Findings
The FY2022-23 budget presented for adoption utilizes a carryforward of prior year fund balance for the Capital and Equipment projects to offset the budget year deficit in the General Fund at 6/30/23 of $641,264. The budget anticipates the following:
General Fund Revenue
Property tax increase of 6%
Other revenues to remain flat
No large Construction Time Limit fines are incorporated Federal American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) 2nd half of funding $251K General Fund Expenditures
Provision of 2% COLA to staff
Upgrade of office systems technology
Purchase of Skid-steer Loader for Public Works
Replacement of one police vehicle
CalPERS required Unfunded Accrued Liability (UAL) payments are calculated at 4% rate of return
Increased legal/consultant expenditures for housing element and Protect Belvedere project Transfers out to Section 115 Pension Trust and Critical Infrastructure Fund Continued deferral of one Police Officer position
Continued deferral of Lanes Initiative
FY2022-23 GENERAL FUND BUDGET SUMMARY
REVENUES
Property taxes 6,750,871
Other Taxes 363,899
Licenses and Permits 515,547
Fines and Forfeitures 2,574
Charges for Services 438,766
Investment and Rental Income 49,354
Revenue from Other Agencies 424,022
Misc. Other 37,000
Total General Fund Revenue 8,582,033
EXPENSES
General Administration 1,182,298
Planning and Building Dept. 1,395,322
Police Dept. 1,702,188
Public Works Dept. 1,384,786
Recreation 64,592
Non-Departmental 674,637
PUBLIC HEARING BELVEDERE CITY COUNCIL
JUNE 13, 2022
Total General Fund Expense 6,403,822
TRANSFERS TO OTHER FUNDS
Fire Protection 940,056
115 Pension Trust 300,000
Capital Improvement Fund 561,500
Critical Infrastructure Fund 600,000
Equipment Replacement Fund 156,000
Road Impact Fee Fund 19,250
Pension-related Debt Obligation Fund 242,669
Total Transfers from General Fund 2,819,475
Total General Fund Expense and Transfers 9,223,297
Net General Fund Surplus (Deficit) (641,264)
General Fund Reserve and Five-Year Forecast
The City will start the upcoming fiscal year with an anticipated General Fund balance of $4.74 million. If fiscal year activity (revenue and expenditures) occurs exactly as forecasted, the General Fund balance at the end of FY2022-23 will be $4.10 million.
The Council has established a policy of maintaining a General Fund Reserve equal to 50% of projected General Fund expenditures plus the Fire Fund transfer, plus the amount for Pensionrelated Debt Service payments. If revenues are received and funds expended as anticipated in the FY2022-23 budget, the reserve policy goal of $3,953,958 will be exceeded.
FY23/24 GF Expenses + Fire Transfer + Pension Debt $ 7,907,917 General Fund Reserve Policy 50% 3,953,958
Projected General Fund Balance 6/30/23 52% 4,102,346
Over/(Under) Policy $ 148,388
Other Fund Activity
Fire Fund
Revenue generated from the fire tax will be $1,061,453. Payments to the Tiburon Fire Protection District, plus fire-related expenses are estimated to be $2,001,509 in FY2022-23. A General Fund transfer of $940,056 is included in the budget to fully fund the contract with TFPD. 115 Pension Trust
PUBLIC HEARING BELVEDERE CITY COUNCIL
JUNE 13, 2022
$300,000 will be transferred in from the General Fund to set aside an appropriate level of funds to fully fund accrued pension obligations at a more prudential rate.
Capital Improvement Projects
Capital Improvement & Road Impact Fee expenditures in FY2022-23 total $987,500. Of this total, $355,000 has been allocated to repair and maintain City streets. Feasibility-level design work, environmental analysis and legal support, and other consultant assistance on the Beach Road/San Rafael Avenue Levee Stabilization amounts to $145,000. Other infrastructure improvements include the evaluation of Beach Road retaining walls; enhancement of wooden retaining walls; emergency drainage repairs; and corrugated metal pipe replacement totaling $82,000.
The Lanes projects include maintenance and minor repairs, lane design and engineering as well as work on the Park Lane Stairs and Hawthorn Lane Stairs for $90,000 that also utilize Measure AA & Measure B Transportation funding.
Parks and Open Space projects include San Rafael Ave seawall mulch and the repair and refurbishment of the Community Park basketball courts for $25,000.
The budget allocates $22,000 toward Community Buildings for selected painting of City Hall/Community Center and City Hall ADA. Miscellaneous projects include funds for the Sidewalk Repair Program, Evacuation Assessment and Radio Purchase, San Rafael Ave and City Hall Safety Improvements, and other maintenance and improvements totaling $268,500.
Critical Infrastructure Fund
$600,000 will be transferred to the Critical Infrastructure Fund. These funds will be made available to provide resources for potential future seawall and levee maintenance projects at Beach Road and San Rafael Avenue – for both planned and emergency repair projects.
Equipment Replacement Fund
The FY2022-23 Equipment Replacement Fund includes $30,000 for ongoing technology and other equipment needs at City Hall, plus $37,000 for office system technology upgrades; $30,000 for a Skid-steer Loader for Public Works and $60,000 for the replacement of one police vehicle.
Pension-Related Debt Obligation Fund
$242,669 will be transferred in from the General Fund to make the debt service payments for the 2017 restructuring of the City’s unfunded pension liability.
Fiscal Impact
Recommended revenues in all funds total $10.05 million and expenditures from all funds total $9.79 million, as the budget is currently proposed, it is anticipated the City will end FY2022-23 with total reserves in all funds of $7.26 million, of which $4.10 million is General Fund Reserve.
PUBLIC HEARING BELVEDERE CITY COUNCIL
JUNE 13, 2022
Recommendation
1. Conduct the Public Hearing.
2. Adopt the attached Resolution appropriating funds necessary for FY2022-23.
Attachments
1. Resolution
2. Proposed Annual Operating Budget
CITY OF BELVEDERE
RESOLUTION NO. 2022-XX
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BELVEDERE
ADOPTING THE ANNUAL OPERATING BUDGET AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS FOR EXPENDITURE FOR THE FISCAL YEAR 2022-2023
________________________________________________________________________ WHEREAS, an annual budget for the City of Belvedere has been fully prepared for Fiscal Year 2022-2023 as presented to the City Council pursuant to Section 2.04.170 of the Belvedere Municipal Code; and
WHEREAS, on June 13, 2022, the City Council of the City of Belvedere held a public hearing on the recommended Fiscal Year 2022-2023 budget as presented by the City Manager.
NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED, by the City Council of the City of Belvedere as follows:
SECTION 1. The City Council hereby identifies and authorizes a total estimated operations and capital improvement budget of $9,792,500 and appropriates said money from the various funds to each account set forth in said budget. The City Manager is authorized and empowered to expend such sum for the purpose of such account.
SECTION 2. The City Council finds and determines that the City’s proposed budget for Fiscal Year 2022-2023 is in compliance with the City’s appropriations limitation, and hereby approves this budget in its entirety, text and amounts, as the Annual Budget for the City of Belvedere for Fiscal Year 2022-2023, commencing July 1, 2022 and ending June 30, 2023.
PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the Belvedere City Council on June 13, 2022, by the following vote:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTAIN:
APPROVED: ______________________________
Sally Wilkinson, Mayor
ATTEST:_______________________________
Beth Haener, City Clerk
Attachment 1
City of Belvedere
Annual Operating & Capital
Budget Fiscal Year 2022-2023
Attachment 2
City of Belvedere
Annual Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
City Council
Sally Wilkinson, Mayor
James Campbell, Councilmember
Nancy Kemnitzer, Councilmember
James Lynch, Councilmember
Peter Mark, Councilmember
Prepared By
Craig Middleton, City Manager
Helga Cotter, Administrative Services Director
Preliminary – Public Hearing – June 13, 2022
Introduction
City Manager’s Budget Message .................................................................................................................1 City Profile and Map ..................................................................................................................................12 City-Wide Organizational Chart .................................................................................................................13 Budget Calendar.........................................................................................................................................14 Distinguished Budget Presentation Award................................................................................................15 Budget Summaries
Budget Overview........................................................................................................................................17 Chart of Revenues & Appropriations.........................................................................................................18 Schedule of Interfund Transfers ................................................................................................................20 Revenue History – All Funds ......................................................................................................................21 Expenditure History – All Funds .................................................................................................................25 City-Wide Salary & Benefit Information
Salary Chart with Position Allocations .......................................................................................................28 Citywide Salary & Benefit History ..............................................................................................................29 Operating Expenditures
General Administration Department .........................................................................................................31 Planning & Building Department ...............................................................................................................32 Police Department .....................................................................................................................................33 Public Works Department ..........................................................................................................................35 Recreation “The Ranch” Department........................................................................................................37 Non-Departmental .....................................................................................................................................38 Restricted Funds – Operating (includes Fire) .............................................................................................39 Capital Expenditures
Capital Improvements (Current Year)
• Sources of Funds ...........................................................................................................................41 • Capital Expenditures .....................................................................................................................42 • Restricted Funds – Capital ............................................................................................................44 Capital Plan (Five Year)
• Expenditure Plan ..........................................................................................................................45 • Capital Project Sheets ...................................................................................................................47 Five Year Forecast
Five Year Revenue Projections ...................................................................................................................79 Five Year Expenditure Projections .............................................................................................................80 Five Year General Fund Reserve Projection ...............................................................................................81 Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
Five Year Forecast (Continued)
Five Year Fund Balance Projections
• Fiscal Year 2022/2023 ...................................................................................................................82 • Fiscal Year 2023/2024 ...................................................................................................................83 • Fiscal Year 2024/2025 ...................................................................................................................84 • Fiscal Year 2025/2026 ...................................................................................................................85 • Fiscal Year 2026/2027 ...................................................................................................................86 Appendix
Annual Appropriations Limit ...................................................................................................................A-1 Finance Policies........................................................................................................................................A-3 Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
Introduction
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
CITY OF BELVEDERE
Budget Message
Fiscal Year 2022-2023
June 13, 2022
TO THE HONORABLE MAYOR WILKINSON AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY
COUNCIL
I am pleased to present the budget for Fiscal Year 2022-23, the year beginning July 1, 2022.
The budget includes an Operating Budget, a Capital Improvement Plan and Budget, and a Five-Year forecast of revenues and expenditures. In general, Management has taken a conservative approach to forecasting while still presenting a FY2022-23 budget that meets the City’s operational needs and reserve policy.
To build up the City’s reserves, particularly those related to critical infrastructure needs that are essential and imminent, significant funds are transferred to a Critical Infrastructure Reserve Fund. To ensure continued progress in reserving against future pension costs, an investment is being made over the current years to the Section 115 Pension Fund. The budget also meets the general reserve target that indicates a balanced budget, and projects balanced budgets for each of the next five years.
PENSION IMPACTS
As part of the FY2021-22 budget process the City evaluated and established a strategy to improve the fiscal situation of its pension obligations. The City ultimately decided to bolster its pension reserves by calculating an annual reserve amount based on a lower projected rate of return than is employed by CalPERS, and by establishing a Section 115 Trust into which annual payments will be made. These reserved funds are available for pension-related expenses only. Further, the City seeded the fund with $1.5M. If adopted, this budget would allocate an additional $300,000 in FY2022-23 to the Section 115 Trust for this purpose as well as the next three years. These actions will help to ensure that ever-growing pension-related expenses will not crowd out important City funding priorities in the future.
KEY PRIORITIES:
The budget is, in essence, a reflection of priorities. In addition to providing adequate funding for City operations and maintenance, the budget includes a number of significant capital projects that advance priorities established at City Council retreats and through the work of citizens’ committees.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 1
Protecting our City - Our People and Our Community Assets • Support a full-service police department, fire protection and emergency services. • Increase our level of preparation for fire events by supporting additional Chipper Days; funding removal of flammable vegetation on city properties; and improving evacuation routes, procedures and related technology.
• Design project to enhance seawalls, levees and key utilities, and ensure emergency access. Complete Environmental Impact Report and permitting. Plan for a construction start in Fall 2023, assuming funding is available. Continue to fund a reserve for the project. (the budget allocates an additional $600,000). • Continue to invest in street upgrades and repairs. Improve pedestrian safety by completing sidewalk improvements at Lagoon Road and San Rafael Avenue and establishing safer crossings near City Hall.
• Increase support of the Richardson’s Bay Regional Agency in its work to establish a well-regulated bay environment.
Improving Quality of Life – Lanes, Parks, Traffic Reduction, Public Infrastructure
• Continue to support the “Yellow Bus” school bus program, which has proven successful in reducing traffic during certain peak periods throughout the school year.
• Improve public accessibility and functionality of City Hall and the Community Center.
• Enhance the capacity of the Community Center and Founder’s Room to serve the public as a re-charging station, information hub, and gathering center during planned power shutoffs in fire season.
Planning for Belvedere’s Future
• Complete a new Housing Element to the General Plan and engage the community in its development.
• Guide the design process for redevelopment of Mallard Pointe. • Adopt an updated Climate Action Plan.
• Complete planning, permitting and environmental analysis on Protect Belvedere project, which is intended to strengthen the City’s infrastructure to protect it against the impacts of earthquake, storms and sea level rise.
DEPARTMENT GOALS
In furtherance of the above priority initiatives, and to guide work during the year, City departments have established the following goals and objectives.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 2
ADMINISTRATION
• Prepare to administer real property transfer tax, if approved by voters, in order to develop funding for supporting critical infrastructure upgrades. • Upgrade the City’s computers and networks to provide the most up-to-date protection against cyber-crimes.
• Complete the process of regularizing the City’s Citizens Committees and Commissions; ensure that committee charters are implemented. • Perfect cost recovery system for Planning and Building department. • Implement the goals and objectives of the City Council as cost effectively as possible.
• Encourage a strong sense of fiscal and ethical responsibility in the organization. • Produce financial reporting that is transparent, accurate, and timely. • Provide quality customer service to the community and continuously strive to improve public access, public information, and public communication.
PLANNING AND BUILDING
• Finalize Climate Action Plan (CAP) and bring it to Council for consideration. • Continue the process of updating the City of Belvedere Housing & Safety Element for adoption in early 2023.
• Complete for formal adoption the Objective Design & Development Standards (ODDS) for multi-family housing projects, utilizing funds awarded through the SB2 planning grant (awarded $160,000).
• Complete for formal adoption the subdivision and zoning requirements for SB9 properties.
• Review and implement improvements to Design Review and Zoning Ordinances. • Continue to work with the Public Works Department to develop administrative policies regarding work in the public right-of-way, such as sidewalk installation standards, utility equipment, ADA compliance, landscape maintenance and responsibility, view issues, driver and pedestrian sight line issues, roadway obstructions, and revocable license standards.
• Work on developing a process to examine/screen structures for potential historic resources when a building is at least 50 years of age and is proposed for a major remodel or demolition. Determine whether there are benefits in becoming a Certified Local Government (CLG).
• Work to enhance communication and permit processing timeline goals and explore opportunities for more efficient computer database information applications. • Continue to provide permit applicants, contractors, architects, engineers and property owners with resource referrals and education on the California Building Standards Codes and other State and Local requirements.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 3
• Continue work on information and application process for joining the Community Rating System (CRS) program administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
• Adopt new building code standards at the end of the year. • Continue to implement and improve on policies and procedures for cost recovery. • Work with the Construction Impacts Committee to review potential construction impacts from projects and determine whether additional mitigation measures can be put in place to lessen impacts from construction.
• Continue discussions with Belvedere Land Company for redevelopment of the structure that burned at the corner of Beach/Cove and Barn Roads. Continue discussions with the Belvedere Land Company and the Town of Tiburon on possible annexation at the Boardwalk Shopping Center and possible redevelopment of the area.
POLICE
Ongoing Goals:
• Maintain the city’s very low crime rate with proactive patrol and citizen education. • Work in concert with other city departments to meet overall goals and objectives. • Strive to help improve the quality of life and safety within the city. • Aggressively work to prepare the City and its citizens to be ready in case of a disaster.
• Participate in community events to enhance relationships with the citizens of Belvedere.
Near-Term Goals:
• Continuous recruitment to fill vacant positions in the department. • Stay abreast of current law enforcement trends by participating in the training of Police Department personnel. Local training with allied agencies will keep training costs down.
• Participate in the annual county-wide disaster exercise that includes working in conjunction with all Belvedere and Tiburon City staff to improve disaster response. • Participate in Public Safety Fairs and School Events as the opportunity arises. • Help to lead Block Captain training exercises that educate and prepare the community for response during a disaster.
PUBLIC WORKS
• Plan, design, and engineer the Protect Belvedere Project. • Through the Disaster Council, oversee development of a community-wide evacuation program, including staff and resident training events.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 4
• Provide support to Construction Impacts Committee and implement Councilapproved initiatives. • Implement Fire Department and Public Works Annual Fire Risk Reduction Program focused on removal of hazardous trees and vegetation. • Oversee an aggressive 5-year Pavement Management Program. • Administer third and final phase of the Sidewalk Repair Program.
THE BUDGET
The City’s finances are segregated into a number of funds, as a way of ensuring that assets designated for a specific purpose are spent as intended. The Budget is constructed to mirror the financial reporting system.
In addition to current year activity, the Budget projects revenues and expenditures for each fund for the next five years and forecasts capital projects to be undertaken during that same time period.
GENERAL FUND
The General Fund is the chief operating fund for the City, receiving and disbursing all revenue that is not required to be accounted for separately. The General Fund budget includes funding for departmental operations, as well as transfers to the Fire Fund, Capital Projects Fund, Equipment Replacement Fund and Pension Reserve and Pension-related Debt Fund.
General Fund Revenue Projections
The City depends primarily on property tax revenue to fund department operations. Thanks to a robust real estate market and a steady stream of renovation projects, the assessed value of real property in Belvedere, and resultant property tax revenue, continues to rise. The Budget projects an increase in secured property tax revenue of 6% over the prior year actual amount, based on projections from the County of Marin Tax Assessor’s Office. Other General Fund revenues are projected to achieve 98%-100% of the FY2021-22 estimated actual receipts.
The City received $251,661 from the Federal American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) funds to help mitigate the negative economic impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic in FY2020-21 and expects to receive another $251,661 in FY2022-23. Qualified uses for the ARPA funds were identified at the November 8, 2021 Council meeting. The funds in FY2022-23 will be used to cover a portion of the Public Safety payroll.
The FY2022-23 General Fund budget anticipates total revenue in the amount of $8,582,033, a 4.7% increase over what is projected for the current fiscal year. This increase Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 5
is primarily due to the projected 6.0% increase in property tax revenue, combined with relatively flat general fund revenues other than property tax.
General Fund Revenue History
General Fund Expenditures
In addition to anticipated increases in the cost of goods and services, memberships in various JPAs, and contracts for services, the budget incorporates the following:
• Continue deferral of one Police Officer position through FY2023-24 (approximately $190,000 savings).
• Provide a 2% COLA to staff.
• CalPERS required Unfunded Accrued Liability (UAL) payments are calculated at 4% rate of return.
• Increase consultant/legal expenditures to support housing element and the Protect Belvedere project.
• Upgrade office system technology – cost of $37,000. Includes server consolidation and updating; on-site data backup; and replacement of several staff computers.
Updates are required to meet the new cyber security policy requirements; upgrades will reduce costs and increase the stability of the City’s technology. • Purchase Skid-Steer Loader – cost of $30,000. Will assist Public Works staff in slide cleanup/fence post install/forklift/general loading and unloading for various projects.
• Replace one police vehicle – cost of $60,000. Replace oldest vehicle in fleet with an electric vehicle, which will reduce fuel cost and carbon footprint. • Continue deferral of the Lanes Initiative. Prior to the pandemic, this program was designed to improve lanes by matching $100,000 in annual City funds with $200,000 in private fundraising.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 6
• Contribute $300,000 per year to the 115 Pension Trust Fund through a transfer from the General Fund for each of the next four years.
• Contribute $600,000 to the Critical Infrastructure Reserve Fund from the General Fund.
General Fund Transfers
In FY2022-23, $940,056 will be transferred from the General Fund to the Fire Fund, combined with estimated Fire Tax revenue of $1,061,453, and paid to Tiburon Fire Protection District to provide fire protection services in Belvedere. $561,500 will be transferred to the Capital Improvement Fund to pay for a variety of important capital projects. $156,000 will be transferred to the Equipment Replacement Fund for routine equipment needs, such as computers and other office equipment, plus the purchase of a Skid-Steer Loader for Public Works and the replacement of one police vehicle.
The FY2022-23 General Fund budget anticipates total expenses in the amount of $6,403,822 as well as transfers out of $2,819,474. The budget forecasts a deficit at yearend of $641,264.
Preliminary FY2022-23 General Fund (GF) Budget
Revenues $ 8,582,033
Expenses (6,403,822)
Transfers Out
Fire Fund (940,056)
Insurance Fund -
115 Pension Trust Fund (300,000)
Capital Projects (561,500)
Road Impact Fee Fund (19,250)
Equipment Replacement (156,000)
Pension-related Debt Obligation (242,669)
Critical Infrastructure Fund (600,000)
Total Transfers Out (2,819,474)
Expenses plus Transfers Out (9,223,297)
Surplus/(Deficit) $ (641,264)
General Fund Reserve
The Council has established a policy of maintaining a General Fund Reserve equal to 50% of projected General Fund expenditures plus the Fire Fund transfer, plus the amount of Pension-related Debt Service payments. If revenues are received and funds expended as anticipated in the FY2022-23 budget, the reserve policy goal of $3,953,958 will be exceeded.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 7
FY23/24 GF Expenses + Fire Transfer +
Pension-related Debt Service payment $ 7,907,917
General Fund Reserve Policy 50% 3,953,958
Projected General Fund Balance 6/30/23 52% 4,102,346
Over/(Under) Policy $ 148,388
OTHER FUNDS
The City has other funds, including other operating funds, capital funds, debt service funds, and special reserve funds.
Fire Fund – Other Operating (130)
This fund accounts for revenue levied by the City’s special fire tax, and expenditures by the City to provide fire protection and emergency medical services to the City’s residents.
Funds from the General Fund are transferred to the Fire Fund annually to balance the fund.
Capital Improvement Fund – Capital (900)
This is the primary Capital Fund for the City and is utilized to account for capital activities with one-time and multiple funding sources. Within the fund, each capital project is accounted for separately. Revenues are in the form of grants with specific expenditure requirements. General Fund transfers are made to this fund to provide local matching funds on grant-funded projects, and to fund capital projects without designated revenue sources.
Road Impact Fee Fund – Capital (901)
This fund is part of the City’s Capital Funds group, and accounts for road impact fees collected on building permits and expended on capital activities related to improving the City’s roads.
Measure A Parks Fund – Capital (902)
This fund is part of the City’s Capital Funds group and is used to track County of Marin Measure A Parks revenue and expenditures. Measure A helps cities, towns, and special districts maintain parks, open space, and recreational programming.
Critical Infrastructure Fund – Capital (903)
The Critical Infrastructure Reserve is available to provide resources for a potential future seawall and levee maintenance projects at Beach Road and San Rafael Avenue – for both planned and emergency repair projects. The reserve is designed to reduce the City’s future needs for borrowing or bonding on these projects and could also be used as required grant matching funds. If these projects do not come to fruition, these funds would be returned to the General Fund.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 8
Equipment Replacement Fund - Capital (210)
This fund is part of the City’s Capital Funds group. The purpose of this fund is to provide vehicles and equipment for the City’s operational needs. Equipment lease payments for large equipment are also tracked in this fund. Proceeds from the sale of surplus property are credited to this fund, with the remainder of the expenditures supported by a General Fund transfer.
Pension-Related Debt Fund – Debt Service (500)
This Fund accounts for debt service payments on the lease-leaseback arrangement on the City’s Corporation Yard and adjacent property. This lease arrangement was entered into in August 2017 as a means of restructuring some of the City’s unfunded pension liability with CalPERS. This is the City’s only debt, and the debt service payments are funded by transfers from the General Fund.
Insurance Reserve Fund – Special Reserve (160)
This Fund is designed to cover claims and deductibles related to property and casualty insurance claims. Funds are transferred from the General Fund to ensure this fund continues to meet its target goal of $50,000 to $100,000. 115 Pension Trust Fund – Special Reserve (115)
The purpose of the 115 Pension Trust is to set aside an appropriate level of funds to fully fund accrued pension obligations at a more prudential rate. City Council approval is required for use of accumulated funds in the 115 Pension Trust to CalPERS as an additional discretionary payment or to offset a portion of the actuarially determined contribution.
CAPITAL PROJECTS
Capital expenditures are defined as projects that address the building, upgrade or replacement of the City’s infrastructure. Maintaining and improving the infrastructure is a key component of the viability of the City. The Public Works Department manages all of the capital projects in the City. Capital projects often cross fiscal years due to the timing of design, bid, award and construction.
Each year, the City budgets for capital projects that improve existing infrastructure, repair and replace aging facilities, meet regulatory requirements, preserve property values, and enhance the quality of life for Belvedere residents. With limited resources and a long list of needs, projects must be chosen carefully. Large projects must be planned for over a period of years. It is worth noting that, in recent years, utility undergrounding projects have required extensive staff management and are funded primarily through assessments on residents. Some capital projects have been delayed because of limited project management capacity; most of these projects will commence this fiscal year and will be funded with unspent money that is carried into the coming fiscal year.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 9
The primary focus of this year’s capital budget is in two areas:
• Road maintenance: pavement repairs, crack sealing, traffic marking, slurry seal, and other road stabilization projects.
• Beach Road/San Rafael Ave Levee Stabilization: feasibility-level design work, environmental analysis and legal support, and other consultant assistance.
FUTURE PROJECTS & FUNDING CONSTRAINTS
There are a number of projects and challenges that may need to be addressed during the course of FY2022-23 or within the next few years. In many cases, there are needs for which funding has not been identified.
The City is engaged in the development of a project to provide seismic protection, flood prevention, and assured emergency vehicle access to all parts of Belvedere. This project will require financial resources that are beyond what can be allocated through the City’s budget. A financing strategy has been crafted to develop general funds that could be used to support this project but would require voter approval.
A noticeable shifting of the Beach Road seawall in 2019 caused the City to spend nearly $500,000 to stabilize the wall by installing sheet piles to support a vulnerable portion of it.
Given the time that may be needed to develop and fund the more comprehensive seawall/levee/utility protection project, the City may need to fund other such emergency fixes to the Beach Road seawall. The prior year budget established a Critical Infrastructure Reserve fund and set aside $400,000, and an additional $600,000 is being allocated to this reserve fund as part of the FY2022-23 budget that can be used to repair the seawall, or to reduce future borrowing on a larger project. It is possible that a more expensive fix could be needed, depending on conditions over the next few years.
Additional projects for which funding has not yet been identified include:
• Sustainability Plan implementation (Sustainable Fleet, LED lighting, etc.) • Belvedere Island Emergency Evacuation Plan—possible roadway adjustments • Utility Undergrounding along West Shore Road and Lagoon Road • Retaining Walls and Hillside Stability Projects (Belvedere Island and Corinthian Island)
• Urban Tree Maintenance Program (to evaluate all public trees and budget for annual maintenance)
• Workforce Housing
• Police Department building upgrades
• Police Officer (deferred)
• Lanes Initiative projects (deferred)
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 10
FIVE-YEAR FORECAST AND FUND BALANCE SUMMARY
The five-year forecast makes the following assumptions in years two through five: a gradual increase in property tax revenue from 4.5% to 5% over the period, an increase from
3.50% to 4.50% in overall in department operating expenses, a 6% annual increase in the cost of fire protection, and capital costs as outlined in the five-year capital improvement plan. It is projected that the 50% reserve policy goal will be met at the end of the forecast period.
CONCLUSION
The FY2022-23 Budget maintains essential staffing levels and allocates resources necessary to ensure the health and safety of Belvedere residents, protect the City’s assets, and provide the resources to operate and maintain the City. As with any financial planning tool, the Budget makes assumptions that may need to be adjusted over time, as new information becomes available or the Council adopts new priorities. Management will closely monitor revenues and manage resources throughout the year and will update the Council at regular intervals.
It has been my pleasure to work with a talented City staff to produce this Budget. In particular, I want to thank the City’s Administrative Services Director, Helga Cotter, for her efforts. I look forward to working with the City Council in the coming year to ensure that Belvedere continues to thrive as a unique and beautiful place treasured by its residents.
Respectfully,
Craig Middleton
City Manager
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 11
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
City of Belvedere ‐ Profile
City Overview
The City of Belvedere (the “City”) was incorporated in 1896. Belvedere is a General Law City, serving a population of just over 2,000. The City is approximately 4 miles north of San Francisco, in Marin County, California. Consisting of two islands and a lagoon, the City is connected to the Tiburon Peninsula by two causeways.
The City is completely built out with single‐family homes and approximately 100 rental units. The terrain is predominantly hilly and lush. Some residences were designed by famous architects and are considered historically significant. There are spectacular views of San Francisco, Angel Island, the Golden Gate Bridge, Sausalito, and Mt. Tamalpais.
Municipal Government
The City operates under a Council‐Manager form of government, whereby policies of the City Council are administered by a City Manager who is appointed by the City Council. All municipal departments operate under the supervision of the City Manager. The Council consists of five members who are elected at large for 4‐year overlapping terms. The Council elects one of the Council members to serve as Mayor each year. The City provides the following services: police, public works, planning and building, and general administration services. The City contracts with the Tiburon Fire Protection District to provide fire and emergency medical services. The City also shares library and recreation services with the neighboring town of Tiburon, with Joint Powers Agreements in place for both types of services.
Marin County
City of Belvedere
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 12
Tiburon Fire
Protection District
Contract for Services
Administrative
Services Director
Helga Cotter
Police Officers
Jeremy Clark, Brandon Novotny,
Caitlin Cullen
(1 deferred vacancy)
Building & Planning
Technician
Nancy Miller
Senior
Planner
Vacant
Director of
Planning & Building
Irene Borba
Police Chief
Jason Wu
Building Official
Brian Van Son
Building
Inspector II
Genaro Muniz
Mgmt Analyst/
City Clerk
Beth Haener
IT Coordinator
SPTJ Consulting
Contract for
Services
Police Sergeants
Tom Sabido
Andrew Rosas
City Engineer
Moe Engineering
Contract for Services
Director of Public
Works/Emergency
Services Manager
Robert Zadnik
Maintenance
Supervisor
Gerhard Laufer
Maintenance
Workers II
Alberto Carranza
Vacant
Public Safety Planning & Building Administration Public Works City Attorney
Renne Public Law Group
Contract for Services City Manager
Craig Middleton
Belvedere Residents
City Council
Sally Wilkinson, Mayor
City Councilors: James Campbell, Nancy Kemnitzer, James Lynch, Peter Mark Office Coordinator
Christina Cook
Associate
Engineer
Chris Barry
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 13
March ➢ Finance Department distributes preliminary budget documents to Department Heads
April
➢ Operating & Capital budgets due to Finance Department ➢ City Manager review begins
➢ Finance Committee meets to review and discuss Preliminary Budget
May ➢ Preliminary Operating & Capital Budget presented to City Council
June
➢ Budget adopted following Public Hearing at City Council Meeting
➢ Finance Department implements adopted Budget
July ➢ Budget is monitored internally through monthly financial statements to City Manager and Department Heads
February ➢ Mid-year budget review is presented to City Council Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 14
Government Finance Officers Association of the United States and Canada (GFOA) presented a Distinguished Budget Presentation Award to the City of Belvedere, California, for its Annual Budget for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2021. In order to receive this award, a governmental unit must publish a budget document that meets program criteria as a policy document, as a financial plan, as an operations guide, and as a communications device.
This award is valid for a period of one year only. We believe our current budget continues to conform to program requirements, and we are submitting it to GFOA to determine its eligibility for another award.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 15
Budget Summaries
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 16
Budget Overview City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022‐2023
OPERATING
Operating Revenues
General Fund Revenues $ 8,582,033
Fire Fund Revenues $ 1,061,453
Total Operating Revenues 9,643,486 $
Operating Expenses
City Operations $ 6,403,822
Fire Contract $ 2,001,509
Debt Payments (Pension‐related) $ 242,669
Legal Damages/Settlements $ ‐
Total Operating Expenses 8,648,000 $
Other Deductions from Operating Funds
Contribution to 115 Pension Trust $ 300,000
Contribution to Critical Infrastructure Reserve $ 600,000 Adjusted Net Operating Revenue 95,486 $
CAPITAL
Capital Revenues
Capital Funds Available for Current Year Projects $ 406,750 Restricted Funds $ 1,000
Total Capital Revenues 407,750 $
Other Capital Funding Sources
From Net Operating Revenues $ ‐
Prior Year Excess Reserves $ 736,750
Total Other Sources 736,750 $
Total Revenue to Support Capital Projects 1,144,500 $
Capital Project Expenditures
Capital Projects $ 987,500
Equipment Replacement $ 157,000
Total Capital Project Expenditures 1,144,500 $
FUND RESERVES
Fund Balances ‐ Projected at June 30, 2023
General Fund Reserve $ 4,102,346
Insurance Reserve Fund $ 57,329
115 Pension Trust $ 2,101,913
Road Impact Fund $ ‐
Critical Infrastructure Fund $ 1,000,000
Total City Funds $ 7,261,588
FY23/24 Projected GF Expense + Fire Transfer + Pension Debt 7,90 $ 7,917 General Fund Reserve Policy Goal $ 3,953,958
Projected General Fund Balance $ 4,102,346
Reserve Funds Over/(Under) Policy $ 148,388
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 17
Chart of Revenues and Appropriations City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Operating Funds
Capital Funds
Restricted Funds
REVENUE SPLITS:
Total Revenues
$10,051,235
9,643,485
406,750
1,000
10,051,235
Property Taxes
67%
Fire
Fund
11%
Capital
Funds
4%
Licenses
5%
Non‐Property Taxes
4%
Service Charges
4%
Other
5%
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 18
Chart of Revenues and Appropriations City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Operating Funds
Capital Projects
8,648,000
1,144,500
9,792,500
APPROPRIATIONS SPLITS:
Total Appropriations
$9,792,500
Police
Department
17%
Fire
Protection
20%
Public Works
14%
Planning & Building
14%
Capital
10%
General
Administration
12%
Non Departmental
7%
Pension‐
Related
Debt
3%
Community
Center
1%
Other
2%
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 19
Schedule of Interfund Transfers City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
TRANSFERS IN TRANSFERS OUT
100 General Fund $ 940,056 1
100 General Fund 300,000 2
100 General Fund 242,669 3
100 General Fund 19,250
100 General Fund 561,500 4
100 General Fund 600,000 5
100 General Fund 156,000 6
130 Fire Fund 940,056 1
100 115 Pension Trust 300,000 2
500 Pension‐related Debt Obligation Fund 242,669 3 900 Capital Improvement Fund 561,500 4
902 Road Impact Fee Fund 19,250
903 Critical Infrastructure Fund 600,000 5 210 Equipment Replacement Fund 156,000 6
Total $ 2,819,474 $ 2,819,474
1 Fire expenditures not funded by Parcel Tax.
2 Annual transfer from General Fund to 115 Pension Trust Fund. 3 Pension‐related debt service payments.
4 CIP expenditures not funded by other revenue sources. 5 Planned transfer from General Fund to Critical Infrastructure Fund 6 Equipment Replacement expenditures not funded by other sources.
FUND
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 20
Revenue History ‐ All Funds City of Belvedere Operating and Capital Budget Fiscal Year 2022/2023
FUND/ACTIVITY
FY18/19
ACTUAL
REVENUES
FY19/20
ACTUAL
REVENUES
FY20/21
ACTUAL
REVENUES
FY21/22
ESTIMATED
REVENUES
FY22/23
RECOMMENDED
BUDGET
OPERATING REVENUE
GENERAL FUND
Property Taxes:Current Secured $4,657,434 $4,848,606 $5,085,230 $5,210,242 $5,677,521 Supplemental Assessments 104,431 105,830 103,627 99,000 104,395Unsecured 89,828 99,495 101,749 105,811 99,000Excess ERAF 490,139 491,186 569,394 500,000 490,000VLF Swap 259,935 277,014 288,627 303,372 297,305Real Property Transfer 112,324 56,828 184,182 152,839 82,650 Subtotal $5,714,091 $5,878,959 $6,332,809 $6,371,264 $6,750,871 % Change over prior year 8.3% 2.9% 7.7% 0.6% 6.0%
Local Non‐Property Taxes:Sales Taxes $106,363 $70,565 $77,606 $98,969 $98,969Sales Taxes ‐ SB509 19,663 19,319 20,029 23,685 23,685Business Licenses 68,611 72,352 61,766 53,745 53,745PG&E Franchise 29,451 32,803 35,322 38,131 35,000CATV Franchise 61,000 66,904 54,725 67,500 67,500Garbage Franchise 80,861 89,894 95,729 85,000 85,000 Subtotal $365,949 $351,837 $345,177 $367,030 $363,899 % Change over prior year ‐5.8% ‐3.9% ‐1.9% 6.3% ‐0.9%
Licenses & Permits:Construction Permits $384,069 $478,274 $407,555 $400,000 $400,000Encroachment Permits 61,114 45,667 62,449 96,140 96,140Revocable Licenses 6,664 6,664 3,972 1,338 1,338Parking Permits 5,360 7,260 1,750 2,775 2,775Miscellaneous Licenses and Permits 1,666 1,261 7,605 15,294 15,294 Subtotal $458,873 $539,126 $483,331 $515,547 $515,547 % Change over prior year ‐21.6% 17.5% ‐10.3% 6.7% 0.0%
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 21
Revenue History ‐ All Funds City of Belvedere Operating and Capital Budget Fiscal Year 2022/2023
FUND/ACTIVITY
FY18/19
ACTUAL
REVENUES
FY19/20
ACTUAL
REVENUES
FY20/21
ACTUAL
REVENUES
FY21/22
ESTIMATED
REVENUES
FY22/23
RECOMMENDED
BUDGET
Fines & Forfeitures:Vehicle Code Fines $8,582 $7,416 $764 $1,074 $1,074Planning & Building Penalties 25,054 29,000 100 1,500 1,500 Subtotal $33,636 $36,416 $864 $2,574 $2,574 % Change over prior year ‐78.0% 8.3% ‐97.6% 197.9% 0.0% Investments & Property:Investments $98,805 $91,816 $31,984 $25,000 $30,000Rent 14,561 43,517 72,084 19,354 19,354 Subtotal $113,366 $135,333 $104,068 $44,354 $49,354 % Change over prior year 34.7% 19.4% ‐23.1% ‐57.4% 11.3% Revenue From Other Agencies:Motor Vehicle In Lieu $1,025 $0 $0 $900 $900HOPTR 21,960 22,073 21,788 21,585 21,461Supplemental Law Enforcement Funding 155,402 163,435 164,192 150,000 150,000Coronovirus Relief Fund $0 $0 $50,000 $0 $0ARPA Funds $0 $0 $0 $251,661 $251,661 Subtotal $178,387 $185,508 $235,980 $424,146 $424,022 % Change over prior year 6.1% 4.0% 27.2% 79.7% 0.0%
Service Charges:Road Closure Signs $26,065 $19,666 $25,918 $18,483 $18,483Plan Reviews 228,811 204,809 155,728 180,000 180,000Technology Fee 6,541 8,759 8,600 7,379 7,379Variances and Use Permits 18,900 11,534 7,752 6,000 6,000Design Review/Design Review Exceptions 79,973 42,041 68,579 151,620 151,620Appeals 1,753 3,199 1,408 1,000 1,000Residential Building Reports/Inspections 14,006 12,600 24,080 13,050 22,800Financial Services 5,434 6,456 4,050 5,000 5,000Special Police Services 1,317 2,000 8,360 1,761 0Electric Vehicle Charging Fees 4,753 2,660 4,071 6,485 6,485Miscellaneous Charges for Services 15,201 15,947 22,525 57,442 40,000 Subtotal $402,754 $329,671 $331,071 $448,219 $438,766 % Change over prior year ‐24.4% ‐18.1% 0.4% 35.4% ‐2.1% Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 22
Revenue History ‐ All Funds City of Belvedere Operating and Capital Budget Fiscal Year 2022/2023
FUND/ACTIVITY
FY18/19
ACTUAL
REVENUES
FY19/20
ACTUAL
REVENUES
FY20/21
ACTUAL
REVENUES
FY21/22
ESTIMATED
REVENUES
FY22/23
RECOMMENDED
BUDGET
Miscellaneous Other Revenue:Concert‐in‐the‐Park Series $32,047 $32,420 $27,195 $8,866 $32,000Miscellaneous Other Revenue: 4,154 2,618 6,802 998 5,000Grant Proceeds 0 0 6,723 0 0Contributions/Private Grants 0 0 0 11,275 0 Subtotal $36,201 $35,038 $40,720 $21,139 $37,000
% Change over prior year ‐60.2% ‐3.2% 16.2% ‐48.1% 75.0% Total General Fund Revenue $7,303,257 $7,491,888 $7,874,020 $8,194,273 $8,582,033 % Change over prior year 0.3% 2.6% 5.1% 4.1% 4.7%
FIRE FUND
Fire Tax Proceeds $886,256 $919,435 $946,945 $997,888 $1,061,453 % Change over prior year 3.9% 3.7% 3.0% 5.4% 6.4%
TOTAL OPERATING REVENUE $8,189,513 $8,411,323 $8,820,965 $9,192,161 $9,643,486 % Change over prior year 0.7% 2.7% 4.9% 4.2% 4.9%
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 23
Revenue History ‐ All Funds City of Belvedere Operating and Capital Budget Fiscal Year 2022/2023
FUND/ACTIVITY
FY18/19
ACTUAL
REVENUES
FY19/20
ACTUAL
REVENUES
FY20/21
ACTUAL
REVENUES
FY21/22
ESTIMATED
REVENUES
FY22/23
RECOMMENDED
BUDGET
CAPITAL REVENUE
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT FUNDS
General Capital Improvements
Contributions/Private Grants $31,329 $0 $82,527 $251,850 $0 Measure A/B Transportation Sales Tax 32,427 60,969 47,855 50,872 90,000 Gas Tax Revenue 85,219 98,154 85,968 60,000 60,000State Planning Grant 0 0 0 70,863 0 DWR Grant 20,260 137,110 194,500 242,000 0
Prop 68 Park Bond 0 0 0 110,000 68,000
Total Cap. Improvement Fund Revenue $169,235 $296,233 $410,850 $785,585 $218,000 % Change over prior year ‐26.3% 75.0% 38.7% 165.2% ‐72.2% Road Impact Funds
Road Impact Fee $173,862 $262,130 $163,935 $175,750 $175,750 % Change over prior year ‐21.9% 50.8% ‐37.5% ‐33.0% 0.0% Marin County Parks & Open Space Fund
Measure A Parks Sales Tax $8,970 $17,214 $16,968 $10,542 $13,000 % Change over prior year ‐63.1% 91.9% ‐1.4% ‐38.8% 23.3% SUBTOTAL CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT FUNDS $352,067 $575,577 $591,753 $971,877 $406,750 % Change over prior year ‐26.1% 63.5% 2.8% 68.9% ‐58.1% EQUIPMENT REPLACEMENT FUND
Contribution $0 $0 $0 $0 $0Grant 0 0 34,285 0 0Sale of Property 409 40,251 10,807 382 1,000Total Equip. Repl. Fund Revenue $409 $40,251 $45,092 $382 $1,000 % Change over prior year ‐87.5% 9741.3% 12.0% ‐99.1% 161.8% TOTAL CAPITAL REVENUE $352,476 $615,828 $636,845 $972,259 $407,750 % Change over prior year ‐26.5% 74.7% 3.4% 57.9% ‐58.1% TOTAL REVENUES $8,541,989 $9,027,151 $9,457,810 $10,164,420 $10,051,235 % Change over prior year ‐0.8% 5.7% 4.8% 12.6% ‐1.1%
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 24
Expenditure History ‐ All Funds City of Belvedere Operating and Capital Budget Fiscal Year 2022/2023
FUND/ACTIVITY
FY18/19
ACTUAL
EXPENSES
FY19/20
ACTUAL
EXPENSES
FY20/21
ACTUAL
EXPENSES
FY21/22
ESTIMATED
EXPENSES
FY22/23
RECOMMENDED
BUDGET
OPERATING EXPENDITURES
GENERAL FUND
General Administration $807,507 $972,064 $934,099 $1,194,286 $1,182,298 Planning and Building 1,084,628 934,615 1,173,664 1,228,858 1,395,322 Police 1,835,363 1,455,352 1,583,418 1,624,736 1,702,188Public Works Operations & Maintenance 941,347 1,076,890 1,211,593 1,168,259 1,384,786Recreation (The Ranch) 53,902 75,107 65,739 62,979 64,592Non‐Departmental 404,712 440,472 388,591 684,645 674,637 TOTAL GENERAL FUND $5,127,459 $4,954,500 $5,357,104 $5,963,763 $6,403,822 % Change over prior year 6.2% ‐3.4% 8.1% 11.3% 7.4%
FIRE FUND
Fire Protection $1,530,482 $1,690,022 $1,748,530 $1,854,812 $2,001,509 % Change over prior year 5.3% 10.4% 3.5% 6.1% 7.9%
RESTRICTED FUNDS
Legal Damages and Settlements 3,500 11,458 0 0 0Debt Service 254,176 238,044 246,521 250,169 242,669 TOTAL RESTRICTED FUNDS $257,676 $249,502 $246,521 $250,169 $242,669 % Change over prior year 47.6% ‐3.2% ‐1.2% 1.5% ‐3.0%
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENDITURES $6,915,617 $6,894,024 $7,352,155 $8,068,744 $8,648,000 % Change over prior year 7.1% ‐0.3% 6.6% 9.7% 7.2%
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 25
Expenditure History ‐ All Funds City of Belvedere Operating and Capital Budget Fiscal Year 2022/2023
FUND/ACTIVITY
FY18/19
ACTUAL
EXPENSES
FY19/20
ACTUAL
EXPENSES
FY20/21
ACTUAL
EXPENSES
FY21/22
ESTIMATED
EXPENSES
FY22/23
RECOMMENDED
BUDGET
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT FUNDS
General Capital Improvements
Streets $26,172 $58,866 $100,762 $649,622 $355,000
Infrastructure $434,931 $271,146 $283,160 $739,002 $227,000Lanes 135,326 442,846 16,964 70,000 90,000 Parks & Open Space 38,585 27,924 57,109 518,510 25,000Community Buildings 82,990 69,065 111,721 300,460 22,000 Miscellaneous Other 114,507 14,607 109,519 131,747 268,500Utility Underground Districts 60,539 4,010 0 143,490 0 Total Capital Improvements $893,050 $888,464 $679,235 $2,552,831 $987,500 % Change over prior year 58.8% ‐0.5% ‐23.5% 275.8% ‐61.3% RESTRICTED FUNDS
Equipment Replacement $94,865 $154,858 $27,091 $80,000 $157,000 % Change over prior year 14.0% 63.2% ‐82.5% 195.3% 96.3% TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURES $987,915 $1,043,322 $706,326 $2,632,831 $1,144,500 % Change over prior year 53.0% 5.6% ‐32.3% 272.8% ‐56.5% TOTAL EXPENDITURES $7,903,532 $7,937,346 $8,058,481 $10,701,575 $9,792,500 % Change over prior year 11.3% 0.4% 1.5% 32.8% ‐8.5%
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 26
City-Wide Salary &
Benefit Information
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 27
Salary Chart with Position Allocations City of Belvedere Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Department & Position Step A Step B Step C Step D Step E FTE General Administration
City Manager 1
Administrative Services Manager 11,556 12,134 12,740 13,378 14,046 1 City Clerk/Management Analyst 7,423 7,794 8,184 8,593 9,023 1 Office Coordinator 6,416 6,737 7,074 7,427 7,799 1 Planning & Building
Director of Planning and Building 11,374 11,943 12,540 13,167 13,825 1 Building Official 9,315 9,781 10,270 10,783 11,322 1 Senior Planner 8,222 8,633 9,065 9,518 9,994 1 Associate Planner 7,799 8,189 8,598 9,028 ‐ 9,480 Building Inspector II 6,839 7,181 7,540 7,917 8,313 1 Building & Planning Technician 5,852 6,145 6,452 6,774 7,113 1 Police
Police Chief 12,272 12,886 13,530 14,206 14,917 1 Police Sergeant 8,173 8,582 9,011 9,461 9,934 2 Police Officer 6,948 7,295 7,660 8,043 8,445 4* Public Works
Director of Public Works 11,497 12,072 12,675 13,309 13,975 1 Associate Engineer 7,799 8,189 8,598 9,028 9,480 1 Maintenance Supervisor 6,814 7,155 7,512 7,888 8,282 1 Maintenance Worker II 5,035 5,287 5,551 5,829 6,120 2 Maintenance Worker 4,496 4,721 4,957 5,205 ‐ 5,465 Total Employees 21
Contract Staff
City Attorney Professional Services Contract with Renne Public Law Group City Engineer Professional Services Contract with Moe Engineering Fire and Emergency Services Contract for Services with Tiburon Fire Protection District IT Coordinator Professional Services Contract with SPTJ Consulting 16,250
Rates in effect as of 7/1/2021
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 28
Citywide Salary and Benefit History City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Salary & Benefit Costs
FY18/19
actuals
FY19/20
actuals
FY20/21
actuals
FY21/22
estimate
FY22/23
budget*
Regular Salaries $ 2,235,839 $ 2,196,397 $ 2,362,199 $ 2,372,932 $ 2,467,848 Temporary/Part‐Time/Overtime Pay $ 79,632 $ 123,847 $ 77,256 $ 102,327 $ 94,150 Contract Staff $ 106,888 $ 89,140 $ 103,774 $ 73,369 $ 77,883 CalPERS Retirement + Pension Debt $ 594,691 $ 533,180 $ 598,965 $ 697,503 $ 689,586 Health Insurance $ 438,780 $ 430,667 $ 450,886 $ 405,279 $ 545,972 Other Personnel Costs $ 470,157 $ 393,764 $ 422,834 $ 384,610 $ 505,471 Total Salary & Benefits $ 3,925,987 $ 3,766,995 $ 4,015,914 $ 4,036,020 $ 4,380,910 Position Counts by Department FY18/19
actuals
FY19/20
actuals
FY20/21
actuals
FY21/22
estimate
FY22/23
budget*
General Administration 44444
Planning & Building 55555
Police Department 65667 **
Public Works 45555
TOTAL 19 19 20 20 21
** Including one deferred FTE position.
Citywide Salary and Benefit Information
Budget Year + Four Year History
* Budgeted amounts represent highest possible earnings in each position and category, therefore budgeted amounts appear to increase at a greater rate than actual amounts.
$‐
$500,000
$1,000,000
$1,500,000
$2,000,000
$2,500,000
$3,000,000
$3,500,000
$4,000,000
$4,500,000
$5,000,000
FY18/19
actuals
FY19/20
actuals
FY20/21
actuals
FY21/22
estimate
FY22/23
budget*
City‐Wide Salaries & Benefits ‐ 5 Year Trend
Regular Salaries Temporary/Part‐Time/Overtime Pay
Contract Staff CalPERS Retirement + Pension Debt
Health Insurance Other Personnel Costs
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 29
Operating Expenditures
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 30
General Administration
Department Budget
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Account Item
FY22
Budget
FY22
Estimated
Actuals
FY23
Recommended
Budget
4000 Regular Salaries 585,189 548,404 576,724
4010 Temp & Part Time Employees 1,350 7,212 1,350
4030 Sick Leave Conversion 22,880 10,395 22,636
4090 Auto Allowance 8,400 6,223 8,604
4091 Deferred Comp 8,880 8,253 8,880
4092 Technology Allowance 0 0 0
4095 Longevity Pay 0 0 0
PERSONNEL 626,699 580,487 618,195
4100 Insurance Benefits 55,556 43,893 84,306
4110 PERS 51,245 53,112 58,993
4114 PARS 1,800 1,649 0
4121 Workers' Comp 27,619 18,733 26,916
4130 FICA/Medicare 8,772 8,465 8,652
FRINGE BENEFITS 144,992 125,853 178,866
5010 Financial Services 61,800 78,964 63,654
5012 Legal Services 45,000 153,041 125,000
5013 Interim 0 50,753 0
5015 IT Support 35,000 35,933 36,050
5016 Software Maintenance 15,000 27,642 15,450
5990 Other Contract/Outside Services 10,000 50,295 20,000 OUTSIDE SERVICES 166,800 396,627 260,154
6000 Communications & Alarms 3,595 4,831 4,976
6020 Power ‐ Gas & Electric 1,383 1,655 1,704
UTILITIES 4,978 6,485 6,680
6125 Elections 3,404 0 3,404
6150 Membership & Dues 6,489 6,576 6,773
6160 Notices & Ads 5,934 5,943 6,121
6170 Confs, Meetings, Training 15,000 5,708 15,000
6180 Vehicle/Equipment Leases 4,393 4,216 4,342
6990 Other Operating Expenses 70,000 50,000 70,000
OPERATIONS 105,220 72,443 105,641
7000 Office Supplies 5,956 11,191 11,526
7030 Printing & Reproduction 836 1,200 1,236
MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES 6,792 12,391 12,762
TOTAL GENERAL ADMINISTRATION 1,055,481 1,194,286 1,182,298 Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 31
Planning Building
Department Budget
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Account Item
FY22
Budget
FY22
Estimated
Actuals
FY23
Recommended
Budget
4000 Regular Salaries 606,819 609,101 618,965
4010 Temp & Part Time Employee 0 1,350 0
4020 Overtime 1,800 973 1,800
4030 Sick Leave Conversion 25,004 17,222 25,355
4090 Auto Allowance 7,200 7,015 7,200
4091 Deferred Comp 11,100 10,815 11,100
4095 Longevity Pay 16,401 15,644 16,730
PERSONNEL 668,324 662,120 681,149
4100 Insurance Benefits 119,533 104,559 127,150
4110 PERS 75,892 93,250 80,076
4114 PARS 7,345 7,919 5,545
4121 Workers' Comp 28,640 14,585 28,887
4130 FICA/Medicare 9,331 9,841 9,514
FRINGE BENEFITS 240,741 230,154 251,172
5012 Legal Services 70,000 66,671 75,000
5015 IT Support 25,000 24,729 25,750
5016 Software Maintenance 2,163 6,947 5,000
5101 Plan Review Services‐Building Dept 27,071 23,369 27,883 5990 Other Contract/Outside Services 320,000 172,649 260,000 OUTSIDE SERVICES 444,234 294,365 393,633
6000 Communications & Alarms 6,486 7,717 7,949
6020 Power ‐ Gas & Electric 5,536 6,261 6,449
UTILITIES 12,022 13,979 14,398
6150 Membership & Dues 293 980 1,009
6160 Notices & Ads 6,510 3,523 6,510
6170 Confs, Meetings, Training 20,000 0 20,000
6180 Vehicle/Equipment Leases 4,393 4,655 4,794
6190 Vehicle Maintenance ‐ Corr 2,500 0 0
OPERATIONS 33,696 9,157 32,314
7000 Office Supplies 6,602 9,088 12,361
7030 Printing & Reproduction 4,711 9,996 10,296
MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES 11,313 19,084 22,657
TOTAL PLANNING & BUILDING 1,410,330 1,228,858 1,395,322 Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 32
Police
Department Budget
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Account Item
FY22
Budget
FY22
Estimated
Actuals
FY23
Recommended
Budget
4000 Regular Salaries 721,432 736,017 735,869
4010 Temp & Part Time Employees 51,500 8,459 30,000
4020 Overtime 83,333 83,333 60,000
4030 Sick Leave Conversion 29,811 8,532 30,227
4040 Holiday Pay 34,423 34,423 35,112
4060 Educational Incentive 22,054 28,599 22,496
4070 Graveyard Shift Pay 15,834 16,221 22,684
4080 Field Training Pay 1,000 0 1,000
4090 Auto Allowance 4,800 4,000 4,800
4091 Deferred Comp 13,320 12,352 13,320
4095 Longevity Pay 11,027 9,220 6,080
PERSONNEL 988,534 941,156 961,588
4100 Insurance Benefits 124,985 110,757 134,373
4110 PERS 129,965 143,485 132,974
4111 Post Retirement Health Benefits 9,000 8,400 9,000
4114 PARS 7,346 8,161 2,773
4121 Workers' Comp 48,050 27,451 48,343
4130 FICA/Medicare 12,046 13,648 12,203
4140 Uniform Allowance 5,520 4,733 5,520
FRINGE BENEFITS 336,912 316,636 345,187
5015 IT Support 25,000 32,894 25,750
5016 Software Maintenance 1,061 18,870 10,000
5080 Emergency Preparedness Services 33,976 33,976 34,995 5210 Police Dispatch 128,625 115,409 126,209
5220 Major Crimes Task Force 19,102 19,102 19,102
5242 Reports & Records Automation 24,721 21,541 22,188
5250 Marin Emergency Radio Authority 31,320 19,200 31,320 5266 Marin Information & Date Access S 3,621 1,828 1,883 5267 Mobile Data Maintenance Agreeme 5,890 5,880 6,056
5990 Other Contract/Outside Services 27,810 27,810 27,810 OUTSIDE SERVICES 301,126 296,511 305,313
6000 Communications & Alarms 12,394 13,167 13,562
6020 Power ‐ Gas & Electric 2,307 2,520 2,596
UTILITIES 14,701 15,687 16,157
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 33
Police
Department Budget
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Account Item
FY22
Budget
FY22
Estimated
Actuals
FY23
Recommended
Budget
6130 Equipment Maintenance ‐ Corr 729 0 0
6150 Membership & Dues 810 400 810
6170 Confs, Meetings, Training 15,000 15,000 15,000
6175 Training (POST) Reimb 10,000 10,000 10,000
6176 Interoperability Law Enforcement F 7,000 365 7,000 6180 Vehicle/Equipment Leases 2,747 2,047 2,747
6190 Vehicle Maintenance ‐ Corr 11,139 443 11,139
OPERATIONS 47,425 28,254 46,696
7000 Office Supplies 5,467 11,343 11,683
7050 Ammunition & Weapons 1,328 1,328 1,328
7080 Gas & Oil Supplies 7,645 11,880 12,236
7090 Protective Clothing/Safety 3,562 1,941 2,000
MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES 18,002 26,492 27,247
TOTAL POLICE 1,706,700 1,624,736 1,702,188
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 34
Public Works
Department Budget
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Account Item
FY22
Budget
FY22
Estimated
Actuals
FY23
Recommended
Budget
4000 Regular Salaries 527,729 479,409 536,290
4020 Overtime 1,000 1,000 1,000
4030 Sick Leave Conversion 35,223 9,823 35,470
4090 Auto Allowance 2,400 2,031 2,400
4091 Deferred Comp 11,100 9,277 11,100
4095 Longevity Pay 10,478 9,173 6,842
PERSONNEL 587,930 510,714 593,102
4100 Insurance Benefits 141,146 110,409 161,987
4110 PERS 60,735 76,082 63,779
4114 PARS 7,345 7,069 2,773
4121 Workers' Comp 24,907 13,131 25,029
4130 FICA/Medicare 8,208 7,457 8,281
FRINGE BENEFITS 242,341 214,149 261,848
5015 IT Support 15,000 21,659 22,309
5016 Software Maintenance 557 3,908 4,025
5250 Marin Emergency Radio Authority 9,925 5,966 9,925
5301 City Engineer 50,000 50,000 50,000
5320 Drainage Maintenance 19,923 22,209 22,875
5321 Silt Removal 10,609 10,609 10,927
5322 Videotaping 3,183 3,183 3,278
5335 Annual Vegetation Maintenance 46,350 64,440 66,373 5350 Street Trees (Outside) 70,000 70,000 70,000
5360 Poison Oak Control 1,591 1,591 1,639
5370 Marinmap Membership Fee 6,365 6,365 6,556
5980 Prior year excess reserves 15,336 13,737 14,149
5990 Other Contract/Outside Services 12,360 12,360 12,731 OUTSIDE SERVICES 261,199 286,027 294,788
6000 Communications & Alarms 8,582 9,148 9,422
6020 Power ‐ Gas & Electric 7,847 14,437 14,870
6030 Power ‐ Street Lights 10,797 12,251 12,618
6040 Power ‐ Traffic Signal 510 769 792
6050 Water 30,132 13,171 13,566
UTILITIES 57,868 49,776 51,269
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 35
Public Works
Department Budget
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Account Item
FY22
Budget
FY22
Estimated
Actuals
FY23
Recommended
Budget
6131 Equipment Maintenance 15,450 15,450 15,914
6150 Membership & Dues 1,529 7,187 7,403
6170 Confs, Meetings, Training 8,500 48 8,500
6180 Vehicle/Equipment Leases 5,047 5,024 5,175
6191 Vehcl Maint 6,850 65 7,056
6200 Building Maintenance 10,805 12,035 12,396
6210 Irrigation Sys Maintenance 2,652 13,692 14,103
6220 Street Light Maintenance 4,244 754 4,371
6230 Permits 15,450 15,450 15,914
6240 Street Sweep ‐ In‐House 51,265 5,452 51,265
OPERATIONS 121,792 75,157 142,095
7000 Office Supplies 3,282 5,592 5,760
7080 Gas & Oil Supplies 4,752 7,108 7,321
7090 Protective Clothing/Safety 4,292 2,253 4,292
7100 Construction Supplies 1,107 1,107 1,107
7110 Janitorial Supplies 341 157 341
7120 Park & Landscape Supplies 7,636 1,293 7,636
7140 Small Tools 2,122 2,122 2,122
7150 Traffic Control Supplies 2,758 2,758 2,758
7190 Other Materials & Supplies 10,046 10,046 10,347
MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES 36,336 32,437 41,684
TOTAL PUBLIC WORKS 1,307,466 1,168,259 1,384,786
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 36
Recreation (The Ranch)
Department Budget
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Account Item
FY22
Budget
FY22
Estimated
Actuals
FY23
Recommended
Budget
5980 Janitorial Contract Services 8,638 6,728 6,930
5982 Recreation Facility Contribution 36,394 37,048 38,159 5990 Other Contract/Outside Services 1,061 1,061 1,093
OUTSIDE SERVICES 46,093 44,837 46,182
6020 Power ‐ Gas & Electric 4,505 4,920 5,068
UTILITIES 4,505 4,920 5,068
6140 Insurance 3,623 3,993 4,113
6200 Building Maintenance 6,047 6,047 6,047
OPERATIONS 9,670 10,040 10,160
7110 Janitorial Supplies 2,652 2,652 2,652
7190 Other Materials & Supplies 530 530 530
MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES 3,182 3,182 3,182
TOTAL RECREATION 63,450 62,979 64,592
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 37
Non‐Departmental
Department Budget
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Account Item
FY22
Budget
FY22
Estimated
Actuals
FY23
Recommended
Budget
4100 Insurance Benefits 43,710 35,660 38,156
4110 PERS* 82,804 84,551 111,096
4114 PARS 20,000 14,148 20,000
RETIREE FRINGE BENEFITS 146,514 134,359 169,252
5020 Richardson Bay Reg Agency 67,942 67,409 125,000
5030 Hazardous Material Response 876 876 902
5040 Animal Control JPA 23,885 23,885 23,885
5050 Congestion Mgmt Plan 5,655 5,655 5,825
5061 Homeward Bound of Marin 2,000 2,000 2,000
5062 Countywide Community Homeless 9,186 9,186 9,186
5071 Marin General Services Agency 5,415 8,254 8,254
5082 MCCMC Lobbyist 4,000 4,000 4,000
5083 Tiburon Peninsula Traffic Relief JPA 43,724 42,446 45,910 5091 LAFCO 4,303 3,472 3,576
5985 Library Expansion Contribution 0 150,000 0
5990 Other Contract/Outside Services 0 9,309 0
OUTSIDE SERVICES 166,986 326,492 228,538
6120 Community Activities 35,000 20,000 35,000
6122 Concerts in the Park 42,000 18,840 42,000
6140 Insurance 187,000 184,954 199,846
OPERATIONS 264,000 223,794 276,846
TOTAL NON DEPARTMENTAL 577,500 684,645 674,637
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 38
Restricted Funds ‐ Operating
Expenditure Budget
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Account Item
FY22
Budget
FY22
Estimated
Actuals
FY23
Recommended
Budget
5400 TFPD Contact 1,849,854 1,852,212 1,998,909
5410 Fire System Parts & Supplies 2,600 2,600 2,600
FIRE FUND EXPENSES 1,852,454 1,854,812 2,001,509
2410 Pension‐Related Debt 249,603 250,169 242,669
8040 Legal Damages/Settlements 00 0
OTHER RESTRICTED FUNDS 249,603 250,169 242,669
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 39
Capital Expenditures
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 40
Capital Improvements
Sources of Funds
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
General Fund
Transfer DWR Grant Prop 68 Grant* Road Impact Gas Tax Co Transp Co Parks Equipment Capital Funds Beginning Balances 48,557 ‐ Current Year Capital Revenue 406,750 ‐ 68,000 175,750 60,000 90,000 13,000 1,000 PROJECTS: Total Project $
CAPITAL PROJECTS:Spot Surface Repairs 45,000 5,000 40,000 Paving 310,000 114,250 175,750 20,000 Corrugated Metal Pipe Replacement 30,000 30,000 Emergency Drainage Repairs 10,000 10,000
Wooden Retaining Wall 17,000 17,000Evaluation of Beach Road Retaining Walls 25,000 12,000 13,000 Levee Evaluation 145,000 145,000 ‐ Hawthorn Lane Stair Rebuild 20,000 ‐ 20,000 Park Lane Stair and Seating Area 20,000 ‐ 20,000 Lane Maintenance/Minor Repairs 25,000 ‐ 25,000 Lane Design & Engineering 25,000 ‐ 25,000 San Rafael Ave Seawall Landscape Mulch 9,000 9,000Repair and Refurbish Community Park Basketball Courts 16,000 16,000City Hall ADA 12,000 12,000Selected Painting of City Hall and Community Center 10,000 10,000San Rafael Ave and City Hall Safety Improvements 185,000 185,000Evacuation Assessment and Radio Purchase 31,000 31,000 ‐ Miscellaneous Maintenance & Improvements 30,000 30,000Sidewalk Repair Program 22,500 22,500 ‐ EQUIPMENT REPLACEMENTS:Equipment Replacements 157,000 156,000 1,000Total Project Expenses 1,144,500 804,750 ‐ ‐ 175,750 60,000 90,000 13,000 1,000 Remaining Capital Fund Balance Carry‐forward 68,000 ‐ 68,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ Note: *Prop 68 Grant Funds are for the Beach Road Park project. The remaining funds will be carried over from FY2021‐22.
Source of Funds
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 41
Capital
Department Budget
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Account Item
FY22
Budget
FY22
Estimated
Actuals
FY23
Recommended
Budget
9000 Spot Surface Repairs 52,879 52,879 45,000
9001 Paving 596,743 596,743 310,000
STREET IMPROVEMENTS 649,622 649,622 355,000
9050 Guardrail Installation and Repairs 15,000 15,000 0 xxxx Evaluation of Beach Road Retaining Walls 0 0 25,000 9055 Wooden Retaining Walls 0 0 17,000
9084 Retaining Wall 0 0 0
9100 Emergency Drainage Repairs 10,000 10,000 10,000
9099 Corrugated Metal Pipe Replacement 0 0 30,000
9511 Lagoon Rd 137,891 137,891 0
9513 Levee Evaluation 576,111 576,111 145,000
INFRASTRUCTURE 739,002 739,002 227,000
9201 Lanes Initiative Program 0 0 0
9227 Eucalyptus Lane 0 0 0
9216 Park Lane Stair and Seating Area 20,000 20,000 20,000 9217 Hawthorn Lane Stair Rebuild 25,000 25,000 20,000
9228 Lane Maintenance/Minor Repairs 5,000 5,000 25,000
9229 Lane Design & Engineering 20,000 20,000 25,000
LANES 70,000 70,000 90,000
9527 Community Park Water Well 19,000 19,000 0
9357 Playground Renovation 405,510 405,510 0
9358 San Rafael Ave Seawall Landscape Mulch 9,000 9,000 9,000 9359 Refurbish Steel Railings 0 0 0
9360 Beach Road Park 85,000 85,000 0
xxxx Repair and Refurbish Community Park Basketball Courts 0 0 16,000 PARKS AND OPEN SPACE 518,510 518,510 25,000
9434 Install EV Charging Station at City Hall 105,348 105,348 0 9436 Solar Electric and EV Charging Stations near Corp Yard 120,556 120,556 0 9492 City Hall Renovations 0 0 0
9494 Refurbish Council Chamber Audience Chairs 13,000 13,000 0 9495 City Hall Security Upgrade 0 0 0
9435 City Hall Foundation Drainage Repairs 25,000 25,000 0 9509 City Hall ADA 26,956 26,956 12,000
xxxx Selected Painting of City Hall and Community Center 0 0 10,000 9451 Misc. Exterior Painting‐Corp Yard Building 9,600 9,600 0 COMMUNITY BUILDINGS 300,460 300,460 22,000
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 42
Capital
Department Budget
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Account Item
FY22
Budget
FY22
Estimated
Actuals
FY23
Recommended
Budget
9585 Sidewalk Repair Program 37,953 37,953 22,500
9586 Retaining Curbs 0 0 0
9587 San Rafael Ave and City Hall Safety Improvements 40,629 40,629 185,000 9588 Evacuation Assessment and Radio Purchase 23,165 23,165 31,000 9582 Miscellaneous Maintenance & Improvements 30,000 30,000 30,000 MISCELLANEOUS 131,747 131,747 268,500
9583 Golden Gate/Belvedere Utility Underground District 0 0 0 9584 Lower Golden Gate Utility Underground Redesign 0 0 0 9591 Lower Golden Gate UUD20A Credit Option 0 0 0
9590 Undergrounding ‐ Other Expenses 143,490 143,490 0
UTILITY UNDERGROUNDING 143,490 143,490 0
TOTAL CAPITAL 2,552,831 2,552,831 987,500
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 43
Restricted Funds ‐ Capital
Expenditure Budget
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Account Item
FY22
Budget
FY22
Estimated
Actuals
FY23
Recommended
Budget
8090 Equipment Replacements 80,000 80,000 157,000
OTHER RESTRICTED FUNDS 80,000 80,000 157,000
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 44
Five Year Capital Expenditure Plan City of Belvedere Operating and Capital Budget Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
FY22/23 FY23/24 FY24/25 FY25/26 FY26/27
STREET IMPROVEMENTS
Pavement Spot Repairs 45,000 45,000 45,000 40,000 45,000Street Improvement Program 310,000 310,000 400,000 400,000 320,000 Total Street Improvements 355,000 355,000 445,000 440,000 365,000 Evaluation of Beach Road Retaining Walls 25,000 0 0 0 200,000 Guardrail Installation and Repairs 0 15,000 0 17,000 0Wooden Retaining Walls 17,000 20,000 10,000 0 30,000Emergency Drainage Repairs (CA State Requirement) 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Corrugated Metal Pipe Replacement 30,000 25,000 0 0 25,000Levee Evaluation & Stabilization 145,0000000 Total Infrastructure 227,000 70,000 20,000 27,000 265,000 LANES
Lanes Initiative Program 00000Artist View Project 0000 150,000Park Lane Stair and Seating Area Project 20,000 0 0 0 0Hawthorn Lane (Centennial Park) Stair Rebuild 20,000 0 0 0 0Lane Maintenance/ Minor Repairs 25,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000Lane Design and Engineering 25,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 Total Lanes 90,000 40,000 20,000 40,000 190,000
INFRASTRUCTURE
BUDGET ITEM
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 45
Five Year Capital Expenditure Plan City of Belvedere Operating and Capital Budget Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
BUDGET ITEM FY22/23 FY23/24 FY24/25 FY25/26 FY26/27
PARKS AND OPEN SPACE
San Rafael Avenue Seawall Landscape Mulch 9,000 0 10,000 0 10,000 Playground Renovation 00000Repair & Refurbish Community Park Basketball Courts 16,000 0 0 0 19,000Refurbish Steel Railings 0 0 0 10,000 0 Beach Road Park 00000
Total Parks & Open Space 25,000 0 10,000 10,000 29,000 COMMUNITY BUILDINGS
Selected Painting of City Hall and Community Center 10,000 0 10,000 10,000 0 Refinish Wood Floors in Council Chambers 0 0 5,000 0 0
Misc. Exterior Painting‐Corp Yard Building 0 10,000 0 0 0Police Department Office Renovations 0000 110,000 City Hall ADA 12,000 0 0 12,000 0
CC. Kitchen Remodel 0 0 65,000 0 0CC. Founder's Room Furniture Replacement 0 30,000000 Total Community Buildings 22,000 40,000 80,000 22,000 110,000
MISCELLANEOUS
Sidewalk Repair Program 22,500 0 0 25,000 0Traffic Engineer Study 0 0 18,000 0 0 Survey Monuments 0 10,000 0 0 0
San Rafael Avenue and City Hall Safety Improvements 185,0000000Evacuation Assessment and Radio Purchase 31,000 0 0 0 0Misc. Maintenance & Improvements 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 35,000 Total Miscellaneous 268,500 40,000 48,000 55,000 35,000 TOTALS 987,500 545,000 623,000 594,000 994,000
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 46
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: STREETS
Project: Pavement Spot Repairs
Description:
Projected Timing: Future Projects
Start Date: Fall 2022 TBD
End Date (Estimated): Winter 2022 TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ STAFF STAFF STAFF STAFF STAFF ‐$ Construction: $ 101,050 45,000$ 45,000$ 45,000$ 40,000$ 45,000$ 321,050$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 101,050 45,000$ 45,000$ 45,000$ 40,000$ 45,000$ 321,050$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Gas Tax $ 101,050 45,000$
Total $ 101,050 45,000$
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Projected
Ongoing pavement repairs necessary to keep the
roadways free of potholes and ensure that road
surface conditions remain at the high level expected
by the community. Needs are determined by analysis
during the Pavement Management Program Survey.
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 47
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: STREETS
Project: Street Improvement Program
Description:
Projected Timing: Future Projects
Start Date: Spring 2020 TBD
End Date (Estimated): Fall 2022 TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Planning & Design: 16,284$ 15,000$ 15,000$ 20,000$ 20,000$ 25,000$ 111,284$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ STAFF STAFF STAFF STAFF STAFF ‐$ Construction: 524,485$ 295,000$ 295,000$ 380,000$ 380,000$ 295,000$ 2,169,485 $ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: 540,769$ 310,000$ 310,000$ 400,000$ 400,000$ 320,000$ 2,280,769 $ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Gas Tax ‐$ 20,000$
Road Impact Fees 540,769$ 290,000$
Total 540,769$ 310,000$
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Projected
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Fees collected from Road Impact are used to repair
large areas of distressed asphalt and maintain
Belvedere roads. Crack sealing, traffic marking,
roadway shoulder berms, slurry seal and other road
stabilization projects fall under this program.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 48
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: INFRASTRUCTURE
Project: Guardrail Installation and Repairs
Description:
Projected Timing: Future Projects
Start Date: Spring 2024 TBD
End Date (Estimated): Spring 2024 TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ 15,000$ ‐$ 17,000$ ‐$ 32,000$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ ‐$ 15,000$ ‐$ 17,000$ ‐$ 32,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Not Applicable ‐$ ‐$
Total ‐$ ‐$
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Projected
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Vehicle barriers are sometimes needed in steep areas
to prevent injury and property damage. Funding is
reserved for maintenance and new installations.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 49
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: INFRASTRUCTURE
Project: Wooden Retaining Walls
Description:
Projected Timing: Future Projects
Start Date: Spring 2023 TBD
End Date (Estimated): Summer 2023 TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ 17,000$ 20,000$ 10,000$ ‐$ 30,000$ 77,000$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ 17,000$ 20,000$ 10,000$ ‐$ 30,000$ 77,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer ‐$ 17,000$
Total ‐$ 17,000$
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Projected
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Wooden retaining walls are necessary to protect
infrastructure (fire hydrants, utility vaults, storm
drains, etc.) from hillside erosion. These projects are selected on an as‐needed basis in collaboration with
The Tiburon Fire Protection District and utility
companies.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 50
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: INFRASTRUCTURE
Project: Emergency Drainage Repairs (CA State Requirement) Description:
Projected Timing: Beach Rd Future Projects
Start Date: TBD
End Date (Estimated): TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: $ 9,128 10,000$ 10,000$ 10,000$ 10,000$ 10,000$ 59,128$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 9,128 10,000$ 10,000$ 10,000$ 10,000$ 10,000$ 59,128$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer $ 9,128 10,000$
Total $ 9,128 10,000$
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Projected
Continuous
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
This line item is a requirement for the City's annual storm drain discharge permit through the State of California. Funds are earmarked for repair of storm drain system failures that are detected during yearly preventative maintenance activities.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 51
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: INFRASTRUCTURE
Project: Corrugated Metal Pipe Replacement
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Spring 2023
End Date (Estimated): Summer 2023
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ 1,500$ ‐$ ‐$ 1,500$ 3,000$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ STAFF ‐$ Construction: $ 16,572 30,000$ 23,500$ ‐$ ‐$ 23,500$ 93,572$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 16,572 30,000$ 25,000$ ‐$ ‐$ 25,000$ 96,572$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer $ 16,572 30,000$
Total $ 16,572 30,000$
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Projected
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
CMP has an average lifespan of 50 years. City‐owned
pipes must be replaced periodically to prevent
landslides.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 52
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: INFRASTRUCTURE
Project: Evaluation of Beach Road (Belvedere Island) Retaining Walls Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Summer 2022
End Date (Estimated): Fall 2022
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Planning & Design: ‐$ 25,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 200,000$ 225,000$ Engineering & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ 25,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 200,000$ 225,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer ‐$ 25,000$
Total ‐$ 25,000$
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Projected
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
The scope of this work will be to evaluate the various retaining wall structures on Belvedere Island, specifically on Beach Road. A master plan will be developed to guide staff and council in decision making and long‐term budgeting.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 53
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: INFRASTRUCTURE
Project: Levee Evaluation & Stabilization
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: July 2019
End Date (Estimated): Summer 2022
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Planning & Design: $ 667,297 145,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 812,297$ Engineering & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 667,297 145,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 812,297$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
DWR Grant $ 367,013 79,750$
General Fund Transfer $ 300,283 65,250$
Total $ 667,297 145,000$
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Projected
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
This is a multi‐year project using carryforward funds that were unspent in the prior budget cycle, along with new
budget funds, to fortify the levees for seismic events, along with other resiliency modifications. This project is partially funded with Department of Water Resources grant funds.
Additional new funds are included for FY 22/23 to cover unknown expenses related to the EIR.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 54
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: LANES
Project:
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Spring 2022
End Date (Estimated): Spring 2023
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ 20,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 20,000$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ 20,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 20,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Measure A Transportation ‐$ 20,000$
Total ‐$ 20,000$
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Projected
Hawthorn Lane (Centennial Park) Stair
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
The upper portion of the Hawthorn Lane stairs are
constructed in wood and need replacement. Staff and
the POSC will consider other more durable alternatives
prior to replacement.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 55
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: LANES
Project: Lane Maintenance/ Minor Repairs
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Ongoing
End Date (Estimated):
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ STAFF
Insp & Admin: ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: $ 18,447 25,000$ 20,000$ 20,000$ 20,000$ 20,000$ 123,447$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 18,447 25,000$ 20,000$ 20,000$ 20,000$ 20,000$ 123,447$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Measure A Transportation $ 18,447 25,000$
Total $ 18,447 25,000$
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Projected
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Replace and repair smaller segments of existing lanes, such as hand rails and concrete spot repairs. The POSC and Staff work together to establish priorities.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 56
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: LANES
Project: Lane Design & Engineering
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Ongoing
End Date (Estimated):
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: $ 38,576 25,000$ 20,000$ ‐$ 20,000$ 20,000$ 123,576$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 38,576 25,000$ 20,000$ ‐$ 20,000$ 20,000$ 123,576$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Measure A Transportation $ 38,576 25,000$
Total $ 38,576 25,000$
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Projected
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Funds in this category are earmarked for planning tasks related to establishing new public lanes. Priorities are identified through collaboration with the Parks and Open Space Committee and residents.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 57
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: LANES
Project: Park Lane Stair
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Summer 2022
End Date (Estimated): Fall 2022
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: $ 238 20,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 20,238$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 238 20,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 20,238$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Measure A Transportation $ 238 20,000$ Prop 68 Grant ‐$ ‐$
Total $ 238 20,000$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
The lower segment of the Park Lane stairs must be rebuilt. This work will include the installation of a bench and seating area in a portion of City Right‐of‐Way near the staircase.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 58
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: PARKS AND OPEN SPACE
Project: San Rafael Avenue Seawall Landscape Mulch
Description:
Projected Timing: Future Projects
Start Date: Spring 2023 TBD
End Date (Estimated): Spring 2023 TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: $ 9,779 9,000$ ‐$ 10,000$ ‐$ 10,000$ 38,779$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 9,779 9,000$ ‐$ 10,000$ ‐$ 10,000$ 38,779$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Measure A Parks $ 1,089 ‐$
General Fund Transfer $ 8,690 9,000$
Total $ 9,779 9,000$
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Projected
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
This is a periodic maintenance item for weed management and aesthetic improvement of the San Rafael Ave seawall. Work is typically done in the early spring months.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 59
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: PARKS AND OPEN SPACE
Project: Artist's View Lane
Description:
Projected Timing: Future Projects
Start Date: July 2026 TBD
End Date (Estimated): June 2027 TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 150,000$ 150,000$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 150,000$ 150,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Not Applicable ‐$ ‐$
Total ‐$ ‐$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Improvements to the Artist's View lot have been proposed and limited funds have been earmarked for the development of design concepts and estimation of project costs. Pursuing construction has been delated until other larger capital projects are well underway or completed. The POSLC has requested this project remain in the 5‐year capital plan.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 60
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: PARKS AND OPEN SPACE
Project: Repair & Refurbish Community Park Basketball Courts Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Spring 2023
End Date (Estimated): Spring 2023
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ STAFF ‐$ Construction: ‐$ 16,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 19,000$ 35,000$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ 16,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 19,000$ 35,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer ‐$ ‐$
Total ‐$ ‐$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
This work is undertaken approximately every four
years. Work includes resurfacing and restriping the
outdoor court.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 61
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: PARKS AND OPEN SPACE
Project: Refurbish Steel Railings
Description:
Projected Timing: Future Projects
Start Date: Summer 2025 TBD
End Date (Estimated): Summer 2026 TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 10,000$ ‐$ 10,000$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 10,000$ ‐$ 10,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Not Applicable ‐$ ‐$
Total ‐$ ‐$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
This work includes sanding, repainting, and weld repair of steel decorative railings throughout the City. These railings are primarily found on Bella Vista Ave. and
Corinthian Island.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 62
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: PARKS AND OPEN SPACE
Project: Beach Road Park
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Summer 2022
End Date (Estimated): Fall 2022
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ 85,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 85,000$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ 85,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 85,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Prop 68 Grant ‐$ 68,000$
Measure A Parks ‐$ 13,000$
General Fund Transfer ‐$ 4,000$
Total ‐$ 85,000$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Design work related to development of landscape and pedestrian improvements within the Beach Road seawall improvement area (Levee Improvement Project). Funds provided by CA Parks Prop 68 (with 20% matching requirement).
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 63
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: PARKS AND OPEN SPACE
Project: Community Park Water Well
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Spring 2022
End Date (Estimated): Fall 2022
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ 19,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 19,000$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ 19,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 19,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Measure A Parks ‐$ 19,000$
Total ‐$ 19,000$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
During the past few watering seasons, the current water well has been unable to provide adequate flows for irrigation of the turf and landscape at Community Park during peak watering season. Exploration of a new water well should be considered near the park. This project will also be considered in tandem with purchase of an additional water meter from MMWD.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 64
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: COMMUNITY BUILDINGS
Project: Selected Painting of City Hall and Community Center Description:
Projected Timing: Future Projects
Start Date: Summer 2022 TBD
End Date (Estimated): Fall 2022 TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ N/A ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ 10,000$ ‐$ 10,000$ 10,000$ ‐$ 30,000$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ 10,000$ ‐$ 10,000$ 10,000$ ‐$ 30,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer ‐$ 10,000$
Total ‐$ 10,000$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Regular painting prolongs the life of wood and maintains visual appeal for the City Hall and Community Center building.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 65
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: COMMUNITY BUILDINGS
Project: Refinish Wood Floors in Council Chambers
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Spring 2025
End Date (Estimated): Spring 2025
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: $ 2,840 ‐$ ‐$ 5,000$ ‐$ ‐$ 7,840$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 2,840 ‐$ ‐$ 5,000$ ‐$ ‐$ 7,840$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer $ 2,840 ‐$
Total $ 2,840 ‐$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Refinishing wood floors provides an attractive wear surface for the hardwood. It is anticipated that this work will be necessary in FY 24/25.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 66
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: COMMUNITY BUILDINGS
Project: Misc. Exterior Painting‐Corp Yard Building
Description:
Projected Timing: Future Projects
Start Date: Fall 2023 TBD
End Date (Estimated): Fall 2023 TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ N//A ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ 10,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 10,000$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ ‐$ 10,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 10,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer ‐$ ‐$
Total ‐$ ‐$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Regular painting prolongs the life of wood and maintains visual appeal.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 67
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: COMMUNITY BUILDINGS
Project: City Hall ADA
Description:
Projected Timing: Future Projects
Start Date: Summer 2022 TBD
End Date (Estimated): Fall 2022 TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ STAFF
Insp & Admin: ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: $ 49,283 12,000$ ‐$ ‐$ 12,000$ ‐$ 73,283$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 49,283 12,000$ ‐$ ‐$ 12,000$ ‐$ 73,283$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer $ 49,283 12,000$
Total $ 49,283 12,000$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
This fund will address improvements to accessibility within the City Hall and Community Center building.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 68
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: COMMUNITY BUILDINGS
Project: CC. Kitchen Remodel
Description:
Projected Timing: Future Projects
Start Date: Spring 2025 TBD
End Date (Estimated): Summer 2025 TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 35,000 $ ‐$ ‐$ 35,000 $ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 30,000 $ ‐$ ‐$ 30,000 $ Total: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 65,000 $ ‐$ ‐$ 65,000 $ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Not Applicable ‐$ ‐$
Total ‐$ ‐$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
To support the community's ongoing recreation and emergency shelter needs, the kitchen in the Community Center will require updating. Cabinetry will be replaced or refurbished and applicances, specifically the refreigerator and oven range, will be replaced with modern equipment.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 69
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: COMMUNITY BUILDINGS
Project: CC. Founder's Room Furniture Replacement
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Fall 2023
End Date (Estimated): Fall 2023
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ 30,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 30,000$ Total: ‐$ ‐$ 30,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 30,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Not Applicable ‐$ ‐$
Total ‐$ ‐$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
To support the community's ongoing recreation and emergency shelter needs, the Founder's Room will require updating. This work will include replacing tables, chairs, couches and other necessary furniture.
Additional effort will be directed towards optimizing the room as a warming/cooling center. This will be accomplished by improving access to electrical outlets for sharing devices. The wood‐burning fireplace will be plumbed for natural gas. Ceiling and floor fans will also be added.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 70
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: COMMUNITY BUILDINGS
Project: Police Department Office Renovations
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Summer 2026
End Date (Estimated): Summer 2026
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 110,000$ 110,000$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 110,000$ 110,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Not Applicable ‐$ ‐$
Total ‐$ ‐$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
The Police Department Offices are on the lower floor of City Hall. Modifications will be needed for weatherproofing, use of space, and general updating of fixtures and appliances.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 71
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: MISCELLANEOUS
Project: Sidewalk Repair Program
Description:
Projected Timing: Future Projects
Start Date: Winter 2023 TBD
End Date (Estimated): Spring 2023 TBD
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ 10,000$ ‐$ ‐$ 12,000$ ‐$ 22,000$ Construction: $ 11,997 12,500$ ‐$ ‐$ 13,000$ ‐$ 37,497$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 11,997 22,500$ ‐$ ‐$ 25,000$ ‐$ 59,497$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer $ 11,997 22,500$
Total $ 11,997 22,500$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Funds maintenance of sidewalk improvements;
majority of costs are passed through to property
owners once work is completed. Budgeted amounts
represent the City's share of these costs. The city will be entering the second year of a three year repair
cycle.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 72
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: MISCELLANEOUS
Project: Traffic Engineer Study
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Spring 2024
End Date (Estimated): Summer 2024
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: $ 11,972 ‐$ ‐$ 16,000 ‐ ‐$ 27,972$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 2,000$ ‐$ ‐$ 2,000$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 11,972 ‐$ ‐$ 18,000$ ‐$ ‐$ 29,972$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Not Applicable ‐$ ‐$
Total ‐$ ‐$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
For successful prosecution of traffic citations issued by the PD, it is necessary to have a licensed Traffic Engineer prepare a survey and file a report with the Marin Municipal Court. Work is undertaken every 5 years.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 73
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: MISCELLANEOUS
Project: Survey Monuments
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Spring 2024
End Date (Estimated): Spring 2024
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ 10,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 10,000$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: ‐$ ‐$ 10,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 10,000$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
Not Applicable ‐$ ‐$
Total ‐$ ‐$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
When funds are available the City moves forward with its program to establish horizontal survey control monuments city‐wide.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 74
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: MISCELLANEOUS
Project: Misc. Maintenance & Improvements
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date:
End Date (Estimated):
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ STAFF
Insp & Admin: ‐$ STAFF ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: $ 109,116 30,000$ 30,000$ 30,000$ 30,000$ 35,000$ 264,116$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 109,116 30,000$ 30,000$ 30,000$ 30,000$ 35,000$ 264,116$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer ‐$ 30,000$
Total ‐$ 30,000$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
Continuous
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
This item reserves funding for major drainage, park, landscape, building, lane, retaining wall and miscellaneous other projects. These are unexpected projects that arise and are brought to the attention of staff during each fiscal year.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 75
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: MISCELLANEOUS
Project: San Rafael Ave and City Hall Safety Improvements Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Summer 2022
End Date (Estimated): Fall 2023
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: $ 9,371 185,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 194,371$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 9,371 185,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 194,371$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer $ 9,371 185,000$
Total $ 9,371 185,000$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
Council identified pedestrian pathways and intersection improvements to the frontage of City Hall and on Lagoon Road as priorities. Project plans are in development. The total budget for this work, particularly the City Hall frontage, is still unknown and will be dependent on the City Council's selection of a preferred alternative. Solutions for the Lagoon Road site are near completion. The budget recommendation for FY 22/23 will fund improvements to visibility and safety near the Lagoon Road & Tiburon Multipurpose Trail connector, along with establishing a sidewalk from San Rafael Ave. & Lagoon Rd. to this point. Additional funds for City Hall frontage improvements in FY 22/23 will be allocated in next budget cycle following City Council Approval of a preferred design plan.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 76
Capital Project Sheets City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Category: MISCELLANEOUS
Project: Evacuation Assessment and Radio Purchase
Description:
Projected Timing:
Start Date: Summer 2022
End Date (Estimated): Fall 2022
Est. Actuals Budgeted
Total Budgeted Cost: Prior FY 22/23 FY 23/24 FY 24/25 FY 25/26 FY 26/27 Total Engineering & Design: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Insp & Admin: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Construction: $ 41,835 31,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 72,835$ Equipment: ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ Total: $ 41,835 31,000$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ ‐$ 72,835$ Est. Actuals Budgeted
Prior FY 22/23
General Fund Transfer $ 41,835 31,000$
Total $ 41,835 31,000$
Projected
Expenditures by Funding
Source:
City of Belvedere
Capital Improvement Projects
Fiscal Year 2022‐23
To better prepare the City for fire and other natural disasters, this line item will fund a consultant’s assessment of current evacuation strengths and vulnerabilities for Belvedere residents. This report will be presented to City Council along with recommended actions. This is a carryover item. A delay in this effort was necessary to allow for the city's setup and configuration of Zone Haven, a County‐wide evacuation software application that was implemented throughout FY 2021‐2022. Previous‐year funds were allocated to partially fund the purchase of new 2‐way radio equipment for the city’s Block Captain Program. This work has been completed.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 77
Five Year Forecast
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 78
Five Year Revenue and Expenditure Projections
FY22/23 to FY26/27
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
FY22/23 FY23/24 FY24/25 FY25/26 FY26/27
FUND/ACTIVITY PROPOSED BUDGET Projections Projections Projections Projections GENERAL FUND
Property Taxes: $6,750,871 $7,054,660 $7,407,393 $7,777,763 $8,166,651Local Non‐Property Taxes: 363,899 380,275 399,289 419,253 440,216Licenses & Permits: 515,547 538,746 562,990 591,139 620,696Fines & Forfeitures: 2,574 2,574 2,574 2,574 2,574Investments & Property: 49,354 49,354 49,354 49,354 49,354Revenue From Other Agencies: 424,022 189,983 198,532 208,459 218,882Service Charges: 438,766 458,510 479,143 503,101 528,256Miscellaneous Other Revenue: 37,000 38,480 40,212 42,222 44,333 TOTAL GENERAL FUND REVENUE $8,582,033 $8,712,582 $9,139,486 $9,593,864 $10,070,961 % Change over prior year 12.6% 1.5% 4.9% 5.0% 5.0%
FIRE FUND 1,061,453 1,101,789 1,143,657 1,187,116 1,232,226 % Change over prior year 6.4% 3.8% 3.8% 3.8% 3.8%
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT FUND 218,000 156,000 163,020 171,171 179,730 % Change over prior year ‐65.7% ‐28.4% 4.5% 5.0% 5.0%
ROAD IMPACT FEE FUND 175,750 183,659 191,923 201,520 211,596 % Change over prior year 0.0% 4.5% 4.5% 5.0% 5.0%
EQUIPMENT REPLACEMENT FUND 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 % Change over prior year 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
MEASURE A (Parks) FUND 13,000 13,520 14,128 14,835 15,577 % Change over prior year 0.0% 4.0% 4.5% 5.0% 5.0%
TOTAL REVENUE ‐ ALL FUNDS 10,051,235 10,168,550 10,653,215 11,169,505 11,711,089 % Change over prior year 6.4% 1.2% 4.8% 4.8% 4.8%
REVENUES
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 79
Five Year Revenue and Expenditure Projections
FY22/23 to FY26/27
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
FY22/23 FY23/24 FY24/25 FY25/26 FY26/27
FUND/ACTIVITY PROPOSED BUDGET Projections Projections Projections Projections GENERAL FUND
General Administration $1,182,298 $1,229,096 $1,277,308 $1,322,119 $1,381,312 Planning & Building $1,395,322 $1,451,080 $1,509,662 $1,559,567 $1,629,944Police $1,702,188 $1,768,393 $1,840,725 $2,101,459 $2,194,774Public Works $1,384,786 $1,424,750 $1,482,349 $1,530,576 $1,599,866Recreation (The Ranch) $64,592 $64,592 $64,072 $63,531 $62,969Non‐Departmental $674,637 $709,230 $758,044 $807,750 $868,631 TOTAL GENERAL FUND EXPENDITURES 6,403,822 6,647,141 6,932,160 7,385,001 7,737,496 % Change over prior year 4.6% 3.8% 4.3% 6.5% 4.8%
FIRE FUND 2,001,509 2,121,844 2,248,974 2,383,733 2,526,577 % Change over prior year 8.0% 6.0% 6.0% 6.0% 6.0%
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT FUND 679,500 338,880 334,080 207,634 620,315 % Change over prior year ‐64.3% ‐50.1% ‐1.4% ‐37.8% 198.8% ROAD IMPACT FEE FUND 295,000 192,600 274,792 371,532 358,108 % Change over prior year ‐50.0% ‐34.7% 42.7% 35.2% ‐3.6% MEASURE A (parks) FUND 13,000 13,520 14,128 14,835 15,577 % Change over prior year ‐78.9% 4.0% 4.5% 5.0% 5.0%
EQUIPMENT REPLACEMENT FUND 157,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 % Change over prior year 96.3% ‐80.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
PENSION‐RELATED DEBT OBLIGATION FUND 242,669 240,722 247,711 240,445 237,167 % Change over prior year ‐2.8% ‐0.8% 2.9% ‐2.9% ‐1.4%
TOTAL EXPENDITURES ‐ ALL FUNDS 9,792,500 9,584,706 10,081,845 10,633,179 11,525,240 % Change over prior year ‐8.5% ‐2.1% 5.2% 5.5% 8.4%
EXPENDITURES
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 80
Five Year Revenue and Expenditure Projections
FY22/23 to FY26/27
City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
FY22/23 FY23/24 FY24/25 FY25/26 FY26/27
PROPOSED BUDGET Projections Projections Projections Projections Prior Year General Fund Balance 4,743,611 $ 4, $ 4, 102,346 $ 4, 386,190 $ 4, 657,560 $ 893,887 General Fund Revenues 8,582,033 8,712,582 9,139,486 9,593,864 10,070,961General Fund Expenditures (6,403,822) (6,647,141) (6,932,160) (7,385,001) (7,737,496)Transfers out of General Fund (2,819,474) (1,781,598) (1,935,956) (1,972,537) (2,147,615) Projected General Fund Balance 4,102,346 4,386,190 4,657,560 4,893,887 5,079,736 General Fund Reserve Calculations
Projected GF Expenses + Fire Tfr + Debt Svc 7,907,917 8,285,188 8,822,063 9,269,014 9,769,227Reserve (50% of Proj GF + Fire + Debt Svc) 3,953,958 4,142,594 4,411,032 4,634,507 4,884,613 Over (Under) Reserve Policy 148,388 243,596 246,529 259,380 195,122 GF balance as % of Operating Expenses 52% 53% 53% 53% 52% GENERAL FUND RESERVE PROJECTIONS
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 81
Fund Balance Summaries City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
FY22/23 Budget Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Fund # Fund Name
Fund
Balance
7/1/2022
Revenues Expenditures Transfers in/(out) Fund Balance 6/30/2023 100 General Fund 4,743,610 8,582,033 (6,403,822) (2,819,474) 4,102,346 130 Fire Fund 0 1,061,453 (2,001,509) 940,056 0160 Insurance Reserve Fund 57,329 0 00 57,329 115 Pension 115 Trust Fund 1,801,913 0 0 300,000 2,101,913 500 Pension‐related Debt Obligation Fund 0 0 (242,669) 242,669 0 900 Capital Improvement Fund 0 218,000 (779,500) 561,500 0901 Road Impact Fee Fund 0 175,750 (195,000) 19,250 0902 Measure A Parks Fund 0 13,000 (13,000) 0903 Critical Infrastructure Fund 400,000 0 0 600,000 1,000,000210 Equipment Replacement Fund 0 1,000 (157,000) 156,000 0 Total City Funds 7,002,853 10,051,236 (9,792,500) 0 7,261,589 FY23/24 General Fund Expenses + Fire Transfer + Pension Debt 7,907,917General Fund Reserve Policy 50% 3,953,958Projected General Fund Balance 6/30/23 52% 4,102,346Over (Under) Policy 148,388 Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 82
Fund Balance Summaries City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
FY23/24 Projection (Year 2) Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Fund # Fund Name
Fund
Balance
7/1/2023
Revenues Expenditures Transfers in/(out) Fund Balance 6/30/2024 100 General Fund 4,102,346 8,712,582 (6,647,141) (1,781,598) 4,386,190130 Fire Fund 0 1,101,789 (2,121,844) 1,020,055 0 160 Insurance Reserve Fund 57,329 0 00 57,329
115 Pension 115 Trust Fund 2,101,913 0 0 300,000 2,401,913500 Pension‐related Debt Obligation Fund 0 0 (240,722) 240,722 0 900 Capital Improvement Fund 0 156,000 (338,880) 182,880 0 901 Road Impact Fee Fund 0 183,659 (192,600) 8,941 0
902 Measure A Parks Fund 0 13,520 (13,520) 0903 Critical Infrastructure Fund 1,000,000 0 0 0 1,000,000210 Equipment Replacement Fund 0 1,000 (30,000) 29,000 0 Total City Funds 7,261,589 10,168,550 (9,584,706) 0 7,845,433 FY24/25 General Fund Expenses + Fire Transfer + Pension Debt 8,285,188General Fund Reserve Policy 50% 4,142,594Projected General Fund Balance 6/30/24 53% 4,386,190Over (Under) Policy 243,596 Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 83
Fund Balance Summaries City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
FY24/25 Projection (Year 3) Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Fund # Fund Name
Fund
Balance
7/1/2024
Revenues Expenditures Transfers in/(out) Fund Balance 6/30/2025 100 General Fund 4,386,190 9,139,486 (6,932,160) (1,935,956) 4,657,560 130 Fire Fund 0 1,143,657 (2,248,974) 1,105,318 0
160 Insurance Reserve Fund 57,329 0 00 57,329115 Pension 115 Trust Fund 2,401,913 0 0 300,000 2,701,913500 Pension‐related Debt Obligation Fund 0 0 (247,711) 247,711 0 900 Capital Improvement Fund 0 163,020 (334,080) 171,060 0901 Road Impact Fee Fund 0 191,923 (274,792) 82,869 0902 Measure A Parks Fund 0 14,128 (14,128) 0903 Critical Infrastructure Fund 1,000,000 0 0 0 1,000,000210 Equipment Replacement Fund 0 1,000 (30,000) 29,000 0 Total City Funds 7,845,433 10,653,215 (10,081,845) 0 8,416,803 FY25/26 General Fund Expenses + Fire Transfer + Pension Debt 8,822,063General Fund Reserve Policy 50% 4,411,032Projected General Fund Balance 6/30/25 53% 4,657,560Over (Under) Policy 246,529 Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 84
Fund Balance Summaries City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
FY25/26 Projection (Year 4) Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Fund # Fund Name
Fund
Balance
7/1/2025
Revenues Expenditures Transfers in/(out) Fund Balance 6/30/2026 100 General Fund 4,657,560 9,593,864 (7,385,001) (1,972,537) 4,893,887 130 Fire Fund 0 1,187,116 (2,383,733) 1,196,617 0
160 Insurance Reserve Fund 57,329 0 00 57,329
115 Pension 115 Trust Fund 2,701,913 0 0 300,000 3,001,913 500 Pension‐related Debt Obligation Fund 0 0 (240,445) 240,445 0 900 Capital Improvement Fund 0 171,171 (207,634) 36,463 0 901 Road Impact Fee Fund 0 201,520 (371,532) 170,012 0
902 Measure A Parks Fund 0 14,835 (14,835) 0
903 Critical Infrastructure Fund 1,000,000 0 0 0 1,000,000 210 Equipment Replacement Fund 0 1,000 (30,000) 29,000 0 Total City Funds 8,416,803 11,169,505 (10,633,179) (0) 8,953,129FY26/27 General Fund Expenses + Fire Transfer + Pension Debt 9,269,014General Fund Reserve Policy 50% 4,634,507Projected General Fund Balance 6/30/25 53% 4,893,887Over (Under) Policy 259,380 Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 85
Fund Balance Summaries City of Belvedere
Operating and Capital Budget
FY26/27 Projection (Year 5) Fiscal Year 2022/2023
Fund # Fund Name
Fund
Balance
7/1/2026
Revenues Expenditures Transfers in/(out) Fund Balance 6/30/2027 100 General Fund 4,893,887 10,070,961 (7,737,496) (2,147,615) 5,079,736 130 Fire Fund 0 1,232,226 (2,526,577) 1,294,351 0
160 Insurance Reserve Fund 57,329 0 00 57,329115 Pension 115 Trust Fund 3,001,913 0 00 3,001,913 500 Pension‐related Debt Obligation Fund 0 0 (237,167) 237,167 0900 Capital Improvement Fund 0 179,730 (620,315) 440,586 0 901 Road Impact Fee Fund 0 211,596 (358,108) 146,513 0
902 Measure A Parks Fund 0 15,577 (15,577) 0
903 Critical Infrastructure Fund 1,000,000 0 0 0 1,000,000210 Equipment Replacement Fund 0 1,000 (30,000) 29,000 0 Total City Funds 8,953,129 11,711,089 (11,525,240) 0 9,138,978 FY27/28 General Fund Expenses + Fire Transfer + Pension Debt 9,769,227General Fund Reserve Policy 50% 4,884,613Projected General Fund Balance 6/30/25 52% 5,079,736Over (Under) Policy 195,122 Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022 86
Appendix
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
In 1979, California voters approved Proposition 4 (Article XIII-B of the California State Constitution).
Informally known as the “Gann Initiative,” Article XIII-B provides limits to the amount of tax proceeds state and local governments can spend each year. In 1980, the State Legislature added Section 9710 of the Government Code stating that the governing body of each City must establish, by resolution, an appropriations limit for the following year. The limit for any fiscal year is equal to the previous year’s limit, adjusted for population changes and the change in the U.S. Consumer Price Index (or California per capital personal income, if smaller). The necessary statistical information is provided by the California Department of Finance.
In 1990, Proposition 111 modified Article XIII-B. A city may choose which annual adjustments to use.
The adjustment factors include the growth in the California Per Capita Income or the growth in the nonresidential assessed valuation due to construction within the city, and the population growth within the city or county. The table below illustrates the computation used to derive the FY 2022-23 appropriation limits.
AMOUNT SOURCE
A. PRIOR YEAR LIMIT $ 3,503,701
B. ADJUSTMENT FACTORS
1. Population % 0.9891
Greater of City or County
population percent increase
2. Inflation% State Finance/Assessor 1.0755
3. Total Adjustment % 1.0637 (B1*B2)
C. THIS YEAR'S LIMIT
1. Current year limit calculation 3,726,887 (A*B3)
2. Voter approved additional amt 1,061,453 Fire Tax Assessment D. TOTAL CURRENT YEAR LIMIT $ 4,788,340 (C1+C2)
RESOURCES SUBJECT TO LIMITATION:
PROCEEDS OF TAXES
Property Taxes $ 6,750,871
Sales Taxes 122,654
Business Licenses 53,745
HOPTR 21,461
Interest Income Earned from Taxes 13,040
TOTAL SUBJECT TO LIMITATIONS $ 6,961,771
EXCLUSIONS $ (2,592,689)
APPROPRIATIONS SUBJECT TO LIMITATION $ 4,369,082
$ 4,788,340
(4,369,082)
BALANCE UNDER ARTICLE XIIB LIMIT: $ 419,258
Maximum allowable appropriation subject to
limitations 2022-2023 fiscal year:
Less: Total appropriation subject to limitation
for 2022-2023 fiscal year:
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
A-1
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
A-2
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A-3
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
POLICY 2.1 – FINANCIAL STRUCTURE
2.1.1 ACCOUNTING SYSTEM AND BUDGETARY CONTROL
In developing and evaluating the City’s accounting systems, consideration is given to the adequacy of internal accounting controls. Internal accounting controls are designed to provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance regarding: 1) the safeguarding of assets against loss from unauthorized use or disposition; and 2) the reliability of financial records for preparing financial statements and maintaining accountability for assets.
The concept of reasonable assurance recognizes that: 1) the cost of a specific control should not exceed the benefits likely to be derived; and 2) the evaluation of costs and benefits require estimates and judgments by management. All evaluations of the City’s system of internal control will continue to occur within the above framework. The City’s internal accounting controls adequately safeguard assets and provide reasonable assurance of proper recording of financial transactions.
2.1.2 FUND DESCRIPTIONS
The City’s accounting records are organized and operate on a “fund” basis, which is the basic fiscal accounting entity in governmental accounting. Each fund is designated by fund type and classification:
• Governmental Funds ‐ General, Special Revenue, and Capital Projects • Proprietary Fund ‐ Internal Service
• Fiduciary Funds ‐ Trust and Agency
• Account Groups ‐ General Fixed Assets and General Long‐Term Debt
2.1.3 GOVERNMENTAL FUNDS
Governmental Funds are used to account for the City’s expendable financial resources and related current liabilities, except for those accounted for in proprietary funds. The basic financial statements necessary to fairly present financial position and operating results for governmental funds are the balance sheet and the statement of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balance. Governmental funds are maintained using the modified accrual basis of accounting. General Fund – The General Fund is the general operating fund of the City. All general tax revenues and other receipts that are not allocated by law or contractual agreement to some other fund are accounted for in this fund. Expenditures of this fund include the general operating expenses and capital improvement costs which are not paid through other funds.
Special Revenue Fund – The Special Revenue Funds are used to account for revenues derived from specific sources, which are usually required by law or administrative regulation to be accounted for in a separate fund.
Capital Improvement Fund – The Capital Improvement Fund is used to account for financial resources used for the acquisition or construction of major capital facilities.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐4
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
2.1.4 PROPRIETARY FUNDS
Generally accepted accounting principles applicable to a private commercial business are applicable to proprietary funds of a governmental entity. The accrual basis of accounting is utilized. The measurement focus is based upon a determination of net income, financial position and cash flows. Accordingly, basic financial statements are required, such as balance sheet, statement of revenues, expenses and changes in retained earnings (deficit), and the statement of cash flows. The City does not have any proprietary funds.
2.1.5 FIDUCIARY FUNDS
Fiduciary Funds are used to account for money and property held by the City as trustee or custodian for individuals, organizations and other governmental units. Fiduciary funds are not incorporated in the City’s budget.
2.1.6 ACCOUNT GROUPS
Account Groups are used to establish accounting control and accountability for the City’s general fixed assets and general long‐term debt.
a. General Fixed Assets Account Group – this account group is used to maintain control and cost information on capital assets owned by the City. b. General Long‐Term Account Group – this account group is used to account for all long‐ term debt of the City.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐5
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
POLICY 2.2 – FUND BALANCE AND RESERVE POLICIES
2.2.1 FUND BALANCE – CLASSIFICATIONS
The City has adopted the provisions of GASB Statement No. 54, Fund Balance and Governmental Fund Type Definitions. GASB 54 establishes Fund Balance classifications based largely upon the extent to which a government is bound to observe constraints imposed upon the use of the resources reported in governmental funds. The Governmental Fund statements conform to this new classification.
The Fund Financial Statements consist of Nonspendable, Restricted, Committed, Assigned and Unassigned amounts as described below:
Nonspendable:
Items that cannot be spent because they are not in spendable form, such as prepaid items, or items that are legally or contractually required to be maintained intact, such as principal of an endowment or revolving loan fund.
Restricted:
Restricted fund balances encompass the portion of net fund resources subject to externally enforceable legal restrictions. This includes externally imposed restrictions by creditors (such as through debt covenants), grantors, contributors, laws or regulations of other governments, as well as restrictions imposed by law through constitutional provisions or enabling legislation.
Committed:
Committed fund balances encompass the portion of net fund resources, the use of which is constrained by limitations that the government imposes upon itself at its highest level of decision making (normally the governing body) and that remain binding unless removed in the same manner. The City Council is considered the highest authority for the City and can commit funds through resolutions.
Assigned:
Assigned fund balances encompass the portion of net fund resources reflecting the government's intended use of resources. Assignment of resources can be done by the highest level of decision making or by a committee or official designated for that purpose. The City Council has the authority to assign funds in Belvedere and can assign funds through the budgetary process.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐6
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
Unassigned:
This category is for any balances that have no restrictions placed upon them. The general fund is the only fund that reports a positive unassigned fund balance amount. In other governmental funds it is not appropriate to report a positive unassigned fund balance amount. However, in governmental funds other than the general fund, if expenditures incurred for specific purposes exceed the amounts that are restricted, committed, or assigned to those purposes, it may be necessary to report a negative unassigned fund balance in that fund.
2.2.2 FUND RESERVES
The City Council may elect to establish General Fund Reserve Policy/Guidelines. These Policy/Guidelines may be updated, modified and revised as determined by the Council. At the time of adoption of this Finance Policy, there are three such Policies/Guidelines: General Fund Reserve, 115 Pension Trust Reserve, and Insurance Reserve.
A. General Fund Reserve:
Target: The City shall endeavor to achieve at year end a General Fund Reserve that totals six months of the projected fiscal year’s General Fund expenditures, plus one half of the current fiscal year’s General Fund transfer to the Fire Fund, plus one half of the current fiscal year’s debt service payments. In calculating the six months of the current fiscal year’s expenditures, transfers to the City’s 115 Pension Trust and/or any additional discretionary payments made to CalPERS will not be included because they are discretionary in nature.
Purpose: Funds reserved under this category shall be used in case of catastrophic events, for budget stabilization purposes, or for capital and special projects:
o Catastrophic events: Funds reserved shall be used to mitigate costs associated with unforeseen emergencies, including natural disasters or catastrophic events.
Should unforeseen and unavoidable events occur that require the expenditure of City resources beyond those provided for in the annual budget, the City Manager or designee shall have authority to approve Catastrophic General Fund Reserve appropriations. The City Manager or designee shall then present to the City Council a budget amendment confirming the nature of the emergency and authorizing the appropriation of reserve funds.
o Budget stabilization: Funds reserved shall be used to mitigate, should they occur, annual budget revenue shortfalls (actual revenues less than projected revenues) due to changes in the economic environment and/or one‐time expenditures that will result in future efficiencies and/or budgetary savings.
Examples of “economic triggers” and one‐time uses include, but are not limited to:
Significant decrease in property tax, or other economically sensitive revenues;
Reductions in revenue due to actions by the state/federal government; Workflow/technical system improvements to reduce ongoing, personnel costs and enhance customer service;
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐7
APPENDIX
Finance Policies One‐time maintenance of
service levels due to significant economic/budget constraints; and One‐time transitional costs associated with organizational restructuring to secure long‐term personnel cost savings.
o Capital and Special Projects: Funds reserved may be designated by the City Council for key infrastructure and capital/special projects as identified in the City 5‐year Capital Improvement Plan, as there is no ongoing funding source to support the City’s capital needs.
Classification: The General Fund Reserve is classified as “Assigned” in the City’s financial statements.
B. 115 Pension Trust Reserve:
Target: An annual amount as determined by the funding calculation prescribed in Policy
2.3.1.5. Purpose: The purpose of the 115 Pension Trust is to set aside an appropriate level of funds to fully fund accrued pension obligations at a more prudential rate. City Council approval is required to transfer accumulated funds in the 115 Pension Trust to CalPERS as an additional discretionary payment or to offset a portion of the actuarially determined contribution.
Classification: The 115 Pension Trust Reserve Fund is classified as “Restricted” in the City’s financial statements.
C. Insurance Reserve:
Target: Reserves shall be maintained between $50,000 and $100,000 to allow for emergencies and numerous or large claims. Reserves shall be replenished through subsequent charges to the appropriate user departments. Purpose: This Fund is designed to cover claims and deductibles related to property and casualty insurance claims.
Classification: The Insurance Reserve Fund is classified as “Assigned” in the City’s financial statements.
D. Critical Infrastructure Reserve:
Target: This reserve does not have a specific dollar target. Purpose: The Critical Infrastructure Reserve is available to provide resources for potential future seawall and levee maintenance projects at Beach Road and San Rafael Avenue; both planned and emergency repair projects. The reserve is designed to reduce the City’s future needs for borrowing or bonding on these projects and could also be used as required grant matching funds. If these projects to not come to fruition, these funds would be returned to the general fund.
Classification: The Seawall Reserve Fund is classified as “Assigned” in the City’s financial statements.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐8
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
POLICY 2.3 – PENSION/OPEB FUNDING
2.3.1 PENSIONS
2.3.1.1 Purpose and Goals
The City of Belvedere is committed to fiscal sustainability. In keeping with this principle, it maintains minimal debt and generous reserves to cope with exogenous shocks. The City is also committed to honoring its pension obligations. One of the biggest threats to the City’s ongoing fiscal sustainability is its rising pension costs. The overarching goal of this Policy is to avoid the risk of crowding out vital public services in future years, and to provide balance sheet space to finance essential infrastructure projects in the years ahead, by funding its accrued pension obligations at a more prudential rate. This Policy also formalizes a past practice of using excess reserves to make discretionary payments to CalPERS whenever affordable.
Development of the City’s Pension Funding Policy was guided by the following five tenets:
• The cost of employee benefits should be paid by the generation of taxpayers who receives services.
• Actuarial assumptions should be prudential to ensure that promised benefits can be paid.
• Funding shortfalls should be closed expeditiously. The goal is full funding. • Large swings in employer contribution rates are undesirable. Smoothing is desirable. • Funding policies and underlying assumptions should be clearly delineated and regularly reviewed.
2.3.1.2 Policy
The City shall seek to achieve full funding, over twenty years, of its pension obligations. This means that the City shall seek to have assets to cover 100% of accrued pension liabilities valued at a prudential discount rate (CalPERS discount rate adjusted to reflect real anticipated performance) by 2031 and beyond. This calibrates with CalPERS own amortization rules, which allow losses (or gains) to be amortized over 20 years.
2.3.1.3 Establishing and Funding a Section 115 Trust
The City shall establish a Section 115 Trust (“Trust”) into which it will invest funds reserved for future pension‐related expenses. The City has elected to participate in the California Employers’ Pension Prefunding Trust (CEPPT) Fund 115 Trust program. The City will provide an initial investment using a dollar average formula into this Trust during a fifteen‐month period beginning in Fiscal Year 20/21 and will make annual contributions to the Trust in amounts determined by the Finance Committee and approved by the City Council beginning in Fiscal Year 21/22. Funds set aside by the City for this purpose will be transmitted to the Trust no less than annually. The assets will be managed conservatively; the City has selected CEPPT investment Strategy 1 which reflects the City’s general risk aversion and pension plan maturity.
2.3.1.4 Role of the Finance Committee
The City’s Finance Committee will conduct a standing pension funding review at least every five years to reset the discount rate (adjusting for CalPERS’ discount rate based on latest available Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐9
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
evidence), set annual funding costs,
and fix payments until the next review. The Finance Committee will also review the investment strategy utilized in the 115 Pension Trust and recommend changes if deemed appropriate. It may also recommend transferring money from the Trust to CalPERS or making a discretionary payment to the Trust or CalPERS from excess reserves if any exist at that time. The Finance Committee will send its recommendations to the City Council for its consideration.
2.3.1.5 Determination of Funding Amounts
In developing its recommendations to the City Council, the Finance Committee will review CalPERS’ current discount rate (i.e., expected rate of return on its investments), CalPERS’ actual investment performance during the review period, and other relevant factors. The Committee will set an adjusted discount rate (or putative rate) that it believes to be more realistic than the discount rate set by CalPERS and will determine the amounts that should be set aside in the Trust to ensure full funding over the requisite period. These amounts will be determined by using the CalPERS Pension Outlook Tool or substantially similar methodology. Should CalPERS require additional payments from the City due to a reduction in CalPERS’ discount rate, the City may elect to reduce its transfers to the 115 Trust by an equal amount.
2.3.1.6 Financial Reporting
The City recognizes the importance of ensuring that pension obligations included in the City’s financial statements, particularly its Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, are consistent with CalPERS, and will continue to use CalPERS’ discount rate for these purposes. This facilitates easy comparison with other agencies and avoids possible negative impacts on perceived credit quality. The City equally recognizes the importance of communicating its pension stewardship. It will therefore include an annual pension update, describing its pension funding policy, Trust assets and adjusted funded status in its annual budget report. Appropriate disclosures of the 115 Trust investments will be reported in the City’s financial statements, consistent with GASB required standards.
2.3.1.7 Effect on Reserve Requirements
The City maintains a robust minimum reserve policy, with reserves required to equal no less than six months of general fund operating expenses, debt financing costs and fire contract costs net of fire tax revenues. Transfers to the Trust and additional discretionary payments made to CalPERS will be excluded from the reserve requirement calculation (denominator) because they are discretionary in nature. This is consistent with the City’s existing treatment of discretionary payments to CalPERS and internal money transfers.
2.3.1.8 Employee Contributions
In accordance with PEPRA guidelines and compatible with other local agencies, the City will work over time to increase Classic employee contribution rates to 8.0% of salary for Miscellaneous employees and to 12.0% of salary for Safety workers.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐10
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
2.3.2 OTHER POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFIT (OPEB)
The City offers OPEB health benefits to employees who meet CalPERS vesting requirements.
The benefit provided to City retirees is the minimum amount allowable under the CalPERS health plan, with the exception of two former City Manager retirees, who receive a more generous benefit. This benefit is funded on a pay‐go method, with no funds set aside in a trust for this purpose.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐11
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
POLICY 2.4 – BUDGET AND LONG-TERM PLANNING
2.4.1 POLICY
The budget shall serve as a principal management tool for the City administration and be used to allocate the City’s resources. The budget document should also serve as a helpful tool for citizens in understanding the operations and costs of City services. In general, ongoing appropriations should be supported by ongoing revenues, and the City should maintain healthy reserves.
Each year, the City Manager develops and presents an annual budget to the City Council for its consideration. The development of the budget is a cooperative effort involving the participation of each department head. Each department head is then accountable to the budget, as enacted by the City Council, meaning that he/she must ensure that departmental spending is in accordance with the budget. Department heads may seek approval from the City Manager to adjust departmental spending, and the City Manager is authorized to transfer appropriations within each fund.
2.4.2 BUDGET BASIS
The budgets of general government‐type funds (for example, the general fund, and gas tax funds) are prepared on a spending measurement focus. Briefly, this means that only current assets and current liabilities are included on the balance sheets. The modified accrual basis of accounting is followed. Under the modified accrual basis of accounting, revenues are susceptible to accrual when they become both measurable and available. Expenditures, other than interest on long‐term debt, are recorded when a current liability is incurred.
The Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR) shows the status of the City’s finances on the basis of “generally accepted accounting principles” (GAAP). In most cases, this conforms to the way the City prepares the budget. One exception is the treatment of compensated absences. Compensated absences, including accrued but unused administrative leave, compensatory time and vacation leave, are treated slightly different in the budget than in the CAFR.
2.4.3 RESPONSIBILITY
The City Manager is responsible for preparing an annual budget for consideration by the City Council.
2.4.4 BUDGET PREPARATION AND TIMELINE
The process of developing the operating budget begins in March of each year. The budget preparation process provides department heads an opportunity to examine programs; propose changes in current services; recommend revisions in organizations and methods; and outline requirements for capital outlay items. The City’s executive team reviews departmental budget proposals and recommends adjustments to the City Manager.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐12
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
During budget review, the City Manager assesses requests for new positions, and prioritizes operating and capital budget requirements. The Finance Committee, which consists of five members chosen by the City Council, the Mayor, the Vice‐Mayor and the City Manager, then reviews the draft budget and makes a recommendation to the City Council.
In May of each year, the City Manager presents the draft budget and 5‐year projection to the City Council for its consideration, along with the recommendation of the Finance Committee.
Generally, a final budget is adopted, by resolution, in June. Each fiscal year begins on July 1.
2.4.5 OPERATING BUDGET OBJECTIVES
In general, ongoing operating costs should be supported by ongoing stable revenue sources.
This protects the City from fluctuating services levels and avoids crises when one‐time revenues are reduced or removed. Listed below are some additional considerations:
End of year fund balances or contingency accounts should only be used for one‐time expenditures, such as capital equipment and capital improvements. Ongoing maintenance costs, such as street resurfacing and parks maintenance, should be financed through recurring operating revenues rather than through bond issuance. One‐time federal grants should not be used to fund ongoing programs.
2.4.6 REVENUE OBJECTIVES
The City will seek to maintain a diversified and stable revenue system to ensure ongoing fiscal health and the capacity for absorbing short‐run fluctuations in any single revenue source.
The City Manager shall review the encumbrances and continuing appropriations to be submitted to the City Council for approval from one fiscal year to the next fiscal year. These encumbrances and continuing appropriations shall become a part of the City’s budget.
2.4.7 CAPITAL BUDGET
The Budget shall include a Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) with a discussion of capital projects that are to be funded over a five‐year period. Consistent with the CIP, the Budget shall also include a one‐year Capital Improvement Budget, which details capital expenditures for the upcoming fiscal year. Although the CIP may identify “unfunded” projects that carry out the City’s strategic and general plans, the Capital Improvement Budget must be fully funded with funds projected to be available during the fiscal year. Management should assess the ongoing impact that any given capital project may have on current and future operating budgets when considering whether to include the project in the budget.
2.4.8 BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION
A budgetary control system is maintained to ensure compliance with the budget. The Administrative Services Manager is responsible for setting up the budget for tracking purposes, Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐13
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
and is charged with ensuring that
funds remain available during the year to cover expenditures and appropriations. Reports comparing the budget with expenditures are generated on a monthly basis and are provided to department heads and the City Manager.
2.4.9 BALANCED BUDGET
A balanced budget is achieved when the General Fund Reserve Policy (Policy 2.2.2.A) is met.
2.4.10 BUDGET REVISION
The City Manager is authorized to transfer budget appropriations within the same fund.
Additional appropriations, or inter‐fund transfers not included in the original budget resolution, require approval by the City Council. Use of unappropriated reserves must be approved by the City Council.
2.4.11 LONG-TERM PLANNING
Each annual budget will be accompanied by a five‐year financial forecast. This forecast will be integrated with the City’s General Plan and Strategic Plan. The forecast will also be reviewed with respect to the City’s long‐term financial goals and polices.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐14
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
POLICY 2.6 – DEBT
2.6.1 PURPOSE
This Debt Policy is intended to comply with Government Code Section 8855(i), effective on January 1, 2017, and may be amended by the City Council as it deems appropriate from time to time in the prudent management of the debt of the City. This Debt Policy shall govern all debt undertaken by the City, the Authority (defined below), and any other subordinate entities of the City for which the City Council serves as the governing board.
2.6.2 BELVEDERE PUBLIC FINANCING AUTHORITY
The Belvedere Public Financing Authority (the “Authority”) was formed in May 2016 and is a joint exercise of powers authority organized and existing under and by virtue of Articles 1 through 4 (commencing with Section 6500) of Chapter 5 of Division 7 of Title 1 of the California Government Code. The Authority is authorized to issue its revenue bonds pursuant to the Marks‐Roos Local Bond Pooling Act of 1985, being Article 4 of Chapter 5 of Division 7 of Title 1 of the California Government Code. As the legislative body of the City, the Belvedere Council acts as the Governing Board of the Authority.
2.6.3 IN GENERAL
The City recognizes that a fiscally‐prudent debt policy is required in order to:
Maintain the City’s sound financial position;
Ensure that the City has the flexibility to respond to changes in future service priorities, revenue levels and operation expenses;
Protect the City’s creditworthiness;
Ensure that debt is structured in order to protect both current and future taxpayers, ratepayers and constituents of the City;
Ensure that the City’s debt profile is consistent with the City’s planning goals and capital improvement needs.
2.6.4 PURPOSES FOR WHICH DEBT MAY BE ISSUED
Long-Term Debt
Long‐term debt may be issued to finance the construction, acquisition and rehabilitation of capital improvements and facilities, equipment and land to be owned and operation by the City.
Long‐term debt financings are appropriate when the following conditions exist:
The project to be financed is necessary for providing basic services; The project to be financed will provide benefit to constituents over multiple years; Total debt does not constitute an unreasonable burden on the City and its taxpayers; The new debt is used to refinance outstanding debt in order to produce debt service savings or realize the benefits of a debt restructuring – for example, in the case of using Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐15
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
pension obligation bonds to
restructure obligations associated with defined‐benefit pensions.
Long‐term debt will not generally be considered appropriate for current operation expenses or routine maintenance expenses.
The City may use long‐term debt financings subject to the following conditions:
The project to be financed must be approved by the City Council; The weighted average maturity of the debt (or the portion of the debt allocated to the project) will not exceed 120% of the average reasonably expected economic life of the project to be financed.
The City estimates that sufficient revenues will be available to service the debt through its maturity;
The City determines that the issuance of the debt will comply with applicable state and federal law.
Short-Term Debt
Short‐term debt may be issued to provide financing for the City’s operational cash flows in order to maintain a steady and even cash flow balance. Short‐term debt may also be used to finance short‐lived capital projects; for example, the City may undertake a lease‐purchase financing for equipment.
Financings on Behalf of Other Entities
The City may also find it beneficial to issue debt on behalf of other governmental agencies in order to further the public purposes of the City. In such cases, the City shall take reasonable steps to confirm the financial feasibility of the project to be financed and the financial solvency of any borrower and that the issuance of such debt is consistent with the policies set forth herein.
2.6.5 TYPES OF DEBT
The following types of debt are allowable:
General Obligation bonds (GO Bonds)
Bond or grant anticipation notes (BANs)
Lease revenue bonds, certificates of participation (COPs) and lease‐purchase transactions
Other revenue bonds and COPs
Tax and revenue anticipation notes (TRANs)
Land‐secured financings, such as special tax bonds issued under the Mello‐Roos Community Facilities Act of 1982, and limited obligation bonds issued under applicable assessment statutes
Tax‐increment financing to the extent permitted by State law Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐16
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
Debt shall be issued as fixed rate debt
unless the City makes a specific determination as to why a variable rate issue would be beneficial to the City in a specific circumstance.
2.6.6 RELATIONSHIP OF DEBT TO CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM AND BUDGET
The City is committed to long‐term capital planning. The City could issue debt for the purposes stated in this Debt Policy and to implement policy decisions incorporated in the City’s capital budget and capital improvement plan.
The City shall strive to fund the upkeep and maintenance of its infrastructure and facilities due to normal wear and tear through the expenditure of available operating revenues. The City shall seek to avoid the use of debt to fund infrastructure and facilities improvements that are the result of normal wear and tear.
The City shall integrate its debt issuances with the goals of its capital improvement program by timing the issuance of debt to ensure that projects are available when needed in furtherance of the City’s public purposes.
The City shall seek to avoid the use of debt to fund infrastructure and facilities improvements in circumstances when the sole purpose of such debt financing is to reduce annual budgetary expenditures.
The City shall seek to issue debt in a timely manner to avoid having to make unplanned expenditures for capital improvements or equipment from its general fund.
2.6.7 POLICY GOALS RELATED TO PLANNING GOALS AND OBJECTIVES The City is committed to long‐term financial planning, maintaining appropriate reserve levels and employing prudent practices in governance, management and budget administration. The City would issue debt for the purposed stated in this Debt Policy and in order to implement policy decisions incorporated in the City’s annual operations budget.
It is a policy goal of the City to protect taxpayers, ratepayers (if applicable), and constituents by utilizing conservative financing methods and techniques so as to obtain the highest practical credit ratings (if applicable) and the lowest practical borrowing costs.
The City will comply with applicable state and federal law as it pertains to the maximum term of debt and the procedures for levying and imposing any related taxes, assessments, rates, or charges.
When refinancing debt, it shall be a policy goal of the City to realize, whenever possible, and subject to any overriding non‐financial policy considerations, (i) minimum net present value debt service savings equal to or greater than 3.0% of the refunded principal amount, and (ii) present value debt service savings equal to or greater than 100% of any escrow fund negative arbitrage.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐17
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
2.6.8 INTERNAL CONTROL
PROCEDURES
When issuing debt, in addition to complying with the terms of this Debt Policy, the City shall comply with any other applicable policies regarding initial bond disclosure, continuing disclosure, post‐issuance compliance, and investment of bond proceeds.
Without limiting the foregoing, the City will periodically review the requirements of and will remain in compliance with the following:
Any continuing disclosure undertakings entered into by the City in accordance with SEC Rule 15c2‐12;
Annual debt transparency report obligations under Government Code section 8855(k); Any federal tax compliance requirements, including, without limitation, arbitrage and rebate compliance;
The City’s investment policies as they relate to the use and investment of bond proceeds.
Proceeds of debt will be held either (a) by a third‐party trustee or fiscal agent, which will disburse such proceeds to or upon the order of the City upon the submission of one or more written requisitions by the Administrative Services Manager, or (b) by the City, to be held and accounted for in a separate fund account, the expenditure of which will be carefully documented by the City.
2.6.9 BOND DISCLOSURE
Official Statements
The City’s chief financial officer, city manager and other appropriate City staff members shall review any Official Statement prepared in connection with any debt issuance by the City in order to ensure there are no misstatements or omissions of material information in any sections that contain descriptions of information prepared by the City.
In connection with its review of the Official Statement, the appropriate City staff members shall consult with third parties, including outside professionals assisting the City, and all members of City staff, to the extent needed to ensure that the Official Statement will include all “material” information (as defined for purposes of federal securities law).
All Official Statements shall be submitted to the City Council for approval as a new business matter and not as a consent item. The City Council shall undertake such review as deemed necessary by the City Council, following consultation with appropriate City staff members, to fulfill the City Council’s responsibilities under applicable securities laws.
Continuing Disclosure Filings
Under the continuing disclosure undertakings that the City has entered into in connection with its debt offerings, the City is required each year to file annual reports with the Municipal Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
City of Belvedere
Operating & Capital Budget
Fiscal Year 2022/2023
A‐18
APPENDIX
Finance Policies
Securities Rulemaking Board’s
Electronic Municipal Market Access (“EMMA”) system in accordance with such undertakings.
Such annual reports are required to include certain updated financial and operating information, and the City’s audited financial statements. The City is also required under its continuing disclosure undertakings to file notices of certain events with EMMA.
The City’s Chief Financial Officer shall establish a system (which may involve the retention or one or more consultants) by which the City will:
Make the annual filings required by its continuing disclosure undertakings on a complete and timely basis, and
File notices of enumerated events on a timely basis.
Public Statements
Whenever the City makes statements or releases information relating to its finances to the public that are reasonably expected to reach investors and the trading markets, the City is obligated to ensure that such statements and information are complete, true, and accurate in all material respects.
Training
The members of the City staff involved in the initial or continuing disclosure process shall be properly trained to understand and perform their responsibilities.
Preliminary Budget - Public Hearing - June 13, 2022
AGENDA ITEM NO. : 12
PUBLIC HEARING BELVEDERE CITY COUNCIL
JUNE 13, 2022
To: Mayor and City Council
From: Helga Cotter, Administrative Services Director
Subject: Adopt resolution levying previously-approved special tax for Fire & Emergency Medical Services and fixing the rates therof for the FY2022/2023 Recommended Motion/Item Description
That the City Council conduct the public hearing and thereafter adopt the attached resolution establishing the Fiscal Year 2022/2023 Fire Protection & Emergency Medical Services Assessment for the City.
Background
In 2000, Belvedere voters adopted a fire and emergency services tax. Each year, the City Council must adopt a resolution in order to levy the special property tax assessment for fire protection and emergency medical services. The resolution authorizes the County Tax Collector to collect the property tax override. The City Council declared by resolution on June 6, 2022, that the cost of providing the services in Fiscal Year 2022/2023 will exceed $450,000. The amount that the City will pay to the Tiburon Fire Protection District for those services is estimated to be $1,998,909, plus $2,600 for fire system parts and supplies, for a total of $2,001,509 in Fire Fund expenses.
With the application of the appropriations limit factor which allows increases each year based on the annual percentage change in population in conjunction with the change in the statewide per capita cost of living, the flat fees per parcel for Fiscal Year 2022/2023 will increase to $961 for residential dwelling units, $1,082 for commercial occupancies, and $191 for vacant parcels. The revenue generated by this special property tax in Fiscal Year 2022/2023 will be $1,061,453 and the difference between what the tax assessment will raise and what will be expended for fire services will be the subject of a General Fund transfer of $940,056.
Attachment
• Resolution
CITY OF BELVEDERE
RESOLUTION NO. 2022-XX
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BELVEDERE
LEVYING A SPECIAL TAX FOR FIRE AND EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES AND FIXING THE RATES THEREOF FOR THE FISCAL YEAR 2022/2023 WHEREAS, Chapter 3.28 of the Belvedere Municipal Code requires the City to make a determination that the cost in the upcoming fiscal year to provide adequate fire services will exceed $450,000, and to conduct a public hearing to consider the amount of charges proposed to be raised thereunder; and
WHEREAS, the City Council made such a determination by the passage of a Resolution on June 6, 2022 and conducted a duly noticed public hearing on the proposed tax at its June 13, 2022 regular meeting.
NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED, by the City Council of the City of Belvedere that:
1. The City Council of the City of Belvedere has determined that the cost to provide fire and emergency medical services will exceed $450,000 for the 2022/2023 fiscal year and that a special tax shall be levied; and
2. The maximum amount to be derived by this tax in the fiscal year commencing July 1, 2022 shall be $1,061,453 as provided in Municipal Code sections 3.28.050 and 3.28.070.
The tax rate structure shall be $961 per dwelling unit; $1,082 per occupancy in commercial structures; and $191 per vacant parcel; and
3. Election is hereby made to collect such fire assessment on the general tax rolls, for which the County of Marin may impose an additional fee up to $2 for each lot or parcel of land assessed. This fee shall be attached to the fire assessment but shall not be considered a part thereof.
PASSED AND ADOPTED at a public hearing of the City Council of the City of Belvedere on June 13, 2022, by the following vote:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTAIN:
APPROVED:___________________________
Sally Wilkinson, Mayor
ATTEST:_______________________________
Beth Haener, City Clerk
AGENDA ITEM NO. : 13
OTHER SCHEDULED ITEMS BELVEDERE CITY COUNCIL
JUNE 13, 2022
To: Mayor and City Council
From: Christine O’Rourke, MCEP Sustainability Coordinator Irene Borba, Director of Planning and Building
Reviewed by: Craig Middleton, City Manager
Amy Ackerman, City Attorney
Subject: A Resolution of the City Council of the City of Belvedere Updating The City’s Climate Action Plan and Adopting The Belvedere Climate Action Plan 2030
RECOMMENDATION.
Adopt the resolution establishing the City’s Climate Action Plan 2030.
SUMMARY&BACKGROUND.
There is broad scientific agreement that to stave off the worst effects of climate change, communities will need to draw down climate warming greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions such as carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045 and significantly reduce their GHG emissions 80% below 1990 levels by the year 2050. In 2010, the City of Belvedere approved Belvedere’s first Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory for year 2005 and adopted a goal to reduce GHG emissions 15% below 2005 levels by 2020. On April 11, 2011, the City of Belvedere adopted a Climate Action Plan with greenhouse gas emissions reduction programs designed to meet the adopted 2020 goal.
The Climate Action Plan (CAP) is a document that contains strategies and actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Over the past decade, the City has developed and implemented many CAP projects and programs and has reduced emissions 26% below 2005 levels, significantly beyond its 2020 target. The City is now endeavoring to adopt an updated Climate Action Plan for the next ten years to address GHG target reductions of no less than 40% below 1990 levels by 2030. In collaboration with the Marin Climate and Energy Partnership (MCEP), staff has prepared a Draft Climate Action Plan to meet this ambitious goal. The Draft Plan is modeled upon best practices and the most up-to-date measures and policies that have been recently adopted, or are otherwise under consideration, by other jurisdictions within MCEP.
OTHER SCHEDULED ITEMS BELVEDERE CITY COUNCIL
JUNE 13, 2022
The Draft CAP 2030 is available for review on the City website here.
DISCUSSION
The Belvedere CAP incorporates the City’s 2019 Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Inventory, which identifies the sources of greenhouse gas emissions generated by the community. The inventory shows that nearly half of Belvedere’s emissions come from the combustion of natural gas. The CAP states that encouraging energy efficiency upgrades and adopting more green building standards, including electrifying all commercial and residential appliances and heating systems for new construction and remodels, will help the City meet its reduction target.
The inventory also shows that the second highest source of community emissions come from passenger vehicles. The CAP identifies building out the public and private electric vehicle charging infrastructure and encouraging electric vehicle ownership as the most impactful way to reduce transportation emissions.
The Belvedere CAP contains the following:
• An estimate of how emissions will change over time under a business-as-usual forecast which utilizes regional projections and incorporates the City’s 2022-2030 Regional Housing Needs Allocation.
• Specific actions in the areas of energy use, transportation, waste, and water strategies that substantial evidence demonstrates, if fully implemented, will collectively achieve the targeted emissions level for the year 2030.
• Both state and local strategies to reduce emissions 41% below 1990 emissions in 2030, which exceeds the State’s 2030 goal.
• Actions to sequester emissions in natural lands and the urban forest and to utilize carbon offsets in support of the State’s goal to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045. • Actions to assist community members and businesses to address climate change through their own behaviors and purchases, and to advocate for additional regional, state, and federal actions to achieve long-term GHG reduction goals. • Actions to monitor progress and set annual priorities for CAP implementation.
It should be noted that the CAP targets represent minimum goals based on practicable application of the measures and metrics to meet the overall GHG reduction goal. Many of the actions rely upon coordination and collaboration with other agencies, including adoption of standards to assure an effective and consistent approach across the jurisdictions. The document reflects what is achievable in the timeframes involved, utilizing coordination of anticipated programs and funding sources that are available to the City.
Adopting a CAP demonstrates a municipality’s commitment to reducing GHG emissions on the local level and establishes consistency with State reduction targets. Staff recommends that the City Council adopt this CAP to demonstrate a further commitment to sustainability.
OTHER SCHEDULED ITEMS BELVEDERE CITY COUNCIL
JUNE 13, 2022
PUBLIC COMMENTS/NOTICE
A notice of the proposed ordinance amendments was published in The ARK newspaper. As of the writing of this report, no correspondence has been received regarding the Climate Action Plan.
FISCAL IMPACT
Uncertain. The City may incur costs for implementing programs and projects that reduce GHG emissions. However, many such projects result in cost savings over time and cost-benefit analyses generally occur in conjunction with specific project proposals and budget review.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
Exempt from environmental review under section 15307 of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA Guidelines, which exempts "Actions by regulatory agencies for protection of natural resources." In addition, adoption of the CAP is exempt under the under CEQA Guidelines section 15061(b) (3), because it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the project may have a significant effect on the environment.
STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that Council hear the presentation, take public comments, and adopt the resolution.
ATTACHMENTS
1. Resolution & Exhibit A: Belvedere Climate Action Plan 2030
1 CITY OF BELVEDERE
RESOLUTION 2022-XX
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BELVEDERE UPDATING THE CITY’S CLIMATE ACTION PLAN AND ADOPTING THE BELVEDERE CLIMATE ACTION PLAN 2030
WHEREAS, there is broad scientific agreement that to stave off the worst effects of climate change, communities will need to reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 80% below 1990 levels by the year 2050 and draw down climate warming GHG emissions such as carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to secure a safe future for us all; and
WHEREAS, the City of Belvedere recognizes that local governments play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in their municipal operations and communities, and mitigating the future impacts of climate change; and WHEREAS, on December 3, 2007, the City of Belvedere adopted Resolution No.2007-06 resolving to participate in the Cities for Climate Protection Campaign and, as a participant, pledges to take a leadership role in promoting public awareness about the causes and impacts of climate change; and
WHEREAS, on November 8, 2010, the City of Belvedere approved Belvedere’s 2005 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory and adopted a goal to reduce GHG emissions 15% below 2005 levels by 2020;and
WHEREAS, on April 11, 2011, the City of Belvedere adopted a Climate Action Plan (CAP) with greenhouse gas emissions reduction programs designed to meet the adopted 2020 goal; and
WHEREAS, a CAP is a document that contains goals, policies, and actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and identifies performance metrics to track progress; and
WHEREAS, over the past decade, the City has developed and implemented CAP projects and programs and has reduced its GHG emissions 26% below 2005 levels, significantly beyond its 2020 target; and
WHEREAS, Assembly Bill 32, the Global Warming Solutions Act set a goal of reducing GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 and Senate Bill 375, the Sustainable Communities and Climate Protection Act, established Statewide GHG emissions reduction targets of 40% below 1990 levels by 2030; and WHEREAS, Executive Order B-55-18 establishes a statewide goal to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045; and
Attachment 1
2 WHEREAS, the Belvedere CAP incorporates the City' s 2019 Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Inventory, which identifies the sources of greenhouse gas emissions generated by the community, and the Belvedere CAP estimates how these emissions might change over time under a business-as-usual forecast that utilizes regional forecasts and accommodates the City’s 2022-2030 Regional Housing Needs Allocation; and WHEREAS, the Belvedere 2019 GHG Emissions Inventory shows that nearly half of Belvedere’s emissions come from the combustion of natural gas, and the CAP states that encouraging energy efficiency upgrades and adopting more green building standards, including electrifying all commercial and residential appliances and heating systems for new construction and remodels, will help the City meet its reduction target; and
WHEREAS, the Belvedere 2019 GHG Emissions Inventory shows that the second highest source of community emissions come from passenger vehicles, and the CAP identifies building out the public and private electric vehicle charging infrastructure and encouraging electric vehicle ownership as the most impactful way to reduce transportation emissions; and
WHEREAS, the Belvedere CAP focuses on the efforts Belvedere can make to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate, to the extent feasible at the local level, the impacts of climate change; and
WHEREAS, the Belvedere CAP provides strategies and specific actions for energy use, transportation, waste, water, and natural systems that substantial evidence demonstrates, if fully implemented, will collectively achieve the targeted emissions level for the year 2030; and
WHEREAS, the strategies and specific actions of the Belvedere CAP are developed in collaboration with the Marin Climate and Energy Partnership and are based upon the best practices and state-of-art approaches implemented and adopted by communities throughout the region to address GHG reduction, including Larkspur, San Rafael, San Anselmo, Fairfax, and the County of Marin; and WHEREAS, the Belvedere CAP identifies state and local strategies to reduce emissions over 41% below 1990 emissions in 2030, which exceeds the State's 2030 goal; and
WHEREAS, the Belvedere CAP identifies local strategies to sequester emissions in natural lands and the urban forest and through the use of carbon offsets in support of the statewide goal to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045; and WHEREAS, a Draft CAP was presented to the City Council on June 13, 2022.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Belvedere hereby resolve, declare, determine and order as follows:
3 1. The recitals above are found to be true and correct and constitute the findings of the City Council made in support of this resolution.
2. Approves the Belvedere Climate Action Plan 2030 as referenced in this resolution; and
3. Declares that adoption of the Belvedere Climate Action Plan 2030 (CAP) is exempt from environmental review under section 15307 of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA Guidelines, which exempts "Actions by regulatory agencies for protection of natural resources." In addition, adoption of the CAP is exempt under the under CEQA Guidelines section 15061(b) (3), because it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the project may have a significant effect on the environment.
IT IS HEREBY CERTIFIED that the City Council of the City of Belvedere duly introduced and regularly adopted the foregoing resolution at a regular meeting held on June 13, 2022, by the following vote:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTAIN:
__________________________
Sally Wilkinson, Mayor
ATTEST:
__________________________
Beth Haener, City Clerk
City of Belvedere
CLIMATE ACTION PLAN 2030
Public Review Draft
April 8, 2022
Exhibit A
Table of Contents
Section 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1 What is a Climate Action Plan? ................................................................................................................. 1 Background ............................................................................................................................................... 1 What are Greenhouse Gas Emissions and How Do They Contribute to Climate Change?....................... 3 How will Climate Change Impact California and Marin? .......................................................................... 5 What Role Does Government Play?.......................................................................................................... 0 Belvedere’s Actions to Date...................................................................................................................... 1 Belvedere’s Current Emissions and Trend ................................................................................................ 1 Consumption-Based Inventory ................................................................................................................. 4 Emissions Forecast and Reduction Targets............................................................................................... 6 State Pillars ............................................................................................................................................... 7 Actions to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions......................................................................................... 8 Summary of State Actions......................................................................................................................... 8 Summary of Local Strategies..................................................................................................................... 9 Social Equity ............................................................................................................................................10 Section 2: Measures....................................................................................................................................11 Local Measures to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions..........................................................................11 Low Carbon Transportation ................................................................................................................12 Renewable Energy and Electrification ................................................................................................17 Energy Efficiency ................................................................................................................................. 20 Waste Reduction................................................................................................................................. 23 Water Conservation............................................................................................................................28 Sequestration and Adaptation............................................................................................................30 Community Engagement ....................................................................................................................33 Implementation and Monitoring ........................................................................................................36 Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................................37 Appendix A: Program Calcuations............................................................................................................. A-1 Appendix B: 2019 Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report for Communitywide Emissions............................. B-1
WHAT YOU CAN DO
LOW CARBON TRANSPORTATION
• Drive an all-electric or plug-in hybrid vehicle.
• Bike, walk, or take transit whenever possible.
• Shut your car off when you are sitting idle.
• Use electric tools, including leaf blowers and lawn mowers, wherever possible.
RENEWABLE ENERGY & ELECTRIFICATION
• Switch to MCE Deep Green or PG&E Solar Choice 100% renewable electricity. • Install a solar energy system on your home or business and consider battery storage. • Replace appliances that use natural gas for ones that use electricity. • Investigate heat pump technology so you can swap out water heaters and furnaces that use natural gas when it is time to replace them.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
• Replace indoor and outdoor lights with LED bulbs and turn them off when not in use. • Have an energy assessment done for your home or business. • Upgrade insulation, seal leaks, and install a programmable thermostat. • Purchase Energy Star appliances and equipment.
• Unplug electronic appliances when not in use and set the thermostat to use less heat and air conditioning.
WASTE REDUCTION
• Buy only as much as you need.
• Buy locally grown food and eat less meat.
• Put your food scraps in the green can and/or compost them at home. • Donate extra food and used clothing and housewares.
• Consult the waste hauler’s website to understand what to recycle and compost.
WATER CONSERVATION
• Replace your lawn with a drought-tolerant garden.
• Install a drip irrigation system and check it regularly for leaks. • Install low water flow faucets, showerheads, and toilets. • Buy water-efficient dishwashers and clothes washers when it is time to replace them.
SEQUESTRATION AND ADAPTATION
• Plant trees appropriate to you situation.
• Add compost to your soil
• Purchase carbon offsets for airplane flights and other emissions that are difficult to mitigate. • Find out if your home or business is vulnerable to sea level rise at Our Coast Our Future. • Prepare for more wildfires. Join a Firewise Community, create a defensible space, harden your home, and have an emergency evacuation plan. Learn how at www.firesafemarin.org • Install solar with battery storage to get through power outages.
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
• Sign up for Resilient Neighborhoods and join a Climate Action Team. • Commit to reducing your carbon footprint by taking the actions identified in this Plan. • Spread the word – advocate to your neighbors, employees, co-workers, etc.
IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING
• Get involved! Attend City Council meetings, Climate Action Plan implementation forums, and other public forums to voice your support for actions contained in this Plan. 1 SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION
What is a Climate Action Plan?
A Climate Action Plan (CAP) is a tool that any organization can use to develop the programs and actions needed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs), which are the pollutants that cause climate change, and other negative impacts to the environment. Generally, these CAPs are focused on this ‘mitigation’ aspect of climate change, but some also lay out a strategy for ‘adaptation’, or how the organization will plan to deal with the effects of climate change such as sea level rise, or increased flooding, heat waves, and wildfires. Belvedere’s CAP is primarily focused on mitigation measures, but in addition it sets out a proposed adaptation plan for improvement of levees that house critical infrastructure, ingress and egress routes for the entire City while protecting houses located in the flood plain.
Background
The City of Belvedere understands that climate change has the potential to significantly affect Belvedere’s residents and businesses, as well as other communities around the world. The City also recognizes that local governments play a strong role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating the potential impacts of climate change.
The purpose of this Climate Action Plan (CAP) is to update the Belvedere Climate Action Plan 2011, report on existing actions, and recommend future potential strategies that the City take to address the local consequences of climate change. The CAP briefly defines climate change and its potential impacts.
It focuses on policies and practices Belvedere can employ to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions and locally mitigate detrimental impacts of climate change. Through actions described in this Plan, the community can experience lower energy bills, improved air quality, reduced emissions, less risk of flooding, greater resiliency, and an enhanced quality of life. This updated plan acknowledges that climate action planning is an ongoing planning process that includes assessing, planning, mitigating, and adapting to climate change.
In 2021, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, a scientific body convened by the Unite Nations, released a major new report concluding that the world cannot avoid some devastating impacts of climate change, but there is still a narrow window to keep the devastation from getting even worse.
There is broad scientific agreement that to stave off the worst effects of climate change, communities will need to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions 80% below 1990 levels by the year 2050. We are already seeing the effects of climate change locally and throughout the world with record-breaking heat, rising tides, more frequent catastrophic storms, and more unpredictable weather.
Since the City’s initial preparation of the 2005 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory and the 2011 Climate Action Plan, Belvedere has met its 2020 emissions reduction goal. Belvedere’s emissions primarily come from residential use of energy and transportation, with approximately 1% coming from 2 government operations and facilities. In 2016, the State of California adopted an interim reduction target of 40% below 1990 levels by 2030 to stay on track. This updated plan sets out a road map to do just that.
Belvedere works with the Marin Climate & Energy Partnership (MCEP) to build upon best practices learned from other similar communities in the region. Belvedere publishes annual community greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions estimates through the MCEP. Annual inventories help the City to monitor its progress more closely in meeting its local goal to reduce community emissions 15% below 2005 emissions by 2020 and to meet the statewide goal to reduce emissions 40% below 1990 levels by 2030. In addition to the community inventories, MCEP periodically prepares inventories for government operations emissions.
This plan reviews emissions generated from the community from 2005 through 2019. The inventory shows that the Belvedere community has reduced emissions 26% since 2005, meeting its 2020 goal five years early, in 2015. Emissions dropped from about 14,855 metric tons carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2e) in 2005 to 10,935 MTCO2e in 2019. The community emissions trend and targets are shown in Figure 1. Belvedere needs to reduce emissions another 3,360 MTCO2e to meet the State target for 2030 and another 8,410 MTCO2e to meet the State target for 2050, which is 80% below 1990 levels.
FIGURE 1: BELVEDERE COMMUNITY EMISSIONS TREND, 2005-2019 0 2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
MTCO2e
2020 Local and
State Goal
2030 State Goal
2050 State Goal
3 What are Greenhouse Gas Emissions and How Do They Contribute to Climate Change?
Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are gases in Earth’s atmosphere that allow the sun’s rays to enter our atmosphere and trap the resulting heat generated by the rays. These gases are naturally occurring and make Earth suitable for life. While we depend a certain level on these gases to keep our earth habitable, certain human activities have been shown to emit GHGs, increasing their concentration in the atmosphere to unsustainable levels and trapping more heat, resulting in an increase in Earth’s average temperature (Figure 2). This intensification of the natural greenhouse effect affects local and global climate patterns, and which in turn amplifies many hazards including flooding, wildfire, drought, and storms.
FIGURE 1: THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT
Source: California Waterboard/Marion Koshland Science Museum Of The National Academy Of Sciences 4 These GHGs include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perflurocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride (Table 1) 1
. Each one has a different degree of impact on climate change. To facilitate comparison across different emission sources with mixed and varied compositions of several GHGs, the term “carbon dioxide equivalent” or CO2e is used across this CAP. One metric ton of CO2e may consist of any combination of GHGs and has the equivalent Global Warming Potential (GWP) as one metric ton of carbon dioxide (CO2). As gathering data and quantifying emissions can be quite difficult for some sources, community inventories at the local government level typically concentrate on the three primary GHGs: CO2, CH4, and N20.
TABLE 1: GREENHOUSE GASES
Gas
Chemical
Formula
Emission Source
Global Warming
Potential
Carbon Dioxide
CO2
Combustion of natural gas, gasoline,
diesel, and other fuels
1 Methane CH4 Combustion, anaerobic decomposition
of organic waste in landfills, wastewater,
and livestock
28 Nitrous Oxide N2O Combustion, wastewater treatment 265 Hydrofluorocarbons Various Leaked refrigerants, fire suppressants 4 to 12,400 Perfluorocarbons
Various
Aluminum production, semiconductor
manufacturing, HVAC equipment
manufacturing
6,630 to 11,100
Sulfur Hexafluoride SF6 Transmission and distribution of power 23,500 Source: International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report, 100-year values, 2014 According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s 2019 “Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2018,” the majority of GHG emissions comes from fossil fuel combustion which in turn is used for electricity, transportation, industry, heating, etc. The burning of fossil fuels occurs across nearly every sector of the global economy, in ways that have become foundational to the ways that most people move, eat, and live.
It is the charge of this plan to diminish our community’s dependence on fossil fuels and drastically decrease our associated GHG emissions.
1 Water vapor is the most dominant greenhouse gas, but it is not measured as a part of a greenhouse gas inventory and for that reason is not included in this discussion. 5 How will Climate Change Impact California and Marin?
As described above, the Earth’s climate is warming, mostly due to human activities such as changes in land cover and emissions of certain pollutants. GHGs are the major human-induced drivers of climate change. These gases warm the Earth’s surface by trapping heat in the atmosphere.
California is already experiencing climate change impacts. Sea levels along the coast of southern and central California have risen about 6 inches over the past century and even moderate tides and storms are now producing extremely high sea levels. 2 Since 1950, the areas burned by wildfire each year has been increasing, as warming temperatures extend the fire season and low precipitation and snowpack create conditions for extreme, high severity wildfires to spread rapidly. Seventeen of the state’s twenty largest fires have occurred since 2003, and the five largest fires have occurred since 2017.3 The megafires of 2020, sparked in many cases by lightning strikes, have so far burned over 3.75 million acres across California.
As temperatures continue to rise, California faces serious climate impacts, including:
• More intense and frequent heat waves
• More intense and frequent drought
• More severe and frequent wildfires
• More severe storms and extreme weather
events
• Greater riverine flows
• Shrinking snowpack and less overall
precipitation
• Accelerating sea level rise
• Ocean acidification, hypoxia, and warming
• Increase in vector-borne diseases and heatrelated deaths and illnesses • Increase in harmful impacts to vegetation
and wildlife, including algal blooms in
marine and freshwater environments,
spread of disease-causing pathogens and
insects in forests, and invasive agricultural
pests.
2 Louise Bedsworth, Dan Cayan, Guido Franco, Leah Fisher, Sonya Ziaja, “Statewide Summary Report,” in California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment, publication number: SUMCCCA4-2018-013, 2018, p. 31. 3 Cal Fire, “Top 20 Largest Wildfires,” 9/4/2020. 0 Overall temperatures are projected to rise substantially throughout this century. In Marin County, temperatures are expected to rise about 4°F by 2100 if global emissions peak around 2040 and then decline, the so-called “low emissions” scenario. If the world fails to act and we continue the path we are on, temperatures are projected to rise 10°F by the end of the century (the “high emissions” scenario).
As the climate changes, some of the more serious threats to public health will stem from more frequent and intense extreme heat days and longer heat waves. Extreme heat events are likely to increase the risk of heat-related illness, such as heat stroke and dehydration, and exacerbate existing chronic health conditions. Extreme heat days in Marin are expected to increase from 4 days to 9 days under the low emissions scenario and to as many as 25 days under the high emissions scenario.
Higher temperatures will make Marin more vulnerable to wildfire and sea level rise. By the end of the century, sea level is projected to rise 2.4 to 3.4 feet, and possibly as much as 10 feet. At 5 feet of sea level rise, flooding may inundate downtown San Rafael, Redwood High School in Larkspur, Town Center in Corte Madera, Mill Valley Middle School, the Cove Shopping Center in Tiburon, and thousands of homes and businesses located near Marin’s shorelines and creeks. Flooding will be even worse during storms, which are expected to increase in frequency and intensity.
What Role Does Government Play?
International, national, and statewide GHG reduction goals and policies affect the County’s own goals and policies. Whether trying to meet or exceed those goals, California and Marin are known for their environmental stewardship and willingness to be leaders on the international and national stage.
International • The United Nations coordinates global commitments and targets to reduce emissions (such as the Paris Climate Accord) .
• The United Nations also supports the advancement of climate science through the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC). The IPCC coordinates the work of scientists across the world to continually update models and assess the science related to climate change. This work in turn informs the way that national, state, and local governments understand and address the human activities that contribute to climate change and the ways that climate change might impact earth’s environment.
National • Currently, there is no federal legislation mandating comprehensive GHG emissions reporting or reduction in the United States.
State • California first established statewide GHG emission reduction targets in 2005. • California has used its climate goals to develop regulations to reduce emissions across a variety of sectors, including:
o Setting more strict fuel economy standards for vehicle manufacturers that would like to sell cars in the state.
o Establishing zero-net energy building targets for new development. o Direct management of emissions from power plants and other stationary sources.
1 • California has also used SB 375, which was passed in 2008, to reduce emissions from cars and light trucks by promoting compact mixed-use, commercial, and residential development. SB 375 required local governments in California to consider GHG emissions, leading to successful proliferation of climate action plan development throughout the state.
Local • Looks at GHG emissions generated by their communities. • Sets long term GHG emission reduction targets that align meet or exceed statewide goals through local Climate Action Plans.
• Develops policies and programs to achieve CAP GHG emission reduction goals.
Belvedere’s Actions to Date
Belvedere is a small city with a land area of 0.54 square miles and a population of 2,089. The city is in Marin County at the tip of the Tiburon Peninsula, surrounded by water on three sides. Most of its residents live on two former islands connected by two levees that enclose a residential lagoon. It is served by a single public bus stop and a ferry terminal in the adjacent town of Tiburon. Belvedere is primarily residential, with little commercial activity.
Belvedere city staff, agencies, government, and residents have been at the forefront of mitigation efforts such as renewable energy, low-carbon transportation, and water conservation. In 2010, Marin Clean Energy was adopted by the City of Belvedere and most electricity users went immediately to purchasing 50% carbon-free electricity for their homes and businesses. Belvedere was one of the first communities to participate in curbside recycling thanks to Mill Valley Refuse vendor agreements, moving to dual-stream recycling in 2019 at the insistence of the City Council. By 2019, Belvedere water users reduced their water consumption by an average of approximately 25% (based on Marin Municipal Water District district-wide data). And in 2017, Marin Municipal Water District began purchasing 100% renewable Deep Green electricity from MCE Clean Energy, which reduced Belvedere resident and businesses’ water-related greenhouse gas emissions dramatically. Most significantly, Belvedere obtained a 55%/45% matching grant in the amount of $1.1 million from the California Department of Water Resources to study and design improvements to the two levees which provide all ingress and egress to most of the city, while housing nearly all utility infrastructure required by the community. The project is currently going through environmental review and a period of public engagement regarding funding possibilities.
Belvedere’s Current Emissions and Trend
Understanding the nature of harmful emissions, identifying their sources, and establishing local baseline measurement constitute the first step toward developing a climate action plan. Belvedere’s 2011 Climate Action Plan aptly recognized that this information can then inform the selection of a reduction target and action measures. Since then, staff has updated the City’s emission status to the City Council and public on a regular basis.
Residential emissions come primarily from the on-site combustion of natural gas and the off-site generation of electricity for heating, cooling, lighting, cooking, and the operation of appliances and 2 electrical devices. Transportation emissions result from the combustion of gasoline and diesel from trips generated from and to the city. Waste emissions come from the decomposition of organic wasted generated within the city but subsequently located in landfills outside city limits.
In January 2022, the Marin Climate & Energy Partnership prepared an updated Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory for community emissions for the years 2005 through 2019. The inventory quantifies GHG emissions from a wide variety of sources, from the energy used to power, heat, and cool buildings, to the fuel used to move vehicles and power off-road equipment, to the decomposition of solid waste and treatment of wastewater. Emissions are quantified according to methodologies established by the U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (v. 1.2). The inventory provides a detailed understanding of where the highest emissions are coming from, and, therefore, where the greatest opportunities for emissions reductions lie. The inventory also establishes a baseline emission inventory against which to measure future progress.
Community emissions are quantified according to these seven sectors:
• The Built Environment – Electricity sector represents emissions generated from the use of electricity in Belvedere homes and commercial and governmental buildings and facilities. • The Built Environment – Natural Gas sector represents emissions generated from the use of natural gas in Belvedere homes and commercial and governmental buildings and facilities.
Propane used as a primary heating source is also included, although it represents less than 1% of emissions in this sector.
• The Transportation sector includes tailpipe emissions from passenger vehicle trips originating and ending in Belvedere, as well as a share of tailpipe emissions generated by medium and heavy-duty vehicles travelling on Marin County roads. The sector also includes emissions from Marin Transit buses as these vehicles travel within Belvedere’s boundaries. Electricity used to power electric vehicles is embedded in electricity consumption reported in the Built Environment - Electricity sector.
• The Waste sector represents fugitive methane emissions that are generated over time as organic material decomposes in the landfill. Although most methane is captured or flared off at the landfill, approximately 25% escapes into the atmosphere. • The Off-Road sector represents emissions from the combustion of gasoline and diesel fuel from the operation of off-road vehicles and equipment used for construction and landscape maintenance.
• The Water sector represents emissions from energy used to pump, treat, and convey potable water from the water source to Belvedere water users.
• The Wastewater sector represents greenhouse gases that are created during the treatment of wastewater generated by the community as well as emissions created from electricity used to convey and treat wastewater.
Community emissions totaled 14,855 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2e) in 2005. By 2019, emissions had dropped to 10,935 MTCO2e, a 26% reduction. This is well below the State target for Belvedere, which is 15% below baseline (2005) emissions by 2020. While emissions declined in almost all sectors, the largest reductions were due to reduction in the carbon intensity of electricity, 3 improvements in energy conservation and efficiency, and improvements to vehicle fuel efficiency.
Emissions from City operations, which make up approximately 1% of community-wide emissions, fell 27% between 2005 and 2015. For more details, see the City’s most recent Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory (Appendix B).
TABLE 2: EMISSIONS SUMMARY BY SECTOR (MTCO2e)
Year
Built Environment - ElectricityBuilt Environment– Natural Gas TransportationWasteOff-RoadWaterWastewaterTotal
% Change
from 2005
1990 (est.)1 12,627
2005 2,512 5,559 5,707 699 212 87 79 14,855
2006 2,388 5,787 5,877 689 220 76 77 15,114 2%
2007 3,204 5,440 5,922 617 259 101 89 15,631 5%
2008 3,235 5,450 5,792 512 212 93 90 15,383 4%
2009 3,033 5,425 5,509 440 178 93 83 14,762 -1%
2010 2,133 5,518 5,315 430 159 53 73 13,681 -8%
2011 1,975 5,573 5,186 420 154 38 70 13,416 -10%
2012 2,083 5,204 5,178 435 151 40 75 13,167 -11%
2013 2,012 5,161 5,095 441 148 47 77 12,981 -13%
2014 1,830 4,412 4,877 440 147 42 72 11,821 -20%
2015 1,776 4,614 5,068 461 145 33 71 12,168 -18%
2016 1,449 4,839 4,657 536 143 24 63 11,711 -21%
2017 649 4,824 4,630 559 140 7 59 10,868 -27%
2018 701 4,883 4,543 494 136 3 59 10,817 -27%
2019 817 4,987 4,480 469 131 3 48 10,935 -26%
Change
from 2005 -1,696 -572 -1,226 -230 -80 -84 -31 -3,920
% Change
from 2005 -68% -10% -21% -33% -38% -97% -39% -26%
4 As shown in Figure 3, most emissions come from
natural gas used in Belvedere homes and
non-residential buildings and facilities. The
second greatest source of emissions is
from passenger vehicle trips generated by
Belvedere residents, employees, and
visitors.
Consumption-Based Inventory
In addition to the sectors outlined above,
which measures the emissions that are
generated within the City’s borders, there are
also emissions associated with the goods and
services that residents in Marin consume.
These are referred to as “consumption-based
emissions” or “embodied emissions” (both
terms are used interchangeably in this
document). Rather than assessing emissions
that are generated within a jurisdictional
boundary, consumption-based inventories
estimate the emissions based on the goods and
services consumed within a place. This includes
emissions from raw material extraction,
manufacturing, distribution, retail, and
disposal. Historically, local governments have
only included emissions that occur within their
boundaries, including emissions associated
with goods that will eventually be exported.
However, in communities like Marin County (as
in many other communities in the United
States) where goods are more often imported
than exported, consumption emissions can be
up to 800% higher than their sector-based emissions inventory. Consumption emissions are harder to track and have fewer defined pathways for policy intervention from local governments, so the City continues to follow ICLEI’s Community Protocol and focus on actionable programs and policies to address local emissions. This CAP, wherever possible, seeks to take into account the whole picture of FIGURE 4: SECTOR-BASED VS. CONSUMPTION-BASED GHG EMISSIONS Source: C40 Cities, “Consumption-Based GHG Emissions of the C40 Cities” Built Environment - Electricity
7%
Waste
4%
Transportation
41%
Water & Wastewater
<1%
Off-Road
1%
Built
Environment -
Natural Gas
46%
FIGURE 3: COMMUNITY EMISSIONS BY SOURCE, 2019
5 local contributions to climate change and includes measures to address these emissions in the built environment.
In 2016, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) and U.C. Berkeley developed a Consumption-Based Inventory to better understand how purchasing habits contribute to global climate change. This consumption-based inventory includes emission sources that do not get counted in the typical “sector-based” GHG inventory, as well as other items that are difficult to quantify like airplane travel and upstream emissions from the production, transport and distribution of food and household goods. Figure 5 shows the results of the consumption-based inventory for Belvedere households.
According to this inventory, the average Belvedere household generates 55.6 MTCO2e per year. As a comparison, the City’s community-wide emissions of 10,935 MTCO2e works out to about 11.9 MTCO2e per household.
FIGURE 5: AVERAGE BELVEDERE HOUSEHOLD CARBON FOOTPRINT
This graph shows the relative impact of all the sources of emissions that make up a household carbon footprint. Source: CoolClimate Network
TRANSPORTATION
BUILDINGS FOOD
CONSUMER
PRODUCTS SERVICES
RECYCLING
6 Emissions Forecast and Reduction Targets
The Climate Action Plan includes a “business-as-usual” (BAU) forecast in which emissions are projected in the absence of any policies or actions that would occur beyond the base year to reduce emissions.
The forecasts are derived by “growing” (increasing) 2019 emissions using forecasted changes in population, number of households, and jobs according to projections developed by the Association of Bay Area Governments. Transportation emissions are projected utilizing data provided by the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, which incorporate the vehicle miles traveled (VMT) reductions expected from the implementation of Plan Bay Area 2040. Emissions are expected to rise about 2.3% by 2030 and 0.3% by 2040. Because ABAG and MTC have not developed projections for 2050, the rate of population growth forecasted by the California Department of Finance for Marin County was used to project population, household, jobs, and VMT for 2050. The Department of Finance projects that Marin’s population will decrease 3.8% between 2040 and 2050. As a result, emissions would be approximately 11,011 MTCO2e by 2050 under the BAU forecast, a decrease of 1.8% from 2019 levels. The Climate Action Plan establishes targets that meet the State’s goals to reduce emissions to 40% below 1990 levels by 2030 and 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. In Belvedere, that means emissions would need to drop to 7,576 MTCO2e by 2030 and 2,525 MTCO2e by 2050. The Plan lays out measures that will meet the 2030 target and put the City on a trajectory to meet the 2050 goal. The community emissions trend, forecast and targets are shown in Figure 6 below. While State actions will secure to meet a significant portion of reductions, continued reductions through community efforts are needed to meet these goals.
FIGURE 6: EMISSIONS TREND, FORECAST AND TARGETS
0 2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Annual GHG Emissions (MTCO2e)
Year
ACTUAL EMISSIONS
BUSINESS-AS-USUAL FORECAST
2030 Target
40% below 1990 levels
2050 Target
80% below 1990 levels
7 State Pillars
Belvedere does not exist in a vacuum, and we are leveraging or trying to combat regional, state-wide, national, and even international actions and trends, we also have the ability and responsibility to collaborate with other efforts and campaigns. Belvedere is already working collaboratively with other local agencies (through MCEP) and building upon best practices learned from other similar communities in the region.
To meet greenhouse gas reduction and climate change goals, the State of California established the Six Pillars framework in 2015 when Governor Jerry Brown was inaugurated for his second term as governor.
These include (1) reducing today’s petroleum use in cars and trucks by up to 50%; (2) increasing from one-third to 50% our electricity derived from renewable sources; (3) doubling the energy efficiency savings achieved at existing buildings and making heating fuels cleaner; (4) reducing the release of methane, black carbon, and other short-lived climate pollutants; (5) managing farm and rangelands, forests and wetlands so they can store carbon; and (6) periodically updating the state's climate adaptation strategy. The measures contained in this Climate Change Action Plan are designed to support and implement the Six Pillars and the goals of California’s 2017 Climate Change Scoping Plan on a local level.
FIGURE 7: CALIFORNIA’S 6 PILLARS CLIMATE STRATEGY
8 Actions to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions
The Climate Action Plan includes a variety of regulatory, incentive-based, and voluntary strategies that are expected to reduce emissions from both existing and new development in Belvedere. Several of the strategies build on existing programs while others provide new opportunities to address climate change.
State actions will have a substantial impact on future emissions. Local strategies will supplement these State actions and achieve additional GHG emissions reductions. Successful implementation will rely largely on the combined participation of Belvedere residents, city staff, and community leaders.
The following sections identify the State and local strategies included in the Climate Action Plan to reduce emissions in community and government operations. Emissions reductions are estimated for each strategy; combined, they show that the City could reduce emissions 41% below 1990 levels by 2030, which is enough to meet the State goal. Community emissions are projected to be 7,444 MTCO2e in 2030 with all State and local actions implemented, while the reduction target is 7,576 MTCO2e. As shown in Figure 8, State actions represent about 26% of the reduction expected through implementation of the Climate Action Plan while local actions represent about 74%.
FIGURE 8: CUMULATIVE IMPACT OF REDUCTION STRATEGIES
Summary of State Actions
The Climate Action Plan incorporates State reduction strategies that have been approved, programmed and/or adopted and will reduce local community emissions from 2019 levels. These programs require no local actions. As such, the State actions are first quantified and deducted from projected community 0 2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
Annual GHG Emissions (MTCO
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2e)
Year
Business as Usual (BAU) State Actions Local Actions
BUSINESS-AS-USUAL SCENARIO
PROJECTED EMISSIONS WITH STATE ACTIONS
PROJECTED EMISSIONS WITH
STATE AND LOCAL ACTIONS 40% BELOW
1990 LEVELS
9 emissions to provide a better picture of what still needs to be reduced at the local level to get to the overall reduction targets. State actions and emissions reductions are shown in Table 3 and detailed in the appendix.
TABLE 3: EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS FROM STATE ACTIONS
State Action Emissions Reductions by 2030
(MTO2e)
Light and Heavy-Duty Vehicle Regulations 699
Renewable Portfolio Standard 36
Title 24 Energy Efficiency Standards 228
Small Off-Road Equipment 58
Total 963
Note: Numbers may not total due to rounding.
Summary of Local Strategies
The local mitigation measures presented in the following sections, and as summarized in Table 4 below, achieve greenhouse gas emissions reductions in the community of approximately and 18,770 MTCO2e by 2030.
TABLE 4: LOCAL EMISSIONS REDUCTION STRATEGIES
Strategy GHG Reductions by 2030
(MTCO2e)
Percent of Reductions
Low Carbon Transportation 923 33%
Renewable Energy and Electrification 1,100 40%
Energy Efficiency 399 13%
Waste Reduction 359 13%
Water Conservation 4 >1 0%
Sequestration and Adaptation n/a -
Community Engagement n/a -
Implementation and Monitoring n/a -
Total 2,780 100%
Note: Percentages may not total 100% due to rounding.
4 Actions that reduce emissions from energy used to heat water are reflected in the Renewable Energy and Electrification and Energy Efficiency sections. See the Water Conservation section beginning on page 34 for more information.
10 These local strategies will be detailed in the following sections. Together, the projected reductions from State and local actions total 3,743 MTCO2e by 2030. Community emissions are projected to be 7,444 MTCO2e in 2030 with the full implementation of the CCAP. This is 41% below estimated 1990 levels and meets the reduction target set by the State.
Social Equity
Climate change and equity are interconnected. Often, the communities who have contributed the least to global warming, including low-income communities, communities of color, indigenous peoples, and developing nations, suffer first and most from climate change. The City acknowledges disadvantaged communities have existed and still exist in Marin County and seeks to design and implement solutions with them. This requires internal and external on-going work to normalize, organize, and internalize equity principles and approaches.
One definition of social equity is the “just and fair inclusion into a society in which all can participate, prosper, and reach their full potential.”5 Equity is the means to ensure equality for all. An example of how that might work with climate action measures is with energy efficiency. Giving rebates to homeowners to swap out natural gas appliances helps reduce to GHG emissions by switching to low carbon electricity. But if financial incentives are only available to those with means to purchase new appliances it leaves out a section of the community without means. Programs that acknowledge this disparity might offer bigger discounts to low-income households. Additionally, the City acknowledges that appliance upgrades may not be a high priority for all residents. Part of the City’s on-going work is to build and nurture relationships with diverse community groups so that they can share what are their priorities and the City can attempt to integrate those priorities into its climate action efforts. 5 PolicyLink, “The Equity Manifesto.”
11 SECTION 2: MEASURES
Local Measures to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Each of the following sections provide a summary table of local measures and associated GHG reductions, followed by a description of the specific actions the City of Belvedere will undertake to implement each measure. The methodologies and implementation targets used to calculate emissions reductions are described in the appendix. Sometimes, there is no direct or reliable way to estimate GHG savings for a particular measure or the savings are embedded in another measure. In this case, the GHG reduction is identified as “not applicable” or “n/a.” For example: Community Engagement is essential for success in many of the measures set forth throughout the Plan but counting savings in this section would then be double-counting savings from other measures such as those in Low Carbon Transportation or Energy Efficiency. People need to know about a program to take advantage of it, but the actual emissions reductions will come from participating in the program itself. Therefore, the savings are counted for that program.
12 LOW CARBON TRANSPORTATION
33% of potential reductions
Over 40% of Belvedere community emissions comes from transportation, and until the recent commercial success of electric vehicles, it has been hard to see how we were going to reduce transportation emissions. Improvements in fuel efficiency have driven emissions down – the passenger vehicle fleet in Marin County is about 14% more fuel-efficient than it was ten years ago. Miles traveled by passenger vehicle trips starting and/or ending in Belvedere have gone down 5% over the same period. Surveys show that “green” transportation rates have improved over the years, from about 33% to 40% of workers between 2010 and 2019, thanks in part to improvements in the bicycle and pedestrian network and public information campaigns to get people to carpool, bicycle, walk and take transit. But we will not reduce emissions significantly more at this rate.
All of that is now changing with the viability of zero emission vehicles (ZEVs), especially here in Belvedere where electricity is fairly clean and expected to get cleaner. ZEVs include all-battery as well as plug-in hybrid vehicles. Marin County is a leader in ZEV adoption rates – second only to Santa Clara County – and ZEVs already comprise about 4.7% of all registered light-duty vehicles in Marin and an estimated 8.3% in Belvedere. Our plan is to increase that rate to 35% by 2030 by building out the EV charging infrastructure and encouraging ZEV ownership through incentives, public education, and development requirements.
This is an aggressive target, but one that complements the State’s goal to put 5 million ZEVs on the road by 2030. Improvements in battery and charging technology, expected cost reductions, and automakers’ commitments to significantly expand ZEV offerings point to an allelectric future.
That said, we cannot rely on ZEVs alone to meet our transportation reductions; reducing congestion, enhancing biking and walking opportunities, and incentivizing public transit carry co-benefits and can be enjoyed by all. To ensure Belvedere is a safe and walkable community for all ages, the City can prioritize sidewalk maintenance and mark crosswalks near bus stops and intersections.
The City will take the following actions to reduce emissions from transportation sources.
Things You Can Do
#1 Drive an all-electric or
plug-in hybrid vehicle.
#2 Bike, walk or take
transit whenever possible.
#3 Shut your car off when
you are sitting idle.
#4 Walk or bike to school.
#5 Use electric tools,
including leaf blowers and
lawn mowers, wherever
possible.
13 TABLE 5: LOW CARBON TRANSPORTATION MEASURES
ID Measure GHG Reduction by 2030
(MTCO2e)
Share of
Reductions
LCT-1 Zero Emission Vehicles 837 91%
LCT-2 Bicycling and Micromobility n/a -
LCT-3 Walking <1 <1%
LCT-4 Safe Routes to School 8 1%
LCT-5 Public Transit 3 0%
LCT-6 Employee Trip Reduction 30 3%
LCT-7 Vehicle Idling n/a -
LCT-8 Smart Growth Development n/a* -
LCT-9 Electric Landscape Equipment 8 1%
LCT-10 Zero and Low Emission City Vehicles 30 1%
LCT-11 Low Carbon Fuels for City Vehicles 3 <1%
LCT-12 City Employee Commute 4 <1%
TOTAL 923 100%
*Emissions reductions due to smart growth development are embedded in vehicle miles traveled projections utilized in the development of the emissions forecast. To avoid double-counting, they are not included here.
LCT-1: Zero Emission Vehicles
Develop a Zero Emission Vehicle Plan that will result in at least 35% of passenger vehicles in Belvedere to be zero emission vehicles (ZEVs), including plug-in electric vehicles (EVs) and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles, by 2030. Incorporate the following actions in the plan as feasible:
a. Work with MCE, PG&E and other entities to identify multifamily and workplace charging sites appropriate for available incentive programs.
b. Participate in a countywide effort by MCE, PG&E, and others to provide rebates for new or used electric vehicles and/or charging stations.
c. Pursue opportunities to expand the City’s EV charging network through innovative programs. d. Require new and remodeled commercial and multifamily projects to install a minimum number of electric vehicle chargers for use by employees and residents. e. Require new and remodeled single-family and multifamily projects to install electrical service, conduit and wiring for potential electric vehicle use, taking into consideration the cost to property owners.
f. Participate in regional efforts and grant programs to encourage widespread availability of EV charging stations.
g. Participate in programs to promote EV adoption, including media and outreach campaigns. h. Encourage or require, as practicable, ride hailing and delivery service companies to utilize zero emission vehicles.
i. Promote adoption of electric bicycles, scooters, and motorcycles. 14 LCT-2: Bicycling and Micromobility
a. Encourage bicycling and micromobility as an alternative to vehicular travel for recreational and non-recreational travel. Promote safe bicycling, including e-bikes, through outreach channels and partner agencies.
b. Establish and maintain a system of bicycle facilities that are consistent with the Transportation and Circulation Element of the City’s General Plan and Complete Streets policies. c. Encourage the local police force to use e-bikes where and when appropriate. d. Implement the policies and programs of the Transportation and Circulation Element of the City’s General Plan that support and expand bicycling and micromobility. e. Update the Capital Improvement Program to maintain and improve the system of multiuse pathways and bicycling facilities that are consistent with the Transportation and Circulation Element of the City’s General Plan.
f. Support regional efforts to establish a bike and/or scooter share program. g. Create walking paths where feasible that are directed at destination points.
LCT-3: Walking
Encourage walking as an alternative to vehicular travel through outreach channels and partner agencies. a. Establish and maintain a system of pedestrian facilities that are consistent with the Transportation and Circulation Element of the City’s General Plan and Complete Streets policies to facilitate pedestrian access throughout the City and particularly to and from transportation facilities. b. Update and implement the Capital Improvement Program as necessary to construct and maintain this pedestrian system.
c. Encourage pedestrian activity and reduction in auto use by further improving the public steps and lanes for safe pedestrian use. Protect and, when possible, expand the locations of lanes.
LCT-4: Safe Routes to School
Continue to support the Safe Routes to School Program and strive to increase bicycling, walking, carpooling, and taking public transit to school.
a. Work with school districts, the Transportation Authority of Marin (TAM) and other organizations to promote school and student participation.
b. Identify issues associated with unsafe bicycle and pedestrian facilities between neighborhoods and schools, apply for Safe Routes to School grants, and execute plans to improve pedestrian and bicycle facilities.
Micromobility
Micromobility refers to forms of transportation, human-powered or electric, that can occupy space alongside bicycles. It includes electric scooters and skateboards, docked and dockless shared bikes, and other forms of small, lightweight devices operating at speeds typically below 20 mph.
Micromobility devices do not have an internal combustion engine. 15 c. Encourage residents to participate in the “Yellow School Bus” program and student use of regular transit to reduce school traffic.
LCT-5: Public Transit
Support and promote public transit by taking the following actions:
a. Work with Marin Transit and Golden Gate Transit to maximize ridership through expansion and/or improvement of transit routes, schedules, and bus shelters. b. Work with TAM, employers, and others to provide first and last mile programs to maximize utilization of public transit.
c. Provide safe routes to the ferry landing and other transit facilities that encourage bicycle and pedestrian connections.
d. Encourage transit providers, including school buses, to use renewable diesel as a transition fuel and to purchase electric buses whenever replacing existing buses.
LCT-6: Employee and Construction Trip Reduction
Reduce vehicle miles traveled commuting to work through the following actions:
a. Work with the Transportation Authority of Marin (TAM), the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC), and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) to promote transportation demand programs to local employers, including rideshare matching programs, vanpool incentive programs, emergency ride home programs, telecommuting, transit use discounts and subsidies, showers and changing facilities, bicycle racks and lockers, and other incentives to use transportation other than single occupant vehicles. b. Work with MTC to identify and notify non-compliant businesses in Belvedere and encourage their participation in providing transportation demand management programs. c. Work with TAM on developing a countywide Transportation Demand Management Program to encourage trip reduction throughout County.
d. Encourage large construction projects to provide off-site parking and vanpool incentives as part of the building process to reduce congestion on roadways.
LCT-8: Vehicle Idling
a. Encourage drivers and autonomous vehicles to limit vehicle idling through public outreach and engagement campaigns.
b. Investigate adopting policies for public employees to minimize idling.
LCT-9: Smart Growth Development
Promote land use and development policies that prioritize infill housing and mixed-use development near commercial services and transit facilities, as opposed to development in peripheral areas that require use of vehicles to access transit and services.
LCT-10: Electric Landscape Equipment. Encourage the use of electric landscape equipment instead of gasoline-powered equipment through engagement campaigns and strict enforcement of local ordinances. Advocate for a countywide ban on gas-powered equipment. 16 LCT-11: Zero and Low Emission City Vehicles
Purchase or lease zero-emission vehicles for the City fleet whenever feasible, and when not, the most fuel-efficient models available. Promote City adoption and procurement of zero-emission vehicles and electric vehicles charging infrastructure.
LCT-12: Low Carbon Fuels for City Vehicles
Use low-carbon fuel such as renewable diesel as a transition fuel in the City's fleet and encourage the City's service providers and joint powers agencies to do the same, until vehicles are replaced with zeroemissions vehicles.
LCT-13: City Employee Commute
Continue to provide City employees with incentives and/or reduce barriers to use alternatives to single occupant auto commuting, such as transit use discounts and subsidies, bicycle facilities, showers and changing facilities, ridesharing services, vanpools, emergency ride home service, flexible schedules, and remote working when practicable.
17 RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ELECTRIFICATION
40% of potential reductions
Energy that comes from renewable sources, including solar, wind, geothermal, and small hydroelectric, are the cleanest and most-environmentally friendly energy sources. Here in Belvedere, where there is an abundance of sunny days, solar energy is a particularly good energy source. According to Project Sunroof, 82% of Belvedere buildings have roofs that are solar-viable6. These 800 roofs could generate over 14 million kWh per year, which is more than the total electricity usage in Belvedere in 2019. Our Climate Action Plan projects that we can get about 24% of our electricity from locally produced solar energy systems by 2030, up from about 7% currently, just by maintaining the current growth rate.
When transitioning to solar or when solar is not an option due to a shady roof or a reluctant landlord, residents and business owners can purchase 100% renewable electricity from MCE Clean Energy and PG&E.
MCE and PG&E electricity have a high percentage of renewable and GHG-free content, which means it is some of the cleanest electricity in the country. MCE’s goal is to provide a minimum 95% GHG-free electricity to all its customers by 2022. Considering that MCE currently carries about two-thirds of the total electricity load in Belvedere, that action will significantly reduce emissions.
Since Marin’s electricity is very clean, and getting cleaner, swapping out appliances and heating and cooling systems that use natural gas for ones that use electricity is ultimately cleaner than relying on natural gas. Rebates are currently available from Electrify Marin and BayREN and TECH Clean California. If you are constructing a new home or building, consider going all-electric. Battery prices are falling, and will soon be a cost-effective option, too. Eventually, we will need to replace the majority of natural gas appliances and equipment if we are going to hit our long-term goals. Utilities will need to expand grid capacity, develop electricity storage, and ensure system reliability. Fortunately, ongoing research and development of energy storage 6 Project Sunroof data explorer (January 2022). Technical potential is based on electricity generation by the rooftop area suitable for solar panels assuming economics and grid integration are not a constraint. Every included panel receives at least 75% of the maximum annual sun in the county. Every included roof has a total potential installation size of at least 2kW. Only areas of the roof with enough space to install four adjacent solar panels are included.
Things You Can Do
#1 Switch to MCE Deep
Green or PG&E Solar
Choice 100% renewable
electricity option.
#2 Install a solar energy
system on your home or
business and consider
battery storage.
#3 Replace appliances that
use natural gas for ones
that use electricity.
#4 Investigate heat pump
technology so you can
swap out hot water and
space heaters that use
natural gas when it is time
to replace them.
18 systems are creating new business opportunities and making an all-electric, 100% renewable future possible.
The City will take the following actions to reduce emissions from energy use.
TABLE 6: RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ELECTRIFICATION MEASURES
ID Measure GHG Reduction by 2030
(MTCO2e)
Share of
Reductions
RE-1 Renewable Energy Generation and Storage 157 14%
RE-2 MCE Electricity 374 34%
RE-3 Building and Appliance Electrification 568 52%
RE-4 Innovative Technologies n/a n/a
RE-5 Solar Energy Systems for Municipal Buildings n/a n/a RE-6 Deep Green Electricity n/a n/a
TOTAL 1,100 100%
Note: There are no GHG savings attributed to measures RE-5 and RE-6 because the City was purchasing 100% renewable electricity in 2019.
RE-1: Renewable Energy Generation and Storage
Accelerate installation of residential and commercial solar and energy storage systems. a. Provide permit streamlining and reduce or eliminate fees, as feasible. b. Update building codes, development codes, design guidelines, and zoning ordinances, as necessary, to further facilitate small, medium, and large-scale installations, where appropriate. c. Encourage installation of solar panels over parking areas on commercial projects and large-scale residential developments through ordinance, engagement campaigns, or agency incentives. d. Identify and promote financing and loan programs for residential and non-residential projects. e. Encourage battery storage in conjunction with renewable energy generation projects through engagement campaigns and partner agency incentives.
RE-2: GHG-Free Electricity
Encourage residents and businesses to switch to 100 percent renewable electricity (MCE Deep Green, MCE Local Sol, and PG&E Solar Choice) through engagement campaigns and partner agency incentives and work with MCE Clean Energy to assure that it reaches its goal to provide electricity that is 95 percent GHG-free by 2022.
RE-3: Building and Appliance Electrification
Accelerate electrification of building systems and appliances that currently use natural gas, including heating systems, hot water heaters, stoves, and clothes dryers. 19 a. Promote available rebate programs such as Electrify Marin, BayRen, and TECH Clean California. b. Consider adopting an ordinance that requires homeowners to replace natural gas appliances, such as water heaters, stoves, cooktops, clothes dryers, and heating systems with high-efficiency electric appliances and heat pumps at time of replacement, where feasible. c. Prohibit the use of natural gas end uses in new residential, multifamily, and buildings in the City’s green building ordinance that aligns with the 2022 California Building Standards code update.
Extend the same prohibition to new nonresidential buildings in the 2025 code cycle, if not sooner.
RE-4: Innovative Technologies
Investigate and pursue innovative technologies such as micro-grids, battery storage, and demandresponse programs that will improve the electric grid’s resiliency and help to balance demand and renewable energy production.
RE-5: Solar Energy Systems for Municipal Buildings
Install solar energy systems at municipal buildings and facilities where feasible and investigate and pursue innovative technologies such as battery storage and demand response programs.
RE-6: Municipal Deep Green Electricity
Continue to purchase 100% renewable energy through programs such as MCE Deep Green. 20 ENERGY EFFICIENCY
14% of potential reductions
Increasing the efficiency of buildings is often the most cost-effective approach for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Energy efficiency upgrades, such as adding insulation and sealing heating ducts, have demonstrated energy savings of up to 20 percent, while more aggressive “whole house” retrofits can result in even greater energy savings. Many “low-hanging fruit” improvements can be made inexpensively and without remodeling yet can be extremely cost-efficient, such as swapping out incandescent bulbs to LED bulbs, sealing air leaks, and installing a programmable thermostat. Energy Star-certified appliances and office equipment, high-efficiency heating and air conditioning systems, and high-efficiency windows not only save energy but reduce operating costs in the long run.
New construction techniques and building materials, known collectively as “green building,” can significantly reduce the use of resources and energy in homes and commercial buildings. Green construction methods can be integrated into buildings at any stage, from design and construction to renovation and deconstruction. The State of California requires green building energy-efficiency through the Title 24 Building codes. The State updates these codes approximately every three years, with increasing energy efficiency requirements since 2001. The State’s energy efficiency goals are to have all new residential and commercial construction to be zero net energy by 2030. Local governments can accelerate this target by adopting energy efficiency standards for new construction and remodels that exceed existing State mandates, or by providing incentives, technical assistance, and streamlined permit processes to enable quicker adoption.
The City will take the following actions to reduce emissions in the built environment.
Things You Can Do
#1 Replace indoor and
outdoor lights with LED
bulbs and turn them off
when not in use.
#2 Have an energy
assessment done for your
home or business.
#3 Upgrade insulation,
seal leaks, and install a
programmable
thermostat.
#4 Purchase Energy Star
appliances and
equipment.
#5 Unplug electronic
appliances when not in
use and set the
thermostat to use less
heat and air conditioning.
21 TABLE 7: ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES
ID Measure GHG Reduction by 2030
(MTCO2e)
Share of
Reductions
EE-1 Energy Efficiency Programs 382 96%
EE-2 Energy Audits 16 4%
EE-3 Green Building Reach Code n/a n/a
EE-4 Streamline Permit Process and Provide
Technical Assistance n/a n/a
EE-5 Municipal Energy Efficiency Audit and
Retrofits n/a n/a
EE-6 Municipal Energy Conservation 0.03 <1%
TOTAL 399 100%
Notes: Emissions reductions from a Green Building Reach Code are included in Measure RE-C3.
There are no GHG savings attributed to measures EE-5 and EE-6 reducing electricity consumption because the City was purchasing 100% renewable electricity in 2019.
EE-1: Energy Efficiency Programs
Promote and expand participation in residential and commercial energy efficiency programs. a. Work with organizations and agencies such as the Marin Energy Watch Partnership, the Bay Area Regional Network, Resilient Neighborhoods, and the Marin Climate & Energy Partnership to promote and implement energy efficiency programs and actions. b. Continue and expand participation in energy efficiency programs such as Energy Upgrade California, California Energy Youth Services, and Smart Lights. c. Promote utility, state, and federal rebate and incentive programs. d. Participate and promote financing and loan programs for residential and non-residential projects such as Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) programs, PG&E on-bill repayment, and California Hub for Energy Efficiency Financing (CHEEF) programs.
EE-2: Energy Audits
Investigate requiring energy audits for residential and commercial buildings prior to completion of sale, including identification of cost savings from energy efficiency measures and potential rebates and financing options.
EE-3: Green Building Reach Code
a. Adopt green building requirements for new and remodeled commercial and residential projects above the State building code.
b. Consider adopting low embodied-carbon concrete standards similar to those adopted by the County of Marin.
EE-4: Streamline Permit Process and Provide Technical Assistance Analyze current green building permit and inspection process to eliminate barriers and provide technical assistance to ensure successful implementation of green building requirements. Coordinate with other 22 Marin County agencies to adopt consistent application requirements, where practicable. Work countywide to identify incentives and make it easier for contractors and building counter staff to expedite.
EE-5: Municipal Energy Efficiency Audit and Retrofits
Work with the Marin Energy Management Team to identify and implement energy efficiency projects in municipal buildings and facilities and electrification of existing building systems and equipment that use natural gas.
EE-6: Municipal Energy Conservation
Reduce energy consumption through behavioral and operational changes. a. Establish energy efficiency protocols for building custodial and cleaning services and other employees, including efficient use of facilities, such as turning off lights and computers, thermostat use, etc.
b. Incorporate energy management software, electricity monitors, or other methods to monitor energy use in municipal buildings, where feasible.
23 WASTE REDUCTION
13% of potential reductions
The things we buy, consume, and throw away generate a lot of greenhouse gas emissions during manufacturing, transport, distribution, and disposal. The best way to reduce emissions is to purchase and consume less in the first place and attempt to gift or donate items to someone who can reuse whatever you no longer need before considering recycling or disposal.
Due to the way we account for community emissions, our Climate Change Action Plan does not take credit for reducing upstream emissions. Instead, our GHG accounting is directly concerned with emissions that are created from the anaerobic
decomposition of organic waste in the landfill. The decomposition process creates methane, which is 28 times more potent as a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide.7 Some landfills such as Redwood Landfill capture the methane use it to create biogas or electricity. However, about one-quarter of it escapes into the atmosphere.
Diverting organic material from the landfill is a clear and viable option for reducing these emissions. Paper and cardboard can be recycled. Food scraps, some paper (like napkins, paper towels, and greasy pizza boxes), and yard waste can be composted, either at home or by putting it in the green bin, which is then taken to s composting facility. Surplus food can be donated to non-profits that distribute it to those in need.
The measures below are designed to maximize diversion of organic waste from the landfill by 2025 and further conform with the letter and intent of SB 1383 discussed below. Such measures include encouraging residents and businesses to recycle and compost organic waste. To meet our diversion target, the City will favor trash collection practices that make recycling and composting cost-effective and efficient. The City will also work 7 Environmental Protection Agency, https://www.epa.gov/lmop/basic-information-about-landfill-gas, accessed January 13, 2022.
Things You Can Do
#1 Buy only as much as you
need.
#2 Buy locally grown food and
eat less meat.
#3 Put your food scraps in the
green can and/or compost
them at home.
#4 Donate extra food and used
clothing and housewares.
#5 Consult the waste hauler’s
website to understand what to
recycle and compost.
#6 Conserve paper by
implementing digital practices
at home such as paperless
billing, online banking, an
online document storage and
remove yourself from junk
mailing lists.
#7 Use refillable water bottles
and coffee cups and take your
reusable bags to the store.
#8 Avoid single-use plastics,
utensil, and straws and
products that contain
bioplastics.
#9 Dispose of electronics at
locations where they can be
refurbished.
24 with the local waste hauler to develop programs that incentivize residents and businesses about these practices.
These local measures also support state legislation to significantly reduce emissions from organic waste disposal. Senate Bill (SB) 1383 establishes targets to achieve a 50% reduction statewide in organic waste disposal from the 2014 level by 2020 and a 75% reduction by 2025. The law also establishes a target for at least 20% of currently disposed edible food to be recovered for human consumption by 2025. In 2022, CalRecycle may begin to issue penalties for non-compliance. On January 1, 2024, the regulations may require local jurisdictions to impose penalties for non-compliance on regulated entities subject to their authority.
In addition, Assembly Bill (AB) 1826 requires businesses to recycle their organic waste, depending on the amount of waste they generate per week. The law phases in mandatory recycling of commercial organics over time. As of January 2019, businesses that generate 4 or more cubic yards of commercial solid waste per week are required to arrange for organic waste recycling services. In 2020, the law was extended to cover businesses that generate 2 cubic yards or more of commercial solid waste.8 Belvedere supports the Waste Hierarchy, as set of practices that should be the basis of all waste management. Waste prevention through buying less is the most preferred method waste management and offers the greatest environmental benefits. This is followed by the reuse of products, which prolongs the life of the materials; donations are a great way to reuse products. Recycling and composting are next in the hierarchy as their processes turn waste material into new products, thereby conserving virgin resources. Safe disposal should be the last choice as it is typically landfilled or incinerate, releasing greenhouse gasses and harmful pollutants into the atmosphere.9 FIGURE 8 : THE WASTE HEIRARCHY
8 CalRecycle, https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/recycle/commercial/organics, accessed January 13, 2022. 9 Environmental Protection Agency, https://www.epa.gov/smm/sustainable-materials-management-nonhazardous-materials-and-waste-management-hierarchy, accessed January 13, 2022. 25 Plastics are one of the materials that can often be recycled, but single use plastics such as such as straws and cutlery, end up in the landfill because their small size allows them to fall through the machinery openings. Many products are labeled as compostable, but also end up in the landfill because their materials contain bioplastics. Plastics are harmful to our marine life, fish, and birds, and they release greenhouse gas emissions during their manufacturing process. Belvedere supports Marin County’s proposed Reusable Foodware Ordinance for the local food service industry that prioritizes the use of reusables, prohibits the use of single use plastics, and encourages residents not to purchase single use plastics or products made with bioplastics.10
The City will take the following actions to reduce emissions from waste.
TABLE 8: WASTE REDUCTION MEASURES
ID Measure GHG Reduction by
2030 (MTCO2e)
Share of
Reductions
WR-1 Commercial Organic Waste
345 96% WR-2 Residential Organic Waste
WR-3 C&D Debris and Self-Haul Waste
WR-5 Waste Hauler Agreement
WR-6 Extended Producer Responsibility n/a n/a
WR-7 Inorganic Waste n/a n/a
WR-8 Waste from Public Containers and City Operations 14 4% TOTAL 359 100%
WR-1: Commercial Organic Waste
Work with Zero Waste Marin, the local waste hauler, and non-profits such as Extra Food to divert commercial organic waste from the landfill through recycling, composting, and participation in waste-toenergy and food recovery programs. a. In compliance with SB 1383, adopt an ordinance requiring mandatory subscription to organics collection provided by the local waste hauler for all business, including multifamily residential dwellings, that produce 2 cubic yards or more of organic waste. b. Conduct outreach and education to businesses and private social clubs subject to State organic waste recycling mandates (AB 1826 and SB 1383) and encourage and enforce compliance with the law.
c. Refer new and major remodel commercial and multi-family residential project proposals to the City's waste hauler for review and comment and require projects to provide adequate waste and recycling facilities and access as feasible.
10 County of Marin, https://www.marincounty.org/depts/cd/divisions/environmental-health-services/reusablefoodware-ordinanc, accessed January 13, 2022. 26 d. Encourage and facilitate commercial and multi-family property owners to require responsible use of on-site recycling facilities in lease and rental agreements and to train and regularly evaluate janitorial, landscape, and other property management services. e. Assess capacity of existing food recovery programs, expand existing food recovery infrastructure if needed, monitor commercial generators for compliance, and conduct education and outreach.
WR-2: Residential Organic Waste
a. Work with Zero Waste Marin, the local waste hauler, and other organizations to provide free educational resources that motivate residents to utilize curbside collection services (green bins) and home composting for food waste.
WR-3: Construction & Demolition Debris and Self-Haul Waste a. Require all loads of construction & demolition debris and self-haul waste to be processed for recovery of materials as feasible.
b. Investigate creation of an ordinance requiring deconstruction of buildings proposed for demolition or remodeling to salvage materials of significant historical, cultural, aesthetic, functional or reuse value.
c. Wherever feasible, keep soil on site and discourage “cut and fill.” WR-4: Waste Hauler Services
a. Review and revise the City’s franchise agreement with the waste hauler to ensure waste reduction and diversion targets are met.
b. Ensure organic waste collection service (including green waste, food waste, fibers, and manure) that complies with SB 1383 regulations is provided to all residents and businesses. c. Conduct a feasibility study and encourage the waste hauler to consider investing in new solid waste processing infrastructure to remove recoverable materials (recycling and organics) from the waste stream and reduce contamination.
d. Require regular residential and commercial waste audits and waste characterization studies to identify opportunities for increased diversion and to track progress in meeting targets. e. Embark on an education and social marketing campaign to increase waste reduction, reuse, recycling, and composting by residents and businesses.
WR-5: Extended Producer Responsibility
a. Encourage the State to regulate the production and packaging of consumer goods and take-back programs.
b. Encourage on-demand product and food delivery services to reduce packaging waste and investigate requirements and incentives for the same through ordinance and/or engagement campaigns.
WR-6: Inorganic Waste
a. Promote reuse, repair, and recycling of inorganic materials, and encourage reduced use of packaging and single use items, including plastics and products with bioplastics, through engagement campaigns.
b. Establish best practices to dispose of paint, electronics, and other hazardous waste materials in a socially responsible manner.
c. Consider adopting a Reusable Foodware Ordinance for local businesses. 27 WR-7: Waste from Public Containers and City Operations a. Embark on an educational and social marketing-based campaign to increase waste reduction, reuse, recycling, and composting within municipal operations at public facilities. b. Conduct periodic waste audits of City facilities to understand where opportunities for increased diversion lie and to track progress.
c. Provide attractively designed containers in public areas for food waste collection. 28 WATER CONSERVATION
<1% of potential reductions
Belvedere is no stranger to periodic droughts and the need to conserve water, and the community has responded by reducing per capita water use by about 25%, from 142 gallons per person per day (gpcd) in 2005 to 107 gpcd in 2019 (based on district-wide data). In addition to installing low-flow fixtures (showerheads, faucets, and toilets) and water-efficient appliances (clothes washers and dishwashers), residents and businesses are planting native, drought-tolerant species and even replacing lawns with attractive, low-water use gardens. Good thing, because as temperatures continue to rise, we will experience more droughts and more intense heat waves than before.
Our Greenhouse Gas Inventory counts emissions that are generated from the energy used to pump, treat, and convey water from the water source to Belvedere water users. Far more emissions are created from the energy that is used to heat water, but those emissions are counted in the Built Environment sectors. Therefore, the water sector comprises a much smaller share of community emissions than one might expect.
The water agencies that supply Belvedere’s water are committed to using 100% renewable energy in their operations. Marin Municipal Water District (MMWD) began purchasing Deep Green electricity from MCE in 2017, and Sonoma County Water Agency, which provides 20- 25% of MMWD’s water, started purchasing 100% renewable electricity in 2015. As a result, emissions from the water sector are very small.
It is important to remember, however, that energy used to heat water contributes significantly to a household’s carbon footprint, especially if the hot water heater uses natural gas. A hot water heater using natural gas generates approximately 1.5 MTCO2e per year, or about onequarter of the average household’s energy emissions in Belvedere.
Switching to an electric heat pump water heater can reduce emissions from heating water up to 90%.
In addition, water conservation reduces the amount of wastewater and the greenhouse gas emissions that are created from the wastewater treatment process.
The City will take the following actions to reduce emissions from water use.
Things You Can Do
#1 Replace your lawn with
a drought-tolerant garden.
#2 Install a drip irrigation
system and check it
regularly for leaks.
#3 Install low water flow
faucets, showerheads, and
toilets.
#4 Buy water-efficient
dishwashers and clothes
washers when it is time to
replace them.
#5 Replace your natural
gas hot water heater with
an electric heat pump
water heater.
29 TABLE 9: WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES
ID Measure GHG Reduction by 2030
(MTCO2e)
Share of
Reductions
WC-1 Community Water Use 0.3 100%
WC-2 Municipal Water Use Included in WC-1
WC-C1: Community Water Use
Reduce indoor and outdoor water use in residential and commercial buildings and landscaping. a. Work with Marin Municipal Water District (MMWD) and other organizations to promote water conservation programs and incentives.
b. Educate residents and businesses about local and State laws requiring retrofit of non-compliant plumbing fixtures during remodeling and at resale.
c. Ensure all projects requiring building permits, plan check, or design review use water-efficient landscaping in compliance with State and MMWD regulations. d. Encourage the installation of greywater and rainwater collection systems and the use of recycled water where available through ordinance or engagement campaigns.
WC-2: Municipal Water Use
Reduce indoor and outdoor water use in municipal facilities and operations. a. Replace high water use plants and inefficient irrigation systems with water-efficient landscaping. b. Replace inefficient plumbing fixtures with high-efficiency fixtures. c. Use recycled water as available and practicable for parks and outdoor landscaping. 30 SEQUESTRATION AND ADAPTATION
California is already experiencing the effects of climate change. Every year, it seems like the news gets grimmer: more wildfires, more heat waves, longer droughts, more intense storms, less snowpack, and less fresh water. Annual average air temperatures have already increased by about 1.8 °F in California, and that number will likely double even if the world can reduce emissions 80% by 2050. Belvedere needs to be prepared for the likely impacts of climate change, including flooding from more intense storms and sea level rise, health impacts from heat exposure and poor air quality, and safety risks from the increased likelihood of wildfires and landslides.
Sea level rise is a particular concern to Belvedere, where many homes, businesses, and industrial and recreational facilities are at risk for flooding. Sea level has already risen 8” in San Francisco Bay and is expected to rise another 10 inches by 2040. Within this short period, homes in the flat areas and around the lagoon could be flooded if levees are overtopped and would be vulnerable to worsening subsidence. Shoreline homes West Shore and Beach Roads would be vulnerable, especially during storms.
By the end of the century, sea level is projected to rise 2.4 to 3.4 feet, and possibly as much as 5 feet. At the higher end, 470 buildings, or 27% of all Belvedere’s buildings, could face some level of tidal flooding. A comprehensive assessment of Belvedere’s vulnerable assets was completed in 2017. For more information, see the Marin Shoreline Sea Level Rise Assessment. While the Climate Action Plan contains some measures that address adaptation, a more complete set of goals, policies and programs are contained in the 2018 Marin County MultiJurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan.
In addition to adaptation strategies, this section contains measures to sequester carbon dioxide through planting and preservation of trees and other vegetation and the development of carbon-rich soils.
Carbon offsets are often used to fund these types of carbon sequestration projects and can be purchased to offset emissions that are difficult to otherwise mitigate, such as airplane flights. We have not credited emission reductions for these actions because we do not count sequestered carbon in the community greenhouse gas inventory, but we recognize that sequestration is a critical component to meeting our carbon reduction goals.
The City will take the following actions to sequester carbon dioxide and adapt to climate change.
What You Can Do
#1 Plant trees appropriate
to your situation.
#2 Add compost to your
soil.
#3 Purchase carbon
offsets for airplane flights
and other emissions that
are difficult to mitigate.
#4 Find out if your home
or business is vulnerable
to sea level rise at Our
Coast Our Future.
31 TABLE 10: SEQUESTRATION AND ADAPTATION MEASURES TO REDUCE COMMUNITY EMISSIONS ID Measure
SA-1 Urban Forest
SA-2 Carbon Sequestration
SA-3 Carbon Offsets
SA-4 Climate Change and Sea Level Rise Adaptation
SA-1: Urban Forest
Increase carbon sequestration and improve air quality and natural cooling through increasing tree cover in Belvedere. Preserving Belvedere’s vegetation is an essential adaptation to climate change, even as we balance these assets against the desire to protect view corridors, both public and private, which are important characteristics of the aesthetic life in Belvedere. a. Plant additional trees on City-owned land, including public parks and open space, where feasible.
b. Review parking lot landscape standards to maximize tree cover, size, growth, and sequestration potential.
c. Continue to regulate and minimize removal of large (heritage) trees and require planting of replacement trees and/or fees to support mitigation planting in Belvedere parks and open space areas.
d. Require that the site planning, construction, and maintenance of new development preserve existing healthy trees and native vegetation on site to the maximum extent feasible. Replace trees and vegetation not able to be saved per subsection (c) above. e. Encourage community members to plant trees on private land. f. Permit reasonable maintenance of bees on private land. g. Require permeable pavement to capture surface run-off to support landscaping in all parks, open space, and common areas.
h. Provide information to the public, including landscape companies, gardeners, and nurseries, on carbon sequestration rates, drought tolerance, and fire resistance of different tree species. i. Collaborate with fire agencies and Marin County Open Space District, Marin Municipal Water District, and private property owners, to manage fire-prone trees and invasive species in the open space for forest health and reduction of fuel load. j. Require new development, redevelopment, and infrastructure projects to implement best management practices, e.g., promoting low-impact construction and development techniques, avoiding non-pervious surfaces in landscape design, and integrating natural features into the project design, to naturally filter and biodegrade contaminants and to minimize surface runoff. k. Remove redwood trees from the City’s list of undesirable trees due to their extremely high sequestration rate.
SA-2: Carbon Sequestration
Increase carbon sequestration in the built environment, developed landscapes, and natural areas. 32 a. Where appropriate, encourage the use of building materials that store carbon through agency partnerships and engagement campaigns.
b. Encourage and support composting to develop healthy, carbon-rich soils. c. Manage parks and open spaces to steadily increase carbon in vegetation and soil.
SA-3: Carbon Offsets
Reduce the impact of greenhouse gas emissions through the purchase of carbon offsets. a. Encourage community members to purchase carbon offsets to reduce their carbon footprint through engagement campaigns.
b. Consider partnering with a local non-profit organization to promote an effective carbon offset program.
c. Educate community members as to means for offsetting emissions that are difficult to mitigate otherwise, such as airplane travel.
SA-4: Climate Change and Sea Level Rise Adaptation
Prepare for and adapt to a rising sea level.
a. Support and integrate Climate Action Planning and implementation with the ongoing adaptation efforts of BayWAVE.
b. Coordinate and integrate climate adaptation planning consistently throughout related City plans, including but not limited to the General Plan and its Safety Element, Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP), sea level rise adaptation plans, Community Wildfire Protection Plan, and emergency and capital improvement plans.
c. Promote fair and robust inclusion of lower-income households, regardless of home ownership, in the planning and response to climate change impacts, including sea level rise, flood risk, fire, public health, and emergency preparedness.
d. Collaborate with Marin cities and towns, the County of Marin, special districts, JPAs, and regional bodies to coordinate and integrate planning.
33 COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
The Climate Action Plan contains actions that the City can undertake to reduce its own emissions by about 51 MTCO2e, bringing the emissions from municipal operations down to 50% below 2005 levels.
However, since emissions from governmental operations make up only about 1% of community-wide emissions, that is just a drop in the bucket.
Our residents, businesses, workers, and visitors will have to do their part to ensure we meet our reduction targets. The City can compel some of these actions by adopting ordinances and building regulations, but much of the success of our plan will depend on informing our community members and encouraging them to act on their own. This section details the ways in which the City will seek public engagement and work with local businesses and community groups to achieve the emissions reductions identified for measures in other sections of the Plan.
The City promotes Resilient Neighborhoods to educate Belvedere residents on ways they can reduce their carbon footprint. The program organizes Climate Action Teams that meet five times over two months to learn about strategies and resources to improve home energy efficiency, shift to renewable energy, use low-carbon transportation, conserve water, reduce waste, and adapt to a changing climate. To start, participants calculate their household carbon footprint and then take actions to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by at least 5,000 pounds or 25%. Studies show that Resilient Neighborhoods’ graduates not only continue to fulfill pledges and further reduce household emissions after the program ends, they also inspire friends and families to take action.
The City will take the following actions to engage the community to reduce emissions.
TABLE 11: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT MEASURES TO REDUCE COMMUNITY EMISSIONS ID Measure
CE-1 Community Education
CE-2 Community Engagement
CE-3 Advocacy
CE-4 Green Businesses
Things You Can Do
#1 Sign up for Resilient
Neighborhoods and join a
Climate Action Team.
#2 Commit to reducing your
carbon footprint by taking the
actions identified in this Plan.
#3. Spread the word -
advocate to your neighbors,
employees, co-workers, etc.
34 CE-1: Community Education
Work with community-based outreach organizations, such as Resilient Neighborhoods, to educate and motivate community members on ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in their homes, businesses, transportation modes, and other activities.
CE-2: Community Engagement
Implement a communitywide public outreach and behavior change campaign to engage residents, businesses, and consumers around the impacts of climate change and the ways individuals and organizations can reduce their GHG emissions and create a more sustainable, resilient, and healthier community. Create an overarching theme to articulate a long-term goal, motivate community members, and brand a comprehensive suite of GHG-reduction programs. Prioritize promotion of programs that have the greatest greenhouse gas reduction potential while utilizing the best practices for public outreach and education. Emphasize and encourage citizens' involvement in reaching the community's climate goals, including innovative means of tracking milestones and comparing Belvedere's performance with other communities and with state, national and global benchmarks. a. Conduct outreach to a wide variety of neighborhood, business, educational, faith, service, and social organizations.
b. Inform the public about the benefits of installing energy and water-efficient appliances and fixtures, electrifying their homes and commercial buildings, installing solar energy systems, and purchasing 100% renewable electricity.
c. Inform the public about the benefits of using carbon-free and low-carbon transportation modes, such as driving electric vehicles, walking, bicycling, taking public transportation, and ridesharing. d. Utilize and tailor existing marketing materials when available. e. Work with Marin County health and environmental services and other Marin agencies to promote the environmental (and health) benefits of a more plant-based diet, including growing food at home and purchasing locally produced food.
f. Partner with MCE, PG&E, MMWD, Marin Sanitary Service, Transportation Authority of Marin, Marin Transit, Golden Gate Transit, SMART, and other entities to provide and promote equitable financing, audits, rebates, incentives, and services to the Belvedere community. g. Utilize the City's website, newsletters, social media, bill inserts, public service announcements and advertisements, recognition programs, and other forms of public outreach. h. Create stories and “shareable content” that can be used by residents, businesses, non-profits, in both the social media and the traditional media context. i. Use creative methods to engage the public, such as games, giveaways, prizes, contests, simple surveys, digital tools, and “pop-up” events.
j. Develop pilot programs using community-based social marketing and other community outreach and incentive programs to encourage positive changes in local consumer habits. k. Participate in countywide outreach and education efforts.
CE-3: Advocacy
Advocate at the regional, state, and federal levels for policies and actions that support the rapid transition to GHG-free energy sources, electrification of buildings and the transportation fleet, and other impactful measures to rapidly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 35 CE-4: Green Businesses
Encourage local businesses to participate in the Marin County Green Business Program through partnerships with the County, Chamber, and other business groups. 36 IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING
Plans are only effective if they are implemented, and results are carefully evaluated. The City will prepare an annual assessment of the progress it is making on implementing the measures contained in this Climate Action Plan and continue to quantify community and greenhouse gas emissions to determine if we are on track to meet our reduction targets.
The City will take the following actions to implement and monitor the Climate Action Plan.
TABLE 12: IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING MEASURES TO REDUCE COMMUNITY EMISSIONS ID Measure
IM-1 Annual Monitoring
IM-2 Update GHG Emissions Inventories
IM-3 Funding Sources
IM-4 Update the Climate Change Action Plan
IM-1: Annual Monitoring
Monitor and report on the City’s progress annually. Track and report on key metrics such as number of ZEV registrations, natural gas appliance conversions, and EV chargers installed. Create an annual priorities list for implementation.
IM-2: Update GHG Emissions Inventories
Update and report the greenhouse gas emissions inventory for community emissions annually and every five years for government operations.
IM-3: Funding Sources
Identify funding sources for recommended actions, and pursue local, regional, State, and federal grants as appropriate. Investigate creation of a local carbon fund or other permanent source of revenue to implement the Climate Action Plan.
IM-4: Update the Climate Action Plan
Update the Climate Action Plan regularly to incorporate new long-term reduction targets and strategies to meet those targets.
Things You Can Do
#1 Get involved! Attend City
Council meetings, Climate
Action Plan implementation
forums, and other public
forums to voice your
support for actions
contained in this Plan.
37 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
City Council
Sally Wilkinson, Mayor
Steve Block, Vice Mayor
James Campbell
Nancy Kemnitzer
James Lynch
City Staff
Irene Borba, Director of Planning & Building
Rebecca Markwick, Senior Planner
Marin Climate & Energy Partnership
Christine O’Rourke, Sustainability Coordinator
Funded by the Marin Climate & Energy Partnership and the Marin Energy Watch Partnership.
A-1
Appendix A: Program Calculations
GHG EMISSIONS REDUCTION SUMMARY
City of Belvedere
Measure 2030 GHG Emissions
Reductions (MTCO2e/yr)
Local Actions
LCT-1 Zero Emission Vehicles -837
LCT-3 Walking -0.5
LCT-4 Safe Routes to School -8
LCT-5 Public Transit -3
LCT-6 Employee Trip Reduction -30
LCT-10 Electric Landscape Equipment -8
LCT-11 Zero and Low Emission City Vehicles -30
LCT-12 Low Carbon Fuels for City Vehicles -3
LCT-13 City Employee Commute -4
RE-1 Renewable Energy Generation and Storage -157
RE-2 MCE Electricity -374
RE-3 Building and Appliance Electrification -568
EE-1 Energy Efficiency Programs -382
EE-2 Energy Audits -16
EE-4 Municipal Energy Conservation -0.3
WR 1-5 Waste Diversion Measures -345
WR-8 Municipal Waste Diversion -14
WC-1 Community Water Use 0
WC-2 Municipal Water Use 0
TOTAL - LOCAL ACTIONS -2,780
State Actions
RPS -36
TITLE 24 -228
Light and Heavy-Duty Fleet Regulations -699
Small Off-Road Equipment -58
TOTAL - STATE ACTIONS -963
A-2
Projected Emissions
Projected BAU Community GHG Emissions 11,186
Emissions Reduction from Local and State Actions -3,743 Projected Community Emissions with Local and State Actions Implemented 7,444 2030 GHG Target to Meet State Goals 7,576
Reduction from 2005 Baseline Emissions
2005 Community GHG Emissions 14,855
Community Emissions with Local and State Actions Implemented 7,444 % Reduction from 2005 Emissions 50%
Reduction from Estimated 1990 Emissions
Estimated 1990 GHG Level 12,627
% Below 1990 Levels 41%
A-3
ZERO EMISSION VEHICLES
LCT-1
Reductions
(MTCO2e)
-837 2030
Targets 35% of passenger vehicles in Marin are ZEVs in 2030 (approximately 70,000 ZEVs). 21% annual growth rate of registered ZEVs in Marin.
Methodology
and
Assumptions
Marin has approximately 1.5% of all ZEVs in California (DMV, 1-1-19) and 197,609 automobiles registered in the County (DMV, 2019). CARB's proposed strategy is to put
4.2 million ZEVs on the road by 2030, which is approximately 14% of light duty vehicles in California in 2030. In January 2018, Governor Jerry Brown issued Executive Order B48-18 set a new goal of having a total of 5 million ZEVs in California in 2030. In September 2020, Governor Gavin Newsom issued Executive Order N-79-20 which sets a goal for 100 percent of in-state sales of new passenger cars and light trucks to be zeroemission by 2035.
By the end of 2019, the CEC reports there were 5,362 battery EVs (BEV), 3,076 Plug-in hybrids (PHEV), and 60 fuel cell vehicles, for a total of 8,498 ZEVs. By the end of 2020, the CEC reports there were 6,377 BEVs, 3,280 PHEVs, and 52 fuel cell vehicles, for a total of 9,709 ZEVs. This represents an annual growth rate of 14.25%. We conservatively assume the same percentage of EVs in 2030 as in 2020: 66% battery EVs and 34% plug-in hybrids.
74% of the distance PHEVs drive is electric (Smart et al, 2014).
EV kWh/mile is 0.32 (US Dept of Energy).
Assuming the same share of ZEV ownership in 2030 as in 2019 (1.5%) means there would be approximately 75,000 ZEVs registered in Marin by 2030, or approximately 37% of existing automobile registrations. We assume 69,699 ZEVs in Marin in 2030, or 35% of ZEVs registered in Marin. This would require an average annual growth rate of 21%. Electric vehicle sales in Marin grew by 26% in 2018 and 28% in 2019 (ICCT, 2018).
This data suggests that an annual growth rate of 21% is reasonable, especially as the number of models expands and battery technology and charging improves.
Passenger VMT is adjusted to reflect the fact that approximately 35% of countywide commute VMT originates from workers who live outside Marin County (TAM). Measure does not apply to VMT generated by Belvedere workers and visitors who do not live in Marin.
According to the Department of Energy, towns (population 2,500 to 50,000) need 54 public EV plugs per 1,000 PEVs, which would equal about 3,549 public EV plugs countywide for 65,717 ZEVs. The analysis assumes 88% of EV charging is done at home.
A-4
Sources California Air Resources Board, 2017 Scoping Plan.
Smart, J., Bradley, T., and Salisbury, S., "Actual Versus Estimated Utility Factor of a Large Set of Privately Owned Chevrolet Volts," SAE Int. J. Alt. Power. 3(1):2014, doi:10.4271/2014-01-1803.
U.S, Department of Energy, Alternative Fuels Data Center, https://www.afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric_emissions_sources.html. Sales weighted average of 2016 model year vehicles with sales in 2015: 2015 sales from "U.S. Plug-in Electric Vehicle Sales by Model"
(https://www.afdc.energy.gov/data/vehicles.html); MPGs from 2016 Fuel Economy Guide (https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/)
The International Council on Clean Transportation, "California's continued electric vehicle market development," May 2018,
https://www.theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/CA-cityEV-Briefing20180507.pdf.
US Department of Energy, "National Plug-In Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Analysis," September 2017. https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy17osti/69031.pdf Bay Area Air Quality Management District, Vehicle Miles Dataportal, http://capvmt.uswest-2.elasticbeanstalk.com/, accessed 1/19/22.
California Department of Transportation, "California County-Level Economic Forecast 2018-2050," September 2018.
California Energy Commission, "Zero Emission Vehicle and Infrastructure Statistics," https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/energy-insights/zero-emission-vehicle-andcharger-statistics, accessed January 19, 2022.
Personal communication with Derek McGill, Planning Manager, Transportation Authority of Marin, [email protected], August 22, 2018.
Calculation
2030
Number of registered Marin ZEVs by end of 2019 8,498
% of total light-duty vehicles in 2019 4.2%
Projected number of registered passenger vehicles in Marin in 2030 199,141 Percent of Marin ZEVs in target year 35%
Number of Marin ZEVs in target year 69,699
Percent of ZEVs in Marin assumed by EMFAC2021 8.2%
Increase in ZEVs 61,201
Additional ZEVs as a percent of Marin vehicles from this measure 26.8% Belvedere passenger VMT 11,592,967 miles
VMT from non-Marin workers and visitors 1,099,191 miles Belvedere passenger VMT from Marin-based vehicles 10,493,776 miles VMT from additional ZEVs 2,815,062 miles
VMT driven with electricity 2,566,210 miles
Emissions without EV program 991 MTCO2e
A-5
Tailpipe emissions reduction with EV program 903 MTCO2e Electricity used by ZEVs 821,187 kWh
Electricity emissions from ZEVs 66 MTCO2e
Emissions reduction 837 MTCO2e
A-6
WALKING
LCT-3
Reductions
(MTCO2e)
0.5 2030
Targets 2% reduction in VMT for vehicle trips that start and end in Belvedere by 2030 Methodology and
Assumptions
Studies cited by CAPCOA show pedestrian network improvements can reduce VMT 1-2% (CAPCOA SDT-1). We apply this to passenger vehicle trips that start and end Belvedere and assume a 1% reduction for 2030.
Sources California Air Pollution Control Officers Association, "Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures: A Resource for Local Government to Assess Emission Reductions from Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures," August, 2010.
Bay Area Air Quality Management District Vehicle Miles Traveled Data Portal, http://capvmt.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com/data
Calculation
2030
Passenger vehicle trips starting and ending in Belvedere 67,149 VMT % decrease in VMT due to pedestrian improvements 2.0%
Annual decrease in VMT 1,343 VMT
GHG emissions reductions 0.5 MTCO2e
A-7
SAFE ROUTES TO SCHOOL
LCT-4
Reductions
(MTCO2e)
-8 2030
Targets Reduce school trips in family vehicle by 29%, from an average of 45% to 32%.
Methodology and
Assumptions
To demonstrate the benefits of providing Safe Routes to Schools, the Marin County Bicycle Coalition recruited nine pilot schools in four different geographic locations. Initial surveys reported that 62% of the students were arriving by car, with only 14% walking, 7% biking to school, 11% carpool, and 6% arriving by bus.
Every school in the pilot program held periodic Walk and Bike to School Days and participated in the Frequent Rider Miles contest, which rewarded children who came to school walking, biking, by carpool or bus.
At the end of the pilot program, the participating schools experienced a 57% increase in the number of children walking and biking and a 29% decrease in the number of children arriving alone in a car.
We assume an elementary school and middle school population (K-8) population of 301 with an average trip length of 1.7 mile, 180 school days, and an existing share of school trips completed in a family vehicle of 41% according to recent Safe Routes to School surveys taken at participating schools in Tiburon serving the Belvedere community.
Sources US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates 2019, Table B14001.
Safe Routes to School Marin County,
http://www.saferoutestoschools.org/sr2s_reed_union.html Safe Routes to School Marin County,
http://www.saferoutestoschools.org/history.html#success Calculation
2030
School population miles travelled 191,485 miles
Percent of miles driven in a family vehicle 41%
Potential percent decrease in students driving to school 29 % VMT avoided 22,768 VMT
Emissions reductions 8 MTCO2e
A-8
PUBLIC TRANSIT
LCT-5
GHG Reductions
(MTCO2e)
-3 2030
Targets 33% of Marin Transit and Golden Gate Transit buses will be electric by 2030 and the remaining use renewable diesel.
Methodology and
Assumptions
Marin Transit reports 3,674,440 revenue miles in FY 2019 and 0.1% of those ae within Belvedere for a total of 4,757 revenue miles attributed to Belvedere. Marin Transit's Draft Fixed Route Vehicle Replacement Plan indicates 33% of its fleet will be zero emission by 2030. In 2019, 72% of its buses were using renewable diesel and 3% of the fixed route buses were zero emission. Marin Transit has been using renewable diesel since 2016. We assume 33% will be driven by electric buses utilizing MCE electricity by 2030.
CARB adopted the Innovative Clean Transit (ICT) Rule in December 2018. This rule outlines a transition of California transit agencies to a zero emission fleet by 2040. 100% of transit agencies' bus purchases must be zero emission beginning in 2029. Marin Transit's Draft Fixed Route Vehicle Replacement Plan (2019) identifies purchases that will achieve the ICT zero emission fleet mandate in 2040.
Sources Marin Transit Board of Directors Staff Report, April 1, 2019 Personal communication with Keith Nunn, Director of Maintenance, Golden Gate Transit, Oct. 22, 2019.
Personal communication with Anna Penoyar, Senior Capital Analyst, Marin Transit, Oct. 22, 2019.
Calculation
2030
Belvedere's share of passenger revenue miles 4,757 miles Emissions, BAU 6 MTCO2e
Renewable diesel VMT 67%
Electric bus VMT 33%
Emissions 3 MTCO2e
GHG emissions reductions 3 MTCO2e
A-9
EMPLOYEE TRIP REDUCTION
LCT-6
Reductions (MTCO2e)
-30 2030
Targets
100% of covered employers provide an employee trip reduction program.
Methodology and Assumptions CAPCOA TRT-1 indicates VMT reduction of 5.4% for suburban center location. Employer programs include: carpooling, ride matching, preferential carpool parking, flexible work schedules for carpools, a half-time transportation coordinator, vanpool assistance, bicycle parking, showers, and locker facilities. This measure assumes voluntary employee participation.
BAAQMD Transportation Fund for Clean Air guidance indicates a reduction of 0.2% of commute VMT for Guaranteed Ride Home Programs.
MTC identifies 11 unregistered businesses with 50 or more employees in Belvedere with a total of 474 employees. We assume all participate by 2030. We assume 240 workdays per year.
Sources California Air Pollution Control Officers Association, "Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures: A Resource for Local Government to Assess Emission Reductions from Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures," August 2010.
BAAQMD Transportation Fund for Clean Air Guidance FYE 2018.
Personal communication with Corey Dodge, Program Coordinator, Bay Area Metro, [email protected], 10/2/19.
Calculation
2020 2030
Number of unregistered employees working in companies with 50 or more employees 474 Number of employees targeted for program 474
Average daily VMT for Belvedere worker 13.3
Estimated annual VMT 1,513,527
VMT reduction 5.6%
Annual decrease in VMT 84,758
GHG emissions reductions 30
A-10
ELECTRIC LANDSCAPE EQUIPMENT
LCT-10
Reductions (MTCO2e)
-8 2030
Target 80% of landscape equipment is electric by 2030.
Methodology and Assumptions In October 2021, the state passed AB 1346, which states, “By July 1, 2022, the state board shall, consistent with federal law, adopt cost-effective and technologically
feasible regulations to prohibit engine exhaust and
evaporative emissions from new small off-road engines, as defined by the state board. Those regulations shall apply to engines produced on or after January 1, 2024.”
In December 2021, CARB adopted small off-road engines
(SORE) regulations that require most newly manufactured small off-road engines to be zero emission starting in 2024.
SORE are spark-ignition engines rated at or below 19
kilowatts. Engines in this category are primarily used for lawn, garden, and other outdoor power equipment. An
emissions reduction 0f 70% due to the implementation of AB 1346 is quantified separately as a State Action.
For this action SORE subject to the 2024 ban includes lawn mowers, leaf blowers, trimmers, edgers, chainsaws <45 cc, riding mowers, and log splitters. This equipment consumed 1,171,773 gallons of gasoline in 2019 (OFFROAD 2021).
Similar to the off-road emissions inventory, we assume
0.8% of emissions are attributable to Belvedere based on its share of countywide households in 2019. We assume an additional 10% reduction in emissions due to City action.
Sources OFFROAD2021 (v1.0.1) Emissions Inventory
Calculation
2030
Portable landscape equipment gasoline consumption, BAU 9,375 gallons Emissions from potable landscape equipment, BAU 83 MTCO2e Reduction due to City action 10%
Emissions reductions 8 MTCO2e
A-11
ZERO AND LOW EMMISION CITY VEHICLES
LCT-11
Reductions
(MTCO2e)
-30 2030
Targets 50% improvement in fuel efficiency of City vehicles that use gasoline by 2030.
Methodology and
Assumptions
As vehicles are replaced, there will be opportunities to purchase/lease electric vehicles or improve vehicle fuel efficiency with similar models.
For City electric vehicles, we assume EVs are replacing vehicles with an average 22 MPG, and .32 kWh/mile and that the City continues to purchase 100% GHG-free electricity for municipal operations.
Sources City of Belvedere 2015 Greenhouse Gas Inventory for Government Operations Calculation
2030
City vehicle fleet tailpipe emissions, 2016 (gasoline) 60 MTCO2e Fuel efficiency improvement for fleet 50 %
Electricity for EVs 23,806 kWh
Electricity emissions 0 MTCO2e
Emissions reductions 30 MTCO2e
A-12
LOW CARBON FUELS FOR CITY VEHICLES
LCT-12
Reductions
(MTCO2e)
-3 2030
Targets 100% of diesel use is replaced with renewable diesel by 2030.
Methodology and
Assumptions
Emission factor for renewable diesel derived from data from Nexgen Fuel.
Sources City of Belvedere 2015 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory for Government Operations
http://www.nexgenfuel.com/fleets-commercial-use/
Calculation
2030
Diesel use, BAU 497 gallons
Renewable diesel percentage 100%
Emissions from diesel fuel 5 MTCO2e
Emissions from renewable diesel fuel 2 MTCO2e
Emissions reductions 3 MTCO2e
A-13
CITY EMPLOYEE COMMUTE
LCT-13
Reductions (MTCO2e)
-4 2030
Targets 5.6% reduction in employee commute VMT by 2030.
Methodology and
Assumptions
CAPCOA Measure TRT-1. VMT reduction is 5.4% for a suburban center location.
BAAQMD Transportation Fund for Clean Air guidance indicates a reduction of 0.2% of commute VMT for Guaranteed Ride Home Programs.
Sources California Air Pollution Control Officers Association, "Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures: A Resource for Local Government to Assess Emission Reductions from Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures," August 2010.
BAAQMD Transportation Fund for Clean Air Guidance FYE 2018.
Calculation
2020 2030
Employee commute VMT, BAU 191,309 VMT
Reduction in VMT 5.6%
VMT avoided 10,713 VMT
Emissions reduction 4 MTCO2e
A-14
RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION AND STORAGE
RE-1
Reductions
(MTCO2e)
-157 2030
Targets Solar energy installations continue to grow by an average of 108 KW DC each year through 2030.
Methodology and
Assumptions
According to Project Sunroof, 82% of Belvedere buildings have roofs that are solarviable. These 813 roofs have the capacity for 10.8 MW DC and could generate 14,800,000 kWh per year, which is more than the 10,121,000 kWh consumed in Belvedere in 2019. Project Sunroof estimates there are 92 existing solar installations in Belvedere.
By 2019, approximately 550 KW of solar capacity had been installed in Belvedere, producing an estimated 797,000 kWh of electricity. 86 KW was installed in 2020 and 108 KW had been installed in 2021.
The analysis assumes new distributed solar capacity will be added at annual rate of rate of 108 KW DC each year, similar to the amount installed in 2021.
Sources Project Sunroof, https://www.google.com/get/sunroof/dataexplorer/place/ChIJRf47R3CahYARV2ndbPAFwMk/, accessed January 28, 2022.
California Distributed Generation Statistics, "NEM Currently Interconnected Data Set," https://www.californiadgstats.ca.gov/downloads/, November 2021.
Calculation
2030
Solar capacity added 2019 within City limits 550 KW DC
Estimated solar capacity added each year 108 KW DC
Additional solar through 2030 1,279 KW DC
kWh generated by 1 KW solar energy system 1,450 kWh
Additional electricity produced by distributed PV 1,854,889 kWh GHG emissions reductions, inc. grid loss 157 MTCO2e
A-15
MCE ELECTRICITY
RE-2
Reductions
(MTCO2e)
-374 2030
Targets MCE Light Green electricity is 95% GHG-free by 2030 and MCE continues to provide a Deep Green 100% GHG-free alternative.
Methodology and
Assumptions
The MCE Operational Integrated Resource Plan 2021-2030 states that MCE Light Green electricity is projected to be 95% GHG-free by 2022 and beyond. We have conservatively estimated a future GHG emission factor by assuming the remainder will be system power using the current emission factor set by CARB of 967.6 lbs CO2/MWh (eGrid 2019).
72.3% of the community electricity load was supplied with MCE Light Green electricity in 2019 and 2.72% with Deep Green electricity. The analysis assumes same percentage of Deep Green and Light Green electricity as in 2019.
Sources MCE Operational Integrated Resource Plan 2021-2030 (October 5, 2020), p.21. https://www.mcecleanenergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/MCEOperational-Integrated-Resource-Plan_2021.pdf Personal communication, Justin Kudo, MCE Manager of Account Services, [email protected], July 14 and 15, 2016.
Calculation
2030
Electricity use, BAU 10,489,877 kWh
Electricity saved through State actions 197,973 kWh
Less electricity saved through energy efficiency and renewable energy actions 2,609,921 kWh Net electricity use 7,681,983 kWh
Projected MCE Light Green electricity use (72.31% of total) 5,554,989 kWh Projected MCE Deep Green electricity use (2.72% of total) 208,800 kWh Electricity emissions w/MCE BAU 496 MTCO2e
Electricity emissions w/MCE 122 MTCO2e
GHG emission reductions 374 MTCO2e
A-16
BUILDING AND APPLIANCE ELECTRIFICATION
RE-3.a
Reductions
(MTCO2e)
-19.5 2030
Targets 3 cooktops, 5 water heaters and 10 heating systems are replaced with electric versions by 2030 through a Building Decarbonization incentive program.
Methodology and
Assumptions
Potential number of appliance replacements is based on the County's Electrify Marin program which provides cash rebates for natural gas appliance swap-outs. During the first three years of the program (January 2019 - January 2022), the program has provided rebates for 39 stoves cooktops/ranges, 67 water heaters, and 141 heating systems. We assume 0.8% of the replacements will take place in Belvedere homes based on Belvedere's share of countywide households in 2019. With continued funding, outreach, and education, we assume a Building Decarbonization incentive program can produce these results on an annual basis. As of January 2022, no rebates had been issued to Belvedere residents.
Sources 2019 California Residential Appliance Saturation Study, Volume 2. https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/surveys/2019-residential-appliancesaturation-study Personal communication with Dana Armanino, County of Marin, January 31, 2022.
Calculation
2030
Estimated annual natural gas use for stoves and cooktops 25 therms Estimated annual natural gas use for water heaters 278 therms Estimated annual natural gas use for space heating and cooling 261 therms Estimated annual electricity use for stoves and cooktops 71 kWh Estimated annual electricity use for water heaters 1,794 kWh Estimated annual electricity use for space heating and cooling 1,589 kWh Number of cooktops/ranges replaced countywide, annually 39 units Number of units water heaters replaced countywide, annually 67 units Number of heating systems replaced countywide, annually 141 units % share of county-wide replacements 0.8%
Number of cooktops/ranges replaced 2.8 units
Number of units water heaters replaced 4.8 units
Number of heating systems replaced 10.2 units
Natural gas savings 4,061 therms
Electricity consumption 24,985 kWh
GHG emissions reduction 19.5
MTCO2
e
A-17
BUILDING AND APPLIANCE ELECTRIFICATION
RE-3.b
Targets 24% of residential water heaters, 19% of residential cooktops, and 12% of residential dryers are replaced
with high efficiency electric appliances.
Reductions (MTCO2e)
-312 2030
Methodology and Assumptions We assume the ordinance applies to water heaters, stoves, cooktops, and clothes dryers in January 2025. We assume the high end of average life expectancies for
these appliances. We further assume one-third of
potential water heater replacements will be deemed
infeasible due to interior location of the water heater.
Sources 2019 California Residential Appliance Saturation Study, Volume 2, Table 11 (single family for dryer) and Table 33 (single family for water heater, dryer, and range/oven). https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/surveys/2019-
residential-appliance-saturation-study
California Department of Finance, E-5 Population and
Housing Estimates for 2010-2020 with 2010 Census
Benchmark
Calculation
2030
Number of single-family homes in Belvedere in 2020 881 units Estimated annual natural gas use for stove or cooktop 25 therms Estimated annual electricity use for induction stove or cooktop 71 kWh % stoves and cooktops replaced 19%
Estimated annual natural gas use for water heater 278 therms Estimated annual electricity use for heat pump water heater 1,441 kWh % water heaters replaced 24%
Estimated natural gas use for clothes dryer 12 therms
Estimated electricity use for clothes dryer 552 kWh
% clothes dryers replaced 12%
Natural gas use eliminated 64,707 therms
Additional electricity use 376,877 kWh
GHG emissions reductions 312 MTCO2e
A-18
Action
Reductions (MTCO2e)
-237
Sources
Methodology and
Assumptions
We assume adoption of an ordinance in that bans natural gas use in new residential buildings beginning in 2023 and new non-residential buildings in 2026.
Replacing residential space heating systems in Climate Forecast Zone 2 that use natural gas with systems that use heat pumps and electricity reduces emissions by an average of approximately 91% (derived from CRASS). We assume the same emissions reduction for electrifying non-residential space heating systems.
An estimated 91% of new homes use natural gas for ranges and ovens and 48% use natural gas for dryers (CRASS, Table 34). We assume the ordinance reduces these numbers 100%.
We assume all new homes use natural gas for primary space heating and water heating. We assume the ordinance reduces these numbers by 100%. Electricity used to power these systems is regulated under Title 24, which requires solar energy to supply energy requirements.
BUILDING AND APPLIANCE ELECTRIFICATION
RE-3.c
Prohibit the use of natural gas end uses in new residential buildings in the City’s green building ordinance that aligns with the 2022 California Building Standards code update. Extend the same prohibition to new nonresidential buildings in the 2025 code cycle.
2030
We assume a total of 112 new housing units between 2023 and 2030. 2019 California Residential Appliance Saturation Study, Volume 2, Table 11 (single family for dryer and range/oven), Table 15 (Forecast Zone 2 for water heating), Table 18 (Forecast Zone 2 for heat pump space conditioning), Table 33 (single family for water heater, dryer, and range/oven), and Table 37 (Forecast Zone 2 for primary heat and hot water heating).
https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/surveys/2019-residential-appliancesaturation-study California Energy Commission, California Commercial End-Use Survey (March 2006), https://ww2.energy.ca.gov/2006publications/CEC-400-2006-005/CEC-400-2006- 005.PDF
California Air Pollution Control Officers Association, "Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures: A Resource for Local Government to Assess Emission Reductions from Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures," August 2010.
A-19
Calculation
Residential 2030
New housing units, 2023-2030 158 units
Estimated natural gas use for space heating, per housing unit 261 therms Estimated natural gas use for water heating, per housing unit 278 therms Natural gas reduced beyond Title 24 requirements for heating systems 37,051 therms Estimated annual natural gas use for range/oven 25 therms Estimated natural gas use for clothes dryer 12 therms
Total natural gas reduced for appliances 4,505 therms
Estimated electricity use for range/oven 404 kWh
Estimated electricity use for clothes dryer 552 kWh
Total electricity used for electrified appliances 99,951 kWh GHG emissions reductions 229 MTCO2e
Commercial 2030
Natural gas reduced beyond Title 24 requirements 1,468 therms GHG emissions reductions 7 MTCO2e
A-20
ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS
EE-1
Reductions
(MTCO2e)
-382 2030
Targets Natural gas consumption is reduced an average of 0.7% per year between 2020 and 2030.
Methodology and
Assumptions
We are forecasting an annual natural gas savings of 0.7% based on the following:
The National Action Plan for Energy Efficiency states among its key findings "consistently funded, well-designed programs are cutting annual savings for a given program year of 0.15 to 1 percent of energy sales." The American Council for an Energy-Efficiency Economy (ACEE) reports for states already operating substantial energy efficiency programs, energy efficiency goals of one percent, as a percentage of energy sales, is a reasonable level to target.
Natural gas consumption in Belvedere declined an average of 0.7% per year between 2005 and 2019. Although electricity use declined an average of 0.3% per year in Belvedere between 2005 and 2019, this was offset by solar production. Therefore, there were no net electricity consumption savings, and no electricity reductions are forecasted.
Sources National Action Plan for Energy Efficiency, July 2006, Section 6: Energy Efficiency Program Best Practices (pages 5-6).
Energy Efficiency Resource Standards: Experience and Recommendations, Steve Nadel, March 2006 ACEEE Report E063 (pages 28-30).
Calculation
2030
Community natural gas use, 2019 933,420 therms
Natural gas savings 71,873 therms
GHG emissions reductions 382 MTCO2e
A-21
ENERGY AUDITS
EE-C2
Reductions
(MTCO2e)
-16 2030
Targets 9 housing units implement energy efficiency projects between 2025 and 2030 due to ordinance requiring energy audits at time of sale.
Methodolog
y and
Assumption
s
Assumes program will be implemented in 2025 and program will require audits at time of sale but energy efficiency projects will be voluntary. Assumes 5% of audited housing units will implement energy efficiency upgrades based on findings from the City of Berkeley's Building Energy Saving Ordinance. Assume 31% Btu energy use reduction based on demonstrated Energy Upgrade California projects completed in Marin County between June 2010 and May 2012.
36 housing units sold annually, based on 2005-2020 average (Marin County Assessor).
Sources Marin County Assessor, http://www.marincounty.org/depts/ar/divisions/assessor/sales City of Berkeley, "Building Energy Savings Ordinance (BESO) Findings through Nov. 2016," December 7, 2016,
https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Planning_and_Development/Level_3_- _Energy_and_Sustainable_Development/Energy%20Commission%20Presentation%20Berkele y.pdf
Marin County Energy Watch Partnership, Dana Armanino, Sustainability Planner, County of Marin, [email protected]
Calculation
2030
Average household electricity use, 2019 9,037 kWh
Average household natural gas use, 2019 938 therms
Number of housing units sold annually 36 units
Number of housing units provided energy audits 180 units Percent of participating housing units 5%
Number of housing units implementing energy efficiency projects 9 units Electricity reduction 31%
Natural gas reduction 31%
Annual electricity savings 25,170 kWh
Natural gas savings 2,612 therms
Electricity emissions reduction, inc. grid loss 2 MTCO2e Natural gas emissions reduction 14 MTCO2e
Total GHG emissions reduction 16 MTCO2e
A-22
MUNICIPAL ENERGY CONSERVATION
EE-6
Reductions (MTCO2e)
-0.3 2030
Targets Reduce energy use in municipal buildings by 5%.
Methodology and Assumptions Energy management software is proven to reduce energy consumption by 10% through identifying inefficiencies within operations. A 5% reduction in energy use for miscellaneous behavioral changes by staff and mechanical operations and upgrading to Energy Star equipment were assumed.
There are no GHG savings attributed to electricity savings in this measure because the City was purchasing 100% renewable
electricity in 2018.
Sources Belvedere 2015 GHG Inventory for Government Operations Calculation
2030
Electricity consumption in municipal buildings 84,364 kWh Electricity emissions from municipal buildings 0 MTCO2e Natural gas emissions from municipal buildings 7 MTCO2e Percent reduction in energy use 5%
Reduction in electricity consumption 4,218 kWh
GHG emissions reductions 0.3 MTCO2e
A-23
WASTE DIVERSION MEASURES
WR-1 THROUGH 5
Reductions
(MTCO2e)
-345 2030
Targets A 75% reduction in organic waste from 2014 level by 2030 Methodology and
Assumptions
Passed in 2014, AB 1826 requires businesses to recycle their organic waste, depending on the amount of waste they generate per week. Organic waste means food waste, green waste, landscape and pruning waste, nonhazardous wood waste, and food-soiled paper waste that is mixed in with food waste. The law phases in mandatory recycling of commercial organics over time. In 2017, businesses that generate 4 cubic yards of organic waste per week were required to arrange for organic waste recycling services and divert all organic waste they produce. In 2019, the law extended to businesses that generate 4 cubic yards or more of commercial solid waste. The State law is intended to reduce statewide disposal of organic waste by 50% by 2020. If that target is not met, the law will be extended to cover businesses that generate 2 cubic yards or more of commercial solid waste.
Passed in 2016, SB 1383 establishes targets to achieve a 50% reduction in the level of the statewide disposal of organic waste from the 2014 level by 2020 and a 75% reduction by 2025. The law grants CalRecycle the regulatory authority required to achieve the organic waste disposal reduction targets and establishes an additional target that not less than 20% of currently disposed edible food is recovered for human consumption by 2025. In 2022, CalRecycle may begin to issue penalties for non-compliance. On January 1, 2024, the regulations may require local jurisdictions to impose penalties for noncompliance on regulated entities subject to their authority.
The State's Green Building Code (CALGreen) requires residential and non-residential development projects to recycle and/or salvage for reuse a minimum of 65% of the nonhazardous construction and demolition waste
Sources City of Belvedere 2019 Communitywide GHG Inventory Calculation
2030
Waste emissions less government operations, 2014 421.5 MTCO2e Reduction in waste emissions 75%
Targeted GHG emissions 105 MTCO2e
Waste emissions less government operations, 2019 451 MTCO2e GHG emissions reduction 345 MTCO2e
A-24
MUNICIPAL WASTE DIVERSION
WR-8
Reductions
(MTCO2e)
-14 2030
Targets A 75% reduction in organic waste from 2014 level by 2030 Methodology and
Assumptions
Passed in 2014, AB 1826 requires businesses to recycle their organic waste, depending on the amount of waste they generate per week. Organic waste means food waste, green waste, landscape and pruning waste, nonhazardous wood waste, and food-soiled paper waste that is mixed in with food waste. The law phases in mandatory recycling of commercial organics over time. In 2017, businesses that generate 4 cubic yards of organic waste per week were required to arrange for organic waste recycling services and divert all organic waste they produce. In 2019, the law extended to businesses that generate 4 cubic yards or more of commercial solid waste. The State law is intended to reduce statewide disposal of organic waste by 50% by 2020. If that target is not met, the law will be extended to cover businesses that generate 2 cubic yards or more of commercial solid waste.
Passed in 2016, SB 1383 establishes targets to achieve a 50% reduction in the level of the statewide disposal of organic waste from the 2014 level by 2020 and a 75% reduction by 2025. The law grants CalRecycle the regulatory authority required to achieve the organic waste disposal reduction targets and establishes an additional target that not less than 20% of currently disposed edible food is recovered for human consumption by 2025. In 2022, CalRecycle may begin to issue penalties for non-compliance. On January 1, 2024, the regulations may require local jurisdictions to impose penalties for noncompliance on regulated entities subject to their authority.
The State's Green Building Code (CALGreen) requires residential and non-residential development projects to recycle and/or salvage for reuse a minimum of 65% of the nonhazardous construction and demolition waste
Sources City of Belvedere 2015 Local Government Operations GHG Inventory Calculation
2030
Waste emissions, 2014 18.5 MTCO2e
Reduction in waste emissions 75%
Targeted GHG emissions 5 MTCO2e
Waste emissions, 2019 18 MTCO2e
GHG emissions reduction 14 MTCO2e
A-25
Reductions (MTCO2e)
0 2030
Targets
Methodology and
Assumptions
Sources
COMMUNITY WATER USE
WC-1
Water consumption in Belvedere fell 24% between 2005 and 2019, or approximately 1.7% per year. We conservatively assume water consumption will continue to fall an average of 1% per year based on the following legislation and water conservation programs:
-MMWD's regulations meet or exceed State law that requires single family homes and commercial and multi-family buildings to replace all non-compliant plumbing fixtures when remodeling and upon resale (resale requirement for commercial and multi-family buildings will be in effect on January 1, 2019).
1% annual water consumption reduction.
-MMWD began purchasing 100% renewable electricity in 2017 and Sonoma County Water agency, which provides approximately 25% of water, began purchasing 100% renewable electricity in 2015. We assume the water agencies will continue this practice.
Personal communication with Carrie Pollard, Sonoma Marin Water Saving Partnership Refining Estimates of Water-Related Energy Use in California, California Energy Commission, Dec. 2006
The Climate Registry for Sonoma County Water Agency emission factors -The California Energy Commission estimates that it takes 3,500 kWh of electricity per million gallons to convey, treat and distribute water from the water source to the customer in northern California.
-MMWD has adopted a Water Waste Ordinance and requires drinking water and linen washing upon request at restaurants and hotels.
-MMWD has adopted a landscape water conservation ordinance which applies to all new construction and rehabilitated landscape projects requiring a building permit, plan check, or design review. Irrigation controllers are required under CALGreen. -MMWD provides rebates for water-efficient toilets, clothes washers, hot water recirculation systems, turf replacement, pool covers, mulch, graywater systems, and rain barrels.
-MMWD provides residential and commercial building and landscape water audits and free-water saving devices (faucet aerators, showerheads, toilet leak test dye tablets, hose nozzles, etc.).
-MMWD provides residential and commercial building and landscape water audits and free-water saving devices (faucet aerators, showerheads, toilet leak test dye tablets, hose nozzles, etc.).
-New commercial and multi-family construction is required to meet CALGreen code.
MMWD requires all plumbing installed, replaced, or moved on any new or existing service to have high efficiency fixtures and meet minimum requirements. -MMWD requires applicants for new water service and applicants requesting an enlarged water service for substantial residential or commercial remodels to install a graywater recycling system to reuse the maximum practicable amount of graywater on site.
GHG reduction calculations are based upon the following:
-MMWD provides virtual water-friendly garden tours on its website. -MMWD conducts outreach and provides water conservation information to water users on its website.
A-26
Calculation
2030
Water consumption, BAU 85 MG
Annual water consumption reduction 1 %
Potential annual water savings 9 MG
GHG emissions reduction 0.3 MTCO2e
A-27
Program Description
Reductions (MTCO2e)
-699 2030
Methodology and
Assumptions
Sources
Passenger VMT BAU 11,592,967 VMT
8,658,324 VMT
Commercial VMT BAU 346,303 VMT
Emissions, BAU 3,457 MTCO2e
Emissions with regulations 2,759 MTCO2e
Reduction in emissions 699 MTCO2e
California Air Resources Board, EMFAC2021 v.1.0.1.
LIGHT AND HEAVY DUTY FLEET REGULATIONS
State Action
Transportation emissions estimated using EMFAC 2021.
Current federal and State regulations and standards will reduce transportation emissions from the light and heavy duty fleet. Regulations and policies covered in EMFAC 2021 are identIfied in the EMFAC 2021 Technical Document.
Calculation
2030
Passenger VMT, net reductions from other measures
California Air Resources Board, EMFAC2021 Volume III Technical Document v.1.0.1, April 2021. https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2021- 08/emfac2021_technical_documentation_april2021.pdf
A-28
State Action
Program Description
Reductions (MTCO2e)
-36 2030
Methodology and
Assumptions
10,489,877 kWh
197,973 kWh
2,411,948 kWh
1,519,647 kWh
447,981 kWh
101 MTCO2e
65 MTCO2e
GHG emission reductions 36 MTCO2e
Electricity use, BAU
Net electricity use (PG&E)
Electricity emissions, BAU
Electricity emissions w/RPS
Electricity saved through local actions
Net electricity use (DA)
Electricity saved through other State actions
2030
This State Action assumes PG&E and Direct Access entities will meet the Renewable Portfolio Standard requirements and that these entities will carry the same share of the community's electricity load as in 2019. GHG reductions related to MCE's GHG reduction policies are quantified separately as a local action.
Calculation
RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARD
For 2030, the CPUC has set electric sector GHG reductions at a level that represents a 50% reduction from 2015 levels. We therefore apply a 50% reduction the DA 2015 CO2 emission factor to forecast the 2030 emission factor. Since the PG&E 2019 emission factor was lower than the legislated threshold, we assume the 2019 emission factor for 2030. CH4 and N2O factors are kept constant at 2019 levels.
PG&E, "Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors: Guidance for PG&E Customers," November 2015,
https://www.pge.com/includes/docs/pdfs/shared/environment/calculator/pge_gh g_emission_factor_info_sheet.pdf
Established in 2002 in Senate Bill 1078, the Renewable Portfolio Standard program requires electricity providers to increase the portion of energy that comes from eligible renewable sources, including solar, wind, small hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass and biowaste, to 20 percent by 2010 and to 33 percent by 2020. Senate Bill 350, passed in September of 2015, increases the renewable requirement to 50 percent by the end of 2030. Senate Bill 100, passed in September 2018, accelerated the RPS standard to 60 percent by 2030 and zerocarbon by 2045.
California Public Utilities Code Section 454.52 requires each load-serving entity to procure at least 50 percent eligible renewable energy resources by 2030 and to meet the economywide reductions of 40% below 1990 levels by 2030.
Sources
California Public Utilities Commission "CPUC Adopts Groundbreaking Path to Reduce Greenhouse Gases in Electric Sector," Press Release Docket #: R.16-02-007, Feb. 8, 2018.
A-29
Program Description
Reductions (MTCO2e)
-228
Methodology
Sources
Estimated energy reductions for the 2019 building codes based on information provided by the California Energy Commission. CAPCOA Measure BE-1 used for estimating building energy savings. The analysis assumes all residential electricity use subject to Title 24 is offset by mandatory solar installation beginning with the 2019 building code.
California Air Pollution Control Officers Association, "Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures: A Resource for Local Government to Assess Emission Reductions from Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measures," August, 2010.
California Energy Commission, California Commercial End-Use Survey (March 2006), https://ww2.energy.ca.gov/2006publications/CEC-400-2006-005/CEC400-2006-005.PDF California Energy Commission,
https://ww2.energy.ca.gov/title24/2019standards/documents/2018_Title_24_2 019_Building_Standards_FAQ.pdf
2009 California Residential Appliance Saturation Study (CRASS), Volume 2. http://www.energy.ca.gov/2010publications/CEC-200-2010-004/CEC-200-2010- 004-V2.PDF
Personal communication with Rebecca Markwick, Senior Planner, City of Belvedere.
The 2022 Building Code increases establishes an energy budget based on efficient heat pumps or water heaters to encourage installation of heat pumps over gas-fueled HVAC units and requires homes to be electric-ready, with dedicated 240-volt outlets and space so electric appliances can eventually replace installed gas appliances. We assume the State Building Code will require net zero energy residential buildings beginning in 2026 and net zero energy non-residential beginning in 2029.
TITLE 24 ENERGY EFFICIENCY STANDARDS
State Action
Estimated residential energy use assumes homes use natural gas for primary space heating and water heating. The analysis assumes all new homes install central air conditioning and outdoor lighting. Only end uses covered by Title 24 are included in the analysis. Housing development projections provided by Belvedere staff. New units include teardown/rebuilds and major remodels that trigger an equivalent new construction requirement.
2030
The California Energy Commission (CEC) promotes energy efficiency and conservation by setting the State’s building efficiency standards. Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations consists of regulations that cover the structural, electrical, mechanical, and plumbing system of every building constructed or altered after 1978. The building energy efficiency standards are updated on an approximate three-year cycle, and each cycle imposes increasingly higher demands on energy efficiency and decarbonization.
A-30
Calculation
Energy Savings for 2019 Code
(assumed for development
2020-2022)
Projected average
reduction 2023-2030
from 2019 baseline
Reductions from Title 24 Upgrades Electricity
Savings
Natural
Gas
Savings
Electricity
Savings
Natural
Gas
Savings
Residential New Construction 100.00% 7% 100% 50%
Non-residential New Construction 30% 30% 50% 50%
Projected Residential Development with Title 24 Energy Reductions 2020-
2022 2023-2030
TOTAL
through
2030
GHG
Reductions
through
2030
New Residential (units) 2 158 160
Electricity Use BAU, subject to Title 24 1,902 1,427,892 1,429,794 Electricity Use Savings 1,902 99,952 101,854 9
Natural Gas Use BAU 938 74,102 75,040
Natural Gas Use Savings 66 37,051 37,117 197
Projected Non-Residential Development with Title 24 Energy Reductions 2020-
2022 2023-2030
TOTAL
through
2030
GHG
Reductions
through
2030
New/remodeled commercial sq. ft. 0 24,120 24,120
Electricity Use BAU, subject to Title 24 0 192,236 192,236 Electricity Use Savings 0 96,118 96,118 8
Natural Gas Use BAU 0 5,138 5,138
Natural Gas Use Savings 0 2,569 2,569 14
A-31
Reductions (MTCO2e)
-58 2030
Action
Methodology and
Assumptions
Sources
9,375 gallons
83 MTCO2e
70%
58 MTCO2e
Calculation
2030
Regulated SORE gasoline consumption subject to 2024 ban Emissions from regulated SORE, BAU
Reduction (7 years at 10% each year)
Emissions reductions
SMALL OFF-ROAD EQUIPMENT
State Action
Implementation of AB 1346
In October 2021, the state passed AB 1346, which states, “By July 1, 2022, the state board shall, consistent with federal law, adopt cost-effective and technologically feasible regulations to prohibit engine exhaust and evaporative emissions from new small off-road engines, as defined by the state board. Those regulations shall apply to engines produced on or after January 1, 2024.” In December 2021, CARB adopted small off-road engines (SORE) regulations that require most newly manufactured small off-road engines to be zero emission starting in 2024. Portable generators, including those in recreational vehicles, and large pressure washers will be required to meet more stringent standards in 2024 and meet zero-emission standards starting in 2028.
OFFROAD 2021 (v1.0.1)
SORE are spark-ignition engines rated at or below 19 kilowatts. Engines in this category are primarily used for lawn, garden, and other outdoor power equipment. Engines that use diesel fuel and engines that are used in stationary equipment, including standby generators, are not subject to the SORE regulations. Federal law also preempts states from regulating new engines which are used in construction equipment or vehicles or used in farm equipment or vehicles, and which are smaller than 175 horsepower.
For this action SORE subject to the 2024 ban includes lawn mowers, leaf blowers, trimmers, edgers, chainsaws <45 cc, riding mowers, and log splitters. This equipment consumed 1,171,773 gallons of gasoline in 2019 (OFFROAD 2021).
Similar to the off-road emissions inventory, we assume 0.8% of emissions are attributable to Belvedere based on its share of countywide households in 2019.
Generators and pressure washers are not included because they are not included in the City's GHG inventory. We assume an average lifespan of 10 years.
B-1
Appendix B: 2019 Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report for
Communitywide Emissions
CITY OF BELVEDERE
COMMUNITY GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
INVENTORY FOR THE YEAR 2019
January 2022
Prepared by the
Marin Climate & Energy Partnership
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1
INTRODUCTION 2
PURPOSE OF INVENTORY 2
GENERAL METHODOLOGY 2
COMMUNITY INVENTORY 4
COMMUNITY INVENTORY SUMMARY 4
PER CAPITA EMISSIONS 6
MAJOR SOURCES OF EMISSIONS 7
BUILT ENVIRONMENT - ELECTRICITY 7
BULT ENVIRONMENT - NATURAL GAS 8
TRANSPORTATION 9
WASTE DISPOSAL 9
WATER USE 10
APPENDIX A-1
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory 1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Belvedere publishes annual community greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions estimates through the Marin Climate & Energy Partnership (MCEP). Annual inventories help the City to more closely monitor its progress in meeting its goal to reduce community emissions. The City also publishes GHG emissions inventories for municipal operations approximately every five years.
Municipal emissions accounted for approximately 1% of community emissions when the municipal inventory was last conducted for year 2015.
This report reviews emissions generated from the community from 2005 through 2019, the most recent year data is available. The inventory shows that the Belvedere community has reduced emissions 26% since 2005. Emissions dropped from about 14,855 metric tons carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2e) in 2005 to 10,935 MTCO2e in 2019.
The community emissions trend and targets are shown below. Belvedere has met its goal to reduce emissions 15% below 2005 levels by 2020. The community needs to reduce emissions another 3,360 MTCO2e to meet the statewide target for 2030, which is 40% below 1990 levels, and another 8,410 MTCO2e to meet the statewide target for 2050, which is 80% below 1990 levels.
FIGURE 1: BELVEDERE GHG EMISSIONS AND TARGETS
Recognizing the need for a collaborative approach to greenhouse gas reductions, city, town, and county leaders launched the Marin Climate and Energy Partnership (MCEP) in 2007. The City of Belvedere is a member of MCEP and works with representatives from the County of Marin and the other Marin cities and townsto address and streamline the implementation of a variety of greenhouse gas reduction measures. Funding for this inventory was provided by the Marin County Energy Watch Partnership, which administers public goods charges collected by PG&E. Community inventories are available on the MCEP website at marinclimate.org and are used to update the Marin Sustainability Tracker.
0 2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
1990
(est.)
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 MTCO2e
2020 Goal
2030 Goal
2050 Goal
THE TAKEAWAY:
COMMUNITY EMISSIONS ARE
DOWN 26% SINCE 2005
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory 2
INTRODUCTION
PURPOSE OF INVENTORY
The objective of this greenhouse gas emissions inventory is to identify the sources and quantify the amounts of greenhouse gas emissions generated by the activities of the Belvedere community in 2019. This inventory provides a comparison to 2005 and estimated 1990 emissions and identifies the sectors where significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions have occurred. In some instances, previous year emissions were updated with new data and/or recalculated to ensure the same methodology was employed for all inventory years.
GENERAL METHODOLOGY
This inventory uses the national standard for the accounting and reporting of community-wide greenhouse gas emissions, the U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, version 1.2 (July 2019). Quantification methodologies, emission factors, and activity and source data are detailed in the appendix.
Community emissions are categorized according to seven sectors:
Built Environment - Electricity
Built Environment – Natural Gas
Transportation
Off-Road Vehicles and Equipment
Waste
Water
Wastewater
CALCULATING EMISSIONS
Emissions are quantified by multiplying the measurable activity data – e.g., kilowatt hours of electricity, therms of natural gas, gallons of diesel or gasoline, etc. – by emissions factors specific to the greenhouse gas-generating source.
Most emissions factors are the same from year to year. Emission factors for electricity, however, change from year to year due to the specific sources that are used to produce electricity. For example, electricity that is produced from coal generates more greenhouse gases than electricity that is generated from natural gas and therefore has a higher emissions factor. Electricity that is produced solely from renewable energy sources such as solar and wind has an emissions factor of zero.
This inventory calculates individual greenhouse gases – i.e., carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide – and converts each greenhouse gas emission to a standard metric, known as “carbon dioxide equivalents” or CO2e, to provide an apple-to-apples comparison among the various emissions. Table 1 shows the greenhouse gases identified in this inventory and their global warming potential (GWP), a measure of the amount of warming each gas causes when compared to a similar amount of carbon dioxide over 100 years. Methane, for example, is 28 times as potent as carbon dioxide over 100 years; therefore, one metric ton of methane is equivalent to 28 metric tons of carbon dioxide. Greenhouse gas emissions are reported in this inventory as metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents, or MTCO2e.
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory 3
TABLE 1: GREENHOUSE GASES
Gas Chemical
Formula Emission Source Global Warming Potential
Carbon Dioxide CO2
Combustion of natural gas, gasoline,
diesel, and other fuels 1
Methane CH4
Combustion, anaerobic decomposition
of organic waste in landfills and
wastewater
28 Nitrous Oxide N2O Combustion, wastewater treatment 265 Source: IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (2014), 100-year values
TYPES OF EMISSIONS
Emissions from each of the greenhouse gases can come in a number of forms:
Stationary or mobile combustion resulting from the on-site combustion of fuels (natural gas, diesel, gasoline, etc.) to generate heat or electricity, or to power vehicles and equipment. Purchased electricity resulting from the generation of power from utilities outside the jurisdictional boundary.
Fugitive emissions resulting from the unintentional release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, such as methane from waste decomposition.
Process emissions from physical or chemical processing of a material, such as wastewater treatment.
UNDERSTANDING TOTALS
The totals listed in the tables and discussed in the report are a summation of emissions using available estimation methods. Each inventoried sector may have additional emissions sources associated with them that were unaccounted for due to a lack of data or robust quantification methods. For example, greenhouse gas emissions associated with air travel and the production of goods outside the community’s boundary are not included in the inventory. Additionally, the community inventory does not include refrigerants released into the atmosphere from the use of air conditioning in cars and buildings.
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory 4
COMMUNITY INVENTORY
COMMUNITY INVENTORY SUMMARY
In 2005, the activities taking place by the Belvedere community resulted in approximately 14,855 metric tons of CO2e. 1 In 2019, those activities resulted in approximately 10,935 metric tons of CO2e, a reduction of 26% from 2005 levels, which is equivalent to 13% below 1990 levels.
The community inventory tracks emissions in seven sectors:
• The Built Environment – Electricity sector represents emissions generated from the use of electricity in Belvedere homes and commercial and governmental buildings and facilities 2 .
• The Built Environment – Natural Gas sector represents emissions generated from the use of natural gas in Belvedere homes and commercial, industrial, and governmental buildings and facilities. Propane used as a primary heating source is also included, although it represents less than 1% of emissions in this sector. • The Transportation sector includes tailpipe emissions from passenger vehicle trips originating and ending in Belvedere, as well as a share of tailpipe emissions generated by medium and heavy-duty vehicles travelling on Marin County roads. The sector also includes emissions from Marin Transit buses as these vehicles travel within Belvedere’s boundaries. Electricity used to power electric vehicles is embedded in electricity consumption reported in the Built Environment - Electricity sector. • The Waste sector represents fugitive methane emissions that are generated over time as organic material decomposes in the landfill. Although most methane is captured or flared off at the landfill, approximately 25% escapes into the atmosphere.
• The Off-Road sector represents emissions from the combustion of gasoline and diesel fuel from the operation of off-road vehicles and equipment used for construction and landscape maintenance. • The Water sector represents emissions from energy used to pump, treat, and convey potable water from the water source to Belvedere water users.
• The Wastewater sector represents stationary, process and fugitive greenhouse gases that are created during the treatment of wastewater generated by the community as well as emissions created from electricity used to convey and treat wastewater.
1 Baseline and historical emissions are recalculated in the annual inventory to integrate new data and improved calculation methodologies and to ensure consistent comparison across each year. For this reason, emission levels may differ from levels reported in previous inventories. 2 Previous inventories categorized emissions from electricity, natural gas, and propane in the built environment according to the Residential and Non-Residential sectors. Beginning with this inventory, we are categorizing emissions in the built environment as Electricity and Natural Gas in order to align and better track with the Climate Action Plan’s goals to electrify the built environment.
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory 5
Figure 2 shows the relative contribution of emissions from these sectors in 2019. The use of natural gas and propane in the Built Environment represent the largest share of communitywide emissions (46%), while the Transportation sector accounts for 41% of emissions.
FIGURE 2: EMISSIONS BY SECTOR, 2019
Table 2 shows how emissions in each sector have changed since 2005. The greatest reductions have occurred in the Built Environment – Electricity sector (1,696 MTCO2e), followed by the Transportation sector (1,226 MTCO2e) and the Built Environment – Natural Gas sector (572 MTCO2e). The likely reasons for the largest emissions decreases are described in the remainder of this report.
Built Environment -
Electricity
7%
Waste
4%
Transportation
41%
Water & Wastewater
<1%
Off-Road
1%
Built
Environment -
Natural Gas
46%
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory 6
TABLE 2: EMISSIONS SUMMARY BY SECTOR (MTCO2E), 2005 THROUGH 2019 Year
Built Environment - ElectricityBuilt Environment– Natural Gas TransportationWasteOff-RoadWaterWastewaterTotal
% Change
from 2005
1990 (est.)1 12,627
2005 2,512 5,559 5,707 699 212 87 79 14,855
2006 2,388 5,787 5,877 689 220 76 77 15,114 2%
2007 3,204 5,440 5,922 617 259 101 89 15,631 5%
2008 3,235 5,450 5,792 512 212 93 90 15,383 4%
2009 3,033 5,425 5,509 440 178 93 83 14,762 -1%
2010 2,133 5,518 5,315 430 159 53 73 13,681 -8%
2011 1,975 5,573 5,186 420 154 38 70 13,416 -10%
2012 2,083 5,204 5,178 435 151 40 75 13,167 -11%
2013 2,012 5,161 5,095 441 148 47 77 12,981 -13%
2014 1,830 4,412 4,877 440 147 42 72 11,821 -20%
2015 1,776 4,614 5,068 461 145 33 71 12,168 -18%
2016 1,449 4,839 4,657 536 143 24 63 11,711 -21%
2017 649 4,824 4,630 559 140 7 59 10,868 -27%
2018 701 4,883 4,543 494 136 3 59 10,817 -27%
2019 817 4,987 4,480 469 131 3 48 10,935 -26%
Change
from 2005 -1,696 -572 -1,226 -230 -80 -84 -31 -3,920
% Change
from 2005 -68% -10% -21% -33% -38% -97% -39% -26%
1 Per California Air Resources Board guidance, 1990 levels are estimated at 15% below 2005 levels.
PER CAPITA EMISSIONS
Per capita emissions can be a useful metric for measuring progress in reducing greenhouse gases and for comparing one community’s emissions with neighboring cities and against regional and national averages. That said, due to differences in emission inventory methods, it can be difficult to produce directly comparable per capita emissions numbers. Per capita emission rates may be compared among Marin jurisdictions, although some jurisdictions may have higher rates due to the presence of commercial and industrial uses.
Dividing the total communitywide GHG emissions by residents yields a result of 7.2 metric tons CO2e per capita in 2005. Per capita emissions decreased 30% between 2005 and 2019, falling to 5.2 metric tons per person. Figure 3 shows the trend in per capita emissions over time. It is important to understand that this number is not the same as the carbon footprint of the average individual living in Belvedere, which would include lifecycle emissions, emissions resulting from air travel, etc.
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory 7
FIGURE 3: EMISSIONS PER CAPITA
MAJOR SOURCES OF EMISSIONS
The following sections provide a year-by-year analysis of the changes in source GHG emissions in the Built Environment, Transportation, Waste and Water sectors. Whenever possible, each section discusses the change in emissions from previous years and the likely influence of state and local programs or policies and external factors on reducing emissions.
BUILT ENVIRONMENT - ELECTRICITY
Electricity use in homes and businesses in Belvedere decreased about 5% between 2005 and 2019. Greenhouse gas emissions from electricity consumption decreased 68% since 2005, as shown in Figure 3. This is primarily due to the lower carbon intensity of electricity. PG&E has been steadily increasing the amount of renewable energy in its electricity mix. In 2019, PG&E electricity came from a mix of renewable (29%), large hydroelectric (27%), and nuclear (44%) energy sources and was virtually GHG-free. 3 The carbon intensity of MCE Light Green electricity was more carbon intensive in 2019 than the previous two years but was still below the 10-year average. In 2019, about 3.6% of MCE electricity purchased by Belvedere customers was 100% renewable Deep Green electricity, including electricty purchased by the City government.
3 PG&E, 2019 Power Mix, https://www.pge.com/pge_global/common/pdfs/your-account/your-bill/understandyour-bill/bill-inserts/2020/1220-PowerContent-ADA.pdf
7.2 7.4 7.6 7.5 7.2
6.6 6.5 6.3 6.1
5.6 5.7 5.5 5.1 5.1 5.2
0.0 1.0
2.0 3.0
4.0 5.0
6.0 7.0
8.0 9.0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 MTCO2e Per Persoon
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory 8
BUILT ENVIRONMENT - NATURAL GAS
Natural gas is used in residential and commercial buildingsto provide space and water heating and power appliances.
Use of natural gas is highly variable depending on the weather conditions. This variability has led natural gas use consumption in Belvedere to fluctuate from year to year, from a high of 1.04 million therms in 2011 to a low of 0.83 million therms in 2014. Estimated natural gas consumption rose 2% between 2018 and 2019 and was 10% below the 2005 level.
FIGURE 5: NATURAL GAS USE AND EMISSIONS
Reduction in energy use may be attributed to energy efficiency programs and rebates, local green building ordinances, and State building codes. California’s goal is to require all new residential and commercial buildings to be zero net energy by 2030.
0 1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
0 200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
MTCO2e
Therms
Natural Gas Use Natural Gas Emissions
FIGURE 4: ELECTRICITY USE AND EMISSIONS
0 500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
0 2,000,000
4,000,000
6,000,000
8,000,000
10,000,000
12,000,000
MTCO2e
kWh
Electricity Use Electricity Emissions
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory 9
TRANSPORTATION
Transportation activities accounted for approximately 41% of Belvedere’s emissions in 2019. Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) have decreased approximately 5% since 2005, and transportation emissions have decreased even more – by 21% – due to more fuel-efficient and alternatively fueled cars (Figure 6). As shown in Figure 7, most transportation emissions come from passenger vehicles, accounting for 91% of transportation emissions in 2019. Marin County continues to be a leader in zero emission vehicles (ZEVs) – second only to Santa Clara County – with 8,600 ZEVs in Marin at the end of 2019, or about 4% of registered automobiles. ZEVs include battery electric cars, plug-in hybrid electric cars, hydrogen fuel cell cars, and zero-emission motorcycles. Belvedere had over 140 ZEVs by the end of 2019, approximately one for every six households.
While it is difficult to pinpoint exactly how each land use and transportation policy affects emissions, the City has undertaken efforts to reduce transportation emissions. The City encourages workforce housing and has made it easier for residents to use carbon-free modes of transportation, such as bicycling and walking, through improvements to the transportation network. The City has also encouraged electric vehicle adoption by installing chargers at City Hall.
FIGURE 6: TRANSPORTATION VMT AND EMISSIONS
-500
500
1,500
2,500
3,500
4,500
5,500
6,500
0 2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
MTCO2e
VMT (Thousands)
VMT Transportation Emissions
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory 10
FIGURE 7: TRANSPORTATION EMISSIONS BY VEHICLE TYPE
WASTE DISPOSAL
Waste generated by the community hit a low in 2011 but has since increased as shown in Figure 8 (based on countywide disposal data). Total landfilled waste (including alternative daily cover) 4 decreased 6% between 2018 and 2019 and was 10% below the 2005 baseline. Emissions from waste disposal decreased 33% due to the lower organic content of material used for alternative daily cover.
FIGURE 8: DISPOSED WASTE AND EMISSIONS
4 Alternative daily cover is cover material other than earthen material placed on the surface of the active face of a municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each operating day to control vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and scavenging. 0 1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Passenger Comercial Buses
0 100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
MTCO2e
Tons
Waste (tons) Wate Emissions
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory 11
WATER USE
District-wide, per capita water use declined 25% since 2005. Emissions, which are based on an estimate of energy used to pump, treat, and convey water from the water source to the City limits, dropped 97% between 2005 and 2019. The reduction is primarily due to the lower carbon intensity of electricity. The Marin Municipal Water District (MMWD) began purchasing MCE Deep Green electricity in mid-2017. The Sonoma County Water Agency (SCWA), which supplies approximately 24% of MMWD’s water in 2019, uses renewable and carbon-free sources for its electricity needs; a small amount of emissions comes from stationary and mobile combustion of fuels used in SCWA’s operations.
FIGURE 9: WATER CONSUMPTION AND EMISSIONS
FIGURE 10: PER CAPITA WATER USE
MMWD provides rebates and programs to reduce water use. Rebates are available to replace fixtures with highefficiency clothes washers and to purchase cisterns and rain barrels. MMWD provides free home and landscape water-use evaluations as well as free high-efficiency showerheads and faucet aerators. 0 20
40 60
80 100
120
0 20
40 60
80 100
120
MTCO2e
Million Gallons
Water use MG Water Emissions
142 144 145 146
132 126 124 130
139
117 112
101 106 110 107
0 20
40 60
80 100
120
140
160
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Gallons per Capita per Day
Source: Marin Municipal Water District
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Appendix A-1 APPENDIX: COMMUNITY INVENTORY
Community GHG Emissions Summary Table
Jurisdiction: City of Belvedere Inventory Year: 2019
Population: 2,092 (CA Department of Finance, May 2021) Date Prepared: January 18, 2022 Number of Households: 919 (CA Department of Finance, May 2021) Reporting Framework: Communitywide Activities ID
Emissions Type
Source
or
Activity
Included,
Required
Activities
Included,
Optional
Activities
Excluded
(IE, NA,
NO or NE) Notes
Emissions
(MTCO2e)
1.0 Built Environment
1.1 Use of fuel in residential and commercial stationary combustion equipment Both ● 4,987
1.2 Industrial stationary sources Source NE
1.3 Power generation in the community Source NO
1.4 Use of electricity in the community Activity ● Includes transmission and distribution losses 817
1.5 District heating/cooling facilities in the community Source NE
1.6 Use of district heating/cooling facilities in the community Activity NE
1.7 Industrial process emissions in the community Source NO
1.8 Refrigerant leakage in the community Source NE
2.0 Transportation and Other Mobile Sources
2.1 On-road passenger vehicles operating within the community boundary Source IE Obtained data for preferred activitybased method instead
2.2 On-road passenger vehicles associated with community land uses Activity ● 4,062
2.3 On-road freight and service vehicles operating within the community boundary Source IE Obtained data for preferred activitybased method instead
2.4 On-road freight and service vehicles associated with community land uses Activity ● 413
2.5 On-road transit vehicles associated with community land uses Activity ● 6
2.6 Transit rail vehicles operating with the community boundary Source NO
2.7 Use of transit rail travel by the community Activity NE Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Appendix A-2
2.8 Inter-city passenger rail vehicles operating within the community boundary Source NO
2.9 Freight rail vehicles operating within the community boundary Source NO
2.10 Marine vessels operating within the community boundary Source NE
2.11 Use of ferries by the community Activity NE
2.12 Off-road surface vehicles and other mobile equipment operating within the community boundary Source ● 131
2.13 Use of air travel by the community Activity NE
3.0 Solid Waste
3.1 Operation of solid waste disposal facilities in the community Source NE
3.2 Generation and disposal of solid waste by the community Activity ● Includes alternative daily cover 469
4.0 Water and Wastewater
4.1 Operation of water delivery facilities in the community Source IE Energy use is included in 1.1 and 1.4
4.2 Use of energy associated with use of potable water by the community Activity ● 3
4.3 Use of energy associated with generation of wastewater by the community Activity ● 0
4.4 Process emissions from operation of wastewater treatment facilities located in the community Source NO
4.5 Process emissions associated with generation of wastewater by the community Activity ● 48
4.6 Use of septic systems in the community Source NE
5.0 Agriculture
5.1 Domesticated animal production Source NE
5.2 Manure decomposition and treatment Source NE
6.0 Upstream Impacts of Communitywide Activities
6.1 Upstream impacts of fuels used in stationary applications by the community Activity NE
6.2 Upstream and transmission and distribution (T&D) impacts of purchased electricity used by the community Activity IE Transmission and distribution losses included in 1.4
6.3 Upstream impacts of fuels used by water and wastewater facilities for water used and wastewater generated within the community boundary
Activity IE
6.4 Upstream impacts of select materials (concrete, food, paper, carpets, etc.) sued by the whole community. Activity NE Legend
IE – Included Elsewhere: Emissions for this activity are estimated and presented in another category of the inventory. The category where these emissions are included should be noted in the explanation.
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Appendix A-3 NE – Not Estimated: Emissions occur but have not been estimate or reported (e.g., data unavailable, effort required not justifiable).
NA – Not Applicable: The activity occurs but does not cause emissions; explanation should be provided.
NO – Not Occurring: The source or activity does not occur or exist within the community.
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Appendix A-4 Community Emissions Data Sources and Calculation Methodologies Sector/ID Emissions Source Source and/or Activity Data Emission Factor and Methodology
1.0 Built Environment
1.1 Stationary
Combustion
Stationary Combustion
(CO2, CH4 & N2O)
Known fuel use (meter readings by PG&E) and estimated fuel use (American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, and U.S.
Energy Information Administration Household Site Fuel
Consumption data).
Default CO2, CH4 & N2O emission factors by fuel type (U.S.
Community Protocol v. 1.1 Tables B.1 and B.3). U.S. Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix C, Method BE.1.1 and BE.1.2.
1.4 Electricity Use
Electricity Use (CO2, CH4 &
N2O)
Known electricity use (meter readings by PG&E and MCE) and estimated direct access electricity consumption.
Verified utility-specific emission factors (PG&E and MCE) and eGrid subregion default emission factors. U.S. Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix C, Method BE.2.1.
Electric Power
Transmission and
Distribution Losses
(CO2, CH4 & N2O)
Estimated electricity grid loss for Western region from eGrid. U.S. Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix C, Method BE.4.1.
2.0 Transportation and Other Mobile Sources
2.2 On-Road
Passenger
Vehicle
Operation
On-Road Mobile
Combustion (CO2)
Estimated passenger vehicle miles traveled associated with origin and destination land uses (Metropolitan Transportation Commission, http://capvmt.us-west2.elasticbeanstalk.com/data).
CO2 for on-road passenger vehicles quantified in the
EMFAC2021 v.1.0.1 model. Passenger vehicle emissions
calculated according to U.S. Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix D, Method TR.1.A.
On-Road Mobile
Combustion
(CH4 & N2O)
Estimated vehicle miles traveled associated with origin and destination land uses (Metropolitan Transportation
Commission, http://capvmt.us-west2.elasticbeanstalk.com/data).
CH4 and N2O for on-road passenger vehicles quantified in the EMFAC2017 model and adjusted for IPCC AR5 100-year values.
Passenger vehicle emissions calculated according to U.S.
Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix D, Method TR.1.A.
2.4 On-Road
Freight and
Service Truck
Freight
Operation
On-Road Mobile
Combustion (CO2)
Estimated commercial vehicle miles traveled within the
boundary (Metropolitan Transportation Commission utilizing the 2017 Regional Transportation Plan).
CO2 for on-road commercial vehicles quantified in the
EMFAC2021 v.1.0.1 model. Emissions allocated utilizing LEHD data according to U.S. Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix D, Method TR.2.A.
On-Road Mobile
Combustion
(CH4 & N2O)
Estimated commercial vehicle miles traveled within the
boundary (Metropolitan Transportation Commission utilizing Plan Bay Area 2040 and the 2017 Regional Transportation Plan).
CH4 and N2O for on-road commercial vehicles quantified in the EMFAC2017 model and adjusted for IPCC AR5 100-year values.
Emissions allocated utilizing LEHD data according to U.S.
Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix D, Method TR.2.A.
2.5 On-Road
Transit
Operation
On-Road Mobile
Combustion (CO2)
Estimated vehicle miles traveled within the boundary (Marin Transit and Golden Gate Transit) and estimated diesel fuel efficiency for transit fleet (Golden Gate Transit). Fuel type provided by Marin Transit and Golden Gate Transit.
Renewable diesel emission factor provided by NEXGEN. U.S.
Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix D, Method TR.4.A.
On-Road Mobile
Combustion
(CH4 & N2O)
Estimated vehicle miles traveled within the boundary (Marin Transit and Golden Gate Transit) and estimated diesel fuel Renewable diesel emission factor provided by NEXGEN. U.S.
Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix D, Method TR.4.B.
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Appendix A-5 efficiency for transit fleet (Golden Gate Transit). Fuel type provided by Marin Transit and Golden Gate Transit.
2.12 Off-Road
Vehicles and
Equipment
Off-Road Mobile
Combustion (CO2)
Estimated fuel use from OFFROAD 2021 v.1.0.1 for Lawn and Garden and Construction categories. All categories are
allocated by share of countywide households.
CO2 emissions calculated according U.S. Community Protocol v.
1.1, Appendix D, Method TR.8. Emission factors provided in Table TR.1.6.
Off-Road Mobile
Combustion
(CH4 & N2O)
Estimated fuel use from OFFROAD 2021 v.1.0.1 for Lawn and Garden and from OFFROAD2017 for Construction equipment.
All categories are allocated by share of countywide
households.
CH4 and N2O emissions calculated according to U.S. Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix D, Method TR.8. Emission factors provided in the Local Government Operations Protocol Table G.11 and G.14.
3.0 Solid Waste
3.2 Solid Waste
Generation
and Disposal
Fugitive Emissions from
Landfilled Waste (CH4)
Estimated landfilled tons based on reporting to CalRecycle by Marin County Solid and Hazardous Waste JPA and allocated to jurisdiction based on share of countywide population. Waste characterization based on the Statewide Waste
Characterization Study (2008, 2014 and 2018) and Alternative Daily Cover by Jurisdiction of Origin and Material Type as reported to CalRecycle.
Emission factors calculated utilizing U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Report of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Version
1.1, July 2013, Appendix E, Method SW.4.
4.0 Water and Wastewater
4.2 Water Supply
&
Conveyance,
Treatment
and
Distribution
Electricity Use (CO2) Water consumption (district-wide gpcd) and electricity usage provided by Marin Municipal Water District (MMWD). Sonoma County Water Agency (SCWA) water delivery amount provided by SCWA.
Verified utility-specific emission factors (PG&E, MCE and SCWA).
Emissions calculated according to U.S. Community Protocol v.
1.1, Appendix F, Method WW.14.
Electricity Use
(CH4 & N2O)
Water consumption (district-wide gpcd) and electricity usage provided by Marin Municipal Water District (MMWD).
eGrid subregion default emission factors. Emissions calculated according to U.S. Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix F, Method WW.14.
4.5 Treatment of
Wastewater
Stationary Emissions from
Combustion of Digester
Gas
(CH4)
Estimated service population and percent of methane in
digester gas provided by Sanitary District No. 5.
Sanitary District No.5 emissions calculated according to U.S.
Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix F, Method WW.1.(alt).
Stationary Emissions from
Combustion of Digester
Gas
(N2O)
Estimated service population and percent of methane in
digester gas provided by Sanitary District No. 5.
Sanitary District No.5 emissions calculated according to U.S.
Community Protocol v. 1.1, Appendix F, Method WW.2.(alt).
Process Emissions from
Wastewater Treatment
Plant with Nitrification or
Denitrification
Estimated population served by wastewater treatment plant provided by Sanitary District No. 5.
Emissions calculated according to U.S. Community Protocol v.
1.1, Appendix F, Method WW.7.
Belvedere Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Appendix A-6 Fugitive Emissions from
Effluent Discharge
(N2O)
Estimated population served by wastewater treatment plant provided by Sanitary District No.5. Assumed significant industrial or commercial input.
Emissions calculated according to U.S. Community Protocol v.
1.1, Appendix F, Method WW.12(alt).