Bell City Council
October 12, 2022

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-24 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum on a yearly basis. If the hazardous materials inventory of a business should change, a revised business plan must be submitted. Hazardous m aterial users and generators in the City include gasoline stations, auto repairs shops, printers and photo labs, clinics, dry cleaners, schools, fire stations, and a variety of other commercial and industrial land uses. A total of 27 sites are listed in th e U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Envirofacts Database as being handlers and/or users of hazardous materials. In addition, 13 sites are identified as undergoing cleanup and remediation in the EPA’s Database. Finally, there are two “superfund” sites located in the City that are included on the State’s Cortese Sites listing.

The primary concern associated with the release of a hazardous material relates to the public health risks of exposure. Toxic gases are a primary concern, since a gaseous toxic plume is more difficult to contain than a solid or liquid spill, and a gas can impact a larger segment of the population in a shorter time span.

Releases of hazardous materials may also occur during a natural disaster, such as during an earthquake.

Improperly stored containers of hazardous substances may overturn or break, pipelines may rupture, and storage tanks may fail. Containers may also explode when subjected to high temperatures, such as those generated by a fire. If two or more chemicals which are reactive when combined come in contact as a result of a spill, the hazard may be compounded. The Uniform Fire Code includes criteria designed to minimize the risk of an accident. These guidelines are to be followed when storing, using, or transporting hazardous materials, and include secondary containment of substances, segregation of chemicals to reduce reactivity during a release, sprinkler and alarm systems, monitoring, venting and auto shutoff equipment, and treatment requirements for toxic gas releases.

The General Plan FEIR found the potential risks from hazards and hazardous materials are site specific.

The impacts of the future development projects would require evaluation on a project specific basis. The potential impacts on Bell residents are a lso site-specific. That noted, the General Plan FEIR stated that implementation of the General Plan would not result in any significant unmitigable environmental impacts.

As a result, the proposed General Plan would not result in any new significant cumula tive hazards and hazardous materials impacts.

As found in the General Plan FEIR, development under the proposed updates would continue to be evaluated site specifically. Prior to the commencement of any new development, a thorough investigation of building interiors must be undertaken to ascertain whether ACMs or other residual contaminants are present. Should these contaminants be identified as part of the site investigation, remediation and disposal must be undertaken pursuant to CALEPA, DTSC, and EPA requirements. The future development may also involve the removal of the existing, older structures and their replacement with newer structures and improvements that will be constructed in conformance to more current codes. This replacement of older, obsolete, and blighted structures with new structures constructed to current building, health, and safety

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-25 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum codes is considered a beneficial impact. Therefore, impacts would remain less than significant and no new or greater impacts would occur.
(c) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to the following:
(e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the County?
(f) For a project in the vicinity of a private airstrip, result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the County?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
There are no airports within or near the City of Bell. The nearest airport to Bell is the Compton/Woodley Airport, a public airport located approximately five miles southwest of the City. The two most busy commercial public airports in the area are the Los Angeles International Airport that serves domestic and international flights located approximately 13 miles west of the City, and the Long Beach Airport is located 10 miles south of Bell. Because the City is not located within two miles of a public airport nor within the vicinity of a private airstrip, there would be no impacts. Development under the proposed Housing Element would not create additional impacts as well.
(d) Do the General Plan updates r equire subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to impairing implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The 2030 General Plan FEIR found the General Plan would not impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response or evacuation plan.

Under the proposed General Plan updates, the Health and Safety Element examines emergency response and evacuation plans and how they pertain to the overall General Plan. The Housing and Environmental

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-26 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum Justice elements would not substantially increase population or the number of total housing units significantly impacting emergency access routes. Projects subject to the General Plan updates would be required to implement applicable regulations as well as General Plan goals and policies to reduce the risk of impaired implementation or physical interference of an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan. Therefore, the proposed General Plan updates would not interfere with such plans but rather enhance them for the City of Bell; no new or greater impacts would occur. (e) Does the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death involving wildland fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to the urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with wildlands? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The City of Bell is located in an urbanized, built out community south of Los Angeles and not within a wildland area. The nearest wildland urban interface area is at Puente Hills located approximately 9.5 miles east of Bell. Therefore, there would be no impacts in respect to exposing people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death involving wildland fires.

Potential build out in the proposed Housing Element is less than what was analyzed in the General Plan EIR. Therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.8 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY
(a) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to the violation of any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
Certain sites within the County are required to treat the first 0.75 inches of runoff pursuant to the Los Angeles County Standard Urban Stormwater Management Plan (SUSUMP). Future development that may arise indirectly as part of the General Plan’s implementation will be required to comply with all pertinent

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-27 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum SUSUMP requirements. It is anticipated that major developments will be required to install storm water treatment devices (including clarifiers) to treat the storm flows. As a result, the potential impact s are considered to be less than significant.

The proposed Housing Element would not exacerbate impacts already analyzed in the adopted FEIR.

Proposed projects would be subject to the SUSUMP and be required to install storm water treatment devices (including clarifiers) to treat the storm flows. The proposed plan updates would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan FEIR; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.
(b) Do the General Plan updates r equire s ubsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level (e.g., the production rate of preexisting nearby wells would drop to a level which would not support existing land uses or planned uses for which permits have been granted?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The General Plan FEIR concluded that water supply in the City will continue to be derived from local groundwater wells operated and maintained by the local waste purveyors imported water from the Metropolitan Water District (MWD). 9 The FEIR found t he General Plan would not result in any development that would result in a significant increase in water consumption over that contemplated under the previously adopted (2021-2029) General Plan. Any future development, including the excavation required to accommodate building footings, infrastructure, and other improvements, will not extend into the local aquifers. As a result, no significant adverse impacts are anticipated as part of the General Plan’s approval and subsequent implementation. The analysis of water and hydrology impacts resulting from implementation of the Draft General Plan determined that there would not be any significant unavoidable adverse impacts with the adopti on and incorporation of the Plan’s goals, policies, and implementing programs.

The proposed Housing Element proposes 365 residential units whereas the General Plan EIR analyzed environmental impacts for 3,358 units. Therefore, any increase in imperious su rface as a result of the

9 Bell, City of. Draft Bell General Plan. Section 5. Conservation, Open Space, and Recreation Element. Administrative Draft, June 24, 2009.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-28 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum proposed Housing Element in combination with density bonus would be within the increases analyzed in the General Plan FEIR. The proposed elements would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan FEIR; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur. (c) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, in a manner which would result in a substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown b y New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The General Plan FEIR found that according to maps produced by the United States Geological Survey (USGS), no blue-line streams or other bodies of water are located within the potential development sites.

No surface water bodies will be affected by future development. All development will be required to conform to applicable water quality regulations and to obtain wastewater discharge permits in accordance with any applicable clean water act requirements. Adherence to applicable regulations and policies will ensure future development does not impact the local hydrological system and that water quality within the City is maintained. However, these impacts could occur in the absence of the implementation of the 2030 General Plan. The analysis of water and hydrology impacts resulting from implementation of the General Plan determined that there would not be any significant unavoidable adverse impacts with the adoption/incorporation of the Plan’s goals, policies, and implementing programs.

Similar to the General Plan, projects subject to the proposed Housing Element are required to obtain the necessary hydrology permits as well as adhere to local policies. The proposed General Plan updates would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan; no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-29 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum (d) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or off-site?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
Groundwater resources in the Central Basin consists of a body of shallow, unconfined, and semi-perched water on the upper part of the alluvial deposits; the principal body of fresh groundwater within the Recent and Pleistocene deposits; and salt water under the freshwater resources. Groundwater basins are recharged by surface and subsurface flows from the bordering hills and mountains; by downward percolation of waters from major streams; and by direct percolation of rain and artificial recharge at spreading basins or injection wells. The discharge of the groundwater is through pumping for domestic use and flows to the ocean through sewers and drainage channels. Water -bearing deposits are unconsolidated and semi - consolidated alluvial sediments that hold wate r and allow water to pass through and are referred to as aquifers. Non-water-bearing deposits are consolidated rocks and ground layers which provide limited water and form the boundaries between aquifers. The geologic structure underlying the Bell area consists of a topmost layer of deposition from recent time (15,000 years ago), consisting of alluvium and the Gaspur Aquifer. Alluvium found on or near the surface of the City is 60 inches thick or less and contains poor quality water in small quantities. The Gaspur Aquifer consists of cobbles and pebbles from the San Gabriel Mountains. The upper layer of the Gaspur aquifer contains medium to coarse textured sand and the lower layer contains sand, gravel, and cobbles. The Gaspur Aquifer is 120 feet thick at the most and yields large amounts of water. The Gaspur aquifer merges with the surface at the Montebello Forebay and in the Los Angeles Narrows area. It also merges with deeper aquifers at Whittier Narrows, south of the Los Angeles Narrows area and along the Los Angeles River. The Pleistocene period (one million years ago) resulted in the deposition of Older Dune Sand, the Lakewood Formation, and the San Pedro Formation within the coastal plain. The Lakewood Formation contains the Exposition, Gage, and Garden a aquifers and aquicludes (fine sand, silt, and clay that transmit water slowly).

The General Plan FEIR stated that all development will be required to conform to applicable water quality regulations and to obtain waste-water discharge permits in accordance with any applicable clean water act requirements. Adherence to applicable regulations and policies will ensure future development does not impact the local hydrological system and that water quality within the City is maintained. However, these impacts could occur in the absence of the implementation of the General Plan. The proposed updates would

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-30 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum not substantially change impacts to those already analyzed in the FEIR. Therefore , no new or greater impacts would occur.
(e) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to alter the following:
(e) Place housing within a 100 -year flood hazard area as mapped on a federal Flood Hazard Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate Map or other flood hazard delineation map? (f) Place within a 100-year flood hazard area structures which would impede or redirect flood flows? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
Large areas downstream of the Hansen and Sepulveda Dams, including the City of Bell, are at risk of inundation in the event of dam failure. The Hansen and Sepulveda Dams are operated by the Army Corps of Engineers and were constructed primarily for flood control. The flood hazards associated with dam failure will affect most areas south of the dams. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) oversees the preparation of maps that indicates those areas where there is a potential for inundation resulting from a 100-year flood and a 500-year flood. The maps serve as the basis as to whether flood insurance is required for homeowners. The mapping program also serves an additional purpose in designating those areas of the City where flood-related mitigation may be required. The 2030 General Plan FEIR found there is no potential for seiche or tsunami in Bell since no large surface water bodies (lakes, reservoirs, etc.) are located nearby. In addition, the Federal Emergency, Management Agency's (FEMA) National Flood Insurance Program designates the City of Bell within Zone X. The Zone X flood zone has an annual probability of flooding of less than 0.2% and represents areas outside the 500-year flood plain.

Thus, properties located in Zone X are not located within a 100-year flood plain. 10 Both the Land Use Element and the Safety Element must indicate those areas of the City where there is a potential for flooding. Where flooding has been identified, special policies, programs, or other mechanisms must be considered as a means to reduce the damaging effects of flooding. Therefore, development under proposed Housing Element would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan; no new or greater impacts would occur.

10 FEMA. Flood Zones, Definition/Description. http://www.fema.gov/floodplain-management/flood-zones

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-31 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum (f) Do the prop osed General Plan updates r equire subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving flooding, including flooding as a result of the failure of a levee or dam? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The City of Bell is located within the inundation paths of the Hansen and Sepulveda Dams. The Hansen Dam is located on the northern edge of the San Fernando Valley, approximately four miles west of Sunland.

Large areas downstream of the Hansen and Sepulveda Dams, including the City of Bell, are at risk of inundation in the event of dam failure. The Hansen and Sepulveda Dams are operated by the Army Corps of Engineers and were constructed primarily for flood control. The flood hazards associated with dam failure will affect most areas south of the dams. However, the 203 0 General Plan FEIR found future development will be exposed to the potential inundation risk from the Whittier, Hansen, and Sepulveda Dams though the level of risk would not increase from either the existing levels or those that are associated with the previously adopted General Plan.

Build out under the proposed Housing Element would not increase the number of residents and workers that had not already been analyzed by the General Plan EIR. The Housing Element proposes 365 units of housing to meet RHNA re quirements, well below the 3,358 units analyzed in the General Plan.

Additionally, most of the dams are flood control dams subject to the safety requirements and inspections by the Division of Safety of Dams. Therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur. (g) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
As analyzed in the General Plan FEIR, there is no potential for seiche or tsunami in Bell since no large surface water bodies (lakes, reservoirs, etc.) are located nearby. The City of Bell is relatively flat with no hilly nor natural terrain that would contribute to a mudslide. Therefore, ther e would be no impacts to inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-32 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum As there is no potential for seiche or tsunami in Bell due to its proximity away from large surface bodies of water, the proposed Housing Element and other General Plan updates would not create additional impacts.

Therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.9 LAND USE AND PLANNING
(a) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to the potential to physically divide an existing community? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The City of Bell is a well- established community consisting of a residential center and industrial neighborhood. The General Plan FEIR found the 2030 General Plan would not result in the disruption or division of the physical arrangement of an established residential community. As a result, the adopted General Plan’s land use impacts are less than significant.

The proposed Housing Element applies to residential and mixed-use projects and, as a result, would not incentivize the construction of transportation or other types of projects that have the ability to physically divide an area as most development is anticipated to be infill development. Projects subject to the Housing Element would be consistent with the existing zoning and the allowable densities specified in the General Plan Land Use Element; any proposed zone change would require discretionary action. Any projects that are not consistent with zoning or the General Plan land use designation (and therefore with the potential to disrupt an existing neighborhood) would be subject to the City’s process for zone changes or General Plan amendments. The Housing Element would not change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-33 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum (b) Do the proposed General Plan updates r equire subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the project (including, but not limited to the general plan, specific plan, local coastal program, or zoning ordinance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The General Plan FEIR found that in general, the General Plan’s implementation will not involve any changes in the existing land use policy. The land use plan’s major change in land use will involve potential infill mixed-use development within the areas of the City designated as the Mixed-Use Overlay Zone. As indicated previously, this overlay designation applies to those areas located along the Florence Avenue, Atlantic Avenue, and the Gage Avenue corridors. The purpose of this overlay zone is to expand the range of land uses and development to include mixed-use residential development, senior housing development, and multiple -family development on infill parcels. The General Plan’s land use policy provides for a number of “area plans” for key areas of the City. The analysis of land use and planning impacts indicated that no significant adverse impacts on land use and development would result from the implementation of the General Plan.

Development in accordance with the proposed Housing Element would occur primarily in residential and urbanized areas. The Housing Element is consistent with local land use plans, goals, and policies mandating more affordable housing, transit serving development, and mixed-use development served by high-quality transit. The General Plan updates would also further accomplish the goals, objectives, policies and programs of the existing Housing Element of the General Plan by expanding the supply of affordable housing. It would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan FEIR; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-34 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum (c) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan or natural community conservation plan? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
As described in Section 3.7, Biological Resources, the General Plan FEIR stated the City of Bell is urbanized and plant life is limited to non-native, introduced, and ornamental species, which are used for landscaping.

The City is completely surrounded by established commercial and industrial development. Animal life in Bell and nearby urban areas consists of domesticated species commonly found in an urban setting. Thus, future development within the City would not have any adverse impacts on sensitive plan ts or animals.

The area governed by the General Plan does not include areas governed by a habitat conservation or community conservation plan. As a result, no adverse impacts on local, regional, or State habitat conservation plans would result from the General Plan’s implementation.

The City is located within an urbanized setting, and no natural habitats are found within the City or in adjacent areas. Development through the proposed Housing Element would not make any changes to local, regional, or State ha bitat conservation plans. It would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.10 MINERAL RESOURCES
(a) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
Under the Surface Mining and Reclamation Act (SMARA), the California Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal has identified significant sources of aggregate materials in the State. No significant sources of sand or gravel resources have been identified in the City of Bell or the adjacent areas. Also, the map

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-35 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum showing significant aggregate resources indicate the City of Bell is in an area where no significant mineral deposits are present and there is little likelihood for their presence. 11 The Tujunga-Soboba association, found on the eastern section of the Central City along the Los Angeles River, is a good source of sand though the Los Angeles River has been completely channelized and sand mining activity is no longer possible. A portion of the Bandini oil field underlies the Cheli industrial area of the City of Bell. Records concerning oil production indicate there are 14 wells located in the Bandini oil field with an annual production of 45,600 barrels. The remaining reserves in the Bandini oil field are estima ted at 100 million barrels. The wells tapping the Bandini oil field are not located within the City of Bell though they are located in adjacent cities. There are no active oil wells within the City and the exploratory wells at the Cheli industrial area have long since been abandoned and plugged. Therefore, there would be no impacts to mineral resources.

As there are no mineral resources in Bell, development under the proposed Housing Element would not contribute to the loss of a known mineral resources. Therefore, no newer or greater impacts would occur. (b) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan or other land use plan?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
As described above, the City of Bell has no known mineral resources; therefore, there would be no impacts to the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan.

The proposed General Plan updates will also not affect mineral resource zones or otherwise result in the loss of locally important mineral resources. It would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.

11 California Department of Conservation Division of Mines and Geology Mineral Re sources Program SMARA Mineral Land Classification Project. Publications of the SMARA Mineral Land Classification Project Dealing with Mineral Resources in California. May 14, 2001.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-36 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum

3.11 NOISE AND VIBRATION
(a) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
To determine the existing and future noise levels along major roadways and transportation facilities, future traffic noise levels were again determined using on -site surveys and the California Department of Transportation (CALTRANs) Traffic Noise Prediction Model. Traffic generated by future development envisioned under the General Plan would result in an incremental increase in traffic noise along local streets. Generally, a change in the ambient noise levels of between 3.0 dB to 5.0 dB is required for it to be perceptible under normal conditions. Because of the logarithmic character related to noise propagation, a doubling in traffic volumes is generally required to result in result in such a c hange. For larger projects, additional environmental analysis may be required to determine the nature and scope of noise -related mitigation. Traffic generated by future development supported by the General Plan would not represent a doubling of existing tr affic volumes. Furthermore, any new development would not result in any significant noise impacts not already envisioned under the existing Adopted General Plan. As a result, the future noise impacts from future development in the planning area would be less than significant.

The potential stationary noise impacts are site specific. The impacts of the future development projects will require evaluation on a project specific basis. Furthermore, the analysis herein concluded that the implementation of the General Plan would not result in any significant environmental impacts. As a result, the 2030 General Plan would not result in any significant cumulative noise impacts.

Construction as a result of development due to t he proposed Housing Element would likely not create significant impact outside of those examined in the 2030 adopted General Plan. The analysis contained in the FEIR determined that short -term construction impacts would be less than significant through the implementation of the City’s Noise Ordinance and any impact would be temporary and cease once the construction phases are completed. The potential long-term impacts would not be any different from that anticipated for any common development project. Therefore, the proposed Housing Element would not

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-37 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan, and no new or greater impacts would occur.
(b) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to exposure of persons to or generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Dec lined by Proponent?
o þ
The 2030 General Plan FEIR found that future development would result in short -term construction impacts. However, the construction noise would subside once construction of a particular project is completed. Two types of noise impacts could occur during the construction phase. First, the transport of workers and equipment to the construction site would incrementally increase noise levels along local roadways. Even though there could be a relatively high single event noise exposure potential with passing trucks (a maximum noise level of 86 dBA at 50 feet), the increase in noise would be less than 1.0 dBA when averaged over a 24-hour period.
12 Composite construction noise is best characterized by a study prepared by the Environmen tal Protection Agency (Bolt, Beranek, and Newman). In this study, the noisiest phases of construction for commercial development are presented as 89 dBA while residential development are presented as 88 dBA Leq, both as measured at a distance of 50 feet fr om the construction effort. These values take into account both the number of pieces and spacing of the heavy equipment used in the construction effort. In later phases during building erection, noise levels are typically reduced from these values and the physical structures further break up line -of-sight noise. However, as a worst -case scenario, the 89 dBA value should be used as an average noise level for any future construction effort. All construction activities will be subject to the City of Bell Munic ipal Code and regulated between the hours of 7:00 A.M. and 7:00 P.M. As such, no construction activities shall be permitted outside of these hours. Adherence to City Code requirements will ensure that any potential future construction noise impacts will be less than significant.

The analysis of noise impacts indicated that no significant adverse impacts would result from the implementation of the proposed General Plan FEIR. There are a number of policies included in the General

12 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Noise from Construction Equipment Operations, Building Equipment and Home Appliances, 1971.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-38 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum Plan that would also be applicable to future development that may be directly or indirectly supported through the Plan.

Construction through the proposed Housing Element is not anticipated to result in significant generation of groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels in excess of City standards. Development projects subject to the Housing Element would likely be residential or mixed-use projects and would not include the development of industrial land uses typical of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels. Therefore, development through the proposed Housing Element would not intensify impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan; no new or greater impacts would occur. (c) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to a substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
Future development would result in short -term construction impacts. However, the construction noise would subside once construction of a particular project is completed. Two types of noise impacts could occur during the construction phase. First, the transport of workers and equipment to the construction site would incrementally increase noise levels along local roadways. Even though there could be a relatively high single event noise exposure potential with passing trucks (a maximum noise level of 86 dBA at 50 feet), the increase in noise would be less than 1.0 dBA when averaged over a 24-hour period. 13 Composite
construction noise is best characterized by a study prepared by the Environmental Protection Agency (Bolt, Beranek, and Newman). In this study, the noisiest phases of construction for commercial development are presented as 89 dBA while residential development are presented as 88 dBA Leq, both as measured at a distance of 50 feet from the construction effort. These values take into account both the number of pieces and spacing of the heavy equi pment used in the construction effort. In later phases during building erection, noise levels are typically reduced from these values and the physical structures further break up line-of-sight noise. However, as a worst-case scenario, the 89 dBA value should be used as an average noise level for any future construction effort. All construction activities will be subject to the City of Bell Municipal Code and regulated between the hours of 7:00 A.M. and 7:00 P.M. As such, no construction

13 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Noise from Construction Equipment Operations, Building Equipment and Home Appliances, 1971

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-39 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum activities shall be permitted outside of these hours. Adherence to City Code requirements will ensure that any potential future construction noise impacts will be less than significant.

Projects developed under the proposed Housing Element could generate traffic that could co ntribute to elevated noise levels from mobile sources along roadways. However, such projects would be required to implement General Policies to mitigate potential impacts that would result in a less than significant contribution to traffic and consequently noise. Moreover, the Housing Element proposes 365 units in comparison to the 3,358 units analyzed in the General Plan EIR. T herefore, buildout under the proposed element would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan FEIR.

No new or greater impacts would occur.
(d) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to a substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The City of Bell roadway noise contour data were generated with the Federal Highway Administration's Highway Traffic Noise Prediction Model, U.S. Department of Transportation (1978). Model input data included existing average daily traffic levels; day/evening/night percentages of autos, medium, and heavy trucks; vehicle speeds; ground attenuation factors; and roadway widths. The distance from the roadway centerline to the roadway's 60, 65 and 70 dB CNEL contours for the existing conditions (1996) are provided in Table 3-16. Atlantic Avenue, Florence Avenue, Eastern Avenue, Slauson Avenue, and Gage Avenue are the major generators of noise within Bell. The I-710 freeway also generates traffic noise within the City. As shown, traffic noise levels dominate the ambient noise environment along Gage, Florence, and Eastern Avenues, and the I-710 Freeway. These noises affect residences, trailer parks, a convalescent home, and other noise sensitive uses located along major roadways.

Future development would result in short -term construction impacts. However, the construction noise would subside once construction of a particular project is completed. Two types of noise impacts could occur during the construction phase. First, the transport of workers and equipment to the construction site would incrementally increase noise levels along local roadways. Even though there could be a relatively high single event noise exposure potential with passing trucks (a maximum noise level of 86 dBA at 50

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-40 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum feet), the increase in noise would be less than 1.0 dBA when averaged over a 24-hour period.14 Composite construction noise is best characterized by a study prepared by the Environmental Protection Agency (Bolt, Beranek, and Newman). In this study, the noisiest phases of construction for commercial development are presented as 89 dBA while residential development are presented as 88 dBA Leq, both as measured at a distance of 50 feet from the construction effort. These val ues take into account both the number of pieces and spacing of the heavy equipment used in the construction effort. In later phases during building erection, noise levels are typically reduced from these values and the physical structures further break up line-of-sight noise. However, as a worst-case scenario, the 89 dBA value should be used as an average noise level for any future construction effort. All construction activities will be subject to the City of Bell Municipal Code and regulated between the h ours of 7:00 A.M. and 7:00 P.M. As such, no construction activities shall be permitted outside of these hours. Adherence to City Code requirements will ensure that any potential future construction noise impacts will be less than significant.

Projects deve loped under the proposed Housing Plan could generate traffic that could contribute to elevated noise levels from mobile sources along roadways. However, most projects would result in a less than significant contribution to traffic and therefore noise. Proj ects would be required to implement General Policies that mitigate potential impacts. Because the maximum amount of development under the Housing Element is far less than that analyzed in the General Plan EIR, the Housing Element would not increase nor intensify impacts; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur. (e) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to the following:
(e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within 2 miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels?
(f) For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The General Plan FEIR explains that development is required to be consistent with any applicable Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan (ALUCP) constraints pertaining to nearby developments. Compliance with

14 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Noise from Construction Equipment Operations, Building Equipment and Home Appliances, 1971

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-41 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum land use compatibility policies included in the Land Use Element and Noise Element of the General Plan would ensure that development would not conflict with airport land use plans. Therefore, the General Plan EIR found that future development under the General Plan would be consistent with adopted ALUCPs and there would be no significant noise exposure impacts relative to airport or airstrip noise levels (and would not exacerbate existing impacts).

Development under the proposed Housing Element would be required to comply with policies included in the Land Use Element and Noise Element of the General Plan to ensure that development would not conflict with airport land use plans. The Housing Element projects would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan FEIR; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.12 POPULATION AND HOUSING
(a) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to induce s ubstantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
Cumulative and growth-inducing impacts are generally associated with the provision of urban services to an undeveloped or rural area, such as utilities, improved roadways, and expanded public services. The General Plan FEIR found the build -out population and housing projections for the General Plan is comparable to that projected for the then existing Adopted General Plan (2021-2029). Finally, the majority of those land use designation changes envisioned as part of the 2030 General Plan’s implementation are designed to promote conformity with the underlying land uses. As a result, the General Plan will result in growth in population and housing over the current 2014 condition, though it will result in a reduction in the attendant impacts as compared to the 2021-2029 General Plan. The analysis of land use and planning impacts indicated that no significant impacts on housing and population would result from the implementation of the General Plan.

The proposed General Plan updates include the need for additional housing, specifically affordable housing set asides in applicable zones and submarket areas. The 2029 6th Cycle RHNA indicates that the

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-42 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum City of Bell needs a total of 365 units of housing,15 but the proposed Housing Element recommends 365 residential units. According to the US Census Bureau, the City of Bell has 3.90 persons per household.

Therefore, 365 units of housing would lead to a population increase of approximately 1,424 people.

Considering the total population of the City is 35,521, the proposed Housing Element would increase the population by four percent. The General Plan EIR analyzes environmental impacts for 3,358 units of housing for a population increase of 13,096 people (37 percent). Therefore, the proposed Housing Element is not anticipated to result in a substantial increase in population, and the effects of the proposed Housing Element on its own would be minimal and well within the assumptions of the General Plan FEIR. The General Plan updates would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the 2030 General Plan; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur. (b) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere or displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The General Plan Update EIR concluded that existing uses would continue even where new zoning and land use designations are proposed. None of the existing uses would be forced to be removed or relocated as a result of the project implementation. Compliance with the Housing Element would facilitate the development of a variety of housing types by providing a supply of land that is adequate to accommodate the RHNA and maintain an inventory of housing opportunities sites. Therefore, the General Plan EIR found no significant impacts.

Development under the proposed Housing would not result in the displacement of substantial numbers of existing housing units, either market rate or affordable. The purpose of the proposed Housing Element along with the Environmental Justice Element is to increase affordable housing supply in the City of Bell.

Both elements would work with RHNA to help ensure there is no net loss of affordable housing. Therefore,

15 SCAG 6th Cycle Final RHNA Allocation Plan. Southern California Association of Governments. March 4, 2021.

Available online at: https://scag.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/6th-cycle-rhna-proposed-final-allocation- plan.pdf?1614023284.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-43 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum the General Plan updates would not increase impacts as compared to those identified for the 2030 General Plan; no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.13 PUBLIC SERVICES
(a) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the following public services:
• Fire protection and emergency response
• Police Protection
• Schools
• Parks
• Other Public Facilities
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
Fire Protection and Emergency Response
The City of Bell contracts with the Los Angeles County Fire Department (LACFD) for fire protection and emergency services. Fire stations are located in the City of the Bell and the surrounding area to meet the demand for fire protection in the area. The LA CFD has a service area covering over 22,000 square miles.

There are 235 fire stations throughout the County which respond to approximately 200,000 calls per year.

The City of Bell has access to all the resources and facilities of the County Fire Department. Thus, other fire stations may respond to a fire in the City of Bell if the need arises. The County Fire Station No. 163 is located at the Civic Center of Bell and provides first response to the Central City. Fire Station No. 27 on Rickenbacker Road in Bell serves the Cheli industrial area. There are also a number of other fire stations in the surrounding area that may also serve the City of Bell when needed. Response time county -wide is under five minutes.

To ensure emergency water supply throughout the City, new construction is required to meet specific fire flow standards. Fire flows for individual structures are calculated according to size of the structure (floor area), type of construction (wood, non -combustible, fire-resistant), building height, presence of sprinkler systems, distance between buildings, and type of use. The Los Angeles County Fire Department's Fire Prevention Bureau determines the minimum flows for new construction based on building plans and developers are responsible for providing adequate fire flows. This ensures that hydrant capacity is

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-44 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum available to meet fire emergency needs of all developments. The City of Bell follows the County Fire Department Fire Code standards for fire flows and emergency access roads. Fire flows of 1,000 gallons per minute (gpm) to 5,000 gpm at 20 pounds per square-inch of residual pressure for a duration of two to five hours is needed at residential and commercial uses, with hydrants every 300 to 600 feet, based on the type of occupancy. The fire standards outlined above are subject to the following conditions:
• Fire flow increases with building size (square feet) and/or lot coverage. Twenty pounds per square inch (psi) and 600 feet hydrant spacing is required for single -family dwelling. Twenty psi and 300 f eet hydrant spacing is required for all other occupancies.
• Road width increases where parallel parking allowances, hydrant requirements, serial fire suppression requirements, or aerial fire suppression requirements indicate the need. • A minimum 20 feet private road width is permitted only if life safety is not jeopardized, topography, or lot shape/dimensions are constraints, and the Fire Department grants discretionary approval. • A paved access is required if any portion of the first floor, building exterior is more than 150 feet from a public vehicle access (private driveway, bridge, alley). • Final fire flow will be based on the size of the building, its relationship to adjacent structures and the type of construction.

The water system must be capable of supplying adequate quantities of water for firefighting purposes, in addition to the daily supply for domestic demand in the area. Adequate reservoir capacity is determined by the availability of water for peak day supply plus fire flow requirements. Generally, peak day supply is twice the average day demand and total fire flow requirements are estimated by the population of the area.

The provision of adequate roadway widths will facilitate emergency response during a disaster. The City supports fire access standards that have been established by the County Fire Department to ensure access for firefighting equipment to all areas of the City. The adopted General Plan would not introduce any new significant adverse impacts on fire department services not already anticipated in the adopted City of Bell General Plan. All future development supported in whole or part within the planning area would reflect the development contemplated to occur under the City’s General Plan. Any future development within the planning area may occur in the absence of the General Plan’s implementation. Given that the newer construction would lessen the likelihood for structural fires, the greatest potential increase in service demands would be related to paramedic calls. The removal over older substandard structures and blighted properties would have a beneficial impact in terms of reducing structural hazards and risk.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-45 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum The projects subject to the proposed Housing Element are not expected to substantially increase the local population while assisting the increase in stock of affordable housing in the City. The General Plan EIR examined potential buildout of 3,358 residential units whereas the Housing Element proposes a maximum buildout of 365 units, far less than the General Plan. Therefore, the proposed Housing Element would not intensify nor increase impacts as compared to those identified for the adopted General Plan; no new or greater impacts would occur.

Law Enforcement
The General Plan FEIR found that the intensification of land use within the City may also result in an increase in the demand for police services related to general calls for service. As part of the Sheriff Department’s annual review, demand shall be evaluated, and resources allocated as necessary. For larger projects, additional environmental analysis may be required to determine the nature and scope of potential impacts on law enforcement services. The anticipated net increase in demand associated with the General Plan’s adoption would not be significantly different from the existing levels.

The proposed Housing Element would require additional housing units to comply with RHNA and accommodate Bell’s population . Similar to fire services, the projects subject to the proposed Housing Element that increase the stock of housing in the City are not expected to substantially increase the local population because such increases have been anticipated and analyzed in the General Plan EIR . The Housing Element would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the adopted General Plan; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.

School Services
The Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) serves the residential neighborhoods located in Bell. The City is home to a new primary school (Escutia Primary Center), three elementary schools (Corona Avenue Elementary School, Nueva Vista Elementary School, and Woodlawn Avenue Elementary School), and a high school (Bell High School). The Magnolia Science Academy was established in the fall of 2010. Orchard Academy 2B/2C shares the same site as the Magnolia Science Academy. Bell is also within the service boundaries of the Los Angeles Community College District.

The General Plan EIR described the 2000 U. S. Census breakdown of the number of residents by age group as well as the number attending school to project future enrollments. To provide a maximum case, all of the prospective school aged students were assumed to be attending school. Of the total number citywide residents, approximately 10.5% were grade school-aged, 15.5% were middle school-aged, and 11.7% were high school-aged. All new development, including potential residential development within the planning

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-46 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum area would be required to pay the mandatory school district development fees. As a result, the proposed project’s impacts on school facilities are not considered to be significant or adverse.

Development under the Housing Element is meant to increase housing units in the City though not to a level exceeding the analysis in the General Plan FEIR. Therefore, the Housing Element would not increase the population beyond what was anticipated in the General Plan. Projects subject to the proposed element would be required to pay established impact fees at the time of building permit issuance, which would adequately mitigate any impacts generated to school service. Henceforth, development under the Housing Element would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan; no new or greater impacts would occur.

Library Services
The Bell Library is located on 4411 East Gage Avenue and is part of the Los Angeles County Library System.

The library was first established in 1913 as the 29th branch of the County of Los Angeles Public Library System. After having been relocated several times, a new library was constructed at the present location in 1960. The library building has 4,863 square feet of floor area. Due to the rapid growth of the community, the building was expanded in 1973. The current collection includes books in Arabic, Spanish, and English.

Other resources include computer work-stations, free wi-fi, and computers for smaller children. The FEIR found that the analysis of public services and utilities indicated that no significant adverse impacts would result from the implementation of the General Plan taking into account the number of policies included in the General Plan that would be applicable to future development.

The General Plan FEIR examined a maximum buildout of 3,358 residential units; however, the proposed Housing Element recommends 365 residential units, well below the amount analyzed in the General Plan.

Given impacts were found to be less than significant in the FEIR and there would not be a substantial increase in population, it is unlikely additional libraries would need to be constructed as a result of the Housing Element. Regardless, consistent with the adopted General Plan, projects subject to the Housing Element would be required to pay the County’s established library facility fee at the time of building permit issuance, which would adequately mitigate any impacts generated to libraries. Therefore, the proposed element would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the 2030 General Plan; no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-47 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum

3.14 RECREATION
(a) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
Because of the urban and developed character of the city, open space land is limited . Virtually all of the parcels in the City have been developed with the remaining vacant parcels limited to infill properties likely to be developed in the near term. A large number of vacant parcels in the westerly portion of the City have been cleared to accommodate the construction of a new school. Other open space areas have been set aside as easements for utilities, landscaped yard areas, and for flood control. The City of Bell Department of Parks and Recreation maintains and operates nine parks totaling 14.5 acre s. The 2030 General Plan found there are two areas that are geographically underserved by parks. The first area is the Cheli area that is developed as industrial. At the time of the FEIR, no neighborhoods are found within this area and, as a result, no park facilities are required.
16 A second area is located in the south -central portion of the Central City area roughly bounded by Gage Avenue on the north, Florence Avenue on the south, Otis Avenue on the west, and Heliotrope Avenue on the east. It is significant that the Bell High School campus is centrally located within this underserved area. As indicated in a preceding section, a joint use agreement has been initiated between the LAUSD and the City to use certain campus facilities for community recreation. When the Bell High School is identified as having a 0.5 service area, virtually all of the City’s neighborhoods are located within a 0.5-mile distance of a park. More significantly, all of the City neighborhoods are located within a maximum 15-minute walking distance of a park. The FEIR concluded that there are a number of policies in the adopted 2030 General Plan that will require future development to provide additional parkland or in lieu fees that will reduce the severity of the parkland deficiency to mitigate impacts.

The 2030 General Plan found that it would not involve the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be

16 The City has since developed the Salvation Army Oasis Apartments which offers 64 affordable studio apartment units as permanent supportive dwellings for the homeless, including those facing chronic mental illness or disability and chronic homelessness. The community also has an on-site health clinic, employment services, gym, and community room.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-48 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum accelerated. The General Plan would not require the construction and expansion of recreational facilities to accommodate projected demand. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant. There are a number of policies in the General Plan that will require future development to provide additional parkland or in lieu fees that will reduce the severity of the parkland deficiency to mitigate impacts.

The proposed Housing Element includes the need for additional housing, specifically affordable housing set asides in applicable zones and submarket areas. The 2029 6th Cycle RHNA indicates that the City of Bell needs a total of 229 units of housing, and the proposed Housing Element recommends 365 residential units. According to the US Census Bureau, the City of Bell has 3.90 persons per household. Therefore, 365 units of housing would lead to a population increase of approximately 1,424 people. Considering the total population of the City is 35,521, the proposed Housing Element would increase the population by four percent. The General Plan EIR analyzes environmental impacts for 3,358 units of housing for a population increase of 13,096 people (37 percent). Hence, the proposed Housing Element would not intensify population increases beyond what was analyzed in the General Plan FEIR, and consequently impact on local parks. The existing General Plan policies would require future development to provide additional parkland or in lieu fees that would reduce the severity of the parkland deficiency to mitigate impacts.

Therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.
(b) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to including recreational facilities or requires the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
According to most conventional park and open space standards, between 2.5 acres and 5.0 acres of park land for every 1,000 persons is considered to be optimal. Assuming a standard of 2.5 acres of open space land per 1,000 persons, the City would need to pr ovide more than 95 acres of open space to meet this standard. The City’s total land area is 1,796 acres and the 95 acres standard would represent approximately 5% of the total land area of Bell. As a result, this standard’s application to the City is not f easible. A significant portion of the City’s land area consists of the Los Angeles River (186-acres) and the Cheli area (approximately 400-acres which is developed entirely industrial and has little need for parks). The Central City portion of Bell that co ntains all of the residential neighborhoods has an approximate land area of 1,200acres. Bell is not typical of many communities in that all of its 36,716 residents live within the Central

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-49 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum City area that has an east -to-west distance of approximately 1.85 mi les and a north -to-south distance of approximately 0.75 mile. This compact configuration enables the City to more efficiently utilize its existing facilities to meet the recreation and open space needs of local residents. This is borne out by Exhibit 3 -11 that indicates the theoretical service areas of the local parks. The light green circles represent a park service radius of 0.5 mile. In other words, the areas that are adequately served by the existing facilities are located within the green-shaded circles.

There are two areas that are geographically underserved by parks. The first area is the Cheli area that is developed as industrial. No neighborhoods are found within this area and, as a result, no park facilities are required. A second area is located in the south-central portion of the Central City area roughly bounded by Gage Avenue on the north, Florence Avenue on the south, Otis Avenue on the west, and Heliotrope Avenue on the east. It is significant that the Bell High School campus is centrally loca ted within this underserved area. As indicated in a preceding section, a joint use agreement has been initiated between the LAUSD and the City to use certain campus facilities for community recreation. When the Bell High School is identified as having a 0.5 service area, virtually all of the City’s neighborhoods are located within a 0.5-mile distance of a park. More significantly, all of the City neighborhoods are located within a maximum 15 -minute walking distance of a park. There are a number of policies in the Draft General Plan that will require future development to provide additional parkland or in lieu fees that will reduce the severity of the parkland deficiency. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant.

As discussed above, buildout through the proposed Housing Element may lead to some population growth although it would not be substantial enough to create additional impacts analyzed in the adopted General Plan FEIR. Projects subject to development would comply with existing federal, state, and local regulations regarding parks and recreational facilities. They would also be required to adhere to the existing General Plan policies would require future development to provide additional parkland or in lieu fees that would reduce the severity of the parkland deficiency to mitigate impacts. Therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-50 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum

3.15 TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFIC
(a) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to the following:
(a) Conflict with an applicable plan, ordinance or policy establishing measures of effectiveness for the performance of the circulation system, taking into account all modes of transportation including mass transit and non-motorized travel and relevant components of the circulation system, including but not limited to intersections, streets, highways and freeways, pedestrian and bicycle paths, and mass transit? (b) Conflict with an applicable congestion management program, including, but not limited to level of service standards and travel demand measures, or other standards established by the county congestion management agency for designated roads or highways?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ?
o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The General Plan FEIR concludes that it will not result in a conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs supporting alternative transportation (e.g., bus turnouts, bicycle racks). There are a number of goals and policies included in the draft City of Bell General Plan that will also be applicable to future development that may be directly or indirectly suppor ted through the general plan update. Mobility and Circulation Element Policy 1 states that the City of Bell shall continue to participate in regional transportation planning efforts. The City shall participate in all regional transportation planning and de velopment initiatives including those hosted by SCAG, Caltrans, Los Angeles County MTA, and ECO Rapid Transit.

Mobility and Circulation Element Policy 2 states that the City of Bell shall continue to work with adjacent cities to improve area -wide circulation. These will include area plans related to transit routes and stops, development of bus turnouts and shelters, signal synchronization, and arterial ro adway improvement projects. Finally, Mobility and Circulation Element Policy 4 states that the City of Bell shall continue to initiate the design and engineering of roadway improvement projects throughout the City as a means to implement the General Plan. The Engineering Department shall continue to pursue grants to rehabilitate City roadways and will strive to manage these projects so they are completed on schedule and budget. The City shall continue to implement the pavement management plan and the City’s CIP program.

As further described below, the mitigation measures included in the General Plan FEIR would no longer be applicable, as they aim to reduce level of service impacts. Since certification of the General Plan FEIR, CEQA has been revised such that delay-based metrics including level of service (and associated mitigation measures) are no longer required. Instead CEQA now requires that vehicle miles travelled (VMT) be the primary metric for evaluating transportation impacts.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-51 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum Development under the proposed Housing Element would require increased housing principally in the residential community of Bell. The General Plan EIR analyzed impacts for 3,358 residential units whereas the Housing Element update proposes 365 units, well below that of the General Plan. The location of units has been identified in the draft element and in general would be located in urbanized areas in close proximity to transit and walkable areas. Two sites have been identified in the Cheli community which is predominately industrial in nature; however, these sites are within an existing Salvation Army Oasis Gardens Apartment complex which currently has 64 units of affordable housing and could accommodate more housing. The Housing Element sees an opportunity for the City to provide more shelter for residents who want to transition to permanent housing. The General Plan updates would not substantially change traffic impacts as compared to those identified for the 2030 General Plan FEIR; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.
(b) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to a change in air traffic patterns, including either an increase in traffic levels or a change in location that results in substantial safety risks?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The adopted General Plan is not anticipated to result in the development of a new airport within the City of Bell nor will it introduce new land uses that could prevent safety hazards to air traffic. The City is located in a completely built out urban environment south of the City of Los Angeles. The entire City is 2.62 square miles and would not be able to accommodate an airport nor airstrip. Therefore, there would be no impact.

The potential for development in the proposed Housing Element would be limited in number and therefore unlikely to significantly affect flight paths or air travel. Although the Housing Element would increase the amount of housing that would be eligible for incentives such as height increases, it is unlikely that projects would exceed 200 feet in height (a threshold for consultation with the Federal Aviation Administration).

Existing FAA regulations and the ALUCPs and are intended to identify and properly address potential airport hazards prior to implementation of specific projects. The proposed General Plan updates would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the 2030 General Plan; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-52 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum (c) Do the General Plan updates r equire subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to substantially increase hazards due to a design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The General Plan FEIR found that there would not be substantially increased hazards due to a design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment). General Plan Mobility and Circulation Element Policy 7 states that the City of Bell shall require new developments to include design features to mitigate adverse impacts upon the local circulation system. All new development projects must promote and facilitate walkable streets, bus transit, bicycling, parking, efficient goods movement, and other components of the transportation syst em. Transit related improvements shall be identified as part of the conditions of approval through the design review and environmental review processes. The General Plan FEIR found impacts to be less than significant with these mitigation policies incorporated.

Development in accordance with proposed Housing Element is not anticipated to result in hazards due to design features or increase conflicts between incompatible uses. The General Plan updates would not result in changes being made to the local roadways or impede public access on any public right-of-way. Therefore, implementation of the proposed elements would not have a significant impact related to design feature hazards and would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan FEIR; no new or greater impact would occur.
(d) Do the General Plan updates r equire subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to inadequate emergency access?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The General Plan FEIR found that development would not result in inadequate emergency access. For projects of sufficient size, discretionary review of emergency access is evaluated on a project-by-project basis. Buildout will enhance the capacity of the roadway system by upgrading roadways and intersections,

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-53 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum when necessary, ensure that the future dedication and acquisitions of roadways are based on projected demand, and implement the construction of paved crossover points through medians for emergency vehicles. Impacts would be less than significant.

Under the proposed General Plan updates, the Health and Safety Element examines emergency response and evacuation plans and how they pertain to the overall General Plan. Development under the Housing Element would not substantially increase populatio n or the number of total housing units significantly impacting emergency access routes. Projects subject to the proposed General Plan Elements would be required to implement applicable regulations as well as General Plan goals and policies to reduce the risk of impaired implementation or physical interference of an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant and no new or greater impacts would occur.
(e) Do the General Plan updates r equire subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs regarding public transit, bicycle, or pedestrian facilities, or otherwise decrease the performance or safety of such facilities? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The General Plan FEIR concludes that it will not result in a conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs supporting alternative transportation (e.g., bus turnouts, bicycle racks). There are a number of goals and policies included in the draft City of Bell General Plan that will also be applicable to future development that may be directly or indirectly supported through the general plan update. Mobility and Circulation Element Policy 1 states that the City of Bell shall continue to participate in regional transportation planning efforts. The City shall participate in all regional transportation planning and development initiatives including those hosted by SCAG, Caltrans, Los Angeles County MTA, and ECO Rapid Transit.

Mobility and Circulation Element Policy 2 states that the City of Bell shall continue to work with adjacent cities to improve area -wide circulation. These will include area plans related to transit routes and stops, development of bus turnouts and shelters, signal synchronization, and arterial roadway improvement projects. Finally, Mobility and Circulation Element Policy 4 states that the City of Bell shall continue to initiate the design and engineering of roadway improvement projects throughout the City as a means to implement the General Plan. The Engineering Department shall continue to pursue g rants to rehabilitate City roadways and will strive to manage these projects so they are completed on schedule and budget. The City shall continue to implement the pavement management plan and the City’s CIP program.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-54 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum The proposed Housing Element would require increased housing principally in the residential community of Bell. Two sites have been identified in the Cheli community which is predominately industrial in nature; however, these sites are within an existing Salvation Army Oasis Gardens Apartmen t complex which currently has 64 units of affordable housing and could accommodate more housing. The Housing Element sees an opportunity for the City to provide more shelter for residents who want to transition to permanent housing. However, it would not increase the number of residential units not already analyzed in the General Plan EIR. In general, projects would likely be located in urbanized areas in close proximity to transit and walkable areas. Therefore, the development under the proposed Housing Element would not substantially change traffic impacts as compared to those identified for the 2030 General Plan FEIR; no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.16 UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS
Wastewater Treatment and Collection
(a) Do the General Plan up dates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to exceed wastewater treatment requirements of the applicable Regional Water Quality Control Board? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The City of Bell is located within the Central Basin Municipal Water District (CBMWD) which regulates groundwater pumping rights in the basin. The district charges a fee for water in excess of pumping rights, and water companies may buy or lease additional water from the CBMWD. The district's reclaimed water line extends through the City of Bell in Otis Avenue. This line was installed in 1994. The City of Bell is served by five water companies. The 2030 General Plan FEIR found existing development consumes an estimated 376,250 gallons of water on a daily basis. The future development and land uses are projected to consume 827,500 gallons of water on a daily basis. This translates into a net increased daily water consumption of 451,250 gallons. The majority o f this additional consumption is related to the increased housing development envisioned for the planning area. For larger projects, additional environmental analysis may be required to determine the nature and scope of infrastructure impacts and any requi site mitigation.

The proposed Housing Element recommends 365 units of residential housing in the City of Bell. Such an increase is well within the maximum build out of 3,358 units analyzed in the General Plan EIR. Therefore,

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-55 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum development under the Housing Element would not exceed the residential units analyzed in the entirety of the 2030 General Plan. Hence, the proposed element would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the 2030 General Plan FEIR; no new or greater impacts would occur. (b) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to the following:
(b) Would require or result in the construction of new water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects? (c) Would result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the project that is has inadequate capacity to serve the project's projected demand in addition to the provider's existing commitments?
Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The 2030 General Plan FIER found existing development generates an estimated 270,900 gallons of effluent on a daily basis. Future development and land uses analyzed in the General Plan are projected to generate 595,800 gallons of effluent on a daily basis. This translates into a net increased effluent generation of 324,900 gallons per day. As is the case with water consumption, the majority of this additional generation is related to the increased housing development envisioned for the planning area. For la rger projects, additional environmental analysis may be required to determine the nature and scope of infrastructure impacts and any requisite mitigation. Despite this, the 2030 General Plan FEIR found no significant impacts to wastewater treatment facilities.

Development under the Housing Element would likely occur in urbanized areas zoned for residential development and would be expected to connect to the existing sewer lines. The size of individual projects is anticipated to be relatively small, resulting in minor impacts to the sewer system in the vicinity of each site. Moreover, buildout under the Housing Element is 365 units, well below the 3,358 units analyzed in the General Plan EIR. Regardless, development projects would be required to comply with all applicable City and General Plan policy regulations. Therefore, the proposed Housing Element would not substantially change impacts as compared to those identified for the General Plan; n o new or greater impacts would occur.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-56 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum Water Supply and Distribution System
(c) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to the following:
(d) Would require or result in the construction of new water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects? (e) Would not have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project from existing entitlements and resources, and new and/or expanded entitlements would be needed? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The City of Bell is located within the service area of the Sanitation District’s 1, 2, and 8 of Los Angeles County (Districts 1, 2, and 8). The nearest wastewater treatment plant to the City is the Joint Water Pollution Control Plant located in Carson. This wastewater treatme nt plant (WRP) has a treatment capacity of 350 million gallons of wastewater per day and serves a population of approximately 3.5 million people. Treated wastewater is disinfected with chlorine and conveyed to the Pacific Ocean. Bell participates, with oth er communities, in the Century and Rio Hondo Water reclamation projects which delivers 22,000 acre-feet of reclaimed water per year. The reclamation projects utilize pump stations from the two largest Sanitation Districts’ Water Reclamation plants including the San Jose Creek WRP in Whittier and Los Coyotes WPR in Cerritos.

The 2030 General Plan FEIR found the 2030 General Plan’s potential to exceed or not resolve ongoing problems with wastewater treatment requirements of the applicable regional water quality control board.

It also found the Plan’s potential to require or result in the need for upgrading/expansion of existing new water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts.

Development under the proposed Housing Element does not increase development beyond what is already analyzed in the 2030 General Plan. It is unlikely to result in projects that would not have sufficient reliable water supplies availabl e to serve the project demands from existing entitlements and resources.

Developments constructed as a result of the project are likely to be located in infill areas on land previously developed with residential and served by water systems that would provide will -serve letters verifying water supply. Projects would be subject to the General Plan’s policies off -setting potential impacts.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-57 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum Therefore, development through the proposed Housing Element would not intensify impacts as compared to those identified for the 2030 General Plan; no new or greater impacts would occur.

Solid Waste
(d) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to the following:
(f) Would be served by a landfill with insufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the project's solid waste disposal needs?
(g) Would not comply with federal, state, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
Existing development generates approximately 6,020 pounds of solid waste on a daily basis. Under the 2030 General Plan, the FEIR projected future development and land uses to generate 13,240 pounds of solid waste on a daily basis, translating into a net inc rease of 7,220 pounds of solid waste on a daily basis. The majority of this additional solid waste generation is again related to the increased residential development envisioned for the planning area. For larger projects, additional environmental analysis may be required to determine the nature and scope of infrastructure impacts and any requisite mitigation. With the number of policies included in the City of Bell General Plan that would also be applicable to future development, the General Plan FEIR conc ludes that buildout would not require construction of new or expanded landfills, and impacts are found to be less than significant.

Development under the proposed Housing Element would not increase that which is anticipated under buildout of the adopted General Plan. The proposed Housing Element is unlikely to result in projects that would significantly impact landfill capacity. Inclusionary housing developments are likely to be located in areas with existing residential uses that are already served by exi sting landfills. Projects that obtain planning and building approvals would be consistent with solid waste regulations. Therefore, the proposed Housing Element would not increase impacts in comparison to those identified in the General Plan; no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-58 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum Other Utilities
(e) Do the General Plan updates require subsequent or supplemental CEQA documentation with respect to the following:
(h) Would increase demand for other public services or utilities? Yes No
New Significant Environmental Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances?
o þ
Substantial Increase in the Severity of a Previously Identified Significant Effect Caused by a Change in the Project or Circumstances ? o þ
New or Substantially More Severe Significant Impacts Shown by New Information?
o þ
Ability to Ability to Substantially Reduce a Significant Effect Shown by New Information but Declined by Proponent ?
o þ
The 2030 General Plan FEIR found future development within the planning area would involve a commitment of nonrenewable resources associated with the construction and operation of any future development. During construction, the use of building materials (e.g., aggregate, sand, cement, steel, glass) and energy resources (e.g., gasoline, diesel fuel, electricity) would be largely irreversible and irretrievable.

Energy would also be consumed in the processing of building materials and for the transport of these materials and construction workers to individual work sites. Industrial and commercial land uses generally have a life expectancy that may extend up to 50 years. The resources consumed during the normal operation of these uses will be similar to those consumed by existing development. Title 2 4 (Part 6 of the California Building Standards Code) energy conservation standards are mandatory and will be applied to development within the added areas. Vehicles used by workers and visitors will consume motor fuel; however, these activities are part of normal industrial and commercial operations and are not considered a significant or wasteful use of resources.

Development and construction through the proposed Housing Element would not increase development beyond what is already anticipated under buildo ut of the adopted General Plan. Inclusionary housing projects are likely to be located on land previously developed with residential uses and served by existing electrical utilities . The proposed updates would not intensify change impacts as compared to th ose identified for the adopted General Plan; therefore, no new or greater impacts would occur.

3.17 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
Cumulative projects are described in the Chapter 1.0, Introduction, Section 1.7, Background and Planning History.

Section 15130 of the CEQA Guidelines requires that an EIR evaluate potential environmental impacts that are individually limited but cumulatively significant. CEQA defines cumulative impacts as “two or more

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-59 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum individual effects which, when considered together, are considerable or which compound or increase other environmental impacts” ( Guidelines § 15355). “‘Cumulatively considerable’ means that the incremental effects of an individual project are significant when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects” (Guidelines § 15065(a)(3)).

The purpose of a cumulative analysis is to determine if several projects when evaluated together c ould result in a significant “cumulative” impact that would otherwise not be considered significant when projects are evaluated one at a time. If several projects considered together have the potential to result in a significant cumulative impact (that is not already identified as a significant project impact), the question becomes whether the project being analyzed would result in a “considerable” contribution to such a significant cumulative impact. Therefore, if a project results in a significant impact by itself, then its contribution to a cumulative impact is considerable. Mitigation measures that reduce project impacts would similarly reduce a project’s contribution to cumulative impacts.

Cumulative impacts occur in one of two ways: 1) impacts from one project overlap with impacts from another project, 2) the other way that cumulative impacts occur is when a resource is of value to a broader community than just the immediate project vicinity, for example, impacts to a cultural or biological resource that has more than local significance, for example state or even national significance, impacts to such a resource would be cumulative with impacts to other resources of similar significance wherever they occur in the state or across the entire US.

The proposed General Plan elements including the Housing Element currently prepared by the City of Bell would work to facilitate the development analyzed in the General Plan FEIR, with a focus on increasing housing options and affordability within the City. Although the housing ordinances have some common goals, they are not dependent on one another; each has independent utility.

The proposed Housing Element is expected to result in the development of new housing that would be generally consistent at a City-level with the overall development assumptions analyzed in the General Plan FEIR. As discussed throughout this addendum, the types of impacts that would generally be expected to occur are those that are common to housing projects, such as construction and population related effects.

The total number of units that are anticipated to be constructed as a result of the Housing Element would be well below the number evaluated in the General Plan FEIR. The General Plan FEIR analyzes impacts for 3,358 residential units, whereas the Housing Element proposes 365. The Housing Element would result in a small subset of the overall growth evaluated in the General Plan FEIR and the impacts would be less than those identified within the adopted 2030 General Plan. As such, development under the Housing Element would not result in a cumulatively considerable contribution to the impacts identified in the General Plan

3.0 Environmental Analysis
Impact Sciences, Inc. | 1335.004 3.0-60 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Updates Environmental Impact Report Addendum FEIR; rather they are part of the overall development anticipated in the General Plan and would facilitate that development rather than increasing it.

Impact Sciences, Inc. 4.0-1 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Update Final Environmental Impact Report Addendum

4.0 REFERENCES AND PREPARERS

4.1 REFERENCES
City of Bell 2030 Comprehensive General Plan Update & Bicycle Master Plan, Bell California, State Clearinghouse No. 2017121002, Certified May 9, 2018 . A vailable online at:
https://www.cityofbell.org/home/showpublisheddocument/10125/636522145820770000 and https://www.cityofbell.org/home/showpublisheddocument/11533/636625924628730000 Bell, City of Draft Bell General Plan. Section 5. Conservation, Open Space, and Recreation Element.

Administrative Draft, June 24, 2009.

California Department of Fish and Wildlife. Bios Viewer. https://apps.wildlife.ca.gov/bios/ California Department of Conservation Division of Mines and Geology Mineral Resources Program SMARA Mineral Land Classification Project. P ublications of the SMARA Mineral Land Classification Project Dealing with Mineral Resources in California. May 14, 2001.

California State Scenic Highway System Map. California Department of Transportation. Available online at:
https://caltrans.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=465dfd3d807c46cc8e8057116 f1aacaa, accessed November 17, 2021.

City of Bell 2030 Comprehensive General Pl an Update & Bicycle Master Plan, Bell California, State Clearinghouse No. 2017121002, Certified May 9, 2018 . A vailable online at:
https://www.cityofbell.org/home/showpublisheddocument/10125/636522145820770000 and https://www.cityofbell.org/home/showpublisheddocument/11533/636625924628730000 FEMA. Flood Zones, Definition/Description. http://www.fema.gov/floodplain-management/flood-zones Los Angeles County Department of Regional Planning (January 2018) Los Angeles County Affordable Housing Action Plan. http://planning.lacounty.gov/assets/upl/project/housing_la_ahap_action- plan.pdf
Los Angeles County Rents in Crisis: A Call for Action, California Housing Partnership Corporation (May 2017). Available online at: http://1p08d91kd0c03rlxhmhtydpr.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com/wp- content/uploads/2017/05/Los-Angeles-County-2017.pdf
Maxwell, C. (February 24, 2017). New Study Finds Los Angeles County Needs 551,807 Affordable Homes. https://chpc.net/resources/newsletter-new-study-finds-los-angeles-county-needs-551807- affordable-homes/
SCAG 6th Cycle Final RHNA Allocation Plan. Southern California Association of Governments. March 4, 2021. Available online at: https://scag.ca.gov/sites/main/files/file-attachments/6th-cycle-rhna- proposed-final-allocation-plan.pdf?1614023284.

South Coast Air Quality Management District. CEQA Air Quality Handbook. April 1993.

4.0 References and List of Preparers
Impact Sciences, Inc. 4.0-2 Proposed General Plan Elements December 2021 General Plan Update Final Environmental Impact Report Addendum U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Noise from Construction Equipment Operations, B uilding Equipment and Home Appliances, 1971.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Data Mapper. Available online at:
https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/data/mapper.html, accessed on August 3, 2021.

4.2 LIST OF PREPARERS
Impact Sciences, Inc., has prepared this environmental document under contract to the City of Bell. Persons directly involved in the review and preparation of this report include:

City of Bell, Community Development (Lead Agency)
Manuel Acosta, Community Development Director
Paula Kelly, Contract Planner
Megan Covarrubias, Assistant Planner

Impact Sciences, Inc.

Jessica Kirchner Flores, AICP, Managing Principal
John R. Anderson, Associate Principal
Yasmeen Hussain, Planner III
Kara Yates Hines, MPS, Publications Manager
The Arroyo Group
Phil Burns, AICP, Principal
Margaret Muñoz, Associate Planner