AGENDA REPORT
Meeting Date: June 14, 2022
Item Number:
To: Honorable Mayor & City Council
From: Robert Welch, P.E., Utilities General Manager
Jason W. Dyogi, Water Quality Specialist
Subject: PUBLIC HEARING OF THE 2022 DRINKING WATER PUBLIC
HEALTH GOALS REPORT
Attachments: 1. City of Beverly Hills Public Health Goals Report, April 2022
2. Published Notice, Beverly Hills Courier
RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that City Council move to accept the City of Beverly Hills’ Water Quality Report relative to the 2022 Public Health Goals Report pursuant to the requirements of the State Health and Safety Code.
INTRODUCTION
The California Health and Safety Code §116470 requires public water systems serving more than 10,000 customers to prepare a report every three years including information on the detection of any elements in the water at levels above Public Health Goals (PHGs) or Maximum Contaminant Level Goals (MCLGs). PHGs are adopted by the California State Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). Similarly, MCLGs are set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The City’s drinking water meets all the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) and the USEPA’s drinking water standards set to protect public health. A public hearing is required to accept and receive public comments on the report.
Staff has prepared the attached report entitled, “City of Beverly Hills Public Health Goals Report,” to provide information regarding the quality of its drinking water supply relative to adopted PHGs and MCLGs.
BEVERLY
HILLS
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Meeting Date: June 14, 2022
DISCUSSION
The California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) and the USEPA are responsible for setting drinking water regulations and standards. Drinking water goals include PHGs and MCLGs. PHGs are water quality goals set by OEHHA and are recommended target levels. PHGs are not required to be met by any public water systems. MCLGs are set by USEPA and are levels of contaminants in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to public health. MCLGs are not enforceable drinking water standards.
Drinking water standards are also referenced as Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs).
MCLs are the highest level of a contaminant allowed in drinking water. They are set as close to MCLGs and PHGs as are economically and technically feasible. MCLs are enforceable water quality standards that public water systems must meet. Beverly Hills’ drinking water supply complies with all Federal and State drinking water standards.
PHGs and MCLGs are not water quality standards. They are goals identifying extremely small risks. The cost estimates presented in the report for treatment to PHG or MCLG levels include industrial, system-wide approaches to water treatment, which are not necessarily feasible nor available for use in individual homes. These risks are normally assessed where one person in one million would be at risk to a contaminant, based on risk assessments made using assumptions and theoretical extrapolations.
The attached document entitled “City of Beverly Hills Public Health Goals Report” has been prepared pursuant to the requirements of the State Health and Safety Code. The report was based upon water quality data sampled from the City’s imported supplies (MWD) and distribution system taken in 2019, 2020, and 2021. The water quality of the City of Beverly Hills’ water system complies with all of the health-based drinking water standards established by the SWRCB and USEPA. Substances in the City’s water supply are below the applicable Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) required by these regulatory agencies. The report is available for public review online at http://www.beverlyhills.org/departments/publicworks/utilities/waterservices/publichealthg oalreports/?NFR=1 and copies will be available at the Beverly Hills Public Library.
Contaminants Detected that Exceed a PHG or a MCLG
Table 1 below presents contaminants that were detected in the City of Beverly Hills’ imported water supplies provided by Metropolitan Water District of Southern California.
These contaminants were detected above the PHG or MCLG during the monitoring years of 2019, 2020 and 2021. The City’s drinking water meets all the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) and the USEPA’s drinking water standards set to protect public health.
Meeting Date: June 14, 2022
Table 1
pCi/L = picoCuries per Liter
ppb = parts per billion
ppm = parts per million
ppt = parts per trillion
DLR = Detection Limit
MCL = Maximum Contaminant Level
MCLG = Maximum Contaminant Level Goal
PHG = public health goal
NA = not applicable
ND= not detected
Community Engagement
On May 12, 2022, the Public Works Commission approved an action recommending City Council approve the City of Beverly Hills 2022 Public Health Goals Report. Notice of the Public Hearing at the City Council Meeting was published in the Beverly Hills Courier on June 3
rd and the Beverly Hills Weekly on June 2nd
. In addition to developing this
Triannual Water Quality Public Health Goals Report, the City also provides an Annual Water Quality Report known as the Consumer Confidence Report for each calendar year. A notification card is mailed out to customers about the Annual Water Quality Report’s availability every July 1st along with the website link below to the report:
https://www.beverlyhills.org/departments/publicworks/utilities/waterservices/consumerco nfidencereports/web.jsp
FISCAL IMPACT
The recommendation presented in this report has no fiscal/budgetary impact.
Shana Epstein,
Director of Public Works
Approved By
Goal
Contaminant Units PHG or MCLG State DLR State MCL Average Results Range of Results Total Coliform % MCLG=0 NA 5 ND ND - 1
Gross Alpha Particle Activity pCi/L MCLG=1 3 15 ND ND - 3 Gross Beta Particle Activity pCi/L MCLG=0 4 50 1.5 ND - 6 Uranium pCi/L 0.43 1 20 0.7 ND - 3
Radium 228 pCi/L 0.019 1 5 ND ND - 2
Bromate ppb 0.1 1 10 3.1 ND - 9.8
Lead (90th Percentile Value) ppm 0.2 5 15 NA 1.2
N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) ppt 3 NA NL=10 0.8 ND - 3.1 Summary Table of Detected Constituents - Water Source from MWD Standard Results - 2019, 2020, 2021
Attachment 1
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City of Beverly Hills Water Utilities Bureau
Public Health Goals Report
Reported by Jason W. Dyogi – Water Quality Specialist
April 29, 2022
Background
Every 3 years the Calderon-Sher Safe Drinking Act of 1996 requires all public water systems in California to prepare a Public Health Goals (PHGs) Report that have more than 10,000 services connections. PHGs are non-enforceable goals established by Cal-EPA’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). The PHG Report must contain information of all contaminants that were “detected” above the PHGs published by the OEHHA. This report must also list the “detection” of any contaminant above the Maximum Contaminant Level Goals (MCLGs) set by United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.EPA) for all other contaminants that were not published by OEHHA. This report must be completed no later than July 1, 2022. A public hearing should be held sometime afterwards in order to accept and respond to public comment and for the governing board or council to accept the report.
What are Public Health Goals (PHGs)?
PHGs are not enforceable or mandated to be met by any public water system. The California Environmental Protection Agency’s (Cal EPA) Office of Environmental Health Hazard (OEHHA) set contaminant level goals below the enforceable mandatory Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) so consumers would be aware of whatever risks might be posed by the presence of these contaminants at levels below the MCLs. Determination of health risk at these low levels is theoretical based on risk assessments with multiple assumptions and mathematical extrapolations.
The U.S. EPA and the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) Division of Drinking Water (DDW) establish MCLs at very conservative levels to provide protection to consumers against all but very low to negligible risk.
PHGs does not take into consideration the available analytical methods, analytical detection capabilities, available treatment technology and costs.
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Water Quality Data Considered
The water quality data used in this report is based upon samples taken in 2019, 2020 and 2021. The data from the past years were also reported before or on July 1st in the City of Beverly Hills annual Consumer Confidence Report. These reports are made available to all of our customers annually and posted on our website at
http://www.beverlyhills.org/departments/publicworks/utilities/waterservices/consumerconfidencerepo rts/web.jsp
Most of the contaminants tested in the water were reported as Not Detected (ND) and are not generally listed in the annual Consumer Confidence Reports. This generally means that the laboratory report indicated that the contaminant was not detected, but it could also mean that it was detected at a level less than the detection level for purposes of reporting (DLR). This is a level above which any analytical finding of a contaminant in drinking water resulting from required monitoring must be reported to DDW.
Contaminants Detected that Exceed a PHG or a MCLG
The following is a list of contaminants that were detected from the City of Beverly Hills’ imported water supplies provided by Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, City distribution system monitoring stations and customer taps. These contaminants were detected above the PHG or MCLG from the monitoring years of 2019, 2020, and 2021.
Summary Table of Detected Contaminants
Contaminant Units
PHG or
MCLG
State
DLR
State
MCL
Range of
Results
Total Coliform % MCLG=0 NA 5 ND - 1
Gross Alpha Particle Activity pCi/L MCLG=0 3 15 ND - 3
Gross Beta Particle Activity pCi/L MCLG=0 4 50 ND - 6
Uranium pCi/L 0.43 1 20 ND - 3
Radium - 228 pCi/L 0.019 1 5* ND - 2
Bromate ppb 0.1 1 10 ND - 9.8
Lead (90th Percentile Value) ppm 0.2 5 AL=15 1.2
N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) ppt 3 2 NL=10 ND - 3.1
*Combined Radium 226 + 228
pCi/L = picoCuries per liter
ppb = parts per billion
ppm = parts per million
ppt = parts per trillion
DLR = detection limit for reporting
MCL = maximum contaminant level
MCLG = maximum contaminant level goal
PHG = public health goal
NA = not applicable
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Health Risks for Detected Contaminants that Exceed a PHG or a MCLG The California Health and Safety Code (Section 116470 (b) (2)) requires public water systems to disclose the numerical public health risks for contaminants that have an associated MCL, Action Limit (AL), PHG, and MCLG. The PHG’s numerical limits for each contaminant listed below were developed by OEHHA.
For any contaminants that did not have a published PHG by OEHHA a MCLG limit was provided. All MCLG limit were set by the U.S.EPA.
1. Total Coliform has a MCL of 5% positive samples of all samples per month and the MCLG is zero.
The reason for the coliform drinking water standard is to minimize the possibility of water containing pathogens which are organisms that cause waterborne disease. Coliform is only a surrogate indicator of the potential presence of pathogens, it is not possible to state a specific numerical health risk. While USEPA normally sets MCLGs “at a level where no known or anticipated adverse effects on persons would occur”, they indicate that they cannot do so with coliforms. Coliforms bacteria are an indicator organism that are ubiquitous in nature and are not generally considered harmful. They are used because of the ease in monitoring and analysis. If a positive sample is found, it indicates a potential problem that needs to be investigated with required follow up sampling needed. It is not uncommon for a system to have an occasional positive sample. It is difficult, if not impossible, to assure that a system will not get a positive sample.
2. Gross Alpha Particle Activity has a MCLG limit of zero. The source of this contaminant derives from eroding natural deposits. Some people who drink water containing alpha emitters in excess of the MCL (15pCi/L) over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer. 1 There is a health risk of obtaining cancer if one drinks water containing gross alpha above the MCL of 15 pCi/L for many years. The cancer risk associated with gross alpha particles is 1x10-3, or one surplus cancer cases per one thousand people who drink water above the MCL over a lifetime. There is no PHG for gross alpha; however, an MCLG of zero was adopted for Gross Alpha.
3. Gross Beta Particle Activity has a MCLG limit of zero. The source of this contaminant derives from decaying natural and human made deposits. Some people who drink water containing alpha emitters in excess of the MCL (15pCi/L) over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer. 1 The cancer risk associated with gross beta particles is 2x10-3, or two surplus cancer cases per one thousand people who drink water above the MCL over a lifetime. There is no PHG for gross beta; however, an MCLG of zero was adopted for Gross Beta.
4. Uranium has a PHG limit of 0.43 pCi/L. The source of this contaminant derives from eroding natural deposits. Exposure to uranium in drinking water may result in toxic effects to the kidney.
Some people who drink water containing alpha emitters, such as uranium, in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer. 1 The cancer risk associated with drinking water with uranium greater than the MCL of 20 pCi/L is 5X10-5, or five surplus cancer cases per hundred thousand people who drink water in excess of the MCL over a lifetime. The Water Utilities Bureau April 29, 2022 4 | P a g e
cancer risk for uranium at the PHG of 0.43 pCi/L is 1X10-6, or one surplus cancer case per million people drinking water in excess of the PHG over a lifetime.
5. Bromate has a PHG limit of 0.1 ppb. The source of this contaminant is a byproduct of drinking water disinfection operaations formed when water containing natural occurring bromide ion is ozonated. 2 OEHHA found no epidemiological information describing either non-cancer or carcinogenic toxicological consequences of long-term human exposure to bromate compounds but the U.S. EPA states levels above the EPA’s MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer. 2, The cancer risk associated with drinking water with bromate greater than the MCL of 10ug/L is 1X10-4, or 1 surplus cancer case per ten thousand people who drink water in excess of the MCL over a lifetime. The cancer risk for bromate at the PHG of 0.1 ug/L is 1X10-6, or one surplus cancer case per million people drinking water in excess of the PHG over a lifetime.
6. Lead has a PHG limit of 0.2 ppm. The source of this contaminant is from internal corrosion of household water plumbing pipes, industrial manufactures’ discharge and/or erosion of natural deposits. OEHAA states that excessive levels of lead have toxic effects on the human body, musculoskeletal effects, renal effects, reproductive effects, immunological systems effects, decreased intelligence in children and increased blood pressure in adults are among the more serious non-carcinogenic effects. 5
7. Radium 228 has a PHG limit of 0.019 pCi/L. The source of this constituent derives from eroding natural deposits. Chronic exposure to high levels of radium can result in an increased incidence of bone, liver, or breast cancer. 4 The cancer risk associated with Radium 228 is 1X10-6 , or one surplus cancer cases per million people who drank water over the PHG of 0.019 pCi/L during a lifetime. There is no specific MCL for Radium 228, however there is an MCL of 5 pCi/L for Radium 226 and Radium 228 combined and an MCLG of zero. The cancer risk associated with drinking water greater than the MCL over a lifetime is 3X10-4 or three surplus cancer cases per ten thousand people. 7
8. N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) has a PHG of 3 ppt. The source of this constituent derives from both industrial and natural processes. It also an unintended byproduct of the chlorination of wastewater and drinking water at treatment plants that use chloramines for disinfection.
Exposure to high levels of NDMA may cause liver damage in humans. Potential symptoms of overexposure include headache, fever, nausea, jaundice, vomiting, abdominal cramps, enlarged liver, reduced function of liver, kidneys and lungs and dizziness. 8 The State has no available cancer risk data associated with NDMA for people who drink water above the MCL over a lifetime. The cancer risk associated with NDMA 1X10-6 , or one surplus cancer cases per million people who drank water over the PHG of 3 ppt during a lifetime.
Foot note:
1 U.S. EPA – Alpha Particles
https://safewater.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/212077987-3-What-are-radionuclides-likealpha-particles-health-effects- Water Utilities Bureau April 29, 2022 5 | P a g e
2 OEHHA - Bromate
https://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/water/chemicals/phg/bromatephg010110.pdf 3 U.S.EPA - Bromate
https://safewater.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/211403418-1-What-disinfection-byproductsdoes-EPA-regulate-like-bromate-how-are-they-formed-and-what-are-their-health-effects-indrinking-water-at-levels-above-the-maximum-contaminant-level4 U.S. EPA - Radium 228 https://www.epa.gov/radiation/radionuclide-basics-radium 5 OEHHA - Lead
https://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/water/chemicals/phg/leadfinalphg042409_0.pdf 6 California Regulations Related to Drinking Water
https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/lawbook/d w_regulations_2019_04_16.pdf
7 OEHHA – Health Risk Information
https://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/water/public-health-goalreport/phgexceedancereport020422.pdf 8 OEHHA – NDMA
https://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/water/chemicals/phg/122206ndmaphg.pdf 9 U.S. EPA – NDMA
https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2014-
03/documents/ffrrofactsheet_contaminant_ndma_january2014_final.pdf Best Available Treatment (BAT) Technology and Cost Estimates The U.S. EPA and SWRCB-DDW adopted Best Available Technologies (BATs) which are the best known methods of reducing contaminant levels to the MCL. Costs can be estimated for such technologies.
However, since may PHGs and MCLGs are set much lower than the MCL, it is not always possible nor feasible to determine what treatment is needed to further reduce a constituent downward to or near these goals, many of which are set at zero. Estimating the costs to reduce a constituent to zero is challenging, since it is not possible to verify by analytical means that the level has been reduced to zero.
Cost estimates associated with implementing these BATs vary from each water utility. It is not always feasible to determine what treatments are needed to further reduce a constituent down to the PHG or MCLG level.
Many MCLGs and PHGs are set to a numerical value far below the respective DLRs. This makes it difficult to verify if constituents were reduced to the PHG by any analytical means. In other cases, installing Water Utilities Bureau April 29, 2022 6 | P a g e
treatment to further reduce the constituents to the specified PHG or MCLG levels could adversely affect other aspects of water quality.
Below is a description of any actions the City of Beverly Hills may use to reduce the level or occurrences exceeding the PHG or MCLG limits and the basis for that decision.
Total Coliform – Metropolitan already adds chlorine at their sources to assure that the water served is microbiologically safe. The chlorine residual levels are carefully controlled to provide the best health protection without causing the water to have undesirable taste and odor or increasing the disinfection byproduct level. This careful balance of treatment processes is essential to continue supplying our customers with safe drinking water. Other equally important measure that the City has implemented include: an effective cross-connection control program, maintenance of a disinfection residual throughout the system, an effective monitoring and surveillance program and maintaining positive pressures in the distribution system. The system has already taken all of the steps described by DDW as “best available technology” for coliform bacteria in section 64447, Title 22, CCR. Further disinfection may cause adverse water quality effects within the City’s distribution system. Therefore, no cost has been included to further reduce total coliform.
Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, Radium 228 and Uranium – Radiologicals such as gross alpha, gross beta, Radium 228 and uranium comes from the treated MWD water. It would not be feasible for the City of Beverly Hills to lower radiological levels to MCLG levels. According to the Association of California Water Agencies (ACWA) Cost Estimates for Treatment Technologies, it would cost approximately $2.04 to $8.04 per 1000 gallons of water to treat with reverse osmosis (RO). If MWD chooses to use RO it would cost them between $374M to $716M per year in annualized capital and O&M costs to try to meet MCLG levels.
Bromate - One of the most effective Best Available Technologies (BATs) for reducing bromate is utilizing an ozone treatment process. Bromate in our water system comes from treated MWD water. MWD already applies BAT control of the ozonation process at Weymouth treatment plant. It would not be feasible for the City of Beverly Hills to lower bromate levels to the PHG and MCLG. According to the Association of California Water Agencies (ACWA) Cost Estimates for Treatment Technologies, it would cost approximately $0.15 - $0.32 per 1000 gallons of water to treat with ozonation.
Lead – Lead was not detected in the City of Beverly Hills Distribution System nor was it detected in purchased water from MWD. These were detected inside residential homes as part of the Lead and Copper Rule. Some estimates that were found online to replace old pipes in a 1,500 square foot, twobathroom home costs between $4,000 to $10,000, and requires cutting open walls and floors.
NDMA - One of the most effective Best Available Technologies (BATs) for reducing NDMA is utilizing an ultraviolet light reactor and ozone process. NDMA in our water system comes from treated MWD water.
It would not be feasible for the City of Beverly Hills to lower NDMA levels to the PHG and MCLG.
According to the Association of California Water Agencies (ACWA), Cost Estimates for Treatment Technologies, it would cost approximately $0.67 per 1000 gallons of water to treat with UV light, ozone, hydrogen peroxide.
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Conclusion
The City of Beverly Hills Water Utilities Bureau meets all State of California and USEPA drinking water standards set to protect public health. To further reduce the levels of the contaminants identified in this report that are already below the health-based MCLs established to provide “safe drinking water”would require additional costly treatment processes and would significantly increase the annual customer water bills. The health protection benefits of these hypothetical reductions of constituents may not be quantifiable, therefore, no action is proposed.
For Additional Information
Please contact Mr. Jason W. Dyogi, Water Quality Specialist at (310) 285-2467 or write to City of Beverly Hills Public Works Department, 345 Foothill Road, Beverly Hills, California 90210.
Exhibits
No. 1 Excerpt from California Health & Safety Code: Section 116470 (b) No. 2 Table of California Regulated Constituents with MCLs and PHGs No. 3 Health Risk Information for Public Health Goal Exceedance Reports. Prepared by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. February 2019
No. 4 Description of Cost Estimating Methodology for this PHG Report No. 5 City of Beverly Hills – 2019, 2020, 2021 (available July 1st, 2022) Water Utilities Bureau April 29, 2022 8 | P a g e
EXHIBIT 1
EXCERT FROM CALIFORNIA HEALTH & SAFETY CODE
SECTION 116470 (b)
(b) On or before July 1, 1998, and every three years thereafter, public water systems serving more than 10,000 service connections that detect one or more contaminants in drinking water that exceed the applicable public health goal, shall prepare a brief written report in plain language that does all of the following:
(1) Identifies each contaminant detected in drinking water that exceeds the applicable public health goal.
(2) Discloses the numerical public health risk, determined by the office, associated with the maximum contaminant level for each contaminant identified in paragraph (1) and the numerical public health risk determined by the office associated with the public health goal for that contaminant. (3) Identifies the category of risk to public health, including, but not limited to, carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and acute toxicity, associated with exposure to the contaminant in drinking water, and includes a brief plainly worded description of these terms. (4) Describes the best available technology, if any is then available on a commercial basis, to remove the contaminant or reduce the concentration of the contaminant. The public water system may, solely at its own discretion, briefly describe actions that have been taken on its own, or by other entities, to prevent the introduction of the contaminant into drinking water supplies. (5) Estimates the aggregate cost and the cost per customer of utilizing the technology described in paragraph (4), if any, to reduce the concentration of that contaminant in drinking water to a level at or below the public health goal.
(6) Briefly describes what action, if any, the local water purveyor intends to take to reduce the concentration of the contaminant in public drinking water supplies and the basis for that decision. (c) Public water systems required to prepare a report pursuant to subdivision (b) shall hold a public hearing for the purpose of accepting and responding to public comment on the report. Public water systems may hold the public hearing as part of any regularly scheduled meeting. (d) The department shall not require a public water system to take any action to reduce or eliminate any exceedance of a public health goal.
(e) Enforcement of this section does not require the department to amend a public water system’s operating permit.
(f) Pending adoption of a public health goal by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 116365, and in lieu thereof, public water systems shall use the national maximum contaminant level goal adopted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for the corresponding contaminant for purposes of complying with the notice and hearing requirements of this section.
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EXHIBIT 2
TABLE OF CALIFORNIA REGULATED CONSTITUENTS WITH MCLs AND PHGs MCLs, DLRs, PHGs, for Regulated Drinking Water Contaminants (Units are in milligrams per liter (mg/L), unless otherwise noted.) Last Update: September 14, 2021
The following tables includes California’s maximum contaminant levels (MCLs), detection limits for purposes of reporting (DLRs), public health goals (PHGs) from the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). For comparison, Federal MCLs and Maximum Contaminant Level Goals (MCLGs) (USEPA) are also displayed.
Inorganic Chemicals Table, Chemicals with MCLs in 22 CCR §64431 State Regulated
Inorganic Chemical
Contaminant
State
MCL
State
DLR
State PHG State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
Aluminum 1 0.05 0.6 2001 -- --
Antimony 0.006 0.006 0.001 2016 0.006 0.006
Arsenic 0.010 0.002 0.000004 2004 0.010 zero
Asbestos (MFL =
million fibers per liter;
for fibers >10
microns long)
7 MFL 0.2 MFL 7 MFL 2003 7 MFL 7 MFL
Barium 1 0.1 2 2003 2 2
Beryllium 0.004 0.001 0.001 2003 0.004 0.004
Cadmium 0.005 0.001 0.00004 2006 0.005 0.005
Chromium, Total -
OEHHA withdrew the
0.0025-mg/L PHG
0.05 0.01 withdrawn
Nov. 2001
1999 0.1 0.1
State Regulated
Inorganic Chemical
Contaminant
State
MCL
State
DLR
State PHG State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
Chromium,
Hexavalent - 0.01-
mg/L MCL & 0.001-
mg/L DLR repealed
September 2017
-- -- 0.00002 2011 -- --
Cyanide 0.15 0.1 0.15 1997 0.2 0.2
Fluoride 2 0.1 1 1997 4.0 4.0
Mercury (inorganic) 0.002 0.001 0.0012 1999
(rev2005)*
0.002 0.002
Nickel 0.1 0.01 0.012 2001 -- --
Nitrate (as nitrogen,
N)
10 as N 0.4 45 as NO3
(=10 as N)
2018 10 10
Nitrite (as N) 1 as N 0.4 1 as N 2018 1 1
Nitrate + Nitrite (as
N)
10 as N -- 10 as N 2018 -- --
Perchlorate 0.006 0.002 0.001 2015 -- --
Selenium 0.05 0.005 0.03 2010 0.05 0.05
Thallium 0.002 0.001 0.0001 1999
(rev2004)
0.002 0.0005
Copper and Lead Table, 22 CCR §64672.3
Values referred to as MCLs for lead and copper are not actually MCLs; instead, they are called “Action Levels” under the lead and copper rule.
State Regulated
Copper and Lead
Contaminant
State
MCL
State
DLR
State
PHG
State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
Copper 1.3 0.05 0.3 2008 1.3 1.3
Lead 0.015 0.005 0.0002 2009 0.015 zero
Radiological Table, Radionuclides with MCLs in 22 CCR §64441 and §64443 [units are picocuries per liter (pCi/L), unless otherwise state; n/a = not applicable] State Regulated
Radionuclides
Contaminant
State
MCL
State
DLR
State
PHG
State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
Gross alpha particle
activity - OEHHA
concluded in 2003 that
a PHG was not
practical
15 3 none n/a 15 zero
Gross beta particle
activity - OEHHA
concluded in 2003 that
a PHG was not
practical
4 mrem/yr
4 none n/a 4
mrem/yr
zero
Radium-226 -- 1 0.05 2006
Radium-228 -- 1 0.019 2006
Radium-226 + Radium- 5 -- -- -- 5 zero
State Regulated
Radionuclides
Contaminant
State
MCL
State
DLR
State
PHG
State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
228
Strontium-90 8 2 0.35 2006 -- --
Tritium "20,000" "1,000" 400 2006 -- --
Uranium 20 1 0.43 2001 30 µg/L zero
Organic Chemicals Table, Chemicals with MCLs in 22 CCR §64444 Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs)
State Regulated
Volatile Organic
Contaminants
State
MCL
State
DLR
State PHG State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
Benzene 0.001 0.0005 0.00015 2001 0.005 zero
Carbon tetrachloride 0.0005 0.0005 0.0001 2000 0.005 zero 1,2-Dichlorobenzene 0.6 0.0005 0.6 1997
(rev2009)
0.6 0.6
1,4-Dichlorobenzene (pDCB)0.005 0.0005 0.006 1997 0.075 0.075 1,1-Dichloroethane
(1,1-DCA)
0.005 0.0005 0.003 2003 -- --
1,2-Dichloroethane
(1,2-DCA)
0.0005 0.0005 0.0004 1999
(rev2005)
0.005 zero
State Regulated
Volatile Organic
Contaminants
State
MCL
State
DLR
State PHG State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
1,1-Dichloroethylene
(1,1-DCE)
0.006 0.0005 0.01 1999 0.007 0.007
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene 0.006 0.0005 0.013 2018 0.07 0.07 trans-1,2-
Dichloroethylene
0.01 0.0005 0.05 2018 0.1 0.1
Dichloromethane
(Methylene chloride)
0.005 0.0005 0.004 2000 0.005 zero
1,2-Dichloropropane 0.005 0.0005 0.0005 1999 0.005 zero 1,3-Dichloropropene 0.0005 0.0005 0.0002 1999
(rev2006)
-- --
Ethylbenzene 0.3 0.0005 0.3 1997 0.7 0.7
Methyl tertiary butyl
ether (MTBE)
0.013 0.003 0.013 1999 -- --
Monochlorobenzene 0.07 0.0005 0.07 2014 0.1 0.1
Styrene 0.1 0.0005 0.0005 2010 0.1 0.1
1,1,2,2-
Tetrachloroethane
0.001 0.0005 0.0001 2003 0.1 0.1
Tetrachloroethylene
(PCE)
0.005 0.0005 0.00006 2001 0.005 zero
State Regulated
Volatile Organic
Contaminants
State
MCL
State
DLR
State PHG State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
Toluene 0.15 0.0005 0.15 1999 1 1
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 0.005 0.0005 0.005 1999 0.07 0.07 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
(1,1,1-TCA)
0.200 0.0005 1 2006 0.2 0.2
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
(1,1,2-TCA)
0.005 0.0005 0.0003 2006 0.005 0.003
Trichloroethylene (TCE) 0.005 0.0005 0.0017 2009 0.005 zero Trichlorofluoromethane
(Freon 11)
0.15 0.005 1.3 2014 -- --
"1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-
Trifluoroethane (Freon
113)"
1.2 0.01 4 1997
(rev2011)
-- --
Vinyl chloride 0.0005 0.0005 0.00005 2000 0.002 zero
Xylenes 1.750 0.0005 1.8 1997 10 10
Non-Volatile Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs)
State Regulated
Non-Volatile
Synthetic Organic
Contaminants
State
MCL
State
DLR
State PHG State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
Alachlor 0.002 0.001 0.004 1997 0.002 zero
State Regulated
Non-Volatile
Synthetic Organic
Contaminants
State
MCL
State
DLR
State PHG State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
Atrazine 0.001 0.0005 0.00015 1999 0.003 0.003
Bentazon 0.018 0.002 0.2 1999
(rev2009)
-- --
Benzo(a)pyrene 0.0002 0.0001 0.000007 2010 0.0002 zero
Carbofuran 0.018 0.005 0.0007 2016 0.04 0.04
Chlordane 0.0001 0.0001 0.00003 1997
(rev2006)
0.002 zero
Dalapon 0.2 0.01 0.79 1997
(rev2009)
0.2 0.2
1,2-Dibromo-3-
chloropropane
(DBCP)
0.0002 0.00001 0.000003 2020 0.0002 zero
2,4-
Dichlorophenoxyaceti
c acid (2,4-D)
0.07 0.01 0.02 2009 0.07 0.07
Di(2-
ethylhexyl)adipate
0.4 0.005 0.2 2003 0.4 0.4
Di(2-
ethylhexyl)phthalate
(DEHP)
0.004 0.003 0.012 1997 0.006 zero
Dinoseb 0.007 0.002 0.014 1997 0.007 0.007
State Regulated
Non-Volatile
Synthetic Organic
Contaminants
State
MCL
State
DLR
State PHG State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
(rev2010)
Diquat 0.02 0.004 0.006 2016 0.02 0.02
Endothal 0.1 0.045 0.094 2014 0.1 0.1
Endrin 0.002 0.0001 0.0003 2016 0.002 0.002
Ethylene dibromide
(EDB)
0.00005 0.00002 0.00001 2003 0.0000
5 zero
Glyphosate 0.7 0.025 0.9 2007 0.7 0.7
Heptachlor 0.00001 0.00001 0.000008 1999 0.0004 zero
Heptachlor epoxide 0.00001 0.00001 0.000006 1999 0.0002 zero Hexachlorobenzene 0.001 0.0005 0.00003 2003 0.001 zero
Hexachlorocyclopent
adiene
0.05 0.001 0.002 2014 0.05 0.05
Lindane 0.0002 0.0002 0.000032 1999
(rev2005)
0.0002 0.0002
Methoxychlor 0.03 0.01 0.00009 2010 0.04 0.04
Molinate 0.02 0.002 0.001 2008 -- --
Oxamyl 0.05 0.02 0.026 2009 0.2 0.2
State Regulated
Non-Volatile
Synthetic Organic
Contaminants
State
MCL
State
DLR
State PHG State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
Pentachlorophenol 0.001 0.0002 0.0003 2009 0.001 zero
Picloram 0.5 0.001 0.166 2016 0.5 0.5
Polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs)
0.0005 0.0005 0.00009 2007 0.0005 zero
Simazine 0.004 0.001 0.004 2001 0.004 0.004
Thiobencarb 0.07 0.001 0.042 2016 -- --
Toxaphene 0.003 0.001 0.00003 2003 0.003 zero
1,2,3-
Trichloropropane
0.00000
5 0.00000
5 0.0000007 2009 -- --
2,3,7,8-TCDD
(dioxin)
3x10-8 5x10-9 5x10-11 2010 3x10-8 zero
2,4,5-TP (Silvex) 0.05 0.001 0.003 2014 0.05 0.05
Disinfection Byproducts Table, Chemicals with MCLs in 22 CCR §64533 State Regulated
Disinfection
Byproducts
Contaminants
State
MCL
State
DLR
State
PHG
State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
Total Trihalomethanes 0.080 -- -- -- 0.080 --
State Regulated
Disinfection
Byproducts
Contaminants
State
MCL
State
DLR
State
PHG
State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
Bromodichloromethane -- 0.0010 0.00006 2020 -- zero
Bromoform -- 0.0010 0.0005 2020 -- zero
Chloroform -- 0.0010 0.0004 2020 -- 0.07
Dibromochloromethane -- 0.0010 0.0001 2020 -- 0.06
Haloacetic Acids (five)
(HAA5)
0.060 -- -- -- 0.060 --
Monochloroacetic Acid -- 0.0020 -- -- -- 0.07
Dichloroacetic Adic -- 0.0010 -- -- -- zero
Trichloroacetic Acid -- 0.0010 -- -- -- 0.02
Monobromoacetic Acid -- 0.0010 -- -- -- --
Dibromoacetic Acid -- 0.0010 -- -- -- --
Bromate 0.010 0.0050** 0.0001 2009 0.01 zero
Chlorite 1.0 0.020 0.05 2009 1 0.8
Chemicals with PHGs established in response to DDW requests. These are not currently regulated drinking water contaminants.
State Regulated
Disinfection
Byproducts
Contaminants
State
MCL
State
DLR
State PHG State
Date of
PHG
Federal
MCL
Federal
MCLG
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
(NDMA)
-- -- 0.000003 2006 -- --
*OEHHA's review of this chemical during the year indicated (rev20XX) resulted in no change in the PHG.
**The DLR for Bromate is 0.0010 mg/L for analysis performed using EPA Method 317.0 Revision 2.0, 321.8, or 326.0.
Water Utilities Bureau April 29, 2022 14 | P a g e
EXHIBIT 3
HEALTH RISK INFORMATION FOR PUBLIC HEALTH GOAL
EXCEEDANCE REPORTS
PREPARED BY OEHHA
FEBRUARY 2022
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 1
Health Risk Information for
Public Health Goal Exceedance Reports
Prepared by
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
California Environmental Protection Agency
February 2022
NEW for the 2022 Report: New in this document are an updated Public Health Goal (PHG) for 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) and newly established PHGs for the trihalomethanes bromodichloromethane, bromoform, chloroform, and dibromochloromethane.
Background: Under the Calderon-Sher Safe Drinking Water Act of 1996 (the Act), public water systems with more than 10,000 service connections are required to prepare a report every three years for contaminants that exceed their respective PHGs. 1 This document contains health risk information on regulated drinking water contaminants to assist public water systems in preparing these reports. A PHG is the concentration of a contaminant in drinking water that poses no significant health risk if consumed for a lifetime. PHGs are developed and published by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) using current risk assessment principles, practices and methods.
2 The water system’s report is required to identify the health risk category (e.g., carcinogenicity or neurotoxicity) associated with exposure to each regulated contaminant in drinking water and to include a brief, plainly worded description of these risks. The report is also required to disclose the numerical public health risk, if available, associated with the California Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) and with the PHG for each contaminant. This health risk information document is prepared by OEHHA every three years to assist the water systems in providing the required information in their reports.
1 Health and Safety Code Section 116470(b)
2 Health and Safety Code Section 116365
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 2
Numerical health risks: Table 1 presents health risk categories and cancer risk values for chemical contaminants in drinking water that have PHGs.
The Act requires that OEHHA publish PHGs based on health risk assessments using the most current scientific methods. As defined in statute, PHGs for non-carcinogenic chemicals in drinking water are set at a concentration “at which no known or anticipated adverse health effects will occur, with an adequate margin of safety.” For carcinogens, PHGs are set at a concentration that “does not pose any significant risk to health.” PHGs provide one basis for revising MCLs, along with cost and technological feasibility.
OEHHA has been publishing PHGs since 1997 and the entire list published to date is shown in Table 1.
Table 2 presents health risk information for contaminants that do not have PHGs but have state or federal regulatory standards. The Act requires that, for chemical contaminants with California MCLs that do not yet have PHGs, water utilities use the federal Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) for the purpose of complying with the requirement of public notification. MCLGs, like PHGs, are strictly health based and include a margin of safety. One difference, however, is that the MCLGs for carcinogens are set at zero because the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) assumes there is no absolutely safe level of exposure to such chemicals. PHGs, on the other hand, are set at a level considered to pose no significant risk of cancer; this is usually no more than a one-in-one-million excess cancer risk (1×10-6) level for a lifetime of exposure. In Table 2, the cancer risks shown are based on the US EPA’s evaluations.
For more information on health risks: The adverse health effects for each chemical with a PHG are summarized in a PHG technical support document. These documents are available on the OEHHA website (https://oehha.ca.gov/water/public-health-goalsphgs).
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 3
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical Health Risk Category1
California
PHG
(mg/L)2
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Alachlor carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.004 NA5,6 0.002 NA
Aluminum neurotoxicity and
immunotoxicity
(harms the nervous and
immune systems)
0.6 NA 1 NA
Antimony hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.001 NA 0.006 NA
Arsenic carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.000004
(4×10-6)
1×10-6
(one per
million)
0.01 2.5×10-3
(2.5 per
thousand)
Asbestos carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
7 MFL7
(fibers >10
microns in
length)
1×10-6 7 MFL
(fibers >10
microns in
length)
1×10-6
(one per
million)
Atrazine carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00015 1×10-6 0.001 7×10-6
(seven per
million)
1 Based on the OEHHA PHG technical support document unless otherwise specified. The categories are the hazard traits defined by OEHHA for California’s Toxics Information Clearinghouse (online at:
https://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/risk-assessment//gcregtext011912.pdf). 2 mg/L = milligrams per liter of water or parts per million (ppm) 3 Cancer Risk = Upper bound estimate of excess cancer risk from lifetime exposure. Actual cancer risk may be lower or zero. 1×10-6 means one excess cancer case per million people exposed. 4 MCL = maximum contaminant level.
5 NA = not applicable. Cancer risk cannot be calculated. 6 The PHG for alachlor is based on a threshold model of carcinogenesis and is set at a level that is believed to be without any significant cancer risk to individuals exposed to the chemical over a lifetime. 7 MFL = million fibers per liter of water.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 4
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical Health Risk Category1
California
PHG
(mg/L)2
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Barium cardiovascular toxicity
(causes high blood
pressure)
2 NA 1 NA
Bentazon hepatotoxicity and
digestive system toxicity
(harms the liver,
intestine, and causes
body weight effects8)
0.2 NA 0.018 NA
Benzene carcinogenicity
(causes leukemia)
0.00015 1×10-6 0.001 7×10-6
(seven per
million)
Benzo[a]pyrene carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.000007
(7×10-6)
1×10-6 0.0002 3×10-5
(three per
hundred
thousand)
Beryllium digestive system toxicity
(harms the stomach or
intestine)
0.001 NA 0.004 NA
Bromate carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0001 1×10-6 0.01 1×10-4
(one per
ten
thousand)
Cadmium nephrotoxicity
(harms the kidney)
0.00004 NA 0.005 NA
Carbofuran reproductive toxicity
(harms the testis)
0.0007 NA 0.018 NA
8 Body weight effects are an indicator of general toxicity in animal studies.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 5
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical Health Risk Category1
California
PHG
(mg/L)2
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Carbon
tetrachloride
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0001 1×10-6 0.0005 5×10-6
(five per
million)
Chlordane carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00003 1×10-6 0.0001 3×10-6
(three per
million)
Chlorite hematotoxicity
(causes anemia)
neurotoxicity
(causes neurobehavioral
effects)
0.05 NA 1 NA
Chromium,
hexavalent
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00002 1×10-6 none NA
Copper digestive system toxicity
(causes nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea)
0.3 NA 1.3 (AL9) NA
Cyanide neurotoxicity
(damages nerves)
endocrine toxicity
(affects the thyroid)
0.15 NA 0.15 NA
Dalapon nephrotoxicity
(harms the kidney)
0.79 NA 0.2 NA
Di(2-ethylhexyl)
adipate (DEHA)
developmental toxicity
(disrupts development)
0.2 NA 0.4 NA
9 AL = action level. The action levels for copper and lead refer to a concentration measured at the tap. Much of the copper and lead in drinking water is derived from household plumbing (The Lead and Copper Rule, Title 22, California Code of Regulations [CCR] section 64672.3).
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 6
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical Health Risk Category1
California
PHG
(mg/L)2
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Di(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
(DEHP)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.012 1×10-6 0.004 3×10-7
(three per
ten million)
1,2-Dibromo-3-
chloropropane
(DBCP)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.000003
(3x10-6)
1×10-6 0.0002 7×10-5
(seven per
hundred
thousand)
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
(o-DCB)
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.6 NA 0.6 NA
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
(p-DCB)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.006 1×10-6 0.005 8×10-7
(eight per
ten million)
1,1-Dichloroethane
(1,1-DCA)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.003 1×10-6 0.005 2×10-6
(two per
million)
1,2-Dichloroethane
(1,2-DCA)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0004 1×10-6 0.0005 1×10-6
(one per
million)
1,1-Dichloroethylene
(1,1-DCE)
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.01 NA 0.006 NA
1,2-Dichloroethylene, cisnephrotoxicity
(harms the kidney)
0.013 NA 0.006 NA
1,2-Dichloroethylene, transimmunotoxicity
(harms the immune
system)
0.05 NA 0.01 NA
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 7
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical Health Risk Category1
California
PHG
(mg/L)2
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Dichloromethane
(methylene
chloride)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.004 1×10-6 0.005 1×10-6
(one per
million)
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2,4-D)
hepatotoxicity and
nephrotoxicity
(harms the liver and
kidney)
0.02 NA 0.07 NA
1,2-Dichloropropane
(propylene
dichloride)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0005 1×10-6 0.005 1×10-5
(one per
hundred
thousand)
1,3-Dichloropropene
(Telone II)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0002 1×10-6 0.0005 2×10-6
(two per
million)
Dinoseb reproductive toxicity
(harms the uterus and
testis)
0.014 NA 0.007 NA
Diquat ocular toxicity
(harms the eye)
developmental toxicity
(causes malformation)
0.006 NA 0.02 NA
Endothall digestive system toxicity
(harms the stomach or
intestine)
0.094 NA 0.1 NA
Endrin neurotoxicity
(causes convulsions)
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.0003 NA 0.002 NA
Ethylbenzene
(phenylethane)
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.3 NA 0.3 NA
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 8
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical Health Risk Category1
California
PHG
(mg/L)2
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Ethylene
dibromide (1,2-
Dibromoethane)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00001 1×10-6 0.00005 5×10-6
(five per
million)
Fluoride musculoskeletal toxicity
(causes tooth mottling)
1 NA 2 NA
Glyphosate nephrotoxicity
(harms the kidney)
0.9 NA 0.7 NA
Heptachlor carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.000008
(8×10-6)
1×10-6 0.00001 1×10-6
(one per
million)
Heptachlor
epoxide
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.000006
(6×10-6)
1×10-6 0.00001 2×10-6
(two per
million)
Hexachlorobenzenecarcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00003 1×10-6 0.001 3×10-5
(three per
hundred
thousand)
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
(HCCPD)
digestive system toxicity
(causes stomach
lesions)
0.002 NA 0.05 NA
Lead developmental
neurotoxicity
(causes neurobehavioral
effects in children)
cardiovascular toxicity
(causes high blood
pressure)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0002 <1×10-6
(PHG is
not based
on this
effect)
0.015
(AL9)
2×10-6
(two per
million)
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 9
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical Health Risk Category1
California
PHG
(mg/L)2
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Lindane
(γ-BHC)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.000032 1×10-6 0.0002 6×10-6
(six per
million)
Mercury
(inorganic)
nephrotoxicity
(harms the kidney)
0.0012 NA 0.002 NA
Methoxychlor endocrine toxicity
(causes hormone
effects)
0.00009 NA 0.03 NA
Methyl tertiarybutyl ether
(MTBE)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.013 1×10-6 0.013 1×10-6
(one per
million)
Molinate carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.001 1×10-6 0.02 2×10-5
(two per
hundred
thousand)
Monochlorobenzene
(chlorobenzene)
nephrotoxicity
(harms the kidney)
0.07 NA 0.07 NA
Nickel developmental toxicity
(causes increased
neonatal deaths)
0.012 NA 0.1 NA
Nitrate hematotoxicity
(causes
methemoglobinemia)
45 as
nitrate
NA 10 as
nitrogen
(=45 as
nitrate)
NA
Nitrite hematotoxicity
(causes
methemoglobinemia)
3 as
nitrite
NA 1 as
nitrogen
(=3 as
nitrite)
NA
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 10
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical Health Risk Category1
California
PHG
(mg/L)2
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Nitrate and
Nitrite
hematotoxicity
(causes
methemoglobinemia)
10 as
nitrogen10
NA 10 as
nitrogen
NA
N-nitrosodimethyl-amine
(NDMA)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.000003
(3×10-6)
1×10-6 none NA
Oxamyl general toxicity
(causes body weight
effects)
0.026 NA 0.05 NA
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0003 1×10-6 0.001 3×10-6
(three per
million)
Perchlorate endocrine toxicity
(affects the thyroid)
developmental toxicity
(causes neurodevelopmental deficits)
0.001 NA 0.006 NA
Picloram hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.166 NA 0.5 NA
Polychlorinated
biphenyls
(PCBs)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00009 1×10-6 0.0005 6×10-6
(six per
million)
Radium-226 carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.05 pCi/L 1×10-6 5 pCi/L
(combined
Ra226+228)
1×10-4
(one per
ten
thousand)
10 The joint nitrate/nitrite PHG of 10 mg/L (10 ppm, expressed as nitrogen) does not replace the individual values, and the maximum contribution from nitrite should not exceed 1 mg/L nitrite-nitrogen.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 11
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical Health Risk Category1
California
PHG
(mg/L)2
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Radium-228 carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.019 pCi/L 1×10-6 5 pCi/L
(combined
Ra226+228)
3×10-4
(three per
ten
thousand)
Selenium integumentary toxicity
(causes hair loss and
nail damage)
0.03 NA 0.05 NA
Silvex (2,4,5-TP) hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.003 NA 0.05 NA
Simazine general toxicity
(causes body weight
effects)
0.004 NA 0.004 NA
Strontium-90 carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.35 pCi/L 1×10-6 8 pCi/L 2×10-5
(two per
hundred
thousand)
Styrene
(vinylbenzene)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0005 1×10-6 0.1 2×10-4
(two per
ten
thousand)
1,1,2,2-
Tetrachloroethane
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0001 1×10-6 0.001 1×10-5
(one per
hundred
thousand)
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-pdioxin (TCDD, or
dioxin)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
5×10-11 1×10-6 3×10-8 6×10-4
(six per ten
thousand)
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 12
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical Health Risk Category1
California
PHG
(mg/L)2
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Tetrachloroethylene
(perchloroethylene, or
PCE)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00006 1×10-6 0.005 8×10-5
(eight per
hundred
thousand)
Thallium integumentary toxicity
(causes hair loss)
0.0001 NA 0.002 NA
Thiobencarb general toxicity
(causes body weight
effects)
hematotoxicity
(affects red blood cells)
0.042 NA 0.07 NA
Toluene
(methylbenzene)
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
endocrine toxicity
(harms the thymus)
0.15 NA 0.15 NA
Toxaphene carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00003 1×10-6 0.003 1×10-4
(one per
ten
thousand)
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzeneendocrine toxicity
(harms adrenal glands)
0.005 NA 0.005 NA
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
neurotoxicity
(harms the nervous
system),
reproductive toxicity
(causes fewer offspring)
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
hematotoxicity
(causes blood effects)
1 NA 0.2 NA
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 13
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical Health Risk Category1
California
PHG
(mg/L)2
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
1,1,2-Trichloroethanecarcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0003 1x10-6 0.005 2×10-5
(two per
hundred
thousand)
Trichloroethylene (TCE)carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0017 1×10-6 0.005 3×10-6
(three per
million)
Trichlorofluoromethane
(Freon 11)
accelerated mortality
(increase in early death)
1.3 NA 0.15 NA
1,2,3-Trichloropropane
(1,2,3-TCP)
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0000007
(7×10-7)
1x10-6 0.000005
(5×10-6)
7×10-6
(seven per
million)
1,1,2-Trichloro1,2,2-trifluoroethane
(Freon 113)
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
4 NA 1.2 NA
Trihalomethanes:
Bromodichloromethane
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00006 1x10-6 0.080* 1.3×10-3
(1.3 per
thousand)11
Trihalomethanes:
Bromoform
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0005 1x10-6 0.080* 2×10-4
(two per ten
thousand)12
* For total trihalomethanes (the sum of bromodichloromethane, bromoform, chloroform, and dibromochloromethane). There are no MCLs for individual trihalomethanes. 11 Based on 0.080 mg/L bromodichloromethane; the risk will vary with different combinations and ratios of the other trihalomethanes in a particular sample.
12 Based on 0.080 mg/L bromoform; the risk will vary with different combinations and ratios of the other trihalomethanes in a particular sample.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 14
Table 1: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals with California Public Health Goals (PHGs)
Chemical Health Risk Category1
California
PHG
(mg/L)2
Cancer
Risk3
at the
PHG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Trihalomethanes:
Chloroform
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0004 1x10-6 0.080* 2×10-4
(two per ten
thousand)13
Trihalomethanes:
Dibromochloromethane
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.0001 1x10-6 0.080* 8×10-4
(eight
per ten
thousand)14
Tritium carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
400 pCi/L 1x10-6 20,000
pCi/L
5×10-5
(five per
hundred
thousand)
Uranium carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.43 pCi/L 1×10-6 20 pCi/L 5×10-5
(five per
hundred
thousand)
Vinyl chloride carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0.00005 1×10-6 0.0005 1×10-5
(one per
hundred
thousand)
Xylene neurotoxicity
(affects the senses,
mood, and motor
control)
1.8 (single
isomer or
sum of
isomers)
NA 1.75 (single
isomer or
sum of
isomers)
NA
* For total trihalomethanes (the sum of bromodichloromethane, bromoform, chloroform, and dibromochloromethane). There are no MCLs for individual trihalomethanes. 13 Based on 0.080 mg/L chloroform; the risk will vary with different combinations and ratios of the other trihalomethanes in a particular sample.
14 Based on 0.080 mg/L dibromochloromethane; the risk will vary with different combinations and ratios of the other trihalomethanes in a particular sample.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 15
Table 2: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals without California Public Health Goals
Chemical Health Risk Category1
US EPA
MCLG2
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk3
at the
MCLG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Disinfection byproducts (DBPs)
Chloramines acute toxicity
(causes irritation)
digestive system toxicity
(harms the stomach)
hematotoxicity
(causes anemia)
45,6 NA7 none NA
Chlorine acute toxicity
(causes irritation)
digestive system toxicity
(harms the stomach)
45,6 NA none NA
Chlorine dioxide hematotoxicity
(causes anemia)
neurotoxicity
(harms the nervous
system)
0.85,6 NA none NA
Disinfection byproducts: haloacetic acids (HAA5)
Monochloroacetic
acid (MCA)
general toxicity
(causes body and organ
weight changes8)
0.07 NA none NA
1 Health risk category based on the US EPA MCLG document or California MCL document unless otherwise specified.
2 MCLG = maximum contaminant level goal established by US EPA. 3 Cancer Risk = Upper estimate of excess cancer risk from lifetime exposure. Actual cancer risk may be lower or zero. 1×10-6 means one excess cancer case per million people exposed. 4 California MCL = maximum contaminant level established by California. 5 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal, or MRDLG. 6 The federal Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL), or highest level of disinfectant allowed in drinking water, is the same value for this chemical. 7 NA = not available.
8 Body weight effects are an indicator of general toxicity in animal studies.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 16
Table 2: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals without California Public Health Goals
Chemical Health Risk Category1
US EPA
MCLG2
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk3
at the
MCLG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Dichloroacetic
acid (DCA)
Carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0 0 none NA
Trichloroacetic
acid (TCA)
hepatotoxicity
(harms the liver)
0.02 NA none NA
Monobromoacetic
acid (MBA)
NA none NA none NA
Dibromoacetic
acid (DBA)
NA none NA none NA
Total haloacetic
acids (sum of
MCA, DCA, TCA,
MBA, and DBA)
general toxicity,
hepatotoxicity and
carcinogenicity
(causes body and organ
weight changes, harms
the liver and causes
cancer)
none NA 0.06 NA
Radionuclides
Gross alpha
particles9
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0 (210Po
included)
0 15 pCi/L10
(includes
radium but
not radon
and
uranium)
up to 1x10-3
(for 210Po,
the most
potent alpha
emitter)
9 MCLs for gross alpha and beta particles are screening standards for a group of radionuclides.
Corresponding PHGs were not developed for gross alpha and beta particles. See the OEHHA memoranda discussing the cancer risks at these MCLs at
http://www.oehha.ca.gov/water/reports/grossab.html. 10 pCi/L = picocuries per liter of water.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Water Toxicology Section
February 2022 17
Table 2: Health Risk Categories and Cancer Risk Values for Chemicals without California Public Health Goals
Chemical Health Risk Category1
US EPA
MCLG2
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk3
at the
MCLG
California
MCL4
(mg/L)
Cancer
Risk at the
California
MCL
Beta particles
and photon
emitters9
carcinogenicity
(causes cancer)
0 (
210Pb
included)
0 50 pCi/L
(judged
equiv. to 4
mrem/yr)
up to 2x10-3
(for 210Pb,
the most
potent betaemitter)
Water Utilities Bureau April 29, 2022 31 | P a g e
EHIBIT 4
DESCRIPTION OF COST ESTIMATE
ATTACHMENT NO. 3
Table 1
Reference: 2012 ACWA PHG Survey
COST ESTIMATES FOR TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
(INCLUDES ANNUALIZED CAPITAL AND O&M COSTS)
No. Treatment
Technology Source of Information
Estimated Unit Cost
2012 ACWA Survey
Indexed to 2021*
($/1,000 gallons treated)
1 Ion Exchange Coachella Valley WD, for GW, to reduce Arsenic concentrations. 2011 costs. 2.40
2 Ion Exchange City of Riverside Public Utilities, for GW, for Perchlorate treatment. 1.16
3 Ion Exchange
Carollo Engineers, anonymous utility, 2012 costs for
treating GW source for Nitrates. Design souce water
concentration: 88 mg/L NO3. Design finished water
concentration: 45 mg/L NO3. Does not include
concentrate disposal or land cost. 0.88
4 Granular
Activated Carbon
City of Riverside Public Utilities, GW sources, for TCE, DBCP (VOC, SOC) treatment.
0.58 5 Granular
Activated Carbon
Carollo Engineers, anonymous utility, 2012 costs for
treating SW source for TTHMs. Design souce water
concentration: 0.135 mg/L. Design finished water
concentration: 0.07 mg/L. Does not include concentrate
disposal or land cost. 0.42
6 Granular
Activated Carbon,
Liquid Phase
LADWP, Liquid Phase GAC treatment at Tujunga Well
field. Costs for treating 2 wells. Treament for 1,1 DCE (VOC). 2011-2012 costs.
1.78 7 Reverse Osmosis
Carollo Engineers, anonymous utility, 2012 costs for
treating GW source for Nitrates. Design souce water
concentration: 88 mg/L NO3. Design finished water
concentration: 45 mg/L NO3. Does not include
concentrate disposal or land cost. 0.94
8 Packed Tower
Aeration
City of Monrovia, treatment to reduce TCE, PCE
concentrations. 2011-12 costs. 0.52
9 Ozonation+
Chemical addition
SCVWD, STWTP treatment plant includes chemical
addition + ozone generation costs to reduce THM/HAAs
concentrations. 2009-2012 costs. 0.11
COST ESTIMATES FOR TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
(INCLUDES ANNUALIZED CAPITAL AND O&M COSTS)
No. Treatment
Technology Source of Information
Estimated Unit Cost
2012 ACWA Survey
Indexed to 2021*
($/1,000 gallons treated)
10 Ozonation+
Chemical addition
SCVWD, PWTP treatment plant includes chemical
addition + ozone generation costs to reduce THM/HAAs
concentrations, 2009-2012 costs. 0.23
11 Coagulation/Filtra
tion
Soquel WD, treatment to reduce manganese
concentrations in GW. 2011 costs. 0.88
12 Coagulation/Filtra
tion Optimization
San Diego WA, costs to reduce THM/Bromate,
Turbidity concentrations, raw SW a blend of State
Water Project water and Colorado River water, treated
at Twin Oaks Valley WTP. 1.00
13 Blending (Well) Rancho California WD, GW blending well, 1150 gpm, to reduce fluoride concentrations. 0.83
14 Blending (Wells) Rancho California WD, GW blending wells, to reduce arsenic concentrations, 2012 costs. 0.68
15 Blending Rancho California WD, using MWD water to blend with GW to reduce arsenic concentrations. 2012 costs. 0.81
16 Corrosion
Inhibition
Atascadero Mutual WC, corrosion inhibitor addition to
control aggressive water. 2011 costs. 0.10
*Costs were adjusted from date of original estimates to present, where appropriate, using the Engineering News Record (ENR) annual average Construction Cost Index of 12,1332021
ATTACHMENT NO. 3
Table 2
Reference: Other Agencies
COST ESTIMATES FOR TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
(INCLUDES ANNUALIZED CAPITAL AND O&M COSTS)
No. Treatment
Technology Source of Information
Estimated 2012 Unit Cost
Indexed to 2021* ($/1,000
gallons treated)
1 Reduction -
CoagulationFiltration
Reference: February 28, 2013, Final Report
Chromium Removal Research, City of Glendale,
CA. 100-2000 gpm. Reduce Hexavalent
Chromium to 1 ppb.
1.91 - 11.96
2 IX - Weak Base
Anion Resin
Reference: February 28, 2013, Final Report
Chromium Removal Research, City of Glendale,
CA. 100-2000 gpm. Reduce Hexavalent
Chromium to 1 ppb.
1.96 – 8.19
3 IX Golden State Water Co., IX w/disposable resin, 1
MGD, Perchlorate removal, built in 2010. 0.60
4 IX
Golden State Water Co., IX w/disposable resin,
1000 gpm, perchlorate removal (Proposed; O&M
estimated).
1.31 5 IX
Golden State Water Co., IX with brine
regeneration, 500 gpm for Selenium removal, built
in 2007.
8.57 6 GFO/Adsorption
Golden State Water Co., Granular Ferric Oxide
Resin, Arsenic removal, 600 gpm, 2 facilities, built
in 2006.
2.24 - 2.39
7 RO
Reference: Inland Empire Utilities Agency : Chino
Basin Desalter. RO cost to reduce 800 ppm TDS,
150 ppm Nitrate (as NO3); approx. 7 mgd.
2.93 8 IX
Reference: Inland Empire Utilities Agency : Chino
Basin Desalter. IX cost to reduce 150 ppm Nitrate
(as NO3); approx. 2.6 mgd.
1.63
9 Packed Tower
Aeration
Reference: Inland Empire Utilities Agency : Chino
Basin Desalter. PTA-VOC air stripping, typical
treated flow of approx. 1.6 mgd.
0.49 10 IX
Reference: West Valley WD Report, for Water
Recycling Funding Program, for 2.88 mgd
treatment facility. IX to remove Perchlorate,
Perchlorate levels 6-10 ppb. 2008 costs.
0.68 - 0.97
11 Coagulation
Filtration
Reference: West Valley WD, includes capital,
O&M costs for 2.88 mgd treatment facility- Layne
Christensen packaged coagulation Arsenic
removal system. 2009-2012 costs.
0.45 12 FBR
Reference: West Valley WD/Envirogen design
data for the O&M + actual capitol costs, 2.88 mgd
fluidized bed reactor (FBR) treatment system,
Perchlorate and Nitrate removal, followed by
multimedia filtration & chlorination, 2012. NOTE:
The capitol cost for the treatment facility for the
first 2,000 gpm is $23 million annualized over 20
years with ability to expand to 4,000 gpm with
minimal costs in the future. $17 million funded
through state and federal grants with the
remainder funded by WVWD and the City of
Rialto.
2.02 – 2.13
* Costs were adjusted from date of original estimates to present, where appropriate, using the Engineering News Record (ENR) annual average Construction Cost Index of 12,133 for 2021. .
ATTACHMENT NO. 3
Table 3
Reference: Updated 2012 ACWA Cost of Treatment Table
COST ESTIMATES FOR TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
(INCLUDES ANNUALIZED CAPITAL AND O&M COSTS)
No. Treatment
Technology Source of Information
Estimated 2012 Unit
Cost Indexed to 2021*
($/1,000 gallons treated)
1 Granular Activated
Carbon
Reference: Malcolm Pirnie estimate for California Urban Water Agencies, large surface water treatment plants
treating water from the State Water Project to meet
Stage 2 D/DBP and bromate regulation, 1998
0.69 - 1.31
2 Granular Activated
Carbon
Reference: Carollo Engineers, estimate for VOC
treatment (PCE), 95% removal of PCE, Oct. 1994,1900
gpm design capacity
0.32 3 Granular Activated
Carbon
Reference: Carollo Engineers, est. for a large No. Calif. surf. water treatment plant ( 90 mgd capacity) treating water from the State Water Project, to reduce THM
precursors, ENR construction cost index = 6262 (San
Francisco area) - 1992
1.51 4 Granular Activated
Carbon
Reference: CH2M Hill study on San Gabriel Basin, for
135 mgd central treatment facility for VOC and SOC
removal by GAC, 1990
0.59 - 0.86
5 Granular Activated
Carbon
Reference: Southern California Water Co. - actual data
for "rented" GAC to remove VOCs (1,1-DCE), 1.5 mgd
capacity facility, 1998
2.71 6 Granular Activated
Carbon
Reference: Southern California Water Co. - actual data
for permanent GAC to remove VOCs (TCE), 2.16 mgd
plant capacity, 1998
1.75 7 Reverse Osmosis
Reference: Malcolm Pirnie estimate for California Urban Water Agencies, large surface water treatment plants
treating water from the State Water Project to meet
Stage 2 D/DBP and bromate regulation, 1998
2.036 –
3.89 8 Reverse Osmosis
Reference: Boyle Engineering, RO cost to reduce 1000
ppm TDS in brackish groundwater in So. Calif., 1.0 mgd
plant operated at 40% of design flow, high brine line cost, May 1991
4.80 9 Reverse Osmosis
Reference: Boyle Engineering, RO cost to reduce 1000
ppm TDS in brackish groundwater in So. Calif., 1.0 mgd
plant operated at 100% of design flow, high brine line
cost, May 1991
2.96 10 Reverse Osmosis
Reference: Boyle Engineering, RO cost to reduce 1000
ppm TDS in brackish groundwater in So. Calif., 10.0
mgd plant operated at 40% of design flow, high brine line cost, May 1991
3.20 COST ESTIMATES FOR TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
(INCLUDES ANNUALIZED CAPITAL AND O&M COSTS)
Office of
Environm
ental
No. Treatment
Technology Source of Information
Estimated 2012 Unit
Cost Indexed to 2021*
($/1,000 gallons treated)
11 Reverse Osmosis
Reference: Boyle Engineering, RO cost to reduce 1000
ppm TDS in brackish groundwater in So. Calif., 10.0 mgd plant operated at 100% of design flow, high brine line
cost, May 1991
2.48 12 Reverse Osmosis
Reference: Arsenic Removal Study, City of Scottsdale,
AZ - CH2M Hill, for a 1.0 mgd plant operated at 40% of
design capacity, Oct. 1991
8.04 13 Reverse Osmosis
Reference: Arsenic Removal Study, City of Scottsdale,
AZ - CH2M Hill, for a 1.0 mgd plant operated at 100% of design capacity, Oct. 1991
4.75 14 Reverse Osmosis
Reference: Arsenic Removal Study, City of Scottsdale,
AZ - CH2M Hill, for a 10.0 mgd plant operated at 40% of design capacity, Oct. 1991
3.55 15 Reverse Osmosis
Reference: Arsenic Removal Study, City of Scottsdale,
AZ - CH2M Hill, for a 10.0 mgd plant operated at 100%
of design capacity, Oct. 1991
2.20 16 Reverse Osmosis
Reference: CH2M Hill study on San Gabriel Basin, for
135 mgd central treatment facility with RO to remove
nitrate, 1990
2.22 - 3.89
17 Packed Tower
Aeration
Reference: Analysis of Costs for Radon Removal...
(AWWARF publication), Kennedy/Jenks, for a 1.4 mgd
facility operating at 40% of design capacity, Oct. 1991
1.27 18 Packed Tower
Aeration
Reference: Analysis of Costs for Radon Removal...
(AWWARF publication), Kennedy/Jenks, for a 14.0 mgd
facility operating at 40% of design capacity, Oct. 1991
0.68 19 Packed Tower
Aeration
Reference: Carollo Engineers, estimate for VOC
treatment (PCE) by packed tower aeration, without offgas treatment, O&M costs based on operation during 329 days/year at 10% downtime, 16 hr/day air stripping
operation, 1900 gpm design capacity, Oct. 1994
0.34 20 Packed Tower
Aeration
Reference: Carollo Engineers, for PCE treatment by
Ecolo-Flo Enviro-Tower air stripping, without off-gas
treatment, O&M costs based on operation during 329
days/year at 10% downtime, 16 hr/day air stripping
operation, 1900 gpm design capacity, Oct. 1994
0.35 21 Packed Tower
Aeration
Reference: CH2M Hill study on San Gabriel Basin, for
135 mgd central treatment facility - packed tower
aeration for VOC and radon removal, 1990
0.55 - 0.90
COST ESTIMATES FOR TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
(INCLUDES ANNUALIZED CAPITAL AND O&M COSTS)
Office of
Environm
ental
No. Treatment
Technology Source of Information
Estimated 2012 Unit
Cost Indexed to 2021*
($/1,000 gallons treated)
22 Advanced
Oxidation
Processes
Reference: Carollo Engineers, estimate for VOC
treatment (PCE) by UV Light, Ozone, Hydrogen
Peroxide, O&M costs based on operation during 329
days/year at 10% downtime, 24 hr/day AOP operation,
1900 gpm capacity, Oct. 1994
0.67 23 Ozonation
Reference: Malcolm Pirnie estimate for CUWA, large
surface water treatment plants using ozone to treat water from the State Water Project to meet Stage 2 D/DBP and
bromate regulation, Cryptosporidium inactivation
requirements,1998
0.15 - 0.32
24 Ion Exchange
Reference: CH2M Hill study on San Gabriel Basin, for
135 mgd central treatment facility - ion exchange to
remove nitrate, 1990
0.73 - 0.97
* Costs were adjusted from date of original estimates to present, where appropriate, using the Engineering News Record (ENR) annual average Construction Cost Index of 12,133 for 2021.
Water Utilities Bureau April 29, 2022 38 | P a g e
EXHIBIT 5
CITY OF BEVERLY HILLS – WATER UTILITIES BUREAU
2019, 2020, (2021 AVAILABLE JULY 1ST, 2022) CONSUMER CONFIDENCE REPORTS 2019 WATER
QUALITY REPORT
Meeting the Highest Water Quality Standards
A message from
public works
Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
2 Dear Water Customers:
At the time of writing this message in early April 2020, we’re in the thick of the Novel Coronavirus pandemic
response, living in a strange convergence of four worlds:
• The world of TV news and daily press conferences,
which some of us keep proclaiming we’re not going
to watch anymore, only to watch again…and again.
• The world of working from home with conference
calls and Zoom meetings, while tending to kids, dog
and endless dishes and laundry.
• The world of social distancing, masks, gloves, long
lines, empty streets and empty shelves.
• And lastly, the juxtaposed world of nature—abundant
with sunshine, rain, birds, flowers and trees blooming
—that we’re grateful to enjoy, but at the same time
find a bit surreal and confusing.
We certainly have much to ponder and worry about,
but also lots to appreciate in friends, family, coworkers and community.
Clearly, our brave health care workers are on the front lines of this pandemic response. Our first responders—
the men and women in our police and fire departments
—also continue to provide service. Grocery store workers and the grocery supply chain deserve kudos for their
commitment to stay open. You probably haven’t
heard much about Public Works, but please know
that the essential services provided by your Public
Works Department, including water, wastewater, storm
water and solid waste operations have also continued
throughout this pandemic response.
The importance of maintaining high water quality
standards, and the work performed by Public Works staff to carry out this mission, is not diminished during the pandemic response. We would like all customers to know
that existing drinking water regulations are protective against viruses…including the novel coronavirus.
Your Public Works Department team
Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
3 Beverly Hills Water is Safe
There is no current evidence that the COVID-19 virus can survive in drinking water, and no need to use bottled water.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that the spread is primarily through “close person-to-person” contact, which is approximately 6 feet. As you will read in this report, the City of Beverly Hills’ water is sourced from Metropolitan Water District treatment plants, which includes disinfection practices utilizing ozone, chlorine and ammonia to kill bacteria, viruses (including COVID-19) and other pathogens. Furthermore, the City’s Water Operations staff frequently tests and monitors the water throughout the system to make certain that a chlorine residual is
maintained in the water at all times to ensure water is clean and safe for consumption.
The City has planned ahead and is well prepared. Our
Business Continuity Plan ensures ample operations
staff is utilized effectively to operate and monitor water system facilities and take required water quality samples.
Essential Public Works functions including water quality, water distribution, waste water and trash collection is accomplished through the development of multiple shifts, longer work weeks and rotation of work shifts to allow for sufficient “sheltering at home” of critical staff.
Close coordination with our water quality laboratories is maintained to ensure timely sample pickup and analysis.
All required monitoring and reporting to state regulatory agencies are accomplished. All required water system
compliance measures are maintained.
This is all to say, the business of your City’s Water Division successfully goes on. Construction will begin soon on the renovation of the City’s Water Treatment Plant. When
completed in 2021, the City will become more waterresilient, by producing a good share of its water from local groundwater. A new well is currently under construction in conjunction with the pipeline needed to bring the water to the treatment plant. When completed in 2021, the City will have seven wells available from which to draw water.
As we reported last year, our update to the City’s
Sustainable City Plan is underway. Many of you attended a Community Speaker Series in February and March of
this year. Talented subject-matter experts presented
on circular economics, food waste reduction and water
resources. Community members participated in engaging
Q&A sessions and had the opportunity to contribute to the development of the plan.
On behalf of the many committed and
enthusiastic men and women of the
Beverly Hills Public Works Department,
thank you for your continued trust in
allowing us to serve you.
Water is a big part of what we do, but certainly not the only thing. A very talented and dedicated staff of women and men work hard to make sure Beverly Hills’ infrastructure supports the residential and business community in a
manner befitting our world-class city.
Like your efforts to reduce water use continue to be a
team effort, pulling together to be “safer at home” will be successful as well.
Please review this year’s Water Quality Report and feel free to call us with any questions you may have.
Sincerely,
Gil Borboa
Assistant Director of Public Works
Utilities Division
4 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
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5 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
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Public Works
Your tap water met all U.S. EPA and
State drinking water health standards
in 2019. Beverly Hills vigilantly
safeguards its water supplies and once
again, we are proud to report that our
system has never violated a maximum
contaminant level or any other water
quality standard.
The City of Beverly Hills
Public Works Department
values transparency;
we hope you find this
report clear and easy to
understand. If you have any
questions, please call us
at 310.285.2467.
The Consumer Confidence Report
(CCR) is an annual water quality
report that informs you where your
drinking water comes from and
what’s in it.
The focal point of the CCR is a series of tables that list the results of year round monitoring for more than 400
constituents. Included in these tables is the quantity of each constituent found in Beverly Hills’ water supply, how it compares with the allowable state and federal limits, and the constituent’s likely origin. Bottled water is not covered in this report. Only the constituents that are found in Beverly Hills’ water are listed in the data tables.
We encourage you to read this report to learn more about the water provided by Beverly Hills and what the City is doing to ensure the highest quality of water is delivered to you year after year.
The questions and answers on the following pages will
explain the important elements of the data tables and more.
About this Report
6 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
- --
-
•
,ll'; ••
-· . -·
The water from both sources is
first treated at the Weymouth
Filtration Plant in La Verne and
the Joseph Jensen Treatment
Plant in Granada Hills before it is
delivered to Beverly Hills.
Where does Beverly Hills get its water?
Since the Beverly Hills Treatment Plant has been offline for operational improvements, your water supply continues to be provided by Metropolitan Water District (Metropolitan).
Metropolitan imports water supplies from two main sources:
(1) the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers through the State Water Project and (2) the Colorado River via the Colorado River Aqueduct.
State Water Project
About 30 percent of Southern California’s water travels a long distance though a complex delivery system called the California State Water Project. It is the nation’s largest state-built water storage and delivery system of reservoirs, aqueducts, power plants and pumping plants, supplying
water to 25 million Californians and 750,000 acres
of farmland.
Water supplies from Northern California are drawn from
the crossroads of the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers in the Delta region. They are transported in the State Water Project’s 444-mile California Aqueduct and serve urban and agricultural customers in the San Francisco Bay Area, as well as Central and Southern California.
Colorado River
The Colorado River water is conveyed via the 242-mile
Colorado River Aqueduct from Lake Havasu on the
California-Arizona border, to Lake Mathews near Riverside.
Built and operated by Metropolitan, the Colorado River
Aqueduct has been the backbone of Southern California’s imported water supply for more than 70 years. Together
with the State Water Projects, these are the two imported drinking water sources for all of Southern California.
Water Sources
7 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
What is in my drinking water?
Water may contain different types of chemicals, microscopic organisms, and radioactive materials, many of which are naturally occurring. Health agencies require monitoring for these constituents. The column marked “Parameter” in each table beginning on page 17 lists the constituents found in the water Beverly Hills delivers. Your tap water met all U.S.
EPA and State drinking water health standards in 2019.
Beverly Hills vigilantly safeguards its water supplies and once again, we are proud to report that our system has never violated a maximum contaminant level or any other water quality standard.
How are constituents reported?
“Units” describe how a constituent is reported. Usually constituent levels are measured in extremely tiny quantities such as parts per million (ppm), parts per billion (ppb) and in some cases, parts per trillion (ppt). Even small concentrations of certain constituents can be a health
concern. That is why regulatory standards are set at very low levels for certain constituents.
What are the maximum allowed levels for
constituents in drinking water?
Regulatory agencies have maximum contaminant levels
(MCLs) for constituents so that drinking water is safe and looks, tastes and smells good. A few constituents have the letters “TT” (treatment technique) in the MCL column of each table because they do not have a numerical MCL.
Instead, they have certain treatment requirements that have to be met to reduce their levels in drinking water.
One of the constituents, total chlorine residual, has an MRDL (maximum residual disinfectant level) instead of an MCL.
The MRDL is the level of a disinfectant added for water treatment that may not be exceeded at the consumer’s tap.
While disinfectants are necessary to kill harmful microbes, drinking water regulations protect against too much
disinfectant being added.
Another constituent, turbidity, has a requirement that 95 percent of the measurements taken must be below a certain number. Turbidity is a measure of the cloudiness of the water. Metropolitan monitors turbidity because it is a good indicator of the effectiveness of our filtration system.
Why are some of the constituents listed in
the section labeled “Primary Standards” and
others in the “Secondary Standards”?
Constituents that are grouped in the “Primary Standards” section may be unhealthy at certain levels. In general, no health hazard is reasonably expected to occur when levels of a constituent are below a primary MCL.
Constituents that are grouped under the “Secondary
Standards” section can affect the appearance, taste and smell of water, but do not affect the safety of the water unless they also have a primary standard. Some constituents (e.g., aluminum) have two different MCLs, one for healthrelated impacts, and another for non-health-related impacts.
What’s In My
Drinking Water
8 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
What are Public Health Goals [PHGs]
and Maximum Contaminant Level
Goals [MCLGs]?
PHGs and MCLGs are targets or goals set by regulatory
agencies for the water industry. They define a constituent level in water that do not pose any known or expected
risk to health. Often, it is not possible to remove or reduce constituents to the level of PHGs and MCLGs because it is technologically impossible or the cost for treatment is so expensive that it would make tap water unaffordable.
That is why PHGs and MCLGs are considered goals to work toward, and not realistic standards that can be enforced.
Similar goals exist for Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goals (MRDLG).
How do I know how much of a constituent is in
my water and if it is at a safe level?
With a few exceptions, regulatory requirements are
considered satisfied if the average amount of a constituent found in tap water over the course of a year is no greater than the MCL. Some constituents do have special rules
described in the footnotes to the water quality tables. These constituents do not have a numerical MCL, but instead a required Treatment Technique that—when satisfied—is
listed in the Treatment Plant Effluent column of the Imported Water From Metropolitan table.
The highest and very lowest levels measured over a year are shown in the range. Requirements for safety, appearance, taste and smell are based on the average levels recorded and not the range.
Water agencies have specific procedures to follow if a
constituent is found at levels higher than the MCL and
considered a potential threat to public health. Information is shared immediately with the regulatory agencies. The regulatory agencies will determine when and how this
information is shared with the public.
What are the testing results for the water
monitored?
The monitoring results for the two Metropolitan water
treatment plants (Weymouth and Jensen) are listed as well as the monitoring results for the City’s water distribution system and lead and copper samplings from residential taps.
How do constituents get into our water supply?
The most likely source for each constituent is listed in the last column of each table. Some constituents are natural and come from the environment, others come from cities and farms, and some result from the water disinfection process itself. Some chemicals have found their way into California’s water supplies, making water treatment more difficult. Certain industrial processes—like dry cleaning, fireworks and rocket fuel
manufacturing—have left constituents in the environment, as has the use of certain fertilizers and pesticides. Many of these chemicals have since been banned from use.
What’s In My
Drinking Water
9 Potential Sources
of Contamination
Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
Safeguarding our groundwater is
everyone’s responsibility.
Water that enters the storm drain system is not treated and typically carries pollutants caused by urbanized activities.
As a result, polluted waters are carried straight to our local watershed, Ballona Creek, which is a tributary to Santa Monica Bay and affecting the environment. As part of our Stormwater Program, the City of Beverly Hills is currently doing its part to improve water quality:
1. Extensive street sweeping in commercial and
residential areas.
2. Weekly sidewalk pressure washing in the
commercial district.
3. Extensive trash receptacle management program.
4. Cleaning catch basins.
5. Retrofitting catch basins with screens to prevent trash and debris from entering the storm drain system.
6. Inspecting restaurants, gas and car service stations and construction sites that BMPs are in place.
7. Eliminating pollution dumping on streets (illicit
discharge) and eliminating illegal connections to the
storm drain system.
8. Recovering sewer overflows from the storm drain system.
9. Actively participating in regional efforts by implementing the Ballona Creek Enhanced Watershed Management
Program (EWMP) Plan.
10. Educating the community during citywide events.
Are there any potential sources of
contamination in our system?
As you read earlier, water imported by Metropolitan Water District (Metropolitan)—the regional agency that provides water to Beverly Hills—comes from two sources: the Colorado River and Northern California through the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Each has different water quality challenges.
Water from the Colorado River via the Colorado River Aqueduct is considered to be most vulnerable to contamination from recreation, urban/stormwater runoff, increasing urbanization in the watershed, and wastewater. Water supplies from Northern California via the State Water Project are most vulnerable to contamination from urban/stormwater runoff, wildlife, agriculture, recreation, and wastewater.
Large agencies are required by the Division of Drinking Water (DDW) to conduct an initial source water assessment, which is then updated through watershed sanitary surveys every five years. Watershed sanitary surveys examine possible sources of drinking water contamination and recommend actions to better protect these source waters.
The most recent surveys for Metropolitan’s source waters are the Colorado River Watershed Sanitary Survey – 2015 Update, and the State Water Project Watershed Sanitary Survey – 2016 Update. You can request a copy of the most recent Watershed Sanitary Surveys by calling Metropolitan at 213.217.6000.
The Drinking Water Source Assessment and Protection
(DWSAP) Program conducted a source water assessment in
August 2000 and completed the report on May 2001 for each groundwater well.
Groundwater sources are considered most vulnerable to the following activities not associated with detected contaminants:
dry cleaning operations, park areas, residential housing, historical railroad rights-of-way, vehicle repair shops, gasoline stations, confirmed leaking underground storage tanks, utility station, parking lots, and government equipment storage areas.
A copy of the assessment may be viewed at:
DDW Los Angeles District Office
500 N. Central Ave., Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203
You may request a summary of the assessment be sent to
you by contacting the DDW Los Angeles District Office at 818.551.2004. For more details, contact Jason W. Dyogi, Water Quality Specialist, at 310.285.2467.
10 Source water
protection is an
important issue for
all of California.
Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some
contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not
necessarily indicate that the water poses a health risk.
More information about contaminants and potential
health effects can be obtained by calling the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (U.S. EPA) Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 800.426.4791.
The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally-occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity. Contaminants that may be present in source water include:
Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria,
which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic
systems, agricultural livestock operations and wildlife.
Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals,
that can be naturally-occurring or result from urban
stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater
discharges, oil and gas production, mining or farming.
Pesticides and herbicides that may come from a
variety of sources such as agriculture, urban stormwater runoff, and residential uses.
Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic
and volatile organic chemicals, that are byproducts of
industrial processes and petroleum production, and can
also come from gas stations, urban stormwater runoffs,
agricultural application, and septic systems.
Radioactive contaminants that can be naturally
occurring or be the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.
In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the State Water Resources Control Board (State Board) prescribe
regulations that limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. State Board
regulations also establish limits for contaminants in bottled water that provide the same protection for public health.
Additional information on bottled water is available on the California Department of Public Health website at
www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CEH/DFDCS/Pages/
FDBPrograms/FoodSafetyProgram/WaterFAQs.aspx.
Water &
Your Health
11 People with Weakened
Immune Systems
Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants
in drinking water than the general population.
Immuno-compromised persons such as those with
cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have
undergone organ transplants or have HIV/AIDS or other
immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can
be particularly at risk from infections.
These people should seek advice about drinking water
from their health care providers. U.S. EPA/Centers for
Disease Control guidelines on appropriate means to
lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and
other microbial contaminants are available from the
Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 800.426.4791.
Why Additional Chemicals
Are Added To Your Water.
To Disinfect.
Chloramines. The City is required to disinfect your water to prevent waterborne pathogens by using chloramines, a compound of chlorine and ammonia. This type of disinfectant is very stable and reduces the formation of disinfection byproducts in your water. We carefully monitor the amount of chloramine disinfectant to protect the safety of your water.
Chloraminated water is safe for people and animals to drink, and for all other general uses. Three special user groups, including kidney dialysis patients, aquarium owners, and businesses or industries that use water in their treatment process, must remove chloramine from the water prior
to use. Hospitals or dialysis centers should be aware of chloramine in the water and should install proper chloramine removal equipment, such as dual carbon adsorption units.
Aquarium owners should use readily available products to remove or neutralize chloramine. Businesses and industries that use water in any manufacturing process or for food or beverage preparation should contact their water treatment equipment supplier regarding special equipment needs.
To Improve Dental Health.
Fluoride. For 70 years, Americans have benefited from
drinking water with fluoride, leading to better dental health.
Drinking fluoridated water keeps teeth strong and reduces cavities by about 25% in children and adults. Because of these health benefits, the State of California has mandated all large system water suppliers to begin fluoridating their water systems.
The City of Beverly Hills and Metropolitan adjust the natural fluoride concentration in the water to promote dental health.
The fluoride levels in your water are maintained within a range of 0.6 to 1.2 parts per million, as required by the Division of Drinking Water. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention named community water fluoridation one of 10 great public health achievements of the 20th century.
For more information about fluoridation, oral health, and current issues, you can visit the State Board’s fluoridation website at www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/ drinkingwater/Fluoridation.shtml.
Additional Information
of Interest
12 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
If you are concerned
about fluoride in your
drinking water, additional
information is available
from the Center of
Disease Control at:
www.cdc.gov/OralHealth/
and the American Dental
Association at
www.ada.org/fluoride.aspx.
Keeping Your Fish Healthy & Safe
Adding tap water with chlorine or chloramine
to a tank can kill off fish quickly. It can also kill
off important bio-filter bacteria. To keep your
fish healthy and safe, be sure to specially treat
your tap water before using it in your fresh or
salt-water aquarium or pond.
Lead
If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young
children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home
plumbing. The City of Beverly Hills is responsible for
providing high quality drinking water, but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When
your water has been sitting for several hours, you minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you do so, you may wish to collect the flushed water and reuse it for another beneficial purpose, such as watering plants.
If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the U.S. EPA Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 800.426.4791 or at www.epa.gov/lead.
Lead In Residential Plumbing
Homes built prior to 1986, which have had no plumbing
upgrades, may have higher than acceptable lead levels in drinking water. Homes built after 1986, when laws were
passed restricting the lead content of faucets and pipes, do not pose the same risk.
Additional Information
of Interest
13 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
You will find two tables, one for each
of the following water sources:
• Metropolitan Treated Surface Water
• Beverly Hills Distribution System
Readers’ Guide to
the Water Quality Tables
14 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
The column marked “Parameter”
lists the substances found in the
water Beverly Hills delivers.
MCL is the highest level of substance
(contaminant) allowed.
PHG (or MCLG) is the goal level for
that substance below which there is no
known or expected health risk (this may
be lower than what is allowed).
Range Average is the highest and lowest
levels measured over a year.
The monitoring results of a substance at
each treatment plant.
Major Sources in Drinking Water tells
you where the constituent
usually originates.
Note: “Unregulated Constituents” are
measured, but maximum allowed
contaminant (MCL) levels have not been
established by the government.
For each table, begin with the
Constituent and read across.
1 2
3 4
5 6
Quality Standards
Primary Standards
Mandatory health-related standards that may cause health problems in drinking water. MCLs and MRDLs are listed for contaminants that affect health along with their monitoring, reporting, and water treatment requirements.
Secondary Standards
Aesthetic standards (non health-related) that could cause odor, taste, or appearance problems in drinking water.
Unregulated Contaminants
Information about contaminants that are monitored, but are not currently regulated by state and federal health agencies.
Terms & Abbreviations
Constituents or Parameter
Components or elements found in drinking water.
Locational Running Annual Average (LRAA)
The highest LRAA is the highest of all Locational Running Annual Averages calculated as average of all samples
collected within a 12-month period.
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)
The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in
drinking water. Primary MCLs are set as close to the PHGs (or MCLGs) as is economically and technologically feasible.
Secondary MCLs are set to protect the odor, taste, and
appearance of drinking water.
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG)
The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs are set by the U.S. EPA.
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL)
The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water.
There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG)
The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not
reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.
Public Health Goal (PHG)
The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. PHGs are set by the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA).
Primary Drinking Water Standard (PDWS)
MCLs, MRDLs and treatment techniques (TTs) for
contaminants that affect health, along with their monitoring and reporting requirements.
Range
Results based on minimum and maximum values; range and
average values are the same for samples collected once or twice annually.
Regulatory Action Level (AL)
The concentration of a contaminant, which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements that a water system must follow.
Running Annual Average (RAA)
The highest RAA is the highest of all Running Annual
Averages calculated as average of all samples collected within a 12-month period.
Treatment Technique (TT)
A required process intended to reduce the level of a
contaminant in drinking water.
Glossary
15 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
Refer to this glossary
to understand the
terms, abbreviations,
quality standards and
measurements used
in the data tables.
I
,,
Additional Abbreviations
AI = Aggressiveness Index
CaCO3 = Calcium Carbonate
CCPP = Calcium Carbonate
Precipitation Potential
CFE = Combined Filter Effluent
CFU = Colony-Forming Units
DLR = Detection Limits for Purposes
of Reporting
HAA5 = Sum of Five Haloacetic Acids
HPC = Heterotrophic Plate Count
NA = Not Applicable
ND = Not Detected at or above DLR or RL
NL = Notification Level to SWRCB
SWRCB = State Water Resources Control Board
TON = Threshold Odor Number
SI = Saturation Index (Langelier)
Glossary
16 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
Parts per million, billion or trillion
are ways to measure tiny amounts
of something in water or air. It is a
microscopic measurement where a
part-per-trillion (ppt) is the equivalent
of four grains of sugar dissolved in an
Olympic-size swimming pool.
1 Part per trillion (ppt)
20 Olympic-sized
Swimming Pools
IS EQUIVALENT TO
A SINGLE DROP
OF WATER IN
Measurements
Beverly Hills conducts extensive sampling and testing to ensure your water meets all water quality standards. In 2019, over 185 contaminants were evaluated at various
sampling points throughout the City’s water system, all of which were below state and federal maximum
allowable levels.
Most contaminants are measured in:
• Million fibers per liter (MFL)
• Parts per million (ppm) or milligrams per liter (mg/L) • Parts per billion (ppb) or micrograms per liter (μg/L) • Parts per trillion (ppt) or nanograms per liter (ng/L) • Parts per quadrillion (ppq) or pictograms per liter
• PicoCuries per liter (pCi/L)
A measurement of radioactivity in water.
• MicroSiemen per centimeter (μS/cm) or
Micromho per centimeter (μmho/cm)
• Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU)
A measurement of the clarity of water.
Turbidity in excess of 5 NTU is noticeable
to the average person.
17 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
Parameter Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Weymouth
Plant
Jensen
Plant
Range
Average
State
DLR (RL) PHG
State and
Federal
Standards
MCL ‡
Units
PRIMARY STANDARDS—Mandatory Health-Related Standards
CLARITY
NTU Highest 0.06 0.04
% % <= 0.3 100 100
MICROBIOLOGICAL (b)
5.0 Range
Average
0 Range ND - 1
Median ND
Range
Average
Range
Average
ORGANIC CHEMICALS (Volatile Organic Compounds)
INORGANIC CHEMICALS
Range ND - 290 ND -110
Highest RAA 58 122
Range 0.4 – 0.8 0.6 – 0.9
Average 0.7 0.7
Range
Average
RADIOLOGICALS (l)
Range ND - 3
Average ND
Range ND - 1
Average ND
DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS, DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS, AND DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT PRECURSORS (m) Range 12 - 21 14 - 31
Highest LRAA 17 27
R20 50 ND 90
ppb 80NA 1.0 Byproduct of drinking water
chlorination
pCi/L 15 MCLG = 03 ND Runoff/leaching from
natural deposits
ND Runoff/leaching from
natural deposits pCi/L 20 0.43 1
ppm 10 10 0.4
ppb 1,000 600 50
Residue from water treatment
process; natural deposits
erosion
Erosion of natural deposits;
water additive that promotes
strong teeth; discharge from
fertilizer and aluminum
factories
ppm 2.0 1 0.1
Runoff and leaching from
fertilizer use; septic tank and
sewage; natural deposits
erosion
0.5 0.5
ND ND
ND Human and animal fecal waste
ND - 64
ND
Naturally present in the
environment
oocysts/200 L
ND Human and animal fecal waste
cysts/200 LTT
TT MCLG = 0 (1) ND
ND ND Naturally present in the
environment
Soil runoff
CFU/mLTTNA
MCLG = 0NA
TT NA NA
(1)
MCLG = 0NAND
Number of
Positive
Samples
% Positive
Monthly
Number
MCLG = 0 (1) Human and animal fecal waste
Nitrate (as Nitrogen)
Gross Alpha Particle
Activity
Uranium
Total Trihalomethanes
(TTHM) (Plant Core
Locations and
Distribution System)
Sum of Five Haloacetic
Fluoride (k)
Giardia
Heterotrophic Plate
Count (HPC) Bacteria (e)
Escherichia coli (E. coli)
(d)
Combined Filter Effluent
(CFE) Turbidity (a)
Total Coliform
Bacteria (c)
Cryptosporidium
Aluminum (h)
Range
Average
0.6 Discharge from petroleum
and chemical refineries Toluene ppb 150 150 0.5 ND
1 23 45 6
Imported Water From Metropolitan Water District
2019 WATER
QUALITY TABLES
18 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
Parameter Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Weymouth
Plant
Jensen
Plant
Range
Average
State
DLR (RL) PHGUnits
State and
Federal
Standards
MCL ‡
1 23 45 6
Imported Water From Metropolitan Water District (cont.) ORGANIC CHEMICALS (Volatile Organic Compounds)
INORGANIC CHEMICALS
Range ND - 290 ND -110
Highest RAA 58 122
Range 0.4 – 0.8 0.6 – 0.9
Average 0.7 0.7
Range
Average
RADIOLOGICALS (l)
Range ND - 3
Average ND
Range ND - 1
Average ND
DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS, DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS, AND DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT PRECURSORS (m) Range 12 - 21 14 - 31
Highest LRAA 17 27
Range 2.0 - 5.0 ND - 9.0
Highest LRAA 3.4 6.0
Range 1.6 - 8.4 ND - 8.1
Highest RAA 5.6 1.9
Range 2.0–2.5 1.7 - 2.6
Highest RAA 2.3 2.4
Range ND - 290 ND - 110
Highest RAA 58 122
Range 62 46 - 55
Average 50
Range 1 - 2 ND - 1
Average 2ND
(1) Naturally-occurring organic
materials
(2) Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits; seawater influence
Color Units 15 NA
NA
NA 0.30
Various natural and manmade sources; TOC is a
precursor for the formation
of disinfection byproducts
ppb 200 600
ppm TT
ppb 10 0.1 1.0 Byproduct of drinking water
ozonation
50 Residue from water treatment
process; natural deposits
erosion
ppm 500
ppb 80
1.0 Byproduct of drinking water
chlorination
NA 1.0 Byproduct of drinking water
chlorination
ppb 60 NA
pCi/L 15 MCLG = 03 ND Runoff/leaching from
natural deposits
ND Runoff/leaching from
natural deposits pCi/L 20 0.43 1
0.4ppm 10 10
ppb 1,000 600 50
Residue from water treatment
process; natural deposits
erosion
Erosion of natural deposits;
water additive that promotes
strong teeth; discharge from
fertilizer and aluminum
factories
ppm 2.0 1 0.1
Runoff and leaching from
fertilizer use; septic tank and
sewage; natural deposits
erosion
0.5 0.5
Nitrate (as Nitrogen)
Gross Alpha Particle
Activity
Uranium
Total Organic Carbon
(TOC)
Chloride
Color
Total Trihalomethanes
(TTHM) (Plant Core
Locations and
Distribution System)
Sum of Five Haloacetic
Acids (HAA5) (Plant Core
Locations and
Distribution System)
Aluminum (h)
Bromate (n)
Fluoride (k)
SECONDARY STANDARDS—Aesthetic Standards
Aluminum (h)
Range
Average
0.6 Discharge from petroleum
and chemical refineries Toluene ppb 150 150 0.5 ND
Range ND 243
Average
100 Leaching from natural
deposits; industrial wastes Iron ppb 300 NA
Range ND - 1
Average ND
Range 471 - 505 435 - 503
Average 488 469
Range 56 - 62 65 - 81
Average 59 73
Range 280 - 286 244 - 289
Average 283 266
GENERAL MINERALS
Range 80 - 84 67 - 70
Average 82 68
Range 26 - 28 23 - 27
Average 27 25
Range 112 - 117 101 - 116
A114 108
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits; sum of
polyvalentcations,
generally magnesium and
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits
ppm NA NA (1)
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits
ppm NA NA (1)
Runoff/leaching of natural
deposits; carbonate,
bicarbonate, hydroxide,
and occasionally borate,
silicate, and phosphate
ppm NA NA (0.1)
µS/cm 1,600 NA
0.5 Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits; industrial wastes
NA Substances that form ions in
water; seawater influence
ppm 500 NA
11 Naturally-occurring organic
materials TON 3NA
ppm 1,000 NA (2)
OTHER PARAMETERS
Alkalinity (as CaCO3)
Calcium
Hardness (as CaCO3)
Specific Conductance
Sulfate
Odor Threshold (o)
Total Dissolved Solids,
Filterable (TDS) (p)
- .
•
. • • 0
.. ".:: .. • • • 0
. ··� • · . " ' • .o < . -� • -
19 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
Parameter Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Weymouth
Plant
Jensen
Plant
Range
Average
State
DLR (RL) Units PHG
State and
Federal
Standards
MCL ‡
1 23 45 6
Imported Water From Metropolitan Water District (cont.) Average 2ND
()
materials
Range ND 243
Average
100 Leaching from natural
deposits; industrial wastes Iron ppb 300 NA
Range ND - 1
Average ND
Range 471 - 505 435 - 503
Average 488 469
Range 56 - 62 65 - 81
Average 59 73
Range 280 - 286 244 - 289
Average 283 266
GENERAL MINERALS
Range 80 - 84 67 - 70
Average 82 68
Range 26 - 28 23 - 27
Average 27 25
Range 112 - 117 101 - 116
Average 114 108
Range 12 - 13 11 - 12
Average 12 12
Range 2.72.2 - 2.7
Average 2.4
Range 51 - 54 46 - 54
Average 52 50
UNREGULATED CONTAMINANTS
Range
Average
MISCELLANEOUS (s)
Range 1.1 - 3.5 1.1 - 7.3
Average 2.0 2.6
Range
Average
Range 12.1 - 12.2
Average 12.1
Range 0.28 - 0.46 0.34 - 0.38
Average 0.37 0.36
Range 8.4 - 8.5
Average 8.4
8.5 Range 257 - 289 246 - 606
Average 276 352
Range 8.2 - 39 9.7 - 30
Average 12 17
12.1 - 12.3
12.2 Elemental balance in water;
affected by temperature,
other factors
Elemental balance in water;
affected by temperature,
other factors
AI NA
Runoff/leaching from
natural deposits
Elemental balance in water;
affected by temperature,
other factors
ppb NL = 800 NA 20 ND 42
NA
Byproduct of drinking water
chlorination
Byproduct of drinking water
chlorination; industrial
processes
NA NA
NA NA
ppb 80 NA 1.0
pH Units NA NA
SI NA NA
ppm
NA
NA
1,000 NA NA
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits; industrial wastes 160 120
ppm NA NA (0.2)
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits; sum of
polyvalentcations,
generally magnesium and
calcium present in the water
ppm NA NA (0.01)
Salt present in the water;
naturally-occurring
ppb NL = 1,000 NA 100
Salt present in the water;
naturally-occurring
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits
ppm NA NA (1)
ppm NA NA (1)
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits
ppm NA NA (1)
Runoff/leaching of natural
deposits; carbonate,
bicarbonate, hydroxide,
and occasionally borate,
silicate, and phosphate
ppm NA NA (0.1)
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits
µS/cm 1,600 NA
0.5 Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits; industrial wastes
NA Substances that form ions in
water; seawater influence
ppm 500 NA
11 Naturally-occurring organic
materials TON 3NA
ppm 1,000 NA (2)
pH
Chlorate
OTHER PARAMETERS
Alkalinity (as CaCO3)
Calcium
Hardness (as CaCO3)
Magnesium
Potassium
Sodium
Boron
ppm NA
Specific Conductance
Sulfate
Odor Threshold (o)
Total Dissolved Solids,
Filterable (TDS) (p)
Calcium Carbonate
Precipitation Potential
(CCPP) (as CaCO3) (t)
Corrosivity (as
Aggressiveness
Index) (u)
Corrosivity (as Saturation
Index) (v)
Range 1.5 - 4.9ND - 6.7
Average 2.8 2.8
Byproduct of drinking water
chlorination ppb 60 NA 1.0 Sum of Five Haloacetic
Acids (HAA5) (x)
Total Dissolved Solids
Calculated (TDS) (w)
Total Trihalomethanes
(TTHM) (x)
20 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
Lead and Copper Results at Residential Taps
Beverly Hills Distribution System
5.0 Range
Average
0 Range 0.6 - 0.8
Average 0.7
Range ND - 0.105
Average 0.005
Range 14 - 41
Highest
LRAA
Highest
LRAA
28.3 Range 4.2 - 10.6
8.4 Range 0.2 - 2.6
Highest RAA 1.8
Range ND - 4
Average ND
Range ND - 2
Average ND
Range ND - 0.38
Average 0.05
Total Coliform
Bacteria (c)
PRIMARY STANDARDS—Mandatory Health-Related Standards
SECONDARY STANDARDS—Aesthetic Standards
MICROBIOLOGICAL (b)
INORGANIC CHEMICALS
DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS, DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS, AND DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT PRECURSORS (m) % Positive
Monthly
Samples
MCLG = 0NA
Number MCLG = 0NA
ND
ND
Number of
Positive
Samples
1 0.1
Runoff and leaching from natural deposits;
water additive that promotes strong teeth;
discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.
Human and animal fecal waste
Naturally present in the environment
Total Chlorine
Residual
ppb 60 NA 1.0
Naturally-occurring organic materials
NA Soil runoff
1 (1) Naturally-occurring organic materials
Drinking water disinfectant added
for treatment (0.05)
Byproduct of drinking water chlorination
Byproduct of drinking water chlorination
NTU TT NA
TON
Sum of Five
Haloacetic Acids
(HAA5)
Combined Filter
Effluent (CFE)
Turbidity (a)
3NAOdor Threshold (o)
Color Units 15 NAColor
ppm MRDL = 4.0 MRDL = 4.0
Escherichia coli
(E. coli) (d)
Fluoride (k)
Nitrite (as Nitrogen)
Total Trihalomethanes
(Distribution System)
(Distribution System)
(TTHM) 1.0
Runoff and leaching from fertilizer use;
septic tank and sewage; runoff and leaching
from natural deposits
ppm 11 0.4
ppb 80 NA
ppm 2.0
Parameter Major Sources in Drinking Water Distribution
System
Range
Average
State
DLR (RL) PHGUnits
State and
Federal
Standards
MCL ‡
1 23 45 6
Parameter
Number of
Samples
collected
Sample
Date
Units PHG
90th
Percentile
Value
Sites
Exceeding AL
No. of Sites
AL
Violations?
Copper (j) 32 2017 ppb AL = 1300 300 1560 NO
Lead (j) 32 2017 ppb AL =15 0.2 4.54 0NO
Major Sources in Drinking Water
Internal corrosion of household pipes;
runoff and leaching from natural deposits;
leaching from wood preservatives.
Internal corrosion of household water
plumbing systems; industrial manufacturers'
discharge; runoff and leaching from
natural deposits.
State and
Federal
Standards
MCL ‡
The State allows us to monitor for some contaminants less than once per year because the concentrations of these contaminants do not change frequently.
Some of our data, though representative, are more than one year old. In 2016, the City of Beverly Hills Water Utilities Bureau and City of Beverly Hills Unified School District voluntarily sampled for lead at all 5 public schools. In 2017, 32 residences were sampled for lead and copper at the tap. In 2017 and 2018, no K-12 public school submitted a request to sample for lead as part of Assembly Bill 746. 0 0 0 0 0 0
21 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
(a) Metropolitan monitors turbidity at the
CFE locations using continuous and
grab samples. Turbidity, a measure of
cloudiness of the water, is an indicator
of treatment performance. Turbidity
was in compliance with the TT primary
drinking water standard and the
secondary drinking water standard
of less than 5 NTU.
(b) Per the State’s Surface Water Treatment
Rule, treatment techniques that remove
or inactivate Giardia cysts will also
remove HPCs, Legionella, and viruses.
Legionella and virus monitoring is
not required.
(c) Compliance is based on monthly
samples from treatment plant effluents
and the distribution system.
(d) The MCL for E. coli is based on routine
and repeat samples that are total
coliform-positive, and either is E. coli
positive or the system fails to take repeat
samples following an E. coli-positive
routine sample, or the system fails to
analyze a total coliform-positive repeat
sample for E. coli.
(e) All distribution system samples had
detectable total chlorine residuals, so
no HPC was required. Metropolitan
monitors HPCs to ensure treatment
process efficacy.
(f) A single Giardia cyst was detected in
one sample from the filter effluent at the
Skinner water treatment plant, prior to
the treated water reservoir and addition
of final disinfectant. The monitoring
method detects all cysts, regardless of
whether they are alive or dead. The
plant met all operational and regulatory
requirements throughout the year,
including at the time of this single
sampling event, and there was no
regulatory violation.
(g) 1,2,3-Trichloropropane (TCP) was monitored
quarterly in Metropolitan’s source and treated
waters for the State initial monitoring
requirement promulgated in January 2018.
Metropolitan will begin annual monitoring
in 2019.
(h) Metropolitan uses acrylamide for water
treatment processes and was in compliance
with the treatment technique requirements
regarding its use when treating drinking
water. Metropolitan does not use any
epichlorohydrins.
(i) Data reported once every nine-year
compliance cycle until the next samples
are collected. Current monitoring results
are from 2011.
(j) As a wholesaler, Metropolitan has no retail
customers and is not required to collect
samples at consumers’ taps. However,
compliance monitoring under Title 22 is
required at plant effluents.
(k) Metropolitan was in compliance with all
provisions of the State’s fluoridation
system requirements.
(l) Data are from samples collected in 2017.
Metropolitan’s required triennial monitoring
(2020–2022) will be performed in 2020.
(m) Compliance with the state and federal
MCLs is based on RAA or LRAA, as
appropriate. Plant core locations for
TTHM and HAA5 are service connections
specific to each of the treatment
plant effluents.
(n) Compliance with the state and federal
bromate MCL is based on RAA. No MCL
exceedance occurred in the Mills or
Weymouth treatment plant effluents.
(o) Compliance with the State MCL for
aluminum is based on RAA. No secondary
standard MCL exceedance occurred in
the Diemer or Weymouth treatment
plant effluents.
(p) Compliance with odor threshold
secondary MCL is based on RAA.
Treatment plants begin quarterly
monitoring if annual monitoring results
are above 3.
(q) Metropolitan’s TDS compliance data are
based on flow-weighted monthly
composite samples collected twice per
year (April and October). The 12-month
statistical summary of flow-weighted
data is reported in the “Other Parameters”
section under “Miscellaneous.”
(r) Data are from voluntary monitoring
of constituents and are provided for
informational purposes.
(s) Positive CCPP = non-corrosive; tendency
to precipitate and/or deposit scale on
pipes. Negative CCPP = corrosive;
tendency to dissolve calcium carbonate.
Reference: Standard Methods (SM2330).
(t) AI ≥ 12.0 = Non-aggressive water; AI
10.0–11.9 = Moderately aggressive water;
AI ≤ 10.0 = Highly aggressive water.
Reference: ANSI/AWWA Standard
C400-93 (R98).
(u) Positive SI = non-corrosive; tendency to
precipitate and/or deposit scale on pipes.
Negative SI = corrosive; tendency to
dissolve calcium carbonate. Reference:
Standard Methods (SM2330).
(v) HAA5 and TTHM noncompliance samples
collected at treatment plant effluents.
(w) Statistical summary represents 12
months of flow-weighted data and values
may be different than the TDS reported
to meet compliance with secondary
drinking water regulations.
(x) HAA5 and TTHMs noncompliance samples
collected at treatment plant effluents.
Notes
† As a wholesale water system, Metropolitan provides its member agencies with relevant source water information and monitoring results that they may need for their annual water quality report. Metropolitan’s compliance with state or federal regulations is determined at the treatment plant effluent and/or distribution system locations and source water or plant influent locations per frequency stipulated in Metropolitan’s State-approved monitoring plan, and is based on TT, RAA, or LRAA, as appropriate. Data above Metropolitan’s laboratory reporting limit (RL) but below the State DLR are reported as ND in this report; these data are available upon request.
Metropolitan was in compliance with all primary and secondary drinking water regulations for the current monitoring period.
Note: Metropolitan monitors the distribution system for constituents under the revised Total Coliform Rule (TCR), Water Fluoridation Standards, and Disinfectants/ Disinfection Byproduct Rule (TTHMs, HAA5, and total chlorine residual), including NDMA. Constituents with grayed out areas in the distribution system column are routinely monitored at treatment plant effluents and not in the distribution system. ‡ The Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) is the highest level of a contaminant set by the State and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that is allowed in drinking water except for the chemical disinfectant, which is expressed as Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL). MCL is based on the most stringent value between the State and EPA MCLs. A contaminant with no MCL but requires compliance with other drinking water regulations is designated either as Treatment Technique (TT), Action Level (AL), or Notification Level (NL).
Q
Beverly Hills Water:
Safe & High Quality
With the outbreak of COVID-19, we understand that our
residents have heightened concerns over their drinking
water. Many have questions about contaminants and
the safety of the drinking water delivered by the City of Beverly Hills.
Water Quality Specialist Jason W. Dyogi, who joined the City of Beverly Hills Water Quality team in November
2018, addresses these questions in the following Q&A,
which we hope you find helpful.
I read somewhere that Beverly Hills
water contained high levels of harmful
contaminants that can lead to cancer.
How true is this?
The City of Beverly Hills is aware of a report by one group alleging that contaminants in California drinking water raise cancer risks. To be clear this group did not take any water samples in the City. This misleading report made it sound like the state’s entire water supply is carcinogenic.
The group’s methodology admitted in the report that
they could have “…overestimated” the risks. The
group’s report is unproven in its application to water, and, as noted in the report but omitted in its public
announcement, was limited in scope and contained
a number of uncertainties. As such, the findings are
admittedly speculative and not based on any scientific
studies. Reducing risk simultaneously across multiple
contaminants is already embedded partially in the current Safe Drinking Water Act, as a matter of law.
The Environmental Protection Agency must consider the
benefits of removing non-target contaminants when
assessing costs and benefits.
We are concerned whenever any organization puts out
unfounded and misleading reports that cause alarm to our residents about the quality of their drinking water. 22 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
ENSURING A SAFE
WATER SUPPLY
Jason Dyogi
Water Quality
Specialist
Q
Q
We want to assure our residents that their
drinking water is safe, of the highest quality,
and surpasses all state and federal drinking
water standards.
The City of Beverly Hills complies with the standards
adopted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.
EPA) and the State Water Resources Control Board.
The City of Beverly Hills Water Utility Bureau is committed to public health protection that it also seeks out and
monitors for unregulated contaminants to stay ahead
of potential health risks. Water risks are assessed and managed, using the rigorous scientific framework of the Safe Drinking Water Act, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, State Water Resources Board’s Division of
Drinking Water (SWRB-DDW) and the California Office of
Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA).
Furthermore, the transparency of our annual Drinking
Water Quality Reports in providing detailed data should be noted. Data is based on rigorous, year-round testing of more than 185 regulated and unregulated contaminants.
Some of these tests are taken throughout Beverly Hills and portions of the West Hollywood water distribution system.
The report details how significant or insignificant these constituents are from a health perspective.
I understand the City meets state and federal water quality standards, but are these standards high enough to ensure my safety?
Water that meets federal and state standards is safe
to drink. Not only does California have some of the
strictest water quality standards in the nation, the criteria established for both federal and state standards are based on cutting–edge scientific work that also utilize healthrelated data to protect public health. These standards are developed not by one but by several governmental
agencies, which have experienced public health medical
doctors, toxicologists, epidemiologists, exposure scientists, environmental scientists, mathematical scientist, computer scientists, and biostatisticians to name just a few.
I see a white residue at the bottom of my tea
kettle or spotting on my glassware. Does this
mean my water isn’t safe to drink?
This residue is a harmless buildup of naturally occurring minerals in water—primarily calcium and magnesium,
the most common minerals that make water “hard.” The
City of Beverly Hills conducts various tests throughout its distribution system to ensure safe levels of hardness in your water. To remove the deposits inside your tea kettle, boil equal parts white vinegar and water. You can also
remove any buildup in your coffee maker by filling the
reservoir with equal parts of white vinegar and water and turning it on.
These minerals do not pose any health risks. In fact, the National Research Council (National Academy of Sciences) states that hard drinking water generally contributes a small amount toward total calcium and magnesium human
dietary needs. Hard water is often preferred over distilled or “soft” water for its health benefits and flavor.
23 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
According to the
Centers for Disease
Control and
Prevention (CDC),
“conventional water
treatment methods
that use filtration
and disinfection,
such as those in most
municipal drinking
water systems, should
remove or inactivate
the virus that causes
COVID-19.”
Q
Q Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
What is the City of Beverly Hills doing to ensure our
drinking water is safe?
Delivering safe, high-quality water to our residents is our top priority. The City of Beverly Hills, in conjunction with Metropolitan Water District, ensures the reliability and safety of our drinking water through innovative water
treatment processes, investments in our infrastructure
and resource management. We employ highly trained and
skilled staff and take exhaustive measures to constantly monitor and test our water throughout our service area
to protect public safety. We also use only State certified laboratories to test for emerging contaminants.
How about the COVID-19 coronavirus? Can
it get into my drinking water?
The novel coronavirus disease, COVID-19, does not
present a threat to the safety of Beverly Hills’ treated water supplies. First of all, COVID-19 is transmitted
person-to-person, not through water, according to the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Secondly, Metropolitan’s advanced, multi-step treatment process includes filtration and disinfection using ozone and chlorine. This process removes and kills viruses,
including coronaviruses, as well as bacteria and
other pathogens.
The novel coronavirus disease, COVID-19,
does not present a threat to the safety of
Beverly Hills’ treated water supply. The
multi-step treatment process removes
and kills viruses, including coronaviruses,
through filtration and disinfection, using
ozone and chlorine.
As mentioned throughout this report, our ongoing
monitoring demonstrates that Beverly Hills drinking water meets or surpasses all federal and state drinking water standards and regulations, which require removal of over
99.99% of viruses.
Residents can rest assured that tap water is safe for
drinking, cooking, hand washing and cleaning. It is not necessary to boil water first.
Can the City of Beverly Hills continue
monitoring and delivering water if
COVID-19 spreads?
The City of Beverly Hills quickly took steps to protect the health of our employees, minimize potential exposure
and avoid widespread impacts to our workforce, using
tools such as teleworking, micro-teams and holding
some critical staff in reserve. Through our pandemic
action and business continuity plans, the City of Beverly Hills is prepared to ensure water safety and reliability as COVID-19 conditions evolve.
Jason Dyogi formulates disinfectant spray at the City’s water quality lab for service staff including police, fire, sanitation and drinking water staff.
The water we import from Metropolitan comes from an
extensive system of reservoirs, water treatment plants, canals and pipelines which includes multiple layers
of redundancy to ensure continued deliveries, even in
the event of a disruption. Metropolitan also maintains
frequently tested plans and systems for emergency
response and business continuity to guide operations,
including responding to pandemic outbreaks.
In addition, the City of Beverly Hills has in place
contingency plans and emergency connections with other
agencies, like the Los Angeles Department of Water and
Power, in the event of disruptions to Metropolitan’s supply chain. We continue to reinvest in our infrastructure to improve the reliability of our water system while pursuing alternative local sources of water supply including new groundwater sources.
Should I be stockpiling bottled water?
There is no threat to our public drinking water supply
and no need to use bottled water. As mentioned earlier, Beverly Hills’ water goes through several treatments
before reaching residents’ taps, including filtration,
ultraviolet light, and chlorine disinfection.
General emergency preparedness encourages a two-week
supply of bottled water in the event of a supply disruption.
While other emergencies may necessitate backup water
sources, water supplies are not a concern as it pertains to this current as well as any future COVID-19 outbreaks.
How well does your water stack up against
bottled water?
Bottled water is not necessarily any safer to drink than your tap water. In fact, much of bottled water comes from municipal water systems. Bottled water is considered a
packaged product that is regulated by Food and Drug
Administration (FDA). Even though the bottle water
industries have to adhere to quality standards, the FDA’s water quality testing requirements are far less stringent than the standards we meet. Monitoring is also less
frequent than your tap water and the FDA does not
require water-bottling companies to share their test results to consumers like the results we provide to our customers.
Also keep in mind; bottled water creates a tremendous
amount of plastic, which leaves a big environmental
footprint. Then there is the consideration of cost. The price you pay for a gallon of water at your tap is considerably less than the price of a gallon of bottled water.
Where can I learn more about COVID-19
and water?
EPA: www.epa.gov/coronavirus/coronavirus-and-drinkingwater-and-wastewater CDC: www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/php/water.html
{,
Understanding PFAS
We have completed all federally required groundwater
monitoring of PFAS and currently continue to monitor for PFOS and PFOA voluntarily.
With concern growing about the presence in some water
supplies of a family of chemicals known as PFAS, the City of Beverly Hills, in conjunction with the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, continues to ensure the region has a safe and reliable drinking water supply.
Metropolitan, the source of Beverly Hills’ current water supply, has been monitoring for the presence of PFAS since 2013. The two types of PFAS of greatest concern in the
U.S.—perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane
sulfonate (PFOS)—have not been detected in Metropolitan’s imported or treated water supplies.
PFAS In Our Daily Lives
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) are a family of more than 7,800 chemicals widely used in products that
resist heat, oils, stains and water. Two types of PFAS – PFOA and PFOS – are the most commonly used, studied and
regulated PFAS in the U.S.
Dating back to the 1940s, PFOA and PFOS have been
commonly used to coat carpets, clothes, furniture, food packaging, cookware and other products. We’ve all
encountered PFOA and PFOS in our daily lives. They were popular for their resistance to water, stains and food sticking, which made them particularly useful in cookware. They
were also used in fire-fighting foams, cleaning products and industrial uses.
Most people have been exposed to these chemicals through consumer products, but drinking water can be an additional source of exposure in communities where these chemicals have entered water supplies.
We are concerned whenever any organization puts out
unfounded and misleading reports that cause alarm to our residents about the quality of their drinking water.
Beverly Hills Proactively Monitors
For PFOS and PFOA
While 100 percent of your current water supply is being provided by Metropolitan, we also watch closely for PFOA and PFOS throughout our water distribution system and proactively monitor even our groundwater wells for these two chemicals in anticipation of our treatment plant becoming operational next year. You can rest assure, there has been no detection of PFOS and PFOA in our wells or the water we deliver to Beverly Hills residents. 24 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
Beverly Hills’ drinking
water does not contain
PFOA or PFOS.
ENSURING A SAFE
WATER SUPPLY
paints non-stick
cookware
personal care
products
stain resistant
carpets and fabrics fire-fighting
foam
fast-food
packaging
25 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
ENSURING A SAFE
WATER SUPPLY
Where PFAS Are Found
After being generated elsewhere, the chemicals have entered the water cycle through landfills; sites where the chemicals were used in manufacturing; treated wastewater discharge; and facilities where the chemicals were used in firefighting training, like airports and military bases. Because they don’t easily break down and are resilient, the chemicals can accumulate, leading to elevated levels in the groundwater near those sites. Although the chemicals need to be addressed at their source, the potential for PFAS to collect in groundwater is a major concern.
The process to address affected groundwater is underway.
California State
Water Resources
Control Board
(SWRCB)
Drinking water health advisory of
70 parts per trillion (ppt) for a
combined concentration of PFOA
and PFOS. If exceeded, EPA
recommends that agencies assess
the contamination, inform
customers and limit exposure.
U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency
(USEPA)
EPA is establishing drinking water
regulations for PFOA and PFOS,
including an enforcement
mechanism, by setting a Maximum
Contaminant Level (MCL).
CurrentAgency Future
Notification level for PFOA is 5.1 ppt
and for PFOS is 6.5 ppt. If exceeded,
agencies must notify their governing
bodies and agencies under a
monitoring order must also notify
customers. New Response level for
PFOA is 10 ppt and for PFOS is 40
ppt. If exceeded, agencies must
notify governing body, and agencies
under a monitoring order must
remove the drinking water source
from service or notify the public.
SWRCB has initiated a process to
establish public health goals and
maximum contaminant levels for
PFOA and PFOS. Other PFAS
chemicals may be considered for
similar actions in the future.
Regulating PFAS
In the 2000s, manufacturers began voluntarily phasing out use of PFOA and PFOS under a federal Environmental Protection Agency program. In May 2016, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a lifetime health advisory for PFOS and PFOA for drinking water, advising municipalities
that they should notify their customers of the presence of levels over 70 parts per trillion in community water supplies. EPA recommended that customer notifications include information on the increased risk to health, especially for susceptible populations.
Due to advancement in detection technology, PFAS are now being reliably detected at much lower levels. In August 2019, the California Division of Drinking Water (DDW) revised its previous interim Notification Levels surrounding PFOA and PFOS. The current established levels for PFOA and PFOS are 5.1 parts-per-trillion and 6.5 parts-per-trillion, respectively, as well as a single health advisory response level of 70 parts-per-trillion, which offers a margin of protection for all persons throughout their life from adverse health effects resulting from exposure to PFOA and PFOS in drinking water.
Results above the Notification Level require agencies to notify the governing body for the areas where the water has been served within 30 days of receiving the verifying test results. If the Response Level is exceeded in drinking water provided to consumers, DDW recommends that the water agency remove the water source from service or provide treatment.
DDW has also formally requested that OEHHA develop a draft Public Health Goal (PHG), which is the first step in establishing a Maximum Contaminant Level for PFOA and PFOS.
Anyone with questions or concerns can contact
Jason W. Dyogi, Water Quality Specialist, at 310.285.2467 or email [email protected].
LANDFILLS
AIRPORTS
WASTEWATER
MANUFACTURING
Health Effects of PFOA and PFOS
PFOA is a possible human carcinogen, according to
the International Agency for Research on Cancer.
High concentrations in the body of PFOA and PFOS
have also been linked to:
• High cholesterol
• Thyroid and liver disease
• Decreased fertility
• Lower birth weights
• Decreased response to vaccines
• Pregnancy-induced hypertension
Health effects of other PFAS are being studied.
-
Beverly Hills Water:
Resilient and Reliable
During this time of uncertainty, there is one thing you can count on: the reliability and quality of your tap water. As your Public Works Department, one of our top priorities is to ensure high quality water, a more resilient water system and long-term sustainability that protects health, safety and quality of life for all Beverly Hills residents and businesses.
Whether replacing aging water and sewer systems or
investing in infrastructure to access new groundwater
sources, we are strategic and focused on better leveraging City resources, improving efficiencies and reducing overall construction costs and time to maximize your dollars.
• Pump Station No. 8. The replacement of aging
mechanical pumping equipment, electrical,
instrumentation controls, piping and associated
appurtenances. Completion date: 2019.
• Pipeline Replacement. This project will replace about five miles of aging pipeline infrastructure to ensure a reliable conveyance system. Construction start:
End of 2020.
• Pump Station 4 and Sunset Reservoir. Upgrades to
the aging pump station piping and instrumentation,
chemical feed systems enhancements, and pump station
operability improvements. Construction start:
February 2020.
Through our Integrated Water Resources Master Plan
(IWRMP), we are developing a planning roadmap for the
City to offset future water demand and optimize the use of our water resources including potable, wastewater and storm water. Completion of the master plan is anticipated
in Summer/Fall 2020.
From Source To Curb
Through our Capital Improvement Program (CIP) projects, we continue to modernize and improve the reliability of our water system. We are pursuing new potable water supplies to lessen our dependence on Metropolitan Water District with the construction of three new groundwater wells at various sites south of the City and a pipeline conveyance system to our Foothill Water Treatment Plant. Construction of the conveyance piping system and one of the three
groundwater wells is slated for completion in
Summer/Fall 2021.
We are also upgrading our water system through a number of projects, which include:
• Reverse Osmosis Water Treatment Plant.
The installation of a new pretreatment system to address changing water quality conditions in the City’s Hollywood Basin groundwater wells and meet stringent regulatory
requirements. Completion date: Fall 2021.
26 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
YOUR DOLLARS
AT WORK
If you have any questions regarding
our Capital Improvement Program
(CIP) projects, please feel free to
call Gil Borboa at 310.285.2467.
27 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
YOUR DOLLARS
AT WORK
Cross Connection Program
Water mains aren’t the only way contaminants can get
into your water supply. Contamination can occur under
certain conditions when a water supply line is connected to equipment containing a non-potable (unsafe to drink) substance. These “cross connections” are dangerous if no protective measures are taken.
The City of Beverly Hills’ Cross Connection Program protects your water at any point in our distribution system. It requires that our industrial, commercial and residential customers take adequate measures to protect our public water system from potential contamination caused by backflow. City
inspectors work closely with developers to ensure only
AWWA Standard backflow prevention devices are properly
installed according to code and type of cross connection.
These devices are tested annually.
As a homeowner, you are also responsible for preventing contaminants from entering into your water system as well as the public water distribution system by properly installing and maintaining backflow prevention devices.
Without a working backflow preventer, water from a sink or bathtub or dirty irrigation line can easily be pulled back into the main lines.
Commonly Used Backflow Prevention Devices
Air Gap: Used mainly on tanks and faucets, it is a gap
between the pipe and the container.
Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker: It has an air inlet valve
that will drop to draw in air thus preventing customer system water from entering Beverly Hills’ water mains.
Pressure Vacuum Breaker: Used mainly on lawn irrigation systems. It has a one way check and a spring loaded air inlet valve that closes when the public water main pressure drops.
Reduced Pressure Principle Assembly (RP):
This assembly protects the community’s water supply both from pollutants and contaminants (health hazards) entering into the main water line (distribution system).
Double Check Valve Assembly (DC): This assembly
protects the community’s water supply from pollutants
entering into the main water line (distribution system).
Trevor Alsop
Environmental Compliance Inspector
Track Your Water Use
Beverly Hills water customers have one thing in common:
they are conscientious of their water use and care about not wasting water.
The City of Beverly Hills is grateful that our community cares about using water efficiently. Our staff is engaged and dedicated to providing customers with education, assistance and support in a variety of ways.
The City’s FREE online Water Tracker program helps
customers keep an eye on their water use by alerting
customers of leaks and/or abnormally high usage. We
encourage all customers to be proactive and sign up for this easy-to-use program at https://water.beverlyhills.org/.
Our staff performs water audits and offers landscape
evaluations at no cost. The City is also doing its part to conserve water by practicing efficient water measures
throughout the City’s offices and public venues. Working together to use water efficiently is not only good for the environment; it’s a Beverly Hills way of life.
Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
Water Efficiency =
A Beverly Hills
Way of Life
1 DAY
NUMBER
OF DAYS
WATERSAVING
ACTION
480
DAYS
1,120
DAYS
1,600
DAYS
FIXING ONE
RUNNING TOILET
SHORTER
SHOWERS
Time is precious and so is water.
How many days does it take to save 4,800 gallons?
FULL LOADS
OF LAUNDRY
TURNING WATER OFF WHILE
SHAVING AND BRUSHING TEETH
One running toilet can flow up to 200 gallons
an hour, that’s 4,800 gallons a day!
28 29
When It Comes To Water Leaks,
Every Drop Counts
Did you know that a running toilet can waste up to 4,800 gallons a day?
An easy way to test for toilet leaks is to put food coloring in the toilet tank and wait 15 minutes. If food color leaks to toilet bowl, you have a leak. To avoid staining the
toilet, flush after test is completed. Faucet and toilet leaks may be easy to detect. But how can you tell if you have other leaks inside and outside your home?
Take 10 Minutes and $ave Big
Signing up for the Water Tracker program is easy:
1. Visit https://water.beverlyhills.org/ and click on “Sign Up Here.” Enter your email address and hit “submit.” You will receive a confirmation email with a link to activate your account.
2. Sign into Water Tracker using your login email address and newly created password.
3. Enter your 6-digit customer number on your water bill to link up your account. Note: If your customer number is less than 6 digits, add “0” to the beginning of your customer number.
4. Re-enter your login and password to finish setting up your account. Then, click “My Water Use” to start exploring water usage statics by year, month, week, day or hour (on left side of screen). You can also view your water usage summary per billing cycle on the tab labeled “Consumption Summary.”
Sign Up For Alerts!
One of the most valuable features of this program is the automated alerts of potential leaks and excessive water use.
You can set up your notifications under “Account Settings,” where you can select your preferred options (frequency, email vs. text notifications, etc.) Under “Water Settings,” you can set your “usage budget” and other parameters such as “Continuous Flow Threshold,” which should be set at “0” to be notified of potential leaks.
How do you know what you can’t see?
Track usage and discover leaks with Water Tracker. Many water leaks are not visible and can go undetected for months. Not only is this wasteful, it adds unnecessary costs to your utility bill.
Where most people are required to physically check their water meters to detect less visible leaks in their home appliances as well as plumbing and irrigation systems, Beverly Hills residents can sign up for an online program called Water Tracker. Proven to save our customers water, time and money, this free City program displays daily water use and will notify you of abnormally high daily usage and/or continuous water flow issues.
1. Check each head and riser for leaks.
2. Check the valve (look and listen) to
see if it is leaking.
3. If you cannot find the leak, turn off
the valve that flows water to your
Irrigation Up to hundreds irrigation system (not all homes have this). Note: This has nothing to do
with your irrigation controller.
Underground irrigation leaks are
more common in older, galvanized pipes.
Check your heater water leaking into a
Water Heater Up to hundreds nearby drain. Note: This can also cause an increase to your gas bill.
1. Check float valve to see
Pool, Pond Up to hundreds if it’s functioning properly. or Jacuzzi 2. Check auto fill to see if it’s running.
3. Check the water feature for leaks.
1. Check pipes to house, especially
Pipes Up to hundreds older, galvanized steel.
2. It may take a leak detection company
to detect more challenging leaks.
Area/System Gallons Per Hour Where To Look For Leaks
- - -
- •
- -
- - -
• •
-
30 Beverly Hills | 2019 Annual Water Quality Report
Water Efficiency=
A Beverly Hills
Way of Life
Water Saving Tips: Outdoors
Set your sprinkler timer to water 2 days a week in the Fall, Winter and Spring and 3 days a week in the Summer (see
our Outdoor Watering Guidelines).
Water each zone for about 8 minutes for pop up sprinklers and 15 minutes for drip.
Check your sprinkler system for broken or clogged sprinkler heads, and check for over spray.
Consider drip irrigation for your trees, shrubs and flowers.
Use a broom, not a hose, to clean driveways and sidewalks.
Install a weather-based irrigation controller (WBIC), which will automatically adjust the watering schedule with
the weather.
Put a back-up battery in your sprinkler controller to save your settings during power outages.
Use at least 3 inches of mulch around plants and trees to retain moisture and keep the soil cool.
Consider replacing grass lawn areas with drought tolerant and native plants that require less water (rebates may be available).
Use a pool cover to reduce evaporation.
Keep an eye on pool and fountain auto fills so they only fill when needed.
Water Audits
During California’s COVID-19 ‘Stay At Home’ order,
our Water Conservation Administrator, Debby Figoni,
is conducting FaceTime water audits with customers.
She takes a virtual walk in and around a home with
the resident. First, they look and listen for any potential issues. Then, she reviews the home’s sprinkler settings and teaches customers how they can use the devices in their home and use water more efficiently.
If you would like to schedule a virtual water audit, please contact Debby Figoni at 310.285.2467 or via email:
Keep Landscapes Beautiful
While Irrigating Efficiently
Get control of your sprinkler controller to make sure the settings are what you want them to be. Make sure you
work directly with your gardener to set the controller to water efficiently.
Free Landscape Evaluations
Since two thirds of a typical, single family home’s water usage goes to outdoor landscape irrigation, we want to
help our customers use water more efficiently and reduce their water bills through free landscape water evaluations.
The evaluation focuses on the most efficient way to water your landscape and offers other helpful information,
including the pros and cons of drip irrigation versus
overhead sprinklers. Information on beautiful water
wise plants will also be available for those considering upgrading to a California Friendly landscape.
To sign up, please contact Debby Figoni at 310.285.2467 or via email: [email protected].
Rebates, Tips, Questions
Rebates are available for upgrading to high-efficiency
appliances including toilets, clothes washers, weather
based irrigation controllers and more. For a list of eligible appliances and details on the rebates, visit
www.socalwatersmart.com. For more water-saving tips
and resources, visit www.epa.gov/watersense and
www.BHSaves.org. The City offers low-flow showerheads
and sink aerators at no cost.
Contact Debby Figoni at 310.285.2467
or via email: [email protected].
Outdoor Watering Guidelines
We encourage all residents to continue using water
efficiently, which is why “Stage C” of Beverly Hill’s watering regulations is still in place:
From October to May, outdoor watering is
restricted to two (2) days per week.
• North of Santa Monica Boulevard
Monday & Friday
• South of Santa Monica Boulevard
Tuesday & Saturday
From June to September, outdoor watering is
restricted to three (3) days per week.
• North of Santa Monica Boulevard
Monday, Wednesday & Friday
• South of Santa Monica Boulevard
Tuesday, Thursday & Saturday
Ongoing Regulations
1. Only water between the hours of 5 p.m. and 9 a.m.
2. Don’t irrigate after a measurable rainfall.
3. Don’t allow excessive water runoff due to sprinkler
overspray or malfunction.
4. Repair leaks immediately.
31 Get Involved
Public involvement is fundamental to ensuring that we are meeting water supply demand, water quality goals and the highest customer service level. We welcome your feedback; please see below for ways you can be involved with the City of Beverly Hills:
• Let us know how we are doing.
• Sign up for the newsletters and alerts.
• Participate in conservation events.
• Attend commission and council meetings.
The Public Works Commission is an advisory group to the City Council that generally meets at 8:00 a.m. on the second Thursday of every month.
For exact meeting dates and time, please contact the City Clerk at 310.285.2400.
For more information visit:
www.beverlyhills.org
If you have questions regarding this report or the quality of your water, please contact Public Works Customer Service.
Public Works Customer Service
Call: 310.285.2467
Email: [email protected]
Public Works Department
345 Foothill Road, Beverly Hills, CA 90210
This report contains important information about your drinking water. Please contact the City of Beverly Hills Public Works Department at 310.285.2467 for assistance in Spanish or Farsi.
Este informe contiene información importante sobre su agua potable. Favor de comunicarse con el Departamento de Obras Públicas de la ciudad de Beverly Hills al 310.285.2467 para obtener asistencia en español.
Instilling confidence in
your tap water
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
A MESSAGE FROM
PUBLIC WORKS
The City’s residents and
businesses have a key role in
water system resiliency as well.
Water conservation will always
be a “Beverly Hills Way of Life,”
and every drop you save is one
less drop needed of imported
water or local groundwater.
Keep up the great work!
Dear Water Customers:
While the COVID-19 pandemic is not fully
behind us, we’re turning a corner and
can envision a return to some sense of
normalcy soon. Throughout the past
year, the tireless work of our health care
providers, first responders and essential
workers—among them our City’s safety
officials and public works employees—
cared for us, kept us safe and continued
the basic services necessary to keep our
City running.
For over a year, we’ve become familiar
with certain terms and phrases such
as safer at home, social distancing,
quarantine and vaccine efficacy, to name
a few. For this year’s Water Quality Report,
let’s focus on another word we hear often
after having endured a time in history
unlike any other we may experience in our
lifetimes … resiliency.
Resiliency is generally defined as the
ability to endure and bounce back from
difficult situations, or as being prepared
to deal with challenges that may arise.
Resiliency remains on display by the
men and women of your Public Works
Department, who have continued their
work throughout the pandemic year
overseeing all water, wastewater, storm
water and solid waste operations. The
importance of maintaining high water
quality standards, and the work performed
by Public Works staff to carry out this
mission, was not diminished during the
pandemic response of 2020.
Since the 1970s, the City’s primary source
of water has been the Metropolitan Water
District of Southern California (MWD).
MWD goes to great lengths to ensure
resiliency in its water supply to the region
through diversifying its supply sources
from Northern California and the Colorado
River. In Beverly Hills, the resiliency of
MWD water is enhanced through multiple
connections to MWD. Resiliency is further
augmented through the existence and
maintenance of emergency connections
with the Los Angeles Department of
Water and Power.
In 2021, resiliency remains front and
center for Beverly Hills Water, as we are
on track to complete the improvements
to our Foothill Water Treatment Plant.
When completed later this year, this
facility will treat local groundwater and
provide approximately 25% of the City’s
annual water demand. Local water supply
provides a key resiliency component, but
we’re not stopping there. Investment in
water main replacements, development
of additional emergency storage and the
search for additional groundwater are just
a few of the ongoing projects underway in
Public Works.
The City’s residents and businesses have
a key role in water system resiliency as
well. Water conservation will always be
a “Beverly Hills Way of Life,” and every
drop you save is one less drop needed
of imported water or local groundwater.
Keep up the great work!
Resiliency in our water systems positions
us well to face the threats posed by
climate change, drought and earthquakes,
among others. We face the coming year
with a sense of purpose and optimism to
return to a measure of whatever “normal”
means to each of us, and hopefully to find
some joy and comfort in the familiar.
Please review this year’s Water Quality
Report and feel free to call us with
any questions you may have. Let’s
continue to remain resilient as we work
together toward healthy and prosperous
days ahead.
Sincerely,
Gil Borboa
Assistant Director of Public Works
Utilities Division
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
1 !Ill
The City of Beverly Hills Public
Works Department values
transparency; we hope you find
this report clear and easy to
understand. If you have
any questions, please call
us at 310.285.2467.
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
2 ABOUT THIS REPORT
The Consumer Confidence
Report (CCR) is an annual
water quality report that
informs you where your
drinking water comes from
and what’s in it.
The centerpiece of the CCR is a series
of tables that list the results of year
round monitoring for more than 400
constituents. Included in these tables
is the quantity of each constituent
found in Beverly Hills’ water supply,
how it compares with the allowable
state and federal limits, and the
constituent’s likely origin. Bottled water
is not covered in this report. Only the
constituents that are found in Beverly
Hills’ water are listed in the data tables.
We encourage you to read this report to
learn more about the water provided by
Beverly Hills and what the City is doing
to ensure the highest quality of water is
delivered to you year after year.
The information on the following pages
will explain the important elements of
the data tables and more.
City of Beverly Hills drinking
water is compliant with the
Federal Safe Drinking Water Act.
6,227 regulatory
constituents analyzed
21,635 field
tests conducted
100% Met all
Quality Standards
WATER SOURCES
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
3 The water from both sources is
first treated at the Weymouth
Filtration Plant in La Verne and
the Joseph Jensen Treatment
Plant in Granada Hills before it
is delivered to Beverly Hills.
Jensen Treatment Plant
Delta region in Northern California
Where does Beverly Hills
get its water?
Since the Beverly Hills Treatment Plant has
been offline for operational improvements,
your water supply continues to be provided
by Metropolitan Water District (MWD).
MWD imports water supplies from two main
sources: (1) the Sacramento and San Joaquin
Rivers through the State Water Project and
(2) the Colorado River via the Colorado
River Aqueduct.
State Water Project
About 30 percent of Southern California’s
water travels a long distance though
a complex delivery system called the
California State Water Project. It is the
nation’s largest state-built water storage
and delivery system of reservoirs,
aqueducts, power plants and pumping
plants, supplying water to 25 million
Californians and 750,000 acres
of farmland.
Water supplies from Northern California
are drawn from the crossroads of the
Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers in the
Delta region. They are transported in the
State Water Project’s 444-mile California
Aqueduct and serve urban and agricultural
customers in the San Francisco Bay Area, as
well as Central and Southern California.
Colorado River
The Colorado River water is conveyed via
the 242-mile Colorado River Aqueduct
from Lake Havasu on the California-Arizona
border, to Lake Mathews near Riverside.
Built and operated by MWD, the Colorado
River Aqueduct has been the backbone of
Southern California’s imported water supply
for more than 70 years. Together with the
State Water Projects, these are the two
imported drinking water sources for all of
Southern California.
•
·- • • • •
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
4 YOUR DRINKING WATER
What is in my drinking water?
Water may contain different types of
chemicals, microscopic organisms, and
radioactive materials, many of which
are naturally occurring. Health agencies
require monitoring for these constituents.
The column marked “Parameter” in each
table beginning on page 12 lists the
constituents found in the water Beverly
Hills delivers. Your tap water met all United
States Environmental Protection Agency’s
(U.S. EPA) and State drinking water health
standards in 2020. Beverly Hills vigilantly
safeguards its water supplies and once
again, we are proud to report that our
system has never violated a maximum
contaminant level or any other water
quality standard.
How are constituents reported?
“Units” describe how a constituent is
reported. Usually constituent levels are
measured in extremely tiny quantities such
as parts per million (ppm), parts per billion
(ppb) and in some cases, parts per trillion
(ppt). Even small concentrations of certain
constituents can be a health concern. That is
why regulatory standards are set at very low
levels for certain constituents.
What are the maximum allowed
levels for constituents in
drinking water?
Regulatory agencies have maximum
contaminant levels (MCLs) for constituents
so that drinking water is safe and looks,
tastes and smells good. A few constituents
have the letters “TT” (treatment technique)
in the MCL column of each table because
they do not have a numerical MCL. Instead,
they have certain treatment requirements
that have to be met to reduce their levels in
drinking water.
One of the constituents, total chlorine residual,
has an MRDL (maximum residual disinfectant
level) instead of an MCL. The MRDL is the level
of a disinfectant added for water treatment that
may not be exceeded at the consumer’s tap. While
disinfectants are necessary to kill harmful microbes,
drinking water regulations protect against too much
disinfectant being added.
Another constituent, turbidity, has a requirement
that 95 percent of the measurements taken must be
below a certain number. Turbidity is a measure of
the cloudiness of the water. MWD monitors turbidity
because it is a good indicator of the effectiveness of
their filtration system.
Why are some of the constituents
listed in the section labeled “Primary
Standards” and others in the
“Secondary Standards”?
Constituents that are grouped in the “Primary
Standards” section may be unhealthy at certain
levels. In general, no health hazard is reasonably
expected to occur when levels of a constituent are
below a primary MCL.
Constituents that are grouped under the “Secondary
Standards” section can affect the appearance, taste
and smell of water, but do not affect the safety of
the water unless they also have a primary standard.
Some constituents (e.g., aluminum) have two
different MCLs, one for health-related impacts, and
another for non-health-related impacts.
-
How do you report the monitoring
results of my drinking water?
The data tables list monitoring results for
the two Metropolitan Water District (MWD)
treatment plants (Weymouth and Jensen) as
well as the monitoring results for the City’s
water distribution system and lead and
copper samplings from residential taps.
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
5 What are Public Health Goals
(PHGs) and Maximum Contaminant
Level Goals (MCLGs)?
PHGs and MCLGs are targets or goals set by
regulatory agencies for the water industry.
They define a constituent level in water that
do not pose any known or expected risk to
health. Often, it is not possible to remove
or reduce constituents to the level of PHGs
and MCLGs because it is technologically
impossible or the cost for treatment is
so expensive that it would make tap
water unaffordable.
That is why PHGs and MCLGs are
considered goals to work toward, and not
realistic standards that can be enforced.
Similar goals exist for Maximum Residual
Disinfectant Level Goals (MRDLG).
How do I know how much of a
constituent is in my water and if it
is at a safe level?
With a few exceptions, regulatory
requirements are considered satisfied if the
average amount of a constituent found in
tap water over the course of a year is no
greater than the MCL. Some constituents
do have special rules described in the
footnotes to the water quality tables. These
constituents do not have a numerical
MCL, but instead a required Treatment
Technique that—when satisfied—is listed in
the Treatment Plant Effluent column of the
Imported Water From Metropolitan Water
District table.
The highest and very lowest levels measured
over a year are shown in the range
requirements for safety, appearance, taste
and smell are based on the average levels
recorded and not the range.
Water agencies have specific procedures
to follow if a constituent is found at levels
higher than the MCL and considered a
potential threat to public health. Information
is shared immediately with the regulatory
agencies. The regulatory agencies will
determine when and how this information is
shared with the public.
YOUR DRINKING WATER
As you read earlier, water imported by
Metropolitan Water District (MWD)—the
regional agency that provides water to Beverly
Hills—comes from two sources: the Colorado
River and Northern California through the
Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Each has
different water quality challenges.
Water from the Colorado River via the
Colorado River Aqueduct is considered to
be most vulnerable to contamination from
recreation, urban/stormwater runoff, increasing
urbanization in the watershed, and wastewater.
Water supplies from Northern California via
the State Water Project are most vulnerable to
contamination from urban/stormwater runoff,
wildlife, agriculture, recreation,and wastewater.
Large agencies are required by the Division
of Drinking Water (DDW) to conduct an initial
source water assessment, which is then
updated through watershed sanitary surveys
every five years. Watershed sanitary surveys
examine possible sources of drinking water
contamination and recommend actions to
better protect these source waters.
The most recent surveys for MWD's source
waters are the Colorado River Watershed
Sanitary Survey – 2015 Update, and the State
Water Project Watershed Sanitary Survey –
2016 Update. You can request a copy of the
most recent Watershed Sanitary Surveys by
calling MWD at 213.217.6000.
The Drinking Water Source Assessment and
Protection (DWSAP) Program conducted a
source water assessment in August 2000 and
completed the report on May 2001 for each
groundwater well.
Groundwater sources are considered most
vulnerable to the following activities not
associated with detected contaminants: dry
cleaning operations, park areas, residential
housing, historical railroad rights-of-way,
vehicle repair shops, gasoline stations,
confirmed leaking underground storage tanks,
utility station, parking lots, and government
equipment storage areas. A copy of the
assessment may be viewed at:
You may request a summary of the assessment
be sent to you by contacting the DDW Los
Angeles District Office at 818.551.2004. For
more details, contact Jason W. Dyogi, Water
Quality Specialist, at 310.285.2467.
POTENTIAL SOURCES OF
CONTAMINATION
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
6 DDW Los Angeles District Office
500 N. Central Ave., Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203
1. Eliminate excess use of lawn and
garden fertilizers and pesticides – they
contain hazardous chemicals that can
reach your drinking water source.
2) Pick up after your pets.
3) Have your own septic system, properly
maintain your system to reduce
leaching to water sources or consider
connecting to a public water system.
4) Dispose of chemicals properly; take
used motor oil to a recycling center.
STEPS YOU CAN TAKE TO PROTECT
YOUR GROUNDWATER
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
7 Drinking water, including bottled water,
may reasonably be expected to contain at
least small amounts of some contaminants.
The presence of contaminants does not
necessarily indicate that the water poses a
health risk.
More information about contaminants and
potential health effects can be obtained
by calling the calling the U.S. EPA Safe
Drinking Water Hotline at 800.426.4791.
The sources of drinking water (both tap
water and bottled water) include rivers,
lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs,
and wells. As water travels over the
surface of the land or through the ground,
it dissolves naturally-occurring minerals
and, in some cases, radioactive material,
and can pick up substances resulting from
the presence of animals or from human
activity. Contaminants that may be present
in source water include:
Microbial contaminants, such as viruses
and bacteria, which may come from
sewage treatment plants, septic systems,
agricultural livestock operations
and wildlife.
Inorganic contaminants, such as
salts and metals, that can be naturallyoccurring or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater
discharges, oil and gas production, mining
or farming.
Pesticides and herbicides that may
come from a variety of sources such as
agriculture, urban stormwater runoff, and
residential uses.
Organic chemical contaminants,
including synthetic and volatile organic
chemicals, that are byproducts of industrial
processes and petroleum production, and
can also come from gas stations, urban
stormwater runoffs, agricultural application,
and septic systems.
Radioactive contaminants that can be
naturally occurring or be the result of oil
and gas production and mining activities.
To ensure that tap water is safe to drink,
the U.S. EPA and the State Water Resources
Control Board (State Water Board) prescribe
regulations that limit the amount of certain
contaminants in water provided by public
water systems. The U.S. Food and Drug
Administration regulations and California
law also establish limits for contaminants
in bottled water that provide the same
protection for public health. Additional
information on bottled water is available on
the California Department of Public Health
website at www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/
CEH/DFDCS/Pages/FDBPrograms/
FoodSafetyProgram/Water.aspx.
Some people may be more vulnerable to
contaminants in drinking water than the
general population. Immuno-compromised
persons such as those with cancer
undergoing chemotherapy, persons who
have undergone organ transplants, have
HIV/AIDS, or other immune system
disorders, some elderly, and infants can be
particularly at risk from infections.
These people should seek advice about
drinking water from their health care
providers. U.S. EPA/Centers for Disease
Control guidelines on appropriate
means to lessen the risk of infection by
Cryptosporidium and other microbial
contaminants are available from the Safe
Drinking Water Hotline at 800.426.4791.
WATER & YOUR HEALTH
PEOPLE WITH WEAKENED
IMMUNE SYSTEMS
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
8 Why Additional Chemicals Are
Added To Your Water.
To Disinfect.
Chloramines. The City is required to
disinfect your water to prevent waterborne
pathogens by using chloramines, a
compound of chlorine and ammonia.
This type of disinfectant is very stable
and reduces the formation of disinfection
by-products in your water. We carefully
monitor the amount of chloramine
disinfectant to protect the safety of your
water. Chloraminated water is safe for
people and animals to drink, and for all
other general uses. Three special user
groups, including kidney dialysis patients,
aquarium owners, and businesses or
industries that use water in their treatment
process, must remove chloramine from
the water prior to use. Hospitals or dialysis
centers should be aware of chloramine
in the water and should install proper
chloramine removal equipment, such as
dual carbon adsorption units.
Aquarium owners should use readily
available products to remove or neutralize
chloramine. Businesses and industries that
use water in any manufacturing process or
for food or beverage preparation should
contact their water treatment equipment
supplier regarding special equipment needs.
To Improve Dental Health.
Fluoride. For 70 years, Americans have
benefited from drinking water with
fluoride, leading to better dental health.
Drinking fluoridated water keeps teeth
strong and reduces cavities by about 25%
in children and adults. Because of these
health benefits, the State of California has
mandated all large system water suppliers
to begin fluoridating their water systems.
The City of Beverly Hills and Metropolitan
Water District (MWD) adjust the natural
fluoride concentration in the water to
promote dental health. The fluoride levels
in your water are maintained within a range
of 0.6 to 1.2 parts per million, as required
by the Division of Drinking Water. The
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
named community water fluoridation one
of 10 great public health achievements of
the 20th century. For more information
about fluoridation, oral health, and current
issues, you can call MWD’s Water Quality
Information Hotline at 800.354.4420 or
download MWD’s fact sheet at
www.bit.ly/MWD_flouride.
If you are concerned about
fluoride in your drinking
water, additional information
is available from the Center
of Disease Control at: www.
cdc.gov/fluoridation/index.
html and the American Dental
Association at www.ada.org/
fluoride.aspx.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
OF INTEREST
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
OF INTEREST
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
9 Lead
If present, elevated levels of lead can
cause serious health problems, especially
for pregnant women and young children.
Lead in drinking water is primarily from
materials and components associated with
service lines and home plumbing. The City
of Beverly Hills is responsible for providing
high quality drinking water, but cannot
control the variety of materials used in
plumbing components. When your water
has been sitting for several hours, you
minimize the potential for lead exposure
by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2
minutes before using water for drinking
or cooking. If you do so, you may wish
to collect the flushed water and reuse it
for another beneficial purpose, such as
watering plants.
If you are concerned about lead in your
water, you may wish to have your water
tested. Information on lead in drinking
water, testing methods, and steps you can
take to minimize exposure is available from
the U.S. EPA Safe Drinking Water Hotline at
800.426.4791 or at www.epa.gov/lead.
Keep Your Fish Healthy & Safe
Adding tap water with chlorine or
chloramine to a tank can kill off fish
quickly. It can also kill off important biofilter bacteria. To keep your fish healthy and safe, be sure to specially treat your
tap water before using it in your fresh or
salt-water aquarium or pond.
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
10 You will find two tables, one
for each of the following
water sources: • Metropolitan Water
District Treated
Surface Water • Beverly Hills (and portions
of West Hollywood)
Distribution System
The column marked “Parameter” lists
the substances found in the water
Beverly Hills delivers.
MCL is the highest level of substance
(contaminant) allowed.
PHG (or MCLG) is the goal level for that
substance below which there is no known or
expected health risk (this may be lower than
what is allowed).
Range Average is the highest and lowest
levels measured over a year.
The monitoring results of a substance at each
treatment plant.
Major Sources in Drinking Water tells you
where the constituent usually originates.
Note: “Unregulated Constituents”
are measured, but maximum allowed
contaminant (MCL) levels have not been
established by the government. For each
table, begin with the Constituent and
read across.
123456
READERS’ GUIDE TO THE
WATER QUALITY TABLES
GLOSSARY
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
11 MCL Maximum Contaminant Level
MCLG Maximum Contaminant Level Goal
MFL Million Fibers per Liter
MRDL Maximum Residual
Disinfectant Level
MRDLG Maximum Residual
Disinfectant Level Goal
NA Not Applicable
ND Not Detected at or above DLR or
RL
NL Notification Level to SWRCB
NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Units
pCi/L PicoCuries per Liter
PFAS Per- and polyfluoralkyl substances
PHG Public Health Goal
ppb parts per billion or micrograms
per liter (µg/L)
ppm parts per million or milligrams
per liter (mg/L)
ppq parts per quadrillion or picograms
per liter (pg/L)
Quality Standards
Primary Standards
Mandatory health-related standards that
may cause health problems in drinking
water. MCLs and MRDLs are listed for
contaminants that affect health along with
their monitoring, reporting, and water
treatment requirements.
Secondary Standards
Aesthetic standards (non health-related)
that could cause odor, taste, or appearance
problems in drinking water.
Unregulated Contaminants
Information about contaminants that are
monitored, but are not currently regulated
by state and federal health agencies
Definition of Terms
& Abbreviations
AI Aggressiveness Index
AL Action Level
Average Arithmetic mean
CaCO3 Calcium Carbonate
CCPP Calcium Carbonate Precipitation
CCRDL Consumer Confidence Report
Detection Limit
CFE Combined Filter Effluent
CFU Colony-Forming Units
DLR Detection Limits for Purposes
of Reporting
HAA5 Sum of five haloacetic acids
HPC Heterotrophic Plate Count
LRAA Locational Running Annual
Average; is the highest of all
Locational Running Annual
Averages calculated
as an average of all samples
collected within a 12-month period
Parts per million, billion or trillion are ways to measure tiny amounts of something in water or air. It is a microscopic measurement where a part-per-trillion (ppt) is the equivalent of four grains of sugar dissolved in an Olympic-size swimming pool. 1 Part per trillion (ppt)
20 Olympic-sized
Swimming Pools
IS EQUIVALENT TO
A SINGLE DROP
OF WATER IN
ppt Parts per trillion or nanograms
per liter (ng/L)
RAA Running Annual Average; highest
RAA is the highest of all running
Annual Averages calculated as an
average of all the samples
collected within a
12-month period
Range Results based on minimum and
maximum values; range and
average values are the same if a
single value is reported for
samples collected once or
twice annually
RL Reporting Limit
SI Saturation Index (Langelier)
SWRCB State Water Resources
Control Board
TDS Total Dissolved Solids
TON Threshold Odor Number
TT Treatment Technique is a required
process intended to reduce the
level of a contaminant in
drinking water
TTHM Total Trihalomethanes
μS/cm MicroSiemen per centimeters
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
12 Parameter Range
Average
Jensen
Plant
Weymouth
Plant
Most Recent
Sampling
Date
In
Compliance Major Sources inDrinking Water
State DLR
CCRDL (RL) PHG
State
(Federal)
MCL Units
NTU Highest 0.04 0.04
% % <= 0.3 100
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
100
5.0 Range
Average
1 Range
Median
ND
Range
Average
Range
Average
RangeND - 220 80 -210
Highest RAA 116 149
Range 0.4 – 0.8 0.6 – 0.8
Average 0.7 0.7
RangeND - 6
Average4
ND - 2
ND
RangeND - 3
AverageND2
Range 12 - 17 20 - 26
Highest LRAA 14 24
Range 1.9 - 4.9 3.3 - 7.3
Highest LRAA 4.6 6.2
Range 1.4 - 6.0 ND - 4.2
Highest RAA 4.4 2.0
Range 1.8 - 2.3 2.1 - 2.6
Highest RAA 2.2 2.4
RangeND - 220 80 - 210
Highest RAA 116 149
Range 51 - 54
52 93
Average
Range1 - 3
1 NA
Color Units15NA NA
NA
NA 0.30
ppb 200 600
ppm TT
ppb 10 0.1 1.0
50 ppm 500
ppb 80
1.0 NA 1.0
ppb 60 NA
pCi/L 50 MCLG = 04 ND
1 -3 pCi/L 20 0.43 1
ppb 1,000 600 50
ppm 2.0 1 0.1
ND ND
ND
ND - 3
ND
oocysts/200 L
ND
cysts/200 LTT
TT MCLG = 0 (1) ND
ND ND
CFU/mL TT NA
MCLG = 0NA
TT NA NA
(1)
MCLG = 0NAND
Number of
Positive
Samples
% Positive
Monthly Sample
Number
MCLG = 0 (1)
Gross Beta Particle Activity
Uranium
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
Chloride
Color
Total Trihalomethanes
(TTHM) (Plant Core
Locations and
Distribution System)
Sum of Five Haloacetic
Acids (HAA5) (Plant Core
Locations and
Distribution System)
Aluminum (g)
Bromate (l)
Fluoride (j)
Giardia
Heterotrophic Plate
Count (HPC) Bacteria (e)
Escherichia coli
(E. coli) (d)
Combined Filter Effluent
(CFE) Turbidity (a)
Total Coliform
Bacteria (c)
Cryptosporidium
Aluminum (g)
Naturally-occurring
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits; seawater influence
Various natural and man-made
sources; TOC is a precursor for
the formation of disinfection
byproducts
Residue from water treatment
process; runoff and leaching
from natural deposits
Byproduct of drinking
water chlorination
Byproduct of drinking
water chlorination
Byproduct of drinking
water ozonation
Decay of natural and
man-made deposits
2020 Yes
Range
Average
Radium-228 pCi/L NA 0.019 1 ND Erosion of natural deposits Erosion of natural deposits
Residue from water treatment
process; runoff and leaching
from natural deposits
Runoff and leaching from
natural deposits; water
additive that promotes
strong teeth; discharge from
fertilizer and aluminum factories
Human and animal fecal waste
Human and animal fecal waste
Naturally present in
the environment
Naturally present in
the environment
Soil runoff
Human and animal fecal waste
1 23 45 6
SECONDARY STANDARDS - AESTHETIC STANDARDS
PRIMARY STANDARDS—Mandatory Health-Related Standards
INORGANIC CHEMICALS
MICROBIOLOGICAL (b)
CLARITY
RADIOLOGICALS
DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS, DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS, AND DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT PRECURSORS (kh)
IMPORTED WATER FROM METROPOLITAN WATER DISTRICT
For more details or questions, contact Jason W. Dyogi, Water Quality Specialist, at 310.285.2467 ' •
J
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13 Parameter Range
Average
Jensen
Plant
Weymouth
Plant
Most Recent
Sampling
Date
In
Compliance Major Sources inDrinking Water
State DLR
CCRDL (RL) PHG
State
(Federal)
MCL Units
1 23 45 6
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
Range 12 - 17 20 - 26
Highest LRAA 14 24
Range 1.9 - 4.9 3.3 - 7.3
Highest LRAA 4.6 6.2
Range 1.4 - 6.0 ND - 4.2
Highest RAA 4.4 2.0
Range 1.8 - 2.3 2.1 - 2.6
Highest RAA 2.2 2.4
RangeND - 220 80 - 210
Highest RAA 116 149
Range 51 - 54
52 93
Average
Range1 - 3
Average2
1 NA
Color Units15NA NA
NA
NA 0.30
ppb 200 600
ppm TT
ppb 10 0.1 1.0
50 ppm 500
ppb 80
1.0 NA 1.0
ppb 60 NA
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
Chloride
Color
Total Trihalomethanes
(TTHM) (Plant Core
Locations and
Distribution System)
Sum of Five Haloacetic
Acids (HAA5) (Plant Core
Locations and
Distribution System)
Aluminum (g)
Bromate (l)
Range
Average
Range 451 - 468 963 - 968
Average 460 966
Range 53 - 56 211 - 215
Average54 213
Range 255 - 264 587 - 593
Average 260 590
Range 79 - 86 118 - 119
Average82 118
Range 25 - 27 65
Average26
Range 107 - 110 256 - 268
Average 108 262
Range 11 - 12 25 - 26
Average1226
Range 4.5 - 4.6
Average 4.6
2.5 - 2.6
2.6 Range 46 - 48 93 - 97
Average4795
Range
Average
Range
Average
Range
Average
ppb NL = 800 NA 20 27 76
170 130
ppm NA NA (0.2)
ppm NA NA (0.01)
ppb NL = 1,000 NA 100
ppm NA NA (1)
ppm NA NA (1)
ppm NA NA (1)
ppm NA NA (0.1)
µS/cm 1,600 NA
0.5 NA
ppm 500 NA
TON3 NA 12 2
ppm 1,000 NA NA
Chlorate
Alkalinity (as CaCO3)
Calcium
Hardness (as CaCO3)
Magnesium
Potassium
Sodium
Boron
NA NA
Specific Conductance
Sulfate
Odor Threshold
Total Dissolved Solids,
Filterable (TDS) (m)
Naturally-occurring
organic materials
Naturally-occurring
organic materials
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits; seawater influence
Various natural and man-made
sources; TOC is a precursor for
the formation of disinfection
byproducts
Residue from water treatment
process; runoff and leaching
from natural deposits
Byproduct of drinking
water chlorination
Byproduct of drinking
water chlorination
Byproduct of drinking
water ozonation
Byproduct of drinking water
chlorination; industrial
processes
N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) Rangeppt NL = 10 3 (2) 2.0 ND 2020 Yes Byproduct of drinking water
chlorination; industrial
processes
2020 Yes
Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) ppt 4 2.5 ND
Industrial chemical factory
discharges; runoff/leaching from
landfills; used in fire-retarding
foams and various
industrial processes
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits; industrial wastes
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits; sum of
polyvalentcations,
generally magnesium and
calcium present in the water
Salt present in the water;
naturally-occurring
Salt present in the water;
naturally-occurring
Runoff/leaching from
natural deposits
Runoff/leaching from
natural deposits
Runoff/leaching from
natural deposits
Runoff/leaching of natural
deposits; carbonate,
bicarbonate, hydroxide,
and occasionally borate,
silicate, and phosphate
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits; industrial wastes
Substances that form ions in
water; seawater influence
GENERAL MINERALS
UNREGULATED CONTAMINANTS
PERFLUOROALKYL AND POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES (PFAS) (n,o) MISCELLANEOUS (o)
OTHER PARAMETERS
SECONDARY STANDARDS - AESTHETIC STANDARDS
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
IMPORTED WATER FROM METROPOLITAN WATER DISTRICT (CONT.) For more details or questions, contact Jason W. Dyogi, Water Quality Specialist, at 310.285.2467 •
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WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
14 Parameter Range
Average
Jensen
Plant
Weymouth
Plant
Most Recent
Sampling
Date
In
Compliance Major Sources inDrinking Water
State DLR
CCRDL (RL) PHG
State
(Federal)
MCL Units
1 23 45 6
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
Range 4.5 - 4.6
Average 4.6
2.5 - 2.6
2.6 Range 46 - 48 93 - 97
Average4795
Range
Average
Range 1.1 - 3.4 3.3 - 9.9
Average 2.2 7.4
Range
Average
Range
Average
Range
Average
12.4 Range 0.32 - 0.48 0.48 - 0.65
Average 0.40 0.56
Range
Average
8.4 8.1
Range 248 - 273 450 - 599
Average 258 565
Range 8.2 - 22 15 - 36
Average1122
12.1 - 12.2
12.1 AI NA
ppb NL = 800 NA 20 27 76
NA
NA
NA NA
ppb 80 NA 1.0
pH Units NA NA
SI NA NA
ppm
NA
NA
1,000 NA NA
170 130
ppm NA NA (0.2)
ppb NL = 1,000 NA 100
ppm NA NA (1)
pH
Chlorate
Potassium
Sodium
Boron
ppm NA
NA NA
Calcium Carbonate
Precipitation Potential
(CCPP) (as CaCO3) (p)
Corrosivity (as Aggressiveness
Index) (q)
Corrosivity (as Saturation
Index) (r)
Range 1.4 - 3.0 3.4 - 5.7
Average 2.5 4.5
Elemental balance in water;
affected by temperature,
other factors
Elemental balance in water;
affected by temperature,
other factors
Runoff/leaching from
natural deposits
Elemental balance in water;
affected by temperature,
other factors
Byproduct of drinking water
chlorination; industrial
processes
N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) Rangeppt NL = 10 3 (2) 2.0 ND 2020 Yes Byproduct of drinking water
chlorination; industrial
processes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) ppt 4 2.5 ND
Industrial chemical factory
discharges; runoff/leaching from
landfills; used in fire-retarding
foams and various
industrial processes
Not applicable
Runoff/leaching from natural
deposits; industrial wastes
Salt present in the water;
naturally-occurring
Salt present in the water;
naturally-occurring
Byproduct of drinking
water chlorination
Byproduct of drinking
water chlorination
ppb 60 NA 1.0 Sum of Five Haloacetic
Acids (HAA5) (t)
Total Dissolved Solids
Calculated (TDS) (s)
Total Trihalomethanes
(TTHM) (t)
UNREGULATED CONTAMINANTS
PERFLUOROALKYL AND POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES (PFAS) (n,o) MISCELLANEOUS (o)
IMPORTED WATER FROM METROPOLITAN WATER DISTRICT (CONT.) Parameter Units PHG
90th
Percentile
Value
Number of Sites
Exceeding AL
AL
Violations
Sample
Date
Copper 33 ppb AL = 1300 300 130 0NO
Lead 33
2020
0NO 2020ppb AL =15 0.2 1.2
Major Sources in
Drinking Water
Internal corrosion of household pipes;
runoff and leaching from natural deposits;
leaching from wood preservatives.
Internal corrosion of household water
plumbing systems; industrial manufacturers'
discharge; runoff and leaching from
natural deposits.
State and
Federal
Standards
MCL
Number of
Samples
Collected
LEAD AND COPPER RESULTS AT RESIDENTIAL TAPS
The State allows us to monitor for some contaminants less than once per year because the concentrations of these contaminants do not change frequently.
Some of our data, though representative, are more than one year old. In 2016, the City of Beverly Hills Water Utilities Bureau and City of Beverly Hills Unified School District voluntarily sampled for lead at all 5 public schools. In 2020, 33 residences were sampled for lead and copper at the tap. In 2017 and 2018, no K-12 public school submitted a request to sample for lead as part of Assembly Bill 746.
For more details or questions, contact Jason W. Dyogi, Water Quality Specialist, at 310.285.2467 • • • •
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15 Parameter Major Sources in Drinking Water Distribution System
Range
Average PHGUnits
State
(Federal)
MCL
1 23 45 6
Most Recent
Sampling
Date
In
Compliance
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
2020 Yes
State DLR
CCRDL (RL)
2019 NA
2019 NA
2019 NA
2019 NA
5.0 Range
Average
1 Range 0.6 - 0.8
Average 0.7
Range ND - 0.053
Average 0.001
Range 3.6 - 36
Highest
LRAA
Highest
LRAA
26.3 Range 2.5 - 9.2
7.1 Range 1.1 - 2.5
Average 1.8
Range ND - 3
Average ND
Range ND - 3
Average ND
Range ND - 0.4
Average 0.12
Total Coliform
Bacteria (c)
PRIMARY STANDARDS—Mandatory Health-Related Standards
SECONDARY STANDARDS—Aesthetic Standards
MICROBIOLOGICAL (b)
INORGANIC CHEMICALS
DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS, DISINFECTANT RESIDUALS, AND DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT PRECURSORS % Positive
Monthly
Samples
MCLG = 0NA
Number MCLG = 0NA
ND
0 Number of
Positive
Samples
1 0.1
Runoff and leaching from natural deposits;
water additive that promotes strong teeth;
discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.
Human and animal
fecal waste
Naturally present in
the environment
Total Chlorine
Residual
ppb 60 NA 1.0
Naturally-occurring organic materials
NA Soil runoff
1 NA Naturally-occurring organic materials
Drinking water disinfectant
added for treatment (0.05)
Byproduct of drinking
water chlorination
Byproduct of drinking
water chlorination
NTU TT NA
TON
Sum of Five
Haloacetic Acids
(HAA5)
Turbidity
3NAOdor Threshold
Color Units 15 NAColor
ppm MRDL = 4.0 MRDL = 4.0
Escherichia coli
(E. coli) (d)
Fluoride (j)
Nitrite (as Nitrogen)
Total Trihalomethanes
(Distribution System)
(Distribution System)
(TTHM) 1.0
Runoff and leaching from fertilizer use;
septic tank and sewage; runoff and leaching
from natural deposits
ppm 11 0.4
ppb 80 NA
ppm 2.0
INORGANIC CHEMICALS
Range 5.8 - 22
Average 9.7
Range 7.6 - 31
Average 14
Range 4.1 - 11
Average 6.5
UNREGULATED DRINKING WATER CONSTITUENTS--Fourth Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR4) (2018 through 2019) ppb NA NA
TT NA Byproduct of drinking
water chlorination
Byproduct of drinking
water chlorination
Byproduct of drinking
water chlorination
ppb
HAA6Br [Total of 6
Brominated Haloacetic Acids]
HAA9 [Total of 9
Haloacetic Acids]
HAA5 [Total of 5
Haloacetic Acids]
Manganese
ppb NA NA
NA
NA
Range 0.67 - 1.3
Average 0.96
ppb 0.4 TT NA Leaching from natural deposits
NA
For more details or questions, contact Jason W. Dyogi, Water Quality Specialist, at 310.285.2467
BEVERLY HILLS AND A PORTION OF WEST HOLLYWOOD DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT • -
,
'
. , • • •
-, •
' - - -
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
16 For more details or questions, contact Jason W. Dyogi, Water Quality Specialist, at 310.285.2467 (a) MWD monitors turbidity at the CFE
locations using continuous and grab
samples. Turbidity, a measure of
cloudiness of the water, is an indicator
of treatment performance. Turbidity
was in compliance with the TT primary
drinking water standard and the
secondary drinking water standard
of less than 5 NTU.
(b) Per the state's Surface Water Treatment
Rule, treatment techniques that remove
or inactivate Giardia cysts will also
remove HPC bacteria, Legionella, and
viruses. Legionella and virus monitoring
is not required.
(c) Compliance is based on monthly
samples from treatment plant effluents
and the distribution system.
(d) The E. coli MCL is based on routine and
repeat samples testing positive for
coliforms and/or E. coli, failure to test
for E. coli, or failure to analyze
required repeat samples.
(e) All distribution system samples had
detectable total chlorine residuals, so
no HPC bacteria analysis was required.
MWD monitors HPC bacteria to ensure
treatment process efficacy.
(g) Compliance with the state MCL for
aluminum is based on RAA. No
exceedances occurred in the Diemer,
Jensen, Mills, Skinner, and
Weymouth plant effluents.
(j) MWD was in compliance with all
provisions of the State's fluoridation
system requirements. Fluoride feed
systems were temporarily out of service
during treatment plant shutdowns and
or maintenance work in 2020, resulting
in occasional fluoride levels below
0.7 mg/L .
(k) Compliance with the state and federal
MCLs is based on RAA or LRAA, as
appropriate. Plant core locations for
TTHM and HAA5 are service
connections specific to each of the
treatment plant effluents.
(l) Compliance with the state and federal
bromate MCL is based on RAA. No
exceedances occurred in the Diemer,
Jensen, Mills, Skinner, and Weymouth
plant effluents.
(m) MWD's TDS compliance data are
based on flow-weighted monthly
composite samples collected twice per
year (April and October). The 12-month
statistical summary of flow-weighted
data is reported in "Other Parameters".
(n) All PFAS monitoring results were below
the SWRCB established CCRDLs. PFAS
results below the laboratory minimum
reporting level (MRL) of 2.0 ppt are
reported as “ND”.
(o) Data are from voluntary monitoring of
constituents and are provided for
informational purposes.
(p) Positive CCPP = non-corrosive;
tendency to precipitate and/or deposit
scale on pipes. Negative CCPP =
corrosive; tendency to dissolve calcium
carbonate. Reference: Standard
Methods (SM2330)
(q) AI >= 12.0 = Non-aggressive water; AI
10.0-11.9 = Moderately aggressive water
AI <= 10.0 = Highly aggressive water.
Reference: ANSI/AWWA Standard
C400-93 (R98)
(r) Positive SI = non-corrosive; tendency
to precipitate and/or deposit scale on
pipes. Negative SI = corrosive;
tendency to dissolve calcium
carbonate. Reference:
Standard Methods (SM2330)
(s) "Statistical summary represents 12
months of flow-weighted data and
values may be different than the TDS
reported to meet compliance with
secondary drinking water regulations.
MWD's calculated TDS goal
is ≤ 500 mg/L."
(t) HAA5 and TTHMs noncompliance
samples collected at treatment
plant effluents.
* As a wholesale water system, Metropolitan Water District (MWD) provides its member agencies with relevant source water information and monitoring results that they may need for their annual water quality report. MWD's compliance with state or federal regulations is determined at the treatment plant effluent and/or distribution system locations and source water or plant influent locations per frequency stipulated in MWD's State-approved monitoring plan, and is based on TT, RAA, or LRAA, as appropriate. Data above MWD's laboratory reporting limit (RL) but below the State DLR are reported as ND in this report; these data are available upon request. MWD was in compliance with all primary and secondary drinking water regulations for the current monitoring period.
Note: MWD monitors its distribution system for constituents under the revised Total Coliform Rule (TCR), Water Fluoridation Standards, and Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule (TTHMs, HAA5, and total chlorine residual).
Notes
NOTES
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
17 CONFIDENCE IN YOUR
DRINKING WATER
Answering your questions
about water quality and safety.
Each year in this Water Quality Report, we
update an ongoing dialogue we have with
Beverly Hills residents. We answer your
questions about water safety – whether
they are general, and of community-wide
relevance, or specific to an individual home.
Water Quality Specialist Jason W. Dyogi again
shares his expertise and the latest research to
provide complete, objective information.
While last year's conversation was
understandably dominated by concerns over
COVID-19, this year we see a return to general
questions about drinking water safety.
I read somewhere that Beverly Hills
water contained high levels of harmful
contaminants that can lead to cancer.
Is this true?
Only one report of which we are aware
alleges cancer-causing contaminants in
California drinking water, and it makes clear
that the City of Beverly Hills' water was not
among those sampled.
The group's report admitted that its
methodology could have “…overestimated”
the risks. Furthermore, its findings are
speculative rather than based on scientific
research and as a result contain numerous
unproven uncertainties.
This limited scope, which is not noted in the
report but in its public announcement, has
prompted some residents to assume the
entire state’s water supply is carcinogenic.
The City of Beverly Hills carefully complies
with the standards adopted by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and
the State Water Resources Control Board, and
contained in the Safe Drinking Water Act. The
law's rigorous scientific framework requires
every municipality to reduce the risk of
multiple contaminants. In addition, the City of
Beverly Hills is subject to continuous oversight
by the State Water Resources Board’s
Division of Drinking Water (SWRB-DDW)
and the California Office of Environmental
Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA).
We are concerned whenever any
organization puts out unfounded and
misleading reports that cause alarm to our
residents about the quality of their
drinking water.
What is the City of Beverly Hills doing
to ensure our drinking water is safe?
The City of Beverly Hills, in conjunction
with the Metropolitan Water District (MWD),
ensures the reliability and safety of our
drinking water through innovative water
treatment processes, investments in our
infrastructure, and resource management.
We employ highly trained and skilled staff
and take exhaustive measures to constantly
monitor and test our water throughout our
service area to protect public safety. Your
water is routinely tested at each step of the
process – from source, to wholesaler, to
city connection points, reservoirs and the
ultimate distribution system.
We also use only State certified laboratories
to test for emerging contaminants.
In addition to daily water quality monitoring,
the City submits weekly samples to Stateaccredited laboratories that I personally oversee. These samples are taken from
several regulatory-designated sampling
stations that are representative of the
entire city. In addition, I submit monthly
compliance reports to our drinking water
regulators that summarize both the Stateaccredited laboratory sample results and daily collected field results.
Your Water Utility Bureau even stays ahead
of potential health risks by seeking out
unregulated contaminants and monitoring
them as well. In contrast to the alarmist
report, our annual Drinking Water Quality
Reports provide transparency and detailed
data based on rigorous, year-round testing
of more than 185 regulated and unregulated
contaminants, taken throughout Beverly
Hills and portions of the West Hollywood
water distribution system.
Are these state and federal water
quality standards high enough to ensure
my safety?
Yes. California's are some of the strictest
water quality standards in the nation and
the criteria established for both federal and
state standards are based on cutting-edge
scientific work that also utilizes healthrelated data to protect public health.
These standards are developed by a variety
of governmental agencies that employ
experienced public health medical doctors,
toxicologists, epidemiologists, exposure
scientists, environmental scientists,
mathematical scientists, computer scientists,
and biostatisticians, among others.
Jason W. Dyogi - Water Quality Specialist
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
18 CONFIDENCE IN YOUR
DRINKING WATER
How well does your water stack up
against bottled water?
Bottled water is classified as a packaged
product, regulated by the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA), and is not necessarily
any safer than tap water. In fact, much of
bottled water comes from municipal water
systems. The bottle water industries have
to adhere to quality standards, the water
quality testing requirements imposed by
the FDA are far less stringent than those
we must meet, and their monitoring is less
frequent than ours. And, water bottling
companies are not required to share their
test results with consumers.
Bottled water creates a tremendous amount
of plastic, which leaves a big environmental
footprint. What’s more, a gallon of water
from your tap costs considerably less
than a gallon of bottled water. To instill
confidence in your tap water, Beverly Hills
launched a drinking water campaign called
#ReThinkBHTap. For more information visit
www.beverlyhills.org/bhtap.
Should I be stockpiling bottled water?
After a disaster like an earthquake, it’s
critical that you have water on hand in
case the water normally provided by the
City of Beverly Hills is unavailable. General
emergency preparedness for earthquakes
and other potential supply interruptions
encourages a two-week supply of bottled
water. Otherwise, Beverly Hills’ water goes
through several treatments before reaching
residents’ taps, including filtration, ultraviolet
light, and chlorine disinfection so there is no
threat to our public drinking water supply
and no need to use bottled water.
If I see white residue at the bottom of my
teakettle or spotting on my glassware, is
my water unsafe?
This residue is a harmless buildup of
naturally occurring minerals in water—
primarily calcium and magnesium, the most
common minerals that make water “hard.”
These minerals do not pose any health
risks. In fact, the National Research
Council (National Academy of Sciences)
states that hard drinking water generally
contributes a small amount toward total
calcium and magnesium human dietary
needs. Hard water is often preferred
over distilled or “soft” water for its health
benefits and flavor.
Testing for hardness is one of the many
tests MWD conducts. The average level of
hardness in our tap water ranges between
108 and 262 mg/L or 6.3 grains/gallon
and 15.3 grains/gallon.
Water hardness is classified by the U.S.
Department of Interior and the Water
Quality Association as follows:
Classification Mg/l or ppm Grains/gal Beverly Hills Tap Soft 0 – 17.1 0 - 1
Slightly Hard 17.1 – 60 1 – 3.5
Moderately Hard 60 – 120 3.5 – 7.0
Hard 120 – 180 7.0 – 10.5
Very Hard 180 and over 10.5 and over
I smell chlorine in my water. Why are
you putting it in our water?
Federal law requires utilities to make sure
that any harmful germs in the water are
eliminated. Utilities have used chlorine
for more than a century to help stop the
spread of cholera and typhoid. When
you smell or taste a bit of chlorine, you
can be assured that your water has been
properly treated.
If you prefer, simply let the water sit in a
glass or pitcher for a few minutes before
putting in the refrigerator. Fresh cold
water tends to taste better than room
temperature water.
To remove the deposits inside your
teakettle, boil equal parts white vinegar
and water. You can also remove any
buildup in your coffee maker by filling the
reservoir with equal parts of white vinegar
and water and turning it on.
Beverly Hills residents
and visitors can be
assured that drinking
water throughout the
city exceeds all state
and federal standards.
It is safe and of the
highest quality.
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
19 CONFIDENCE IN YOUR
DRINKING WATER
• Cloudy Water: When replacing water
heaters, changing faucet fixtures or
modifying a home’s plumbing, air can
enter into your plumbing system. Milky
water, also known as white water or
cloudy water, can be caused by air
bubbles that get trapped in the pipes
when your home’s plumbing system
is repressurized. This milk-like
appearance will begin to clear within
minutes, eventually rise to the top of
the glass and disappear.
We recommend opening the cold water
tap to vent the air first before opening
the hot water tap to vent the water out
of your plumbing system.
• Water Discoloration: Sudden changes
in water pressure, changes in the
directional flow of water, and
modifying, moving or shaking any
residential plumbing can potentially
stir up settled sediment in the pipes
and water heater that may have
accumulated over a long period of time.
This can result in a brown or yellow tint
to your water. Residents who return
from a long vacation, may also
experience the same. What they’re
seeing is dried sediment from the pipes
when the water evaporated.
We recommend running the cold water
for a few minutes to see if it is clearing
or still discolored. If still discolored, we
recommend flushing the pipes by opening
three or four cold water taps in the house
and let them run for about 20 minutes at
top pressure.
To avoid wasting water, you can use a
simple bucket to collect it and use it for
watering plants or other household needs.
After replacing my water heater, my tap
water looked “milky” and brown. Should I
have my water tested?
Why does the water in my bathroom
smell like a sewer or rotten eggs?
Usually when this happens, the odor is
actually coming from your kitchen or sink
drain, not the water from your tap. Organic
material over time can build up in the
drain and decay over time, releasing this
rotten egg smell. We recommend pouring
a half-cup of household bleach down the
drain and letting it settle in the drain for
a minimum of one hour or more before
turning on your water. The chlorine should
remove the odor you’re experiencing and
also restore your U drain water plug that
may have evaporated over time. Checking
for odor is one of the ways we monitor the
water throughout our distribution system.
We are required by law to provide a
State-accredited laboratory weekly odor
samples collected from state-approved
sampling stations.
Are water filter systems useful, and if
so, do you recommend a particular one?
If you are concerned with the taste of your
water, a carbon filter should improve the
water aesthetics.
However, the City of Beverly Hills does
not endorse or recommend any specific
manufacturer's system. Instead, we
recommend viewing the California Water
Boards' current listings of registered
Residential Water Treatment Devices to
find one to meet your specific needs.
That website is www.waterboards.
ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/device/
watertreatmentdevices.html
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
20 RETHINK YOUR
TAP WATER
BH H20 Facts: A Lot
to ReThink
• BH tap water consistently meets all
federal and state drinking water
standards. Not only does California have
some of the strictest water quality
standards in the nation, the criteria
established for both federal and state
standards are based on cutting–edge
scientific work that also utilize
health related data to protect
public health.
• Our system has never violated a
maximum contaminant level or any
other standard.
• Currently, Beverly Hills imports 100% of
its drinking water from Metropolitan
Water District (MWD), which annually
conducts 250,000 comprehensive water
quality tests on samples gathered
throughout its system. In addition,
Beverly Hills conducts +20,000 field
tests in its distribution system each year.
Make BH Water Taste
Even Better
• Chill before drinking.
• Upon returning from vacation, let your
tap water run a few minutes (you might
fill a watering can to avoid wasting
water) to optimize a fresh taste.
• If desired (it’s not necessary), install a
filter on your tap.
Easy, Convenient, Safe
We encourage you to ReThink your drinking
water by visiting www.beverlyhills.org/BHTap
where you will find important facts, FAQs,
tips and resources.
What better way to celebrate the world’s
most precious resource than by enjoying
a glass of fresh BH water … straight from
the tap!
A safe, healthy and affordable glass of
water is as close as your kitchen faucet.
Rigorously treated, monitored and tested,
drinking Beverly Hills tap water is not
only safe for your family, it’s better for the
environment, too. That’s the foundation
of our #ReThinkBHTap public information
campaign, designed to clarify the truth
about your drinking water.
Among the facts that may surprise you:
The City of Beverly Hills Water Utility
Bureau, like other public and private water
agencies, is more highly regulated and
must meet higher standards than bottled
water producers.
In contrast to bottled water, which costs an
average of 80 cents/gallon, BH tap is under
a penny! As conscientious environmental
stewards, you have the added benefit of
knowing you are not contributing to waste
caused by a glut of plastic containers.
Join Our Earth-Friendly
Campaign
We launched #ReThinkBHTap to align with
April’s Earth Month, since choosing tap
water over bottled water is better for our
environment. The launch dovetails with
national Drinking Water Week May 2-8, an
annual American Water Works Association
effort to recognize the vital role that water
plays in our daily lives.
#ReThinkBHTap educates the public via
a webpage and a stream of information
on social media, utility bills and other
communication tools. We also are making
presentations to community groups.
To request a presentation for your
organization, please contact Melissa
Gomez at [email protected] or
call 310-285-2467.
21 Once we complete the LCW1-La Cienega
well and place our six existing Hollywood Basin
wells back into operation this fall, we will have
a total of seven wells, with the additional
two forthcoming.
Concurrently, we are upgrading our water
system through a number of CIP projects, which
are in various stages of progress:
Reverse Osmosis Water Treatment Plant.
The installation of a new pretreatment system
to address changing water quality conditions in
the City’s Hollywood Basin groundwater wells is
under construction. The system, which will meet
stringent regulatory requirements, is slated for
completion in Fall 2021.
Pump Station No. 8.
Aging mechanical pumping equipment,
electrical, instrumentation controls, piping and
associated appurtenances at this pump station
have been replaced.
Water Main Replacement.
This multifaceted project will replace
approximately five miles of aging pipeline
infrastructure to ensure a reliable
conveyance system. The construction is
being implemented in phases to minimize the
impact on traffic. Phase One construction on
Loma Vista Drive between Evelyn Place and
Doheny Road is underway and on schedule.
Phase Two will begin mid-July 2021 and
last through the end of August 2021 on San
Ysidro Dr. from Tower Road to City limits.
Phase Three of the project will begin in late
September 2021 and will take place on
Coldwater Canyon Dr. from Beverly Drive to
Monte Cielo Drive.
The Water Main Replacement Project is
critical to maintaining the City’s water
infrastructure since these aging pipelines
connect to six of the nine reservoirs in the City
and have contributed to more than 25 main
line breaks over the years.
During this challenging pandemic year,
your Public Works Department has worked
diligently to ensure high quality water, a
more resilient water system and long-term
sustainability. Our abiding priority is to protect
the safety, health and quality of life for all
Beverly Hills residents and businesses, and to
deliver quality tap water you can count on!
Whether replacing aging water and sewer
systems or investing in infrastructure to
access new groundwater sources, we are
strategically focused on optimally leveraging
City resources, improving efficiencies and
reducing overall construction costs and time to
maximize your dollars. Here is a look at some
of the major Capital Improvement Program
(CIP) projects accomplished over the past year
and currently underway.
From Source To Curb
A primary CIP objective is to continually
modernize and improve the reliability of
our water system. We also are focused on
creating local sources of potable (drinking)
water supplies to lessen our dependence on
Metropolitan Water District (MWD). We are
happy to report that work is proceeding
as planned, and in some cases ahead
of schedule.
The pipeline conveyance system to our
Foothill Water Treatment Plant has been
completed in preparation for the transfer of
water from three new groundwater wells at
various sites south of the city.
After determining the groundwater quality at
one site, we have drilled the LCW1-La Cienega
well and are now equipping it with a pump
and motor so it can be placed into operation.
We are currently investigating a potential site
for the second groundwater well. To assess
the well’s viability, exploratory drilling has
begun so we can ascertain both quality and
volume of water. As with other wells, the water
will flow through the pipeline conveyance
system to the Foothill plant for treatment.
A third well will be identified, explored and
assessed in the near future.
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT
PROJECTS PROMOTE
RELIABILITY AND
SUSTAINABILITY
Water Main Replacement.
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WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
22 Pump Station No. 4 and Sunset Reservoir.
We have completed all upgrades to the aging
pump station’s piping and instrumentation,
chemical feed systems enhancements, and
pump station operability improvements.
These CIPs demonstrate how we proactively
upgrade, maintain and operate our water
system to ensure we meet the demands of
our residents and businesses today and in
the future. Once the Reverse Osmosis Water
Treatment Plant is operational this fall, we will
begin producing our own local supply, thus
reducing dependency on MWD, which currently
provides 100% of our drinking water. By the time
6 Hollywood Basin Wells and potentially 3 La
Brea Wells are operational, the City will be set to
produce over 30% of its potable water.
A Roadmap to the Future
We are excited to announce that our Integrated
Water Resources Master Plan (IWRMP) is
complete! This master plan will enable the City
to offset future water demand and optimize the
management and use of our water resources:
potable, wastewater and storm water.
We are intent on reducing dependency on MWD
while increasing emergency storage capabilities,
which currently stand at 10 reservoirs supplying
43 million gallons. The IWRMP will guide future
efforts such as identifying storm water capture
projects, pursuing additional groundwater
wells, exploring the potential for recycled
water, building new reservoirs and retrofitting
the existing Cabrillo Reservoir. This retrofit will
greatly increase Cabrillo’s emergency storage
capacity: from 800,000 gallons to 4.4 million
gallons of potable water in two and
one-half years.
Along with the IWRMP, your Public Works
Department is studying other ways and projects
to ensure a consistently reliable, safe, highquality water supply. These include potentially upgrading one of our three emergency
connections with the Los Angeles Department
of Water and Power (LADWP). The upgrade,
which would make the connection more robust,
consists of installing automated controls so we
can better regulate and control water flow.
If you have any questions regarding our CIP
projects, please feel free to call Gil Borboa at
310.285.2467 or [email protected].
Groundwater Wells = Renewable
Sources of Storage
Above-ground reservoirs are dependent
upon space availability, which is at a
premium in Beverly Hills. By exploring
and drilling new wells in the Central
Basin, which is a larger aquifer than
the Hollywood Basin, we are creating a
structure that greatly improves reliability
in the event of an acute emergency or
continuing drought.
•
' !
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
23 California is heading into
another drought.
With hotter weather repeatedly affecting our
state, our nation and the world, droughts in
California are becoming more common and
more serious. In fact, some scientists believe
that California never actually emerged from
the 2014-17 drought.
The 2020-21 La Niña pattern resulted in
a winter that was drier and warmer than
average, with a minimal amount of rain. In
addition, snowpack was less and the runoff
was not as productive as it is in wet years.
Finally, many state reservoirs are below
historical averages; a condition that does not
bode well over the short- or long-term.
With changing climate conditions presenting
a challenging present and future, we all
must adapt by making permanent water use
changes. The City of Beverly Hills is doing its
part by implementing efficient water upgrades
and practices throughout its facilities and
public venues.
Partner with Us to Promote
Water Efficiency
Water Conservation staff are eager to assist
our customers to use water efficiently with a
variety of services:
• A free online Water Tracking Program at
water.beverlyhills.org. This program
helps customers keep an eye on their
water use, alerts customers of abnormally
high usage and of continuous flow
issues and water leaks.
• Free water audits and landscape
evaluations. Our experts will visit your
home or office to present
recommendations on how to use
water more efficiently inside and outside
and tips on how to make your landscape
more water-wise and naturally beautiful.
• Fact sheets and flyers with tips on easy and
convenient ways to conserve water, inside
and outside your home.
January 2020 January 2021
Intensity
None
D0 Abnormally Dry
D1 Moderate Dry
D2 Severe Drought
D3 Extreme Drought
D4 Exceptional Drought
Maps from the National
Integrated Drought
Information System’s U.S.
Drought Monitor display the
major drought difference
in California from January
2020 to January 2021.
CONSERVE TODAY,
TOMORROW AND ALWAYS
Water Conservation Services
Offered By The City
Virtual Water Audits
Water Conservation Administrator Debby Figoni
offers customers on-site and FaceTime water
audits. With her virtual audits, she will walk
in and around the property with the resident.
She reviews the sprinkler settings and teaches
customers how to set it so they can use water
more efficiently.
If you would like to schedule an onsite or virtual
water audit, please contact Debby Figoni at
310.285.2467 or via [email protected].
On-Site Landscape Evaluation
Since two thirds of a typical, single-familyhome’s water usage derives from outdoor irrigation, we want to help our customers use
water more efficiently and reduce their water
bills through free landscape water evaluations.
The evaluation focuses on the most efficient
way to water your landscape and offers other
helpful information, including the pros and cons
of drip irrigation versus overhead sprinklers.
Information on beautiful water-wise plants are
available for those considering upgrading to a
California Friendly landscape.
To sign up, please contact Debby Figoni
at 310.285.2467 or via email:
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
24 Thank you for partnering with the City of Beverly
Hills. Working together to use water efficiently
is not only important —and necessary—for the
environment; it's a Beverly Hills way of life.
WATER EFFICIENCY
Keep An Eye Out For
Water Leaks
Did you know that a running toilet can
waste up to 4,800 gallons a day?
An easy way to test if your toilet is running
is to:
1. Put food coloring in the toilet tank.
2. Do not flush the toilet.
3. Wait 15 minutes and if food color leaks
to toilet bowl, you have a leak.
4. To avoid staining the toilet, flush after
test is completed.
Innovative Water Tracking
Program Monitors What You
Can't See
Track usage and discover leaks with the
City’s Water Tracking Program. Many water
leaks are not visible and can go undetected
for months. Not only is this wasteful, it adds
unnecessary costs to your utility bill. Where
most people are required to physically
check their water meters to detect less
visible leaks in their home appliances as
well as plumbing and irrigation systems,
Beverly Hills residents can sign up for a free
online program. Proven to save customers
water, time and money, this City program
displays daily water use and notifies the
customer of abnormally high daily usage
and/or continuous water flow issues.
Register For Automatic Alerts
One of the most valuable features of
this program is the automated alerts of
potential leaks and excessive water use.
Sign up today at water.beverlyhills.org.
Thats enough water to fill a swimming pool in 3 days
Fact: 1 Toilet can flow up to 200 gallons an hour/4,800 gallons a day
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
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WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
25 WATER EFFICIENCY
Irrigate Efficiently
You can keep your landscape beautiful and
healthy while making sure you do not overwater by following the City's watering guidelines and some of these water-saving tips:
Outdoor Water-Saving Tips
• Set your sprinkler timer to water 2 days a
week in the Fall, Winter and Spring and 3
days a week in the Summer (see our
Outdoor Watering Guidelines).
• Water each zone for about 8 minutes for
pop up sprinklers and 15 minutes for drip.
• Check your sprinkler system for broken or
clogged sprinkler heads, and check for
over spray.
• Consider drip irrigation for your trees,
shrubs and flowers.
• Use a broom, not a hose, to clean driveways
and sidewalks.
• Install a weather-based irrigation controller
(WBIC), which will automatically adjust the
watering schedule with the weather.
• Put a back-up battery in your sprinkler
controller to save your settings during
power outages.
• Use at least 3 inches of mulch around plants
and trees to retain moisture and keep the
soil cool.
• Consider replacing grass lawn areas with
drought tolerant and native plants that
require less water (rebates may
be available).
• Use a pool cover to reduce evaporation.
• Keep an eye on pool and fountain auto fills
so they only fill when needed.
Adhere to "Stage C" Outdoor
Watering Guidelines
We encourage all residents to continue using
water efficiently, which is why “Stage C”
watering regulations are still in place:
From June to September, outdoor watering is
restricted to 3 days per week.
• North of Santa Monica Boulevard
Monday, Wednesday & Friday
• South of Santa Monica Boulevard
Tuesday, Thursday & Saturday
From October to May, outdoor watering is
restricted to 2 days per week.
• North of Santa Monica Boulevard
Monday & Friday
• South of Santa Monica Boulevard
Tuesday & Saturday
Ongoing Regulations
1. Water only between the hours of
5 pm and 9 am.
2. Don’t irrigate after a measurable rainfall.
3. Don’t allow excessive water runoff due
to sprinkler overspray.
4. Repair leaks immediately.
Rebates, Tips, Questions
• Rebates are available for upgrading to
high-efficiency appliances including
toilets, clothes washers, weather based
irrigation controllers and more.
• For a list of eligible appliances
and rebate details, visit
www.socalwatersmart.com.
• The City offers low-flow showerheads
and sink aerators at no cost. Contact
Debby Figoni at 310.285.2467 or via
email: [email protected].
• For more water-saving tips and resources,
visit www.epa.gov/watersense and
www.BHSaves.org.
WATER QUALITY
2020
REPORT
26 WATER DISTRIBUTION &
TREATMENT SPOTLIGHT
The high quality and reliability of Beverly
Hills' drinking water, the same water used to
irrigate our gardens as well as fight our fires,
are two important aspects that all Beverly
Hills residents can count on.
Maintaining the high level of standards that
exceed all state and federal requirements
is the responsibility of our Water Treatment
division, under the supervision of
John Moreno. And, maintaining, repairing
and expanding the infrastructure that both
contains and carries that water from our
storage to our homes, businesses, hydrants
and other usage-points is handled by
our Water Systems division, headed by
Supervisor David Hillyer.
Ensuring Quality and
Meeting Demand
The treatment of the City's water is a roundthe-clock process. We maintain and oversee the functionality of our Reverse Osmosis
Treatment Plant, which will be fully operational
this fall, as well as our six wells, nine pump
stations, 10 reservoirs and 13 pressure zones.
We check for mechanical issues such as oil
leaks or equipment failure in our active wells
and pumping stations. Our SCADA (supervisory
control and data acquisition) system, which
collects and processes real-time data from
operational components, including sensors,
meters, pumps and control valves, ensures our
water distribution is operating in top condition.
We then verify the accuracy of what the
SCADA system reveals with supplemental
physical inspections.
We also control the water we receive from
the Metropolitan Water District (MWD) and
regulate our reservoirs and pressure zones
to meet—and exceed—anticipated water
demand throughout the city.
Another important function of the division
is taking daily samples throughout our
distribution system to test the quality of our
water. Continuously cycling the water supply
and taking daily samples and testing ensures
a thorough and accurate assessment of our
water. If there is any change in water quality,
we quickly determine the best course of action
and make adjustments as needed including, if
necessary, performing chemical treatment.
Water Systems:
Maintaining Delivery
Water Systems Supervisor Hillyer and his
staff of 18 operators are responsible for both
new service installations and maintenance
on existing water mains. At a pace averaging
three each week, our state-certified
operators run new service to customers,
whether that means construction to tap
down to the water main, installing new water
meters, or upgrading existing infrastructure.
Water samples are collected after every
repair on a water main to ensure there’s no
contamination and the highest quality of
water is upheld.
A substantial portion of this work is
maintenance of the existing water main
infrastructure and its more than 4,250 main
line valves. These valves are the heartbeat
of the water system, and each one is tested
on a three-year cycle. That amounts to
"exercising" about 150 valves each month
to make sure they are working properly, and
replacing or repairing those that are even
slightly faulty.
The proper functioning of our main line
valves is paramount to the system's
operation. It allows us to isolate and shut
down a specific section in our system for
repairs, and, if there is a water main break,
minimize any damage.
The system also has over 11,000 meters,
each of which also needs to be routinely
inspected. Ever since AMI (Advanced Meter
Infrastructure) was implemented throughout
the City of Beverly Hills in 2010, the division
carefully monitors real time data collected
to identify and promptly investigate faulty
meters, signal failures, and water main leaks.
We also maintain the 1,200 fire hydrants
located throughout the city to ensure they
are ready to flow with ample water pressure
in the event firefighters need to use them.
Maintenance includes checking valves and
employing Unidirectional Flushing (UDF) at
each hydrant, which is an excellent, waterefficient process that improves water quality and restores capacity. We not only maintain
the functionality but the aesthetics of our
hydrants, which are painted “platinum”
in keeping with the aesthetics of our
community. This is just another way we
demonstrate the detail and pride in our
work and how our Beverly Hills hydrants
are maintained.
And lastly, the Water Systems Division serves
as the first responder when a customer calls
regarding a service issue or complaint, such
as brown water. If the problem is caused
by our distribution system, such as a main
break or routine service flushing in the
property area, it is handled by our team. If
the issue is the result of internal plumbing
at the home or business, the case is
immediately forwarded to our Water Quality
Specialist for resolution.
“We meet all customers’ needs
while providing the highest
quality service possible.
We set the bar higher than
what is required and we
take great pride in that."
• • 1
•
This report contains important information about your drinking water.
Please contact the City of Beverly Hills Public Works Department at 310.285.2467 for assistance in Spanish or Farsi.
Este informe contiene información importante sobre su agua potable.
Favor de comunicarse con el Departamento de Obras Públicas de la ciudad de Beverly Hills al 310.285.2467 para obtener asistencia en español.
For more information visit:
www.beverlyhills.org
Get Involved
Public involvement is fundamental to ensuring that we are meeting water supply demand, water quality goals and the highest customer service level. We welcome your feedback; please see below for ways you can be involved with the
City of Beverly Hills: • Let us know how we are doing. • Sign up for the newsletters and alerts. • Participate in conservation events. • Attend commission and council meetings.
The Public Works Commission is an advisory group to the City Council that generally meets at 8:00 a.m. on the second Thursday of every month. For exact meeting dates and time, please contact the City Clerk at 310.285.2400.
If you have questions regarding this report or the quality of your water, please contact Public Works Customer Service.
Public Works Customer Service
Call: 310.285.2467 | Email: [email protected]
Public Works Department
345 Foothill Road, Beverly Hills, CA 90210
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Attachment 2
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City Clerk's Office
COURTESY NOTICE
The Council of the City of Beverly Hills, at its regular meeting to be held on Tuesday, June 14 at 7:00 p.m., or as soon thereafter as the matter may be heard, in the Council Chamber of the City Hall, 455 N.
Rexford Drive, Beverly Hills, CA 90210, will hold a public hearing to consider:
THE 2022 CITY OF BEVERLY HILLS WATER QUALITY REPORT RELATIVE TO
PUBLIC HEALTH GOALS (PHG)
The California Health and Safety Code Section 116470 requires public water systems serving more than 10,000 customers to prepare a report every three years including information on the detection of any elements in the water at levels above Public Health Goals (PHGs) or Maximum Contaminant Level Goals (MCGLs). PHGs are adopted by the California State Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). Similarly, MCLGs are set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). A public hearing is required to accept and receive public comments on the report.
Staff has prepared the report entitled, «Public Hearing of the 2022 Public Health Goals Report" to provide information regarding the quality of its drinking water supply relative to adopted PH Gs and MCLGs. Copies of the report will be available for public view online at the City's Public Water Resources Division webpage at www.beverlyhills.org/PHG and at the Beverly Hills Library. HOW TO PARTICIPATE IN THE CITY COUNCIL MEETING Members of the public may participate in the meeting by attending in-person or telephonically; and may view the meeting through live webcast or BHTV Channel 10 on Spectrum Cable.
To submit Audio/Oral comments during the hearing call: 310-288-2288, to submit written comments please email: [email protected], to submit video comments (during public comment only) use https://beverlyhills-org.zoom.us/my/bevpublic (passcode: 90210). To Watch Video Live use http://beverlyhills.org/live or On-Demand use http://beverlyhills.org/citycouncilmeetings. In-Person comments can be submitted with a speaker card to the City Clerk at the meeting.
It is recommended that public written comments be submitted to the City Clerk's office by 12:00 p.m. on the meeting date. Public comments will also be taken during the meeting when the topic is being reviewed by the City Council. Written comments should identify the Agenda Item Number or Topic in the subject line of the email. Written comments will be allowed with a maximum of 350 words, which corresponds to approximately 3 minutes of speaking time. If a comment is received after the agenda item is heard, it will not be a part of the record. Public comment via video conference will be 3 minutes per each individual comment, subject to City Council discretion.
Any interested person may participate in the meeting and be heard or present written comments to the City Council. According to Government Code Section 65009, if you challenge the Council's action in court, you may be limited to raising only those issues you or someone else raised at the public hearing described in this notice, or in written correspondence delivered to the City, either at or prior to the public hearing.
In Person Participation:
All interested persons are invited to attend and speak on this matter in person. Please see the above information on the location and time of this meeting. If there are any questions regarding this notice, please contact Public Works Customer Service at 310- 285-2467, or by email at [email protected].
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HUMAAHMED City Clerk
Pursuant to the Americans with Disabilities Act, the City of Beverly Hills will make reasonable efforts to accommodate persons with disabilities. If you require special assistance, please call (310) 285-2400 (voice) or (310) 285-6881 (TTY). Providing at least forty-eight (48) hours advance notice will help to ensure availability of services. City Hall, including the Council Chamber and Room 280A, is wheelchair accessible. The City Hall Council Chamber and Room 280A are also equipped with audio equipment for the hearing impaired. City o/Beverly Hills 455 N. Rexford Drive Beverly Hills, California 90210 t(310) 285-2400 }{310) 385-0862 BeverlyHills.org