPI
Indicators with sufficient technical rigor.

Provide the unit financial value of each type
of loss, which is useful for planning and
assessment of cost efficiency of water loss
reduction and control interventions and
programs.
   Data collection and
assessment on AWWA
indicators or contextual
parameters to use in
conjunction with Loss Cost
Rates
Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Real Loss Cost Rate
(value/conn/year)
New KPI
   Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Validity Data Validity Tier
(DVT)
Strong indicator of water loss audit data
quality, if data has been validated. Tier
provides guidance on priority areas of
activity.
    Assess caliber of data inputs
of the water audit
Regulators,
Utilities
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 341 of 578 Dashboard 2 Water Balance Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year: 2022 Jan 01 2022 - Dec 31 2022
Data Validity Tier: Tier III (51-70)
Water Exported
(WE)
(corrected for known
errors)
Revenue Water
(Exported)

21.741 21.741
Billed Metered Consumption (BMAC)
(water exported is removed) Revenue Water
446.859
446.859 Billed Unmetered Consumption (BUAC) 446.859

0.000
448.514 Unbilled Metered Consumption (UMAC)

0.538

0.000 1.655 Unbilled Unmetered Consumption (UUAC)

1.117
Water Supplied Systematic Data Handling Errors (SDHE) 71.207 539.807 Apparent Losses 1.117
518.066 13.977 Customer Metering Inaccuracies (CMI)

2.248
Unauthorized Consumption (UC)
Water Losses 10.612

69.551 Leakage on Transmission and/or Distribution
Mains
Real Losses Not broken down
539.807 55.574 Leakage and Overflows at Utility's Storage Tanks
Not broken down
Leakage on Service Connections
Not broken down
Water Imported (WI)
(corrected for known
errors)
AWWA Free Water Audit Software
Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
Billed Authorized Consumption
Unbilled Authorized Consumption
(corrected for known
errors)
City of Arcata
Billed Water Exported
Volume from Own
Sources (VOS)
System Input
Volume
Authorized
Consumption
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Water Balance 1 Page 342 of 578 Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR WATER SUPPLIED choose entry option:

VOS Volume from Own Sources: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n g n/a percent MG/Yr under-registration VOSEA WI Water Imported: n g 3 587.126 MG/Yr n g 6 0.50% percent MG/Yr under-registration WIEA WE Water Exported: n g 1 18.591 MG/Yr n g 3 10.00% percent MG/Yr under-registration WEEA 569.419 MG/Yr
.

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
BMAC Billed Metered: n g 8 460.145 MG/Yr
BUAC Billed Unmetered: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr
UMAC Unbilled Metered: n g 7 0.498 MG/Yr choose entry option:

UUAC Unbilled Unmetered: n g 3 1.150 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr Default option selected for Unbilled Unmetered, with automatic data grading of 3 461.793 MG/Yr
WATER LOSSES 107.627 MG/Yr
Apparent Losses
Default option selected for Systematic Data Handling Errors, with automatic data grading of 3 choose entry option:

SDHE Systematic Data Handling Errors: n g 3 1.150 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr CMI Customer Metering Inaccuracies: n g 7 8.444 MG/Yr 1.80% percent MG/Yr under-registration UC Unauthorized Consumption: n g 6 2.056 MG/Yr 0.25% custom MG/Yr

11.650 MG/Yr
Real Losses

95.977 MG/Yr
107.627 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATER
109.274 MG/Yr

SYSTEM DATA
Lm Length of mains: n g 8 87.6 miles (including fire hydrant lead lengths) Nc Number of service connections: n g 5 6,362 (active and inactive) Service connection density: 73 conn./mile main
Yes
Lp Average length of (private) customer service line: n g 10 ft (average distance between property line and meter) AOP Average Operating Pressure: n g 6 63.3 psi

COST DATA
CRUC Customer Retail Unit Charge: n g 5 $6.88
VPC Variable Production Cost: n g 9 $2,737.11 $/Million gallons $/yr (optional input) WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY TIER:
go to
dashboard
PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION TO IMPROVE DATA VALIDITY: KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR TARGETS:

Based on the information provided, audit reliability can be most improved by addressing the following components: OPTIONAL: If targets exist for the operational performance indicators, they can be input below:
1: Water Imported (WI) Unit Total Losses: gal/conn/day
2: Billed Metered (BMAC) Unit Apparent Losses: gal/conn/day 3: Number of Service Connections (Nc) Unit Real LossesA : gal/conn/day
Unit Real LossesB: gal/mile/day
If entered above by user, targets will display on KPI gauges (see Dashboard) go to start page
NON-REVENUE WATER:

If entering an
Error Adjustment,
select under- or overregistration

2.056
WATER SUPPLIED:

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION:

Apparent Losses:

Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading of 10 has been applied A weighted scale for the components of supply, consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score *** The Water Audit Data Validity Score is in Tier III (51-70). See Dashboard tab for additional outputs. *** $/100 cubic feet (ccf)
$5,693,772
Total Annual Operating Cost
Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop/property line? AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

Worksheet
City of Arcata
Jan 01 2023 - Dec 31 2023
Water Supplied Error Adjustments
2023 Calendar
Real Losses:

WATER LOSSES:

Click 'g' to determine data validity grade
Click 'n' to add notes
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

To access definitions, click the input name
To edit water system info:

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Worksheet 1 Page 343 of 578 AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Dashboard
Water Audit Report for: City of Arcata Audit Year: Calendar Jan 01 2023 - Dec 31 2023 Actual KPI result Target (see Worksheet)
1 US$ = Local
Data Validity Score: Data Validity Tier: enter current conversion rate for local currency Tier II (26-50) Tier III (51-70)
Tier IV (71-90)
Tier I (≤25)
Tier V (91-100)
Total Loss Cost Rate Apparent Loss Cost Rate Real Loss Cost Rate $/conn/year $/conn/year $/conn/year
NRW Components Summary
Unit Total Losses Unit Apparent Losses Unit Real LossesA gal/conn/day gal/conn/day gal/conn/day
Average Operating Pressure
psi
Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) Unit Real LossesB
dimensionless gal/mile/day
See UARL definition for additional guidance on the ILI
Real Losses Unauthorized Consumption MG/Yr gal/conn/day Systematic Data Handling Errors Unbilled Unmetered Auth Cons Customer Metering Inaccuracies Unbilled Metered Authorized Cons Apparent Losses
Real Losses
Unbilled Authorized Cons
Non-Revenue Water Blended

1.6 109.3
$107,041
$262,699
$4,510
$374,250

11.6 96.0 VPC
Volume Value
MG/Yr $/Yr
(UARL) Unavoidable Annual Real Losses 33.0 14.2
VPC

2.9 3,002

41.3 63.3
CRUC
Basis of Valuation

58.12 46.3

16.83 result is above
90th %ile

5.0 result is above
90th %ile

41.29 go to worksheet go to grading go to references
2023
54 Tier III (51-70)
Data Validity
gauge %iles per validated industry ranges2

0.737
See Loss Control Planning for Tier Details
Key Performance Indicators
0 20
40 60
80 100
120
Volume (MG/Yr)
Total Volume of NRW = 109
MG/Yr
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
$400,000
Total Cost of NRW =
$374,250/Yr
10th %ile
25th %ile
Median
75th %ile
90th %ile
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

FWAS v6.0
Median
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile
Median Median
Median
Median Median
Median Median
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile 25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
75 75 th %ile 75th %ile th %ile
75th %ile 75th %ile 75th %ile
75 75 th %ile th %ile
10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile
90 10th %ile th %ile 90 10 th %ile th %ile
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile 10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile Guidance Information for Key Performance

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 344 of 578 Dashboard 1 Table 1 Source: AWWA Water Loss Control Committee Report (2020)1, with naming conventions updated 2020 AWWA Water Audit Method – Water Audit Outputs and Key Performance Indicators: Uses and Limitations Type Indicator Description
Suitable Purposes
Uses and Limitations Principal
Users Assessment BenchMarking
TargetSetting
Planning Tracking
Attribute Apparent Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Apparent Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess cost loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss cost level Utility, Regulators Unavoidable Annual
Real Loss (UARL)
Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Reveal theoretical technical low level of leakage
Utility, Regulators
Volume Unit Apparent Losses
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators
Unit Real LossesA
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Real LossesB
(vol/pipeline length/
day)
Strong and understandable indicator for use
by utilities with low connection density.
     Data collection and
assessment of systems with
“low” connection density
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Total Losses
(vol/conn/day)
New KPI
Strong and understandable indicator,
suitable for high-level performance
measurement.
  High level indicator for
trending analysis. Not
appropriate for target-setting
or benchmarking
Utilities,
Customers
Infrastructure Leakage
Index (ILI)
Robust, specialized ratio KPI; can be
influenced by pressure and connection
density.
   Benchmarking after pressure
management is implemented
Utilities
Value Apparent Loss Cost
Rate (value/conn/year)
New KPI
Indicators with sufficient technical rigor.

Provide the unit financial value of each type
of loss, which is useful for planning and
assessment of cost efficiency of water loss
reduction and control interventions and
programs.
   Data collection and
assessment on AWWA
indicators or contextual
parameters to use in
conjunction with Loss Cost
Rates
Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Real Loss Cost Rate
(value/conn/year)
New KPI
   Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Validity Data Validity Tier
(DVT)
Strong indicator of water loss audit data
quality, if data has been validated. Tier
provides guidance on priority areas of
activity.
    Assess caliber of data inputs
of the water audit
Regulators,
Utilities
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 345 of 578 Dashboard 2 Water Balance Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year: 2023 Jan 01 2023 - Dec 31 2023
Data Validity Tier: Tier III (51-70)
Water Exported
(WE)
(corrected for known
errors)
Revenue Water
(Exported)

20.657 20.657
Billed Metered Consumption (BMAC)
(water exported is removed) Revenue Water
460.145
460.145 Billed Unmetered Consumption (BUAC) 460.145

0.000
461.793 Unbilled Metered Consumption (UMAC)

0.498

0.000 1.648 Unbilled Unmetered Consumption (UUAC)

1.150
Water Supplied Systematic Data Handling Errors (SDHE) 109.274 590.076 Apparent Losses 1.150
569.419 11.650 Customer Metering Inaccuracies (CMI)

8.444
Unauthorized Consumption (UC)
Water Losses 2.056
107.627 Leakage on Transmission and/or Distribution
Mains
Real Losses Not broken down
590.076 95.977 Leakage and Overflows at Utility's Storage Tanks
Not broken down
Leakage on Service Connections
Not broken down
Water Imported (WI)
(corrected for known
errors)
AWWA Free Water Audit Software
Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
Billed Authorized Consumption
Unbilled Authorized Consumption
(corrected for known
errors)
City of Arcata
Billed Water Exported
Volume from Own
Sources (VOS)
System Input
Volume
Authorized
Consumption
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Water Balance 1 Page 346 of 578 Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR WATER SUPPLIED choose entry option:

VOS Volume from Own Sources: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n g n/a percent MG/Yr under-registration VOSEA WI Water Imported: n g 3 686.229 MG/Yr n g 6 0.50% percent MG/Yr under-registration WIEA WE Water Exported: n g 1 17.926 MG/Yr n g 3 10.00% percent MG/Yr under-registration WEEA 669.759 MG/Yr
.

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
BMAC Billed Metered: n g 8 427.248 MG/Yr
BUAC Billed Unmetered: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr
UMAC Unbilled Metered: n g 7 0.461 MG/Yr choose entry option:

UUAC Unbilled Unmetered: n g 3 1.068 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr Default option selected for Unbilled Unmetered, with automatic data grading of 3 428.777 MG/Yr
WATER LOSSES 240.982 MG/Yr
Apparent Losses
Default option selected for Systematic Data Handling Errors, with automatic data grading of 3 choose entry option:

SDHE Systematic Data Handling Errors: n g 3 1.068 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr CMI Customer Metering Inaccuracies: n g 7 5.195 MG/Yr 1.20% percent MG/Yr under-registration UC Unauthorized Consumption: n g 6 3.995 MG/Yr 0.25% custom MG/Yr

10.258 MG/Yr
Real Losses
230.724 MG/Yr
240.982 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATER
242.511 MG/Yr

SYSTEM DATA
Lm Length of mains: n g 8 87.6 miles (including fire hydrant lead lengths) Nc Number of service connections: n g 5 6,332 (active and inactive) Service connection density: 72 conn./mile main
Yes
Lp Average length of (private) customer service line: n g 10 ft (average distance between property line and meter) AOP Average Operating Pressure: n g 6 61.3 psi

COST DATA
CRUC Customer Retail Unit Charge: n g 5 $5.95
VPC Variable Production Cost: n g 9 $2,903.90 $/Million gallons $/yr (optional input) WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY TIER:
go to
dashboard
PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION TO IMPROVE DATA VALIDITY: KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR TARGETS:

Based on the information provided, audit reliability can be most improved by addressing the following components: OPTIONAL: If targets exist for the operational performance indicators, they can be input below:
1: Water Imported (WI) Unit Total Losses: gal/conn/day
2: Billed Metered (BMAC) Unit Apparent Losses: gal/conn/day 3: Number of Service Connections (Nc) Unit Real LossesA : gal/conn/day
Unit Real LossesB: gal/mile/day
If entered above by user, targets will display on KPI gauges (see Dashboard) Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop/property line? AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

Worksheet
City of Arcata
Jan 01 2024 - Dec 31 2024
Water Supplied Error Adjustments
2024 Calendar
Real Losses:

WATER LOSSES:

Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading of 10 has been applied A weighted scale for the components of supply, consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score *** The Water Audit Data Validity Score is in Tier III (51-70). See Dashboard tab for additional outputs. *** $/100 cubic feet (ccf)
$5,675,208
Total Annual Operating Cost
go to start page
NON-REVENUE WATER:

If entering an
Error Adjustment,
select under- or overregistration

3.995
WATER SUPPLIED:

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION:

Apparent Losses:

Click 'g' to determine data validity grade
Click 'n' to add notes
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

To access definitions, click the input name
To edit water system info:

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Worksheet 1 Page 347 of 578 AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Dashboard
Water Audit Report for: City of Arcata Audit Year: Calendar Jan 01 2024 - Dec 31 2024 Actual KPI result Target (see Worksheet)
1 US$ = Local
Data Validity Score: Data Validity Tier: enter current conversion rate for local currency Tier II (26-50) Tier III (51-70)
Tier IV (71-90)
Tier I (≤25)
Tier V (91-100)
Total Loss Cost Rate Apparent Loss Cost Rate Real Loss Cost Rate $/conn/year $/conn/year $/conn/year
NRW Components Summary
Unit Total Losses Unit Apparent Losses Unit Real LossesA gal/conn/day gal/conn/day gal/conn/day
Average Operating Pressure
psi
Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) Unit Real LossesB
dimensionless gal/mile/day
See UARL definition for additional guidance on the ILI
Real Losses Unauthorized Consumption MG/Yr gal/conn/day Systematic Data Handling Errors Unbilled Unmetered Auth Cons Customer Metering Inaccuracies Unbilled Metered Authorized Cons Apparent Losses
Real Losses
Unbilled Authorized Cons
Non-Revenue Water
2024
54 Tier III (51-70)
Data Validity
gauge %iles per validated industry ranges2

0.737
See Loss Control Planning for Tier Details
Key Performance Indicators
result is above
90th %ile
105.81
go to worksheet go to grading go to references
118.69
104.3

12.88 result is above
90th %ile

4.4 (UARL) Unavoidable Annual Real Losses 31.9 13.8
VPC

7.2 7,218
result is above
90th %ile
result is above
90th %ile

99.8 61.3
CRUC
Basis of Valuation
Blended

1.5 242.5
$81,564
$669,999
$4,441
$756,004

10.3 230.7 VPC
Volume Value
MG/Yr $/Yr
0 50
100
150
200
250
300
Volume (MG/Yr)
Total Volume of NRW = 243
MG/Yr
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
$700,000
$800,000
Total Cost of NRW =
$756,004/Yr
10th %ile
25th %ile
Median
75th %ile
90th %ile
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

FWAS v6.0
Median
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile
Median Median
Median
Median Median
Median Median
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile 25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
75 75 th %ile 75th %ile th %ile
75th %ile 75th %ile 75th %ile
75 75 th %ile th %ile
10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile
90 10th %ile th %ile 90 10 th %ile th %ile
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile 10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile Guidance Information for Key Performance

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 348 of 578 Dashboard 1 Table 1 Source: AWWA Water Loss Control Committee Report (2020)1, with naming conventions updated 2020 AWWA Water Audit Method – Water Audit Outputs and Key Performance Indicators: Uses and Limitations Type Indicator Description
Suitable Purposes
Uses and Limitations Principal
Users Assessment BenchMarking
TargetSetting
Planning Tracking
Attribute Apparent Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Apparent Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess cost loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss cost level Utility, Regulators Unavoidable Annual
Real Loss (UARL)
Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Reveal theoretical technical low level of leakage
Utility, Regulators
Volume Unit Apparent Losses
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators
Unit Real LossesA
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Real LossesB
(vol/pipeline length/
day)
Strong and understandable indicator for use
by utilities with low connection density.
     Data collection and
assessment of systems with
“low” connection density
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Total Losses
(vol/conn/day)
New KPI
Strong and understandable indicator,
suitable for high-level performance
measurement.
  High level indicator for
trending analysis. Not
appropriate for target-setting
or benchmarking
Utilities,
Customers
Infrastructure Leakage
Index (ILI)
Robust, specialized ratio KPI; can be
influenced by pressure and connection
density.
   Benchmarking after pressure
management is implemented
Utilities
Value Apparent Loss Cost
Rate (value/conn/year)
New KPI
Indicators with sufficient technical rigor.

Provide the unit financial value of each type
of loss, which is useful for planning and
assessment of cost efficiency of water loss
reduction and control interventions and
programs.
   Data collection and
assessment on AWWA
indicators or contextual
parameters to use in
conjunction with Loss Cost
Rates
Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Real Loss Cost Rate
(value/conn/year)
New KPI
   Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Validity Data Validity Tier
(DVT)
Strong indicator of water loss audit data
quality, if data has been validated. Tier
provides guidance on priority areas of
activity.
    Assess caliber of data inputs
of the water audit
Regulators,
Utilities
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 349 of 578 Dashboard 2 Water Balance Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year: 2024 Jan 01 2024 - Dec 31 2024
Data Validity Tier: Tier III (51-70)
Water Exported
(WE)
(corrected for known
errors)
Revenue Water
(Exported)

19.918 19.918
Billed Metered Consumption (BMAC)
(water exported is removed) Revenue Water
427.248
427.248 Billed Unmetered Consumption (BUAC) 427.248

0.000
428.777 Unbilled Metered Consumption (UMAC)

0.461

0.000 1.529 Unbilled Unmetered Consumption (UUAC)

1.068
Water Supplied Systematic Data Handling Errors (SDHE) 242.511 689.677 Apparent Losses 1.068
669.759 10.258 Customer Metering Inaccuracies (CMI)

5.195
Unauthorized Consumption (UC)
Water Losses 3.995
240.982 Leakage on Transmission and/or Distribution
Mains
Real Losses Not broken down
689.677 230.724 Leakage and Overflows at Utility's Storage Tanks
Not broken down
Leakage on Service Connections
Not broken down
Water Imported (WI)
(corrected for known
errors)
AWWA Free Water Audit Software
Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
Billed Authorized Consumption
Unbilled Authorized Consumption
(corrected for known
errors)
City of Arcata
Billed Water Exported
Volume from Own
Sources (VOS)
System Input
Volume
Authorized
Consumption
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Water Balance 1 Page 350 of 578 Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR WATER SUPPLIED choose entry option:

VOS Volume from Own Sources: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n g n/a percent MG/Yr under-registration VOSEA WI Water Imported: n g 3 592.475 MG/Yr n g 6 0.50% percent MG/Yr under-registration WIEA WE Water Exported: n g 1 19.182 MG/Yr n g 3 10.00% percent MG/Yr under-registration WEEA 574.139 MG/Yr
.

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
BMAC Billed Metered: n g 8 451.120 MG/Yr
BUAC Billed Unmetered: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr
UMAC Unbilled Metered: n g 7 0.000 MG/Yr choose entry option:

UUAC Unbilled Unmetered: n g 3 1.128 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr Default option selected for Unbilled Unmetered, with automatic data grading of 3 452.248 MG/Yr
WATER LOSSES 121.891 MG/Yr
Apparent Losses
Default option selected for Systematic Data Handling Errors, with automatic data grading of 3 choose entry option:

SDHE Systematic Data Handling Errors: n g 3 1.128 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr CMI Customer Metering Inaccuracies: n g 7 5.479 MG/Yr 1.20% percent MG/Yr under-registration UC Unauthorized Consumption: n g 6 3.077 MG/Yr 0.25% custom MG/Yr

9.684 MG/Yr
Real Losses
112.207 MG/Yr
121.891 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATER
123.019 MG/Yr

SYSTEM DATA
Lm Length of mains: n g 8 87.6 miles (including fire hydrant lead lengths) Nc Number of service connections: n g 5 6,344 (active and inactive) Service connection density: 72 conn./mile main
Yes
Lp Average length of (private) customer service line: n g 10 ft (average distance between property line and meter) AOP Average Operating Pressure: n g 6 57.0 psi

COST DATA
CRUC Customer Retail Unit Charge: n g 5 $7.15
VPC Variable Production Cost: n g 9 $2,973.83 $/Million gallons $/yr (optional input) WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY TIER:
go to
dashboard
PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION TO IMPROVE DATA VALIDITY: KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR TARGETS:

Based on the information provided, audit reliability can be most improved by addressing the following components: OPTIONAL: If targets exist for the operational performance indicators, they can be input below:
1: Water Imported (WI) Unit Total Losses: gal/conn/day
2: Billed Metered (BMAC) Unit Apparent Losses: gal/conn/day 3: Number of Service Connections (Nc) Unit Real LossesA : gal/conn/day
Unit Real LossesB: gal/mile/day
If entered above by user, targets will display on KPI gauges (see Dashboard) go to start page
NON-REVENUE WATER:

If entering an
Error Adjustment,
select under- or overregistration

3.077
WATER SUPPLIED:

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION:

Apparent Losses:

Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading of 10 has been applied A weighted scale for the components of supply, consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score *** The Water Audit Data Validity Score is in Tier III (51-70). See Dashboard tab for additional outputs. *** $/100 cubic feet (ccf)
$10,117,165
Total Annual Operating Cost
Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop/property line? AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

Worksheet
City of Arcata
Jan 01 2025 - Dec 31 2025
Water Supplied Error Adjustments
2025 Calendar
Real Losses:

WATER LOSSES:

Click 'g' to determine data validity grade
Click 'n' to add notes
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

To access definitions, click the input name
To edit water system info:

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Worksheet 1 Page 351 of 578 AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Dashboard
Water Audit Report for: City of Arcata Audit Year: Calendar Jan 01 2025 - Dec 31 2025 Actual KPI result Target (see Worksheet)
1 US$ = Local
Data Validity Score: Data Validity Tier: enter current conversion rate for local currency Tier II (26-50) Tier III (51-70)
Tier IV (71-90)
Tier I (≤25)
Tier V (91-100)
Total Loss Cost Rate Apparent Loss Cost Rate Real Loss Cost Rate $/conn/year $/conn/year $/conn/year
NRW Components Summary
Unit Total Losses Unit Apparent Losses Unit Real LossesA gal/conn/day gal/conn/day gal/conn/day
Average Operating Pressure
psi
Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) Unit Real LossesB
dimensionless gal/mile/day
See UARL definition for additional guidance on the ILI
Real Losses Unauthorized Consumption MG/Yr gal/conn/day Systematic Data Handling Errors Unbilled Unmetered Auth Cons Customer Metering Inaccuracies Unbilled Metered Authorized Cons Apparent Losses
Real Losses
Unbilled Authorized Cons
Non-Revenue Water Blended

1.1 123.0
$92,561
$333,685
$3,354
$429,600

9.7 112.2 VPC
Volume Value
MG/Yr $/Yr
(UARL) Unavoidable Annual Real Losses 29.7 12.8
VPC

3.8 3,510

48.5 57
CRUC
Basis of Valuation

67.19 52.6

14.59 result is above
90th %ile

4.2 result is above
90th %ile

52.60 go to worksheet go to grading go to references
2025
54 Tier III (51-70)
Data Validity
gauge %iles per validated industry ranges2

0.737
See Loss Control Planning for Tier Details
Key Performance Indicators
0 20
40 60
80 100
120
140
Volume (MG/Yr)
Total Volume of NRW = 123
MG/Yr
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
$400,000
$450,000
$500,000
Total Cost of NRW =
$429,600/Yr
10th %ile
25th %ile
Median
75th %ile
90th %ile
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

FWAS v6.0
Median
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile
Median Median
Median
Median Median
Median Median
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile 25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
75 75 th %ile 75th %ile th %ile
75th %ile 75th %ile 75th %ile
75 75 th %ile th %ile
10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile
90 10th %ile th %ile 90 10 th %ile th %ile
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile 10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile Guidance Information for Key Performance

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 352 of 578 Dashboard 1 Table 1 Source: AWWA Water Loss Control Committee Report (2020)1, with naming conventions updated 2020 AWWA Water Audit Method – Water Audit Outputs and Key Performance Indicators: Uses and Limitations Type Indicator Description
Suitable Purposes
Uses and Limitations Principal
Users Assessment BenchMarking
TargetSetting
Planning Tracking
Attribute Apparent Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Apparent Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess cost loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss cost level Utility, Regulators Unavoidable Annual
Real Loss (UARL)
Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Reveal theoretical technical low level of leakage
Utility, Regulators
Volume Unit Apparent Losses
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators
Unit Real LossesA
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Real LossesB
(vol/pipeline length/
day)
Strong and understandable indicator for use
by utilities with low connection density.
     Data collection and
assessment of systems with
“low” connection density
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Total Losses
(vol/conn/day)
New KPI
Strong and understandable indicator,
suitable for high-level performance
measurement.
  High level indicator for
trending analysis. Not
appropriate for target-setting
or benchmarking
Utilities,
Customers
Infrastructure Leakage
Index (ILI)
Robust, specialized ratio KPI; can be
influenced by pressure and connection
density.
   Benchmarking after pressure
management is implemented
Utilities
Value Apparent Loss Cost
Rate (value/conn/year)
New KPI
Indicators with sufficient technical rigor.

Provide the unit financial value of each type
of loss, which is useful for planning and
assessment of cost efficiency of water loss
reduction and control interventions and
programs.
   Data collection and
assessment on AWWA
indicators or contextual
parameters to use in
conjunction with Loss Cost
Rates
Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Real Loss Cost Rate
(value/conn/year)
New KPI
   Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Validity Data Validity Tier
(DVT)
Strong indicator of water loss audit data
quality, if data has been validated. Tier
provides guidance on priority areas of
activity.
    Assess caliber of data inputs
of the water audit
Regulators,
Utilities
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 353 of 578 Dashboard 2 Water Balance Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year: 2025 Jan 01 2025 - Dec 31 2025
Data Validity Tier: Tier III (51-70)
Water Exported
(WE)
(corrected for known
errors)
Revenue Water
(Exported)

21.313 21.313
Billed Metered Consumption (BMAC)
(water exported is removed) Revenue Water
451.120
451.120 Billed Unmetered Consumption (BUAC) 451.120

0.000
452.248 Unbilled Metered Consumption (UMAC)

0.000

0.000 1.128 Unbilled Unmetered Consumption (UUAC)

1.128
Water Supplied Systematic Data Handling Errors (SDHE) 123.019 595.452 Apparent Losses 1.128
574.139 9.684 Customer Metering Inaccuracies (CMI)

5.479
Unauthorized Consumption (UC)
Water Losses 3.077
121.891 Leakage on Transmission and/or Distribution
Mains
Real Losses Not broken down
595.452 112.207 Leakage and Overflows at Utility's Storage Tanks
Not broken down
Leakage on Service Connections
Not broken down
Water Imported (WI)
(corrected for known
errors)
AWWA Free Water Audit Software
Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
Billed Authorized Consumption
Unbilled Authorized Consumption
(corrected for known
errors)
City of Arcata
Billed Water Exported
Volume from Own
Sources (VOS)
System Input
Volume
Authorized
Consumption
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Water Balance 1 Page 354 of 578 Water Audit Report for:

Reporting Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR Master Meter and Supply Error Adjustments
WATER SUPPLIED Pcnt: Value:

Volume from own sources: n/a 0.000 MG/Yr MG/Yr
Water imported: 1 21.547 MG/Yr 1 -10.00% MG/Yr
Water exported: 0.000 MG/Yr n/a 7.00% MG/Yr
Enter negative % or value for under-registration
WATER SUPPLIED: 23.941 MG/Yr Enter positive % or value for over-registration .

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
Billed metered: 7 21.547 MG/Yr
Billed unmetered: n/a 0.000 MG/Yr
Unbilled metered: n/a 0.000 MG/Yr Pcnt: Value:

Unbilled unmetered: 4 0.299 MG/Yr 1.25% MG/Yr
AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION: 21.846 MG/Yr
WATER LOSSES (Water Supplied - Authorized Consumption) 2.095 MG/Yr Apparent Losses Pcnt: Value:

Unauthorized consumption: 4 0.085 MG/Yr 0.25% MG/Yr
Customer metering inaccuracies: 4 0.218 MG/Yr 1.00% MG/Yr Systematic data handling errors: 0.054 MG/Yr 0.25% MG/Yr Apparent Losses: 0.357 MG/Yr
Real Losses (Current Annual Real Losses or CARL)
Real Losses = Water Losses - Apparent Losses: 1.738 MG/Yr WATER LOSSES: 2.095 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATER
NON-REVENUE WATER: 2.394 MG/Yr
= Water Losses + Unbilled Metered + Unbilled Unmetered

SYSTEM DATA
Length of mains: 9 8.4 miles
Number of active AND inactive service connections: 8 330 Service connection density: 39 conn./mile main
Yes
Average length of customer service line: ft
Average operating pressure: 3 61.0 psi

COST DATA
Total annual cost of operating water system: 9 $173,002 $/Year Customer retail unit cost (applied to Apparent Losses): 4 $6.37 Variable production cost (applied to Real Losses): 9 $2,386.63 $/Million gallons WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE:

PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION:
1: Water imported
2: Customer metering inaccuracies
3: Customer retail unit cost (applied to Apparent Losses) Default option selected for Systematic data handling errors - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading score of 10 has been applied Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop or property line? AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

Reporting Worksheet
Default option selected for Unbilled unmetered - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed

0.480
2020 1/2020 - 12/2020
City of Arcata (CA1210021)
<----------- Enter grading in column 'E' and 'J' ----------> Based on the information provided, audit accuracy can be improved by addressing the following components:
$/100 cubic feet (ccf)
Unauthorized consumption volume entered is greater than the recommended default value *** YOUR SCORE IS: 44 out of 100 ***
A weighted scale for the components of consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score

0.085
?
?
?
?
?
? Click to access definition
?
?
?
?
?
?
Please enter data in the white cells below. Where available, metered values should be used; if metered values are unavailable please estimate a value. Indicate your confidence in the accuracy of the input data by grading each component (n/a or 1-10) using the drop-down list to the left of the input cell. Hover the mouse over the cell to obtain a description of the grades ?
?
?
?
?
?
(length of service line, beyond the property
boundary, that is the responsibility of the utility)
Use buttons to select
percentage of water
supplied
OR
value
Click here: ?
for help using option
buttons below
?
?
?
?
+
+ Click to add a comment
WAS v5.0
+
+
+
+
+
+
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2014, All Rights Reserved.
?
?
?
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
?
To select the correct data grading for each input, determine the highest grade where the utility meets or exceeds all criteria for that grade and all grades below it.

Use Customer Retail Unit Cost to value real losses
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Reporting Worksheet 1 Page 355 of 578 Water Audit Report for: City of Arcata (CA1210021)
Reporting Year:

System Attributes:

Apparent Losses: 0.357 MG/Yr
+ Real Losses: 1.738 MG/Yr
= Water Losses: 2.095 MG/Yr
Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL): See limits in definition MG/Yr Annual cost of Apparent Losses: $3,036
Annual cost of Real Losses: $4,149 Valued at Variable Production Cost Performance Indicators:

Non-revenue water as percent by volume of Water Supplied: 10.0% Non-revenue water as percent by cost of operating system: 4.6% Real Losses valued at Variable Production Cost Apparent Losses per service connection per day: 2.96 gallons/connection/day Real Losses per service connection per day: 14.43 gallons/connection/day Real Losses per length of main per day*: N/A
Real Losses per service connection per day per psi pressure: 0.24 gallons/connection/day/psi From Above, Real Losses = Current Annual Real Losses (CARL): 1.74 million gallons/year * This performance indicator applies for systems with a low service connection density of less than 32 service connections/mile of pipeline AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

System Attributes and Performance Indicators
*** YOUR WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE IS: 44 out of 100 *** Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) [CARL/UARL]:
2020 1/2020 - 12/2020
Return to Reporting Worksheet to change this assumpiton ?
?
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2014, All Rights Reserved.

WAS v5.0
Financial:

Operational Efficiency:

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Page 356 of 578 Performance Indicators 1 Water Audit Report for:

Reporting Year: 2020 1/2020 - 12/2020
Data Validity Score: 44
Water Exported Revenue Water

0.000 0.000
Billed Metered Consumption (water exported
is removed) Revenue Water

21.547
Own Sources Authorized
Consumption 21.547 Billed Unmetered Consumption 21.547

0.000

21.846 Unbilled Metered Consumption

0.000

0.000 0.299 Unbilled Unmetered Consumption

0.299
System Input Water Supplied Unauthorized Consumption 2.394

23.941 Apparent Losses 0.085

23.941 0.357 Customer Metering Inaccuracies

0.218
Systematic Data Handling Errors
Water Losses 0.054
Water Imported 2.095 Leakage on Transmission and/or Distribution Mains
Real Losses Not broken down

23.941 1.738 Leakage and Overflows at Utility's Storage Tanks
Not broken down
Leakage on Service Connections
Not broken down
AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Water Balance
Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
Billed Authorized Consumption
Unbilled Authorized Consumption
(Adjusted for known
errors)
Billed Water Exported
City of Arcata (CA1210021)
WAS v5.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2014, All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Water Balance 1 Page 357 of 578 Water Audit Report for:

Reporting Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR Master Meter and Supply Error Adjustments
WATER SUPPLIED Pcnt: Value:

Volume from own sources: n/a 0.000 MG/Yr MG/Yr
Water imported: 1 21.646 MG/Yr 1 -10.00% MG/Yr
Water exported: n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n/a 7.00% MG/Yr
Enter negative % or value for under-registration
WATER SUPPLIED: 24.051 MG/Yr Enter positive % or value for over-registration .

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
Billed metered: 7 21.646 MG/Yr
Billed unmetered: n/a 0.000 MG/Yr
Unbilled metered: n/a 0.000 MG/Yr Pcnt: Value:

Unbilled unmetered: 4 0.301 MG/Yr 1.25% MG/Yr
AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION: 21.947 MG/Yr
WATER LOSSES (Water Supplied - Authorized Consumption) 2.104 MG/Yr Apparent Losses Pcnt: Value:

Unauthorized consumption: 4 0.368 MG/Yr 0.25% MG/Yr
Customer metering inaccuracies: 4 0.219 MG/Yr 1.00% MG/Yr Systematic data handling errors: 0.054 MG/Yr 0.25% MG/Yr Apparent Losses: 0.641 MG/Yr
Real Losses (Current Annual Real Losses or CARL)
Real Losses = Water Losses - Apparent Losses: 1.464 MG/Yr WATER LOSSES: 2.104 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATER
NON-REVENUE WATER: 2.405 MG/Yr
= Water Losses + Unbilled Metered + Unbilled Unmetered

SYSTEM DATA
Length of mains: 9 8.4 miles
Number of active AND inactive service connections: 9 331 Service connection density: 39 conn./mile main
Yes
Average length of customer service line: ft
Average operating pressure: 2 67.0 psi

COST DATA
Total annual cost of operating water system: 9 $160,891 $/Year Customer retail unit cost (applied to Apparent Losses): 5 $6.74 Variable production cost (applied to Real Losses): 9 $2,878.38 $/Million gallons WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE:

PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION:
1: Water imported
2: Customer metering inaccuracies
3: Customer retail unit cost (applied to Apparent Losses) Based on the information provided, audit accuracy can be improved by addressing the following components:
$/100 cubic feet (ccf)
Unauthorized consumption volume entered is greater than the recommended default value *** YOUR SCORE IS: 45 out of 100 ***
A weighted scale for the components of consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score

0.368
Default option selected for Systematic data handling errors - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading score of 10 has been applied Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop or property line? AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

Reporting Worksheet
Default option selected for Unbilled unmetered - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed

0.480
2021 1/2021 - 12/2021
City of Arcata (CA1210021)
<----------- Enter grading in column 'E' and 'J' ----------> ?
?
?
?
?
? Click to access definition
?
?
?
?
?
?
Please enter data in the white cells below. Where available, metered values should be used; if metered values are unavailable please estimate a value. Indicate your confidence in the accuracy of the input data by grading each component (n/a or 1-10) using the drop-down list to the left of the input cell. Hover the mouse over the cell to obtain a description of the grades ?
?
?
?
?
?
(length of service line, beyond the property
boundary, that is the responsibility of the utility)
Use buttons to select
percentage of water
supplied
OR
value
Click here: ?
for help using option
buttons below
?
?
?
?
+
+ Click to add a comment
WAS v5.0
+
+
+
+
+
+
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2014, All Rights Reserved.
?
?
?
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
?
To select the correct data grading for each input, determine the highest grade where the utility meets or exceeds all criteria for that grade and all grades below it.

Use Customer Retail Unit Cost to value real losses
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Reporting Worksheet 1 Page 358 of 578 Water Audit Report for: City of Arcata (CA1210021)
Reporting Year:

System Attributes:

Apparent Losses: 0.641 MG/Yr
+ Real Losses: 1.464 MG/Yr
= Water Losses: 2.104 MG/Yr
Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL): See limits in definition MG/Yr Annual cost of Apparent Losses: $5,773
Annual cost of Real Losses: $4,213 Valued at Variable Production Cost Performance Indicators:

Non-revenue water as percent by volume of Water Supplied: 10.0% Non-revenue water as percent by cost of operating system: 6.7% Real Losses valued at Variable Production Cost Apparent Losses per service connection per day: 5.30 gallons/connection/day Real Losses per service connection per day: 12.12 gallons/connection/day Real Losses per length of main per day*: N/A
Real Losses per service connection per day per psi pressure: 0.18 gallons/connection/day/psi From Above, Real Losses = Current Annual Real Losses (CARL): 1.46 million gallons/year * This performance indicator applies for systems with a low service connection density of less than 32 service connections/mile of pipeline AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

System Attributes and Performance Indicators
*** YOUR WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE IS: 45 out of 100 *** Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) [CARL/UARL]:
2021 1/2021 - 12/2021
Return to Reporting Worksheet to change this assumpiton ?
?
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2014, All Rights Reserved.

WAS v5.0
Financial:

Operational Efficiency:

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Page 359 of 578 Performance Indicators 1 Water Audit Report for:

Reporting Year: 2021 1/2021 - 12/2021
Data Validity Score: 45
Water Exported Revenue Water

0.000 0.000
Billed Metered Consumption (water exported
is removed) Revenue Water

21.646
Own Sources Authorized
Consumption 21.646 Billed Unmetered Consumption 21.646

0.000

21.947 Unbilled Metered Consumption

0.000

0.000 0.301 Unbilled Unmetered Consumption

0.301
System Input Water Supplied Unauthorized Consumption 2.405

24.051 Apparent Losses 0.368

24.051 0.641 Customer Metering Inaccuracies

0.219
Systematic Data Handling Errors
Water Losses 0.054
Water Imported 2.104 Leakage on Transmission and/or Distribution Mains
Real Losses Not broken down

24.051 1.464 Leakage and Overflows at Utility's Storage Tanks
Not broken down
Leakage on Service Connections
Not broken down
AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Water Balance
Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
Billed Authorized Consumption
Unbilled Authorized Consumption
(Adjusted for known
errors)
Billed Water Exported
City of Arcata (CA1210021)
WAS v5.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2014, All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Water Balance 1 Page 360 of 578 Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR WATER SUPPLIED choose entry option:

VOS Volume from Own Sources: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n g n/a percent MG/Yr under-registration VOSEA WI Water Imported: n g 1 19.567 MG/Yr n g 3 10.00% percent MG/Yr under-registration WIEA WE Water Exported: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n g n/a percent MG/Yr select….. WEEA

21.741 MG/Yr
.

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
BMAC Billed Metered: n g 8 19.567 MG/Yr
BUAC Billed Unmetered: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr
UMAC Unbilled Metered: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr choose entry option:

UUAC Unbilled Unmetered: n g 3 0.049 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr Default option selected for Unbilled Unmetered, with automatic data grading of 3

19.616 MG/Yr
WATER LOSSES 2.125 MG/Yr
Apparent Losses
Default option selected for Systematic Data Handling Errors, with automatic data grading of 3 choose entry option:

SDHE Systematic Data Handling Errors: n g 3 0.049 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr CMI Customer Metering Inaccuracies: n g 4 0.198 MG/Yr 1.00% percent MG/Yr under-registration UC Unauthorized Consumption: n g 6 0.229 MG/Yr 0.25% custom MG/Yr

0.476 MG/Yr
Real Losses

1.650 MG/Yr

2.125 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATER

2.174 MG/Yr

SYSTEM DATA
Lm Length of mains: n g 8 8.4 miles (including fire hydrant lead lengths) Nc Number of service connections: n g 8 331 (active and inactive) Service connection density: 39 conn./mile main
Yes
Lp Average length of (private) customer service line: n g 10 ft (average distance between property line and meter) AOP Average Operating Pressure: n g 3 63.0 psi

COST DATA
CRUC Customer Retail Unit Charge: n g 5 $7.36
VPC Variable Production Cost: n g 9 $3,276.28 $/Million gallons $/yr (optional input) WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY TIER:
go to
dashboard
PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION TO IMPROVE DATA VALIDITY: KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR TARGETS:

Based on the information provided, audit reliability can be most improved by addressing the following components: OPTIONAL: If targets exist for the operational performance indicators, they can be input below:
1: Water Imported (WI) Unit Total Losses: gal/conn/day
2: Customer Metering Inaccuracies (CMI) Unit Apparent Losses: gal/conn/day 3: Billed Metered (BMAC) Unit Real LossesA
: gal/conn/day
Unit Real LossesB: gal/mile/day
If entered above by user, targets will display on KPI gauges (see Dashboard) Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop/property line? AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

Worksheet
Jacoby Creek Water District
Jan 01 2022 - Dec 31 2022
Water Supplied Error Adjustments
2022 Calendar
Real Losses:

WATER LOSSES:

Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading of 10 has been applied A weighted scale for the components of supply, consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score *** The Water Audit Data Validity Score is in Tier II (26-50). See Dashboard tab for additional outputs. *** $/100 cubic feet (ccf)
$170,332
Total Annual Operating Cost
go to start page
NON-REVENUE WATER:

If entering an
Error Adjustment,
select under- or overregistration

0.229
WATER SUPPLIED:

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION:

Apparent Losses:

Click 'g' to determine data validity grade
Click 'n' to add notes
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

To access definitions, click the input name
To edit water system info:

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Worksheet 1 Page 361 of 578 AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Dashboard
Water Audit Report for: Jacoby Creek Water District Audit Year: Calendar Jan 01 2022 - Dec 31 2022 Actual KPI result Target (see Worksheet)
1 US$ = Local
Data Validity Score: Data Validity Tier: enter current conversion rate for local currency Tier II (26-50) Tier III (51-70)
Tier IV (71-90)
Tier I (≤25)
Tier V (91-100)
Total Loss Cost Rate Apparent Loss Cost Rate Real Loss Cost Rate $/conn/year $/conn/year $/conn/year
NRW Components Summary
Unit Total Losses Unit Apparent Losses Unit Real LossesA gal/conn/day gal/conn/day gal/conn/day
Average Operating Pressure
psi
Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) Unit Real LossesB
dimensionless gal/mile/day
See UARL definition for additional guidance on the ILI
Real Losses Unauthorized Consumption MG/Yr gal/conn/day Systematic Data Handling Errors Unbilled Unmetered Auth Cons Customer Metering Inaccuracies Unbilled Metered Authorized Cons Apparent Losses
Real Losses
Unbilled Authorized Cons
Non-Revenue Water
2022
47 Tier II (26-50)
Data Validity
gauge %iles per validated industry ranges2

0.737
See Loss Control Planning for Tier Details
Key Performance Indicators
result is below
10th %ile

16.33 go to worksheet go to grading go to references

30.46 17.6

14.14 3.9
(UARL) Unavoidable Annual Real Losses
result is below
10th %ile

2.2 18.1
VPC

0.8 538
result is below
10th %ile
result is below
10th %ile

13.7 63
CRUC
Basis of Valuation
Blended

0.0 2.2
$4,679
$5,405
$160
$10,244

0.5 1.6 VPC
Volume Value
MG/Yr $/Yr
0 1
1 2
2 3
Volume (MG/Yr)
Total Volume of NRW = 2 MG/Yr
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
Total Cost of NRW =
$10,244/Yr
10th %ile
25th %ile
Median
75th %ile
90th %ile
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

FWAS v6.0
Median
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile
Median Median
Median
Median Median
Median Median
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile 25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
75 75 th %ile 75th %ile th %ile
75th %ile 75th %ile 75th %ile
75 75 th %ile th %ile
10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile
90 10th %ile th %ile 90 10 th %ile th %ile
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile 10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile Guidance Information for Key Performance

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 362 of 578 Dashboard 1 Table 1 Source: AWWA Water Loss Control Committee Report (2020)1, with naming conventions updated 2020 AWWA Water Audit Method – Water Audit Outputs and Key Performance Indicators: Uses and Limitations Type Indicator Description
Suitable Purposes
Uses and Limitations Principal
Users Assessment BenchMarking
TargetSetting
Planning Tracking
Attribute Apparent Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Apparent Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess cost loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss cost level Utility, Regulators Unavoidable Annual
Real Loss (UARL)
Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Reveal theoretical technical low level of leakage
Utility, Regulators
Volume Unit Apparent Losses
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators
Unit Real LossesA
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Real LossesB
(vol/pipeline length/
day)
Strong and understandable indicator for use
by utilities with low connection density.
     Data collection and
assessment of systems with
“low” connection density
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Total Losses
(vol/conn/day)
New KPI
Strong and understandable indicator,
suitable for high-level performance
measurement.
  High level indicator for
trending analysis. Not
appropriate for target-setting
or benchmarking
Utilities,
Customers
Infrastructure Leakage
Index (ILI)
Robust, specialized ratio KPI; can be
influenced by pressure and connection
density.
   Benchmarking after pressure
management is implemented
Utilities
Value Apparent Loss Cost
Rate (value/conn/year)
New KPI
Indicators with sufficient technical rigor.

Provide the unit financial value of each type
of loss, which is useful for planning and
assessment of cost efficiency of water loss
reduction and control interventions and
programs.
   Data collection and
assessment on AWWA
indicators or contextual
parameters to use in
conjunction with Loss Cost
Rates
Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Real Loss Cost Rate
(value/conn/year)
New KPI
   Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Validity Data Validity Tier
(DVT)
Strong indicator of water loss audit data
quality, if data has been validated. Tier
provides guidance on priority areas of
activity.
    Assess caliber of data inputs
of the water audit
Regulators,
Utilities
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 363 of 578 Dashboard 2 Water Balance Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year: 2022 Jan 01 2022 - Dec 31 2022
Data Validity Tier: Tier II (26-50)
Water Exported
(WE)
(corrected for known
errors)
Revenue Water
(Exported)

0.000 0.000
Billed Metered Consumption (BMAC)
(water exported is removed) Revenue Water

19.567

19.567 Billed Unmetered Consumption (BUAC) 19.567

0.000

19.616 Unbilled Metered Consumption (UMAC)

0.000

0.000 0.049 Unbilled Unmetered Consumption (UUAC)

0.049
Water Supplied Systematic Data Handling Errors (SDHE) 2.174

21.741 Apparent Losses 0.049

21.741 0.476 Customer Metering Inaccuracies (CMI)

0.198
Unauthorized Consumption (UC)
Water Losses 0.229

2.125 Leakage on Transmission and/or Distribution
Mains
Real Losses Not broken down

21.741 1.650 Leakage and Overflows at Utility's Storage Tanks
Not broken down
Leakage on Service Connections
Not broken down
Water Imported (WI)
(corrected for known
errors)
AWWA Free Water Audit Software
Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
Billed Authorized Consumption
Unbilled Authorized Consumption
(corrected for known
errors)
Jacoby Creek Water District
Billed Water Exported
Volume from Own
Sources (VOS)
System Input
Volume
Authorized
Consumption
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Water Balance 1 Page 364 of 578 Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR WATER SUPPLIED choose entry option:

VOS Volume from Own Sources: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n g n/a percent MG/Yr under-registration VOSEA WI Water Imported: n g 1 18.591 MG/Yr n g 3 10.00% percent MG/Yr under-registration WIEA WE Water Exported: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n g n/a percent MG/Yr select….. WEEA

20.657 MG/Yr
.

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
BMAC Billed Metered: n g 8 18.591 MG/Yr
BUAC Billed Unmetered: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr
UMAC Unbilled Metered: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr choose entry option:

UUAC Unbilled Unmetered: n g 3 0.046 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr Default option selected for Unbilled Unmetered, with automatic data grading of 3

18.637 MG/Yr
WATER LOSSES 2.019 MG/Yr
Apparent Losses
Default option selected for Systematic Data Handling Errors, with automatic data grading of 3 choose entry option:

SDHE Systematic Data Handling Errors: n g 3 0.046 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr CMI Customer Metering Inaccuracies: n g 6 0.856 MG/Yr 4.40% percent MG/Yr under-registration UC Unauthorized Consumption: n g 6 0.296 MG/Yr 0.25% custom MG/Yr

1.198 MG/Yr
Real Losses

0.821 MG/Yr

2.019 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATER

2.066 MG/Yr

SYSTEM DATA
Lm Length of mains: n g 8 8.4 miles (including fire hydrant lead lengths) Nc Number of service connections: n g 10 335 (active and inactive) Service connection density: 40 conn./mile main
Yes
Lp Average length of (private) customer service line: n g 10 ft (average distance between property line and meter) AOP Average Operating Pressure: n g 3 63.3 psi

COST DATA
CRUC Customer Retail Unit Charge: n g 5 $6.88
VPC Variable Production Cost: n g 9 $3,010.14 $/Million gallons $/yr (optional input) WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY TIER:
go to
dashboard
PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION TO IMPROVE DATA VALIDITY: KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR TARGETS:

Based on the information provided, audit reliability can be most improved by addressing the following components: OPTIONAL: If targets exist for the operational performance indicators, they can be input below:
1: Water Imported (WI) Unit Total Losses: gal/conn/day
2: Billed Metered (BMAC) Unit Apparent Losses: gal/conn/day 3: Customer Retail Unit Charge (CRUC) Unit Real LossesA : gal/conn/day
Unit Real LossesB: gal/mile/day
If entered above by user, targets will display on KPI gauges (see Dashboard) Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop/property line? AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

Worksheet
Jacoby Creek Water District
Jan 01 2023 - Dec 31 2023
Water Supplied Error Adjustments
2023 Calendar
Real Losses:

WATER LOSSES:

Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading of 10 has been applied A weighted scale for the components of supply, consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score *** The Water Audit Data Validity Score is in Tier II (26-50). See Dashboard tab for additional outputs. *** $/100 cubic feet (ccf)
$237,240
Total Annual Operating Cost
go to start page
NON-REVENUE WATER:

If entering an
Error Adjustment,
select under- or overregistration

0.296
WATER SUPPLIED:

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION:

Apparent Losses:

Click 'g' to determine data validity grade
Click 'n' to add notes
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

To access definitions, click the input name
To edit water system info:

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Worksheet 1 Page 365 of 578 AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Dashboard
Water Audit Report for: Jacoby Creek Water District Audit Year: Calendar Jan 01 2023 - Dec 31 2023 Actual KPI result Target (see Worksheet)
1 US$ = Local
Data Validity Score: Data Validity Tier: enter current conversion rate for local currency Tier II (26-50) Tier III (51-70)
Tier IV (71-90)
Tier I (≤25)
Tier V (91-100)
Total Loss Cost Rate Apparent Loss Cost Rate Real Loss Cost Rate $/conn/year $/conn/year $/conn/year
NRW Components Summary
Unit Total Losses Unit Apparent Losses Unit Real LossesA gal/conn/day gal/conn/day gal/conn/day
Average Operating Pressure
psi
Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) Unit Real LossesB
dimensionless gal/mile/day
See UARL definition for additional guidance on the ILI
Real Losses Unauthorized Consumption MG/Yr gal/conn/day Systematic Data Handling Errors Unbilled Unmetered Auth Cons Customer Metering Inaccuracies Unbilled Metered Authorized Cons Apparent Losses
Real Losses
Unbilled Authorized Cons
Non-Revenue Water
2023
50 Tier II (26-50)
Data Validity
gauge %iles per validated industry ranges2

0.737
See Loss Control Planning for Tier Details
Key Performance Indicators
result is below
10th %ile

7.38 go to worksheet go to grading go to references

40.27 16.5
result is above
90th %ile

32.89 9.8
(UARL) Unavoidable Annual Real Losses
result is below
10th %ile

2.2 18.1
VPC

0.4 267
result is below
10th %ile
result is below
10th %ile

6.7 63.3
CRUC
Basis of Valuation
Blended

0.0 2.1
$11,019
$2,472
$140
$13,631

1.2 0.8 VPC
Volume Value
MG/Yr $/Yr
0 1
1 2
2 3
Volume (MG/Yr)
Total Volume of NRW = 2 MG/Yr
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
$14,000
$16,000
Total Cost of NRW =
$13,631/Yr
10th %ile
25th %ile
Median
75th %ile
90th %ile
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

FWAS v6.0
Median
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile
Median Median
Median
Median Median
Median Median
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile 25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
75 75 th %ile 75th %ile th %ile
75th %ile 75th %ile 75th %ile
75 75 th %ile th %ile
10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile
90 10th %ile th %ile 90 10 th %ile th %ile
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile 10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile Guidance Information for Key Performance

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 366 of 578 Dashboard 1 Table 1 Source: AWWA Water Loss Control Committee Report (2020)1, with naming conventions updated 2020 AWWA Water Audit Method – Water Audit Outputs and Key Performance Indicators: Uses and Limitations Type Indicator Description
Suitable Purposes
Uses and Limitations Principal
Users Assessment BenchMarking
TargetSetting
Planning Tracking
Attribute Apparent Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Apparent Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess cost loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss cost level Utility, Regulators Unavoidable Annual
Real Loss (UARL)
Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Reveal theoretical technical low level of leakage
Utility, Regulators
Volume Unit Apparent Losses
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators
Unit Real LossesA
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Real LossesB
(vol/pipeline length/
day)
Strong and understandable indicator for use
by utilities with low connection density.
     Data collection and
assessment of systems with
“low” connection density
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Total Losses
(vol/conn/day)
New KPI
Strong and understandable indicator,
suitable for high-level performance
measurement.
  High level indicator for
trending analysis. Not
appropriate for target-setting
or benchmarking
Utilities,
Customers
Infrastructure Leakage
Index (ILI)
Robust, specialized ratio KPI; can be
influenced by pressure and connection
density.
   Benchmarking after pressure
management is implemented
Utilities
Value Apparent Loss Cost
Rate (value/conn/year)
New KPI
Indicators with sufficient technical rigor.

Provide the unit financial value of each type
of loss, which is useful for planning and
assessment of cost efficiency of water loss
reduction and control interventions and
programs.
   Data collection and
assessment on AWWA
indicators or contextual
parameters to use in
conjunction with Loss Cost
Rates
Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Real Loss Cost Rate
(value/conn/year)
New KPI
   Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Validity Data Validity Tier
(DVT)
Strong indicator of water loss audit data
quality, if data has been validated. Tier
provides guidance on priority areas of
activity.
    Assess caliber of data inputs
of the water audit
Regulators,
Utilities
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 367 of 578 Dashboard 2 Water Balance Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year: 2023 Jan 01 2023 - Dec 31 2023
Data Validity Tier: Tier II (26-50)
Water Exported
(WE)
(corrected for known
errors)
Revenue Water
(Exported)

0.000 0.000
Billed Metered Consumption (BMAC)
(water exported is removed) Revenue Water

18.591

18.591 Billed Unmetered Consumption (BUAC) 18.591

0.000

18.637 Unbilled Metered Consumption (UMAC)

0.000

0.000 0.046 Unbilled Unmetered Consumption (UUAC)

0.046
Water Supplied Systematic Data Handling Errors (SDHE) 2.066

20.657 Apparent Losses 0.046

20.657 1.198 Customer Metering Inaccuracies (CMI)

0.856
Unauthorized Consumption (UC)
Water Losses 0.296

2.019 Leakage on Transmission and/or Distribution
Mains
Real Losses Not broken down

20.657 0.821 Leakage and Overflows at Utility's Storage Tanks
Not broken down
Leakage on Service Connections
Not broken down
Water Imported (WI)
(corrected for known
errors)
AWWA Free Water Audit Software
Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
Billed Authorized Consumption
Unbilled Authorized Consumption
(corrected for known
errors)
Jacoby Creek Water District
Billed Water Exported
Volume from Own
Sources (VOS)
System Input
Volume
Authorized
Consumption
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Water Balance 1 Page 368 of 578 Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR WATER SUPPLIED choose entry option:

VOS Volume from Own Sources: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n g n/a percent MG/Yr under-registration VOSEA WI Water Imported: n g 1 17.926 MG/Yr n g 3 10.00% percent MG/Yr under-registration WIEA WE Water Exported: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n g n/a percent MG/Yr select….. WEEA

19.918 MG/Yr
.

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
BMAC Billed Metered: n g 8 17.926 MG/Yr
BUAC Billed Unmetered: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr
UMAC Unbilled Metered: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr choose entry option:

UUAC Unbilled Unmetered: n g 3 0.045 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr Default option selected for Unbilled Unmetered, with automatic data grading of 3

17.971 MG/Yr
WATER LOSSES 1.947 MG/Yr
Apparent Losses
Default option selected for Systematic Data Handling Errors, with automatic data grading of 3 choose entry option:

SDHE Systematic Data Handling Errors: n g 3 0.045 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr CMI Customer Metering Inaccuracies: n g 7 0.250 MG/Yr 1.38% percent MG/Yr under-registration UC Unauthorized Consumption: n g 6 0.500 MG/Yr 0.25% custom MG/Yr

0.795 MG/Yr
Real Losses

1.152 MG/Yr

1.947 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATER

1.992 MG/Yr

SYSTEM DATA
Lm Length of mains: n g 8 8.4 miles (including fire hydrant lead lengths) Nc Number of service connections: n g 8 335 (active and inactive) Service connection density: 40 conn./mile main
Yes
Lp Average length of (private) customer service line: n g 10 ft (average distance between property line and meter) AOP Average Operating Pressure: n g 3 61.3 psi

COST DATA
CRUC Customer Retail Unit Charge: n g 5 $5.95
VPC Variable Production Cost: n g 9 $3,193.57 $/Million gallons $/yr (optional input) WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY TIER:
go to
dashboard
PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION TO IMPROVE DATA VALIDITY: KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR TARGETS:

Based on the information provided, audit reliability can be most improved by addressing the following components: OPTIONAL: If targets exist for the operational performance indicators, they can be input below:
1: Water Imported (WI) Unit Total Losses: gal/conn/day
2: Billed Metered (BMAC) Unit Apparent Losses: gal/conn/day 3: Customer Retail Unit Charge (CRUC) Unit Real LossesA : gal/conn/day
Unit Real LossesB: gal/mile/day
If entered above by user, targets will display on KPI gauges (see Dashboard) Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop/property line? AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

Worksheet
Jacoby Creek Water District
Jan 01 2024 - Dec 31 2024
Water Supplied Error Adjustments
2024 Calendar
Real Losses:

WATER LOSSES:

Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading of 10 has been applied A weighted scale for the components of supply, consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score *** The Water Audit Data Validity Score is in Tier II (26-50). See Dashboard tab for additional outputs. *** $/100 cubic feet (ccf)
$227,008
Total Annual Operating Cost
go to start page
NON-REVENUE WATER:

If entering an
Error Adjustment,
select under- or overregistration

0.500
WATER SUPPLIED:

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION:

Apparent Losses:

Click 'g' to determine data validity grade
Click 'n' to add notes
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

To access definitions, click the input name
To edit water system info:

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Worksheet 1 Page 369 of 578 AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Dashboard
Water Audit Report for: Jacoby Creek Water District Audit Year: Calendar Jan 01 2024 - Dec 31 2024 Actual KPI result Target (see Worksheet)
1 US$ = Local
Data Validity Score: Data Validity Tier: enter current conversion rate for local currency Tier II (26-50) Tier III (51-70)
Tier IV (71-90)
Tier I (≤25)
Tier V (91-100)
Total Loss Cost Rate Apparent Loss Cost Rate Real Loss Cost Rate $/conn/year $/conn/year $/conn/year
NRW Components Summary
Unit Total Losses Unit Apparent Losses Unit Real LossesA gal/conn/day gal/conn/day gal/conn/day
Average Operating Pressure
psi
Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) Unit Real LossesB
dimensionless gal/mile/day
See UARL definition for additional guidance on the ILI
Real Losses Unauthorized Consumption MG/Yr gal/conn/day Systematic Data Handling Errors Unbilled Unmetered Auth Cons Customer Metering Inaccuracies Unbilled Metered Authorized Cons Apparent Losses
Real Losses
Unbilled Authorized Cons
Non-Revenue Water
2024
49 Tier II (26-50)
Data Validity
gauge %iles per validated industry ranges2

0.737
See Loss Control Planning for Tier Details
Key Performance Indicators
result is below
10th %ile

10.98 go to worksheet go to grading go to references

29.85 15.9

18.87 6.5
(UARL) Unavoidable Annual Real Losses
result is below
10th %ile

2.1 17.5
VPC

0.5 374
result is below
10th %ile
result is below
10th %ile

9.4 61.3
CRUC
Basis of Valuation
Blended

0.0 2.0
$6,321
$3,680
$143
$10,144

0.8 1.2 VPC
Volume Value
MG/Yr $/Yr
0 1
1 2
2 3
Volume (MG/Yr)
Total Volume of NRW = 2 MG/Yr
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
Total Cost of NRW =
$10,144/Yr
10th %ile
25th %ile
Median
75th %ile
90th %ile
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

FWAS v6.0
Median
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile
Median Median
Median
Median Median
Median Median
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile 25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
75 75 th %ile 75th %ile th %ile
75th %ile 75th %ile 75th %ile
75 75 th %ile th %ile
10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile
90 10th %ile th %ile 90 10 th %ile th %ile
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile 10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile Guidance Information for Key Performance

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 370 of 578 Dashboard 1 Table 1 Source: AWWA Water Loss Control Committee Report (2020)1, with naming conventions updated 2020 AWWA Water Audit Method – Water Audit Outputs and Key Performance Indicators: Uses and Limitations Type Indicator Description
Suitable Purposes
Uses and Limitations Principal
Users Assessment BenchMarking
TargetSetting
Planning Tracking
Attribute Apparent Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Apparent Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess cost loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss cost level Utility, Regulators Unavoidable Annual
Real Loss (UARL)
Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Reveal theoretical technical low level of leakage
Utility, Regulators
Volume Unit Apparent Losses
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators
Unit Real LossesA
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Real LossesB
(vol/pipeline length/
day)
Strong and understandable indicator for use
by utilities with low connection density.
     Data collection and
assessment of systems with
“low” connection density
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Total Losses
(vol/conn/day)
New KPI
Strong and understandable indicator,
suitable for high-level performance
measurement.
  High level indicator for
trending analysis. Not
appropriate for target-setting
or benchmarking
Utilities,
Customers
Infrastructure Leakage
Index (ILI)
Robust, specialized ratio KPI; can be
influenced by pressure and connection
density.
   Benchmarking after pressure
management is implemented
Utilities
Value Apparent Loss Cost
Rate (value/conn/year)
New KPI
Indicators with sufficient technical rigor.

Provide the unit financial value of each type
of loss, which is useful for planning and
assessment of cost efficiency of water loss
reduction and control interventions and
programs.
   Data collection and
assessment on AWWA
indicators or contextual
parameters to use in
conjunction with Loss Cost
Rates
Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Real Loss Cost Rate
(value/conn/year)
New KPI
   Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Validity Data Validity Tier
(DVT)
Strong indicator of water loss audit data
quality, if data has been validated. Tier
provides guidance on priority areas of
activity.
    Assess caliber of data inputs
of the water audit
Regulators,
Utilities
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 371 of 578 Dashboard 2 Water Balance Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year: 2024 Jan 01 2024 - Dec 31 2024
Data Validity Tier: Tier II (26-50)
Water Exported
(WE)
(corrected for known
errors)
Revenue Water
(Exported)

0.000 0.000
Billed Metered Consumption (BMAC)
(water exported is removed) Revenue Water

17.926

17.926 Billed Unmetered Consumption (BUAC) 17.926

0.000

17.971 Unbilled Metered Consumption (UMAC)

0.000

0.000 0.045 Unbilled Unmetered Consumption (UUAC)

0.045
Water Supplied Systematic Data Handling Errors (SDHE) 1.992

19.918 Apparent Losses 0.045

19.918 0.795 Customer Metering Inaccuracies (CMI)

0.250
Unauthorized Consumption (UC)
Water Losses 0.500

1.947 Leakage on Transmission and/or Distribution
Mains
Real Losses Not broken down

19.918 1.152 Leakage and Overflows at Utility's Storage Tanks
Not broken down
Leakage on Service Connections
Not broken down
Water Imported (WI)
(corrected for known
errors)
AWWA Free Water Audit Software
Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
Billed Authorized Consumption
Unbilled Authorized Consumption
(corrected for known
errors)
Jacoby Creek Water District
Billed Water Exported
Volume from Own
Sources (VOS)
System Input
Volume
Authorized
Consumption
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Water Balance 1 Page 372 of 578 Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year:

All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR WATER SUPPLIED choose entry option:

VOS Volume from Own Sources: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n g n/a percent MG/Yr under-registration VOSEA WI Water Imported: n g 1 19.182 MG/Yr n g 3 10.00% percent MG/Yr under-registration WIEA WE Water Exported: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr n g n/a percent MG/Yr select….. WEEA

21.313 MG/Yr
.

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
BMAC Billed Metered: n g 8 19.182 MG/Yr
BUAC Billed Unmetered: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr
UMAC Unbilled Metered: n g n/a 0.000 MG/Yr choose entry option:

UUAC Unbilled Unmetered: n g 3 0.048 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr Default option selected for Unbilled Unmetered, with automatic data grading of 3

19.230 MG/Yr
WATER LOSSES 2.083 MG/Yr
Apparent Losses
Default option selected for Systematic Data Handling Errors, with automatic data grading of 3 choose entry option:

SDHE Systematic Data Handling Errors: n g 3 0.048 MG/Yr 0.25% default MG/Yr CMI Customer Metering Inaccuracies: n g 7 0.267 MG/Yr 1.38% percent MG/Yr under-registration UC Unauthorized Consumption: n g 6 0.050 MG/Yr 0.25% custom MG/Yr

0.365 MG/Yr
Real Losses

1.718 MG/Yr

2.083 MG/Yr

NON-REVENUE WATER

2.131 MG/Yr

SYSTEM DATA
Lm Length of mains: n g 8 8.4 miles (including fire hydrant lead lengths) Nc Number of service connections: n g 8 335 (active and inactive) Service connection density: 40 conn./mile main
Yes
Lp Average length of (private) customer service line: n g 10 ft (average distance between property line and meter) AOP Average Operating Pressure: n g 3 57.0 psi

COST DATA
CRUC Customer Retail Unit Charge: n g 5 $7.15
VPC Variable Production Cost: n g 9 $2,973.83 $/Million gallons $/yr (optional input) WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY TIER:
go to
dashboard
PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION TO IMPROVE DATA VALIDITY: KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR TARGETS:

Based on the information provided, audit reliability can be most improved by addressing the following components: OPTIONAL: If targets exist for the operational performance indicators, they can be input below:
1: Water Imported (WI) Unit Total Losses: gal/conn/day
2: Billed Metered (BMAC) Unit Apparent Losses: gal/conn/day 3: Customer Retail Unit Charge (CRUC) Unit Real LossesA : gal/conn/day
Unit Real LossesB: gal/mile/day
If entered above by user, targets will display on KPI gauges (see Dashboard) go to start page
NON-REVENUE WATER:

If entering an
Error Adjustment,
select under- or overregistration

0.050
WATER SUPPLIED:

AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION:

Apparent Losses:

Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading of 10 has been applied A weighted scale for the components of supply, consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score *** The Water Audit Data Validity Score is in Tier II (26-50). See Dashboard tab for additional outputs. *** $/100 cubic feet (ccf)
$421,549
Total Annual Operating Cost
Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop/property line? AWWA Free Water Audit Software:

Worksheet
Jacoby Creek Water District
Jan 01 2025 - Dec 31 2025
Water Supplied Error Adjustments
2025 Calendar
Real Losses:

WATER LOSSES:

Click 'g' to determine data validity grade
Click 'n' to add notes
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

To access definitions, click the input name
To edit water system info:

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Worksheet 1 Page 373 of 578 AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Dashboard
Water Audit Report for: Jacoby Creek Water District Audit Year: Calendar Jan 01 2025 - Dec 31 2025 Actual KPI result Target (see Worksheet)
1 US$ = Local
Data Validity Score: Data Validity Tier: enter current conversion rate for local currency Tier II (26-50) Tier III (51-70)
Tier IV (71-90)
Tier I (≤25)
Tier V (91-100)
Total Loss Cost Rate Apparent Loss Cost Rate Real Loss Cost Rate $/conn/year $/conn/year $/conn/year
NRW Components Summary
Unit Total Losses Unit Apparent Losses Unit Real LossesA gal/conn/day gal/conn/day gal/conn/day
Average Operating Pressure
psi
Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) Unit Real LossesB
dimensionless gal/mile/day
See UARL definition for additional guidance on the ILI
Real Losses Unauthorized Consumption MG/Yr gal/conn/day Systematic Data Handling Errors Unbilled Unmetered Auth Cons Customer Metering Inaccuracies Unbilled Metered Authorized Cons Apparent Losses
Real Losses
Unbilled Authorized Cons
Non-Revenue Water Blended

0.0 2.1
$3,492
$5,109
$143
$8,744

0.4 1.7 VPC
Volume Value
MG/Yr $/Yr
(UARL) Unavoidable Annual Real Losses
result is below
10th %ile

2.0 16.3
VPC

0.9 558
result is below
10th %ile
result is below
10th %ile

14.1 57
CRUC
Basis of Valuation

25.68 17.0

10.43 3.0
result is below
10th %ile

15.25 go to worksheet go to grading go to references
2025
49 Tier II (26-50)
Data Validity
gauge %iles per validated industry ranges2

0.737
See Loss Control Planning for Tier Details
Key Performance Indicators
0 1
1 2
2 3
Volume (MG/Yr)
Total Volume of NRW = 2 MG/Yr
$0
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000
$8,000
$9,000
$10,000
Total Cost of NRW =
$8,744/Yr
10th %ile
25th %ile
Median
75th %ile
90th %ile
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

FWAS v6.0
Median
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile
Median Median
Median
Median Median
Median Median
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile 25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
25th
%ile
75 75 th %ile 75th %ile th %ile
75th %ile 75th %ile 75th %ile
75 75 th %ile th %ile
10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile
90 10th %ile th %ile 90 10 th %ile th %ile
90 90 th %ile 90 th %ile th %ile 10 10 th %ile 10 th %ile th %ile Guidance Information for Key Performance

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 374 of 578 Dashboard 1 Table 1 Source: AWWA Water Loss Control Committee Report (2020)1, with naming conventions updated 2020 AWWA Water Audit Method – Water Audit Outputs and Key Performance Indicators: Uses and Limitations Type Indicator Description
Suitable Purposes
Uses and Limitations Principal
Users Assessment BenchMarking
TargetSetting
Planning Tracking
Attribute Apparent Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Apparent Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess cost loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Volume Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss level Utility, Regulators Real Loss Cost Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Assess loss cost level Utility, Regulators Unavoidable Annual
Real Loss (UARL)
Calculated by Free Water Audit Software   Reveal theoretical technical low level of leakage
Utility, Regulators
Volume Unit Apparent Losses
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators
Unit Real LossesA
(vol/conn/day)
Strong and understandable indicator for
multiple users.
     Used for performance
tracking and target-setting
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Real LossesB
(vol/pipeline length/
day)
Strong and understandable indicator for use
by utilities with low connection density.
     Data collection and
assessment of systems with
“low” connection density
Utility, Regulators,
Policy Makers
Unit Total Losses
(vol/conn/day)
New KPI
Strong and understandable indicator,
suitable for high-level performance
measurement.
  High level indicator for
trending analysis. Not
appropriate for target-setting
or benchmarking
Utilities,
Customers
Infrastructure Leakage
Index (ILI)
Robust, specialized ratio KPI; can be
influenced by pressure and connection
density.
   Benchmarking after pressure
management is implemented
Utilities
Value Apparent Loss Cost
Rate (value/conn/year)
New KPI
Indicators with sufficient technical rigor.

Provide the unit financial value of each type
of loss, which is useful for planning and
assessment of cost efficiency of water loss
reduction and control interventions and
programs.
   Data collection and
assessment on AWWA
indicators or contextual
parameters to use in
conjunction with Loss Cost
Rates
Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Real Loss Cost Rate
(value/conn/year)
New KPI
   Utilities,
Regulators,
Customers
Validity Data Validity Tier
(DVT)
Strong indicator of water loss audit data
quality, if data has been validated. Tier
provides guidance on priority areas of
activity.
    Assess caliber of data inputs
of the water audit
Regulators,
Utilities
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Page 375 of 578 Dashboard 2 Water Balance Water Audit Report for:

Audit Year: 2025 Jan 01 2025 - Dec 31 2025
Data Validity Tier: Tier II (26-50)
Water Exported
(WE)
(corrected for known
errors)
Revenue Water
(Exported)

0.000 0.000
Billed Metered Consumption (BMAC)
(water exported is removed) Revenue Water

19.182

19.182 Billed Unmetered Consumption (BUAC) 19.182

0.000

19.230 Unbilled Metered Consumption (UMAC)

0.000

0.000 0.048 Unbilled Unmetered Consumption (UUAC)

0.048
Water Supplied Systematic Data Handling Errors (SDHE) 2.131

21.313 Apparent Losses 0.048

21.313 0.365 Customer Metering Inaccuracies (CMI)

0.267
Unauthorized Consumption (UC)
Water Losses 0.050

2.083 Leakage on Transmission and/or Distribution
Mains
Real Losses Not broken down

21.313 1.718 Leakage and Overflows at Utility's Storage Tanks
Not broken down
Leakage on Service Connections
Not broken down
Water Imported (WI)
(corrected for known
errors)
AWWA Free Water Audit Software
Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
Billed Authorized Consumption
Unbilled Authorized Consumption
(corrected for known
errors)
Jacoby Creek Water District
Billed Water Exported
Volume from Own
Sources (VOS)
System Input
Volume
Authorized
Consumption
FWAS v6.0
American Water Works Association.

Copyright © 2020, All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Free Water Audit Software v6.0 Water Balance 1 Page 376 of 578 Appendix I
SBX 7-7 Submittal Tables

SB X7-7 Table 0: Units of Measure Used in 2020 UWMP*
Million Gallons
*The unit of measure must be consistent throughout the UWMP.

NOTES: Method for population estimate described in detail in the City of Arcata 2020 Urban Water Management Plan, Appendix E.

SB X7-7 Table 2: Method for 2020 Population Estimate
Method Used to Determine 2020 Population

1. Department of Finance (DOF) or
American Community Survey (ACS)

3. DWR Population Tool

4. Other
DWR recommends pre-review

2. Persons-per-Connection Method
2020 20,095
SB X7-7 Table 3: 2020 Service Area Population
2020 Compliance Year Population
Exported
Water
Change in
Dist.

System
Storage
(+/-)
Indirect
Recycled
Water
Water
Delivered
for
Agricultural
Use
Process
Water
614 - - 614
SB X7-7 Table 4: 2020 Gross Water Use
2020 Volume
Into
Distribution
System
2020 Gross
Water Use
2020 Deductions
Compliance
Year 2020

Volume
Entering
Distribution
System
Meter Error
Adjustment
Optional
(+/-)
Corrected Volume
Entering Distribution
System
607 - 607
Volume
Entering
Distribution
System
Meter Error
Adjustment
Optional
(+/-)
Corrected Volume
Entering Distribution
System
7 7
Volume
Entering
Distribution
System
Meter Error
Adjustment
Optional
(+/-)
Corrected Volume
Entering Distribution
System
0 0
NOTES: Wymore intertie serves as a connection to HBMWD, via the McKinleville Services District, and was installed in 2014. It is used as an alternate means of getting water into the system if there is an emergency or loss of other connections with HBMWD. A 5/8-inch metered bypass was installed around the main shut-off valve to allow the water to turn over and maintain a chlorine residual.

Name of Source Humboldt Bay Municipal Water District- Aldergrove This water source is (check one):

The supplier's own water source
A purchased or imported source
Compliance Year 2020
NOTES: The Volume Entering Distribution System at Aldergrove was 0.07 MG in 2020. This volume displays as 0 MG due to cell formatting.

This water source is (check one):

The supplier's own water source
A purchased or imported source
Compliance Year 2020
SB X7-7 Table 4-A: 2020 Volume Entering the Distribution System(s), Meter Error Adjustment
Complete one table for each source.

Name of Source Humboldt Bay Municipal Water District-Alliance This water source is (check one):

The supplier's own water source
A purchased or imported source
Compliance Year 2020
Name of Source Wymore Intertie

2020 Gross
Water 2020 Population 2020 GPCD
614 20,095 84
SB X7-7 Table 5: 2020 Gallons Per Capita Per Day
(GPCD)
Extraordinary
Events1
Weather
Normalization1
Economic
Adjustment1
84 - - - - 84 113 YES
1 All values are reported in GPCD
2 2020 Confirmed Target GPCD is taken from the Supplier's SB X7-7 Verification Form Table SB X7-7, 7-F.

SB X7-7 Table 9: 2020 Compliance
Optional Adjustments to 2020 GPCD
Did Supplier
Achieve
Targeted
Reduction
for 2020?
Actual 2020
GPCD1
2020 Confirmed
Target GPCD 1, 2
TOTAL
Adjustments1
Adjusted 2020
GPCD 1
(Adjusted if
applicable)
Enter "0" if Adjustment Not Used

2025 Gross Water
Fm SB X7-7 Table 4
2025 Population Fm
SB X7-7 Table 3 2025 GPCD
592 21,185 77
SB X7-7 Table 5: Gallons Per Capita Per Day (GPCD)
Water Code Section 10608.20 (e) and 10608.20 (h)(1)(2)
NOTES:

Service Area GPCD calculated for 2025

Appendix J
Annual Water Shortage and Drought Assessment
Submittal Tables: 2025-2026

= From prior tables
= Auto calculated
Use Type Start Year: 2025 Volumetric Unit Used2
: MG
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Total by Water Demand Type
Single Family 22.6 20.8 21.3 21.5 18.9 20 22.3 24.1 23 28.2 26.3 23.5 272.5 Multi-Family 7.4 6.6 6.8 7.6 6.4 6.9 7.5 8.3 7.8 9.4 8.6 7.4 90.7 Commercial 6.4 5.8 6 6.5 5.6 6 6.6 7.2 6.8 8.1 7.4 6.4 78.8 Industrial 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.1 2 2.4 2.2 1.9 23 Institutional/Governmental schools only 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.8 2.4 2.5 2.8 3.1 2.9 3.4 3.2 2.7 33.4 Other Potable unbilled 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 36
Losses real losses 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.5 125.4 Sales to other agencies 1.7 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.7 19.7 0 0

56.1 53 53.8 55.6 49.7 51.9 56.1 59.5 57.5 66.4 62.8 57.1 679.5 0 0
0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Total
0 0
0 0
Table 2: Water Demands1
Projected Water Demands - Volume3
Total by Month (Non-Potable)
1 Projections are based on best available data at time of submitting the report and actual demand volumes could be different due to many factors. 2 Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent. 3 When opting to provide other than monthly volumes (bi-monthly, quarterly, or annual), please see directions on entering data for Projected Water Demand in the Table Instructions.

Notes: List considered factors impacting demands
Total by Month (Potable)
Additional
Description
(as needed)
Level of
Treatment
for NonPotable
Supplies
Drop-down
list
Drop-down list
May select each use multiple times
These are the only Use Types that will
be recognized by the WUEdata online
submittal tool
(Add additional rows as needed)
Demands Served by Potable Supplies
Demands Served by Non-Potable Supplies
Three years ago total demand
Four years ago total demand
Optional (for comparison purposes)
Last year's total demand
Two years ago total demand

= From prior tables
= Auto calculated
Water Supply Start Year: 2025 Volumetric Unit Used2
: MG
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Total by
Water
Supply Type
Purchased/Imported Water
Produced and
purchased
from HBMWD

98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 1185.96 Groundwater (not desal.)
Mad River
Groundwater
Basin No. 1-

8.01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0

98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 98.83 1185.96 0 0 0
0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Total
0 Table 3: Water Supplies1
Projected Water Supplies - Volume3
Water
Quality
Drop-down
List
Total Right
or Safe
Yield*
(optional)
Additional
Detail on
Water Supply
Drop-down List
May use each category multiple
times.These are the only water
supply categories that will be
recognized by the WUEdata online
submittal tool
(Add additional rows as needed)
Potable Supplies
Non-Potable Supplies
eAR Reported Total Water Supplies
Optional (for comparison purposes)
1 Projections are based on best available data at time of submitting the report and actual supply volumes could be different due to many factors. 2 Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent. 3 When opting to provide other than monthly volumes (bi-monthly, quarterly, or annual), please see directions on entering data for Projected Water Supplies in the Table Instructions.

Notes: List hydrological and regulatory conditions, infrastructure capabilities, and plausible constraints which may impact the water supplies Total by Month (Potable)
Total by Month (Non-Potable)

= Auto calculated
= For manual input
Table 4(P): Potable Water Shortage Assessment1
Start Year: 2025 Volumetric Unit Used2
: MG
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun3 Total
Anticipated Unconstrained Demand 56.1 53.0 53.8 55.6 49.7 51.9 56.1 59.5 57.5 66.4 62.8 57.1 679.50 Anticipated Total Water Supply 98.8 98.8 98.8 98.8 98.8 98.8 98.8 98.8 98.8 98.8 98.8 98.8 1185.96 Surplus/Shortage w/o WSCP Action 42.7 45.8 45.0 43.2 49.1 46.9 42.7 39.3 41.3 32.4 36.0 41.7 506.5 % Surplus/Shortage w/o WSCP Action 76% 86% 84% 78% 99% 90% 76% 66% 72% 49% 57% 73% 75% State Standard Shortage Level 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Benefit from WSCP: Supply Augmentation 0.0 <------
Benefit from WSCP: Demand Reduction 0.0 <------
Revised Surplus/Shortage with WSCP 42.7 45.8 45.0 43.2 49.1 46.9 42.7 39.3 41.3 32.4 36.0 41.7 506.5 % Revised Surplus/Shortage with WSCP 76% 86% 84% 78% 99% 90% 76% 66% 72% 49% 57% 73% 75% = Auto calculated
= For manual input
Table 4(NP): Non-Potable Water Shortage Assessment1
Start Year: 2025 Volumetric Unit Used2
: MG
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun3 Total
Anticipated Unconstrained Demand: Non-Potable 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 Anticipated Total Water Supply: Non-Potable 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Surplus/Shortage w/o WSCP Action: Non-Potable 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 % Surplus/Shortage w/o WSCP Action: Non-Potable
Benefit from WSCP: Supply Augmentation 0.0 <------
Benefit from WSCP: Demand Reduction 0.0 <------
Revised Surplus/Shortage with WSCP 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 % Revised Surplus/Shortage with WSCP
This row would allow Supplier to include a supply
augmentation action that may ONLY trigger with a particular 'shortage level' selected
1 Assessments are based on best available data at time of submitting the report and actual volumes could be different due to many factors. 2 Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent. 3 When optional monthly volumes aren't provided, verify Tables 2 and 3 use the same columns for data entry and are reflected properly in Table 4 and make sure to use those same columns to enter the benefits from Planned WSCP Actions. Please see directions on the shortage balancing exercise in the Table Instructions. If a shortage is projected, the supplier is highly recommended to perform a monthly analysis to more accurately identify the time of shortage. 4 If you enter any WSCP Benefits, then you must enter the corresponding planned Actions into Table 5. = From prior tables
Planned WSCP Actions4
1 Assessments are based on best available data at time of submitting the report and actual volumes could be different due to many factors. 2 Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent. 3 When optional monthly volumes aren't provided, verify Tables 2 and 3 use the same columns for data entry and are reflected properly in Table 4 and make sure to use those same columns to enter the benefits from Planned WSCP Actions. Please see directions on the shortage balancing exercise in the Table Instructions. If a shortage is projected, the supplier is highly recommended to perform a monthly analysis to more accurately identify the time of shortage. 4 If you enter any WSCP Benefits, then you must enter the corresponding planned Actions into Table 5.

This row would allow Supplier to represent the likely
reduction in water use expected by the 'shortage reponse' that is implemented (e.g. limited outdoor irrigation would This row would allow Supplier to include a supply
augmentation action that may ONLY trigger with a particular 'shortage level' selected
This row would allow Supplier to represent the likely
reduction in water use expected by the 'shortage reponse' that is implemented (e.g. limited outdoor irrigation would = From prior tables
Planned WSCP Actions4

July 1, 2025 to June 30, 2026
Enter Amount
(Drop-down
List)
Select % or
Volume Unit
Start Month End Month
0 (No Shortage) No Actions No
NOTES:

Notes Section to be used only
for clarifying details, and not
for listing specific actions.

Actions must be entred into
table rows above.
1 If you plan Supply Augmentation Actions then you must enter WSCP Benefits from Supply Augmentation Actions into Table 4. If you plan Demand Reduction Actions then you must enter WSCP Benefits from Demand Reduction Actions into Table 4. 2 If an Action is planned to be implemented in multiple non-contiguous periods of the year, please make separate entries on multiple rows for the same action spanning the different implementation periods.

Table 5: Planned Water Shortage Response Actions
Add additional rows as needed
How much is action going to
reduce the shortage gap?
(Optional)
When is shortage response
action anticipated to be
implemented2
?
Is action
already being
implemented?
(Y/N)
ACTIONS1: Demand Reduction, Supply
Augmentation, and Other Actions.
(Drop-down List)
These are the only categories that will be
accepted by the WUEdata online submittal
tool. Select those that apply.

Anticipated Shortage
Level
Drop-down List of
State Standard Levels (1 -
6) and Level 0 (No
Shortage)

Appendix K
Humboldt Bay Municipal Water District Water Shortage
Contingency Plan

Appendix L
Draft Water Shortage Emergency Resolution

Sample Resolution No.______________________
Resolution of the City Council of the City of Arcata Declaring a Water Shortage Emergency and Implementing the City’s Water Shortage Contingency Plan
The City Council of the City of Arcata does hereby resolve as follows:

PURSUANT to California Water Code Section 350 et seq., the City council has conducted duly noticed public hearings to establish the criteria under which a water shortage emergency may be declared.

WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Arcata finds, determines and declares as follows:
• The City is the water purveyor for the City of Arcata and Jacoby Creek Water District. • The demand for water services is not expected to lessen. • When the combined total amount of water supply available to the City from all sources fall at or below the Stage II trigger levels described in the City of Arcata’s and Humboldt Bay Municipal Water District’s 2015 Urban Water Management Plan, the City will declare a water shortage emergency. The water supply would not be adequate to meet the ordinary demands and requirements of water consumers without depleting the City’s water supply to the extent that there may be insufficient water for human consumption, sanitation, fire protection, and environmental requirements. This condition is likely to exist until precipitation and inflow dramatically increases or until water system damage resulting from a disaster are repaired and normal water service is restored.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Arcata hereby finds, determines, declares and concludes that a water shortage emergency condition exists that threatens the adequacy of the water supply, until the water supply is deemed adequate. After the declaration of a water shortage emergency, the City Council will implement the City’s Water Shortage Contingency Plan and determine the appropriate Action Stage of the plan to implement.

FURTHERMORE, the City Council shall periodically conduct proceedings to determine additional restrictions and regulations which may be necessary to safeguard the adequacy of the water supply for domestic, sanitation, fire protection, and environmental requirements.

Passed, approved and adopted this__________ day of ______________, _________ by the following votes:

Ayes:

Nays:

Absent:
_____________________________________ ____________________________________ Mayor, City of Arcata City Clerk, City of Arcata

Appendix M
Ordinance 1462 Amending Arcata Municipal Code to
Implement Mandatory Water Conservation Measures

ORDINANCE NO. 1462

AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ARCATA AMENDING

THE ARCATA MUNICIPAL CODE TO IMPLEMENT EMERGENCY MANDATORY

WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES
TITLE VII—PUBLIC WORKS
CHAPTER 3—WATER
The City Council of the City of Arcata does ordain as follows:

Section 1: Title VII—Public Works, Chapter 3—Water, of the Arcata Municipal Code is hereby amended by the addition of the following new Section 7741.5 as follows:

SEC. 7741.5 Emergency Water Conservation Requirements.

A. Findings. The City Council for the City of Arcata finds as follows:

1. On January 17, 2014, the Governor issued a proclamation declaring a state of emergency exists in California based on severe drought conditions.

2. On April 25, 2014, the Governor issued a proclamation of a continued state of emergency based on continued drought conditions.

3. On April 1, 2015, based on continued drought conditions, the Governor issued an Executive Order directing the State Water Resources Control Board (“State Board”) to develop regulations that impose restrictions on water service suppliers to achieve statewide a 25 percent reduction in potable urban usage through February 28, 2016; to require commercial industrial, and institutional users to implement water efficiency measures; to prohibit irrigation with potable water of ornamental turf in public street medians; and to prohibit irrigation outside newly constructed homes and buildings with potable water that is not delivered by microspray systems.

4. On May 7, 2015, the State Board adopted amendments to prior State Board emergency water conservation regulations to implement the Governor’s April 1, 2015 Executive Order (“Emergency Regulation”).

5. Pursuant to the Emergency Regulation, the City of Arcata must require its water customers to implement specific statewide water conservation measures, and, additionally, must reduce the City’s residential gallons per capita day (R-GPCD) water usage by eight percent (8%) for each month as compared to water usage in the same month of 2013, effective June 1, 2015;

6. This ordinance is intended to implement the State Board’s Emergency Regulation and provide notice to the City’s water customers about the applicable prohibitions and restrictions that are in effect.

B. Mandatory Water Conservation Measures. To prevent the waste and unreasonable use of water and to promote water conservation, each of the following actions is prohibited, except where necessary to address an immediate health and safety need, to comply with a term or condition in a permit issued by a state or federal agency, or if pursuant to specific water conservation policy adopted by resolution of the City Council:

1. The application of potable water to outdoor landscapes in a manner that causes runoff such that water flows onto adjacent property, non-irrigated areas, private and public walkways, roadways, parking lots, or structures.

2. The application of potable water to outdoor landscapes and turf during and within 48 hours after measurable rainfall.

3. The application of potable water to outdoor ornamental landscapes and turf more than four days per calendar week except for commercial nurseries.

4. The application of potable water to outdoor landscapes and turf between the hours of 10 a.m. and 6 p.m.

5. The application of potable water to outdoor landscapes and turf by hose; except where the hose is fitted with a shut-off nozzle or device attached to it that causes it to cease dispensing water immediately when not in use or to meet the initial watering requirements of newly planted landscaping and newly seeded lawns.

6. The irrigation with potable water of ornamental turf on public street medians except where necessary to protect trees.

7. The irrigation with potable water of landscapes outside of newly constructed homes and building in a manner inconsistent with regulations or other requirements established by the California Building Standards Commission and the Department of Housing and Community Development.

8. The use of a hose that dispenses potable water to wash a motor vehicle, except where the hose is fitted with a shut-off nozzle or device attached to it that causes it to cease dispensing water immediately when not in use.

9. The application of potable water to hard surfaces including, but not limited to, driveways, sidewalks, patios, parking lots, streets, or similar surfaces except as necessary by the City for street sweeping and to otherwise protect the public health or safety.

10. The use of potable water in a fountain or other decorative water feature, except where the water is part of a recirculating system.

11. The serving of drinking water other than upon request in eating or drinking establishments, including but not limited to restaurants, hotels, cafes, cafeterias, bars, or other public places where food or drink are served and/or purchased.

12. The failure of hotel and motel operators to prominently display in each guest room using clear and easily understood language a notice of the option for guests to choose not have towels and linens laundered daily.

Section 2: Severability. If any section, subsection, sentence, clause or phrase of this chapter is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional, the decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of the Chapter. The City Council hereby declares that it would have passed this Chapter, and each section, subsection, sentence, clause and phrase thereof, irrespective of the fact that any one or more sections, subsections, sentences, clauses or phrases be declared invalid under law.

Section 3: This ordinance is exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Section 15269(c), specific action necessary to prevent or mitigate an emergency, and Section 15307 of the CEQA Guidelines, California Code of Regulations, Title14, Chapter 3, actions by regulatory agencies for the protection of natural resources.

Section 4: Due to the ongoing statewide drought, there exists a current and immediate threat to the public health, safety, and welfare requiring immediate implementation of the State Board’s Emergency Regulation for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, and safety. Pursuant to Government Code Section 36937(b), this ordinance will take effect immediately upon adoption.

Section 5. This ordinance shall expire without additional action of the City Council on February 28, 2016.

DATE: June 17, 2015
ATTEST: APPROVED:
/s/ Bridget Dory /s/ Michael Winkler
City Clerk, City of Arcata Mayor, City of Arcata
CLERK’S CERTIFICATE
I hereby certify that the foregoing is a true and correct copy of Ordinance No. 1462, passed and adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Arcata, County of Humboldt, State of California on the 17th day of June, 2015, by the following vote:

AYES: WINKLER, PITINO, ORNELAS, PEREIRA, WHEETLEY
NOES: NONE
ABSENT: NONE
ABSTENTIONS: NONE
/s/ Bridget Dory
City Clerk, City of Arcata

STAFF REPORT – CITY COUNCIL MEETING
TO: Honorable Mayor and City Council Members
FROM: Emily Sinkhorn, Director of Environmental Services PREPARER: Emily Sinkhorn, Director of Environmental Services DATE: June 3, 2026
TITLE: Hold a Public Hearing to Consider Adopting Resolution No. 256-65 Adopting the City of Arcata 2025 Updated Urban Water Management Plan and Water Shortage Contingency Plan.

RECOMMENDATION:

It is recommended that the Council:
1) Review the final City of Arcata 2025 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) and Water Shortage Contingency Plan; and
2) Adopt Resolution No. 256-65, adopting the 2025 Urban Water Management Plan and Water Shortage Contingency Plan.

INTRODUCTION:

The Urban Water Management Planning Act defines an “urban water supplier” as a public or privately owned supplier providing water for municipal purposes either directly or indirectly to more than 3,000 customers or supplying more than 3,000 acre-feet of water per year. The Plan requires an urban water supplier to complete an Urban Water Management Plan and update the plan at least every five years. The State Legislature amended the Urban Water Management Planning Act in 2018, requiring suppliers to include a Water Shortage Contingency Plan with specific elements in the Urban Water Management Plan.

The City’s release of the draft 2025 Urban Water Management Plan and opportunities for public input have been publicly noticed and made available on the City website at https://www.cityofarcata.org/326/Drinking-Water.

This agenda item follows the public hearing on the draft UWMP as the state requires that the public hearing for an UWMP and the adoption consideration must be separate agenda items.

BACKGROUND:

The California Legislature enacted Assembly Bill 797 (California Water Code [CWC] Section 10610, et. seq., known as the Urban Water Management Planning Act) in 1984. The Act defines an urban water supplier as a public or privately owned supplier providing water for municipal purposes either directly or indirectly to more than 3,000 customers or supplying more than 3,000 acre-feet of water per year. CWC section 10621 requires urban water suppliers to complete an Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) and update the plan at least every five years, on or before December 31, in years ending in five and zero.

The Water Conservation Act of 2009, otherwise known as SB X7-7, set a statewide goal of reducing urban water use by 20 percent by the year 2020. In 2010, each urban water supplier was required to calculate its baseline water use, in gallons per capita day (GPCD), establish an interim target for 2015, and define a 2020 target. In 2020, UWMP urban water suppliers were required to demonstrate compliance with the 2020 target.

In 2018, the State Legislature modified UWMP laws to require a Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP) with specific elements. The WSCP is a document that provides a supplier with a structured action plan for dealing with drought or catastrophic water supply shortage. The WSPC includes six standard water shortage levels and appropriate response actions for each shortage level, with a corresponding estimate of the extent the action will address the gap between supplies and demands.

The California Department of Water Resources reviews and approves each plan to ensure conservation and efficient use of water.

DISCUSSION:

The Arcata City Council has approved an updated Urban Water Management Plans every five years, and most recently the 2020 UWMP was approved on June 16, 2021. The City’s five-year review is due to the State on July 1, 2026.

There are several revisions in the 2025 UWMP including updates to population estimates, the Water Shortage Contingency Plan, and descriptions of the Demand Management Measures implemented over the past five years. A required plan element from 2020 is the adoption of a Water Shortage Contingency Plan.

The source of drinking water for the City is water purchased from Humboldt Bay Municipal Water District (HBMWD). HBMWD draws source water from wells below the bed of the Mad River northeast of Arcata. The City has a Right to 1,095 million gallons per year and in 2025 used approximately 50% of this volume. The Humboldt Bay region is very fortunate to have a reliable water supply as even across multiple drought years, HBMWD’s Ruth Reservoir has filled to capacity.

Humboldt Bay Municipal Water District, the wholesale supplier, updated its Water Shortage Contingency Plan in 2020. Updates were made to the by the City to reflect the updates made in the wholesale supplier’s plan. The Water Shortage Contingency Plan provides guidance for declaring a water shortage independent of the wholesaler and guidance on water use restrictions and prohibitions, consumption reduction methods, and penalties and enforcement under each declared stage of action.

To estimate future water demand population estimates for the Arcata Service Area were updated in the 2025 UWMP based on the number of new water service connections and the persons per connection estimate utilized in the 2020 UWMP. The Service Area population for 2025 is reported as 21,185. The City of Arcata General Plan 2045 cites an anticipated population growth, to about 27,000 people, by the year 2045, which was used for water demand projections in the UWMP.

Relative to other parts of the state, Arcata has a low per capita water use. Actual daily per capita water use for the Arcata Service Area in 2020 was 84 gallons per capita per day (GPCD), well below the 2020 target of 113 GPCD. 2025 daily per capita water use for the Service Area was 77 GPCD in 2025, demonstrating a continual decline in water use by Arcata residents and businesses.

California Water Code section 10631 requires distribution system water losses to be quantified and reported in the UWMP. Distribution system water losses are defined as the physical water losses from the water distribution system, including storage facilities, up to the point of customer consumption. Real water loss is reported for the 2025 calendar year, to identify potential areas