Agenda packet — Baldwin Park City Council, March 5, 2025 (part 1 of 2)

CITY COUNCIL

SPECIAL MEETING
Agenda
March 05, 2025, 5:00 PM

Mayor
Mayor Pro Tem
Councilmember
Councilmember
Councilmember
Alejandra Avila
Daniel Damian
Jean M. Ayala
Emmanuel J. Estrada
Manuel Lozano
Welcome to your City Council Meeting
We welcome your interest and involvement in the City’s legislative process. This agenda includes information about topics coming before the City Council and the action recommended by city staff. You can read about each topic in the staff reports, which are available on the city’s website and in the Office of the City Clerk.

Please note that, in the event of a technical issue causing a disruption in the call-in option or internet-based option, the meeting will continue unless otherwise required by law, such as when a Board Member is attending the meeting virtually pursuant to certain provisions of the Brown Act. Electronic devices are to be turned off while meetings are in session.

How to watch
The City of Baldwin Park provides two ways to watch a City Council meeting:

In Person

Most City Council meetings take
place at City Hall, 14403 E. Pacific
Ave., Baldwin Park, CA 91706
Online

Audio streaming will be available at
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFLZ0_dDFRjy59rhiDZ13Fg/featured?view_as=subscriber http://baldwinpark.granicus.com/ViewPublisher.php?view_id=10 Reasonable Accommodations
Individuals with disabilities may request an agenda packet in appropriate alternative formats as required by the Americans with Disability Act of 1990. Reasonable accommodations and auxiliary aids will be provided to effectively allow participation in the meeting. Please contact the City Clerk’s Office at (626) 960-4011.

Public Comments
The public is encouraged to address the City Council or any of its Agencies listed on this agenda on any matter posted on the agenda. In accordance with Chapter 39 of the Baldwin Park Municipal Code, Speakers must address the Council as a whole and refrain from making impertinent, slanderous, or profane remarks or disrupt the peace of the meeting.

Speaker cards are available at the podium and by request with the City Clerk.

CALL TO ORDER

ROLL CALL

PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS

OPEN SESSION/STUDY SESSION

Presentation – Sport Complex Conceptual Report presented by David Volz Designs Landscape Architects, Inc. (DVA)

RECESS CLOSED SESSION

1. Conference with Legal Counsel – Existing Litigation
Pursuant to paragraph (1) of subdivision (d) of Government Code Section 54956.9:

A. Case: Suzanne Ruelas v. City of Baldwin Park
Los Angeles County Superior Court Case No. 20STCV17682

B. Case: Daniel Saldana v. Baldwin Park Police Department Officers et al United States District Court-Central Case No. 2:24-cv-00895-MAA

C. Case: Rukli, Inc vs City of Baldwin Park
Los Angeles Superior Court Case No. 22STCV28634

D. Case: Jose Martinez WCAB Case No. ADJ16846216 Worker’s Compensation

ADJOURNMENT

CERTIFICATION
I, Christopher Saenz, City Clerk of the City of Baldwin Park hereby certify that, under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California that the foregoing agenda was posted on the City Hall bulletin board not less than 72 hours prior to the meeting. Dated this 27th day of February 2025.

Christopher Saenz
City Clerk

For further information regarding agenda items, please contact the office of the City Clerk at (626) 960-4011 ext. 466 or via e-mail at [email protected]. In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, if you need special assistance to participate in this meeting, please contact the Public Works Department or Risk Management at (626) 960-4011. Notification 48 hours prior to the meeting will enable staff to make reasonable arrangements to ensure accessibility to this meeting. (28 CFR 34.102.104 ADA TITLE II)

CITY COUNCIL

REGULAR MEETING
Agenda
March 05, 2025, 7:00 PM
Mayor
Mayor Pro Tem
Councilmember
Councilmember
Councilmember
Alejandra Avila
Daniel Damian
Jean M. Ayala
Emmanuel J. Estrada
Manuel Lozano
Welcome to your City Council Meeting
We welcome your interest and involvement in the City’s legislative process. This agenda includes information about topics coming before the City Council and the action recommended by city staff. You can read about each topic in the staff reports, which are available on the city’s website and in the Office of the City Clerk.

How to watch
The City of Baldwin Park provides two ways to watch a City Council meeting:

In Person
Most City Council meetings take
place at City Hall, 14403 E. Pacific
Ave., Baldwin Park, CA 91706
Online
Audio streaming will be available at
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFLZ0_dDFRjy59rhiDZ13Fg/featured?view_as=subscriber http://baldwinpark.granicus.com/ViewPublisher.php?view_id=10 Reasonable Accommodations
Individuals with disabilities may request an agenda packet in appropriate alternative formats as required by the Americans with Disability Act of 1990. Reasonable accommodations and auxiliary aids will be provided to effectively allow participation in the meeting. Please contact the City Clerk’s Office at (626) 960-4011.

Public Comments
The public is encouraged to address the City Council or any of its Agencies listed on this agenda on any matter posted on the agenda or on any other matter within its jurisdiction. In accordance with Chapter 39 of the Baldwin Park Municipal Code, Speakers must address the Council as a whole and refrain from making impertinent, slanderous, or profane remarks or disrupt the peace of the meeting. Speaker cards are available at the podium and by request with the City Clerk.

Public Communication
There is a three-minute speaking time limit. This is the time set aside to address the City Council. Please notify the City Clerk if you require the services of an interpreter. No Action may be taken on a matter unless it is listed on the agenda, or unless certain emergency or special circumstances exist. The legislative body or its staff may: 1) Briefly respond to statements made or questions asked by persons; or 2) Direct staff to investigate and/or schedule matters for consideration at a future meeting. [Government Code §54954.2] If you wish to comment on agenda items and are unable to physically appear in person, please email your name, place of residence, item number or topic and a phone number where you will be available between the hours of 7:00 PM during City Council Meetings to [email protected] Notice Regarding California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Determinations Pursuant to CEQA, a "project" is defined as a "whole action" subject to a public agency's discretionary funding or approval that has the potential to either (1) cause a direct physical change in the environment or (2) cause a reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment. "Projects" include discretionary activity by a public agency, a private activity that receives any public funding, or activities that involve the public agency's issuance of a discretionary approval and is not statutorily or categorically exempt from CEQA. (Pub. Res. Code § 21065.) To the extent that matters listed in this Agenda are considered "projects" under CEQA, their appropriate CEQA determination will be listed below

REVISED
each recommendation. If no CEQA determination is listed, it has been determined that the action does not constitute a "project" under CEQA.

CALL TO ORDER

INVOCATION

PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE

ROLL CALL

REPORT FROM CLOSED SESSION

ANNOUNCEMENTS

PROCLAMATIONS, COMMENDATIONS & PRESENTATIONS
Presentation – Administer Oath of Office to Housing and Planning Commission. • Diana Miranda-Dzib
• Edward Gonzalez
• Jose Sauza
• Maria Cisneros-Gonzalez

PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS

CONSENT CALENDAR
All items listed are considered to be routine business by the City Council and will be approved with one motion. There will be no separate discussion of these items unless a City Councilmember so requests, in which case, the item will be removed from the general order of business and considered in its normal sequence on the agenda.

1. City of Baldwin Park’s Warrants and Demands
Staff recommends that the City Council ratify the attached Warrants and Demands Register.

2. Meeting Minutes of February 5, 2025 and February 19, 2025 It is recommended that the City Council approve the following meeting minutes of February 5, 2025:

Special City Council Meeting and Regular City Council Meeting and meeting minutes of February 19, 2025: Special City Council Meeting, Regular City Council Meeting, Finance Authority Meeting and the Housing Authority Meeting.

3. Second Reading and Adoption of Ordinance 1516, entitled, “AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY

COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BALDWIN PARK AUTHORIZING THE CITY OF BALDWIN

PARK TO ENTER INTO A DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT WITH ALLVISION LLC FOR

THE APPROVAL FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A TWO-SIDED DIGITAL BILLBOARD LOCATED IN THE RAILROAD RIGHT-OF-WAY ADJACENT TO 3100 BALDWIN PARK

BLVD, WITH THE SPECIFIC LOCATION SHOWN ON THE PLANS ON FILE WITH THE CITY PLANNER”.

It is recommended that the City Council waive further reading and adopt Ordinance 1516, entitled, “AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BALDWIN PARK

AUTHORIZING THE CITY OF BALDWIN PARK TO ENTER INTO A DEVELOPMENT

AGREEMENT WITH ALLVISION LLC FOR THE APPROVAL FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF

A TWO -SIDED DIGITAL BILLBOARD LOCATED IN THE RAILROAD RIGHT -OF-WAY ADJACENT TO 3100 BALDWIN PARK BLVD, WITH THE SPECIFIC LOCATION SHOWN ON THE PLANS ON FILE WITH THE CITY PLANNER”.

4. Approval of Amendment Number 3 to the Consultant Services Agreement with Terra Realty Advisors Inc. to provide various real estate services related to outdoor advertising.

It is recommended that the City Council:

1. Authorize the Mayor to execute the Amendment subject to any non-substantive changes made by the CEO and City Attorney; and

2. Authorize the Director of Finance to appropriate funding and make the necessary budget adjustments.

5. Claim for Damages Rejections
It is recommended that the City Council reject the following claims and direct staff to send the appropriate notice of rejection to claimants:

• Gonzalo Cetina The claimant alleges errors and omissions.

This government claim, and all government claims, should be considered as potential lawsuits in the future. Thus, it is requested that all City Staff, the Mayor and all Council Members refrain from making any statements, whether public or private in nature. It is important that no statements be made so as to not prejudice this claim in any way which can happen if public or private comments are made about this claim by City staff or Council Members.

6. Approval of an updated Affordable Homeownership Expansion Program and Project funding Implemented by the San Gabriel Valley Habitat for Humanity It is recommended that the City Council

1. Approve the updated Affordable Homeownership Expansion Program and associated funding sources; and

2. Authorize the Director of Finance to appropriate funding for this updated Program and Project Activities and make the necessary budget adjustment; and set up new account numbers accordingly; and

3. Authorize the Chief Executive Officer, City Attorney, and Special Counsel to continue carrying out all subsequent and needed actions to proceed with the Program, including approving real estate purchase transactions, and executing agreements including form s of Agreements for Habitat for Humanity to use PLHA Funds for ADU creation.

PUBLIC HEARING

REPORTS OF OFFICERS

CITY COUNCIL ACTING AS SUCCESSOR AGENCY OF THE DISSOLVED COMMUNITY

DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION

CITY COUNCIL / CITY CLERK / CITY TREASURER / STAFF REQUESTS & COMMUNICATION

Staff will provide an oral update on the status of the following projects:

1. Barnes Park Stormwater Infiltration and Park Improvements- Public Works

2. Torch Street Housing Project -CDD/Housing

3. Stewart Ave – Church to Housing Project- CDD/Housing

ADJOURNMENT

Christopher Saenz
City Clerk

STAFF REPORT
ITEM NO. _____1_____

Page 1 ends

TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
FROM: Rose Tam, Director of Finance
PREPARED BY: Ana Zhang, Senior Finance Clerk
DATE: March 5, 2025
SUBJECT: City of Baldwin Park’s Warrants and Demands

SUMMARY
Attached is the Warrants and Demands Register for the City of Baldwin Park to be ratified by the City Council.

RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that the City Council ratify the attached Warrants and Demands Register.

FISCAL IMPACT
The payroll for the last period was $587,390.38 and the attached General Warrants Register was $1,875,923.78 for a total amount of $2,463,314.16.

BACKGROUND
The attached Claims and Demands report format meet the required information as set out in the California Government Code. Staff has reviewed the requests for expenditures for the appropriate budgetary approval and for the authorization from the department head or its designee. Pursuant to Section 37208 of the California Government Code, the Chief Executive Officer or his/her designee does hereby certify to the accuracy of the demands hereinafter referred. Payments released since the previous City Council m eeting and the following is a summary of the payment released:

1.The last payroll of the City of Baldwin Park consists of check numbers 202808 to 202820 Additionally, Automated Clearing House (ACH) Payroll deposits were made on behalf of City Employees from control number 52959 to 53250 for the period February 2, 2025 , through February 15, 2025 inclusive; these are presented and hereby ratified in the amount of $587,390.38.

2.General Warrants, with the electronic fund transfer (EFT) bank drafts in the amount of $321,776.85 and checks from 249976 to 250128 in the amount of $1,554,146.93 for the period of February 11, 2025 to February 24, 2025, inclusive; in the total amount of $1,875,923.78 constituting of claims and demands against the City of Baldwin Park, are herewith presented to the City Council as required by law, and the same hereby ratified.

LEGAL REVIEW
Not Applicable

ATTACHMENTS

1. Check Register

Amount
249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. AUG 2024-BAL. OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT-SUSAN RUBIO 275-50-765-58100-55022 5,502.35$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. SEP 2024-BAL. OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT-SUSAN RUBIO 200-50-520-58100-55022 4,794.91$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. AUG 2024-BAL. OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT-SUSAN RUBIO 256-50-520-58100-55022 12,756.01$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. AUG 2024-BAL. OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT-SUSAN RUBIO 258-50-520-58100-55022 8,268.58$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. BALANCE OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN JULY 24 258-50-520-58100-55022 9,578.75$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. BALANCE OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN JULY 24 275-50-765-58100-55022 3,628.75$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. AUG 2024-BAL. OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT-SUSAN RUBIO 234-50-520-58100-55022 12,041.40$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. JUL 2024-BAL. OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT-SUSAN RUBIO 200-50-520-58100-55022 3,445.93$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. BALANCE OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN JULY 24 234-50-520-58100-55022 2,947.50$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. BALANCE OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN JULY 24 256-50-520-58100-55022 10,718.69$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO MAY 2024 275-50-765-58100-55022 7,398.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO JUNE 2024 200-50-520-58100-55022 10,360.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO JUNE 2024 275-50-765-58100-55022 10,327.95$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO MAY 2024 234-50-520-58100-55022 2,905.81$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO MAY 2024 256-50-520-58100-55022 3,000.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO MAY 2024 258-50-520-58100-55022 2,000.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO APRIL 2024 234-50-520-58100-55022 11,096.01$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO APRIL 2024 270-50-520-58100-55022 4,999.40$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 200-50-520-58100-55022 9,030.40$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 270-50-520-58100-55022 21,448.51$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO FEB.2024 270-50-520-58100-55022 31,358.40$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO-CIP22-044 270-50-520-58100-55022 39,222.32$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 270-50-520-58100-55022 445.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO NOV. 2023 275-50-765-58100-55022 9,888.75$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO DEC,2023 270-50-520-58100-55022 32,822.35$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 200-50-520-58100-55022 9,888.75$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO NOV. 2023 234-50-520-58100-55022 4,807.50$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 258-50-520-58100-55022 695.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 256-50-520-58100-55022 325.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 258-50-520-58100-55022 1,025.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 275-50-765-58100-55022 6,911.69$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 258-50-520-58100-55022 260.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 275-50-765-58100-55022 8,250.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 200-50-520-58100-55022 6,835.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. BALANCE OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN OCT. 24 258-50-520-58100-55022 2,250.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 200-50-520-58100-55022 7,635.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 256-50-520-58100-55022 130.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 258-50-520-58100-55022 1,753.82$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 270-50-520-58100-55022 31,389.35$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. BALANCE OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN OCT. 24 256-50-520-58100-55022 8,336.26$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CIP 22-043 ZOCALO PARK&PLAZA PROJECT 270-50-520-58100-55022 18,132.50$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO JUN. 2023 234-50-520-58100-55022 200.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 256-50-520-58100-55022 50.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CIP 22-043 ZOCALO PARK&PLAZA PROJECT 234-50-520-58100-55022 9,517.50$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CIP 22-043 ZOCALO PARK&PLAZA PROJECT 256-50-520-58100-55022 3,725.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CIP 22-043 ZOCALO PARK&PLAZA PROJECT 258-50-520-58100-55022 1,650.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 256-50-520-58100-55022 2,550.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 258-50-520-58100-55022 2,500.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 270-50-520-58100-55022 27,556.59$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 256-50-520-58100-55022 2,325.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 258-50-520-58100-55022 3,300.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 270-50-520-58100-55022 14,752.50$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. 5% RETENTION CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 256-50-520-58100-55022 75.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 258-50-520-58100-55022 6,500.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 270-50-520-58100-55022 6,911.50$ Check Register
City of Baldwin Park, CA By (None)
Payment Dates 2/11/2025 - 2/24/2025
Payment Number Payment Date Vendor Name Description (Item) Account Number 1097 02/13/2025 CALIFORNIA NEWSPAPERS PARTNERSHIP NOTICE: FY25-29 CONSOLIDATED PLAN 220-40-420-53330-14700 653.22$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 270-50-520-58100-55022 12,550.00$

Page 1 of 8 ends

AmountPayment Number Payment Date Vendor Name Description (Item) Account Number 249995 02/13/2025 DOLPHIN RENTS, INC RENTAL OF WHITE FENCING FOR WINTER FEST-12/7/2024 210-60-610-53391-16148 2,138.24$ 249996 02/13/2025 DONALD CHRISTOPHER LACHER BACKGROUND INVESTIGATION LATERAL OFFICER APPLICANT 100-30-310-51100-00000 2,000.00$ 249992 02/13/2025 CORRAL CONSTRUCTION & DEVELOPMENT INC. PYMT#2-CONSTRUCTION FOR MORGAN PARK 275-60-706-58100-55027 41,021.00$ 249993 02/13/2025 DANA MUSIC CLUB BAND SWEEPSTAKES MIDDLE SCHOOL WINNER-12/7/2024 210-60-610-51101-16148 1,500.00$ 249994 02/13/2025 DAVID VOLZ DESIGN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS INC DESIGN SERVICES FOR NEW ANA MONTENEGRO 270-60-620-58100-56012 12,356.58$ 249990 02/13/2025 CINTAS FIRST AID & SAFETY ZOLL PLUS AUTO AGREEMENT 403-10-160-51101-11350 912.87$ 249991 02/13/2025 CITY OF EL MONTE DEC 2024-FUEL FOR TRANSIT SERVICES 244-50-580-51100-15525 8,405.70$ 249989 02/13/2025 CHRIS KIRKLEY C&D DEPOSIT REFUND-14121 RAMONA-BLDG-1123-2905 246-00-000-22540-00000 15,000.00$ 249990 02/13/2025 CINTAS FIRST AID & SAFETY ZOLL PLUS AUTO AGREEMENT 403-10-160-51101-11350 912.87$ 249987 02/13/2025 CARLOS VALLE JAN 2025-CITYWIDE JANITORIAL FOR CITY FACILITIES 252-60-620-53371-00000 6,968.00$ 249988 02/13/2025 CHICAS GRAPHICS AND DESIGN STYRENE SEMI-RIGID MATERIAL 1 SIDE, DIE CUTTING 240-50-510-53100-00000 303.19$ 249988 02/13/2025 CHICAS GRAPHICS AND DESIGN A-FRAME POSTERS MATERIAL 100-60-610-53100-16165 110.25$ 249986 02/13/2025 CARLOS CAMARENA PER DIEM-DUI DETECTION-2/18-2/20/2025 100-30-310-53200-00000 24.00$ 249987 02/13/2025 CARLOS VALLE JAN 2025-CITYWIDE JANITORIAL FOR CITY FACILITIES 100-60-620-53371-00000 5,500.00$ 249987 02/13/2025 CARLOS VALLE JAN 2025-CITYWIDE JANITORIAL FOR CITY FACILITIES 245-60-620-53371-15882 1,300.00$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. HOT STEAMED BUNS FOR THE LUNAR NEW YEAR CELE. 501-60-000-22327-00000 526.55$ 249984 02/13/2025 BOGDAN LUCESCU C&D DEPOSIT REFUND-13441 DALEWOOD-BLDG-0623-2279 246-00-000-22540-00000 15,000.00$ 249985 02/13/2025 CAPTURE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. RADIO AUDIO RECORDER FOR COMMUNICATIONS 275-30-765-58110-53003 33,316.86$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES FOR THE TEEN CENTER 100-60-660-53100-00000 165.36$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. NETFLIX MONTHLY FEE-TEEN CENTER-1/7-2/6/2025 100-60-660-53330-00000 11.86$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. NETFLIX MONTHLY FEE-ARC-1/7-2/6/2025 100-60-680-53330-00000 7.75$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. FLIGHT TICKETS FOR M. MORENO-3/19-3/21/2025 100-60-610-53350-00000 236.97$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES FOR THE SENIOR CENTER. 100-60-630-53100-00000 72.15$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. NETFLIX MONTHLY FEE-SENIOR CENTER-1/7-2/6/2025 100-60-630-53330-00000 3.87$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. ANNUAL MEMBERSHIP FOR A. VELASCO FOR 2025 100-60-610-53330-16130 122.00$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. ANNUAL MEMBERSHIP FOR L. ROSALES FOR 2025 100-60-610-53330-16130 87.00$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. FLIGHT TICKETS FOR A. ROJO-3/19-3/21/2025 100-60-610-53350-00000 236.97$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. MEMBERSHIP FEE-CREATIVE CLOUD ALL APPS-1/10-2/9/25 100-60-610-53330-00000 89.99$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. DROPBOX FEE FOR BP NOW LIVE-RENEWS 2/1/2025 100-60-610-53330-00000 11.99$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. SG VALLEY NEWS SUBSCRIPTION-RENEWAL 2/8/2025 100-60-610-53330-00000 26.00$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. 2025 ONE PAGE PLANNER REFILLS 100-60-600-53100-00000 70.56$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES FOR THE COMMUNITY CENTER 100-60-610-53100-00000 66.08$ 249983 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. PRINTING SRVC OF FLYERS-THE BLACK HISTORY MONTH 100-60-610-53320-16165 222.30$ 249982 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. 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ID CARDS FOR CITY EMPLOYEES 100-30-310-53100-00000 28.76$ 249981 02/13/2025 BMO BANK N.A. SG VALLEY NEWS SUBCRIPTION-RENEWAL 2/12/2025 100-30-310-53330-00000 14.00$ 249980 02/13/2025 AXON ENTERPRISE, INC CAMERA MOUNT 100-30-310-53100-00000 192.58$ 249980 02/13/2025 AXON ENTERPRISE, INC CRADLEPOINT ROUTER CABLE 100-30-310-53100-00000 26.18$ 249980 02/13/2025 AXON ENTERPRISE, INC UNIT ANTENNA&WIRING FOR IN-CAR CAMERA 100-30-310-53100-00000 521.59$ 249978 02/13/2025 ALBERT TRINH LUNCH FOR HALLOWEEN DEPT 100-10-150-53370-11123 126.35$ 249978 02/13/2025 ALBERT TRINH LUNCH WITH CITY OF AZUSA STAFF-COMNET ACCOUTING 100-20-210-53200-00000 69.49$ 249979 02/13/2025 ANA MORFIN C&D DEPOSIT REFUND-4302 FILHURST-BLDG-0723-2394 246-00-000-22540-00000 445.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 270-50-520-58100-55022 15,112.50$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT FOR SUSAN RUBIO 256-50-520-58100-55022 150.00$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. 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OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT-SUSAN RUBIO 258-50-520-58100-55022 2,110.66$ 249976 02/13/2025 PCN3, INC. SEP 2024-BAL. OF CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT-SUSAN RUBIO 234-50-520-58100-55022 809.28$

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AmountPayment Number Payment Date Vendor Name Description (Item) Account Number 250023 02/13/2025 SERVICE FIRST CONTRACTORS POOL ACCESS LIFT IN AQUATIC CENTER POOL 12/20/2025 100-60-620-58110-00000 6,139.24$ 250022 02/13/2025 SAN GABRIEL VALLEY WATER COMPANY WATER-117217-1209 VINELAND 1/6-2/3/25 252-60-620-53402-00000 141.13$ 250022 02/13/2025 SAN GABRIEL VALLEY WATER COMPANY WATER-100636-PATRITTI/BESS 12/30-1/30/25 252-60-620-53402-00000 1,693.22$ 250023 02/13/2025 SERVICE FIRST CONTRACTORS INSTALLATION, LABOR AND TAX 100-60-620-53371-00000 1,376.13$ 250020 02/13/2025 RICOH USA INC MAINTENANCE AND OVERAGES 2/6/2025 401-10-141-53371-11504 107.22$ 250021 02/13/2025 RKA CONSULTING GROUP ENGINEERING SERVICES-SUSAN RUBIO ZOCALO AUG.2024 256-50-520-58100-55022 5,500.00$ 250021 02/13/2025 RKA CONSULTING GROUP AS NEEDED PLAN CHECK SERVICES 12/1-12/31/2024 100-50-510-51100-00000 4,970.00$ 250018 02/13/2025 MICHAEL SALAZAR REIM-MILEAGE-3/10-3/14/2025 100-40-460-53340-00000 387.10$ 250019 02/13/2025 RAILPROS, INC. CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT AND INSPECTION 255-50-520-58100-15550 8,152.45$ 250020 02/13/2025 RICOH USA INC LEASE PAYMENTS 3 RICOH COPIERS 1/25/2025-2/24/2025 401-10-141-58140-11504 710.12$ 250017 02/13/2025 MICHAEL KELLY JAN 2025-JAIL INMATE PHONE SYSTEM SUPPLY&MAINTENAN 100-30-370-53403-00000 200.00$ 250018 02/13/2025 MICHAEL SALAZAR REIM-FOOD EXPENSES-3/10-3/14/2025 100-40-460-53100-00000 115.00$ 250014 02/13/2025 LONG TANG BUILDING&SAFETY PLAN APPROVAL STAMP 100-40-450-53100-00000 109.06$ 250015 02/13/2025 MARVCO ENTERPRISES, INC. CORDLESS HEADSETS FOR DISPATCHERS 100-30-320-53100-00000 62.25$ 250016 02/13/2025 MGT IMPACT SOLUTIONS, LLC FY24-25 SB90 ANNUAL CLAIMS 100-25-299-51100-00000 2,075.00$ 250011 02/13/2025 KENNETH LIGHTFOOT FOOD FOR BLACK HISTORY MONTH ON FEB 22 100-60-610-51101-16165 1,440.00$ 250012 02/13/2025 LACMTA ADMINISTRATIVE FEE FOR LICENSE AGREEMENT 255-50-520-58100-15550 1,500.00$ 250013 02/13/2025 LINDA LUU BOSWELL C&D DEPOSIT REFUND-14308 OLIVE ST-B00-022-156 246-00-000-22540-00000 430.00$ 250008 02/13/2025 HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC. MAR 2025-MAINTENANCE CONTRACT FOR HVAC SYSTEM 100-60-620-53371-16100 7,993.25$ 250009 02/13/2025 INTERACTIVE DATA, LLC ONLINE SEARCH SITE FOR DB CASES 100-30-360-51100-00000 80.00$ 250010 02/13/2025 JUAN CHAVEZ TREES FOR ZOCALO PARK AND CIVIC CENTER PLAZA 258-50-520-58100-55022 19,213.26$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 33.05$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 65.63$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 65.62$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 49.39$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 49.38$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 33.06$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 12.06$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 27.54$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 27.54$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 30.37$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 30.37$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 12.05$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 26.63$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 6.98$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 6.99$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 9.90$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 9.90$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 26.62$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 34.66$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 77.10$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 77.10$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 80.80$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 80.80$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 34.67$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 45.93$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 19.80$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 19.79$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 29.57$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 29.57$ 250007 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23262-SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 45.92$ 250005 02/13/2025 HELEN HERNANDEZ VOLUNTEER REGIS. PROGRAM-SIGNUPGENIUS ACT WEBSITE 100-60-680-53330-00000 107.89$ 250005 02/13/2025 HELEN HERNANDEZ SUPPLIES FOR ZOCALO PARK 110-60-685-53100-00000 89.70$ 250006 02/13/2025 HIPOLITO REYES LOPEZ MUSIC ENTERTAINMENT FOR FEB BIRTHDAY CEL. 2/19/25 501-60-000-22327-00000 350.00$ 250003 02/13/2025 GABRIEL MERCADO C&D DEPOSIT REFUND-13059 JUDITH-BLDG-0723-2413 246-00-000-22540-00000 417.00$ 250004 02/13/2025 HDL, COREN & CONE PROFESSIONAL SRVC: JAN-MAR 2025 100-25-299-51100-12410 3,435.14$ 250005 02/13/2025 HELEN HERNANDEZ SUPPLIES FOR ARC 100-60-680-53100-00000 121.24$ 250000 02/13/2025 FEDERAL EXPRESS CORP DELIVERED MDC TO VENDOR-1/6/2025 100-30-310-53370-00000 214.60$ 250001 02/13/2025 FRONTIER COMMUNICATIONS ACT#0317985-PD PHONE-1/28-2/27/2025 100-30-340-53403-00000 217.27$ 250002 02/13/2025 FRONTIER COMMUNICATIONS ACT#923225-INTERNET-S. 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AmountPayment Number Payment Date Vendor Name Description (Item) Account Number 250045 02/13/2025 VAL VERDE UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT HOLIDAY PARADE BAND SWEEPSTAKES WINNER 12/7/2024 210-60-610-51101-16148 4,000.00$ 250044 02/13/2025 ULTIMATE ATTRACTIONS LLC REMAINING BALANCE FOR SUMMER SPLASH PARTY 100-60-610-51101-00000 100.00$ 250044 02/13/2025 ULTIMATE ATTRACTIONS LLC REMAINING BALANCE FOR SUMMER SPLASH PARTY 100-60-610-51101-00000 817.00$ 250044 02/13/2025 ULTIMATE ATTRACTIONS LLC REMAINING BALANCE FOR SUMMER SPLASH PARTY 100-60-610-51101-00000 795.70$ 250042 02/13/2025 TK ELEVATOR CORPORATION ELEVATOR SERVICE & MAINTENANCE 2/1/2025-4/30/2025 100-60-620-51101-00000 130.53$ 250042 02/13/2025 TK ELEVATOR CORPORATION ELEVATOR SERVICE & MAINTENANCE 2/1/2025-4/30/2025 100-60-620-51101-00000 1,651.58$ 250043 02/13/2025 TUFF KIDZ W. C. 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ADDITIONAL LICENSES OFFICE 365: FEB 2025-OCT 2025 401-10-140-53379-00000 1,019.52$ 250035 02/13/2025 PLANET TECHNOLOGIES, INC. ADDITIONAL LICENSES OFFICE 365: MAR 2025-OCT 2025 401-10-140-53379-00000 59.20$ 250036 02/13/2025 RICHARD SOONG BUSINESS CARD FOR EMPLOYEE WITH NEW EMAIL ADDRESS 100-40-460-53100-00000 62.50$ 250033 02/13/2025 ODP BUSINESS SOLUTIONS, LLC CENTRAL STORES SUPPLIES 401-10-141-53100-11504 94.91$ 250033 02/13/2025 ODP BUSINESS SOLUTIONS, LLC CENTRAL STORES SUPPLIES 401-10-141-53100-11504 149.38$ 250034 02/13/2025 PALICON GROUP BACKGROUND FOR APPLICANT 100-30-310-51100-00000 2,000.00$ 250033 02/13/2025 ODP BUSINESS SOLUTIONS, LLC CITY CLERK SUPPLIES 100-10-120-53100-00000 45.74$ 250033 02/13/2025 ODP BUSINESS SOLUTIONS, LLC MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR POLICE DEPARTMENT 100-30-360-53100-00000 123.16$ 250033 02/13/2025 ODP BUSINESS SOLUTIONS, LLC MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR POLICE DEPARTMENT 100-30-360-53100-00000 54.99$ 250033 02/13/2025 ODP BUSINESS SOLUTIONS, LLC CITY WIDE TONERS 401-10-141-53100-11504 108.82$ 250033 02/13/2025 ODP BUSINESS SOLUTIONS, LLC CITY CLERK SUPPLIES 100-10-120-53100-00000 10.66$ 250033 02/13/2025 ODP BUSINESS SOLUTIONS, LLC CITY CLERK SUPPLIES 100-10-120-53100-00000 8.58$ 250031 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-HELMETS&FLASHLIGHT FOR WINDSTORM 1/7/25 100-50-551-53100-60002 523.58$ 250031 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-HELMETS&FLASHLIGHT FOR WINDSTORM 1/7/25 100-50-551-53100-60002 1,543.28$ 250032 02/13/2025 NEW CHEF FASHION, INC. CITY POLO SHIRTS 100-10-150-53370-11123 2,408.41$ 250030 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23270-MATERIALS&SUPPLIES FOR RECREATION 100-60-680-53100-00000 88.16$ 250030 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23270-MATERIALS&SUPPLIES FOR RECREATION 501-60-000-22328-00000 252.47$ 250030 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23270-MATERIALS&SUPPLIES FOR RECREATION 501-60-000-22328-00000 307.52$ 250030 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23270-MATERIALS&SUPPLIES FOR RECREATION 100-60-610-53100-16150 189.06$ 250030 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23270-MATERIALS&SUPPLIES FOR RECREATION 100-60-610-53100-16150 185.00$ 250030 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23270-MATERIALS&SUPPLIES FOR RECREATION 100-60-610-53100-16150 193.75$ 250029 02/13/2025 ALMA ROSA CARBAJAL MENDOZA RENTAL DEPOSIT REFUND&CANCELLATION-1/17/2024 501-60-000-22333-00000 300.00$ 250030 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23270-MATERIALS&SUPPLIES FOR RECREATION 501-60-000-22328-00000 297.64$ 250030 02/13/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23270-REMAINING BALANCE-SUPPLIES FOR RECREATION 100-60-610-53100-00000 49.58$ 250028 02/13/2025 VALLEY COUNTY WATER DIST WATER-2898400-TRANS CTR-3875 BOGART 12/18-1/17/25 254-60-620-53402-15882 134.29$ 250028 02/13/2025 VALLEY COUNTY WATER DIST WATER-MULTI-TRANSIT CENTER 12/20-1/22/25 254-60-620-53402-15882 423.39$ 250029 02/13/2025 ALMA ROSA CARBAJAL MENDOZA RENTAL DEPOSIT REFUND&CANCELLATION-1/17/2024 100-60-000-45601-00000 700.00$ 250028 02/13/2025 VALLEY COUNTY WATER DIST WATER-MULTI-CITY BUILDINGS 12/20-1/22/25 100-60-620-53402-00000 416.70$ 250028 02/13/2025 VALLEY COUNTY WATER DIST WATER-MULTI-CITY PARKS 12/17-1/16/25 252-60-620-53402-00000 1,815.59$ 250028 02/13/2025 VALLEY COUNTY WATER DIST WATER-MULTI-CITY PARKS 12/17-1/16/25 252-60-620-53402-00000 375.50$ 250027 02/13/2025 TRIPEPI,SMITH AND ASSOCIATES, INC PROGRAMMING AND COMMUNITY OUTREACH JAN.2025 270-50-520-58100-15093 1,689.71$ 250028 02/13/2025 VALLEY COUNTY WATER DIST WATER-MULTI-CITY BUILDINGS 12/17-1/16/25 100-60-620-53402-00000 210.82$ 250028 02/13/2025 VALLEY COUNTY WATER DIST WATER-MULTI-CITY BUILDINGS 12/18-1/17/25 100-60-620-53402-00000 3,252.53$ 250027 02/13/2025 TRIPEPI,SMITH AND ASSOCIATES, INC PROGRAMMING AND COMMUNITY OUTREACH AUG.2025 270-50-520-58100-15093 4,888.75$ 250027 02/13/2025 TRIPEPI,SMITH AND ASSOCIATES, INC COMMUNICATION AND SOCIAL MEDIA SERVICES NOV. 2024 230-10-110-51100-11402 5,304.75$ 250027 02/13/2025 TRIPEPI,SMITH AND ASSOCIATES, INC COMMUNICATION AND SOCIAL MEDIA SERVICES JAN.2025 230-10-110-51100-11402 1,108.00$ 250025 02/13/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS CO GAS-69161-S. HOMES-13167 GARVEY 12/30-1/28/25 100-60-620-53400-55003 104.64$ 250026 02/13/2025 TAIT & ASSOCIATES INC ARCHITECHTURAL & ENGINEERING SERVICES -10/31/2024 275-50-765-58100-55016 31,257.50$ 250027 02/13/2025 TRIPEPI,SMITH AND ASSOCIATES, INC PROGRAMMING AND COMMUNITY OUTREACH JULY 2025 270-50-520-58100-15093 632.50$ 250025 02/13/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS CO GAS-MULTI-CITY BUILDINGS 12/31-1/29/25 100-60-620-53400-00000 5,081.80$ 250025 02/13/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS CO GAS-31292-CITY PARKS-1209 VINELAND 12/23-1/23/25 252-60-620-53400-00000 21.13$ 250025 02/13/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS CO GAS-41005-CITY PARKS-14255 RAMONA 12/27-1/27/25 252-60-620-53400-00000 4,120.95$ 250025 02/13/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS CO GAS-36006-CITY BLDG-14305 MORGAN 12/27-1/27/25 100-60-620-53400-00000 189.49$ 250025 02/13/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS CO GAS-69003-CITY BLDG-13135 GARVEY 12/30-1/28/25 100-60-620-53400-00000 333.77$

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AmountPayment Number Payment Date Vendor Name Description (Item) Account Number 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR TREE DIVISION 240-50-561-53100-00000 13.19$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT SPECIALIZED SPRAY PAINTS AND COLORED PAINTS 254-50-570-53100-14885 270.28$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR TRAFFIC MAINTENANCE 240-50-550-53100-15705 30.18$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR STREET MAINTENANCE 240-50-551-53100-15705 33.01$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR TRAFFIC MAINTENANCE 240-50-550-53100-15705 6.58$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR TRAFFIC MAINTENANCE 240-50-550-53100-15705 49.55$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR PARK LANDSCAPE 251-50-571-53100-00000 9.08$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR PARK LANDSCAPE 251-50-571-53100-00000 131.20$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR TREE DIVISION 240-50-561-53100-00000 61.61$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT SPECIALIZED SPRAY PAINTS AND COLORED PAINTS 254-50-570-53100-14885 117.27$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR STREET MAINTENANCE 251-50-551-53100-00000 1,208.34$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR TRAFFIC MAINTENANCE 240-50-550-53100-15705 125.55$ 250069 02/20/2025 GREG RUVOLO TOILET RENTAL-STATION CENTER&OLIVE-1/1/25-1/1/26 240-50-551-53391-15705 2,342.00$ 250070 02/20/2025 HELEN HERNANDEZ SUPPLIES FOR ARC 100-60-680-53100-00000 56.16$ 250070 02/20/2025 HELEN HERNANDEZ SUPPLIES FOR ZOCALO PARK 110-60-685-53100-00000 226.40$ 250069 02/20/2025 GREG RUVOLO REPAIRS&REPLACE MISSING FENCE AT METROLINK STATION 245-50-560-53371-15537 1,384.00$ 250069 02/20/2025 GREG RUVOLO CANOPY TENT FOR HOLIDAY LUNCHEON@WALNUT CREEK 245-50-560-53391-15705 1,200.00$ 250069 02/20/2025 GREG RUVOLO MAINTENANCE&REPAIRS TO THE PUMP STATION (FENCE) 254-50-551-53371-15705 2,470.00$ 250068 02/20/2025 GRAINGER, INC. MATERIALS&SUPPLIES - STOCK FOR FLEET AND POLICE 402-50-591-53100-00000 140.72$ 250068 02/20/2025 GRAINGER, INC. MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR BLDG MAINT 100-60-620-53100-00000 902.05$ 250067 02/20/2025 GGCG INC. 1/4 CLEAR TEMPERED GLASS AT THE COMMUNITY CENTER 100-60-620-53100-00000 301.66$ 250067 02/20/2025 GGCG INC. 1/4 CLEAR TEMPERED GLASS AT THE COMMUNITY CENTER 252-60-620-53100-00000 301.65$ 250068 02/20/2025 GRAINGER, INC. MATERIALS&SUPPLIES - STOCK FOR FLEET AND POLICE 402-50-590-53100-00000 140.72$ 250064 02/20/2025 FM BODY & CLASSIC RESTORATION, INC VIPER PLASTIC DRESSING-PW 402-50-590-53371-00000 99.19$ 250065 02/20/2025 FRANCHISE TAX BOARD PAYROLL DEDUCTION-ACT#31222 100-00-000-21225-00000 200.00$ 250066 02/20/2025 FUN EXPRESS, LLC SUPPLIES FOR SENIOR CENTER LUNAR NEW YEAR 100-60-630-53100-00000 142.04$ 250062 02/20/2025 ERI JUANN WONG ARPA REIM-REGIST-BASIC-12/9-12/13/2024 275-60-734-53370-16077 65.00$ 250062 02/20/2025 ERI JUANN WONG ARPA REIM-REGIST-BASIC-1/6-1/17/2025 275-60-734-53370-16077 130.00$ 250063 02/20/2025 EWING IRRIGATION, INC. MATERIALS&SUPPLIES FOR IRRIGATION 251-50-562-53100-00000 627.50$ 250061 02/20/2025 EMILY OLIVARES ARPA REIM-REGIST-BASIC-11/18-12/20/2024 275-60-734-53370-16077 260.00$ 250061 02/20/2025 EMILY OLIVARES ARPA REIM-REGIST-BASIC-10/7-10/11/2024 275-60-734-53370-16077 65.00$ 250062 02/20/2025 ERI JUANN WONG ARPA REIM-REGIST-BASIC-11/4-12/6/2024 275-60-734-53370-16077 247.00$ 250060 02/20/2025 CINTAS FIRST AID & SAFETY SUPPLIED THE FIRST AID KIT IN CITY YARD&MECHANIC 254-50-550-53100-15705 152.87$ 250060 02/20/2025 CINTAS FIRST AID & SAFETY SUPPLIED THE FIRST AID KIT IN CITY YARD&MECHANIC 402-50-590-53100-00000 152.88$ 250061 02/20/2025 EMILY OLIVARES ARPA REIM-REGIST-BASIC-10/21-11/8/2024 275-60-734-53370-16077 195.00$ 250058 02/20/2025 CAL BLEND SOILS INC BULK LANDSCAPE PRODUCTS 251-50-560-53100-00000 473.52$ 250059 02/20/2025 CHICAS GRAPHICS AND DESIGN NO PARKING SIGNS FOR TREE DIVISIONS 240-50-561-53100-00000 413.44$ 250059 02/20/2025 CHICAS GRAPHICS AND DESIGN DOOR HANGERS ORANGE-BULKY ITEM 251-50-551-53100-00000 1,433.25$ 250056 02/20/2025 BLACK & WHITE EMERGENCY VEHICLES, LLC CHARGER'S UPGRADES 402-50-591-53371-00000 2,011.27$ 250056 02/20/2025 BLACK & WHITE EMERGENCY VEHICLES, LLC REPAIRS- FULL STRIP OF EMER. EQUIP. TO UNIT 25 402-50-591-53371-00000 800.00$ 250057 02/20/2025 BSN SPORTS EQUIPMENT&SUPPLIES FOR YOUTH SPORTS 501-60-000-22326-00000 837.96$ 250054 02/20/2025 BALDWIN PARK INVESTMENTS, INC. NOV 2024-CARWASH FOR ALL CITY&POLICE VEHICLES 402-50-590-51101-00000 367.50$ 250054 02/20/2025 BALDWIN PARK INVESTMENTS, INC. NOV 2024-CARWASH FOR ALL CITY&POLICE VEHICLES 402-50-591-51101-00000 367.50$ 250055 02/20/2025 BILL WRIGHT'S PAINT SPECIALIZED SPRAY PAINTS AND COLORED PAINTS 254-50-570-53100-14885 835.97$ 250054 02/20/2025 BALDWIN PARK INVESTMENTS, INC. DEC 2024-CARWASH FOR ALL CITY&POLICE VEHICLES 402-50-591-51101-00000 429.00$ 250054 02/20/2025 BALDWIN PARK INVESTMENTS, INC. JAN 2025-CARWASH FOR ALL CITY&POLICE VEHICLES 402-50-590-51101-00000 357.50$ 250054 02/20/2025 BALDWIN PARK INVESTMENTS, INC. JAN 2025-CARWASH FOR ALL CITY&POLICE VEHICLES 402-50-591-51101-00000 357.50$ 250053 02/20/2025 AZUSA WHOLESALE PLUMBING SUPPLY, INC PLUMBING SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 604.50$ 250053 02/20/2025 AZUSA WHOLESALE PLUMBING SUPPLY, INC PLUMBING SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 (426.34)$ 250054 02/20/2025 BALDWIN PARK INVESTMENTS, INC. DEC 2024-CARWASH FOR ALL CITY&POLICE VEHICLES 402-50-590-51101-00000 429.00$ 250052 02/20/2025 AUTOMATION SOLUTIONS, INC. ELECTRICAL REPAIRS & MAINTENANCE 1/30/25 100-60-620-53371-00000 2,730.75$ 250052 02/20/2025 AUTOMATION SOLUTIONS, INC. ELECTRICAL REPAIRS & MAINTENANCE 1/21/2025 100-60-620-53371-00000 856.20$ 250052 02/20/2025 AUTOMATION SOLUTIONS, INC. ELECTRICAL REPAIRS & MAINTENANCE 1/23/25 100-60-620-53371-00000 1,212.13$ 250049 02/20/2025 AMAZON GRAPHICS, INC SILKSCREEN-IMPRINT CITY LOGO ON SOFTSHELL JACKETS 254-50-581-51101-00000 130.93$ 250050 02/20/2025 APN LANDSCAPING INC PLANTING LABOR&DRIP INSTALLATION @ ZOCALO PARK 240-50-560-51101-00000 4,950.00$ 250051 02/20/2025 ARMANDO NAVA SUPPLIES FOR SERENITY HOMES 501-60-000-22328-00000 31.41$ 250049 02/20/2025 AMAZON GRAPHICS, INC SILKSCREEN-IMPRINT CITY LOGO ON SOFTSHELL JACKETS 240-50-560-51101-00000 130.92$ 250049 02/20/2025 AMAZON GRAPHICS, INC SILKSCREEN-IMPRINT CITY LOGO ON SOFTSHELL JACKETS 245-50-561-51101-00000 130.92$ 250049 02/20/2025 AMAZON GRAPHICS, INC SILKSCREEN-IMPRINT CITY LOGO ON SOFTSHELL JACKETS 251-50-551-51101-15510 130.92$ 250047 02/20/2025 ABSOLUTE SECURITY INTERNATIONAL CORP SECURITY SRVC-ZOCALO PARK-SENIOR CENTER&WINTERFEST 210-60-610-51101-16148 264.00$ 250047 02/20/2025 ABSOLUTE SECURITY INTERNATIONAL CORP SECURITY SRVC-ZOCALO PARK-SENIOR CENTER&WINTERFEST 501-60-000-22328-00000 396.00$ 250048 02/20/2025 AIR EFFICIENCY SERVICES ANDREW DIAZ MAINTENANCE & REPAIRS FOR ICE MACHINE 2/7/25 100-60-620-53371-00000 1,791.00$ 250046 02/13/2025 WILLDAN ENGINEERING SOIL & MATERIAL TESTINGV@ZOCALO PARK 7/23 &7/24/25 258-50-520-58100-55022 550.00$ 250047 02/20/2025 ABSOLUTE SECURITY INTERNATIONAL CORP SECURITY SRVC-ZOCALO PARK-SENIOR CENTER&WINTERFEST 110-60-685-51101-00000 396.00$

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AmountPayment Number Payment Date Vendor Name Description (Item) Account Number 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-PUENTE PUMPHOUSE-PUENTE/SB FWY 12/26-1/26/25 240-50-551-53401-15705 67.25$ 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-ST LIGHT-14006 1/2 LOS ANGELES 1/9-2/6/25 251-50-530-53401-00000 76.98$ 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-CB-PUBLIC BLDGS-14403 PACIFIC 12/26-1/26/25 100-60-620-53401-00000 20,149.01$ 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-SPRINKLERS-14403 PACIFIC 12/26-1/26/25 251-50-560-53401-00000 386.83$ 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-CB-AUDITORIUM-14403 PACIFIC 1/8-2/5/25 100-60-620-53401-00000 1,349.91$ 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-TRAF SIGNALS-14204 OHIO 1/8-2/5/25 251-50-530-53401-00000 96.14$ 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-TRAF SIGNALS-14104 LOS ANGELES 1/9-2/6/25 251-50-530-53401-00000 88.53$ 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-TRANSIT CENTER-3821 BOGART A 1/9-2/6/25 254-60-620-53401-15882 5,230.34$ 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-CNG-14747 1/2 RAMONA 1/9-2/6/25 100-60-620-53401-00000 7,311.28$ 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-ST LIGHT-14352 1/2 OHIO 1/8-2/5/25 251-50-530-53401-00000 74.53$ 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-METROLINK-3877 DOWNING 12/26-1/26/25 245-50-530-53401-15535 225.84$ 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-ST LIGHT-13911 1/2 LOS ANGELES 1/9-2/6/25 251-50-530-53401-00000 73.05$ 250094 02/20/2025 RAILPROS, INC. CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT & INSPECTION 1/1-1/31/2025 255-50-520-58100-15550 5,833.42$ 250095 02/20/2025 RAQUEL M. CERVANTES CASE# RID 1202591- NOE CERVANTES 100-00-000-21225-00000 115.39$ 250096 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON ELEC-ST LIGHT-14403 PACIFIC-1/1-1/31/25 251-50-530-53401-00000 50,262.65$ 250091 02/20/2025 MIDWEST MOTOR SUPPLY MISCELLANEOUS SUPPLIES FOR FLEET SERVICES 402-50-591-53100-00000 131.13$ 250092 02/20/2025 MILLER'S & ISHAMS FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FIRE EXTINGUISER ANNUAL SRVC AT CITY YARD 100-60-620-53371-00000 468.83$ 250093 02/20/2025 NATURE OUTFITTERS, LLC 2/EA DYNO CLIMB AUTO BELAY 100-60-620-53100-00000 5,081.65$ 250090 02/20/2025 MICHAEL JOSEPH PORRETTA MATERIAL&SUPPLIES-HOOD&TAILGATE PROP 402-50-590-53100-00000 1,231.72$ 250090 02/20/2025 MICHAEL JOSEPH PORRETTA MATERIAL&SUPPLIES-HOOD&TAILGATE PROP 402-50-591-53100-00000 1,231.71$ 250091 02/20/2025 MIDWEST MOTOR SUPPLY MISCELLANEOUS SUPPLIES FOR FLEET SERVICES 402-50-590-53100-00000 131.13$ 250090 02/20/2025 MICHAEL JOSEPH PORRETTA DIAGNOSTIC SCANNER FOR NEW-NON HYBRID&ELE. VEHICLE 402-50-590-51100-00000 1,219.89$ 250090 02/20/2025 MICHAEL JOSEPH PORRETTA DIAGNOSTIC SCANNER FOR NEW-NON HYBRID&ELE. VEHICLE 402-50-591-51100-00000 1,219.89$ 250090 02/20/2025 MICHAEL JOSEPH PORRETTA MATERIAL&SUPPLIES-48 PCS TAP/DIE SET 402-50-590-53100-00000 103.36$ 250090 02/20/2025 MICHAEL JOSEPH PORRETTA MATERIAL&SUPPLIES-48 PCS TAP/DIE SET 402-50-591-53100-00000 103.36$ 250089 02/20/2025 MERRIMAC ENERGY GROUP CLEAR CARB DIESEL, 3,494 GALLONS 402-50-591-53110-16140 5,894.15$ 250089 02/20/2025 MERRIMAC ENERGY GROUP RED RENEWABLE DIESEL, 1,497 GALLONS 402-50-590-53110-16140 3,944.49$ 250089 02/20/2025 MERRIMAC ENERGY GROUP RED RENEWABLE DIESEL, 1,497 GALLONS 402-50-591-53110-16140 2,629.66$ 250088 02/20/2025 MARVIN GOMEZ ARPA REIM-REGIST-BASIC-12/2-12/6/2024 275-60-734-53370-16077 65.00$ 250088 02/20/2025 MARVIN GOMEZ ARPA REIM-REGIST-BASIC-8/19-8/23/2024 275-60-734-53370-16077 65.00$ 250089 02/20/2025 MERRIMAC ENERGY GROUP CLEAR CARB DIESEL, 3,494 GALLONS 402-50-590-53110-16140 8,841.24$ 250086 02/20/2025 MARIA ESTER ALBINO ARPA REIM-REGIST-BASIC-1/6-1/17/2025 275-60-734-53370-16077 250.00$ 250087 02/20/2025 MARIPOSA LANDSCAPES INC. JAN 2025-LANDSCAPE MAINTENANCE FOR CITY 251-50-560-51100-00000 8,749.99$ 250088 02/20/2025 MARVIN GOMEZ ARPA REIM-REGIST-BASIC-11/4-11/15/2024 275-60-734-53370-16077 117.00$ 250085 02/20/2025 MARCO INDUSTRIES, INC REPAIRS TO THE STREET SWEEPER 402-50-590-53371-00000 1,361.14$ 250085 02/20/2025 MARCO INDUSTRIES, INC REPAIRS AND WARRANTY REPAIRS (INCLUDING PARTS) 402-50-590-53371-00000 681.84$ 250086 02/20/2025 MARIA ESTER ALBINO ARPA REIM-REGIST-BASIC-12/9-12/20/2024 275-60-734-53370-16077 190.00$ 250082 02/20/2025 LAW OFFICES OF JULIA SYLVA, A LAW CORPORATION JAN 2025-COMMERCIAL CANNABIS MATTER 237-40-131-51102-14070 1,063.80$ 250083 02/20/2025 LEAGUE OF CALIFORNIA CITIES MEMBERSHIP DUES FOR THE CITY OF BP FOR CY 2025 100-25-299-53330-00000 23,943.00$ 250084 02/20/2025 LEE'S BATTERY AND AUTO PARTS BATTERIES FOR TRAFFIC SIGNAL LIGHTS 245-50-550-53100-15622 319.72$ 250080 02/20/2025 JUAN CHAVEZ PLANTS AND TREES FOR LANDSCAPED AREAS 251-50-560-53100-00000 2,002.19$ 250081 02/20/2025 JUST REWARDS GIFT CARDS FOR EMPLOYEE TRANSPORTATION 231-50-540-53120-00000 111.50$ 250082 02/20/2025 LAW OFFICES OF JULIA SYLVA, A LAW CORPORATION JAN 2025-COMMERCIAL CANNABIS MATTER 237-40-131-51102-14070 206.00$ 250077 02/20/2025 J.P. ENGINES INC. REPAIRS TO UNIT CNG-1/31/2025 402-50-590-53371-00000 220.57$ 250078 02/20/2025 JOCELYN BADILLO SUPPLIES FOR SENIOR CENTER LUNAR NEW YEAR CELEB. 100-60-630-53100-00000 105.27$ 250079 02/20/2025 JUAN CHAVEZ IRRIGATION REPAIRS-TEEN CENTER&SKATE PARK 245-50-562-53371-15537 2,280.00$ 250076 02/20/2025 INTERSTATE BATTERIES BATTERIES FOR POLICE VEHICLES & EQUIPMENT 402-50-591-53100-00000 253.92$ 250076 02/20/2025 INTERSTATE BATTERIES BATTERIES FOR CITY VEHICLES & EQUIPMENT 402-50-590-53100-00000 75.76$ 250076 02/20/2025 INTERSTATE BATTERIES BATTERIES FOR POLICE VEHICLES & EQUIPMENT 402-50-591-53100-00000 75.76$ 250076 02/20/2025 INTERSTATE BATTERIES BATTERIES FOR CITY VEHICLES & EQUIPMENT 402-50-590-53100-00000 75.76$ 250076 02/20/2025 INTERSTATE BATTERIES BATTERIES FOR POLICE VEHICLES & EQUIPMENT 402-50-591-53100-00000 75.76$ 250076 02/20/2025 INTERSTATE BATTERIES BATTERIES FOR CITY VEHICLES & EQUIPMENT 402-50-590-53100-00000 253.93$ 250074 02/20/2025 IMSA 2025 MEMBERSHIP DUES-G. RODRIGUEZ 240-50-550-53330-15705 100.00$ 250074 02/20/2025 IMSA 2025 MEMBERSHIP DUES-R. ESQUIVEL 240-50-550-53330-15705 100.00$ 250075 02/20/2025 INLAND EMPIRE STAGES, LTD TRANSPORTATION-IRVINE SPECTRUM&ANAHEM PACKING-4/15 275-60-726-51101-16074 2,173.50$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR STREET MAINTENANCE 240-50-551-53100-15705 48.75$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR STREET MAINTENANCE 240-50-551-53100-15705 86.59$ 250073 02/20/2025 HOSE-MAN INC HOSES FOR THE STREET SWEEPER 246-50-552-53100-15005 131.51$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR STREET MAINTENANCE 240-50-551-53100-00000 (65.65)$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR PARK LANDSCAPE 251-50-571-53100-00000 267.18$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR STREET MAINTENANCE 240-50-551-53100-15705 11.66$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR PARK LANDSCAPE 251-50-571-53100-00000 65.75$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR PARK LANDSCAPE 251-50-571-53100-00000 14.58$ 250071 02/20/2025 HOME DEPOT A#23247-SUPPLIES FOR PARK LANDSCAPE 251-50-571-53100-00000 7.84$

Page 6 of 8 ends

AmountPayment Number Payment Date Vendor Name Description (Item) Account Number 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR ZOCALO PARK 110-60-685-53100-00000 125.04$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR SENIOR CENTER 100-60-630-53100-00000 73.48$ 250121 02/20/2025 SHOETERIA INC BOOTS FOR PUBLIC WORK EMPLOYEE 240-50-560-50119-00000 150.00$ 250121 02/20/2025 SHOETERIA INC BOOTS FOR PUBLIC WORK EMPLOYEE 240-50-560-50119-15705 30.00$ 250121 02/20/2025 SHOETERIA INC BOOTS FOR PUBLIC WORK EMPLOYEE 251-50-560-50119-00000 120.00$ 250120 02/20/2025 SHARPLINE SOLUTIONS, INC. MATERIALS & SUPPLIES -OMEGA POST, MOUNT BASE 245-50-550-53100-15622 2,755.98$ 250121 02/20/2025 SHOETERIA INC BOOTS FOR PUBLIC WORK EMPLOYEE 251-50-562-50119-00000 270.00$ 250121 02/20/2025 SHOETERIA INC BOOTS FOR PUBLIC WORK EMPLOYEE 255-50-562-50119-15705 30.00$ 250117 02/20/2025 REYNOLDS MOTOR CORP. MATERIAL & SUPPLIES FOR UNIT#5031 402-50-590-53100-00000 209.87$ 250118 02/20/2025 S&S WORLDWIDE, INC MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR ZOCALO PARK 110-60-685-53100-00000 1,095.37$ 250119 02/20/2025 SECTRAN SECURITY INC. SECTRAN SERVICE CASH TRANSFER TO LOOMIS FEB 2025 100-25-299-53370-12404 472.08$ 250115 02/20/2025 QUINN COMPANY MAINTENANCE & REPAIRS GENERATOR CITY YARD 12/16/24 100-60-620-53371-00000 967.50$ 250116 02/20/2025 RED WING BRANDS OF AMERICA INC BOOTS FOR EMPLOYEE (995-1-121929) 402-50-590-50119-00000 150.00$ 250116 02/20/2025 RED WING BRANDS OF AMERICA INC BOOTS FOR EMPLOYEE (995-1-121929) 402-50-591-50119-00000 149.95$ 250114 02/20/2025 PAINT BODY VINYL & GRAPHICS, INC. DODGE CHARGER SPOT GRAPHICS ON UNIT# 34 402-50-591-51101-00000 608.16$ 250115 02/20/2025 QUINN COMPANY MAINTENANCE & REPAIRS GENERATOR CITY HALL 12/16/24 100-60-620-53371-00000 967.50$ 250115 02/20/2025 QUINN COMPANY MAINTENANCE & REPAIRS GENERATOR CITY YARD 12/16/24 100-60-620-53371-00000 967.50$ 250112 02/20/2025 ODP BUSINESS SOLUTIONS, LLC OFFICE SUPPLIES FOR ENGINEERING DIVISION 240-50-510-53100-00000 142.34$ 250113 02/20/2025 OMEGA INDUSTRIAL SUPPLY INC MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR REMOVAL OF GRAFFITI 245-50-570-53100-14885 515.62$ 250114 02/20/2025 PAINT BODY VINYL & GRAPHICS, INC. DODGE CHARGER SPOT GRAPHICS ON UNIT# 28 402-50-591-51101-00000 608.16$ 250111 02/20/2025 NICHOLS LUMBER & HARDWARE MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 198.32$ 250111 02/20/2025 NICHOLS LUMBER & HARDWARE MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR TREE MAINTENANCE 240-50-561-53100-00000 33.44$ 250111 02/20/2025 NICHOLS LUMBER & HARDWARE MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR TREE MAINTENANCE 240-50-561-53100-00000 13.22$ 250111 02/20/2025 NICHOLS LUMBER & HARDWARE MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR PARK MAINTENANCE 251-50-571-53100-00000 28.59$ 250111 02/20/2025 NICHOLS LUMBER & HARDWARE MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR TREE MAINTENANCE 240-50-561-53100-00000 220.35$ 250111 02/20/2025 NICHOLS LUMBER & HARDWARE MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR TRAFFIC DIVISION 254-50-550-53100-15705 61.72$ 250111 02/20/2025 NICHOLS LUMBER & HARDWARE MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR TREE MAINTENANCE 240-50-561-53100-00000 63.87$ 250111 02/20/2025 NICHOLS LUMBER & HARDWARE MATERIALS & SUPPLIES-STEET MAINTENANCE DIVISION 240-50-551-53100-00000 10.57$ 250111 02/20/2025 NICHOLS LUMBER & HARDWARE SUPPLIES FOR MORGAN PARK 100-60-610-53100-00000 26.39$ 250111 02/20/2025 NICHOLS LUMBER & HARDWARE MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR PARK MAINTENANCE 251-50-571-53100-00000 5.06$ 250111 02/20/2025 NICHOLS LUMBER & HARDWARE SUPPLIES FOR MORGAN PARK 100-60-610-53100-00000 5.06$ 250109 02/20/2025 MILLER'S & ISHAMS FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FOR FLEET-8/23/2024 402-50-590-51101-00000 335.15$ 250109 02/20/2025 MILLER'S & ISHAMS FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FOR POLICE VEHICLES-12/5/2024 402-50-591-51101-00000 309.95$ 250110 02/20/2025 NEW CHEF FASHION, INC. CITY POLO SHIRTS 100-10-150-53370-11123 1,805.62$ 250108 02/20/2025 LIEBERT CASSIDY WHITMORE NOV 2024-LEGAL SRVC-BA020-00171 403-10-150-51102-11106 295.00$ 250108 02/20/2025 LIEBERT CASSIDY WHITMORE NOV 2024-LEGAL SRVC-BA020-00172 403-10-150-51102-11106 671.00$ 250108 02/20/2025 LIEBERT CASSIDY WHITMORE NOV 2024-LEGAL SRVC-BA020-00173 403-10-150-51102-11106 335.50$ 250108 02/20/2025 LIEBERT CASSIDY WHITMORE NOV 2024-LEGAL SRVC-BA020-00164 403-10-150-51102-11106 161.00$ 250108 02/20/2025 LIEBERT CASSIDY WHITMORE NOV 2024-LEGAL SRVC-BA020-00167 403-10-150-51102-11106 29.50$ 250108 02/20/2025 LIEBERT CASSIDY WHITMORE NOV 2024-LEGAL SRVC-BA020-00169 403-10-150-51102-11106 880.00$ 250108 02/20/2025 LIEBERT CASSIDY WHITMORE NOV 2024-LEGAL SRVC-BA020-00001 403-10-150-51102-11106 383.50$ 250108 02/20/2025 LIEBERT CASSIDY WHITMORE NOV 2024-LEGAL SRVC-BA020-00159 403-10-150-51102-11106 147.50$ 250108 02/20/2025 LIEBERT CASSIDY WHITMORE NOV 2024-LEGAL SRVC-BA020-00163 403-10-150-51102-11106 2,779.50$ 250105 02/20/2025 GLENDORA GARDENS NURSERY AFRICAN DAISY MIX 251-50-560-53100-00000 3,528.00$ 250106 02/20/2025 GOODWILL INDUSTRIES OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA JAN 2025-NEXTGEN YOUTH EMPLOYMENT W BP CITY 275-25-719-51101-17518 7,440.99$ 250107 02/20/2025 GUADALUPE RODRIGUEZ REIM-HIGH VISIBILITY BUMPER 240-50-561-53100-00000 72.22$ 250104 02/20/2025 AUL HEALTH BENEFIT TRUST 2Q23 ADMINISTRATION FEE 100-10-150-51101-00000 2,940.00$ 250104 02/20/2025 AUL HEALTH BENEFIT TRUST 3Q23 ADMINISTRATION FEE 100-10-150-51101-00000 2,961.00$ 250104 02/20/2025 AUL HEALTH BENEFIT TRUST 1Q24 ADMINISTRATION FEE 100-10-150-51101-00000 3,003.00$ 250102 02/20/2025 PACIFIC PREMIER BANK ESCROW# 20240628-2835-ZUSSER-08RET 12/19-1/21/25 258-00-000-14312-55001 14,209.40$ 250103 02/20/2025 ANTHONY VAZQUEZ REIM-IMSA 2025 MEMBERSHIP DUES 240-50-550-53330-15705 100.00$ 250104 02/20/2025 AUL HEALTH BENEFIT TRUST HRA ADMIN-4Q22 ADMINISTRATION FEE 100-10-150-51101-00000 2,940.00$ 250100 02/20/2025 SOUTHLAND TRANSIT, INC. FAREBOX REVENUE DECEMBER 2024 244-50-000-42151-00000 (3,077.50)$ 250100 02/20/2025 SOUTHLAND TRANSIT, INC. FAREBOX REVENUE DECEMBER 2024 244-50-000-42151-00000 (199.50)$ 250101 02/20/2025 ZUSSER COMPANY, INC. CONSTR. CONTRACT BARNES PARK 08PMT 12/19-1/21/25 258-50-520-58100-55001 269,978.60$ 250100 02/20/2025 SOUTHLAND TRANSIT, INC. SPECIAL TRIPS FOR TRANSIT DECEMBER 2024 244-50-580-51100-15540 1,055.00$ 250100 02/20/2025 SOUTHLAND TRANSIT, INC. FIXED ROUTE SERVICES FOR DECEMBER 2024 244-50-580-51100-15525 110,153.82$ 250100 02/20/2025 SOUTHLAND TRANSIT, INC. DIAL-A-RIDE SERVICES FOR DECEMBER 2024 244-50-580-51100-15520 29,196.49$ 250099 02/20/2025 WASTE MANAGEMENT COLLECTION AND RECYCLING, INCCNG FUEL FOR CITY AND POLICE VEHICLES JAN 2025 402-50-590-53110-16140 765.17$ 250099 02/20/2025 WASTE MANAGEMENT COLLECTION AND RECYCLING, INCCNG FUEL FOR CITY AND POLICE VEHICLES JAN 2025 402-50-591-53110-16140 765.16$ 250100 02/20/2025 SOUTHLAND TRANSIT, INC. SPECIAL TRIPS FOR TRANSIT DECEMBER 2024 100-25-299-53370-00000 211.00$ 250097 02/20/2025 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS CO GAS-72725-CNG STATION-14747 RAMONA 1/1-2/1/25 402-50-590-53110-16140 4,393.54$ 250098 02/20/2025 VERIZON WIRELESS PHONE-870914792-00001-PUBLIC WORKS 12/22-1/21/25 240-50-550-53403-15705 1,000.00$ 250098 02/20/2025 VERIZON WIRELESS PHONE-870914792-00001-PUBLIC WORKS 12/22-1/21/25 240-50-551-53403-15705 697.47$

Page 7 of 8 ends

AmountPayment Number Payment Date Vendor Name Description (Item) Account Number Grand Total: 1,875,923.78$
DFT0010644 02/21/2025 S.E.I.U. LOCAL 721 DUES: FEBRUARY 2025 PP#03-04 100-00-000-21220-00000 90.00$ DFT0010644 02/21/2025 S.E.I.U. LOCAL 721 DUES: FEBRUARY 2025 PP#03-04 100-00-000-21220-00000 1,639.68$ DFT0010644 02/21/2025 S.E.I.U. LOCAL 721 DUES: FEBRUARY 2025 PP#03-04 100-00-000-21220-00000 3.00$ DFT0010638 02/20/2025 INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE SOCIAL SECURITY PAYMENT 100-00-000-21200-00000 8,765.64$ DFT0010639 02/20/2025 INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE MEDICARE PAYMENT 100-00-000-21201-00000 23,461.90$ DFT0010640 02/20/2025 STATE OF CALIFORNIA EMPLOYMENT STATE INCOME TAX PAYMENT 100-00-000-21202-00000 32,477.14$ DFT0010624 02/20/2025 MASSMUTUAL MASS MUTUAL CITY PAID 100-00-000-21257-00000 2,250.00$ DFT0010625 02/20/2025 MASSMUTUAL EMPOWER CITY PAID 100-00-000-21257-00000 1,096.91$ DFT0010637 02/20/2025 INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE FEDERAL INCOME TAX PAYMENT 100-00-000-21203-00000 76,957.46$ DFT0010621 02/20/2025 MASSMUTUAL DEFERRED COMP LOAN REPAYMENT 100-00-000-21231-00000 18.81$ DFT0010622 02/20/2025 MASSMUTUAL DEFERRED COMP LOAN REPAYMENT 100-00-000-21231-00000 51.54$ DFT0010623 02/20/2025 MASSMUTUAL EMPOWER CITY PAID 100-00-000-21257-00000 3,300.00$ DFT0010618 02/20/2025 STATE DISBURSEMENT SDU - CHILD SUPPORT 100-00-000-21225-00000 2,565.52$ DFT0010619 02/20/2025 STATE DISBURSEMENT SDU - CHILD SUPPORT 100-00-000-21225-00000 261.69$ DFT0010620 02/20/2025 MASSMUTUAL DEFERRED COMP LOAN REPAYMENT 100-00-000-21231-00000 414.80$ DFT0010597 02/20/2025 MASSMUTUAL EMPOWER 100-00-000-21232-00000 1,515.00$ DFT0010598 02/20/2025 MASSMUTUAL EMPOWER 100-00-000-21232-00000 1,131.07$ DFT0010599 02/20/2025 AMERICAN FIDELITY ASSURANCE COMPANY FSA - AMERICAN FIDELITY ASSURANCE COMPANY 100-00-000-21216-00000 848.29$ DFT0010483 02/13/2025 PERS-RETIREMENT ROUNDING DIFFERENCE 100-25-299-53370-00000 (0.12)$ DFT0010595 02/20/2025 MASSMUTUAL EMPOWER 100-00-000-21213-00000 12,420.00$ DFT0010596 02/20/2025 MASSMUTUAL EMPOWER RETIREMENT 100-00-000-21213-00000 2,817.12$ DFT0010461 02/13/2025 PERS-RETIREMENT PT PERS MISC CITY PAID 100-00-000-21256-00000 427.20$ DFT0010462 02/13/2025 PERS-RETIREMENT PERS MISC CITY PAID 100-00-000-21256-00000 22,274.69$ DFT0010463 02/13/2025 PERS-RETIREMENT PERS MISC CITY PAID - PEPRA 100-00-000-21256-00000 19,300.92$ DFT0010439 02/13/2025 PERS-RETIREMENT PERS MISC 352 100-00-000-21206-00000 12,144.07$ DFT0010459 02/13/2025 PERS-RETIREMENT PERS SWORN CITY PAID - PEPRA 100-00-000-21256-00000 23,838.61$ DFT0010460 02/13/2025 PERS-RETIREMENT PERS SWORN ER REG PAY 100-00-000-21256-00000 23,913.44$ DFT0010437 02/13/2025 PERS-RETIREMENT PERS MISC 350 100-00-000-21206-00000 15,236.16$ DFT0010438 02/13/2025 PERS-RETIREMENT PERS SWORN 351 100-00-000-21206-00000 7,877.78$ DFT0010435 02/13/2025 PERS-RETIREMENT PERS REDEPOSIT 100-00-000-21206-00000 21.78$ DFT0010436 02/13/2025 PERS-RETIREMENT PERS SWORN- 344 100-00-000-21206-00000 23,821.25$ 250128 02/20/2025 WALTERS WHOLESALE ELECTRIC CO. MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR BUILIDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 78.87$ 250128 02/20/2025 WALTERS WHOLESALE ELECTRIC CO. MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR BUILIDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 78.86$ DFT0010434 02/13/2025 PERS-RETIREMENT PERS SURVIVOR RETIREMENT 100-00-000-21207-00000 182.28$ 250128 02/20/2025 WALTERS WHOLESALE ELECTRIC CO. MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR BUILIDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 431.60$ 250128 02/20/2025 WALTERS WHOLESALE ELECTRIC CO. MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR BUILIDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 277.83$ 250128 02/20/2025 WALTERS WHOLESALE ELECTRIC CO. MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR BUILIDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 277.83$ 250128 02/20/2025 WALTERS WHOLESALE ELECTRIC CO. MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR BUILIDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 95.53$ 250128 02/20/2025 WALTERS WHOLESALE ELECTRIC CO. MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR BUILIDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 95.53$ 250128 02/20/2025 WALTERS WHOLESALE ELECTRIC CO. MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR BUILIDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 431.60$ 250127 02/20/2025 ULINE, INC. SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 96.06$ 250127 02/20/2025 ULINE, INC. SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 192.04$ 250127 02/20/2025 ULINE, INC. SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 252-60-620-53100-00000 192.04$ 250125 02/20/2025 TARGET SPECIALTY PRODUCTS MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES -ARBORJET SHORTSTOP 251-50-560-53100-00000 2,075.34$ 250126 02/20/2025 THE SHREDDERS FIN-DESTRUCTION OF CONFIDENTIAL DOCS JAN.2025 100-20-210-51101-00000 60.50$ 250127 02/20/2025 ULINE, INC. SUPPLIES FOR BUILDING MAINTENANCE 100-60-620-53100-00000 96.06$ 250123 02/20/2025 SOUTHEAST CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS, INC MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR STREET MAINTENANCE CREW 240-50-551-53100-15705 88.37$ 250124 02/20/2025 SPARKLETTS WATER & COFFEE SUPPLIES FOR CITY FACILITIES 100-60-620-53100-00000 590.28$ 250124 02/20/2025 SPARKLETTS WATER & COFFEE SUPPLIES FOR CITY FACILITIES 252-60-620-53100-00000 590.28$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR SENIOR CENTER 100-60-630-53100-00000 64.13$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR TEEN CENTER 100-60-660-53100-00000 121.79$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR ZOCALO PARK 110-60-685-53100-00000 120.50$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES-BASIC VALENTINE CELEBRATION 100-60-650-53100-00000 173.82$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR SENIOR CENTER 100-60-630-53100-00000 18.94$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR SENIOR CENTER 100-60-630-53100-00000 46.08$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR SENIOR CENTER 100-60-630-53100-00000 13.98$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR SENIOR CENTER 100-60-630-53100-00000 52.88$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR SENIOR CENTER 100-60-630-53100-00000 16.29$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR HOMELESS COUNT 100-60-640-53100-00000 148.19$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR ZOCALO PARK 110-60-685-53100-00000 112.83$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR SENIOR CENTER 100-60-630-53100-00000 68.66$ 250122 02/20/2025 SMART & FINAL MATERIALS & SUPPLIES FOR CITY COUNCIL 100-25-299-53100-11405 51.66$

Page 8 of 8 ends

02-19-2025 City Council Special Meeting Minutes

Page 1 of 2 ends

CITY COUNCIL

SPECIAL MEETING
Minutes
February 19, 2025, 5:00 PM

Mayor
Mayor Pro Tem
Councilmember
Councilmember
Councilmember
Alejandra Avila
Daniel Damian
Jean M. Ayala
Emmanuel J. Estrada
Manuel Lozano
These minutes are presented in Agenda order.

CALL TO ORDER

The meeting was called to order at approximately 5:04pm by Mayor Avila.

ROLL CALL

City Clerk Saenz performed roll call:

Council Member Jean M. Ayala (present)
Council Member Emmanuel J. Estrada (present at 5:06pm)
Council Member Manuel Lozano (present)
Mayor Pro Tem Daniel Damian (present)
Mayor Alejandra Avila (present)

PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS

Mayor Avila officially opened Public Communications at approximately 5:04 p.m. After observing no individuals wishing to speak, Public Communications were promptly closed at approximately 5:05 p.m.

OPEN SESSION/STUDY SESSION – None

RECESS CLOSED SESSION – Council recessed to Closed Session at approximately 5:05 p.m.

1. Conference with Legal Counsel – Existing Litigation
Pursuant to paragraph (1) of subdivision (d) of Government Code Section 54956.9:

A. Case: Cetina, Huerta, Jimenez, Parra, Real, and Valdivia v. City of Baldwin Park Los Angeles County Superior Court Case No. 22STCV14121

No Reportable Action

B. Case: Jorge Huerta v. City of Baldwin Park
Los Angeles County Superior Court Case No. 22PSCP00250

No Reportable Action

C. Case: Jorge Huerta v. City of Baldwin Park
Los Angeles County Superior Court Case No. 24PSCP00567

No Reportable Action

02-19-2025 City Council Special Meeting Minutes

Page 2 of 2 ends

D. Case: K8 Investor Holdings, LLC v. City of Baldwin Park, Julia Sylva United States District Court, Central District of California Case No. 2:23 -cv-02428- MPW
Continued to a future meeting.

2. Conference with Legal Counsel – Anticipated Litigation Pursuant to paragraph (2) of subdivision (d) of Government Code Section 54956.9:

Potential Case(s): Four (4)

No Reportable Action

ADJOURNMENT

Mayor Avila adjourned the meeting at approximately 7:07pm.

APPROVED: MARCH 5, 2025

ATTEST:

________________________
Christopher Saenz, City Clerk
Alejandra Avila, Mayor

02-19-2025 City Council, Finance Authority, Housing Authority Meeting Minutes

Page 1 of 6 ends

CITY COUNCIL

REGULAR MEETING
Minutes
February 19, 2025, 7:00 PM

Mayor
Mayor Pro Tem
Councilmember
Councilmember
Councilmember
Alejandra Avila
Daniel Damian
Jean M. Ayala
Emmanuel J. Estrada
Manuel Lozano
These minutes are presented in Agenda order.

CALL TO ORDER

The meeting was called to order at approximately 7:01pm by Mayor Avila.

INVOCATION

The invocation was given by Pastor Flores and Pastor Jackson.

PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE

The Pledge of Allegiance was led by City Clerk Saenz.

ROLL CALL

City Clerk Saenz performed roll call:

Council Member Jean M. Ayala (present)
Council Member Emmanuel J. Estrada (present)
Council Member Manuel Lozano (present)
Mayor Pro Tem Daniel Damian (present)
Mayor Alejandra Avila (present)

REPORT FROM CLOSED SESSION

City Attorney Tabares announced that the City Council met in closed session on items listed on the Special Meeting Agenda, all Council Members were present. On Item #1A, #1B, #1C & #2 updates were given by legal counsel and direction was given by City Council, there is no reportable action. Item #1D was continued to a future meeting.

ANNOUNCEMENTS

The Mayor announced that the City Council are also members of the Board of Directors of the Housing Authority and Finance Authority which are concurrently convening with the City Council this evening and each Council Member is paid an additional stipend of $30 for attending the Housing Authority meeting and $50 for attending the Finance Authority meeting.

PROCLAMATIONS, COMMENDATIONS & PRESENTATIONS

Mayor Avila and the City Council presented a City Plaque for Years of Service to Ron Garcia, Director of Community Development.

Mayor Avila administered the Oath of Office to the newly appointed Police Officers and Dispatchers: Officer Raymond Garcia, Officer Manuel Saenz, Officer Brian Munnerlyn, Officer Michael Cano, Dispatcher Jennifer Scott, Sergeant Mario Alcazar, and Sergeant Chris Rivera.

Chief of Police Lopez introduced the new Police Officers and Dispatchers.

02-19-2025 City Council, Finance Authority, Housing Authority Meeting Minutes

Page 2 of 6 ends

PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS

Mayor Avila opened Public Communications at approximately 7:44 p.m. The following individuals spoke:

1) Irma Morales 2) Jeanette Cardoza 3) Sam Brown 4) Luis Vasquez 5) Jorge Del Real Carlos 6) John Rios

After observing no additional individuals wishing to speak, Public Communications was closed at approximately 8:01 p.m.

CONSENT CALENDAR

1. City of Baldwin Park’s Warrants and Demands
Motion to that the City Council ratify the attached Warrants and Demands Register.

MOTION: It was moved by Alejandra Avila, seconded by Manuel Lozano to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

2. Treasurer’s Report City (CC) – December 2024
Motion to receive and file the Treasurer’s Report for December 2024.

MOTION: It was moved by Alejandra Avila, seconded by Manuel Lozano to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

3. Meeting Minutes of February 5, 2025
It is recommended that the City Council approve the following meeting minutes of the Special City Council Meeting and Regular City Council Meeting held on February 5, 2025.

Item #3 was pulled for a future date.

4. Claim Rejection
Motion to reject the following claim and direct staff to send the appropriate notice of rejection to claimant:
• Silbia Baltierra The claimant alleges bodily injury. • Juan Munoz The claimant alleges property damage.

MOTION: It was moved by Alejandra Avila, seconded by Manuel Lozano to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

5. Approval of Contract Renewal with the LA County Department of Public Health for Health Officer Services and Environmental Health Services on Behalf of the City of Baldwin Park Motion to:

1. Approve the County of Los Angeles Department of Public Health - Public Health Services Contract No. JPH-005594 and authorize the Mayor to sign and execute the contract on behalf of the City.

2. Authorize the CEO to make administrative adjustments as necessary to carry out the decision of the City Council

MOTION: It was moved by Alejandra Avila, seconded by Manuel Lozano to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

02-19-2025 City Council, Finance Authority, Housing Authority Meeting Minutes

Page 3 of 6 ends

6. Release of Request for Proposals (RFP) for the preparation of City pre -approved Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) Plans as required by California Government Code Section 6852.27.

Motion to:

1. Authorize staff to prepare and release a Request for Proposal for an Architect to prepare City owned ADU plans for the development of a City ADU pre -approved plan program in accordance with Government Code 65852.27.

2. Direct Staff to evaluate the proposals and present the recommended proposal to the City Council for consideration.

Item # 6 was pulled for further discussion.

MOTION: It was moved by Daniel Damian, seconded by Jean M Ayala to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

7. Authorization to Establish a Pre -qualification List for On -Call Professional Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), HOME Investment Partnerships Program (HOME), Home American Rescue Plan (HOME -ARP) and Housing Authority Consultant Services and Approval of Professional Services Agreements (PSAs) with Avant Garde and Lorraine Mendez & Associates
Motion to:

1. Approve the two firms to be used for on -call Administrative Consulting Services for three years up to $50,000 annually for each firm until vacancies are filled; and

2. Approve and authorize the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) or his designee to execute Agreements in substantial form, subject to any non-substantive changes made by the CEO and City Attorney.

3. Authorize the Director of Finance to appropriate funding and make the necessary budget adjustments; and

Item #7 was pulled for further discussion.

MOTION: It was moved by Daniel Damian, seconded by Alejandra Avila to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

8. Award Professional Services Agreement with Avant Garde to prepare the City’s five-year 2025- 2029 Consolidated Plan, yearly Action Plan, and an Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Motion to:

1. Award a Professional Services Agreement with Avant Garde (Consultant) to prepare the City’s 2025-2029 Consolidated Plam, yearly Action Plan, and Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing; and

2. Authorize the Chief Executive officer, or designee, to make non -substantive changes as approved by the City Attorney and execute the attached agreement with Avant Garde to provide consulting services in an amount not to exceed $50,589 (includes 10% contingency).

3. Authorize the Director of Finance to appropriate $50,589 from the CDBG Fund #220 and the HOME Fund #221, in accordance with the allowable administrative CAP from program income.

Item #8 was pulled for further discussion.

MOTION: It was moved by Daniel Damian, seconded by Manuel Lozano to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

02-19-2025 City Council, Finance Authority, Housing Authority Meeting Minutes

Page 4 of 6 ends

PUBLIC HEARING

9. Conduct Public Hearing and Introduce First Reading of Ordinance 1516 to Consider Approval of Development Agreement No. 24-01 Between the City of Baldwin Park and Allvision, LLC and the adoption of a Mitigated Negative Declaration (MND) and Mitigation Monit oring and Reporting Plan (MMRP) in conjunction with a request for the construction of a new two -sided digital billboard sign (Location 3100 Baldwin Park Blvd.; Applicant: Allvision, LLC; Case Number: DA 24-01).

Motion to:

1. Introduce for first reading, by title only, Ordinance 1516, entitled, “AN ORDINANCE OF

THE CITY COUNCIL FOR THE CITY OF BALDWIN PARK AUTHORIZING THE CITY

OF BALDWIN PARK TO ENTER INTO A DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT WITH

ALLVISION, LLC FOR THE APPROVAL OF A TWO -SIDED DIGITAL BILLBOAR D LOCATED IN THE RAILROAD RIGHT -OF-WAY ADJACENT TO 3100 BALDWIN

PARK BLVD, WITH THE SPECIFIC LOCATION SHOWN ON THE PLANS ON FILE WITH THE CITY PLANNER”.

Resources Code, §§ 21000 et seq.) (“CEQA”) and the State CEQA Guidelines (Cal. Code Regs, tit. 14, §§ 15000 et seq.) and adopt the ISMND and MMRP for this project.

3. Adopt Resolution CC 2025 -004 approving DA 24 -01: “A RESOLUTION OF THE

PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF BALDWIN PARK RECOMMENDING

THAT THE CITY COUNCIL APPROVE A DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT FOR THE

CONSTRUCTION OF A TWO -SIDED DIGITAL BILLBOARD LOCATED IN THE RAILROAD RIGHT -OF-WAY ADJACENT TO 3100 BALDWIN PARK BLVD, WITH

THE SPECIFIC LOCATION SHOWN ON THE PLANS ON FILE WITH THE CITY PLANNER.

Public Hearing was opened by Mayor Avila at 8:22 p.m.

Public Communications opened at 8:29 PM. After observing no individuals wishing to speak, Public Communications were closed at approximately 8:29 PM.

MOTION: It was moved by Manuel Lozano, seconded by Emmanuel Estrada to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA City Attorney Tabares announced: let the record reflect that #3 is not part of counsel recommendation

10. 2025-2029 Consolidated Plan and FY 25/26 Annual Action Plan Housing and Community Development Needs and Priorities Public Hearing
Motion to receive and file this report along with any comments made by the Mayor and City Council and residents during the public hearing, for inclusion in the Five-Year Consolidated Plan for 2025/26- 2029/30 and Fiscal Year 2025/26 Annual Action Plan.

Public Communications for Item # 10 opened at 8:34 PM. After observing no individuals wishing to speak, Public Communications were closed at approximately 8:34 PM.

MOTION: It was moved by Emmanuel Estrada, seconded by Daniel Damian to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

02-19-2025 City Council, Finance Authority, Housing Authority Meeting Minutes

Page 5 of 6 ends

REPORTS OF OFFICERS

11. Review of Commission Applications and Consideration of Appointments to Fill the Scheduled Vacancy for the Planning Commission
Motion to accept the nomination for Diana Dzib as Planning Commissioner made by Council Member Estrada

MOTION: It was moved by Emmanuel Estrada, seconded by Daniel Damian to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

CITY COUNCIL ACTING AS SUCCESSOR AGENCY OF THE DISSOLVED COMMUNITY

DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION

SA 1. Successor Agency to The Dissolved Community Development Commission of The City of Baldwin Park Warrants and Demands
Motion to ratify the Warrants and Demands Register.

MOTION: It was moved by Daniel Damian, seconded by Emmanuel Estrada to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

SA 2. Treasurer’s Report SA – December 2024
Motion to receive and file the Treasurer’s Report for December 2024.

MOTION: It was moved by Daniel Damian, seconded by Emmanuel Estrada to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

FINANCE AUTHORITY CONSENT CALENDAR

1. Treasurer’s Report FA – December 2024
Motion to receive and file the Treasurer’s Report for December 2024.

MOTION: It was moved by Manuel Lozano, seconded by Jean M Ayala to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

HOUSING AUTHORITY CONSENT CALENDAR

1. Baldwin Park Housing Authority’s Warrants and Demands Motion to ratify the Warrants and Demands Register.

MOTION: It was moved by Jean M Ayala, seconded by Daniel Damian to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

2. Treasurer’s Report HA – December 2024
Motion to receive and file the Treasurer’s Report for December 2024.

MOTION: It was moved by Jean M Ayala, seconded by Daniel Damian to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA

3. Housing Authority of the City of Baldwin Park Project Based Voucher Program Update Motion to receive and file this report.

MOTION: It was moved by Jean M Ayala, seconded by Daniel Damian to adopt Motion Passed [5 – 0]. AYES: AYALA, ESTRADA, LOZANO, DAMIAN, AVILA
02-19-2025 City Council, Finance Authority, Housing Authority Meeting Minutes

Page 6 of 6 ends

CITY COUNCIL / CITY CLERK / CITY TREASURER / STAFF REQUESTS & COMMUNICATION

Council Member Lozano and Mayor Pro Tem Damian recognized Mayor Avila for her leadership at the Lario Staging Area Town Hall.

Mayor Avila updated on the Lario Staging Area situation and thanked the regional mayors for their collaboration.

Council Member Estrada spoke about sidewalk conditions, emphasizing a desire to collaborate with LIUNA on a pilot program to improve sidewalks and offer hands-on training for Baldwin Park residents.

Mayor Avila requested an update on Barnes Park, to be presented at the next meeting.

Mayor Avila and Mayor Pro Tem Damian asked for updates on Habitat for Humanity projects, including Torch and Stewart, the Cesar Chavez Project, and the Senior Housing Project, with timelines.

Mayor Avila and Mayor Pro Tem Damian requested information about the upcoming housing application window, including criteria and details that could be shared with interested residents. Community Development Director Garcia provided an update on the application process for new housing projects.

Treasurer Valenzuela acknowledged and thanked outgoing Community Development Director Garcia for his service to the community.

City Clerk Saenz provided an update on the City Clerk Association of California Nuts & Bolts Training Seminar held on February 6 and 7, 2025.

ADJOURNMENT

Mayor Avila adjourned the meeting at approximately 8:45 PM.

APPROVED: MARCH 5, 2025

ATTEST:

________________________
Christopher Saenz, City Clerk
Alejandra Avila, Mayor

STAFF REPORT
ITEM NO. _____3_____

Page 1 ends

TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
FROM: Nick Baldwin, Acting Director of Community Development DATE: March 5, 2025
SUBJECT: Second Reading and Adoption of Ordinance 1516, entitled, “AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY

OF BALDWIN PARK AUTHORIZING THE CITY OF

BALDWIN PARK TO ENTER INTO A DEVELOPMENT

AGREEMENT WITH ALLVISION LLC FOR THE

APPROVAL FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A TWO -

SIDED DIGITAL BILLBOARD LOCATED IN THE
RAILROAD RIGHT -OF-WAY ADJACENT TO 3100

BALDWIN PARK BLV D, WITH THE SPECIFIC

LOCATION SHOWN ON THE PLANS ON FILE WITH THE
CITY PLANNER”.

SUMMARY
The purpose of this report is to adopt and approve for second reading Ordinance No. 1516.

This item was heard by the City Council for the first reading at the February 19, 2025, Regular City Council Meeting.

RECOMMENDATION
It is recommended that the City Council waive further reading and adopt Ordinance 1516, entitled, “AN

ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BALDWIN PARK AUTHORIZING THE

CITY OF BALDWIN PARK TO ENTER INTO A DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT WITH ALLVISION

LLC FOR THE APPROVAL FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A TWO-SIDED DIGITAL BILLBOARD LOCATED IN THE RAILROAD RIGHT -OF-WAY ADJACENT TO 3100 BALDWIN PARK BLVD,

WITH THE SPECIFIC LOCATION SHOWN ON THE PLANS ON FILE WITH THE CITY PLANNER”.

FISCAL IMPACT
There would be no fiscal impact to the City’s General Fund as a result of adoption of this Ordinance.

BACKGROUND
On February 19, 2025, the City Council of the City of Baldwin Park held a Public Hearing to approve introduction of Ordinance No. 1516. The ordinance is for the construction of a new two -sided digital billboard sign with commercial and transportation management-related messaging.

Page 2 ends

LEGAL REVIEW
The report for the first reading for this project has been reviewed and approved by the City Attorney as to legal form and content.

ATTACHMENTS

1. Ordinance No. 1516

2. Staff Report Dated February 19, 2025

65431.00103\43240607.2

ORDINANCE NO. 1516

AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE

CITY OF BALDWIN PARK AUTHORIZING THE CITY

OF BALDWIN PARK TO ENTER INTO A

DEVELOPMENT AG REEMENT WITH ALLVISION LLC

FOR THE APPROVAL FOR THE CONSTRUCTIO N OF

A TWO -SIDED DIGITAL BILLBOARD LOCATED IN
THE RAILROAD RIGHT-OF-WAY ADJACENT TO 3100

BALDWIN PARK BLVD, WITH THE SPECIFIC

LOCATION SHOWN ON THE PLANS ON FILE WITH

THE CITY PLANNER

WHEREAS, on June 19, 2025, the City of Baldwin Park City Council adopted Ordinance No. 1510 updating billboard and signage regulations in the City; and

WHEREAS, pursuant to the Zoning Code section 153. 170.110 relating to new static or digital billboard construction, digital billboard project shall meet these Municipal Code requirements; and

WHEREAS, pursuant to Zoning Code section 153. 170.110, the billboards shall be required to receive Caltrans approval; and

WHEREAS, an agreement with the City of Baldwin Park will be required; and

WHEREAS, on August 7, 2024, the City of Baldwin Park Planning Division received an application from Allvision LLC (“Applicant”) requesting approval for the construction of a new, two -sided digital LED billboard located in the railroad right-of-way immediately south of 3100 Baldwin Park Boulevard; and

WHEREAS, in accordance with Baldwin Park Municipal Code (BPMC) Section 153.810.850 a duly noticed public hearing was held by the Planning Commission of the City of Baldwin Park on January 22, 2025 , to receive comments and consider recommendation to City C ouncil of a proposed Development Agreement (DA 2 4-01) between the City and Applicant for construction of the proposed billboard; and

WHEREAS, the Planning Commission at such hearing, adopted Resolution PC 25 -04 recommending that City Council approve the proposed Development Agreement; and

WHEREAS, the proposed project has been reviewed in compliance with the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and the City’s environmental review procedures. In compliance with the California 65431.00103\43240607.2

Ordinance 1516

Page 2 ends

Environmental Quality Act, Section 15063 of the California Environmental Quality Act guidelines, an Initial Study (IS) and Mitigated Negative Declaration (MND) has been prepared for this project with the purpose of identifying the project's significant effects on the environment; and

WHEREAS, the Initial Study and Mitigated Negative Declaration was circulated for public comments between December 23, 2024 to January 13, 2025; and

WHEREAS, the Applicant has agreed to proposed mitigation measures, and terms of the Development Agreement that will avoid the effects or mitigate the effects to a point where clearly no significant effects would occur; and

WHEREAS, the City Council has reviewed the Development Agreement (DA 2 4-01) (attached as Attachment “2” herewith and incorporated herein by reference) and finds and declares that compliance with all notice, hearing, and procedural requirements as set fort h by law have been met, thus allowing the City Council to review and consider the approval of the attached Development Agreement (DA 24-01) and make the findings set forth below pursuant to BPMC Section 153.210.860; and

WHEREAS, the findings set forth in the attached Development Agreement (DA 2 4-01) and as set forth in the Mitigated Negative Declaration are hereby incorporated as findings by this City Council in adopting this ordinance, and

WHEREAS, on February 19, 2025, the City Council held a duly noticed public hearing as required by law, to consider first reading to the proposed ordinance to approve the Development Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE BE IT ORDAINED by the City Council of the City of Baldwin Park, California, as follows:

SECTION 1. The recitals above are true and correct and incorporated herein by reference.

SECTION 2. The City Council hereby certifies the Mitigated Negative Declaration, and based upon substantial evidence presented to the City Council during the above -referenced hearing, including the Initial Study, any public comments received during the public comment period of the Mitigated Negative Declaration, the written staff reports, verbal testimony, and the development plans, the City Council hereby finds that:

a) There is no substantial evidence that the project will have a significant effect on the environment; and
65431.00103\43240607.2

Ordinance 1516

Page 3 ends

b) The negative declaration reflects the City's independent judgment and analysis; and

SECTION 3. The City Council hereby adopts the following findings of fact pursuant to Section 153.210.860 of the Baldwin Park Municipal Code relating to Development Agreements:

a) The development agreement is consistent with the General Plan objectives, policies, land uses and implementation programs and any other adopted plans or policies applicable to the agreement.

The proposed digital billboard project is consistent with the General Plan, specifically Goals 1 and 5 of the Economic Development Chapter. Goal 1 encourages and facilitates activities that expand the City’s revenue base. The City will collect fees as negotiated through the Development Agreement, which will bring much needed revenue to the City. Also Goal 5 of the same chapter promotes economic development along the I -10 corridor through the establishment of uses most likely to benefit from freeway frontage. The proposed project fits this description since the billboards location next to the freeway is essential for the advertising to reach potential customers.

b) The development agreement is compatible with the uses authorized in, and the regulations prescribed for, the land use district in which the real property is located.

The proposed billboard will be located in the FC, Freeway Commercial zone, which is intended commercial uses that benefit from close proximity to the freeway. The digital billboard will be constructed immediately adjacent to the freeway and will capitalize on the thousands of potential customers that travel this particular section of the I -10 freeway.

c) The development agreement is in conformance with the public convenience and general welfare of persons residing in the immediate area and will not be detrimental or injurious to property or persons in the general neighborhood or to the general welfare of the residents of the city as a whole.

Ordinance 1516

Page 4 ends

portion of land of approximately 36 square feet in area and this land is located in the railroad right -of-way where other commercial uses are not typically allowed by Metro. Also, the billboard advertising faces will be oriented toward the freeway and not be very visible, if at all, from the neighboring properties. The billboards will operate in a safe manner pertaining to brightness and frequency of scrolling that are established by Federal, State, and local standards.

d) The development agreement is consistent with the provisions of California Government Code §§ 65864 - 65869.5.

Cal. Gov’t Code Section 65864 through 65869.5 are State laws that govern how development agreements shall be
completed and the City’s Municipal Code Section pertaining to development agreements, BPMC 153.210.850, provides
local standards and processes for development agreements that are consistent with State law. The Development
Agreement includes conditions, terms, restrictions and
requirements as permitted by Cal. Gov’t Code Section 65864 through 65869.5.

SECTION 4. Based on the aforementioned findings, t he City Council hereby approves the Development Agr eement (DA 24-01), by and between Allvision LLC and the City of Baldwin Park, in the form as attached hereto as Attachment “2”, and authorizes its execution and all actions necessary to comply with its terms subject to the following conditions of approval:

a) Applicant shall submit a signed wet -stamped survey
prepared by a licensed engineer identifying that the distance between the proposed billboard structure at 12921 Garvey Avenue and any other billboard complies with the State of California Outdoor Advertising Act development standards and the Applicant agrees that their proposed billboard sign at 12921 Garvey Avenue will be built in conformance with the State of California Outdoor Advertising Act, including but not limited to being placed 500 feet or more from any other existing billboard.

SECTION 5. Ordinance No. 1516 is approved for introduction and first reading on February 19, 2025 and adoption at the second reading on March 5, 2025.

SECTION 6. This ordinance shall go into effect and be in full force and operation from and after thirty (30) days after its final reading and adoption. 65431.00103\43240607.2

Ordinance 1516

Page 5 ends

PASSED AND APPROVED ON THE 5TH day of MARCH, 2025

________________________________

ALEJANDRA AVILA, MAYOR

ATTEST AS TO FORM:

________________________

NORMA TABARES,

CITY ATTORNEY

STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES ) ss:

CITY OF BALDWIN PARK )

I, CHRISTOPHER SAENZ , City Clerk of the City of Baldwin Park, do hereby certify that the foregoing ordinance was regularly introduced and placed upon its first reading at a regular meeting of the City Council on February 19, 2025 .

Thereafter, said Ordinance No. 1516 was duly approved and adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council on March 5, 2025 by the following vote:

AYES:

NOES:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:

____________________________________

CHRISTPHER SAENZ,

CITY CLERK

STAFF REPORT
ITEM NO. _____9_____

Page 1 ends

TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
FROM: Nick Baldwin, City Planner
DATE: February 19, 2025
SUBJECT: Conduct Public Hearing and Introduce First Reading of Ordinance 1516 to Consider Approval of Development
Agreement No. 24 -01 Between the City of Baldwin Park and Allvision, LLC and the adoption of a Mitigated Negative Declaration (MND) and Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Plan (MMRP) in conjunction with a request for the
construction of a new two -sided digital billboard sign (Location 3100 Baldwin Park Blvd.; Applicant: Allvision, LLC; Case Number: DA 24-01).

SUMMARY
The applicant, Allvision, LLC, is requesting approval for the construction of a new two -sided digital billboard within the railroad right -of-way adjacent to 3100 Baldwin Park Blvd. that has a zoning designation of FC, Freeway Commercial. The City Council, at a duly noticed hearing will introduce for first reading Ordinance No. 1516 (Attachment 1) authorizing the City to enter into Development Agreement No. 24 -01 (Attachment 2) with applicant for approval of the proposed digital billboard.

RECOMMENDATION
It is recommended that the City Council:

1. Conduct a public hearing and introduce for first reading, by title only, Ordinance 1516, entitled, “AN

ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL FOR THE CITY OF BALDWIN PARK

AUTHORIZING THE CITY OF BALDWIN PARK TO ENTER INTO A DEVELOPMENT

AGREEMENT WITH ALLVISION, LLC FOR THE APPROVAL OF A TWO -SIDED DIGITAL BILLBOARD LOCATED IN THE RAILROAD RIGHT -OF-WAY ADJACENT TO 3100

BALDWIN PARK BLVD, WITH THE SPECIFIC LOCATION SHOWN ON THE PLANS ON FILE WITH THE CITY PLANNER”.

2. Find that the Mitigated Negative Declaration and the Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration (ISMND) as well as the associated Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Plan (MMRP) was prepared in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (Pub. Resources Code, §§ 21000 et seq.) (“CEQA”) and the State CEQA Guidelines (Cal. Code Regs, tit. 14, §§ 15000 et seq.) and adopt the ISMND and MMRP for this project.

3. Adopt Resolution CC 2025-004 approving DA 24-01: “A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING

COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF BALDWIN PARK RECOMMENDING THAT THE CITY

COUNCIL APPROVE A DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A TWO-

SIDED DIGITAL BILLBOARD LOCATED IN THE RAILROAD RIGHT-OF-WAY ADJACENT TO 3100 BALDWIN PARK BLVD, WITH THE SPECIFIC LOCATION SHOWN ON THE PLANS ON FILE WITH THE CITY PLANNER.

Page 2 ends

FISCAL IMPACT
There will be an increase in general fund revenues should this project be approved. The Developer shall pay an annual development fee to the City starting at $75,000 and will escalate to $115,000 over the life of the contract.

Please see Development Agreement Terms of Attachment #2 of this staff report for specifics.

BACKGROUND
In July 2013, the City approved a Code Amendment (AZC -173) which included development standards relating to digital billboards. In December 2016, the City Council approved an ordinance that would modify the development standards to allow the construction of additional digital and static billboards. The construction of additional billboards require agreements that allow the City more flexibility to negotiate other benefits from billboard companies, including but not limited to new park signs, landscaping, and provide mitigation fees and/or other benefits the City needs. In April 2017, the City Council approved an ordinance to modify development standards for all new billboards that would allow them to be constructed no taller than 65 feet, regardless of proximity to a sound wall. In June 2024, the Sign Code was re-codified and new regulations for billboards were standards for static and digital billboards were approved which superseded previous billboard standards (Ordinance No. 1510).

DIGITAL BILLBOARD STRUCTURES
A digital billboard is defined by the Baldwin Park Municipal Code as, “any off-site advertising display, as defined in the California Business and Professions Code (BPC) Section 5202, that uses state-of-the-art digital technology.

Section 153,170.110 of the BPMC governs new static and digital billboard construction.

Digital billboards are an emerging media type that consists of a display surface with light emitting diodes (LEDs) generating an image. The images are changed remotely via computer, functioning and appearing like large computer screens. Digital billboards offer greater flexibility of use than conventional billboards. Typically, digital advertising messages from advertisers rotate continuously, with each digital image on display for about four to eight seconds, enabling billboard owners to sell the same advertising face multiple times. Digital billboards allow advertisers to change messages throughout the course of a day. Images can be scheduled to run at certain times of the day, on particular days of the week or even on specific billboards within a network. Digital billboards are typically used in busy traffic areas, where advertisers are willing to pay more for the use of the billboard and thus the LED displays generate substantially more revenue than a comparable traditional billboard.

Although LED display technology allows for scrolling , flashing or motion video, moving images on digital billboards are generally prohibited by current Federal, State, and/or local regulations, due to traffic safety concerns. Baldwin Park Ordinance No. 1510 also prohibits moving images on digital billboard s and requires a change in image no more frequent than every five seconds. LED displays are equipped with sensors that automatically modify the brightness of the sign in response to ambient lighting conditions. During the day, the display is brighter to provide the necessary contrast to allow the image to be visible. At night, the LED display will be automatically dimmed to reduce glare.

There are a variety of Federal, State, and local provisions that regulate billboards and digital billboards. For example, Caltrans limits locations of static billboards to be no less than 500 feet between billboards and any other billboard on the same side of the freeway, whereas digital billboards must be separated by a minimum distance of 1,000 linear feet on the same side of the freeway.

Page 3 ends

TABLE #1

ADJACENT ZONING & LAND USE

ADJACENT PROPERTY

LOCATION ZONING PROPERTY USE
Subject Site Freeway Commercial Rail Right-of-way
Target Store
North Freeway Commercial Sierra Center Commercial center East Freeway Commercial Office building, In & Out Museum South -- Interstate 10 Freeway
West Freeway Commercial Sierra Center Commercial center

DISCUSSION
On August 7, 2024, the Planning Division received an application from Allvision LLC requesting approval for the construction of a new, two-sided digital LED billboard located in the railroad right-of-way immediately south of 3100 Baldwin Park Boulevard (Target), north of the I-10 Freeway.

The proposed sign structure will have an overall height of 85 feet (billboard height at 80 feet) and height of 57’ as measure from the highest point of the freeway. The active display face will be 48 feet by 14 feet. The sign structure is a metal pipe design with an upper section and a lower section with the lower section being offset from the upper. The two sign faces will not be parallel to each other, but rather V -shaped to provide better viewing angles for drivers in both directions on the freeway. The sign faces will be 20 feet apart in the widest section. The location of the base of the structure is located approximately five feet into the railroad right -of-way and 15 feet from the center of the train tracks, which is in accordance with railroad r egulations. Due to the off -set configuration of the structure, the upper section will extend over the tracks and go as far as the other side of the railroad right -of-way. Metro has reviewed the sign location and clearance above the train tracks and has confirmed that both are acceptable (see Attachment 8). The messages shown on the billboard faces will be commercial in nature but will also be available to Metro to advertise traffic alerts and other messaging of a public service nature.

The proposed billboard will meet the developments standards of the City’s sign code. The proposed sign area of 14’ height by 48’ width matches the maximum dimensions permitted. The maximum height permitted for billboards is 65’ as measured from the highe st point of the f reeway and the proposal is for a billboard structure that measures 85 tall from grade, but only 57’ as measured from the top of the freeway, so the overall height of the structure is in compliance. The project is in conformance with the distance requirements to digital billboards (1,000 feet) and static billboards (500 feet) because there are no other billboards in the immediate vicinity. The brightness of the billboard and the frequency of message change are operational characteristics that will be within the City standards and will further subject to Caltrans permitting and enforcement.

Development Agreement
Per Section 153.210.860 of the BPMC, the City Council must make the findings of fact about the proposed Development Agreement, which are provided in the section below.

FINDINGS OF FACT— Development Agreement

1. Consistent with the General Plan: The proposed development agreement is consistent with the General Plan objectives, policies, land uses and implementation programs and any other adopted plans or policies applicable to the agreement.

Page 4 ends

The proposed digital billboard project is consistent with the General Plan, specifically Goals 1 and 5 of the Economic Development Chapter. Goal 1 encourages and facilitates activities that expand the City’s revenue base. The City will collect fees as negotiated through the Development Agreement, which will bring much needed revenue to the City. Also Goal 5 of the same chapter promotes economic development along the I -10 corridor through the establishment of uses most likely to benefit from freeway front age. The proposed project fits this description since the billboards’ location next to the freeway is essential for the advertising to reach potential customers.

2. Existing compatibility: The development agreement is compatible with the uses authorized in, and the regulations prescribed for, the land use district in which the real property is located.

The proposed billboard will be located in the FC, Freeway Commercial zone, which is intended for commercial uses that benefit from close proximity to the freeway. The digital billboard will be constructed immediately adjacent to the freeway and will capitalize on the thousands of potential customers that travel this particular section of the I-10 freeway.

3. Public convenience and welfare: The development agreement is in conformance with the public convenience and general welfare of persons residing in the immediate area and will not be detrimental or injurious to the property or persons in the general neighborhood or to the general welfare of the residents of the city as a whole.

The proposed billboard will not be detrimental to the general welfare of the persons residing in the area or injurious to the property or persons in the general neighborhood or city as a whole based on the following: The lower section of the billboard will take up a tiny portion of land of approximately 36 square feet in area and this land is located in the railroad right-of-way where other commercial uses are not typically allowed by Metro. Also, the billboard advert ising faces will be oriented toward the freeway and not be very visible, if at all, from the neighboring properties. The billboards will operate in a safe manner pertaining to brightness and frequency of scrolling that are established by Federal, State, and local standards.

4. Consistent with Cal. Gov’t Code Section 65864 through 65869.5: The development agreement is consistent with Cal. Gov’t Code Section 65864 through 65869.5.

SUMMARY OF AGREEMENT
The term of the proposed agreement is 25 years with an option to extend. Public benefits include a one -time $25,000 processing fee, City fees associated with Building Plan check and permit issuance, and an annual public benefit contribution that will start at $75,000 and grow to be $115,000 over the life of the contract. The City will have use of the billboard of up to 5% of the total available display time on either face free of charge and a discounted rate for additional advertising. Public safety alerts will appear on the billboard at no charge. A sign reading “City of Baldwin Park” shall be installed above the display panel on each face. In the event that telecommunications equipment is mounted to the sign structure in the future, the developer agrees to pay the City an annual fixed fee of 15% of the total amount of additional revenue collected by the developer.

PLANNING COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION
As required by Code, the Planning Commission heard the subject proposal at their regular meeting on January 22, 2025. They considered the project and found that it meets the required Findings of Fact and unanimously recommended approval of the project to the City Council by Resolution PC 25-04.

Page 5 ends

ALTERNATIVES
None

CEQA REVIEW

PURSUANT TO THE CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT (CEQA), A MITIGATED

NEGATIVE DECLARATION HAS BEEN PREPARED, INDICATING THE PROJECT WILL NOT HAVE A

SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON THE ENVIRONMENT ONCE THE MITIGATION MEASURES HAVE BEEN INCORPORATED (ATTACHMENT 5). IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CEQA GUIDELINES, A NOTICE

OF INTENT TO ADOPT A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION WAS FILED WITH THE COUNTY

CLERK, POSTED ON THE CITY WEBSITE, AND WAS AVAILABLE AT CITY HALL FOR REVIEW ON DECEMBER 23, 2024. THE POSTING OF THE NOTICE OF INTENT BEGAN A 20 -DAY PUBLIC COMMENT PERIOD COMMENCED FROM THAT DATE AND ENDED ON JANUARY 13, 2025.

DURING THE PUBLIC COMMENT PERIOD, ONE COMMENT WAS RECEIVED WHICH IS ATTACHED TO THIS STAFF REPORT (ATTACHMENT 6). THE COMMENT PERTAINS TO THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF LED LIGHT AND THE MEASUREMENT OF LED LIGHT. A RESPONSE TO COMMENTS WAS PREPARED (ATTACHMENT 7) AND THE RESPONSE ADDRESSES THE POINTS MADE BY THE PUBLIC COMMENT. IT WAS DETERMINED THAT NO CHANGES TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT WAS NECESSARY IN RESPONSE TO THE COMMENT.

A NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING WAS POSTED AT CITY HALL ON THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 6, 2025.

PUBLIC HEARING NOTICES WERE MAILED ON FEBRUARY 5, 2025 TO ALL PROPERTY OWNERS AND OCCUPANTS WITHIN A 300 -FOOT RADIUS OF THE SUBJECT SITE AND PUBLISHED IN THE

LOCAL PUBLICATION OF RECORD

LEGAL REVIEW
This report has been reviewed and approved by the City Attorney as to legal form and content.

ATTACHMENTS

1. Ordinance 1516

2. Development Agreement 24-01

3. CC Resolution No. 2025-04

4. Project Plans

5. Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration and Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program (https://www.baldwinpark.com/DocumentCenter/View/2755/ISMND-with-Appendicies-for-AllVision- Metro-Billboard)

6. Public Comment

7. Response to Public Comment

8. Metro Authorization

9. Vicinity Map

65431.00103\43240607.2

ORDINANCE 1516

AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE

CITY OF BALDWIN PARK AUTHORIZING THE CITY

OF BALDWIN PARK TO ENTER INTO A

DEVELOPMENT AG REEMENT WITH ALLVISION LLC

FOR THE APPROVAL FOR THE CONSTRUCTIO N OF

A TWO -SIDED DIGITAL BILLBOARD LOCATED IN
THE RAILROAD RIGHT-OF-WAY ADJACENT TO 3100

BALDWIN PARK BLVD, WITH THE SPECIFIC

LOCATION SHOWN ON THE PLANS ON FILE WITH

THE CITY PLANNER

WHEREAS, on June 19, 202 4, the City of Baldwin Park City Council adopted Ordinance No. 1510 updating billboard and signage regulations in the City; and

WHEREAS, pursuant to the Zoning Code section 153. 170.110 relating to new static or digital billboard construction, digital billboard project shall meet these Municipal Code requirements; and

WHEREAS, pursuant to Zoning Code section 153. 170.110, the billboards shall be required to receive Caltrans approval; and

WHEREAS, an agreement with the City of Baldwin Park will be required; and

WHEREAS, the Planning Commission at such hearing, adopted Resolution PC 25 -04 recommending that City Council approve the proposed Development Agreement; and

Ordinance 1516

Page 2 ends

WHEREAS, the Initial Study and Mitigated Negative Declaration was circulated for public comments between December 23, 2024 to January 13, 2025; and

WHEREAS, on February 19, 2025, the City Council held a duly noticed public hearing as required by law, to consider first reading to the proposed ordinance to approve the Development Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE BE IT ORDAINED by the City Council of the City of Baldwin Park, California, as follows:

SECTION 1. The recitals above are true and correct and incorporated herein by reference.

a) There is no substantial evidence that the project will have a significant effect on the environment; and
65431.00103\43240607.2

Ordinance 1516

Page 3 ends

b) The negative declaration reflects the City's independent judgment and analysis; and

SECTION 3. The City Council hereby adopts the following findings of fact pursuant to Section 153.210.860 of the Baldwin Park Municipal Code relating to Development Agreements:

a) The development agreement is consistent with the General Plan objectives, policies, land uses and implementation programs and any other adopted plans or policies applicable to the agreement.

b) The development agreement is compatible with the uses authorized in, and the regulations prescribed for, the land use district in which the real property is located.

Ordinance 1516

Page 4 ends

d) The development agreement is consistent with the provisions of California Government Code §§ 65864 - 65869.5.

SECTION 5. Ordinance No. 1516 is approved for introduction and first reading on February 19, 2025 and adoption at the second reading on ____, 2025.

SECTION 6. This ordinance shall go into effect and be in full force and operation from and after thirty (30) days after its final reading and adoption. 65431.00103\43240607.2

Ordinance 1516

Page 5 ends

PASSED AND APPROVED ON THE __ day of _______, 2025

________________________________

ALEJANDRA AVILA, MAYOR

ATTEST:

________________________

CHRISTOPHER SAENZ,

CITY CLERK

STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES ) ss:

CITY OF BALDWIN PARK )

Thereafter, said Ordinance No. 1516 was duly approved and adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council on _____________ , 2025 by the following vote:

AYES:

NOES:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:

____________________________________

CHRISTPHER SAENZ,

CITY CLERK
65431.00103\43125504.2

RECORDING REQUESTED BY AND
WHEN RECORDED RETURN TO:

City of Baldwin Park
c/o City Clerk
4403 E. Pacific Avenue
Baldwin Park, CA 91706

[Exempt From Recording Fee Per Gov. Code §6103]

_____________________________________________________________________________________ (Space Above Line for Recorder's Use)

DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT

BETWEEN

THE CITY OF BALDWIN PARK, a California municipal corporation

AND

ALLVISION LLC, a Delaware limited liability company

65431.00103\43125504.2

1 [Exempt From Recording Fee Per Gov. Code §6103]

DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT

BETWEEN

THE CITY OF BALDWIN PARK AND

ALLVISION LLC
This Development Agreement (hereinafter “Agreement”) is entered into this _____ day of ___________________, 2025 (hereinafter the “Effective Date”), by and between the City of Baldwin Park (hereinafter “City”), and Allvision LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (hereinafter “ Developer”), as agent for the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (“Owner”).

RECITALS
This Development Agreement is predicated upon the following facts:

A. The Development Agreement Act (Government Code section 65864 et seq.) authorizes cities to enter into binding development agreements with persons having a legal or equitable interest in real property for the development of such property, all for the purposes of strengthening the public planning process, encouraging privat e participation and comprehensive planning and identifying the economic costs of such development.

B. Owner represents and warrants it is the owner of certain real property located adjacent to and on the north side of the Interstate 10 Freeway at _____________, in the City of Baldwin Park, also known as the “Metro Transportation Baldwin Park” (APN:
8555-006-900), as more specifically described in Exhibit “A” attached hereto and incorporated herein (the “Site”).

C. Developer desires to install on the Site a new double -sided 14 x 48 -foot digital display which is oriented toward the east and west along the Interstate 10 Freeway, as more particularly described in the Scope of Development attached hereto as Exhibit “B” and as depicted in the Site Plan attached hereto as Exhibit “C” and incorporated herein (the “New Digital Billboard” or the “Project”).

D. Pursuant to that certain Second Amended and Restated Revenue Services Contract between Developer and Owner (“Owner Agreement ”), Developer has a n interest in developing the New Digital Billboard.

E. Developer and City recognize that Owner has a legal or equitable interest in the Site and Developer, as Owner’s agent, also has an interest in the Project, and is qualified to enter into this Agreement in accordance with the Development Agreement Act.

F. In anticipation of the implementation of the Project, the Developer has made or will make application to the City (in its governmental capacity) for certain approvals, entitlements, findings, and permits required for the implementation of the Project, 65431.00103\43125504.2

2 including, a sign use permit, and an application for a development agreement for the Project under the Development Agreement Act.

G. To mitigate the impact of the installation of the New Digital Billboard and in consideration of the City’s agreement to enter into this Agreement with Developer and grant the approvals sought by Developer for the New Digital Billboard, Developer will pay the City an annual Public Benefit Contribution (as such terms are defined below), for the consideration to the City to enter into this Agreement and to mitigate the impact of the installation of the New Digital Billboard and for the Owner (through the Developer as the Owner’s agent) to reimburse the City its Project costs.

H. The Site is located within the ________________, on property that is zoned ________________________. Developer and the City agree that a development agreement should be approved and adopted to memorialize the property expectations of the City and Developer, as more particularly described herein.

I. The City Council has specifically considered the Project’s environmental impacts and public benefits and approved the Project in compliance with the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”).

J. This Agreement eliminates uncertainty in planning and provides for the orderly implementation of the Project in a manner consistent with the City’s zoning regulations and the General Plan.

K. On ___________, 202 5, at a duly noticed public hearing, the Planning Commission adopted Resolution No. ____ -2025, recommending approval of this Agreement (Development Agreement No. ___ -25) to the City Council and requiring Developer’s compliance with the specific Conditions of Approval stated therein . In addition, at the same meeting, the Planning Commission adopted Resolution No. ______-2025, approving Design Review No. ___-25.

L. On ___________, 20 25, the City Council found that, as a result of the Project, the City’s Development Approvals and this Agreement, substantial public benefits will accrue to the public and that it is in the best public interest of the City and its residents, to adopt this Agreement. This Agreement and the proposed Development (as hereinafter defined) will achieve a number of City objectives, including but not limited to utilizing the Site for a revenue-generating use.

M. On ___________, 202 5, the City Council, at a duly noticed hearing to consider the approval of this Agreement, considered the proposal, heard testimony, and introduced Ordinance No. ____, which Ordinance approves this Agreement.

N. On ___________, 2025, the City Council held the second reading on, and adopted Ordinance No. ____, thereby approving this Agreement.

O. The City finds and determines that all actions required of the City precedent to approval of this Agreement by Ordinance No. ____ of the City Council have been duly and regularly taken.
65431.00103\43125504.2

3 NOW, THEREFORE, pursuant to the authority contained in the Development Agreement Act, as it applies to the City, and in consideration of the above recitals and of the mutual covenants hereinafter contained and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:

1. DEFINITIONS AND EXHIBITS.

1.1. Definitions. This Agreement uses a number of terms having specific meanings, as defined below. These specially defined terms are distinguished by having the initial letter capitalized, when used in the Agreement. In addition to the terms defined in the Recitals above, the defined terms include the following:

1.1.1 “Additional Revenue” means revenue received from a third -party for use of the support structure of the New Digital Billboard for the installation of Telecommunications Facilities.

1.1.2 “Agreement” means this Development Agreement and all attachments and exhibits hereto.

1.1.3 “Anniversary Date ” is the annual reoccurrence of the Commencement Date.

1.1.4 “City” means the City of Baldwin Park , a California municipal corporation.

1.1.5 “City Council” means the City Council of the City.

1.1.6 “City Fees ” means all fees and charges required by City that are customarily and uniformly applied to all construction or development related activity including, but not limited to, fees for land use applications, building permit applications, building permits, grad ing permits, hauling permits, encroachment permits, demolition permits, lot line adjustments, street vacations, inspections, certificates of occupancy and plan check.

1.1.7 “Commencement Date ” means the date that is five (5) business days after the satisfaction of the Completion Requirements.

1.1.8 “Completion Requirements” means (i) issuance of all Development Approvals, Final Permits and/or compliance with all requirements under applicable laws required to operate the New Digital Billboard and the expiration of all applicable challenge periods related to the foregoing without the filing of any challenge or appeal (or if a challenge or appeal has been filed, such challenge or appeal has been resolved on terms reasonably satisfactory to Developer) , as evidenced by written notice thereof from Developer to the City, and (ii) completion of construction of the New Digital Billboard, such that Developer can immediately commence operation of the New Digital Billboard (as determined by Developer in its reasonable discretion) for the display of third party advertising, as evidenced by written notice thereof from Developer to the City. 65431.00103\43125504.2

4 1.1.9 “Developer” means All Vision LLC, a Delaware limited liability company duly existing and operating, and its successors and assigns.

1.1.10 “Development” means the installation of a New Digital Billboard on the Site and underground utilities connecting Southern California Edison’s electrical source to the New Digital Billboard, as well as any other improvements to the Site for the purpose of completing the structures, improvements and facilities comprising the Project.

1.1.11 “Development Agreement Act ” means Article 2.5 of Chapter 4 of Division 1 of Title 7 (Sections 65864 through 65869.5) of the California Government Code, as the same may be amended or re-codified from time to time.

1.1.12 “Development Approvals ” means any and all permits, licenses, consents, rights and privileges that are prerequisites to construct and operate the New Digital Billboard , including without limitation, the approval of the Board of Directors of Owner, and that are approved or issued by the City in connection with the Project on or before the Effective Date, including, without limitation, this Agreement and the following entitlements: the Resolution No. ________ approved by the Planning Commission on ___________, 202 5, and approval of the City Council by Ordinance No. _____ on ______________, 2025, as further described at Section 4.3 herein.

1.1.13 “Effective Date” means the date inserted into the preamble of this Agreement, which is thirty (30) days following (a) approval of this Agreement by ordinance of the City Council, provided this Agreement is signed by Developer and the City, (b) the Development Approvals h ave been approved; and (c) expiration of all applicable challenge periods without the filing of any challenge or appeal (or if a challenge or appeal has been filed, such challenge or appeal has been resolved on terms reasonably satisfactory to Developer) related to the Development Approvals and CEQA.

1.1.14 “Final Permits ” shall mean all necessary/required permits and inspections by all governmental and utility agencies, including any permits and approvals required by the California Department of Transportation, to construct and operate the New Digital Billboard and related improvements, which are signed and dated by the City, as applicable. Final Permits do not include the Development Approvals.

1.1.15 “Land Use Regulations” means all ordinances, resolutions, codes, rules, regulations and official policies of the City, including, but not limited to, the City’s General Plan, Municipal Code and Zoning Code, which govern development and use of the Site, including, without limitation, the permitted use of land, the density or intensity of use, subdivision requirements, the maximum height and size of the New Digital Billboard, and the design, improvement and construction standards and specifications applicable to the Development or the Site which are in full force and effect as of the Effective Date of this Agreement, subject to the terms of this Agreement. Land Use Regulations shall also include the federal National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (“NPDES”) regulations and approvals from the California Department of Transportation Outdoor Advertising Division, to the extent applicable.
65431.00103\43125504.2

5 1.1.16 “Lease” means the lease , license, or contract as the case may be, for the Site between Owner, as landlord or licensor (or similar term), and Developer, as tenant or licensee (or similar term), as set forth in the Owner Agreement or any written lease agreement entered into between Owner and Developer pursuant thereto. In the event that Developer is subsequently granted an easement over the Site for purposes of developing and operating outdoor advertising structures thereon, which easement supersedes Develop er’s license or leasehold interest therein, all references to herein “Lease” or Developer’s leasehold interest shall be deemed to refer Developer’s easement over the Site.

1.1.17 “Mortgagee” means a mortgagee of a mortgage, a beneficiary under a deed of trust or any other security -device, a lender or each of their respective successors and assigns.

1.1.18 “Official Records ” means the official Records of Los Angeles County, California.

1.1.19 “Owner Agreement ” means that certain Second Amended and Restated Revenue Services Contract dated as of June 29, 2017 entered into between Owner and Developer , as amended, governing, among other things, use and development of the Site for outdoor advertising purposes.

1.1.20 “Processing Fee” is the fee which is in addition to the payment of City Fees or customary building plan check or building permit fees, and is intended to reimburse the City for fees and costs incurred in connection with City’s review, evaluation, and analysis pertaining to the New Digital Billboard, including, but not limited to, legal and consultant fees and feasibility analysis incurred by the City in negotiation and preparation of this Agreement, equal to $25,000.

1.1.21 “Project” means the New Digital Billboard as described in Exhibit “B” consistent with the Development Approvals and the Final Permits.

1.1.22 “Public Benefit Contribution” means the payment from Developer to City pursuant to Section 3.3 of this Agreement, which payment may be used by the City for various public projects and programs.

1.1.23 “Site” refers to the real property described in Recital B and more specifically described on Exhibit “A” attached hereto and incorporated herein.

1.1.24 “Scope of Development ” means the Scope of Development attached hereto as Exhibit “B” and incorporated herein.

1.1.25 “Subsequent Land Use Regulations ” means any Land Use Regulations adopted and effective after the Effective Date of this Agreement which govern development and use of the Site and Project.

1.1.26 “Subsequent Development Approvals ” means any Development Approvals issued subsequent to the Effective Date in connection with the Project. 65431.00103\43125504.2

6 1.1.27 “Telecommunications Facilities ” means an antenna or wireless communication device, infrastructure and related equipment for telecommunications, cellular or wi-fi service, surveillance or other video equipment provided by a duly approved and licensed telecommunications service provider.

1.1.28 “Term” shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.4, unless earlier terminated as provided in this Agreement.

1.1.29 “Term Year” shall mean each 12 -month period during the Term of this Agreement commencing on the Commencement Date and on each Anniversary Date thereafter.

1.2 Exhibits. The following documents are attached to, and by this reference made a part of, this Agreement: Exhibit “A” (Legal Description of Site), Exhibit “B” (Scope of Development), and Exhibit “C” (Site Plan and Elevations).

2. GENERAL PROVISIONS.

2.1. Application of Agreement. This Agreement shall apply to the development and use of the Project, including the New Digital Billboard and all associated improvements, carried out on the Site. The Project shall be developed and operated in accordance with the Development Approvals, this Agreement, and all applicable federal, state, and local laws, regulations, and ordinances.

2.2. Binding Effect of Agreement. From and following the Effective Date, actions by the City and Developer with respect to the Development, and Project including actions by the City on applications for Subsequent Development Approvals affecting the Site, shall be subject to the terms and provisions of this Agreement, provided, however, that nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed or construed: (i) to m odify or amend the Owner Agreement or any Lease entered into pursuant thereto, or any of Developer’s obligations thereunder, or to bind or restrict Owner with respect to its ownership or operation of the Site except as expressly set forth herein with respect to the Development, or (ii) to impose any obligation whatsoever on Owner with respect to the Development, except as expressly set forth in this Agreement.

2.3. Interest in Site. The City and Developer acknowledge and agree that Developer is the agent of Owner and thus is qualified to enter into and be a party to this Agreement. The City and Developer acknowledge and agree that Developer has a legal or equitable interest in the Site and thus is qualified to enter into and be a party to this Agreement under the Development Agreement Act . Additionally, prior to the execution of this Agreement, Developer has allowed the City to view a redacted copy of the Owner Agreement which demonstrates that Developer has a leasehold or license or equitable interest in the Sit e, which interest shall be maintained for the entire Term of this Agreement. If Developer’s leasehold or license interest is prematurely and legally terminated by Owner in conformance with the Owner Agreement (other than upon the conveyance of an easement t o Developer), then Developer shall have no further obligations under Section 3(a) of the Scope of Development attached hereto as Exhibit “B” Additionally, if Developer’s leasehold or license interest is prematurely terminated for 65431.00103\43125504.2

7 any reason (other than upon the conveyance of an easement to Developer), then Developer shall have no further obligations under this Agreement for the Site , however, such termination of interest shall not affect the City’s rights or obligations under this Agreement, and the City shall be entitled to pursue any available remedies..

2.4. Term of Agreement. Unless earlier terminated as provided in this Agreement, this Agreement shall commence on the Commencement Date and continue in full force and effect until the date that is twenty five (25) years after the Commencement Date (the “Term”). Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement to the contrary, the Term of this Agreement shall automatically expire upon (i) the expiration or earlier termination of the Lease (other than upon the conveyance of an easement to Developer), or (ii) the p ermanent removal of the New Digital Billboard constructed pursuant to the terms hereof, other than its removal for reconstruction, repair or replacement. Within thirty (30) days after the termination of this Agreement, the parties shall execute a written cancellation of this Agreement which shall be recorded in the Official Records pursuant to Section 9.1 below. If this Agreement is not extended or renewed as set forth herein, then either party may, at its option, elect for Developer to remove the digital displays and restore the portion of the Site affected by the New Digital Billboard to its pre -billboard condition, except the columns can be cut off one (1) foot below grade.

3. DEVELOPER OBLIGATIONS-PUBLIC BENEFIT.

3.1. Processing Fee. Upon submission of this Agreement for approval by the City, Developer paid to the City a one-time non-refundable Processing Fee in the amount of Twenty-Five Thousand and No/100 Dollars ($ 25,000.00) to reimburse the City for its costs in processing this Agreement, including costs for outside consultants and staff time.

3.2. City Fees. From and after the Commencement Date, Developer shall pay all City Fees for the development of the Project at the rate and amount in effect at the time the fee is required to be paid.1

3.3. Public Benefit Contribution. In consideration for the rights and benefits to Developer under this Agreement, from and after the Commencement Date, Developer shall pay to the City an annual Public Benefit Contribution in an amount equal to the greater of (i) the applicable “Minimum Annual Guaranteed Payment” as specified in the table below, or (ii) the “ Annual Percentage Payment ” calculated in accordance with Section 3.3.2 below.

Year Minimum
Guaranteed Payment
Quarterly
Installment
Percentage
Payment
1-10 $75,000 $18,750 10%
11-20 $95,000 $23,750 15%
21-30 $115,000 $28,750 20%

3.3.1. Payment of the Public Benefit Contribution . From and after the Commencement Date, the Minimum Guaranteed Payment shall be paid to the City on or

1 NOTE TO THE CITY: Please provide an estimate of the total City Fees expected to be paid. 65431.00103\43125504.2

8 before the first (1st) day of each calendar quarter in four (4) equal installments as set forth in the table above. Quarterly installments for the calendar quarter in which the Commencement Date occurs as well as the calendar quarter in which the Term expires shall be prorated based upon a ninety (90) day quarter. Within forty -five (45) days after the end of each Term Year, Developer shall calculate the Annual Percentage Payment in accordance with Section 3.3.2 below and shall deliver a payment to the City in an amount equal to the positive difference, if any, between the Annual Percentage Payment and Minimum Guaranteed Payment for such Term Year; provided that no further payment shall be required if the Minimum Guaranteed Payment is greater than the Annual Percentage Payment for such Term Year.

3.3.2. Calculation of Annual Percentage Payment. For purposes of this Section 3.3, “Annual Revenue” shall be defined as (A) all revenues realized and actually received by Developer from the sale of third party advertising on the New Digital Billboard, less (B) agency fees, broker commissions or other fees paid for marketing the New Digital Billboard to advertisers and selling advertising space thereon to third-party advertisers (in an amount not to exceed 16.67% percent). The Annual Percentage Payment for each Term Year shall be an amount equal to (i) the Annual Revenue for such Term Year multiplied by (ii) the Applicable Percentage for such Term Year as set forth in the table above less (iii) the Minimum Annual Guaranteed Payment. Additional Revenue shall not be included within Annual Revenue for purposes of calculating the Annual Percentage Payment nor credited against the amount of any such Annual Percentage Payment.

3.3.3. Audit of Annual Revenue. Developer shall maintain and make available for City’s review and audit, all contracts, leases, invoices, and other records that are relevant to the accurate determination of Annual Revenue. The City has the right in its sole discretion conduct an audit annually consistent with the Commencement Date of this Agreement. City shall be entitled once each year of the Term to inspect, examine, copy and audit Developer’s books, records and cash receipts as related to Annual Revenue. If the audit shows that there is a deficiency in the determination of Annual Revenue or payment of the Annual Percentage Payment, then Developer shall immediately upon notice pay any such deficiency to City. If the audit shows that there is an overstatement in the determination of Annual Revenue or payment of the Annual Percentage Payment, then City shall immediately upon notice pay Developer any overpayment City received. Developer may offset future payments of the Public Benefit Contribution for any overpayments that are not repaid by City. City shall pay the costs of the audit unless the audit shows that Developer understated Annual Revenue by more than three percent (3%), in which case Developer shall pay the City’s costs of the audit.

3.4. Community Benefits. Developer shall also provide the following community benefits during the entire Term of this Agreement.

3.4.1. City’s Use of the Billboard. During the entire Term of this Agreement, Developer shall permit the City to place public service announcements in the current rotation of display images on either side of the New Digital Billboard spread out evenly during a 24 hour day at no cost to the C ity but subject to availability of space; provided that in no event shall the City be entitled to any use of display images on the New Digital Billboard in excess of five percent (5%) of the total available display time on 65431.00103\43125504.2

9 either face of the New Digital Billboard during any given Term Year without the written consent of Developer . The City shall be responsible for providing Developer with approved advertising copy and shall also be responsible for any costs associated with providing Developer with artwork in acceptable format per Developer ’s specifications.

City’s use is subject to the following conditions and parameters: (1) a cop y must be submitted to Developer at least five (5) days before the proposed display date and will be subject to Developer’s standard advertising copy rejection and removal policies, which allow Developer, in its reasonable discretion, to approve or disapprove copy and remove copy once posted or displayed, and (2) the City’s use of allocated display time for a particular Term Year must be utilized during such Term Year (i.e., no advertisement rights shall accumulate or carryover to the following Term Year). Nothing herein shall give the City the right to sell, barter, trade, or otherwise transfer such advertising rights to any third-person or entity; the same shall be utilized by the City only for its own governmental purposes. The advertising rights available to the City are not assignable, in whole or in part, and any such assignment by the City shall be void ab initio.

3.4.2. Public Safety Alerts. The New Digital Billboard shall be connected into and utilized in connection with the Amber Alert communications network established by the U.S. Department of Justice. Developer shall further cooperate with the City, Caltrans, the Federal Emergency Management Agency and any other federal or state emergency management or public safety authority to display public health and safety emergency alerts in the event of natural disasters or other emergency events at no cost to the City or other applicable agency or authority.

3.4.3. Discount Advertising. Developer shall offer a ten percent (10%) discount off its applicable rates for display of advertising on the New Digital Billboard to any current, active member of the Baldwin Park Chamber of Commerce holding a City - issued business license and with a home office located in the City of Baldwin Park.

3.4.4. City Signage . At the City’s request, Developer shall install and maintain on both sides of the New Digital Billboard above the display panel a sign reading “City of Baldwin Park.” The design of such sign shall be approved by the City.

3.5. Restrictions on Use. Developer shall not utilize any of the displays on the New Digital Billboard to advertise or communicate tobacco including smoking, e- cigarettes and vaping, marijuana, hashish, “strip clubs,” adult entertainment businesses, sexually oriented materials, or use sexually oriented images, or use sexually oriented language. Further, Developer shall not utilize any of the displays on the Ne w Digital Billboard to advertise or communicate any matter that may be prohibited by State or Federal law and any City ordinance existing as of the Effective Date of this Agreement, or as may be amended or implemented from time -to-time after the Effective Date and equally-applicable to all billboard displays by any duly and valid City ordinance. The New Digital Billboard shall at all times be constructed and operated in a manner consistent with the Outdoor Advertising Act of the State of California (Business & Professions Code sections 5200 et seq.) and other applicable State and Federal laws and regulations.

3.6. City’s Rights to Use the Site. The City shall have the right to access and install Telecommunications Facilities on the Site that the City deems necessary, in its sole 65431.00103\43125504.2

10 discretion for the health, safety and welfare of the public , upon prior written notice and approval from Owner. The City shall be responsible for all of the installation and operating costs of its Telecommunications Facilities, and the City’s Telecommunications Facilities shall be installed and operated in a manner that does not unreasonably interfere with or negatively impact visibility or operation of the New Digital Billboard in any manner, including, without limitation, the amount of advertising revenue received by Developer from the operation of the New Digital Billboard or the amount of Additional Revenue derived therefrom. The City shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless Developer and its members, partners, shareholders, officers, directors, employees and affiliates (collectively, the “ Developer Parties ”) from and against any and all claims, lawsuits, actions, proceedings, judgments, losses, costs, claims (including reasonable sums paid in settlement of claims), reasonable attorneys’ fees, consultant and expert fees, penalties, damages and liabilities (collectively, “ Claims”) arising from or related to the installation, operation or use of the Telecommunications Facilities installed on the Site by or on behalf of the City, and from the City’s use of the New Digital Billboard (as detailed in Section

3.4.1 above), except to the extent that such Claims arise from the negligence or willful misconduct of any of the Developer Parties.

3.7. Fixed Facility Fee. Should Developer enter into any agreement for the installation of Telecommunications Facilities on the support structure of the New Digital Billboard (other than the Telecommunications Facilities installed by the City pursuant to Section 3.6 above), Developer shall pay to the City an annual fixed facility fee equal to Fifteen Percent (15%) of the total amount of Additional Revenue collected by Developer from the use of the Telecommunications Facilities . The City shall have the right upon request to review and audit the Additional Revenue received by Developer for a period of thirty (30) days after the date on which such Additional Revenue was received. The fixed facility fee shall be due and payable forty-five (45) days after the end of each Term Year.

Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, any Telecommunications Facilities installed by Developer or Owner, or their agents, to be used as a part of the Owner’s Transportation Communication Network (TCN) Program shall not be subject to the payment of any fee by either Developer or Owner.

4. DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT.

4.1. Rights to Develop. Subject to provisions of this Agreement, Developer shall have the right to develop the Site in accordance with, and to the extent of, the Development Approvals, the existing Land Use Regulations, this Agreement and in compliance with all laws, regulations, rules and requirements of all governmental authorities with jurisdiction over the Project.

4.2. Effect of Agreement on Land Use Regulations. Except as otherwise provided under the terms of this Agreement, the rules, regulations and official policies governing permitted uses of the Site, the density and intensity of use of the structures on the Site, the maximum height and size of proposed structures on the Site, and the design, improvement and construction standards and specifications applicable to the Site, shall 65431.00103\43125504.2

11 be as set forth in the Land Use Regulations which are in full force and effect as of the Effective Date of this Agreement, subject to the terms of this Agreement2.

4.3. Development Approvals. Developer shall, at its own expense and before commencement of demolition, construction or development of any structures or other work of improvement upon the Site, promptly and diligently pursue securing or cause to be secured the Development Approvals, a Conditional Use Permit and building permit(s) from the City, and any and all permits and approvals which may be required by any other governmental agency or utility affected by such construction, development or work to be performed by Developer pursuant to the Scope of Development. Not by way of limiting the foregoing, in developing and constructing the Development, Developer shall comply with all: (1) applicable development standards in the City’s Munici pal Code that were in effect at the time the Agreement and Conditional Use Permit were approved by the City’s Planning Commission, (2) applicable NPDES requirements pertaining to the Development, and (3) applicable building codes that were in effect at the time this Agreement an d the Conditional Use Permit were approved by the City’s Planning Commission, except as may be permitted through approved variances and modifications.

Developer shall pay all normal and customary fees and charges applicable to such permits, and any fees and charges hereafter imposed by the City in connection with the Development which are standard and uniformly applied to similar projects in the City.

Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to impose any obligation on Owner with respect to the Development Approvals or the Development, all of which obligations of Owner shall be governed by the terms of the Owner Agreement. Without limiting the foregoing, the City , at no cost or expense to itself, shall take such actions as may be reasonably required to enable Developer to obtain any Final Permits, including without limitation, providing notice of default to a developer or lessee of any City-owned property adjacent to the Site in order to facilitate removal of any outdoor adv ertising displays or structures located on any City-owned property adjacent to the Site.

4.4. Timing of Development.

4.4.1. The parties acknowledge that that the timing and feasibility of the development of the Property are influenced by various factors, some of which depend upon numerous factors that are not within the control of Developer. However, the parties agree that the City has a vested interest in ensuring timely and orderly development consistent with public welfare and policy objectives . Because the California Supreme Court held in Pardee Construction Co. v. City of Camarillo (1984) 37 Cal.3d 465 (the “Pardee Case ”) that the failure of the parties therein to provide for the timing of development resulted in a later adopted initiative restricting the timing of development to prevail over such parties’ agreement, it is the parties’ intent to cure that deficiency by acknowledging and providing that, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Developer shall have the right to develop the P roject consistent with the Development Approvals in such order and at such rate and at such times as Developer deems

2 Subject to further review of Land Use Regulations.
65431.00103\43125504.2

12 appropriate within the exercise of its sole and subjective business judgment during the Term of this Agreement. This provision shall be broadly construed to provide Developer the greatest amount of time and flexibility (in light of the Pardee Case and any other similar or distinguishing cases) as necessary or appropriate to permit Developer to complete the development of the Project irrespective of later -adopted rules, regulations or initiatives that would otherwise restrict Developer’s time to complete the Project.

4.4.2. Developer shall commence construction of the New Digital Billboard on the Site within ninety (90) calendar days and complete the construction within twelve months (12) following: (a) Developer’s receipt of a building permit from the City for construction of the New Digital Billboard and related improvements, (b) the issuance of all Development Approvals and Final Permits for construction of the New Digital Billboard and related i mprovements and (c) the expiration of all applicable challenge periods related to the foregoing without the filing of any challenge or appeal (or if a challenge or appeal has been filed, such challenge or appeal has been resolved on terms reasonably satisfactory to Developer). The Developer shall be granted a one time extension of six months (6) to complete the Digital Billboard upon written notice to City provided they have consistently worked in good faith to complete the construction. In the event that Developer fails to meet the schedule for commencement of construction of the New Digital Billboard set forth above, then after compliance with Section 5.3, either party hereto may terminate this Agreement by delivering written notice to t he other party, an d, in the event of such termination, neither party shall have any further obligation hereunder. However, if circumstances within the scope of Section 9.10 delay the commencement of construction or completion of construction of the New Digital Billboard, then such delays shall not constitute grounds for any termination rights found within this Agreement and the timeline to commence or complete the relevant task shall be extended in the manner set forth in Section 9.10. Notwithstanding the above, Developer s hall, at all times, comply with all other obligations set forth in this Agreement regarding the construction or improvement of the New Digital Billboard. Developer shall also maintain the New Digital Billboard at all times during the Term in accordance with the maintenance provisions set forth in Section 3 of the Scope of Development, attached as Exhibit “B” herein.

4.5. Changes and Amendments. Developer may determine that changes to the Development Approvals are appropriate and desirable. In the event Developer makes such a determination, Developer may apply in writing for an amendment to the Development Approvals to effectuate such change(s). The parties acknowledge that the City shall be permitted to use its inherent land use authority in deciding whe ther to approve or deny any such amendment request; provided, however, that in exercising the foregoing reasonable discretion, the City shall not apply a standard different than that used in evaluating requests of other developers and any revised agreement is approved by the City Council. Accordingly, under no circumstance shall the City be obligated in any manner to approve any amendment to the Development Approvals. The City Manager shall be authorized to approve any non -substantive amendment except for a change to the term of the Agreement which must be approved by the City Council . All other amendments shall require the approval of the City Council. Nothing herein shall cause Developer to be in default if it upgrades the digital displays installed pursu ant to this 65431.00103\43125504.2

13 Agreement during the Term of this Agreement to incorporate newer technology; provided Developer shall secure all applicable ministerial permits to do so and such upgrade is consistent with the dimensions and standards for the displays, as provided under th is Agreement, Land Use Regulations and Subsequent Land Use Regulations.

4.6. Reservation of Authority.

4.6.1. Limitations, Reservations and Exceptions . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the following Subsequent Land Use Regulations shall apply to the Development:

(a) Processing fees and charges of every kind and nature imposed by the City to cover the estimated actual costs to the City of processing applications for Subsequent Development Approvals.

(b) Procedural regulations consistent with this Agreement relating to hearing bodies, petitions, applications, notices, findings, records, hearings, reports, recommendations, appeals and any other matter of procedure. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if such cha nge materially changes Developer’s costs or otherwise materially impacts its performance hereunder, Developer may terminate this Agreement upon ninety (90) days prior written notice to the City.

(c) Changes adopted by the International Conference of Building Officials, or other similar body, as part of the then most current versions of the Uniform Building Code, Uniform Fire Code, Uniform Plumbing Code, Uniform Mechanical Code, or National Electrical Code, as adopted by the City as Subsequent Land Use Regulations, if adopted prior to the issuance of a building permit for development of the New Digital Billboard. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if such change materially changes Developer’s costs or otherwise materially impacts its performance hereunder, Developer may terminate this Agreement upon ninety (90) days prior written notice to the City.

(d) Regulations that are not in conflict with the Development Approvals or this Agreement.

(e) Regulations that are in conflict with the Development Approvals or this Agreement, provided Developer has given written consent to the application of such regulations to the Development.

(f) Applicable federal, state, county and multi -jurisdictional laws and regulations which the City is required to enforce against the Site or the Development, and that do not have an exception for existing signs or legal nonconforming uses.

65431.00103\43125504.2

14 4.6.2. Future Discretion of the City. This Agreement shall not prevent the City from denying or conditionally approving any application for a Subsequent Development Approval on the basis of the Land Use Regulations.

4.6.3. Modification or Suspension by Federal, State, County, or Multi- Jurisdictional Law. In the event that applicable federal, state, county or multi - jurisdictional laws or regulations, enacted after the Effective Date of this Agreement, prevent or preclude compliance with one or more of the provisions of this Agreement, and there is no exception for the legal nonconforming use under applicable federal, state, county or multi-jurisdictional laws or regulations, such provisions of this Agreement shall be modified or suspended as may be necessary to comply with such federal, state, county or multi-jurisdictional laws or regulations, and this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect to the extent it is not inconsistent with such laws or regulations and to the extent such laws or regulations do not render such remaining provision impractical to enforce.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if such change materially changes Developer’s costs or otherwise materially impacts its pe rformance hereunder, Developer may terminate this Agreement upon ninety (90) days prior written notice to the City.

4.7. Regulation by Other Public Agencies. It is acknowledged by the parties that other public agencies not subject to control by the City may possess authority to regulate aspects of the Development as contemplated herein, and this Agreement does not limit the authority of such other public agencies. Developer acknowledges and represents that, in addition to the Land Use Regulations, Developer shall, at all times, comply with all applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations applicable to the Development and that do not have an exception fo r a legal nonconforming use. To the extent such other public agencies preclude development or maintenance of the Development and do not have an exception for a legal nonconforming use, Developer shall not be further obligated under this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if such action by another public agency materially changes Developer’s costs or otherwise materially impacts its performance hereunder, Developer may terminate this Agreement upon ninety (90) days prior written notice to the City.

4.8. Public Improvements. Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, the City shall retain the right to condition any Subsequent Development Approvals on the requirement that Developer pay subsequently required development fees, and/or construct certain subsequently required public infrastructure (“ Exactions”) at such time as the City shall determine, subject to the following conditions:

4.8.1. The payment or construction must be to alleviate an impact caused by the Development or be of benefit to the Development;

4.8.2. The timing of the Exaction should be reasonably related to the development of the Development and said public improvements shall be phased to be 65431.00103\43125504.2

15 commensurate with the logical progression of the development of the Development, as well as the reasonable needs of the public;

4.8.3. It is understood, however, that if the there is a material increase in cost to Developer, or such action by the City otherwise materially impacts Developer or its performance hereunder, Developer may terminate this Agreement upon ninety (90) days prior written notice to the City.

4.9. Fees, Taxes and Assessments. During the Term of this Agreement, the City shall not, without the prior written consent of Developer, impose any additional fees, taxes or assessments on all or any portion of the Development, except such fees, taxes and assessments as are described in or required by this Agreement , applicable laws and/or the Development Approvals. However, this Agreement shall not prohibit the application of fees, taxes or assessments upon the Site only and not on the New Digital Billboard or Developer directly, except as follows:

4.9.1. Developer shall be obligated to pay those fees, taxes or City assessments and any increases in same which exist as of the Effective Date and applicable to the Development or are included in the Development Approvals;

4.9.2. Developer shall be obligated to pay any fees or taxes, and increases thereof, imposed on a City -wide basis such as, but not limited to, business license fees or taxes or utility taxes applicable to the Development;

4.9.3. Developer shall be obligated to pay all fees applicable to any permit applications as charged by the City at the time such application(s) are filed by Developer;

4.9.4. Developer shall be obligated to pay any fees imposed pursuant to any Uniform Code that exist when the permit applications are filed by Developer or that exist when Developer applies for any Subsequent Development Approvals.

4.10. Changes. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, if there is a change in such fees as compared to those fees in effect as of the Effective Date, or if any additional fees are charged and such additional or increased fees materially change Developer’s costs or otherwise materially impacts its performance hereunder, Developer may request to renegotiate the terms of this Agreement to address the financial impact.

The City shall consider such a request in good faith but shall retain full discretion in determining whether to amend this Agreement. In no event shall such changes entitle the Developer to terminate this Agreement without mutual written consent, unless the parties agree that no resolution can reasonably be achieved after good faith negotiations.

5. REVIEW FOR COMPLIANCE.

5.1. Review. In compliance with the Development Agreement Act, the City Council shall have the right to review at its sole cost and expense the Developer’s good faith compliance with the terms of this Agreement at least every twelve (12) months during 65431.00103\43125504.2

16 the Term (“Review”) and City Council may, in its sole and absolute discretion and at its sole cost and expense, order a Review at any time. No failure on the part of the City to conduct or complete any Review as provided herein shall have any impact on the validity of this Agreement. Developer shall cooperate with the City in the conduct of any such Review.

5.2. City Rights of Access. Subject to the City’s execution of a permit to enter the Site in a form reasonably acceptable to Owner, the City and its officers, employees, agents and contractors shall have the right, at their sole risk and expense, to enter the Site without unreasonably interfering with any right -of-way, and at all reasonable times with as little interference as reasonably possible, for the purpose of conducting the Review under this Section 5 or inspection, construction, reconstruction, relocation, maintenance, repair or service of any public improvements or public facilities located on the Site. Any damage or injury to the Site or to the improvements constructed thereon (including, without limitation, the New Digital Billboard) resulting from such entry shall be promptly repaired at the sole expense of the City, provided that the City’s obligation shall not apply to damage or injury caused by pre -existing conditions, the negligence or misconduct of the Developer or its agents, or the failure of the Developer to maintain the Site or improvements in accordance with this Agreement . Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other provision in this Agreement (including without limitation Section 5.1 above) to the contrary, the City shall have no right whatsoever to enter the Site unless and until the City executes and delivers to Owner a permit to enter in a form reasonably acceptable to Owner (except that this provision is not intended to interfere with the City’s police powers to address any nuisance, dangerous condition, or other condition pursuant to the City’s ordinances). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, in no event will the City’s representatives ever climb up the pole of the New Digital Billboard during any inspection.

5.3. Procedure. Each party shall have a reasonable opportunity to assert matters which it believes have not been undertaken in accordance with this Agreement, to explain the basis for such assertion, and to receive from the other party a justification of its position on such matters. If, on the basis of the parties’ review of any terms of this Agreement, either party concludes that the other party has not complied in good faith with the terms of this Agreement, then such party may issue a written “ Notice of Non - Compliance” specifying the grounds therefore and all facts demonstrating such non - compliance. The party receiving a Notice of Non -Compliance shall have thirty (30) days to cure or remedy the non -compliance identified in the Notice of Non -Compliance, but if such cure or remedy is not reasonably capable of being cur ed or remedied within such thirty (30) day period, then the party receiving a Notice of Non -Compliance shall commence to cure or remedy the non -compliance within such thirty (30) day period and thereafter diligently and in good faith prosecute such cure or remedy to completion. If the party receiving the Notice of Non-Compliance does not believe it is out of compliance and contests the Notice of Non -Compliance, it shall do so by responding in writing to said Notice of Non -Compliance within thirty (30) days after receipt of the Notice of Non - Compliance. If the response to the Notice of Non -Compliance has not been received in the office of the party alleging the non -compliance within the prescribed time period, t he 65431.00103\43125504.2

17 Notice of Non-Compliance shall be conclusively presumed to be valid. If a Notice of Non- Compliance is contested, the parties shall, for a period of not less than fifteen (15) days following receipt of the response, seek to arrive at a mutually acceptable resolution of the matter(s) occasioning the Notice of Non-Compliance. In the event that a cure or remedy is not timely completed, the party alleging the non-compliance may thereupon pursue the remedies provided in Section 6; provided, however, that if the Notice of Non-Compliance is contested and the parties are not able to arrive at a mutually acceptable resolution of the matter(s) by the end of the fifteen (15) day period, then either party shall have the right to seek a judicial determination of such contested matter. Neither party hereto shall be deemed in breach if the reason for non-compliance is due to “force majeure” as defined in, and subject to the provisions of, Section 9.10.

5.4. Certificate of Agreement Compliance. If, at the conclusion of any Review, Developer is found to be in compliance with this Agreement, the City shall, upon written request by Developer, issue within thirty (30) days of receipt of the request, a written confirmation (“ Certificate”) to Developer stating that, after the most recent Review, and based upon the information known or made known to the City Manager and the City Council, that (1) this Agreement remains in effect, and (2) Developer is in compliance. The Certificate shall be in recordable form if requested by Developer and shall contain information necessary to communicate constructive record notice of the finding of compliance. Developer may record the Certificate with the County Recorder.

Additionally, Developer may, at any time, request from the City a Certificate stating, in addition to the foregoing, which specific obligations under this Agreement have been fully satisfied with respect to the Site and City shall respond within thirty (30) days of re ceipt of the request. Failure of the City to respond within the specified timeframe shall not result in a presumption of compliance or satisfaction of obligations. Instead, the Developer may notify the City of the failure to respond, and the City shall have an additional ten (1 0) business days to provide the requested Certificate.

6. DEFAULT AND REMEDIES.

6.1. Termination of Agreement.

6.1.1. Termination of Agreement for Material Default of Developer. The City, in its discretion, may terminate this Agreement (a) if Developer fails to make the Public Benefit Contribution within fifteen (15) days after the due date, or (b) for any material failure of Developer to perform any material duty or obligation of Developer hereunder or to comply in good faith with the terms of this Agreement (hereinafter referred to as “default” or “breach”); provided, however, the City may terminate this Agreement pursuant to subsection (b) above only after following the procedures set forth in Section

5.3. In the event of a termination by the City under this Section 6.1.1, Developer acknowledges and agre es that the City may retain any portion of the Public Benefit Contribution paid up to the date of termination and Developer shall pay the prorated amount of the Public Benefit Contribution within sixty (60) days after the date of 65431.00103\43125504.2

18 termination and removal of the New Digital Billboard that equates to the percentage of time elapsed in the year of the Term at the time of termination.

6.1.2. Termination of Agreement for Material Default of City.

Developer, in its discretion, may terminate this Agreement for any material failure of the City to perform any material duty or obligation of the City hereunder or to comply in good faith with the terms of this Agreement; provided, however, Developer may terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section only after following the procedures set forth in Section

5.3. 6.1.3. Termination of Agreement Without Default. Developer may terminate this Agreement upon the occurrence of any of the following: (1) if, despite Developer’s documented and demonstrable good faith efforts, Developer is unable to secure the Development Approvals and/or the necessary permits (including all Final Permits) and/or comply with requirements under applicable laws as necessary to effectuate the Development, or (2) any governmental agency has concluded a taking or regulatory taking of any material port ion of the Site and/or the Development, or (3) the Lease is terminated through no fault of Developer, or (4) Developer is unable to profitably operate the Development despite reasonable and sustained efforts to address operational challenges or (5) if the advertising value of the New Digital Billboard is materially diminished due to circumstances beyond Developer’s reasonable control, including, , including, without limitation, a diversion or reduction of vehicular traffic or (6) the view of the New Digital Billboard becomes entirely or partially obstructed or impaired due to actions beyond Developer’s reasonable control or (7) any other specific circumstance or event expressly provided which termination is permitted by Developer under this Agreement, or (8) if this Agreement and the development of the Project is not approved by the Board of Directors of Owner. In the event of a termination by Developer under this Section 6.1.3, Developer acknowledges and agrees that the City may retain any portion of the Public Benefit Contribution paid up to the date of termination. If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to subsection s (1) or (8) of this Section 6.1.3, then this Agreement shall terminate immediately and Developer shall not be required to make any payment set forth herein and this Agreement shall be of no further force and effect.

6.1.4. Rights and Duties Following Termination. Upon the termination of this Agreement, no party shall have any further right or obligation hereunder , except those conditions that expressly survive the termination hereunder.

7. INSURANCE, INDEMNIFICATION AND WAIVERS.

7.1. Insurance.

7.1.1. Types of Insurance.
(a) Liability Insurance. On or prior to the Effective Date and until completion of the Term, Developer shall, at its sole cost and expense, keep or cause to 65431.00103\43125504.2

19 be kept in force for Developer general liability insurance against claims and liabilities for bodily injury, death or property arising out of or in connection with Developer’s activities on the Site under this Agreement and for claims and liabilities cover ed by the indemnification provisions of Section 7.2. Such insurance shall name the City as an additional insured and shall have the following limits: (i) at least Two Million Dollars ($2,000,000) for bodily injury or death to any one person, (ii) at least Four Million Dollars ($4,000,000) for any one accident or occurrence, and (iii) at least One Million Dollars ($1,000,000) for property damage. Within seven (7) days after written request from the City, Developer shall also furnish or cause to be furnished to the City evidence that any contractors with whom Developer has contracted for the performance of any work under this Agreement for which Developer is responsible maintains the same coverage required of Developer.
(b) Worker’s Compensation. Within seven (7) days after written request from the City, Developer shall also furnish or cause to be furnished to the City evidence that any contractor with whom Developer has contracted for the performance of any work under this Agreement for which Developer is responsible hereunder carries worker’s compensation insurance as required by law.

I Insurance Policy Form, Sufficiency, Content and Insurer . All insurance required by express provisions hereof shall be carried only by responsible insurance companies qualified to do business by California with an AM Best Rating of no less than “A”. All such policies shall be non-assignable and shall contain language, to the extent obtainable, to the effect that (i) the insurer waives the right of subrogation against the City and against the City’s agents and representatives except as provided in this Section; (ii) the policies are primary and noncontributing with any insurance that may be carried by the City, but only with respect to the liabilities assumed by Developer under this Agreement; and (iii) the policies cannot be canceled or materially changed except after written notice by the insurer to the City or the City’s designated representative as expeditiously as the insurance company agrees to provide such notice. Developer shall furnish the City with certificates evidencing the insurance required to be procured by the terms of this Agreement on or prior to the Effective Date.

7.1.2. Failure to Maintain Insurance. If Developer fails or refuses to procure or maintain insurance as required hereby or fails or refuses to furnish the City with required proof that the insurance has been procured and is in force and paid for, the City, after complying with the requirements of Section 5.3, may view such failure or refusal to be a default hereunder.

7.2. Indemnification.

7.2.1. General. Developer shall indemnify the City and its officers, employees, attorneys, consultants and agents (collectively, “ City-Related Parties ”) against, and will hold and save each of the City -Related Parties harmless from, any and all actions, suits, claims, damages to persons or property, losses, costs, penalties, obligations, errors, omissions, or liabilities (herein “ claims or liabilities ”) that may be claimed or asserted against any City-Related Parties by any person, firm, or entity to the extent arising out of or materially connected with (i) the acts, omissions, negligent work, 65431.00103\43125504.2

20 operations, or activities of Developer, its agents, employees, subcontractors, or invitees, hereunder, upon the Site or (ii) the City’s approval of this Agreement or any Development Approvals or Subsequent Development Approvals pursuant hereto or (iii) the performance of any obligations of the City hereunder.
(a) Developer will defend any action or actions filed in connection with any such claims or liabilities covered by the indemnification provisions herein and will pay all costs and expenses, including reasonable legal costs and attorneys’ fees incurred in c onnection therewith, which attorneys will be the attorneys hired by the insurance company where insurance coverage applies, or by Developer. (b) Developer will promptly pay any judgment rendered against any City -Related Party for any such claims or liabilities subject to Developer’s indemnification obligations as set forth in Section 7.2.1 above.

7.2.2. Exceptions. The foregoing indemnity shall not include claims or liabilities arising from the negligence or willful misconduct of the City, or its officers, agents or employees who are directly responsible to the City.

7.2.3. Additional Coverage. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Developer’s indemnity obligation shall include any liability arising by reason of:
(a) Any accident or other occurrence in or on the Site causing injury to any person or property whatsoever to the extent caused by Developer; (b) Any failure of Developer to comply with performance of all of the provisions of this Agreement;
I Any harm, delays, injuries or other damages incurred by any party as a result of any subsurface conditions on the Site caused solely by Developer, including but not limited to, the presence of buried debris, hazardous materials, hydrocarbons, or any form of soil contamination.

7.2.4. Loss and Damage. Except as set forth below, the City shall not be liable for any damage to property of Developer, nor for the loss of or damage to any property of Developer by theft or otherwise. The foregoing sentence shall not apply (i) to the extent arising from the gross negligence or willful misconduct by the City or its agents, employees, subcontractors, invitees or representatives when accessing the Site, or (ii) under the circumstances set forth in Section 7.2.2 above.

7.2.5. Period of Indemnification. The obligations for indemnity under this Section 7.2 shall begin upon the Effective Date and shall survive the expiration or termination of the Term of this Agreement (unless earlier terminated prior to commencement of construction of the New Digital Billboard) for the period of five (5) years. Developer’s indemnification obligations as set forth in Section 7.2.1 shall terminate concurrently with termination of this Agreement for any reason pursuant to Section 6.1 above prior to commencement of construction.

65431.00103\43125504.2

21 7.3. Waiver of Subrogation. Developer and the City mutually agree that neither shall make any claim against, nor seek to recover from the other party or its agents, servants, or employees, for any loss or damage to Developer or the City or to any person or property relating to this A greement, except as specifically provided hereunder, which include but is not limited to a claim or liability to the extent arising from the negligence or willful misconduct of the City or Developer, as the case may be, or their respective officers, agents, or employees who are directly responsible to the City and Developer, as the case may be.

8. MORTGAGEE PROTECTION. The parties hereto agree that this Agreement shall not prevent or limit Developer, in any manner, at Developer’s sole discretion, from encumbering Developer’s interest in the Site or any portion thereof or the Development or any improvement on the Site thereon by any mortgage, deed of trust or other security device securing financing with respect to the Site, however, such encumbrance shall not impair, conflict, or decrease the City’s rights and increase the City’s obligations under this Agreement. The City acknowledges that the lenders providing such financing may require certain Agreement interpretations and modifications and the City agrees upon request, from time to time, to meet with Developer or Owner and representatives of such lenders to negotiate in good faith any such request for interpretation or modification.

Subject to compliance with applicable laws, the City will not unreasonably withhold its consent to any such requested interpretation or modification, provided the C ity determines such interpretation or modification is consistent with the intent and purposes of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the City shall not be obligated to approve any interpretation or modification that: (i) m aterially alters the Ci ty’s rights or obligations under this Agreement; (ii) conflicts with applicable laws or regulations; or (iii) creates additional financial or operational obligations for the City. Upon reasonable approval by the City Attorney, the City authorizes the City Manager to execute any Notices of Consent to Assignment on behalf of the City or similar financial documentation. Any Mortgagee of the Site shall be entitled to the following rights and privileges.

8.1.1. Neither entering into this Agreement nor a breach of this Agreement shall defeat, render invalid, diminish or impair the lien of any mortgage on the Development of the Site or any mortgage of the Site made in good faith and for value, unless otherwise required by law.

8.1.2. The Mortgagee of any mortgage or deed of trust encumbering the Development of the Site or any mortgage or deed of trust encumbering the Site, or any part thereof, which Mortgagee has submitted a request in writing to the City in the manner specified herein for giving notices, shall be entitled to receive written notification from the City of any default by Developer in the performance of Developer’s obligations under this Agreement.

8.1.3. If the City timely receives a request from a Mortgagee requesting a copy of any Notice of Non-Compliance given to Developer under the terms of this Agreement, the City shall make a good faith effort to provide a copy of that Notice of Non -Compliance to the Mortgagee within ten (10) days of sending the Notice of Non -Compliance to Developer. The Mortgagee shall have the right, but not the obligation, to cure the non - 65431.00103\43125504.2

22 compliance during the period that is the longer of (i) the remaining cure period allowed such party under this Agreement, or (ii) sixty (60) days.

8.1.4. Any Mortgagee who comes into possession of the Development or the Site, or any part thereof, pursuant to foreclosure of the mortgage or deed of trust, or deed in lieu of such foreclosure, shall take the Development or the Site, or part thereof, subject to the terms of this Agreement. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, no Mortgagee shall have an obligation or duty under this Agreement to perform any of Developer’s obligations or other affirmative covenants of Developer hereunder, or to guarantee such performance; except that (i) to the extent that any covenant to be performed by Developer is a condition precedent to the performance of a covenant by the City, the performance thereof shall continue to be a condition precedent to the City’s performance hereunder, and (ii) in the event any Mortgagee seeks to develop or use any portion of the Development or the Site acquired by such Mortgagee by foreclosure, deed of trust, or deed in lieu of foreclosure, such Mortgagee shall stri ctly comply with all of the terms, conditions and requirements of this Agreement and the Development Approvals applicable to the Development or the Site or such part thereof so acquired by the Mortgagee.

9. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.

9.1. Recordation of Agreement. This Agreement shall be recorded in the Official Records of the Los Angeles County Recorder within ten (10) days of execution, as required by Government Code Section 65868.5. Amendments approved by the parties, and any cancellation, shall be similarly recorded.

9.2. Entire Agreement. This Agreement sets forth and contains the entire understanding and agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter set forth herein, and there are no oral or written representations, understandings or ancillary covenants, undertakings or agreements which are not contained or expressly referred to herein. No testimony or evidence of any such representations, understandings or covenants shall be admissible in any proceeding of any kind or nature to interpret or determine the terms or conditions of this Agreement.

9.3. Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or condition of this Agreement shall be determined invalid, void or unenforceable, then that term, provision, covenant or condition of this Agreement shall be stricken and the remaining portion of this Agreement shall remain valid and enforceable if that stricken term, provision, covenant or condition is not material to th e main purpose of this Agreement, which is to allow the Development to be permitted and operated and to provide the Public Benefit Contribution Fee to the City; otherwise, this Agreement shall terminate in its entirety, unless the parties otherwise agree in writing, which agreement shall not be unreasonably withheld.

65431.00103\43125504.2

23 9.4. Interpretation and Governing Law. This Agreement and any dispute arising hereunder shall be governed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of California. This Agreement shall be construed as a whole according to its fair language and common meaning, to achieve the objectives and purposes of the parties hereto. The rule of construction, to the effect that ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party or in favor of the non-drafting party, shall not be employed in interpreting this Agreement, all parties having been represented by counsel in the negotiation and preparation hereof.

9.5. Section Headings. All section headings and subheadings are inserted for convenience only and shall not affect any construction or interpretation of this Agreement.

9.6. Singular and Plural. As used herein, the singular of any word includes the plural.

9.7. Time of Essence. Time is of the essence in the performance of the provisions of this Agreement as to which time is an element.

9.8. Waiver. Failure of a party to insist upon the strict performance of any of the provisions of this Agreement by the other party, or the failure by a party to exercise its rights upon the default of the other party, shall not constitute a waiver of such party’s right to insist and demand strict compliance by the other party with the terms of this Agreement thereafter.

9.9. No Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is made and entered into for the sole protection and benefit for the parties and Owner and their respective successors and assigns. No other person shall have any right of action based upon any provision of this Agreement.

9.10. Force Majeure. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary herein, neither party shall be deemed to be in default where failure or delay in performance of any of its obligations under this Agreement is caused by earthquakes, other acts of God, pandemic, epidemic, fires, rains, winds, wars, terrorism, riots or similar hostilities, strikes and other labor difficulties beyond the party’s control (including the party’s employment force), government actions and regulations (other than those of the City), court actions (such as restraining orders or injunctions), any delay or breach in performance of Owner’s obligations under the Owner Agreement or any other causes beyond the party’s reasonable control. If any such events shall occur during the term of this Agreement then the time for performance shall be extended for the duration of each such event, provided that the Term of this Agreement shall not be extended under any circumstances for more than five (5) years beyond the date it would have otherwise expired, and further provided 65431.00103\43125504.2

24 that if such delay is longer than six (6) months, Developer may terminate this Agreement upon written notice to the City and the City shall return to Developer any portion of the Public Benefit Contribution Fee paid for any period after the effective date of such termination.

9.11. Mutual Covenants. The covenants contained herein are mutual covenants and also constitute conditions to the concurrent or subsequent performance by the party benefited thereby of the covenants to be performed hereunder by such benefited party.

9.12. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed by the parties in counterparts, which counterparts shall be construed together and have the same effect as if all of the parties had executed the same instrument.

9.13. Litigation. Any action at law or in equity arising under this Agreement or brought by any party hereto for the purpose of enforcing, construing or determining the validity of any provision of this Agreement shall be filed and tried in the Superior Court of the County of Los Angeles, State of California, or such other appropriate court in said county. Service of process on the City shall be made in accordance with California law.

Service of process on Developer shall be made in any manner permitted by Calif ornia law and shall be effective whether served inside or outside California.

9.14. Covenant Not to Sue. The parties to this Agreement, and each of them, agree that this Agreement and each term hereof are legal, valid, binding, and enforceable.

The parties to this Agreement, and each of them, hereby covenant and agree that each of them will not commence, maintain, or prosecute any claim, demand, cause of action, suit, or other proceeding against any other party to this Agreement, in law or in equity, which is based on an allegation, or assert in any such action, that this Agreement or any term hereof is void, invalid, or unenforceable.

9.15. Development as a Private Undertaking. It is specifically understood and agreed by and between the parties hereto that the Development is a private development, that neither party is acting as the agent of the other in any respect hereunder, and that each party is an independent contracting entity with respect to the terms, covenants and conditions contained in this Agreement. No partnership, joint venture or other association of any kind is formed by this Agreement. The only relationship between the City and Developer is that of a government entity regulating the development of property, on the one hand, and the holder of a legal or equitable interest in such property on the other hand. The City agrees that by its approval of, and entering into, this Agreement, that it is not taking any action which would transform this private development into a “public works” development, and that nothing herein shall be interpreted to convey upon Developer any benefit which would transform Developer’s private development into a public work s project, it being understood that this Agreement is entered into by the City and Developer upon the exchange of consideration de scribed in this Agreement, including the Recitals 65431.00103\43125504.2

25 to this Agreement which are incorporated into this Agreement and made a part hereof, and that the City is receiving by and through this Agreement the full measure of benefit in exchange for the burdens placed on Developer by this Agreement.

9.16. Further Actions and Instruments. Each of the parties shall cooperate with and provide reasonable assistance to the other to the extent contemplated hereunder in the performance of all obligations under this Agreement and the satisfaction of the conditions of this Agreement. Upon the request of either party at any time, the other party shall promptly execute, with acknowledgment or affidavit if reasonably required, and file or record such required instruments and writings and take any actions as may be reasonably necessary under the terms of this Agreement to carry out the intent and to fulfill the provisions of this Agreement or to evidence or consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

9.17. Eminent Domain. No provision of this Agreement shall be construed to limit or restrict the exercise by the City of its power of eminent domain or Developer’s or Owner’s right to seek and collect just compensation or any other remedy available to it.

9.18. Amendments in Writing/Cooperation. This Agreement may be amended only by written consent of both parties specifically approving the amendment (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed) and in accordance with the Government Code provisions for the amendment o f development agreements.

The parties shall cooperate in good faith with respect to any amendment proposed in order to clarify the intent and application of this Agreement and shall treat any such proposal on its own mer its, and not as a basis for the introduction of unrelated matters.

Minor, non -material modifications may be approved on behalf of the City by the City Manager upon reasonable approval by the City Attorney.

9.19. Assignment. Except with respect to Permitted Assignments (as defined below), Developer shall not transfer or assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement (collectively, an “ Assignment”) to any person or entity without the prior approval of the City, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Permitted Assignments shall not be deemed an “Assignment” for the purposes of this Agreement and shall no t require the prior approval of the City; provided that, (a) Developer shall notify the City in writing of such proposed Permitted Assignment at least thirty (30) days prior to the effective date of any proposed assignment or transfer, (b) Developer and su ch assignee shall enter into a written assignment and assumption agreement, executed in recordable form, pursuant to which such assignee shall agree to assume all duties and obligations of Developer under this Agreement remaining to be performed from and after the date of such assignment , (c) Assignee must be another company that currently owns and operates digital billboard signs of similar size and financial qualifications as the Developer , and Assignee must demonstrate financial capacity and operational qualifications equal to or exceeding those 65431.00103\43125504.2

26 of Developer as of the Effective Date . For purposes of this Agreement, “ Permitted Assignment” shall mean (i) a transfer or assignment to any person or entity in connection with a transfer or assignment of all of Developer’s interest in the Lease or the Owner Agreement, (ii) a transfer or assignment to a corporation, limited liability company or partnership in which Developer, individually or collectively, hold a voting and financial interest in excess of fifty percent (50%), (iii) a transfer or assignment to a member of Developer, (iv) a transfer or assignment to a trust or other estate planning entity formed for the benefit of Developer’s immediate family members (spouse and children) , and (v) a transfer or assignment of this Agreement by Developer to Owner . Failure to comply with any condition set forth in this Section shall render the Permitted Assignment invalid and unenforceable, and the Developer shall remain fully responsible for all obligations under this Agreement.

9.20. Corporate Authority. The person(s) executing this Agreement on behalf of each of the parties hereto represent and warrant that (i) such party, if not an individual, is duly organized and existing, (ii) they are duly authorized to execute and deliver this Agreement on behalf of said party, (iii) by so executing this Agreement such party is formally bound to the provisions of this Agreement, and (iv) the entering into this Agreement does not violate any provision of any other agreeme nt to which such party is bound.

9.21. Notices. All notices under this Agreement shall be effective when delivered by United States Postal Service mail, registered or certified, postage prepaid return receipt requested or nationally recognized overnight courier, and addressed to the respective parties as set forth below, or to such other address as either party may from time to time designate in writing by providing notice to the other party:

If to the City: City of Baldwin Park
4403 E. Pacific Avenue
Baldwin Park, CA 91706
Attn: City Manager

If to Developer: Allvision LLC
c/o Allvision LLC
125 Park Avenue, 25th Floor
New York, NY 10017
Attn: Greg Smith, CEO

With a copy to: Allvision LLC
c/o Allvision LLC
125 Park Avenue, 25th Floor
New York, NY 10017
Attn: General Counsel
65431.00103\43125504.2

27 9.22. Nonliability of City Officials. No officer, official, member, employee, agent, or representatives of the City shall be liable for any amounts due hereunder, and no judgment or execution thereon entered in any action hereon shall be personally enforced against any such officer, official, member, employee, agent, or representative.

9.23. No Brokers. The City and Developer each represent and warrant to the other that it has not employed any broker and/or finder to represent its interest in this transaction. Each party agrees to indemnify and hold the other free and harmless from and against any and all liability, loss, cost, or expense (including court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees) in any manner connected with a claim asserted by any individual or entity for any commission or finder’s fee in connection with this Agreement or arising out of agreements by the indemnifying party to pay any commission or finder’s fee.

9.24. No Amendment of Owner Agreement or Lease. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to amend or modify any of the terms or provisions of the Lease or Owner Agreement. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall constitute or be deemed to constitute a limit on any of Developer’s obligations under the Owner Agreement or the Lease, or any of Owner’s rights or remedies against Developer under the Owner Agreement or the Lease.

9.25. Right of Owner to Assume Agreement. This Agreement is entered into by Developer on Owner’s behalf as Owner’s agent pursuant to the Owner Agreement.

Owner has the right at any time to assume all of the rights and obligations of Developer under this Agreement upon written notice to the City. This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect, notwithstanding Owner’s assumption rights.

(SIGNATURES ON THE FOLLOWING PAGE)

65431.00103\43125504.2

28 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement on the day and year first set forth above.

CITY:

City of Baldwin Park, a California municipal corporation

By:

Enrique C. Zaldivar, CEO

Attest:

Christopher Saenz, City Clerk

Approved as to form:

By:

Best Best & Krieger LLP
City Attorney

DEVELOPER: ALLVISION LLC
a Delaware limited liability company
By:

Its:

65431.00103\43125504.2

A notary public or other officer completing this certificate verifies only the identity of the individual who signed the document to which this certificate is attached, and not the truthfulness, accuracy, or validity of that document.

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

COUNTY OF
On , , before me,
(here insert name and title of the officer)
personally appeared

,
who proved to me on the basis of satisfactory evidence to be the person(s) whose name(s) is/are subscribed to the within instrument and acknowledged to me that he/she/they executed the same in his/her/their authorized capacity(ies), and that by his/her/their signature(s) on the instrument the person(s), or the entity upon behalf of which the person(s) acted, executed the instrument.

I certify under PENALTY OF PERJURY under the laws of the State of that the foregoing paragraph is true and correct.

WITNESS my hand and official seal.

Signature

(Seal)

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

COUNTY OF
On , , before me,
(here insert name and title of the officer)
personally appeared

I certify under PENALTY OF PERJURY under the laws of the State of that the foregoing paragraph is true and correct.

WITNESS my hand and official seal.

Signature

(Seal)

65431.00103\43125504.2

EXHIBIT “A”

LEGAL DESCRIPTION OF SITE
[INSERT]

All that certain real property located in the City of Baldwin Park, County of Los Angeles, State of California more particularly described as follows:

65431.00103\43125504.2

Exhibit B

EXHIBIT “B”

SCOPE OF DEVELOPMENT
Developer and the City agree that the Development shall be undertaken in accordance with the terms of the Agreement, which include the following:

1. The Development. Developer shall install the New Digital Billboard on the Site in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The New Digital Billboard consists of one (1) ________3 foot tall, “bulletin” size V-Shaped4 freeway-oriented billboard with a total of two (2) digital displays (each display measuring 14’ x 48’ within the billboard frame) adjacent to the Interstate 10 Freeway. Before the issuance of final inspection of the Final Permits, Developer shall underground all utilities necessary for the New Digital Billboard and the Site shall be maintained in accordance with the conditions at Section 3 below.

2. Building Fees. Developer shall pay all applicable City building fees at the time that the building permit is issued for the installation of the New Digital Billboard.

3. Maintenance and Access. Developer, for itself and its successors and assigns, hereby covenants and agrees to be solely responsible, at its sole cost and expense, for the following:
(a) Prompt maintenance and repair of the New Digital Billboard (where authorized pursuant to the Agreement, and including but not limited to, the displays installed thereon, and all related on-site improvements and, if applicable, easements and rights-of- way, at its sole cost and expense), including, without limitation, poles, lighting, signs and walls (as they relate to the Development) to be kept in good repair, free of graffiti, rubbish, debris and other hazards to persons using the same, and in accordance with all applicable laws, rules, ordinances and regulations of all federal, state, and local bodies and agencies having jurisdiction over the Site. Such maintenance and repair shall include, but not be limited to, the repair, replacement and repainting of the New Digital Billboard’s structures and displays as necessary to maintain such billboards in good condition and repair. (b) Maintenance of the New Digital Billboard in such a manner as to avoid the reasonable determination of a duly authorized official of the City that a public nuisance has been created by the absence of adequate maintenance of the Development such as to be det rimental to the public health, safety or general welfare, or that such a condition of deterioration or disrepair causes appreciable harm or is materially detrimental to property or improvements within three hundred (300) feet of the Site. (c) If more than ten percent (10%) of the display is not operational, the entire display shall be turned off and remain black until the display is repaired.

4. Other Rights of the City. In the event of any violation or threatened violation of any of the provisions of this Exhibit “B”, then in addition to, but not in lieu of, any of the

3 Open - subject to completion of Site Plan.
4 Open – subject to completion of Site Plan.
65431.00103\43125504.2

Exhibit B

rights or remedies the City may have to enforce the provisions of the Agreement, the City shall have the right, after complying with Section 5.2 and Section 5.3 of the Agreement, to enforce the provisions hereof by undertaking any maintenance or repairs required by Developer under Section 3 above (subject to the execution of a permit to enter in form reasonably acceptable to Owner) and charging Developer for any actual out -of-pocket maintenance costs incurred in performing same.

5. No City Liability. The granting of a right of enforcement to the City does not create a mandatory duty on the part of the City to enforce any provision of the Agreement.

The failure of the City to enforce the Agreement shall not give rise to a cause of action on the part of any person. No officer or employee of the City shall be personally liable to Developer, its successors, transferees or assigns, for any default or breach by the City under the Agreement.

6. Conditions of Approval. The following additional conditions shall apply to the installation of the New Digital Billboard and, where stated, which billboard shall conform to all applicable provisions of the Development Approvals and the following conditions, in a manner subject to the approval of the Director of Planning or his or her designee:5
(a) A building permit will be required, and structural calculations shall be prepared by a licensed civil engineer and approved by the City. (b) The Billboard shall be located in the portion of the Site shown on Exhibit “C” and shall be of the dimensions described in Section 1, above. (c) Except to the extent a variance is granted by the City, the size of each sign display of the New Digital Billboard shall not exceed the dimensions set forth in the Ordinance, and shall not exceed the maximum height set forth in the Ordinance, including all extensions, and shall be spaced at intervals from any other billboard on the same side of the freeway and measured parallel to the freeway as set forth in the Ordinance and depicted in the Site Plan attached hereto as Exhibit “C” approved by the City as p art of the Development Approvals.
(d) Plans and specifications for the proposed installation of the New Digital Billboard shall be submitted to the City Planning and Building Departments for plan check and approval prior to the issuance of building permits. Plans and specifications for the proposed installation of the undergrounding of all utilities, shall be submitted to the City Planning and Building Departments for plan check and approval prior to the issuance of electrical permits.
(e) Prior to the approval of the final inspection, all applicable conditions of approval and all mandatory improvements shall be completed to the reasonable satisfaction of the City.

5 Items listed below subject to finalizing Site Plan and Review of Land Use Regulations 65431.00103\43125504.2

Exhibit B

(f) Developer shall maintain the New Digital Billboard and use thereof in full compliance with the Agreement, and all applicable codes, standards, policies and regulations imposed by the City, county, state or federal agencies with jurisdiction over the facilities.
(g) Developer shall, at all times, comply with the terms of the approval for the New Digital Billboard from the California Department of Transportation Outdoor Advertising Division, including obtaining a State ODA Permit and shall maintain acceptable clearance between proposed billboards and Southern California Edison distribution lines.
(h) Developer shall pay any and all applicable fees due to any public agency prior to the final issuance of the applicable building or electrical permits. (i) The activities proposed in the Agreement shall be conducted completely upon the Site and shall not use or encroach on any public right-of-way. (j) Developer shall ensure that all access to the New Digital Billboard is kept restricted to the general public to the extent permitted under local laws and by the Development Approvals.
(k) Developer shall comply with all necessary federal National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) requirements pertaining to the proposed use, to the extent applicable.
(m) All graffiti shall be adequately and completely removed or painted over promptly following notice to Developer of such graffiti being affixed on the Development.
(n) Developer shall comply with State law regarding the limitation of light or glare or such other standards as adopted by the Outdoor Advertising Association of America, Inc. (OAAA), including but not limited to, the 0.3 foot -candles limitation over ambient light levels at a distance of 250 feet, and ensuring additional flexibility in reducing such maximum light level standard given the lighting environment and the obligation to have automatic diming capabilities. Upon any reasonable complaint by City Manager or his or her designee, Developer shall perform a brightness measurement and display using OAAA standards and provide City with the results of same within five (5) days of City ’s complaint.

65431.00103\43125504.2

Exhibit C

EXHIBIT “C”

SITE PLAN AND ELEVATIONS

[See Attached]

RESOLUTION PC 2025-004

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
BALDWIN PARK 1) APPROVING A DEVELOPMENT

AGREEMENT FOR THE CONSTURCITON OF A TWO -SIDED

DIGITAL BILLBOARD LOCATED IN THE RAILROAD RIGHT -
OF-WAY ADJACENT TO 3100 BALDWIN PARK BLVD, WITH

THE SPECIFIC LOCATION SHOWN ON THE PLANS ON
FILE WITH THE CITY PLANNER , AND 2) ADOPT ING AN

INITIAL STUDY AND MITIGATED NEGATIVE

DECLARATION AND MITIGATION MONITORING AND
REPORTING PROGRAM . (LOCATION: 3100 BALDWIN
PARK BLVD.; APPLICANT: ALLVISION, LLC . CASE
NUMBER: DA 24-01).

SECTION 1. The City Council of the City of Baldwin Park does hereby find, determine, and declare as follows:

(a) An application (“Application”) for a Development Agreement was submitted by Allvision, LL C for a project on a certain real property, located at 3100 Baldwin Park Blvd. in the City of Baldwin Park, described more particularly in the Application on file with the City Planner; and

(b) The Application was for a Development Agreement between the Applicant and the City for a new two-sided digital billboard; and

(c) A duly noticed public hearing was held on February 19 , 2025, for said Application by City Council , and based upon evidence presented including applicable staff report and each member of the City Council being familiar with the property, it was determined that the facts as required by the Baldwin Park Municipal Code for the granting of such Application are present and that the Development Agreement should be granted, subject to the terms of this Resolution; and

(d) Each fact set forth in the staff rep ort dated February 19 , 2025 from Nick Baldwin, City Planner to the Mayor and City Council (“Staff Report”) is true and correct.

SECTION 2. An Initial Study was prepared for the proposed Project in accordance with the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), as amended, and the CEQA Guidelines. The City, as the Lead Agency, has determined, on the basis of the Initial Study, that the proposed Project will not have a significant impact on the environment and a Mitigated Negative Declaration was prepared; and

Resolution CC 2025-004
February 19, 2025

Page 2 ends

(a) The Initial Study and Mitigated Negative Declaration were made available to the public for review and comment as required by law between December 23, 2024 to January 13, 2025; and

(b) Comments were received on the Initial Study and Mitigated Negative Declaration from Mark Baker; and

(c) A properly noticed public hearing was held by the Planning Commission of the City of Baldwin Park on January 22, 2025, at which time evidence was heard on the Initial Study and Mitigated Negative Declaration and proposed Development Agreement . At the hearing, the Planning Commission fully reviewed and carefully considered that evidence, no additional comments were received at the hearing, and the Planning Commission recommended approval of the Negative Declaration for the Project; and

(d) A properly noticed public hearing was held by the City Council of the City of Baldwin Park on February 19, 2025 , at which time evidence was heard on the Initial Study and Mitigated Negative Declaration and proposed Development Agreement; and

SECTION 3. The City Council reviewed and considered the Mitigated Negative Declaration of Environmental Impact and determined the Project will not have a significant impact on the environment. The Negative Mitigated Declaration is therefore hereby approved.

SECTION 4. The City Council does hereby adopt the following Findings of Fact applicable to all Development Agreements:
(a) The development agreement is consistent with the General Plan objectives, policies, land uses and implementation programs and any other adopted plans or policies applicable to the agreement. The proposed digital billboard project is consistent with the General Plan, specifically Goals 1 and 5 of the Economic Development Chapter. Goal 1 encourages and facilitates activities that expand the City’s revenue base. The City will collect fees as negotiated through the Development Agreement, which will bring much needed revenue to the City. Also Goal 5 of the same chapter promotes economic development along the I -10 corridor through the establishment of uses most likely to benefit from freeway frontage. The proposed project fits this description since the billboards location next to the freeway is essential for the advertising to reach potential customers.

(b) The development agreement is compatible with the uses authorized in, and the regulations prescribed for, the land use district in which the real property is located. The proposed billboard will be located in the FC, Freeway Commercial zone, which is intended commercial uses that benefit from close proximity to the freeway. The digital billboard will be Resolution CC 2025-004
February 19, 2025

Page 3 ends

constructed immediately adjacent to the freeway and will capitalize on the thousands of potential customers that travel this particular section of the I - 10 freeway.

(c) The development agreement is in conformance with the public convenience and general welfare of persons residing in the immediate area and will not be detrimental or injurious to property or persons in the general neighborhood or to the general welfare of the residents of the city as a whole. The proposed billboard will not be detrimental to the general welfare of the persons residing in the area or injurious to the property or persons in the general neighborhood or city as a whole. The lower section of the billboard will take up a tiny portion of land of approximately 36 square feet in area and this land is located in the railroad right -of-way where other commercial uses are not typically allowed by Metro. Also, the billboard advertising faces will be oriented toward the freeway and not be very visible, if at all, from the neighboring properties. The billboards will operate in a safe manner pertaining to brightness and frequency of scrolling that are established by Federal, State, and local standards.

(d) The development agreement is consistent with the provisions of California Government Code §§ 65864 - 65869.5. Cal. Gov’t Code Section 65864 through 65869.5 are State laws that govern how development agreements shall be completed and the City’s Municipal Code Section pertaining to development agreements, BPMC 153.210.850, provides local standards and processes for development agreements that are consistent with State law.

SECTION 5. The City Clerk shall certify to the adoption of this Resolution and forward a copy hereof to the City Clerk and the Applicant.

PASSED AND APPROVED this 19th day of February, 2025.

_____________________________________

ALEJANDRA AVILA
MAYOR

Resolution CC 2025-004
February 19, 2025

Page 4 ends

ATTEST:

STATE OF CALIFORNIA
COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES ss.

CITY OF BALDWIN PARK

I, CHRISTOPHER SAENZ, Clerk of the Baldwin Park City Council, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution No. 2005-004 was duly and regularly approved and adopted by the City Council at a regular meeting thereof, held on the 19th day of February, 2025 by the following vote:

AYES:

NOES:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:

________________________________________

CHRISTOPHER SAENZ

CITY CLERK

ATTACHMENT #5
Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration and Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program
https://www.baldwinpark.com/DocumentCenter/View/2755/ISMND -with-Appendicies-for-AllVision-Metro-Billboard

From: Mark Baker
To: Nick Baldwin
Cc: Los Angeles Beautiful; NO DIGITAL BILLBOARDS IN SAN JOSE Subject: 3100 Baldwin Park Blvd Digital Billboard - Public Comment from the Soft Lights Foundation Date: Friday, January 3, 2025 6:32:29 PM
Attachments: Administrative Record - LED Lights.pdf
Health and Environmental Impact Assessment.pdf
You don't often get email from [email protected]. Learn why this is important CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. DO NOT click links or open attachments unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. If you are unsure about an attachment or have questions, please contact IT Support.

Dear Nick Baldwin, AICP, City Planner, Baldwin Park, California, Please find attached a report from the Soft Lights Foundation regarding the environmental and health impacts of LED light. This information shall be used by city officials for any project that uses LEDs, including LED digital billboards. The attached information has been customized for the proposed digital billboard at 3100 Baldwin Park Blvd.

LEDs emit light with special characteristics that must be accounted for during the planning portion of any project involving LEDs, such as LED digital displays. Planners must specify the luminance, radiance, beam angle, spectral power distribution, and flicker characteristics of the LED light source. Traditional measurement techniques such as using a lux meter are not valid for an LED light source because of the special characteristics of LEDs.

This email establishes part of the Administrative Record for any project involving LED products, including LED digital billboards, and shall be produced as part of any Public Records Request or CEQA Action.

Sincerely,
Mark Baker
President
Soft Lights Foundation
www.softlights.org
[email protected]
X: @softlights_org
Bluesky: @softlights-org.bsky.social
From: Mark Baker
To: Nick Baldwin
Subject: 3100 Baldwin Park Blvd Digital Billboard - Public Comment from the Soft Lights Foundation Date: Saturday, January 4, 2025 10:33:06 PM
You don't often get email from [email protected]. Learn why this is important CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. DO NOT click links or open attachments unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. If you are unsure about an attachment or have questions, please contact IT Support.

Dear Nick Baldwin, AICP, City Planner, Baldwin Park, California, I am sharing with Baldwin Park this video which demonstrates how LEDs are not point sources and that the LED light does not disperse following an inverse square law. (https://youtu.be/KjujQLyIuc0
). FKA's analysis of the light distribution from an LED digital billboard is fatally flawed because of their invalid assumption that the light from an LED disperses rapidly following an inverse square law. In fact, LEDs are directional, and there is little dispersion over distance, which causes significantly more harm to drivers and property owners than FKA's analysis shows.

Sincerely,
Mark Baker
President
Soft Lights Foundation
www.softlights.org
[email protected]
X: @softlights_org
Bluesky: @softlights-org.bsky.social
From: Mark Baker
To: Nick Baldwin
Subject: 3100 Baldwin Park Blvd Digital Billboard - Public Comment from the Soft Lights Foundation Date: Saturday, January 4, 2025 11:01:22 PM
Attachments: image.png
You don't often get email from [email protected]. Learn why this is important CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. DO NOT click links or open attachments unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. If you are unsure about an attachment or have questions, please contact IT Support.

Dear Nick Baldwin, AICP, City Planner, Baldwin Park, California, I wish to provide another source of evidence that LEDs are not point sources and that the light from an LED digital display does not disperse following an inverse square law. This information is from the Lighting Resource Center at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. (https://www.lrc.rpi.edu/resources/publications/pdf/illuminationfund.pdf) LEDs are strongly directional and the so-called Five Times Rule is not applicable to LEDs.

Sincerely,
Mark Baker
President
Soft Lights Foundation
www.softlights.org
[email protected]
X: @softlights_org
Bluesky: @softlights-org.bsky.social
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Foundation

9450 SW Gemini Drive
PMB 44671
Beaverton, OR 97008
www.softlights.org

ADMINISTRATIVE RECORD – LED LIGHTS AND LED DISPLAYS
By Soft Lights Foundation
Introduction
Any agency that is considering a project involving a Light Emitting Diode (“LED”) must recognize that the use of LED products can create discriminatory barriers which interfere with path-of-travel for certain individuals. Therefore, an agency which is considering a project involving LEDs is required to perform an analysis to establish an Administrative Record that the agency has dutifully considered the impacts of LED lights and LED displays on the civil rights of all individuals, including those with disabilities.
14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause
The 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause of the US Constitution requires state and local governments to ensure that all individuals are provided equal protection. The introduction of LED lights and LED displays has created two classes of individuals: those who can neurologically tolerate LED light, and those who cannot neurologically tolerate LED light. Both classes must be treated equally.

Therefore, if an agency wishes to use LED lighting or an LED display in a public space, the agency must publish a policy that explains how the class of individuals who cannot tolerate LED light will be afforded equal protection.

Individuals with Disabilities
The use of LED light discriminates against certain individuals with disabilities such as individuals with epilepsy, autism, migraines, PTSD, photophobia, and other neurological conditions because the LED light triggers non-epileptic and epileptic seizures, migraines, nausea, vomiting, anxiety, panic, and thoughts of suicide. The use of LED light may subject these individuals to discrimination and will violate their civil rights, and thus an agency considering the use of LED light must publish an analysis of the impacts of the LED lights or LED displays on individuals with disabilities.

Rehabilitation Act Section 504
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities for projects that receive federal funding. An agency that is considering using LED light for a project that receives federal funding must publish an analysis showing that the LED lights or LED displays will not create an unlawful discriminatory barrier.
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Americans with Disabilities Act
The Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”) prohibits discrimination and protects the right to path-of-travel without discriminatory barriers. For architectural changes such as the alteration of installing LED lights, 28 C.F.R. 35.151(b)(1) states:

Each facility or part of a facility altered by, on behalf of, or for the use of a public entity in a manner that affects or could affect the usability of the facility or part of the facility shall, to the maximum extent feasible, be altered in such manner that the altered portion of the facility is readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities, if the alteration was commenced after January 26, 1992.
28 C.F.R. 35.151(b)(1) thus requires that the alteration of installing or operating LED lights or LED displays must ensure that the altered area be readily accessible and usable by individuals with disabilities. Since LED light interferes with path-of-travel for certain individuals with disabilities, an agency that is considering installing or operating LED lights or LED displays must publish an analysis of the path-of-travel impacts of LED lights and LED displays on individuals with disabilities.

US Food and Drug Administration
21 U.S.C. 360ii(a) states, “The Secretary shall establish and carry out an electronic product radiation control program designed to protect the public health and safety from electronic product radiation.” Thus, The US Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) is required under 21 U.S.C. 360ii to establish a Radiation Control Program for LED products to minimize exposure to, and emissions of, LED Visible Light electromagnetic radiation from electronic products. However, the FDA has failed to comply with this statute, and the FDA has not published any performance standards for LED products to ensure the health, safety, and civil rights of the public.

Thousands of reports of harm from exposure to LED products have been submitted to the FDA, but the FDA has not acted on these reports.

Summary
Any agency that is considering the installation or operation of LED lights or LED displays must follow administrative law and establish an Administrative Record of analysis showing that the proposed LED project will not violate the 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause, Rehabilitation Act Section 504, or Americans with Disabilities Act.

December 20, 2024

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Foundation

9450 SW Gemini Drive
PMB 44671
Beaverton, OR 97008

January 3, 2025

BY EMAIL
Nick Baldwin, City Planner
Baldwin Park, California
[email protected]

Re: Health and Environmental Impacts of LED Digital Billboards Dear Nick Baldwin,

The US Department of Energy states that LEDs are a “radically new technology” that emit a “directional” light with “unique characteristics”.1 LED digital displays are known to cause seizures and migraines for certain individuals with disabilities, and thus their use in public spaces creates an unlawful discriminatory barrier.

In Appendix A of the Baldwin Park Metro Sign Lighting Study by Francis Krahe and Associates, page 7, the authors state, “Light degrades rapidly relative to the distance from the light source (see Inverse Square Law, Glossary, below).” This is not a true statement for directional light sources from a flat surface LED chip. Physicist Dr. M. Nisa Khan, in her December 2024 book Blinding LED Headlights, on page 42 states, “It started with mainstream refusing to recognize that a flat radiator, such as an LED chip, is not a point source and it does not obey the inverse-square law for light emission in space.”2 In addition, Dr. Khan writes that she has proven mathematically that an LED emits a non-uniform Lambertian spatial profile. Both statements are consistent with the DOE’s statement that LEDs are a “directional” light with “unique characteristics.”

The Illuminating Engineering Society quoted by Francis Krahe has not yet publicly acknowledged that LED light does not follow an inverse square law, and that LED light is spatially non-uniform in a Lambertian shape. Because of the failure of the IES to update their standards for flat surface emitters such as LEDs, Francis Krahe has made a major error by claiming that LED light sources follow an inverse square law and assuming that LEDs emit spatially uniform light. Thus, the entire lighting study by Francis Krahe for the proposed LED digital billboard is invalid.

The luminance of the proposed LED billboard is 300 candela per square meter at night. This is orders of magnitude higher than a neon sign which has a luminance of about 8 candela per square meter. Studies have shown that 300 candela per square meter is the upper limit for human comfort, and at night, in contrast with the surroundings, 300 cd/m2 will be far too bright. Page 66 of the Draft EIR

1 https://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/publications/pdfs/ssl/ssl_lessons -learned_2014.pdf 2 https://www.amazon.com/Blinding-LED-Headlights-Biggest-Blunder-ebook/dp/B0DR6BHGFD/ref=sr_1_1 2 of 76

states, “The placing of any light source “. . . of any color of such brilliance as to impair the vision of drivers upon the highway” is prohibited (California Vehicle Code § 21466.5).” A 300 cd/m2 digital billboard will certainly be too bright for the general public and will capture the attention and impair the vision and cognitive functioning of individuals with autism spectrum disorder.

As the President of the Soft Lights Foundation, I filed a CEQA lawsuit against the Bay Area Toll Authority, Metropolitan Transportation Commission, and CalTrans for failing to comply with CEQA for the Bay Lights 360 project.3 It is expected that, once these agencies do perform the required CEQA EIR, the information about how LED light does not follow an inverse square law, how LED lights trigger seizures and migraines and impair vision and cognitive functioning, and the cumulative impacts of light pollution, will be more fully explored.

The EIR for the proposed LED digital billboard must contain at least the following analysis sections.

1. Ecology. See Appendix A.

2. Human Health. See Appendix B.

3. Disability Rights. See Appendix C.

4. Reports of Harm. See Appendix D.

5. Public Policy. See Appendix E.

Based on the information presented above, the Draft 3100 Baldwin Park Boulevard Digital Billboard Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration is wholly inadequate, insufficient, and invalid and must be redone.

Sincerely,
/s/ Mark Baker
President
Soft Lights Foundation
[email protected]

3 https://www.softlights.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Baker-v-BATA_Stamped_redacted.pdf 3 of 76

Appendix A - Ecology

November 13, 2024 – Pulsed artificial light at night alters moth flight behaviour – LED vehicle headlights impacting moth behavior.

November 12, 2024 – Exposure to constant artificial light alters honey bee sleep rhythms and disrupts sleep – Bees are adversely impacted by artificial light at night.

October 8, 2024 – Shedding light with harmonic radar: Unveiling the hidden impacts of streetlights on moth flight behavior – Impacts of streetlights on moths.

July 26, 2024 – How to reduce the negative impacts of artificial light at night on flying insects – Reduced light levels and homogeneity of coverage reduces adverse insect impacts.

January 20, 2024 – Research Note: Red light to mitigate light pollution: Is it possible to balance functionality and ecological impact? – Even red light at night can have adverse ecological impacts.

January 19, 2024 – Artificial light at night reduces earthworm activity but increases growth of invasive ragweed – Light pollution reduced earthworm surface activity by 76% and increased ragweed height growth by 104%.

January 11, 2024 – How Artificial Light Threatens Nature – Video documentary that details how artificial light is devastating the ecosystem.

January 4, 2024 – Why flying insects gather at artificial light – Insects turn their dorsum towards the lights which provides orientation. Artificial light causes the insects to steer in a circle until death.

October 30, 2023 – Light Pollution in Complex Ecological Systems – Light pollution is increasing at 10% per year and adversely impacting entire ecosystems.

September 21, 2023 – Phenotypic signatures of urbanization? Resident, but not migratory, songbird eye size varies with urban-associated light pollution levels – The eye size of urban birds is shrinking.

September 19, 2023 – Healing with the Night: Investigations into Experiences of Natural Darkness in Overnight Recollective Practices – The healing properties of natural night.

September 14, 2022 – Environmental risks from artificial nighttime lighting widespread and increasing across Europe – LEDs have increased light pollution and have increased the emissions of toxic blue wavelength light.

September 9, 2022 – The Dark Side of LEDs: Suppression of Melatonin by Blue Light – An article about the studies of researcher

May 20, 2022 – Light pollution can disorient monarch butterflies – Even a single light can interfere with a butterfly’s navigation system.

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March 29, 2022 – Broad spectrum artificial light at night increases the conspicuousness of camouflaged prey – LED light leads to predator advantage.

April 27, 2022 – Oriented Migratory Flight at Night: Consequences of nighttime light pollution for monarch butterflies – ALAN interferes with monarch butterfly migration.

January 27, 2022 – The growing threat of light pollution to ground-based observatories – Impacts of skyglow on dark skies.

2022 – Artificial Light at Night: State of the Science 2022 – IDA report. Discusses how LED light is increasing light pollution. Falsely claims that LEDs are energy efficient.

August, 2021 – Street lighting has detrimental impacts on local insect populations – This study shows that LEDs are killing insects even faster than High Pressure Sodium.

August, 2021 – First Estimation of Global Trends in Nocturnal Power Emissions Reveals Acceleration of Light Pollution – Light pollution continues to grow and LED blue wavelength light is making it worse.

April, 2021 – Narrow Spectrum Artificial Light Silences Fireflies – Artificial light, especially bright amber, suppresses courtship. “we should focus on minimizing the time that lights are on and how bright they are.” – News Story

March, 2021 – Light Pollution Drives Increased Risk of West Nile Virus – Even low levels of artificial light at night increase the risk of transmission of the virus.

March, 2021 – Superoxide is Promoted by Sucrose and Affects Amplitude of Circadian Rhythms in the Evening – Both light and sugars affect the biological clock of plants. – News Story

March 10, 2020 – Artificial Lighting Impacts to Salmon in WRIA 8 Briefing Memo – Artificial light is impacting the survival of juvenile salmon.

January, 2020 – Australian Light Pollution Guidelines for Wildlife This detailed document describes best lighting practices.

2020 – “use lamps with the lowest CCT, melanopic response, or M/P value possible to achieve the goals of the lighting project.” – Illuminating Engineering Society – On the Use of Summary Metrics of Light Spectral Characteristics to Assess Effects of Artificial Light at Night on Wildlife

2020 – “ALAN reduces habitat suitability” – El Sevier – Effects of artificial light at night on the foraging behavior of an endangered nocturnal mammal

July 30, 2018 – Waters under Artificial Lights: Does Light Pollution Matter for Aquatic Primary Producers? – ALAN and LED light negatively impacts periphyton.

July 30, 2018 – Waters under Artificial Lights: Does Light Pollution Matter for Aquatic Primary Producers? – ALAN negatively impacts periphyton.

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2018 – “Anthropogenic lighting drastically alters nocturnal environments, threatening a wide range of species” – Colorado State University – Anthropogenic light disrupts natural light cycles in critical conservation areas

2018 – “we advocate warm color temperature white light as nighttime illumination” – Health and Human Services USA – Light at night disrupts nocturnal rest and elevates glucocorticoids at cool color temperatures

2018 – “bombarded with numerous novel stimuli in their environment that could lead to grave consequences.” – Journal of Ecology – Connecting spectral radiometry of anthropogenic light sources to the visual ecology of organisms

2018 – “if the tendency to light more when light is cheaper can be overcome” – Luger Research – Hazard or Hope? LEDs and Wildlife

2017 – “When the installation was illuminated, birds aggregated in high densities, decreased flight speeds, followed circular flight paths, and vocalized frequently” – Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences – High-intensity urban light installation dramatically alters nocturnal bird migration

2013 – “alters detection of day and night” – Exeter University – Measuring biological light pollution and uncovering its ecological effects

2013 – “the signiﬁcant impact that even low levels of nighttime light pollution can have” – Cambridge University – The ecological impacts of nighttime light pollution: a mechanistic appraisal

November, 2017 – Artificially lit surface of Earth at night increasing in radiance and extent – This study uses satellite data to show that light pollution has increased due to the use of LED lights.

2017 – “Managers should avoid lights that have ultraviolet or blue light (shorter wavelengths)” – National Park Service – Artificial Night Lighting and Protected Lands

April, 2015 – Artificial Light at Night and the Predator-Prey Dynamics of Juvenile Atlantic Salmon – Even tiny amounts of artificial light affect salmon.

2015 – “The most immediate threat from anthropogenic noise and light is the loss of species” – Trends in Ecology & Evolution – A framework to assess evolutionary responses to anthropogenic light and sound

May 29, 2014 – Potential Biological and Ecological Effects of Flickering Artificial Light – Explains how the visual system of different creatures have a rate at which they capture images. Electric light interferes with this system, causing perceived flicker.

2014 – “exacerbate existing domestic, e.g., midge swarms and industrial infestations of sanitary and phytosanitary pests” – Ecological Society of America – LED lighting increases the ecological impact of light pollution irrespective of color temperature

2012 – “Technological innovations and changes in lighting strategies should consider beneﬁts for reductions in greenhouse gases and energy consumption in parallel with their potential ecological 6 of 76

impacts” – Global Change Biology – Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats

2009 – “Light pollution can have significant conservation consequences for a threatened bat species” – Current Biology – Street Lighting Disturbs Commuting Bats

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Appendix B – Human Health

November 19, 2024 – The connections between human health and blue light pollution – Audio interview with Dr. Mario Motta, the father of the discoveries of blue light melatonin suppression and the connection to disease.

November 9, 2024 – Effects of near-infrared radiation in ambient lighting on cognitive performance, emotion, and heart rate variability – NIR is beneficial to human health.

October 20, 2024 – Indoor and outdoor artificial light-at-night (ALAN) and cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis of multiple cancer sites and with a critical appraisal of exposure assessment – Artificial light at night increases cancer risk.

October 1, 2024 – Solid State Lighting: Review of Health Effects – A detailed literature of the health impacts of LED lighting by the International Energy Agency.

September 15, 2024 – Light pollution: time to consider testicular effects – Given the strong interrelationships between energy metabolism and fertility (Hansen et al., 2013; Della Torre et al., 2014; Roa and Tena-Sempere, 2014; Service et al., 2023), it is plausible that light pollution could impact fertility – impacts that include adverse effects on puberty from smart phone use at bedtime during adolescence.

September 5, 2024 – Outdoor nighttime light exposure (light pollution) is associated with Alzheimer’s disease – Higher outdoor nighttime light was associated with higher prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease.

April 8, 2024 – Why Are Cancer Rates in Young People Climbing? – Blue-rich lighting may be a culprit in the rise of cancers in the young.

April 5, 2024 – Melanopsin: Light response, circadian rhythm, and blue light exposure – An article on the light-detecting protein melanopsin and how it is found in the eye, fat, skin, blood vessels, and brain.

March 25, 2024 – Outdoor Light at Night, Air Pollution, and Risk of Cerebrovascular Disease: A Cohort Study in China – ALAN increases risk of disease.

February 20, 2024 – Light stimulation of mitochondria reduces blood glucose levels – Red light can reduce blood glucose spikes. Red light is generally beneficial, as compared to blue light which is the controller of our circadian rhythms, but also hazardous.

February 14, 2024 – Influence of Light at Night on Allergic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis – Study finds that artificial light increases the risk of allergic diseases.

January 26, 2024 – Breast Cancer Incidence Among US Women Aged 20 to 49 Years by Race, Stage, and Hormone Receptor Status – Breast cancer rates started rising at 4% per year in correlation with the adoption of blue-right LED lights.

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October 9, 2023 – Day and night light exposure are associated with psychiatric disorders: an objective light study in >85,000 people – Increased exposure to light at night increases a person’s risk for psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, bipolar and PTSD severity as well as self-harm.

October 4, 2023 – Lights should support circadian rhythms: evidence-based scientific consensus – 2,697 peer-reviewed publications show the blue light is harmful.

August 21, 2023 – Induction of Skin Cancer by Long-Term Blue Light Irradiation – The results of this study showed that daily exposure to blue light for 1 year induced skin cancer.

June 23, 2023 – Outdoor artificial light at night and risk of early-onset dementia: A case-control study in the Modena population, Northern Italy – Study showing a connection between artificial light at night and dementia.

June, 2023 – Non-image-forming functional roles of OPN3, OPN4 and OPN5 photopigments – Proteins that can detect light.

May, 2023 – Understanding Light Pollution: Recent Advances on Its Health Threats and Regulations – Discussion of health impacts of light pollution.

March 17, 2023 – Light as a Modulator of Non-Image-Forming Brain Functions—Positive and Negative Impacts of Increasing Light Availability – Melanopsin-expressing ipRGCs mediate the influence of light on several circadian, neuroendocrine, and neurobehavioral functions collectively defined as NIF, i.e., functions not directly related to image formation.

March 16, 2023 – Light at night and cause-specific mortality risk in Mainland China: a nationwide observational study – The first study showing a direct correlation between artificial light at night and death. – Cellular risks of blue light exposure.

March 13, 2023 – The #1 EMF You’ve Forgotten About – Detailed blog discussion of the impacts of blue wavelength light on human health.

January 4, 2023 – Network-driven intracellular cAMP coordinates circadian rhythm in the suprachiasmatic nucleus – Circadian rhythms are controlled by blue wavelength light.

December, 2022 – Associations Between Indoor Light Pollution and Unhealthy Outcomes in 2,947 Adults: Cross-sectional Analysis in HEIJO-KYO Cohort – LAN levels are significantly associated with parameters of obesity, dyslipidemia, systemic inflammation, sleep disturbances, and depressive symptoms.

October 24, 2022 – Light Pollution Linked with Cognitive Decline – Outdoor light pollution study.

September 28, 2022 – Functional connectivity of brain networks with three monochromatic wavelengths: a pilot study using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging – Each wavelength has different impacts on human brain activity.

September 26, 2022 – Associations between indoor light pollution and unhealthy outcomes in 2,947 adults: Cross-sectional analysis in the HEIJO-KYO cohort – LAN levels are significantly associated with 9 of 76

parameters of obesity, dyslipidemia, systemic inflammation, sleep disturbances, and depressive symptoms.

August 10, 2022 – Artificial light at night and risk of mental disorders: A systematic review – “the epidemiological evidence produced so far seems to support an association between LAN and risk of depressive disorders.”

August 10, 2022 – Disruption of the Circadian Clock Drives Apc Loss of Heterozygosity to Accelerate Colorectal Cancer – Interruption of the circadian clock increases cancer risk.

July 15, 2022 – Outdoor light at night, overweight and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents – Outdoor light at night increases obesity in children.

June 22, 2022 – Light at Night in Older Age Associated with Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension – ALAN causes sickness.

June 14, 2022 – Linking Individual Differences Between in Human Primary Visual to Contrast Sensitivity Around the Visual Field – Research on how vision works.

June 6, 2022 – Risk of COPD Exacerbation is Increased by Poor Sleep Quality and Modified by Social Adversity – Poor sleep increases risk of lung disease.

March 14, 2022 – Light Exposure During Sleep Impairs Cardiometabolic Function – Blue light is bad. Any light is bad. Tiny amounts of light at night is bad.

March 10, 2022 – Outdoor Light at Night and Autism Spectrum Disorder – Artificial Light at Night significantly increases the risk of developing autism.

March 3, 2022 – The Mind After Midnight: Nocturnal Wakefulness, Behavioral Dysregulation, and Psychopathology – Maladaptive Behaviors After Midnight.

November, 2021 – One Third of Us are At Risk – Compiled links to medical research on the effects of LEDs.

June 6, 2021 – Afraid of the dark: Light acutely suppresses activity in the human amygdala – Fear of the dark is real.

May 13, 2021 – Should We Re-think Regulations and Standards for Lighting at Workplaces? A Practice Review on Existing Lighting Recommendations – Quote: the quality of light should not be reduced for lower energy consumption.

March, 2021 – Do no harm: the beginning of the age of healthy hospital lighting – Reduction of blue wavelength light improves sleep.

February 8, 2021 – Associations between Artificial Light and Risk for Thyroid Cancer – Artificial light increases thyroid cancer risk by 55%.

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February, 2021 – Insights into blue light accelerated tooth whitening – At a radiance of 190 mW/cm2, LEDs will bleach teeth.

January 27, 2021 – Moonstruck sleep: Synchronization of human sleep with the moon cycle under field conditions – Sleep timing is synchronized under the moon cycle. Artificial light disrupts this cycle.

January 7, 2021 – Light Pollution, Sleep Deprivation, and Infant Health at Birth – This study confirms that light pollution can lead to premature births.

November 5, 2020 – Evening home lighting adversely impacts the circadian system and sleep – This article makes the case that the economic benefits of energy efficient LED lighting are outweighed by the substantial disease burden they produce.

May 24, 2020 – 20% to 30% Have Heightened Sensitivity – This article articulates how the 20% to 30% of the population who are sensitive receptors have been so far snubbed by the the psychology profession.

February 29, 2020 – LED Street Lights – Major Health Concerns This presentation by Dr. Wojcik summarizes the research about the dangers of blue wavelength light.

February 27, 2020 – Blue Light Suppresses Melatonin in Dairy Calves This study shows that melatonin is suppressed by blue wavelength light, thus affecting eating, drinking, etc.

2020 – Replace Toxic Fluorescent Light with Natural Light Now! – A discussion of research studies showing the adverse health impacts of fluorescent and LED light on health and student learning.

December 13, 2019 – Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDS): Implications for Safety – Even though this is an article from ICNIRP, it contains a fundamentally false statement on efficiency and is missing discussion of non-uniform luminance.

November 29, 2019 – Acute Exposure to Low Level Light at Night is Sufficient to Induce Neurological Changes and Depressive-like Behavior – Acute exposure to LAN alters brain physiology and can be detrimental to wellbeing in otherwise healthy individuals.

October 17, 2019 – Daily blue-light exposure shortens lifespan and causes brain neurodegeneration in Drosophila. – LED blue wavelength light causes serious injury to flies.

May 22, 2019 – Implication of Melanopsin and Trigeminal Neural Pathways in Blue Light Photosensitivity in vivo – Melanopsin is a protein that can detect light. The researchers demonstrate that blue-light exposure provokes important immune and inflammatory responses in the ocular surface, trigeminal pathways and the retina.

April, 2019 – Ocular hazards of curing light units used in dental practice – A systematic review – The article states, “This review concludes that blue light poses maximum risk to cause retinal degeneration based on the evaluated studies.”

October 2, 2018 – Melatonin: An Anti-Tumor Agent This study shows that light at night increases risk of breast and prostate cancer.

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September 9, 2018 – Blue light negatively affects the survival of ARPE19 cells through an action on their mitochondria and blunted by red light – Red light blunts the negative effects of blue light.

July 2018 – Light Pollution, Sleep Deprivation, and Infant Health at Birth – Skyglow results in reduced birth weight and pre-term births.

June 25, 2018 – Current Understanding of Photophobia, Visual Networks, and Headaches – How light triggers pain.

June 5, 2018 – SCHEER Final Opinion on Light Emitting Diodes – An overly positive opinion of LEDs, choosing to ignore the downsides and missing studies.

February, 2018 – Including an index measuring the weighted content of blue light in lamp labelling – A proposal for G-Index in place of Correlated Color Temperature.

August 8, 2017 – Harvard University – Outdoor Light at Night and Breast Cancer Incidence in the Nurses’ Health Study II This study shows the link between artificial light at night and breast cancer.

February, 2017 – Blue Light Paradox – Blue wavelength controls circadian rhythms, but also damages the eye.

January 31, 2017 – National Institutes of Health – Timing of Light Exposure Affects Mood and Brain Circuits – This scientific research article covers how circadian rhythms are being disrupted by artificial light at night.

January 2017 – Photobiological Safety – Discussion of the impacts of LED light on circadian rhythms and eye cells by Christophe Martinsons.

April, 2016 – Exposure of Fluid Milk to LED Light – LED light has a strong negative impact on the taste of milk.

January 24, 2016 – NIH – Effects of Blue Light on the Circadian System and Eye Physiology This scientific research paper concludes that blue light causes photoreceptor damage.

November 17, 2014 – Melanopsin mediates light-dependent relaxation in blood vessels – Melanopsin proteins are found in blood vessels and can detect light.

January 2013 – Health Effects of Large LED Screens on Local Residents – Luminance above 10,000 nits is dangerous and this article mentions the need to further study the impacts of LEDs on those with epilepsy.

November 8, 2012 – Ensuring Safety in LED Lighting – Significant coverage of the dangers of LED radiation. Blue light hazard, excessive luminance, macular degeneration, sleep disruption, and LEDs classified as lasers for use in toys.

June 3, 2011 – Limiting the impact of light pollution on human health, environment, and stellar visibility. – Impacts of light pollution.

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December, 2010 – Light Pollution: Light at Night and Breast Cancer Risk Worldwide This study shows that cancer risk increased by as high as 50% for countries with high Artificial Light at Night.

August 20, 1999 – Daylighting in Schools Study – Students perform better under natural light.

November 22, 1996 – Effect of bright light exposure on muscle sympathetic nerve activity in human – 5000 lux light triggers nerve activity, even after the light is shut off.

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Appendix C – Disability Rights

Code of Federal Regulations

28 C.F.R. § 35.151(a)(1):

Each facility or part of a facility constructed by, on behalf of, or for the use of a public entity shall be designed and constructed in such manner that the facility or part of the facility is readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities, if the construction was commenced after January 26, 1992.4

28 C.F.R. § 35.151(b)(1):

U.S. Constitution

AMENDMENT XIV
Section 1.

All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

4 https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/28/35.151
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Appendix D – Reports of Harm

The following reports have been collected by the Soft Lights Foundation and have been submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration.

December, 2024
December 31, 2024 – Cherry Hill, NJ – Astigmatism
Bright LED Headlights have significantly impacted me, and my freedom to travel when and where I want to. I have an astigmatism, and have recently developed a driving phobia, which is largely connected to me getting overstimulated while driving. Nighttime used to be my preferred time to drive, as the roads were quieter. Now, with the LED lights, it’s unbearable. Not only can I not see with the blinding lights in my face, but it greatly increases the chance I’ll need to pull over and calm myself. I struggle greatly getting to all the places I used to go, and the bright headlights make the process even worse.

I genuinely feel like it is not a problem that will solve itself. In order for others to feel safe competing with the other blinding headlights (I often feel like I cannot see after passing a car with these and often in the moment wish my lights were brighter) they too need to get these LEDs. Manufacturers won’t care, if anything they can advertise being the brightest.

We desperately need some sort of deterrent, because I fear for my life when I get blinded on the road at night, and wonder how many life-altering accidents have been caused by this issue. Or even what the long-term effects of these are. I wish to be free to travel where I want without this unnecessary harm.

December 31, 2024 – Orléans, France – None
It’s New Year’s Eve, and for the fifth consecutive year, I’m staying home and not participating in any festivities because of the blinding LED lights that are now everywhere and assault my eyes.

When the first street lights and vehicle LED headlights appeared in my area five years ago, I realized that my daily life would be completely turned upside down. I feel like I’ve been condemned to no longer live normally, like I used to, especially in the evenings. I can’t live freely in society anymore, with a clear conscience, without the fear of having my eyes constantly assaulted by these completely excessive lights.

I’m tired of all this. Tired of having to endure these car headlights with insane brightness levels, at night JUST LIKE DURING THE DAY, forcing me to look away and leaving trails in my vision. Tired of noticing that many designs and installations of lighting fixtures are systematically done thoughtlessly, over-illuminating the entire neighborhood. Tired of these street lights that repel me and prevent me from being out at night.

The world has plunged into a light arms race that I don’t understand and can no longer tolerate! Why have we come to this? Who decided this on behalf of everyone else? 15 of 76

Science had warned about LEDs, but it wasn’t listened to. Many people complain, but they’re not heard.

What’s happening? What’s the plan? How much longer do we have to protest and shout for the LED monster, created by a greedy and careless industry, to stop spreading uncontrollably? I deeply curse everyone who created this monster, and every day I wonder how much longer I can endure this situation before I decide to move far away so I no longer have to suffer from it.

In any case, we need to unite to make the global LED industry bend so that acceptable lighting standards for everyone are established and enforced.

Happy New Year to everyone and stay strong.

December 31, 2024 – Armada, MI – None
My wife just ordered a pair of night driving sunglasses which made me realize these modern LED headlights are just too bright, dangerous, and out of control. My wife (54), my son (20), and I (52) have been complaining about the bright headlights for the last couple of years. Another red flag is that my son also complains, and he’s only 20 with perfect vision.

These dazzling lights diminish night vision and distort the field of depth. Both oncoming and rearview traffic dazzle. You can dim the center mirror, but side mirrors are not dimmable.

These headlights are dangerous to all people on the road and need to be regulated so they are either toned down or use a friendlier light frequency.

December 30, 2024 – Holly Springs, NC – Astigmatism
We live in a part of North Carolina that does not have street light coverage. In short it is VERY dark here. Driving at night here is quite a challenge. The blinding on coming headlights make it almost impossible to navigate the roads safely. Combine that with what appears to be distracted driving and you are taking your life in your hands just trying to get to the market. Something must be done to reduce the brightness of these dangerous headlights.

December 30, 2024 – Anytown, MO – Astigmatism
I’m unable to see the lines on the road when someone uses LED lights. Almost everyone I come into contact fills the same way even if they do not have an astigmatism. LED lights are very dangerous for the most basic and single most important reason of all… TWO LANE ROADS! Many people can drive just fine at night even with varying vision problems or none whatsoever with regular halogen or non-LED bulbs.

When someone uses brights they should see far and wide so they can look for deer and other animals etc.

However when a car is within 500 ft or less not even the brightest halogen should be used for low beams as this endangers not only the person who has the lights shining in their eyes, but it 16 of 76

endangers the person shining the lights and someone else’s eyes because it could create a head- on collision.

In fact, I’m willing to bet that many head-on collisions are result of LED lights on two-lane roads over someone looking at their phone.

If more intensive research was done you’d most likely find out I’m right since as a genius I’m right about 99% of the time about my speculations.

December 30, 2024 – Paterson, NJ – Other
The car lights are way too bright that blinds you
December 28, 2024 – Taos, NM – None
Dusk and sun setting, combine that with LED headlights and it’s impossible to see the road ahead. The LEDs are so bright that you cannot tell the make of the automobile.

December 27, 2024 – Blanco, TX – None
There’s a difference between brightness and color temperature. Brightness is measured in Lumans. Color temperature, in degrees Kelvin. It is not so much the brightness of these new headlights that causes so much irritating and dangerous glare as it is the very high color temperatures of 5,000, 6,000 or higher Kelvin. If the new vehicles simply used low Kelvin LEDs…2700 Kelvin or lower (a golden yellowish light), much of the annoyance would be alleviated.

December 26, 2024 – Seattle, WA – None
I’m 51 and have struggled with bright blue/white head lights for many, many years. Because most new cars come with them and many people are using LED bulbs in older headlight fixtures, the situation seems to be compounding exponentially.

I often get a headache from the eye strain and increasingly plan my life to avoid night time driving when possible. I have even begun using both a dark sun visor and yellow/amber tinted lenses to make night driving tolerable. This is not my preferred way to drive at night as it makes it more difficult to see dark objects or people dressed in dark clothing.

I find my need to do this ridiculous. I also don’t know a single person of any age, that seems unbothered by the changes that have brought so much bothersome glare into our eyes as we drive.

Something needs to be done about this sooner than later and it is going to take a lot of work to change out or update all the headlights that are blinding me and everyone else I talk to.

Why are we allowing this unsafe way of illuminating our driving to continue? I want the department of transportation and/or the FDA and/or congress to begin addressing this problem NOW so that we can all drive more safely and with less eye strain and pain. 17 of 76

December 24, 2024 – Wichita, KS – Autism
Multiple brain injuries left me with diagnoses that include migraine, severe photophobia due to a retinal sensor injury – ipRGC’s the Light Meter for the eyes which regulates circadian rhythm. It also manages retinal light adaptation. Exposure to LEDs and any blue spectrum bright light, especially light that flickers or moves, causes me intense pain, violent nausea, vomiting, weakness, chest pain, shortness of breath, a lot of the symptoms of a heart attack or a severe panic attack. It took me many doctor visits to learn the cause of this severe photophobia and flaring systemic symptoms . I also learned that I have a diagnosis of autism spectrum Level one which explains my severe sensory overwhelm experience to light, but that combined with this retinal injury has rendered me unable to drive at night at all in these new lighting conditions. It’s so unsafe even wearing blue light blocking glasses with glare blocking appliqués in my windows to block headlights in my side views and the oncoming traffic.

December 24, 2024 – Los Angeles, CA – Photophobia
Post mTBI: chronic migraine, severe neuralgia and dysautonomia all triggered by severe photalgia due to ipRGC retinal sensor injury
– https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7682828/
December 24, 2024 – Anytown, NJ – Astigmatism
I have never hated driving so much as I have hated driving this year.

At night, thanks to the glare, I cannot see road signs without reflective coatings. When it rains at night, the combination of windshield fog, glare, and wet-pavement are brighter than the Lines- on-the-Fucking-Road. High-set SUVs with Bright As The Goddamn-Sun headlights shine directly into my vision which, due to an astigmatism, breaks into a fireworks show in my eyes.

Oncoming traffic actually hurts–like getting snipped with nail-scissors in the back of my head.

On one particularly vile strip of road I became paralyzed, unable to see my turning lane, and it was only by a Grace of God that I did not have an accident.

It used to be that this glare was only an occasional inconvenience–some thoughtless driver who forgot to turn off their high beams. Now between the strength of headlights and the height of cars, every minute spent driving at night is a damnation; miserable American roads befitting a miserable American people.

There’s something poetic, something uniquely American, about the state of our roads at nights; they’ve become a dick-waving contest measured in lumens, fueled by selfish idiocy, gagging and slobbering for “MOAR BRIGHT” until nobody can fucking see.

Thank you for providing a space to voice these concerns. I eagerly look forward to seeing our regulatory institutions ignore this problem until it inconveniences someone important.

December 23, 2024 – Portland, OR – Photophobia
Bright LED headlights on vehicles have become a significant challenge in my daily driving. On multiple occasions, cars equipped with excessively bright LED headlights have nearly caused accidents. When these lights shine directly into my eyes, especially from oncoming traffic, the 18 of 76

glare is blinding and disorienting. Even vehicles behind me can create dangerous situations when their LED lights reflect intensely through my rearview or side mirrors.

To cope, I’ve had to resort to putting my hand up to block the glare while trying to maintain control of the car, which is both impractical and unsafe. This issue has led to numerous close calls where I almost veered off the road or into another vehicle. Additionally, the harsh intensity of these lights causes severe eye strain and headaches, making the driving experience not only stressful but physically painful.

These incidents have made me anxious about driving at night or in poor visibility conditions, as I’m constantly on edge, anticipating these blinding lights. It’s clear that while LEDs have their benefits, their use in vehicle headlights needs better regulation to ensure road safety for everyone.

The Impact of Bright LED Lights on My Driving Experience Bright LED headlights on modern vehicles have become a significant hazard while driving. On numerous occasions, these lights have nearly caused accidents, whether from oncoming cars or vehicles behind me. The glare from these excessively bright LEDs blinds me temporarily, often reflecting off my rearview or side mirrors, leaving me disoriented and forced to put my hand up to block the light. This is an impractical and unsafe solution while trying to maintain control of my car.

A particularly concerning issue is the auto brights feature in many modern cars. These systems frequently fail to detect other vehicles properly, leaving the brights on when they should dim.

This not only creates an unsafe driving environment but is also a clear violation of traffic laws, as having your brights on within a certain distance of another vehicle is illegal. Such violations should be actively ticketed to deter this reckless behavior.

The cumulative impact of these bright lights has been severe for me. I’ve had multiple close calls, almost veering off the road or into other vehicles. Beyond the immediate danger, the glare causes eye strain, headaches, and general discomfort, making nighttime driving a source of anxiety and physical pain. While LED headlights offer benefits like increased visibility for drivers using them, they need stricter regulations and better technology to ensure they don’t endanger others on the road.

December 22, 2024 – Sebastopol, CA – None
My eyesight is pretty good except for needing reading glasses for seeing things up close. But ever since the new super bright headlights have come out, I really don’t want to drive at night.

They are blinding and very dangerous, since I can’t see anything else when they’re coming at me. I adjust my rear-view and side mirrors so that the lights don’t shine in my eyes. That reduces my ability to see behind me, but it’s safer than being blinded by those lights.

I thought maybe it was just my eyes getting worse, but I notice that if a car is coming toward me with the old fashioned headlights, I can see totally fine. No problem. With the new headlights, I sometimes have to hold my hand up to block them so that I can see where the road is. Otherwise, 19 of 76

I would be totally blinded. Very dangerous! I can’t believe these are legal. They also hurt my eyes, and I’m sure they are damaging to vision.

December 22, 2024 – Vancouver, BC – Electromagnetic Sensitivity Since so many vehicles are now using these bright, white LED car headlights it is practically impossible for me to drive. I have to hold my left hand up as they are so blinding, even in the daytime. Even sunglasses do not cut the bright light. I even drive at night with sunglasses on.

This is very dangerous! When a car comes up from behind I have to hold my hand up by the side mirror as it also blinds me from the side and from the rear view mirror. It has become so dangerous for me to drive and has affected the quality of my life in so many ways. I don’t know who gave these car companies permission to use these very bright LED white lights? It’s like the whole city driving around with their high beams on or even worse! This must be rectified by the federal government! This must be stopped immediately!
December 21, 2024 – Port Colborne, ON – None
I crashed my car, totalled it because someone with LED headlights decided to enter and exit a roundabout with their high beams on. They were coming towards me and I was completely blinded by them for about 15 seconds before they passed me. I will take some fault as I was speeding a little but at that point it was too late and I crashed directly into another vehicle all because of LED light. They are too damn bright!!
December 21, 2024 – Olympia, WA – Other
Upon returning to my booth at an outdoor/covered Farmers Market, the Governor allowed “non- essentials” Crafters/Artisians could return. My soft lights didn’t get moved to my new booth space. The first day my eyes ached (which I’d never experienced in 60 yrs). I recalled an by article Dr. Mercola who interviewed an Ophthalmologist who explained LED lights and eye damage. My instinct was to stand in the sun…no eye ache: BINGO! I knew it was the damn lights. I researched and purchased blue blockers and a wrap around my head visor because lighting came in from all directions.( And horribly had to wear a mask too = hell on earth!). I went to an micro-current intuitive healer who said it’s your optic nerve especially in the left eye.

I had had several treatments over the years and got better, thank Buddah, Allah, Godddess, Jesus and everyone! However I always carry blue blocker glasses in the car and a sun visor…because I never know how the lights in whatever store will affect me. It’s been a huge challenge, life-style shift for me… even visiting friends homes I must be prepared. I’m much better. Although I went back to the OFMkt and had had my gear, went to the car to drop off stuff didn’t think I’d need my visor, nor that I’d stay long. I sat on a table, waiting for a buddy and instantly my eyes started tweaking, and ached for hours afterwards. I’ve learned to try and not drive at night the headlights are horrific, especially first responders= blinding! I’ve learned to drive w/my left hand up to shield my eyes from the oncoming headlights. Years ago I titled all my mirrors waaaay out or up, I can lean to see when necessary.

My question is whom decided LED’s were the new way? Politically — $omeone must be the king-pin-of-LEDlight$?
I actually lucked out and purchased an entire box of 60watt bulbs at a used store, just as a volunteer walked in with a huge box of new bulbs for $10 (i know)! Before that I was purchasing used ones from Habitat for Humanity resale stores for $1 a bulb, and felt grateful for that!!! Thank you for your research, time and effort in this important area. I had no idea the ranges of 20 of 76

challenges people continue to face. Big love to you and yours in this journey to educate. WE ARE NOT ALONE! Cheers.

December 20, 2024 – New Orleans, LA – None
I cannot drive at night now because the superbright LED lights make me see halos about 20 feet high and wide around oncoming vehicles or vehicles behind me. I cannot see the road, the signs, the lines, pedestrians. It is sudden and violent to the eyes and the brain and nervous system. Now I am being advertised to by Amazon and Google to buy LED bulbs to replace the halogens in my own car headlights. I will not fight fire with fire and blind other people so I can compete with these atrocious tools.

December 20, 2024 – Drexel Hill, PA – Autism
I drive because it’s difficult to participate in society if one doesn’t, but my autism makes it very hard for me on multiple levels. For one, I am very sensitive to light, and overly bright headlights not only hurt my eyes but also obstruct the shapes of vehicles and the flow of traffic, making me afraid that I will collide with someone because I can’t properly sense how their car takes up space. There is no valid reason for headlights to be that bright. Even those with weaker vision, such as my grandfather when he had cataracts, used to drive just fine with a softer beam. I have seen and heard others complain about these lights as well, such as my father and various social media users. Please don’t make life harder for people with disabilities than it already is.

December 19, 2024 – Austin, TX – None
I am now too terrified to drive at night due to the blinding impact of LED lights, which cause me to not be able to see at all, have a panic attack, and swerve, endangering my life and the lives of others. They are much, much too bright. I had to drive from Texas to Louisiana at night last night for a funeral and I had to pull over four times because of the dizziness, fear and nausea of being struck by those lights which is almost like a heat lamp or a blow to the head. I cannot believe that something so dangerous as lights so bright they blind other drivers temporarily are allowed and unregulated. I can no longer drive at night in this environment.

December 19, 2024 – Colorado Springs, CO – None
I was blinded by oncoming LED Headlights and turned the wrong way on a one way street. I have run intel two curbs due to to being blinded. They are DANGEROUS December 19, 2024 – Canton, OH – None
I have almost driven off the side of the road and more time than not, I stopped in the middle of the road because all I saw what a bright light that blinded me and I could see nothing else. I cannot see anything after those lights pass me. if they are behind me, I have to make sure I am in the middle of my mirrors so it doesn’t affect me. I have been wanting to go after the manufacturer for years now.

December 19, 2024 – Heath, OH – Other
People with mild cataracts, like me, have problems with LED car headlights lights causing very bright sparkly halos around the headlights at night. This makes oncoming vehicles at night a big problem. The sparkly halos are blinding people and very unsafe. I avoid driving at night now. 21 of 76

This has been a well documented problem for several years. Note: I am a retired QA Manager from a large lighting company. I have a lot of experience with LED lighting.

December 18, 2024 – San Francisco, CA – Migraine
I have lived in the same building on Telegraph Hill for 30 years and the last series of led lights on the bay bridge increased my migraine headaches substantially. After they were removed my migraine decreased and my way of life improved.

December 18, 2024 – Springfield, MA – Other
Blinding headlights! It was very disorienting to drive. Eye doctor tested for cataracts by shining light in my eyes and then declared surgery for cataracts should help with the glare. What about windshield manufacturers helping, if FDA won’t regulate the LEDs? December 18, 2024 – Vallejo, CA – Other
My wife has conditions that include Hereditary Alpha Tryptasemia which is causing seizures.

Bright lights can trigger them, too, so these LED lights are extremely harsh for her, meaning she cannot leave the house in the evenings anymore, or go into stores, doctor’s offices, look at Christmas lights, etc., as they are all equipped with the new LED lights. We’ve resorted to not using the lights in our home as they are the new LED bulbs and we cannot purchase incandescent bulbs. Luckily we have two lamps with old bulbs that we can use. I do not have this issue, but when driving I notice how bright and blinding headlights appear to be these days. My first reaction is to think the drivers have their high beams on. The worst is large trucks with lights shining straight through the back window into the rear-view mirror. It’s truly awful.

December 17, 2024 – King County, WA – None.

I became extremely nauseated and experienced a headache immediately upon entering Target and Safeway after they had just switched from fluorescent bulbs to led bulbs. I experience eye pain from led headlights and streetlights and have to shield my eyes wherever I go. I feel agitated around led lights at night.

December 13, 2024 – Boca Raton, FL – Other
Cant go out at night i suffer from seizures and i have head trauma makes is hard to go out at night with family there is no need for those lights we are not in the forest n some idiots drive with them on high beam blinds my wife at night n me she suffers from migraine this has effected our night life .i still don’t understand how this passed with all health hazards December 12, 2024 – Vermillion, OH – Migraine
in addition to migraine I have a condition called Mal de Debarquement syndrome. LED lights really trigger my symptoms. It’s very hard for me to go shopping or out to dinner and have a pleasurable experience. I always feel seasick.

December 9, 2024 – Portland, OR – Other
Almost got hit by another car (with LED lights) because their lights were so bright I couldn’t see their turn signal blinking. I’ve come so close to hitting medians in the past too because LED lights are so blinding.
22 of 76

December 9, 2024 – Lake Forest, CA – Astigmatism
When I was driviing back from Las Vegas from Thanksgiving weekend I almost got into several car accidents because of being blinded by LEDs on curving two lane roads. It is impossible to see the lane markers when your night vision is destroyed by these new headlights. My girlfriend is almost completely unable to drive at night because of her astigmatism and how the headlight affect her vision.

December 8, 2024 – Harrison, OH – Other
I have noticed that these LED headlights are effecting my depth perception. When I look down the road at night to pull out of my street or any number of streets or changing lanes on the highway, and alI I see are bright lights, there is nothing to ‘ground’ my vision to judge how far away a vehicle is before I do these maneuvers, or even the size of the vehicle. I see nothing but bright lights. I had a truck coming at me when I pulled out of a driveway and I couldn’t see anything but headlights. I couldn’t see the road and I couldn’t see the outline of the vehicle until it whizzed by. I had to GUESS where the road was and hope that I was on my side and I didn’t run off the road. It was absolutely blinding and I drive an SUV! It was traumatizing to say the least. And that was two years ago! I could have been killed or seriously injured. Ever since then, with no standards as to what headlights are supposed to look like, how many headlights are allowed to be lit up at one time, style, etc. I’m scared when I get on the road at night and it’s only out of necessity when I do go out, never for pleasure anymore. These lights have destroyed the ability to do the things I enjoyed after work. Shopping, water aerobics, dining out, etc. And then we’re being advised to focus on the side of the road or the white line, if you can see it, so we can drive at night? We shouldn’t look to see what’s ahead of us or coming at us while we’re driving because this is the only way to save our eyesight and life? We now have to drive dangerously to accommodate headlights. That kind of advice right there is a valid indication that these lights are wrong for vehicles. We shouldn’t be looking down, or to the side while driving. That’s like driving with your eyes half closed, which is really what one is doing following that advice. It only takes a second to hit a human being or an animal looking anywhere but in front of you. The ridiculousness of LED headlights is insane.

December 8, 2024 – Colorado Springs, CO – Other
My sensitivity to LED became worse after a TBI. I wear sunglasses indoors because I work in a Flourescent and LED hell in the evening and I wear sunglasses to drive home. It is the only way for me to stop myself from horrendous kaleidoscope vision as a person with synesthesia and tetrachromatic vision with post concussion photophobia. Light pollution is killing us and it is worse at night and contributing to severe migraines. Light pollution is literally making some people dopamine addicts but what about those with dopamine autoantibodies? We cannot have a strong nation of healthy people if we have been made stupid and intentionally addicted or severely ill by light. Street lights and lights used at night near businesses are at times bright enough to lead a bird to its death.

Have you seen the Tesla bulbs that are similar to incandescent-the reformulation? We need to bring back incandescent light bulbs.

I have tetrachromatic vision and this intense monochromatic light is causing me to have sensory overload. My tetrachromia causes me to see colors within colors- it is not a disability but a 23 of 76

different ability. To me one strand of a persons hair is a rainbow. Ink from a pen is not just black.

It only began to impact me after a TBI when my vision and senses began to go into overload and I was in a lot of pain and a neurologist, and nueroopthamologist could not understand me.

Instead they began to take notes because I was finding out on my own what was working.

Some people who know this about me will shine LED lights in my eyes on purpose and laugh.

These people are bullies.

As a tetrachromat I am even impacted by Migraine lenses called Avulux. These Migraine lenses make me very sick and cause me to have a migraine because they over focus the lense on one color of light spectrum when I am not designed that way. This is why I do not purchase monochromatic lenses either. Sunglasses with UV protection that are light enough color to use indoors work better than monochrome tinted lenses with UV protection. Incandescent bulbs do not have this, they are a variety of spectrum at once and do not have flicker most of the time.

These people that banned Incandescent lights are discriminating against my differences as a Neurodivergent, and my disability with a TBI and they need to bring them back. We need to have a choice of what kind of headlight we use on a vehicle, the intensity of the light in our home, and what kind of light works for us.

A person with synesthesia has more than one sense connected together. If I start to get this pain and this type of vision my sense of smell and hearing increase. This increase can cause hyper smelling and hyper hearing. If I have no protection from the light I will have burning eyes where the whites of my eyes turn red, my nose begins to run and my sinuses swell because the exposure causes hyperesthesia of my nose. Hours of exposure to Flourescents and LED do this to me. My immune system thinks it needs to release histamine. TILT is known as Toxicant Induced Loss of Tolerance. Its definition only applies to chemicals, food and drugs. For me the definition applies but I have another category to add and it is Light Pollution.

We as US citizens are being bombarded by exposures and as we age our tolerance declines and some are more at risk for this than others. These risk categories are yet to be established; however, it is likely that for women Xist and Lyonization are at play. This Lyonization could tilt a person with a Redox disorder towards less tolerance over time. Other mechanisms are molecular mimicry and prior assaults to the immune system. TILT is related to Mast Cell activity but is not the only aspect of the the problem.

For those of us experiencing this we have to wear hats and sunglasses. The eye doctors I have seen do not deny what I have been experiencing. The equipment that they use cannot find the problem. They have several patients similar to me wearing Theraspec lenses. These lenses are not approved by the FDA but have been helping the patients. I have called my Vision Insurance plan to discuss this phenomenon and why NeuroOpthamology, Opthamologists and other eye doctors are not diagnosing or investigating this. They do not answer my questions and change the subject. As humans who work in the evening, driving home in this light pollution is an absolute nightmare. The oncoming beams and beams behind you are reflecting in your face. More and more people are confessing to wearing sunglasses who are not as severe as me. Why is this being ignored? TBI can impact the retinal ganglion cells and excessively bright headlights and bright 24 of 76

lighting in the workplace is very painful. I have to deal with disrespect, being made fun of because I am trying to protect myself.

Now it is December and I am getting more exposure from peoples Holiday light pollution on their homes that is way too damn bright at night and extremely painful. It is the nature of humans and businesses to lie to the public for gain while conditioning people to think that it is better for them through omissions of critical information.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2024.1378498/full https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/STROKEAHA.123.044904 https://autism.org/webinars/toxicant-induced-loss-of-tolerance-tilt/ https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/hoffman-program/resources/chemicals-in-your-life/what-is- mcstilt/
https://tiltresearch.org/
December 8, 2024 – Wakefield, MI – Other
Early onset, rapid decline cataracts, photosensitivity
December 8, 2024 – Wakefield, MI – Migraine
Vision assaulted by LED light bar mounted on front of a pickup truck. Temporary blindness, vision spots for hours, migraine. Ban these fu*ckers!
December 7, 2024 – Murfreesboro, TN – Migraine
I get migraine headaches very easily. I avoid driving at night as much as I can because of these horrible, bright LED lights! They are absurd and horrible. However, sometimes I have to. I have issues with being super light sensitive and they flat out blind me, followed often with a migraine! I’ve grown to HATE driving at night and even more so, hatred for all of these vehicles with these lights. It’s extremely RUDE to own one of these vehicles! Once again, as I drive a sedan, a truck tailed me, BLINDING me safely driving on the interstate home from seeing my family for Thanksgiving! How can these lights be legal? They’re dangerous!! I refuse to own a vehicle with these horrific lights! Please stop this dangerous condition to not be able to drive safe! December 6, 2024 – Unspecified, FL – None
I was almost forced off the road due to the blinding lights of an upcoming car. I could NOT see a single thing. I was not alone in the car and was with my son. We thought my tires were lost on the right side due to the sudden movement. What a horrible experience, to drive under these conditions. There was no reason to change from the soft yellow lights.

December 5, 2024 – Willows, CA – Astigmatism
Can’t drive at night anymore. Bought special driving glasses to reduce glare and they help a little, but after a few minutes driving against the oncoming superbright led headlights, I’m not seeing anything very well. Driving at night was never an issue before someone decided that putting these dangerous lights on vehicles was somehow a good idea.

December 4, 2024 – Morganville, NJ – None

WHEN DRIVING ON SINGLE-LANE ROADS IS ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE AS THE AUTO 25 of 76

HEADLIGHTS ARE SO BRIGHT IT MAKES IT IMPOSSIBLE TO SEE THE ROAD.

DIVIDED HIGHWAYS ARE NOT AS BAD. I USED TO ENJOY DRIVING BUT NOW IT IS IMPOSSIBLE UNFORTUNATELY, I STILL HAVE TO DRIVE. I TRIED SPECIAL GLASSES TO REDUCE GLARE BUT THEY DO NOT WORK. PLEASE DO SOMETHING ABOUT THIS BAD SITUATION AS I KNOW I’M NOT THE ONLY ONE HAVING THIS PROBLEM.

December 4, 2024 – Monroe, WA – Migraine
LED lights have only negatively impacted my life. I can no longer see when driving, especially the last few years. I have to close my eyes when driving for long periods of time, multiple times, because I cannot see with people’s LED lights. I can’t tell if people are using their brights or just have LED lights. I can’t see if there is a pedestrian. I can’t see turns. I almost crashed tonight because I didn’t see a turn due to someone’s LED lights in my eyes. I see spots in my eyes for my entire drive after seeing any and trying to keep my eyes open. I get migraines. I might have undiagosed autism as well, either way, I am extremely sensitive to light. I am scared I might die driving because of LED lights one day.

December 4, 2024 – Houston, TX – Astigmatism
It worries me when I am temporarily blinded by the unnecessary bright lights when I am driving.

I instantly flinch to try to shield me from the harmful lights.

December 3, 2024 – Salem, OR – Migraine
I get ocular migraines, and the most reliable way to trigger them is to get blasted in the eyes with some kind of bright light. It usually sets in within 10-15 minutes, and then my vision is just ruined for the next hour. I can’t drive at night because I’m at risk of being temporarily blinded. I don’t want to have to pull over and sit at the side of the road for an hour, waiting for the aura to pass. When I’m in cars at night, I try not to look out the window. These blinding LED lights are a nightmare, and they don’t even illuminate the road as thoroughly as the softer incandescent bulbs of my childhood. I’ve spent a lot of time in cars. I remember what things looked like. LED headlights are just plain inferior and dangerous, and they need to be banned.

December 3, 2024 – North Olmstead, OH – Astigmatism
They are blinding and they cause me anxiety while driving. I have to stop or turn down side roads to escape them.

December 3, 2024 – Chattanooga, TN – None
I do not have any health or vision problems. I am a perfectly healthy mid 20 year old, and have always had a passion for night driving.

I never really noticed major issues with night driving up until recently… the past few years. I’ve always noticed people with super bright blue-white headlights… typically just squinted and moved on.

Unfortunately, the majority of the cars on the road have these headlights. I was returning from Thanksgiving with my family and had a 7 hour drive home. There are no north/south interstates in this area, so a lot of my driving is on 2 lane and 4 lane state roads and US highways. I was on 26 of 76

a very narrow and typically low traffic 2 lane in southwest GA heading back north. For the first time I had to slow down to about 20 miles per hour because I was completely blinded. I could not see the center line. I could not see the edge of the road. For about 20 seconds all I could see what white light.

This is not an eye problem. I had my eyes examined a few months ago. This is not a specific to me issue either, as I have no ailments and am in good health. This happened to your normal young American driving home from the holidays, and hoping to get home safely without being flash banged off the road.

I know SUV’s and trucks are the most popular vehicles now, but I have always driven coupes, and lots of people drive those and sedans as well. We are not the minority. Please look into regulating these headlights. These are not “improperly aligned” these are straight from the factory and they seem to get worse every year.

December 1, 2024 – Greenbrae, CA – Other
The County I live in took away the shrubs in the median and now all I see are in coming bright headlights. I get a headache when I drive at nighy and makes me feel stuck at home at night. I get an immediate headache and feel like I’m going to crash my car.

They also installed rows and rows of LED overhead lights and they flood into my backyard and shine brightly into my bedroom and living room. Marin County did this and someone needs someone to do something about correcting this for the sake of our health. Thank you.

December 1, 2024 – Greenbrae, CA – Migraine
The County of Marin installed massive LED lights along a road directly behind our house. There was no community input, decisions made by Supervisors claiming they were needed for “safety”.

There has been zero incidents warranting any need for LED lights. Over head LED lights now shine into our home disturbing our sleep And giving us migraines at night. On the road, the lights are so bright it might as well be a racetrack now. The County took out the center median that had various shrubs (now no longer) – so now on coming cars, both east and west bound (along Sir Francis Drake Blvd) shine directly in our face as we drive home every night. The issue is overhead LED and car headlight LEDs. No thought was given by Marin County when installing said lights, and now created a real safety issue! Shame on Marin County, CA.

December 1, 2024 – Cranston, RI – Other
I am 39 with no known vision issues but I keep being blinded by LED headlights in front and behind me. It makes it really hard to see and drive safely at night. LEDs commonly used in new cars are way too bright. I had to pull in my left side mirror and this makes me scared to drive at night.

December 1, 2024 – Bowie, MD – Astigmatism
I have astigmatism. LEDs in cars have made it difficult for me to drive at night. I almost can never go anywhere during the week from how early it becomes dark. I have been fearful of accidents ever since a close call. It’s just impossible to see for a time if they are coming towards me.
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November, 2024
November 30, 2024 – Fontana, CA – Electromagnetic Sensitivity The new LED headlights are so bright and blinding that I have to look at the fog line to watch the road and keep straight so I can’t even see straight forward or the whole road, I have to constantly keep my eyes focused on the right side of the road not to have the light directly in my face/eyes.

The LED lights are pointing towards the oncoming traffic and it seems like it’s almost on purpose. The light off the cars are not even on both sides, they are tilted more towards the left and directly on to the oncoming traffic lanes. You can see the lines that come off the car on the road and it’s obvious they don’t have there lights facing straight. I get migraines from the bright glare at night it has just made driving at night tremendously uncomfortable and dangerous. At least regulate or enforce the direction of the light or something cause On the highway or freeway it’s even worse as I have hundreds of cars with a bright blinding light facing my driving direction and it seems blinding other drivers to me should be illegal because it feels like it isn’t and no one does anything about it.

November 30, 2024 – Orlando, FL – Migraine
I can no longer drive outside at night due to ongoing issues with bright headlights. This is especially problematic during the fall and winter as the sun sets much earlier.

November 30, 2024 – Brighton and Hove, United Kingdom
My life is pretty much destroyed by LED’s.

If I look at a bright bulb for even a few seconds it triggers brutal migraines & vomiting for up to 3 days in bed with unbearable pain. The longer I’m exposed the worse it is.

Tried all the fl-41 glasses. Forget driving as all the newer cars have the ‘led daylight running lamps’ by default. It’s an effing nightmare.

November 29, 2024 – Middle Village, NY – None
Every time I get in my car, I am blinded by car/truck LED lights. So dangerous…literally can’t see. Why is this allowed? Who is responsible?
November 29, 2024 – Monmouth, OR – None
The presence of LED lights from oncoming traffic vehicles causes temporary blindness which is unsafe for drivers on the opposite lane. If nothing is done, there will be more frequent traffic accidents and potential deaths on the road.

November 28, 2024 – Eatonton, GA – None
Driving on a county 2 lane road I was approached by a late model “tall” pickup truck…that had very bright lights blinding me. I slowed down to 35 mph as I went by this truck. My eyesight definitely got the “halo effect”…a deer was standing dead ahead in my lane just as I got past the truck. Didn’t have any chance of avoiding the deer. Front bumper got crunched inward…front grill destroyed…and the AC condensor coil ruined. Damage estimated at $2,400. I could not afford full insurance coverage as my vehicle is 20 years old. (My car looked and ran very good).

Too many people just don’t dim headlights for courtesy sake anymore. 28 of 76

November 27, 2024 – Lancaster, ON, Canada – Electromagnetic Sensitivity Screeching tinnitus, organ pain(liver, pancreas and kidneys), needles in the eye pain, extreme pain in bones, cranium, burning of the skin, migraines, worsening astigmatisms, extreme photosensitivity,
November 27, 2024 – Stratford, ON, Canada – Autism
I’m autistic and have migraines, playing hockey requires a lot of night driving home as well as driving home from my partners place. Due to how bright lights are now, they spike my sensory issues and migraines causing me to lose focus on the road. This was never an issue until the last few years with the spike of LEDs, the yellow tints were so much easier to deal with over the new blue. Even walking at night with my dog, the lights cause no one to be able to see my boy and I even when we are on sidewalks etc. it’s awful having to dull down my own life and avoid things after dark just because everyone has sonic beams! It’s dangerous as hell for everyone, why is this even a thing!?
November 26, 2024 – Van Alstyne, TX – Other
I get constant floaters in my vision that last up to an hour. These new LED lights are an extreme hazard to safety. There is no benefit to blinding traffic. It isn’t safe for any party involved.

November 26, 2024 – Montclair, CA – None
It’s blinding me. The cars lights are so bright I have to stop in the middle of the road because I’m blinded by these trucks and teslas with LEDS
November 25, 2024 – Manassas, VA – Photophobia
This incident occurred at night on November 24, 2024. I wanted to go see a friend who is moving out of town, who lives about about 45 minutes away and most of that is on the highway.

I usually avoid driving at night, especially on the highway, but felt it was worth the discomfort to see my friend. The whole way there, donning sunglasses and squinting my eyes, was an uncomfortable experience to say the least, I’m in a low-riding sedan. But the worst part was, after driving 40 minutes I missed a turn, and ended up back on the highway. Then, I missed another turn, ending up on another highway. What a nightmare. I did not ever arrive at his house, because my missed turns took me 25 minutes off-route. I pulled over and cried, then drove home.

It was the worst experience I’ve had with night driving to date.

November 25, 2024 – Vacaville, CA – Autism
I was driving East on E. Monte Vista Ave. when I struck by the LED flashing lights on an RRFB. Instead of the RRFB making me stop, I start yelling fuck, fuck, fuck, fuck, fuck, fuck as I tilted my head down and drove straight through to escape the LED assault and save my life.

November 24, 2024 – Esparto, CA – Autism
I turned right at a T-intersection and was immediately struck by amber LED strobe lights on an AT&T utility truck. I yelled out profanity, raised my arms to try and block the strobes, closed my eyes, and felt a sudden urge to drive my car straight into the AT&T truck. Instead, I pulled over to the side of the road until I recovered.
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November 24, 2024 – Hickory, NC – None
Can no longer drive at night due to extremely bright LED headlights blinding me. I have no health issues that would cause sensitivity to bright light November 24, 2024 – Bennington, VT – Epilepsy
I was taken to the ER for a medical emergency unrelated to my epilepsy. I’ve been to this hospital many times over the years to see specialists get health screenings, visit friends etc. My doctor had called ahead to the hospital, telling them about my LED-reactive seizures and how critically important it is that I not be exposed to LED light even momentarily. She told us the head ER nurse assured her the ER staff understood and would treat me in an LED-free setting.

My doctor told my husband to remind whoever first met us at the ER when we arrived, just for reinforcement. We got there, he did, the attendant said yes she’d got the message, I was put in a wheelchair and raced inside – right into the LED-lit emergency room. I had on a hat and glasses but I instantly started to shake all over. My husband grabbed the wheelchair and got me out of there fast, leading to a fraught ordeal, trying to figure out how I could be treated for the medical emergency that had sent me to the hospital, without putting me at risk of potentially fatal epileptic seizures caused by the hospital’s new LED lighting! Ultimately they managed to set up a treatment area in a back hallway near the ambulance bay, which had large windows and overhead lights which could be turned off. My husband had to push me in the wheelchair around the outside of the building and up a restricted driveway to reach it. If I hadn’t been so sick, i would have been terrified that an ambulance would pull up with its flashers going. Thankfully all went pretty well from then on and I was released just in time to get home before the LED streetlamps came on.

When I recovered, I called the hospital to discuss the need for a section of the ER and other parts of the hospital complex to be LED-free, clearly labeled, so that anyone with an LED-reactive medical condition can be safely, promptly seen and treated. I asked them to think of it as a disability aid, exactly like the need to have ramps and braille, to consider safe lighting a medical necessity, like being vigilant about dietary restrictions for their patients. The staff member said they would pass on my request and get back to me in two weeks. Two months later, this is what I was told: The hospital had recently remodeled with all LED lighting and wasn’t going to remove or alter any of it. If I have to go there again, for emergency treatment or anything else, my options are 1) call ahead and tell them I can’t tolerate LED light 2) Be admitted under the LEDs and when I start convulsing they will give me lorazapam and put me on a lamotrigine drip for the duration of my stay or – if I’m not happy with either of those options – 3) go somewhere else. (Thoughts on those options: 1) My doctor did call first. Luck and scrambling got us through that ER visit, not planning and proper care, plus calling ahead obviously isn’t always possible. 2) Do they know I can even take those drugs? Might being drugged interfere with whatever other procedure I went there to have? Will I be able to communicate with anybody? Give consent? And how do I leave the hospital if I have to pass under the LEDs after the lamotrigine drip is removed? 3) We live in a rural area. The next closest hospital is over twice as far away.) Quite the striking situation, isn’t it? We’re menaced with increasingly frequent medical emergencies, injury, and illness, caused by forced public encounters with demonstrably dangerous LED lights, and we need medical care, health protection and practical real-life solutions more than ever, but safety vehicles and hospital facilities are becoming yet another source of the threat!
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November 23, 2024 – Zimmerman, MN – Astigmatism
I can’t see with the headlights. I’m tempted to put mirrors on my car.

November 23, 2024 – San Antonio, TX – Astigmatism
I have to obstruct my own vision to block such ridiculously bright headlights, this is dangerous. I am left with dark spots in my field of vision, much like after staring directly at the sun. How is this legal?
November 23, 2024 – Sacramento, CA – Autism
I was driving in town when I was struck by a debilitating blue LED flashing light in a store window. I have previously notified the owner of this store twice that I cannot neurologically tolerate the intensity and digital pulsing of this light, but they haven’t acted to turn it off.

November 23, 2024 – Yolo County, CA – Autism
I was driving on the highway when a firetruck with red and white LED strobe lights approached me. I could see it about half a mile away. I started to panic, knowing that I wouldn’t be able tolerate it as it came closer. I pulled into a parking lot and waited for the firetruck to turn onto another street.

November 23, 2024 – Hermosa Beach, CA – Electromagnetic Sensitivity It is painful and dangerous to drive at night anymore due to the extreme brightness and glare caused by oncoming and rearview LED headlights. I have to use one of my hands to physically shield my eyes or use the sunvisor to try to decrease the intensity of the light shining into my eyes. If I use or have exposure to LED lightbulbs at night, I experience headaches and cortisol spikes with delayed or interrupted sleep throughout the rest of the night if I can’t reduce the intensity myself (if I am out in a restaurant for instance.) It is clear that there is a problem with the intensity and quality of light we are surrounded with in our modern lives. I hope to see a shift back to light that is more aligned with natural levels and frequencies.

November 23, 2024 – Camby, IN – None
They’ve annoyed me greatly the last couple years but this one has been the absolute worst and not getting better. I was driving home at dusk a few days back and was blinded by an oncoming car. As soon as I could see something again, there was a jogger right in front of me. Had to swerve last minute to avoid hitting him.

People are/will be hurt or killed because of these stupidly blinding lights. I can’t believe the stock lights are coming out this way. Had both a police car and School Bus blinding me yesterday. Sad & Ridiculous. I feel the day coming that I have to refuse driving at night.

November 23, 2024 – London, ON, Canada – Migraine
With the increased use of LEDs in many lighting scenarios, it is making it impossible for me to exist in the world. Both fluorescent lights and LEDs cause migraines for me. A mere exposure to these lights for 5 minutes can take me down physically for at least 24 to 36 hours. While it is always a challenge visiting establishments, and lighting my home, those are things I can somewhat moderate. I buy different lights, I just don’t go into stores that make me sick. What I cannot avoid, and cannot mitigate, are the increased use of LED in the headlights of vehicles on 31 of 76

the road. I can appreciate people wanting to have bright lights for scenarios where the increased brightness will increase safety, but that’s why we have high beams on our vehicles. If you’re on a country road at night, you turn your high beams on, and then when another vehicle approaches from the opposite direction, you turn your high beams off until you pass each other. You would not constantly leave your high beams on while driving in a city, that is lit with street lights.

These excruciatingly bright LED headlights are making it impossible for me to have any independence after the sun goes down, as it is not safe for me physically when driving. Surely the selfish “right” to have the brightest headlights out there just in case you’re in a very dark area is a lesser right than what is owed to the general population, let alone those with health issues, to have the right to be safe while driving. Please, please, before someone gets seriously hurt, regulate the type of lighting that can be used in vehicle headlights.

November 22, 2024 – Springfield, MO – Migraine
After a TBI years ago, I am now a migraine sufferer. I cannot look at the flashing or strobe lights without instant pain. It has been so hard to safely pass by emergency vehicles as flashing and LEDs both blind and cause instant splitting pain. Trying to get by a wreck or incident is really really tough while you are trying go around and not hit people or cars in the road. I have literally stopped my car in the middle of the road at night, even on a curve, multiple times because I was so blind I could not see the road, the other vehicle – nothing! It’s as if someone suddenly blindfolded me while driving. How are people navigating this terrible issue? Tonight was a little darker than usual, without a moon, and I was struggling to repeatedly get blinded/see on a long 2-lane rural road. Going over a curvy set of river bridges with rails was terrifying, leaving me blinded for a moment trying to navigate curves. Halfway through the 7-mile trip, the repeated brightness moved to migraine, nausea, and fear I was going to wreck. I was literally wondering what my future holds if I can’t drive to see my kids, or even get home from work safely after dark because of these lights. It feels like no one cares – even insurance companies. They HAVE to know; they drive too! Even LED Christmas lights are too much when flashing. We also been blinded by directly placed LED garage lights on houses recently. It’s like a direct police spotlight at a T-intersection. I can’t see if anyone is coming to the left, due to one homeowners LED beacon staying trained right in my eyes. Tonight, I also made a right turn at a 4-way stop.

Because of being blinded mid-turn, I couldn’t tell how close the car waiting to turn was in front of me as I rounded to the next road. Not only did I fear hitting the other car right in the door I heard a sickening crunch as my back tire fell off the road edge and hit much further than the wheel rim.

November 22, 2024 – Oakdale, MN – None
Spun out on a snowy day because I could not see lane dividers due to an incoming car’s lights.

This car was in a highway lane separated from the other lane of traffic by ~100ft and was really not even close to me. I could not see how far the car in front of me was due to the lights of the incoming car and the blinding headlights of the truck tailgating me, so I braked and overcorrected because I could not even see the lane dividers. Spun out into a ditch. If I were a worse driver or driving distracted I could have easily hit another car and injured someone.

November 22, 2024 – Washington, PA – None
LED headlights are absolutely destroying the ability for average people in average cars (SOME with major health issues that are now jeopardizing the safety of the person/s) to drive…no matter 32 of 76

day or night because the light travels just as strongly when the sun is out. It’s forcing people to take action on their own, some using spotlights against the blinding LED’s…others using 3M reflective tape on visors and backseat headrests to shine it back in the eyes of the owner. We should not have to do these things. Furthermore, I’ve noticed an increase in incidents where they keep THEIR highbeams on with total disregard for others while they scroll on their phones or distract themselves in other ways. There is way too much entitlement and a total misunderstanding that these people have when it comes to blinding others. Something needs to be done before every vehicle on the road is equipped with these blinding lights and then we ALL develop vision issues and perhaps even other yet-unknown issues dealing with these lights. I appreciate you taking the time to read my ‘rant’ but the words stand true with SO many people.

November 21, 2024 – San Jose, CA – Astigmatism
LED light are always on when it’s not appropriate. I drive a small car so there in my direction vision I have to slow down to avoid causing an accident.

November 20, 2024 – Marienville, PA – Migraine
When leaving my office, I often encounter an overwhelming amount of LED lights, both indoors and outdoors. On one particular day, the reflection of the sharp, laser-like beams of LED lights from a puddle nearly triggered a seizure. Fortunately, I only suffered a four-day migraine as a result.

The parking lot is especially problematic. The LED lights there create an environment that feels almost hostile both from cars and parking lot street lights. Every time a vehicle starts, its LED beams cut sharply through the area, creating an overwhelming and disorienting experience. It feels less like lighting and more like a physical assault.

On this day, as I navigated the parking lot, I inadvertently came too close to a vehicle that had been electronically started. A brief glimpse of its LED fog light—despite it not being directed at me—triggered severe symptoms, even though I was wearing IR5 welding goggles and red glasses designed to block all blue wavelengths. This intense combination of protection stops the seizures. It does not stop the migraines. The impact was immediate and profound. My face went numb, my eyes involuntarily blinked, and I experienced a deep, penetrating cold, a symptom often associated with migraines. The migraine that followed was particularly intense, accompanied by significant cognitive impairment. Even after resting and sleeping, my brain felt noticeably affected the next day.
(This is part of my report)
When will this madness stop? I just want to live my life without the constant assault of LEDs.

I’m tired of enduring their relentless impact on my health and well-being. I just want to live my life safely!
November 19, 2024 – Chicago, IL – None
LED headlights are blinding and I almost crashed because I could not see after driving and having LED headlights directly shining in eyes. It directly impeded my visibility. I cannot drive long distances in the dark because of the strain LED headlights cause on my eyes. I will go home 33 of 76

after a 2-hour commute and my eyes will continue to hurt and I believe it is the cause of my headaches.

November 19, 2024 – Ketchikan, AK – Other
LEDS lights have literally shrunk my world in my ability to find safe places indoors and outdoors
In FEB of 2021 the city of Ketchikan altered the city street lights to high intensity 4 to 5000 Kelvin LED lights without shielding or recessed that flooded all sides of my home that has led to a severe drop in my health. Before that time, I had light sensitivity and now from the LED lights I have phototoxicity which caused my NEW disability They have damaged my CNS, altered and disrupted my cognitive abilities, disrupted my hormones, and have left me in chronic pain When the lights came on that month, I could feel them instantly. It was like a electrical shock to my system. Since than I no longer get restorative sleep in my home, these lights have impacted my motor neuron part of the brain as well as pituitary, amygdala, hypothalamus, pineal, Insolent, and parietal and vision. They increase my allergy reactions to foods that I had mild reactions to before Leds I wake up to increased blood pressure, (I don’t have high blood pressure). Before LED light my fibromyalgia was at a level 2 of pain and now fluctuates between an 8 and 10 on pain scale. This is from chronic exposure to my streetlights. All confirmed by 8 doctors. All these issues within a day to a few weeks are lessoned by 80to 90% when I go to a dark area without LEDS. Some are completely gone.

ACUTE symptoms when exposed to high intensity LED lights especially the flickering.

Loss of sight in right eye
Floaters, eye pain
Extreme sharp pain from front of right eye to back of brain that can last up to 72 hrs (imagine a sharp knife going through your eye to back of brain)
Nausea, and throwing up
PANIC ATTACKS!!!
tremors
migraine
Spike in blood pressure
Immediate herpes outbreak (within hours of extreme exposures} incontinence
drooling
Severe scalp migraines
Blistering of skin and oozing.

What’s heart breaking is the fact the lighting industry ignored all the science and medical warnings about LED’s especially from 2016 American Medical Assoc warning that they will make people sick. Over 20,000 peer reviewed research on the damming effects of LEDs WHEN WILL YOU LISTEN AND ACT?? Not acting is negligent
LED lights kill and injure and should have never been released to the public 34 of 76

November 18, 2024 – Rochester, NY – Other
“Description of LED Incident or Impacts of LEDs on Your Life” …YES EVERY DAY IS AN INDECENT! I risking loosing my job and my life. Its dangerous…period! Vehicle, House indoor/outdoor, commercial, street lights et al. Way over the top! Even behind a vehicle the directional and tail lights hurt. I hated these LEDs when I first saw them 20 years ago. Incandescents are now outlawed…thanks big brother…stellar idea.

When is enough enough? Apparently someone must die before anything is changed. Hope it isn’t me. This is getting 110% crazy out of control, compounded by this stupid daylight saving time clock changing BS we were supposed to fix years ago. I don’t get out of work until 5. Its dark! Then I have to run the gauntlet of deer and on coming traffic melting my skull off my neck with these insane projector headlights. They gotta go and go now.

Night driving is like looking into the sun, it hurts! I’ve had to ask HR if I can come in early and leave early. They said I need a note from a doctor….gah! I attach a manila folder to my drivers side visor with a big binder clip so I can hide behind it when oncoming traffic approaches. Tell me, how safe is that!
All its going to take is someone making a left in front of me or a deer coming from left to right and pow I’m done! If LEDs were on the red spectrum verses the blue I believe this problem would be much less severe.

OK so I complained. Now whats the next step to actually making the DOT listen and for someone to take action with the auto industry. What can we all do? I signed the petition and had everyone around me do the same. HELP!
November 18, 2024 – Lompoc, CA – Astigmatism
I have to turn all my mirrors away to just drive home from school in the evenings. I drive home on Highway 1 and sometimes the LED lights behind me are so blindingly bright I have to pull my car over because I cannot see while I’m driving if there is car behind me with LED headlights. This wasn’t an issue for me in the 90’s when car headlights were halogen. Please go back to halogen headlights are do something to fix the reflective glare and brightness. Bright LED headlights are dangerous and people are getting into car accidents and will lose their lives.

November 17, 2024 – Bennington, VT – Astigmatism
I have a larger than normal optic nerve in both eyes. I can’t really drive at night anymore with the brightness of headlights. Also, any type of LED lights are very hard on my eyes sometimes giving me migraine headaches.

November 14, 2024 – Mangonui, New Zealand – Migraine
Swimming in a remote lake, 200m from road access, when a car pulled up flashing the red LED tail lights. I felt immediately nauseated and blacked out with brief loss of consciousness for a few seconds. I came quickly to and swam with difficulty back to the shore having developed blurred vision, pain at the occiput, numb left side of face and left arm (hemiplegic migraine) 35 of 76

November 14, 2024 – Brookville, PA – Migraine
On November 11, I visited an eye clinic for new glasses, only to find that LED lighting posed a significant obstacle. The clinic had no alternative lighting, so I had to bring my own lamp to examine the frames. Briefly removing my protective goggles to look at the glasses on the display triggered a migraine so severe that I ended up vomiting later and lost another four days to recovery.

The vision exam itself was even more problematic, as the clinic relied entirely on an LED screen for testing. Since I couldn’t look at the screen without risking a migraine, they couldn’t fully evaluate my prescription. We attempted to use a painting in the hallway as a substitute to check my sight, but the process left my eyes strained, and I struggled to discern any improvement between lenses. According to the clinician, the LED screen is their only testing method, leaving me in a position where getting a prescription update would mean knowingly inducing another severe migraine.

November 14, 2024 – Shippenville, PA – Migraine
On Halloween night, despite every precaution I took, I suffered a seizure caused by exposure to blue LED headlights. I’ve managed to avoid seizures since early spring by being vigilant, especially on Halloween, a night known for overwhelming lights and harsh visuals from costumes and decorations. I kept all the blinds closed, avoided the front of the house, and even have a canopy tent hanging on my front porch to provide added protection against stray lights.

Unfortunately, someone pulled into my driveway to turn around, and their headlights penetrated both the canopy and my opaque front door, reaching me in the back part of the house. The seizure was immediate and intense, with visual disturbances, uncontrollable shaking, severe pain, and confusion. The following day, I could barely function, enduring cognitive impairment and an excruciating migraine that lasted four days. Despite medication, I suffered through pain-filled dreams and could find no relief. This incident cost me two days of time with my family and two days of work, all because of a brief exposure to LED headlights.

November 13, 2024 – Houston, TX – Astigmatism
I am 39. I have been struggling with these high color temp LEDs for several years. This winter seems much much worse. I wear blue light glasses to reduce the effects as much as possible. But these high color temp lights are everywhere now. Headlights. Wallpacks. Street lights. Sports fields. I can barely leave the house at night any more and feel unsafe driving at night. I have never struggled with night driving until these lights. The light exposure creates a piercing experience in my eyes. Then I get agitated wanting to smash every bright light around me. Some days I can get used to the lights in the city if there isn’t much contrast between dark and light.

But most nights the city is rough as these headlights are now 6000-7000K color temp. Rural driving is painful, especially with the Texas piercing frontage road system where these gas stations and businesses have just hung 7000K color temp wall packs on their exterior walls or canopies. These can be blinding for a half mile. This is no way to live, especially when lower color temp LEDs can provide the same lumens and equal energy efficient results. I know I’m not the only one. And as a taxpayer I would appreciate if Congress would take action on a national simple priority such as this vs devoting their attention to way more complex and controversial 36 of 76

affairs. This fix is simple. We used to get pulled over for driving with your high beams on when passing a car.

Please help. We only get one pair of eyes and I hate to permanently damage them or have an accident because we were too foolish to not deploy common sense regarding outdoor lighting color temp and its affect on humans (and plants and animals and light pollution) November 13, 2024 – Boynton Beach, FL – Epilepsy
My 3 seizures occurs in grocery stores- Publix and Aldi within a 1 year. I notice, that aura is comes as soon as I walk in the store. I never go there without my good sunglasses (Oakley’s works the best so far) on. I change all LED light bulbs in my house to old style light bulbs and fill great. Never had an episode at home since. I drive at night with my sunglasses on, because cars light triggers my seizures as well. LED is epileptics enemy! I have few friends with epilepsy, who experience the same reactions from exposure to LED lights.

November 13, 2024 – Charlotte, NC – Astigmatism
I am writing to express a safety concern regarding the LED headlights on newer vehicles in the Charlotte area, particularly at night. I have found that the bright LED lights from oncoming traffic are significantly blinding and make it difficult for me to see the road clearly. This has become especially problematic for me now that I’m driving after dark, as I get off work when it’s already dark outside.

On multiple occasions, I have almost been involved in accidents because I am unable to properly see the road or other vehicles due to the intensity of the headlights. The glare from these lights severely impairs my vision, and I am now feeling anxious and scared to drive at night because of this issue.

I wanted to bring this to your attention, as it is becoming a significant safety concern for me and I believe it may be impacting others in the community as well.

Something seriously has to be done with these vehicles with that style of lights. SOON! November 11, 2024 – Waterbury, CT – Astigmatism
I am 25 years old and no longer drive after dark. In New England winters, this means 5pm. I drive a compact SUV and am 5’3. Most to all headlights on the road are blinding, and that is from both directions. In suburban and rural areas, the headlights feels exacerbated in strength with often nothing to contrast them. Lift kits aside, SUVs/pick up trucks seem to be eating their veggies and growing in size; their headlights are without a doubt, at my direct head height. There are highways and interstates I have to avoid because the headlights coming from the route opposite direction are too bright. Some headlights even cause reflective mile markers to flare into a ball of light. Too-Bright headlights coming from behind essentially flash bang my rear view and side views. I have driven through construction zones, 3 lanes to 1, at 10mph and been blinded by the work lights, the vehicle lights, even by parked cruisers using rear flashers.

I have never had driving induced anxiety; I have lived across states for college and been a confident driver always. Now a days I am nervously slowed to the right lane when cars are 37 of 76

behind me, or hogging the passing lane out of keeping lights out of the driver-side side mirror. I have always had slight astigmatism, and always had corrective contact lens to support that. This year I had to seek out an optometrist because I thought the astigmatism must have worsened. Its actually improved! Both glasses and contacts are still corrected for them. No improvement for driving.

I feel like I really am going crazy over this! I have limited my night driving to short trips/around town. On occasion I have agreed to longer drives, and regretted each time. Its frightening. Its saddening. Its unfair. I hear people say, “people kept high beaming me, I had no idea mine were so bright!”. I guess they cancel each other out. I am not faulting the individuals, the newer cars are just, like that. I am not as empathetic for after market installations. But how am I tell the difference?
I am weakened by it all. It seems silly, but its not. My heart pours for older adults who’s independence and autonomy are already vulnerable. For pedestrians, who should have the option, ability, and safeguard to walk. For children who ride bikes. I hope to see change, and am happy to know others do too.

November 9, 2024 – Point-a-Pitre, Guadeloupe – None
(this is an automatic translation from a non-American language) Unfiltered LED lights that emit excessive brightness levels and overly white color temperatures, which are harsh on the eyes, have completely disrupted my daily life and degraded my quality of life.

Their widespread and forced implementation for energy efficiency reasons, without any consultation with the general public despite warnings from scientists and health organizations, resembles a dictatorship: “the LED dictatorship.”
Nighttime and daytime car lights, public and private lighting, stores, offices, business premises, public transportation, electronic devices, vending machines, etc., LEDs are everywhere and in excess. This overabundance now prevents me from living normally.

Manufacturers and installers have done whatever they want: everything seems designed so that current lighting is more about assaulting our eyes rather than providing proper and subdued illumination.

It is a dictatorship leading us to a dystopian environment for a portion of the population that suffers: “the LED dystopia.”
Because of LED lighting and its daily impacts on our eyes:

I have to change my personal and professional habits;
I have to flee at night and give up any outings or activities; I can no longer drive at night and stress about being assaulted wherever I need to go; I have lost the freedom to move as I wish;
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I am becoming socially isolated;
I am losing the health of my eyes and fear losing my sight! Furthermore, I can no longer tolerate seeing and enduring these “light signatures” from cars that cause retinal persistence phenomena or light trails, dangerously obscuring vision.

LEDs have created a real phobia in me: “LED phobia.”
LEDs are a nightmare and a missed opportunity to reduce our impact on health and the environment at a time when it is impossible to gaze at the starry sky and biodiversity is collapsing.

November 8, 2024 – Sandpoint, ID – Other
Since LED lights have come out on cars (and especially pickup trucks) I have been unable to drive in the dark. The lights create a halo that fills my entire vision field, making it dangerous to me and others. I cannot see even the side of the road……. Even after cataract surgery. This has caused me to curtail all evening activities. I am retired & live in the country so this is very isolating and causes depression.

November 7, 2024 – Vacaville, CA – Autism
I was in the city just after sunset and all the blue LED car headlights and blue LED streetlights started appearing. I started to go into a panic. It felt like it was an emergency, so I reached into the center console of my car and found some orange tinted clip on glasses. I put these on over my glasses, and the panic immediately stopped. All of the blue-rich LED lights were still far too intense, but the feeling of life-or-death panic was completely removed by putting on the orange- tinted glasses which filtered out the blue wavelength light.

November 1, 2024 – Fresno, CA – None
The lights are so bright now, I hate driving at night to pick up my kids from activities. Now its dark earlier due to time change. It is terrifying. Seriously. Sometimes I just pray I make it. I have flashed before as a reminder the brights are for oncoming traffic. Numerous times they flash back and its even brighter! I get white spots in my eyes everyday. Im buying night vision glasses.

Do ya’ll night drive at night or cant see from the back of your limo? What is going on? October, 2024

October 27, 2024 – Los Angeles, CA – Autism
My partner and I took turns driving from Sacramento to San Diego during the day. For the most part, the drive was without incident. At about 4pm, we were in the Los Angeles area.

First, we witnessed the result of a fatality crash, with about 6 emergency vehicles with red LED flashing lights. I was the passenger, and was forced to shield my eyes from the flashing LEDs.

Then I was struck at close range by the blue LED lights on a highway patrol car further down the freeway, causing me pain and anxiety.
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Around 5pm, the blue-rich LED headlights started appearing, causing me to have to look out the passenger window. Then the blue-rich LED streetlights started turning on, causing me to flinch with each exposure. Then there were blue-rich LED wall packs and floodlights on my right and left which increased my agitation at each exposure.

As the sun set, we exited on a ramp, and tiny yellow LED flashing lights on multiple curve signs struck me directly at close range. After dark, we were inundated with blue-rich LED headlights, blue-rich LED streetlights, blue-rich flood lights, LED business signs, parking lot lighting, and intense LED red taillights. A commercial truck had red LEDs wrapped around the entire back of the truck.

When we arrived at my my mother’s house, a place I know well, I was hyper vigilant. Every light was now too bright. Every light was a danger. Everything was too bright. For the first time in my life, I was unable to greet my mother with enthusiasm. I was in shock.

My mother turned off all but one incandescent lamp, but when she asked me if she could turn on one more lamp, I broke down crying. I am now on edge. I am on hyper alert. Every light is an enemy.

October 21, 2024 – Paoli, PA – Migraine
I have recently started to suffer from severe chronic migraines. As a result, I am photophobic almost all of the time. This makes LED lights not only painful and very uncomfortable when I drive at night, but also dangerous. Whenever a car with LED lights passes me at night, I am blinded for about three seconds. I have to pray that a deer or other animal will not run out in front of my car, especially now that it is deer rutting season and the deer are very active. This is all made so much worse by the fact that many people in my area have new cars, meaning ultra bright or powerful LED lights. I did not have a migraine earlier today, but I may develop one soon after driving tonight.

October 20, 2024 – Harbor Springs, MI – None
I can’t drive in the morning or at night because of these blinding headlights. This is crazy, worse than drunk drivers. What happened to the Auto Safety industry or safety regulations? I am either going to have to lose work/get fired because of this or literally drive blind and pray I don’t die or kill someone else.

October 18, 2024 – Portland, OR – Astigmatism
I thought I could get over it, because LED headlights are so unavoidable. I tried everything I could possibly do to cope. But lately it has evolved to suicidal thoughts, because I feel like I’ll never be able to live a normal life again. I was thinking maybe I have autism, maybe I should get that checked out, but I feel ridiculous. Do I really go tell a therapist that LED headlights make me want to kill myself? Is that what I have to do?
October 12, 2024 – Esparto, CA – Autism
I was driving behind a vehicle when it suddenly pulled to the side of the road. Coming towards us was an ambulance with LED flashing lights. I felt like I was electrocuted and was going to go unconscious. I instantly closed my eyes and stopped my car. After a few seconds, a car behind 40 of 76

me honked, and when I opened my eyes, the ambulance was already gone. Now I’m suffering the psychological after-effects.

October 11, 2024 – Yolo County, CA – Autism
I was driving East on a County road in the day when a vehicle came towards me with intense, rapidly flashing amber LED lights. I felt panic rushing in and put my arms up to block the assault. Since I now couldn’t see the road, I came to a full stop. Then somebody honked a horn. I moved my arms, and saw that the lead truck had passed, but a wide-load mobile home on a truck was inches from the left side of my car. These LED flashing lights are a menace and violation of our civil rights. My anxiety ran high for 30 minutes after the encounter.

October 11, 2024 – Brooklyn, NY – Other
Causes nervous system dysregulation which impacts motors skills & orientation, migraines, seizures, nausea, ability to digest food, vomiting
October 7, 2024 – Augusta, ME – Astigmatism
There are multiple times, every time that I am driving at night that certain oncoming vehicles had their high beams on, and I would put on my high beams, only for them to flash their brights at me because I was wrong. It seems to have gotten worse now that 1. I’ve been diagnosed with astigmatism, 2. I now live in a town that doesn’t have street lights, and 3. I am driving more at night. It just seems as if EVERY oncoming vehicle have the high beams on. I try every trick in the book to not look directly at the lights, to focus on the right side line on the road and physically block out the lights with my hand. I am afraid my myself and the safety of others if I cannot see when I am driving, especially living in the state of Maine where moose are not easily seen in the dark.

October 6, 2024 – Howell, MI – None
Nice to find out I am not alone regarding this topic Engineers at automotive companies are responsible for what I consider an environmental pollution nightmare. I never had any trouble driving at night until about the past 8 years or so when I noticed the blue LED lights being applied to more and more vehicles. At first, it was only a few vehicles so a bit of a nuisance, but manageable. Now almost 80% of the vehicles on the road have these super bright blue spectrum LED emitters just blasting out light. I can literally feel the pain in my eyes when these vehicles approach. I started wearing my polarized sunglasses for driving all the time including nighttime.

Does anyone know how those lights may be damaging our eyesight, especially at night when the pupil is dilated due to ambient darkness? Come on engineers, do your job! Ask the questions and demand the answers before you release products which can cause harm.

October 3, 2024 – Bethlehem, GA – None
I can no longer drive in what I feel to be a safe manner due to the piercing brightness of headlights.

Over the last year they have become so sharp on the eyes that even in the various hours of the morning, dusk night and even overcast days I am forced to stare at the white line in the side of the road. Giant, oversized trucks with these horrid headlights are near perfectly at eye level often times leaving me stunned.
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I’ve had my eyes checked to ensure they’re is no damage to them or a condition being developed that’s in need of correction. This is not the case as aside from a mild prescription I received a couple years ago, nothing has changed personally.

I’ve also made mention of the problem to friends and family and ALL agree that it’s out of control. My mother refusing to drive at night as well at this point.

It’s flat out dangerous to the public and out of control.

October 1, 2024 – Elk Grove, CA – Autism
I attempted to enter a large box store that had installed collections of LED “white” tube lights in the ceiling. I glanced up at these LED lights and immediately felt eye pain. I turned and left the store, knowing that the situation would only get worse if I remained.

October 1, 2024 – Easton, MA – None
There are multiple times, almost nightly, that I would bet my paycheck that certain oncoming vehicles had their high beams on, and I would put on my high beams, only for them to flash their brights at me because I was wrong. I’ve been driving for almost 50 years and I have always preferred driving at night until the last 5 or 6 six years or so. It just seems as if EVERY oncoming vehicle have the high beams on. I try every trick in the book to not look directly at the lights, to focus on the right side line on the road and I’ve even purchased a few pairs of night driving glasses. The glasses reduce the glare a little bit, but doesn’t help much. Most of the sunglasses I have work, but I can’t see the road properly. After an oncoming car passes I have difficulty seeing, have spots etc, that last anywhere between 20 and 55 seconds where I have limited visuals on the road, instead of my usual 100% attention, while waiting for my eyes to adjust. Sometimes after I get to my destination, I realize I have a headache. My first car had two round, sealed beam headlights with incandescent lamps. Only one was functioning and that was plenty of light for me to see and drive. My current vehicle, a 2018 Silverado has more than enough light and projects for what seems like a half mile in front of me. I don’t need to see that far down the road!. When I put the brights on, its crazy bright! I don’t need all of that light.

Things would be a little better if they eliminated to Auto-High-Beam function. Massachusetts drivers complained years ago of the brightness of the State Police emergency lights being too bright, practically blinding you as you were approaching the police cruiser. Eventually after a few collisions and unfortunately injured troopers, they changed the lights to be less intense. I get stressed out when I have to drive at night because of this easy-to-rectify problem with LED Lights being so bright, when they don’t have to be.

September, 2024
September 30, 2024 – Westminster, CO – None
Sitting at an intersection with a car on the other side whose lights were so bright that the traffic lights could barley break through the “white out” effect from LED lights. Multiple people (myself included) flashed their lights at the driver in hopes they would turn them off but instead the driver made them brighter. Even if this person was not on the road with illegally modified headlights I come home every night with so many spots in my vision that I am almost blind and it seems to get worse with every repetition, I fear I might loose my eyesight. 42 of 76

September 28, 2024 – Denver, CO – Other
This report is for many different incidents as I don’t feel like submitting over 500 different incidences. It’s a daily problem, every time I drive I am affected by these lights. There has been times I’ve almost driven off the road because I simply can’t see the road from being blinded. It’s absolutely absurd that this has not been regulated. I get migraines from these lights now, it produces extreme amounts of stress, it has made me dread night driving which I work a night job so I’m kind of stuck dealing with it. I’ve had pedestrians run out in front of my car and I almost killed them because I was being blinded. These are an extreme safety hazard and something MUST BE DONE.

September 27, 2024 – Bar Harbor, ME – Migraine
Have had migraines since youth, worsened by post-concussion syndrome in young adulthood.

Construction vehicles, night driving, and even LEDs at pool facilities are intensely disruptive.

Most recent example was a construction firm pickup with blinking yellow/white at 6am. Has seared my retinas for days and increased sensitivity to other lights. I already have to live with enough avoidance of crowded noisy places and entertainment venues due to strobes and music- LEDs make avoidance near impossible and driving potentially hazardous.

September 26, 2024 – Idledale, CO – Migraine
LED headlights have ruined my life by being the primary trigger of my migraine headaches. I never had migraines until these awful lights became common place. I can no longer drive at dawn, dusk, or night, and have frequently had migraines triggered by LED headlights during the daytime. I can’t even stand the light from my own LED headlights and wish there was a way to replace them with halogen bulbs. Unfortunately my new car was pounded by hail shortly after purchasing it, or else I’d get rid of it in a heartbeat. When will these dangerous headlights be outlawed. As it is the auto industry and lack of action by Congress has forced me to stay home and limit my activities at night. I consider this discrimination.

September 25, 2024 – Anytown, VA – Other
In night time car headlights are blinding and the state does not allow you to tint windshield.

September 21, 2024 – Shippenville, PA – Migraine
At the dance studio. A parent had suv running outside while child took class. So they were sitting not driving with the headlights on full (low beam). Plus there was this weird strip of running lights wrapped the headlights and the grill. The lights were more white and not as purple as most.

So the hit seemed a bit less. I know to not look up or towards the door. I always put up a hand by my eyes to block and avoid grazes. I’ve had troubles with headlights coming in the door historically. In which a seizure was triggered (in front of children). So now I always keep my head down and walk on the one side of the building to avoid the door to the outside. This door is a full see through business type glass. As I walked along the “safe” side of the building. The led headlights reflected off an interior (glass see through) door (it was at a slight angle), and hit me in my left eye, mostly. Part of the right eye. Instant reaction. Blink reflex. Yet couldn’t open eyes. Couldn’t walk. Felt short of breath. Almost threw up. Stood in a veg state for several minutes. Couldn’t respond to anyone’s questions despite hearing them. Slowly I pulled myself back to the world after 5 min or so and was able to walk away. Sat down. Couldn’t do any of the work I was working on. Organizing and cleaning the teacher shelves. Etc. Couldn’t even finish 43 of 76

the task I started. Barely made it through our team meeting. Couldn’t think or filter my thoughts and words. I had severe pain on left eyebrow felt like an ice pick stabbed in. Yet felt like a bomb went off in my brain. Pain was so severe. Eyeballs hurt. The clarity of my vision decreased.

Couldn’t read fine print like I usually can. Left side if my face went numb. Size of my fist of an additional throbbing pain around my eye socket. I got super super super cold. Started shivering and had goosebumps. I have an apple watch. My heart rate skyrocketed at the exact time I got hit. And continued to be high for 20-30 min. But the worst was immediately following the hit.

When hit by LEDs I struggle to sleep at night. It’s like my brain is sooooo tired and sore but it’s wired. Electrified. I can’t sleep no matter what I do. Yep this happened. Couldn’t sleep well at all. Today I have a massive migraine. The whole left top side of my brain is beyond sore. Can’t touch my scalp. My eyeballs are killing me. Left area around the eyeball is pulsing in like mini pulses. Quick but defined. I can’t think. I can’t come up with the right words. Im so tired. This is all because a led headlight reflected off a glass door.

September 20, 2024 – Raleigh, NC – None
Headlights on newer cars make daytime and nighttime driving a constant safety and health risk.

These weaponized devices are a clear violation of my rights.

September 17, 2024 – Easton, CT – Electromagnetic Sensitivity My neighbor keeps her very strong LED lights on over her garage all night long from 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. and I cannot sit in the room where their light shines into my kitchen area. I feel sick and nauseous. I feel there is a very strong connection with the LED and frequency that is generated by the towers, wifi-routers, smart meters on their home and my home since I cannot have it removed. I place a date in this form but it is daily I am subjected to these harmful energies from the LED. The bright light is a light trespass into my private space.

September 16, 2024 – Kensington, MD – None
I have personally side-swiped a pile of debris on 270 that was jutting into the lane at highway speed that was **invisible** because of oncoming LED Headlights almost taking out myself and my family. Luckily it just scraped up the side of my car. On other occasions I have barely seen pedestrians on the street who were completely shrouded in darkness because of the contrast these ultra-bright lights create outside of their dazzling beams. I often find it very difficult to see the road markings or the actual profile of an oncoming vehicle because the only thing visible is the floating white ovals in my windshield.

September 16, 2024 – Shippenville, PA – Migraine
On August 27, 2024, my husband took me to an appointment with a Neurologist/Headache Specialist at the Cleveland Clinic at their Brunswick location. On the ride there I had a few minor hits from LED headlights which caused a migraine. While at the doctors office I was met with LED lights throughout the office. I got a severe migraine and a tingling feeling in my face.

It made the visit with the doctor very difficult as I was unable to come up with the right words to describe exactly how the LED lights are effecting me due to the cognitive loss I had from the LED lights. During this visit it was stated by the Neurologist that LEDs are a common trigger for migraines.
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September 16, 2024 – Shippenville, PA – Migraine
I was riding in a vehicle with co-workers as I am unable to drive because of the LED lights. I picked my head up to look around because we were in the woods when the vehicle in front of us hit their breaks and the lights came on and caused an immediate migraine. Note that the vehicle that caused this was a government vehicle. I had an aura and severe cognitive decline that lasted for hours. Also had a numbness feeling on the left side of my face around my eye and nose.

September 16, 2024 – Nashville, TN – Other
I have Mast Cell Activation Syndrome. My body produces an allergic reaction to things that wouldn’t normally cause anyone else a problem, including LED lights. My brain interprets the rapid flashing light as if there’s something attacking my body, resulting in what we call a “histamine dump.” Histamine dumps lower blood pressure. But given I have a condition known as Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, which already gives me low blood pressure, the combination of this condition with MCAS histamine dump causes me to go into hypovolemic shock. It causes the worst pain I’ve ever known, where my brain is screaming for oxygen and nutrients, fading in and out of being hyperaware of how much pain I’m in only to dissociate from it as a way to protect myself from the mental anguish of that pain. I’ve almost died from this several times. For almost a decade, I exhibited symptoms of hypovolemic shock at the end of nearly every day, only to be told it was a cervicogenic headache or migraine. Now that I’m diagnosed, I’m on a medication to treat it. But that medication isn’t strong enough to counteract the effects of extremely bright LED headlights, let alone LED streetlights. Every time I leave the house at night, I get sick. I’m already disabled my multiple chronic conditions. My life is already limited. I don’t know how to live life unable to even go outside at night.

September 14, 2024 – Vacaville, CA – Autism
I was driving at dusk when a fire truck or ambulance suddenly appeared with LED lights flashing. I immediately threw both of my arms in front of my face and hit the brakes to stop the car. I thought that this might be the end of my life. The LED flashing lights are sheer terror and I can’t function. After the fire truck/ambulance passed by, I felt like I was going to cry from the emotional trauma. My brain then feels like it’s dead even hours later.

September 12, 2024 – Moorhead, MN – None
When driving on roads with multiple lanes last night, I turned my driver’s side mirror out and flipped the tab on my rearview mirror because the headlights around me were causing me physical pain and making it nearly impossible to drive. I couldn’t see the road in front of me when the headlights were reflecting from the mirrors into my eyes. After adjusting my mirrors, I couldn’t see anyone on my driver’s side without turning my head, and I couldn’t see well behind me in my rearview, but I felt like a much safer driver with those changes because I could actually see the road in front of me.

September 5, 2024 – Keene, NH – Other
Driving down a tree lined road at around 6 PM (dusk) there was a vehicle stopped in the oncoming lane with their lights blinding me. As I slowed down and continued on my side, I saw a headlight blink. That was the only warning I had that there was someone in the road. I slowed down to a crawl, and the driver was out walking around their vehicle with the driver’s side door wide open into my lane. If I continued going the speed limit (30 MPH) I may have hit the driver 45 of 76

or at the very least hit their open door. I was able to stay calm driving home, but when I got home 10 minutes later and realized how close I came to possibly killing someone (because the LED headlights were blinding me) I had an anxiety attack, including shortness of breath, racing heartbeat, and a feeling of doom. I already only drive as strictly necessary because of these lights, and this incident further fuels my fear of these headlights causing me to get into an accident.

September 3, 2024 – West Deptford, NJ – Photophobia
This is an ongoing problem. For the past few years I have been unable to shop at the local Shop Rite ever since they doubled or even tripled the amount of lighting above the checkout lines. I get migraine symptoms within minutes even while wearing my tinted glasses and a wide brimmed hat to bloc much of the light. The lighting is that intense. I get visual distortions, nausea, and the Pain starts in about 5 to 11 minutes (I’ve timed it) I can no longer shop at my local supermarket. The manager I spoke to had callous disregard for my condition, and my emails to management have received zero replies of any kind.

Other Shop Rites aren’t nearly this bad. The Glassboro location recently remodeled and installed DECENT, HUMAN LIGHTING that doesn’t bother me at all. Why cant all supermarkets do this?
There is some financial damage from this: I’ve been paying the higher prices at Acme because I can stand the lighting, or driving the 16 mile round trip to the Glassboro location just to feel human when I shop, so thats extra gas and miles on my car every time.

September 3, 2024 – Deptford, NJ – Photophobia
I tried to shop at the Five Below in Deptford NJ on Almonesson Road. I only needed one item, I hadn’t been in this particular Five Below before. I barely lasted 5 minutes in there before migraine symptoms started, even with the protection of my FL41 tinted sunglasses. The LED lighting is so intense it completely overwhelmed any protection. I was fine when I entered the store, but within minutes I felt nausea and the beginnings of the familiar headache. I had to rest for a few minutes in my car where it was dark, just to recover.

September 2, 2024 – Zwolle, The Netherlands – Migraine
Hello, im am not able to use any screens that use dithering and low frequency of PWM. With in use of a product that use these technologies it will give migrenen instantly. I am really conserd of the future because more screens are made with this technology. I have 3 kids and for so long i can i will not let the use devices that use PWM on los frequency and dithering. It will do damage on the long run. For now there is to low attention for this problem and i hope senserly that in the near future this will be widely known.

September 1, 2024 – Novi Sad, Serbia – None
Dear FDA Representatives,
I am writing to bring to your attention a serious health concern I have experienced with MacBooks manufactured after 2022. All MacBooks purchased after 2022, including the MacBook Pro M2 Max, cause severe eye pain, muscle tension around the eyes, and migraines.

These issues occur when using macOS, with symptoms appearing almost immediately upon using the device. I sustained a severe eye injury during testing, limiting my work time to 40- 46 of 76

minute intervals. Even a year later, I cannot work for more than 8 hours a day. Despite consulting several ophthalmologists and specialists in binocular vision disorders, no significant issues were found, and all professionals confirmed that my eyes are healthy. My symptoms disappear when I stop using MacBooks and switch to other devices that do not use Temporal Dithering. There is a clear connection between my symptoms and the use of Temporal Dithering technology in MacBooks. More information on this technology can be found on the following forum: https://ledstrain.org/t/temporal-dithering. As further evidence, MacOS users who managed to disable Temporal Dithering no longer experience headaches or eye pain:
https://ledstrain.org/d/2686-i-disabled-dithering-on-apple-silicon-introducing-stillcolor-macos- m1m2m3. I am deeply concerned that in the future, I may be unable to use any Apple device, compromising my rights and ability to work.

I urge the FDA to regulate the use of technologies that involve pixel flickering for color display in Apple products. Your intervention is essential to ensure that sensitive users can continue to use Apple technology safely and effectively.

August, 2024
August 31, 2024 – Madison, California – Autism
I was a passenger in a car. As we approached a roundabout, a truck with white LED lights, the circular ones near the bumper, struck me directly. I screamed profanity and began crying. The other 3 passengers all confirmed that the light was excessively bright. For me, however, it was severe emotional trauma. The after effects are very long lasting.

August 29, 2024 – Christchurch, New Zealand – Sjogren’s I was driving and came to a set of roadworks where I had to stop at some temporary traffic lights.

I was the car in the front of the queue at the light. There was a worker’s utility vehicle parked right behind the light in my line of sight. It had its rapidly strobing lights on. I am unable to function if I look at strobing lights due to neurological and eye symptoms from my common autoimmune condition called Sjogren’s (for example Sjogren’s impacts an estimated 3-4 million people in the U.S.). I do not have trouble with sunlight or incandescent lights, but LEDs are painfully glaring to me, and strobing lights cause even worse disability. In the incident I am describing I had to block my eyes with my visor and arm, which meant I could not look at the traffic light and I had to wait until the car behind me tooted so that I could know when to drive on. Even then I had to do so VERY slowly as I had to keep blocking my eyes as I went past the strobing vehicle and there was a danger I could hit a roadworker.

August 28, 2024 – Esparto, CA – Autism
I was driving and encountered a utility truck with both sets of headlights turned on. I turned on my non-LED high beams in the hope that the driver would turn off the high beams. Instead, the driver turned on amber LED flashing lights that incapacitated me. I was unable to proceed forward and stopped my car. Instead of driving off, the driver of the utility truck stopped also.

My vision and cognitive abilities were severely impaired, with panic setting in. Finally, I started to inch forward, and then so did the utility truck. It seems like the driver was doing it on purpose.

After he left, I spent several minutes simply stopped in the middle of the road, trying to breathe and let the panic subside.
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August 24, 2024 – Crawfordville, FL – Epilepsy
Hi! I was diagnosed around 27 with epilepsy, cataplexy, and narcalepsy. It is a rare condition. I am now 52. I lost my license to drive at 27 bc I had a grande mal seizure front the sun shining down through the trees and as I drove thru them the light would blink and next thing I had totaled my car. I noticed that the sun was a problem to me around the age of 16. Wearing sunglasses doesn’t really help much. I am very sensitive to the light. My favorite thing to do is shop. The LED lights in the stores have now even made it to where I can not shop if they have the newest led lighting. I know what stores to avoid It will actually make me very sick if I go into a store w led. I’m not sure to tell you if I am shaking but I do know I get very confused and I will pouring with sweat. It almost paralyzes me. I can barely move or walk. I recently was in Big Lots where I had my last episode less then a week ago. I’m begging someone to listen. I will even have my mom record an episode and send it to you. Many people are affected by this. I want to be the voice that gets heard. I am literally begging to make this lighting go away so I can safely buy groceries.

August 23, 2024 – Monroeville, PA – Autism
I am unable to focus when I drive at night due to LED headlights. I had zero issue driving prior to their introduction. Even during the transitional hours of morning and evening sometimes these headlights are too bright. I am blinded to the point that I see afterimages of the lights in my eyes even without directly looking at them as if there were many tiny suns on the road.

August 22, 2024 – Rocklin, CA – Autism
LED headlights, along with increasing levels of aircraft noise, have literally taken away my ability to live independently.

I was diagnosed with high functioning autism when I was 17 and one of my symptoms is a high sensitivity to light and noise, which is common among autistic people.

I worked as a mechanical engineer in the San Diego metropolitan area for about 3 years after graduating college in 2020. During that time, I was with a long-term girlfriend and was even living with her for the last year of my time there. While living in San Diego I was getting more and more anxious and overwhelmed to the point where I wasn’t able to function enough to keep my job or be a good partner with my girlfriend. Eventually, I had something akin to a nervous breakdown and I am now living at home with my parents and working at my local grocery store (thank god I have loving parents who are willing to help me out).

I believe that the exponential increase in recent years of both LED headlights and ceaseless air traffic over residential communities were the main cause of my anxiety. As an autistic, I need to live in an environment that’s a sensory safe space (dim and quiet) so that I can recharge from the stimulation of a full day in the hustle and bustle of life. When there’s aircraft noise penetrating my room and LED light every time I drive, there’s very little break from the overstimulation. If I’m not able to get this recharge time, the sensory overload causes a cumulative effect, and anxiety builds in me.

While living with my parents, in an area with much less air traffic, I’ve been able to work reduced hours and limit my nighttime driving. I’m starting to see my mental health improve. 48 of 76

However, I still have to be careful not to drive for more than 15 minutes or so at night and I mostly have to stay indoors where I can control the lighting and noise levels.

I used to love exploring at night. In fact, I would often go out during the nighttime because this was when the noise of the city quiets down and I feel more comfortable. It’s not fair that the world is taking this freedom away from me by creating an unnecessarily harsh environment for sensory sensitive people. I also used to love camping for similar reasons (it was an escape from the noise of the city), but the proliferation of aircraft have taken this escape away from me as well. I have done a lot of brainstorming and can think of several ways that we could make our world more sensory friendly without significantly reducing quality of life for neurotypicals, such as reducing brightness / adding diffusers to LED lighting, enforcing common sense vehicle noise laws, and creating no-fly zones over designated sensitive areas.

August 19, 2024 – Marietta, OH – None
I work mornings mostly, which means I’m on the road when it’s dark out. Every led that passes me or gets behind me blinds me. Most times I have to stare down at the middle line to make sure I’m still on the road. Even dark dirt road my cars yellow brights work just fine. There’s no need for someone to light up the whole state of Ohio
August 16, 2024 – Middlefield, OH – Migraine
I went to my bank while it was closed on the weekend to get money from the ATM, but there were so many LEDs that I had difficulty making out the buttons, I felt disoriented, and quickly started to have pain in my eyes and head, resulting in a low grade migraine. I had difficulty responding to the passenger with me in the vehicle and making quick judgements while driving afterwards. I had a headache the rest of the day and into the next day after the couple of minutes at a machine to access my funds.

August 15, 2024 – Round Lake Park, IL – Photophobia
I have had glasses since I was 10 years old and am now 31. After reaching my 20s my eyes leveled out and my prescription did not change for over 6 years. In the past year and a half I have worked from home on a computer. Between computer screen and the blue LED headlights my prescription went from -3.5/-3.75 to -4.25/-4.25. Even more recently for 2 days my left eye experienced a ‘halo’ effect when looking at lights that worsened at night. Thankfully it went away after a few days, but 2 opthalmologists couldn’t determine the cause. Driving at night is an increasing hazard due the brightness headlights, especially the LED ones. There does not seem to be any regulation on how bright headlights can be and all the LEDs make it difficult to see the road when there are oncoming and they leave a lingering effect on my eyes after they’ve gone. I have order my new prescription with blue light filter lenses to lessen the effect of headlights and screens. Those special lenses seem to range anywhere from an additional $30 to upwards of $100 on top of the cost for the frames themselves. And that was on a cheap website like Zennioptical.

August 14, 2024 – Goodyear, AZ – Migraine
I have migraines that get triggered from bright lights from light bulbs and sun glare. I used to be safe from this affliction at night, but that hasn’t been the case ever since LED headlights have become popular. I now feel that I have to wear sunglasses at night as well as during the day to avoid what feels like the unabated light of the sun from traffic from the opposite side of the street 49 of 76

or from trucks who tailgate me for not going 80 mph on the freeway. I am essentially left blind and with a burgeoning migraine every time a passing car shines their lights at me, and I am certain I am not the only one who suffers from this.

August 12, 2024 – Queen Creek, AZ – Electromagnetic Sensitivity My wife started to develop dizziness every time she would go inside of a newly opened Costco near our home. When she would arrive home, she would be nauseous and have to rest for a while. Now, she struggles to go there alone because of how being in the store makes her feel, and usually needs someone to go with her. The lighting in the store is the bright white LED type.

Very agitating to the eyes. Not sure if there’s other factors at play, by the lighting is definitely an assault on the eyes. When I go in there, I’m in and out pretty fast because the lighting is so stressful.

August 9, 2024 – Jefferson, OH – Other
I have worked with injurious light emitting devices for 15 years. The act of being forced to look into high powered led arrays has been a continuous thing for me and at least a few other people at work. This has increased to a ridiculous glaring issue, and nobody seems concerned about. I became more interested in all of this recently when i noticed a sort of hole in my vision where if I look at something for a few seconds it just starts to go black. A common daily routine for me involves taking measurements thermal and electrical measurements of several very high powered lights in the space of a meter that output 72,000 lumens pointing up at my face, my face is less than 2 feet away. I was not given proper PPE and had to ask for it, then i received improper ppe, and by way of my own ended up using a shade 5 ppe for welding.(which is still not good enough because the stuff hurts my eyes also there appears to be zero science in choosing the right ppe for staring into injurious light) I am confused about what ppe to use for reading meters while viewing intense light. I went to the optometrist, and he claimed my eyes did not seem damaged, suggested i am experiencing some sort of photo bleaching and said that they will be damaged and he recomended that the company i work for should seek a safety hygienist. But like i said stuff disappears if i look at it for a few seconds a plus i seem to experience mental problems while being around these intense lights. I have read through all the regulations and shortcomings of various federal regulatory bodies and i just don’t know where to start besides letting the safety coordinator person know my problems. I have not done that because i want to make a clear case and show everyone what is really wrong. That and i don’t want to end up being ignored or dismissed.

August 7, 2024 – Knoxville, TN – None
Excessively bright, unshielded lights are being set up over the city, some residential, some commercial. Despite being against code, the City does not effectively address the issue. Lights close to my home leave me and my neighbors blinded to own properties, as well are problematic for drivers. I am literally unable to look across my lawn when they are on, as the glare is blinding and painful to my eyes (I have no eyesight issues), meaning I cannot see anything. They’re also an ecological catastrophe. It is unbelievable these lights have gone unregulated this long.

August 7, 2024 – Valley Stream, NY – None
LED headlights are incredibly irritating and they’ve become far brighter than is necessary. Not only are they absolutely blinding in some cases but they’re DISTRACTING, and I can’t imagine 50 of 76

what could be worse on the road. Headlights should be sufficient and shouldn’t pose an issue for other drivers. The fact that they do risks lives every day! August 6, 2024 – Winters, CA – Autism
I was driving on a country road in the daytime. Over 1 mile ahead of me was a utility truck on the side of the road with amber LED flashing lights. For the entire mile, I was either glued to these LED flashing lights, or forcing myself to look away. As I approached the truck, the LED strobe lights were overwhelming and I could not see through the lights. I stopped my car in the road and started to panic. I put my hand in front of my right eye, and then tried to use my left eye to navigate around the truck. It is impossible for me to think or see with these LED flashing lights blasting me and I suffer extreme anxiety and panic.

August 6, 2024 – San Diego, CA – Other
Honestly, this is an issue I must deal with EVERY time I have to drive at night! There are far too many outrageously and dangerously bright headlights that blind me and so many others I know.

Whether it’s headlights that haven’t been positioned correctly, or large vehicles beams that shine directly into my review and side mirrors, either way it’s awful! In order to drive without being blinded nonstop, I must flip my review mirror up, and use my left hand to block my drivers side mirror. This GREATLY reduces my safe usage of these needed tools, but I have no choice. I either do these things or be completely blinded by these eye scorching beams. I can recall when there were warnings against looking into these LED beans when flashlights started using them, and now, we are forced to be blinded by them WHILE DRIVING!!! August 6, 2024 – Culver City, CA – Other
I have to hold one hand w/ a newspaper, and bring down my visor, the rear view & side mirrors to block all LED headlights. This makes it very difficult to see any traffic hazards. If the light does hit my eyes, i get a piercing pain back to my optic nerve worse than a migraine.

August 5, 2024 – Beaverton, OR – Migraine
Poorly designed LED lights impact my health severely. Flickering LED lights induce migraine headaches, and this affects my health nearly every day. Overly bright LED headlights and street lights impair my night vision and make driving more dangerous.

August 5, 2024 – Bradford, England – None
I walk my dog along part of a busy road, the car LED lights are so bright coming toward me that one night I did not see a bramble which hit my face leaving blood running down my face! August 4, 2024 – Spokane Valley, WA – Epilepsy
The use of LED lights in public spaces has and continues to become a more and more serious issue as more and more are being used and lights are being switched to this. In department stores like Walmart, I can only be in there for about 10 minutes max and it sets off my epilepsy. I get nauseous, and dizzy and begin to have auras. I have to immediately go outside to natural light.

They are being used as street lamps and at night with it already dark outside, it makes them that much more awful for people like me. They are being used in headlights and I made a serious note of this when my son and I drove to Denver and back from WA. If there was oncoming traffic at night and older cars with older style headlights, there is no issues driving at night. Sure 51 of 76

they are bright and you always have a little of that bright headlight thing going on, but those new LED headlights are just obnoxious beyond belief. Not only are they bright, but when you get a row of them and you have epilepsy – they flicker, and some flicker noticeably because when it is temperature change ie colder they seem to have an issue and cause flickering. As a person with epilepsy you only have the instinct to close your eyes and you can’t because you are driving the car. Same with going down a street light with LED street lamps. And while I get that if you have epilepsy and they say don’t drive. I CAN drive, and DO have my license and it is unfair to me to take away my license because of some light bulbs!!!! When I am otherwise allowed to drive. In my recent drive to Denver and the flickering head lights – some were almost to a point of flashing like an emergency vehicle. How on earth is that even safe for any driver encountering that in the dark at night? It is visually distracting like a strobe light.

And then finally – I can not even have lighting in my own home or my office any more. You have completely gotten rid of any light bulb that a person with epilepsy or a person with strokes etc can use in their own home and using those ones that change the lighting tone from natural lighting to bright lighting really doesn’t help sorry. So what do you expect all of us to do? Go back to only lighting our houses by candlelight? You, as the FDA need to LISTEN! I am in architecture and interior design, I am well aware of design and lighting. This is a very REAL issue that needs to be looked at. It is a health/ medical concern. My mom recently had a serious of mild strokes, and upon researching it since I have epilepsy – I discovered that strokes including decreasing blood flow to the brain CAN because by LED lighting! Before this is dismissed as a whim, you need to actually look at this. It is a real problem. If I go in to Lowe’s or Home Depot in their lighting section I can last about 2 minutes and I have to go running out of there and want to throw up it is so bad. I used to love their lighting section – even just a couple years ago it was still ok because not all the lighting had been switched out yet – there was still a balance. Today I can make it about 2 minutes – you want to tell me that is not a serious health concern? I am just one person out of millions with epilepsy, strokes, migraines…… This effects a lot of people – not a handful. On my same adventure drive to Denver the other day – we stopped at hotel and stayed the night. When I came to the reception counter, the woman behind the counter had the lights above the counter area turned off. So I asked her about it and told her I had epilepsy and just wondered if she did and that’s why she had the lights off. She told me that ever since the hotel had switched to the new lights, she can’t keep them on any more. that she had a car accident and now had a serious stigmatism that caused her migraines. The new lights make it so bad she gets sick and can not be around them at all so she had no choice but to turn off the lights just to be in that space.

The FDA needs to listen – it is a REAL problem! Thank you August 4, 2024 – Kittatas, WA – Astigmatism
I have had to stop my car entirely when driving at night because the lights were so blinding. I literally can not see and choose to stop my car in the middle of the road for everyone’s safety. I don’t have this issue with all the headlights. For some lights, I do use my hand to shield my eyes from the headlights. I had to do this over the weekend once again. I have noticed that when I use my hand to shield my eyes I feel heat on my hand. This weekend’s incident stood out because I had the a/c on in my car and I could still feel heat on my hand from the on coming headlights. I have also noticed that my left eye, the eye that gets the most direct LED light, has been slowly getting worse.
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August 4, 2024 – Webster, MA – Migraine
When the migraine sets in after just ONE oncoming LED vehicle I have much trouble focusing my eyes back on the road. Especially on darker back roads which I travel to work on in the early morning and also have trouble focusing at work.

August 3, 2024 – Riverside, CA – Other
Retinal retention where bright lights blind and the retina holds the image August 3, 2024 – Greenville, SC – None
Because of super bright LED lights, I can no longer drive at night. My eyes are very sensitive to that horrible brightness and I had to change my life around this problem. I had to look for a job where my schedule is not ending at night. How can this be allowed? All of you know that this is wrong. WHY?
August 3, 2024 – Onsted, MI – Astigmatism
Led headlights (low beams) , white led running lights, LED brake lights, emergency flashing Led lights and Led streetlights have adversely affected my ability to drive safely. I do not drive at dusk or Night anymore unless I have to ( for work). I live in Michigan with snow covered roads and the most dangerous aspect of driving is being blasted by someone’s Led headlights. I cannot use my read view or side mirrors anymore because of the vehicles behind me blinding my visions with their Led headlights. I have to constantly shield my eyes to be able to see the road due to oncoming Led headlights. I love nature and now my ability to enjoy the Night skies is ruined because of bright Led lights on at night. I never had any problems driving at night prior to Led headlights. Now driving has become a nightmare and a very dangerous task. Led headlights should be banned or at least some type of regulation regarding luminance and Kelvin temperature. Many Led low beams are much brighter than halogen highbeams. In addition to the dangers of led headlights being dangerous, they cause me headaches and eye pain. It’s common knowledge that blue light is detrimental to the health of humans and don’t understand why this type of lighting is being used in the public.

August 3, 2024 – Portland, OR – Other
A few years ago I was driving on Hwy. 211 in Oregon near Molalla at night when I encountered a pickup truck with LED (BLINDING!) lights headed toward me. The glare caused me to be blinded to my lane from the oncoming LED lights, and there was a deer I did not see until after the pick up truck passed. That was too late. Although I was not hurt, the deer could have crashed thru my windshield; I have seen this before. My car was “totaled”.

August 3, 2024 – Fountain Hills, AZ – None
Apparently the plan to get drivers off the road is working with the BLINDING LED vehicle headlights. The police LED flashing lights are SUPER BLINDING.

August 3, 2024 – Canaan, NY – Astigmatism
The LED headlights are a hazard.I’m still fairly young and have had to give up driving at night completely due to how unsafe it is getting blinded by them and not seeing the road for several seconds afterwards. I, like millions of others, have astigmatism in one eye, but I also have had migraines triggered by these lights, even during daytime driving from drivers with headlights on! 53 of 76

My optometrist and doctor’s office staff have stated that many other patients report similar issues. The internet is full of forums with people complaining about these lights, and their accounts are very similar – if not even worse – than mine. It’s astonishing and reckless that these lights are being inflicted on the driving public!
August 3, 2024 – Bellevue, WA – None
Interestingly, I believe this is also an issue for people with very good vision and not wearing glasses like me. The lights can focus very well onto my retina and make me uncomfortable looking forward at night, but how can people safely drive cars without looking at where the car is going? Due to the strong headlights in new cars, I simply avoid driving cars at night now.

I live in Greater Seattle Area where it’s mostly cloudy over the year, and the sun sets very early in winter. Some of these LED headlights are so bright, it’s even a pain for me driving around noon during day time. As a paradox, Daytime Running Lights should promote road safety, but they do act as a safety hazard on some cars now. This video should demonstrate my point well:
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s4Ws0__yiXg)
Thanks.

August 3, 2024 – Rochester, NY – Astigmatism
LED lights have caused a multitude of problems for me since there general use. I’m blinded by LED headlights making it impossible to see after they have passed. LED lights in and on public buildings have resulted in headaches and migraines. LED streetlights makes driving difficult as it does not give diffuse light pole to pole. LED streetlights in a snowstorm create a dazzling reflection making orientation of the road impossible. LED strobes on emergency vehicles, construction vehicles and personal vehicles have induced seizure type symptoms. Driving at night and being exposed to LEDs cause sleeplessness
August 3, 2024 – Acton, MA – Sjogeren’s
Having Sjogren’s makes it extremely difficult to see with oncoming cars with unregulated LED headlights. They make it impossible to maintain any degree of driver safety. I must focus on the right edge of the road to be certain there are no pedestrians walking on the side of roads in the suburbs and country. Leaving the left side of my car exposed to the driving skills of the offending driver, which does not follow the defensive driving skills I was taught and use whenever I am in the driver’s seat.

The other issue I encounter are the extremely bright blue LED lights on police cars when I approach the scene of an accident or when they pull are car over for a driving incident. Even when driving at 2-5 miles a hour to be cautious not to hit anyone I cannot see what’s in front of me. Their blue lights put me at risk of hitting a pedestrian even when driving at 2-5 mph.

Why should my passengers and my safety be put at risk because of unregulated LED lights? If it has not already happened, this will lead to many lawsuits with the automotive manufacturers throwing the weight of their legal teams defending themselves when the regulation of LEDs would have prevented the injuries and loss of life.
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August 3, 2024 – Chicago, IL – Photophobia
EVERY DAY BLINDED AND SEE SPOTS VISION IS DECLINING EVEN IN DAYTIME!!!! August 3, 2024 – Austin, TX – Other
I have early cataracts. The LED headlights blind me, whereas halogen lights do not impair my vision at all. At a minimum adaptive driving beams should be required in the US like they have been used in Europe since 2012.

August 3, 2024 – Fresno, CA – Astigmatism
Why do we have dimmer switches on our cars’ headlights if intensity doesn’t matter? As a person with astigmatism I just had a conversation about these lights at my ophthalmologist’s office as several of the office staff were nearby and joined in. All agreed these lights are so blinding, especially to those with astigmatism, and it creates a driving hazard. We all opined that they need to be regulated because they said they see problems with them across the board with their patients and in their own lives.

I’m also very photosensitive and have to look away from those oncoming lights to not be blinded by them. Should you really have to take your eyes off the road to drive? Does that make any sense?
Again, why do we have dimmer switches on our cars headlights if intensity doesn’t matter? August 3, 2024 – Hamilton, MA – Astigmatism
Like myself, millions of Americans have astigmatism that makes it difficult to drive at night.

LED lights from oncoming cars, esp on 2 lane country roads, make it almost impossible to navigate safely when coming home from work in the winter. I have almost driven my car into a lake after being momentarily blinded by this kind of headlight. While good for the driver who has them, they are DANGEROUS for everyone else using the roads at night. Thank you.

August 3, 2024 – Fort Collins, CO – Other
At 74 and having cataract replaced and it is nearly impossible to drive safely with the blinding blue white glaring LED lights. It is so distracting and frustrating I loose my concentration to drive properly. The lights seem to bounce up and down with a blinding flashing impact. Even police vehicles red and blue flashing on the side of the road are so blinding it is difficult and unsafe to go around them. I can’t see what is in front of me. The contrast from dark to blinding flashing lights is too much to see what’s in front of me.

August 3, 2024 – Chicago, IL – Astigmatism
Bright LEDs make it hard to drive at night. It’s blinding and unsafe for me and the public.

Sometimes sunglasses help but I shouldn’t wear those at night August 3, 2024 – Hinsdale, NH – Photophobia
I absolutely can’t look straight ahead and watch the road when an oncoming car with LED light comes toward me. I actually turn my head to the right a bit so as to not get blindness. If I do look at them, I see dark spot in my vision, just like a dark shadow that blocks the road. I also get 55 of 76

migraines and have come home from driving at night very upset because I realize my migraine is most like due to the bright lights. I have to limit my driving at night unless it is necessary. It is a danger to me and others to be on the road at night. Please help with this scary situation.

August 3, 2024 – Yonkers, NY – Migraine
Headlight blind me. I cannot go out at night even for dinner with friends without being blinded and triggering migraines. I have better than 20/20 vision and these newer headlight blind like like the older ones never did. They really limit my quality of life. I went out for dinner with friends in the evening in July and was so blinded on the way home that I barely got home. I got a severe migraine lasting several days.

August 3, 2024 – Glenville, GA – Migraine
They make me have stroke symptoms every time I am near an LED light of any kind August 2, 2024 – Portland, OR – Photophobia
I am 40 years old, and I cannot see at night when faced with LED headlights (can see fine when they are not present). I have been told by 4 eye doctors that there is nothing wrong with my eyes and I have no condition to warrant a diagnosable handicap. Because I cannot see at night, ESPECIALLY in the rain (here in Oregon we get 9 months of rain per year), I am forced to get rides from others or not drive at all at night. This significantly impacts my job opportunities and my income potential. I am incredibly stressed out because of this and do not understand why no government agencies are taking action on this problem. I plan to pursue further lobbying activities or and/or legal action.

August 1, 2024 – Mangonui, New Zealand – Migraine
After accidentally (I have to avoid exposure to the direct beam of the LED) viewing a small but powerful security light for less than a second, I had to violently throw up for up to two minutes at which point I lost consciousness and fell to the concrete floor and hit my head. I woke in a pool of blood and further vomit. The security light has been turned off so I am safer in my home but unable to go anywhere with LEDs safely. I am now registered disabled and struggling to maintain my work which now has to take place at home. I have had several severe episodes where they have caused me to have seizures that can take months to recover from. I now experience up to 3 led induced migraines as opposed to once every three months prior to the roll out of LEDs. If I look briefly look directly at an LED it damages my vision and I am left with spots in my vision for hours to days. If spending time in spaces lit by LED I can find it hard to think clearly, I am unable to speak clearly and cant remember words. this also happens when I have a migraine with aura set off by a strong LED. My life has changed in every way imaginable since they where rolled out in my location around January 2021.

August 1, 2024 – London, United Kingdom – Other
Council lawnmower with flashing LED lights drove past me while I was walking along the road.

I felt immediate severe head pain, nausea and discoordinated, and fell into the roadside ditch.

I then vomited, climbed out with blurred vision and pounding head.

July, 2024
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July 30, 2024 – Federal Way, WA – Other
LEDs cause me so many neurological symptoms brain fog, anxiety, depression, OCD, headaches, ghosting (ex. When looking at led tail lights and looking away I see them but it’s a ghost appearance that’s green) , lose my place when talking, visual accomdation spasm trigger, disconnect feeling, nausea. It’s been a nightmare with LED lights. Some are worse than others.. especially ones using PWM as their brightness control which induces flickering. Car headlights are the WORST. I can see the flicker of most led headlights it’s very uncomfortable.

July 24, 2024 – Blandon, PA – Other
I had an LED come downhill at me with high beams on while I was driving. Despite having light blocking glasses on, and being in my car behind my windshield, I still managed to suffer a temporary vision injury. For several minutes following the car passing me, I had a GIANT hallucination of an oval of light, with regular sight in the dead center, in both eyes. It was my first time experiencing this, and after the second minute I had begun to think it may be permanent. The experience was terrifying, I was over an hour from home, and so emotionally distraught on top of the vision impairment that it was difficult to maintain stable driving.

July 17, 2024 – Sacramento, CA – Autism
I was driving on the freeway in the slow lane, when a tow truck in the fast lane ahead of me suddenly turned on LED strobe lights on the top of his struck. It felt like a lighting bolt when through my body. I instantly closed both eyes and felt like I should drive off the bridge.

July 16, 2024 – Albuquerque, NM – Migraine
When I am too close to these white LEDs, I tend to get a large, massive migraine and then I start to lose control of my senses. I become extremely quiet and my friend that I stay with has been noticing that I would act strange and also tend to get a little violent with him. Again, I have NO control of my senses when I am TOO CLOSE to these bright lights! I end up basically not remembering anything and my friend is telling me like, “why were you acting like that??” And I first did NOT know what was causing the problem, until I figured out that when I am REALLY CLOSE to these white LEDs, I tend to start getting that migraine and then lose complete control of my body! I currently am staying with my friend and where he lives, the city is refusing to take matters of these issues that SOME of the residents are experiencing SIMILAR symptoms. My friend who is Autistic will get really painful migraines! And he’ll take WAY TOO many painkillers to try and stop his headaches. Before the city of Albuquerque changed their streetlights to white LEDs, my friend and I have had NONE of these issues. After a few months of these leds being installed in the city, Me and my friend had started to get these strange symptoms and they have only gotten worse! I’ve personally contacted the state and city’s legislature and administration regarding this problem. BUT they don’t want to do anything about the problem! My friend has contacted the whole state PLENTY of times explaining that this is extremely dangerous, but again, they do NOT want to do anything about it! I’m hoping that somehow, we can make Albuquerque replace their led white lights to a softer light like, 2200k HID LEDs and also MAYBE some LED VAPOR lights! I hope you can help force Albuquerque to do this!

July 15, 2024 – Albuquerque, NM – Autism
I am Autistic and have a sensitivity issue with BRIGHT LIGHTS. My city has changed their 57 of 76

streetlights to LED 3000k and 4000k lights from streets to parking lots. Ever since these lights were installed, I have been getting constant migraines and large headaches multiple times a month. My city is REFUSING to do ANYTHING to bring back ANY form of AMBER streetlights. I’ve contacted the city AND state A LOT! And they won’t do anything. I’ve even tried contacting the DOT of the state and he won’t even be much help. My city continues to IGNORE my concern and also continues to install these WHITE LEDs. I’ve tried EVERTHING I could to help my city but they won’t do ANYTHING. I hope I can FIND a way to FORCE my city to bring back these AMBER AND VAPOR streetlights back! My city had installed these lights back in 2019 and I’ve done EVERYTHING I could to try and make the city understand that these lights are TOO BRIGHT, and I CANNOT continue much longer going to bed every night and waking up every day with a LARGE MIGRAINE that causes me to even become DIZZY at times! I hope you can help me fight this issue in my city and FORCE my city to bring back AMBER AND VAPOR streetlights! Thank you for reading this! July 9, 2024 – Woodland, California – Autism
A fire truck came down the street with LED strobe lights. The strobe lights caused me to suffer psychological trauma which lasts for hours after the incident.

July 9, 2024 – Mangonui, New Zealand – Migraine
While traveling in the passenger seat along the state highway felt sudden thunderclap pain to the left occiput passing three flashing LED lights on three diggers repairing the road. My left eye began to stream, my speech became slurred, then dysaesthesia to the left side of my face and arm occurred. I felt as though I had a concussion. The symptoms of this hemiplegic migraine event resolved gradually over a three day period.

June, 2024
June 29, 2024 – Hillsboro, OR – Other
My partner and I are blinded by LED headlights that drive behind us these days. It is getting worse. WE ABSOLUTLY HATE IT!!! It’s unsafe and poses a safety hazard. LED Headlights are basically high beams. At least “high beams” have regulations on when they can be safely used.

June 21, 2024 – USA – Autism
An individual contacted the Soft Lights Foundation to report thoughts of suicide due to repeated exposure to blue-rich LED lights such as vehicle headlights. The neighbors called the police who came out for a welfare check. The police stated that only the city council could do something about the LED lights.

June 14, 2024 – Havre, MT – Other
The Bureau of Reclamation, a federal agency, is conducting a three-to four year construction project near our home. They are using high-intensity LED lights on the site. Our home is over one-half mile away from the site and 100 feet higher in elevation but the construction lights are projecting into our home, lighting it up from end to the other, and have been doing so since the summer of 2023. We have been asking them to modify their lights since August of 2023. When I started having daily migraines in December of 2023, we started blocking some of our windows 58 of 76

with cardboard, but the damage turned out to be far worse. A few months ago, my husband was diagnosed with a sudden and drastic change of vision in one eye which alarmed his ophthalmologist, who was unable to find any physical reason for the loss of vision.

June 12, 2024 – San Tan Valley, AZ – Migraine
It literally feels like it is burning my retinas. I no longer feel safe driving at night. It’s not safe for me or others. I don’t know what to do. I feel like I’m going crazy.

June 12, 2024 – Tampa, FL – None
I recently visited a local establishment for lunch and every single one of their lights had 5000k (maybe even higher) bulbs in their fixtures. The color wasn’t the only problem, but they clearly used some cheap bulbs with a very low CRI and a terrible flicker rate.

I’m normally not *that* sensitive to bad lighting, but this place in particular immediately triggered a full migraine and a feeling I can only describe as nauseating. I looked up pics on Google maps and years ago this place had nice warm lighting and used Edison style incandescents. Makes sense that I had no ill effects the last time I was there.

June 8, 2024 – Brantford, ON, Canada – Photophobia
I am blinded by LED headlights while driving. This is extremely unsafe. LED headlights should be banned.

June 5, 2024 – Escondido, CA – None
As I walked into my local Costco, I was assaulted by an LED demonstration light. Immediately I got a headache and my vision turned blurry. Even after getting past the light, the effects lingered.

As I walked down the first aisle, another demonstration light hit me, with the same result. I spent the rest of my time shopping under duress. I spoke with Jose H., the membership manager, and explained how dangerous those lights are, especially to people with neurological sensitivities, that they can cause seizures and worse, and requested that they be turned off. He said he couldn’t do anything. He would have to confer with the corporate office.

June 5, 2024 – Doylestown, PA – None
The LED lights are like Searing Laser High Intensity Lights that BLIND the drivers visibility and harm my eyes with pain and headaches. There is no avoiding them, I find I have to shield my eyes anytime one of the LED vehicles come toward me on the road. It is Impossible at night to drive and extremely difficult during the day I suggest going back to a softer headlight and putting an AMBER shield on vehicles that have LED lights to soften and stop the blinding that they cause or best go back to the softer traditional lights. It is IMPOSSIBLE to drive at night and will eventually lead to burned out retinas and macular degeneration with this constant blazing brightness directly in the drivers eyes.

June 4, 2024 – Petrolia, CA – None
At night when an oncoming car or especially truck has LED bright lights, I stop right where I am. I can’t see to move forward lest I drive into the oncoming vehicle or drive off the road, hit a tree or down a hillside. This happens frequently in the rural areas. In town, I cannot see pedestrians or even signal lights when the headlghts are aimed at me. It makes all the other 59 of 76

features like crosswalks and parked vehicles disappear. Certain headlights are a danger and I’m glad I haven’t had an accident from being blinded by them.

June 4, 2024 – Cumberland, MD – Migraine
I have spent many hours trying to block the harsh alien light that floods our house since the LED streetlight has been installed in front of our house. It is summer now with leaves on trees. The light will be even more intense and be on for longer times in the winter. When I step onto my porch in the evening I am blinded by the LED streetlight and it is difficult to leave the porch without the risk of tripping on steps. I no longer take evening strolls because of the blinding glare on our streets. When I do walk at night, I get red spots in my vision and suffer headaches. I have had several panic attacks while trying to sleep. I feel that these have been triggered primarily by the oppressive feeling that my home and home life has been severely impacted and there is nothing I can do about it.

June 3, 2024 – Oakland, CA – Other
blinded by oncoming headlights and totaled my car (1-17-2024) June 1, 2024 – Fairfield, CA – Autism
During the day, I was driving a vehicle on a freeway when I struck by an LED flashing light from a bicycle on a parallel road. I reactively closed my eyes and then suffered a seizure reaction, which I would describe as like an electrical shock and loss of cognitive functioning and vision. I then had to emotionally fight off a panic attack.

May, 2024
May 31, 2024 – Logan, UT – None
Our city has a ‘suggested’ policy of dark sky compliance where often they will cheap out violating EISs for various road projects. I successfully had a ‘cobra’ style HPS light typically used at interstate interchanges removed from near my home due to light pollution. Now on the street the rest are being phased out for Dark Sky Compliant (DSC) LED lights and it is a wonderful change. The light is diffuse, lights up the sidewalks, and has minimal spill onto homes or the street. A new hotel has been built across the street from us and the owner incorporated Dark Sky Compliant LED lights in the parking lot and surrounding and it is only slightly more bright at night than before, and it is safe for the hotel guests. I’d recommend making formal comments to Beaverton City to mandate future construction to be DSC and incentivize retrofits to meet DSC. Glaring lights are only slightly less annoying to me than sound pollution, but I’ve worked with our city to address both.

May 30, 2024 – Jaffrey, NH – None
Being the director of a public library which offers evening hours, I regularly need to drive the 1/2 commute home in the dark. I also help care for my 93 year-old father, which again requires night driving. I am not elderly, do not wear glasses, and just passed the vision portion of my driver’s license renewal. I have no health issues that would make night driving difficult.

The new LED headlights have made night driving extremely dangerous for me and by extension, anyone else I encounter on the road. I am literally blinded by the headlight intensity of both the 60 of 76

oncoming traffic and the cars behind me if they have LED headlights. I studiously attempt to not look at the oncoming cars with LEDs, which means I don’t have full visual scope, but as I live in a rural area, cars can come from around corners or over hills before I know where exactly to focus my eyes to avoid direct contact; thus I am constantly dazzled. If I accidentally have even a momentary direct eyeline contact with LED headlights, I have a blinding afterimage that lasts for several hundred yards. There are no shoulders on the rural highways I travel, so I cannot pull over until my blindness passes (and I would have difficulty seeing the shoulder after exposure anyway). If a car behind me has LED headlights, the glare in my rearview and side mirrors can interfere so badly with my ability to see that I sometimes have to turn all the mirrors away so that the glare is targeted elsewhere–very dangerous, if not illegal. The LED light from the car behind me is so intense, I could easily read a book if stationary. I have begun wearing special yellow glare-reducing glasses to drive at night, but as they reduce and darken my overall vision, this is risky.

I cannot cease driving at night if I wish to remain employed. I cannot cease driving at night if my father is to continue to receive my care. I don’t wish to cease driving at night and limit my ability to freely live my life simply because all new cars have ridiculously blinding headlights. The invention of LED headlights has created a real problem in my life, and the danger of an accident is real. There doesn’t even seem to be a justification for their widespread use, which is additionally maddening.

I have limited my comments to the issue of safety re LED headlights. In other areas, I also find LED light has reduced my quality of life (I can no longer see the night sky due to neighbor outdoor LEDs, etc.) and am outraged that I am given no choice in the matter of home lighting.

For decades, I have line dried all my laundry in an effort to energy-offset my continued use of incandescent lightbulbs. Now it is illegal to sell incandescent lightbulbs and I am consigned to having to spend every night hour of the rest of my life illuminated by light that feels like nails on a chalkboard to me. That rant can wait for another day.

Please take complaints regarding LED headlights seriously. They are TOO BRIGHT. How many accidents will need to happen before this is addressed? I know I feel like an accident waiting to happen unless I cease driving altogether, which is not an option and shouldn’t have to be.

Thank you.
5/30/2024 – Brighton, England – Migraine
My life has been devastated by LED lights. I am severely triggered by LED lighting, especially car headlights. I experience extreme migraine for up to 2-3 days after looking at a car headlight or a LED strip light, depending on duration of exposure. LED panels in shops, buildings and street lights make me very ill also.

I can be vomiting for 6 hrs or more after exposure and have severe head pain, weakness and complete disability. Consequently I am now pretty much housebound and excluded from all social activities, travel and work. I have tried all the blue light blocking glasses but it is the FLICKER that is the trigger. In the same way strobe lighting affects people with epilepsy. 61 of 76

It is totally unacceptable that so many peoples lives have now been pretty much ruined by ubiquitous LED lighting.
5/28/2024 – Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia – Photophobia
Instant trigger of chronic migraines. Can’t even function at all. 5/28/2024 – West Springfield, MA – Other
Driving home at night from visiting my daughter and grandkids, my partner and I who are in our late sixties were constantly bombarded by LED lights. He was behind the wheel while we both kept aware for the usual zig-zagging speeders and with warm weather, motorcycles ( why aren’t they required to have a red light or reflector on the back of their helmets?).

It’s like running the gauntlet having white/ blue blasts of light dazzle you from opposing traffic.

Even on highways with wide median strips you never know when you will be temporarily blinded!
There is construction everywhere, lane shifts, narrow temporary lanes with rough pavement and confusing signs and then those lights, sometimes from packs of cars all with LEDs hitting your eyes. Trucks or SUVs behind you and your rear and sideview mirrors are useless! You have to fiddle around, while driving to tilt the side mirrors or literally drive with a hand up blocking your rear view. This affects all ages but is particularly bad for seniors! Older eyes have slower dilation response to glare. In a way it’s age discrimination as older people will have to think twice about whether they can go out at night!

We have laws prohibiting people from shining laser lights into the sky as it can blind pilots in airplanes. This is the same thing. We worry about folks distracted by their phones or impaired by alcohol, but no one thought about super bright lights glaring in your eyes!

This impacts my life. It’s dangerous! They should be recalled immediately. Like other car malfunctions manufacturers should change out the lights or put a filter on them. Let’s do this now, not in 10 years or so. Switch back to halogen for the safety of all drivers. 5/28/2024 – Winsted, CT – Other
Dangerous driving conditions at night on my way home from work!! I have to literally close my eyes as ridiculously bright LED headlights blind me while passing in the other lane. This is so dangerous and damaging!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! How can this not be being addressed. I have almost crashed multiple times. I feel my eye sight is being damaged from these lights and getting worse.

Please help up.
5/28/2024 – Bangor, Northern Ireland – None
I see that because the Prime Minister has declared there will be an election in the UK, the petition for the issue to be debated has been declared null & void…… Raging ! The reflector size of dipped headlights gets ever smaller, increasing the intensity of dipped headlights – a triumph of style over function !
5/27/2024 – Avondale, PA – None
Unable to see the road, cars, or surrounding areas while driving when high beam LEDs are in 62 of 76

use. Lowering these LEDs to regular or low beam does no use. Even in low setting these LEDs are 10 times brighter than my vehicle’s regular incandescent lights and my eyes cannot adjust to account for dark adaptation to drive at night. Ban LEDs in vehicles or reduce them 75% to match other older model vehicles. Also – point them downwards so they light the roads instead of tree tops and telephone poles.
5/25/2024 – Portage, MI – Photophobia
Debilitating headaches, dizziness and seizure like response when exposed to LED lighting.

Increased sensitivity to any lighting type after prolonged exposure in LEDs. 5/18/2024 – Houston, TX – Photophobia
While visiting a friend I was exposed to LED from overhead light fixtures in the apartment, and the extreme LED of Samsung TV. Together, they suddenly triggered photophobia, migraine, & brain fog in me and I am not a TV watcher. Just walking into a room with LED TV and lightning or shopping in grocery and drugstores with All the LED now triggers my eyes with pain.

Shopping mall is out of the question for me. I have to wear very dark sunglasses and a cap with a bill. I Must have phone and other devices Very dark, And have limited screen time. I have to cover lamp shades with scarves. I’ve tried blue block glasses which don’t help at all. Obviously the LED has caused me to be much less social. It has also caused my eyes to twitch, and has made them have intermittent blurry vision.
5/18/2024 – Los Angeles, CA – None
LED lights make it dangerous to drive at night because my vision gets blocked while I’m driving a vehicle.
5/14/2024 – Sammamish, WA – Autism
I have largely avoided walking around my neighborhood at night for quite a while because of extremely bright LED headlights, except for viewing the aurora borealis on May 10, 2024, and I was horrified at the growing rate my neighbors are installing very bright LED light bulbs that far exceed 2700 Kelvin. I had to walk to darker parts of the neighborhood to avoid my view being ruined by the glare of LED lights. Even while walking around at 3 in the morning to view the aurora without seeing a single car with LED headlights, I was subjected to extremely intense blue-rich white light LED radiation from many homes along my usual route. I was honestly hoping the solar storm would knock our power out, which didn’t happen.

In addition, I witnessed many poorly shielded LED lights without any diffuser at many stations along the newly opened Line 2 Link Light Rail in the Seattle area and was horrified at how these LED lamps are a potential discriminatory barrier. We always talk about diversity and inclusion here in the Seattle area and making transit accessible and yet never consider the needs of those with autism or epilepsy. I’ve even noticed that many buses by King County Metro (and likely Sound Transit) are now being fitted with LED headlights.

Banning incandescent bulbs is a crime against humanity and an attack on nature itself. We need very strict national light pollution laws instead of doing this at the local level. Or better yet, unban incandescent bulbs and let the customer choose instead of the government doing it for us. 63 of 76

5/14/2024 – Cambridge, NY – Epilepsy
My daughter and I walked out to run an errand one afternoon. As we came around a building, there was an LED streetlamp, still on though it was daytime. I’d been completely fine a moment before, but the light struck me and I was instantly incapacitated by severe neurological symptoms, stumbling and shaking. I couldn’t walk, speak or see properly and my face and left arm went numb. We turned back immediately, and my daughter had to hold me upright so we could get away from the light as quickly as possible. We did not complete the errand. About a week later it happened again. This time i was alone, and my impression was that the street lamp snapped on as I got closer. This time there was no-one to catch me. I fell and couldn’t get back up again. I was nauseous, dizzy and disoriented, unable to see, my limbs uncontrollably hitting the ground. Eventually I crawled/dragged myself back home and remained ill for many hours. I felt humiliated on top of everything else. I do not know if anybody witnessed what happened.

Nobody came to help me and I could not call for help because I couldn’t speak. 5/14/2024 – Chicago, IL – Other
blinding me and seeing spots all day. extremely stressed when i have to drive!!!!! I hate these lights and cannot believe this is legal!!!!people don’t give a crap!!! 5/12/2024 – Hancock, WI
I almost hit a pedestrian on the side of the street because the car in oncoming traffic had blinding LEDs. I did not see the pedestrian until the oncoming car had passed. If the timing was just a little different, there would have been a terrible ending. I reported it to the nhtsa. They said the lights just seem brighter. (This was a few years back.) I used to love driving at night. Now I can’t handle the LEDs. This puts more traffic on the road during the day. Even when someone driving next to me has LEDs, I have to lift my hand to cover my side mirror from letting it blind me. 5/10/2024 – Yonkers, NY – Migraine
Led lights blind me in the road and flare up migraine. Have to stay home at night. Interfere with my life. Very dangerous.
5/9/2024 – Saint Paul, MN – Photophobia
My eyes have retinal injury and bright LED lights cause intense pain and discomfort. Overly bright LED’s impact my life in numerous ways. There is widespread illegal use of intense LED floodlights in my neighborhood, but the local law for legal use of LED floodlights is not enforced. LED streetlights seem designed to blind drivers, rather than illuminate streets. Streets are dimly lit, but streetlights are shine right into drivers eyes. Vehicles keep their headlights on day and night, and shine into sideview and rearview mirrors. This causes eye pain and discomfort.
5/6/2024 – Cleveland, OH – Autism
LED lights give off a poor quality light, pure and simple. With the cheapening of everything these days, proper fixtures are usually non-existent, i.e., there is rarely any diffusion in the form of a large shade or lens–just the raw diode. For those who have in-focus vision (as everyone strives for with corrective lenses and such), the intensity of viewing a high-powered and undiffused LED at any distance is always an unpleasant one. As it happens literally thousands of 64 of 76

times a day, our retinas get “etched” and degraded. This is not to say that an incandescent bulb can’t be painful, it’s just that in the days of incandescent bulbs we made proper fixtures.

For me, when I’m presented with an unexpected bright source of light, my eye naturally moves and centers it in my vision. There is something physiologically that makes it hard to look away instantly. It literally takes like a complete second to pull your eye away from it. However, the damage is already done. You stared directly into something that was of an infinitely higher magnitude of brightness in relation to its surroundings. THE EYE IS NOT BUILT FOR THIS.

These encounters cause a tense visceral reaction throughout the body. Considering that there are BRIGHT LED lights on just about every conceivable object these days, and it’s common for someone to have these negative encounters thousands of times in one day, and considering that the center of your vision is by far the most important throughout our lives, the collective pain and suffering is unimaginable.

There’s a certain obsession with safety that I believe our society has falsely bought into. For example, daytime running lights used to be a small halogen bulb, perhaps 10 watts. Now, there are cars with many layered stacks of raw LEDs with candela measurements far exceeding our proper range of vision. It is saying that that person’s car is the most important thing you ought to see down the road. Animals, pedestrians, everything else, doesn’t get to grab your attention.

Your vision system is so overloaded with the fact that “there’s that car,” that other possible visuals are much harder to see. Overall, the eye does not need that much light to see as long as the relative values are thoughtfully presented (as they used to be).

Nighttime is all but a faint memory as it is almost always ruined by the presence of stinging, streaking, damaging, high candella artificial lighting. We, as a species (and all species living in our vicinity) have lost a cherished and peaceful time; the hours of darkness that we once called, and still hypocritically call nighttime.

I don’t believe that our nation should have any real discussion about mental health until we face the reality that we’re degrading each other’s eyes, our most important sense, on a grand scale.

People are literally suffering and slowly dying from the continued assault on their eyes, and thus, their brains.
5/3/2024 – Amherst, NY – Photophobia
Discomfort, people and sleeping patterns, also disruptive for me from exercising early mornings or evenings with street lights over 2700k
5/1/2024 – San Leandro, CA – Astigmatism
I regularly walk home from work in the evenings, which in the colder months means walking down a dimly lit street. Having poor eyesight and balance, I’m always afraid that the blinding headlights of the cars zooming down the street will cause me to stumble off the sidewalk and into the path of an oncoming car. It certainly doesn’t help that some cars have headlights bright enough to leave afterimages in my vision, the last thing I’d want to deal with when walking at night.
65 of 76

April, 2024
4/30/2024 – Roseville, CA – Autism
I was standing in a room and another person’s cell phone buzzed with a message notification.

The iPhone also pulsed its LED camera flash, which struck me in the eyes. I fell to my knees, breathing hard, and trying to fight off a panic attack. 4/30/2024 – Auckland, New Zealand – Migraine
LEDs cause me to suffer hemiplegic migraines of three day duration. This has resulted in partial confinement to my home, exclusion from municipal life, partial loss of employment and deterioration of health. The migraine results in blurred vision, dysaesthesia to the left side of my face and left arm
with severe occipital pain. It has resulted in loss of consciousness on multiple occasions, one of which leading to a three part fracture to my right arm. 4/30/2024 – Swanage, England – Other
LEDs have been fitted as replacements for low pressure sodium street lights in the area where I live, which is within the Dorset Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and immediately adjacent to a National Nature Reserve. The CCT rating of the LEDs that have been installed here is 4000K, which results in an eerie blue-white light which I find most unpleasant. The glare from the new lights is excessive, to the extent that when I walk beneath them I have to look down at the pavement rather than looking forwards along the road, to keep the lights out of my field of view.

The light spill from these lights is excessive, resulting in the blue-white glare of the lights penetrating the windows of my house, which makes the interior of my home feel unwelcoming. I find that the light penetrating my home negatively affects my sleep quality, even though I have blackout blinds on my windows (the light still penetrates around the sides). This light intrusion was never a problem when the lights were low pressure sodium, as the orange glow was quite restful and not at all disturbing.

My view across the Nature Reserve at night is now compromised by the new LED street lights, which produce an incredible amount of sky glow. My home is just 400 metres from the coast, so there is often mist or fog in this area, and these LED street lights cause the whole area to light up as the light scatters in the mist. It is exceedingly unpleasant. One of the lights is 185 metres away from my house and is over ten metres below it, yet the street light casts a bright image of my window onto my bedroom wall. It is so bright it appears as if a car is parked on the hillside with its full-beam headlights directed straight at my house.

I have been so disturbed by these lights over the past two years that I believe my current condition of ophthalmic shingles (herpes zoster ophthalmicus) was triggered by them. I have been suffering photophobia, nerve pain, a facial rash with blistering and acute inflammation of one eye because of this condition, which has resulted in the hopefully temporary loss of useful sight in that eye. Since I am otherwise fit and healthy and have had no other stress to cause this condition to appear, I firmly believe that it is a direct consequence of the installation of LED lighting outside my home.
4/29/2024 – Irvine, CA – Photophobia
I have photophobia and photosensitivity due to multiple autoimmune conditions, and my life has changed significantly for the worse with the introduction of intense blue-white LED car 66 of 76

headlights and the (ongoing) replacement of a large (about 16000) number of HPS lamps with LED fixtures (at correlated color temperatures of 3000 K and 4000 K) in my city (Irvine, CA).

Street lights:

Bright exposed LED street lights of any color, but particularly those above 2700 K, pose a health risk and serious disability barrier for me. Being sharp and pointed sources of high glare and discomfort, they can exacerbate my dry eye symptoms (I have Sjögren’s syndrome) and the likelihood of an autoimmune flare-up. As a SLE (lupus) sufferer, I need to keep my daytime exposure to sunlight limited. It used to be that nights were my go-to option for long strolls, a drive to the grocery or restaurant, or a chance to bask in moonlight or stars at night—something that the gentler glow of shielded HPS lamps afforded. Over the past decade or so, and particularly in 2024, most of these basic human comforts have been taken away from me. I have pleaded with city officials to undo the damage and the discriminatory barrier that street lights cause me, and despite their efforts to mitigate a small portion of the damage (I have met with a very modest degree of success) via glare shields in my immediate neighborhood, the city at night is becoming a cheap, vicious display of human sensibilities and human compassion gone awry.

Headlights:

Vehicle headlights with blue-white LED lights piercing into one’s eyes from oncoming traffic are the stuff of nightmares—poorly-angled, egregious beam patterns pretending to be “safety features.” Even five minutes’ exposure to this type of rampant glare while I drive or sit in a passenger’s seat is sufficient to bring on severe eye pain and vision disturbances, headaches that last days, and emotional distress. It is appalling that those objecting to these ill-conceived and risky fixtures are not taken more seriously.

Light pollution is a menace not just to humans but also to wildlife and foliage that suffer without shutters. Researching, designing, and implementing options that are conducive to safety and easy on the eyes must be high on the agenda, an urgent societal cause. “So benumbed are we nowadays by electric lights that we have become utterly insensitive to the evils of excessive illumination”
― Jun’ichirō Tanizaki, In Praise of Shadows
This evil is eradicable; let’s do what it takes.
4/28/2024 – Algonguin, IL – Photophobia
I can’t go out at night anymore due to the plague that is LED light pollution. It brought me solace. I can’t walk my dog or enjoy it at all anymore. I don’t see wildlife at night anymore. I love nature and it’s harder to appreciate now. I used to love driving but I can’t without immediate extreme dizziness and migraine. I can’t look outside at all when the sun starts to set.

The building I work at has hideously bright LEDs that make me ill on a daily basis. I’m always squinting and adverting my eyes. ALWAYS. It took many aspects and simple pleasures of my life away and I miss them dearly. Please do something about this! I want my life back! 4/28/2024 – Los Gatos, CA – Astigmatism
With the increase in use of LEDs in car headlights in addition to cars raised too high (or their 67 of 76

headlights tilted too high), driving on the roads at night is an incredible hazard. I commonly find myself unable to ascertain details of what’s going on behind me with traffic and the position of other objects/cars when faced with these blinding lights. I have to get creative to even be able to see, and still face blind spots due to these stupidly bright lights. It makes driving dangerous and I can’t believe LED lights in headlights didn’t get banned years ago.

Every day the government allows this is increasing the likelihood of accidents, health issues from staring at these lights and just a generally worse quality of life. 4/28/2024 – Amesbury, MA – None
I am blinded by these headlights, streetlights, floodlights morning and night every day. These lights are a hazard on the road and unnecessarily bright and incorrectly dispersed. This is a danger to everyone and regulations need to occur swiftly 4/28/2024 – Ottawa, Canada – Migraine
I am very sensitive to many things, including light and sound. I loved to walk a lot at night when the lights used Halide orange/pink lights. Now that the city has been switching out the Halide lights with super bright LED white street lights my walks are much less enjoyable. It feels like I’m walking around in the day time. I don’t understand this obsession people have with lighting the world up like a giant football stadium. It’s not necessary, it’s not pleasant, it messes with your circadian rhythm. In my case, it can cause headaches and light fatigue. It also hurts our environment. Birds, animals and insects cannot follow their natural rhythms because their environment is so bright at night now. Also, while driving, I’m blinded by headlights that use these horrendous white LEDs. I hope there is an invention of filters for the lights that are currently on vehicles and that it is enforced to add the filters to the headlights. A return to a golden soft colour would be preferable. As well as adding golden/orange filters to street lights and/or a different design that mimics old styles and colours of street lights. I really hope the government begins to regulate this. It’s dangerous for the environment, people’s health and eyes as well as creating an ugly world to look upon.
4/28/2024 – Milwaukee, WI – None
I am blinded by the brightness of the LED lights not only at night, but during the daytime. Even from a car behind me glaring in mirrors during daylight. Making it dangerous for me to drive.

My eyes cannot adjust due to the brightness. I’ve swerved off the side of the road. Had to pull over. Which is not always possible when there’s traffic behind you and traffic coming at you.

This is a problem. There should be a limit on the brightness of the LED. This is such an easy thing to fix, but for some reason nothing gets done.
4/28/2024 – Onsted, MI – Astigmatism
I get eye pain and headaches by being exposed to 4500K or higher led lights Whether I am driving at night or during a sunny day I am constantly shielding my eyes from led low beam headlights, running lights and brake lights. I have to adjust my side and rear view mirrors so I cannot use them to see properly to avoid being dazzled by led lights. If streetlights are on during the day and night I put my sun visors down because the leds are too bright. I drive over 1000 miles a week for my job. I dread cloudy, rainy days, dusk and night driving because of led lights. It’s like torture to my senses. I am constantly blinded at night and have been during 68 of 76

the day as well because of led headlights. If I am walking in a parking lot on a cloudy day I have to shield my eyes because led running lights are too bright. I have asked my neighbors to shield their outdoor lights or use softer 2700K led and it has caused me civil lawsuits and many legal problems do to this simple request. I have to wear dark sunglasses inside of places that have led lighting. I never had eye pain or headaches prior to led lights. LED headlights are the most dangerous aspect of driving by far. These lights have ruined normal day and nighttime activity for me were they are present.
4/28/2024 – Marshfield, WI – Astigmatism
LED headlights are blinding to the point where I have almost hit deer and other vehicles because I cannot see when the LED lights are coming at me
4/28/2024 – Lancaster, PA – Migraine
I am a migraine suffer, and my trigger is photosensitivity, especially from intense bright lights.

For the last several years auto makers have installed LED headlights and the color temperature they have chosen to use is blinding for oncoming drivers. There truly is no need for the adaptive or “moving part” of the headlight if ya warmer color temperature is programmed into the LED headlight. The extremely intense and blinding colder “blue” white light emitted from LED headlights just feet away is MORE dangerous than looking up at the sun. If focused intense cold bright white light is not dangerous why do welders use masks? It is literally the same reason and effect these OEM LED headlights have on oncoming drivers. How many people need to die before LED headlights are given a warmer light temperature? It is really not that hard. The technology already exists. Just look at the average teenager and how they use LED lights in their bedrooms. They have a small remote and they can change the color and or color temperature of the lights at their will. Thank you for your time.
4/28/2024 – Webster, MA – Other
Large pick up trucks as well as SUVs and other cars especially in MA., were it seems that tailgating is legal, get behind you and blind you from behind making it very difficult to see ahead of you. Same situation with vehicles approaching from the opposite direction. 4/28/2024 – Hamilton, Canada – Migraine
LED headlights on numerous occasions have given such intense sharp pain in my eyes that induced migraines, forcing me to pull to the side of the road and vomit. Glare from LED headlights has blinded me on thousands of occasions. In some of those instances it has taken more than 5 seconds to regain my sight. LED headlights and taillights physically hurt my eyes when I’m in close proximity to them (I.e. stoplight) forcing me to physically block them with my hand. The glare, blindness, eye pain and migraines caused by LED headlights have been confirmed by my optometrist, Dr. Otto Lee. Among eye care professionals, LEDs are a known and documented problem in every age group. Driving at night for longer than 30 minutes has almost always resulted in me getting a migraine, which was never the case before LED headlights existed. As a result, I have to limit my nighttime driving to less than 15 minutes. This limits how much work I can do, or how much I can visit my family, especially in the winter months. I’ve had to restructure my life around LED lights. 69 of 76

4/28/2024 – Chicago, IL – None
Every single day day or night I am blinded over and over again even driving short distances, I get spots and yesterday my eye was in actual physical pain as 1 car was so dam bright like the eclipse!!!! I’m collecting evidence to sue. We all should sue every driver who damages our vision and the government for allowing this!!! you CANNOT drive anymore EVER. Our Country is lost.
4/28/2024- Baltimore, MD – None
I can’t for the life of me understand how this is even something I have to report.

Do none of these people drive at night or in inclement weather? Do none of them pass billboards?
I used to love driving at night, even prefer it in some cases, but the new street lights are terrible, especially the defective ones that turn purple and create such harsh lighting I literally can’t look at it.

And the LOW beams on the new cars are more blinding than some of the old high beams!!!! I’ve flashed my lights at other drivers to alert them they’re driving with high beams on and they flash back that it’s their low beams.

Not only does it “daze” my eyes so that I see spots and can’t see the road properly for a few seconds, but it also creates harsh lighting conditions that makes it hard to discern what’s hiding in the shadows behind objects like trees and street signs.

And the blue hue of these LEDs that’s being used is also not only harmful and exhausting on the eyes but colors things weirdly so it’s harder to tell what’s what.

The car I drive still has “older” (aka not blue or insanely bright) headlights, and I used to love renting cars for longer trips but now every car I rent has those headlights which makes it an unsafe environment to drive in, and in those vehicles I have other cars flashing their lights at me to alert me I’m driving with high beams when I’m not!!!! Which again, causes a “daze” and I see spots and my sight is not clear while I’m maneuvering roads at night.

This is clearly unsafe!!!
I’m in my 30s! I don’t have other eye problems and I shouldn’t sound like a crotchety old person when talking about driving at night! It’s absurd!
In addition to all that, I’ve recently experienced billboards that switched from canvas to LED and LED signs outside of businesses that are so insanely bright you can probably see them from space. It might be necessary during the day when the ambient light is brighter, but these things need light censors and to adjust to a dimmer display during the night time. Because when I drive by it’s like someone shining a flashlight in my eyes for a minute. It’s absolutely not safe!!!! I have a similar issue with the road crews that do construction on the highway at night. A bunch of those crews have these flood lights that are supposed to illuminate the area for them but they aim them in such a way that they blind the drivers too! Who’s “genius” idea was that!? Either the people making these things are blind as bats anyway or they just don’t care. 4/28/2024 – Fareham, United Kingdom – None
Comment on statement “DOE researched studies and other publications to ascertain any known impacts of LED lamps on human health and has not found any evidence concluding that LED lighting used for general lighting applications directly results in adverse health effects.”:
‘General lighting applications ‘ is not the same as directed beam applications & the FDA should recognise this situation in the case of headlights.
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4/27/2024 – Rodeo, CA – None
I drive a fairly small car. On the highway at night, I find the excessively bright LED headlamps are both disrupting and an impediment to driver safety. As cars approach from the rear on either side, their headlamps reflected in my side-view mirrors are often so dazzling that I have to hold my hand in front of the mirror to be able to safely see the road. Even with my rear-view mirror in the “night” position, the brilliance of these headlamps when behind me can be distracting and blinding.

When approaching from the opposite direction, especially on narrow roads, they present even greater threat to driver comfort and safety, often causing momentary blindness. The worst cases are often Tesla headlamps, but many newer SUVs and pickup truck headlamps exhibit similar characteristics and are very nearly as bad.

These headlamps are unnecessarily bright, producing an spectrum of light that is especially blinding. They often illuminate not only the road, but the overhead road signs and the interior of the cars ahead of them. These headlamps are both a nuisance and a hazard to other drivers. And, in recent years, it seems to be getting worse. The headlamp arms-race is rapidly getting out of control at the expense of driver safety. Car makers must be made to comply with existing headlamp regulations, and, in fact, those regulations must be amended to consider ever increasing lux levels, higher color temperatures, and broader and taller light-pattern spread. 4/27/2024 – Tuscon, AZ – None
LED headlights are having a negative impact on my driving continuously. I have good night vision, excellent reflexes, am generally quite alert at night. But I rarely drive at night because of the hazard of LED headlights. They blind me to the point where I cannot see the road AT ALL. I have very mild cataracts, and LED headlights totally make me see nothing but white. The only way I can navigate safely is to MEMORIZE the road ahead while I can still see it, and DRIVE TO THE RIGHT of the oncoming car. If it is a road I am not familiar with, I might not be willing to drive it at all. It is too easy to be surprised by an unexpected curve when I cannot see the road.

I drive prudently. I am not willing to put up with this hazard. So I do not drive at night if I can possibly help it, and this has an impact on my life, and my ability to get home safely if I end up having to stay someplace away from home longer than anticipated. People are going to do what they have to do to stay safe. The mere fact there are not more accidents is not proof that LED headlights are safe. It is only proof that people try to avoid hazards, and may not be driving at all during nighttime hours. And what kind of harm does a laser directly into the face do to the eyes any time of day? Unanswered question.
4/27/2024 – Izhevsk, Russia – Other
I cannot stand the LED headlights. It all started about 4 years ago when the amount of cars with LED headlights started to become noticeable. I understood at that time that I couldn’t look at these lights because my mind goes sick, mye eyes begin immediately to get irritated to a very considerable degree that it really hurts, my muscles are becoming stiff and I get nervous tics, that is involuntary rapid head movements. Moreover, I begin to feel some sort of panic attack. Back then the amount of cars with LED headlights in my area was around 12-16 percent and it was possible to get along. Since then, the situation only got worse. The amount of cars with very 71 of 76

blinding and extremely piercing LED headlights nears probably already 40 percent in may area and I gave up at all staring in the oncoming traffic direction because I just cannot do it any more.

Because of a neurological condition, I was not allowed to drive a car and now it seems that it’s even for the better. I cannot even imagine how people drive nowadays with this killer light. In my country we have day running headlights as a must so the headlights are on 24/7. While there is a sunny and clear weather I can somewhat go along the road facing the opposite direction, but with a gloomy weather, rainy weather, dusk, let alone nighttime I cannot physically do this. I have to avoid major roads going either along residential areas with much less traffic or going along a pavement that runs parallel to the incoming traffic, thus I somehow can move away my head and eyes and to see what is going on on the upcoming a lane ( a lane that is further away from the pavement). When using public transport I have to sit in that part of a bus/tram that has windows on the left right from the driver seat. so that I am spared to see the upcoming lanes with the upcoming traffic.

Thanks to all this, to a huge light pollution caused by LEDs and other numerous LED lights sources sprung up recently, I am almost confined at home during nighttime because I cannot stand this light. Only warm shielded LED in moderate quantities are more or less OK for me, but unshielded LEDs over 3000 K, bright LED shop signage, LED digital billboards and LED decorative building lighting makes me have fits of very severe panic attacks. I don’t feel these attacks at all with outdoor halogen headlights and sodium/incandescent/CFL lamps or warm (2700 K and less LEDs in moderate quantities). The indoor LED lighting has less negative impact on me, though too much white indoor LED light is also uncomfortable while the indoor white fluorescent light is quite OK for me.

I am asking the US regulatory agencies to give the answer why LED light can trigger severe panic attacks while other light sources are quite alright and even uncomfortable. I am sure that I am not alone.
4/27/2024 – Elk Grove, CA – Autism
The Ziosk portable kiosk payment system has a bright LED screen. During dinner at a Chilis restaurant, we placed the kiosk face down on the table to avoid exposure to the LED Visible Light radiation from the LED screen. At payment time, my partner inserted the credit card for processing. At the completion of the processing, a large white LED light on the side of the kiosk suddenly irradiated me with white LED Visible Light radiation.

Due to the intensity of the white light, everything around me became black, except for the overwhelming feeling of bright white light. I felt disconnected from reality and as if I had entered a nightmare dream. I believe that I was partially unconscious. As I began to recover consciousness, I thought that perhaps I was staring at the LED flash on a cell phone, but that this was much more powerful. Then, as I became more aware of my surroundings, I realized that that the white light was from a large, white LED from the side of the Ziosk device.

I felt nauseous, so I fell to my stomach and tried to vomit, but I only ended up coughing. I then felt overwhelming anxiety and panic and went to the kitchen, demanding accommodation. A staff person then began yelling at me. I ran outside screaming. I continued to try to vomit, but only spit came out. At some point, both of my hands went numb and tingly. 72 of 76

The police were called. I dialed 911 to tell them not to turn on their LED flashing lights, but they had the red and blue flashing lights on, which further debilitated me. 4/27/2024 – Coudersport, PA – None
I am beyond infuriated with the use of bright white LED lights, I’m beyond frustrated with the searing eye pain that LED lights procure, I am beyond infuriated with the intense migraines that I suffer from when dealing with bright white LED lights. I am beyond frustrated with the amount of pain that is brought upon me due to these LED lights. They are an unnecessary monstrosity that never should have been brought into public view! They are NOT beneficial in any way, shape, or form. In fact they are detrimental to society and the environment. 4/25/2024 – Horseheads, NY – Astigmatism
I have astigmatism, which is 30% of the population of ALL ages. LED headlights and all bright white LED lights give me a wicked headache all day that pain meds don’t touch. I rented a car recently with LED headlights & I had a huge headache from the headlights reflecting off of other surfaces. So I can’t even drive a car with LED headlights. Just in the past couple of weeks, I almost was in 3 accidents while being blinded by LED headlights. I have no problem with halogen headlights. My work commute is on a 2-lane road for an hour & I need to work to live. I can’t just stay home. What kind of life is that? So I have to put my hand up to block the headlights of the line of cars going the opposite way and look at the white line. One morning when it was raining thus more reflections, I was on a slight bend and looked up just in time to see an older SUV unsafely trying to pass a huge line of cars coming right at me in my lane. They were hurrying to get back over maybe 20 feet from the nose of my car. They had aftermarket LED headlights, so it was like two big floodlights that blinded me. The 2nd time was I was approaching a roundabout and pickup truck from the opposite side had blinding LED headlights.

I checked to make sure no one was coming from the left before I got there, but *poof* a car appeared out of no where and honked at me. They almost hit me. I was so distracted by being blinded by the LED headlights, I didn’t see them. And another time I was at a crosswalk and had been stopped for other pedestrians. But a car going the opposite direction had blinding LED headlights. I didn’t see the additional pedestrians until I was passing over the crosswalk. I had looked too. The pedestrian had thankfully stopped. They were partially blocked by my windshield frame too. Again, I never had these problems with halogens. LED headlights are dangerous! Explain to me how lights that are 800x brighter than halogens are not blinding other people. LED headlights are marginalizing almost 50% of the population…specifically people with disabilities that include astigmatism (30%), migraines (17% women & 6%), and seizures (4%). And we can’t forget age discrimination against seniors with cataracts. It also affects the circadian rhythm and eye health of both people and wildlife…all of them. That is why there are blue light filters on devices. Please do the right thing and ban bright white LED headlights and LED lights in general.
4/24/2024 – Mantua, NJ – None
Multiple incidents. I had to cancel 2 gym memberships because of bright LED lighting they installed, and theres no gym within a workable distance that doesn’t have this insane lighting. Ive cobbled together used gym equipment at home for more money than I could afford.

I cant work without special tinted glasses, or I get migraine symptoms within minutes. Even with 73 of 76

this protection there are places I cant stand and directions I cant look because some of the LED fixtures are simply too intense and instantly painful.

I can no longer go to the local grocery store under any circumstances, its too bright, and the list of places I cant go is growing as businesses install this harsh intense LED lighting.

Shop Rite, Five Below, Giant Fitness, Planet Fitness, Pantry One, T Mobile- these are some of the places I simply cant enter with any level of protection short of a complete blackout blindfold. 4/23/2024 – Dallas, TX – None
Makes me blind and hard to see road. Especially oncoming traffic when the lights are elevated higher than me.
4/23/2024 – Sammamish, WA – Autism
I’m a lifelong resident of the Seattle area, and I was diagnosed with Asperger syndrome in early childhood. Additionally, I have been diagnosed with depression, adjustment disorder, anxiety, attention deficit disorder (ADD), and I suspect that I might also have undiagnosed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

My biggest concern, especially in the last couple of years, is the dangerously bright light- emitting diode (LED) headlights that have been proliferating on our roadways at a disturbing rate since the early 2020s. They have had deleterious impacts on my quality of life since I can no longer exercise outdoors or drive at night without fear of being exposed to excessively bright LED headlights, experiencing sensory overload, and having meltdowns as a result. Even during sunny days, if drivers leave those LED headlights on, they are still too bright and extremely unpleasant to look at; it’s particularly worse when it’s cloudy or raining. LED headlights, especially those on Teslas, are some of the worst offenders, to the extent that I can recognize a Tesla from a distance solely by its headlights.

I am an avid lifelong cyclist and ride my bike all over King County. I have visited places such as Skagit County, Whatcom County, Snohomish County, Pierce County, Vancouver Island, Point Roberts, Snoqualmie Pass, Cle Elum, Vashon Island, Whidbey Island, the Kitsap Peninsula, and San Juan Island—all by bicycle. I have also ridden on nearly every regional trail in the Seattle area as well. However, my enjoyment of this activity has been greatly diminished by the excessive glare from these LED headlights, starting in the early 2020s. I have effectively lost one of the best stress relief methods I use to cope with my mental health issues, compounding my problems even more.

I also enjoy going on walks, and they have also been impacted by these LED headlights, making it unpleasant for me. I can no longer enjoy walking outside at night, robbing me of the ability to walk during times when it’s cooling off during what are supposed to be pleasant summer evenings. Again, even during the day, I constantly encounter excessive LED radiation and glare from these LED headlights.

Earlier this winter, my neighbor was driving a rental car equipped with LED headlights, which shone into my bedroom when they returned from work in the evening. They have since returned to their regular car, which still has halogen bulbs; however, one of their halogen lights has 74 of 76

burned out, and I’m afraid the owner might install LED headlights to replace it. Despite this, I still have LED headlights shining towards my bedroom from passing drivers since I live near a “T” intersection. This situation makes me feel unsafe in my own home, particularly during winter when daylight is limited.

The distress caused by these lights has led to hospitalization, and I feel as though I’m under house arrest because of them, causing serious mobility issues for me. I have written to ALL, and I mean ALL, of my elected officials at the state and federal level, and the lack of any adequate response has only added to my frustration and anguish.

My ultimate goal is to urge the government and policymakers to acknowledge the problems of these excessively bright LED headlights and the dangers they pose to the general public. I advocate for regulations on their brightness and for using a warmer color temperature instead of the bluish light, which disrupts circadian rhythms and makes it difficult to spot road hazards at night.

Personally, I wish to see LED headlights banned completely from our roadways in favor of tungsten filament halogen bulbs, which are less harsh and easier on the eyes. The so-called benefits of LED headlights are outweighed by the risks they pose to the general public, and for many of the reasons I have cited, they need to be completely banned from our public roadways.

I’m extremely appalled and deeply troubled by the fact that I cannot safely use public rights of way that I have paid my tax dollars for because these LED headlights have formed a discriminatory barrier and infringe on my constitutional rights to freedom of movement. I strongly urge the Food and Drug Administration to take action. I believe that these lights are a threat to national security and public health, and swift action must be taken. The current situation is completely unacceptable!
4/22/2024 – Wakefield, MI – None
Sitting in the left-turn lane waiting for the light to turn green, the pickup truck in the opposing left-turn lane had a new pinpoint LED turn signal that was so bright and so focused, was like a laser pointer shooting right into my right eye. Even in broad daylight the LED was so bright and so focused like a laser pointer I had to sheild my eyes with my hand until the traffic light turned green and I completed my turn. Hours later I am still seeing spots with my right eye. Praying there is no permanent damage.
4/21/2024 – Davis, CA – Migraine
I used to go for long walks at night in my neighborhood for exercise and as therapy for my chronic eye migraine issue. Since 2016 when the City replaced all the sodium vapor street lights with LEDs, I have not been able to walk at night due to the harsh glare and brightness of the lights. They are nothing like the old lights. Add to that all the LED house lights that have been installed since then. My neighborhood has become a no go zone. I paid mello roos taxes for years to pay for all the green spaces I can no longer use because of these lights. Some are even on all day and hurt my eyes even in the day time. My health has suffered from not being able to get my walks – weight gain, high blood pressure. And this is just a fraction of the story. I can no longer drive at night because of the intense LED car headlights in my face. I cannot go into town 75 of 76

at night to a restaurant or store for the same reason – LED lights everywhere. I cannot travel on a train or bus for the same reason. Airports also have these lights taking the joy out of plane travel.

I have to shop for my groceries online in stores like Safeway that have installed these lights nationwide. If I get exposed to these lights, I will get a ripping eye ache that lasts for weeks, a feeling that the surface of my eyeballs has been lased. 4/21/2024 – Beaverton, OR – Autism
LED flashing lights cause me to suffer severe anxiety, panic attacks, and fear.

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Appendix E – Public Policy

October, 2024 – Solid State Lighting: Review of Health Effects – International Energy Agency - Extensive report on the health impacts of LEDs.

April 19, 2024 – Health Impacts, Disability Rights, and Regulatory Status of LED Streetlights – Prepared for Henderson, NV by the Soft Lights Foundation.

January, 2021 – Recommendations to Keep Dark and Quiet Skies for Science and Society – United Nations – “If phosphor-converted amber LED or white LED lights are used, the amount of blue light (λ < 500 nm) should be below 5 per cent of the total spectral power. Generally, this requires using LED luminaires with a correlated colour temperature of 2200K or less.”

January, 2014 – Solid-State Lighting: Early Lessons Learned on the Way to Market – Describes LEDs as a radically new technology with directional light and unique characteristics.

New York State Public Service Commission Case 21-02623 - LED streetlights – (https://documents.dps.ny.gov/public/MatterManagement/CaseMaster.aspx?MatterCaseNo=23-E- 0727)

MEMO

Francis Krahe & Associates Inc is pleased to provide the following information regarding the public comments received in response to the Baldwin Park Metro Sign Lighting Study (Study) for the proposed illuminated sign (Sign) within the City of Baldwin Park, at 3100 Baldwin Park Blvd.

A. Background
Francis Krahe & Associates provided a Lighting Study to evaluate the proposed Sign at 3100 Baldwin Park Blvd., and analyzed the Sign lighting illuminance to evaluate the potential for light trespass impact from the Sign at adjacent residential zoned properties. The Study concludes the Sign will not create light trespass impacts to adjacent sensitive use properties.

B. Response to Public Comments

1. SoftLights.org, Mr. Mark Baker, January 4, 2025
The information provided by Mr. Baker asserts that the Lighting Study is flawed, asserting that LED lights do not conform to the inverse square law, also known as the first law of physics.

Baker presents links to a video test demonstration titled “Inverse square law is WRONG for grow lighting”, along with links to numerous studies regarding lighting effects attributed to LED Lighting. We believe the information presented by Mr. Baker is incorrect and not relevant to the Sign Study or to the performance of outdoor signs in general.

We believe the Study to be accurate and correct, and offer the following comments on the information presented by Mr. Baker:
a. The test recorded in the YouTube video labeled “Inverse square law is WRONG for grow lighting” does not use accepted prof essional practice methods of testing to accurately capture the full extent of the light source evaluated. See the following recommended test procedures developed by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America: ANSI/IES LM-70-19 Approved Method: Electrical and Photometric Measurements of LED Light Date: January 13, 2025
Project: Baldwin Park Metro Sign Lighting Study
Subject: Response to Public Comments
To:

Allison Rondone, First Carbon Solutions International
[email protected]
From: Francis Krahe [email protected]
cc: Jacob Graige [email protected]

MEMO
P:\PROJECTS\AV000 Baldwin Park Sign\Lighting Study\AV000 Lighting Study ME RTC 20250113.docx 1/13/2025 Page 2 Sources; IES LM-75-01/R12 IES Guide to Goniometer Measurements, Types and Photometric Coordinate System; and ANSI/IES LM-80-20 Approved Method: Measuring Lumen Flux of LED Packages, Arrays, and Modules.

These documents describe in finite detail the corre ct methods of measurement of light sources, including LED modules, to accurately capture and measure light.

The test presented in the YouTube video lacks the ANSI/IES proscribed testing equipment and does not follow the correct procedures and methods to accurately measure the LED source performance. In the test video, the reflectance of the surface materials surrounding the light meter and reflected light from surfaces within the adjacent lab as well as stray light from other lights in the vicinity visible in the video, including the camera, all present sources of error for these measurements. Due to this inaccuracy, the information presented in the video does not refute the laws of physics, including the inverse square law.
b. The LED system utilized in the Project Sign and analyzed in the Study is a wide- angle lighting source, distributing light laterally up to 165 degrees vertically and horizontally. The candlepower distribution of the Sign technology is deliberately controlled to provide smooth intensity of the Sign surface brightness, left to right and top to bottom. The light energy produced by the Sign measured in candelas, range from a maximum lig ht energy at the centerline axis to approximately 50% of the maximum light energy at 45 degrees to the centerline. This variation in light distribution is consistent both vertically and horizontally. This type of light distribution maximizes the visibility of the Sign for a range of viewing angles. Therefore, the Sign does not exhibit the behavior of point source, and the Inverse Square Law applies to the dispersion of light energy within the angular distribution of the Sign.

Furthermore, the conclusions of the Study are accurate. The distribution of light energy from the Sign and degradation of the Sign light energy is clearly visible in Study Figures 8 and Figure 9, on page 18.
c. The various articles linked to Mr. Baker’s letter assert other claims regarding the adverse effects of LED lighting, which do not apply to this Project and to LED signs in general.

September 24, 2024

Nick Baldwin, AICP
City Planner
City of Baldwin Park, Planning Division
14403 E. Pacific Ave.

Baldwin Park, CA 91706

RE: LACMTA Representation by Allvision
3100 Baldwin Park Boulevard

Dear Mr. Baldwin,

Please be advised that LACMTA authorizes Allvision, LLC to seek approval from the City of Baldwin Park for the installation of a TCN digital sign structure along its ROW at the address of 3100 Baldwin Park Boulevard. LACMTA has no objections or conditions to the project and would like to proceed with the entitlement process at the City of Baldwin Park.

Please do not hesitate to contact me with any questions at (213) 922-4435 or email me at [email protected]. Thank you and we look forward to working with you and your team through Allvision.

John Beck
Manager, Real Property Management

CITY OF BALDWIN PARK

Billboard
location

STAFF REPORT
ITEM NO. ____4____

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Baldwin Park City CouncilMarch 5, 2025

Baldwin Park City Council
March 5, 2025