Air Study Memo.pdf — Bakersfield City Council, September 16, 2026

MEMORANDUM
To: D.R. Horton
From: Trinity Consultants
Date: December 5, 2025
RE: VTTM 7451 Air Study Memorandum
Introduction
Trinity Consultants (‘Trinity’) was contracted to complete an air quality and greenhouse gas (GHG) impact memorandum for the proposed Vesting Tentative Tract Map (VTTM) Number (No.) 7451 project (Project) located between Olive Drive and Reina Road along Santa Fe Way in Bakersfield, CA, which is within San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution District’s (SJVAPCD) jurisdiction.

The proposed Project’s construction would include the following criteria pollutant emissions: reactive organic gases (ROG), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), and suspended particulate matter (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ). Project operations would generate air pollutant emissions from mobile sources (vehicle activity from residents), energy sources, and area sources (incidental activities related to architectural coating and landscape maintenance). Project construction and operational activities would also generate GHG emissions.

Background
Trinity compared the air quality and GHG impacts between the previous Vesting Tentative Tract Map (VTTM) No. 7218 project and the proposed VTTM No. 7451 project (Project) located in Bakersfield, CA. The Project is a revision of VTTM No. 7218, which previously had an Air Quality Impact Analysis (AQIA) completed in February 2014. The Project will include 313 single family residences, while VTTM No. 7218 previously consisted of 239 single family residences. Due to the increase in density, Trinity has conducted a new air quality analysis, greenhouse gas (GHG) analysis, and health risk assessment (HRA) according to SJVAPCD’s Guide for Assessing and Mitigating Air Quality Impacts (GAMAQI). This includes a California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) compliant evaluation that will meet the requirements of both the City of Bakersfield Municipal Code and SJVAPCD’s GAMAQI.

Trinity completed the AQIA for the previous VTTM No. 7218, which determined that air quality and GHG impacts from the proposed project were less than significant. The project’s construction and operational emissions were estimated using the California Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod) version 2013.2.2 and EMFAC 2011 from the California Air Resources Board (CARB). The results from the prior estimations are summarized in Table 1 below.

December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 2 of 16 Table 1. Project VTTM 7218 Emissions from Prior AQIA
Construction Emissions (Mitigated)
Year Pollutants (tons/yr)
ROG NOx CO SOx PM 10 PM 2.5
2017 1.60 6.11 4.41 0.01 0.53 0.44
2018 2.11 6.49 5.16 0.01 0.55 0.44
2019 1.14 0.66 0.58 0.001 0.04 0.04
Maximum 2.11 6.49 5.16 0.01 0.55 0.44
Annual Threshold 10 10 - - 15 -
Operational Emissions (Mitigated)
Emission Source Pollutants (tons/yr)
ROG NOx CO SOx PM 10 PM 2.5
Area Emissions 2.11 0.02 1.77 0.0001 0.01 0.01
Energy Emissions 0.04 0.35 0.15 0.0022 0.03 0.03
Mobile Emissions 1.39 1.65 13.17 0.0301 2.28 0.62
Total 3.54 2.01 15.09 0.0324 2.32 0.66
Annual Threshold 10 10 - - 15 -

1. SJVAPCD did not have significance thresholds for CO, SOx, or PM 2.5 at the time of this AQIA.

As shown in Table 1 above, both the construction and operational emission were below applicable significance thresholds at the time the AQIA was prepared, which means that the project would have a less than significant impact on the surrounding area.

Reevaluation of emissions against the significance thresholds is required for VTTM No. 7451 due to the density increase as well as SJVAPCD’s threshold updates. For VTTM No. 7451, criteria, GHG, and air toxics emissions were estimated to analyze the potential impacts of the proposed Project. The following sections summarize the methodology and results of these impacts.

Methodology
Construction Emissions
The Project has an anticipated development of three (3) phases over two years, with the necessary backbone infrastructure constructed as needed for each phase. Table 2 provides the land use type, subtype, size, units, and lot acreage that were entered into CalEEMod, and the construction schedule for the proposed Project is provided in Table 3. Construction emissions were conservatively estimated as if construction started in April 2026, and Project operations are estimated to begin during year 2026 for Phase 1 and 2027 for Phases 2 and 3. Construction in later years would be predicted to have lower emissions than presented here because CalEEMod assumes cleaner (i.e., lower emissions generated) construction equipment and vehicles over time. The dates entered into the CalEEMod program do not represent the actual dates the equipment will operate; however, the dates reflect anticipated construction durations for various construction phases, and therefore, all estimated emission totals are conservative (i.e., tending to overstate emissions) and reflect a reasonable and legally sufficient estimate of potential impacts.

December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 3 of 16 Table 2. CalEEMod Land Use Selection
Phase Land Use
Type Land Use Subtype Size Size Unit Lot Acreage
1 Residential Single Family Housing 116 Dwelling Unit 14.84 2 Residential Single Family Housing 119 Dwelling Unit 15.23 3 Residential Single Family Housing 78 Dwelling Unit 9.98 Recreational Park 0.72 Acres 0.72
Table 3. Construction Schedule
Phase Start Date End Date
1 04/15/2026 10/14/2026
2 10/15/2026 04/14/2027
3 04/15/2027 10/14/2027
CalEEMod’s default construction equipment amounts and types were used and are shown in Table 4 below.

Table 4. CalEEMod Construction Equipment
Equipment Type 1
Number of
Equipment per
Day
Hours per
Day Horsepower Load Factor
Site Preparation
Rubber Tired Dozers 3 8 367 0.40
Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 4 8 84 0.37
Grading
Graders 1 8 148 0.41
Excavators 2 8 36 0.38
Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 2 8 84 0.37
Scrapers 2 8 423 0.48
Rubber Tired Dozers 1 8 367 0.40
Building Construction
Forklifts 3 8 82 0.20
Generator Sets 1 8 14 0.74
Cranes 1 7 367 0.29
Welders 1 8 46 0.45
Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 3 7 84 0.37
Paving
Pavers 2 8 81 0.42
Paving Equipment 2 8 89 0.36
Rollers 2 8 36 0.38
Architectural Coatings
Air Compressors 1 6 37 0.48

1. Conservatively assuming all construction equipment is diesel fueled.

Additionally, the SJVAPCD requires the following dust control measures for all projects, and the analysis assumes compliance for the construction emissions estimates:

Ź Measure C-10-A: Water unpaved construction roads;
Ź Measure C-10-B: Water exposed areas three (3) times per day; and Ź Measure C-11: Reduce vehicle speed to less than 15 miles per hour.

December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 4 of 16

The construction emissions for the Project are provided in Table 6 under the Results section of this Memorandum.

Operational Emissions
Vehicle Exhaust Emissions
Project operations and visitation will involve vehicle trips from residents, deliveries, and service, all of which will generate air pollutant emissions. Emissions were quantified in CalEEMod using trip rates, fleet mix percentages, and emission factors by vehicle type and adjusted for the Project as discussed below. The trip generation rates for weekdays, Saturday, and Sunday are based on CalEEMod defaults and are provided in Table 5 below.

Table 5. Mobile Trip Rates
Day Project Trip Generation Rate
(per dwelling unit /day)
Weekday 9.45
Saturday 9.54
Sunday 8.55

CalEEMod includes emission factors for each vehicle type based on the California Air Resources Board’s (CARB’s) EMFAC 2021. The fleet mix percentages were based on SJVAPCD’s Residential Fleet Mix for each operational year.

Road Dust Emissions
CalEEMod calculates off-site road dust emissions according to the methodology described in the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA’s) AP-42, Section 13.2.1, Paved Roads , and Section

13.2.2, Unpaved Roads . The calculations include the following parameters: road silt loading, average vehicle weight (tons), material silt content, material moisture content, and mean vehicle speed (miles per hour).

CalEEMod assumes 100% paved road travel based on the Project location.

Hearths
CalEEMod calculates emissions from wood stoves and fireplaces for residential land uses. Available wood stove fuel types are conventional, catalytic, non-catalytic, and pellet. The fireplace fuel types are wood, gas, propane, and electric. Based on applicant provided data, there will be no wood stoves or fireplaces for the Project; therefore, all options were entered in as zero in CalEEMod to account for the electric development.

Consumer Products (Non-Industrial Solvents)
CalEEMod calculates fugitive volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from three types of consumer products (non-industrial solvents): general category, pesticides/fertilizers, and parking degreasers. As specified in Appendix C of the CalEEMod User Guide, the general category emission factor is used for the Single Family Residential land use type. The general category emission factor is based on statewide VOC emission data collected by CARB’s Consumer Product Emission Inventory. The parking degreasing emission factor is based on CARB’s California Emissions Projection Analysis Model (CEPAM2019v1.03).

December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 5 of 16 Architectural Coatings
CalEEMod calculates VOC off-gassing emissions that result from evaporation of solvents contained in surface coatings such as in paints and primers. A ten percent (10%) reapplication rate per year (full reapplication every 10 years) is assumed in the model, along with SJVAPCD specific nonresidential exterior and non- residential interior VOC emission factors. CalEEMod calculates the building surface area as two times the building square footage for non-residential land use; seventy-five percent (75%) of the building surface area is assumed to be the interior, and the remaining twenty-five percent (25%) is assumed to be the exterior.

Landscape Equipment
The Project site is estimated to be developed with landscaped area, per CalEEMod’s default assumptions, that would require periodic management from the use of landscape equipment that would generate air pollutant emissions. CalEEMod calculates fuel combustion emissions from landscape maintenance, which includes equipment such as lawn mowers, shredders/grinders, leaf blowers, and equipment associated with snow removal. CalEEMod uses emission factors developed through CARB’s Small Off-Road Engines Model v1.1 (SORE2020) to calculate landscape equipment emissions. The emission factor for residential landscape equipment is in grams per dwelling unit per day. The emission factor is then multiplied by the number of snow days and the number of summer days for the Project location. There are zero (0) days of snowfall estimated, and the number of summer days is based on the CalEEMod default for Kern County (180 days).

Although some portion of landscape equipment would be expected to be electric powered, this analysis conservatively assumes that all landscape equipment would be gas powered.

Energy Emissions
CalEEMod calculates criteria pollutant and GHG emissions from electricity and natural gas usage. CalEEMod differentiates between electricity usage subject to Title 24 standards, which is generally building usage and electricity usage that is not subject to Title 24 standards. CalEEMod’s default ratio of Title 24 to non-Title 24 electricity usage was applied to the Project’s total estimated electricity usage. CalEEMod only calculates GHG emissions associated with electricity usage; the GHG emission factors are specific to the electric utility.

Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment Emissions
CalEEMod calculates indirect GHG emissions from the electricity used to supply, distribute, and treat water and wastewater generated by land use development projects (CAPCOA 2022b). CalEEMod estimates the annual water usage from both indoors, using the Residential End Uses of Water published by the Water Research Foundation (WRF) (2016) and outdoors, using the Maximum Applied Water Allowance (MAWA) method established under the California Department of Water Resources’ 2015 Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (MWELO). CalEEMod uses default water energy-intensity factors based on a study published by the Pacific Institute. The factors, which are reported in kilowatt hours per million gallons of water used (kWh/MG), represent the electricity required to supply and convey water from the source, treat the water to usable standards, and distribute the water to the individual user. The report calculated the energy intensity factors based on the hydrologic region of the Project. These factors assume water is supplied from the source, which involves groundwater pumping and water delivery. The use of the CalEEMod default energy-intensity factors accounts for the electricity that would be used by the Project for supplying water.

For wastewater treatment emissions, CalEEMod has default emission factors for the type of treatment process: septic tank, aerobic, or facultative lagoons. CalEEMod’s statewide default treatment distribution was utilized in the model. CalEEMod utilizes CARB’s Local Government Operations Protocol (LGOP) to calculate the GHG emission factors for each type of wastewater treatment.

December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 6 of 16 Solid Waste Emissions
CalEEMod calculates the indirect GHG emissions associated with waste that is disposed of at a landfill. The model uses annual waste disposal rates from the California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle) data for individual land use types.

Mitigation Measures
Additionally, the following project design measures were included in the model as mitigation measures in CalEEMod, which will reduce emissions from operations:

Ź Measure T-14: Provide electric vehicle charging infrastructure; Ź Measure E-2: Require energy efficient ceiling fans;
Ź Measure E-10-B: Establish Onsite Renewable Energy Systems: Solar Power; Ź Measure E-15: Require an all-electric development.

The operational emissions are provided in Table 7 under the Results section of this Memorandum.

Health Risk Assessment
The Project would result in emissions of Toxic Air Contaminants (TACs) and would be located near existing residents and other receptors (i.e. Frontier High School); therefore, an assessment of the potential risk to the population attributable to emissions of hazardous air pollutants from the Project was performed to determine whether the Project would result in a significant health risk impact.

To predict the potential health risk to the population attributable to emissions from TACs from the proposed Project, ambient air concentrations were predicted with dispersion modeling to arrive at a conservative estimate of increased individual carcinogenic risk that might occur as a result of continuous exposure over a two (2) year construction timeline. Similarly, predicted concentrations were used to calculate non-cancer chronic and acute hazard indexes (HIs), which are the ratio of expected exposure to acceptable exposure.

The basis for evaluating potential health risk is the identification of sources with increased TACs.

Air Dispersion Modeling (AERMOD)
Air dispersion modeling is used to estimate off-site air concentrations of chemicals associated with facility emissions. Developed to replace the Industrial Source Complex Short-Term Version 3 (ISCST3) model, AERMOD is a steady-state Gaussian plume model that can be used to assess ground level pollutant concentrations from a wide variety of sources (point, line, area, or volume) for distances up to approximately fifty (50) kilometers, including urban and rural terrain. AERMOD can calculate ground level concentrations for various averaging periods, such as acute short-term exposures (1-hour averages), chronic long-term exposures (annual averages), or other required meteorological data periods (i.e., 3-hour, 8-hour, 24-hour). The assumptions used for this model are listed below.

Ź AERMOD Version 24142
Ź Projection Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)
Ź Datum World Geodetic System (WGS84)
Ź UTM Zone 11
Ź Hemisphere Northern
Ź Selection Hourly and Period
Ź AERMOD File .AMI and .AMZ
Ź AERMOD Output File Plot File by Source
Ź Use Regulatory Default? Yes
December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 7 of 16
Ź Urban or Rural? Rural
Ź Building Downwash? Not Applicable
Health risk is determined using the Hotspots Analysis and Reporting Program (HARP2) software distributed by the CARB; HARP2 requires peak 1-hour emission rates and annual-averaged emission rates for all pollutants for each modeling source. Assumptions used to calculate the emission rates for the proposed Project are outlined below.

Sources
To assess health risk impacts associated with Project construction emissions, combustion emissions from diesel on-site construction equipment and heavy heavy duty (HHD) trucks from hauling and vendor trips were modeled as an area source for on-site construction activity on the property. A unit emission rate of 1 grams/second (g/sec) was input to AERMOD as a normalized emission rate. This normalized emission rate generates a file that contains the partial contribution of each source to the total air concentration in units of micrograms per cubic meter (g/m 3) at each receptor. This AERMOD output file is then used as an input file into HARP2.

Receptors
Health risk levels were modeled for discrete receptor points along the boundary of the Project site.

Additionally, a receptor grid was modeled over areas in proximity to the Project site that contains the nearest residential and other receptor locations, as shown in Figure 1 below. A total of 3,118 discrete off- site receptors were analyzed. Elevated terrain options were employed to account for the topography of the Project vicinity.

Figure 1. Off-site Receptor Locations

December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 8 of 16 Meteorological Data
SJVAPCD provides AERMET UStar processed, AERMOD-ready meteorological data. The Bakersfield monitoring data set has been identified as the most applicable for the Project based on proximity and similarity in terrain, elevation, land use, and other surface characteristics. The data set for calendar years 2018 through 2022 was input to AERMOD. This was the most recent available dataset available at the time the modeling was conducted. Rural dispersion parameters were used because the operation and the majority of the land surrounding the Project site is considered "rural" under the Auer land use classification method.

HARP2
Plot files generated by AERMOD were uploaded to the Air Dispersion Modeling and Risk Assessment Tool (ADMRT) program in HARP2. ADMRT post-processing was used to assess the potential for excess cancer risk and chronic and acute non-cancer effects using the most recent health effects data from the California EPA Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA).

Toxic Emissions Quantification
Diesel particulate matter (DPM) was calculated using CalEEMod for on-site construction equipment. The model conservatively assumes all PM 10 emissions from diesel combustion are diesel particulate matter.

Exposure
HARP2 site parameters were set for the mandatory minimum pathways (inhalation, soil ingestion, dermal, and mother’s milk) and homegrown produce. As required by the SJVAPCD, time away from home adjustments were not applied in HARP2. Risk reports were generated using the derived OEHHA analysis method for carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic chronic and acute risk. Site parameters are included in the HARP2 output files. Total cancer risk was predicted for each receptor. A hazard index was computed for chronic non-cancer health effects for each applicable endpoint and each receptor. A hazard index for acute non-cancer health effects was not computed since DPM does not have a risk exposure level for acute risk.

Results
Construction Emissions
Ozone (O 3) is primarily formed through photochemical reactions between precursor pollutants, VOCs and NOx; O3 is not directly produced from any of the Project ac tivities. Because O 3 is not directly emitted by most emission-producing activities, the San Joaquin Vall ey Air Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) regulat es its precursors, VOC and NOx. SJVAPCD’s Guidance for Ass essing and Mitigation Air Quality Impacts (GAMAQI), dated March 19, 2015, identifies thresholds for VOCs (also commonly referred to as ROG) and NOx.

As described in Section 8.3.1 of the GAMAQI, SJVAPCD developed the thresholds of significance based on the New Source Review (NSR) offset thresholds. These th resholds were developed as part of SJVAPCD’s attainment strategy, consistent with the Clean Air Act, which requires SJVAPCD to adopt attainment plans that demonstrate how SJVAPCD will attain and maintain the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The NAAQS are designed to provide public health protect ion. SJVAPCD’s plans are developed through a public process that requires adoption by the State and app roval by the EPA. As the thresholds were developed in accordance with the Clean Air Act, SJVAPCD states t hat project specific emissions below the thresholds will have a less than significant impact on air quality.

December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 9 of 16 Table 6 presents the estimated Project construction emissions based on the modeling methodology described in the previous section of this Memorandum.

Table 6. Project Construction Emissions
Emissions Source Pollutant (tons/year)
ROG NOx CO SOx PM 10 PM 2.5
2026 0.84 1.16 1.54 0.00 0.13 0.07
2027 1.32 1.03 1.47 0.00 0.10 0.05
Maximum 1.32 1.16 1.54 0.00 0.13 0.07
Annual Threshold 10 10 100 27 15 15
Source: Trinity Consultants 2025
*Note: 0.00 could represent > 0.00

As identified in Table 6, the Project is not anticipated to exceed any of the criteria pollutants emissions thresholds specified by SJVAPCD during construction, nor result in any new potentially significant impacts; therefore, the proposed Project will have a less than significant impact.

Operational Emissions
Once the Project is constructed and begins operations, criteria pollutant emissions would be generated by mobile and area sources. The estimated annual operational emissions are shown in Table 7.

Table 7. Annual Operational Emissions
Emissions Source Ź Pollutant (tons/year)
ROG Ź NOX Ź CO Ź SO x Ź PM 10 Ź PM 2.5
Mobile 1.48 1.36 11.89 0.03 2.74 0.71
Area 2.72 0.02 1.60 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 4.20 1.38 13.48 0.03 2.74 0.71
Annual Threshold 10 10 100 27 15 15
Source: Trinity Consultants 2025
*Note: 0.00 could represent > 0.00

For annual operational years of the Project, the criteria pollutants are under the significance thresholds specified by SJVAPCD; therefore, the proposed Project will have a less than significant impact.

Health Risk Results
SJVAPCD has set the level of significance for carcinogenic risk at twenty in one million, which is understood as the possibility of causing twenty (20) additional cancer cases in a population of one million people. The level of significance for chronic and acute non-cancer risk is a hazard index of 1.0. All receptors were modeled with a two (2) year exposure duration.

The carcinogenic risk and the health hazard index (HI) for chronic and acute non-cancer risk at the point of maximum impact (PMI) do not exceed the significance levels of twenty in one million (20 x 10 -6) and 1.0, respectively, for the proposed Project. The PMIs are identified by receptor location and risk and are provided in Table 8 below.

December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 10 o f 16 Table 8. Maximum Potential Health Impacts
Value UTM East UTM North
Excess Cancer Risk 0.52 in a million 304236.3 3920764.2 Chronic Hazard Index 0.00031 304236.3 3920764.2
*There is not acute hazard index as there is no acute risk value associated with the diesel particulate matter.

All risk values and health hazard indexes are below the thresholds of significance and, therefore, the Project would have a less than significant impact on the toxics in the surrounding areas. Modeling files are provided as an electronic attachment.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions
The Project is also expected to generate GHG emissions. As discussed previously, the Project includes several design measures, which will also reduce GHG emissions. Trinity has quantified the GHG emissions for the Project with and without these design measures to identify the GHG reductions associated with the design measures, as shown in Table 9 below. As indicated in

Table 10 below, the Project’s selected design measures provide a 22.4% reduction in GHG emissions.

Table 9. Operational GHG Emissions
Operational GHG Emissions – Without Design Measures
Category Emissions (MT/year)
CO 2 CH 4 N2O Refrigerants CO 2e
Mobile 2,666 0.16 0.13 3.70 2,713
Area 3.88 0.00 0.00 - 3.89
Energy 916.93 0.10 0.01 - 921.40
Water 25.13 0.42 0.01 - 38.58
Waste 25.15 2.51 - - 87.98
Refrigeration - - - 0.72 0.72
Total 3,637 3.19 0.15 4.42 3,765

Operational GHG Emissions – Without Design Measures
Category
Emissions (MT/year)
CO 2 CH 4 N2O Refrigerants CO 2e
Mobile 2,666 0.16 0.13 3.70 2,713
Area 3.88 0.00 0.00 - 3.89
Energy 77.27 0.01 0.00 - 78.03
Water 25.13 0.42 0.01 - 38.58
Waste 25.15 2.51 - - 87.98
Refrigeration - - - 0.72 0.72
Total 2,797 3.10 0.14 4.42 2,922

December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 11 o f 16

Table 10. Operational GHG Reductions
Total GHG Reductions
Category Emissions (MT/year)
CO 2 CH 4 N2O Refrigerants CO 2e
Mobile - - - - -
Area - - - - -
Energy -839.66 -0.09 -0.01 - -843.36
Water - - - - -
Waste - - - - -
Refrigeration - - - - -
Total -839.66 -0.09 -0.005 - -843.36

Percent GHG Reductions
Category CO 2 CH 4 N2O Refrigerants CO 2e
Mobile - - - - -
Area - - - - -
Energy -91.6% -87.6% -76.8% - -91.5%
Water - - - - -
Waste - - - - -
Refrigeration - - - - -
Total -23.1% -2.8% -3.4% - -22.4%

The proposed Project will be subject to any new regulations developed by CARB to address GHG emissions.

The project will be an all-electric development; substituting natural gas with electricity from a power grid that is increasingly supplied by renewable sources, consistent with California’s RPS and Cap-and-Trade Program, ensures that operational emissions will decline over time without the need for future retrofits or policy changes. The All-Electric Development project design is also synergistic with solar PV; although these homes will be grid-tied, they will self-generate most of their own energy.

The Project would generate GHGs from electricity use and combustion of gasoline/diesel fuels, each of which is regulated near the top of the supply-chain. As such, each citizen of California (including the residents of the Project) will have no choice but to purchase electricity and fuels produced in a way that is acceptable to the California market. Thus, Project GHG emissions will be consistent with the relevant plan (i.e., AB 32 Scoping Plan). The Project would meet its fair share of the cost to mitigate the cumulative impact of global climate change because the Project would be purchasing energy from the California market. Thus, the Project would have a less than significant impact on applicable GHG reduction plans.

Prior AQIA Results Comparison
The results of the Project’s air quality and GHG potential impacts were compared against those of the AQIA study of VTTM No. 7218. The Project is a revision of VTTM No. 7218, in which the revised Project proposed 319 single family residences from the original 239 single family residences. The proposed Project construction and operational emissions and the VTTM No. 7218 construction and operational emissions are compared in Table 11 below.

December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 12 o f 16

Table 11. Comparison of Project (VTTM No. 7451) to VTTM No. 7218 – Criteria Pollutants Construction Emissions (Mitigated)
Project
Pollutants (tons/yr)
ROG NOx CO SOx PM 10 PM 2.5
VTTM 7218 Maximum Annual Emissions 2.11 6.49 5.16 0.01 0.55 0.44 Project Maximum Annual Emissions 1.32 1.16 1.54 0.00 0.13 0.07 Average Annual Emissions Increase -0.79 -5.33 -3.62 -0.01 -0.42 -0.37

Operational Emissions (Mitigated)
Emission Source
Pollutants (tons/yr)
ROG NOx CO SOx PM 10 PM 2.5
VTTM 7218 Annual Emissions 3.54 2.01 15.09 0.03 2.32 0.66 Project Annual Emissions 4.20 1.38 13.48 0.03 2.74 0.71 Average Annual Emissions Increase 0.66 -0.63 -1.61 0.00 0.42 0.05 Table 12. Comparison of Project (VTTM No. 7451) to VTTM No. 7218 – GHGs Construction Emissions (Mitigated)
Project Pollutants ( MT /yr)
CO 2 CH 4 N2O CO 2e
VTTM 7218 Maximum Annual Emissions 686 0.17 0.00 690
Project Maximum Annual Emissions 302 0.01 0.01 305
Average Annual Emissions Increase -384 -0.16 0.01 -385

Operational Emissions (Mitigated)
Emission Source
Pollutants (MT/yr)
CO 2 CH 4 N2O CO 2e
VTTM 7218 Annual Emissions 3,078 4.00 0.02 3,169
Project Annual Emissions 2,797 3.10 0.14 2,922
Average Annual Emissions Increase -281 -0.90 0.12 -247

The Project is estimated to have less construction emissions when compared to the prior project’s estimated emissions. This is likely due to differences in CalEEMod emission factors between model versions to account for improvements to construction equipment technology over time.

The Project is estimated to have a slight increase of operational emissions when compared to the prior project’s estimated emissions. This is likely due to differences in CalEEMod emission factors and data between model versions.

December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 13 o f 16 Cumulative Impacts
The proposed Project is located on Assessor’s Parcel Number (APN) 463-040-13. The site has a current zone classification of R-2 (Small Lot Single-Unit Dwelli ng), with land use designations of LR (Low Density Residential) and HMR (High Medium Density Residenti al). The Project includes construction of 313 singl e- family homes, which follows the HMR designation density. Since the Project is consistent with existing zoning and land use regulations, its contributions to cumulative environmental impacts are within the scope of those previously analyzed in the Kern Council of Governments (Kern COG) 2022 Regional Transportation Plan (RTP) Final Program Environmental Impact Report (FPEIR). As defined in CEQA §15355, cumulative impacts refer to two or more individual effects which, when consi dered together, are considerable or which compound or increase other environmental impacts. The FPEIR eva luated cumulative air quality and GHG impacts of al l transportation and land development projects antici pated under the 2022 RTP/Sustainable Communities Strategy (SCS), including those related to climate change. Therefore, the Project is not anticipated t o result in any additional cumulative air quality or GHG impacts beyond those previously evaluated in the RTP FPEIR.

Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines §15183, “projects which are consistent with the development density established by existing zoning, community plan, or general plan policies for which an EIR was certified shall not require additional environmental review, except as might be necessary to examine whether there are project-specific significant effects which are peculiar to the proje ct or its site.” The Project is consistent with the City’s Metropolitan Bakersfield General Plan (MBGP), the Bakersfield Municipal Code (BMC, including Title 17, Zoning Ordinance), and the regional land use pattern established in the Kern COG 2022 RTP/SCS.

Although the standalone Project as proposed would n ot have a significant impact on air quality, global warming, or climate change, the Project would contribute to cumulative air pollutants and GHG emissions in California, as well as related health effects. As p resented in this Memorandum, the Project emissions would only be a very small fraction of the air basin wide criteria pollutant emissions and statewide GHG emissions.

CEQA acknowledges that the more severe the environmental problem, the lower the threshold for determining whether a project’s contribution to cumulative impa cts is significant. At the same time, CEQA Guidelin es §§15065(a)(3) and 15130 require agencies to evaluat e whether a project’s incremental contribution is cumulatively considerable, while allowing lead agen cies discretion in the choice of methodology. In li ght of these uncertainties, CEQA directs lead agencies to base their determinations on the best available information and substantial evidence. Given the Project’s individual emissions are less than significant and the Project is consistent with local zoning, land use designations and regional planning datasets, as well as the dis cretion of the Lead Agency, there is substantial evidence to support that the Project’s contribution to cumulative air quality and GHG impacts would not be cumulatively c onsiderable. The Lead Agency (City of Bakersfield) identified the scientific data used and provided analysis supporting its conclusion that the contribution will be rendered less than cumulatively considerable, as consistent with CEQA.

Additionally, CEQA Guidelines §15130, which governs cumulative impacts analysis, allows agencies to rely on previously approved plans and certified EIRs when e valuating cumulative effects, provided the project’ s contribution is not cumulatively considerable. Ther efore, the lead and responsible agencies evaluated thresholds based upon analysis and consideration of incremental impacts of the Project when added to other closely related past, present, and reasonably fores eeable probable future projects established in the MBGP and Kern COG 2022 RTP/SCS FPEIR. The proposed Project's consistency with these adopted plans and their associated program-level environmental analyses supports the conclusion that cumulative impacts have been adequately addressed under CEQA, and that the Project’s incremental contribution to such impacts would not be cumulatively considerable.

GHG emissions were quantified for the Project and included in the original Air Quality Impact Analysis for the Project site. While this Memorandum includes the quantified GHG emissions, currently there is no quantitative threshold to use, given that SJVAPCD’s threshold is based on the year 2020. Since the threshold is outdated, December 5, 2025 VTTM 7451 Air Study Memo Page 14 o f 16 the Lead Agency is responsible for making the deter mination of the threshold used in determining the significance of impacts. The proposed Project’s GHG emissions were quantified and presented in Table 9 above.

Summary
Based on the air quality and greenhouse gas impact assessment above, Trinity has concluded the following:

Ź Both the previous VTTM No. 7218 and the proposed Project would have short-term air quality impacts due to construction activities as well as vehicular emissions. Both of these impacts would be mitigated and were found to be less than significant before and after mitigation.

Ź Both the previous VTTM No. 7218 and the proposed Project would result in long-term air quality impacts due to operational and related emissions. These impacts were found to be less than significant before and after mitigation.

Ź Both the previous VTTM No. 7218 and the proposed Project would result in health risk impacts due to construction and operational activities. These impacts were found to be less than significant.

Ź Both the previous VTTM No. 7218 and the proposed Project would result in individual and cumulative greenhouse gas emissions. These impacts were found to be less than significant before and after mitigation.

Attachment 1
CalEEMod Output Files
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VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report
Table of Contents

1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information

1.2. Land Use Types

1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector

2. Emissions Summary

2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated

2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.1. Site Preparation (2026) - Unmitigated

3.2. Site Preparation (2026) - Mitigated

3.3. Grading (2026) - Unmitigated
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3.4. Grading (2026) - Mitigated

3.5. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated

3.6. Building Construction (2026) - Mitigated

3.7. Paving (2026) - Unmitigated

3.8. Paving (2026) - Mitigated

3.9. Architectural Coating (2026) - Unmitigated

3.10. Architectural Coating (2026) - Mitigated

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

4.1.1. Unmitigated

4.1.2. Mitigated

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated

4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

4.3.1. Unmitigated
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4.3.2. Mitigated

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated

4.4.2. Mitigated

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated

4.5.2. Mitigated

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated

4.6.2. Mitigated

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated

4.7.2. Mitigated

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated

4.8.2. Mitigated

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.1. Unmitigated
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4.9.2. Mitigated

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated

4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated

5. Activity Data

5.1. Construction Schedule

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated

5.2.2. Mitigated

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated

5.3.2. Mitigated

5.4. Vehicles

5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
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5.5. Architectural Coatings

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies

5.7. Construction Paving

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.1. Unmitigated

5.9.2. Mitigated

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths

5.10.2. Architectural Coatings

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.1. Unmitigated

5.11.2. Mitigated

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption
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5.12.1. Unmitigated

5.12.2. Mitigated

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated

5.13.2. Mitigated

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.14.1. Unmitigated

5.14.2. Mitigated

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
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5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated

5.18.2.2. Mitigated

8. User Changes to Default Data

8.1. Justifications
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1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information
Data Field Value
Project Name VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated
Construction Start Date 4/15/2026
Operational Y ear 2026
Lead Agency —
Land Use Scale Project/site
Analysis Level for Defaults County
Windspeed (m/s) 2.7
Precipitation (days) 18
Location 35.418729544683956, -119.16611738041257
County Kern-San Joaquin
City Bakersfield
Air District San Joaquin Valley APCD
Air Basin San Joaquin Valley
TAZ 2889
EDFZ 5
Electric Utility Pacific Gas & Electric Company
Gas Utility Southern California Gas
App Version 2022.1.1.35

1.2. Land Use Types
Land Use Subtype Size Unit Lot Acreage Building Area (sq ft) Landscape Area (sq ft)
Special Landscape
Area (sq ft)
Population Description
Single Family
Housing
116 Dwelling Unit 15 226,200 1,358,691 — 374 —
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1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector Sector # Measure Title
Transportation T-14* Provide Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure * Qualitative or supporting measure. Emission reductions not included in the mitigated emissions results.

2. Emissions Summary

2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 10 / 62
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily -
Summer
(Max)
2026 3.8 3.2 29 30 0.06 1.2 20 21 1.1 10 11 — 6,863 6,863 0.27 0.10 2.9 6,889 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 202 202 7.2 11 0.01 0.32 0.18 0.50 0.29 0.04 0.34 — 1,684 1,684 0.06 0.02 0.02 1,692 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 4.5 4.4 4.1 5.6 0.01 0.16 0.60 0.76 0.14 0.23 0.37 — 1,209 1,209 0.04 0.03 0.37 1,220 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 0.81 0.80 0.75 1.0 < 0.005 0.03 0.11 0.14 0.03 0.04 0.07 — 200 200 0.01 < 0.005 0.06 202

2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily -
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 3.8 3.2 29 30 0.06 1.2 20 21 1.1 10 11 — 6,863 6,863 0.27 0.10 2.9 6,889 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 202 202 7.2 11 0.01 0.32 0.18 0.50 0.29 0.04 0.34 — 1,684 1,684 0.06 0.02 0.02 1,692 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 4.5 4.4 4.1 5.6 0.01 0.16 0.60 0.76 0.14 0.23 0.37 — 1,209 1,209 0.04 0.03 0.37 1,220 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 0.81 0.80 0.75 1.0 < 0.005 0.03 0.11 0.14 0.03 0.04 0.07 — 200 200 0.01 < 0.005 0.06 202 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 11 / 62

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 9.9 9.5 3.9 38 0.07 0.14 5.7 5.9 0.13 1.4 1.6 65 8,809 8,875 7.1 0.34 23 9,177 Mit. 9.9 9.5 3.9 38 0.07 0.14 5.7 5.9 0.13 1.4 1.6 65 8,809 8,875 7.1 0.34 23 9,177 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 8.8 8.4 4.3 26 0.07 0.13 5.7 5.9 0.13 1.4 1.6 65 8,094 8,159 7.2 0.36 2.2 8,449 Mit. 8.8 8.4 4.3 26 0.07 0.13 5.7 5.9 0.13 1.4 1.6 65 8,094 8,159 7.2 0.36 2.2 8,449 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 9.1 8.7 4.1 29 0.07 0.13 5.5 5.7 0.13 1.4 1.5 65 8,157 8,222 7.2 0.34 11 8,514 Mit. 9.1 8.7 4.1 29 0.07 0.13 5.5 5.7 0.13 1.4 1.5 65 8,157 8,222 7.2 0.34 11 8,514 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 1.7 1.6 0.74 5.2 0.01 0.02 1.0 1.0 0.02 0.25 0.28 11 1,351 1,361 1.2 0.06 1.7 1,410 Mit. 1.7 1.6 0.74 5.2 0.01 0.02 1.0 1.0 0.02 0.25 0.28 11 1,351 1,361 1.2 0.06 1.7 1,410 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.9 3.6 2.7 31 0.07 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 6,692 6,692 0.36 0.30 21 6,812 Area 5.8 5.8 0.06 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Energy 0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,053 2,053 0.23 0.01 — 2,063 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total 9.9 9.5 3.9 38 0.07 0.14 5.7 5.9 0.13 1.4 1.6 65 8,809 8,875 7.1 0.34 23 9,177 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.4 3.1 3.2 25 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 5,995 5,995 0.40 0.32 0.55 6,102 Area 5.2 5.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,053 2,053 0.23 0.01 — 2,063 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total 8.8 8.4 4.3 26 0.07 0.13 5.7 5.9 0.13 1.4 1.6 65 8,094 8,159 7.2 0.36 2.2 8,449 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.4 3.1 2.9 25 0.06 0.04 5.5 5.6 0.04 1.4 1.4 — 6,049 6,049 0.37 0.30 8.9 6,158 Area 5.5 5.5 0.03 3.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 8.7 8.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 8.7 Energy 0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,053 2,053 0.23 0.01 — 2,063 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
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Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total 9.1 8.7 4.1 29 0.07 0.13 5.5 5.7 0.13 1.4 1.5 65 8,157 8,222 7.2 0.34 11 8,514 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.62 0.56 0.53 4.6 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 — 1,001 1,001 0.06 0.05 1.5 1,019 Area 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.59 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 1.4 1.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.4 Energy 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 340 340 0.04 < 0.005 — 341 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 7.8 9.3 0.15 < 0.005 — 14 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 9.3 0.00 9.3 0.93 0.00 — 33 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.27 0.27
Total 1.7 1.6 0.74 5.2 0.01 0.02 1.0 1.0 0.02 0.25 0.28 11 1,351 1,361 1.2 0.06 1.7 1,410

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.9 3.6 2.7 31 0.07 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 6,692 6,692 0.36 0.30 21 6,812 Area 5.8 5.8 0.06 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Energy 0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,053 2,053 0.23 0.01 — 2,063 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total 9.9 9.5 3.9 38 0.07 0.14 5.7 5.9 0.13 1.4 1.6 65 8,809 8,875 7.1 0.34 23 9,177 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.4 3.1 3.2 25 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 5,995 5,995 0.40 0.32 0.55 6,102 Area 5.2 5.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 14 / 62
Energy 0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,053 2,053 0.23 0.01 — 2,063 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total 8.8 8.4 4.3 26 0.07 0.13 5.7 5.9 0.13 1.4 1.6 65 8,094 8,159 7.2 0.36 2.2 8,449 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.4 3.1 2.9 25 0.06 0.04 5.5 5.6 0.04 1.4 1.4 — 6,049 6,049 0.37 0.30 8.9 6,158 Area 5.5 5.5 0.03 3.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 8.7 8.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 8.7 Energy 0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,053 2,053 0.23 0.01 — 2,063 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total 9.1 8.7 4.1 29 0.07 0.13 5.5 5.7 0.13 1.4 1.5 65 8,157 8,222 7.2 0.34 11 8,514 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.62 0.56 0.53 4.6 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 — 1,001 1,001 0.06 0.05 1.5 1,019 Area 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.59 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 1.4 1.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.4 Energy 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 340 340 0.04 < 0.005 — 341 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 7.8 9.3 0.15 < 0.005 — 14 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 9.3 0.00 9.3 0.93 0.00 — 33 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.27 0.27
Total 1.7 1.6 0.74 5.2 0.01 0.02 1.0 1.0 0.02 0.25 0.28 11 1,351 1,361 1.2 0.06 1.7 1,410

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.1. Site Preparation (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 15 / 62
Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.7 3.1 29 29 0.05 1.2 — 1.2 1.1 — 1.1 — 5,298 5,298 0.21 0.04 — 5,316 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 20 20 — 10 10 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.03 0.03 0.24 0.24 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 44 44 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 44 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.16 0.16 — 0.08 0.08 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.01 < 0.005 0.04 0.04 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 7.2 7.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 7.2 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.03 0.03 — 0.02 0.02 — — — — — — —
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Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.08 0.07 1.2 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 231 231 < 0.005 0.01 0.76 234 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.7 1.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.8 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.29 0.29 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.29 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.2. Site Preparation (2026) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 17 / 62
5,316 — 0.04 0.21 5,298 5,298 — 1.1 — 1.1 1.2 — 1.2 0.05 29 29 3.1 3.7 Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 20 20 — 10 10 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.01 < 0.005 0.04 0.04 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 7.2 7.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 7.2 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.03 0.03 — 0.02 0.02 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 18 / 62
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.08 0.07 1.2 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 231 231 < 0.005 0.01 0.76 234 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.7 1.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.8 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.29 0.29 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.29 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.3. Grading (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.6 3.0 27 28 0.06 1.1 — 1.1 1.0 — 1.0 — 6,599 6,599 0.27 0.05 — 6,621 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 19 / 62
— — — — — — — 3.7 3.7 — 9.2 9.2 — — — — — — Dust
From
Material
Movement
Onsite
truck

0.10 0.08 0.75 0.76 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 181 181 0.01 < 0.005 — 181 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.25 0.25 — 0.10 0.10 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.02 0.14 0.14 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 30 30 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 30 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.05 0.05 — 0.02 0.02 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.10 0.09 0.07 1.4 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 264 264 < 0.005 0.01 0.87 268 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 20 / 62
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.6 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.1 1.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.1 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.4. Grading (2026) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.6 3.0 27 28 0.06 1.1 — 1.1 1.0 — 1.0 — 6,599 6,599 0.27 0.05 — 6,621 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 9.2 9.2 — 3.7 3.7 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 21 / 62
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.10 0.09 0.07 1.4 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 264 264 < 0.005 0.01 0.87 268 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 22 / 62
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.6 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.1 1.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.1 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.5. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.3 1.1 9.9 13 0.02 0.38 — 0.38 0.35 — 0.35 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.36 0.31 2.8 3.7 0.01 0.11 — 0.11 0.10 — 0.10 — 683 683 0.03 0.01 — 685 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 23 / 62

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Onsite truck
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.07 0.06 0.51 0.67 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 113 113 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 113 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.20 0.18 0.16 2.9 0.00 0.00 0.51 0.51 0.00 0.12 0.12 — 551 551 0.01 0.02 1.8 559 Vendor 0.02 0.01 0.44 0.14 < 0.005 0.01 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.04 — 399 399 < 0.005 0.06 1.0 417 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.62 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.14 0.00 0.03 0.03 — 143 143 < 0.005 0.01 0.22 145 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.13 0.04 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 114 114 < 0.005 0.02 0.13 119 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 24 24 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 24 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 19 19 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 20 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.6. Building Construction (2026) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 24 / 62
Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.3 1.1 9.9 13 0.02 0.38 — 0.38 0.35 — 0.35 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.36 0.31 2.8 3.7 0.01 0.11 — 0.11 0.10 — 0.10 — 683 683 0.03 0.01 — 685 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.07 0.06 0.51 0.67 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 113 113 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 113 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.20 0.18 0.16 2.9 0.00 0.00 0.51 0.51 0.00 0.12 0.12 — 551 551 0.01 0.02 1.8 559 Vendor 0.02 0.01 0.44 0.14 < 0.005 0.01 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.04 — 399 399 < 0.005 0.06 1.0 417 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 25 / 62
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.62 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.14 0.00 0.03 0.03 — 143 143 < 0.005 0.01 0.22 145 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.13 0.04 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 114 114 < 0.005 0.02 0.13 119 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 24 24 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 24 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 19 19 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 20 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.7. Paving (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.91 0.76 7.1 9.9 0.01 0.32 — 0.32 0.29 — 0.29 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 26 / 62
1,516 — 0.01 0.06 1,511 1,511 — 0.29 — 0.29 0.32 — 0.32 0.01 9.9 7.1 0.76 0.91 Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.01 0.14 0.19 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.03 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 4.8 4.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 4.8 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.07 0.06 1.0 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 198 198 < 0.005 0.01 0.65 201 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 174 174 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 176 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 27 / 62
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.5 3.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 3.5 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.57 0.57 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.58 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.8. Paving (2026) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.91 0.76 7.1 9.9 0.01 0.32 — 0.32 0.29 — 0.29 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 28 / 62
1,516 — 0.01 0.06 1,511 1,511 — 0.29 — 0.29 0.32 — 0.32 0.01 9.9 7.1 0.76 0.91 Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.01 0.14 0.19 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.07 0.06 1.0 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 198 198 < 0.005 0.01 0.65 201 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 174 174 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 176 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 29 / 62
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.5 3.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 3.5 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.57 0.57 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.58 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.9. Architectural Coating (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.15 0.12 0.86 1.1 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
202 202 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 30 / 62
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 2.6 2.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 2.6 Architect
ural
Coating
s

3.9 3.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 0.42 0.42 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.43 Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.71 0.71 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 97 97 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 98 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.9 1.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.0 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 31 / 62
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.32 0.32 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.32 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.10. Architectural Coating (2026) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.15 0.12 0.86 1.1 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
202 202 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 2.6 2.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 2.6 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 32 / 62
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3.9 3.9 Architect
ural
Onsite
truck

0.71 0.71 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 97 97 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 98 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.9 1.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.0 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.32 0.32 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.32 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 33 / 62

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

3.9 3.6 2.7 31 0.07 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 6,692 6,692 0.36 0.30 21 6,812 Total 3.9 3.6 2.7 31 0.07 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 6,692 6,692 0.36 0.30 21 6,812 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.62 0.56 0.53 4.6 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 — 1,001 1,001 0.06 0.05 1.5 1,019 Total 0.62 0.56 0.53 4.6 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 — 1,001 1,001 0.06 0.05 1.5 1,019

4.1.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 34 / 62
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.62 0.56 0.53 4.6 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 — 1,001 1,001 0.06 0.05 1.5 1,019 Total 0.62 0.56 0.53 4.6 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 — 1,001 1,001 0.06 0.05 1.5 1,019

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 606 606 0.10 0.01 — 612
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 606 606 0.10 0.01 — 612
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 35 / 62
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 606 606 0.10 0.01 — 612
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 606 606 0.10 0.01 — 612
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 100 100 0.02 < 0.005 — 101
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 100 100 0.02 < 0.005 — 101

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 606 606 0.10 0.01 — 612
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 606 606 0.10 0.01 — 612
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 606 606 0.10 0.01 — 612
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 606 606 0.10 0.01 — 612
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 36 / 62
101 — < 0.005 0.02 100 100 — — — — — — — — — — — — Single Family
Housing
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 100 100 0.02 < 0.005 — 101

0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,447 1,447 0.13 < 0.005 — 1,451 Total 0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,447 1,447 0.13 < 0.005 — 1,451 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,447 1,447 0.13 < 0.005 — 1,451 Total 0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,447 1,447 0.13 < 0.005 — 1,451 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 240 240 0.02 < 0.005 — 240 Total 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 240 240 0.02 < 0.005 — 240

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 37 / 62
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 240 240 0.02 < 0.005 — 240 Total 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 240 240 0.02 < 0.005 — 240

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

4.3.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Source TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

4.8 4.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 38 / 62
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.39 0.39 Architect
ural
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

0.62 0.58 0.06 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Total 5.8 5.8 0.06 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

4.8 4.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.39 0.39 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total 5.2 5.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

0.88 0.88 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.07 0.07 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

0.06 0.05 0.01 0.59 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 1.4 1.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.4 Total 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.59 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 1.4 1.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.4 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 39 / 62

4.3.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Source TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

4.8 4.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.39 0.39 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

4.8 4.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.88 0.88 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.07 0.07 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

0.06 0.05 0.01 0.59 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 1.4 1.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.4 Total 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.59 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 1.4 1.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.4

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 41 / 62
14 — < 0.005 0.15 9.3 7.8 1.5 — — — — — — — — — — — Single Family
Housing
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 7.8 9.3 0.15 < 0.005 — 14

4.4.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 7.8 9.3 0.15 < 0.005 — 14
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 7.8 9.3 0.15 < 0.005 — 14

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 42 / 62
Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.3 0.00 9.3 0.93 0.00 — 33
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.3 0.00 9.3 0.93 0.00 — 33

4.5.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 43 / 62
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.3 0.00 9.3 0.93 0.00 — 33
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.3 0.00 9.3 0.93 0.00 — 33

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 44 / 62
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.27 0.27
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.27 0.27

4.6.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.27 0.27
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.27 0.27

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 45 / 62
Equipm
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.7.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 46 / 62
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.8.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 47 / 62

4.9.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.9.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 48 / 62

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Vegetati
on
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 49 / 62

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 50 / 62
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Sequest
ered
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Vegetati
on
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 51 / 62
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 52 / 62
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

5. Activity Data

5.1. Construction Schedule
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date Days Per Week Work Days per Phase Phase Description Site Preparation Site Preparation 4/15/2026 4/17/2026 5.0 3.0 — Grading Grading 4/20/2026 5/1/2026 5.0 10.0 —
Building Construction Building Construction 5/4/2026 9/24/2026 5.0 104 — Paving Paving 9/25/2026 10/5/2026 5.0 7.0 —
Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 10/6/2026 10/14/2026 5.0 7.0 —

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 367 0.40 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 53 / 62
Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back Diesel Average 4.0 8.0 84 0.37 Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 367 0.40 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 82 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 14 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.0 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 46 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 3.0 7.0 84 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 81 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 89 0.36
Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.0 37 0.48

5.2.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 4.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 367 0.40 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 54 / 62
Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 82 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 14 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.0 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 46 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 3.0 7.0 84 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 81 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 89 0.36
Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.0 37 0.48

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation Worker 18 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading Worker 20 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction Worker 42 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 12 11 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving Worker 15 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 55 / 62
Paving Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating Worker 8.4 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT

5.3.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation Worker 18 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading Worker 20 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction Worker 42 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 12 11 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving Worker 15 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating Worker 8.4 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 56 / 62
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT

5.4. Vehicles

5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.5. Architectural Coatings
Phase Name Residential Interior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Residential Exterior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Non-Residential Interior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Non-Residential Exterior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Parking Area Coated (sq ft)
Architectural Coating 458,055 152,685 0.00 0.00 —

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities
Phase Name Material Imported (cy) Material Exported (cy) Acres Graded (acres) Material Demolished (sq. ft.) Acres Paved (acres) Site Preparation — — 4.5 0.00 0.00
Grading — — 30 0.00 0.00
Paving 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.3

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.7. Construction Paving
Phase Name Land Use Area Paved (acres) % Asphalt
Paving Single Family Housing 1.3 0%

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors kWh per Y ear and Emission Factor (lb/MWh)
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Y ear kWh per Y ear CO2 CH4 N2O
2026 0.00 204 0.03 < 0.005

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Y ear VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Y ear Single Family
Housing
1,095 1,107 992 394,911 8,072 8,157 7,311 2,910,943

5.9.2. Mitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Y ear VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Y ear Single Family
Housing
1,095 1,107 992 394,911 8,072 8,157 7,311 2,910,943

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths
Land Use Hearth Type Unmitigated (number) Mitigated (number) Single Family Housing Wood Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing Gas Fireplaces 116 116
Single Family Housing Propane Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing Electric Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing No Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing Conventional Wood Stoves 0 0
Single Family Housing Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 0
Single Family Housing Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 0
Single Family Housing Pellet Wood Stoves 0 0
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5.10.2. Architectural Coatings
— Residential Interior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Residential Exterior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Non-Residential Interior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Non-Residential Exterior Area
Coated (sq ft)
Parking Area Coated (sq ft)
undefined 458,055 152,685 0.00 0.00 —

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.1. Unmitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Single Family Housing 1,084,203 204 0.0330 0.0040 4,513,829

5.11.2. Mitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Single Family Housing 1,084,203 204 0.0330 0.0040 4,513,829 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 59 / 62

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption

5.12.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 4,703,551 27,084,193

5.12.2. Mitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 4,703,551 27,084,193

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 105 0.00

5.13.2. Mitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 105 0.00

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

1.00 0.00 0.60 0.12 1,430 R-134a Single Family Housing Household refrigerators and/or
freezers

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 61 / 62

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

5.18.2.2. Mitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

8. User Changes to Default Data

8.1. Justifications
Screen Justification
Land Use Updated lot acreage based on total site size and number of dwelling units per phase.

Construction: Construction Phases Updated construction schedule per applicant provided data.

Operations: Fleet Mix SJVAPCD Residential Fleet Mix for 2026.

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Operations: Hearths Assuming all units may have a gas fireplace. Wood stoves not allowed per SJVAPCD Rule 4901.

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VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report
Table of Contents

1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information

1.2. Land Use Types

1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector

2. Emissions Summary

2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated

2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.1. Site Preparation (2026) - Unmitigated

3.2. Site Preparation (2026) - Mitigated

3.3. Grading (2026) - Unmitigated
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3.4. Grading (2026) - Mitigated

3.5. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated

3.6. Building Construction (2026) - Mitigated

3.7. Paving (2026) - Unmitigated

3.8. Paving (2026) - Mitigated

3.9. Architectural Coating (2026) - Unmitigated

3.10. Architectural Coating (2026) - Mitigated

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

4.1.1. Unmitigated

4.1.2. Mitigated

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated

4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

4.3.1. Unmitigated
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4.3.2. Mitigated

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated

4.4.2. Mitigated

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated

4.5.2. Mitigated

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated

4.6.2. Mitigated

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated

4.7.2. Mitigated

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated

4.8.2. Mitigated

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.1. Unmitigated
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4.9.2. Mitigated

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated

4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated

5. Activity Data

5.1. Construction Schedule

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated

5.2.2. Mitigated

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated

5.3.2. Mitigated

5.4. Vehicles

5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
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5.5. Architectural Coatings

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies

5.7. Construction Paving

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.1. Unmitigated

5.9.2. Mitigated

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths

5.10.2. Architectural Coatings

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.1. Unmitigated

5.11.2. Mitigated

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption
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5.12.1. Unmitigated

5.12.2. Mitigated

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated

5.13.2. Mitigated

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.14.1. Unmitigated

5.14.2. Mitigated

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
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5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated

5.18.2.2. Mitigated

8. User Changes to Default Data

8.1. Justifications
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1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information
Data Field Value
Project Name VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated
Construction Start Date 4/15/2026
Operational Y ear 2026
Lead Agency —
Land Use Scale Project/site
Analysis Level for Defaults County
Windspeed (m/s) 2.7
Precipitation (days) 18
Location 35.418729544683956, -119.16611738041257
County Kern-San Joaquin
City Bakersfield
Air District San Joaquin Valley APCD
Air Basin San Joaquin Valley
TAZ 2889
EDFZ 5
Electric Utility Pacific Gas & Electric Company
Gas Utility Southern California Gas
App Version 2022.1.1.35

1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector Sector # Measure Title
Construction C-10-A Water Exposed Surfaces
Construction C-10-C Water Unpaved Construction Roads
Construction C-11 Limit Vehicle Speeds on Unpaved Roads Transportation T-14* Provide Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Energy E-2 Require Energy Efficient Appliances
Energy E-10-B Establish Onsite Renewable Energy Systems: Solar Power Energy E-15 Require All-Electric Development
Energy E-25* Install Electric Heat Pumps
* Qualitative or supporting measure. Emission reductions not included in the mitigated emissions results.

2. Emissions Summary

2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 3.8 3.2 29 30 0.06 1.2 20 21 1.1 10 11 — 6,863 6,863 0.27 0.10 2.9 6,889 Mit. 3.8 3.2 29 30 0.06 1.2 5.3 6.6 1.1 2.7 3.8 — 6,863 6,863 0.27 0.10 2.9 6,889 %
Reduced
— — — — — — 73% 69% — 74% 66% — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 202 202 7.2 11 0.01 0.32 0.18 0.50 0.29 0.04 0.34 — 1,684 1,684 0.06 0.02 0.02 1,692 Mit. 202 202 7.2 11 0.01 0.32 0.18 0.50 0.29 0.04 0.34 — 1,684 1,684 0.06 0.02 0.02 1,692 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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%
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 4.5 4.4 4.1 5.6 0.01 0.16 0.60 0.76 0.14 0.23 0.37 — 1,209 1,209 0.04 0.03 0.37 1,220 Mit. 4.5 4.4 4.1 5.6 0.01 0.16 0.30 0.45 0.14 0.09 0.24 — 1,209 1,209 0.04 0.03 0.37 1,220 %
Reduced
— — — — — — 51% 40% — 59% 36% — — — — — — —
Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 0.81 0.80 0.75 1.0 < 0.005 0.03 0.11 0.14 0.03 0.04 0.07 — 200 200 0.01 < 0.005 0.06 202 Mit. 0.81 0.80 0.75 1.0 < 0.005 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.03 0.02 0.04 — 200 200 0.01 < 0.005 0.06 202 %
Reduced
— — — — — — 51% 40% — 59% 36% — — — — — — —

2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily -
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 3.8 3.2 29 30 0.06 1.2 20 21 1.1 10 11 — 6,863 6,863 0.27 0.10 2.9 6,889 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 202 202 7.2 11 0.01 0.32 0.18 0.50 0.29 0.04 0.34 — 1,684 1,684 0.06 0.02 0.02 1,692 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 4.5 4.4 4.1 5.6 0.01 0.16 0.60 0.76 0.14 0.23 0.37 — 1,209 1,209 0.04 0.03 0.37 1,220 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 0.81 0.80 0.75 1.0 < 0.005 0.03 0.11 0.14 0.03 0.04 0.07 — 200 200 0.01 < 0.005 0.06 202 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily -
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 3.8 3.2 29 30 0.06 1.2 5.3 6.6 1.1 2.7 3.8 — 6,863 6,863 0.27 0.10 2.9 6,889 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 202 202 7.2 11 0.01 0.32 0.18 0.50 0.29 0.04 0.34 — 1,684 1,684 0.06 0.02 0.02 1,692 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 4.5 4.4 4.1 5.6 0.01 0.16 0.30 0.45 0.14 0.09 0.24 — 1,209 1,209 0.04 0.03 0.37 1,220 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 0.81 0.80 0.75 1.0 < 0.005 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.03 0.02 0.04 — 200 200 0.01 < 0.005 0.06 202

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 9.9 9.5 3.9 38 0.07 0.14 5.7 5.9 0.13 1.4 1.6 65 8,809 8,875 7.1 0.34 23 9,177 Mit. 9.8 9.4 2.8 38 0.07 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 65 6,930 6,995 6.9 0.33 23 7,289 %
Reduced
1% 1% 29% 1% 10% 68% — 2% 69% — 6% — 21% 21% 3% 3% — 21% Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 8.8 8.4 4.3 26 0.07 0.13 5.7 5.9 0.13 1.4 1.6 65 8,094 8,159 7.2 0.36 2.2 8,449 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Mit. 8.7 8.3 3.2 25 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 65 6,214 6,280 7.0 0.35 2.2 6,561 %
Reduced
2% 1% 26% 2% 11% 69% — 2% 71% — 6% — 23% 23% 3% 3% — 22% Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 9.1 8.7 4.1 29 0.07 0.13 5.5 5.7 0.13 1.4 1.5 65 8,157 8,222 7.2 0.34 11 8,514 Mit. 9.0 8.6 2.9 28 0.06 0.04 5.5 5.6 0.04 1.4 1.4 65 6,277 6,343 7.0 0.33 11 6,626 %
Reduced
1% 1% 28% 2% 11% 69% — 2% 70% — 6% — 23% 23% 3% 3% — 22% Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 1.7 1.6 0.74 5.2 0.01 0.02 1.0 1.0 0.02 0.25 0.28 11 1,351 1,361 1.2 0.06 1.7 1,410 Mit. 1.6 1.6 0.53 5.2 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 11 1,039 1,050 1.2 0.05 1.7 1,097 %
Reduced
1% 1% 28% 2% 11% 69% — 2% 70% — 6% — 23% 23% 3% 3% — 22%

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.9 3.6 2.7 31 0.07 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 6,692 6,692 0.36 0.30 21 6,812 Area 5.8 5.8 0.06 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Energy 0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,053 2,053 0.23 0.01 — 2,063 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total 9.9 9.5 3.9 38 0.07 0.14 5.7 5.9 0.13 1.4 1.6 65 8,809 8,875 7.1 0.34 23 9,177 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Mobile 3.4 3.1 3.2 25 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 5,995 5,995 0.40 0.32 0.55 6,102 Area 5.2 5.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,053 2,053 0.23 0.01 — 2,063 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total 8.8 8.4 4.3 26 0.07 0.13 5.7 5.9 0.13 1.4 1.6 65 8,094 8,159 7.2 0.36 2.2 8,449 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.4 3.1 2.9 25 0.06 0.04 5.5 5.6 0.04 1.4 1.4 — 6,049 6,049 0.37 0.30 8.9 6,158 Area 5.5 5.5 0.03 3.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 8.7 8.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 8.7 Energy 0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,053 2,053 0.23 0.01 — 2,063 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total 9.1 8.7 4.1 29 0.07 0.13 5.5 5.7 0.13 1.4 1.5 65 8,157 8,222 7.2 0.34 11 8,514 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.62 0.56 0.53 4.6 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 — 1,001 1,001 0.06 0.05 1.5 1,019 Area 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.59 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 1.4 1.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.4 Energy 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 340 340 0.04 < 0.005 — 341 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 7.8 9.3 0.15 < 0.005 — 14 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 9.3 0.00 9.3 0.93 0.00 — 33 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.27 0.27
Total 1.7 1.6 0.74 5.2 0.01 0.02 1.0 1.0 0.02 0.25 0.28 11 1,351 1,361 1.2 0.06 1.7 1,410

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated
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Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.9 3.6 2.7 31 0.07 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 6,692 6,692 0.36 0.30 21 6,812 Area 5.8 5.8 0.06 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 173 173 0.03 < 0.005 — 175 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total 9.8 9.4 2.8 38 0.07 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 65 6,930 6,995 6.9 0.33 23 7,289 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.4 3.1 3.2 25 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 5,995 5,995 0.40 0.32 0.55 6,102 Area 5.2 5.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 173 173 0.03 < 0.005 — 175 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total 8.7 8.3 3.2 25 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 65 6,214 6,280 7.0 0.35 2.2 6,561 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.4 3.1 2.9 25 0.06 0.04 5.5 5.6 0.04 1.4 1.4 — 6,049 6,049 0.37 0.30 8.9 6,158 Area 5.5 5.5 0.03 3.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 8.7 8.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 8.7 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 173 173 0.03 < 0.005 — 175 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
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Total 9.0 8.6 2.9 28 0.06 0.04 5.5 5.6 0.04 1.4 1.4 65 6,277 6,343 7.0 0.33 11 6,626 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.62 0.56 0.53 4.6 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 — 1,001 1,001 0.06 0.05 1.5 1,019 Area 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.59 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 1.4 1.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.4 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 7.8 9.3 0.15 < 0.005 — 14 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 9.3 0.00 9.3 0.93 0.00 — 33 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.27 0.27
Total 1.6 1.6 0.53 5.2 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 11 1,039 1,050 1.2 0.05 1.7 1,097

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.7 3.1 29 29 0.05 1.2 — 1.2 1.1 — 1.1 — 5,298 5,298 0.21 0.04 — 5,316 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 20 20 — 10 10 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.08 0.07 1.2 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 231 231 < 0.005 0.01 0.76 234 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.7 1.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.8 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.29 0.29 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.29 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.7 3.1 29 29 0.05 1.2 — 1.2 1.1 — 1.1 — 5,298 5,298 0.21 0.04 — 5,316 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 5.1 5.1 — 2.6 2.6 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.03 0.03 0.24 0.24 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 44 44 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 44 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — 0.02 0.02 — 0.04 0.04 — — — — — — Dust
From
Material
Movement
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.01 < 0.005 0.04 0.04 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 7.2 7.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 7.2 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.01 0.01 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.08 0.07 1.2 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 231 231 < 0.005 0.01 0.76 234 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.7 1.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.8 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.29 0.29 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.29 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.6 3.0 27 28 0.06 1.1 — 1.1 1.0 — 1.0 — 6,599 6,599 0.27 0.05 — 6,621 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 9.2 9.2 — 3.7 3.7 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.10 0.09 0.07 1.4 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 264 264 < 0.005 0.01 0.87 268 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.6 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.1 1.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.1 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.4. Grading (2026) - Mitigated
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Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.6 3.0 27 28 0.06 1.1 — 1.1 1.0 — 1.0 — 6,599 6,599 0.27 0.05 — 6,621 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 2.4 2.4 — 0.95 0.95 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.10 0.08 0.75 0.76 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 181 181 0.01 < 0.005 — 181 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.07 0.07 — 0.03 0.03 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.02 0.14 0.14 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 30 30 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 30 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.01 0.01 — — — — — — Dust From
Material
Movement
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.10 0.09 0.07 1.4 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 264 264 < 0.005 0.01 0.87 268 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.6 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.1 1.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.1 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.5. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.3 1.1 9.9 13 0.02 0.38 — 0.38 0.35 — 0.35 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.36 0.31 2.8 3.7 0.01 0.11 — 0.11 0.10 — 0.10 — 683 683 0.03 0.01 — 685 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.07 0.06 0.51 0.67 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 113 113 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 113 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.20 0.18 0.16 2.9 0.00 0.00 0.51 0.51 0.00 0.12 0.12 — 551 551 0.01 0.02 1.8 559 Vendor 0.02 0.01 0.44 0.14 < 0.005 0.01 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.04 — 399 399 < 0.005 0.06 1.0 417 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.62 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.14 0.00 0.03 0.03 — 143 143 < 0.005 0.01 0.22 145 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.13 0.04 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.03 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 114 114 < 0.005 0.02 0.13 119 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 24 24 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 24 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 19 19 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 20 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.3 1.1 9.9 13 0.02 0.38 — 0.38 0.35 — 0.35 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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685 — 0.01 0.03 683 683 — 0.10 — 0.10 0.11 — 0.11 0.01 3.7 2.8 0.31 0.36 Off-Roa d
Equipm
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.07 0.06 0.51 0.67 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 113 113 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 113 Onsite
truck

0.91 0.76 7.1 9.9 0.01 0.32 — 0.32 0.29 — 0.29 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.91 0.76 7.1 9.9 0.01 0.32 — 0.32 0.29 — 0.29 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.01 0.14 0.19 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Off-Roa
Equipment
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.03 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 4.8 4.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 4.8 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.07 0.06 1.0 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 198 198 < 0.005 0.01 0.65 201 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 174 174 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 176 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.5 3.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 3.5 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.57 0.57 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.58 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.8. Paving (2026) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.91 0.76 7.1 9.9 0.01 0.32 — 0.32 0.29 — 0.29 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.91 0.76 7.1 9.9 0.01 0.32 — 0.32 0.29 — 0.29 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.01 0.14 0.19 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.07 0.06 1.0 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 198 198 < 0.005 0.01 0.65 201 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 174 174 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 176 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.5 3.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 3.5 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.57 0.57 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.58 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.9. Architectural Coating (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.15 0.12 0.86 1.1 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
202 202 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

3.9 3.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.71 0.71 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Onsite truck
Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 97 97 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 98 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.9 1.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.0 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.32 0.32 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.32 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.15 0.12 0.86 1.1 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
202 202 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

3.9 3.9 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.71 0.71 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Worker 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 97 97 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 98 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.9 1.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.0 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.32 0.32 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.32 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

3.9 3.6 2.7 31 0.07 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 6,692 6,692 0.36 0.30 21 6,812 Total 3.9 3.6 2.7 31 0.07 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 6,692 6,692 0.36 0.30 21 6,812 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.62 0.56 0.53 4.6 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 — 1,001 1,001 0.06 0.05 1.5 1,019 Total 0.62 0.56 0.53 4.6 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 — 1,001 1,001 0.06 0.05 1.5 1,019

4.1.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

3.4 3.1 3.2 25 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 5,995 5,995 0.40 0.32 0.55 6,102 Total 3.4 3.1 3.2 25 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.8 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 5,995 5,995 0.40 0.32 0.55 6,102 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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1,019 1.5 0.05 0.06 1,001 1,001 — 0.26 0.25 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.01 4.6 0.53 0.56 0.62 Single Family
Housing
Total 0.62 0.56 0.53 4.6 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.25 0.26 — 1,001 1,001 0.06 0.05 1.5 1,019

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 606 606 0.10 0.01 — 612
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 606 606 0.10 0.01 — 612
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 606 606 0.10 0.01 — 612
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 606 606 0.10 0.01 — 612
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 100 100 0.02 < 0.005 — 101
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 100 100 0.02 < 0.005 — 101

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 173 173 0.03 < 0.005 — 175
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 173 173 0.03 < 0.005 — 175 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 173 173 0.03 < 0.005 — 175
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 173 173 0.03 < 0.005 — 175 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29

0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,447 1,447 0.13 < 0.005 — 1,451 Total 0.13 0.07 1.1 0.48 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,447 1,447 0.13 < 0.005 — 1,451 VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Single
Family
Housing

0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 240 240 0.02 < 0.005 — 240 Total 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 240 240 0.02 < 0.005 — 240

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Single Family
Housing
Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

4.8 4.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.39 0.39 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

4.8 4.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Architect
Coatings

0.88 0.88 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.07 0.07 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

4.8 4.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.39 0.39 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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18 — < 0.005 < 0.005 18 18 — < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 6.6 0.06 0.58 0.62 Landsca pe
Total 5.8 5.8 0.06 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

4.8 4.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.88 0.88 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.07 0.07 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated
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Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 7.8 9.3 0.15 < 0.005 — 14
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 7.8 9.3 0.15 < 0.005 — 14

4.4.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
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Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.0 47 56 0.93 0.02 — 86
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 7.8 9.3 0.15 < 0.005 — 14
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 7.8 9.3 0.15 < 0.005 — 14

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.3 0.00 9.3 0.93 0.00 — 33
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.3 0.00 9.3 0.93 0.00 — 33

4.5.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 56 0.00 56 5.6 0.00 — 197
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.3 0.00 9.3 0.93 0.00 — 33
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.3 0.00 9.3 0.93 0.00 — 33

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.27 0.27
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.27 0.27

4.6.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.6 1.6
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.27 0.27
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.27 0.27

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.7.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Equipm
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.8.2. Mitigated
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Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Vegetati
on
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

5. Activity Data
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5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 4.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 367 0.40 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 82 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 14 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.0 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 46 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 3.0 7.0 84 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 81 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 89 0.36
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Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.0 37 0.48

5.2.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 4.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 367 0.40 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 82 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 14 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.0 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 46 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 3.0 7.0 84 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 81 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 89 0.36
Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.0 37 0.48

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix VTTM 7451 - Phase 1 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Site Preparation Worker 18 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading Worker 20 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction Worker 42 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 12 11 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving Worker 15 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating Worker 8.4 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT

5.3.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation Worker 18 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading Worker 20 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
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Grading Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction Worker 42 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 12 11 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving Worker 15 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating Worker 8.4 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT

5.4. Vehicles

5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities
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Phase Name Material Imported (cy) Material Exported (cy) Acres Graded (acres) Material Demolished (sq. ft.) Acres Paved (acres) Site Preparation — — 4.5 0.00 0.00
Grading — — 30 0.00 0.00
Paving 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.3

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.7. Construction Paving
Phase Name Land Use Area Paved (acres) % Asphalt
Paving Single Family Housing 1.3 0%

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors kWh per Y ear and Emission Factor (lb/MWh)
Y ear kWh per Y ear CO2 CH4 N2O
2026 0.00 204 0.03 < 0.005

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
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Summer Days day/yr 180

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.2. Mitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Single Family Housing 309,375 204 0.0330 0.0040 0.00

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption

5.12.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 4,703,551 27,084,193

5.12.2. Mitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 4,703,551 27,084,193

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated
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Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 105 0.00

5.13.2. Mitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 105 0.00

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated
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5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.2. Sequestration
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5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

5.18.2.2. Mitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

8. User Changes to Default Data

8.1. Justifications
Screen Justification
Land Use Updated lot acreage based on total site size and number of dwelling units per phase.

Construction: Construction Phases Updated construction schedule per applicant provided data.

Operations: Fleet Mix SJVAPCD Residential Fleet Mix for 2026.

Operations: Hearths Project design measure - project will not have any natural gas plumbing or fireplaces.

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VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report
Table of Contents

1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information

1.2. Land Use Types

1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector

2. Emissions Summary

2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated

2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.1. Site Preparation (2026) - Unmitigated

3.2. Site Preparation (2026) - Mitigated

3.3. Grading (2026) - Unmitigated
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3.4. Grading (2026) - Mitigated

3.5. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated

3.6. Building Construction (2026) - Mitigated

3.7. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated

3.8. Building Construction (2027) - Mitigated

3.9. Paving (2027) - Unmitigated

3.10. Paving (2027) - Mitigated

3.11. Architectural Coating (2027) - Unmitigated

3.12. Architectural Coating (2027) - Mitigated

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

4.1.1. Unmitigated

4.1.2. Mitigated

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated

4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
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4.3. Area Emissions by Source

4.3.1. Unmitigated

4.3.2. Mitigated

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated

4.4.2. Mitigated

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated

4.5.2. Mitigated

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated

4.6.2. Mitigated

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated

4.7.2. Mitigated

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated

4.8.2. Mitigated
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4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.1. Unmitigated

4.9.2. Mitigated

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated

4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated

5. Activity Data

5.1. Construction Schedule

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated

5.2.2. Mitigated

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated

5.3.2. Mitigated
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5.4. Vehicles

5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies

5.5. Architectural Coatings

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies

5.7. Construction Paving

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.1. Unmitigated

5.9.2. Mitigated

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths

5.10.2. Architectural Coatings

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.1. Unmitigated
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5.11.2. Mitigated

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption

5.12.1. Unmitigated

5.12.2. Mitigated

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated

5.13.2. Mitigated

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.14.1. Unmitigated

5.14.2. Mitigated

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation
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5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated

5.18.2.2. Mitigated

8. User Changes to Default Data

8.1. Justifications
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1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information
Data Field Value
Project Name VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated
Construction Start Date 10/15/2026
Operational Y ear 2027
Lead Agency —
Land Use Scale Project/site
Analysis Level for Defaults County
Windspeed (m/s) 2.7
Precipitation (days) 18
Location 35.41784838385129, -119.16546061203499
County Kern-San Joaquin
City Bakersfield
Air District San Joaquin Valley APCD
Air Basin San Joaquin Valley
TAZ 2889
EDFZ 5
Electric Utility Pacific Gas & Electric Company
Gas Utility Southern California Gas
App Version 2022.1.1.35

1.2. Land Use Types
Land Use Subtype Size Unit Lot Acreage Building Area (sq ft) Landscape Area (sq ft)
Special Landscape
Area (sq ft)
Population Description
Single Family
Housing
119 Dwelling Unit 15 232,050 1,393,830 — 383 —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 9 / 65

2. Emissions Summary

2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 10 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily -
Summer
(Max)
2027 208 208 7.0 11 0.01 0.30 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.04 0.32 — 1,705 1,705 0.06 0.02 0.59 1,713 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 3.8 3.2 29 30 0.06 1.2 20 21 1.1 10 11 — 6,830 6,830 0.27 0.10 0.08 6,856 2027 1.4 1.2 10 15 0.03 0.34 0.64 0.98 0.32 0.15 0.47 — 3,284 3,284 0.11 0.10 0.07 3,316 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 0.30 0.26 2.2 2.8 0.01 0.09 0.49 0.58 0.08 0.20 0.28 — 616 616 0.02 0.01 0.16 621 2027 4.2 4.2 1.8 2.7 < 0.005 0.06 0.11 0.17 0.06 0.03 0.08 — 580 580 0.02 0.02 0.19 585 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 0.06 0.05 0.40 0.51 < 0.005 0.02 0.09 0.11 0.01 0.04 0.05 — 102 102 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 103 2027 0.77 0.77 0.33 0.50 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.01 < 0.005 0.02 — 96 96 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 97

2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily -
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 208 208 7.0 11 0.01 0.30 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.04 0.32 — 1,705 1,705 0.06 0.02 0.59 1,713 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 3.8 3.2 29 30 0.06 1.2 20 21 1.1 10 11 — 6,830 6,830 0.27 0.10 0.08 6,856 2027 1.4 1.2 10 15 0.03 0.34 0.64 0.98 0.32 0.15 0.47 — 3,284 3,284 0.11 0.10 0.07 3,316 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 0.30 0.26 2.2 2.8 0.01 0.09 0.49 0.58 0.08 0.20 0.28 — 616 616 0.02 0.01 0.16 621 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 11 / 65
2027 4.2 4.2 1.8 2.7 < 0.005 0.06 0.11 0.17 0.06 0.03 0.08 — 580 580 0.02 0.02 0.19 585 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 0.06 0.05 0.40 0.51 < 0.005 0.02 0.09 0.11 0.01 0.04 0.05 — 102 102 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 103 2027 0.77 0.77 0.33 0.50 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.01 < 0.005 0.02 — 96 96 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 97

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 10.0 9.5 3.9 37 0.07 0.14 5.9 6.0 0.13 1.5 1.6 67 8,886 8,953 7.3 0.33 21 9,256 Mit. 10.0 9.5 3.9 37 0.07 0.14 5.9 6.0 0.13 1.5 1.6 67 8,886 8,953 7.3 0.33 21 9,256 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 8.9 8.5 4.2 25 0.07 0.13 5.9 6.0 0.13 1.5 1.6 67 8,168 8,235 7.4 0.36 2.2 8,527 Mit. 8.9 8.5 4.2 25 0.07 0.13 5.9 6.0 0.13 1.5 1.6 67 8,168 8,235 7.4 0.36 2.2 8,527 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 9.2 8.8 4.0 28 0.07 0.14 5.7 5.8 0.13 1.4 1.6 67 8,232 8,299 7.3 0.34 9.8 8,592 Mit. 9.2 8.8 4.0 28 0.07 0.14 5.7 5.8 0.13 1.4 1.6 67 8,232 8,299 7.3 0.34 9.8 8,592 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 1.7 1.6 0.72 5.1 0.01 0.02 1.0 1.1 0.02 0.26 0.29 11 1,363 1,374 1.2 0.06 1.6 1,422 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 12 / 65
Mit. 1.7 1.6 0.72 5.1 0.01 0.02 1.0 1.1 0.02 0.26 0.29 11 1,363 1,374 1.2 0.06 1.6 1,422 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.8 3.5 2.6 30 0.07 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 — 6,715 6,715 0.35 0.29 19 6,830 Area 6.0 6.0 0.06 6.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Energy 0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,106 2,106 0.23 0.01 — 2,116 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total 10.0 9.5 3.9 37 0.07 0.14 5.9 6.0 0.13 1.5 1.6 67 8,886 8,953 7.3 0.33 21 9,256 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.4 3.0 3.1 24 0.06 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 — 6,014 6,014 0.40 0.32 0.50 6,120 Area 5.4 5.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,106 2,106 0.23 0.01 — 2,116 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total 8.9 8.5 4.2 25 0.07 0.13 5.9 6.0 0.13 1.5 1.6 67 8,168 8,235 7.4 0.36 2.2 8,527 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.3 3.0 2.8 24 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.7 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 6,069 6,069 0.37 0.30 8.1 6,175 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 13 / 65
Area 5.7 5.7 0.03 3.3 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 8.9 8.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 8.9 Energy 0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,106 2,106 0.23 0.01 — 2,116 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total 9.2 8.8 4.0 28 0.07 0.14 5.7 5.8 0.13 1.4 1.6 67 8,232 8,299 7.3 0.34 9.8 8,592 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.61 0.55 0.51 4.4 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 — 1,005 1,005 0.06 0.05 1.3 1,022 Area 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.61 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 1.5 1.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.5 Energy 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 349 349 0.04 < 0.005 — 350 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 8.0 9.5 0.16 < 0.005 — 15 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 9.6 0.00 9.6 0.95 0.00 — 33 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.28 0.28
Total 1.7 1.6 0.72 5.1 0.01 0.02 1.0 1.1 0.02 0.26 0.29 11 1,363 1,374 1.2 0.06 1.6 1,422

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.8 3.5 2.6 30 0.07 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 — 6,715 6,715 0.35 0.29 19 6,830 Area 6.0 6.0 0.06 6.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Energy 0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,106 2,106 0.23 0.01 — 2,116 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total 10.0 9.5 3.9 37 0.07 0.14 5.9 6.0 0.13 1.5 1.6 67 8,886 8,953 7.3 0.33 21 9,256 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 14 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Mobile 3.4 3.0 3.1 24 0.06 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 — 6,014 6,014 0.40 0.32 0.50 6,120 Area 5.4 5.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,106 2,106 0.23 0.01 — 2,116 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total 8.9 8.5 4.2 25 0.07 0.13 5.9 6.0 0.13 1.5 1.6 67 8,168 8,235 7.4 0.36 2.2 8,527 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.3 3.0 2.8 24 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.7 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 6,069 6,069 0.37 0.30 8.1 6,175 Area 5.7 5.7 0.03 3.3 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 8.9 8.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 8.9 Energy 0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,106 2,106 0.23 0.01 — 2,116 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total 9.2 8.8 4.0 28 0.07 0.14 5.7 5.8 0.13 1.4 1.6 67 8,232 8,299 7.3 0.34 9.8 8,592 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.61 0.55 0.51 4.4 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 — 1,005 1,005 0.06 0.05 1.3 1,022 Area 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.61 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 1.5 1.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.5 Energy 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 349 349 0.04 < 0.005 — 350 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 8.0 9.5 0.16 < 0.005 — 15 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 9.6 0.00 9.6 0.95 0.00 — 33 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.28 0.28
Total 1.7 1.6 0.72 5.1 0.01 0.02 1.0 1.1 0.02 0.26 0.29 11 1,363 1,374 1.2 0.06 1.6 1,422

3. Construction Emissions Details
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 15 / 65

3.7 3.1 29 29 0.05 1.2 — 1.2 1.1 — 1.1 — 5,298 5,298 0.21 0.04 — 5,316 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 20 20 — 10 10 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 16 / 65

7.2 — < 0.005 < 0.005 7.2 7.2 — < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 0.04 < 0.005 0.01 Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.03 0.03 — 0.02 0.02 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 203 203 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 205 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.7 1.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.8 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.29 0.29 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.29 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.2. Site Preparation (2026) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 17 / 65
Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.7 3.1 29 29 0.05 1.2 — 1.2 1.1 — 1.1 — 5,298 5,298 0.21 0.04 — 5,316 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 20 20 — 10 10 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.01 < 0.005 0.04 0.04 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 7.2 7.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 7.2 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 18 / 65
— — — — — — — 0.02 0.02 — 0.03 0.03 — — — — — — Dust
From
Material
Movement
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 203 203 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 205 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.7 1.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.8 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.29 0.29 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.29 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.3. Grading (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 19 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.6 3.0 27 28 0.06 1.1 — 1.1 1.0 — 1.0 — 6,599 6,599 0.27 0.05 — 6,621 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 9.2 9.2 — 3.7 3.7 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.02 0.14 0.14 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 30 30 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 30 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.05 0.05 — 0.02 0.02 — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 20 / 65

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Onsite truck
Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 232 232 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 235 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.6 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.1 1.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.1 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.6 3.0 27 28 0.06 1.1 — 1.1 1.0 — 1.0 — 6,599 6,599 0.27 0.05 — 6,621 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 9.2 9.2 — 3.7 3.7 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 22 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Worker 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 232 232 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 235 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.6 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.1 1.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.1 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.3 1.1 9.9 13 0.02 0.38 — 0.38 0.35 — 0.35 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 23 / 65
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.15 0.12 1.1 1.5 < 0.005 0.04 — 0.04 0.04 — 0.04 — 277 277 0.01 < 0.005 — 278 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.03 0.02 0.21 0.27 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 46 46 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 46 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.19 0.16 0.20 2.0 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.52 0.00 0.12 0.12 — 496 496 0.01 0.02 0.05 502 Vendor 0.02 0.01 0.49 0.15 < 0.005 0.01 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.04 — 410 410 < 0.005 0.06 0.03 427 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 59 59 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.09 60 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.06 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 47 47 < 0.005 0.01 0.05 49 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 9.9 9.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 10.0 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 7.8 7.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 8.2 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 24 / 65

3.6. Building Construction (2026) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.3 1.1 9.9 13 0.02 0.38 — 0.38 0.35 — 0.35 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.15 0.12 1.1 1.5 < 0.005 0.04 — 0.04 0.04 — 0.04 — 277 277 0.01 < 0.005 — 278 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.03 0.02 0.21 0.27 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 46 46 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 46 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 25 / 65
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.19 0.16 0.20 2.0 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.52 0.00 0.12 0.12 — 496 496 0.01 0.02 0.05 502 Vendor 0.02 0.01 0.49 0.15 < 0.005 0.01 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.04 — 410 410 < 0.005 0.06 0.03 427 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 59 59 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.09 60 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.06 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 47 47 < 0.005 0.01 0.05 49 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 9.9 9.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 10.0 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 7.8 7.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 8.2 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.7. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.2 1.0 9.4 13 0.02 0.34 — 0.34 0.31 — 0.31 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 26 / 65
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.20 0.17 1.5 2.1 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.05 — 0.05 — 394 394 0.02 < 0.005 — 395 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.04 0.03 0.28 0.39 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 65 65 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 65 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.16 0.16 0.18 1.9 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.52 0.00 0.12 0.12 — 486 486 0.01 0.02 0.04 492 Vendor 0.02 0.01 0.47 0.15 < 0.005 0.01 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.04 — 400 400 < 0.005 0.06 0.02 418 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.09 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 83 83 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.12 84 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.08 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 66 66 < 0.005 0.01 0.07 69 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 14 14 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 14 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 11 11 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 11 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 27 / 65

3.8. Building Construction (2027) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.2 1.0 9.4 13 0.02 0.34 — 0.34 0.31 — 0.31 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.20 0.17 1.5 2.1 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.05 — 0.05 — 394 394 0.02 < 0.005 — 395 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.04 0.03 0.28 0.39 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 65 65 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 65 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 28 / 65
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.16 0.16 0.18 1.9 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.52 0.00 0.12 0.12 — 486 486 0.01 0.02 0.04 492 Vendor 0.02 0.01 0.47 0.15 < 0.005 0.01 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.04 — 400 400 < 0.005 0.06 0.02 418 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.09 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 83 83 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.12 84 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.08 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 66 66 < 0.005 0.01 0.07 69 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 14 14 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 14 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 11 11 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 11 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.9. Paving (2027) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 29 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.01 0.13 0.19 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 194 194 < 0.005 0.01 0.59 197 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 30 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Worker 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 170 170 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 172 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.4 3.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 3.4 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.56 0.56 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.57 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.10. Paving (2027) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 31 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.01 0.13 0.19 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 194 194 < 0.005 0.01 0.59 197 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 32 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Worker 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 170 170 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 172 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.4 3.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 3.4 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.56 0.56 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.57 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.11. Architectural Coating (2027) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.14 0.11 0.83 1.1 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
207 207 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 33 / 65

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Onsite truck
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 2.6 2.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 2.6 Architect
ural
Coating
s

4.0 4.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.73 0.73 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 111 111 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.33 112 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 34 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.9 1.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.0 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.32 0.32 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.32 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.12. Architectural Coating (2027) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.14 0.11 0.83 1.1 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
207 207 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 35 / 65
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 2.6 2.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 2.6 Architect
ural
Coating
s

4.0 4.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.73 0.73 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 111 111 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.33 112 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.9 1.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.0 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 36 / 65
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.32 0.32 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.32 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

3.8 3.5 2.6 30 0.07 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 — 6,715 6,715 0.35 0.29 19 6,830 Total 3.8 3.5 2.6 30 0.07 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 — 6,715 6,715 0.35 0.29 19 6,830 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

3.4 3.0 3.1 24 0.06 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 — 6,014 6,014 0.40 0.32 0.50 6,120 Total 3.4 3.0 3.1 24 0.06 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 — 6,014 6,014 0.40 0.32 0.50 6,120 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 37 / 65
1,022 1.3 0.05 0.06 1,005 1,005 — 0.27 0.26 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.01 4.4 0.51 0.55 0.61 Single Family
Housing
Total 0.61 0.55 0.51 4.4 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 — 1,005 1,005 0.06 0.05 1.3 1,022

4.1.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.61 0.55 0.51 4.4 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 — 1,005 1,005 0.06 0.05 1.3 1,022 Total 0.61 0.55 0.51 4.4 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 — 1,005 1,005 0.06 0.05 1.3 1,022

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 38 / 65
Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 622 622 0.10 0.01 — 628
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 622 622 0.10 0.01 — 628
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 622 622 0.10 0.01 — 628
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 622 622 0.10 0.01 — 628
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 103 103 0.02 < 0.005 — 104
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 103 103 0.02 < 0.005 — 104

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 622 622 0.10 0.01 — 628
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 622 622 0.10 0.01 — 628
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 39 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 622 622 0.10 0.01 — 628
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 622 622 0.10 0.01 — 628
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 103 103 0.02 < 0.005 — 104
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 103 103 0.02 < 0.005 — 104

0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,484 1,484 0.13 < 0.005 — 1,488 Total 0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,484 1,484 0.13 < 0.005 — 1,488 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,484 1,484 0.13 < 0.005 — 1,488 Total 0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 1,484 1,484 0.13 < 0.005 — 1,488 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 40 / 65
246 — < 0.005 0.02 246 246 — 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 < 0.005 0.09 0.21 0.01 0.02 Single Family
Housing
Total 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 246 246 0.02 < 0.005 — 246

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 246 246 0.02 < 0.005 — 246 Total 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 246 246 0.02 < 0.005 — 246

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

4.3.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 41 / 65
Source TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

5.0 5.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.40 0.40 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

0.63 0.59 0.06 6.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Total 6.0 6.0 0.06 6.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

5.0 5.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.40 0.40 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total 5.4 5.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 42 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.91 0.91 Consum
er
Product
s
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.07 0.07 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

0.06 0.05 0.01 0.61 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 1.5 1.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.5 Total 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.61 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 1.5 1.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.5

5.0 5.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.40 0.40 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

0.63 0.59 0.06 6.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Total 6.0 6.0 0.06 6.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 43 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

5.0 5.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.91 0.91 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.07 0.07 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 44 / 65
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 8.0 9.5 0.16 < 0.005 — 15
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 8.0 9.5 0.16 < 0.005 — 15

4.4.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 45 / 65
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 8.0 9.5 0.16 < 0.005 — 15
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 8.0 9.5 0.16 < 0.005 — 15

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.6 0.00 9.6 0.95 0.00 — 33
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 46 / 65
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.6 0.00 9.6 0.95 0.00 — 33

4.5.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.6 0.00 9.6 0.95 0.00 — 33
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.6 0.00 9.6 0.95 0.00 — 33

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 47 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.28 0.28
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.28 0.28

4.6.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.28 0.28
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.28 0.28

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 49 / 65
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 50 / 65
CO2e R N2O CH4 CO2T NBCO2 BCO2 PM2.5T PM2.5D PM2.5E PM10T PM10D PM10E SO2 CO NOx ROG TOG Equipm ent
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.2. Mitigated
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Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Vegetati
on
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

5. Activity Data
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5.1. Construction Schedule
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date Days Per Week Work Days per Phase Phase Description Site Preparation Site Preparation 10/15/2026 10/19/2026 5.0 3.0 — Grading Grading 10/20/2026 11/2/2026 5.0 10.0 —
Building Construction Building Construction 11/3/2026 3/25/2027 5.0 103 — Paving Paving 3/26/2027 4/5/2027 5.0 7.0 —
Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 4/6/2027 4/14/2027 5.0 7.0 —

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 4.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 367 0.40 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 82 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 14 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.0 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 46 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 3.0 7.0 84 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 81 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 89 0.36
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Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.0 37 0.48

5.2.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 4.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 367 0.40 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 82 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 14 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.0 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 46 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 3.0 7.0 84 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 81 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 89 0.36
Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.0 37 0.48

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 58 / 65
Site Preparation Worker 18 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading Worker 20 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction Worker 43 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 13 11 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving Worker 15 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating Worker 8.6 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT

5.3.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation Worker 18 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading Worker 20 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
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Grading Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction Worker 43 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 13 11 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving Worker 15 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating Worker 8.6 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT

5.4. Vehicles

5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities
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Phase Name Material Imported (cy) Material Exported (cy) Acres Graded (acres) Material Demolished (sq. ft.) Acres Paved (acres) Site Preparation — — 4.5 0.00 0.00
Grading — — 30 0.00 0.00
Paving 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.3

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.7. Construction Paving
Phase Name Land Use Area Paved (acres) % Asphalt
Paving Single Family Housing 1.3 0%

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors kWh per Y ear and Emission Factor (lb/MWh)
Y ear kWh per Y ear CO2 CH4 N2O
2026 0.00 204 0.03 < 0.005
2027 0.00 204 0.03 < 0.005

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Y ear VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Y ear Single Family
Housing
1,123 1,135 1,017 405,124 8,280 8,368 7,500 2,986,226

5.9.2. Mitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Y ear VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Y ear VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 61 / 65
2,986,226 7,500 8,368 8,280 405,124 1,017 1,135 1,123 Single Family Housing

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths
Land Use Hearth Type Unmitigated (number) Mitigated (number) Single Family Housing Wood Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing Gas Fireplaces 119 119
Single Family Housing Propane Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing Electric Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing No Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing Conventional Wood Stoves 0 0
Single Family Housing Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 0
Single Family Housing Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 0
Single Family Housing Pellet Wood Stoves 0 0

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated
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Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption

5.12.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 4,825,194 27,784,655

5.12.2. Mitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 4,825,194 27,784,655

5.13. Operational Waste Generation
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5.13.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 107 0.00

5.13.2. Mitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 107 0.00

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment
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5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres
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5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

5.18.2.2. Mitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

8. User Changes to Default Data

8.1. Justifications
Screen Justification
Land Use Updated lot acreage based on total site size and number of dwelling units per phase.

Construction: Construction Phases Updated construction schedule per applicant provided data.

Operations: Fleet Mix SJVAPCD Residential Fleet Mix for 2027 Operations: Hearths Assuming all units may have a gas fireplace. Wood stoves not allowed per SJVAPCD Rule 4901.

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VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report
Table of Contents

1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information

1.2. Land Use Types

1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector

2. Emissions Summary

2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated

2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.1. Site Preparation (2026) - Unmitigated

3.2. Site Preparation (2026) - Mitigated

3.3. Grading (2026) - Unmitigated
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3.4. Grading (2026) - Mitigated

3.5. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated

3.6. Building Construction (2026) - Mitigated

3.7. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated

3.8. Building Construction (2027) - Mitigated

3.9. Paving (2027) - Unmitigated

3.10. Paving (2027) - Mitigated

3.11. Architectural Coating (2027) - Unmitigated

3.12. Architectural Coating (2027) - Mitigated

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

4.1.1. Unmitigated

4.1.2. Mitigated

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated

4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
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4.3. Area Emissions by Source

4.3.1. Unmitigated

4.3.2. Mitigated

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated

4.4.2. Mitigated

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated

4.5.2. Mitigated

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated

4.6.2. Mitigated

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated

4.7.2. Mitigated

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated

4.8.2. Mitigated
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4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.1. Unmitigated

4.9.2. Mitigated

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated

4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated

5. Activity Data

5.1. Construction Schedule

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated

5.2.2. Mitigated

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated

5.3.2. Mitigated
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5.4. Vehicles

5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies

5.5. Architectural Coatings

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies

5.7. Construction Paving

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.1. Unmitigated

5.9.2. Mitigated

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths

5.10.2. Architectural Coatings

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.1. Unmitigated
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5.11.2. Mitigated

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption

5.12.1. Unmitigated

5.12.2. Mitigated

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated

5.13.2. Mitigated

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.14.1. Unmitigated

5.14.2. Mitigated

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation
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5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated

5.18.2.2. Mitigated

8. User Changes to Default Data

8.1. Justifications
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1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information
Data Field Value
Project Name VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated
Construction Start Date 10/15/2026
Operational Y ear 2027
Lead Agency —
Land Use Scale Project/site
Analysis Level for Defaults County
Windspeed (m/s) 2.7
Precipitation (days) 18
Location 35.41784838385129, -119.16546061203499
County Kern-San Joaquin
City Bakersfield
Air District San Joaquin Valley APCD
Air Basin San Joaquin Valley
TAZ 2889
EDFZ 5
Electric Utility Pacific Gas & Electric Company
Gas Utility Southern California Gas
App Version 2022.1.1.35

1.2. Land Use Types
Land Use Subtype Size Unit Lot Acreage Building Area (sq ft) Landscape Area (sq ft)
Special Landscape
Area (sq ft)
Population Description
Single Family
Housing
119 Dwelling Unit 15 232,050 1,393,830 — 383 —
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2. Emissions Summary

2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 208 208 7.0 11 0.01 0.30 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.04 0.32 — 1,705 1,705 0.06 0.02 0.59 1,713 Mit. 208 208 7.0 11 0.01 0.30 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.04 0.32 — 1,705 1,705 0.06 0.02 0.59 1,713 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 3.8 3.2 29 30 0.06 1.2 20 21 1.1 10 11 — 6,830 6,830 0.27 0.10 0.08 6,856 Mit. 3.8 3.2 29 30 0.06 1.2 5.3 6.6 1.1 2.7 3.8 — 6,830 6,830 0.27 0.10 0.08 6,856 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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%
Reduced
— — — — — — 73% 69% — 74% 66% — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 4.2 4.2 2.2 2.8 0.01 0.09 0.49 0.58 0.08 0.20 0.28 — 616 616 0.02 0.02 0.19 621 Mit. 4.2 4.2 2.2 2.8 0.01 0.09 0.19 0.27 0.08 0.07 0.15 — 616 616 0.02 0.02 0.19 621 %
Reduced
— — — — — — 62% 53% — 67% 48% — — — — — — —
Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 0.77 0.77 0.40 0.51 < 0.005 0.02 0.09 0.11 0.01 0.04 0.05 — 102 102 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 103 Mit. 0.77 0.77 0.40 0.51 < 0.005 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.03 — 102 102 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 103 %
Reduced
— — — — — — 62% 53% — 67% 48% — — — — — — —

2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily -
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 208 208 7.0 11 0.01 0.30 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.04 0.32 — 1,705 1,705 0.06 0.02 0.59 1,713 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 3.8 3.2 29 30 0.06 1.2 20 21 1.1 10 11 — 6,830 6,830 0.27 0.10 0.08 6,856 2027 1.4 1.2 10 15 0.03 0.34 0.64 0.98 0.32 0.15 0.47 — 3,284 3,284 0.11 0.10 0.07 3,316 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 0.30 0.26 2.2 2.8 0.01 0.09 0.49 0.58 0.08 0.20 0.28 — 616 616 0.02 0.01 0.16 621 2027 4.2 4.2 1.8 2.7 < 0.005 0.06 0.11 0.17 0.06 0.03 0.08 — 580 580 0.02 0.02 0.19 585 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 0.06 0.05 0.40 0.51 < 0.005 0.02 0.09 0.11 0.01 0.04 0.05 — 102 102 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 103 2027 0.77 0.77 0.33 0.50 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.01 < 0.005 0.02 — 96 96 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 97

2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily -
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 208 208 7.0 11 0.01 0.30 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.04 0.32 — 1,705 1,705 0.06 0.02 0.59 1,713 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 3.8 3.2 29 30 0.06 1.2 5.3 6.6 1.1 2.7 3.8 — 6,830 6,830 0.27 0.10 0.08 6,856 2027 1.4 1.2 10 15 0.03 0.34 0.64 0.98 0.32 0.15 0.47 — 3,284 3,284 0.11 0.10 0.07 3,316 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 0.30 0.26 2.2 2.8 0.01 0.09 0.19 0.27 0.08 0.07 0.15 — 616 616 0.02 0.01 0.16 621 2027 4.2 4.2 1.8 2.7 < 0.005 0.06 0.11 0.17 0.06 0.03 0.08 — 580 580 0.02 0.02 0.19 585 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2026 0.06 0.05 0.40 0.51 < 0.005 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.03 — 102 102 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 103 2027 0.77 0.77 0.33 0.50 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.01 < 0.005 0.02 — 96 96 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 97

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Unmit. 10.0 9.5 3.9 37 0.07 0.14 5.9 6.0 0.13 1.5 1.6 67 8,886 8,953 7.3 0.33 21 9,256 Mit. 9.8 9.5 2.7 37 0.07 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 67 6,958 7,025 7.1 0.32 21 7,319 %
Reduced
1% 1% 30% 1% 10% 69% — 2% 70% — 6% — 22% 22% 3% 3% — 21% Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 8.9 8.5 4.2 25 0.07 0.13 5.9 6.0 0.13 1.5 1.6 67 8,168 8,235 7.4 0.36 2.2 8,527 Mit. 8.7 8.4 3.1 24 0.06 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 67 6,240 6,307 7.1 0.34 2.2 6,591 %
Reduced
2% 1% 28% 2% 11% 70% — 2% 72% — 6% — 24% 23% 3% 3% — 23% Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 9.2 8.8 4.0 28 0.07 0.14 5.7 5.8 0.13 1.4 1.6 67 8,232 8,299 7.3 0.34 9.8 8,592 Mit. 9.0 8.7 2.8 28 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.7 0.04 1.4 1.5 67 6,304 6,371 7.1 0.32 9.8 6,655 %
Reduced
1% 1% 29% 2% 11% 70% — 2% 71% — 6% — 23% 23% 3% 3% — 23% Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 1.7 1.6 0.72 5.1 0.01 0.02 1.0 1.1 0.02 0.26 0.29 11 1,363 1,374 1.2 0.06 1.6 1,422 Mit. 1.6 1.6 0.51 5.0 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 11 1,044 1,055 1.2 0.05 1.6 1,102 %
Reduced
1% 1% 29% 2% 11% 70% — 2% 71% — 6% — 23% 23% 3% 3% — 23%

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.8 3.5 2.6 30 0.07 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 — 6,715 6,715 0.35 0.29 19 6,830 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Area 6.0 6.0 0.06 6.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Energy 0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,106 2,106 0.23 0.01 — 2,116 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total 10.0 9.5 3.9 37 0.07 0.14 5.9 6.0 0.13 1.5 1.6 67 8,886 8,953 7.3 0.33 21 9,256 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.4 3.0 3.1 24 0.06 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 — 6,014 6,014 0.40 0.32 0.50 6,120 Area 5.4 5.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,106 2,106 0.23 0.01 — 2,116 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total 8.9 8.5 4.2 25 0.07 0.13 5.9 6.0 0.13 1.5 1.6 67 8,168 8,235 7.4 0.36 2.2 8,527 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.3 3.0 2.8 24 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.7 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 6,069 6,069 0.37 0.30 8.1 6,175 Area 5.7 5.7 0.03 3.3 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 8.9 8.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 8.9 Energy 0.14 0.07 1.2 0.50 0.01 0.09 — 0.09 0.09 — 0.09 — 2,106 2,106 0.23 0.01 — 2,116 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total 9.2 8.8 4.0 28 0.07 0.14 5.7 5.8 0.13 1.4 1.6 67 8,232 8,299 7.3 0.34 9.8 8,592 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.61 0.55 0.51 4.4 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 — 1,005 1,005 0.06 0.05 1.3 1,022 Area 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.61 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 1.5 1.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.5 Energy 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 349 349 0.04 < 0.005 — 350 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 8.0 9.5 0.16 < 0.005 — 15 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 9.6 0.00 9.6 0.95 0.00 — 33 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.28 0.28
Total 1.7 1.6 0.72 5.1 0.01 0.02 1.0 1.1 0.02 0.26 0.29 11 1,363 1,374 1.2 0.06 1.6 1,422

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.8 3.5 2.6 30 0.07 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 — 6,715 6,715 0.35 0.29 19 6,830 Area 6.0 6.0 0.06 6.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 177 177 0.03 < 0.005 — 179 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total 9.8 9.5 2.7 37 0.07 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 67 6,958 7,025 7.1 0.32 21 7,319 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.4 3.0 3.1 24 0.06 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 — 6,014 6,014 0.40 0.32 0.50 6,120 Area 5.4 5.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 177 177 0.03 < 0.005 — 179 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total 8.7 8.4 3.1 24 0.06 0.04 5.9 5.9 0.04 1.5 1.5 67 6,240 6,307 7.1 0.34 2.2 6,591 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Mobile 3.3 3.0 2.8 24 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.7 0.04 1.4 1.5 — 6,069 6,069 0.37 0.30 8.1 6,175 Area 5.7 5.7 0.03 3.3 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 8.9 8.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 8.9 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 177 177 0.03 < 0.005 — 179 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total 9.0 8.7 2.8 28 0.06 0.04 5.7 5.7 0.04 1.4 1.5 67 6,304 6,371 7.1 0.32 9.8 6,655 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.61 0.55 0.51 4.4 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 — 1,005 1,005 0.06 0.05 1.3 1,022 Area 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.61 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 1.5 1.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.5 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 30 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 8.0 9.5 0.16 < 0.005 — 15 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 9.6 0.00 9.6 0.95 0.00 — 33 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.28 0.28
Total 1.6 1.6 0.51 5.0 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 11 1,044 1,055 1.2 0.05 1.6 1,102

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.1. Site Preparation (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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5,316 — 0.04 0.21 5,298 5,298 — 1.1 — 1.1 1.2 — 1.2 0.05 29 29 3.1 3.7 Off-Roa d
Equipm
Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 20 20 — 10 10 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Worker 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 203 203 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 205 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.7 1.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.8 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.29 0.29 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.29 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.2. Site Preparation (2026) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.7 3.1 29 29 0.05 1.2 — 1.2 1.1 — 1.1 — 5,298 5,298 0.21 0.04 — 5,316 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — 2.6 2.6 — 5.1 5.1 — — — — — — Dust
From
Material
Movement
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.03 0.03 0.24 0.24 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 44 44 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 44 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.04 0.04 — 0.02 0.02 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 203 203 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 205 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.7 1.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.8 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.29 0.29 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.29 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.6 3.0 27 28 0.06 1.1 — 1.1 1.0 — 1.0 — 6,599 6,599 0.27 0.05 — 6,621 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 9.2 9.2 — 3.7 3.7 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 232 232 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 235 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.6 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.7 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.1 1.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.1 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.6 3.0 27 28 0.06 1.1 — 1.1 1.0 — 1.0 — 6,599 6,599 0.27 0.05 — 6,621 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 2.4 2.4 — 0.95 0.95 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.10 0.08 0.75 0.76 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 181 181 0.01 < 0.005 — 181 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — 0.03 0.03 — 0.07 0.07 — — — — — — Dust
From
Material
Movement
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.02 0.14 0.14 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 30 30 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 30 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.01 0.01 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 232 232 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 235 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.6 6.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.1 1.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.1 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.3 1.1 9.9 13 0.02 0.38 — 0.38 0.35 — 0.35 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.15 0.12 1.1 1.5 < 0.005 0.04 — 0.04 0.04 — 0.04 — 277 277 0.01 < 0.005 — 278 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.03 0.02 0.21 0.27 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 46 46 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 46 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.19 0.16 0.20 2.0 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.52 0.00 0.12 0.12 — 496 496 0.01 0.02 0.05 502 Vendor 0.02 0.01 0.49 0.15 < 0.005 0.01 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.04 — 410 410 < 0.005 0.06 0.03 427 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 59 59 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.09 60 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.06 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 47 47 < 0.005 0.01 0.05 49 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 9.9 9.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 10.0 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 7.8 7.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 8.2 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.6. Building Construction (2026) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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2,405 — 0.02 0.10 2,397 2,397 — 0.35 — 0.35 0.38 — 0.38 0.02 13 9.9 1.1 1.3 Off-Roa d
Equipm
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.15 0.12 1.1 1.5 < 0.005 0.04 — 0.04 0.04 — 0.04 — 277 277 0.01 < 0.005 — 278 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.03 0.02 0.21 0.27 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 46 46 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 46 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.19 0.16 0.20 2.0 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.52 0.00 0.12 0.12 — 496 496 0.01 0.02 0.05 502 Vendor 0.02 0.01 0.49 0.15 < 0.005 0.01 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.04 — 410 410 < 0.005 0.06 0.03 427 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 59 59 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.09 60 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.06 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 47 47 < 0.005 0.01 0.05 49 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 9.9 9.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 10.0 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 7.8 7.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 8.2 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.2 1.0 9.4 13 0.02 0.34 — 0.34 0.31 — 0.31 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.20 0.17 1.5 2.1 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.05 — 0.05 — 394 394 0.02 < 0.005 — 395 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.04 0.03 0.28 0.39 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 65 65 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 65 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.16 0.16 0.18 1.9 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.52 0.00 0.12 0.12 — 486 486 0.01 0.02 0.04 492 Vendor 0.02 0.01 0.47 0.15 < 0.005 0.01 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.04 — 400 400 < 0.005 0.06 0.02 418 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.09 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 83 83 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.12 84 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.08 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 66 66 < 0.005 0.01 0.07 69 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 14 14 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 14 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 11 11 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 11 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.2 1.0 9.4 13 0.02 0.34 — 0.34 0.31 — 0.31 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.20 0.17 1.5 2.1 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.05 — 0.05 — 394 394 0.02 < 0.005 — 395 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.04 0.03 0.28 0.39 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 65 65 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 65 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.16 0.16 0.18 1.9 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.52 0.00 0.12 0.12 — 486 486 0.01 0.02 0.04 492 Vendor 0.02 0.01 0.47 0.15 < 0.005 0.01 0.11 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.04 — 400 400 < 0.005 0.06 0.02 418 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.09 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 83 83 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.12 84 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.08 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 66 66 < 0.005 0.01 0.07 69 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 14 14 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 14 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 11 11 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 11 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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29 — < 0.005 < 0.005 29 29 — 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 < 0.005 0.19 0.13 0.01 0.02 Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 194 194 < 0.005 0.01 0.59 197 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 170 170 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 172 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.4 3.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 3.4 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.56 0.56 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.57 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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29 — < 0.005 < 0.005 29 29 — 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 < 0.005 0.19 0.13 0.01 0.02 Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 194 194 < 0.005 0.01 0.59 197 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 170 170 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 172 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.4 3.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 3.4 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.56 0.56 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.57 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.14 0.11 0.83 1.1 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
207 207 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 2.6 2.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 2.6 Architect
ural
Coating
s

4.0 4.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Onsite
truck

0.73 0.73 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 111 111 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.33 112 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.9 1.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.0 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.32 0.32 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.32 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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0.14 0.11 0.83 1.1 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
207 207 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

4.0 4.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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0.43 — < 0.005 < 0.005 0.42 0.42 — < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.73 0.73 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 111 111 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.33 112 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.9 1.9 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.0 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.32 0.32 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.32 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

4. Operations Emissions Details
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4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

0.61 0.55 0.51 4.4 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 — 1,005 1,005 0.06 0.05 1.3 1,022 Total 0.61 0.55 0.51 4.4 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 — 1,005 1,005 0.06 0.05 1.3 1,022

4.1.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Single
Family
Housing

0.61 0.55 0.51 4.4 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 — 1,005 1,005 0.06 0.05 1.3 1,022 Total 0.61 0.55 0.51 4.4 0.01 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.01 0.26 0.27 — 1,005 1,005 0.06 0.05 1.3 1,022

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 622 622 0.10 0.01 — 628
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 622 622 0.10 0.01 — 628
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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628 — 0.01 0.10 622 622 — — — — — — — — — — — — Single
Family
Housing
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 622 622 0.10 0.01 — 628
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 103 103 0.02 < 0.005 — 104
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 103 103 0.02 < 0.005 — 104

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 177 177 0.03 < 0.005 — 179
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 177 177 0.03 < 0.005 — 179 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 177 177 0.03 < 0.005 — 179
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 177 177 0.03 < 0.005 — 179 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 30
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 30 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 246 246 0.02 < 0.005 — 246 Total 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.09 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 246 246 0.02 < 0.005 — 246

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

5.0 5.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.40 0.40 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

0.63 0.59 0.06 6.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Total 6.0 6.0 0.06 6.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 18 18 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 18 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

5.0 5.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.91 0.91 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.07 0.07 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

4.3.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Source TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

5.0 5.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.40 0.40 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

5.0 5.0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.91 0.91 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.07 0.07 Architect
ural
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 8.0 9.5 0.16 < 0.005 — 15
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 8.0 9.5 0.16 < 0.005 — 15 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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4.4.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.2 48 57 0.96 0.02 — 88
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 8.0 9.5 0.16 < 0.005 — 15
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.5 8.0 9.5 0.16 < 0.005 — 15

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.6 0.00 9.6 0.95 0.00 — 33
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.6 0.00 9.6 0.95 0.00 — 33

4.5.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
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Total — — — — — — — — — — — 58 0.00 58 5.8 0.00 — 202
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 9.6 0.00 9.6 0.95 0.00 — 33
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 9.6 0.00 9.6 0.95 0.00 — 33

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.28 0.28
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.28 0.28
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4.6.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.7 1.7
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.28 0.28
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.28 0.28

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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CO2e R N2O CH4 CO2T NBCO2 BCO2 PM2.5T PM2.5D PM2.5E PM10T PM10D PM10E SO2 CO NOx ROG TOG Equipm ent
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.1. Unmitigated
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Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type
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4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Remove — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

5. Activity Data

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

0.37 84 8.0 2.0 Average Diesel Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back hoes
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 367 0.40 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 82 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 14 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.0 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 46 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 3.0 7.0 84 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 81 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 89 0.36
Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.0 37 0.48

5.2.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 4.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 367 0.40 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 82 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 14 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.0 367 0.29 VTTM 7451 - Phase 2 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 46 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 3.0 7.0 84 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 81 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 89 0.36
Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.0 37 0.48

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation Worker 18 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading Worker 20 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction Worker 43 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 13 11 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving Worker 15 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating Worker 8.6 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
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Architectural Coating Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT

5.3.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation Worker 18 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading Worker 20 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction Worker 43 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 13 11 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving Worker 15 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating Worker 8.6 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT
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5.4. Vehicles

5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.7. Construction Paving
Phase Name Land Use Area Paved (acres) % Asphalt
Paving Single Family Housing 1.3 0%

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors kWh per Y ear and Emission Factor (lb/MWh)
Y ear kWh per Y ear CO2 CH4 N2O
2026 0.00 204 0.03 < 0.005
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2027 0.00 204 0.03 < 0.005

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.2. Mitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Y ear VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Y ear Single Family
Housing
1,123 1,135 1,017 405,124 8,280 8,368 7,500 2,986,226

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.2. Mitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Single Family Housing 317,347 204 0.0330 0.0040 0.00
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5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption

5.12.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 4,825,194 27,784,655

5.12.2. Mitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 4,825,194 27,784,655

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 107 0.00

5.13.2. Mitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 107 0.00

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

1.00 0.00 0.60 0.12 1,430 R-134a Single Family Housing Household refrigerators and/or
freezers

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
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5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

5.18.2.2. Mitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

8. User Changes to Default Data

8.1. Justifications
Screen Justification
Land Use Updated lot acreage based on total site size and number of dwelling units per phase.

Construction: Construction Phases Updated construction schedule per applicant provided data.

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Operations: Hearths Project design measure - project will not have any natural gas plumbing or fireplaces.

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VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report
Table of Contents

1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information

1.2. Land Use Types

1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector

2. Emissions Summary

2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated

2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.1. Site Preparation (2027) - Unmitigated

3.2. Site Preparation (2027) - Mitigated

3.3. Grading (2027) - Unmitigated
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3.4. Grading (2027) - Mitigated

3.5. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated

3.6. Building Construction (2027) - Mitigated

3.7. Paving (2027) - Unmitigated

3.8. Paving (2027) - Mitigated

3.9. Architectural Coating (2027) - Unmitigated

3.10. Architectural Coating (2027) - Mitigated

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

4.1.1. Unmitigated

4.1.2. Mitigated

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated

4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

4.3.1. Unmitigated
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4.3.2. Mitigated

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated

4.4.2. Mitigated

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated

4.5.2. Mitigated

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated

4.6.2. Mitigated

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated

4.7.2. Mitigated

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated

4.8.2. Mitigated

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.1. Unmitigated
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4.9.2. Mitigated

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated

4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated

5. Activity Data

5.1. Construction Schedule

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated

5.2.2. Mitigated

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated

5.3.2. Mitigated

5.4. Vehicles

5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
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5.5. Architectural Coatings

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies

5.7. Construction Paving

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.1. Unmitigated

5.9.2. Mitigated

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths

5.10.2. Architectural Coatings

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.1. Unmitigated

5.11.2. Mitigated

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption
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5.12.1. Unmitigated

5.12.2. Mitigated

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated

5.13.2. Mitigated

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.14.1. Unmitigated

5.14.2. Mitigated

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
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5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated

5.18.2.2. Mitigated

8. User Changes to Default Data

8.1. Justifications
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1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information
Data Field Value
Project Name VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated
Construction Start Date 4/15/2027
Operational Y ear 2027
Lead Agency —
Land Use Scale Project/site
Analysis Level for Defaults County
Windspeed (m/s) 2.7
Precipitation (days) 18
Location 35.41860843171821, -119.16563924528965
County Kern-San Joaquin
City Bakersfield
Air District San Joaquin Valley APCD
Air Basin San Joaquin Valley
TAZ 2889
EDFZ 5
Electric Utility Pacific Gas & Electric Company
Gas Utility Southern California Gas
App Version 2022.1.1.35

1.2. Land Use Types
Land Use Subtype Size Unit Lot Acreage Building Area (sq ft) Landscape Area (sq ft)
Special Landscape
Area (sq ft)
Population Description
Single Family
Housing
78 Dwelling Unit 10.0 152,100 913,603 — 251 —
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City Park 0.72 Acre 0.72 0.00 31,363 0.00 — —

2. Emissions Summary

2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 10 / 65
Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily -
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 3.7 3.1 28 29 0.06 1.2 20 21 1.1 10 11 — 6,857 6,857 0.27 0.07 1.7 6,883 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 136 136 7.0 11 0.01 0.30 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.04 0.32 — 1,681 1,681 0.06 0.02 0.02 1,689 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 3.1 3.1 3.9 5.3 0.01 0.14 0.54 0.69 0.13 0.21 0.34 — 1,121 1,121 0.04 0.02 0.23 1,129 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 0.57 0.56 0.71 0.97 < 0.005 0.03 0.10 0.13 0.02 0.04 0.06 — 186 186 0.01 < 0.005 0.04 187

2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily -
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 3.7 3.1 28 29 0.06 1.2 20 21 1.1 10 11 — 6,857 6,857 0.27 0.07 1.7 6,883 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 136 136 7.0 11 0.01 0.30 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.04 0.32 — 1,681 1,681 0.06 0.02 0.02 1,689 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 3.1 3.1 3.9 5.3 0.01 0.14 0.54 0.69 0.13 0.21 0.34 — 1,121 1,121 0.04 0.02 0.23 1,129 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 0.57 0.56 0.71 0.97 < 0.005 0.03 0.10 0.13 0.02 0.04 0.06 — 186 186 0.01 < 0.005 0.04 187 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 11 / 65

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 6.6 6.3 2.5 25 0.05 0.09 3.9 3.9 0.09 0.97 1.1 44 5,837 5,881 4.8 0.22 14 6,080 Mit. 6.6 6.3 2.5 25 0.05 0.09 3.9 3.9 0.09 0.97 1.1 44 5,837 5,881 4.8 0.22 14 6,080 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 5.8 5.6 2.8 16 0.04 0.09 3.9 3.9 0.09 0.97 1.1 44 5,365 5,409 4.8 0.23 1.4 5,601 Mit. 5.8 5.6 2.8 16 0.04 0.09 3.9 3.9 0.09 0.97 1.1 44 5,365 5,409 4.8 0.23 1.4 5,601 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 6.0 5.8 2.6 18 0.04 0.09 3.7 3.8 0.09 0.94 1.0 44 5,402 5,446 4.8 0.22 6.4 5,638 Mit. 6.0 5.8 2.6 18 0.04 0.09 3.7 3.8 0.09 0.94 1.0 44 5,402 5,446 4.8 0.22 6.4 5,638 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 1.1 1.1 0.48 3.4 0.01 0.02 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.17 0.19 7.3 894 902 0.79 0.04 1.1 933 Mit. 1.1 1.1 0.48 3.4 0.01 0.02 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.17 0.19 7.3 894 902 0.79 0.04 1.1 933 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 12 / 65

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.5 2.3 1.7 20 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 4,413 4,413 0.23 0.19 13 4,489 Area 3.9 3.9 0.04 4.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 12 12 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 12 Energy 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 1,380 1,380 0.15 0.01 — 1,387 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Total 6.6 6.3 2.5 25 0.05 0.09 3.9 3.9 0.09 0.97 1.1 44 5,837 5,881 4.8 0.22 14 6,080 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.2 2.0 2.0 16 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 3,953 3,953 0.26 0.21 0.33 4,022 Area 3.5 3.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 1,380 1,380 0.15 0.01 — 1,387 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Total 5.8 5.6 2.8 16 0.04 0.09 3.9 3.9 0.09 0.97 1.1 44 5,365 5,409 4.8 0.23 1.4 5,601 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.2 2.0 1.8 16 0.04 0.03 3.7 3.7 0.02 0.94 0.96 — 3,984 3,984 0.24 0.20 5.3 4,053 Area 3.7 3.7 0.02 2.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 5.8 5.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 5.9 Energy 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 1,380 1,380 0.15 0.01 — 1,387 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 13 / 65
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Total 6.0 5.8 2.6 18 0.04 0.09 3.7 3.8 0.09 0.94 1.0 44 5,402 5,446 4.8 0.22 6.4 5,638 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.40 0.36 0.33 2.9 0.01 < 0.005 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.17 0.18 — 660 660 0.04 0.03 0.88 671 Area 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.40 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 0.97 0.97 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.97 Energy 0.02 0.01 0.14 0.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 228 228 0.03 < 0.005 — 230 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.0 5.3 6.3 0.10 < 0.005 — 9.7 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 6.3 0.00 6.3 0.63 0.00 — 22 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.18 0.18
Total 1.1 1.1 0.48 3.4 0.01 0.02 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.17 0.19 7.3 894 902 0.79 0.04 1.1 933

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.5 2.3 1.7 20 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 4,413 4,413 0.23 0.19 13 4,489 Area 3.9 3.9 0.04 4.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 12 12 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 12 Energy 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 1,380 1,380 0.15 0.01 — 1,387 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Total 6.6 6.3 2.5 25 0.05 0.09 3.9 3.9 0.09 0.97 1.1 44 5,837 5,881 4.8 0.22 14 6,080 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.2 2.0 2.0 16 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 3,953 3,953 0.26 0.21 0.33 4,022 Area 3.5 3.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 14 / 65
Energy 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 1,380 1,380 0.15 0.01 — 1,387 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Total 5.8 5.6 2.8 16 0.04 0.09 3.9 3.9 0.09 0.97 1.1 44 5,365 5,409 4.8 0.23 1.4 5,601 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.2 2.0 1.8 16 0.04 0.03 3.7 3.7 0.02 0.94 0.96 — 3,984 3,984 0.24 0.20 5.3 4,053 Area 3.7 3.7 0.02 2.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 5.8 5.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 5.9 Energy 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 1,380 1,380 0.15 0.01 — 1,387 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Total 6.0 5.8 2.6 18 0.04 0.09 3.7 3.8 0.09 0.94 1.0 44 5,402 5,446 4.8 0.22 6.4 5,638 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.40 0.36 0.33 2.9 0.01 < 0.005 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.17 0.18 — 660 660 0.04 0.03 0.88 671 Area 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.40 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 0.97 0.97 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.97 Energy 0.02 0.01 0.14 0.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 228 228 0.03 < 0.005 — 230 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.0 5.3 6.3 0.10 < 0.005 — 9.7 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 6.3 0.00 6.3 0.63 0.00 — 22 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.18 0.18
Total 1.1 1.1 0.48 3.4 0.01 0.02 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.17 0.19 7.3 894 902 0.79 0.04 1.1 933

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.1. Site Preparation (2027) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 15 / 65
Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.6 3.1 28 28 0.05 1.2 — 1.2 1.1 — 1.1 — 5,298 5,298 0.21 0.04 — 5,316 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 20 20 — 10 10 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.03 0.03 0.23 0.23 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 44 44 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 44 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.16 0.16 — 0.08 0.08 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.01 < 0.005 0.04 0.04 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 7.2 7.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 7.2 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.03 0.03 — 0.02 0.02 — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 16 / 65
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.07 0.06 1.1 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 226 226 < 0.005 0.01 0.68 229 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.7 1.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.28 0.28 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.28 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.2. Site Preparation (2027) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 17 / 65
5,316 — 0.04 0.21 5,298 5,298 — 1.1 — 1.1 1.2 — 1.2 0.05 28 28 3.1 3.6 Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 20 20 — 10 10 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 18 / 65
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.07 0.06 1.1 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 226 226 < 0.005 0.01 0.68 229 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.7 1.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.28 0.28 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.28 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.3. Grading (2027) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.5 2.9 26 27 0.06 1.0 — 1.0 0.96 — 0.96 — 6,598 6,598 0.27 0.05 — 6,621 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 19 / 65
— — — — — — — 3.7 3.7 — 9.2 9.2 — — — — — — Dust
From
Material
Movement
Onsite
truck

0.10 0.08 0.70 0.75 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 181 181 0.01 < 0.005 — 181 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.25 0.25 — 0.10 0.10 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.01 0.13 0.14 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 30 30 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 30 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.05 0.05 — 0.02 0.02 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.08 0.07 1.3 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 259 259 < 0.005 0.01 0.78 262 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 20 / 65
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.5 6.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.5 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.1 1.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.1 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.4. Grading (2027) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.5 2.9 26 27 0.06 1.0 — 1.0 0.96 — 0.96 — 6,598 6,598 0.27 0.05 — 6,621 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 9.2 9.2 — 3.7 3.7 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 21 / 65
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.08 0.07 1.3 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 259 259 < 0.005 0.01 0.78 262 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 22 / 65
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.5 6.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.5 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.1 1.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.1 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.5. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.2 1.0 9.4 13 0.02 0.34 — 0.34 0.31 — 0.31 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.35 0.29 2.7 3.7 0.01 0.10 — 0.10 0.09 — 0.09 — 683 683 0.03 0.01 — 685 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 23 / 65

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Onsite truck
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.06 0.05 0.49 0.67 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 113 113 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 113 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.12 0.11 0.09 1.8 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.34 0.00 0.08 0.08 — 363 363 < 0.005 0.01 1.1 368 Vendor 0.01 0.01 0.29 0.09 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.07 0.08 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 — 262 262 < 0.005 0.04 0.62 274 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 94 94 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.13 96 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.09 0.03 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 75 75 < 0.005 0.01 0.08 78 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 16 16 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 16 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 12 12 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 13 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.6. Building Construction (2027) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 24 / 65
Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.2 1.0 9.4 13 0.02 0.34 — 0.34 0.31 — 0.31 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.35 0.29 2.7 3.7 0.01 0.10 — 0.10 0.09 — 0.09 — 683 683 0.03 0.01 — 685 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.06 0.05 0.49 0.67 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 113 113 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 113 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.12 0.11 0.09 1.8 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.34 0.00 0.08 0.08 — 363 363 < 0.005 0.01 1.1 368 Vendor 0.01 0.01 0.29 0.09 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.07 0.08 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 — 262 262 < 0.005 0.04 0.62 274 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 25 / 65
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 94 94 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.13 96 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.09 0.03 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 75 75 < 0.005 0.01 0.08 78 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 16 16 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 16 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 12 12 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 13 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.7. Paving (2027) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 26 / 65
1,516 — 0.01 0.06 1,511 1,511 — 0.27 — 0.27 0.30 — 0.30 0.01 10.0 6.9 0.74 0.88 Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.01 0.13 0.19 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 194 194 < 0.005 0.01 0.59 197 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 170 170 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 172 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 27 / 65
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.4 3.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 3.4 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.56 0.56 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.57 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.8. Paving (2027) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 28 / 65
1,516 — 0.01 0.06 1,511 1,511 — 0.27 — 0.27 0.30 — 0.30 0.01 10.0 6.9 0.74 0.88 Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.01 0.13 0.19 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 194 194 < 0.005 0.01 0.59 197 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 170 170 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 172 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 29 / 65
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.4 3.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 3.4 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.56 0.56 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.57 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.9. Architectural Coating (2027) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.14 0.11 0.83 1.1 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
136 136 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 30 / 65
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 2.6 2.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 2.6 Architect
ural
Coating
s

2.6 2.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.48 0.48 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 64 64 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 65 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.3 1.3 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.3 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 31 / 65
Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.21 0.21 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.21 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.10. Architectural Coating (2027) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.14 0.11 0.83 1.1 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
136 136 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 2.6 2.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 2.6 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 32 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2.6 2.6 Architect
ural
Onsite
truck

0.48 0.48 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 64 64 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 65 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.3 1.3 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.3 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.21 0.21 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.21 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 33 / 65

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

2.5 2.3 1.7 20 0.04 0.03 3.8 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 4,401 4,401 0.23 0.19 13 4,477 City
Park

0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 12 12 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 12 Total 2.5 2.3 1.7 20 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 4,413 4,413 0.23 0.19 13 4,489 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

2.2 2.0 2.0 16 0.04 0.03 3.8 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 3,942 3,942 0.26 0.21 0.33 4,011 City
Park
< 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 10 10 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 11 Total 2.2 2.0 2.0 16 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 3,953 3,953 0.26 0.21 0.33 4,022 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.40 0.36 0.33 2.9 0.01 < 0.005 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.17 0.18 — 659 659 0.04 0.03 0.88 670 City
Park
< 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.93 0.93 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.94 Total 0.40 0.36 0.33 2.9 0.01 < 0.005 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.17 0.18 — 660 660 0.04 0.03 0.88 671 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 34 / 65

4.1.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

2.5 2.3 1.7 20 0.04 0.03 3.8 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 4,401 4,401 0.23 0.19 13 4,477 City
Park

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 35 / 65
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 407 407 0.07 0.01 — 411
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 407 407 0.07 0.01 — 411
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 407 407 0.07 0.01 — 411
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 407 407 0.07 0.01 — 411
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 67 67 0.01 < 0.005 — 68
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 67 67 0.01 < 0.005 — 68

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 36 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 407 407 0.07 0.01 — 411
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 407 407 0.07 0.01 — 411
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 407 407 0.07 0.01 — 411
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 407 407 0.07 0.01 — 411
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 67 67 0.01 < 0.005 — 68
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 67 67 0.01 < 0.005 — 68

4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 37 / 65
975 — < 0.005 0.09 973 973 — 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 < 0.005 0.33 0.77 0.04 0.09 Single Family
Housing
City
Park

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Total 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 973 973 0.09 < 0.005 — 975 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 973 973 0.09 < 0.005 — 975 City
Park

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Total 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 973 973 0.09 < 0.005 — 975 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.02 0.01 0.14 0.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 161 161 0.01 < 0.005 — 161 City
Park

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Total 0.02 0.01 0.14 0.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 161 161 0.01 < 0.005 — 161

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 973 973 0.09 < 0.005 — 975 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 38 / 65

0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 City Park
Total 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 973 973 0.09 < 0.005 — 975 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 973 973 0.09 < 0.005 — 975 City
Park

0.02 0.01 0.14 0.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 161 161 0.01 < 0.005 — 161 City
Park

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Total 0.02 0.01 0.14 0.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 161 161 0.01 < 0.005 — 161

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

3.3 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 39 / 65
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.26 0.26 Architect
ural
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

0.41 0.39 0.04 4.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 12 12 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 12 Total 3.9 3.9 0.04 4.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 12 12 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 12 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

3.3 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.26 0.26 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total 3.5 3.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hearths 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Consum
er
Product
s

0.60 0.60 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.05 0.05 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

0.04 0.03 < 0.005 0.40 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 0.97 0.97 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.97 Total 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.40 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 0.97 0.97 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.97 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 40 / 65

3.3 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.26 0.26 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

3.3 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.60 0.60 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.05 0.05 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 58
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.69 0.69 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.70 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 58
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.69 0.69 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.70 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 42 / 65
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 1.0 5.2 6.2 0.10 < 0.005 — 9.6
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.11 0.11 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.12 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.0 5.3 6.3 0.10 < 0.005 — 9.7

4.4.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 58
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.69 0.69 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.70 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 58
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.69 0.69 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.70 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 43 / 65

9.6 — < 0.005 0.10 6.2 5.2 1.0 — — — — — — — — — — — Single Family
Housing
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.11 0.11 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.12 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.0 5.3 6.3 0.10 < 0.005 — 9.7

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.03 0.00 0.03 < 0.005 0.00 — 0.12 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.03 0.00 0.03 < 0.005 0.00 — 0.12 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 44 / 65
22 — 0.00 0.63 6.3 0.00 6.3 — — — — — — — — — — — Single Family
Housing
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.01 0.00 0.01 < 0.005 0.00 — 0.02 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 6.3 0.00 6.3 0.63 0.00 — 22

4.5.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.03 0.00 0.03 < 0.005 0.00 — 0.12 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.03 0.00 0.03 < 0.005 0.00 — 0.12 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 6.3 0.00 6.3 0.63 0.00 — 22
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 45 / 65

0.02 — 0.00 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.01 — — — — — — — — — — — City Park
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 6.3 0.00 6.3 0.63 0.00 — 22

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.18 0.18
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 46 / 65
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.18 0.18

4.6.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.18 0.18
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.18 0.18

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type
VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 47 / 65

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Remove — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

5. Activity Data

5.1. Construction Schedule
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date Days Per Week Work Days per Phase Phase Description Site Preparation Site Preparation 4/15/2027 4/19/2027 5.0 3.0 — Grading Grading 4/20/2027 5/3/2027 5.0 10.0 —
Building Construction Building Construction 5/4/2027 9/24/2027 5.0 104 — Paving Paving 9/27/2027 10/5/2027 5.0 7.0 —
Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 10/6/2027 10/14/2027 5.0 7.0 —

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 55 / 65
Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 4.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 367 0.40 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 82 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 14 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.0 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 46 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 3.0 7.0 84 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 81 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 89 0.36
Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.0 37 0.48

5.2.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 4.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 423 0.48
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Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 367 0.40 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 82 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 14 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.0 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 46 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 3.0 7.0 84 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 81 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 89 0.36
Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.0 37 0.48

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation Worker 18 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading Worker 20 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction Worker 28 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 8.3 11 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving Worker 15 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
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Paving Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating Worker 5.6 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT

5.3.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation Worker 18 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading Worker 20 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction Worker 28 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 8.3 11 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving Worker 15 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating Worker 5.6 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
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Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT

5.4. Vehicles

5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.7. Construction Paving
Phase Name Land Use Area Paved (acres) % Asphalt
Paving Single Family Housing 0.86 0%
Paving City Park 0.00 0%
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5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors kWh per Y ear and Emission Factor (lb/MWh)
Y ear kWh per Y ear CO2 CH4 N2O
2027 0.00 204 0.03 < 0.005

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Y ear VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Y ear Single Family
Housing
736 744 667 265,544 5,428 5,485 4,916 1,957,358
City Park 0.56 1.4 1.6 302 5.2 13 14 2,777

5.9.2. Mitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Y ear VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Y ear Single Family
Housing
736 744 667 265,544 5,428 5,485 4,916 1,957,358
City Park 0.56 1.4 1.6 302 5.2 13 14 2,777

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths
Land Use Hearth Type Unmitigated (number) Mitigated (number) Single Family Housing Wood Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing Gas Fireplaces 78 78
Single Family Housing Propane Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing Electric Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing No Fireplaces 0 0
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Single Family Housing Conventional Wood Stoves 0 0
Single Family Housing Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 0
Single Family Housing Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 0
Single Family Housing Pellet Wood Stoves 0 0
City Park Wood Fireplaces 0 0
City Park Gas Fireplaces 0 0
City Park Propane Fireplaces 0 0
City Park Electric Fireplaces 0 0
City Park No Fireplaces 0 0
City Park Conventional Wood Stoves 0 0
City Park Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 0
City Park Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 0
City Park Pellet Wood Stoves 0 0

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
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Summer Days day/yr 180

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.2. Mitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Single Family Housing 729,033 204 0.0330 0.0040 3,035,161 City Park 0.00 204 0.0330 0.0040 0.00

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption

5.12.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 3,162,732 18,211,793
City Park 0.00 511,520

5.12.2. Mitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 3,162,732 18,211,793
City Park 0.00 511,520
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5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 70 0.00
City Park 0.06 0.00

5.13.2. Mitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 70 0.00
City Park 0.06 0.00

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.14.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Equipment Type Refrigerant GWP Quantity (kg) Operations Leak Rate Service Leak Rate Times Serviced Single Family Housing Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.5 2.5 10.0
Single Family Housing Household
refrigerators and/or
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00
City Park Other commercial A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 4.0 4.0 18
City Park Stand-alone retail
refrigerators and
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.04 1.00 0.00 1.00

5.14.2. Mitigated
Land Use Equipment Type Refrigerant GWP Quantity (kg) Operations Leak Rate Service Leak Rate Times Serviced VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 63 / 65
Single Family Housing Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.5 2.5 10.0
Single Family Housing Household
refrigerators and/or
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00
City Park Other commercial A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 4.0 4.0 18
City Park Stand-alone retail
refrigerators and
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.04 1.00 0.00 1.00

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Unmitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025 64 / 65

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

5.18.2.2. Mitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

8. User Changes to Default Data

8.1. Justifications
Screen Justification
Land Use Updated lot acreage based on total site size and number of dwelling units per phase.

Construction: Construction Phases Updated construction schedule per applicant provided data.

Operations: Fleet Mix SJVAPCD Residential Fleet Mix for 2027. Park is for the residential neighborhood and is expected to have the same fleet mix.

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Operations: Hearths Assuming all units may have a gas fireplace. Wood stoves not allowed per SJVAPCD Rule 4901.

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VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report
Table of Contents

1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information

1.2. Land Use Types

1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector

2. Emissions Summary

2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated

2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated

2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.1. Site Preparation (2027) - Unmitigated

3.2. Site Preparation (2027) - Mitigated

3.3. Grading (2027) - Unmitigated
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3.4. Grading (2027) - Mitigated

3.5. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated

3.6. Building Construction (2027) - Mitigated

3.7. Paving (2027) - Unmitigated

3.8. Paving (2027) - Mitigated

3.9. Architectural Coating (2027) - Unmitigated

3.10. Architectural Coating (2027) - Mitigated

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

4.1.1. Unmitigated

4.1.2. Mitigated

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated

4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

4.3.1. Unmitigated
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4.3.2. Mitigated

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated

4.4.2. Mitigated

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated

4.5.2. Mitigated

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated

4.6.2. Mitigated

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated

4.7.2. Mitigated

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated

4.8.2. Mitigated

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.1. Unmitigated
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4.9.2. Mitigated

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated

4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated

4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated

4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated

5. Activity Data

5.1. Construction Schedule

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated

5.2.2. Mitigated

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated

5.3.2. Mitigated

5.4. Vehicles

5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
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5.5. Architectural Coatings

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies

5.7. Construction Paving

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors

5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.9.1. Unmitigated

5.9.2. Mitigated

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths

5.10.2. Architectural Coatings

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.1. Unmitigated

5.11.2. Mitigated

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption
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5.12.1. Unmitigated

5.12.2. Mitigated

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated

5.13.2. Mitigated

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.14.1. Unmitigated

5.14.2. Mitigated

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
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5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated

5.18.1.2. Mitigated

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated

5.18.2.2. Mitigated

8. User Changes to Default Data

8.1. Justifications
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1. Basic Project Information

1.1. Basic Project Information
Data Field Value
Project Name VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated
Construction Start Date 4/15/2027
Operational Y ear 2027
Lead Agency —
Land Use Scale Project/site
Analysis Level for Defaults County
Windspeed (m/s) 2.7
Precipitation (days) 18
Location 35.41860843171821, -119.16563924528965
County Kern-San Joaquin
City Bakersfield
Air District San Joaquin Valley APCD
Air Basin San Joaquin Valley
TAZ 2889
EDFZ 5
Electric Utility Pacific Gas & Electric Company
Gas Utility Southern California Gas
App Version 2022.1.1.35

1.2. Land Use Types
Land Use Subtype Size Unit Lot Acreage Building Area (sq ft) Landscape Area (sq ft)
Special Landscape
Area (sq ft)
Population Description
Single Family
Housing
78 Dwelling Unit 10.0 152,100 913,603 — 251 —
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City Park 0.72 Acre 0.72 0.00 31,363 0.00 — —

2. Emissions Summary

2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 3.7 3.1 28 29 0.06 1.2 20 21 1.1 10 11 — 6,857 6,857 0.27 0.07 1.7 6,883 Mit. 3.7 3.1 28 29 0.06 1.2 5.3 6.5 1.1 2.7 3.8 — 6,857 6,857 0.27 0.07 1.7 6,883 %
Reduced
— — — — — — 73% 69% — 74% 67% — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 136 136 7.0 11 0.01 0.30 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.04 0.32 — 1,681 1,681 0.06 0.02 0.02 1,689 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Mit. 136 136 7.0 11 0.01 0.30 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.04 0.32 — 1,681 1,681 0.06 0.02 0.02 1,689 %
Reduced
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 3.1 3.1 3.9 5.3 0.01 0.14 0.54 0.69 0.13 0.21 0.34 — 1,121 1,121 0.04 0.02 0.23 1,129 Mit. 3.1 3.1 3.9 5.3 0.01 0.14 0.24 0.38 0.13 0.08 0.21 — 1,121 1,121 0.04 0.02 0.23 1,129 %
Reduced
— — — — — — 56% 45% — 63% 39% — — — — — — —
Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 0.57 0.56 0.71 0.97 < 0.005 0.03 0.10 0.13 0.02 0.04 0.06 — 186 186 0.01 < 0.005 0.04 187 Mit. 0.57 0.56 0.71 0.97 < 0.005 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.02 0.01 0.04 — 186 186 0.01 < 0.005 0.04 187 %
Reduced
— — — — — — 56% 45% — 63% 39% — — — — — — —

2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily -
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 3.7 3.1 28 29 0.06 1.2 20 21 1.1 10 11 — 6,857 6,857 0.27 0.07 1.7 6,883 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 136 136 7.0 11 0.01 0.30 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.04 0.32 — 1,681 1,681 0.06 0.02 0.02 1,689 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 3.1 3.1 3.9 5.3 0.01 0.14 0.54 0.69 0.13 0.21 0.34 — 1,121 1,121 0.04 0.02 0.23 1,129 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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2027 0.57 0.56 0.71 0.97 < 0.005 0.03 0.10 0.13 0.02 0.04 0.06 — 186 186 0.01 < 0.005 0.04 187

2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily -
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 3.7 3.1 28 29 0.06 1.2 5.3 6.5 1.1 2.7 3.8 — 6,857 6,857 0.27 0.07 1.7 6,883 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 136 136 7.0 11 0.01 0.30 0.18 0.48 0.27 0.04 0.32 — 1,681 1,681 0.06 0.02 0.02 1,689 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 3.1 3.1 3.9 5.3 0.01 0.14 0.24 0.38 0.13 0.08 0.21 — 1,121 1,121 0.04 0.02 0.23 1,129 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2027 0.57 0.56 0.71 0.97 < 0.005 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.02 0.01 0.04 — 186 186 0.01 < 0.005 0.04 187

2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 6.6 6.3 2.5 25 0.05 0.09 3.9 3.9 0.09 0.97 1.1 44 5,837 5,881 4.8 0.22 14 6,080 Mit. 6.5 6.2 1.8 24 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.03 0.97 1.0 44 4,573 4,617 4.7 0.21 14 4,810 %
Reduced
1% 1% 30% 1% 10% 69% — 2% 70% — 6% — 22% 21% 3% 3% — 21% VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Unmit. 5.8 5.6 2.8 16 0.04 0.09 3.9 3.9 0.09 0.97 1.1 44 5,365 5,409 4.8 0.23 1.4 5,601 Mit. 5.7 5.5 2.0 16 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 44 4,101 4,145 4.7 0.23 1.4 4,331 %
Reduced
2% 1% 28% 2% 11% 70% — 2% 72% — 6% — 24% 23% 3% 3% — 23% Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 6.0 5.8 2.6 18 0.04 0.09 3.7 3.8 0.09 0.94 1.0 44 5,402 5,446 4.8 0.22 6.4 5,638 Mit. 5.9 5.7 1.8 18 0.04 0.03 3.7 3.7 0.02 0.94 0.97 44 4,138 4,182 4.7 0.21 6.4 4,369 %
Reduced
1% 1% 29% 2% 11% 70% — 2% 71% — 6% — 23% 23% 3% 3% — 23% Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 1.1 1.1 0.48 3.4 0.01 0.02 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.17 0.19 7.3 894 902 0.79 0.04 1.1 933 Mit. 1.1 1.0 0.34 3.3 0.01 < 0.005 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.17 0.18 7.3 685 692 0.77 0.04 1.1 723 %
Reduced
1% 1% 29% 2% 11% 70% — 2% 71% — 6% — 23% 23% 3% 3% — 23%

2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.5 2.3 1.7 20 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 4,413 4,413 0.23 0.19 13 4,489 Area 3.9 3.9 0.04 4.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 12 12 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 12 Energy 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 1,380 1,380 0.15 0.01 — 1,387 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
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Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Total 6.6 6.3 2.5 25 0.05 0.09 3.9 3.9 0.09 0.97 1.1 44 5,837 5,881 4.8 0.22 14 6,080 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.2 2.0 2.0 16 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 3,953 3,953 0.26 0.21 0.33 4,022 Area 3.5 3.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 1,380 1,380 0.15 0.01 — 1,387 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Total 5.8 5.6 2.8 16 0.04 0.09 3.9 3.9 0.09 0.97 1.1 44 5,365 5,409 4.8 0.23 1.4 5,601 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.2 2.0 1.8 16 0.04 0.03 3.7 3.7 0.02 0.94 0.96 — 3,984 3,984 0.24 0.20 5.3 4,053 Area 3.7 3.7 0.02 2.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 5.8 5.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 5.9 Energy 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 1,380 1,380 0.15 0.01 — 1,387 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Total 6.0 5.8 2.6 18 0.04 0.09 3.7 3.8 0.09 0.94 1.0 44 5,402 5,446 4.8 0.22 6.4 5,638 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.40 0.36 0.33 2.9 0.01 < 0.005 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.17 0.18 — 660 660 0.04 0.03 0.88 671 Area 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.40 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 0.97 0.97 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.97 Energy 0.02 0.01 0.14 0.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 228 228 0.03 < 0.005 — 230 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.0 5.3 6.3 0.10 < 0.005 — 9.7 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 6.3 0.00 6.3 0.63 0.00 — 22 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.18 0.18
Total 1.1 1.1 0.48 3.4 0.01 0.02 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.17 0.19 7.3 894 902 0.79 0.04 1.1 933 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.5 2.3 1.7 20 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 4,413 4,413 0.23 0.19 13 4,489 Area 3.9 3.9 0.04 4.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 12 12 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 12 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 116 116 0.02 < 0.005 — 118 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Total 6.5 6.2 1.8 24 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.03 0.97 1.0 44 4,573 4,617 4.7 0.21 14 4,810 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.2 2.0 2.0 16 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 3,953 3,953 0.26 0.21 0.33 4,022 Area 3.5 3.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 116 116 0.02 < 0.005 — 118 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Total 5.7 5.5 2.0 16 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 44 4,101 4,145 4.7 0.23 1.4 4,331 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 2.2 2.0 1.8 16 0.04 0.03 3.7 3.7 0.02 0.94 0.96 — 3,984 3,984 0.24 0.20 5.3 4,053 Area 3.7 3.7 0.02 2.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 5.8 5.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 5.9 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 116 116 0.02 < 0.005 — 118 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
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Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Total 5.9 5.7 1.8 18 0.04 0.03 3.7 3.7 0.02 0.94 0.97 44 4,138 4,182 4.7 0.21 6.4 4,369 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.40 0.36 0.33 2.9 0.01 < 0.005 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.17 0.18 — 660 660 0.04 0.03 0.88 671 Area 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.40 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.00 0.97 0.97 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.97 Energy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 19 19 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 19 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.0 5.3 6.3 0.10 < 0.005 — 9.7 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 6.3 0.00 6.3 0.63 0.00 — 22 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.18 0.18
Total 1.1 1.0 0.34 3.3 0.01 < 0.005 0.68 0.68 < 0.005 0.17 0.18 7.3 685 692 0.77 0.04 1.1 723

3. Construction Emissions Details

3.1. Site Preparation (2027) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

3.6 3.1 28 28 0.05 1.2 — 1.2 1.1 — 1.1 — 5,298 5,298 0.21 0.04 — 5,316 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 20 20 — 10 10 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.07 0.06 1.1 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 226 226 < 0.005 0.01 0.68 229 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.7 1.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.28 0.28 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.28 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.6 3.1 28 28 0.05 1.2 — 1.2 1.1 — 1.1 — 5,298 5,298 0.21 0.04 — 5,316 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 5.1 5.1 — 2.6 2.6 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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44 — < 0.005 < 0.005 44 44 — 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 < 0.005 0.23 0.23 0.03 0.03 Off-Roa d
Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.04 0.04 — 0.02 0.02 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.07 0.06 1.1 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.05 — 226 226 < 0.005 0.01 0.68 229 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.7 1.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.7 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.28 0.28 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.28 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.5 2.9 26 27 0.06 1.0 — 1.0 0.96 — 0.96 — 6,598 6,598 0.27 0.05 — 6,621 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 9.2 9.2 — 3.7 3.7 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.10 0.08 0.70 0.75 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 181 181 0.01 < 0.005 — 181 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.25 0.25 — 0.10 0.10 — — — — — — —
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0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Onsite truck
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.08 0.07 1.3 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 259 259 < 0.005 0.01 0.78 262 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.5 6.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.5 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.1 1.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.1 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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3.5 2.9 26 27 0.06 1.0 — 1.0 0.96 — 0.96 — 6,598 6,598 0.27 0.05 — 6,621 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 2.4 2.4 — 0.95 0.95 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.10 0.08 0.70 0.75 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 181 181 0.01 < 0.005 — 181 Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.07 0.07 — 0.03 0.03 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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30 — < 0.005 < 0.005 30 30 — < 0.005 — < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 < 0.005 0.14 0.13 0.01 0.02 Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Dust
From
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.01 0.01 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.08 0.08 0.07 1.3 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.06 0.06 — 259 259 < 0.005 0.01 0.78 262 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.5 6.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 6.5 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.1 1.1 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.1 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.5. Building Construction (2027) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.2 1.0 9.4 13 0.02 0.34 — 0.34 0.31 — 0.31 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.35 0.29 2.7 3.7 0.01 0.10 — 0.10 0.09 — 0.09 — 683 683 0.03 0.01 — 685 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.06 0.05 0.49 0.67 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 113 113 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 113 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.12 0.11 0.09 1.8 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.34 0.00 0.08 0.08 — 363 363 < 0.005 0.01 1.1 368 Vendor 0.01 0.01 0.29 0.09 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.07 0.08 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 — 262 262 < 0.005 0.04 0.62 274 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 94 94 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.13 96 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.09 0.03 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 75 75 < 0.005 0.01 0.08 78 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 16 16 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 16 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 12 12 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 13 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.6. Building Construction (2027) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

1.2 1.0 9.4 13 0.02 0.34 — 0.34 0.31 — 0.31 — 2,397 2,397 0.10 0.02 — 2,405 Onsite
truck

0.35 0.29 2.7 3.7 0.01 0.10 — 0.10 0.09 — 0.09 — 683 683 0.03 0.01 — 685 Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.06 0.05 0.49 0.67 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 113 113 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 113 Onsite
truck

3.7. Paving (2027) - Unmitigated
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Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.01 0.13 0.19 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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4.8 — < 0.005 < 0.005 4.8 4.8 — < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 194 194 < 0.005 0.01 0.59 197 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 170 170 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 172 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.4 3.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 3.4 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.56 0.56 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.57 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.8. Paving (2027) - Mitigated
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Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.88 0.74 6.9 10.0 0.01 0.30 — 0.30 0.27 — 0.27 — 1,511 1,511 0.06 0.01 — 1,516 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.02 0.01 0.13 0.19 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 29 29 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 29 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 194 194 < 0.005 0.01 0.59 197 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.04 — 170 170 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 172 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.4 3.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 3.4 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.56 0.56 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.57 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.9. Architectural Coating (2027) - Unmitigated
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Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.14 0.11 0.83 1.1 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
136 136 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

2.6 2.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 64 64 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 65 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.3 1.3 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.3 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.21 0.21 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.21 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

3.10. Architectural Coating (2027) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent

0.14 0.11 0.83 1.1 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ural
Coating
s
136 136 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

2.6 2.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.48 0.48 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
truck

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 64 64 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 65 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.3 1.3 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.3 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.21 0.21 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.21 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

4. Operations Emissions Details

4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use

4.1.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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4,477 13 0.19 0.23 4,401 4,401 — 1.00 0.97 0.02 3.9 3.8 0.03 0.04 20 1.7 2.3 2.5 Single Family
Housing
City
Park

4.1.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

2.5 2.3 1.7 20 0.04 0.03 3.8 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 4,401 4,401 0.23 0.19 13 4,477 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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12 0.03 < 0.005 < 0.005 12 12 — < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 City Park
Total 2.5 2.3 1.7 20 0.04 0.03 3.9 3.9 0.02 0.97 1.00 — 4,413 4,413 0.23 0.19 13 4,489 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

4.2. Energy

4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 407 407 0.07 0.01 — 411
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00
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Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 407 407 0.07 0.01 — 411
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 407 407 0.07 0.01 — 411
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 407 407 0.07 0.01 — 411
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 67 67 0.01 < 0.005 — 68
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 67 67 0.01 < 0.005 — 68

4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 116 116 0.02 < 0.005 — 118
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 116 116 0.02 < 0.005 — 118 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 116 116 0.02 < 0.005 — 118
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 116 116 0.02 < 0.005 — 118 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — 19 19 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 19
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 19 19 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 19

0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 973 973 0.09 < 0.005 — 975 City
Park

0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 973 973 0.09 < 0.005 — 975 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 City Park
Total 0.09 0.04 0.77 0.33 < 0.005 0.06 — 0.06 0.06 — 0.06 — 973 973 0.09 < 0.005 — 975 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.02 0.01 0.14 0.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 161 161 0.01 < 0.005 — 161 City
Park

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Total 0.02 0.01 0.14 0.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 161 161 0.01 < 0.005 — 161

4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 City
Park

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00

4.3. Area Emissions by Source

3.3 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.26 0.26 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

0.60 0.60 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.05 0.05 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

3.3 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Architect
Coatings

0.26 0.26 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

3.3 3.3 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.60 0.60 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ural
Coating
s

0.05 0.05 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent

4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use

4.4.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 58
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.69 0.69 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.70 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 58
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.69 0.69 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.70 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 1.0 5.2 6.2 0.10 < 0.005 — 9.6
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.11 0.11 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.12 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.0 5.3 6.3 0.10 < 0.005 — 9.7

4.4.2. Mitigated
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Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 58
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.69 0.69 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.70 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 58
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.69 0.69 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.70 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 6.1 32 38 0.63 0.02 — 59
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 1.0 5.2 6.2 0.10 < 0.005 — 9.6
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.11 0.11 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.12 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.0 5.3 6.3 0.10 < 0.005 — 9.7

4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use

4.5.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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CO2e R N2O CH4 CO2T NBCO2 BCO2 PM2.5T PM2.5D PM2.5E PM10T PM10D PM10E SO2 CO NOx ROG TOG Land Use
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.03 0.00 0.03 < 0.005 0.00 — 0.12 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.03 0.00 0.03 < 0.005 0.00 — 0.12 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 6.3 0.00 6.3 0.63 0.00 — 22
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.01 0.00 0.01 < 0.005 0.00 — 0.02 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 6.3 0.00 6.3 0.63 0.00 — 22

4.5.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.03 0.00 0.03 < 0.005 0.00 — 0.12 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.03 0.00 0.03 < 0.005 0.00 — 0.12 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 38 0.00 38 3.8 0.00 — 132
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — 6.3 0.00 6.3 0.63 0.00 — 22
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — 0.01 0.00 0.01 < 0.005 0.00 — 0.02 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 6.3 0.00 6.3 0.63 0.00 — 22

4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use

4.6.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.18 0.18
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.18 0.18

1.1 1.1 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Single
Family
Housing
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1.1 1.1
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Single
Family
Housing
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.18 0.18
City
Park
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.00 0.00
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.18 0.18

4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type

4.7.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type

4.8.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type

4.9.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
Type
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type

4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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CO2e R N2O CH4 CO2T NBCO2 BCO2 PM2.5T PM2.5D PM2.5E PM10T PM10D PM10E SO2 CO NOx ROG TOG Vegetati on
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Sequest
ered
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

5. Activity Data

5.2. Off-Road Equipment

5.2.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 4.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 84 0.37
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Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 367 0.40 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 82 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 14 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.0 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 46 0.45 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 3.0 7.0 84 0.37
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 81 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 89 0.36
Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.0 37 0.48

5.2.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 367 0.40 Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 4.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 148 0.41
Grading Excavators Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 84 0.37
Grading Scrapers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 423 0.48
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 367 0.40 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 3.0 8.0 82 0.20 Building Construction Generator Sets Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 14 0.74 Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 7.0 367 0.29 Building Construction Welders Diesel Average 1.00 8.0 46 0.45 VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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0.37 84 7.0 3.0 Average Diesel Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back hoes
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 81 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 89 0.36
Paving Rollers Diesel Average 2.0 8.0 36 0.38
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.0 37 0.48

5.3. Construction Vehicles

5.3.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation Worker 18 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading Worker 20 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction Worker 28 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 8.3 11 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving Worker 15 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating Worker 5.6 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
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Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT

5.3.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Site Preparation Worker 18 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Site Preparation Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Site Preparation Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Site Preparation Onsite truck — — HHDT
Grading Worker 20 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction Worker 28 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 8.3 11 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving Worker 15 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating Worker 5.6 17 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 11 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT

5.4. Vehicles
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5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.6. Dust Mitigation

5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.

5.7. Construction Paving
Phase Name Land Use Area Paved (acres) % Asphalt
Paving Single Family Housing 0.86 0%
Paving City Park 0.00 0%

5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors kWh per Y ear and Emission Factor (lb/MWh)
Y ear kWh per Y ear CO2 CH4 N2O
2027 0.00 204 0.03 < 0.005
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5.9. Operational Mobile Sources

5.10. Operational Area Sources

5.10.1. Hearths
Land Use Hearth Type Unmitigated (number) Mitigated (number) Single Family Housing Wood Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing Gas Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing Propane Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing Electric Fireplaces 0 0
Single Family Housing No Fireplaces 78 78
Single Family Housing Conventional Wood Stoves 0 0
Single Family Housing Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 0
Single Family Housing Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 0
Single Family Housing Pellet Wood Stoves 0 0
City Park Wood Fireplaces 0 0
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City Park Gas Fireplaces 0 0
City Park Propane Fireplaces 0 0
City Park Electric Fireplaces 0 0
City Park No Fireplaces 0 0
City Park Conventional Wood Stoves 0 0
City Park Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 0
City Park Non-Catalytic Wood Stoves 0 0
City Park Pellet Wood Stoves 0 0

5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180

5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180

5.11. Operational Energy Consumption

5.11.1. Unmitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) VTTM 7451 - Phase 3 Mitigated Custom Report, 12/4/2025
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Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Single Family Housing 729,033 204 0.0330 0.0040 3,035,161 City Park 0.00 204 0.0330 0.0040 0.00

5.11.2. Mitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Single Family Housing 208,399 204 0.0330 0.0040 0.00
City Park 0.00 204 0.0330 0.0040 0.00

5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption

5.12.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 3,162,732 18,211,793
City Park 0.00 511,520

5.12.2. Mitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Single Family Housing 3,162,732 18,211,793
City Park 0.00 511,520

5.13. Operational Waste Generation

5.13.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 70 0.00
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City Park 0.06 0.00

5.13.2. Mitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Single Family Housing 70 0.00
City Park 0.06 0.00

5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment

5.14.2. Mitigated
Land Use Equipment Type Refrigerant GWP Quantity (kg) Operations Leak Rate Service Leak Rate Times Serviced Single Family Housing Average room A/C &
Other residential A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 2.5 2.5 10.0
Single Family Housing Household
refrigerators and/or
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.12 0.60 0.00 1.00
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City Park Other commercial A/C
and heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 4.0 4.0 18
City Park Stand-alone retail
refrigerators and
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.04 1.00 0.00 1.00

5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment

5.15.1. Unmitigated

5.15.2. Mitigated

5.16. Stationary Sources

5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps

5.16.2. Process Boilers

5.17. User Defined

5.18. Vegetation

5.18.1. Land Use Change

5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type
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5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres

5.18.2. Sequestration

5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

5.18.2.2. Mitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)

8. User Changes to Default Data

8.1. Justifications
Screen Justification
Land Use Updated lot acreage based on total site size and number of dwelling units per phase.

Construction: Construction Phases Updated construction schedule per applicant provided data.

Operations: Fleet Mix SJVAPCD Residential Fleet Mix for 2027. Park is for the residential neighborhood and is expected to have the same fleet mix.

Operations: Hearths Project design measure - project will not have any natural gas plumbing or fireplaces.

Attachment 2
Modeling Files (Electronic)

Bakersfield City CouncilSeptember 16, 2026

Bakersfield City Council
September 16, 2026