Agenda packet — Big Bear Lake City Council, September 10, 2025 (part 1 of 3)

CITY COUNCIL

REGULAR MEETING AGENDA
SEPTEMBER 10, 2025
Open Session: 5:00 p.m., Hofert Hall, Civic Center, 39707 Big Bear Boulevard, Big Bear Lake, CA 92315

COUNCILMEMBERS

MAYOR PERRI MELNICK

MAYOR PRO TEM KENDI SEGOVIA

COUNCILMEMBER RICK HERRICK
COUNCILMEMBER CHARLES HICKS, JR.

COUNCILMEMBER RANDALL PUTZ

CITY STAFF

CITY MANAGER ERIK SUND

ASSISTANT CITY MANAGER/CITY CLERK ERICA STEPHENSON

ASSISTANT CITY ATTORNEY ALBERT MALDONADO
If members of the public cannot attend the meeting, the City encourages the public to submit written public communications about any item on this meeting agenda, or about any subject matter within the jurisdiction of the City, to the City Clerk either in person, via mail or by email at [email protected]. If your comment is related to a specific Agenda item, please identify the Agenda item in the header of your letter or the subject line of your email. All written communications received by the City Clerk prior to the meeting will be distributed to the City Council prior to the start of the meeting, however, the public is encouraged to submit comments by 8:00 am on the day of the meeting to ensure adequate time for City Council review and consideration.

OPEN SESSION - 5:00 P.M.

CALL TO ORDER

ROLL CALL

PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE

MOMENT OF SILENCE
EVENT CALENDAR FOR THE PERFORMING ARTS CENTER - For tickets please contact the box office at (909) 866-4970 or visit www.citybigbearlake.com • The Miss Big Bear Scholarship Pageant will be held on September 13th at 4:00 p.m. • The Office of Senator Ochoa Bogh presents a Big Bear Lake Town Hall Event on September 16th at 6:30 p.m.
• The Big Bear Valley Education Trust presents the Golden Apple Awards Celebration on September 21st at 2:00 p.m.
• The City of Big Bear Lake hosts a Jerrod Niemann concert, including special guest Kim Johnson on September 27th at 7:30 p.m.

CITY COUNCIL AGENDA
SEPTEMBER 10, 2025 - Page 2

PRESENTATIONS
• Presentation from Local ACT (All Children Thrive) students highlighting their recent trip to Sacramento, where they had an opportunity to work on their leadership, public speaking, and civic engagement skills.
• Presentation from Bear Valley Community Healthcare District (BVCHD) Chief Executive Officer Evan Rayner providing information on recent ballot Measure U, the proposed hospital facility expansion and related BVCHD information.
• Presentation from a SBCTA representative regarding how Measure I contributions fund local transportation projects.
• Presentation of a Proclamation declaring September 2025 as National Preparedness Month, which is an annual campaign meant to remind everyone that preparing for emergencies and disasters can keep them, their families and their communities safe.
• Presentation to Kelly Ent, Deputy City Manager / Chief Financial Officer recognizing her 24 years of dedicated City service and wishing her well on this upcoming retirement and future endeavors.

CITY MANAGER ANNOUNCEMENTS IN RESPONSE TO PUBLIC COMMENTS MADE AT THE 8/13/25 REGULAR CITY COUNCIL MEETINGS
PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS (PART 1)
At this time, general Public comment is permitted only on consent calendar items and other matters not listed on the posted agenda that are within the subject matter and jurisdiction of the City. Public comment on specific items listed on the posted agenda, such as public hearing & discussion or action items, will be taken later in the meeting when the item is called for discussion. When addressing the City Council, please keep the following in mind; State law prohibits the City Council from taking any action on items not listed on the agenda. Therefore, the City Council is prevented from engaging in discussion or deliberation regarding the public’s comments or inquires on non-agendized topics, although the City Council and/or City staff can make brief statements related to a public comment. Each speaker has a 3-minute maximum time limit subject to adjustment at the discretion of the Presiding Officer. To allow City Council sufficient time to address agendized City business, if Public Communications Part 1 exceeds one hour, the remaining public speakers will be allowed to provide public comments during Public Communications Part 2. Participants cannot cede their speaking time to another person. To help ensure a respectful and efficient meeting, please address the City Council directly, not the audience, and refrain from disruptive comments and applause. We appreciate your attendance and your participation in our local government proceedings.

1. CONSENT CALENDAR

1.1 APPROVE DEMANDS – CHECK ISSUE DATE 8/1/25 THROUGH 8/26/25 IN THE AMOUNT OF $1,186,155.06 AND THE PRELIMINARY JULY 2025 TREASURER’S REPORT

1.2 APPROVE MEETING MINUTES FROM THE AUGUST 13, 2025 SPECIAL

MEETING OF CITY COUNCIL

1.3 APPROVE THE ANNUAL CARRYOVER OF APPROPRIATIONS
Staff’s recommendation: Adopt a Resolution Approving the Carryover of Appropriations from Fiscal Year 2024-25 to Fiscal Year 2025-26.

CITY COUNCIL AGENDA
SEPTEMBER 10, 2025 - Page 3

1.4 APPROVE THE APPOINTMENT OF A CITY TREASURER
Staff’s recommendation: Adopt a Resolution Appointing the City Manager to Serve as the City Treasurer.

1.5 AUTHORIZE A NOTICE OF COMPLETION FOR THE CASTLE ROCK

TRAILHEAD PARKING LOT PROJECT
Staff’s recommendation: Accept the work of S. Porter, Inc. as complete, and authorize staff to file the Notice of Completion for the Castle Rock Trailhead Parking Lot Project.

1.6 AUTHORIZE RENTAL AGREEMENTS, PURCHASE ORDERS AND ON-CALL AGREEMENTS RELATED TO SNOW REMOVAL OPERATIONS FOR THE 2025- 26 WINTER SEASON
Staff’s recommendation: Adopt a Resolution Authorizing Rental Agreements, Purchase Orders, and On-Call Agreements Related to Snow Removal Operations for the 2025-26 Winter Season.

1.7 AWARD A CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT – SANITATION GENERATORS

REPLACEMENT PROJECT
Staff’s recommendation: Adopt a Resolution Awarding a Construction Contract to Big Bear Electric Inc. for the Installation of Backup Generators at Sewer Lift Stations Nos. 1, 9 and 10.

1.8 AUTHORIZE A PURCHASE ORDER FOR A REPLACEMENT STANDBY GENERATOR FOR LIFT STATION NO. 8
Staff’s recommendation: Authorize a purchase order with Bay City Electric Works for a replacement Standby Generator at Lift Station No. 8 and find the project categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

1.9 AWARD A CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT – CIPP SEWER REPAIRS PROJECT Staff’s recommendation: Adopt a Resolution Awarding a Construction Contract to Romans Construction for the Cured-In-Place Pipe (CIPP) Sewer Repairs Project; and Finding the Project Categorically Exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act.

1.10 AUTHORIZE AN AGREEMENT FOR MUNICIPAL CODE ENFORCEMENT

LEGAL SERVICES
Staff’s recommendation: Adopt a Resolution Authorizing a Professional Services Agreement with Civica Law Group for Municipal Code Enforcement Legal Services.

1.11 AUTHORIZE ON-CALL CONSULTING ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT SERVICE

AGREEMENTS
Staff’s recommendation: Adopt a Resolution Authorizing On-Call Professional Service Agreements with IFC Computing Consulting, MV Cheng & Associates. and Tripepi Smith.

CITY COUNCIL AGENDA
SEPTEMBER 10, 2025 - Page 4

ITEMS REMOVED FROM THE CONSENT CALENDAR

2. PUBLIC HEARING - Any person may appear and be heard in support or in opposition to the proposal at the time of the hearing. If you challenge the action in court or an administrative proceeding, you may be limited to raising only those issues which you or someone else raised at the public hearing described in the notice, or in written correspondence delivered to the City at or before the public hearing.

2.1 INTRODUCTION OF AN ORDINANCE APPROVING DEVELOPMENT CODE AMENDMENT 2025-028, PROPOSING CITYWIDE REVISIONS TO
DEVELOPMENT CODE SECTIONS: 17.25.040 “ACCESSORY USES PERMITTED IN RESIDENTIAL ZONES”, 17.25.060 “ADDITIONAL SETBACK
REGULATIONS”, AND 17.35.030 “PRINCIPAL USES PERMITTED IN COMMERCIAL AND PUBLIC ZONES” TO INTRODUCE NEW STANDARDS AND

REGULATIONS RELATED TO THE KEEPING OF ANIMALS IN RESIDENTIAL

AND COMMERCIAL ZONES
Staff recommendation: Conduct a public hearing to hear any and all testimony, read the title, waive further reading and introduce an ordinance entitled: Ordinance of the City Council of the City of Big Bear Lake Approving Development Code Amendment 2025-028 Proposing Citywide Revisions to Development Code Sections: 17.25.040 “Accessory Uses Permitted in Residential Zones”, 17.25.060 “Additional Setback Regulations”, and 17.35.030 “Principal Uses Permitted in Commercial and Public Zones” to Introduce New Standards and Regulations Related to the Keeping of Animals in Residential and Commercial Zones and Finding these Amendments Exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act.

3. DISCUSSION/ACTION ITEMS

3.1 ADOPT THE CITY OF BIG BEAR LAKE EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN Staff’s recommendation: Adopt a Resolution Adopting the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Plan.

PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS (PART 2)

4. COMMENTS, ANNOUNCEMENTS & ADDITIONAL CITY BUSINESS
• CITY CLERK, CITY ATTORNEY & CITY MANAGER COMMENTS
• COUNCILMEMBER BOARD/COMMITTEE REPORTS & COMMENTS

ADJOURNMENT

CITY COUNCIL AGENDA
SEPTEMBER 10, 2025 - Page 5

TENTATIVE ITEMS TO BE CONSIDERED AT A FUTURE PUBLIC MEETING • 2026 City Council Meeting Calendar
o October 2, 2025 Adjourned Regular City Council Meeting • DWP Garstin Water Operations Facility Project Presentation o October 2, 2025 Adjourned Regular City Council Meeting Please note - The Wednesday October 8, 2025 Regular City Council Meeting will be cancelled and an Adjourned Regular City Council Meeting will be held on Thursday, October 2, 2025.

DECLARATION OF POSTING
I hereby certify under penalty of perjury, under the laws of the State of California, that the foregoing agenda was posted in accordance with the applicable legal requirements. Dated this 4th day of September 2025.

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

The City of Big Bear Lake wishes to make all of its public meetings accessible to the public. If you need special assistance to participate in this meeting, please contact the City Clerk’s Office at (909) 866-5831. Notification 72 hours prior to the meeting will enable the City to make reasonable arrangements to ensure accessibility to this meeting.

CONSENT CALENDAR REPORTS
Check# Vendor Date Amount
92786 San Bernardino County Sheriff's Dept 08/07/25 187,639.88 92787 CornerstoneCC 08/07/25 21,755.41
92788 HdL Coren & Cone 08/07/25 795.00
92789 Merrell Johnson Engineering Inc 08/07/25 290.00
92790 Southern California Mountains Foundation 08/07/25 128,795.41 92791 TruePoint Solutions, LLC 08/07/25 26,976.25
92792 Verizon Wireless 08/07/25 1,774.53
92794 Mountain Area Regional Transit Authority 08/07/25 41,666.67 92795 Bear Valley Printing Inc 08/07/25 207.70
92796 Execucom 08/07/25 746.03
92797 Cintas Corporation 08/07/25 935.57
92799 HdL Coren & Cone 08/07/25 4,791.25
92800 Lance Soll & Lunghard 08/07/25 39,872.00
92801 Mountain Trophy & Pro Shop 08/07/25 224.12
92802 Orkin Pest Control 08/07/25 239.00
92803 Ring Central 08/07/25 2,876.96
92804 Ashley Senter 08/07/25 1,820.00
92805 Triden Group Corporation 08/07/25 3,136.39
92807 Big Bear Valley Recreation & Parks District 08/13/25 5,000.00 92808 The Grizzly 08/13/25 693.00
92810 USARC 08/13/25 5,000.00
92812 Alliant Insurance Services, Inc. 08/13/25 527.00
92813 BlackHole Technologies Inc 08/13/25 1,969.78
92814 Butchers Blocks & Building Materials 08/13/25 1,378.48 92815 California Association Code Enforcement Officers 08/13/25 105.00 92816 Cintas Corporation 08/13/25 140.08
92817 Lumber City Corp. 08/13/25 956.11
92818 Laguna Vault, LLC 08/13/25 57.75
92819 Fisher Integrated, Inc. 08/13/25 1,200.00
92820 The Kinkead Entertainment Agency 08/13/25 11,250.00 92821 Mission Linen Supply Inc. 08/13/25 335.06
92822 Orkin Pest Control 08/13/25 161.00
92823 Triden Group Corporation 08/13/25 15,947.79
92824 Tripepi, Smith & Associates, Inc. 08/13/25 313.75 92825 Underground Service Alert Inc. 08/13/25 834.42
92827 Bear Valley Unified School District 08/22/25 5,000.00 92828 Big Bear Lake Urgent Care Inc 08/22/25 695.00
92829 Melisa Carlc 08/22/25 1,250.00
92830 Frontier Communications 08/22/25 539.87
92831 BBAP, LLC 08/22/25 1,398.59
92832 Orkin Pest Control 08/22/25 114.00
92833 Bear Valley Electric 08/22/25 148,419.58
92834 California State Highway Patrol 08/22/25 8,248.12 92835 San Bernardino County Clerk of the Board of Supervisors 08/22/25 50.00 92836 San Bernardino County Vehicle Svcs Dept 08/22/25 9,411.97 92837 City of Big Bear Lake Dept of Water & Power 08/22/25 7,885.72 92838 All Protection Alarm 08/22/25 1,808.26
92841 Big Bear Paint Center 08/22/25 274.74
92842 Butchers Blocks & Building Materials 08/22/25 240.77 92843 Bear Valley Printing Inc 08/22/25 577.43
92844 Calolympic Glove & Safety Co 08/22/25 177.01
92845 Cintas Corporation 08/22/25 2,166.57
92846 FedEx 08/22/25 235.50
92847 Frontier Communications 08/22/25 5,376.50
92848 Grainger Inc. 08/22/25 1,913.24
92849 Mark Roger Ward 08/22/25 5,200.00
92850 Steve Lawless 08/22/25 233.00
92851 Merrell Johnson Engineering Inc 08/22/25 36,692.25 92853 Mile High Sports & Equipment 08/22/25 2,527.98
92854 Mission Linen Supply Inc. 08/22/25 618.30
92855 Mountain Water Co 08/22/25 192.00
92856 BBAP, LLC 08/22/25 1,353.86
92857 Orkin Pest Control 08/22/25 114.00
92858 Statewide Traffic Safety and Signs Inc 08/22/25 43,680.00 92859 TruePoint Solutions, LLC 08/22/25 12,908.75
92860 Waxie Sanitary Supply Inc. 08/22/25 3,596.78
City of Big Bear Lake
Checks Issued 08/01/2025 - 08/26/2025
Item 1.1
Check# Vendor Date Amount
City of Big Bear Lake
Checks Issued 08/01/2025 - 08/26/2025
92861 Willdan Engineering Inc 08/22/25 32,642.00
ACH AccuSource, Inc. 08/13/25 150.00
ACH Autozone Investment Corporation 08/22/25 15.49
ACH Espyr 08/22/25 204.60
ACH Gary Payne 08/22/25 1,650.00
ACH Granite Construction Company 08/22/25 305,215.71
ACH Phase II Systems 08/22/25 2,268.89
ACH TASC Client Invoices 08/11/25 82.46
ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems 08/14/25 29,847.80 ACH Valero Marketing & Supply Co 08/13/25 766.93
1,186,155.06
Check# Vendor/Employee Transaction Amount
City Council 4110
92804 Ashley Senter State of the City Outreach Event 08/07/25 1,000.00 92807 Big Bear Valley Recreation & Parks District City Grant Reimbursement - Senior Nutrition Program 08/13/25 5,000.00 92810 USARC City Grant Reimbursement - Therapeutic Recreation for Disabilities 08/13/25 5,000.00 92827 Bear Valley Unified School District City Grant Reimbursement - Student Outreach Services 08/22/25 5,000.00 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Council Provisions/Cal Cities Conference Expense/Meeting Provisions 08/14/25 794.34 City Council Total 16,794.34
City Manager 4120
ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Cal Cities Conference Exp/Meeting Expense/State of County Event Reg/Office Supplies 08/14/25 290.88 City Manager Total 290.88
City Clerk & Communications 4130
92801 Mountain Trophy & Pro Shop Charitable Event Sponsorship 08/07/25 224.12 92804 Ashley Senter Special Event Expense - Village Concert Series 08/07/25 820.00 92812 Alliant Insurance Services, Inc. Special Event Expense - Village Concert Series 08/13/25 527.00 92814 Butchers Blocks & Building Materials Special Event Expense - Village Concert Series 08/13/25 6.36 92818 Laguna Vault, LLC Document Storage - August 08/13/25 57.75 92820 The Kinkead Entertainment Agency Special Event Expense - Jerrod Niemann Concert 08/13/25 11,250.00 92834 California State Highway Patrol Special Event Expense - 4th of July 08/22/25 8,248.12 92843 Bear Valley Printing Inc Special Event Expense - Village Concert Series 08/22/25 577.43 92858 Statewide Traffic Safety and Signs Inc Special Event Expense - Tour de Big Bear 08/22/25 43,680.00 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Village Concert Exp/Office Supplies/Training Exp/Community Outreach/CMCA Membership 08/14/25 5,564.66 City Clerk & Communications Total 70,955.44
Finance 4140
92788 HdL Coren & Cone Professional Services 08/07/25 795.00 92799 HdL Coren & Cone Professional Services 08/07/25 4,791.25 92800 Lance Soll & Lunghard Professional Services 08/07/25 15,456.00 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Office Supplies 08/14/25 27.24 Finance Services Total 21,069.49
Staff Services & Risk Management 4150
92828 Big Bear Lake Urgent Care Inc Recruitment Expense 08/22/25 695.00 ACH TASC Client Invoices Administrative Fees 08/11/25 82.46 ACH AccuSource, Inc. Professional Services 08/13/25 150.00 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Employee Engagement/Training Expense/Office Supplies/Recruitment Expense 08/14/25 1,583.27 ACH Espyr EAP Services - August 08/22/25 204.60
ACH Phase II Systems PARS Administrative Fees 08/22/25 2,268.89 Staff Services & Risk Management Total 4,984.22
City Attorney 4170
92808 The Grizzly Legal Notices 08/13/25 693.00
City Attorney Total 693.00
Law Enforcement 4250
92786 San Bernardino County Sheriff's Dept Qtrly Expenses/OT Charges Snow & TMP 08/07/25 187,639.88 Law Enforcement Total 187,639.88
Expenditure By Department
Checks Issued 08/01/2025 - 08/26/2025
City of Big Bear Lake
Check# Vendor/Employee Transaction Amount
Expenditure By Department
Checks Issued 08/01/2025 - 08/26/2025
City of Big Bear Lake
Animal Regulation 4260
92822 Orkin Pest Control Pest Control Services 08/13/25 161.00 Animal Regulation Total 161.00
Engineering 4310
92795 Bear Valley Printing Inc Parking Signs - Castle Rock Trailhead 08/07/25 207.70 92835 San Bernardino County Clerk of the Board of Supervisors Notice of Exemption Filing Fee 08/22/25 50.00 92836 San Bernardino County Vehicle Svcs Dept Fuel Charges 08/22/25 377.42 92851 Merrell Johnson Engineering Inc Professional Services 08/22/25 1,506.00 Engineering Total 2,141.12
Street Maintenance & Snow Removal 4320
92796 Execucom After-hours Call Service 08/07/25 373.01 92813 BlackHole Technologies Inc GPS Monthly Services 08/13/25 1,969.78 92814 Butchers Blocks & Building Materials Materials/Supplies 08/13/25 745.86 92816 Cintas Corporation AED Lease 08/13/25 70.04
92817 Lumber City Corp. Materials/Supplies 08/13/25 192.88 92821 Mission Linen Supply Inc. Uniform Laundry Service 08/13/25 268.04 92836 San Bernardino County Vehicle Svcs Dept Fuel Charges 08/22/25 3,241.10 92838 All Protection Alarm Alarm Monitoring 08/22/25 535.98 92841 Big Bear Paint Center Materials/Supplies 08/22/25 274.74 92842 Butchers Blocks & Building Materials Materials/Supplies 08/22/25 158.90 92844 Calolympic Glove & Safety Co Materials/Supplies 08/22/25 88.51 92845 Cintas Corporation First Aid Supplies 08/22/25 756.94 92854 Mission Linen Supply Inc. Uniform Laundry Service 08/22/25 494.64 92860 Waxie Sanitary Supply Inc. Janitorial Supplies 08/22/25 899.19 ACH Valero Marketing & Supply Co Fuel Charges 08/13/25 766.93 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Office Supplies/Meeting Expense/Provisions/State of the County Registration/Safety Supplies 08/14/25 1,915.51 ACH Autozone Investment Corporation Materials/Supplies 08/22/25 15.49 PW: Street Maintenance & Snow Removal Total 12,767.54
Vehicle Maintenance 4325
92821 Mission Linen Supply Inc. Uniform Laundry Service 08/13/25 16.77 92831 BBAP, LLC Vehicle Repair Parts 08/22/25 975.32
92837 City of Big Bear Lake Dept of Water & Power Water Usage 08/22/25 381.93 92854 Mission Linen Supply Inc. Uniform Laundry Service 08/22/25 30.92 92856 BBAP, LLC Vehicle Repair Parts 08/22/25 1,353.86
ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Vehicle Maintenance/Vehicle Repair Parts 08/14/25 225.37 PW: Vehicle Maintenance Total 2,984.17
Parking Lots & Facilities 4335
92814 Butchers Blocks & Building Materials Materials/Supplies 08/13/25 65.27 92817 Lumber City Corp. Materials/Supplies 08/13/25 274.32 92832 Orkin Pest Control Pest Control Services 08/22/25 114.00 92833 Bear Valley Electric FY25 EV Charging Stations Electricity 08/22/25 57,393.47 92837 City of Big Bear Lake Dept of Water & Power Water Usage 08/22/25 590.02 92857 Orkin Pest Control Pest Control Services 08/22/25 114.00 92860 Waxie Sanitary Supply Inc. Janitorial Supplies 08/22/25 899.19 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Materials/Supplies 08/14/25 1,322.83 PW: Parking Lots & Facilities Total 60,773.10
Check# Vendor/Employee Transaction Amount
Expenditure By Department
Checks Issued 08/01/2025 - 08/26/2025
City of Big Bear Lake
Planning 4410
ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Training Expense 08/14/25 45.00 Planning Total 45.00
Planning Commission 4411
ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Office Supplies/Training Expense 08/14/25 252.47 Planning Commission Total 252.47
Economic Development & Tourism Management 4415
92800 Lance Soll & Lunghard Professional Services 08/07/25 20,000.00 92815 California Association Code Enforcement Officers CACEO Certification & Membership 08/13/25 105.00 92836 San Bernardino County Vehicle Svcs Dept Fuel Charges 08/22/25 1,022.11 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems CALED Annual Membership/State of the County Event Registration/Office Supplies 08/14/25 619.68 Economic Development & Tourism Management Total 21,746.79 Building & Safety 4430
92836 San Bernardino County Vehicle Svcs Dept Fuel Charges 08/22/25 183.79 92861 Willdan Engineering Inc Professional Services 08/22/25 32,642.00 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Building Code Publications/Safety Inspection Supplies 08/14/25 2,460.68 Building & Safety Total 35,286.47
City Parks & Trails 4625
92814 Butchers Blocks & Building Materials Materials/Supplies 08/13/25 149.07 92817 Lumber City Corp. Materials/Supplies 08/13/25 278.21 92837 City of Big Bear Lake Dept of Water & Power Water Usage 08/22/25 4,089.23 92838 All Protection Alarm Alarm Monitoring 08/22/25 511.68 92860 Waxie Sanitary Supply Inc. Janitorial Supplies 08/22/25 899.19 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Holiday Décor Samples 08/14/25 457.34 City Parks & Trails Total 6,384.72
General Government 4800
92797 Cintas Corporation First Aid Supplies 08/07/25 515.34 92845 Cintas Corporation First Aid Supplies 08/22/25 652.70 92846 FedEx Shipping Charges 08/22/25 235.50
92855 Mountain Water Co Water Dispenser Rental & Water 08/22/25 192.00 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Shipping Charges/Office Supplies/Copy Paper Refund 08/14/25 -482.68 General Government Total 1,112.86
Information Technology 4810
92791 TruePoint Solutions, LLC Accela Implementation 08/07/25 26,976.25 92792 Verizon Wireless Cell Phone Service 08/07/25 1,153.45 92803 Ring Central Communication Services 08/07/25 2,876.96 92805 Triden Group Corporation Computer Equipment 08/07/25 3,136.39 92819 Fisher Integrated, Inc. Video Streaming 08/13/25 1,200.00 92823 Triden Group Corporation It Services/Computer Supplies 08/13/25 15,947.79 92829 Melisa Carlc GIS Services 08/22/25 1,250.00
92847 Frontier Communications Telephone Service 08/22/25 4,296.76 92849 Mark Roger Ward IT Consulting Services 08/22/25 5,200.00 92859 TruePoint Solutions, LLC Accela Implementation 08/22/25 12,908.75 Check# Vendor/Employee Transaction Amount
Expenditure By Department
Checks Issued 08/01/2025 - 08/26/2025
City of Big Bear Lake
ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Adobe Subscription/Professional Platforms/Computer Supplies 08/14/25 10,340.58 Technology Services Total 85,286.93
Civic Center 4820
92797 Cintas Corporation AED Lease 08/07/25 420.23
92802 Orkin Pest Control Pest Control Services 08/07/25 239.00 92814 Butchers Blocks & Building Materials Materials/Supplies 08/13/25 127.85 92817 Lumber City Corp. Materials/Supplies 08/13/25 173.21 92821 Mission Linen Supply Inc. Uniform Laundry Service 08/13/25 23.45 92833 Bear Valley Electric FY25 Electricity Usage 08/22/25 68,269.57 92836 San Bernardino County Vehicle Svcs Dept Fuel Charges 08/22/25 2,525.68 92837 City of Big Bear Lake Dept of Water & Power Water Usage 08/22/25 578.54 92838 All Protection Alarm Alarm Monitoring 08/22/25 607.62 92848 Grainger Inc. Materials/Supplies 08/22/25 1,802.40 92854 Mission Linen Supply Inc. Uniform Laundry Service 08/22/25 43.28 92860 Waxie Sanitary Supply Inc. Janitorial Supplies 08/22/25 899.21 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Trash Receptacles 08/14/25 775.76 Civic Center Total 76,485.80
PAC Operations & Maintenance 4821
92814 Butchers Blocks & Building Materials Materials/Supplies 08/13/25 119.76 92817 Lumber City Corp. Materials/Supplies 08/13/25 7.46 92833 Bear Valley Electric FY25 Electricity Usage 08/22/25 22,756.54 92838 All Protection Alarm Alarm Monitoring 08/22/25 152.98 92850 Steve Lawless Piano Tuning 08/22/25 233.00
ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Theatre Supplies 08/14/25 113.25 ACH Gary Payne Theatre Maintenance & Support 08/22/25 1,650.00 PAC Operations & Maintenance Total 25,032.99
Sanitation 250
92792 Verizon Wireless Cell Phone Service 08/07/25 479.12 92796 Execucom After-hours Call Service 08/07/25 373.02 92800 Lance Soll & Lunghard Professional Services 08/07/25 2,208.00 92814 Butchers Blocks & Building Materials Materials/Supplies 08/13/25 164.31 92816 Cintas Corporation AED Lease 08/13/25 70.04
92817 Lumber City Corp. Materials/Supplies 08/13/25 30.03 92825 Underground Service Alert Inc. Underground Dig Alert Services 08/13/25 834.42 92830 Frontier Communications Telephone Service 08/22/25 539.87 92831 BBAP, LLC Vehicle Repair Parts 08/22/25 423.27
92836 San Bernardino County Vehicle Svcs Dept Fuel Charges 08/22/25 2,061.87 92837 City of Big Bear Lake Dept of Water & Power Water Usage 08/22/25 54.84 92842 Butchers Blocks & Building Materials Materials/Supplies 08/22/25 81.87 92844 Calolympic Glove & Safety Co Materials/Supplies 08/22/25 88.50 92845 Cintas Corporation First Aid Supplies 08/22/25 756.93 92847 Frontier Communications Telephone Service 08/22/25 1,079.74 92848 Grainger Inc. Materials/Supplies 08/22/25 110.84
92851 Merrell Johnson Engineering Inc Professional Services 08/22/25 502.00 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Safety Supplies/CWEA Annual Membership/Laundry Equipment 08/14/25 2,491.63 Sanitation Total 12,350.30
Check# Vendor/Employee Transaction Amount
Expenditure By Department
Checks Issued 08/01/2025 - 08/26/2025
City of Big Bear Lake
Property Lease General Operations 255
92824 Tripepi, Smith & Associates, Inc. Professional Services 08/13/25 313.75 92853 Mile High Sports & Equipment Leisure Bear Asphalt Removal 08/22/25 2,527.98 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Leisure Bear Community Outreach & Support 08/14/25 25.57 Property Lease General Operations Total 2,867.30
Mountain Transit 282
92794 Mountain Area Regional Transit Authority No-Fare Trolley Contribution - August 08/07/25 41,666.67 Mountain Transit Total 41,666.67
Village Streetscape Maintenance 291
92837 City of Big Bear Lake Dept of Water & Power Water Usage 08/22/25 2,191.16 Village Streetscape Maintenance Total 2,191.16
Capital Projects 321
92787 CornerstoneCC PAC Restrooms Improvements Project - Retention Released 08/07/25 21,755.41 92790 Southern California Mountains Foundation CA 4 All Youth Workforce Project 08/07/25 128,795.41 92851 Merrell Johnson Engineering Inc Sanitation Infrastructure 08/22/25 6,037.50 Capital Projects Total 156,588.32
Street Improvement Projects 350
92789 Merrell Johnson Engineering Inc Field Inspection Services - Moonridge Road & Rathbun Drive 08/07/25 290.00 92851 Merrell Johnson Engineering Inc Moonridge Road Rehabilitation Project 08/22/25 28,144.75 ACH US Bank Corporate Payment Systems Moonridge Road Rehabilitation Project 08/14/25 1,024.42 ACH Granite Construction Company Moonridge Road & Rathbun Drive Rehabilitation Projects 08/22/25 305,215.71 Capital Projects/ Street Improvements Total 334,674.88
Refuse 550
92792 Verizon Wireless Cell Phone Service 08/07/25 141.96 92800 Lance Soll & Lunghard Professional Services 08/07/25 2,208.00 92821 Mission Linen Supply Inc. Uniform Laundry Service 08/13/25 26.80 92851 Merrell Johnson Engineering Inc Professional Services 08/22/25 502.00 92854 Mission Linen Supply Inc. Uniform Laundry Service 08/22/25 49.46 Refuse Total 2,928.22
1,186,155.06
DISTRIBUTION OF TREASURY CASH Rate Amount % of Total
Demand Account $ 1.91% 601,104
Imprest Cash - Payroll $ 0.63% 199,220
Imprest Cash $ 0.01% 1,625
Dental Self Insured Checking $ 0.55% 171,818
Local Agency Investment Fund (LAIF) 4.258% 30,544,313 $ 96.91% Total Cash In Treasury: 31,518,081 $ 100.00%
INVESTMENT ACTIVITY Days Deposits Withdrawals
LAIF Average Life (Days) of Portfolio 248
LAIF Transactions $950,000 -$3,500,000
Interest Received in Fiscal Year 2025-26 $359,388
DISTRIBUTION OF CASH BY FUND July 2025 June 2025 Change General $ 27,126,170 26,428,814 $ (697,357) $
Sanitation $ 5,846,668 5,663,381 $ (183,287) $
Capital Improvement $ (1,669,150) (2,905,481) $ (1,236,331) $ Refuse $ 1,554,602 1,133,331 $ (421,271) $
Trust $ 263,273 232,315 $ (30,958) $
Successor Agency $ 619,865 366,897 $ (252,968) $
AB 3229 Supp Law Enforce $ 451,711 451,711 $ - $
Fire Protection District $ - 147,113 $ 147,113 $
Total Cash in Treasury: 31,518,081 $ 34,193,139 $ (2,675,059) $ CASH WITH FISCAL AGENT - RESERVE FUNDS Cost Basis Market Value Current Yield 2005 Revenue Refunding Bonds
Big Bear Lake Reserve Fund $ 637,139 637,139 $ 4.19%
Moonridge Reserve Fund $ 90,751 90,751 $ 4.19%
1999 IA Tax Allocation Bonds $ 289,289 289,289 $ 4.19%
- The aforementioned investments conform to the City's investment policy. (Res. 2022-64) - Cash is sufficient to meet needs of the next 6 months. - Interest earned on invested cash is accrued on a quarterly basis.

Pursuant to California Government Code 53647 all local government agencies are required to report the current market value of investments under management by an outside party. The reserve funds for the aforementioned bond issues are held and managed by the City's Trustee, Union Bank.

CITY OF BIG BEAR LAKE

TREASURER'S REPORT
July, 2025
Preliminary
Special Meeting Minutes – August 13, 2025
-
A Special Meeting of the City Council of the City of Big Bear Lake was called to order by Mayor Melnick at 1:02 p.m., Wednesday, August 13, 2025, at the Civic Center, 39707 Big Bear Boulevard, Big Bear Lake, California.

OPEN SESSION
Flag Salute: Flag Salute led by Mayor Pro Tem Segovia
Councilmembers Present: Mayor Perri Melnick
Mayor Pro Tem Kendi Segovia
Councilmember Rick Herrick
Councilmember Charles Hicks, Jr.

Councilmember Randall Putz (arrived at 1:03 p.m.)
Others Present: City Clerk Erica Stephenson
Others Participating Virtually: City Attorney Stephen P. Deitsch

PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS
None.

1. DISCUSSION/ACTION ITEMS

1. DISCUSSION RELATED TO THE CITY COUNCIL’S AUTHORITY TO APPOINT THE BIG BEAR LAKE DEPARTMENT OF WATER AND POWER (DWP) COMMISSIONERS.

City Attorney Stephen P. Deitsch provided the City Council an overview of the City Council’s authority to appoint DWP Board of Commissioners and reviewed the appointment process.

2. CONDUCT INTERVIEWS OF DWP BOARD MEMBER APPLICANTS.

The City Council conducted interviews of the following DWP Board of Commissioner applicants.

1. Craig Hjorth

2. James Smith

3. Michael Coia

4. Matt Scriven
At the hour of 2:19 p.m., Mayor Melnick called for a short recess.

At the hour of 2:31 p.m., Mayor Melnick reconvened the meeting.

Item 1.2

Page 2 ends

Special Meeting Minutes
August 13, 2025

3. DISCUSSION AND ACTION TO APPOINT TWO (2) DWP BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS FOR A FOUR-YEAR TERM EXPIRING JUNE 30, 2029.

Councilmember Hicks nominated Matt Scriven and Craig Hjorth to the DWP Board of Commissioners with a four (4) year term expiring on June 30, 2029.

The nomination to appoint Matt Scriven and Craig Hjorth to a four (4) year term expiring on June 30, 2029, was approved by the following vote:

AYES: Herrick, Putz, Segovia, Hicks, Melnick
NOES: None
ABSTAIN: None
ABSENT: None
Mayor Melnick’s nomination to appoint James Smith as an alternate candidate to serve on the DWP Board of Commissioners in the event that there is an unforeseen vacancy within the next ninety (90) days, was approved by the following vote:

AYES: Hicks, Segovia, Herrick, Putz, Melnick
NOES: None
ABSTAIN: None
ABSENT: None

ADJOURNMENT
There being no further business to come before the City Council at this Special Meeting, Mayor Melnick adjourned the meeting at 2:47 p.m.
_______________________
Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

MEETING
DATE: September 10, 2025
TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
THROUGH: Erik Sund, City Manager
FROM: Kelly Ent, Deputy City Manager / Chief Financial Officer SUBJECT: Approve the Annual Carryover of Appropriations

BACKGROUND & DISCUSSION
Annually, the City Council adopts a budget establishing appropriations for expenditures anticipated in the upcoming fiscal year. During the course of operations, the City Council may amend the adopted budget to establish appropriations for newly identified projects, acquisitions, or operating needs. At the close of the fiscal year, projects/services which have not yet been completed or goods which have not yet been received will necessitate the expenditure to take place in the next fiscal year. To ensure a budget is available to complete these commitments, the carryover of appropriations is needed.

As of June 30, 2025, the Fiscal Year 2024-25 approved appropriations for expenditures yet to be made is $5,670,944.40. These appropriations include encumbered commitments and projects underway which will need to be appropriated in Fiscal Year 2025-26 to be completed. A list of the various carryover appropriations is included on the attached table. Of the total carryover appropriations, approximately $5.4 million is associated with various multi-year capital projects, approximately $220,000 is for General Fund appropriations, and the remaining carryovers are for ongoing commitments within the Property Lease General Operations, Village Maintenance District, and Refuse funds. The proposed resolution is procedural in nature and does not represent any new appropriations.

FISCAL IMPACT
Approval of the attached resolution will result in the carryover of previously approved appropriations in the amount of $5,670,944.40 from Fiscal Year 2024-25 to Fiscal Year 2025-26.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
This action has no environmental impact pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

CONSIDERATION OF STRATEGIC PRIORITIES

1. Ensure fiscal responsibility.

Item 1.3

RECOMMENDED ACTION
It is recommended that the City Council adopt a Resolution Approving the Carryover of Appropriations from Fiscal Year 2024-25 to Fiscal Year 2025-26.

ATTACHMENT

1. Resolution No. 2025-XX (including Exhibit A- Carryover Appropriations) RESOLUTION NO. 2025-XX

RESOLUTION APPROVING THE CARRYOVER OF APPROPRIATIONS
FROM FISCAL YEAR 2024-25 TO FISCAL YEAR 2025-26
WHEREAS, the City Council approved certain appropriations in the Fiscal Year 2024-25 Budget for projects and commitments yet to be completed at June 30, 2025; and WHEREAS, the City Council desires to carryover such appropriations from Fiscal Year 2024-25 to Fiscal Year 2025-26 in order to complete and pay for projects and commitments associated with these appropriations.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY the City Council that it does hereby adopt the carryover changes (appropriation increases) to specific accounts in the adopted budget for Fiscal Year 2025-26 as shown in the table attached hereto (Exhibit A).

PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 10th day of September, 2025.

Perri Melnick, Mayor
ATTEST:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO ) ss

CITY OF BIG BEAR LAKE )
I, Erica Stephenson, City Clerk of the City of Big Bear Lake, California, do hereby certify that the whole number of the City Council of the said City is five; that the foregoing resolution, being Resolution No. 2025-XX was duly passed and adopted by the said City Council and attested by the City Clerk of said City, all at a regular meeting of the said City held on the 10th day of September, 2025 and that the same was so passed and adopted by the following vote:

AYES:

NOES:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk
Item 1.3
Attachment 1
Reference Vendor Description Account Original Invoiced Remaining Carryover PO #14321 The PAW Mission Spay & Neuter Animal Services 110-4110-2688 20,000.00 (9,300.00) 10,700.00 10,700.00 PO #14324 Calif Joint Powers Ins Auth ADA Transition Plan 110-4150-2240 47,800.00 (38,500.00) 9,300.00 9,300.00 PO #14303 South Coast Ltng & Design Village Light Poles Replacement and Light Caps 110-4150-2552 7,612.54 0.00 7,612.54 PO #14319 Jarvis Restoration, LLC Emergency Response-Water Leak at City Hall 110-4150-2552 20,000.00 0.00 20,000.00 27,612.54 27,612.54
PO #14295 Leavitt Communications LLC Search & Rescue Supplies: VHF Radios, Antennas 110-4250-2305 10,746.03 0.00 10,746.03 10,746.03 PO #14278 Merrell Johnson Engineering Surveying Services-Unimproved Vacant Parcels 110-4310-2243 16,700.00 (9,750.75) 6,949.25 6,949.25 25Pgm Grants Various Business Improvement Grants 110-4415-2685 150,000.00 0.00 150,000.00 150,000.00 PO #14276 SBRK Finance Holdings, Inc Implementation of Employee Self-Service 110-4810-2242 7,680.00 (2,220.00) 5,460.00 5,460.00 General Fund Carryover Appropriations 220,767.82
PO #14173 Birtcher Anderson & Davis Association, Inc Improvement Plan Feasability Study 255-4270-3951 101,670.00 (92,117.03) 9,552.97 PO #14183 SWA Group Inc. Park Concept Plan Development 255-4270-3951 29,500.00 (26,102.36) 3,397.64 12,950.61 12,950.61
Property Lease Carryover Appropriations 12,950.61
PO #14303 South Coast Ltng & Design Village Light Poles Replacement and Light Caps 291-4361-2220 7,612.54 0.00 7,612.54 7,612.54 Village Streetscape Maint Fund Carryover Appropriations 7,612.54 PO #14166 Merrell Johnson Engineering Rathbun Creek Trail Extension 321-4346-2925 19,141.50 (10,853.50) 8,288.00 8,288.00 CV23-112 State of California Ca 4 All Youth Workforce Program 321-4346-2929 1,030,032.64 (378,790.24) 651,242.40 651,242.40 CIP Various Sidewalk Improvements 321-4346-2930 384,485.83 (332,159.50) 52,326.33 52,326.33 TDA Grant Various "SMORE" Division Creek Project 321-4346-3638 303,518.00 0.00 303,518.00 CIP 436,069.50 0.00 436,069.50
739,587.50 739,587.50
City of Big Bear Lake
Carryover Appropriations from Fiscal Year 2024-25
To Fiscal Year 2025-26
Item 1.3
Exhibit A
Reference Vendor Description Account Original Invoiced Remaining Carryover City of Big Bear Lake
Carryover Appropriations from Fiscal Year 2024-25
To Fiscal Year 2025-26
CIP Various Vehicle Acq/Replacements 321-4346-3900 383,026.50 (236,129.70) 146,896.80 146,896.80 PO #14268 Westrux International, Inc Equipment Replacement-International Truck Chasis 321-4346-3901 201,269.47 0.00 201,269.47 CIP Various Equipment Replacements 321-4346-3901 244,752.75 (140,395.63) 104,357.12 305,626.59 305,626.59
CIP Various Park Improvements 321-4346-3903 165,000.00 0.00 165,000.00 165,000.00 PO #14317 Peter Joseph Bucknam Parking Lot Pavement Management Program 321-4346-3905 15,020.00 (9,686.51) 5,333.49 5,333.49 CIP Various Civic Center ADA Upgrades 321-4346-3922 467,308.00 (447,498.00) 19,810.00 19,810.00 CIP Various Above Ground Fuel Tank 321-4346-3924 400,000.00 0.00 400,000.00 400,000.00 PO #14210 Design West Engineering, Inc City Hall Generator Replacement Project Design Services 321-4346-3961 21,990.00 (2,763.00) 19,227.00 CIP Various Civic Center Repairs 321-4346-3961 555,412.70 0.00 555,412.70 574,639.70 574,639.70
CIP Various 547 Cottage Lane Land Acq 321-4346-3974 450,000.00 0.00 450,000.00 450,000.00 PO #14289 SWA Group, Inc Conceptual Planning Services-Event Space Barlett Lot 321-4346-3977 33,000.00 (8,250.00) 24,750.00 24,750.00 PO #14239 Davey Resource Group, Inc Castle Rock Trail Head - Timerland Conversion Permit 321-4346-3990 8,400.00 (6,360.00) 2,040.00 PO #14330 Tom Dodson & Associates Castle Rock Trail Head - Environmental Svcs 321-4346-3990 10,000.00 (2,875.00) 7,125.00 CIP KOA Corporation Castle Rock Trail Head - Permit Services 321-4346-3990 6,500.00 0.00 6,500.00 15,665.00 15,665.00
PO #14226 Bay City Equipment Industries, Inc Sanitation Infrastructure 321-4555-2240 107,534.78 (92,433.97) 15,100.81 PO #14257 Sancon Technologies, Inc Sanitary Sewer Cured-In-Place Pipe 2024 321-4555-2240 487,976.00 (27,087.25) 460,888.75 475,989.56 475,989.56
CIP Various System Master Plan and Mapping 321-4555-3980 450,000.00 0.00 450,000.00 450,000.00 CIP Various Sewer Cleaning & Inspection 321-4555-3982 294,062.50 0.00 294,062.50 294,062.50 CIP Various Vehicle Replacements 321-4555-3992 140,000.00 0.00 140,000.00 140,000.00 Capital Projects Fund Carryover Appropriations 4,919,217.87 Reference Vendor Description Account Original Invoiced Remaining Carryover City of Big Bear Lake
Carryover Appropriations from Fiscal Year 2024-25
To Fiscal Year 2025-26
CIP Various Crack Sealing Project 350-4350-3545 75,000.00 0.00 75,000.00 75,000.00 PO #14329 CAT Tracking Inc 2025 Citywide Line Striping Project 350-4350-3549 169,900.20 (96,806.35) 73,093.85 73,093.85 CIP Various Drainage Master Plan 350-4350-3609 200,000.00 0.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 CIP Various Street and Drainage Improvement 350-4350-3620 402,039.66 (277,793.36) 124,246.30 124,246.30 Street Improvements Fund Carryover Appropriations 472,340.15 PO #14332 Recreate Waste Collaborative Education and Outreach for SB1383 Commercial Businesses 550-4570-1438 15,945.00 0.00 15,945.00 15,945.00 PO #14254 Lynn Merrill And Associates FY24/25 Task 2: Engineering Support related to NPDES 550-4570-2311 13,325.29 (1,046.98) 12,278.31 PO #14255 Lynn Merrill And Associates FY24/25 Task 1: Meeting Support and Prepare Annual NPDES report 550-4570-2311 12,944.57 (7,275.60) 5,668.97 PO #14256 Lynn Merrill And Associates FY24/25 Task 3: Commercial/FOG Inspections 550-4570-2311 10,225.55 (6,062.42) 4,163.13 22,110.41 22,110.41
Refuse Fund Carryover Appropriations 38,055.41
Total Carryover Appropriations 5,670,944.40

MEETING
DATE: September 10, 2025
TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
THROUGH: Erik Sund, City Manager
FROM: Erica Stephenson, Assistant City Manager/City Clerk SUBJECT: Approve the Appointment of a City Treasurer

BACKGROUND & DISCUSSION
On December 10, 2018, Kelly Ent was appointed to serve as the City Treasurer. Recently, Kelly announced her retirement from the City of Big Bear Lake, therefore a new Treasurer should be appointed to fill this vital financial responsibility. Section 702 of the City Charter reads, “There shall be a Treasurer who shall be appointed and may be removed by the Council. The treasurer shall be under administrative direction of the City Manager and shall perform those duties required by law, and provided by ordinance and resolution.” The City staff has already begun efforts to recruit for a Director of Finance, but it is anticipated that position won’t be filled for several months. Historically, the role of Treasurer has been appointed to the senior director responsible for the Finance Department. In light of the upcoming vacancy it is necessary to transfer the essential role of the Treasurer now, to a current executive level staff member to maintain the continuity of these important financial duties. It is recommended that the City Manager be appointed by the City Council to serve as the City Treasurer and perform the fiduciary duties associated with this crucial role. Once the City has hired a Director of Finance and it is determined this new staff member is prepared to assume the City Treasurer role, staff will seek appointment approval from the City Council prior to reassigning this significant financial responsibility.

FISCAL IMPACT
There is no fiscal impact associated with the adoption of this resolution.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
None requiring review under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

CONSIDERATION OF STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
This item aligns with the City Council’s Strategic Priority No. 1, to “ensure fiscal responsibility”.

RECOMMENDED ACTION
It is recommended that the City Council adopt a Resolution Appointing the City Manager to Serve as the City Treasurer.

ATTACHMENT

1. Resolution No. 2025-XX
Item 1.4
RESOLUTION NO. 2025-XX

RESOLUTION APPOINTING THE CITY MANAGER

TO SERVE AS THE CITY TREASURER
WHEREAS, on December 10, 2018, the City Council appointed Kelly Ent to serve as the City Treasurer; and
WHEREAS, due to the retirement of Kelly Ent and pursuant to Section 702 of the City’s Charter, the City Council now desires to appoint City Manager Erik Sund as the City Treasurer, in addition to his current responsibilities, in order to maintain the continuity of these vital financial duties; and NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Big Bear Lake hereby appoints City Manager Erik Sund to serve in the role of City Treasurer pursuant to Section 702 of the City’s Charter.

PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 10th day of September, 2025.

Perri Melnick, Mayor
ATTEST:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO ) ss

AYES:

NOES:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk
Item 1.4
Attachment 1

MEETING
DATE: September 10, 2025
TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
THROUGH: Erik Sund, City Manager
FROM: Sean Sullivan, Assistant City Manager
Israel Gomez Rosales, Associate Engineer
SUBJECT: Authorize a Notice of Completion for the Castle Rock Trailhead Parking Lot Project

BACKGROUND & DISCUSSION
Work has been completed on the Castle Rock Trailhead Parking Lot Project. The time is appropriate for the City Council to accept the work as complete and direct the filing of a Notice of Completion.

Castle Rock Trailhead Parking Lot Project
Contractor: S. Porter, Inc.

Date of Completion: August 29, 2025
Approved Contact Amount: $1,739,863.00 (Includes $227,000 contingency) Total Project Expenditures: $1,694,418.45
Amount Under Project Budget: $ 45,444.55
Upon approval by the City Council, staff will proceed to record the Notice of Completion with the San Bernardino County Recorder’s Office. No sooner than thirty-five (35) days from the recording, staff will release all project retention funds assuming that no claims are made against the contractor related to these projects. Retention funds are 5% of the total project billing.

FISCAL IMPACT
The Castle Rock Parking Lot Project was awarded as a part of the Fiscal Year 2024-25 Capital Improvement Program Budget. The project was funded by a $741,000 Federal Lands Access Program Grant and a $181,290 State Grant. The remaining funding was provided by Measure Y proceeds.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
At the time of authorizing the bid solicitation, the City Council found this project to be categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

Item 1.5

CONSIDERATION OF STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
This recommended action aligns with Strategic Priority No. 1 to “support and invest in sustainable infrastructure projects and programs consistent with the needs of our community”.

RECOMMENDED ACTION
It is recommended that the City Council accept the work of S. Porter, Inc. as complete, and authorize staff to file the Notice of Completion for the Castle Rock Trailhead Parking Lot Project.

ATTACHMENTS

1. Agenda Report for Award of Contract for the Castle Rock Trailhead Parking Lot Project (July 10, 2024- without attachments)

2. Notice of Completion

MEETING
DATE: July 10, 2024
TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
THROUGH: Erik Sund, City Manager
FROM: Sean Sullivan, Assistant City Manager
Jared Cheek, Public Works Manager, Capital Projects/Emergency Operations Israel Gomez Rosales, Associate Engineer
SUBJECT: Award a Construction Contract – Castle Rock Trailhead Parking Lot Project

BACKGROUND & DISCUSSION
The Castle Rock Trail is a popular and heavily used hiking trail located along the westerly City Limit on United States Forest Service (USFS) property. The trailhead has no designated parking facility and trail users generally park along State Route 18/Big Bear Boulevard in turnouts and within the shoulders of the highway. The heavy visitation of the trail and the lack of a designated parking facility has created traffic safety concerns within the area for many years. City staff has been investigating the feasibility of developing an off-street parking facility since approximately 2017 and this project will work to construct an off-street parking facility to serve the Castle Rock Trail.

There is an unimproved property at the southwest corner of SR-18 and Talbot Drive that has been the desired parking location since at least 2017. At the time that this concept was first explored, the property was privately owned and the then owner was pursuing the development of a residential subdivision. Staff at the time were engaged in discussions and negotiations with the property owner for the construction of a public parking lot for trail users within the proposed subdivision. In support of the potential development of a parking facility, staff pursued grant funds and in March 2018, the City was awarded $748,000 in grant funds from the Federal Lands Access Program, which supports the improvement of transportation facilities that serve Federal lands. Eventually, the plans for the residential development fell through and in November 2020, the City of Big Bear Lake purchased the 3.2 acre property (APN: 0306-011-02) to further the development of the Castle Rock Trailhead Parking Lot.

Beginning in the fall of 2021, the City began an extensive engineering design and environmental investigation and review process to design the proposed parking lot and satisfy the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). Given the challenging topography of the site, extensive geotechnical investigation was completed to determine the feasibility of earth moving and grading to accommodate the improvements. Based upon the findings of the geotechnical investigation, two design options were considered with one being deemed feasible within the confines of the ability to clear the site appropriately. The final design plans contemplate a thirty (30) space parking lot, with the appropriate ADA parking spaces, sidewalks to access the trail connection, and a public restroom. In order to construct this facility within this terrain, without Item 1.5
Attachment 1
blasting or other extraneous earth moving techniques, the area will require the construction of extensive retaining walls which will be variable heights with a maximum height of thirteen (13) feet at its tallest along SR-18. Additional, shorter, retaining walls will be constructed along the rear of the site to construct the necessary parking pad. The project will also include improvements to portions of Talbot Drive, including widening the road to enable access and the construction of a retaining and privacy wall along the east side of Talbot Drive to protect the directly adjacent property from any issues with vehicles entering and exiting the site.

As a part of the development of this project, City staff has worked in close coordination with representatives of the USFS and the Southern California Mountains Foundation (SCMF) given the impacts to a trail located on Federal lands. The USFS and SCMF are working on plans to construct a new trail connector from the planned parking lot to the existing Castle Rock Trail. An element of these plans include the eventual decommissioning of the existing trailhead just beyond the westerly City Limits, making this new parking lot the primary point of access for the Castle Rock Trail. Furthermore, as a part of the permits issued by the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) for the construction of this project as it interacts with Big Bear Boulevard, the City will be able to post and enforce parking restrictions along Big Bear Boulevard, within the City Limits.

This action will allow parking to be restricted requiring that all trail users park within the new parking lot to alleviate the traffic safety concerns, caused by parking, along Big Bear Boulevard.

A Mitigated Negative Declaration for this project was developed in accordance with the guidelines set forth by the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). This document was circulated for public review and comment in accordance with the CEQA guidelines and was presented at a noticed public hearing of the Planning Commission on March 20, 2024 where it was approved unanimously. At that same meeting of the Planning Commission, a Conditional Use Permit was also approved, providing the project with the necessary land use entitlements to proceed to construction. The Mitigated Negative Declaration, as well as the Conditions of Approval for the Conditional Use Permit, require that the City during and after the construction of the project mitigate substantial adverse effects on the surrounding properties to a less than significant level in relation to excessive noise, vibration, traffic or other disturbances, nuisances, or hazards which the City has agreed to and is positioned to do so.

As this project began to take shape in late 2021 and early 2022, staff was contacted by the property owners directly adjacent to the project site at 38605 Big Bear Boulevard with concerns about this project’s potential impacts to their property, including vehicles entering their property as they enter and exit the parking lot. Staff and the property owners have had numerous conversations related to managing the potential impacts and have agreed that the City will construct a retaining and privacy wall within the right of way to protect the property from vehicles entering and exiting the parking lot. The City will construct and maintain the wall in perpetuity and the property owners will provide the necessary easements and access that this may require and will not contest the project. The City Attorney’s Office has a prepared a draft agreement between the City of Big Bear Lake and the Lugo Trust, owners of 38605 Big Bear Boulevard to formalize this arrangement which is presented for the City Council’s consideration as a part of this action.

On April 10, the City Council authorized staff to proceed with a public bid process for the Castle Rock Trailhead Parking Lot Project. Staff executed this bid process in accordance with the California Public Contract Code and the City of Big Bear Lake Purchasing Guidelines. A mandatory pre-bid conference was held on Tuesday, June 11 which provided the opportunity for staff to review the project plans and field questions from several potential bidders. On Tuesday, June 25, 2024, staff received, opened, and publicly read aloud two (2) sealed bids for this project with the following results:

Bidder Location Total Base Bid Price
S. Porter, Inc. Big Bear Lake, CA $ 1,512,863
Granite Construction Co. Indio, CA $ 2,299,998
Staff has reviewed the bids received for completeness and accuracy and the contractors’ backgrounds for qualifications and experience. S. Porter, Inc. is a Big Bear Lake based general engineering contractor with extensive experience with similar projects. S. Porter, Inc. has successfully completed a number of comparable projects for the City of Big Bear Lake including the Fiscal Year 2023-24 Annual Street Rehabilitation Project in addition to the Rathbun Creek Trail, Phase III, the Stanfield Marsh Outdoor Recreation and Education (SMORE) Trail Phase I, and the Alpine Pedal Path Rathbun Creek Extension Project. Staff has been satisfied with the quality of work received from S. Porter, Inc. and has established a strong working relationship with their team. Based upon the bids received and the background of S. Porter, Inc., staff is recommending S. Porter, Inc. as the lowest responsive bidder for this project.

In addition to the award of construction contract, staff is also seeking the approval of a Task Order with Merrell-Johnson Companies, one of the City’s on-call engineering firms, for field construction management. Staff is requesting the authorization of a Task Order in the amount of $65,000 for field inspection and project management support to aid the Engineering Division in the management and oversight of this project. Merrell-Johnson will provide an in field project manager / inspector on a schedule dictated by the City to perform construction observation and coordination. This work will be on a time and materials basis not to exceed the budget of $65,000.

This project will require additional, as needed support for surveying, geotechnical inspection, and materials testing, all of which will be provided utilizing the City’s on-call engineering firms.

Work on this project is anticipated to begin around August 1, 2024 and will be substantially completed by October 15, 2024. Staff is targeting this timeline for the completion of the major grading and paving prior to the onset of the winter season. The completion of the restroom facility will follow by the end of the year as this construction process is not as weather dependent as the other construction activities.

Staff is circulating preliminary project information notices to residences and businesses in the affected area and will continue to communicate about the project, through a number of channels, as the construction gets underway and throughout the course of construction.

FISCAL IMPACT
The base bid price received for this work was $1,512,863. Staff is requesting an additional contingency fund of $227,000 (approximately 15%) to address any unforeseen conditions or additional work that may arise during the completion of this project. Furthermore, staff is requesting a budget of $120,000 for the identified project support expenses including project inspection, surveying, and geotechnical services. The total project costs, including the contract amount, contingency, and project support will not exceed $1,859,863.

The remaining project budget for the Castle Rock Trailhead Project is approximately $1,115,400 after the expended costs for the design and environmental work. The project is funded through two grants, including $741,000 from the Federal Lands Access Program, and $180,000 from a State grant through the California Drought, Water, Parks, Climate, Costal Protection, and Outdoor Access for All Act of 2021. Additional funding is provided through Measure Y. Staff is requesting an additional appropriation of $745,000 from Measure Y proceeds to complete the necessary budget for completion of this project. Sufficient Measure Y funds are available within the fund balance to support this project.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
A Mitigated Negative Declaration was adopted for this project by the City of Big Bear Lake Planning Commission on March 20, 2024 and this document has been certified appropriately in accordance with the guidelines established by the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

CONSIDERATION OF STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
This item aligns with the City Council’s Strategic Priority Number 1 as it “supports and invests in sustainable infrastructure projects and programs”.

RECOMMENDED ACTION
It is recommended that the City Council adopt a Resolution Awarding a Construction Contract to S. Porter, Inc., Approving a Task Order with Merrell-Johnson Companies, Approving an Agreement for Construction Access and Maintenance of Public Improvements, and Approving a Budget Appropriation to Complete the Castle Rock Trailhead Parking Lot Project.

ATTACHMENTS

1. Resolution No. 2024-XX

2. Project Area Map

3. Draft Agreement between the City of Big Bear Lake and the Lugo Trust RECORDING REQUESTED BY:

City of Big Bear Lake
WHEN RECORDED, PLEASE MAIL TO:

City of Big Bear Lake
City Clerk
PO Box 10000
Big Bear Lake, CA 92315
SPACE ABOVE THIS LINE FOR RECORDER’S USE

NOTICE OF COMPLETION
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT:

The undersigned is OWNER or agent of the OWNER of the interest or estate state below in the property hereinafter described:

The FULL NAME of the OWNER is: CITY OF BIG BEAR LAKE
The FULL ADDRESS OF THE owner is: 39707 BIG BEAR BOULEVARD, PO BOX 10000, BIG BEAR LAKE, CA 92315
The NATURE of the INTEREST or ESTATE of the undersigned is: agent of the owner that constructed the improvements.

The full name(s) and address(es) of all persons, if any, who hold such interest or estate with the undersigned as joint tenants or as tenants in common are:

NAME(S) ADDRESS(ES)
The full name(s) and address(es) of the successor(s) in interest of the undersigned if the property was transferred subsequent to the commencement of the work of improvement herein referred to:

NAME(S) ADDRESS(ES)
A work of improvement on the property hereinafter described was completed on: August 29, 2025 The work of improvement completed is described as follows: Castle Rock Trailhead Parking Lot Improvements Project The NAME OF THE ORIGINAL CONTRACTORS, if any, for such work of improvement is: S. Porter, Inc.

The street address of said property is: 38501 Big Bear Blvd, Big Bear Lake, CA 92315 The property on which said work of improvement was completed is in the City of Big Bear Lake, County of San Bernardino, State of California.

Dated: 09/10/2025
Sean Sullivan, Public Works Department, City of Big Bear Lake

VERIFICATION
I, Sean Sullivan, am the Assistant City Manager, the declarant of the foregoing Notice of Completion. I certify (or declare) under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California that the foregoing is true and correct.

Executed on 9/10/2025 at Big Bear Lake, CA.

Sean Sullivan, Public Works Department, City of Big Bear Lake Item 1.5
Attachment 2

MEETING
DATE: September 10, 2025
TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
THROUGH: Erik Sund, City Manager
FROM: Sean Sullivan, Assistant City Manager
Nicholas Haecker, Deputy Public Works Director
SUBJECT: Authorize Rental Agreements, Purchase Orders, and On-Call Agreements Related to Snow Removal Operations for the 2025-26 Winter Season

BACKGROUND & DISCUSSION
The City of Big Bear Lake implements snow and ice clearing and removal, as conditions require, with the objective of meeting three (3) basic components of community safety and welfare:

1. Maintain access to and for emergency services

2. Provide reasonably safe driving conditions throughout the winter months

3. Maintain access to businesses and services
For the purposes of snow and ice management, the City is split into eleven (11) snow districts that are sized to have one full pass of snow clearing completed, in each district, within one (1) shift.

For operational planning, City staff is responsible for street plowing and berm reduction activities in four (4) of the districts. Big Bear Mountain Resorts is responsible for one district and the remaining six (6) districts are managed utilizing on-call contractors. City staff completes the snow management activities using a combination of owned and rented equipment.

Rental Equipment
The City owns a few pieces of equipment that are used in support of winter operations, namely a motor grader, backhoes and loaders, crew trucks and all accessories for the equipment, including plows, blades and tire chains. To meet the necessary scale of the City’s responsibilities, rental equipment is required to supplement the City’s owned equipment. The City’s required rental equipment includes loaders, dump trucks, backhoes, and skid steers. This equipment is utilized in various facets of snow and ice management such as clearing roadways, removing snow from sidewalks, and trucking snow from certain areas for storage. In addition, the City rents a number of changeable message boards (CMS) for the purposes of communicating to the community the existence of snow conditions.

For the purposes of obtaining the rental equipment, staff works through United Rentals (Perris, CA) and Volvo Construction Equipment and Services (Corona, CA) as they are the awarded vendors for these services through Sourcewell. Sourcewell is a purchasing collective utilized by governmental entities that provides for competitively bid contracts for a large variety of products and services and extends those terms to public entities. United Rentals (Contract #091615-URI) Item 1.6
and Volvo Construction Equipment and Services (Contract #032119-VCE) have current awarded contracts through Sourcewell for these rental services and the use of Sourcewell is consistent with the City’s purchasing policy. For the changeable message signs (CMS), staff contacted ROW Traffic Safety, Inc. for the rentals as ROW is the only known rental agency that will allow remote access to the CMS equipment, which is a critical feature for winter usage. The remote access allows all signs to be controlled from anywhere which enables a quick change or update of messaging and information, minimizing field time and exposure during winter conditions.

A summary of the necessary rental equipment and the associated costs are outlined below.

Equipment Rental
Company
Quantity Monthly
Rate (each)
Months Total
Volvo L110/L120 Volvo 7 $ 6,690 5 $ 234,133
Dump Truck 10yd United Rentals 3 $ 5,152 5 $ 77,283
Backhoe United Rentals 6 $ 2,574 5 $ 77,213
Skid Steer United Rentals 1 $ 2,527 5 $ 12,638
Changeable Message
Sign (CMS)
ROW Traffic
Safety, Inc.
6 $ 1,289 5 $ 38,674
Total $ 439,940
The costs associated with the above equipment include all rental fees, sales tax, and roundtrip transportation to Big Bear Lake. The terms of the rental agreements are on a month to month basis meaning that staff can reduce or increase the deployment of equipment as necessary based upon weather conditions and the City is billed only for the actual time that the equipment is actively being rented. Executing these agreements now will allow staff to coordinate the delivery of this equipment so that it is in place beginning November 1 allowing sufficient time for it to be prepared for the season. The rental agreements are planned for the months of November, December, January, February, and March. Staff is requesting a contingency approval of 20% should the weather conditions dictate that this equipment be kept on rental into April. Should the equipment be kept into April, the rental rates may transition to weekly or daily rates to best meet the needs of the City.

Equipment Accessories
As the rented equipment is general construction equipment, the City is responsible for outfitting the equipment for winter usage. The City maintains an inventory of the necessary accessories to support these pieces of rental equipment, most notably cutting edges and tire chains. While these items have a useful life of several years, depending upon the conditions and their usage, staff works to cycle our inventory of supplies annually. As such, staff is requesting purchase orders for tire chains and cutting edges.

The City has historically utilized tire traction chains manufactured by Pewag Traction Chain, Inc. (Pewag) as they are regarded as the industry standard for snow traction chains for these heavy equipment applications. Staff continues to be pleased with their quality and performance and has become proficient in maintaining and repairing them to extend their useful life. Big Bear Traction (Big Bear Lake, CA) is the authorized local distributor for Pewag chains, making them a sole source to furnish the desired equipment. Staff is requesting a purchase order with Big Bear Traction in the amount of $60,000 to procure necessary chains to maintain the City’s inventory.

Cutting edges are the equipment that attach to loader blades that make contact with the roadways to cut and push snow. As such, these items are designed to wear with time and usage. These cutting edges are custom made by Cutting Edge Supply (Colton, CA) to be compatible with the City’s equipment fleet, making Cutting Edge Supply a sole source. Staff is requesting a purchase order with Cutting Edge Supply in the amount of $30,000 for the purchase of replacement cutting edges.

On-Call Snow Removal Agreements
Local contractors are responsible for the snow removal activities within six (6) of the City’s eleven (11) snow districts utilizing on-call agreements. Under these agreements, the contractor submits a fee schedule inclusive of all costs associated with labor, at prevailing wages, and all equipment and materials required to complete the necessary snow and ice clearing and removal. The contractors will be compensated, according to the fee schedule, for all hours that their labor and equipment are in service at the direction of the City. No retainers or stand-by fees are paid under these agreements. The issuance of an on-call contract does not guarantee any work assignments or expenditures with these vendors but enables the City to utilize them when needed. The executed agreements for all vendors will be kept on file and include all terms, fee schedules, and required insurance endorsements.

The expense incurred by these agreements varies per storm event based upon the frequency and duration of the calls for service. Public Works leadership is responsible for determining the response, including the types and quantities of equipment, as required by the magnitude of each snow event and will deploy the necessary resources according to the City’s situational need.

Generally, the contractors are assigned to the necessary plowing routes as well as being used to support berm reduction, snow hauling, and other key winter activities.

The contractors with whom the City will issue an On-Call Snow Removal Contract are:

Contractor Location
Bear Valley Paving Big Bear Lake, CA
Big Bear Log Works, Inc. Big Bear Lake, CA
Lloyd Wood Trucking, Inc. Chino, CA
Mile High Equipment Big Bear Lake, CA
Nolan Thoren Construction Big Bear City, CA
Romans Construction Big Bear Lake, CA
S. Porter, Inc. Big Bear Lake, CA
These contractors are all based within the Big Bear Valley and/or have performed work within the City over the years demonstrating that they are experienced and equipped to work in winter conditions. These contractors are responsible for providing their own dozer blades, chains, cutting edges and other equipment specific to winter conditions and the identified services.

Upon these approvals, staff will work to coordinate the execution of all necessary contracts and purchase orders. The intent of these actions is to have all equipment and contractors in place by November 1. Additionally, staff plans to provide an overview presentation of winter activities and the Traffic Management Plan at a City Council Meeting closer to the onset of the winter season.

FISCAL IMPACT
Funding for equipment rental and purchase for snow removal is included within the approved Fiscal Year 2025-26 Annual Budget. Considerations are included within the Street Maintenance and Snow Removal section of the budget. Most of these expenses, specifically the cost of rental equipment and contractual services, are eligible for the annual reimbursement from the State of California for snow removal expenses of approximately 50% of the incurred costs.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
Snow plowing activities are not considered a project pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), therefore no environmental determination is required for these actions.

CONSIDERATION OF STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
This action aligns with Strategic Priority No. 5 to “preserve and protect the quality of life for the residents and the businesses.”

RECOMMENDED ACTION
It is recommended that the City Council adopt a Resolution Authorizing Rental Agreements, Purchase Orders, and On-Call Agreements Related to Snow Removal Operations for the 2025-26 Winter Season.

ATTACHMENTS

1. Resolution No. 2025-XX

2. Snow District Map
RESOLUTION NO. 2025-XX

RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING RENTAL AGREEMENTS, PURCHASE

ORDERS, AND ON-CALL AGREEMENTS RELATED TO SNOW REMOVAL
OPERATIONS FOR THE 2025-26 WINTER SEASON
WHEREAS, the City of Big Bear Lake implements snow and ice clearing and removal according to three basic components of community safety and welfare: (1) Maintain access to and for emergency services, (2) Provide reasonably safe driving conditions through the winter months, and (3) Maintain access to businesses and services; and, WHEREAS, snow removal is provided through a number of resources including City staff, oncall contractors, and Big Bear Mountain Resorts and the City’s staff efforts are supported by both City owned and rented equipment; and,
WHEREAS, the City rents a number of pieces of equipment, including loaders, dump trucks, backhoes, skid steers, and changeable message signs to support the City’s efforts during winter operations; and,
WHEREAS, through the City’s membership in Sourcewell, a nationwide purchasing collective, the City can access competitively bid contracts for the required rental equipment; and, WHEREAS, the City engages a Sourcewell Contract from Volvo Construction Equipment and Services of Corona, CA (Sourcewell Contract #032119-VCE) for the rental of the necessary Volvo Loaders; and,
WHEREAS, the City engages a Sourcewell Contract from United Rentals of Perris, CA (Sourcewell Contract #091615-URI) for the rental of the necessary dump trucks, backhoes, and skid steers; and,
WHEREAS, the City engaged ROW Traffic Safety, Inc. of San Dimas, CA for the rental of changeable message signs based, in part, on the specific features that ROW Traffic Safety offers with their rental equipment; and,
WHEREAS, these approvals will enable the necessary equipment to be in place beginning November 1st to be prepared for the upcoming winter season; and, WHEREAS, the City is required to furnish the required snow chains, dozer blades, and cutting edges for this rental equipment as it is just general construction equipment and, as such, staff is requesting purchase orders for tire traction chains and cutting edges; and, WHEREAS, the City has historically utilized chains manufactured by Pewag Traction Chain, Inc. for our heavy equipment as they are durable, compatible with our needs, and the staff is proficient in maintain and repairing them and they are only available from Big Bear Traction and, as such, staff is requesting a purchase order with Big Bear Traction in the amount of $60,000; and, WHEREAS, the rented equipment will be fit with cutting edges, which are the items that cut and Item 1.6
Attachment 1
push snow and are subject to wear and tear, and the cutting edges are made by Cutting Edge Supply and, as such, staff is requesting a purchase order with Cutting Edge Supply in the amount of $30,000 for the required snow cutting edges; and,
WHEREAS, the City utilizes on-call contractors to perform snow and ice removal services within the right of way, including street plowing of six (6) of the City’s eleven (11) snow districts, berm reduction, sidewalk clearing, and snow hauling; and,
WHEREAS, under these on-call agreements, the contractors are compensated for all costs, inclusive of labor at prevailing wage rates and all equipment and materials to complete the necessary services; and,
WHEREAS, the contractors with whom the City will execute on-call agreements for snow removal services are locally based contractors who have the appropriate experience and equipment to perform these winter services and they include Bear Valley Paving, Big Bear Log Works, Inc., Mile High Equipment, Lloyd Wood Trucking, Inc., Nolan Thoren Construction, Romans Construction, and S. Porter, Inc.; and,
WHEREAS, funding for the rental of equipment, purchase of equipment, and the on-call contracts is available within the adopted Fiscal Year 2025-26 Annual Budget.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY the City Council of the City of Big Bear Lake that:

1. A rental agreement and purchase order is authorized with Volvo Construction Equipment and Services (Corona, CA) under Sourcewell Contract #032119-VCE for the rental of seven (7) Volvo 110 loaders in an amount not to exceed $280,960, inclusive of a 20% contingency.

2. A rental agreement and purchase order is authorized with United Rentals (Perris, CA) under Sourcewell Contract #091615-URI for the rental of the specified equipment in an amount not to exceed $200,561, inclusive of a 20% contingency.

3. A rental agreement and purchase order is authorized with Right of Way, Inc. (San Dimas, CA) for the rental of six (6) Changeable Message Signs (CMS) with remote access in an amount not to exceed $46,409, inclusive of a 20% contingency.

4. A purchase order with Big Bear Traction for the purchase of Pewag tire chains is authorized in an amount not to exceed $60,000.

5. A purchase order with Cutting Edge Supply for the purchase of replacement cutting edges is authorized in an amount not to exceed $30,000.

6. On-call snow removal agreements are authorized with the following contractors: Bear Valley Paving, Big Bear Log Works, Inc., Lloyd Wood Trucking, Inc., Mile High Equipment, Nolan Thoren Construction, Romans Construction, and S. Porter, Inc.

7. The City Manager is authorized to execute all necessary documents for these actions in a form approved by the City Attorney.

PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 10th day of September, 2025.

Perri Melnick, Mayor
ATTEST:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO ) ss

AYES:

NOES:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:
_________________________
Erica Stephenson, City Clerk
Big Bear Blvd
Pine Knot Ave
Village Dr
Big Bear Blvd
Moonridge Rd
Summit Blvd
Moonridge
Way
Fox Farm Rd
Forest Rd
Edgemoor Rd
Eagle Dr
Eureka Dr
Lakeview Dr
Club View Dr
Catalina Rd
Wren Dr
Bow Canyon Rd
Oak St
Sonoma Dr
Cougar Rd
Moonridge Rd
Cienega Rd
Park Ave
Evergreen Dr
Cove Dr
Tulip Ln
Brownie Ln
Thrush Dr
Jeffries Rd
Sunset Dr
Garstin Dr
N Bay Dr
Pennsylvania Ave
Arroyo Dr
Sand Canyon Rd
Swan Dr
Waterview Dr
Mill Creek Rd
Lowe Dr
Knickerbocker Rd
Blue Jay
Rd
8 4
2 1 3
5 9
7 1 0
6 1 1
Esri, HERE, DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS user community 0 0.25 0.5 1 1.5 2
Miles
City of Big Bear Lake Snow Plowing Districts Division Drive Snow Plow Districts
Public Works
Public Works
Public Works
Public Works
Contractor 1
BBMR
Contractor 2
Contractor 3
Contractor 4
Contractor 5
Contractor 6
Legend
collector streets
secondary arterial
primary arterial
Public Works
Castle Rock trailhead
senior center
independent senior living facility
schools
public parking lots
Hospital
1 2
3 6
4 5
8 7
9 10
11 Attachment 2Item 1.6

MEETING
DATE: September 10 , 2025
TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
THROUGH: Erik Sund, City Manager
FROM: Sean Sullivan, Assistant City Manager
Miguel Cabanas, P.E., P.L.S., Engineering Manager
Israel Gomez, Associate Engineer
SUBJECT: Award a Construction Contract – Sanitation Generators Replacement Project

BACKGROUND & DISCUSSION
The City’s Sanitation System includes twelve (12) sewer lift or pump stations that convey the wastewater collected from the City’s collection system to the Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Agency (BBARWA). These twelve (12) sewer lift stations are located across the City and are considered part of the critical infrastructure needed to service the community of Big Bear Lake.

Most of these stations are equipped with permanent backup generators to allow the sewer system to continue to operate in the event of a power outage. Many of the existing generators were installed with the original construction of the sewer lift stations and are older than thirty (30) years old; however, staff has worked over the past several years to begin systematically replacing the antiquated generators. The FY 2025-26 Capital Improvements Program (CIP) budget includes funding for generator replacements at critical sanitation facilities. In May of 2024, staff ordered the necessary generators for Stations Nos. 1, 9, and 10 based upon the condition and need of those systems at the time.

Sewer Lift Station #1 is located near 41313 Eastwood Road adjacent to the baseball field in Meadow Park. Sewer Lift Station #9 is located at the terminus of Garstin Drive in the sewer ponds facility. Sewer Lift Station #10 is inside the private community of Eagles Knoll, adjacent to the intersection of Stanfield Cutoff and Big Bear Blvd. The scope of work for this project is to replace the generators and automatic transfer switches, which are being furnished by the City, at the identified locations. Additionally, the contract will include the replacement of the fuel tanks at sites 1 and 10 and appurtenant work at the sites to properly house these generators. The contractor will be responsible for starting up and testing the new generators and ensuring that all work conforms to current codes.

On April 9, 2025, the City Council authorized staff to proceed with a competitive bid process for the installation of the City furnished generators at these sites. The Engineering Division with support from Merrell-Johnson Companies, one of the City’s on-call consultants, completed the plans and specifications for this project. As a part of the project planning and design effort, the Engineer’s Estimate was determined to be $248,270.

Item 1.7
Staff executed this bid process in accordance with the California Public Contract Code and the City of Big Bear Lake Purchasing Guidelines. This effort included the circulation of a Notice of Inviting Bids through the Grizzly Newspaper, the City website, and “PlanetBids”, which is a widely used, online bid solicitation service. A mandatory pre-bid conference was held on Wednesday, August 13 which provided the opportunity for staff to answer any questions from potential bidders. Eight (8) Bidders attended the mandatory pre-bid meeting. On Wednesday, August 28, 2025, staff received, opened, and publicly read aloud one (1) sealed bid for this project.

The bid results are as follows:

Contractor Location Base Bid Price Add. Alternate No. 1 Big Bear Electric, Inc. Big Bear City, CA $208,000.00 $7,500.00 Staff has reviewed the bid received for completeness and accuracy and the contractor’s background for qualifications and experience. Big Bear Electric, Inc. is a well-established electrical contractor with a focus on commercial, industrial, and public electrical work with an expertise in pumps and motor controls, such as sewer lift stations. Big Bear Electric, Inc. has previously performed similar work for the City of Big Bear Lake.

During the bid procurement process, staff requested bidders to submit an Additive Bid Alternate for the cost of supplying a temporary emergency generator during construction since the existing backup systems will be taken offline by this project. Additive Bid Alternate #1 includes the contractor furnishing all the temporary equipment to make the necessary electrical connections to supply temporary power to the Sewer Lift Stations. The total amount of the Additive Bid Alternate is $7,500 for 3 days, one day for each Sewer Lift Station. This additive, alternate item will be invoked only as needed based upon the status of power within the Big Bear Valley to ensure the ongoing functionality of the lift stations while the power may be interrupted.

The total bid from Big Bear Electric, Inc. is below the Engineer’s Estimate for this project. Based upon the competitive pricing, as well as their prior experience completing similar projects to this, staff would recommend awarding a construction contract to Big Bear Electric, Inc. in the amount of $215,500. In addition, staff is recommending the authorization of a contingency fund in the amount of $21,500 (approximately 10%) to cover the cost of any unforeseen conditions or additional work that may arise during the completion of this project.

Upon award of this construction contract, it is anticipated that work will commence during the week of September 24, 2025 and should take approximately thirty (30) working days to complete.

FISCAL IMPACTS
The total contract award, inclusive of the Base Bid, Additive Alternate No. 1, and contingency funding will not exceed $237,000. Funding for this project is available within the adopted Fiscal Year 2025-26 Annual Operating Budget and Capital Improvement Program.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
At the time of authorizing the construction bids for this project, the City Council found that this project is categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

CONSIDERATION OF STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
The proposed action aligns with the City Council's Strategic Priority Number 1 as it “supports and invests in sustainable infrastructure projects and programs”.

RECOMMENDATION ACTION
It is recommended that the City Council adopt a Resolution Awarding a Construction Contract to Big Bear Electric Inc. for the Installation of Backup Generators at Sewer Lift Stations Nos. 1, 9, and 10.

ATTACHMENTS

1. Resolution No. 2025-XX

2. Location Map of Sewer Lift Stations #1, #9 and #10.

RESOLUTION NO. 2025-XX

RESOLUTION AWARDING A CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT TO BIG BEAR ELECTRIC, INC. FOR THE INSTALLATION OF BACKUP GENERATORS AT SEWER LIFT STATIONS NOS. 1, 9, AND 10
WHEREAS, the City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Department, Sanitation Division is responsible for the maintenance and operation of 12 Sewer Lift Stations located throughout the City to convey wastewater to the Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Agency (BBARWA); and WHEREAS, these twelve (12) sewer lift stations are considered critical infrastructure needed to service the community of Big Bear Lake; and
WHEREAS, through routine maintenance and inspection efforts, the Sanitation Division identified that the existing backup generators at Sewer Lift Stations No. 1, No. 9, and No. 10 are older than 30 years old and have exceeded their working lifespan; and WHEREAS, on May 8, 2024, the City Council authorized the purchase of the necessary replacement generators which were manufactured and delivered to the City in the Spring of 2025; and
WHEREAS, on April 9, 2025, City Council authorized the solicitation of bids for the Installation of Backup Generators at Sewer Lift Stations Nos. 1, 9, and 10; and WHEREAS, staff developed plans and specifications for the generator installations and solicited bids in accordance with the California Public Contract Code and the City of Big Bear Lake purchasing guidelines; and
WHEREAS, on Wednesday, August 28, 2025, staff received, opened, and publicly read aloud one (1) sealed bid for this project from Big Bear Electric Inc. with a total proposed price of $215,500, which includes the Base Bid and an Additive Bid Alternate; and WHEREAS, Big Bear Electric Inc. has all necessary licenses and prior experience performing similar work within the City’s sanitary sewer system; and WHEREAS, staff is requesting a contingency amount of $21,500 (approximately 10%) to cover the cost of any unforeseen circumstances or additional work that may arise during the completion of this project; and
WEHEREAS, the total contract award including the Base Bid, Additive Alternate No. 1, and the requested contingency will not exceed $237,000; and
WHEREAS, funding is available within the approved Fisal Year 2025-26 Capital Improvement Program budget, with the funds being derived from the Sanitation Fund.

Item 1.7
Attachment 1
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY the City Council of the City of Big Bear Lake that:

1. A construction contract is awarded to Big Bear Electric, Inc. for the Installation of Backup Generators at Sewer Lift Stations Nos. 1, 9, and 10 in an amount not to exceed $237,000 inclusive of the Base Bid, Additive Alternate No. 1, and contingency funds.

2. The City Manager is authorized to execute the construction contract in a form approved by the City Attorney.

PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 10th day of September, 2025.

Perri Melnick, Mayor
ATTEST:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO ) ss

AYES:

NOES:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk
ATTACHMENT 2 - PICTURE SUMMARY
PHOTO 1 – LOCATION OF SEWER LIFT STATIONS # 1, #9, AND #10

SEWER LIFT
STATION #1

SEWER LIFT
STATION #9

SEWER LIFT
STATION #10
Attachment
Item 1.7
2 PHOTO 2 – LOCATION OF SEWER LIFT STATION # 1

SEWER LIFT
STATION #1
PHOTO 3 – LOCATION OF SEWER LIFT STATION # 9

SEWER LIFT
STATION #9
PHOTO 4 – LOCATION OF SEWER LIFT STATION # 10

SEWER LIFT
STATION #10

MEETING
DATE: September 10, 2025
TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
THROUGH: Erik Sund, City Manager
FROM: Sean Sullivan, Assistant City Manager
Nicholas Haecker, Deputy Public Works Director
SUBJECT: Authorize a Purchase Order for a Replacement Standby Generator for Lift Station No. 8

BACKGROUND & DISCUSSION
The City’s Sanitation Division is responsible for the maintenance of the sanitary sewer system which includes approximately 200 miles of sewer main, more than 3,000 manholes, and 12 sewer lift stations. The sewer lift stations, also known as pumping stations, move wastewater throughout the City’s sanitary sewer system and ultimately deposit it in larger trunk lines managed by the Big Bear Area Regional Wastewater Agency (BBARWA). The lift stations are critical resources to keep the wastewater moving through the system and preventing overflows. Given their importance, the sites are equipped with redundant electricity either through built in emergency generators or electrical connections to receive power from portable generators.

Lift Station No. 8 is located near the lake on Blue Jay Road, north of Waterview Drive. This lift station serves a significant portion of the effluent flow within Boulder Bay. This lift station is one that does not have a permanent generator but, rather, has the necessary connections to be served by a portable generator. This situation is due, primarily, to the tight location in which this station is placed and the small pump house that the pumps are within. The placement of a permanent generator would require a reconfiguration of the area and the reconstruction of the pump house.

Given the recent frequency of power interruptions within the Big Bear Valley, City staff has an existing, portable generator deployed at this location. Unlike the permanent generators, the portable generator does not have the ability to utilize an Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS).

An ATS allows a generator to start within seconds of a power interruption which is a key feature of many of the City’s generators. Furthermore, the ATS will recognize when power has been restored and shutdown the generator. Given the circumstances at Lift Station No. 8 preventing the use of an ATS, this generator is frequently started in advance of anticipated power outages to ensure the continued functionality of the station. This practice will, on occasion, require the generator to run more than necessary because it has to be turned on and off by personnel at the site. Over the past couple of years, staff has been contacted by residents in the area related to the concerns of this generator, namely, that it runs unnecessarily as well as the emissions, given the age of the equipment.

Item 1.8
In light of the concerns of nearby residents as well as a desire to improve operations, staff has analyzed opportunities to provide a better backup power situation for this lift station that works with the existing constraints of the location. Staff has identified a solution through an enclosed, self-contained generator that can be used with an ATS. The generator is mounted on a skid and has a housing built around it, meaning that it can be set at the site without constructing an additional enclosure. The generator would then be wired to an ATS and function as though it were a permanent generator like the ones in use at other stations. In the future, should the City proceed with larger improvements and reconfigurations of this site, the proposed generator could either be used in this reconfiguration or be replaced at that site and be used elsewhere within the City. This generator, will conform to current emissions and noise standards, in addition to being run only when necessary, so that it should address the concerns of the neighbors surrounding this site.

The City’s inventory of generators for the Sanitation System are made by Kohler Power Systems, now known as Rehlko. In an effort to maintain consistency within the system, the identified solution is a unit that is produced by Rehlko. Staff contacted Bay City Electric Works as they have the Sourcewell Contract (Contract No. #092222-KOH) for this line of product. Sourcewell is a purchasing collective, of which the City is a member, that provides competitively bid contracts for the use of governmental agencies, often at considerable discounts below list price. Bay City Electric Works has provided a total price of $53,465, inclusive of the generator and ATS, freight, start up and sales tax. The Sourcewell discounts range from 5% - 39% depending on the line item to which they are applied and the total discounts total more than $23,700.

The anticipated lead time on this equipment is approximately six (6) months. Upon City Council approval of this purchase, staff will execute the Purchase Order to get this project in motion. Staff will coordinate the minimal site work required to place this generator and be prepared for installation in the Spring of 2026.

FISCAL IMPACT
Funding for this purchase is available in the adopted Fiscal Year 2025-26 Annual Operating Budget and Capital Improvements Program.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
This action is categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Section 15301.b Existing Facilities as repair and maintenance of an existing publicly owned utility system with no expansion of use.

CONSIDERATION OF STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
This action aligns with Strategic Priority No. 1 as it “supports and invests in sustainable infrastructure projects and programs” and Strategic Priority No. 5 to “preserve and protect the quality of life for the residents and the businesses.”

RECOMMENDED ACTION
It is recommended that the City Council authorize a purchase order with Bay City Electric Works for a Replacement Standby Generator at Lift Station No. 8 and find the project categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

ATTACHMENTS

1. CEQA Notice of Exemption

2. Proposal of Bay City Electric Works

3. Photos of Site Conditions

NOTICE OF EXEMPTION
TO: Clerk of the Board of Supervisors FROM: Engineering Division County of San Bernardino City of Big Bear Lake
385 N. Arrowhead Avenue, 2nd Floor P. O. Box 10000
San Bernardino, CA 92415-0130 Big Bear Lake, CA 92315-8900 Project Title:

Placement of Portable Standby Generator at Lift Station No. 8 Project Location - Specific:

Sanitary Sewer Lift Station No. 8 near Blue Jay Road and Waterview Drive Description of Project:

This project involves the placement of a portable standby generator at this location to provide backup power in the event of an outage to allow the sanitary sewer system to continue to operate.

Name of Public Agency Approving Project:

City of Big Bear Lake, City Council
Name of Person or Agency Carrying out Project:

City of Big Bear Lake, Engineering Division
Exempt Status: (check one) (State type and section number) XX Categorically Exempt. Section: 15301(b)
Reasons why project is exempt:

These repairs are categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) under section 15301.b as repair and maintenance of a publicly owned utility system.

Lead Agency or Contact Person: Area Code/Telephone/Extension Sean Sullivan, Assistant City Manager (909) 866-5831
Date: September 10, 2025
Signature:
______________________________
Sean Sullivan,
Assistant City Manager
Item 1.8
Attachment 1
8/26/2025 Job #: B01316
Power Systems Quotation
Job Name: Big Bear Lake - Lift Station
Solution #8
Job #: B04013
Date: 8/26/2025
Sales Executive: Kris Lintz
Mobile: (619) 496-7806
Email: [email protected]
Inside Sales: Cerra Hunting
Mobile: (209) 843-3037
Email: [email protected]
Item 1.8
Attachment 2
Bay City Electric Works in conjunction with the Sourcewell/NJPA contract #09222-KOH is pleased to offer the following Rehlko generator system for your use on the referenced project.

This proposal is in accordance with your verbal/e-mail request. No written details, plans, or specifications were provided. The following clarifications, technical exceptions and/or exclusions are noted:
 Removal of existing equipment, off-loading and installation is excluded.  Permits, fees, and engineering services are provided by others.  Emissions Permit is not included, to be provided by others. Contact ProActive Consulting Group at 714-893-7900 for Permit application processing information and pricing.  Fuel, initial fuel fill and fuel for testing is excluded.

Major system components include:

One (1) UL2200 Listed Rehlko model 80REOZJF diesel powered generator set, rated for standby duty at 81 KW, 0.8 PF, 101 KVA, 277/480 volt, 3 phase, 4 wire, 60 Hertz, 1800 RPM, outdoor in weatherproof sound attenuated enclosure with 215-gallon subbase diesel fuel tank rated for 24 hours at full load.

One (1) KCS-AMTC-0104S Automatic Transfer Switch, open transition, rated at 104 A, 480 V, 3 phase, 4 wire, 3 pole, solid neutral in NEMA 3R cabinet for outdoor mounting. 80REOZJF Unit List Price - $54,412.00 – per unit
Sourcewell/NJPA Member Discount 39.6% - $21,571.42 – per unit Sourcewell/NJPA Member Price, FOB Kohler, WI - $32,840.58 – per unit (Tax Not Included)
KCS-AMTC-0104S Unit List Price - $4,845.00 – per unit
Sourcewell/NJPA Member Discount 30% - $1,543.50 – per unit Sourcewell/NJPA Member Price, FOB Kohler, WI - $3,391.00 – per unit (Tax Not Included)
Freight - $5,875.00 – per system
Distributor Less 5% (Sourcewell/NJPA Member Price) = $5,581.00 – per system On-Site Start-up - $7,500.00
Distributor Less 5% (Sourcewell/NJPA Member Price) = $7,125.00 – per system Current Tariff Fee (Pass-Through) amount is...................+$ 681.00 (Tax Not Included) *We reserve the right to adjust the Tariff Fee (Pass-Through) amount as the global economic situation changes affecting certain materials/components and are passed through to BCEW from its manufacturer(s) and will be invoiced as incurred. Again, these will be handled as a direct ‘Pass-Through’ fee.

Jobsite inspection, initial startup, and initiation of warranty, by a Bay City Electric Works field technician during normal working hours Monday through Friday 7:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Testing will utilize building load unless otherwise specified. Fuel for testing is excluded. Any jobsite orientation and training of operating personnel to be done at the time of startup.

Rehlko limited generator warranty, effective from date of startup, for:
1 year or 2000 hours (whichever occurs first) as published in Rehlko Brochure.

Limited Rehlko ATS warranty, effective from date of startup, for:
1 year.

System Price: FOB Factory with freight allowed to your jobsite (or office) if accessible by a semi. All deliveries are drop-shipped. We cannot be responsible for limited access at site. We are bidding to the limited information on the contract documents. Additional charges may be required at time of delivery for surveying or re-consigning. Offloading and placement of equipment is excluded. All deliveries are Monday through Friday 7:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Deliveries outside the normal business hours will be invoiced as necessary.

Quotation Notes:

1. Applicable taxes are not included.

2. 3% fee will be added to any payments made by credit card.

3. The kW output listed on this quote letter is at rated conditions unless stated otherwise. Actual output may vary by site conditions including temperature and elevation. Please check with your Salesperson for any potential deration due to site conditions or specifications.

4. Air quality permit fees and compliance are excluded. Local air quality authorities may require a health risk study or environmental quality assessment. The cost for a health risk study is excluded.

5. Any additional equipment required because of the local Air Quality permit application will be quoted separately. Air quality requirements are ever-changing and vary based on various factors including jobsite location and proximity to adjacent structures. BCEW is quoting the latest Tier compliant generators to meet State and Federal regulations unless otherwise noted. It is the customer or end user’s responsibility to obtain all permits related to the installation and operation of the equipment quoted herein. All permits must be obtained prior to installation of the equipment.

Many air jurisdictions are discussing changing the rules regarding emissions, tier levels, aftertreatment, etc. We are quoting based on the specifications and our current understanding of the application of the air jurisdiction’s rules at the time of quote.

6. Generators installed on or after January 1st, 2013, in SCAQMD’s jurisdiction will require the installation of a Particulate Matter Filter if they are within 50 meters of a sensitive receptor and over 175bhp (approximately 125kW). If the generator is within 50 meters of a sensitive receptor and there is not a price for a PM Filter on this quote, please contact your salesperson immediately.

A sensitive receptor is defined as, “any residence including private homes, condominiums, apartments, and living quarters, schools as defined in (5), preschools, daycare centers, and health facilities such as hospitals or retirement and nursing homes. A sensitive receptor includes long term care hospitals, hospices, prisons, and dormitories or similar live-in housing.”

7. “Engines located on or near school grounds: New Stationary emergency standby diesel-fueled engines (>50 bhp) located on school grounds or 100m or less from a school which exists at the date the application for Permit to Construct or Permit to Operate is deemed complete, whichever is earlier shall emit diesel PM at a rate less than or equal to 0.01 g/bhp-hr.” which means that a PM Filter will be necessary. If the generator is within 100 meters of a Kindergarden-12th grade school and there is not a price for a PM Filter on this quote, please contact your salesperson immediately.

8. Some local Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ’s) will require field inspections, additional testing, interconnection with a Fire Alarm system or Building Management System (BMS), or functional verification for particular components/alarms/monitoring. We are bidding to the plans and specifications provided and cannot cover all potential testing that may be requested by AHJ’s. We are bidding to a design spec for a project awarded based on pricing. It is the responsibility of the Consulting/Specifying Engineer to provide the required information to bid the project properly.

Testing/inspection often requires attendance by a BCEW technician but in certain instances it may. Please contact us with the specific requirements in writing that apply to your project (from your approved fire permit, County HazMat permit or your inspection corrections) once you have them and our Service Department can quote it accordingly. Tank pressure tests are required in very few areas. These are not included and will be quoted on an as required basis unless they are listed in the specification and specifically listed on our quote.

9. Some Fire Marshalls have requested/required the fuel tank Emergency vents to be extended to 12’ above grade (along with the normal atmospheric vent). Nothing has been provided to us to show that any code anywhere specifies the extension of the emergency vents. Kohler does not offer emergency vent extensions and neither does BCEW. If they are required, the vent extension and any related support/bracing shall be by others unless specifically called out in our quote above.

10. All supplied fuel tanks will be certified UL142 unless specifically noted UL2085. UL142 tanks are NOT fire-rated or ballistic-rated.

11. All power system studies, including short circuit analysis, protective device coordination and arc flash analysis and mitigation, are the responsibility of others and are not included in this proposal.

12. Protective device calibration, testing (NETA) and setting of protective relays and circuit breaker trip units are the responsibility of others and not included in this proposal.

13. Fuel, initial fuel fill and fuel for testing is excluded.

14. Special lugs are not included unless specifically identified in this proposal. You will receive the standard lugs for the provided breakers.

15. Prices quoted are not applicable for work subject to any state or federal prevailing wage requirements. We are an equipment supplier, not a subcontractor. Please contact your sales executive if prevailing wage still applies.

16. Quotation is valid for 30 Days. This quote may be modified and/or rescinded by BCEW at its sole discretion unless the quote is accepted before the expiration date.

17. We reserve the right to adjust the Tariff Fee (Pass-Through) amount as the global economic situation changes affecting certain materials/components. These are passed through to BCEW from its manufacturer(s) and will be invoiced as incurred. Again, these will be handled as a direct ‘Pass-Through’ fee.

Terms and Conditions:

1. Terms of payment are net 30 days from factory shipment, upon approval of credit department.

2. Materials will be invoiced on the date of shipment from the factory.

3. Acceptance of purchase order is based on materials quoted.

4. 1.5% per month will be assessed on unpaid balances if not paid within terms.

5. Terms for retention and liquidated damages will not be accepted.

6. The following charges will be assessed for cancellation of any order:
a. 10% of total order price if cancelled after we have provided submittals but prior to release for manufacture.
b. 25% of total order price if cancelled after release for manufacture, or if the equipment is already on order with the factory (Rehlko paralleling switchgear is on order as soon as submittals are requested).
c. 50% of total order price if cancelled less than 90 days of scheduled shipment date from Rehlko.
d. 100% of total order price if cancelled within 60 days of scheduled shipment from Rehlko.

Lead Times:

1. Submittals for this project will likely take 10-15 business days from receipt of a written Hold for Submittal Approval (HFSA) Purchase Order. Custom drawings require 15-20 business days minimum. Paralleling Switchgear Submittals require a minimum of 35-45 business days.

2. Current factory lead time for the generator is 23-25 weeks from written release for production. Lead times are estimated at time of quote and may vary at time of order.

3. Current factory lead time for the Automatic Transfer Switch is 14-16 weeks from written release for production.

We appreciate this opportunity to offer our equipment for your consideration. Please call if you have any questions or if I can help in any way. Bay City Electric Works wants to be your Generator System Supplier.

The authorized purchaser identified below accepts this proposal and agrees, upon acceptance of this contract by Bay City Electric Works, to purchase and pay for the equipment, accessories, and service in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth above.

Company name: ____________________________________________________ Purchaser name and title (please print): __________________________________ Purchaser signature: _________________________________________________ Date: _______________ Purchase Order #: ______________________________ Delivery Date Requested by Purchaser: __________________________________ If a delivery date is not provided, BCEW will postpone the release of product orders with its respective vendors until the date is provided in writing. It is the sole responsibility of the Purchaser to provide a delivery date within the current factory lead times.

PLEASE INCLUDE PRELIM INFORMATION WHEN ISSUING A PURCHASE ORDER.

KOHLER GENERATOR SALES - SERVICE - PARTS - RENTALS
To learn more, visit our website at www.BCEW.com
ATTACHMENT 1 - PICTURE SUMMARY
PHOTO 1 – SEWER LIFT STATION 8 - PLAN VIEW
Attachment
Item 1.8
3 PHOTO 2 – SEWER LIFT STATION 8 – LOOKING NORTH
PHOTO 3 – SEWER LIFT STATION 8 – GROUND LEVEL LOOKING NORTH PHOTO 4 – SEWER LIFT STATION 8 – GROUND LEVEL LOOKING EAST PHOTO 5 – TENTATIVE LOCATION OF NEW GENERATOR

TENTATIVE LOCATION

NEW GENERTOR

SEWER LIFT
STATION #8

BACKGROUND & DISCUSSION
On August 8, 2024, the City Council awarded a construction contract to Sancon Technologies for the 2024 Sanitary Sewer Cured-In-Place Pipe Project. The project includes approximately 7,600 linear feet of sanitary sewer mains to be rehabilitated using the Cured-In-Place Pipe (CIPP) method. It is worth noting that upon the award of contract, the contractor’s scheduling did not allow the work to commence and be completed prior to the onset of the winter season. As such, the work was mutually deferred to the Spring of 2025.

As part of the preparation for this project, closed-circuit television (CCTV) inspection was performed on the existing sewer lines to verify conditions prior to performing the lining activities.

During the inspection phase, several defects were identified that prevent direct installation of the CIPP lining material. Specifically, five (5) locations of sewer main were found to contain conditions such as large offsets, pipe failures, or other obstructions that require excavation and repair construction prior to proceeding with the CIPP lining. This additional work was not included in Sancon’s scope of work and needs to be performed by a separate, qualified general engineering contractor.

On July 30, 2025, the City issued a Request for Proposals (RFP) seeking bids from local contractors to perform the necessary repairs. City staff provided proposers with detailed maps, elevations, pipe materials, depths, and descriptions of the necessary work in order for the contractors to provide the necessary pricing. Proposals were due on August 29, 2025, at 2:00 p.m.

The City received four (4) proposals, which are summarized below:

Contractor Location Proposed Price
Romans Construction Big Bear Lake, CA $ 30,200
Mile High Equipment, Inc. Big Bear Lake, CA $ 33,300
S. Porter, Inc. Big Bear Lake, CA $ 40,000
Bear Valley Paving Big Bear Lake, CA $124,000
After reviewing the proposals for completeness and accuracy, staff determined that Romans Construction submitted the lowest responsive and responsible proposal in the amount of $30,200.

Item 1.9
Romans Construction has successfully completed similar excavation and utility repair projects in the region and has the staffing and experience necessary to complete the work.

Staff recommends awarding a construction contract to Romans Construction in the amount of $30,200. It is anticipated that construction will begin in late September 2025 and will be completed within approximately 15 working days. Upon completion of these repairs, Sancon Technologies will be able to proceed with their scope of work related to the 2024 Sanitary Sewer Cured-InPlace-Pipe Project.

FISCAL IMPACTS
The total contract award will not exceed $30,200. Funding for this project is available in the adopted Fiscal Year 2025–26 Capital Improvement Program.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
This project involves repair of existing sewer infrastructure and is categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Section 15301.b (Existing Facilities) as repair and maintenance of a publicly owned utility system.

RECOMMENDATION ACTION
It is recommended that the City Council adopt a Resolution Awarding a Construction Contract to Romans Construction for the Cured-In-Place Pipe (CIPP) Sewer Repairs Project and Finding the Project Categorically Exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act.

ATTACHMENTS

1. Resolution No. 2025-XX

2. Notice of Exemption
RESOLUTION NO. 2025-XX

RESOLUTION AWARDING A CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT TO ROMANS

CONSTRUCTION FOR THE CURED-IN-PLACE-PIPE (CIPP) SEWER

REPAIRS PROJECT AND FINDING THE PROJECT CATEGORICALLY

EXEMPT FROM THE CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT
WHEREAS, on August 8, 2024, the City of Big Bear Lake awarded a construction contract to Sancon Technologies for the 2024 Sanitary Sewer Cured-In-Place-Pipe Project; and WHEREAS, the pre-inspection work performed by Sancon Technologies, as a part of their scope of work, identified portions of sewer mains that were to have cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining installed but were unable to receive the lining due to existing conditions; and WHEREAS, the City has identified five (5) locations within the existing sewer mains and found large offsets, pipe failures, and other obstructions that require excavation and repair prior to the installation of CIPP lining; and
WHEREAS, the nature of the repairs are beyond the scope of work for Sancon Technologies and need to be performed by a qualified general engineering contractor; and WHEREAS, on July 30, 2025, the City issued a Request for Proposals (RFP) for construction services to perform the necessary sewer repairs, with proposals due on August 29, 2025; and WHEREAS, four (4) proposals were received, and Romans Construction submitted the lowest responsive and responsible proposal in the amount of $30,200; and WHEREAS, Romans Construction is well qualified to complete this project as the company has successfully completed similar excavation and utility repair projects in the region and has the staffing and experience necessary to complete the work ; and WHEREAS, funding for this project is available in the adopted Fiscal Year 2025–26 Capital Improvement Program; and
WHEREAS, this project is categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Sections 15301.b Existing Facilities as repair and maintenance of a publicly owned utility system.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY the City Council of the City of Big Bear Lake that:

1. The City Council hereby awards a construction contract to Romans Construction for the CIPP Sewer Repairs Project in the amount of $30,200.

2. The City Manager is authorized to execute the construction contract in a form approved by the City Attorney.

Item 1.9
Attachment 1

3. The City Council finds that the project is categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to section 15301.b Existing Facilities as repair and maintenance of a publicly owned utility system.

PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 10th day of September, 2025.

Perri Melnick, Mayor
ATTEST:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO ) ss

AYES:

NOES:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

CIPP Sewer Repairs Project
Project Location - Specific:

Various locations along the sanitary sewer collection system owned and operated by the City of Big Bear Lake, Description of Project:

This project involves the repair of five (5) sewer main lines by trenching, removing and replacing small sections of pipe where large offsets and intrusions are present.

Name of Public Agency Approving Project:

City of Big Bear Lake, City Council
Name of Person or Agency Carrying out Project:

City of Big Bear Lake, Engineering Division
Exempt Status: (check one) (State type and section number) XX Categorically Exempt. Section: 15301()
Reasons why project is exempt:

These repairs are categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) under section 15301.b as repair and maintenance of a publicly owned utility system.

MEETING
DATE: September 10, 2025
TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
THROUGH: Erik Sund, City Manager
FROM: Kelly Tinker, Economic Development Manager
SUBJECT: Authorize an Agreement for Municipal Code Enforcement Legal Services

BACKGROUND & DISCUSSION
Code Enforcement is a critical component of maintaining our community standards, protecting public health and safety, and preserving the quality of life for residents, business owners, and visitors. While many enforcement matters are resolved through voluntary compliance, more complex or sensitive cases often require legal expertise to ensure that actions are carried out effectively, fairly, and in compliance with state law. These situations may involve contested administrative hearings, litigation for nuisance abatement, property receivership actions, or injunctive relief in Superior Court. In such cases, specialized legal counsel provides the City with the tools necessary to enforce its codes in a manner that is efficient, effective, and impartial.

The City of Big Bear Lake has historically retained the services of Dapeer, Rosenblit & Litvak, LLP for specialized legal services related to Municipal Code Enforcement and Building & Safety matters. These services include support with administrative code hearings, property abatement actions, nuisance abatement proceedings, and court filings related to enforcement and compliance.

As the City's legal needs in this area continue to evolve, staff has identified Civica Law Group as a qualified legal firm with extensive experience representing municipalities in complex and sensitive code enforcement matters, including public nuisance abatements, receiverships, and injunctive relief actions.

In addition to litigation and hearing support, Civica Law Group provides consultation to staff on enforcement procedures, the review and drafting of ordinances and enforcement-related documents, and advisement on compliance with evolving state and federal regulations affecting local code enforcement. Their expertise strengthens the City’s ability to address unsafe or blighted conditions promptly and effectively, while also reducing liability risks and ensuring due process protections for property owners.

Awarding a Professional Services Agreement to Civica Law Group will ensure that the City has timely access to experienced support services whenever Code Enforcement and Neighborhood Preservation staff encounter cases that require specialized intervention, and only on an as-needed basis. The scope of services includes but is not limited to: legal research and consultation, review and preparation of enforcement documents, administrative hearing representation, coordination with City staff and the City Attorney, and legal filings with the courts as required.

Item 1.10

FISCAL IMPACT
Services provided under this agreement are to be billed on an as-needed basis, in accordance with the rates and terms specified in the attached proposal. The adopted FY 2025-26 Budget includes sufficient appropriation for this proposed Professional Services Agreement.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
This action is not subject to environmental review pursuant to CEQA.

CONSIDERATION OF STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
This item aligns with Strategic Priority Goal No. 5 “Preserve and protect the quality of life for the residents and businesses, while maintaining a balance with the environment to foster a sustainable economic base”.

RECOMMENDED ACTION
It is recommended that the City Council adopt a Resolution Authorizing a Professional Services Agreement with Civica Law Group for Municipal Code Enforcement Legal Services.

ATTACHMENTS

1. Resolution 2025-XX

2. Civica Law Group Proposal Letter
RESOLUTION NO. 2025-XX

RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING A PROFESSIONAL

SERVICES AGREEMENT WITH CIVICA LAW GROUP FOR

MUNCIPAL CODE ENFORCEMENT LEGAL SERVICES
WHEREAS, Code Enforcement is a critical component of maintaining community standards, protecting public health and safety, and preserving the quality of life for residents, business owners, and visitors; and,
WHEREAS, while many enforcement matters are resolved through voluntary compliance, more complex or sensitive cases often require legal expertise to ensure that actions are carried out effectively, fairly, and in compliance with state law, including contested administrative hearings, litigation for nuisance abatement, property receivership actions, or injunctive relief in Superior Court; and,
WHEREAS, the City of Big Bear Lake periodically engages specialized legal counsel to support municipal code enforcement activities that require said litigation, injunctive relief, or other complex legal proceedings; and,
WHEREAS, staff has identified Civica Law Group as a qualified legal firm with extensive experience representing municipalities in complex and sensitive code enforcement matters, including public nuisance abatements, receiverships, and injunctive relief actions; and, WHEREAS, Civica Law Group offers specialized services necessary to support the City’s code enforcement and neighborhood preservation efforts, strengthening the City’s ability to address unsafe or blighted conditions promptly and effectively, while also reducing liability risks and ensuring due process protections for property owners; and, WHEREAS, the proposed agreement will allow the City to retain Civica Law Group on an asneeded basis to provide these legal services at competitive municipal rates.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY the City Council of the City of Big Bear Lake that:

1. A Professional Services Agreement between the City of Big Bear Lake and Civica Law Group is hereby approved.

2. The City Manager is authorized to execute all agreement documents in a form approved by the City Attorney.

Item 1.10
Attachment 1
PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 10th day of September, 2025.

Perri Melnick, Mayor
ATTEST:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO ) ss

AYES:

NOES:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk
Via Email
September 3, 2025
City of Big Bear Lake
Kelly Tinker
Economic Development Manager
Subject: Requested Proposal Regarding Legal Services
Dear Mr. Tinker:

Please accept this letter in response to the City’s recent outreach to us and request for our proposal concerning our firm’s ability to provide code enforcement related legal services to the City.

Our firm would be honored to provide legal services for the City’s code enforcement needs and other issues of concern. We offer comprehensive code enforcement legal expertise, along with a rage of other municipal litigation services. Civica serves dozens of cities and counties all over California on all aspects of code enforcement, with a growing team of nearly 30 professionals.

We offer a blended hourly rate of $325 for attorneys and $210 for paralegals and law clerks. We do not charge a retainer or have any minimum billing for projects.

Our goal is to provide the City with effective solutions at a reasonable cost that also provides stability and predictability for the City’s budget. We strive to put the focus where it should be: on the service we provide to the City and its community, with a dedication to effective results and respect for taxpayer funds.

Thank you for your inquiry, as well as the opportunity to serve the City. Please contact me if you wish to discuss further or have questions.

Best regards,
Matthew R. Silver
Managing Partner
Civica Law Group APC
Item 1.10
Attachment 2

MEETING
DATE: September 10, 2025
TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
FROM: Erik Sund, City Manager
SUBJECT: Authorize On-Call Consulting Administrative Support Service Agreements

BACKGROUND & DISCUSSION
The City maintains agreements with multiple firms that work in a number of disciplines on an oncall basis, meaning that they have an active agreement with the City to provide these services to ease the administrative burden when these services are needed. An on-call agreement does not provide any retainers nor guarantee of work from the City but maintains an open agreement with current insurance so that this firm can be engaged easily when they are needed. Some of the administrative service functions and support provided by on-call firms can include information technology support, audio visual support, broadcasting services, Finance/Treasury & Human Resources/Risk Management consulting, recruitment support and public affairs & communication services.

City Council has approved on-call agreements with twenty (20) firms providing services in the areas of Planning and Architecture, Environmental Review, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Engineering, and Building & Safety. These additional agreements would provide a number of benefits to support the City’s administrative services by providing staff support in areas such as new computer installations, printer and copier configurations, broadcasting services, executive recruitments, public communication services and to help fill staffing vacancies on an interim basis.

Given the potential benefits provided to the City from these proposed firms, staff is seeking to authorize agreements for approximately one (1) year, through June 30, 2026 with the option to extend for one (1) additional year.

The firms with whom these agreements would be executed include:

Information Technology and Audio Visual Services
• IFC Computing Consulting (Big Bear Lake, CA)
Staff has recently engaged this local vendor for support on a new copier services deployment, installation of new computers, and support with the City’s broadcasting equipment for public meetings. The City has been satisfied with the quality of work and the responsiveness of this firm.

Staff has contacted the representative with this firm and they are willing to execute a contract and continue to maintain their working relationship with the City of Big Bear Lake. The ongoing use of this on-call firm is critical to the City for service delivery and project development.

Item 1.11
Finance/Treasury & Human Resources/Risk Management Consulting Services • MV Cheng & Associates, Inc.

Due to a recent staffing vacancy, the City has been in contact with this firm to inquire about municipal financial staffing support services. As we have learned more about the professional services provided by this company, the City foresees the potential to engage their services to help supplement staffing when the City is faced with unexpected vacancies in the Finance and Human Resources/Risk Management Divisions. In addition, if the need arises this firm can provide administrative support services on special projects, such as, updating the City’s financial and personnel related policies/procedures to ensure the City remains compliant with applicable regulations and municipal best practices. This firm is an ideal partnership with the City because they primarily serve cities located within San Bernardino County.

Recruitment Services & Support, Public Affairs & Communication Services • Tripepi Smith
Over the past few years, the City has successfully engaged the services of Tripepi Smith to perform various community outreach efforts, with the most recent project being resident engagement services at the Leisure Bear Mobile Home Park. This firm is well known throughout California for the wide array of municipal support services they provide in the areas of executive recruitment, public affairs and communication services amongst other important public services. They have a large network of municipal contacts and used that network to help the City market some of our recent recruitments. The City also intends to utilize this firm to assist in the recruitment of the Director of Finance position and can foresee future opportunities to engage related services on an as needed basis.

Staff is proposing on-call agreements with all three of the above referenced firms with terms and conditions that are similar to those of the existing on-call firms. These new agreements would be for the period through June 30, 2026, with the option to extend for one (1) additional year to keep the contract terms consistent with other existing agreements.

FISCAL IMPACT
Appropriations for as needed consultant services from the On-Call Consultant List are available in the adopted Fiscal Year 2025-26 Annual Budget. The approval of these agreements does not guarantee any work or related expenses to the firms.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
Under Section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines, this is not project, and, therefore, no environmental review is required.

CONSIDERATION OF STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
This item aligns with City Council’s Strategic Priorities No. 3 “invest in attracting, retaining and developing staff, strive to deliver the best customer service” and No. 4 “enhance community engagement and local advocacy strategies, while bolstering partnerships with residents, businesses and regional partners”.

RECOMMENDED ACTION
It is recommended that the City Council adopt a Resolution Authorizing On-Call Professional Service Agreements, with IFC Computing Consulting, MV Cheng & Associates, Inc. and Tripepi Smith.

ATTACHMENT

1. Resolution No. 2025-XX
RESOLUTION NO. 2025-XX

RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING ON-CALL PROFESSIONAL

SERVICE AGREEMENTS WITH IFC COMPUTING CONSULTING,
MV CHENG & ASSOCIATES, INC. AND TRIPEPI SMITH
WHEREAS, the City maintains professional services agreements with multiple consulting firms that work in a number of disciplines on an on-call basis, meaning that they have an active agreement with the City to provide professional services to ease the administrative burden on our limited staffing resources when these services are needed; and, WHEREAS, the on-call consulting services agreements do not guarantee any work or payment to the identified firms but allow for staff to select firms from the on-call consulting services list to provide time sensitive administrative support and assistance with a number of City services to the benefit of staff and the community; and,
WHEREAS, in the time since the initial on-call consulting services agreements were approved, staff has identified additional consultants that provide specialized municipal administrative support services that are not currently on the City’s On-Call Services List and, as such, staff would recommend that additional on-call consulting services agreements be authorized with three (3) additional firms; and,
WHEREAS, the additional firms are qualified to and capable of providing additional services within the identified disciplines and are agreeable to the terms of the agreements; and, WHEREAS, the firms that staff is recommending for on-call consultant services agreements include:

IFC Computing Consulting – Information Technology & Audio/Visual Services MV Cheng & Associates, Inc. – Finance/Treasury & HR/Risk Management Services Tripepi Smith – Recruitment, Public Affairs & Communication Services WHEREAS, there is no fiscal impact to the execution of these agreements as funding for any of the services for which these consultants will be engaged is available within the adopted Fiscal Year 2025-26 Annual Budget; and,
WHEREAS, under section 15378 of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), this is not a project and, therefore, no environmental review is required.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council that:

1. On-call consultant service agreements with following three (3) firms: IFC Computing Consulting, MV Cheng & Associates, Inc. and Tripepi Smith are approved through the period ending June 30, 2026, with the option to extend for one (1) additional year.

2. The City Manager is authorized to execute all contract documents in a form approved by the City Attorney.

Item 1.11
Attachment 1
PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 10th day of September, 2025.

Perri Melnick, Mayor
ATTEST:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO ) ss

AYES:

NOES:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

PUBLIC HEARING REPORTS

MEETING
DATE: September 10, 2025
TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
THROUGH: Erik Sund, City Manager
FROM: Sean Sullivan, Assistant City Manager
Andrew Mellon, Community Development Manager
SUBJECT: Introduction of an Ordinance Approving Development Code Amendment 2025- 028, Proposing Citywide Revisions to Development Code Sections: 17.25.040 “Accessory Uses Permitted in Residential Zones”, 17.25.060 “Additional Setback Regulations”, and 17.35.030 “Principal Uses Permitted in Commercial and Public Zones” to Introduce New Standards and Regulations Related to the Keeping of Animals in Residential and Commercial Zones

BACKGROUND & DISCUSSION
Development Code Amendment (DCA) 2025-028 is a City-initiated proposal to amend certain sections of the Development Code related to the keeping of animals in residential and commercial zones. The Development Code defines domesticated animals as any animal customarily kept as a household pet, not including wild or exotic animals; typical pets would include dogs, cats, birds, and tropical fish. As the public’s understanding of a domesticated animal has evolved since the adoption of the 2003 Development Code, there has been an observed increase in the number and scope of inquiries regarding the applicable standards and permissibility of keeping animals which could be defined as farm animals, pets, and/or domesticated animals.

This amendment is proposed with the ultimate goal of addressing the public’s questions and clarifying Development Code standards for staff related to the keeping of animals, based upon ever-changing State laws. Following a comprehensive review of animal-related standards including an analysis of a half-dozen local municipalities and the County of San Bernardino, staff is proposing to amend three sections of the Development Code to more closely reflect similar standards established in the San Bernardino County Development Code as follows:
• Development Code Table 17.25.040.A., is proposed to be amended to specify development standards for domesticated animals in residential zones, including allowing potbellied pigs, pygmy goats, female poultry, rabbits, chinchillas, horses; and to exclude animal breeding and kennels in residential zones.
• Development Code Section 17.25.060 - Additional setback regulations, is proposed to be amended to clarify animal enclosure setback requirements and structure requirements. • Development Code Section 17.35.030 – Principal uses permitted in commercial and public zones, is proposed to be amended to allow indoor animal boarding; and to exclude animal breeding in commercial zones.

Item 2.1
City residents have expressed an interest regarding the keeping of “micro” or “pygmy” sized animals such as pigs and goats. Additionally, residents have routinely requested that the keeping of smaller animals historically defined as farm animals, such as rabbits and chickens, be allowed within the City. In an effort to accommodate and promote the interests of city residents, staff is proposing to expand the scope of animal keeping as an accessory use under Title 17 of the City’s Municipal Code. Additional standards related to animal keeping are also included in DCA 2025- 028 to maintain public safety, convenience, and general welfare.

Complementing the discussion regarding the keeping of small domestic animals, the community has frequently requested an increase in the number of parcels allowed to keep and maintain horses.

In response, staff is proposing to amend the Development Code to allow horses and ponies on residential lots greater than or equal to ¾ of an acre or 32,670 square-feet, a change from the current standard of a minimum of one acre lots. Amending the Development Code to allow more residential lots to keep horses and other domestic animals aligns with the intentions of the Community Design, Environmental Resource, Circulation, and Land Use Elements of the General Plan in addition to promoting the Master Plan of Trails which encourages multi-modal mobility across the City and is designed with the goal of facilitating increased pedestrian, bike, and equestrian mobility.

Lastly, the City has a need for overnight animal boarding facilities that are not medically-related.

Therefore, provisions have been included in the proposed Development Code Amendment to allow overnight boarding facilities in select commercial zones. In an effort to preemptively address future conflicts, while addressing a relevant community concern, the proposed amendments in DCA 2025-028, include new regulations prohibiting animal breeding throughout the City of Big Bear Lake.

DCA 2025-028 was previously brought to the Planning Commission as a discussion items on May 7 and August 6, 2025. At the publicly noticed August 20, 2025 Planning Commission Meeting, staff presented the proposed development code amendment based on the Commission’s previous directions at the study sessions. At the August 20, 2025 meeting, the Planning Commission recommended that staff present the proposed Development Code Amendments to the City Council.

FINDINGS
Prior to approving a Development Code Amendment, the City Council must make the required four findings, in the attached Ordinance, as provided under section 17.03.200.F of Title 17, which can be made in support of the proposed Development Code Amendment. The findings are included in full within the ordinance but are summarized as:

3. The proposed Development Code Amendment conforms with the intent of the Development Code and is consistent with all other related provisions thereof.

FISCAL IMPACT
There are no fiscal impacts associated with the adoption of the recommended ordinance.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
The requested action is not considered a “project” under Public Resources Code Section 21065, and is exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act Guidelines pursuant to Section 15061(b)(3), the “common sense exemption.” This section states “where it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment, the activity is not subject to CEQA.”

CONSIDERATION OF STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
This item aligns with Strategic Priority Goal No. 5, to “preserve and protect the quality of life for the residents and the businesses, while maintaining a balance with the environment to foster a sustainable economic base.”

RECOMMENDED ACTION
It is recommended that the City Council conduct a public hearing to hear any and all testimony, read the title, waive further reading and introduce an ordinance entitled: Ordinance of the City Council of the City of Big Bear Lake Approving Development Code Amendment 2025-028 Proposing Citywide Revisions to Development Code Sections: 17.25.040 “Accessory Uses Permitted in Residential Zones”, 17.25.060 “Additional Setback Regulations”, and 17.35.030 “Principal Uses Permitted in Commercial and Public Zones” to Introduce New Standards and Regulations Related to the Keeping of Animals in Residential and Commercial Zones and Finding these Amendments Exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act.

ATTACHMENTS

1. Ordinance No. 2025-xxx (including Exhibit A)

2. Planning Commission staff report, dated August 20, 2025 (without attachments) ORDINANCE NO. 2025-xxx

ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BIG BEAR
LAKE APPROVING DEVELOPMENT CODE AMENDMENT 2025-028

PROPOSING CITYWIDE REVISIONS TO DEVELOPMENT CODE
SECTIONS: 17.25.040 ACCESSORY USES PERMITTED IN RESIDENTIAL ZONES, 17.25.060 ADDITIONAL SETBACK REGULATIONS, AND

17.35.030 PRINCIPAL USES PERMITTED IN COMMERCIAL AND

PUBLIC ZONES TO INTRODUCE NEW STANDARDS AND

REGULATIONS RELATED TO THE KEEPING OF ANIMALS IN

RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL ZONES AND FINDING THESE

AMENDMENTS EXEMPT FROM THE CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL

QUALITY ACT
WHEREAS, the City of Big Bear Lake, California (the “City”) is a municipal corporation and charter City, duly organized under the constitution and laws of the State of California; and WHEREAS, California Government Code section 65800, et seq. authorizes the adoption and administration of zoning laws, ordinances, rules and regulations by cities as a means of implementing a city’s general plan; and
WHEREAS, the City has adopted a Development Code by Ordinance 2003-333. The Development Code contains provisions to allow amendments in Section 17.03.200; and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission of the City of Big Bear Lake considered Development Code Amendment 2025-028 filed by the City of Big Bear Lake, to address several clean-up items under Chapters 17.25 (Residential Zones), and 17.35 (Commercial and Public Zones) of the City’s Municipal Code (Title 17); and
WHEREAS, section 17.03.200 of the Development Code includes provisions for amendments to the Development Code; and
WHEREAS, on May 7th and August 6th, 2025, the Planning Commission, at regularly scheduled meetings, conducted discussion sessions and provided guidance on the Application; and WHEREAS, on August 20th, 2025 the Planning Commission conducted a duly noticed public hearing on the Application; and
WHEREAS, notice of the public hearing for Development Code Amendment 2025-028 (the Application) was published in The Grizzly on August 28th, 2025; and Item 2.1
Attachment 1
WHEREAS, the Application is not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) because it is covered by the “common sense” rule expressed in section 15061(b)(3) of the State CEQA Guidelines that CEQA applies only to projects, which have the potential for causing a significant effect on the environment. The recommended amendments involve a series of text changes to streamline several administrative processes, and clarify Code language. None of the proposed amendments would directly result in any physical development, nor will the proposed amendments result in any change to the built-out environment as envisioned by the General Plan or Development Code. Therefore, the proposed Development Code Amendments are not a “project” under Public Resources Code section 21065, and, in the alternative, are exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) under CEQA Guidelines section 15061(b)(3), the “common sense exemption,” where it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment; and WHEREAS, all legal prerequisites to the adoption of this ordinance have occurred; and WHEREAS, on September 10, 2025, the City Council conducted a duly noticed public hearing, and received and considered all written and oral evidence related to the Application; and WHEREAS, the City Council, after due study, deliberation and public hearing, took action to recommend approval of the Application in accordance with the General Plan goals and policies, the Development Code; and
NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Big Bear Lake does ordain as follows:

Section 1. The City Council hereby specifically finds that all of the facts set forth in the above recitals of this ordinance, are true and correct and are incorporated herein.

Section 2. The City Council hereby finds that the Application is not a “project” under Public Resources Code section 21065, and, in the alternative, are exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) under CEQA Guidelines section 15061(b)(3), the “common sense exemption,” where it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment.

Section 3. Based on the evidence for the Application presented to the City Council during the September 10, 2025, public hearing, including public testimony and written and oral staff reports, the City Council specifically finds, pursuant to §17.03.200, et.al that the following circumstances exist:

1. The proposed Development Code Amendment conforms with the goals, objectives and policies of the General Plan, specifically Land Use Element Policy L3.5 which provides for the keeping of a reasonable number of domestic animals. The proposed amendments would modify several sections of the Development Code with the intent to streamline certain administrative permit procedures, clarify setback standards, and provide clarifications to several other sections including residential and commercial development standards. While several sections are included as part of the proposed amendment, none will result in any change to the built-out environment as envisioned by the General Plan or Development Code.

As such, the proposed amendment can be found in conformance with the General Plan.

2. The proposed Development Code Amendment is necessary to implement the General Plan and provide for public safety, convenience, and general welfare, because the Development Code establishes the standards and regulations to govern the use and development of properties. From time-to-time it is necessary to amend the document to remove ambiguity and to correct deficiencies that have arisen to keep the Development Code a current and relevant document.

3. The proposed Development Code Amendment conforms with the intent of the Development Code and is consistent with all other related provisions thereof. Each section of the Development Code that is proposed to be amended has been dutifully and thoroughly evaluated to ensure the standard is equitable, practical, and enforceable. The amendments have been initiated by the City to fairly apply the regulations pertaining to animals in both residential and commercial zones. The proposed amendments apply standards for accessory buildings and structures while still maintaining the integrity of the residential and commercial development standards.

4. The Development Code Amendment is reasonable and beneficial at this time because the City is currently experiencing an increase in the number and scope of inquiries regarding animal keeping and associated accessory structure standards. As the definition of a domesticated animal has changed over time, the original definition provided in the 2003 Development Code has been identified as being unclear and out of date, which has resulted in property owners circumventing current development standards and creating undesirable conditions in residential and commercial zones alike. Therefore, it is the City’s desire to amend the Development Code at this time to avoid future conflicts.

Section 4. Based on the findings and conclusions as set forth in Sections 1, 2, and 3, above, the City Council hereby approves Development Code Amendment 2025-028 finding the amendment statutorily and categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act and adopting an Ordinance amending the Development Code Sections as shown in attached Exhibit A.

Section 5. The City Clerk shall certify the passage of this Ordinance and shall cause the same to be entered in the book of original ordinances of said City; shall make a minute passage and adoption thereof in the records of the meeting at which time the same is passed and adopted; and shall, within fifteen (15) days following the passage of this Ordinance, the Ordinance, or summary thereof, along with the names of the City Council members voting for and against the Ordinance, shall be posted in at least three (3) public places in the City in lieu of publication unless publication is requested by the City Council or otherwise required by law.

PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 2nd day of October, 2025.

Perri Melnick, Mayor
ATTEST:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

STATE OF CALIFORNIA )

COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO )

ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BIG BEAR
LAKE APPROVING DEVELOPMENT CODE AMENDMENT 2025-028

PROPOSING CITYWIDE REVISIONS TO DEVELOPMENT CODE
SECTIONS: 17.25.040 ACCESSORY USES PERMITTED IN RESIDENTIAL ZONES, 17.25.060 ADDITIONAL SETBACK REGULATIONS, AND

17.35.030 PRINCIPAL USES PERMITTED IN COMMERCIAL AND

PUBLIC ZONES TO INTRODUCE NEW STANDARDS AND

REGULATIONS RELATED TO THE KEEPING OF ANIMALS IN

RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL ZONES AND FINDING THESE

AMENDMENTS EXEMPT FROM THE CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL

QUALITY ACT
was duly passed and adopted by the said City Council, approved and signed by the Mayor of said City, and attested by the Clerk of Said City, all at an adjourned regular meeting of the said Council on the 2nd day of October 2025, and that the same was so passed and adopted by the following vote:

AYES:

NOES:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:

I do hereby further certify that pursuant to the provisions of Section 36933 of the Government Code of the State of California that the foregoing Ordinance No. 2025-xxx was duly and regularly published according to law and the order of the City Council and circulated within the said City.

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

EXHIBIT A

REDLINE VERSION
Proposed Text Changes to Development Code Amendment 2025-028 Proposed changes for the affected section of the General Plan is shown in red for added language and strikethrough for deleted text, below:

DEVELOPMENT CODE (MUNICIPAL CODE, TITLE 17)
Chapter 17.25: RESIDENTIAL ZONES
Residential - 17.25.040 – Accessory uses permitted in residential zones.

Zone District R-L R-1 R-3 R-4
Accessory Structures:
 Animal enclosures—Large
animals (barns, corrals, pastures,
stables)
 Animal enclosures—Small
animals (dog houses, coops, pens,
etc.)
P1
P1
P1
P1
—
P1
—
P1
Item 2.1
Exhibit A
Section 17.25.040 – Accessory uses permitted in residential zones Zone District R-L R-1 R-3 R-4
Animal Uses:

Keeping of domestic animals commonly
kept as household pets2:
 Single family residential use: 2
dogs over age of 4 mos. for each
lot 7,200 sq. ft. or less; 3 for lots
7,201-10,000sq. ft.; 4 for lots of
10,001 – 20,000 sq. ft.; maximum
of 5 for each lot over 20,000 sq.
ft.
 Single family residential use: 2
cats for each lot 7,200 sq. ft. or
less; 3 for lots 7,201-10,000sq.
ft.; 4 for lots of 10,001 – 20,000
sq. ft.; maximum of 5 for each lot
over 20,000 sq. ft.
 Multiple family residential use:

Maximum of 2 dogs and/or cats
over age 4 mos. per dwelling unit
 Potbellied Pigs (under 200 lbs.)
and Pygmy Goats (under 100
lbs.); 2 for each lot 7,200 sq. ft. or
less; 3 for lots 7201-10,000sq. ft.;
4 for lots of 10,001 – 20,000 sq.
ft.; maximum of 5 for each lot
over 20,000 sq. ft
 Female Poultry (under 10 lbs.); 2
for each lot 7,200 sq. ft. or less; 3
for lots 7,201-10,000sq. ft.; 4 for
lots of 10,001 – 20,000 sq. ft;
20,000 sq. ft. or more 1/2,000sq.
ft.; Maximum of 9 for each lot
over 20,000 sq. ft
 Rabbits and chinchillas; 2 for
each lot 7,200 sq. ft. or less; 3 for
lots 7,201-10,000sq. ft.; 4 for lots
of 10,001 – 20,000 sq. ft; 20,000
sq. ft. or more 1/2,000sq. ft.;
Maximum of 9 for each lot over
20,000 sq. ft
P
P
_
P
P
P
P
P
_
P
P
P
—
—
P
P
P
P
—
—
P
—
—
—
Zone District R-L R-1 R-3 R-4
 Keeping of Horses and ponies on
lots of ¾ acre or greater in area; 1
animal per each 10,000 sq. ft. of
lot area, not to exceed 6 animals
per lot or project.
 Keeping of Llamas, donkeys,
mules, or burros on lots of 1 acre
or greater in area; 1 animal per
each 10,000 sq. ft. of lot area, not
to exceed 6 animals per lot or
project.
 Other small rodents, birds,
insects, reptiles, and amphibians.

Not to exceed 10 animals per
dwelling regardless of size if kept
indoors in cages.
 Fish. No specified limit.
 Kennels and/or Breeding of
animals.

P
P
P
P
—
P
—
P
P
—
—
—
P
P
—
—
—
P
P
—
1 Subject to special development standards in this Chapter. 2Offspring of animals maintained on the same property in compliance with applicable laws and regulations that are less than four months old or that have not been weaned, whichever is longer, shall not be subject to the maximum density or number limitations established by this Chapter.

Residential - 17.25.060 - Additional setback regulations.

B. Setbacks for Animal Uses in R-L Applicable to All Residential Zones.

1. Each animal-keeping land use shall include all structures necessary to maintain and care for the animals (e.g., barn, coops, corral, pens, stables, etc.).

2. Any building or permanent enclosure used for keeping animals shall be located at least fifty (50) feet from the front property line, and at least seventy (70) forty (40) feet from any dwelling on an adjacent lot buildings used for human habitation, public parks, schools, hospitals, churches or similar assembly-type uses. For purposes of this section, buildings used for human habitation shall not include attached or detached garages or storage buildings.

3. Animal enclosures shall be located at least five feet from the interior side and rear property lines, and fifteen (15) feet from side street rights-of-way (excepting bridle paths). Fences used for animal enclosures shall be at least five feet in height and shall be of such construction as to preclude their escape. For purposes of this section, animal enclosures shall include areas used for maintaining, grazing, riding, leading, exercising, tying, hitching, stabling, and allowing animals to run at large.

This section shall not preclude the riding or leading of horses to or from the premises in order to gain access to a bridle path, trail or street.

4. Animals shall be kept at least 100 feet away from any domestic water well.

Chapter 17.35: COMMERICAL AND PUBLIC ZONES
Section 17.35.030 – Principal uses permitted in commercial and public zones Zone District C-1 C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5 P
Lodging, commercial, including the following and similar services:
 Indoor Animal
Boarding: Kennel
(Breeding
Prohibited);
including limited
daytime outdoor
activities.
_ CUP CUP CUP _ _
Medical services, including the following and similar uses:
 Veterinary clinic,
Boarding; small
animal (within
enclosed building)
 Breeding of animals
_
—
P
—
_
—
_
—
_
—
_
—
Community Development Department
39707 Big Bear Boulevard, PO Box 10000, Big Bear Lake, CA 92315 • (909) 866-5831 • www.citybigbearlake.com DATE: August 20, 2025
TO: Planning Commission
FROM: Andrew Mellon, Community Development Manager
SUBJECT: Development Code Amendment Animals and Associated Land Uses LOCATION: Residential and Commercial Zone Districts, Citywide

RECOMMENDED ACTION(S)
Staff has prepared an analysis of Development Code language related to animals and recommends the Planning Commission:

1. Receive the staff presentation; and

2. Hold a public hearing and take public testimony; and

3. Adopt a resolution determining the project categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to section 15061(b)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines; and recommending that the City Council approve Development Code Amendment 2025-028 to various sections of Title 17 of the Municipal Code, to Development Code Sections: 17.25.040 “Accessory Uses Permitted in Residential Zones”, 17.25.060 “Additional Setback Regulations”, and 17.35.030 “Principal Uses Permitted in Commercial and Public Zones” to introduce new standards and regulations related to the keeping of animals in residential and commercial zones. including minor text changes to streamline several administrative processes, clarify development standards, and provide better alignment with State law, based on certain findings.

APPLICATION INFORMATION
Development Code Amendment (DCA) 2025-028 is a City-initiated application.

PLANNING COMMISSION AUTHORITY
In accordance with section 17.03.200.D of the Development Code, the Planning Commission shall conduct a public hearing and render a recommendation to the City Council.

Item 2.1
Attachment 2
Development Code Amendment DCA 2025-028
Planning Commission Date: August 20, 2025

Page 2 ends

PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Development Code Amendment (DCA) 2025-028 is a City-initiated proposal to amend certain sections of the Development Code related to the keeping of animals in residential and commercial zones. Specifically, the Development Code defines “Domesticated Animals” as:
"Animal, domesticated pet" shall mean any animal customarily kept as a household pet, not including wild or exotic animals; typical pets would include dogs, cats, birds, and tropical fish.” As the public’s understanding and understood definition of a “domesticated animal” has evolved since the adoption of the 2003 Development Code, there has been an observed increase in the number and scope of questions regarding the applicable standards and permissibility of keeping animals which could be defined as farm animals, pets, and/or domesticated animals.

DCA 2025-028 is proposed with the ultimate goal of addressing and clarifying the questions that staff receive related to the keeping of animals, based upon ever-changing State laws.

Following a comprehensive review of animal-related standards of a half-dozen local municipalities and the County of San Bernardino, staff are proposing three sections of the Development Code to be amended to closely reflect the standards established in the San Bernardino County Development Code as follows:
• Development Code Table 17.25.040.A., is proposed to be amended to specify development standards for domesticated animals in residential zones, including potbellied pigs, pygmy goats, poultry, rabbits, chinchillas, horses, kennels; and to exclude animal breeding in residential zones.
• Development Code Section 17.25.060 - Additional setback regulations, is proposed to be amended to clarify animal enclosure setback requirements. • Development Code Section 17.35.030 – Principal uses permitted in commercial and public zones, is proposed to be amended to allow indoor animal boarding; and to exclude animal breeding in commercial zones.

There are no physical developments directly associated with this request. The proposed amendments will not result in any change to the built-out environment as envisioned by the General Plan or Development Code.

BACKGROUND
The City’s Development Code was adopted by the City Council on October 8, 2003. From timeto-time it is necessary to review and amend portions of the code relative to the ever-changing regulatory landscape and the local environment. As such, the above-mentioned sections of the Development Code are requested to be amended in response to the reoccurring questions fielded by the Planning Division regarding domesticated animals. This discussion seeks to clarify and codify the specific types of animals that are permitted to be kept within City limits.

City residents have expressed a long-standing interest regarding the keeping of “micro” or “pygmy” sized animals such as pigs and goats. Additionally, residents have routinely requested that the keeping of smaller animals historically defined as farm animals, such as rabbits and chickens, be allowed within the City.

Development Code Amendment DCA 2025-028
Planning Commission Date: August 20, 2025

Page 3 ends

Complementing the discussion regarding the keeping of small domestic animals, the community has repeatedly expressed interest in increasing the number of parcels allowed to keep and maintain horses. Staff is proposing to amend the Development Code to allow equines on residential lots greater than or equal to ¾ of an acre or 32,670 square-feet. Amending the Development Code to allow more residential lots to keep horses aligns with the intentions of the Community Design, Environmental Resource, Circulation, and Land Use Elements of the General Plan while promoting the Master Plan of Trails which encourages multi-modal mobility across the City and is designed with the goal of facilitating increased pedestrian, bike, and equestrian mobility.

Lastly, the City has a long-standing need for overnight animal boarding facilities that are not medically-related. Therefore, provisions have been included in the proposed Development Code Amendment to allow overnight boarding facilities in select commercial zones. In an effort to preemptively address future conflicts, while addressing a relevant community concern, the proposed amendments in DCA 2025-028, include new regulations prohibiting animal breeding throughout the City of Big Bear Lake.

The changes that you see today reflect similar requirements outlined in the County of San Bernardino Development Code; which governs the rest of the local mountain communities. DCA 2025-028 was previously brought to the Planning Commission as a discussion item on May 7, 2025 and August 6, 2025. Following the August 6th meeting, staff conducted additional analysis of two items as requested by the Planning Commission: horses and the pros and cons of male poultry. As described within this report, horses on ¾ acre promote General Plan policies and the amendment has updated to reflect a revised lot size minimum. In regards to male poultry, benefits of such animals include breeding and protection of the flock. The detriments of male poultry were determined to outweigh the benefits which include aggression, noise, overbreeding, and space demand. Therefore, staff is revising the previous Discussion Item submissions and no longer include male poultry as an allowable animal use.

PROPOSED AMENDMENTS
As there are several sections of the Development Code to consider, the amendments are presented in numerical order. Proposed changes for the affected sections of the Development Code are shown in underline for added language, and strikethrough for deleted text.

Chapter 17.25: RESIDENTIAL ZONES
Residential - 17.25.040 – Accessory uses permitted in residential zones.

Zone District R-L R-1 R-3 R-4
Accessory Structures:

Development Code Amendment DCA 2025-028
Planning Commission Date: August 20, 2025

Page 4 ends

Zone District R-L R-1 R-3 R-4
 Animal enclosures—Large
animals (barns, corrals,
pastures, stables)
 Animal enclosures—Small
animals (dog houses, coops,
pens, etc.)
P1
P1
P1
P1
—
P1
—
P1
Section 17.25.040 – Accessory uses permitted in residential zones Zone District R-L R-1 R-3 R-4
Animal Uses:

Keeping of domestic animals
commonly kept as household pets2:
 Single family residential use: 2
dogs over age of 4 mos. for
each lot 7,200 sq. ft. or less; 3
for lots 7,201-10,000sq. ft.; 4
for lots of 10,001 – 20,000 sq.
ft.; maximum of 5 for each lot
over 20,000 sq. ft.
 Single family residential use: 2
cats for each lot 7,200 sq. ft. or
less; 3 for lots 7,201-10,000sq.
ft.; 4 for lots of 10,001 – 20,000
sq. ft.; maximum of 5 for each
lot over 20,000 sq. ft.
 Multiple family residential use:

Page 5 ends

Zone DistrictR-LR-1R-3R-4
10,001 – 20,000 sq. ft.;
maximum of 5 for each lot over
20,000 sq. ft
 Female Poultry (under 10
lbs.); 2 for each lot 7,200 sq. ft.
or less; 3 for lots 7,201-
10,000sq. ft.; 4 for lots of
10,001 – 20,000 sq. ft; 20,000
sq. ft. or more 1/2,000sq. ft.;
Maximum of 9 for each lot over
20,000 sq. ft
 Rabbits and chinchillas; 2 for
each lot 7,200 sq. ft. or less; 3
for lots 7,201-10,000sq. ft.; 4
for lots of 10,001 – 20,000 sq.
ft; 20,000 sq. ft. or more
1/2,000sq. ft.; Maximum of 9
for each lot over 20,000 sq. ft
 Keeping of Horses and ponies
on lots of ¾ acre or greater in
area; 1 animal per each
10,000 sq. ft. of lot area, not to
exceed 6 animals per lot or
project.
 Keeping of llamas, donkeys,
mules, or burros on lots of 1
acre or greater in area; 1
animal per each 10,000 sq. ft.
of lot area, not to exceed 6
animals per lot or project.
 Other small rodents, birds,
insects, reptiles, and
amphibians. Not to exceed 10
animals per dwelling
regardless of size if kept
indoors in cages.
 Fish. No specified limit.  Kennels and/or Breeding of animals.

P
P
P
P
P
P
—
P
P
P
—
P
P
—
P
P
—
—
P
P
—
—
—
—
—
P
P
—
Development Code Amendment DCA 2025-028
Planning Commission Date: August 20, 2025

Page 6 ends

2Offspring of animals maintained on the same property in compliance with applicable laws and regulations that are less than four months old or that have not been weaned, whichever is longer, shall not be subject to the maximum density or number limitations established by this Chapter.

Residential - 17.25.060 - Additional setback regulations.

B. Setbacks for Animal Uses in R-L Applicable to All Residential Zones.

1. Each animal-keeping land use shall include all structures necessary to maintain and care for the animals (e.g., barn, coops, corral, pens, stables, etc.).

3. Animal enclosures shall be located at least five feet from the interior side and rear property lines, and fifteen (15) feet from side street rights-of-way (excepting bridle paths).

Fences used for animal enclosures shall be at least five feet in height and shall be of such construction as to preclude their escape. For purposes of this section, animal enclosures shall include areas used for maintaining, grazing, riding, leading, exercising, tying, hitching, stabling, and allowing animals to run at large. This section shall not preclude the riding or leading of horses to or from the premises in order to gain access to a bridle path, trail or street.

4. Animals shall be kept at least 100 feet away from any domestic water well.

Page 7 ends

Zone District C-1 C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5 P
Medical services, including the following and similar uses:
 Veterinary clinic,
Boarding; small
animal (within
enclosed building)
 Breeding of
animals
_
—
P
—
_
—
_
—
_
—
_
—

CONSISTENCY ANALYSIS
General Plan
When the General Plan was adopted, the land use element focused on domesticated animals and horses to be regulated through the Development Code. Expansions to animal keeping as an accessory use are supported by General Plan Policy L3.5 and Policy L3.6 which provide for accessory uses in residential neighborhoods as permitted by State law to meet the needs of City residents. Specifically, Policy L3.5 provides for the keeping of a reasonable number of domestic animals in residential districts and for related animal-keeping provisions. Staff believe that in an effort to increase the number of personal freedoms available to City residents, it is appropriate to allow for increased animal-related accessory uses including horses, in regular (R-1) Single Family Residential Zones consistent with the below-outlined General Plan Policies, Programs, and Goals.

The project is consistent with the General Plan policies contained in the Land Use, Community Design, Environmental Resources, and Circulation Elements as described in the table that follows.

POLICY # SUMMARY OR INTENT CONSISTENCY ANALYSIS
CD 6.1.D
For equestrian lots, adequate
setbacks should be maintained for
animal enclosures to avoid
adversely impacting adjacent
properties
The proposed amendment to Section 17.25.060
regarding setbacks for animal uses directly
supports this policy by requiring specific setbacks
from all animal enclosures to neighboring uses.

Goal CD 2
Enhance a "sense of place" within
Big Bear Lake by emphasizing the
City's environmental setting, natural
amenities, gateways, landmarks
and boundaries.

Expanding small-scale animal keeping and
encouraging equestrian use in the R-1 zone
enhances Big Bear Lake’s rustic, mountain-town
character and supports a stronger rural identity.

Policy CD 1.5
Development should encourage
and facilitate interaction of people
through use of functional open
space and connectivity.

The equestrian expansion aligns with this policy by
encouraging horse ownership and use of trails,
thereby enhancing social interaction and use of
shared open space.

Development Code Amendment DCA 2025-028
Planning Commission Date: August 20, 2025

Page 8 ends

POLICY # SUMMARY OR INTENT CONSISTENCY ANALYSIS
Goal C3 Encourage the use of non-vehicular
transportation throughout the city.

Expanding horse-keeping eligibility to more parcels
supports equestrian travel and aligns with the multimodal goals of the Master Plan of Trails.

Goal ER2
Preservation, maintenance, and
enhancement of the City's heritage
and resources, including historic
and prehistoric cultural artifacts and
traditions.

The amendment reflects local heritage by
supporting animal keeping traditions and
maintaining land use compatibility with the
mountain community’s cultural identity.

Policy ER 3.2
Evaluate all proposed land use and
development plans for their
potential to create groundwater
contamination hazards from point
and non-point sources, and
cooperate with other appropriate
agencies to assure appropriate
mitigation.

New standards mandating a required 100ft setback
of animals from domestic water wells helps reduce
the risk of contamination from animal waste near
sensitive water features.

Policy ER 6.3
The City shall promote the
development and use of alternative
modes of travel to reduce
dependence on motor vehicles.

Enabling more residents to own horses fosters nonautomotive, equestrian mobility, which supports this environmental goal.

Program L 1.2.1
Revise and adopt amendments to
the City's Development Code,
Zoning Map, Village Specific Plan,
sign ordinance and other
documents as needed to ensure
conformance of these provisions
with the General Plan.

This proposal fulfills the intent of this program by
updating animal-keeping regulations in response to
evolving legal standards and public interest, while
maintaining internal consistency with the General
Plan.

Policy L 3.2
Ensure that residential
development provides an attractive
living environment and creates
long-term value for residents as
well as the community
Clearly defined rules for domestic animal keeping
and exclusion of breeding preserve neighborhood
quality while accommodating resident preferences.

Policy L 3.5
Provide for keeping of a reasonable
number of domestic animals in
residential districts and for the
keeping of horses within
designated areas of the City, and
enforce animal-keeping provisions
to ensure that residential
neighborhoods are protected from
excessive odors or other nuisances
from animals
The amendment directly implements this policy by
allowing a greater range of animals with clear limits
and excluding nuisance-causing uses like animal
breeding.

Policy L 3.6
Provide for accessory uses in
residential neighborhoods as
permitted by State law and to meet
the needs of City residents
By expanding the existing animal-keeping as an
accessory use section of the Development Code
significant efforts are made to accommodate
resident interests.

Development Code Conformance
In accordance with Development Code Section 17.03.200.D, the Planning Commission must conduct a public hearing to consider an amendment to the Development Code. The Development Code Amendment DCA 2025-028
Planning Commission Date: August 20, 2025

Page 9 ends

Commission must determine whether the proposed amendment is consistent with all required findings and provide a recommendation to the City Council.

FINDINGS
Pursuant to Development Code Section 17.03.200, pertaining to development code amendments, the Planning Commission must determine the merits of the proposed project to support recommendation of the proposed Development Code Amendment, as follows:

1. The proposed Development Code amendment conforms with the goals, objectives and policies of the general plan;

2. The proposed Development Code amendment is necessary to implement the general plan and to provide for public safety convenience and/or general welfare;

3. The proposed Development Code amendment conforms with the intent of the Development Code and is consistent with all other related provisions thereof; and

4. The proposed Development Code amendment is reasonable and beneficial at this time.

ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATION
The recommended amendments involve a series of minor text changes to streamline several administrative processes, clarify Code language, and better alignment with State law. None of the proposed amendments would directly result in any physical development, nor will the proposed amendments result in any change to the built-out environment as envisioned by the General Plan or Development Code. Therefore, the proposed Development Code Amendments are not a “project” under Public Resources Code section 21065, and, in the alternative, are exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) under CEQA Guidelines section 15061(b)(3), the “common sense exemption,” where it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment. As such, a Notice of Exemption may be filed, and is provided as an attachment.

PUBLIC OUTREACH & INPUT
A legal advertisement and a box ad providing notification of the proposed amendments were published in The Grizzly on August 7, 2025. In addition, a notice was posted in three public places a minimum of 10 days prior to the hearing date. The Planning Commission agenda was distributed to Commissioners at least 72 hours in advance of the meeting, and through the City’s webpage, the meeting packet was available to the general public.

Attachments:

1. Recommended Planning Commission Resolution

2. May 7th Discussion Item Report

3. August 6th Discussion Item Report

DISCUSSION/ACTION

ITEM REPORTS

MEETING
DATE: September 10, 2025
TO: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
THROUGH: Erik Sund, City Manager
FROM: Sean Sullivan, Assistant City Manager
Nicholas Haecker, Deputy Public Works Director
SUBJECT: Adopt the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Plan

BACKGROUND & DISCUSSION
In the event of an emergency or disaster, local governments, especially Cities, are looked to for information, resources, and the response to the situation. In Big Bear Lake, the City is generally looked to for support and assistance in times of emergencies, as has been the situation when emergency situations impact the Big Bear Valley. In 2023, in the aftermath of the Radford Fire (Fall 2022) and the Winter Blizzard (February/March 2023), City staff looked at our emergency preparations and response efforts and determined that some elements were in need of an update.

Most notably, the City’s Emergency Operations Plan, at that time, had been in place for more than 10-years without update. Staff made it a priority to update the City’s Emergency Operations Plan based upon the frequency of the occurrence of emergency situations within the San Bernardino Mountains.

On September 13, 2023, the City Council authorized an agreement with Jacob Green and Associates (JGA) to update the City’s Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) at a total cost of $35,000.

JGA is an established consulting firm that provides support to local government agencies, on a number of fronts, including emergency management and emergency plan development. JGA’s staff is experienced in municipal emergency management and planning and provides a high level of expertise to their clients through these processes.

The State of California Government Code (Chapters 8569 and 8610) speaks to the development of Emergency Operations Plans by local agencies. The City of Big Bear Lake Municipal Code Chapter 2.24.080 establishes the responsibility for developing the City’s Emergency Plan. Further, the Municipal Code describes that the City’s Emergency Plan shall “provide for the effective mobilization of all of the resources of this City, both public and private, to meet any condition constituting a local emergency, state of emergency, or state of war emergency; and shall provide for the organization, powers and duties, services and staff of the emergency organization.” The team at JGA has developed this Emergency Operations Plan in close coordination with City Item 3.1
staff and in accordance with the standards set forth by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the California Office of Emergency Services (CalOES). Most notably, the proposed plan adheres to the Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) and National Incident Management System (NIMS). SEMS is the State’s program of procedures and regulations for responding to and managing emergencies, which was adopted in 1993. NIMS is the national, standardized approach to managing incidents of various nature, size, and complexity.

The updated plan supports the effective mobilization and use of city resources, enabling departments to operate cohesively under extraordinary circumstances. It also provides staff with clear procedures to navigate the complexities of disaster scenarios, from initial response through initial recovery. The plan speaks, in detail, to elements related to Concept of Operations, which lays out the framework for how the City structure should operate in accordance with the standards set forth in SEMS and NIMS. This plan outlines roles and responsibilities for the team that is identified to respond to the emergency and the processes and procedures that which should be followed. More specifically, the revised plan provides a detailed, comprehensive overview of the phases of Emergency Management, the activation of an Emergency Operations Center and the guidance as to how that should be managed, and additional resources and information. The plan also speaks to the assignment of responsibilities across multiple levels of multiple agencies and the overall direction and control of a situation.

Adopting this plan will provide the City with an updated framework from which the team can respond to and manage emergency situations here in the Big Bear Valley. Having a current plan of this nature in place is critical to accessing resources and reimbursements in the event of an emergency as it may be required to access certain funding elements related to emergency response and emergency planning. Once the plan is adopted, it will become a living document that is used as needed, reviewed after use, and serve as a basis for which City staff will be trained related to our roles and responsibilities in an emergency.

Throughout this process, the team has engaged with other local agencies and partners to learn more and share information about what each agency is doing in order to build a better plan and better tools for coordination. The consultant spoke to agency partners at many of our other local government agencies, participated in a discussion with the Mountain Mutual Aid Association, and engaged with the San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services and their Operational Area Coordinating Council. The engagement and coordination with other agencies is paramount to the ongoing planning and preparedness of any agency or organization.

FISCAL IMPACT
There is no fiscal impacts associated with this item.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
None requiring review under the California Environmental Quality Act.

CONSIDERATION OF STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
This item aligns with the City Council’s Strategic Priority Goal No. 5, to “Preserve and protect the quality of life for the residents and business, while maintaining a balance with the environment to foster a sustainable economic base.”

RECOMMENDED ACTION
It is recommended that the City Council adopt a Resolution Adopting the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Plan.

ATTACHMENTS

1. Resolution No. 2025-XX

2. City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) RESOLUTION NO. 2025-XX

RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE CITY OF BIG BEAR LAKE

EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN
WHEREAS, the City of Big Bear Lake recognizes the importance of emergency preparedness to protect life, property, and the environment; and
WHEREAS, California Government Code Sections 8569 and 8610, and Chapter 2.24.080 of the City of Big Bear Lake Municipal Code, require the City to maintain and adopt an Emergency Operations Plan; and
WHEREAS, on September 13, 2023, the City Council awarded a contract to Jacob Green and Associates (JGA) to update the City’s Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) to ensure consistency with current state and federal guidelines and to provide an effective tool for the City’s response to emergency situations; and
WHEREAS, the Emergency Operations Plan has been prepared in alignment with the California Office of Emergency Services (CalOES) guidance and the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) Comprehensive Preparedness Guide 101; and WHEREAS, the plan, as developed, incorporates the requirement of the Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) as prescribed by the Sate of California and the National Incident Management System (NIMS) as prescribed by FEMA; and
WHEREAS, the updated EOP reflects the City’s evolving hazard profile, including wildfire, severe winter weather, flooding, and seismic risks, and provides a comprehensive framework for effective disaster response, recovery, and coordination with local, county, state, and federal partners; and
WHEREAS, adoption of the EOP by the City Council will enable the City to coordinate emergency response more effectively with other levels of government, support resource sharing during disasters, and comply with state and federal emergency planning requirements; and WHEREAS, the City Council has reviewed the Emergency Operations Plan and finds that it supports the City’s commitment to preserving and protecting the quality of life for residents and businesses while ensuring a sustainable and resilient future.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY that the City Council of the City of Big Bear Lake, does hereby adopt the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Plan (EOP).

Item 3.1
Attachment 1
PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 10th day of September, 2025.

Perri Melnick, Mayor
ATTEST:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk

STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO ) ss

AYES:

NOES:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:

Erica Stephenson, City Clerk
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
1 EOP Part 1| September 2025
SEPTEMBER 2025
Item 3.1
Attachment 2
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
2 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Portions of the Emergency Operations Plan (EOP), including supporting parts and annexes, may contain sensitive information pertaining to the deployment, mobilization, and tactical operations of the City of Big Bear Lake government and that of cooperating or assisting agencies in response to emergencies.

Although the EOP Base Plan (Part 1) is available for public use and review, the City of Big Bear Lake may withhold certain supporting parts and annexes from full public disclosure under the provisions of the California Public Records Act (California Government Code §§ 6250 - 6276.48).

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
3 EOP Part 1| September 2025

PROMULGATION STATEMENT
This Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) is adopted as the official emergency plan of the City of Big Bear Lake by Resolution No. 2025-XXX of the City Council of the City of Big Bear Lake, California, dated September 10, 2025. This version supersedes all previous versions.
____________________________________

PERRI MELNICK, MAYOR
City of Big Bear Lake City Council
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
4 EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
5 EOP Part 1| September 2025

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL ............................................................................................... 3 PROMULGATION STATEMENT ....................................................................................... 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................... 5 FOREWORD.................................................................................................................... 9 PREFACE ...................................................................................................................... 11 RECORD OF CHANGES ................................................................................................. 13 PLAN DISTRIBUTION .................................................................................................... 15 CONCURRENCE SIGNATURES TO THE EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN....................... 17 PLAN ORGANIZATION .................................................................................................. 19 PLAN ACTIVATION........................................................................................................ 19 PREEMPTIVE RESPONSE ACTIONS................................................................................ 20

1.0 PURPOSE AND SCOPE ................................................................................................ 23

1.1 PURPOSE................................................................................................................ 23

1.2 SCOPE .................................................................................................................... 23

1.3 BASIS FOR PLANNING............................................................................................. 24

1.4 OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................ 24

2.0 SITUATION AND ASSUMPTIONS................................................................................. 25

2.1 SITUATION ............................................................................................................. 25

2.2 HAZARDS SUMMARY.............................................................................................. 26

2.3 PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS...................................................................................... 33

3.0 CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS ......................................................................................... 37

3.1 GENERAL OVERVIEW.............................................................................................. 37

3.2 PHASES OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT .............................................................. 38

3.3 PLAN IMPLEMENTATION AND ACTIVATION ........................................................... 42

3.4 EOC ACTIVATION AND DEACTIVATION................................................................... 44

3.5 EOC ACTIVATION LEVELS........................................................................................ 45

3.6 EOC ACTIVATION STAFFING GUIDE BY LEVEL ......................................................... 46 City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
6 EOP Part 1| September 2025

3.7 EOC STAFFING MATRIX FOR DEPARTMENTS ......................................................... 51

3.8 CALIFORNIA STANDARDIZED EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ...................... 54

3.9 NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ....................................................... 57

3.10 INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM............................................................................. 58

3.11 EOC COORDINATION............................................................................................ 59

3.12 EOC ACTION PLANS.............................................................................................. 60

3.13 EMERGENCY OPERATING CONDITIONS ................................................................ 62

3.14 NOTIFICATION AND MOBILIZATION OF FORCES................................................... 65

3.15 INFORMATION COLLECTION, ANALYSIS AND DISSEMINATION............................. 65

3.16 COMMUNICATIONS ............................................................................................. 71

3.17 EMERGENCY SITUATION TERMINOLOGY.............................................................. 90

3.18 SPECIAL NEEDS POPULATIONS ............................................................................. 93

3.19 ADA/AFN/CULTURAL COMPETENCE..................................................................... 95

3.20 DISASTER ANIMAL CARE CONSIDERATIONS ....................................................... 103

3.21 RECOVERY OPERATIONS..................................................................................... 104

3.22 CITY DEPARTMENT PARTICIPATION ................................................................... 115

4.0 ORGANIZATION AND ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES.........................................117

4.1 GENERAL OVERVIEW OF EMERGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES..................................... 117

4.2 DIRECTOR OF EMERGENCY SERVICES................................................................... 117

4.3 CITY COUNCIL....................................................................................................... 117

4.4 CITY EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION....................................................................... 117

4.5 DISASTER SERVICE WORKER................................................................................. 118

4.6 FIRST RESPONSE DEPARTMENTS.......................................................................... 118

4.7 LEAD DEPARTMENTS............................................................................................ 119

4.8 SUPPORT DEPARTMENTS ..................................................................................... 119

4.9 COORDINATING DEPARTMENTS........................................................................... 120

4.10 DEPARTMENT OPERATIONS CENTER.................................................................. 120

4.11 EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER.................................................................... 121

4.12 DEPARTMENT RESPONSIBILITIES........................................................................ 121 City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
7 EOP Part 1| September 2025

4.13 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION OVERVIEW................................................... 121

4.14 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION CROSSWALK................................................. 122

4.15 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS ............................................. 128

4.16 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION RESPONSIBILITIES ........................................ 134

4.17 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION COORDINATORS .......................................... 136

4.18 CONSOLIDATED EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES ........................................................... 136

4.19 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION MATRIX OVERVIEW...................................... 136

4.20 EMERGENCY SUPPORT MATRIX ......................................................................... 138

4.21 SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY OPERATIONAL AREA............................................... 139

4.22 CITY VOLUNTEER GROUPS ................................................................................. 139

4.23 COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT ............................................................................. 139

4.24 NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ........................................................... 140

4.25 BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY .................................................................................. 141

4.26 SCHOOLS, COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES............................................................ 143

4.27 FAITH-BASED ORGANIZATIONS .......................................................................... 143

5.0 DIRECTION AND CONTROL ........................................................................................147

5.1 DIR. OF EMERGENCY SERVICES/ASST. DIR.OF EMERGENCY SERVICES .................. 147

5.2 CITY EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER .............................................................. 147

5.3 DEPARTMENT DIRECTION .................................................................................... 147

5.4 LOCAL CONTROL .................................................................................................. 148

5.5 EOC RESPONSE..................................................................................................... 148

5.6 CITY MANAGER AUTHORITY................................................................................. 148

5.7 ON-SCENE CONTROL ............................................................................................ 149

5.8 EOC COORDINATION............................................................................................ 149

5.9 DOC COORDINATION ........................................................................................... 149

5.10 EOC ORGANIZATION .......................................................................................... 149

5.11 FIELD / EOC DIRECTION AND CONTROL INTERFACE ........................................... 151

5.12 FIELD COORDINATION WITH DOCS AND EOCS ................................................... 151 City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
8 EOP Part 1| September 2025

6.0. CONTINUITY OF GOVERNMENT................................................................................153

6.1 CONTINUITY OF GOVERNMENT ........................................................................... 153

6.2 DIRECTOR OF EMERGENCY SERVICES................................................................... 153

6.3 SUCCESSION OF OFFICERS.................................................................................... 154

6.4 LINES OF SUCCESSION.......................................................................................... 154

6.5 RECONSTITUTING GOVERNMENT ........................................................................ 155

6.6 PRESERVATION OF VITAL RECORDS...................................................................... 155

6.7 SUCCESSION OF COMMAND AND CITY COUNCIL ................................................ 156

6.8 ALTERNATE SEAT OF GOVERNMENT .................................................................... 157

7.0 ADMINISTRATION AND LOGISTICS ............................................................................159

7.1 ADMINISTRATION ................................................................................................ 159

7.2 FINANCE DURING DISASTER................................................................................. 159

7.3 LOGISTICS............................................................................................................. 160

7.4 EMERGENCY FACILITIES........................................................................................ 161

7.5 MUTUAL AID........................................................................................................ 167

7.6 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE COMPACT .......................................... 174

7.7 EMERGENCY PROMULGATIONS ........................................................................... 175

7.8 TRAINING AND EXERCISES.................................................................................... 184

8.0 PLAN DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE ...............................................................189

8.1 PLAN DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................... 189

8.2 PLAN MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................... 189

8.3 PLAN REVISIONS................................................................................................... 191

8.4 COORDINATION WITH OTHER PLANS................................................................... 192

9.0 AUTHORITIES AND REFERENCES................................................................................193

10.0 GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS OF TERMS .................................197

11.0 ATTACHMENTS .......................................................................................................219 ATTACHMENT #1 HISTORICAL MILESTONES IN CA EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT....... 221 ATTACHMENT #2 INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ...... 225 City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
9 EOP Part 1| September 2025

FOREWORD

EOP OVERVIEW
The City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) provides strategic guidance for response and recovery to a full range of natural, technological, and human-caused emergencies and disasters. The EOP is both a preparedness and a response document in that it provides actions to be taken prior to an emergency and then serves as a strategy to guide efforts taken during emergencies. It should be read, understood, and exercised before an emergency by those authorities that have a role in the EOP implementation and activation. It has been developed consistent with the California Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) and the National Incident Management System (NIMS).

EOP DEVELOPMENT
In developing the EOP, steps have been taken to ensure it is consistent with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and California Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) standards. The EOP is written in coordination with the State of California Emergency Plan, National Response Framework, and FEMA’s Comprehensive Preparedness Guide 101 - Developing and Maintaining Emergency Operations Plans.

The City of Big Bear Lake Disaster Council is responsible for developing ‘emergency and mutual aid plans and agreements’ (City of Big Bear Lake Municipal Code (MC) Chapter 2.24.040). The City Manager, as the Director of Emergency Services, has the responsibility for the ‘development and coordination of the emergency service planning for the city’ (MC 2.24.060).

Responsibility for developing the EOP and related emergency plans, procedures, policies, and agreements has been delegated to the City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Department and that of the Assistant City Manager/Public Works Director, who coordinates the day-to-day responsibilities of the Director of Emergency Services. The City Manager serves as the Director of Emergency Services and is ultimately responsible for directing disaster readiness, planning, and operations.

This plan provides the framework within which City of Big Bear Lake departments, allied agencies, non-governmental organizations, volunteer groups, and private organizations can develop detailed response procedures, continuity of government/continuity of operations plans, resource arrangements, and aid City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
10 EOP Part 1| September 2025
agreements. These departments, agencies, and organizations collectively comprise the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Organization (MC 2.24.070).

EOP SUPPORTING PROCEDURES
Recipients of this EOP are expected to develop any needed detailed plans, procedures, arrangements, and agreements for their respective departments or agencies, train their personnel to implement them, and make changes and adjustments when necessary.

Each department or agency assigned in a Lead or Support role should have access to any required emergency resources identified in the plans and the means for obtaining those resources during an emergency or disaster.

EOP UPDATES
Emergency planning involves a continuous and cyclic process. As such, the EOP will continually undergo changes, revisions, and updates. Updates and changes to the EOP will be issued as necessary based on lessons learned from disasters and emergency exercises, new technology, new statutory requirements, changes in jurisdictional organization, and changes in jurisdictional or partner capabilities.

Supplements to this plan that address unique emergency functions or specific hazards and with regional or seasonal planning implications will be issued periodically and as necessary by the city.

Regular and routine updates may be made without further promulgation or legislative action.

SUMMARY
While no plan can fully prevent loss of life and destruction of property, good plans carried out by well-trained and knowledgeable personnel can and will minimize losses. City departments, allied agencies, non-governmental organizations, volunteer groups, and private organizations are encouraged to take all necessary preparedness actions to enable them to fulfill their role in the Emergency Operations Plan.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
11 EOP Part 1| September 2025

PREFACE
This comprehensive Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) outlines the concepts and strategies to prevent, mitigate, prepare, protect, respond, and recover from natural, technological, and human-caused hazards affecting the City of Big Bear Lake. All actions undertaken by emergency management forces focus on protecting lives, property, and the environment; maintaining critical governmental operations; and ensuring a timely transition to recovery.

Emergency response activities must be undertaken according to a prescribed plan to ensure that disaster response and recovery resources are applied effectively.

The EOP is developed with this coordination, collaboration, and cooperation in mind.

By the very nature of a disaster, the City of Big Bear Lake recognizes that successful response and recovery depends on prepared and ready city departments, city staff, other levels of government, non-governmental organizations, businesses, and citizens. To this end, the City of Big Bear Lake encourages education and training to prepare city emergency operations staff, other governmental organizations, non-governmental organizations, businesses, and the citizens of the City of Big Bear Lake to be prepared and ready to respond effectively to disasters impacting our community.

The EOP is organized in parts focusing on specific areas, including basic concepts of operations, emergency operations center management, emergency functions, and hazard-specific response plans. City departments will develop and maintain specific standard operating procedures (SOPs) as needed to support their lead or support role in the EOP.

The EOP consists of five, though interconnected, elements. These individual elements are referred to as “parts.” This Base Plan (Part 1), Emergency Operations Center Guidelines and Procedures (Part 2), Emergency Function Annexes (Part 3), Hazard Specific Annexes (Part 4), and Supporting Attachments (Part 5) collectively make up the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Plan (EOP).

While some parts of the EOP have been completed, others may be under development, revision, or planned for development in subsequent planning efforts.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
12 EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
13 EOP Part 1| September 2025

EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN

RECORD OF CHANGES

DATE CHANGE
NO.

PART, ANNEX, OR ATTACHMENT

CHANGED

PERSON UPDATING
PLAN
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
14 EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
15 EOP Part 1| September 2025

PLAN DISTRIBUTION

DEPARTMENT / AGENCY / ORGANIZATION
City of Big Bear Lake City Council City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Department
City of Big Bear Lake City Manager’s
Office
City of Big Bear Lake Primary
Emergency Operations Center (EOC)
City of Big Bear Lake City Attorney’s
Office
City of Big Bear Lake Alternate
Emergency Operations Center (EOC)
City of Big Bear Lake City Clerk’s Office San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services
City of Big Bear Lake Community
Development Department
Big Bear Lake Fire Authority
City of Big Bear Lake Finance &
Treasury Services Division
San Bernardino County Sheriff’s
Department – BBL Patrol Station
City of Big Bear Lake Human Resources
& Risk Management Division
Big Bear Lake Branch Library –
circulation (SBCO)
City of Big Bear Lake Information
Technology Division
Distribution Methodology:
• All planning documents will be distributed digitally. • Timing of distribution:
o Part 1-Base Plan will be distributed as it is promulgated. o All other EOP parts, including attachments and appendices, will be distributed as they are developed, updated, or revised.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
16 EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
17 EOP Part 1| September 2025

CONCURRENCE SIGNATURES TO THE

EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN
City Manager Assistant City Manager/City
Clerk
Assistant City Manager/ Director
of Public Works
City Attorney
Concurrence indicates agreement with
the general concept of operations of the plan
and department, agency, or organization assigned tasks.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
18 EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
19 EOP Part 1| September 2025

PLAN ORGANIZATION AND ACTIVATION

PLAN ORGANIZATION
The Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) is organized into five distinct “parts” to provide the greatest functionality and flexibility in its application by emergency organization personnel and key city officials.

PART 1: BASE PLAN
Authorities, concept of operations, and assignment of
responsibilities.

PART 2: EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (EOC) OPERATIONS
EOC activation procedures, organization, and functional position descriptions.

PART 3: EMERGENCY FUNCTION ANNEXES
Standard operating concepts and procedures for commonly required EOC emergency response and support functions.

PART 4: HAZARD ANNEXES
Standard operating concepts and procedures that are unique to specific hazards and threats.

PART 5: SUPPORTING ATTACHMENTS
Reserved for supporting documents and references essential to the execution of the jurisdictional EOP and not fitting into Parts 2 through 4.

While some parts of the EOP have been completed, other parts may be under development, under revision, or reserved for development in subsequent planning efforts.

PLAN ACTIVATION
The plan will become activated:

1. On order of the City Manager as the Director of Emergency Services, or the Assistant City Manager as the Assistant Director of Emergency Services, or, or the Public Works Manager as the Emergency Operations Manager, or City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
20 EOP Part 1| September 2025

2. At the proclamation of a local emergency or upon the existence of circumstances where a proclamation is likely to occur in accordance with the city’s Emergency Management Ordinance, or

3. When the Governor has proclaimed a State of Emergency in an area, including the City of Big Bear Lake, or

4. At the proclamation of a State of War Emergency, as defined by the California Emergency Services Act, or

5. Upon a Triggering Event identified within this section.

In the event of a threatened emergency, the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Organization (City of Big Bear Lake Municipal Code Chapter 2.24.070), or any portion of it, may be mobilized before activation of this plan by order of the City Manager, Assistant City Manager, Department Director, or City Emergency Operations Manager.

TRIGGERING EVENTS
The following events may trigger the activation of the EOP and EOC.  Damaging earthquake, wildfire, flood, snowstorm, or other impactful event  Severe weather warnings
 Significant city resource commitment or draw-down
 Regular emergency exercise and training
 City special or planned event of significance
 Any event that inhibits the city’s ability to deliver essential services

PREEMPTIVE RESPONSE ACTIONS
Actions taken before a potential, impending, or threatened emergency will be taken to prevent, mitigate, or prepare for such an event. Actions may include, though not be limited to, obtaining, and maintaining situation and resource status information; pre-alerting response departments and organizations; developing incident-specific contingency plans and staffing patterns; pre-positioning of response assets and emergency resources; and establishing and maintaining communications with Department Directors, Department Operations Centers, City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
21 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Assisting and Cooperating Agencies, and the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Organization.

Preemptive response actions may be ordered by the City Manager, Assistant City Manager, Department Director, or City Emergency Operations Manager.

HOW TO USE THIS PLAN
Prior to EOP Activation
▪ Understand departmental or organizational responsibilities ▪ Develop all necessary supporting SOPs
▪ Acquire and allocate resources necessary to fulfill assigned responsibilities ▪ Train staff and teams to perform their roles as outlined in the EOP or SOPs Upon EOP Activation
▪ Refer to the EOC organizational chart in EOP Part 2 (Position Checklists) ▪ Identify the function for which your department or organization is responsible for and ensure it is staffed within the City’s EOC ▪ Locate the corresponding section in EOP Part 2 that outlines the function and associated tasks
▪ Under the direction of the Director of Emergency Services/EOC Director, and in coordination with other EOC functions, carry out the tasks as described in EOP Part 2
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
22 EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
23 EOP Part 1| September 2025

1.0 PURPOSE AND SCOPE

1.1 PURPOSE
This plan determines the actions to be taken by staff members of the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Organization to prevent disasters where possible, to reduce the vulnerability of residents to any disasters that cannot be prevented, to establish capabilities for protecting citizens from the effects of disasters, to respond effectively to the actual occurrence of disasters, and to provide for recovery in the aftermath of any emergency involving extensive damage or other debilitating influence on the normal pattern of life within the community.

1.2 SCOPE
The City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) addresses the city's planned response to extraordinary emergencies and disasters associated with natural, technological, national security, and human-caused emergencies.

The EOP does not address normal day-to-day or more routine emergencies.

Instead, the operational concepts reflected in this plan focus on extraordinary emergencies, large-scale disasters, and catastrophic incidents, which can generate unique situations requiring an exceptional or extraordinary response.

This Base Plan establishes the authority and identifies the general concept of operations on which further plans, procedures, guidelines, arrangements, and agreements can and should be elaborated upon.

The structure outlined in the EOP is responsive to the full range of tasks that could accompany any extraordinary emergency or disaster affecting the City of Big Bear Lake. It is designed to focus initial response efforts on saving lives, protecting property, and meeting basic human needs in the hours and days following an emergency or disaster.

The EOP applies to all City of Big Bear Lake departments and independent organizations that may be tasked to assist in an extraordinary emergency or disaster. For purposes of the EOP, any reference to city departments generally means departments, divisions, and organizational units.

The plan is structured so departments can respond under individual department authorities and capabilities or as part of a more robust city-wide effort. The EOP takes an all-hazards approach to disaster response. The response concepts within City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
24 EOP Part 1| September 2025
the EOP are designed to be applied to the full range of all-hazards and all-risks emergencies that may impact the city.

Because the EOP is designed as an overarching strategy, additional policies, procedures, and guidance may be developed to support this plan.

1.3 BASIS FOR PLANNING
The California Emergency Services Act (Chapter 7 of Division 1 of Title 2 of the Government Code) in Article 3, § 8568, states: "The State Emergency Plan shall be in effect in each political subdivision of the state, and the governing body of each political subdivision shall take such action as may be necessary to carry out the provisions thereof."
United States Homeland Security Presidential Directive-5 (HSPD-5) directs the development and implementation of the National Incident Management System (NIMS). NIMS requires developing and maintaining various planning elements at the local government level, including the Emergency Operations Plan (EOP).

The City of Big Bear Lake's Emergency Operations Plan is developed per Chapter

2.28.080 - Emergency Plan of the City of Big Bear Lake Municipal Code and takes effect upon adoption by resolution of the city council.

1.4 OBJECTIVES
The following objectives guide the planning and the conduct of response and recovery efforts for the City of Big Bear Lake during an emergency:

1. Save lives.

2. Provide for the continuity of government.

3. Safeguard property, the environment, and the economy.

4. Repair and restore essential systems, services, and lifelines.

5. Provide a basis for direction and control of emergency operations.

6. Provide for the protection, use, and distribution of emergency resources.

7. Coordinate emergency operations with other jurisdictions and emergency service organizations.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
25 EOP Part 1| September 2025

2.0 SITUATION & ASSUMPTIONS

2.1 SITUATION
Overview: The City of Big Bear Lake is located in the mountains of San Bernardino County, along the banks of Big Bear Lake, and nestled within the rugged San Bernardino National Forest. Located approximately 100 miles northeast of Los Angeles and one hour's drive from the City of San Bernardino, Big Bear Lake is home to four seasons of outdoor recreation. At an elevation of 6,752 feet, the city is a destination for outdoor enthusiasts seeking year-round mountain activities. Home to 5,206 people in 2020 (City of Big Bear Lake General Plan 2021-2029-Housing Element September 19, 2022), the city sees high seasonal shifts in tourists and visitors throughout the year. The city also serves as a hub for businesses, restaurants, gas stations, and healthcare for the area's many unincorporated mountain communities of Big Bear Valley, including Big Bear City, Fawnskin, Sugarloaf, Erwin Lake, Baldwin Lake, and Lake Williams. Big Bear Lake is also unique in that approximately three-quarters of its housing units are vacation homes held for occasional use. As a tourism hub, the region sees over 3,000,000 visitors each year (BigBear.Com).

6.42 miles in size, the city shares approximately one-half of the shoreline of Big Bear Lake, mainly along the southern shore. Access to and from the city is primarily along Highways 18 and 330 to the west and southwest, Highway 38 to the southeast, and Highway 18 to the northeast. These highways serve visitors, residents, commerce, and public safety services during emergencies. There have been times when one or more highways have been blocked or closed for extended periods due to traffic collisions, fires, snowstorms, flooding, or rockslides. The city and surrounding mountaintop communities have been under evacuation warnings due to wildfire several times. After receiving 80 inches of snow in late February 2023, all highways leading to the mountain communities were closed for extended periods, resulting in people trapped in their homes, shortages of food and fuel, and extensive damages, prompting a Gubernatorial Declaration of Emergency.

Incorporated in 1980, the city provides its 5,206 residents with a broad spectrum of traditional municipal services, with select services provided through cooperative agreements. Fire service is provided through the Big Bear Fire Authority. Law City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
26 EOP Part 1| September 2025
enforcement service is contracted through the San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department. The City of Big Bear Lake Department of Water and Power provides its own water service. The Bear Valley Electric Service provides electrical service, and natural gas service is provided by the Southwest Gas Corporation.

Like other similar-sized municipalities in Southern California, the city is prone to hazards and threats that affect disaster recovery. These are not limited to earthquakes, pandemics, fires, and flooding. Due to its unique geographical location, the City of Big Bear Lake is also prone to extraordinary emergencies such as wildland interface and forest fires, extreme wind events, blizzards, tree mortality, and extended isolation due to road closures.

2.2 HAZARDS SUMMARY
The City of Big Bear Lake has assessed those natural, technological, and humancaused threats and risks that could, however likely or unlikely, negatively impact City services and disrupt regular business operations. The following is a summary of this assessment.

LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN
As a signature to the Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan - Big Bear Fire Authority/City of Big Bear Lake/Big Bear Community Services District 2020 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP), the Hazard Mitigation Planning Team assessed ten natural hazards. The hazard assessment process consists of several components, including hazard identification, vulnerability analysis, and risk analysis, resulting in a "priority risk index ."Risk scores were assigned based on relative risk with hazards and then ranked by the combined score. A numerical scoring of 0-4 was used, with 4 representing the highest risk. The priority risk index rating can then be utilized to organize and assign prevention or mitigation activities and resources to each hazard based on their relative ranking. These ten hazards are consistent with similar findings in the San Bernardino County MultiJurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (December 2022). These hazards are listed in Table 2.2A on the next page.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
27 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Table 2.2A
City of Big Bear Lake & San Bernardino County Hazards
Hazard Big Bear Fire Authority/City
of Big Bear Lake/Big Bear
Community Services District
(LHMP) 2020
San Bernardino County
MJHMP 2022
Wildfires X X
Infestation X X
Drought X X
Earthquake X X
Winter Storms X X
Lightning X X
Severe Thunderstorm X
High Winds/Straight Line Winds X X
Flooding X X
Flash Flooding X
Terrorism X
Climate Change X
Extreme Heat X
Landslide X
Hail X
Dam Inundation X
Tornado X
Extreme Cold X
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
28 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Big Bear Fire Authority/City of Big Bear Lake/Big Bear Community Services District considered ten hazards in the 2020 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan. These ten hazards were ranked in Table 2.2B below.

Table 2.2B
Cybersecurity Risk
In addition to natural hazards and risks, the City of Big Bear Lake has identified the threat of cyber-attacks as a risk. With its reliance on digital infrastructure for tourism, commerce, and municipal operations, proactive strategies are imperative to mitigate cyber-attack risks. The city embraces its technological evolution while prioritizing the safety and security of its community against modern threats.

CalFire’s Fire Hazard Severity Zone Maps
CAL FIRE’s Fire Hazard Severity Zone (FHSZ) maps classify areas across California into moderate, high, or very high wildfire risk based on vegetation, slope, and fire City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
29 EOP Part 1| September 2025
weather conditions. These maps inform land use planning, building codes, and emergency preparedness at the local level. Big Bear Lake incorporated the 2024 updated zones into its planning framework and formally adopted them in June 2025. While hazard mitigation planning is not a central focus of this Emergency Operations Plan (EOP), the updated FHSZ maps will guide the next revision of the jurisdiction’s Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP), supporting long-term resilience in a forested mountain community at high wildfire risk.

San Bernardino County considered 16 hazards in their 2022 hazard assessment and subsequent Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan update. Of these 16 hazards, the planning team deemed three as "High Probability" and "High Impact," which would require focused hazard planning and mitigation efforts.

These 16 hazards were prioritized as follows:

Table 2.2C
High Probability/High Impact
• Wildfire
• Flood
• Earthquake / Geologic Hazards
High Probability/Medium Impact
• Drought
Medium Probability/High Impact
• Terrorism
Medium Probability/Medium Impact
• Climate Change (Extreme Heat and
Other)
The following hazards were considered as either low probability or low impact:

Dam Inundation
Hail
Infestation
Tornado
High Winds
Winter Storm
Lightening
Extreme Cold
These hazards and their relative frequency and impact are a foundation for continued disaster recovery planning. Each hazard presents its own unique response and recovery considerations and challenges.

COUNTY DISASTERS
The County of San Bernardino has experienced 33 Federal Major Disaster Declarations since 1965. These 33 major disasters include nine fires, 20 severe weather events, one pandemic (declared twice), and two earthquakes (County of San Bernardino Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2022).

INCIDENTS OF LOCAL SIGNIFICANCE
Table 2.1.1D on the next page details incidents of local significance that have had a notable impact on the City of Big Bear Lake and neighboring communities.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
30 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Table 2.2D

DATE INCIDENT IMPACTS
September 5, 2024-
December 23, 2024
Wildifire
The Line Fire ignited on September 5, 2024,
near Highland, California, and burned 43,978
acres in the San Bernardino National Forest
before full containment on December 23.

Caused by arson, it forced evacuations of over
9,200 homes in communities including Running
Springs and Angelus Oaks. The fire destroyed
one structure, damaged four, and led to six
non-fatal injuries. A state of emergency was
declared, prompting federal support and
deployment of the California National Guard.

Smoke impacts closed schools and restricted
flights, as extreme heat and dry conditions
drove its rapid spread. Evacuation warnings
and orders were issued for parts of Big Bear
Lake, Big Bear City, and surrounding areas.

February 23, 2023 –
March 15, 2023
Winter Storm
From February 23, 2023, through March 15,
2023, the San Bernardino Mountain Range was
hit with a powerful winter storm characterized
by the National Weather Service as a
"blizzard". The initial snowfall was from
February 23 through February 28, with nearly
seven feet of snow accumulation. A second
round of snowfall began March 2 through
March 4, bringing another four feet of heavy
wet snow to the mountains.
13 deaths; 1 storm related (SBCO Coroner’s
Office); Extensive road closures; Supply chains
interruption.

September 5, 2022 –
September 30, 2022
Wildfire
The Radford Fire was a 1,000 acre fire that
started on September 5 in the Barton Flats area
of the San Bernardino National Forest. The fire,
north of Highway 38 and south of City of Big
Bear Lake proper, caused the evacuations of
neighborhoods and the closure of roads within
the City. The fire perimeter impinged on Snow
Summit to the north, Bear Mountain to the
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
31 EOP Part 1| September 2025
east, and Seven Oaks Dam to the south.

January 20, 2020 –
ongoing
Pandemic
COVID-19 pandemic first reported in California
on Janaury 20, 2020 prompting dramatic shifts
in social interaction, delivery of government
services, closure of “non-essential” business
and industry, and longlasting health impacts.

As of January 1, 2024, the California
Department of Public Health (CDPH) has
reported 12,129,699 confirmed cumulative
cases and 101,159 deaths in the state.

February 14, 2019 Winter Storm
A severe winter storm starting off as rain and
transitioning to snow caused signifcant impacts
due to high winds, flashflooding, and snow.

Rockslides, powerlines down, and fallen trees
caused extended road closures of highways 18
and 38.

August 23, 2015 Wildfire
The Summit Fire
At least 400 homes were threatened as crews
worked to contain a wildfire that burned
through timber near a popular ski resort in the
San Bernardino Mountains. Water cannons
usually used for making snow were pointed at
the fire burning near Snow Summit resort in Big
Bear Lake, about 100 miles east of downtown
Los Angeles. Firefighters workedthrough the
night held the blaze to about 100 acres.

Evacuation orders were in place for up to 500
homes, many of them cabins and vacation
houses. All schools within the Bear Valley
Unified School District were closed for atleast
one day. Several mountain roads were closed.

September 14, 2007 Wildfire
The Butler 2 Fire was a 14,668 acre fire that
started on September 14 northwest of Big
Bear. Nearly two thousand residents of
communities in the San Bernardino Mountains
had to evacuate their homes over the weekend
of September 15th , when the fast-spreading
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
32 EOP Part 1| September 2025
wildfire raced through the San Bernardino
National Forest. The fire destroyed 300 homes
and businesses until it was contained on
September 21st.

October 25, 2003 –
November 14, 2003
Wildfire
The Old Fire was a large complex wildfire that
started on October 25 near Old Waterman
Canyon Road and California State Route 18 in
the San Bernardino Mountains of San
Bernardino County. The Old Fire killed six
people, destroyed 975 structures, burned
91,281 acres, and caused $1.2 billion in
damages. The six killed died as indirect results
of the fire.

Just to the west of the Old Fire, the Grand Prix
Fire burned 69,894 acres, and destroyed 194
houses in the hills above Upland, Rancho
Cucamonga, and Fontana October 21, 2003 –
November 5, 2003.

The Old Fire and Grand Prix Fires were two of
15 wildfires throughout Southern
California that month, which became known as
the "2003 Firestorm" and the "Fire Siege of
2003.

June 21, 2022 Wildfire
The Butler I Fire occurred in June 2002 near Big
Bear Lake in the San Bernardino National
Forest. It burned approximately 1,000 acres
and was contained within a few days. While
not as destructive as later fires, it prompted
evacuations and highlighted the area's
vulnerability to fast-moving wildfires in steep
terrain.

April 23, 2002 –
January 29, 2013
Tree Mortality
On April 23, 2002, the Board of Supervisors of
San Bernardino County proclaimed the
existence of a local emergency located in the
San Bernardino National Forest and requested
the Governor to proclaim a state of emergency
due to the bark beetle infestation. On March
7, 2003, the Governor issued a Proclamation
declaring a State of Emergency in the impacted
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
33 EOP Part 1| September 2025
areas of Riverside, San Bernardino, and San
Diego counties. On January 29, 2013 the Board
of Supervisors of San Bernardino County
proclaimed the emergency over.

The bark beetle infestation, exasperated by a
drought, caused historical fire conditions, flood
control, ecological, environmental, and
economic issues.

June 28, 1992 Earthquake
The 1992 Big Bear earthquake occurred
at 08:05:33 PDT on June 28 in Big Bear Lake,
with a moment magnitude of 6.5 and a
maximum perceived intensity of VIII (Severe)
on the Mercalli intensity scale.

In the Big Bear area, severe damage was
reported. Roughly 2,600 chimneys were
destroyed, 20 homes were knocked off their
foundations, and many unreinforced masonry
structures partially or completely
collapsed. Ruptured gas pipelines and
dislodged fuel tanks caused by the tremor
sparked fires that destroyed additional
structures. The earthquake also caused
landslides in the San Bernardino Mountains,
blocking several roadways and creating dust
clouds that led many to believe forest fires
were occurring. The Stanfield Cutoff was
heavily damaged, and had to be closed for
several days for repairs.

2.3 PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS
The City of Big Bear Lake is responsible for the actions of its Emergency Organization and Disaster Services Workers. The Emergency Organization consists of ‘all offices and employees of this city, together with those volunteer forces enrolled to aid them during an emergency, and all groups, organizations and persons who may by agreement or operation of law, including persons impressed into service under the provisions of Municipal Code (MC) Chapter 2.24.060 Section A6, be charged with duties incident to the protection of life and property in this city during such emergency, shall constitute the emergency organization of the city. Disaster Service Workers include all public and private volunteer agencies and members, e.g., City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
34 EOP Part 1| September 2025
disaster services, emergency medical services, search and rescue, and communication organizations, who will register with the city emergency services as disaster service workers. (MC Chapter 2.24.070).

The City of Big Bear Lake provides a full spectrum of municipal services, as do other cities of its size. These services are delivered through a combination of internal departments and staff and contracted or call-when-needed service providers. In contracting out for such services as public safety, it will focus much of its emergency operations activities on coordinating the efforts of its contract service providers. To that end, the city will commit all available resources to save lives, minimize injury to persons, and reduce property damage. As a contract city, the City of Big Bear Lake only possesses some of the tactical assets to deal with every emergency. Instead, it must rely on contract agencies to provide assets in response. It is presumed that these contract resources will be available to the city in times of emergency or disaster.

While it is likely that outside assistance would be available in most large-scale disaster situations affecting the city, and while plans have been developed to facilitate coordination of this assistance, it is necessary for the city to plan for and to be prepared to carry out certain disaster response and short-term recovery operations on an independent basis.

General Planning Assumptions: Certain general planning assumptions guide disaster preparedness, response, and recovery. These assumptions should guide planning activities at the city, special district, non-governmental, and business levels.

General planning assumptions include the following concepts:
 Emergencies may occur at any time with little or no warning and may exceed the capabilities of local, state, and federal governments and the private sector.
 It is often impossible to predict the specific effects of an emergency or to be sure in advance that any particular situation would or would not occur.

Effects might include interruption of essential public services, damage to utilities, infrastructure, and communication systems, fatalities, injuries, environmental harm, property loss, and displacement.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
35 EOP Part 1| September 2025
 Responsibility for emergency preparedness rests with all levels of government.
 Warning time used effectively decreases life and property loss.  Personnel preparedness and training are essential to effective emergency operations.
 The nature and extent of an emergency will govern which elements of the emergency organization will mobilize and respond.

Local Planning Assumptions: Certain local planning assumptions guide the local preparedness, response, and recovery from a local disaster. These assumptions should guide planning activities at the city, special district, non-governmental, and business levels.

Local planning assumptions include, though are not limited to:
 During an emergency or disaster, the City of Big Bear Lake will take immediate action to determine, direct, mobilize, and coordinate resource needs. Normal operations may be interrupted, and resources may be redirected to save lives, relieve human suffering, sustain survivors, protect property, and repair essential facilities.
 The City of Big Bear Lake maintains an Emergency Operations Center (EOC), physical or virtual, from which all city emergency activities will be managed.  The City of Big Bear Lake has designated staff and identified key officials to coordinate response and recovery activities.
 The City of Big Bear Lake will coordinate all available resources to save lives, minimize injury to persons, and limit property damage.
 As the Director of Emergency Services, the City Manager's Office leads disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness, protection, response, and recovery activities. The Public Works Department has been delegated the day-to-day operational tasks of emergency management.
 As Director of Emergency Services, the City Manager will coordinate the city's disaster response in conformance with the City of Big Bear Lake Municipal Code, Chapter 2.24 - Emergency Management.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
36 EOP Part 1| September 2025
 The City of Big Bear Lake will use all its resources, including contracted technical personnel, equipment, facilities, and supplies, to prevent, mitigate, prepare, protect, respond to, or recover from a disaster.  Mutual aid assistance will be requested when disaster relief requirements exceed the City of Big Bear Lake's capacity to meet them.  Mutual aid assistance, critical equipment, essential supplies, and technical expertise may be limited or unavailable during regional or national disasters.  City of Big Bear Lake may rely on the services and resources of contract service providers and governmental agencies in addition to its own.  Contract service providers and governmental agencies (including the San Bernardino County Operational Area) will be capable of delivering essential and emergency services.
 Community-based organizations, businesses, and individuals (including disaster service workers registered by the city) will offer services and support during emergencies.
 As a contract city, the city does not control or direct the activities of the San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department or Big Bear Fire Authority. During an emergency, either agency is unlikely to operate from City Hall in more than a liaison capacity.
 The EOP recognizes the size of the city's staff. The city is authorized 72.0 fulltime equivalent employees (FY 2025-2026 Budget). It may not always be possible for the city to staff all of the EOC functions called for in the California Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) without outside assistance.
 Due to the size of the city’s staffing, the EOC organizational structure is scaled to reflect the size of the city’s regular and customary staffing structure.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
37 EOP Part 1| September 2025

3.0 CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS

3.1 GENERAL OVERVIEW
General: The Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) is based on the premise that the Emergency Support Functions (ESF) performed by the various departments and organizations during emergency operations generally parallel, or are operationally aligned, with their normal day-to-day functions. The same personnel and material resources may be employed in both cases. Everyday tasks and operations that do not contribute directly to the emergency may be suspended or redirected during an emergency or disaster, and efforts that would typically be assigned to those tasks will be directed toward emergency and disaster relief efforts.

The EOP recognizes that the City of Big Bear Lake contracts for many services.

Therefore, certain 'emergency support functions' are coordinated rather than led by the city.

Local, State, and Federal Roles: The City of Big Bear Lake protects life and property from hazardous events that impact the community. The city and its contract agencies share responsibility for emergency management activities.

When the emergency exceeds the city's capability to respond, assistance may be requested from the County of San Bernardino and the State of California. The federal government assists the State as necessary due to the nature and scale of the emergency.

Relationship Between Emergency and Normal Functions: This plan recognizes that the emergency functions to be accomplished by city staff members will generally parallel their normal day-to-day functions. The same personnel and materials will be employed in both cases to the extent possible. It is true, however, that the customary manner of delivering services and conducting normal business activities may not be fully effective during disasters. Therefore, maintaining organizational continuity by assigning familiar tasks to personnel is desirable and always attempted. In large-scale disasters, however, drawing on peoples' unique capabilities and talents and using them in areas of the greatest need may be necessary. Day-to-day functions that do not contribute directly to emergency operations may be suspended during an emergency. Efforts generally devoted to those functions will be redirected to emergency operations and essential tasks.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
38 EOP Part 1| September 2025

3.2 PHASES OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
Phases of emergency management: Four primary phases of emergency management have been outlined, which relate to the city's activities before, during, and after an emergency or disaster.

Mitigation activities either prevent an emergency or reduce the community's vulnerability to minimize the adverse impact of a disaster or other emergency.

Preparedness activities, programs, and systems exist before an emergency and are used to support and enhance response to an emergency or disaster.

Emergency planning, training, exercising, and resource acquisition are conducted during this phase.

City departments and cooperating or assisting agencies with emergency responsibilities may develop standard operating procedures or guidelines (SOPs or SOGs) and checklists describing how resources will be used during an emergency. Such SOPs or SOGs provide coordination and communications among agencies and organizations of other jurisdictions. Elements to be addressed in these SOPs or SOGs include:
▪ Provision of direction and control within the department or agency. ▪ Specific authorities that are assumed by a designated emergency interim successor during emergencies.
▪ Circumstances under which emergency interim successor emergency authorities become effective and when they terminate.
▪ Internal personnel notification or recall rosters and a means to implement them. This process should include a communication system to implement call-down rosters for personnel assigned to the Emergency Operations Center (EOC), organization or agency essential functions, control or dispatch center(s), and other response teams.
▪ Designation and the establishment of a work or control center to manage organizational resources and response personnel and maintain contact with the EOC during emergencies.
▪ Designation of a representative to report to the EOC during an emergency to advise decision-makers and coordinate its services and response efforts with other responding entities.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
39 EOP Part 1| September 2025
▪ Reporting information (casualties, damage observations, evacuation status, essential services and functions status, and business impacts) to the EOC during an emergency.
▪ Support of cleanup, restoration, and recovery operations during disasters. ▪ Training of response staff and volunteer augmentees to perform emergency functions.

City departments and cooperating or assisting agencies should consider increasing their readiness for an emergency upon receiving a hazardous event warning or notification of an actual or impending emergency event.

Actions during this phase include, but are not limited to:
▪ Reviewing and updating emergency plans, procedures, checklists, and rosters. ▪ Dissemination of accurate and timely emergency public information. ▪ Conducting accelerated or just-in-time training of permanent and auxiliary staff.
▪ Inspection of critical and essential facilities.
▪ Recruitment of additional staff and Disaster Service Workers. ▪ Mobilization or staging of emergency resources.

Response activities and efforts address an emergency or disaster's immediate and short-term effects. They help reduce casualties and damage and speed recovery.

Response activities include direction and control, warning, evacuation, and other emergency functions. The nature of the city's emergency operations will depend on the characteristics and requirements of the emergency. The city's Emergency Organization will be activated to cope with the specific situation, and each element will operate according to the provisions of this plan and associated policies and procedures.

Priority will be given to the following activities:
▪ Disseminating incident information, protective warnings, emergency public information, and other advice and action instructions to the public. ▪ Surveying and evaluating the emergency and its impacts. ▪ Marshaling, allocating, and positioning personnel, equipment, and supplies. ▪ Conducting evacuation and or rescue operations.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
40 EOP Part 1| September 2025
▪ Providing for the care and treatment of casualties.
▪ Collecting and identifying fatalities.
▪ Providing for displaced persons' mass care (food and shelter) needs. ▪ Enforcing police powers to control people's locations and movements, establish access controls, and manage vehicular traffic. ▪ Implementing health and safety measures.
▪ Protecting, controlling, and allocating scarce resources. ▪ Advising industry, schools, and businesses of shutdowns, access, and evacuations.
▪ Restoring or activating essential facilities and systems.

When local resources are committed to the maximum and additional supplies and personnel are required to respond to the emergency, requests for mutual aid will be initiated. Fire, law enforcement, public works, utilities, and emergency management will request or render mutual aid through established systems, programs, and plans.

Unless already established in policy, the Director of Emergency Services must authorize any action that involves a financial commitment by the city, mutual aid deployment, or a request for military assistance. Contracted public safety agencies will call up and manage mutual aid per normal mutual aid provisions or agency policies.

If the situation so warrants, a LOCAL EMERGENCY will be proclaimed, and a formal request will be submitted through the Governor's Office of Emergency Services (OES) requesting that the Governor proclaim a STATE of EMERGENCY.

The California Emergency Services Act Chapter 7, Division 1, Title 2, California Government Code (hereinafter referred to as the Act) provides the basic authorities for conducting emergency response and recovery operations provided a proclamation LOCAL EMERGENCY, STATE OF EMERGENCY or STATE OF WAR EMERGENCY is made, consistent with the provisions of the Act. The provisions of the Act are further reflected and expanded on by local emergency ordinances.

The Governor is empowered to proclaim a STATE OF EMERGENCY in any portion of the State when emergency conditions exist in any single county, city and county, or city. When a STATE OF EMERGENCY is declared, mutual aid is mandatory.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
41 EOP Part 1| September 2025
The California Emergency Services Act, § 8558, defines a LOCAL EMERGENCY as the duly proclaimed existence of conditions of disaster or of extreme peril to the safety of persons and property within territorial limits. It further defines a STATE OF EMERGENCY or STATE OF WAR EMERGENCY as incidents of such magnitude and require or appear to require the combined resources of a mutual aid region(s) to manage the emergency.
§ 8617 of the California Emergency Services Act provides that mutual aid may be provided in emergencies that do not require or result in an emergency proclamation. Under this section, the Statewide Fire and Law Enforcement Mutual Aid plans are often utilized daily.

The California Emergency Services Act, § 8630, states that a LOCAL EMERGENCY may be proclaimed only by the governing body or an official designated by ordinance.

If the Governor requests and receives a presidential declaration of an EMERGENCY or a MAJOR DISASTER under Public Law 93-288 (Federal Disaster Relief Act of 1974), he will appoint a State Coordinating Officer (SCO). A duly appointed Federal Coordinating Officer (FCO) and the SCO will coordinate and control state and federal efforts in support of city and county operations.

Recovery is the phase that involves restoring communities to pre-existing or improved conditions. Short-term recovery actions assess damage and return vital life-support systems to minimum operating standards. Long-term recovery and community rebuilding actions may continue for many years.

As soon as possible, the State OES Director, operating through the designated State Coordinating Officer (SCO), will bring together state agency representatives and appropriate local, federal, and American Red Cross officials to coordinate the implementation of state and federal assistance programs and establish support priorities. The CA State Disaster Recovery Framework and the CA State Guide to Disaster Assistance Services provide details, policies, and procedures for restoration and recovery activities.

The Post-Emergency Period has seven primary objectives that may overlap.

These objectives are:

1. Reinstatement of family autonomy.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
42 EOP Part 1| September 2025

2. Provision of essential public services.

3. Restoration of community lifelines.

4. Permanent restoration of public and private infrastructure.

5. Identification of residual and secondary hazards.

6. Plans to mitigate known hazards and risks.

7. Recovery of costs associated with response and recovery efforts.

3.3 PLAN IMPLEMENTATION AND ACTIVATION
The City Manager, as the Director of Emergency Services, the Assistant City Manager, as the Assistant Director of Emergency Services, and the Department Directors are responsible for implementing the Emergency Operations Plan (EOP).

Implementation involves training and exercising the plan, developing emergency policies and procedures, and carrying out other readiness activities supportive of the EOP. It also consists of developing the required resource capabilities to implement this plan.

Activation of the EOP involves invoking emergency policies and procedures, mobilizing, and deploying emergency resources, and carrying out other response and recovery activities supportive of the EOP.

The EOP will become activated:

1. On order of the City Manager as the Director of Emergency Services or the Assistant City Manager as the Assistant Director of Emergency Services, or

2. At the proclamation of a local emergency or upon the existence of circumstances where a proclamation is likely to occur in accordance with the city’s Emergency Management Ordinance, or

3. When the Governor has proclaimed a State of Emergency in an area, including the City of Big Bear Lake, or

4. At the proclamation of a State of War Emergency, as defined by the California Emergency Services Act, or

5. Upon a Triggering Event identified within this section.

In the event of a threatened emergency, the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Organization (MC Chapter 2.24.070), or any portion of it, may be mobilized before City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
43 EOP Part 1| September 2025
activation of this plan by order of the City Manager, Assistant City Manager, Department Director, or City Emergency Operations Manager.

The city’s EOC will automatically activate upon activation of the EOP.

TRIGGERING EVENTS
The following events may trigger the activation of the EOP.  Damaging earthquake, wildfire, flood, snowstorm, or other impactful event  Severe weather warnings
 Significant city resource commitment or draw-down
 Regular emergency exercise and training
 City special or planned event of significance
 Any event that inhibits the city’s ability to deliver essential services

PREEMPTIVE RESPONSE ACTIONS
Actions taken before a potential, impending, or threatened emergency will be taken to prevent, mitigate, or prepare for such an event. Actions may include, though not be limited to, obtaining, and maintaining situation and resource status information; pre-alerting response departments and organizations; developing incident-specific contingency plans and staffing patterns; pre-positioning of response assets and emergency resources; and establishing and maintaining communications with Department Directors, Department Operations Centers, Assisting and Cooperating Agencies, and the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Organization.

The City Manager, Assistant City Manager, Department Director, or City Emergency Operations Manager may order preemptive response actions.

3.4 EOC ACTIVATION AND DEACTIVATION

ACTIVATION OF CITY EOC
The EOC will become activated:

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
44 EOP Part 1| September 2025

1. On order of the City Manager as the Director of Emergency Services, or the Assistant City Manager as the Assistant Director of Emergency Services, or

2. At the proclamation of a local emergency or upon the existence of circumstances where a proclamation is likely to occur in accordance with the City’s Emergency Management Ordinance, or

3. When the Governor has proclaimed a State of Emergency in an area, including the City of Big Bear Lake, or

4. At the proclamation of a State of War Emergency, as defined by the California Emergency Services Act, or

5. Upon a Triggering Event identified in this section.

The city’s EOP will automatically activate upon activation of the EOC.

TRIGGERING EVENTS
The following events may trigger the activation of the EOC.  Damaging earthquake, wildfire, flood, snowstorm, or other impactful event  Severe weather warnings
 Significant city resource commitment or draw-down
 Regular emergency exercise and training
 City special or planned event of significance
 Any event that inhibits the city’s ability to deliver essential services

CITY OF BIG BEAR LAKE EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION
In the event of a threatened emergency, the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Organization, or any portion of it, may be mobilized before this plan is activated by order of the City Manager, Assistant City Manager, Department Director, or City Emergency Operations Manager.

EOC SET UP AND STAFFING
Notification will be made to the city's Emergency Operations Coordinator (or designated alternate), who will cause for and coordinate the EOC's physical activation, set up, and staffing.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
45 EOP Part 1| September 2025

NOTIFICATION OF OPERATIONAL AREA
As soon as practical, the Operational Area - San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services will be notified of the city’s EOC activation. Contact information for the Operational Area - San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services is maintained in the city’s EOC and by the City Emergency Operations Manager.

ALTERNATE EOC ACTIVATION
The city's Alternate EOC will be activated anytime the Primary EOC is uninhabitable, not serviceable, or in a high-hazard zone due to an emergency.

DEACTIVATION OF CITY EOC
The city's EOC will be deactivated on the orders of the Director of Emergency Services upon the conclusion or de-scalation of the criteria or trigger for the original activation. The City Emergency Operations Manager (or designated alternate) will be responsible for and coordinate the physical deactivation and de-staffing of the EOC.

The Operational Area - San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services will be notified of the city's EOC deactivation as soon as practical. Contact information for the Operational Area - San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services is maintained in the city's EOC and by the City Emergency Operations Manager.

3.5 EOC ACTIVATION LEVELS
There are three levels of EOC activation.

LEVEL III: MINIMUM STAFFING
Impending or actual emergencies have prompted an increase in activity at the EOC. Essential EOC functions are activated, commensurate to the impending or actual emergency.

Level III staffing includes, with exceptions, the Management Section, Section Chiefs, and any required support personnel. Other EOC Team members may be required to be readily available by phone.

LEVEL II: PARTIAL STAFFING
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
46 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Impending or actual emergencies have prompted an increase in activity at the EOC. Essential EOC functions are activated, commensurate to the impending or actual emergency.

Level II staffing includes, with exceptions, the Management Section, Section Chiefs, Branch Directors, and any required support personnel. Other EOC Team members may be required to be readily available by phone.

LEVEL I: FULL STAFFING
Impending or actual emergencies have prompted an increase in activity at the EOC. Essential EOC functions are activated commensurate to the impending or actual emergency.

Level I staffing includes, with exceptions, the Management Section, Section Chiefs, Branch Directors, Unit Leaders, and all required support personnel. Level I staffing will generally include all EOC functions and positions. Other EOC Team members may be required to be readily available by phone.

MANAGEMENT WATCH
Departments or management staff may need to monitor an evolving or impending emergency incident remotely. This activity is called a Management Watch and generally involves closely monitoring an event outside or absent from an EOC activation. A Management Watch is not considered an EOC 'activation level.' The Operational Area - San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services does not need to be notified of a Management Watch.

3.6 EOC STAFFING GUIDE BY LEVEL
Each EOC activation and associated EOC organizational structure depends on the emergency incident’s needs and the emergency support functions required. The EOC organization should be constantly assessed and modified to meet the needs of the incident. The three EOC organizational charts on the following pages may be used as the starting point for staffing the EOC by Activation Level.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
47 EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS SECTION IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
LEVEL III: MINIMUM STAFFING
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
48 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Starting point: A. Command and General Staff
Notes:
• Not all positions will be required for every EOC activation. • The Law Enforcement Branch and the Fire-Rescue Branch are filled by outside contracted agencies.
• The Care & Shelter Branch is supported by outside organizations such as the American Red Cross.

Level II is found on the next page
LEVEL II: PARTIAL STAFFING
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
49 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Starting point: A. Command and General Staff
B. Branches & Select Units
Notes:
• Not all positions will be required for every EOC activation. • The Law Enforcement Branch and the Fire-Rescue Branch are filled by outside contracted agencies.
• The Care & Shelter Branch is supported by outside organizations such as the American Red Cross.

Level I is found on the next page
LEVEL I: FULL STAFFING
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
50 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Starting point: A. Command and General Staff
B. Branches
C. All Units
Notes:
• Not all positions will be required for every EOC activation. • The Law Enforcement Branch and the Fire-Rescue Branch, when filled, are filled by outside contracted agencies.
• Care & Shelter Branch, when filled, is supported by outside organizations such as the American Red Cross.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
51 EOP Part 1| September 2025

3.7 EOC STAFFING MATRIX
Each EOC function is assigned to one or more city departments. Table 3.7 represents the primary department assignments for the major EOC functions.

NOTE: *Select EOC positions are filled by outside contracted agencies or organizations. In such arrangements, it is common for these agencies or organizations to fulfill the role remotely as an agency representative or liaison.

Table 3.7

MANAGEMENT SECTION

POSITION FILLED BY
EOC Director City Manager’s Office
EOC Coordinator Public Works Department
Public Information Officer City Manager’s Office
Liaison Officer Public Works Department
Safety Officer Human Resources/Risk Management
Security Officer San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department, or Contracted Private Security Service
Legal Advisor City Attorney (contracted)

OPERATIONS SECTION

POSITION FILLED BY
Operations Section Chief Public Works Department
Public Works Branch
Director
Public Works Department
Building & Safety Branch
Director
Building and Safety Division
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
52 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Law Enforcement Branch
Director
San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department
May be filled as an agency representative or liaison working remotely from the City’s EOC.

Fire and Rescue Branch
Director
Big Bear Fire Authority
May be filled as an agency representative or liaison working remotely from the City’s EOC.

Care and Shelter Branch
Director
City of Big Bear Lake (Lead)
American Red Cross (Support)
May be filled as an agency representative or liaison working remotely from the City’s EOC.

PLANNING AND INTELLIGENCE SECTION

POSITION FILLED BY
Planning and Intelligence
Section Chief
Community Development Department
Situation & Resource Unit
Leader
Community Development Department
Advance Planning Unit Community Development Department
Recovery Planning Unit Community Development Department Damage Assessment Unit Community Development Department GIS Mapping Unit Contracted Service, or Planning Division Documentation Unit City Clerk’s Office

LOGISTICS SECTION

POSITION FILLED BY
Logistics Section Chief Public Works Department
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
53 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Supply and Procurement
Unit Leader
Public Works Department
Facilities Unit Leader Public Works Department
IT Unit Leader Contracted Service
Personnel Unit Leader Human Resources / Risk Management Department Transportation Unit
Leader
Public Works Department
Communications Unit Public Works Department

FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION SECTION

POSITION FILLED BY
Finance and
Administration Section
Chief
Finance Division
Time Unit Leader Finance Division
Cost Accounting Unit
Leader
Finance Division
Compensation & Claims
Unit Leader
Human Resources / Risk Management Department
Purchasing Unit Leader Finance Division
Cost Recovery Unit Leader Finance Division
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
54 EOP Part 1| September 2025

3.8 STANDARDIZED EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
The City of Big Bear Lake has adopted the California Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) (California Government Code, § 8607, Emergency Services Act (Chapter 7, Division 1, Title 2) and is committed to complying with all applicable elements.

In times of emergency or disaster, the City of Big Bear Lake will coordinate with other cities, the County of San Bernardino, the State of California, and the federal government to manage the emergency. In 1993, the State adopted regulations establishing the Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) to enhance this coordinated effort. SEMS is based upon the Incident Command System (ICS), adapted from the system developed initially by FIRESCOPE (Firefighting Resource of California Organized for Potential Emergencies). SEMS is further based upon the Multi-Interagency Coordination System, Mutual Aid, and the Operational Area Concept.

The City of Big Bear Lake is part of the San Bernardino County Operational Area and, as such, coordinates disaster preparedness and response efforts with the San Bernardino Office of Emergency Services and the San Bernardino County Operational Area EOC.

SEMS is intended to standardize the response to emergencies involving multiple jurisdictions or agencies. SEMS is also meant to be flexible and adaptable to the needs of all emergencies and emergency responders in California. Local government must use SEMS to be eligible for state funding of response-related personnel costs pursuant to activities identified in the California Code of Regulations, Title 19, Sections 2920, 2925, and 2930.

These regulations do not supersede individual agencies' roles and responsibilities in existing laws or the State Emergency Plan.

SEMS Organizational Levels: All California emergency response agencies must use SEMS when responding to, managing, and coordinating multiple agencies or multiple jurisdiction incidents, whether single or multiple disciplines.

There are five organizational levels in the SEMS:

1. Field Response Level
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
55 EOP Part 1| September 2025

2. Local Government Level

3. Operational Area Level

4. Regional Level

5. State Level
Field Response Level: This level commands emergency response personnel and resources to carry out tactical decisions and activities in direct response to an incident or threat.

Local Government Level: This level manages and coordinates a jurisdiction’s overall emergency response and recovery activities.

Operational Area Level: This level manages and coordinates information, resources, and priorities among local governments within the operational area (county) and serves as the coordination and communications link between the local and regional levels.

Regional Level: This level manages and coordinates information and resources among operational areas within a mutual aid or administrative region designated pursuant to Government Code Section 8600 and between the operational areas and the State. The region and the state level coordinate overall state support for emergency response and recovery activities.

State Level: This level manages state resources in response to the emergency needs of the other levels, manages and coordinates mutual aid among the mutual aid regions and between the regional and state levels, and serves as the coordination and communication link with the federal disaster support system.

SEMS Organizational Functions: Local government, operational area, regional, and state levels will organize EOCs using the following functions within SEMS:
▪ Management
▪ Operations
▪ Planning and Intelligence
▪ Logistics
▪ Finance and Administration
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
56 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Management function: This function is responsible for overall emergency policy and coordination through joint efforts of governmental agencies and private organizations.

Operations function: This function is responsible for coordinating jurisdictional operations to support the emergency by implementing the organization’s action plan.

Planning and intelligence function: This function is responsible for collecting, evaluating, and disseminating information; developing the organization’s action plan in coordination with other functions; and maintaining incident records and documentation.

Logistics function: This function is responsible for providing facilities, services, personnel, equipment, and materials to support incident response.

Finance and Administration function: This function is responsible for all incident financial activities and administrative aspects not assigned to the other functions.

When to implement SEMS: SEMS will be used when the city Emergency Operations Center (EOC) is activated or when a LOCAL EMERGENCY, as defined in Government Code § 8558(c) is declared or proclaimed. When the EOC is activated, communications and coordination will be established between the Incident Commander(s) and the Department Operations Center(s) to the EOC or between the Incident Commander(s) and the EOC. Fire, law enforcement, and public works resources will be coordinated through their respective mutual aid systems and associated dispatch centers.

Communications and coordination will be established between the city EOC and any state or local response agency having jurisdiction at an incident occurring within the local government's boundaries. As defined in Government Code Section 8607(a), the City shall use multi-agency coordination to facilitate decisions for overall local government-level emergency response activities.

Mutual aid: The City of Big Bear Lake must be prepared to respond promptly and effectively to emergencies and have provision for mutual aid if the response effort requires resources beyond those available within the city. Much of the mutual aid coordination will be done, as a contract city, by external contracted organizations or county mutual aid coordinators.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
57 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Mutual aid is a concept that enhances the response capabilities of governmental jurisdictions in times of large emergencies or disasters. Economics and operational capacities make it impossible for one jurisdiction to have all the resources necessary to handle the occasional large-scale emergency or disaster adequately. For this reason, most public safety and emergency support agencies have mutual aid agreements with neighboring jurisdictions and larger governmental entities to use and deploy additional emergency resources. The city is part of, through external contracted agencies, several mutual aid programs, including fire-rescue, law enforcement, public works, and emergency management mutual aid.

As a city in San Bernardino County, any mutual aid requests will be through the San Bernardino County Operational Area to specific mutual aid coordinators (Fire, Sheriff, Emergency Management, Public Health). If county resources are insufficient or unavailable for response, the county will invoke mutual aid from other counties and the state. If the situation warrants, the State will request federal assistance.

Most local governments are signatories to the California Master Mutual Aid Agreement.

3.9 NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
The City of Big Bear Lake has adopted the National Incident Management System (NIMS) (Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) - 5) and is committed to complying with all applicable elements.

National Incident Management System (NIMS): The federal government adopted the National Incident Management System (NIMS) in 2003 to manage emergency incidents and disasters from the first responder level to the highest levels of the federal government. It is based, at least in part, on SEMS and includes using the Incident Command System and the Unified Command Structure (ICS/UC). It is flexible and appropriate for all types of incidents. The City of Big Bear Lake uses this flexible structure to manage all kinds of incidents, particularly those that require the establishment of Incident Command Posts at or near an incident site and the use of Emergency Operations Centers and Department Operations Centers. NIMS resulted from post 9/11 Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) - 5, which directed the development and adoption of a national system of managing incidents of national significance.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
58 EOP Part 1| September 2025
NIMS integrates several emergency response components, including:
▪ Preparedness.
▪ Communications and Information Management.
▪ Resource Management.
▪ Command and Management.
▪ Supporting Technologies.
▪ Ongoing Management and Maintenance.

3.10 INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM (ICS)
The Incident Command System (ICS) is based on several management concepts that provide the foundation for effective response operations, including:

Unified command structure: All involved agencies contribute to developing overall incident objectives, selecting strategies, joint planning of tactical activities, and integrating tactical operations.

Common terminology: Common titles are established and used for organizational functions, resources, and facilities, allowing different organizations or departments to communicate using common terminology and operating procedures.

Modular organization: The emergency response structure can be established, expanded, and contracted depending on the type, size, and complexity of the incident.

Integrated communications: Incident communications are managed through a common communications plan, and a communications center is established to support tactical operations and the resources assigned to the response.

Consolidated action plans: All participating organizations or departments are involved in developing the overall incident objectives, selecting strategies, planning, and performing tactical activities that are crafted into an Incident Action Plan or an EOC Action Plan.

Manageable span of control: Each incident supervisor’s span of responsibility is limited in size. The span of control typically ranges from supervising three to City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
59 EOP Part 1| September 2025
seven people (or resources), depending on the incident type, complexity, nature, and size.

Comprehensive resource management: This concept maximizes resource efficiency, consolidates control of large numbers of single resources, and reduces the communication load.

The resulting ICS organizational structure consists of five primary functions:

Command: Responsible for directing response activities, including:
▪ Developing strategies.
▪ Managing resources.
▪ Planning of overall operations.

Operations: Responsible for coordinating the incident's tactical response and resources and for accomplishing incident-specific objectives.

Planning and intelligence: Responsible for:
▪ Ongoing situation assessment.
▪ Collection, evaluation, dissemination, and use of incident or event information.
▪ Managing incident intelligence, including the status of response efforts and incident resources, to assist in the development of contingency plans.

Logistics: Responsible for providing facilities, services, and materials, including transportation and fuel, shelter, personal hygiene, food, potable water, tools, medical attention and supplies, communications, and relief personnel.

Finance and Administration: Responsible for tracking incident costs and evaluating the financial considerations of the incident..10.

3.11 EOC COORDINATION
The Emergency Operations Center (EOC) has a coordination role in all phases of emergency management.

In the pre-emergency phase, the EOC prepares for a wide range of hazards, threats, and contingencies. The EOC is used for emergency management planning, City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
60 EOP Part 1| September 2025
orientation, training, and exercising. It constantly monitors and gathers information on potential incidents and emergencies that could affect the jurisdiction. It continually tests and evaluates systems, equipment, tools, and technologies.

In the emergency response phase, EOCs and Department Operations Centers (DOC) serve as the central point for jurisdictional or agency coordination and overall emergency management.

The primary Incident Command Post (ICP) to the Emergency Operations Center interface will be from the Incident Commander to the EOC Manager. As the incident expands into sustained operations the interface may occur between Sections and Units in the field to like Sections and Units in the EOC. This coordination is critical to exchanging real-time situation status information and deploying and managing emergency resources.

In the post-emergency or recovery phase, the EOC structure and organization can be used to facilitate and direct the recovery operation.

Communication between DOCs, ICPs, and field units will primarily be through traditional voice and data systems. Once activated, the EOC will utilize the EOC Information Management System to communicate situation and resource status information to DOCs, ICPs, and field units. In certain situations, the EOC may deploy an EOC Liaison to the ICP to further facilitate the ICP-to-EOC interface. Primary communication between the City of Big Bear Lake EOC and the San Bernardino County Operational Area EOC will be through traditional voice and data systems.

Once activated, the EOC will use the WebEOC® system to communicate situation and resource status information and request resources from the San Bernardino Operational Area EOC.

3.12 EOC ACTION PLANS
The primary focus of the EOC Action Plan (AP) should be on the city’s emergency and associated impacts. The plan sets the jurisdiction's overall objectives and may establish the priorities determined by the jurisdictional authority. It can also include mission assignments to departments, provide policy and cost constraints, and consider inter-agency considerations. Properly prepared, the EOC action plan becomes an essential input to developing departmental action plans.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
61 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Action planning at all EOC levels, like the field length of the operational period for the incident, is determined by establishing a set of priority actions, objectives, and a reasonable time frame for accomplishing those actions. Generally, the actions requiring the longest period will define the operational period's length.

Typically, operational periods at the beginning of an emergency are short, sometimes only a few hours. As the emergency progresses, operational periods may be longer but should be at most twenty-four hours. Longer operational periods may be established for sustained operations during such events that may last weeks or months. Operational periods should not be confused with staffing patterns or shift change periods. They may be the same, but they need not be.

The initial EOC action plan may be verbal in the first hour after EOC activation. The EOC Director usually develops the first action plan in consultation with the EOC Command and General Staff. Once the EOC is fully activated, EOC action plans should be written.

EOC action plans should not be complex or create a time-consuming process. The format may vary somewhat within the EOC SEMS levels. The EOC action plan should generally cover the following elements:

1. Summary of the emergency.

2. Listing of management and control or operational objectives to be accomplished (should be measurable).

3. Statement of current priorities related to the objectives.

4. Statement of strategy to achieve the objectives. (Identify if there is more than one way to accomplish the objective and which is preferred).

5. Assignments and actions necessary to implement the strategy.

6. Operational period designation - The time frame necessary to accomplish the actions.

7. Organizational elements to be activated to support the assignments. (Later action plans may list organizational elements that will be deactivated during or at the end of the operational period).

8. Logistic or other technical support required.

9. Communications procedures and internal and external contact information.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
62 EOP Part 1| September 2025

10.A Safety and Health message.

11.Weather conditions and forecast.

The EOC Action Plan (AP) is not meant to replace a field-based Incident Action Plan (IAP), nor is an IAP a replacement for the EOC AP. The EOC AP is strategic while the Field IAP is tactically orientated. The EOC Action Plan should be coordinated with any field Incident Action Plans developed.

3.13 OPERATING CONDITIONS (OPCON)

3.1.10.1. EMERGENCY OPERATING CONDITIONS OVERVIEW

3.13.1 EMERGENCY OPERATING CONDITIONS OVERVIEW
Operating Conditions (OPCON) have been established to provide a general indicator of the level of seriousness of an incident, impending incident, and current or anticipated emergency conditions. OPCONs and related guidance for Lead and Support departments will guide readiness and response actions necessary to handle actual or impending emergencies. OPCONs do not reflect EOC activation levels covered on page 53 of this plan. Operating Conditions are found in Table 3.13.1 below.

Table 3.13.1

OPERATING CONDITIONS
Level Description Associated EOC Activation Level
Green Normal Operations None
Blue Increased Readiness None or Management Watch
Yellow Emergency Operations Level III or Level II
Orange Disaster Operations Level II or Level I
Red Catastrophic Incident
Operations
Level I
City Emergency Operating Conditions
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
63 EOP Part 1| September 2025

3.13.2 EMERGENCY OPERATING CONDITIONS
[GREEN ▲] NORMAL OPERATING CONDITION
Normal operations are underway. Lead and Support departments and agencies are conducting planning, training, and exercise activities in support of their role in the EOP.

First Response Departments are staffed and operate per normal business operations.

Lead and Support departments and agencies should be leaning toward and preparing for the next highest operating condition.

The Normal Operating Condition is not associated with any EOC Activation Level. [BLUE▲] INCREASED READINESS OPERATING CONDITION
Events or conditions involving an actual or potential threat to the safety of people, critical infrastructure, key resources, or property in a threatened area(s) are underway.

Lead and Support departments and agencies are responding to emergency events or taking appropriate increased readiness activities in advance of an impending or potential emergency event. The EOC Situation Unit and Resource Unit may be activated and operational with minimum staffing. The EOC or DOCs (Department Operations Centers) may be activated with selected Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) activated by functional branch.

Lead and Support departments and agencies should be leaning toward and preparing for the next highest operating condition.

The Increased Readiness Operating Condition is associated with either no EOC Activation Level or a Level 3, the lowest EOC activation level. [YELLOW▲] EMERGENCY OPERATING CONDITION
Events are in progress or have already occurred that involve an imminent or actual significant impact on the safety of people, critical infrastructure, key resources, or property in the impacted area(s). The Emergency Operations Center (EOC) is activated and staffed by the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Organization and other tasked departments and agencies. Department Operations Centers (DOCs) are activated as needed. Lead and Support departments and agencies are City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
64 EOP Part 1| September 2025
taking all appropriate response actions, including the curtailment of non-essential operations, and implementing special staffing patterns. This operating status will be maintained until conditions escalate or de-escalate.

Lead and Support departments and agencies should be leaning toward and preparing for the next highest operating condition.

The Emergency Operating Condition is associated with either an EOC Activation Level 3, the lowest EOC activation level, or a Level 2, the middle-level EOC activation.
[ORANGE▲] DISASTER OPERATING CONDITION
Events that continue previously declared operating condition levels are in progress or have occurred and require extraordinary response activities. The EOC is fully activated. Tasked departments, cooperating agencies, non-governmental organizations, and volunteer agencies report to the EOC for 24-hour operations.

Lead and Support departments and agencies will curtail non-essential operations and implement special staffing patterns. Support departments will make available resources necessary to support Lead departments. This operating condition status will be maintained until the threat is over and the emergency is terminated. As imminent danger is reduced, operations will be initiated to return the impacted area(s) to pre-disaster status. All departments should be prepared to implement their Continuity of Government – Continuity of Operations Plans or procedures.

Lead and Support departments and agencies should be leaning toward and preparing for long-term recovery operations.

The Disaster Operating Condition is associated with either an EOC Activation Level 2, the middle level EOC activation, or Level 1, the highest level of EOC activation. [RED▲] CATASTROPHIC OPERATING CONDITION
Events are in progress or have occurred that generate a full and immediate response by all city departments and response organizations. The nature of a catastrophic event will cause a complete or near-complete disruption of city services and operations. Continuity of Government – Continuity of Operations Plans will be fully implemented. Disruption or loss of customary means of emergency communication systems will cause departments and response organizations to operate under communication failure protocols and procedures.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
65 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Communication failure protocols include initiating pre-determined response activities directed at force protection, saving lives, and continuity of critical and essential government functions. The EOC is fully activated, and extensive state and national mutual aid resources will be required to respond and recover from the event(s).

City staff should report to pre-determined disaster assignments. All city departments and functions will be involved in disaster response and recovery activities. Long-term and extensive community recovery will be required.

The Catastrophic Operating Condition is associated with an EOC Activation Level 1, the highest level EOC activation.

3.14 NOTIFICATION AND MOBILIZATION OF FORCES
The following is the process for notifying and mobilizing response forces:

City of Big Bear Lake EOC Team
 By the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Manager or designated alternate. Notification will be made via telephone, email, or email to text.

The City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Manager - Emergency Operations Manager, or designated alternate, is the 24-hour point of contact for initiating emergency notification of city staff. Trained city staff will be notified to fill out the EOC Sections and assist with the EOC activation.

Initial notifications of impending or actual emergencies may come through the National Weather Service, San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department, San Bernardino County Fire Protection District, Big Bear Lake Fire Authority, San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services, or a utility provider.

3.15 INFORMATION COLLECTION, ANALYSIS AND

DISSEMINATION

3.15.1 PURPOSE, PROCESS, AND COLLECTION
Purpose: To enhance the capability of the city to respond to emergency incidents by collecting, evaluating, displaying, and disseminating event information and intelligence.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
66 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Overview: The City of Big Bear Lake serves as the single point of contact for information sharing with City departments, the Operational Area, neighboring jurisdictions, and supporting agencies regarding city-centric and city-located emergencies. The city is not responsible for managing situation information for emergency incidents outside its jurisdiction.

Before EOC activation, the city may receive alert and warning notifications from several sources, such as the CONFIRE Communications Center, the County of San Bernardino Sheriff’s Department, Big Bear Fire Authority, the CA State Warning Center, city Departments, neighboring cities, utility providers, and the National Weather Service.

Upon EOC activation, the EOC Planning & Intelligence Section's primary responsibility is to collect, evaluate, display, and disseminate incident information, including situation and resource status. This EOC Section serves as the primary source for decision-making information and provides overall intelligence support to the other EOC Sections. This Section anticipates and develops plans to address changing situations and events, develops situation forecasts, and gathers and distributes incident information.

Objectives: This Section is responsible for gathering and displaying accurate and current situation and resource status information. The EOC Planning & Intelligence Section ensures that safety and damage assessment information is compiled, assembled, and reported expeditiously to the EOC sections, county EOC, and the Cal OES Regional EOC (REOC). This Section prepares the EOC Action Plan with input from Management Section Staff and Section Chiefs. The Planning & Intelligence Section is also responsible for the detailed recording (Documentation Unit) of the response effort and preserving these records.

The EOC Planning & Intelligence Section will accomplish the following objectives during an EOC activation:
 Collect initial situation and safety and damage assessment information.  Display incident information in the EOC using maps and visual aids.  Prepare and maintain charts and lists that reflect the incident and resource status (personnel, teams, equipment, and vehicles).
 Disseminate intelligence information to the EOC Director, Management Staff, and General Staff.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
67 EOP Part 1| September 2025
 Coordinate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) mapping and documentation of the incident.
 Compile summary safety and damage assessment reports for dissemination to other EOC Sections, county EOC, Cal OES, and FEMA.
 Document damage and estimate financial losses.
 Provide planning and intelligence support to other EOC Sections and Department Operations Centers.
 Prepare the city’s EOC Action Plan.
 Prepare the city’s After-Action/Corrective Action Report after EOC demobilization.
 Initiate post-disaster recovery planning and assist with the transition to a Recovery Organization.
 Maintain complete and accurate documentation of all actions taken, ensure that records are preserved, and submit any closeout reports to the Operational Area, Cal OES, or FEMA.
 Acquire technical experts for special interest topics or particular technical knowledge subjects.
 Provide technical support to the EOC Director for any City Council or Policy Group presentations, community or town hall meetings, or media briefings.

Collection: Information collection is the responsibility of all EOC Sections and EOC Team Responders, though the EOC Planning & Intelligence Section coordinates these efforts. Emergency Incident information collection will primarily occur or originate from these sources:
 Operations Section Branches
o Collecting information from their field forces, department operations centers (DOCs), cooperators and assisting agencies, and dispatch centers.
 Media (TV, radio, print).
 Social Media.
 Field Observers (when assigned by the EOC).
 Damage Assessment and Damage Inspection Teams.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
68 EOP Part 1| September 2025
 County, state, and federal Situation Reports.
 Agency Representatives assigned to the EOC.
 Community-based and neighbor-based groups, such as CERT, Neighborhood Watch, and Neighborhood Associations.
 Partners in preparedness include schools, hospitals, and NGOs.

A critical function of information collection is ensuring that collected information is verified, validated, and vetted.

3.15.2 INFORMATION TOOLS
Tools for collecting incident information include telephone, TV, fax, email, radio, WebEOC®, open-source computer-aided dispatch sites, intranet-based radio broadcast sites, and social media platforms.

The following open-source tools and platforms provide near real-time publicfacing emergency information for the City of Big Bear Lake and immediate area:

Table 3.15.2

WEATHER
National Weather Service
San Diego Weather Forecast Office-Big Bear City Forecast • https://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?CityName=Big+Bear +City&state=CA&site=SGX&textField1=34.2611&textField2=- 116.844&e=0
San Bernardino County Public Works Department
Weather and Rainfall Information
• https://www.sbcounty.gov/dpw/pwg/ALERT_Data/ALERT_Menu.htm Big Bear Mountain Resort
(Snow Summit, Snow Valley, Bear Mountain)
Weather and Conditions
• https://www.bigbearmountainresort.com/mountain-information Bens Weather
Weather and Conditions
• https://www.bensweather.com/
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
69 EOP Part 1| September 2025
KBHR Radio

93.3 and 102.5 FM
KBHR Big Bear News
• https://kbhr933.com/
FIRE
Big Bear Fire Authority
Current Fire Information Dashboard
• https://www.bigbearfire.org/office-of-the-fire-marshal/current-fire-info San Bernardino County Fire Protection District
PulsePoint Incident Dashboard
• https://sbcfire.org/
National Interagency Fire Coordination Center
Southern California Geographic Coordination Center-Fire Activity • https://gacc.nifc.gov/oscc/
National Interagency Fire Coordination Center
InciWeb Fire Incident Dashboard
• https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/

ROADS AND TRAFFIC
San Bernardino County Public Works Department
Road Closures Page
• https://dpw.sbcounty.gov/operations/road-closures/
California Department of Transportation (CalTrans)
Road Conditions
• https://roads.dot.ca.gov/
Quick Map Travel Alerts
• https://quickmap.dot.ca.gov/
Live Traffic Cameras
• https://cwwp2.dot.ca.gov/vm/iframemap.htm
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
70 EOP Part 1| September 2025
California Highway Patrol (CHP)
Traffic Incident Information Page
• https://cad.chp.ca.gov/Traffic.aspx

UTILITIES
City of Big Bear Lake Department of Water & Power
Activity and Outage Information
• https://www.bbldwp.com/
Bear Valley Electric Service
Activity and Outage Information
• https://www.facebook.com/BearValleyElectricServiceInc Southwest Gas
Activity and Outage Information
• https://www.swgas.com/
MEDIA
KBHR 93.3 and 102.5 FM Radio
News, Weather, and Roads Information
• https://kbhr933.com/

CITY WINTER SERVICES & INFORMATION
City of Big Bear Lake
Winter Services & Information
• https://www.citybigbearlake.com/index.php/services-main/bermreduction-program Notes:
1) This table is not an endorsement of any organization, site, or source. 2) Multiple sources should be used when validating emergency information.

3.15.3 DISSEMINATION
Dissemination: Once validated, vetted, refined, and organized, emergency incident information will be disseminated by the EOC Planning & Intelligence Section in several ways and formats, not limited to the following:

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
71 EOP Part 1| September 2025
 EOC Operations Briefings
 EOC Situation Briefings
 EOC Action Plans
 EOC Situation Reports
 To the public via the PIO
 To Assisting and Cooperating Agencies via the EOC Liaison Officer and Agency Representatives
 To elected officials via the Director or Emergency Services, Liaison Officer, or Legislative Liaiso
 To the Operational Area - County of San Bernardino via Situation Reports, Operational Area Reporting Forms, sharing of city EOC Action Plans, and through County emergency management staff assigned to the city or the city EOC
 To Cal OES and FEMA via WebEOC®, CalEOC®, or specific agency or incident forms
WebEOC: San Bernardino County utilizes WebEOC® as the county’s emergency operations communications platform for sharing elements of the crisis. This allows the County to have a common operating picture, situational awareness, and information coordination throughout the Operational Area (OA) during an emergency. OA EOC responders can share real-time information with other agencies within the county and cities/towns, allowing for a coordinated deployment of resources available to emergency managers. The WebEOC® is not a public facing communications platform.

Access to the San Bernardino County WebEOC® system information is in EOP Part 2, on file in the EOC, and with the city's Emergency Operations Manager.

3.16 COMMUNICATIONS
Coordinated with and sourced from the 2018 San Bernardino County Emergency Operations Plan.

3.16.1 ALERT AND WARNING
Alert and warning is the process by which government organizations and the public are notified of the threat of imminent or extraordinary danger. Depending City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
72 EOP Part 1| September 2025
on the nature of the threat and the population at risk, warnings can originate at any level of government. Protection of life and property depends on the timely dissemination of warning and emergency information to the populations in threatened areas.

While the city is responsible for emergency management activities within its boundaries, emergency public alerting and warnings in the city will most often originate from a public safety agency. Public safety agencies may include the San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department, Big Bear Fire Authority, California Highway Patrol, San Bernardino County Fire Protection District, California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, and the U.S. Forest Service.

During emergencies within city boundaries, alert and warning activities will likely be managed by the County of San Bernardino via the County EOC or with the San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department Dispatch Center if the EOC is not activated. The Big Bear Lake Fire Authority also maintains a public alerting system.

The County of San Bernardino is responsible for alerting and warning the unincorporated county areas and county departments. As the Operational Area, it assists the OA jurisdictions with alert and warning of their populations. The San Bernardino County OA warning point is the San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department Dispatch Center, which is collocated at the County/OA EOC. The 24- hour-a-day personnel at the Dispatch Center are responsible for notifying County departments, jurisdiction warning points, and the county and OA emergency management staff.

There are various means and methods by which an alert or warning may be received or distributed by city. They include the following:

GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATIONS AND ALERTS
The city, county, and OA may receive and send notifications of emergencies or conditions via the following methods, systems, or technologies:

CALIFORNIA STATE WARNING CENTER (CSWC)
The California State Warning Center is the official state-level point of contact for emergency notifications. The CSWC maintains contact with Operational Area Warning Points, state agencies, federal agencies, and the National Warning Center. (Source: California State Warning Plan)
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
73 EOP Part 1| September 2025
The Governor's Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) operates the California State Warning Center (CSWC), which is staffed 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. It acts as the official state-level point of contact for emergency notifications. From this center, Warning Center personnel maintain contact with county Warning Points, state agencies, federal agencies, and the National Warning Center in Berryville, Virginia.

Notifications received by the CSWC
Local governments and Operational Areas notify the CSWC of emergencies that affect their community per existing laws and protocols or when state assistance is requested or anticipated. Notifications may occur directly or via the Cal OES Regional Offices. Local Emergency proclamations should be sent to the CSWC to inform the Governor and key state agencies of emergency conditions or when state assistance is requested.
 Earthquake Notifications: The CSWC receives notification of earthquakes from the California Integrated Seismic Network (CISN), the National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC), and the United States Geological Survey (USGS). CISN is a statewide network that provides essential information on California earthquakes, as shown on the CISN Display. The CISN Display is an Internet-based rapid earthquake notification system that receives earthquake information from networks worldwide.  Tsunami Notifications: The CSWC receives tsunami notifications from the Alaska Tsunami Warning Center via the National Weather Service (NWS) and the National Warning Center.
 Weather Notifications: Notification of severe weather is received from the NWS.
 Energy Notifications: The California Independent Systems Operator (California ISO) monitors the California power grid, which consists of a network of long-distance, high-voltage transmission lines and substations that carry bulk electricity to local utilities for distribution to their customers. When the grid cannot meet electrical demands, the California ISO directs utilities to reduce their load and issues emergency notices of energy interruptions. The California ISO contacts the CSWC when the operating reserves reach these critical levels.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
74 EOP Part 1| September 2025
 Hazardous Materials/Oil Spill Release Notifications: Under state law, handlers, any employees, authorized representatives, agents, or designees of handlers shall, upon discovery, immediately report any release or threatened release of hazardous materials to the CSWC.
 Nuclear Power Plant Notifications: The CSWC receives notifications of nuclear power plant events directly from Diablo Canyon, San Onofre, and Rancho Seco power plants. Secondary notifications may be received from the affected county sheriff departments via the California Law Enforcement Telecommunications System (CLETS), California Law Enforcement Radio System (CLERS), and Operational Area Satellite Information System (OASIS).  Communications, Alert, and Warning Systems: The CSWC is responsible for informing, communicating, alerting, and notifying local governments, Operational Areas and state officials, and the Federal Government of natural or human-caused emergencies. To meet this responsibility, the Warning Center is equipped with a number of telephone, data, and radio systems, including the California Warning System (CALWAS), CLETS, NWS Weather Wire, CSWC message switching computer, CISN and Dialogic Automated Notification System, all of which are described in more detail later in this document. Most of these systems are used daily, while others are available in emergencies.
 NAWAS and CALWAS: The CSWC maintains the California Warning System (CALWAS), which is part of the National Warning System (NAWAS). During an emergency, CALWAS communicates with CalEMA Regional Offices and County Warning Points.
 OASIS, CLETS, CLERS, and EAS: The Operational Area Satellite Information System (OASIS), California Law Enforcement Telecommunications System (CLETS), and the California Law Enforcement Radio System (CLERS) are utilized to alert and notify sheriff and police departments and key Emergency Alert System (EAS) stations.
 Radios and Microwave Systems: The State Agencies Radio/Microwave System communicates information to State Agencies and Emergency Operations Centers (EOC).

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
75 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Alerting and Warning State and Local Agencies
Multiple communication channels may be used to maintain constant communication with local, state, and federal communications centers and ensure the state can quickly respond to developing emergencies. The Warning Center provides local and state agencies with a broad range of information, including, but not limited to:
 Local emergencies
 Earthquakes
 Tsunamis (seismic sea waves)
 Floods
 Dam and levee failures
 Major fires
 Hazardous material spills
 Radiological and nuclear incidents
 Radioactive fallout wind data
 Energy emergencies
 Foreign animal disease
 Missing and overdue aircraft or runaway trains
 Terrorism threat
 Precipitation forecasts
 Winter road information
 Major road closures
 Weather watches and warnings
 Severe weather emergencies
 Search and rescue incidents
CSWC Dissemination of Alerts and Warnings
The CSWC is responsible for informing, communicating, alerting, and notifying local government, OAs, state officials, and the federal government of emergencies. CSWC is equipped with a number of telephone, data, and radio City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
76 EOP Part 1| September 2025
systems, including CALWAS, CLETS, and NWS Weather Wire; most of these systems are used daily, while others are available for use in an emergency.  CALWAS: The CSWC maintains the California Warning System (CALWAS) to communicate with Cal OES Regional Offices and County Warning Points during emergencies. CALWAS is part of the National Warning System (NAWAS).
 CLETS: The California Law Enforcement Telecommunications System (CLETS) is a high-speed message-switching system that allows law enforcement and criminal justice agencies to obtain information directly from federal, state, and local computerized information files. The system also provides fast and efficient point-to-point message delivery between agencies.
 CLEMARS: The California Law Enforcement Mutual Aid Radio System provides common police radio frequencies for use statewide by state and local law enforcement agencies during emergencies where inter-agency coordination is required. It operates under appropriate FCC rules and regulations and is administered by the State through Cal OES. Participation in CLEMARS is open to all California law enforcement agencies, which are eligible to operate on radio frequencies authorized by the FCC for Police Radio Service.

A system of priorities governs CLEMARS use:
o Priority 1-Disaster and extreme emergency operations for mutual aid and interagency communications.
o Priority 2-Emergency or urgent operations involving imminent safety of life or the protection of property.
o Priority 3-Special event control activities, such as a planned event involving the participation of two or more agencies.
o Priority 4-Drills, tests, and exercises.

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE (NWS)
The NWS provides warnings for weather, hydrologic, and climate needs for the United States, its territories, adjacent waters, and oceans. The City of Big Bear Lake and the County of San Bernardino receive notifications from the San Diego Forecast Office and Las Vegas Forecast Office, which prepare any necessary City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
77 EOP Part 1| September 2025
warning for San Bernardino County and the Operational Area. The Big Bear Lake area primarily receives weather forecasts from the San Diego NWS Forecast Office. The City of Big Bear Lake is in NWS Zone CA 055.

The National Weather Service transmits continuous weather information for San Bernardino County and the Operational Area on Santa Ana WWG21 162.450 MHz and Victorville WXM66 162.500 Hz. Weather Service severe weather broadcasts are preceded with a 1050 MHz sine wave audio tone that activates weather monitor receivers equipped with decoders. The Weather Service can also access NAWAS to announce severe weather information, which is disseminated to the county warning points using the CALWAS system.

The types of notifications that the NWS issues include the following:
 Watches
o A watch is used when the risk of hazardous weather or hydrologic events has increased significantly, but its occurrence, location, or timing is still uncertain. It is intended to provide enough lead time so those who need to make plans can do so. A watch means that hazardous weather is possible. People should have a plan of action in case a storm threatens and listen for follow-up information and possible warnings, especially when planning travel or outdoor activities.
 Warnings
o A warning is issued when hazardous weather or hydrologic event is imminent or likely. It means weather conditions pose a threat to life or property, and people in the storm's path need to take protective action.
 Advisories
o An advisory is issued when a hazardous weather or hydrologic event is occurring, imminent, or likely. Advisories are for less severe conditions than warnings, events that cause significant inconvenience and, if caution is not exercised, could lead to situations that may threaten life or property.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
78 EOP Part 1| September 2025
 Statements
o Statements also explain why watches, advisories, or warnings have been issued. Four types of statements include: Special Weather Statements - If strong or severe thunderstorms are expected, a statement is issued discussing this outlook (or potential) NOAA National Tsunami Warning Center
Tsunami warnings for California are issued by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Tsunami Warning Center (NTWC) located in Palmer, Alaska. The NTWC monitors a network of seismic and sea level stations, providing the basis for tsunami warnings, advisories, watches, and information statements to the State Warning Center and local coastal communities.

PUBLIC MEDIA
The city's EOC Responders, city departments, and Dispatch Centers have access to and monitor news media outlets. If a news media reports on incidents underway or threats of pending incidents, the City will become aware of those events. Public media outlets may be monitored via live TV broadcasts, social media feeds, RSS feeds, text or email alerts, and the city's PIO staff.

PUBLIC NOTIFICATIONS AND ALERTS
Emergency information warnings, advice, and protective action instructions may be broadcast to the public by one or more means or methods, including:
 City of Big Bear Lake Live Meeting Video Broadcast
o Spectrum Public Access Channel 182
 SBCO Telephone Emergency Notification System (TENS)
 Emergency Alert System (EAS)
 Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA)
 Sig-alerts issued by CHP or local law enforcement
 News media releases
 Social Media posts
 KBHR 93.3 and 102.5 FM Radio
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
79 EOP Part 1| September 2025
All public emergency alerts and notifications issued by the city should be coordinated with the county - operational area.

BIG BEAR FIRE AUTHORITY
Big Bear Fire Authority maintains an emergency text alert notification system that may deliver time-sensitive emergency alerts to residents when there is a threat to their health and safety. This system is called "BBFD Alerts," these notifications provide important information during incidents such as wildland fires, hazardous materials, health emergencies, and more. These messages will include information regarding evacuations, shelter-in-place orders, road closures, and other important details.

There are two types of notifications from “BBFD Alerts” to provide information to our communities:
• Alert - Highest priority notification that is considered the most urgent; and • Advisory - An informational or educational type of notification.

Residents should not rely solely on BBFD Alerts notifications for emergency information. The system should be used in conjunction with other information provided by the media, directions given by first responders, and information posted on official city, county, and government websites and social media.

The BBFD Alert System will work for any device with a phone number that can receive standard text messages, such as cell phones. Registering to join "BBFD Alerts" is free, but keep in mind that text messaging charges may apply, and BBFD is not responsible for any charges that may be incurred as a result of receiving these text alerts.

To subscribe to BBFD Alerts, text the words "opt-in" to (218) 350-0268. You may unsubscribe by texting "opt-out" at any time.

Note: All phone numbers provided to subscribe to the system remain confidential.

SBCO TELEPHONE EMERGENCY NOTIFICATION SYSTEM (TENS)
The County of San Bernardino acquired the TENS to provide rapid emergency notifications to its residents. TENS, also called a Reverse 9-1-1 Public Warning City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
80 EOP Part 1| September 2025
System, is a public warning system that may be used to warn or advise county residents of the potential for fire, flood, or other emergency circumstances in the county.

An emergency may require varied responses, depending on the type of incident, whether it is an act of nature, human-caused, or a technical event. The primary purpose of TENS is to improve notification of people within a geographic area in the event of a life-threatening incident or threat. Notifications may include evacuation notices, shelter-in-place orders, and special instructions for an imminent threat.

The TENS system uses a database of phone numbers and addresses, geocoded with the county’s street network to identify phone numbers in a specific area. The notification system can complete both small and large-scale notifications. The system is a notification option for public safety officials to make timely emergency notices.

Reference: San Bernardino County Operational Area Telephone Emergency Notification System (TENS) ConOps.

The use of any Mass Notification System for emergency activity contains two components:

1. The need to disseminate critical safety-related information to individuals about emergency events occurring now, follow-up information regarding the event, and termination of the emergency.

2. Communicating about an emergency event with public safety, responder staff, and volunteers.

As a general rule, a mass notification system is to be used when the public is being asked to take some protective action (e.g., evacuate, prepare to evacuate, shelter in place, boil tap water before drinking) or being provided information about local disaster assistance centers, other follow-up information, food and water distribution, re-entry to areas after evacuation orders have been lifted, or termination of the emergency because the risk has passed.

Emergency public notifications should be limited to:
 Imminent or perceived threat to life or property.
 Evacuation notices.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
81 EOP Part 1| September 2025
 Shelter-in-place notices.
 Lockdown situations.
 Public health emergencies.
 Public safety emergencies.
 Amber, silver, blue, and yellow alerts by CHP.

Emergency responder notifications should be limited to:
 Contacting first responders to advise of an emergency.  Contacting first responders to report for duty due to an emergency.  Contacting key staff regarding an emergency or crisis.  Contacting agency employees to report at a different time or location (or provide an update) due to an emergency.
 Emergency exercises and training events.

SBSD NIXLE
The San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department (SBSD) - Big Bear Station uses NIXLE to distribute emergency alerts through emails, texts, or phone calls.

SBSD Big Bear Lake NIXLE alerts may be viewed online at https://local.nixle.com/sbsd---big-bear-sheriffs-department/ Residents and visitors may sign up to receive NIXLE alerts at https://local.nixle.com/register/

INTEGRATED PUBLIC ALERT AND WARNING SYSTEM (IPAWS)
In San Bernardino County, the components of IPAWS are accessed through the TENS to launch messages using its component technologies. IPAWS is an internetbased alert and warning capability operated by FEMA.

EMERGENCY ALERT SYSTEM (EAS)
The Emergency Alert System (EAS) is used by alerting authorities to send warnings via broadcast, cable, satellite, and wireline communications pathways. EAS participants, which consist of broadcast, cable, satellite, and wireless providers, are the stewards of this important public service in close partnership with alerting officials at all levels of government. The EAS is also used when all other means of City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
82 EOP Part 1| September 2025
alerting the public are unavailable, providing an added layer of resiliency to the suite of available emergency communication tools.

EAS can be accessed at federal, state, and local levels to transmit essential information to the public. Message priorities under Part 73.922(a) of the FCC's rules are as follows:
 Priority One: Presidential Messages (carried live)
 Priority Two: Operational (Local) Area Programming
 Priority Three: State Programming
 Priority Four: National Programming and News
Presidential messages, national programming, and news will be routed over established network facilities of the broadcast industry. State programming will originate from the state operations center and be transmitted through the state using the California Law Enforcement Radio System (CLERS). Local programming will be transmitted by the Local Primary (LP-1) and (LP-2) stations.

Examples of emergencies that may warrant EAS activation by the broadcast industry include earthquakes, serious fires, heavy rains, and flooding, 9-1-1 system outages, severe industrial accidents, and hazardous material accidents.

The context of any emergency broadcast transmitted on EAS should be of concern to a significant segment of the population in the warned area. The message must be a voice message, it may be prerecorded, and it must be at most two (2) minutes in length.

EAS activation can be authorized by any one of the following parties for the county:
 San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department
 San Bernardino County Fire Protection District
 County of San Bernardino Office of Emergency Services San Bernardino County relies on the stations listed below as its LP-1 EAS station.

The LP-2 backup is located at the San Bernardino County Emergency Operations Center, Miro Way, Rialto facility.

This system uses the facilities and personnel of the broadcast industry on a volunteer basis. The broadcast industry operates EAS according to established and approved EAS plans, standard operating guides, and the rules and regulations City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
83 EOP Part 1| September 2025
of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). FCC rules and regulations require all participating stations with an EAS operating area to broadcast a common program.

The local EAS stations for San Bernardino County are:
 93.3 FM KBHR Big Bear Valley
 95.1 FM KFRG High Desert/Valley
 98.9 FM KHWY High Desert
 102.3 FM KZXY Victor Valley
 107.7 FM KCDZ Yucca Valley/Joshua Tree

WIRELESS EMERGENCY ALERTS (WEA)
With the implementation of IPAWS, the ability to launch Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA) became available to the Operational Area. WEA messages allow brief alert messages (90 characters or less) to be sent to compatible cellular telephones in an impacted area.

These messages alert the user to the type of hazard and give brief instructions.

WEA messages can also alert those in an impacted area to take immediate action and seek additional information. WEA messages are enabled by default on compatible wireless devices and do not require users to subscribe or opt-in to receive them. When a WEA alert message is sent via IPAWS, it is transmitted to cellphone carriers, who then broadcast it from towers in the alert area.

Because these messages are broadcast from cellphone towers, it is impossible to know precisely how many people will be alerted.

Other considerations when assessing the efficacy of launching a WEA include:
 The geography of the area potentially impacts the reception.  Populations within buildings may have limited or no reception.  Potential that devices have been turned off or lost power.  Potential that smaller towers may not have power backup during outages.  Whether a tower has directional or omnidirectional antennas impacts its ability to broadcast a signal across a geography, as well as the tower's signal strength.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
84 EOP Part 1| September 2025
FEMA and Cal OES govern the public alerting authority for WEA with consultation of the Operational Area.

ROUTE ALERTING AND DOOR-TO-DOOR CANVASSING
Route Alerting is a form of alert and notification used frequently in small-scale emergencies or during rapidly evolving situations in a defined area. In route alerting, emergency officials drive or walk through an affected or potentially affected area, alerting residents of the emergency and actions they need to take.

Route Alerting can be conducted door-to-door or via a public address system on a police car or fire engine. Although route alerting is effective when other systems are unavailable, it depends on resource availability and can be a slow process.

Route Alerting is traditionally used in smaller areas such as neighborhoods, apartment complexes, mobile home parks, hotel complexes, and college campuses. Route alerting can be used to supplement other means of alert and warning.

3.16.2 COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE PUBLIC
During all phases of an emergency, considerable effort should be made to keep residents, businesses, and government employees informed of the emergency.

Information may include what they can expect from the city, where and how they can access emergency information, actions they should take, and how to access the resources needed to be self-reliant and advance their recovery.

Public information channels such as social media, hotlines, or in-person visits and meetings may need to be quickly established to field questions, dispel rumors, and provide urgent information. Communication with employees, residents, and businesses that may have been temporarily displaced outside the city will need to be addressed.

The city has a multitude of tools available to assist in the dissemination of public information. These include the city’s website, social media, media releases, press conferences, community meetings, and live meeting broadcasts. The City of Big Bear Lake PIO, EOC PIO, or a designee will coordinate the use of communication mediums to reach the intended audiences during response and recovery. The tools listed below are intended to complement each other in distributing public information. The same message should be distributed across all channels to ensure timely information and clarity due to conflicting information.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
85 EOP Part 1| September 2025

MEDIA OUTLETS
A list of news media outlets for the area is maintained by the city EOC. PIO team members should contact as many news media outlets as possible when disseminating information, paying particular attention to include non-English speaking outlets and any other information delivery vehicles to ensure the greatest number of affected people is informed. Additionally, news media outlets should be encouraged to provide a television crawler and sign language interpreters during press conferences or news media releases. Hence, people with disabilities and those with access and functional needs have every opportunity to receive the broadcast message.

CITY BROADCAST
The City of Big Bear Lake maintains the ability to provide broadcast. Systems and tools to broadcast include:
 City of Big Bear Lake Live Meeting Video Broadcast
o Spectrum Public Access Channel 182
Live and recorded broadcasts can be found here:
https://bigbearlake.12milesout.com/live-video

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS WEBSITES
The San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services website https://oes.sbcounty.gov/ is an informational site for the public and city employees.

During an activation of the Operational EOC, this site serves as a place for news media releases and information to be publicly posted online.

FEMA and Cal OES maintain websites that provide information and resources available to assist businesses and individuals; their addresses are as follows:
 FEMA: http://www.fema.gov and http://www.DisasterAssistance.gov  Cal OES: http://www.caloes.ca.gov
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
86 EOP Part 1| September 2025

NEWS CONFERENCES, PUBLIC FORUMS, AND COMMUNITY MEETINGS News conferences are an integral part of the public information function before (when possible), during, and after an emergency. A well-crafted news conference should identify essential facts to share, such as public resources (e.g., Local Assistance Center(s), 2-1-1, volunteer services, donations). It should also present a focused theme and a synchronized message from participating agencies.

Multiple spokespersons may participate in news conferences, public forums, or community meetings. Sometimes, one spokesperson for all aspects of the incident may be enough, but in most complex incidents, a unified approach with multiple spokespersons is preferred. Consequently, pre-planning meetings before a press conference are vital.

For public meetings, consideration must be given to ensure all resources are available to accommodate the audience being addressed, such as sign-language interpreters, large-print handouts and displays, non-English translation services, maps, visual displays, and news media using in-frame captioning at press conferences held by public officials.

The public looks to its elected officials as sources of information and strength during an emergency and recovery. Officials need to advise people on the status of the response and recovery efforts, the resources available to them, and what the public needs to do to assist in their recovery. The city EOC will work to give these officials the critical information needed to guide the public. EOC PIOs can provide tools or guidance to help elected officials, including the following:
 Preparing talking points and key messages for elected officials to deliver during interviews.
 Anticipating questions elected officials may be asked and prepare appropriate answers (particularly for difficult questions).  Highlighting public response efforts and recovery resources.

SOCIAL MEDIA
The City of Big Bear Lake maintains Twitter http://twitter.com/CityofBBL, Facebook http://facebook.com/citybigbearlake, and Instagram https://www.instagram.com/citybigbearlake/ accounts, which keep the public City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
87 EOP Part 1| September 2025
informed on city business and activities. During emergencies, both social media platforms will be an important source of emergency information.

Social media can also be a powerful tool in information dissemination; however, messages released by the EOC to social media sites should be approved by the City Manager/Director of Emergency Services. Social media platforms the city uses should only contain information approved for news media release, validated, vetted, and posted by authorized social media managers or PIO staff. 2-1-1 SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY
2-1-1 San Bernardino County (Inland SoCal 211+) is a telephone-based service set aside by the Federal Communications Commission for the public’s use in accessing community services 24 hours a day, seven days a week. This need becomes even more significant during and following a disaster. 2-1-1 works closely with the county and OA to provide essential information to San Bernardino County residents during an emergency and maintains close working relationships with the County, San Bernardino County Red Cross, San Bernardino County Human Services, and San Bernardino County Department of Public Health. 2-1-1 is kept informed with the most up-to-date information from county authorities to ensure it can relay and support accurate information to any calls received. 2-1-1 also forwards calls to the County and OA if there are specific requests beyond the scope of services, such as people with disabilities and those with access and functional needs requests and volunteer and donation offers. 2-1-1 San Bernardino County is supported by the Inland SoCal United Way. 2-1-1 San Bernardino County may also be reached at 833-372-2372.

NON-GOVERNMENTAL, NON-PROFIT, VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS
Non‐government, non‐profit, and voluntary organizations have a significant role in public information within the city and the OA. Organizations will look for up-todate information, and citizens will turn to their familiar community organizations as a source of information. Accurate, timely, and approved information developed by the PIOs must be disseminated to local organizations and residents. PIOs will work with all information personnel, including organization liaisons, to communicate the most accurate and up‐to‐date information. The City of Big Bear Lake and the County of San Bernardino work closely with the San Bernardino County Volunteers Active in Disasters (VOAD) organization.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
88 EOP Part 1| September 2025

3.16.3 COMMUNICATING WITH CITY DEPARTMENTS AND

OPERATIONAL AREA JURISDICTIONS
The city EOC has access to a variety of voice, data, and combined voice and data systems to ensure uninterrupted communications among city departments, OA jurisdictions, and supporting organizations.

TELEPHONES
The city maintains a land-based telephone system for regular city business and emergencies.

CELLULAR PHONES
The city maintains a cellular-based telephone system used daily for regular city business and emergencies.

RADIOS
The city maintains a radio system that supports the Public Works Department.

Public Works radios are located at the Public Works Department Corporate Yard, 42040 Garstin Drive, and in public works operations vehicles. The public works radio system is digital and encrypted.

SATELLITE PHONE
The city does not maintain satellite telephones.

RADIO AMATEUR CIVIL EMERGENCY SERVICE (RACES)
RACES may be accessed through the San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services as the Emergency Communications Services (ECS). RACES consists of volunteer amateur radio (ham radio) operators who assist with emergency communications during disasters and other emergencies. This group provides auxiliary communication for all response agencies and other departments. The county maintains a cadre of RACES volunteers and radio base stations to ensure communication between the EOC and various locations. Individual operators may have their base stations that can also be dispatched at the discretion of the county/OA EOC. Emergency information can be communicated through RACES operators to any location where an operator is dispatched (e.g., local EOCs, City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
89 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Incident Command Posts, shelters, staging areas, etc.). A ham radio operator may communicate emergency information of any sort. While operating in a RACES capacity, RACES stations and amateurs registered in the local RACES organization may not communicate with amateurs not operating in a RACES capacity.

WEBEOC®
San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services and the San Bernardino County Operational Area use WebEOC® as their crisis information management system, which allows for real-time information sharing and primary EOC-to-EOC communication during a disaster.

WebEOC® is a software program for electronically sharing disaster information within the county/OA EOC, county departments, OA jurisdictions, and supporting agencies. WebEOC® is accessed through the internet by authorized users.

The system is used for, but not limited to:
 Maintaining individual activity logs by each position in the EOC.  Monitoring and posting significant events taking place in the OA.  Providing and sharing situational status information from County departments, OA jurisdictions, and supporting agencies involved in the response, with display capabilities within the EOC.
 Monitoring who is supporting the response.
 Providing status information on operational shelters (e.g., location, capacity, accessibility, significant events, and other special considerations).  Coordinating resource requests using WebEOC® Resource Manager.

EMAIL
Email is the redundant method of communication between the city and city departments, county/OA EOC, and OA jurisdictions and supporting. Like cellular telephones, if other primary means of data or voice communications fail, email should be considered a backup. Before using email, however, personnel should confirm that the intended recipient(s) can access and check their email.

Confidential information should only be sent over email if confirmation exists that the intended recipient is receiving the messages. The county has email accounts for use specifically during county/OA EOC activations. These accounts are identified in EOP Part 2-EOC Operations.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
90 EOP Part 1| September 2025
REDDINET®
ReddiNet is an emergency medical communications system that uses radio, telephone, and the internet to transmit messages between hospitals, dispatch centers, EOCs, and public health officials. ReddiNet is used in the following California counties: Alameda, Contra Costa, El Dorado, Imperial, Inyo, Kern, Los Angeles, Marin, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Orange, Riverside, San Benito, San Bernardino, San Francisco, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz, Solano, Ventura, and Yolo.

ReddiNet provides capabilities for managing mass casualty incidents, assessing available healthcare system resources, participating in syndromic surveillance, communicating hospital diversion status, and sending secure messages to multiple network facilities. It is used to produce Diversion History Reports, Assessment History Reports, MCI Reports, Bed Availability Reports, and Bed Census Reports in near real-time (depending on the frequency of census requests).

ReddiNet service is available at the San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department Dispatch Center and the CONFIRE Emergency Communications Center. The data component is viewable from any authorized Dispatch Center.

3.17 EMERGENCY SITUATION TERMINOLOGY
Emergency Situation Terminology:

For the purpose of emergency management, the city will use the same emergency situation terminology used by state and federal agencies and consistent with NIMS.

3.17.1 NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE WARNING SYSTEM

WEATHER (NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE)
(1) Advisory
(2) Watch
(3) Warning
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
91 EOP Part 1| September 2025

DEFINITIONS
Advisory - Issued for weather hazards that do not meet Warning criteria within a designated advisory area. Advisories are generally issued for large geographical areas over an extended period.

An advisory is issued when severe conditions exist that cause significant inconvenience but do not meet warning criteria, and if caution is not exercised, it could lead to life-threatening situations. Advisories are issued for significant events that are occurring, are imminent, or have a high probability of occurrence.

Advisories may lead to a watch or warning.

Watch - Severe weather is possible within a designated watch area. A watch is issued well in advance when conditions are favorable for a weather event that can threaten life and property in the watch area. A watch recommends planning, preparation, and increased awareness (i.e., being alert for changing weather, listening for further information, and thinking about what to do if the danger materializes).

Warning - Severe weather has been reported or is imminent within a designated warning area. Warnings are generally issued for smaller geographical areas over a shorter and more definite period.

A warning is issued when a weather event that can threaten life and property is imminent or already occurring in the warned area. It indicates the need to take immediate action to protect life and property. The type of hazard is reflected in the type of warning (e.g., a tornado warning or excessive heat warning). The Emergency Alert System (EAS) is activated for short-fused warnings, such as a severe thunderstorm warning.

3.17.2 DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY NUCLEAR WARNING SYSTEM

FIXED NUCLEAR FACILITY (DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY)
(1) Unusual Event
(2) Alert
(3) Site Area Emergency
(4) General Emergency
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
92 EOP Part 1| September 2025
Nuclear power plant emergencies are classified into four categories, as described below. The nearest nuclear power plant to the City of Big Bear Lake is the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS), which has been decommissioned.

An unusual event is an event that is in process or has occurred and indicates a potential degradation of the plant's level of safety or a security threat to facility protection. No releases of radioactive material requiring offsite response or monitoring are expected unless further degradation of safety systems occurs.

The Alert classification is characterized by an event that is in process or has occurred and involves an actual or potential substantial degradation of the plant's safety level. It is also a security event that involves probable life-threatening risk to site personnel or damage to site equipment because of intentional malicious dedicated efforts of a hostile act. Any releases are expected to be limited to small fractions of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Protective Action Guideline exposure levels.

A Site Area Emergency is characterized by an event that is in process or has occurred, which involves actual or likely major failures of plant functions needed for protection of the public or a security event that results in intentional damage or malicious act: (1) toward site personnel or equipment that could lead to the likely failure of or (2) that prevents effective access to equipment needed for the protection of the public. Any releases are not expected to result in exposure levels that exceed EPA Protective Action Guideline exposure levels beyond the site boundary.

A General Emergency classification is characterized by an event that is in process or has occurred which involves actual or imminent substantial core degradation or melting with potential for loss of containment integrity or a security event that results in an actual loss of physical control of the facility. Releases can be reasonably expected to exceed EPA Protective Action Guideline exposure levels offsite for more than the immediate site area.

3.17.3 NATIONAL TERRORISM ADVISORY SYSTEM (NTAS)
In 2011, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) replaced the color-coded alerts of the Homeland Security Advisory System (HSAS) with the National Terrorism Advisory System (NTAS), designed to communicate information more effectively about terrorist threats by providing timely, detailed information to the American public.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
93 EOP Part 1| September 2025
National Terrorism Advisories (Bulletins and Alerts) contain actionable information about an incident involving, or a threat targeting, critical national networks, infrastructures, or key assets.

Types of Advisories:
 Homeland Security Information Bulletins describe current developments or general trends regarding threats of terrorism.
 Elevated Alert warns of a credible terrorism threat against the United States.
 Imminent Alert warns of a credible, specific, and impending terrorism threat against the United States.

3.18 SPECIAL NEEDS POPULATIONS

3.18.1 ACCESS AND FUNCTIONAL NEEDS POPULATIONS
According to the US Census Bureau statistics, there are 377 people in the City of Big Bear Lake under the age of 65 who identify as having a disability. This number represents 7.5% of the total population of the City of Big Bear Lake based on 2022 census data. The number of individuals with disabilities will likely increase as the city's overall population grows. The city's population of older adults is also increasing. According to the US Census Bureau statistics, there are 996 people 65 years and older in the City of Big Bear Lake. This number represents 19.8% of the total population of the City of Big Bear Lake, based on 2022 census data.

Populations with access and functional needs include those community members who may have additional requirements before, during, and after an emergency incident in functional areas, including but not limited to maintaining independence, communication, transportation, supervision, language, and medical care.

Individuals who may need additional response assistance include those who:
▪ Have disabilities.
▪ Live in institutionalized settings.
▪ Are elderly.
▪ Are children.
▪ Are from diverse cultures.
▪ Have limited English proficiency or are non-English speaking.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
94 EOP Part 1| September 2025
▪ Are transportation disadvantaged.

Lessons learned from past emergencies concerning people with disabilities and older adults have shown that the existing paradigm of emergency planning, implementation, and response must change to meet the needs of these groups during an emergency. These lessons show four areas that are often identified as most important to people with disabilities and older adults:

Communications and Public Information - Emergency notification systems must be accessible to ensure effective communication for people who are deaf/hard of hearing, blind/low vision, or deaf/blind.

Evacuation and Transportation - Evacuation planning must incorporate disability and older adult transportation providers to identify and move people with mobility impairments and those with transportation disadvantages.

Sheltering - Care and shelter planning must address the access and functional needs of people with disabilities and older adults to allow for sheltering in general-population shelters.

Americans with Disabilities Act - When disaster shelter facilities are activated, the City of Big Bear Lake will work with the American Red Cross and other emergency officials to ensure they accommodate the provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).

EOP PROVISIONS
The various parts of the Emergency Operations (EOP) and associated policies or procedures have provisions to ensure that emergency notification systems, evacuation, transportation procedures, and sheltering operations allow for accommodating persons with access and functional needs.

3.18.2 AT-RISK POPULATIONS
Another perspective is to consider the needs of people not in contact with traditional emergency service providers. These people may need help to access and use the standard resources typically offered in preparedness, response, and recovery phase and activities comfortably or safely. These populations may include, but are not limited to, individuals who are:
▪ Homeless
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
95 EOP Part 1| September 2025
▪ Without radio or television
▪ Without access to telephones
▪ Visiting or temporarily residing in an impacted area
▪ Not familiar with available emergency response and recovery resources ▪ Geographically or culturally isolated
The City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Plan (EOP), Parts 1-5 collectively, includes provisions in its guidelines and procedures that address the specific needs of these individuals during response and recovery. All or parts of EOP Parts 1-5may be under development and not fully completed at the time of adoption of this plan.

3.19 ADA/DAFN/CULTURAL COMPETENCE
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Disabilities and Access, and Functional Needs (DAFN)

3.19.1 AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT COMPLIANCE
The City of Big Bear Lake, valuing its diverse population and attending to community needs, strives to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). This need became evident after significant challenges surfaced following the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake and the 1994 Northridge earthquake. The city will ensure that disaster planning, response, and recovery consider the populations highlighted in the ADA.

After disaster strikes, a response to at-risk populations will be initiated without prejudice. However, many opportunities for exclusion may surface when providing disabled persons with critical needs such as shelter and essential recovery information. The City of Big Bear Lake will rely on and coordinate with the American Red Cross to assist. According to the 1996 Statement of Operational Relationship between the CA Department of Social Services and the American Red Cross, the Red Cross will make every effort possible to select shelter sites that are accessible for citizens with disabilities and work to include compensatory equipment in their shelter design. Furthermore, the American Red Cross will provide disabled shelter residents with appropriate literature, and through their human relations liaisons, they will ensure their clients' needs are being met per the ADA. The City of Big Bear Lake will continue to work closely with the American Red Cross, San Bernardino County Department of Aging and Adult Services, and the San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services to ensure that other City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
96 EOP Part 1| September 2025
response and recovery needs, such as food, transportation, and communication, are appropriately addressed.

Activities under this section will be overseen by the Director of Emergency Services and coordinated by the appropriate EOC Section and Branch, depending upon the activity. (e.g., Evacuation, Mass Care & Sheltering, Logistics-Facilities Management). The Building & Safety Department coordinates ADA/AFN matters during steady state times. During an EOC activation, the city will appoint an ADA/DAFN Coordinator to provide expertise and guidance on ADA matters if needed.

3.19.2 DISABILITIES AND ACCESS AND FUNCTIONAL NEEDS
Emergency preparedness and response programs must be made accessible to people with disabilities and access to functional needs (DAFN). The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) requires so. Disabilities may include, but not be limited to, mobility, vision, hearing, cognitive disorders, mental illnesses, and language barriers.

Included in the city’s perpetual planning efforts for those with disabilities are:
 Notification and warning procedures.
 Evacuation considerations.
 Emergency transportation issues.
 Sheltering requirements.
 Accessibility to medications, refrigeration, and backup power.  Accessibility to mobility devices or service animals while in transit or at a shelter.
 Accessibility to information and translation services.

3.19.3 ADA/DAFN CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS

PRE-RESPONSE ACTIONS
These items represent ongoing roles and responsibilities for the city:
 Develop a general understanding of the City of Big Bear Lake DAFN populations, their distribution throughout the city, and their general needs.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
97 EOP Part 1| September 2025
 Work with city PIO to ensure methods used for alert and warning are accessible to persons with hearing, speech, and vision disabilities and non‐English speaking persons.
 Work with the EOC Logistics Section (Transportation) to ensure plans are in place with public and private providers of accessible transportation to assist with the evacuation of persons with disabilities, access, and functional needs, including identification of a mechanism to track medical equipment when life safety requires separation of the equipment from the owner during evacuation.
 Assist the PIO in developing preparedness, pre-scripted emergency messages, and associated communication methods appropriate for the access and functional needs community.
 Review potential shelter sites for compliance with ADA requirements, such as access and signage, in coordination with the Care and Shelter Branch and the American Red Cross (ARC).
 Identify shelters with backup power or emergency generators for disabled people who need electricity for battery‐powered wheelchairs, respirators, and other medical devices.
 Identify emergency sources for durable medical equipment (e.g., wheelchairs, walkers, and canes), personal hygiene supplies, and skilled staff (e.g., translators, health aids, and medical personnel).  Develop procedures for assessing persons and facilities for medications, durable medical equipment, and health care (including equipment repair) needs. Nursing organizations such as home nursing associations and the Cal OES FAST (Functional Assessment Service Team) can help.  Develop procedures for accommodating service and companion animals in shelters.

The City of Big Bear Lake Building and Safety Department coordinates ADA matters during steady state times.

The city will appoint an ADA/DAFN Coordinator to provide expertise and guidance on ADA matters during times of EOC activation if needed.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
98 EOP Part 1| September 2025

RESPONSE ACTIONS
The DAFN Coordinator leads the DAFN activities in the Care and Shelter Branch of the Operations Section in the city EOC. Since DAFN considerations are included in many aspects of emergency response, the DAFN Coordinator may coordinate with many city EOC representatives and external support agencies. The DAFN Coordinator is responsible for ensuring that DAFN are planned for and have the same services as the rest of the impacted community. In working with city EOC functions, city departments, and county agencies, coordination will take place on a variety of city and county levels including, but not limited to:
 Aging and Adult Services - Work to address the needs of DAFN in all aspects of the emergency response.
 Public Health - Work to address DAFN's needs throughout emergency operations, especially those involving public health threats.  Public Information Officer - Work to provide approved messages accessible to all sectors within the DAFN population, including the hearing and sight impaired and those who require messages in a different language.  Mass Care and Shelter - Work to accommodate DAFN in the shelter locations, ensuring that medical and health services are available, including access to medications, medical supplies, counseling, and translation services.
 Behavioral Health - To identify and address the needs of those with specific mental health issues and who are part of the Disabilities, Access, and Functional Needs population.
 Animal Services - Work to address the needs of service animals serving the DAFN population’s evacuees. (Service animals are allowed in general population shelters and will be accommodated through coordination with the Care and Shelter Branch.)
 Logistics Section ‐ Transportation - Work to address the transportation needs of the DAFN community, including the use of paratransit companies, vehicles, and equipment. The Transportation Coordinator and the DAFN Coordinator will work closely during evacuation operations.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
99 EOP Part 1| September 2025
 Logistics Section ‐ Supply and Acquisition - Work to coordinate the procurement and purchasing of DAFN equipment and supplies. Much effort may be needed on DAFN transportation and care and shelter operations.  Volunteer and NGO Service Representatives ‐ Work with volunteer and NGO representatives and their organizations to address the needs of the impacted DAFN community.

Note: The San Bernardino Office of Emergency Services maintains a Mass Care and Sheltering Plan with DAFN guidance. The California Office of Emergency Services maintains a FAST (Functional Assessment Service Team) as technical advisors and operations-based support for DAFN considerations. The Functional Assessment Service Team (FAST) assists individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs (AFN) in general population shelter settings.

FAST members are deployed when a request is made to the Emergency Operation Center (EOC) and stay until services are no longer needed.

Preparedness information on DAFN may be found here:
 https://hss.sbcounty.gov/daas/Disaster_Emergency.aspx FAST information may be found here:
 https://www.caloes.ca.gov/office-of-the-director/policyadministration/access-functional-needs/sheltering/

POST-INCIDENT RESPONSE ACTIONS
Post‐incident response actions will include initial damage assessment and continuing services for the disaster-impacted population with disabilities, access, and functional needs. Many of the services provided in the response phase must continue into the recovery phase. Organizations that provided DAFN services during the response phase may need to implement continuity plans to continue services into the recovery phase.

City recovery planning, post-disaster planning, and public information efforts should consider the following:
 Households with children should understand the school’s emergency plan and how the school will keep children safe if adults from the household need shelter in other locations.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
100
EOP Part 1| September 2025
 Individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing should ensure they can receive emergency alerts and warnings in an accessible form.
 Individuals who require accessible transportation should work with their local paratransit and disability service providers to make an emergency plan.
 People who speak languages other than English may need to identify sources of alerts, warnings, and information about community plans in other languages.
 People without vehicles should know local public transportation plans and arrange for emergency transportation from transit agencies, service organizations, family, friends, neighbors, or others.
 Households with infants should plan for food and supplies for infants and nursing mothers.
 People with special dietary needs should have adequate emergency food supply to meet their needs.
 People who take medications should maintain an adequate supply and copies of their prescriptions.
 People with service animals should understand community care and shelter plans to ensure their service animals will be admitted to general population shelters with them during emergencies (as required by law). They should ensure their emergency kit supplies include food and other items for their service animal.
 People who require power for medical or other assistive devices should consider how they will maintain the use of these devices if there is a loss of power. Keep extra batteries for small devices (hearing aids, cell phones, for example) and consider obtaining and learning how to use a generator for home use and carrying a charger when away from home, especially when loss of power may jeopardize health or safety.

ACTIVITIES COORDINATION
Activities under this section will be overseen by the Director of Emergency Services/EOC Director and coordinated by the appropriate EOC Section and Branch, depending on the activity (e.g., Evacuation, Mass Care & Sheltering, or Logistics-Facilities Management).

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
101
EOP Part 1| September 2025
The City of Big Bear Lake Building and Safety Department coordinates ADA matters during steady state times.

The city will appoint an ADA/DAFN Coordinator to provide expertise and guidance on ADA matters during times of EOC activation if needed.

AB 2311 AND AB 477
California Assembly Bill 2311 and Assembly Bill 477, Access and Functional Needs, have been considered in crafting the EOP and subsequent updates and revisions.

Considerations on how the population with AFN is served may include the following:

1. "Emergency communications, including integrating interpreters, translators, and assistive technology.

2. Emergency evacuation, including the identification of transportation resources and resources that are compliant with the federal Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 USC Sec. 12101 et seq.) for individuals who are dependent on public transportation.

3. Emergency sheltering, including ensuring that designated shelters are compliant with the federal Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 USC Sec. 12101 et seq.) or can be made compliant through modification and that showers and bathrooms are fully accessible to all occupants (Gov.

Code, § 8593.3, subd. (a)(1), (2) & (3)."

3.19.4 CULTURAL COMPETENCE
Cultural competence is generally considered the ability of an individual or entity to understand and respect values, attitudes, beliefs, and mores that differ across cultures and to consider and respond appropriately to these differences. This general definition applies to a jurisdiction or community preparedness, response, and recovery from a disaster.

When disaster strikes a community, it sometimes disproportionately affects people of various cultural backgrounds. Cultural competence will help emergency planners, responders, and leadership reduce this disparity.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
102
EOP Part 1| September 2025
During the preparedness phase and response activities coordinated by the EOC, cultural considerations to be addressed include, though are not limited to:
 Race
 Ethnicity
 Age
 Sex
 Sexual orientation
 Educational background
 Financial standing
 Professional Standing
 Disabilities
 Health
 Religious background or affiliation
 Primary language spoken
EOC responders and emergency support organizations should maintain a continuous compendium of respect, communication, understanding, and engagement in caring for those diverse populations affected by an emergency or disaster. These same considerations apply to the various individuals and organizations responding to or supporting emergency response operations.

Being and remaining culturally competent as responders and as an organization will be central to all prevention, preparedness, planning, response, recovery, and mitigation activities and efforts.

SB 160
California Senate Bill 160, Cultural Competence, has been considered in crafting the EOP and subsequent updates and revisions.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
103
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Considerations on how the culturally diverse communities is served may include the following:

1. Emergency communications, including the integration of interpreters and translators.

2. Emergency evacuation and sheltering.

3. Emergency mitigation and prevention.

4. Emergency planning, including drawing on community-based values and customs and incorporating qualified representatives from diverse population groups in the community during the preparedness process.

5. Emergency preparedness, including the use of culturally appropriate resources and outreach techniques to educate and prepare community members for emergencies or disasters (Gov. Code, § 8593.3.5, subd. (a)(1), (2), (3), (4) & (5)).”

3.20 DISASTER ANIMAL CARE CONSIDERATIONS
CA Assembly Bill 781, Accessibility to emergency information and services, emergency shelters, and persons with pets, provides for the accommodation of pets at certain emergency facilities. AB 781 was signed into law on October 7, 2023, and added as Section 8593.10 of the California Government Code.

This bill requires a county to update its emergency plan to designate emergency shelters that accommodate persons with pets. It requires a city that has previously adopted an emergency plan designating emergency shelters to update its emergency plan to designate emergency shelters able to accommodate persons with pets. Upon the next update to a city or county's emergency plan, this bill further requires that whenever a city or county designates any number of emergency shelters, it also designates at least one emergency shelter that can accommodate persons with pets. This bill requires, upon the next update to a city or county’s emergency plan, whenever a city or county designates any number of cooling centers or warming centers, that it also, to the extent practicable, designate at least one cooling center or warming center, as applicable, that can accommodate persons with pets. The bill requires an emergency shelter designated as able to accommodate persons with pets to comply with safety procedures regarding the sheltering of pets referenced or established in the component of the state and local emergency plan and applicable disaster City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
104
EOP Part 1| September 2025
assistance policies and procedures of the Federal Emergency Management Agency.

This bill also requires a city or county to include whether the cooling or warming center can accommodate pets whenever a city or county provides public information regarding the availability of a cooling center or warming center. This bill would require a city or county to make available to the public by posting on its internet website information for pet emergency preparedness, including, but not limited to, among other things, information for creating an evacuation plan and emergency checklist for pets consistent with recommendations publicly published by Department of Food and Agriculture and the Federal Emergency Management Agency.

The City of Big Bear Lake has not designated any disaster shelters, cooling centers, or warming centers when this plan was adopted. The City of Big Bear Lake EOC will work closely with the American Red Cross and the San Bernardino County Animal Care Division - Department of Public Health in any subsequent designation and activation of disaster shelters.

The PETS Act (Pets Evacuation and Transportation Standards Act of 2006) directs state and local emergency preparedness plans to address the needs of people with pets and service animals after a major disaster, including the rescue, care, and sheltering of animals. The needs of animals during a disaster have been incorporated into this base plan. They will be considered as additional "parts" are developed or revised, especially in emergency transportation, care, and shelter activities.

The City of Big Bear Lake EOC will work closely with the San Bernardino County Animal Care Division - Department of Public Health during EOC activations in the preparedness and pre-event planning phases and the response phase.

3.21 RECOVERY OPERATIONS

3.21.1 RECOVERY OVERVIEW
Recovery overview: The recovery phase of an emergency or disaster is focused on restoring a community to its pre-disaster condition and establishing a state of normalcy. The specific approach to recovery operations following a disaster will depend on the incident's location, type, magnitude, and effects.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
105
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Transition to recovery: While the immediate lifesaving activities are occurring, emergency managers are simultaneously assessing how soon the response phase can transition to recovery. Response phase operations will gradually shift to assisting individuals, households, businesses, and non-governmental organizations in meeting basic human needs and returning impacted people to self-sufficiency.

Short-term recovery: Short-term recovery operations begin concurrently with or shortly after the commencement of response operations. Although referred to as “short-term” recovery, these activities may last for weeks. Short-term recovery includes actions required to:
▪ Stabilize the situation.
▪ Restore services.
▪ Implement critical infrastructure recovery plans to maintain operations during emergencies and the recovery phase.
▪ Commence the planning for the restoration of the community, including economic functions.

Mid-term recovery: In the days and weeks following a disaster event, recovery activities will focus on restoring community lifelines and services, access to food and fuel, and the transitioning of mass care operations into transitional assistance activities. Mid-term recovery activities focus on the following priorities. ▪ Survivor care includes housing, medical, emotional, behavioral, legal, and financial support.
▪ Survivor reunification to reunite displaced persons with family networks. ▪ Restoring community lifelines, including safety and security; food, water, and shelter; health and medical; energy (power & fuel); communication, transportation, and hazardous materials.
▪ Debris management on public and private property.
▪ Damage and safety inspection of homes, businesses, schools, and infrastructure.

Long-term recovery: Long-term recovery continues the mid-term recovery actions but focuses on community restoration. Long-term recovery may continue for months or years, depending on the severity and extent of the damage sustained.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
106
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Given the inevitable changes resulting from a major disaster, these activities include those necessary to restore a community to normalcy. Long-term recovery activities require significant planning to maximize opportunities and mitigate risks after a major incident and may include the following:
▪ Reconstruction of facilities and infrastructure, including the technology systems and services necessary to restore all operations functions. ▪ Community planning, including the development of long-term housing plans.
▪ Implementation of waivers, zoning changes, and other land use legislation to promote recovery.
▪ Assistance to displaced families includes financial support and social and health services.
▪ Restoration of the local economic system.
▪ Integration of mitigation strategies into recovery efforts. ▪ Documentation of eligible disaster-related costs for reimbursement through.

3.21.2 RECOVERY ORGANIZATION
Individuals and households: Individuals and households will try to stabilize their circumstances by seeking adequate shelter, assessing damage to their property, resuming work and other regular activities, applying for federal assistance, and obtaining insurance proceeds.

The private sector: The private sector engages in activities necessary to resume business operations, including assessing damage, implementing continuity of business plans, caring for employees, shifting operations to temporary facilities or other locations, applying for federal assistance, and obtaining insurance proceeds.

In coordination with the City and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), businesses may also play a key role in donating goods and services for community recovery.

Non-government organizations: NGOs and community-based organizations, such as the American Red Cross and the Salvation Army, will support individuals and households displaced by a disaster and work with governmental organizations to support the transition from care and shelter operations to interim housing arrangements. Community organizations that are active before a disaster may City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
107
EOP Part 1| September 2025
expand their services to meet increased needs. Such groups include churches, neighborhood health clinics, and food distribution agencies. NGOs and community-based organizations may provide a wide range of services such as donations management, emergency food, clothing, shelter, and housing reconstruction support. They may provide these services independently or in coordination with federal, state, and local efforts.

Local government actions: Local governments, including counties and cities, organize recovery operations according to their priorities and business mechanisms. These organizations may work with neighboring jurisdictions to share resources or address common problems. Regional entities may also play a role in setting priorities and obtaining resources for recovery within their respective areas of authority.

These organizations, particularly the City of Big Bear Lake, may undertake the following actions to stimulate recovery within their respective communities:
▪ Conduct damage and safety assessment.
▪ Assess the housing situation, identify potential solutions, and request support.
▪ Assess damage to public facilities and initiate repairs. ▪ Assess damage to private property and issue permits for repairs and demolition.
▪ Remove debris.
▪ Open transportation routes.
▪ Restore services such as power, water, sewer, and transportation. ▪ Activate Local Assistance Centers to assist individuals and households. ▪ Document disaster-related costs for reimbursement through state and federal grant programs.
▪ Work with states and federal officials to assess damage, identify needs, and secure financial assistance.
▪ Resume governmental functions. Begin planning for sustained long-term community recovery.
▪ Enact appropriate zoning variances to accommodate business and commercial repairs.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
108
EOP Part 1| September 2025
▪ Assist with the identification of temporary housing and business space.

City of Big Bear Lake EOC: Both short-term and long-term recovery activities will be coordinated by the city EOC. Certain recovery efforts and functions may be carried out in other facilities, including Department Operations Centers and Local Assistance Centers. The recovery organization will include functions added to the existing EOC response organization.

State government actions: When a State of Emergency is proclaimed in the impacted counties, the California Office of Emergency Services (CalOES) will lead California's recovery operations and coordinate assistance provided by other state agencies and the federal government. When federal assistance is required, CalOES will work with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and other federal agencies to ensure the effective delivery of services.

State Coordinating Officer: The Governor appoints a State Coordinating Officer (SCO) to coordinate the state’s requests for federal assistance.

Federal Coordinating Officer: In accordance with the Stafford Act, the President appoints a Federal Coordinating Officer (FCO) to manage federal operations and coordinate recovery programs.

Local Assistance Centers: A Local Assistance Center (LAC), which provides social services and financial support to individuals, businesses, and non-governmental organizations, may be established where services for disaster survivors can be centralized. LACs are staffed with representatives of local, state, and nongovernmental agencies (NGOs) and provide a convenient “one-stop shop” for disaster survivors who can access recovery assistance and referrals to other programs and assistance that may not be represented. LACs may also host representatives of organizations that provide different services, such as the U.S.

Postal Service, building officials, utilities, non-governmental organizations, school districts, and property tax officials who can help survivors begin the recovery process. Federal agencies may also assign representatives to provide information regarding federal disaster assistance programs. A LAC will be established as close to the affected neighborhood or community as possible, as it is safe and practical.

FEMA Disaster Recovery Centers: FEMA may establish Disaster Recovery Centers (DRCs) to centralize public outreach operations for federal agencies and their respective assistance programs and to supplement LAC operations. California City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
109
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES), Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and the local jurisdiction(s) coordinate the locations of LACs and DRCs to best meet the needs of the communities affected by the disaster.

FEMA-State transition to the Joint Field Office: As resources and conditions allow, Cal OES and FEMA may establish a Joint Field Office (JFO) to manage and coordinate recovery operations. Generally, all Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) that support federal response and recovery efforts operate from the JFO once it is activated. Cal OES and other state agencies deploy staff to the JFO to ensure effective coordination with federal counterparts as part of the joint statefederal operation.

FEMA-State JFO operations: State and federal officials will coordinate directly with other state agencies, other states, and FEMA to provide recovery resources requested by local governments. Under the direction of the SCO, Cal OES will implement Stafford Act assistance programs with FEMA and coordinate the implementation of long-term recovery operations.

Cal OES is responsible for:
▪ Requesting federal assistance.
▪ Setting priorities for federal assistance in conjunction with local government requirements.
▪ Ensuring effective implementation of assistance programs. ▪ Managing grants under the Public Assistance Program.
▪ Coordinating with state agencies that are responsible for managing grant programs.

State agency assistance: Other state agencies may support local governments under their respective authorities or other state or federal recovery programs.

These state agencies coordinate their activities with Cal OES but may direct operations from their Department Operations Centers.

3.21.3 RECOVERY DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
Recovery Damage Assessment serves several distinct, though interdependent purposes. As such, the damage assessment process occurs in steps that run concurrently.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
110
EOP Part 1| September 2025
The first step involves a rapid damage assessment, often called a window survey, conducted by emergency responders, critical facility operators, utility providers, and essential service providers. This component of the overall damage assessment process focuses on gaining situational awareness to apply scarce resources to saving lives, protecting property, and limiting environmental harm.

The second step involves conducting a rapid needs assessment of the affected community. The needs assessment focuses on identifying critical community needs, such as water, food, electricity, mutual aid resources, care and shelter requirements, specialized equipment, and sanitation.

The third step is to conduct a preliminary damage estimate, which focuses on placing monetary estimates for debris management, emergency protective actions (firefighting, policing.), road repair, and repair to water control infrastructure, government buildings and facilities, public utilities, private dwellings, and businesses.

3.21.4 RECOVERY DOCUMENTATION
Recovery Documentation focuses on documenting damage, response costs, and identifying mitigation or preventative opportunities.

Sequential steps to achieve recovery documentation include:

1. Identification of immediate needs such as feeding, sheltering, etc.

2. Identification of housing needs both short-term and long-term.

3. Safety Assessment of both residential and commercial structures.

4. Assessment of critical infrastructure such as hospitals and fire stations.

5. Evaluation of essential services and systems such as power grids and cellular systems.

6. Assessment of public infrastructure such as municipal buildings and utilities.

7. Costs will be documented and generally identified as Response Costs or Damage Costs.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
111
EOP Part 1| September 2025

8. Response costs and damage estimates will be documented using San Bernardino County, Cal OES, FEMA format and forms, or other appropriate state or federal agencies.

9. The EOC Planning and Intelligence Section, in coordination with the Operations Section and Finance and Administration Section, calculates and organizes damage reporting.

10.The EOC Finance and Administration Section calculates and organizes cost and cost-recovery reporting.

3.21.5 RECOVERY AFTER-ACTION REPORTS
Recovery After-Action reporting focuses on documenting lessons learned and potential corrective actions. EOC activations often require an After-Action/ Corrective-Action Report (AAR/CAR). The AAR/CAR is an internal controlled document. Consistent with § 2450 (a) of the SEMS Regulations, "Any city, city and county, or county declaring a local emergency for which the Governor proclaims a state of emergency, and any state agency responding to that emergency shall complete and transmit an after-action report to Cal OES within ninety (90) days of the close of the incident period as specified in the California Code of Regulations, section 2900(j)." The City of Big Bear Lake Director of Emergency Services will cause for the development and transmittal of an After-Action Report to Cal OES consistent with the California Code of Regulations. After-Action Reports are to be submitted to Cal OES via Cal EOC (Web EOC) within 90 days of the incident's close. https://caleoc.caloes.ca.gov/eoc7/default.aspx

3.21.6 RECOVERY DISASTER ASSISTANCE
Recovery Disaster Assistance assists individuals, businesses, non-governmental organizations, and governments in rebuilding and recovering following a disaster.

Recovery assistance comes from a wide array of organizations for specific purposes. For the Emergency Operations Plan (EOP), disaster assistance is organized into Individual Assistance and Public Assistance.

I. INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE
Non-governmental organizations assistance: Many non-governmental agencies (NGOs), such as the American Red Cross and the Salvation Army, provide recovery assistance to individuals, families, and community organizations. This assistance may include shelter, food, clothing, or housing reconstruction.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
112
EOP Part 1| September 2025
State assistance: The state does not have the authority to offer financial assistance to private-sector disaster victims under the California Disaster Assistance Act (CDAA). However, the California Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) coordinates with federal, state, local, and NGOs to provide other types of recovery assistance to individuals, households, businesses, and the agricultural community. Under the Welfare and Institutions Code, the California Department of Social Services (CDSS) is authorized to assist those who receive the maximum grant under the Federal Individuals and Households Program (IHP) and still have eligible losses as identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) inspector.

The state also has a variety of other programs and services to assist individuals, businesses, and farmers in recovering from a disaster.

FEMA assistance: Under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistant Act of 1988 (PL 100-707); amended Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (PL 93- 288). This Act constitutes the statutory authority for most federal disaster response activities, especially those that pertain to FEMA and FEMA programs.

FEMA provides a wide range of programs for individuals and households. This assistance includes:
▪ Housing Assistance: The IHP provides financial and direct assistance to eligible homeowners and renters displaced from their pre-disaster primary residence.
▪ Other Needs Assistance: The IHP provides financial assistance for uninsured disaster-related necessary expenses and serious needs, including personal property, medical, dental, and transportation expenses. ▪ Additional Programs: Other Stafford Act Programs that may be made available due to a major disaster declaration include crisis counseling, disaster unemployment assistance, and legal services.

Low-interest loans: The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) provides lowinterest disaster loans to homeowners, renters, businesses, and private non-profit organizations in declared disaster areas. Loans for uninsured physical damage to homes, businesses, and other properties or economic losses may be made.

Following presidential disaster declarations, SBA implemented its program with FEMA's Individual Assistance (IA) Stafford Act programs. When a Presidential City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
113
EOP Part 1| September 2025
disaster declaration is not viable or warranted or does not include IA due to the scope of the disaster, it may be appropriate for the California Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) to coordinate requests for SBA assistance since this can be done independently of a FEMA declaration. To pursue SBA assistance, the damage incurred by the community must meet certain minimum thresholds.

Agricultural assistance: The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) provides lowinterest loans to farmers, ranchers, and aqua-culturists for physical or crop production losses in areas designated a disaster by the Secretary of Agriculture.

This designation may also follow a Presidential disaster declaration. As a result, the SBA may also provide economic injury disaster loans to small non-farm businesses, small agricultural cooperatives, and most private non-profit organizations of any size.

II. PUBLIC ASSISTANCE
State assistance: The California Disaster Assistance Act (CDAA) authorizes the State to provide financial assistance for costs incurred by local governments due to a disaster. CDAA assistance may be implemented when local resources are exceeded, but the President does not declare an emergency or major disaster under the Stafford Act. The State's share of work eligible under CDAA is no more than 75% of total state-eligible costs. However, funding may vary depending on the disaster type at the Legislature's discretion.

There are two levels of CDAA assistance:
▪ Secretary’s Concurrence: Under CDAA, the CalOES Director may concur with a local government request for state assistance independently of a Governor’s Proclamation of a State of Emergency. A Director’s Concurrence is limited to eligible permanent repair work. Generally, a 75%/25% cost share between state and local governments applies.
▪ During a State of Emergency: When the Governor proclaims a State of Emergency, emergency and permanent work are eligible for assistance.

Again, a 75%/25% cost share between state and local governments applies.

Federal assistance: Under a declaration of emergency or major disaster, the President may designate certain counties in the affected areas as eligible for Public Assistance (PA). FEMA manages the Major Public Assistance programs available under the Stafford Act.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
114
EOP Part 1| September 2025
FEMA Public Assistance Grant Program: The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) provides state agencies, local governments, and certain private non-profit entities with federal grants to cover eligible disaster recovery work on a cost-share basis. Per the Stafford Act, the federal cost share is 75%. The State of California shares the remaining cost with the applicant. Costs are categorized into Emergency Work and Permanent Work.

Eligible costs must be associated with:

Emergency Work
▪ Debris removal (Category A)
▪ Emergency protective measures. Emergency work necessary to save lives, protect public health and safety, and protect property. (Category B) Permanent Work (restoration of)
▪ Roads/bridges (Category C)
▪ Water control facilities (Category D)
▪ Buildings/equipment (Category E)
▪ Utilities (Category F)
▪ Parks, recreational, and other facilities (Category G) Non-Stafford Act programs: The federal government provides recovery assistance through authorities and programs outside the Stafford Act. These programs may be implemented with Stafford Act programs under a disaster declaration or separately. Depending on the program, the agencies assist recipients directly or through another state agency besides Cal OES. Examples include:
▪ Federal Highway Administration: Under the Emergency Relief Program, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provides assistance to the Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and local governments for damage to roads, bridges, and other facilities on the federal-aid system. Caltrans implements this program on behalf of FHWA.
▪ Natural Resources Conservation Service: Under the Emergency Watershed Protection Program, the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) provides assistance to state agencies and local governments for emergency work necessary to protect life, property, and public health and safety in watersheds damaged by a disaster, such as a wildfire or flood.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
115
EOP Part 1| September 2025
▪ US Army Corps of Engineers: Under the Rehabilitation and Inspection Program, the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) assists in flood fighting, emergency repairs, and repairs to damaged facilities. The USACE provides this assistance for levees and other flood control works that meet pre-disaster program participation criteria.
▪ US Department of Housing and Urban Development: The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development’s (HUD) Community Development Block Grants may be requested by state and local governments for a wide range of recovery purposes.
▪ Congressional Appropriations: The US Congress may make disaster-specific appropriations that allow federal agencies to provide assistance beyond existing authorities and programs. State coordination of this assistance depends on the nature of the appropriation and the federal agency charged with its implementation.

3.22 CITY DEPARTMENT PARTICIPATION
City department participation during all phases of the emergency management cycle ensures the Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) reflects the current policies, organizational structures, and methodologies utilized by the City of Big Bear Lake response and support organizations.

The City of Big Bear Lake City Manager's Office has delegated the responsibility for coordinating overall planning under the EOP, including reviewing, and revising the plan, related annexes, and supporting operational procedures, to the Public Works Department. Lead departments are responsible for taking the lead in preparing input and supporting the maintenance of their specific Emergency Support Function (ESF) to the EOP.

Lead and Support departments are responsible for planning and coordinating the delivery of emergency assistance. Lead departments are responsible for leading and managing an Emergency Support Function (ESF), while Support departments support a Lead department in executing an ESF. All departments will contribute to developing supporting material for the EOP, including annexes and supplements describing specific policies and procedures for emergency operations.

The preparedness of departments, organizations, agencies, and units is demonstrated by their capabilities to deliver emergency response assistance. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) measures the development and City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
116
EOP Part 1| September 2025
maintenance of capability through a concept spanning 32 Core Capabilities across 5 Mission Areas.

More information on the Core Capabilities may be found at https://www.fema.gov/core-capabilities

THIS SECTION IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
117
EOP Part 1| September 2025

4.0 ORGANIZATION AND ASSIGNMENT OF

RESPONSIBILITIES

4.1 GENERAL OVERVIEW OF EMERGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES
All departments and employees have a role during emergency response and recovery operations. Additionally, all city employees are considered Disaster Service Workers (DSW), per CA Government Code Title I, Section 3100, and may be pressed into service during proclaimed or declared disasters.

The City of Big Bear Lake's emergency operations, organizational structure, and support functions are organized according to the concepts and principles of the California Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) and the National Incident Management System (NIMS).

4.2 DIRECTOR OF EMERGENCY SERVICES
The City Manager is the Director of Emergency Services, having jurisdiction and full authority over the City's response and recovery to extraordinary emergencies and disasters. The Assistant City Manager is the Assistant Director of Emergency Services. Alternates may be assigned by the Director or the Assistant Director of Emergency Services.

4.3 CITY COUNCIL
The Mayor and City Council may promulgate orders and regulations necessary to protect life and property, including orders and regulations imposing a curfew within designated boundaries where necessary to preserve public order and safety, orders against price fixing, and all other orders necessary to protect lives and property. Members of the City Council serve as liaisons to their respective districts and constituents regarding the city's response and recovery efforts during and following a disaster. They also serve to liaise with county, state, and federal elected officials.

4.4 CITY EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION
The City Emergency Organization constitutes the operational forces necessary to meet the conditions of a local emergency. All officers and employees of the city, together with those volunteer forces enrolled to aid them during an emergency, City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
118
EOP Part 1| September 2025
and all groups, organizations, and persons who may by agreement or operation of law, including persons pressed into service, be charged with duties incident to the protection of life and property in the City during an emergency, constitute the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Organization.

The City Emergency Organization is defined in City of Big Bear Lake Municipal Code Chapter 2.24.070.

4.5 DISASTER SERVICE WORKER
A Disaster Service Worker is any person registered with a disaster council, the California Office of Emergency Services, or a state agency granted authority to register disaster service workers to engage in disaster service work pursuant to the California Emergency Services Act without pay or other consideration.

Disaster Service Workers include public employees and any unregistered persons pressed into service during a state of war emergency, a state of emergency, or a local emergency by a person having authority to command the aid of citizens in the execution of his or her duties. All City of Big Bear Lake employees, full-time and part-time, are Disaster Service Workers consistent with CA Government Code Title I, Section 3100.

Municipal Code Chapter 2.24.070 further defines Disaster Service Workers.

4.6 FIRST RESPONSE DEPARTMENTS
First Response Departments are operational departments or agencies with primary jurisdictional authority or responsibility for responding to and recovering from extraordinary emergencies and disasters.

First Response Departments include:
▪ City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Department
While not departments of the City of Big Bear Lake, the following external agencies are considered first response agencies:
▪ Big Bear Lake Fire Authority
▪ San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
119
EOP Part 1| September 2025
First Response Departments are responsible for developing policies, procedures, guidance, and resources to enable them to execute their responsibilities in the EOP.

4.7 LEAD DEPARTMENTS
Lead Departments or agencies are designated as the primary organizations responsible for executing an Emergency Support Function (ESF) based on their authorities, resources, or capabilities in the functional area. Departments may serve in one or more Lead, Support, or Coordinating roles regarding ESFs.

Lead City Departments (leading one or more ESF) include:
▪ City Manager’s Office
▪ Management Services
▪ Finance/Treasury Services
▪ Public Works/Engineering
▪ Community Development
External agencies and organizations (leading one or more ESF) include:
▪ Big Bear Lake Fire Authority
▪ San Bernardino County Department of Public Health
▪ San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department
▪ San Bernardino County Animal Care
NOTE: External agencies and organizations are deemed Lead generally due to jurisdictional authority or contractual agreement.

Lead departments or organizations are responsible for developing policies, procedures, guidance, and resources to enable them to execute their responsibilities in the EOP.

4.8 SUPPORT DEPARTMENTS
Support Departments are those designated as responsible for supporting Lead Departments in executing a Lead Department's emergency support function. They are designated based on their capabilities and capacities to support a Lead Department's emergency function mission.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
120
EOP Part 1| September 2025
All city departments are considered Support Departments in the Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) context.

Support Departments are responsible for developing policies, procedures, guidance, and resources to enable them to execute their responsibilities in the EOP.

4.9 COORDINATING DEPARTMENTS
Coordinating Departments are those responsible for coordinating an Emergency Support Function (ESF) for which no specific City department has jurisdictional authority. Coordination occurs with an outside organization having jurisdictional or contractual authority over the ESF. Public Health is an example of an ESF for which no city department has specific authority or capability. This ESF requires outside coordination with the San Bernardino County Department of Public Health.

Coordinating Departments include:
▪ City Manager’s Office
o Coordinates for public health services.
o Coordinates for animal care services.
o Coordinates for emergency food and water distribution. o Coordinates for military support.
▪ Public Works/Engineering Department
o Coordinates mass care and sheltering.
o Coordinates energy and utilities.

Coordinating Departments are responsible for developing all policies, procedures, or guidance to enable them to execute their responsibilities in the EOP.

4.10 DEPARTMENT OPERATIONS CENTER (DOC)
Department Operations Center (DOC) is the location from which centralized departmental emergency management is performed. First Response Departments maintain primary and alternate DOC capabilities. Lead Departments are encouraged to maintain primary and alternate DOC capabilities. DOCs serve a supporting role in the city EOC.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
121
EOP Part 1| September 2025
The following city departments maintain Department Operations Centers:
▪ City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Department

4.11 EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (EOC)
Emergency Operations Center (EOC) is the location from which centralized city emergency management is performed. The City of Big Bear Lake maintains primary and alternate EOC capabilities. Locations for both facilities are identified in Section 7.1.4 of this plan.

4.12 DEPARTMENT RESPONSIBILITIES
Department Responsibilities: All departments, non-governmental organizations, and volunteer organizations comprising the city Emergency Organization are grouped into 28 Emergency Support Functions (ESF) to coordinate and complete assigned missions. These functions represent specific response and recovery activities that are cross-cutting and common to all disasters. Each Emergency Support Function comprises one Lead Department or agency serving as the primary tasked organization and one or more Support Departments, agencies, or organizations providing operational, logistical, or technical support.

ESFs, which are not a typical capability of the City of Big Bear Lake, are identified as having a Coordinating Department instead of a Lead Department. An example is the Health and Medical ESF, in which the San Bernardino County Department of Public Health serves as the Lead agency, and the City of Big Bear Lake City Manager’s Office as the internal city Coordinating Department. Coordinating departments should establish communications with Lead agencies or organizations in the preparedness phase and before a disaster.

Lead, Support, and Coordinating Departments should develop SOPs, SOGs, policies, or enabling documents required to execute Emergency Support Functions. Lead, Support, and Coordinating Departments should also develop and conduct any training and exercises needed to perform Emergency Support Functions.

4.13 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION (ESF) OVERVIEW
Emergency Support Function Overview: The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) developed the ESF concept in the late 1980s to address the potential management concerns that would be necessary to coordinate a federal City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
122
EOP Part 1| September 2025
response to a catastrophic earthquake in California. FEMA subsequently implemented the ESF concept in developing its original National Response Plan and subsequent National Response Framework.

The 2009 State of California Emergency Plan established the California Emergency Support Functions (CA-ESF). The ESFs are 18 primary disciplines or activities essential to addressing the emergency management needs of communities in all phases of emergency management. The ESFs are designed to bring together discipline-specific stakeholders at all levels of government to collaborate and function within the four phases of emergency management. Local governments and Operational Areas are only required to implement the ESF concept if they choose to do so. Instead, they may organize in a manner consistent with local resources and SEMS regulations and guidelines.

The City of Big Bear Lake uses the ESF concept.

The City of Big Bear Lake should be prepared to respond quickly and effectively on a 24-hour basis to developing emergency events. When a threat or potential threat is first detected, the city Emergency Operations Center (EOC) is activated to a level appropriate to the event's magnitude and complexity. The city's response effort is then initiated through the city Emergency Organization, which comprises designated Emergency Support Function (ESF) Coordinators from tasked City departments, non-governmental organizations, and volunteer organizations. These ESF Coordinators are authorized to assign resources of their department or organization to carry out response and recovery mission assignments.

The County of San Bernardino's use of ESFs aligns with the state's 18 ESFs. The City of Big Bear Lake has further broken down emergency support functions into sub-level functions, resulting in 28 ESFs. However, not all 28 ESFs are led by the city. Many are led by external organizations that have jurisdictional authority over the emergency support function.

4.14 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION CROSSWALK

4.14.1 CITY EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION CROSSWALK
The Emergency Support Functions for the City of Big Bear Lake have been coordinated with those used by the California Office of Emergency Services (Cal City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
123
EOP Part 1| September 2025
OES) and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). In doing so, the ESFs are modified to meet the City of Big Bear Lake’s unique emergency management roles and capabilities. Additional ESFs were added for the City of Big Bear Lake, while others were broken down into subcomponents, resulting in a bifurcation of certain ESFs. ESF Crosswalks are found in Table 4.14.1 below and the Big Bear ESF Matrix is found in Table 4.19.

It merits reiteration that the City of Big Bear Lake receives services from several external agencies and organizations and may not possess the internal tactical capabilities for certain ESFs. In these circumstances, the city coordinates with the lead external agency or organization.

Table 4.14.1
City of Big Bear Lake ESF CA ESF Federal ESF
ESF-1
Transportation
ESF-1
Transportation
ESF-1
Transportation
ESF-2
Communications
ESF-2
Communications
ESF-2
Communications
ESF-3
Public Works & Engineering
ESF-3
Construction and Engineering
ESF-3
Public Works & Engineering
ESF-4
Firefighting & Rescue
ESF-4
Fire and Rescue
ESF-4
Firefighting
ESF-5
Emergency Management
ESF-5
Management
ESF-5
Information and Planning
ESF-6
Mass Care and Sheltering
ESF-6
Care and Shelter
ESF-6
Mass Care, Emergency
Assistance, Housing, and
Human Services
ESF-7
Resource Support
ESF-7
Resources
ESF-7
Logistics Management and
Resource Support
ESF-8
Medical & Health
ESF-8
Public Health and Medical
ESF-8
Public Health and Medical
Services
ESF-9
Urban Search & Rescue
ESF-9
Search and Rescue
ESF-9
Search and Rescue
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
124
EOP Part 1| September 2025
ESF-10
Hazardous Materials
ESF-10
Hazardous Materials
ESF-10
Oil and Hazardous Materials
Response
ESF-11
Animal Care & Welfare
ESF-11
Food and Agriculture
ESF-11
Agriculture and Natural
Resources
ESF-12
Energy & Utilities
ESF-12
Utilities
ESF-12
Energy
ESF-13
Law Enforcement & Security
ESF-13
Law Enforcement
ESF-13
Public Safety and Security
ESF-14
Long-Term Community
Recovery
ESF-14
Recovery
ESF-14
Cross-Sector Business and
Infrastructure
ESF-15
Emergency Public Information
and External Affairs
ESF-15
Public Information
ESF-15
External Affairs
ESF-16
Evacuation, Movement, & ReEntry
ESF-16
Evacuation
N/A
ESF-17
Volunteer Management
ESF-17
Volunteer and Donations
Management
N/A
ESF-18
Donations Management
ESF-17
Volunteer and Donations
Management
N/A
ESF-19
Alert & Warning

N/A N/A
ESF-20
Direction & Control

N/A N/A
ESF-21
Damage Assessment &
Inspection

N/A N/A
ESF-22
Food & Water Distribution

N/A N/A
ESF-23
Route Recovery

N/A N/A
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
125
EOP Part 1| September 2025
ESF-24
Debris Management

N/A N/A
ESF-25
Disaster Cost Recovery

N/A N/A
ESF-26
Information & Planning

N/A N/A
ESF-27
Special Populations

N/A N/A
ESF-28
Military Support

N/A N/A

4.14.2 COUNTY EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION CROSSWALK
San Bernardino County has identified the county department(s) with the closest similarities to the state's lead agency for each of the 18 state ESFs. This is shown in Table 4.14.2 on the following two pages.

THIS SECTION IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
126
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Table 4.14.2
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
127
EOP Part 1| September 2025
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
128
EOP Part 1| September 2025

4.15 EMERGENCY FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
ESF 1-TRANSPORTATION
Lead Department or Agency: Public Works/Engineering Department (LEAD) Responsible for coordinating transportation support to departments, nongovernmental organizations, and voluntary organizations. Transportation support includes the following:
(1) Performance and assisting with evacuation and re-entry. (2) Processing transportation assistance requests and tasks received in the EOC. (3) Prioritizing and arranging resources for the transportation of people, materials, and services.
(4) Performing all necessary actions to assist with recovery operations.

ESF 2-COMMUNICATIONS
Lead Department or Agency: Public Works/Engineering Department (LEAD) – radios
Management Services/Information Technology
(SUPPORT) – network and telecom
Responsible for coordinating actions to provide required communications (2-way radios) and telecommunications (computer and telephone systems) support to disaster response personnel. Actions may include acquiring, deploying, activating, and maintaining emergency communications systems and equipment.

ESF 3-PUBLIC WORKS AND ENGINEERING
Lead Department or Agency: Public Works/Engineering Department (LEAD) Responsible for providing technical advice and evaluations, engineering systems, construction management and inspection, emergency repair of wastewater and solid waste facilities, assisting with removal and handling of debris, and assisting in the opening and maintaining roadways.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
129
EOP Part 1| September 2025
ESF 4-FIREFIGHTING AND RESCUE
Lead Department or Agency: Big Bear Fire Authority (LEAD) Responsible for firefighting and rescue activities, including hazard control, fire suppression, and technical rescue. Areas of responsibility and activities include suburban, urban, rural, and wildland settings. Emergency medical first responder services, general and technical rescue activities, and other hazard control consistent with the firefighting and rescue emergency support function.

ESF 5-EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
Lead Department or Agency: Public Works/Engineering Department (LEAD) Responsible for overall incident management support and coordination, event information and action planning activities, resource coordination and allocation, multi-agency multi-jurisdictional coordination, and mission tasking and tracking activities.

ESF 6-MASS CARE AND SHELTERING
Lead Department or Agency: City of Big Bear Lake (LEAD) American Red Cross (SUPPORTING)
Responsible for coordinating efforts to provide shelter, food, and basic human needs and coordinating the distribution of emergency relief supplies to disaster victims. Also, it may include activities related to emergency responders and the emergency responders' family care.

ESF 7-RESOURCE SUPPORT
Lead Department or Agency: Public Works/Engineering Department (LEAD) Responsible for providing logistical and resource support to entities involved in emergency response efforts for natural and technological emergencies and disasters. Resource support activities are wide-ranging and include logistics and resources not coordinated by other ESFs.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
130
EOP Part 1| September 2025
ESF 8-MEDICAL AND HEALTH
Lead Department or Agency: San Bernardino County Department of Public Health (LEAD)

City Manager’s Office (COORDINATING)
Responsible for coordinating medical and health resources to respond to public health and medical care needs before, during, and following a disaster.

ESF 9-URBAN SEARCH AND RESCUE
Lead Department or Agency: Big Bear Fire Authority (LEAD) Responsibilities include searching for and locating disaster victims in urban environments. Urban environments include confined spaces, damaged or destroyed buildings, slow-rise or swift water environments, and other situations where entrapment has occurred due to a natural, technical, or human-caused disaster. Will coordinate with county and regional USAR resources.

ESF 10-HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Lead Department or Agency: Big Bear Fire Authority (LEAD) Responsibilities include coordinating the mitigation, response, and recovery to an actual or potential discharge or release of hazardous materials resulting from a natural or technological disaster. The Maintenance and Facilities Department is responsible for supervising the clean-up of spills on city streets, catch basins, storm drains, and storm channels. Will coordinate with county and regional HAZMAT resources.

ESF 11-ANIMAL CARE & WELFARE
Lead Department or Agency: City Manager’s Office (COORDINATING) San Bernardino County Animal Care (LEAD)
Responsible for coordinating animal response, rescue, and relief activities following a major emergency or disaster.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
131
EOP Part 1| September 2025
ESF 12-ENERGY AND UTILITIES
Lead Department or Agency: Public Works/Engineering Department (COORDINATING)
Responsible for coordinating the provision of emergency power to support emergency response and recovery efforts and normalized community functions.

EF 12 coordinates electric power, power distribution systems, fuel, emergency generators, and water systems.

ESF 13-LAW ENFORCEMENT AND SECURITY
Lead Department or Agency: San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department (LEAD) Responsibilities include establishing procedures for the command, control, and coordination of law enforcement activities to support disaster response operations. EF 13 works with County, State, National Guard, and Federal law enforcement agencies to support security missions and other law enforcement activities.

ESF 14-LONG-TERM COMMUNITY RECOVERY
Lead Department or Agency: Community & Economic Development Department (LEAD)
Responsible for the community's effort to regain normal functions, such as commerce and employment, public transportation, and the use of structures like buildings, bridges, and roadways. Longer-term recovery generally involves rebuilding efforts, post-event mitigation activities, repatriation of communities and neighborhoods, and economic assistance and stabilization.

ESF 15-EMERGENCY PUBLIC INFORMATION AND EXTERNAL AFFAIRS Lead Department or Agency: City Clerk’s Office (LEAD)
Responsible for emergency public information, media affairs, community relations, and coordination of special and political visits.

ESF 16-EVACUATION, MOVEMENT, AND RE-ENTRY
Lead Department or Agency: San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department (LEAD) Responsible for evacuating people, controlling, and moving people and vehicles, escorting residents and business representatives into closed disaster areas when appropriate and safe, and controlling the re-entry or repatriation of people to a previously evacuated area.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
132
EOP Part 1| September 2025
ESF 17-VOLUNTEER MANAGEMENT
Lead Department or Agency: Human Resources/Risk Management Department (LEAD)
Responsible for coordinating the efforts of affiliated, spontaneous-unaffiliated volunteers and volunteer organizations during emergencies and disasters.

ESF 18-DONATIONS MANAGEMENT
Lead Department or Agency: City Manager’s Office (LEAD) Responsible for the coordination of donated goods and services during times of emergencies and disasters.

ESF 19-ALERT AND WARNING
Lead Department or Agency: San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department (LEAD) Responsible for coordinating public alerting and warning. This includes activating alerting, warning systems, restoring critical alerting, and warning systems.

ESF 20-DIRECTION AND CONTROL
Lead Department or Agency: EOC-City Manager’s Office
ICP-Dependent upon hazard and incident type
Responsible for directing and controlling incident resources, personnel, and incident objectives. Direction and Control includes developing strategic incident goals, applying equipment and incident resources to accomplish tactical objectives, and supervising incident personnel and resources.

ESF 21-DAMAGE ASSESSMENT AND INSPECTION
Lead Department or Agency: Community & Economic Development Department (LEAD)
Responsible for collecting and organizing damage data related to critical infrastructure, city facilities, commercial properties, residential and dwelling units, special districts, non-governmental organizations, and agriculture.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
133
EOP Part 1| September 2025
ESF 22-FOOD AND WATER DISTRIBUTION
Lead Department or Agency: Public Works/Engineering Department (LEAD) Responsible for acquiring and distributing bulk food, water, and ice at points of distribution sites. Bulk distribution involves providing sustenance to disaster victims independent of shelter operations, where food is generally offered in a prepared format. This ESF is critical when roads and transportation modes are disrupted and food distribution systems are compromised.

ESF 23-ROUTE RECOVERY
Lead Department or Agency: Public Works/Engineering Department (LEAD) Responsible for the opening and restoring of transportation routes to aid in the response and recovery efforts of emergency response and support organizations.

ESF 24-DEBRIS MANAGEMENT
Lead Department or Agency: Public Works/Engineering Department (LEAD) Responsible for identifying, moving, collecting, sorting, re-using, or disposing of disaster-related debris.

ESF 25-DISASTER COST RECOVERY
Lead Department or Agency: Finance/Treasury Services Department (LEAD) Responsible for identifying, coordinating, and recovering emergency response and recovery-related financial expenses and costs.

ESF 26-INFORMATION AND PLANNING
Lead Department or Agency: Public Works/Engineering Department (LEAD) Responsible for collecting, processing, and disseminating information to facilitate emergency response and recovery efforts. Preparation of special operations plans, pre-event monitoring, situational assessments, determination of operating conditions, hazards and risk assessments, and capability and gap analysis activities.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
134
EOP Part 1| September 2025
ESF 27-SPECIAL POPULATIONS
Lead Department or Agency: City Manager’s Office (LEAD) Responsible for the unique planning considerations for populations with special needs and those at particular risk during emergencies and disasters.

ESF 28-MILITARY SUPPORT
Lead Department or Agency: San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department (LEAD) City Manager’s Office (COORDINATING)
Responsible for coordinating with the United States Department of Defense, California National Guard, and related armed forces and resources during emergencies and disasters.

4.16 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION RESPONSIBILITIES

LEAD DEPARTMENTS
City departments designated as the Lead for an Emergency Support Function (ESF) serve as the executive agent to carry out the ESF mission. When an ESF is activated, the Lead Department for the ESF has operational responsibility for:
a) Orchestrating the department or organization support within the functional area.
b) Providing an appropriate level of staffing for operations at the EOC. c) Activating and tasking Support Departments, Organizations, or Agencies. d) Managing mission assignments and coordinating tasks with Support Departments, organizations, or agencies, as well as other necessary organizations, state, and federal agencies.
e) Supporting and keeping other ESFs and organizational elements informed of ESF operational priorities and activities.
f) Following established financial and property accountability procedures. g) Supporting planning for short and long-term emergency operations. h) Reviewing and updating plans and procedures associated with assigned emergency response target capabilities.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
135
EOP Part 1| September 2025
i) Training and exercising with Support Departments, Organizations, or Agencies to maintain response readiness and capabilities.

SUPPORT DEPARTMENTS
When an ESF is activated, each Support Department, Organization, or Agency for the ESF has operational responsibility for:
a) Supporting the ESF Lead Department by conducting operations using its authorities, expertise, capabilities, and resources.
b) Supporting the Lead Department mission assignments.
c) Providing status and resource information to the Lead Department. d) Following established financial and property accountability procedures. e) Supporting planning for short and long-term emergency operations. f) Supporting the review and update of plans and procedures associated with assigned emergency response target capabilities.
g) Participating in training and exercising to maintain response readiness and capabilities.

COORDINATING DEPARTMENTS
City departments designated as the Coordinating Department for an Emergency Support Function (ESF) serve as the principal point of contact in coordinating the efforts of external lead departments. When an ESF is activated, the Coordinating Department for the ESF has operational responsibility for:
a) Coordinating emergency support activities with the Lead agency or organization.
b) Liaison between the city and external lead agencies or organizations. c) Direct mission tasks to external lead agencies or organizations. d) Request external lead agencies and organizations to respond to the EOC via the EOC Liaison Officer.

OTHER DEPARTMENTS, ORGANIZATIONS, AND AGENCIES
Other City of Big Bear Lake departments or divisions, non-governmental organizations, or outside agencies not explicitly designated as Lead or Support may have authorities, expertise, capabilities, or resources required to support City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
136
EOP Part 1| September 2025
emergency operations. Those entities may be requested to participate in planning and pre-incident activities or provide support during emergencies.

4.17 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION COORDINATORS
Emergency Support Function Coordinators: Each Emergency Support Function (ESF) has a designated coordinator, who is assigned by the responsible Department Director. The responsibilities for ESFs without assigned coordinators default to the responsible Department Director.

ESF Coordinators have the same responsibility and authority to allocate department resources as a Branch Director does in an EOC setting.

4.18 CONSOLIDATED EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES
Consolidated Emergency Activities: The consolidated emergency activities concept is a mechanism that consolidates multiple departments or agencies that perform similar or like activities or functions into a single, cohesive group to allow for more effective management of emergency response functions and resources.

This consolidation of like activities forms the basis for the Emergency Support Function (ESF) concept of operations. For example, many local, state, nongovernmental, and volunteer organizations have mass care, sheltering, and human services capabilities. Under the ESF concept, these organizations function as one entity under ESF 6, Mass Care, Sheltering, and Human Services.

4.19 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS MATRIX OVERVIEW
Emergency Support Functions Matrix Overview: The Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) identifies 28 areas of functional responsibility called Emergency Support Functions (ESFs). Each ESF is headed by a Lead City Department designated based on its authorities, resources, or capabilities in the particular functional area. Each Lead Department is supported by various departments (Supporting Departments) and organizations with functional supporting roles and responsibilities based on their resources or capabilities.

Important ESF Principles:
 Emergency response activities are carried out using one or more ESFs based on the nature and magnitude of the event.
 ESFs are activated and carried out based on the emergency support functions required for the emergency.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
137
EOP Part 1| September 2025
 ESFs may be activated with or without the activation of the EOC.  ESFs may be carried out by the EOC or a DOC.
 Departments with ESF Lead Department responsibility should assign by job title an ESF Coordinator for each ESF they are leading.  The following section depicts the 28 Emergency Support Functions with their assigned Lead, Support, and Coordinating departments or agencies on the Emergency Support Functions Matrix.

THIS SECTION IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
138

4.19 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS RESPONSIBILITY MATRIX
EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Transportation Communications Public Works and Engineering Firefighting and Rescue Emergency Management Mass Care and Sheltering Resource Support Medical and Health Services Urban Search and Rescue Hazardous Materials Animal Care and Welfare Energy and Utilities Law Enforcement and Security Long-Term Community Recovery Emergency Public Information and External Affairs Evacuation, Movement, and Re-Entry Volunteer Management Donations Management Alert and Warning Direction and Control Damage Assessment Food and Water Distribution Route Recovery Debris Management Disaster Cost Recovery Information and Planning Special Populations Military Support Management Services
City Manager’s Office S C C L L L C
Management Services
Information Technology S S S
Management Services
City Clerk/Communications L
Management Services
Human Resources/Risk Mgt. L
Finance/Treasury Services
Finance S S L
Public Works/Engineering L L L L L L C S L L L L
Community Development L L
American Red Cross S
Big Bear Lake Fire Authority L L L
SBCO Department of Public Health L
SBCO Sheriff’s Department L L L L
SBCO Animal Care L
Key: L = Lead Lead departments or agencies have jurisdictional authority over the emergency support function or associated capability.

S = Support Support departments or agencies possess a capability supportive to the lead department or agency.

C = Coordinate Coordinating departments coordinate with outside agencies or organizations that are Lead for an emergency function.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
139
EOP Part 1| June 2024

4.21 SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY OPERATIONAL AREA
The San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services is the Operational Area (OA) Coordinator. As defined in SEMS, the "OA Level" means an intermediate level of the state emergency services organization, consisting of a county and all political subdivisions within the county area. Each county's geographic area is designated as an OA. An OA is used by the county and political subdivisions comprising the OA for coordinating emergency activities and serving as a link in the system of communicating and coordinating between the State's emergency operations center and the emergency operation centers of the political subdivisions comprising the OA. The City of Big Bear Lake is located within the San Bernardino County Operational Area (SBCO OA).

4.22 CITY VOLUNTEER GROUPS
The City of Big Bear Lake does not maintain any volunteer resources or groups.

Volunteer resources and support are generally coordinated with area, county, or regional volunteer organizations.

4.23 COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
Resilient communities begin with prepared communities. Individuals, families, and caregivers to those with access and functional needs should enhance their awareness of risks and threats, develop household emergency plans that include care for pets and service animals, and prepare emergency supply kits. Individuals can also volunteer in their communities. Individuals and households play an essential role in emergency management by contributing to community, neighborhood, and family preparedness.

Community members can contribute by:
▪ Reducing hazards in and around their homes. Hazard reduction actions include making their home earthquake-resistant or storing unanchored objects during high winds. These actions can reduce damage caused by an emergency.
▪ Preparing an emergency supply kit and household emergency plan. By developing a household emergency plan and assembling disaster supplies before an emergency, people can take care of themselves until assistance arrives. Emergency kits should include supplies for household pets and service animals.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
140
EOP Part 1| September 2025
▪ Monitor emergency communications carefully. Critical information and directions will be released to the public via various media throughout an emergency. By carefully following the directions provided, residents can reduce their risk of injury, keep emergency routes open to response personnel, and reduce the demands on landline and cellular communication.
▪ Volunteering with an established organization. Organizations and agencies with a role in response and recovery are always seeking hardworking and dedicated volunteers. By volunteering with an established voluntary agency, individuals and households become a part of the emergency management system and ensure that their efforts are directed where they are most needed.
▪ Enrolling in emergency response training courses. Emergency response training, whether basic first aid through the American Red Cross or a more complex course through a local college, will enable residents to take initial response actions required to care for themselves and their households. This allows first responders to focus on higher-priority tasks that affect the entire community. Strong partnerships with citizen groups and organizations provide support for incident management prevention, preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation.

4.24 NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) play essential roles before, during, and after an emergency.

NGOs provide shelter, emergency food supplies, counseling services, and other vital services to support response and promote the recovery of disaster survivors.

These groups offer specialized services that help individuals with special needs, including those with disabilities. Non-governmental organizations collaborate with first responders, governments at all levels, and other agencies and organizations providing relief services to sustain life, reduce physical and emotional distress, and promote disaster victims' recovery when assistance is available from other sources.

Examples of NGO and voluntary organization contributions include:
▪ Training and managing volunteer resources.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
141
EOP Part 1| September 2025
▪ Identifying shelter locations and needed supplies.
▪ Providing critical emergency services to those in need, such as cleaning supplies, clothing, food, shelter, or post-emergency clean-up assistance. ▪ Identifying those survivors whose needs have not been met and helping coordinate the provision of assistance.

The American Red Cross (ARC) is a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that provides relief at the local level and assists in coordinating the Mass Care Emergency Support Function. The ARC does not direct other NGOs, but it takes the lead in integrating the efforts of national NGOs that provide mass care services during response operations. The National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (NVOAD) is a consortium of more than 50 recognized national organizations of volunteers active in disaster relief. Such entities provide significant capabilities to incident management and response efforts at all levels.

San Bernardino County Voluntary Organizations Active in Disasters (SBCOVOAD) is a community network of independent membership organizations that serve as a lifeline to share knowledge throughout a disaster. VOAD Members work to help communities prepare, be in response, recover from, and mitigate these tough times. More information: https://sbcountyvoad.org/

4.25 BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY
City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) Lead and Support Departments coordinate with the private sector to share information; form plans of action and incorporate resources into preparedness and response efforts.

Roles: The private sector's roles, responsibilities, and participation during incidents of local or regional significance vary based on the organization's nature and the type and impact of the incident. The roles of private-sector organizations are summarized below.

Impacted business organizations and infrastructure private sector organizations may be affected by direct or indirect consequences of the incident, including privately owned critical infrastructure, key resources, and those private sector organizations that are significant to local, regional, and national economic recovery from the incident. Examples of privately owned infrastructure may include transportation, telecommunications, private utilities, financial institutions, and hospitals.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
142
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Private sector organizations provide response resources (donated or compensated) during an incident, including specialized teams, essential service providers, equipment, and advanced technologies, through local public-private emergency plans, mutual aid agreements, or incident-specific requests from the government, the private sector, or volunteer initiatives.

Regulated and Responsible Party Owners and Operators of certain regulated facilities or hazardous operations may bear responsibilities under the law for preparing for and preventing incidents from occurring and responding to an incident once it occurs.

Responsibilities: Private sector organizations support the City’s EOP - voluntarily or to comply with applicable laws and regulations - by sharing information with the government, identifying risks, performing vulnerability assessments, and developing emergency response and business continuity plans. Additionally, they may enhance their overall readiness, implement appropriate prevention and protection programs, and donate or otherwise provide goods and services through contractual arrangements or government purchases to assist in response to and recovery from an incident.

Response resources: Unless the response role is inherently governmental (e.g., law enforcement, fire rescue, or public works), private sector organizations are encouraged to develop and maintain capabilities to respond to and manage a complete range of incidents and emergencies. The City of Big Bear Lake interacts regularly with the critical infrastructure and key resources industries to coordinate prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery activities. When appropriate, private sector representatives are included in emergency planning, training, and exercises.

Functional coordination: The Lead Department(s) for each Emergency Support Function (ESF) maintains working relations with its associated private sector counterparts through partnerships or other means. (e.g., ESF #1 – Transportation:
transportation personnel and equipment through the region’s transportation committees, organizations, and relationships)
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
143
EOP Part 1| September 2025

4.26 SCHOOLS, COLLEGES, AND UNIVERSITIES
In California, schools (K-12) are required to have a disaster plan, hold periodic drop, cover, and hold drills, and hold educational and training programs for students and staff.

Preparedness activities often include:
▪ Identify hazards likely to affect schools.
▪ Mitigate the likely hazards.
▪ Develop a response plan, including evacuation routes. ▪ Plan for coping and sustaining students and staff after a disaster. ▪ Implement drills and family education programs.

Schools (K-12), colleges and universities must take action to train students and staff on proper emergency response procedures, educate student families on the schools' plans and procedures during and immediately following an emergency, and plan for sustaining students and staff following a major disaster. Another important consideration is the student release procedure following an emergency. This involves considering what circumstances, when, and how to release students back to responsible persons following or during an emergency.

In addition to their preparedness role, schools, colleges, and universities are often used in emergency response by sheltering and housing evacuated persons during a disaster. To accomplish this important emergency function, the City of Big Bear Lake, schools, colleges, universities, and the San Bernardino County Chapter of the American Red Cross coordinate closely.

4.27 FAITH-BASED ORGANIZATIONS
Following a disaster, many people and organizations often respond immediately.

A significant role of faith community response is addressing those needs other disaster responders cannot provide. "Unmet Needs" refers to basic life-sustaining needs for which there is no immediately accessible resource. The needs identified in the early hours or days of a disaster will be much different than those identified in the weeks and months following the disaster. Response and support organizations generally provide other services in the varied phases of the emergency or disaster, including emergency response, emergency relief, shortterm recovery, and long-term recovery phases following a disaster.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
144
EOP Part 1| September 2025
First responders provide much of the immediate services needed during the emergency phase. Their primary tasks are to get people to safety, administer emergency medical care, and restore order. Other response agencies may include the American Red Cross, the Salvation Army, and other community-based organizations. Services provided will depend upon the need but may include food, water, shelter, medical supplies, clothing, transportation, security, debris removal, and other specialized services.

As the immediate emergency subsides and the community moves into the stabilizing phase of relief and initial recovery, assistance may be offered in the form of material goods, volunteers, services such as debris removal or assessment, and other assistance programs. When the impact of the disaster is such that it outstrips the capability of the local community to respond and adequately recover, additional assistance may come to the community in the form of state and federal governmental programs, other voluntary agencies, and upper levels of faith-based disaster response organizations.

Coordinated and collaborative recovery efforts lead to the best possible recovery outcomes for disaster survivors. These often involve a community-based effort including secular, voluntary, and faith-based participants, or a faith-based recovery program alone. The scope of the disaster, its identified needs, resources, and available or interested participants are likely the most influential forces in determining the structure of the long-term recovery mechanism. Usually, the most sustainable structure is organically created by residents in the affected community.

Following a disaster, the recovery response will often be vast and, at times, overwhelming. The response must be coordinated and collaborative and serve the affected people's and community's long-term recovery needs. For complete recovery following a disaster, the faith-based community must not only be involved at the onset but committed to its role as a conduit of resources and advocacy for the long-term recovery process. Faith-based community organizations, churches, other religious groups, and other agencies can work together to ensure the most complete recovery following a disaster. Within a preplanned and cohesive community disaster recovery organization, they can most effectively ensure that needs are identified and addressed without wasteful duplication of services. When large numbers of marginalized people have been City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
145
EOP Part 1| September 2025
affected by a disaster, the faith-based community organization can significantly contribute to the disaster response and long-term recovery.

All departments and employees have a role during emergency response and recovery operations. Additionally, all City employees are considered Disaster Service Workers (DSW), per CA Government Code Title I, § 3100, and may be pressed into service during proclaimed or declared disasters.

The City of Big Bear Lake’s emergency operations, organizational structure, and support functions are organized according to the California Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) and National Incident Management System (NIMS) concepts and principles.

THIS SECTION IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
146
EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
147
EOP Part 1| September 2025

5.0 DIRECTION AND CONTROL

5.1 DIRECTOR OF EMERGENCY SERVICES/ASSISTANT

DIRECTOR OF EMERGENCY SERVICES
The responsibility for emergency management in the city rests with the City Manager, who serves as the Director of Emergency Services for the City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Organization. The Emergency Organization consists of various functions described in the SEMS regulations, further described in Part 2 of this plan.

The City Manager has delegated the day-to-day emergency management tasks to other segments of the city's Emergency Organization, including the City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Department.

The City Manager/Director of Emergency Services is responsible for the coordinated delivery of all emergency services (public, volunteer, and private) during a natural, technological, or national security emergency or disaster situation. The Assistant City Manager, who serves as the Assistant Director of Emergency Services also has the authority to implement this plan and to coordinate city-level emergency operations through the regularly constituted governmental structure.

5.2 CITY EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (EOC)
In an emergency or disaster, the emergency management functions of the City of Big Bear Lake government will be carried out from the City Emergency Operations Center (EOC) located at City Hall 39707 Big Bear Boulevard. Should the primary EOC become inoperative, isolated, or unusable, the EOC Manager will issue relocation instructions to the City Emergency Organization to prepare and activate the Alternate City EOC located at City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Yard 42040 Garstin Drive.

5.3 DEPARTMENT DIRECTION
Each City of Big Bear Lake department will be under the general control of its Department Director or Department Head or through their designated emergency representative. Department or outside agency representatives represent their department or agency as the Lead, Support, or Coordinating Department for an Emergency Support Function (ESF) and as a department or agency representative City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
148
EOP Part 1| September 2025
to the EOC. The emergency representative will be empowered to make decisions and expend resources (personnel, materials, supplies, equipment, facilities, and funds) to provide operational or logistical support to City of Big Bear Lake departments, county, state, and special district governments during any extraordinary emergency or disaster.

5.4 LOCAL CONTROL
Local governments are responsible for emergency management within their jurisdiction under all applicable laws, executive orders, proclamations, rules, regulations, and ordinances. The city will manage emergency incidents and disasters within the City of Big Bear Lake from initial response to final recovery activities. Per the California Emergency Services Act, Title 2, Division 1, Chapter 7, Article 11-Mutual Aid, Section 8618, the City of Big Bear Lake shall remain in charge of any incident requiring mutual aid, including the direction of personnel and equipment provided through mutual aid.

Note: Mutual aid resources rendered under one of the State’s mutual aid plans or programs remain under the operational control of the respective discipline and designated Incident Commander.

5.5 EOC RESPONSE
Upon activating the City of Big Bear Lake EOC, city departments will ensure the necessary personnel and resources are available for emergency response and recovery. Department and agency representatives should bring or have prepositioned plans, procedures, resource inventories, supplies, and notification lists needed to facilitate emergency or disaster operations from the EOC.

5.6 CITY MANAGER AUTHORITY
During a proclaimed local emergency incident or disaster in the City of Big Bear Lake, the City Manager/Director of Emergency Services has complete control and full authority to assign emergency resources from the City of Big Bear Lake, special districts, non-governmental organizations, volunteer entities, and private parties to save lives, reduce human suffering, protect property, and expedite recovery.

This authority is described in Municipal Code Chapter 2.24.60 – Director and Assistant Director of Emergency Services Powers and Duties.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
149
EOP Part 1| September 2025

5.7 ON-SCENE CONTROL
An incident command structure from an Incident Command Post (ICP) directs and controls on-scene tactical activities. This control may support single incidents, incident sites as part of a series of city-wide emergency events, complex incidents, or an Area Command structure. The EOC or DOCs do not direct onscene tactical activities, rather they support them.

5.8 EOC COORDINATION
The City Emergency Operations Center (EOC) will coordinate response and recovery to city-wide events, extraordinary emergencies, and disasters.

5.9 DOC COORDINATION
If activated, the management and coordination of department-level response and recovery activities to city-wide events, extraordinary emergencies, and disasters will be directed from Department Operations Centers (DOCs). The City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Department maintains a Department Operations Center.

5.10 EOC ORGANIZATION
The EOC Organization and structure is based upon functional roles and responsibilities essential to multi-agency/multi-jurisdictional coordination, resource and information management, and operational support to other SEMS levels. The EOC Organization is consistent with local government SEMS organization and utilizes the elements common to the Incident Command System modified for EOC use. Collectively, the Sections, Branches, and Units of the EOC Organization are responsible for executing the Emergency Support Functions (ESF) of the Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) based on the EOC Action Plan developed for each unique emergency incident or disaster.

The City of Big Bear Lake EOC is organized using a hybrid of State SEMS, State Emergency Support Functions (ESF), and Federal Emergency Support Functions (ESF).

The City of Big Bear Lake Public Works maintains the EOC. The City Emergency Operations Manager and city Departments activate the EOC at the direction and concurrence of the City Manager as the Director of Emergency Services. The EOC activation criteria may be found in Section 3.0 of this plan.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
150
EOP Part 1| September 2025
The City of Big Bear Lake EOC Organizational Chart is depicted below.

5.11 FIELD AND EOC DIRECTION AND CONTROL INTERFACE
Close coordination and constant interface between Field Command and the EOC are essential for effective and efficient field emergency response and EOC support in emergency response and operations.

Close coordination and constant interface are required for jurisdictional priority setting, policy decisions, deployment and application of operational assets, assignment and tracking of logistical resources, operational planning, and the application of and tracking of financial costs.

Field/EOC direction and control interface may be achieved and maintained by using one or all of the following tactics:
 EOC Representative assigned to the ICP.

City of Big Bear Lake
EOC Organizational Chart
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
151
EOP Part 1| September 2025
 EOC Representative attends ICP Operations Briefings.
 ICP Representative attends EOC Operations Briefings.
 EOC Action Plans coordinated and shared with ICP.
 ICP Incident Action Plans coordinated and shared with EOC.  EOC Situation Reports shared with ICP.
 ICP Situation Reports shared with EOC.

5.12 FIELD COORDINATION WITH DOCS AND EOCS
Close coordination and constant interface between Field Command, the EOC, and the DOCs are essential for effective and efficient emergency response and EOC and DOC support of emergency response and operations. Close coordination and constant interface are required for jurisdictional priority setting, policy decisions, deployment and application of operational assets, assignment and tracking of logistical resources, operational planning, and the use of and tracking of financial costs.

Department Operation Centers (DOC) should directly support their field forces and coordinate operational activities with the EOC Operations Section.

Department Operation Centers (DOC) should support the EOC by sharing information and assigning operational forces and logistical resources.

Jurisdictional priority setting remains the responsibility of the EOC. In coordination with the EOC, department-level priority setting is the responsibility of DOCs.

The following city departments maintain Department Operations Centers (DOCs):
▪ City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Department
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
152
EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS SECTION IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

6.0 CONTINUITY OF GOVERNMENT

6.1 CONTINUITY OF GOVERNMENT
The Continuity of Government concept comprises three elements:

1. Standby Officers for the Governing Body

2. Temporary Seat of Government

3. Preservation of Vital Records
Continuity of operations, not the subject of this Emergency Operations Plan (EOP), consists of many additional operational, logistical, and procedural elements.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
153
EOP Part 1| September 2025
A major disaster could result in the death or injury of key government officials, the partial or complete destruction of established seats of government, and the destruction of public and private records essential to government operations.

Government at all levels is responsible for providing continuity of effective leadership and authority, direction of emergency operations, and management of recovery operations. To this end, the City of Big Bear Lake must continue functioning as a governmental entity during and immediately following a critical incident or disaster. The California Government Code and the Constitution of California provide the authority for state and local government to reconstitute if key officials are unavailable or unable to serve.

6.2 DIRECTOR OF EMERGENCY SERVICES
The Municipal Code provides for a Director of Emergency Services, Assistant Director of Emergency Services, and Deputy Director of Emergency Services.

Should the Director of Emergency Services be unable to serve, the positions defined in Municipal Code, Chapter 2.24, Section 2.24.050 will automatically succeed in the order identified until a permanent successor has been appointed by the City Council and seated. The Assistant Director and Deputy Director will have all the authority and powers of the Director.

6.3 SUCCESSION OF OFFICERS
California Government Code (CGC) § 8638, Article 15, Part 7, Division 1, Title 2 allows for the appointment of up to three standby officers for each governing body member. This article also provides for the succession of officers who head departments responsible for maintaining law and order or furnishing public health and safety services. Additionally, Article 15 outlines procedures to ensure the continued functioning of political subdivisions if the governing body, including standby officers, is unavailable or unable to serve. The standby officers shall have the same authority and powers as the regular officers or department heads. The succession list consistent with CGC Article 15, and as provided for by the City of Big Bear Lake, is on file with the City Clerk.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
154
EOP Part 1| September 2025

6.4 LINES OF SUCCESSION
The following staff positions are key to emergency operations. The city has identified standby officers if a member is unavailable or unable to serve during a proclaimed emergency or disaster. Emergency interim lines of succession are identified in separate city policies and procedures. The succession list consistent with this section, provided for by the City of Big Bear Lake, is on file with the City Clerk.

For purposes of this plan, emergency interim successors serve for the duration of the emergency and until the city can place interim, acting, or permanent successors through regular and customary city procedures.

The positions (key positions) identified as necessitating emergency interim successors include:
a) City Manager
b) Assistant City Manager/City Clerk
c) Assistant City Manager/Director of Public Works
d) City Attorney
e) Chief Building Official
f) Emergency Operations Manager (collateral assigned responsibility) As used in this plan, the word 'unavailable' means that a department head or other key city official is either killed, missing, so seriously injured, or unavailable that they cannot attend meetings or otherwise perform their duties. The City Manager/Director of Emergency Services will settle any question as to whether a particular member is unavailable.

For the purpose of this plan, each person who will temporarily succeed to each position of office as provided herein and as provided for in continuity plans will temporarily assume all the powers and duties of the office succeeded to immediately upon such succession.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
155
EOP Part 1| September 2025

6.5 RECONSTITUTING GOVERNMENT
California Government Code § 8635 et seq., Article 15, Part 7, Division 1, Title 2, establishes a method for reconstituting the governing body. It authorizes that, should all members, including all standby officers, be unavailable, temporary officers shall be appointed by the Chairman of the Board of the county where the political subdivisions are located or by the Chairman of the Board of any other county within 150 miles. California Government Code § 8642 of Article 15 authorizes local governing bodies to convene as soon as possible whenever a state of emergency or local emergency exists and at a place not necessarily within the political subdivision. Under Article 15, the duties of a governing body during emergencies include ascertaining the damage to the jurisdiction and its personnel and property, reconstituting itself and any subdivisions, and performing functions in preserving law and order and furnishing local services.

The City of Big Bear Lake maintains continuity of operations policies and procedures. Each Lead City Department within this EOP should also do so.

6.6 PRESERVATION OF VITAL RECORDS
The City of Big Bear Lake City Clerk’s Office is responsible for preserving and protecting vital records. Each department will identify, maintain, and protect its vital records. Vital records are those essential to the rights and interests of individuals, governments, corporations, and other entities, including vital statistics, land and tax records, license registers, and historical information. Vital records include those essential for emergency response and recovery operations, including utility system maps, emergency supplies, equipment locations, emergency operational plans, emergency procedures, and personnel rosters.

These vital records are essential to re-establishing normal city government functions and serve to protect the rights and interests of government. These rights and interests may include the city's constitutions, charters, statutes, ordinances, court records, official proceedings, and financial records.

The city will identify and make arrangements to protect records essential for continuing government functions, conducting emergency operations, and reconstituting government. The City Clerk’s Office maintains official city documents and records. These records are archived or vaulted by a schedule administered by the City Clerk. The City Clerk’s Office coordinates with other departments to maintain a records retention program.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
156
EOP Part 1| September 2025

6.7 SUCCESSION OF COMMAND AND CITY COUNCIL
Succession of Command. The emergency interim line of succession for the Director of Emergency Services is the Assistant City Manager, and those as allowed in the City of Big Bear Lake Municipal Code Chapter 2.24.050. The emergency interim line of succession to each department head is according to the operating procedures established by each department and is identified in the city’s continuity of operations policies and procedures.

Succession of City Council. The emergency interim succession of the City Council is permitted by California Government Code § 8638 et seq., Article 15, Part 7, Division 1, Title 2 states: To provide for the continuance of the legislative and executive departments of the political subdivision during a state of war emergency or a state of emergency or a local emergency, the governing body thereof shall have the power to appoint the following standby officers:
(a) Three for each member of the governing body.
(b) Three for the chief executive if he is not a member of the governing body.

If a standby office becomes vacant because of removal, death, resignation, or other cause, the governing body shall have the power to appoint another person to fill said office. Standby officers shall be designated Nos. 1, 2, and 3, as the case may be.

6.8 ALTERNATE SEAT OF GOVERNMENT
The City’s primary seat of government is located at Civic Center - City Hall 39707 Big Bear Boulevard.

If the Civic Center - City Hall cannot be occupied due to an emergency, the alternate location is the Public Works City Corporation Yard 42040 Garstin Drive.

The City of Big Bear Lake also maintains virtual and remote work capabilities.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
157
EOP Part 1| September 2025
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
158
EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
159
EOP Part 1| September 2025

7.0 ADMINISTRATION AND LOGISTICS

7.1 ADMINISTRATION
During an emergency or disaster, local government will determine what, if any, routine administrative procedures will be suspended, relaxed, or made optional to prevent unnecessary impediments to emergency operations and recovery activities. Such an action should be carefully considered, and the consequences projected. Any departure from usual business methods will typically be stated in the Director of Emergency Services Proclamation of Local Emergency or as specified in the Emergency Operations Center (EOC) Action Plan. The City of Big Bear Lake's continuity of operations policies and procedures should be consulted in deciding what if any, routine administrative procedures will be suspended, relaxed, or made optional.

7.2 FINANCE DURING DISASTER
A major emergency or disaster may require the expenditure of large sums of local funds. Financial operations may be carried out under compressed schedules and intense political pressures, requiring expeditious actions that meet sound financial management and accountability requirements.

7.2.1 EMERGENCY FUNDS
Financial support for emergency response and recovery operations will generally be from funds regularly appropriated to the City of Big Bear Lake departments. If the demands exceed available funds, the City Manager may make additional funds available from Reserve Emergency Funds. In that case, the City Manager has the authority under a Local Proclamation of Local Emergency to transfer and expend money appropriated for other purposes. Emergency expenditures will be made in accordance with the City of Big Bear Lake Municipal Code Chapter

2.24.060 – Director and Assistant Director Powers and Duties unless otherwise authorized by other city policy or emergency actions.

7.2.2 DISASTER COST ACCOUNTING
The City of Big Bear Lake Finance Division identifies and oversees the disaster cost accounting system and associated procedures.

Departments designated as Lead Departments for Emergency Functions conducting emergency support activities will be responsible for organizing their City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
160
EOP Part 1| September 2025
functional activities to provide financial support for their operations. Each department is responsible for maintaining adequate documentation to support reimbursement requests, submitting bills in a timely fashion, tracking emergency personnel time and equipment rates and charges, monitoring contractor costs, and closing out personnel and equipment assignments.

Departments are responsible for documenting all emergency or disaster-related expenditures using generally accepted accounting practices and procedures. Care must be taken to maintain detailed logs, records, receipts, invoices, purchase orders, rental agreements, and other financial records. Particularly important is documenting the justification for each expenditure. These documents will be necessary to support claims, purchases, reimbursements, and disbursements.

Detailed and accurate record-keeping is essential to facilitating closeouts and supporting post-recovery audits.

7.3 LOGISTICS
The Public Works Department, in coordination with other departments and external organizations, will facilitate logistical support for city-wide emergency operations (e.g., provide supplies and equipment) and, if required, sleeping, and feeding facilities for the Emergency Operations Center (EOC) staff.

The EOC maintains the following logistics and resource databases:
 Roster of typed resources maintained by departments.
 Roster of vendor-provided emergency equipment and supplies.  Roster of emergency management credentialed personnel.  Roster of city emergency facilities.
 Roster of city personnel.
 Expendable emergency supplies.
 Emergency sustenance for EOC staff.

In EOC activations, a Logistics Section may be established. The EOC Logistics Section will coordinate resources, facilities, equipment, supplies, and services to support the emergency response. The EOC Logistics Section will work closely with any Department Operations Center (DOC) and Incident Command Post (ICP) City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
161
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Logistics Sections that have been established. During emergencies and disasters, departments will implement resource control procedures and determine resource availability of essential equipment and supplies. Resource lists and databases maintained by departments should be kept current and maintained at the EOC.

Emergency Operations staff and the Director of Emergency Services will be advised of any anticipated resource shortfalls during an emergency or disaster.

Departments should maintain current lists and databases of locally available resources, their locations, and procurement processes. Departments should also maintain lists and databases of out-of-area available resources should the local area resources not be available during an emergency or disaster. The database should include public and private equipment, personnel with specialized technical skills, facilities, emergency supplies, and services that may be needed during an emergency.

In advance of or upon the impending onset of an emergency event, departments should conduct just-in-time updates of resource lists and databases and move them to the EOC before the impact or arrival of the event.

7.4 EMERGENCY FACILITIES
The City of Big Bear Lake, and that of external public safety agencies, maintains several facilities that support emergency and disaster operations. These facilities each serve a unique and independent critical function, though they depend on each other to fulfill a broad spectrum of emergency response and recovery activities.

7.4.1 PUBLIC SAFETY COMMUNICATIONS CENTERS
The city does not maintain public safety dispatch capabilities. External service agencies providing public safety services maintain their own public safety dispatching capabilities and associated dispatch centers.

These include:

Fire-rescue and emergency medical services (EMS) are dispatched from the CONFIRE Communications Center (Comm Center) from:

CONFIRE COMMUNICATIONS CENTER
1743 Miro Way
Rialto, CA 92376
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
162
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Local law enforcement services provided by the San Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department (SBCSD) are dispatched from:

SBCSD DISPATCH CENTER
1771 Miro Way
Rialto, CA 92376
California Highway Patrol (CHP) services for the Big Bear area are dispatched from:

CHP INLAND COMMUNICATIONS CENTER
13892 Victoria Street
Fontana, CA 92336

7.4.2 DEPARTMENT OPERATIONS CENTERS
A Department Operations Center (DOC) is a coordination center utilized by a distinct discipline, such as fire, police, public works, or public utilities, to coordinate a department’s field-level response to an emergency and to support the Emergency Operations Center (EOC). The First Response Departments for the city (Public Works) maintain a DOC and a suitable alternate DOC. A DOC is organized and staffed following the Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) and the National Incident Management System (NIMS). DOCs may be activated based on individual departmental needs or when the EOC requests.

DOCs coordinate the department-level operational response to single-discipline incidents (police, fire, public works) and coordinate with the city EOC during more complex emergencies.

The City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Department maintains a Department Operations Center.

Department Operations Centers are located at:

CITY OF BIG BEAR LAKE PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
42040 Garstin Drive
Big Bear, CA 92315

7.4.3 EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER
The City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Center (EOC) is where centralized emergency management is carried out during large-scale emergencies and disasters. Though managed by the Public Works Department, the EOC is City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
163
EOP Part 1| September 2025
staffed and supported by representatives of most city departments. It is organized and staffed consistent with SEMS and NIMS. During a major emergency or disaster, the EOC manages and coordinates the city's response and recovery.

Considered the city’s most critical facility during a disaster, the EOC maintains backup and redundant systems and equipment to support continuous emergency operations even during the worst of conditions. The EOC must be kept in a constant state of readiness with the ability to be activated during an emergency or immediately following the impact of a disaster. The City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Department is responsible for maintaining the readiness of the Emergency Operations Center.

The City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operation Center is located at the Civic Center-City Hall Building:

PRIMARY EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (PEOC)
City of Big Bear Lake Civic Center-City Hall Building
39707 Big Bear Boulevard
Big Bear, CA 92315

7.4.4 ALTERNATE EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER
The City of Big Bear Lake has designated an Alternate Emergency Operations Center (AEOC) at The Public Works Department/City Corporation Yard.

ALTERNATE EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (AEOC)
City of Big Bear Lake Public Works Department
42040 Garstin Drive
Big Bear, CA 92315

7.4.5 MOBILE EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER
The City of Big Bear Lake does not maintain a standalone Mobile Emergency Operations Center (MEOC).

7.4.6 JOINT INFORMATION CENTER
The Joint Information Center (JIC) is a location where staff from various organizations with public information responsibilities can co-locate to perform critical emergency public information, crisis communications, and public affairs functions. The JIC for the city is co-located with the Emergency Operations Center City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
164
EOP Part 1| September 2025
(EOC). The JIC develops, coordinates, and disseminates unified news releases, coordinates press conferences, facilitates media interviews and tours, monitors media sources for accuracy of incident-related information, and coordinates all other public information activities. Representatives within the JIC are responsible for coordinating public information from their department or agency and facilitating the flow of incident public information back to their department or agency. The JIC may establish a Media Center where media members can stage to receive incident information.

The JIC coordinates public information with affected departments, agencies, and other levels of government. News releases are cleared through the EOC Director to ensure consistent messages, avoid the release of conflicting information, and prevent negative impacts on operations. This formal approval process for news releases protects law enforcement-sensitive information or other sensitive information.

Departments and outside agencies may issue news releases related to their policies, procedures, programs, and capabilities; however, these should be coordinated with the JIC. The JIC may have representatives from other jurisdictions or levels of government to ensure the adequacy and availability of information and maintain the consistency of public information.

The JIC focuses on delivering one synchronized message by the incident's agencies and jurisdictions.

7.4.7 INCIDENT COMMAND POST
The Incident Command Post (ICP) is the field location where the primary tacticallevel, on-scene incident command functions are performed. The ICP signifies the site of the on-scene tactical-level incident command and management organization. The ICP typically comprises the Incident Commander (IC) and Command Staff. It may include other incident management officials, responders, public agency representatives, private-sector representatives, and nongovernmental organizations.

Typically, the ICP is located at or near the incident site and is focused on directing on-scene tactical operations. Incident action planning is conducted at the ICP, which will also include mobile command and communications equipment.

Significant and complex incidents require a close ICP-to-EOC interface, City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
165
EOP Part 1| September 2025
communications, and coordination. Regardless of discipline or incident type, incident management activities are conducted using the Incident Command System organizational structure and action-planning process.

7.4.8 STAGING AREA
A Staging Area may be established as a temporary holding location for assigned resources. Staging Areas are established by the Incident Commander or Operations Section Chief to enable the positioning of and accounting for resources assigned, though not having an immediate operational task on an incident. A Staging Area is any location where personnel, supplies, and equipment can be temporarily positioned while awaiting an operational assignment.

Generally, staging areas are established when emergency resources are required to support an emergency incident; however, they are not immediately needed for an assignment.

To ensure these resources are immediately available for emergency assignment, they will be brought into a safe and proximal location to the incident to await an assignment. City departments that respond to an emergency incident will often be directed to either the Incident Command Post (ICP) or a Staging Area.

Resources, personnel, or mobile equipment assigned to a Staging Area must:

1. Have a means of communication with the ICP.

2. Remain ready and able to respond outside of the staging area within three minutes.

7.4.9 MOBILIZATION CENTER
A Mobilization Center is an off-incident location where emergency service personnel and equipment are temporarily located pending assignment to incidents, release, or reassignment. It is similar to a Staging Area, though it is generally activated and managed by the Emergency Operations Center (EOC). The EOC may establish a Mobilization Center to support significant emergencies and disasters, serving as a mobilization point for mutual aid resources.

Unlike Staging Areas, Mobilization Centers are designed to support sustained operations during significant incidents and often include fuel, food, and supplies.

Several Staging Areas could be established during a major emergency affecting the City of Big Bear Lake. However, only one Mobilization Center will likely be City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
166
EOP Part 1| September 2025
established. A Mobilization Center may also be used when assembling city resources for out-of-area or out-of-region emergency assignments.

7.4.10 EVACUATION RECEPTION CENTER
An Evacuation Reception Center is where the public temporarily gathers when displaced from their home, school, or business. Here, evacuated people will either remain until the incident concludes or move to a mass care center or shelter. An Evacuation Reception Center should be established in a safe and comfortable place to provide disaster survivors and evacuees a space where they are provided temporary relief from an emergency. An Evacuation Reception Center may be established when the incident is of short duration, when overnight survivor assistance is not required, or when a shelter is not needed. Sometimes, an Evacuation Reception Center will be used until a fully operational Shelter can be set up. An Evacuation Reception Center is often used as a solution in short-term incidents since it may take four or more hours to fully set up a Shelter.

7.4.11 SHELTER
A Shelter is a facility that provides temporary care for individuals and families who have been evacuated or displaced from their homes, schools, or businesses by an emergency or disaster. Unlike an Evacuation Reception Center, a Shelter provides sleeping accommodations. Evacuation Reception Centers may be established in conjunction with a Shelter. Public Shelters are a refuge for those seeking temporary safety from a disaster or emergency. People going to public Shelters are doing so because they have been evacuated or displaced and need a safe and comfortable place to gather temporarily. Shelters offer minimal necessities and are not intended to replace other options for displaced people, such as staying with friends or family or staying in hotels and motels. People evacuating to a Shelter are encouraged to bring necessities such as blankets, pillows, toiletries, and snacks. Opening a Shelter requires planning, heavy logistical needs, significant staffing resources, shower and restroom facilities, sleeping accommodations, medical and mental health care availability, and security services.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
167
EOP Part 1| September 2025

7.5 MUTUAL AID

7.5.1 MUTUAL AID AGREEMENTS
No single local jurisdiction has all the personnel, equipment, and supplies to cope with a major emergency or disaster. Additional assistance may be obtained through mutual aid agreements that provide for obtaining resources from nonimpacted, inter or intra-jurisdictional governmental agencies and other organizations. Mutual aid agreements are essential to emergency management planning, response, and recovery activities. These agreements can significantly increase the availability of critical resources and improve response and recovery efforts.

California's emergency assistance is based on a statewide mutual aid system designed to provide additional resources to the state’s political subdivisions whenever their own resources are overwhelmed or inadequate. The basis for this system is the California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement (MMAA), which is entered into by and between the State of California, its various departments and agencies, and the various political subdivisions, municipal corporations, public agencies, and federally recognized Tribes to assist each other by providing resources during an emergency.

Mutual Aid assistance in California is provided through the following authorities:
▪ California Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement
▪ California Fire and Rescue Mutual Aid Plan
▪ California Urban Search and Rescue (US&R) Mutual Aid Plan ▪ California State Mutual Aid Pre-Position Program
▪ California Law Enforcement Mutual Aid Plan
▪ California Search and Rescue Mutual Aid Plan
▪ California Coroner Mutual Aid Plan
▪ California Public Health and Medical Assistance
▪ California Emergency Managers Mutual Aid (EMMA)
▪ California Public Works Mutual Aid Agreement
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
168
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Interstate Mutual Aid assistance is provided through the following authorities:
▪ Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Public Law 100-705)
▪ Interstate Civil Defense and Disaster Compact
▪ Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC)

7.5.2 MUTUAL AID COORDINATION
Mutual Aid systems work through designated Mutual Aid Coordinators at the local agency, operational area (OA), regional, and state levels. Mutual Aid Coordinators receive requests, coordinate the provision of resources within their geographic area of responsibility, and pass on unfilled requests to the next level of coordination.

7.5.3 MUTUAL AID AREAS
Mutual Aid Region; Operational Area:
(a) A “mutual aid region” is a subdivision of the state emergency services organization established to facilitate the coordination of mutual aid and other emergency operations within an area of the state consisting of two or more county operational areas.
(b) An “operational area” is an intermediate level of the state emergency services organization consisting of a county and all political subdivisions within the county area.

7.5.4 MASTER MUTUAL AID AGREEMENT
“Master Mutual Aid Agreement” means the California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement, made and entered into by and between the State of California, its various departments and agencies, and the various political subdivisions of the state.

7.5.5 MUTUAL AID LEGISLATIVE PURPOSE
The legislative purpose of the Master Mutual Aid Agreement and related mutual aid systems is to facilitate the rendering of aid to areas stricken by an emergency and to make unnecessary the execution of written agreements customarily entered into by public agencies exercising joint powers. Emergency plans duly adopted and approved as provided by the Governor shall be effective as satisfying City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
169
EOP Part 1| September 2025
the requirement for mutual aid operational plans provided in the Master Mutual Aid Agreement.

7.5.6 OUTSIDE AID
Each party agrees to furnish resources and facilities and to render services to each and every other party to this agreement to prevent and combat any disaster in accordance with duly adopted mutual aid operational plans, whether heretofore or hereafter adopted, detailing the method and manner by which such resources, facilities, and services are to be made available and furnished, which operational plans may include provisions for training and testing to make such mutual aid effective; provided, however, that no party shall be required to deplete its resources, facilities, and services unreasonably in furnishing such mutual aid.

Source: California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement.

7.5.7 EXERCISE OF MUTUAL AID POWERS IN NON-EMERGENCY

PERIODS
In periods other than a State of War Emergency, a State of Emergency, or a Local Emergency, state agencies, and political subdivisions have the authority to exercise mutual aid powers in accordance with the Master Mutual Aid Agreement and local ordinances, resolutions, agreements, or plans thereof.

7.5.8 LOCAL CONTROL
Local officials will remain in charge of incidents requiring mutual aid.

Unless otherwise expressly provided by the parties, the responsible local official in whose jurisdiction an incident requiring mutual aid has occurred shall remain in charge at such incident, including the direction of personnel and equipment provided to him through mutual aid.

Source: California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement.

7.5.9 INTERSTATE AID AGREEMENTS
Reciprocal aid agreements with other states or federal government; consultation with local officials.

On behalf of a state, the Governor may enter into reciprocal aid agreements or compacts, mutual aid plans, or other interstate arrangements for protecting life and property with other states and the federal government, either statewide or City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
170
EOP Part 1| September 2025
on a political subdivision basis. Before committing the personnel, equipment, or facilities of any political subdivision of this state, the Governor shall consult with the chief executive or governing body of such political subdivision. Such mutual aid arrangements may include the furnishing or exchange of supplies, equipment, facilities, personnel, and services on such terms and conditions as are deemed necessary.

7.5.10 LOCAL MUTUAL AID PROVISIONS
In periods of Local Emergency, political subdivisions have full power to provide mutual aid to any affected area in accordance with local ordinances, resolutions, emergency plans, or agreements thereof.

7.5.11 STATE MUTUAL AID PROVISIONS
Provision of mutual aid by state agencies.

State agencies may provide mutual aid, including personnel, equipment, and other available resources, to assist political subdivisions during a Local Emergency or in accordance with mutual aid agreements or at the direction of the Governor.

7.5.12 MUTUAL AID CHARGES AGAINST THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA Costs incurred in executing mutual aid agreements as charged against the state.

In the absence of a State of War Emergency or State of Emergency, the cost of extraordinary services incurred by political subdivisions in executing mutual aid agreements shall constitute a legal charge against the state when approved by the Governor by orders and regulations promulgated as prescribed in Section 8567 of the California Government Code.

Source: California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
171
EOP Part 1| September 2025

7.5.13 CA MUTUAL AID SYSTEMS

CALIFORNIA MUTUAL AID PROGRAM

MUTUAL AID SYSTEMS AND CHANNELS OF STATEWIDE MUTUAL AID COORDINATION COORDINATED BY Cal OES COORDINATED BY
EMSA
Fire and Rescue Law Enforcement Emergency Services Disaster Medical/Health
Fire-Rescue
Mutual Aid
Coroner Mutual Aid Public Works Mutual Aid Disaster
Medical/Health
Mutual Aid
Urban Search
and Rescue
Mutual Aid
Law Enforcement
Mutual Aid
Water Agency Response
Network (WARN)
Search and Rescue
Mutual Aid (nonurban)
Emergency Managers
Mutual Aid

7.5.14 STATE MUTUAL AID REGIONS
The State of California is divided into six mutual aid regions and three administrative regions to coordinate mutual aid. The City of Big Bear Lake is in the Southern Administrative Region and Mutual Aid Region VI.

The image to the right shows State
Mutual Aid Regions.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
172
EOP Part 1| September 2025

7.5.15 DISCIPLINE-SPECIFIC MUTUAL AID COORDINATION
The statewide mutual aid system includes several discipline-specific mutual aid systems, including Fire and Rescue, Law Enforcement, and Emergency Managers.

To further facilitate the mutual aid process, particularly during day-to-day emergencies involving public safety agencies, Fire and Rescue and Law Enforcement Mutual Aid Coordinators have been selected and function at the operational area (OA), regional, and state levels. Regional Disaster Medical Health Coordinators have also been identified for each mutual aid region to coordinate medical mutual aid.

Mutual aid requests that do not fall into one of the discipline-specific mutual aid systems are handled through the Emergency Managers Mutual Aid (EMMA) Plan by emergency management staff at the local government, OA, regional, and state levels.

The image below shows Discipline-Specific Mutual Aid Systems.

Source: C.A. Emergency Plan 2023
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
173
EOP Part 1| September 2025

7.5.16 CITY MUTUAL AID PARTICIPATION
The City of Big Bear Lake participates, directly or indirectly through external service providers, in various California Mutual Aid Programs. Local participation is coordinated by the department or agency shown below:

CA MUTUAL AID PROGRAM RESPONSIBLE DEPARTMENT OR AGENCY
Fire & Rescue Big Bear Fire Authority
San Bernardino County Fire Protection District
Law Enforcement San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department California Highway Patrol
Public Works Public Works Department
Utilities Water & Electric Department of Water and Power External Utility Providers
Emergency Managers Mutual Aid Public Works Department
San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services

7.5.17 MUTUAL AID AGREEMENT RESPONSIBILITY
The City of Big Bear Lake participates in various state, federal, or industry Mutual Aid Plans as part of the Mutual Aid Programs identified in Section 7.1.5.16. Local participation is coordinated by the department or agency shown below:

MUTUAL AID PLAN RESPONSIBLE DEPARTMENT
California Master Mutual Aid
Agreement
City Manager’s Office
Fire and Rescue Mutual Aid Big Bear Lake Fire Authority San Bernardino County Fire Protection District
Law Enforcement Mutual Aid San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department California Highway Patrol
Coroner Mutual Aid San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department Water Agency Response Network
(WARN) Omnibus Mutual Aid
Agreement
Department of Water and Power
External Utility Providers
Utilities Mutual Aid Department of Water and Power
External Utility Providers
Public Works Mutual Aid Public Works Department
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
174
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Emergency Managers Mutual Aid
(EMMA)
Public Works Department
San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services

7.6 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE COMPACT
Since 2005, California has been a party to the Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC), a law in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands. EMAC allows states to share emergency response resources immediately during a disaster without wasting valuable time reaching agreements and developing contracts. This mutual aid compact enables California to receive and provide help among other states quickly during a disaster.

EMAC is the state's primary legal tool for immediately sending and receiving emergency personnel and equipment across state borders during a major disaster. Before adopting EMAC, the California Office of Emergency Services sometimes negotiated individual Governor-to-Governor agreements with other states while the disaster was ongoing.

EMAC is neither a federal agency nor part of the federal government. It is an agreement among 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands to provide assistance across state lines when a disaster occurs.

The Governor of the affected area must first declare a State of Emergency before it requests interstate emergency assistance. This request triggers the response from other EMAC-member states and sets the EMAC operations system of coordination and deployment in motion. EMAC gained national recognition in 2004 when four major hurricanes hit the U.S. in six weeks, precipitating the most extensive utilization of state-to-state mutual aid in the nation's history.

Established in 1996, Congress ratified EMAC and signed it into law as Public Law 104-321. It was the first national disaster relief compact to be ratified by Congress since the Civil Defense Compact of 1950. EMAC's members can share resources from all disciplines, protect personnel who deploy, and be reimbursed for mission-related costs. EMAC is administered by the National Emergency Management Association (NEMA).

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
175
EOP Part 1| September 2025

7.7 EMERGENCY PROMULGATIONS

7.7.1 DEFINITION OF LOCAL EMERGENCY
Definition of Local Emergency: "The duly proclaimed existence of conditions of disaster or extreme peril to the safety of persons and property within the territorial limits of a county, city, and county and city, caused by such conditions as air pollution, fire, flood, storm, epidemic, riot, drought, sudden and severe energy shortage, plant or animal infestation or disease, the Governor's warning of an earthquake or volcanic prediction, or an earthquake... or other conditions, other than conditions resulting from a labor controversy, which are or are likely to be beyond the control of the services, personnel, equipment, and facilities of that political subdivision and require the combined forces of other political subdivisions to combat…" Section 8558(c), Chapter 7 of Division 1 of Title 2 of the Government Code.

7.7.2 LOCAL EMERGENCY PROCLAMATIONS
The proclamation of a Local Emergency often provides the governing body with the legal authority to:
 Request that the Governor proclaim a State of Emergency;  Promulgate or suspend orders and regulations necessary to provide for the protection of life and property, including issuing orders or regulations imposing a curfew within designated boundaries;
 Provide mutual aid to any affected area in accordance with local ordinances, resolutions, emergency plans, or agreements;  Request state agencies and other jurisdictions to provide mutual aid; require the emergency services of any local official or employee; requisition necessary personnel and materials from any local department or agency;  Obtain vital supplies and equipment and commandeer the same for public use;
 Impose penalties for violation of lawful orders; and
 Conduct emergency operations without incurring legal liability for performance or failure of performance. (Note: Article 17 of the Emergency Services Act provides certain privileges and immunities.) City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
176
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Local Emergency Proclamations should be as specific as possible to the orders being issued and any assistance being requested from the state or federal government.

The City Clerk and the City Attorney should provide guidance in developing and issuing a Proclamation of Local Emergency.

7.7.3 DESIGNATED OFFICIALS WITH AUTHORITY TO ISSUE
The Director of Emergency Services, Assistant Director of Emergency, any designated Alternate Director of Emergency Services, and the City of Big Bear Lake City Council have the authority to issue a Proclamation of Local Emergency.

Whenever the Director of Emergency Services proclaims a Local Emergency, the City Council must ratify the proclamation within seven days, or the proclamation has no further force or effect (City Big Bear Lake Municipal Code Chapter 2.24.060 (A) (1).

7.7.4 SITUATIONS TRIGGERING PROCLAMATION OF LOCAL

EMERGENCY
A Local Proclamation of Emergency is recommended when:
 The event has or will exceed the capabilities and resources of the city.  The city will likely have to exercise extraordinary police powers.  The city will likely have to issue special orders or regulations to protect life and property.
 The proclamation is required to activate special purchasing agreements or spending authorities.
 The city will likely pursue state or federal response or recovery aid assistance.
 It is a prerequisite to requesting a county Emergency Proclamation, California Office of Emergency Services Director’s Concurrence, Governor’s Declaration of a State of Emergency, or a Presidential Declaration of Major Emergency or Disaster.
 The Director of Emergency Services or the City Council, recognizing the seriousness of the situation, wishes to assure the public through formal City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
177
EOP Part 1| September 2025
proclamation that the city is responding with all available resources to protect public health and safety.
 While not a trigger for a local emergency, the proclamation does "time stamp" the emergency or disaster for disaster record keeping and cost recovery purposes.

7.7.5 DEADLINES
The following are state mandated deadlines important to the proclamation process:

Issuance: Within ten days after a disaster if assistance will be requested through the California Disaster Assistance Act (CDAA).

Ratification: If issued by an official designated by ordinance, it must be ratified by the governing body within seven days.

Renewal: Reviewed at least every 60 days by the governing body until terminated.

Termination: At the earliest possible date that conditions warrant.

7.7.6 NOTIFICATION PROCESS
Local governments should notify the Operational Area (O.A.) and provide a copy of the emergency proclamation as soon as possible.
▪ The OA shall notify their Cal OES Region and provide a copy of the proclamation as soon as possible.
▪ The Cal OES Region will notify the Cal OES Director and Deputy Directors. It shall be the primary contact between the Cal OES Director, OA, and the local jurisdiction for updates on any requests for assistance. ▪ The Cal OES Director will respond in writing to the local government concerning the status of any requests for assistance included within the local proclamation or accompanying letter.

Note: A Local Emergency Proclamation or Governor’s Proclamation is not a prerequisite for mutual aid assistance, Red Cross assistance, the Federal Fire Management Assistance Grant Program, or federal disaster loan programs designated by the Small Business Administration or the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
178
EOP Part 1| September 2025

7.7.7 LEVELS OF DISASTER ASSISTANCE
DIRECTOR’S CONCURRENCE
Purpose
The CDAA authorizes the Cal OES Director to provide financial assistance to repair and restore damaged public facilities and infrastructure.

Deadline
Cal OES must receive a request from the local government within ten days of an incident.

Supporting Information Required
Local Emergency Proclamation, Initial Damage Estimate (IDE), and a request from the City Mayor, Administrative Officer, or County Board of Supervisors.

GOVERNOR’S PROCLAMATION
Purpose
Provides the Governor with powers authorized by the Emergency Services Act; authorizes the CalOES Director to provide financial relief for emergency actions and restoration of public facilities and infrastructure; is a prerequisite for requesting a federal declaration of a major disaster or emergency.

Deadline
Cal OES must receive a request from the local government within ten days of an incident.

Supporting Information Required
Local Emergency Proclamation, Initial Damage Estimate (IDE), and a request from the City Mayor, Administrative Officer, or County Board of Supervisors.

PRESIDENTIAL DECLARATION OF AN EMERGENCY
Purpose
Supports the response activities of the federal, state, and local governments.

Authorizes federal agencies to provide "essential" assistance, including debris removal, temporary housing, and the distribution of medicine, food, and other consumable supplies.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
179
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Deadline
The Governor must request federal emergency assistance on behalf of the local government within five days of the need becoming apparent.

Supporting Information Required
All of the supporting information required above, a Governor’s Proclamation, certification by the Governor that the response is beyond the capability of the state, confirmation that the Governor has executed the State’s emergency plan, information describing the state and local efforts, and identification of the specific type and extent of federal emergency assistance needed.

PRESIDENTIAL DECLARATION OF A MAJOR DISASTER
Purpose
Supports the response and recovery activities of the federal, state, and local government and disaster relief organizations. Authorizes implementation of some or all federal recovery programs, including public assistance, individual assistance, and hazard mitigation assistance.

Deadline
The Governor must request a federal declaration of a major disaster within 30 days of an incident.

Supporting Information Required
All of the supporting information required above, and the Governor’s Proclamation, certification by the Governor that the response is beyond the capability of the state, confirmation that the Governor has executed the State’s emergency plan, and identification of the specific type and extent of federal aid required.

7.7.8 FEDERAL AND STATE ASSISTANCE THAT REQUIRE

PROCLAMATIONS
Federal and State Disaster Assistance that require a Local Emergency Proclamation
Local Government Assistance
 Reimbursement of extraordinary emergency costs (e.g., overtime, debris removal, sandbagging).

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
180
EOP Part 1| September 2025
 Funds to repair damaged public facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, equipment, parks, public utilities).
 Hazard Mitigation Projects.

Individuals and Families Assistance
 Housing assistance, such as home repairs and temporary lodging or rental assistance.
 Damage to personal property and medical or dental expenses.  Disaster unemployment benefits.
 Crisis Counseling.

THIS SECTION IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
181
EOP Part 1| September 2025

7.7.9 SAMPLE LOCAL PROCLAMATION

SAMPLE LOCAL PROCLAMATION
WHEREAS, Ordinance No. _________ of the City/County of _____________ empowers the Director of Emergency Services* to proclaim the existence or threatened existence of a local emergency when said City/ County is affected or likely to be affected by a public calamity and the City Council/County Board of Supervisors is not in session, and;
WHEREAS, the Director of Emergency Services* of the City/County of _________does hereby find That conditions of extreme peril to the safety of persons and property have arisen within said city/county, caused by _____________________(fire, flood, storm, mudslides, torrential rain, wind, earthquake, drought, or other causes); which began on the ______the day of ________________, 20_____. and;
That these conditions are or are likely to be beyond the control of the services, personnel, equipment, and facilities of said City/County, and; That the City Council/County Board of Supervisors of the City/County of ________________ is not in session and cannot immediately be called into session;
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY PROCLAIMED that a local emergency now exists throughout said City/County, and;
IT IS FURTHER PROCLAIMED AND ORDERED that during the existence of said local emergency, the powers, functions, and duties of the emergency organization of this City/County shall be those prescribed by state law, by ordinances, and resolutions of this City/County, and; That this emergency proclamation shall expire in 7 days after issuance unless confirmed and ratified by the governing body of the City/County of __________________________________.

Dated: __________________________ By: _____________________________ Director of Emergency Services*
Name_________________________ (Print)

Address____________________________
*Insert appropriate title and governing body
Note: A city may not need to proclaim a local emergency if the county has already proclaimed an emergency that applies to the entire geographic county area or to a specific area that includes the impacted city or cities.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
182
EOP Part 1| September 2025

7.7.10 REQUEST FOR CALIFORNIA DISASTER ASSISTANCE FUNDING Request for California Disaster Assistance Act (CDAA) Funding in a Local Emergency Proclamation
CDAA Request Process
As outlined in the California Government Code, Title 2, Division 1, Chapter 7.5 – California Disaster Assistance Act (CDAA), only a governing body of a city (mayor or chief executive), county (chairman of a board of supervisors or county administrative officer), or city and county may seek financial assistance through CDAA, by order of a Director’s Concurrence or Governor’s Proclamation. The request for CDAA can be included in a Local Emergency Proclamation; however, it is more appropriate to request CDAA on separate letterhead once the governing body has identified and can certify that local resources are insufficient and the situation is beyond its collective capabilities.

Verification of Damages
When the governing body submits its Local Emergency Proclamation to the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) Regional Operations, the package should include an Initial Damage Estimate (IDE). An IDE is the local government’s identification of the impacts and local response and recovery activities. The IDE assists Cal OES in understanding the jurisdictions' damages and prioritizing Preliminary Damage Assessment (PDA) efforts, which can lead to a state or federal disaster declaration. An Operational Area must include all its affected governing bodies (cities, towns), special districts (school districts, water districts, community services districts), and private nonprofit organizations within the IDE. Cal OES Regional Operations then forward the IDE to Cal OES headquarters, which includes a Regional Event Summary (RES) delineating the event's impact.

An IDE should include:
 Type and extent of public and private sector damage;
 Estimates of damages and emergency response costs; and  Any acute public health and environmental issues.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
183
EOP Part 1| September 2025
To assist the Governor in determining if funding under CDAA should be granted, the IDE and RES are reviewed, and if warranted, a State pre-assessment is conducted by the Cal OES Recovery Division. Cal OES works with the local jurisdictions' emergency management and public safety agencies in the Operational Areas affected by the disaster to complete these assessments. Once a determination is made, Cal OES will notify the requesting jurisdiction verbally by the Cal OES Region and in writing by the Cal OES Recovery Division.

Factors Utilized in Consideration
In evaluating a local government’s request for financial assistance under CDAA, several factors and relevant information are considered in determining the severity, magnitude, and impact of a disaster and developing a recommendation to the Governor. The very nature of disasters, their unique circumstances, and varied impacts often impede a constant set of factors considered when evaluating disaster declaration requests; however, primary considerations include:

Factors Considered
 Activation of Emergency Operations Plan and Emergency Operations Center.
 Amount and type of damage, including response costs, emergency protective measures, debris removal, public infrastructure damage, number of businesses affected, and number of homes destroyed or with major damage.
 Amount of available funding at the local level.
 The availability of assistance or additional programs from other sources, including federal, state, local, voluntary, and NGOs.
 Costs of the disaster distributed per population (per capita).  Dispersion or concentration of damages.
 The existence of a FEMA approved Local Hazard Mitigation Plan.  History or frequency of disasters over a recent period.  Imminent threats to public health and safety or the environment.  Impact on the critical infrastructure and facilities of the affected area.  Impacts on essential government services and functions.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
184
EOP Part 1| September 2025
 Level of insurance coverage in place for public facilities and homeowners.  Per capita income and poverty level of the operational area (county).  Requirement or request for regulatory, statutory, or permit extension waiver or relief.
 Resource commitments and availability of local, regional, and state mutual aid assets.
 Capabilities of the state government.

7.8 TRAINING AND EXERCISES

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT TRAINING PROGRAM
The City of Big Bear Lake maintains a separate Emergency Management Training and Exercise Plan.

Training is essential to prepare public officials, emergency managers, and emergency response personnel for disasters. Based on performance requirements, a robust training program should be conducted regularly to ensure that existing staff maintain their readiness and that new staff learn the needed skills and knowledge.

The Emergency Operations Manager coordinates disaster response training for the city in cooperation with city Departments and external supporting agencies.

Training includes Disaster Service Worker training, EOP orientation, SEMS-NIMS training, EOC Operations and Management training, and EOC Section and Position Specific training. Additional hazard-specific and emergency function-specific training is conducted as needed. A wide range of Workshops, Seminars, Drills, and Emergency Exercises are conducted to validate emergency plans and staff training.

Emergency operations staff training should be continually conducted on a regular cadence and schedule. In-house training sessions, exercises, actual operations, or sponsored classes are sources for accomplishing this training. Various training courses are provided by the San Bernardino County Office of Emergency Services, CalOES-California Specialized Training Institute (CSTI), Riverside Urban Area Initiative (RUASI, and other training organizations.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
185
EOP Part 1| September 2025
FEMA also offers classroom-based and online independent study through the Emergency Management Institute (EMI).

Each department, special district, non-governmental organization, and business institution is responsible for ensuring that staff are trained to an appropriate level commensurate with their potential emergency assignment. Training needs are often identified in emergency management credentialing standards, gap and needs assessments, and after-action/corrective action reports.

Standard emergency tasks and capabilities to be trained on may be found in FEMA’s National Preparedness Goal – Core Capabilities.

Training of emergency organization staff should be consistent with their potential assigned in emergency operations, their role on special response teams, the CA Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) training requirements, and the National Incident Management System (NIMS) training doctrine.

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT EXERCISE PROGRAM
The City of Big Bear Lake maintains a separate Emergency Management Training and Exercise Plan.

Exercises allow personnel to become familiar with the procedures, facilities, and systems used in emergencies. State agencies and local jurisdictions should plan and participate in all-hazards exercises with emergency management organizations and first response agencies. Exercises should also include recovery components. Regular exercises should also focus on running "sustained operations," which are carried out over multiple operational periods, hours, or even days.

The City of Big Bear Lake will execute emergency exercises essential to validating emergency plans and procedures, reinforcing section and position-specific roles and responsibilities, testing equipment and systems, and generally preparing the EOC response team and the public on responding and recovering from threats and risks.

Emergency exercises will generally include a combination of discussion-based and operations-based exercises, including:
 Seminars
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
186
EOP Part 1| September 2025
 Workshops
 Games
 Drills and Tests
 Tabletop Exercises
 Functional Exercises
 Full-Scale Exercises
The following list describes the range of exercise types that are used:
 Seminars are discussion-based to introduce information about a particular topic or current policies, plans, and procedures. Seminars are suitable for an audience unfamiliar with emergency plans and may serve as a starting point for more complex exercises.
 Workshops are discussion-based and used to develop deliverables, such as a plan, procedure, or After-Action Report (AAR)/Improvement Plan (IP).

They are more participant-based and suitable for collecting ideas from a diverse group of stakeholders.
 Games are discussion-based, structured forms of play designed for participants to test their operational decision-making in a hypothetical situation and explore the consequences of their choices. Games reinforce training, team building, and enhancing operational and tactical capabilities.  Drills and Tests are operations-based and require participants to perform a single operation or function, such as an evacuation or sending a test wireless emergency alert. They are suitable for validating that a capability is operating as intended and providing participants with practice maintaining a skill.
 Tabletop Exercises (TTXs) are discussion-based and built around a scenario so participants can discuss how they would apply policies, plans, and procedures. Tabletop exercises are an excellent way to identify strengths and areas of improvement in existing or potential processes in a hypothetical situation.
 Functional Exercises (FEs) are operations-based and require participants to perform multiple capabilities and functions in a realistic environment but with most resource movement and complex interactions being simulated.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
187
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Functional Exercises are excellent for validating emergency capabilities, operational plans, and procedures.
 Full-Scale Exercises (FSEs) are operations-based and the most complex and resource-intensive to set up. FSEs often involve multiple agencies, departments, and jurisdictions and real-time interaction of participants from Emergency Operations Center(s) to field personnel, performing and moving as they would in a real emergency. Full-scale exercises are excellent for testing that an organization's plans, policies, and procedures can be applied in real time. FSEs can also validate that coordination with multiple organizations in a cooperative system (e.g., ICS) can be achieved.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
188
EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
189
EOP Part 1| September 2025

8.0 PLAN DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE

8.1 PLAN DEVELOPMENT
The Emergency Operations Plan (EOP), its annexes, appendices, and supporting procedures have been developed in coordination with and consistent with the following directives, guidance, or plans:
▪ California Emergency Plan
▪ California Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) ▪ National Incident Management System (NIMS)
▪ National Response Framework (NRF)
▪ Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG 101 ver.3.0), and its predecessor SLG 101
The County of San Bernardino County Emergency Operations Plan (ver. 2018) was also considered in developing the City of Big Bear Lake EOP.

This EOP is the principal reference source that guides the City of Big Bear Lake's emergency management activities. Every city governmental function has a role in the EOP and, as such, shares the responsibility for input into its development and maintenance.

PLAN APPROVAL
Comprehensive updates should occur every two years. Following the adoption of the Emergency Operations plan, the City Manager or designee will approve substantive revisions and updates to the Emergency Operations Plan and any Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). These revisions or updates are considered a matter of regular business. The City Emergency Operations Manager may make less substantive modifications or updates without further approval.

8.2 PLAN MAINTENANCE
Lead, Support, or Coordinating departments will maintain and keep current the EOP, annexes, appendices, procedures, resource inventories, and notification and recall lists in the following manner:
a) The EOP, its annexes, and appendices will be reviewed every year.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
190
EOP Part 1| September 2025
b) A comprehensive review and update of the EOP will be done every five years.
c) Department or agency changes or additions to the EOP will be forwarded to the Public Works Department for review and consideration. d) Resource inventories and notification or recall lists should be reviewed every six months and updated as changes occur.
e) Procedures should be reviewed following evaluations of actual emergency or disaster operations and after exercises and training where deficiencies are noted.
f) Substantive changes to Part 1 of the EOP will be recorded in the Record of Changes Table on page 13.

The City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Plan will be reviewed annually.

Revisions will be made as changes are identified. The EOP should also be reviewed and revised when organizational changes occur in city government, with state or federal emergency planning standard changes, and after real-world incidents. City departments should be prepared to assist the Public Works Department with reviews, revisions, and updates to the plan. The EOP will be distributed to plan holders, as identified on page 15, when substantive changes are made. When non-substantive modifications to the plan are made, the EOP will not be re-distributed each time.

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE The Lead, Support, and Coordination Departments are anticipated to develop standard operating procedures (SOP) or standard operating guidelines (SOG) supportive of the EOP. Due to the strategic nature and formatting of an EOP, every contingency or emergency function cannot be fully addressed in this plan.

As such, additional policies, procedures, or guidelines will continually need to be developed and revised.

SOPs and SOGs may include the following:
 Guidance information
 Responsibilities of responding employees and agencies  Policies and procedures
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
191
EOP Part 1| September 2025
 Personnel assignments
 Contact lists
 Equipment lists
 Forms and documents

INSPECTION, INVENTORY, AND TESTING OF EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES EOC supplies maintained by the City of Big Bear Lake should be checked and inventoried annually. EOC communications equipment should be tested to the frequency listed below.

Equipment Test Frequency
Commercial telephone network Daily
City radio networks Quarterly
Computers and networks Monthly
The County of San Bernardino is responsible for testing any equipment owned and operated by County agencies.

8.3 PLAN REVISIONS
The EOP is continually being reviewed, updated, and revised. The Public Works Department will distribute revised versions with substantive changes digitally.

Outdated versions of this plan should be destroyed when a new version is published so that only the most recent version is in circulation.

Revisions, updates, and enhancements to the EOP may be made without City Council adoption when they are part of the normal improvement planning and corrective action process. Regular and routine updates may be made without further promulgation or legislative action.

The schedule for revisions and updates to the EOP includes a complete update every five years. More frequent routine updates and revisions will be made when identified through lessons learned from actual events, training, and exercises.

Substantive revisions and changes to Part 1 of the EOP will be recorded in the Record of Changes table on page 13.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
192
EOP Part 1| September 2025

8.4 COORDINATION WITH OTHER PLANS
The City of Big Bear Lake EOP has been developed in coordination with the concepts and principles of the following plans and policies:
 Big Bear Lake Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan  California Emergency Plan
 San Bernardino County Emergency Plan
 National Response Framework
 National Preparedness Goal
 National Infrastructure Protection Plan
 National Homeland Security Strategy
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
193
EOP Part 1| September 2025

9.0 AUTHORITIES AND REFERENCES
The authorities and references in this section establish two foundations:

1. The legal basis (statutes, ordinances, executive orders, regulations, proclamations) for emergency operations; and

2. The basis for delegation of emergency authority, i.e., enabling measures sufficient to ensure that specific emergency-related legal authorities can be exercised by elected or appointed leadership or their designated successors.

The California State Emergency Plan (SEP), having been promulgated under provisions of the California Emergency Services Act, provides statewide authorities and responsibilities, and describes the functions and operations of government at all levels during extraordinary emergencies, including war. Section 8568 of the Act states in part that "the State Emergency Plan shall be in effect in each political subdivision of the State, and the governing body of each political subdivision shall take such action as may be necessary to carry out the provisions thereof." The City of Big Bear Lake Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) is considered an extension of the State Emergency Plan.

Note: Not all authorities and references have been used in this EOP Base Plan.

CITY OF BIG BEAR LAKE
▪ Chapter 2.24 Emergency Services Organization
▪ Chapter 2.28.050 Director and Assistant Director of Emergency Services ▪ Chapter 2.28.080 Emergency Plan

COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO
▪ Title 2, Division 1, Chapter 1 Emergency Services Organization ▪ Title 2, Division 1, Chapter 1, Section 21.0103 Office of Emergency Services ▪ Title 2, Division 1, Chapter 1, Section 21.0104 Director of Emergency Services
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
194
EOP Part 1| September 2025

CALIFORNIA
▪ California Assembly Bill 2311: Emergency Services - Access and Functional Needs (2016)
▪ California Constitution (Article XI: Local Government) ▪ California Coroners’ Mutual Aid Plan
▪ California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement ▪ California Disaster Assistance Act (Title 19, Division 2, Chapter 6 of the California Code of Regulations)
▪ California Emergency Services Act (Title 2, Division 1, Chapter 7 of the Government Code)
▪ California Fire Service and Rescue Emergency Mutual Aid Plan ▪ California Government Code §3100, Disaster Service Workers and Public Employees
▪ California Law Enforcement Mutual Aid Plan
▪ California Senate Bill 160: Emergency Services - Cultural Competence (2019) ▪ California Assembly Bills 2311 and 477: Access and Functional Needs (2019) ▪ California Senate Bill 833: Emergencies - Office of Emergency Services - Guidelines - Alert and Warning Systems (2018)
▪ Disaster Service Worker Program Authorities (Title 1, Division 4, Chapter 8 of the Government Code and Section 3211.92 of the Labor Code) ▪ Standardized Emergency Management System (Title 19, Division 2, Chapter 1 of the California Code of Regulations)
▪ Standardized Emergency Management System Guidelines
▪ State of California Emergency Plan
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
195
EOP Part 1| September 2025
▪ Title 19, Public Safety, Division 2, Chapter 2, Emergencies and Major Disasters, §2510
▪ Title 19, Public Safety, Division 2, Chapter 6, California Disaster Assistance Act, §2900

FEDERAL
▪ Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (PL 101-336) as amended ▪ Civil Rights Act of 1964 (PL 88-352, Section VI)
▪ Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101: Developing and Maintaining Emergency Operations Plans (2021)
▪ Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950 (PL 920)
▪ Homeland Security Act of 2002 (PL 107-296)
▪ Homeland Security Presidential Directive / HSPD-5: Management of Domestic Incidents
▪ Improving Access to Services for Persons with Limited English Proficiency (Executive Order 13166)
▪ Individuals with Disabilities in Emergency Preparedness (Executive Order 13347)
▪ National Incident Management System (updated 2017)
▪ National Response Framework (2019)
▪ Pets Evacuation and Transportation Standards Act of 2006 (PL 109-308) ▪ Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006 (PL 109-295) ▪ Presidential Policy Directive / PPD-8: National Preparedness ▪ Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (PL 93-288 as amended
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
196
EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
197
EOP Part 1| September 2025

10.0 GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS AND

DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
Not all abbreviations and acronyms are used in the EOP Base Plan.

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
ACS Auxiliary Communications Services
AAR After Action Report
ACI Approved Course of Instruction
ADA Americans with Disabilities Act
AP Action Plan
ARC American Red Cross
CA-ESF California Emergency Support Function
Cal EOC California Emergency Operations Center
Cal ISO California Independent System Operations
Cal OES California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services Cal FIRE California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection Cal TRANS California Department of Transportation
CAP Civil Air Patrol
CARES California Animal Response Emergency System
CBO Community Based Organization
CBRNE Chemical, Biological, Radiation, Nuclear, Explosive CCC California Conservation Corps
CCR California Code of Regulations
CDAA California Disaster Assistance Act
CDC Center for Disease Control
CERT Community Emergency Response Team
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
CHP California Highway Patrol
CIP Critical Infrastructure Protection
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
198
EOP Part 1| September 2025
CISD Critical Incident Stress Debriefing
CLERS California Law Enforcement Radio System
CLETS California Law Enforcement Telecommunications System CNG California National Guard
COG Continuity of Government
CONOPS Concept of Operations
COOP Continuity of Operations
CPUC California Public Utilities Commission
CST Civil Support Team
CSTI California Specialized Training Institute
CSWC California State Warning Center
DHS Department of Homeland Security
DMA 2000 Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000
DOC Department Operations Center
DOE Department of Energy
DOJ Department of Justice
DRC Disaster Recovery Center
DSR Damage Survey Report
DSW Disaster Service Worker
DWI Disaster Welfare Inquiry
DWR Department of Water Resources
EAS Emergency Alert System
EDIS Emergency Digital Information Service
EMS Emergency Medical Services
EDIS Emergency Digital Information System
EMAC Emergency Management Assistance Compact
EMMA Emergency Managers Mutual Aid
EMSA Emergency Medical Services Authority
EOC Emergency Operations Center
EOP Emergency Operations Plan
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
199
EOP Part 1| September 2025
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
EPI Emergency Public Information
EPZ Emergency Planning Zone
ERD Emergency Resource Directory
ESA California Emergency Services Act
ESF Emergency Support Function
ETA Estimated Time of Arrival
FE Functional Exercise
FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
FHWA Federal Highway Administration
FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation
FCC Federal Communications Commission
FIRESCOPE Firefighting Resources of California Organized for Potential Emergencies
FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Map
FMA Flood Mitigation Assistance
FMAG Fire Management Assistance Grant Program
FSE Full Scale Exercise
GAR Governor’s Authorized Representative
GIS Geographical Information System
HAZ MAT Hazardous Materials
HHS Department of Human Health Services
HMA Hazard Mitigation Assistance
HMC Hazard Mitigation Coordinator
HMGP Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
HSPD Homeland Security Presidential Directive
HT Handy Talkie
IA Individual Assistance
IAP Incident Action Plan
IC Incident Commander
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
200
EOP Part 1| September 2025
ICP Incident Command Post
ICS Incident Command System
IDE Initial Damage Estimate
IHP Individuals and Households Program
IMAT Incident Management Assistance Team
IMS Incident Management System
IST Incident Support Team
IPP Integrated Preparedness Plan
JFO Joint Field Office
JIC Joint Information Center
JIS Joint Information System
LAC Local Assistance Center
LHMP Local Hazard Mitigation Plan
MA Mutual Aid
MAC Multiagency Coordination
MAC
Group
Multiagency Coordination Group
MACS Multi-Agency Coordination System
MJHMP Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan
MMAA California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement MOU Memorandum of Understanding
NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
NAWAS National Warning System
MHz Megahertz
NCIC National Crime Information Center
NDAA Natural Disaster Assistance Act
NEPA National Environmental Policy Act
NFIP National Flood Insurance Program
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
NIMS National Incident Management System
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
201
EOP Part 1| September 2025
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NRC U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
NRF National Response Framework
NTSB National Transportation Safety Board
NWS National Weather Service
OA Operational Area
OASIS Operational Area Satellite Information System
OEM Office of Emergency Management
OES Office of Emergency Services
OHS Office of Homeland Security
PA Public Assistance
PDA Preliminary Damage Assessment
PDM Pre-Disaster Mitigation
P.L. Public Law
PIO Public Information Officer
PNP Private Nonprofit
POST Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training PSPS Public Safety Power Shutoff
RACES Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Services
RDD Radiation Dispersal Device
RDMHC Regional Disaster Medical Health Coordinator
REOC Region Emergency Operations Center
RIMS Response Information Management System
SAP State Safety Assessment Program
SAR Search and Rescue
SAR Suspicious Activity Reporting
SBA U.S. Small Business Administration
SCO State Coordinating Officer
SEMS Standardized Emergency Management System
SEP State of California Emergency Plan
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
202
EOP Part 1| September 2025
SHMC State Hazard Mitigation Coordinator
SHMP State of California Enhanced Multi-hazard Mitigation Plan SOC State Operation Center
SOG Standard Operating Guideline
SONGS San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station
SOP Standard Operating Procedure
SNS Strategic National Stockpile
SPR State Preparedness Report
STAC State Threat Assessment Center
STAS State Threat Assessment System
TLO Terrorism Liaison Officer
TTX Tabletop Exercise
UC Unified Command
UCG Unified Coordination Group
USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
USAR Urban Search and Rescue
US-CERT United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture
USGS United States Geological Survey
WMD Weapons of Mass Destruction
VOAD Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster
WUI Wildland-Urban Interface

DEFINITION OF TERMS
Not all terms are used in the EOP Base Plan.

ACTION PLAN (AP): See EOC Action Plan and Incident Action Plan.

ACTIVATE: As used in this plan, shall mean the placing into operation of the Emergency Organization hereinafter provided for, upon the receipt of official warning of an impending or threatened emergency, or upon the declaration of the existence of a local emergency.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
203
EOP Part 1| September 2025
AFTER-ACTION REPORT (AAR): A report that examines response actions, application of SEMS, modifications to plans and procedures, training needs and recovery activities. After action reports are required under SEMS after any emergency that requires a declaration of an emergency. Reports must be submitted within 90 days to Cal OES.

AGENCY: A division of government with a specific function offering a particular kind of assistance. In the Incident Command System (ICS), agencies are defined either as jurisdictional (having statutory responsibility for incident management) or as assisting or cooperating (providing resources or other assistance).

Governmental organizations are most often in charge of an incident, though in certain circumstances private sector organizations may be included. Additionally, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) may be included to provide support.

CALIFORNIA DISASTER AND CIVIL DEFENSE MASTER MUTUAL AID AGREEMENT (MMAA): An agreement entered into by and between the State of California, its various departments and agencies, and the various political subdivisions, municipal corporations, and public agencies of the State of California to assist each other by providing resources during an emergency. Mutual Aid occurs when two or more parties agree to furnish resources and facilities and to render services to each other in response to any type of disaster or emergency.

CALIFORNIA EMERGENCY FUNCTIONS (CA-EF): The California Emergency Functions are a grouping of state agencies, departments, and other stakeholders with similar functional activities/responsibilities whose responsibilities lend to improving the state’s ability to collaboratively prepare for, effectively mitigate, cohesively respond to and rapidly recover from any emergency. California Emergency Functions unify a broad-spectrum of stakeholders with various capabilities, resources, and authorities to improve collaboration and coordination for a particular discipline. They also provide a framework for the state government to support regional and community stakeholder collaboration and coordination at all levels of government and across overlapping jurisdictional boundaries.

CALIFORNIA EMERGENCY SERVICES ACT (ESA): An Act within the California Government Code to ensure preparations within the state will be adequate to deal with natural, human-caused, or war-caused emergencies which result in conditions of disaster or in extreme peril to life, property, and the natural resources of the state, and generally to protect the health and safety and preserve the lives and property of the people of the state.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
204
EOP Part 1| September 2025
CATASTROPHE: As used in this plan, any natural or human-caused incident, including terrorism that results in extraordinary levels of mass casualties, damage, or disruption severely affecting the population, infrastructure, environment, economy, national morale, and/or government functions.

COMMAND: The act of directing, ordering, or controlling by virtue of explicit statutory, regulatory, or delegated authority.

COMMAND/MANAGEMENT: Command is responsible for the directing, ordering, and/or controlling of resources at the field response level. Management is responsible for overall emergency policy and coordination at the SEMS EOC levels.

COMMAND POST: See Incident Command Post.

CONTINUITY OF GOVERNMENT (COG): As used in this plan, shall mean all measures taken to ensure the continuity of essential functions of government in the event of emergency conditions, including lines of succession for key decision makers and officials.

CONTINUITY OF OPERATIONS (COOP): As used in this plan, actions taken to ensure the continued performance of core capabilities and/or critical government operations during any potential incident.

CORRECTIVE ACTIONS: Implementing procedures that are based on lessons learned from actual incidents or from training and exercises.

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE (CI): Systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United States that the incapacity or destruction of such systems and assets would have a debilitating impact on security, national economic security, national public health or safety, or any combination of those matters.

CYBER THREAT: An act or threat that poses potentially devastating disruptions to critical infrastructure, including essential communications such as voice, email and internet connectivity.

CYBER SECURITY: The protection of data and systems in networks that are connected to the internet, including measures to protect critical infrastructure services. These services may include essential communications such as voice, email, and internet connectivity.

DEMOBILIZATION: The orderly, safe, and efficient return of an incident resource to its original location and status.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
205
EOP Part 1| September 2025
DEPARTMENT OPERATIONS CENTER (DOC): An Emergency Operations Center (EOC), specific to a single department or agency where the focus is on internal agency incident management and response.

DIRECTOR OF EMERGENCY SERVICES (DES): As used in this plan, shall mean the individual having jurisdiction and authority over the City’s response and recovery to extraordinary emergencies and disasters.

DISASTER: A sudden calamitous emergency event bringing great damage, loss, or destruction.

DISASTER SERVICE WORKER (DSW): As used in this plan, shall mean any person registered with a disaster council or the California Office of Emergency Services, or a state agency granted authority to register Disaster Service Workers, for the purpose of engaging in disaster service work pursuant to the California Emergency Services Act without pay or other consideration. Disaster Service Worker includes public employees, and also includes any unregistered persons impressed into service during a state of war emergency, a state of emergency, or a local emergency by a person having authority to command the aid of citizens in the execution of his or her duties.

EMERGENCY: As used in this plan, shall mean the actual or threatened existence of conditions of disaster or of extreme peril to the safety of persons and property within this city caused by such conditions as air pollution, fire, flood, storm, epidemic, riot, earthquake, drought, sudden and severe energy shortage, plant or animal infestation or disease, or other conditions, including conditions resulting from war or imminent threat of war, severe or imminent threat of terrorist attack, but other than conditions resulting from a labor controversy, which conditions are or are likely to require the combined services, personnel, equipment, and facilities of this city.

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE COMPACT (EMAC): A congressionally ratified organization that provides form and structure to interstate mutual aid.

Through EMAC, a disaster-affected state can request and receive assistance from other member states quickly and efficiently, resolving two key issues upfront:
liability and reimbursement.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
206
EOP Part 1| September 2025
EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (EOC): As used in this plan, shall mean the physical location from which centralized city emergency management is performed. The physical location at which the coordination of information and resources to support incident management (on-scene operations) activities normally takes place. An EOC may be a temporary facility or may be located in a more central or permanently established facility, perhaps at a higher level of organization within a jurisdiction. EOC may be organized by major functional disciplines (e.g., fire, law enforcement and medical services), by jurisdiction (e.g., federal, state, regional, tribal, city, county), or some combination thereof.

EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN (EOP): The ongoing plan maintained by various jurisdictional levels for responding to a wide variety of potential hazards.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE AGENCY: Any organization responding to an emergency, or providing mutual aid support to such an organization, whether in the field, at the scene of an incident, or to an operations center.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE PERSONNEL: Personnel affiliated with or sponsored by emergency response agencies.

EOC ACTION PLAN (AP): The plan developed at SEMS EOC levels, which contains objectives, actions to be taken, assignments, and supporting information for the next operational period.

ESSENTIAL FACILITIES: May include facilities such as law enforcement, fire, emergency operations centers, schools, medical facilities, and other resources that have a role in an effective and coordinated emergency response.

EVACUATION: Organized, phased, and supervised withdrawal, dispersal, or removal of civilians from dangerous or potentially dangerous areas and their reception and care in safe areas.

FUNCTION: Function refers to the five major activities in ICS: Command, Operations, Planning, Logistics and Finance/Administration. The same five functions are also found at all SEMS EOC Levels. At the EOC, the term Management replaces Command. The term function is also used when describing the activity involved, (e.g., the planning function).

HAZARD: Something that is potentially dangerous or harmful, often the root cause of an unwanted outcome.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
207
EOP Part 1| September 2025
INABILITY TO ACT: As used in this plan, shall mean that an official is either killed, missing, or so seriously ill or injured as to be unable to attend meetings and otherwise perform his/her duties. Any question as to whether a particular official can be deemed to have an “inability to act” shall be settled by the governing board of the political jurisdiction or any remaining available members of said body (including standby officers who are serving on such body).

INCIDENT: An occurrence or event, natural or human-caused, which requires a response to protect life or property.

INCIDENT ACTION PLAN (IAP): An oral or written plan containing general objectives reflecting the overall strategy for managing an incident. It may include the identification of operational resources and assignments. It may also include attachments that provide direction and important information for management of the incident during one or more operational periods. At the SEMS EOC level it is called the EOC Action Plan.

INCIDENT COMMAND (IC): Responsible for overall management of the incident and consists of the Incident Commander, either single or unified command, and any assigned supporting staff. Incident Commander (IC): The individual responsible for all incident activities, including the development of strategies and tactics, and the ordering and the release of resources. The IC has overall authority and responsibility for conducting incident operations and is responsible for the management of all incident operations at the incident site.

INCIDENT COMMAND POST (ICP): The field location where the primary functions are performed. The ICP may be co-located with the incident base or other incident facilities.

INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM (ICS): A standardized on-scene emergency management construct specifically designed to provide for the adoption of an integrated organizational structure that reflects the complexity and demands of single or multiple incidents, without being hindered by jurisdictional boundaries.

ICS is the combination of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, and communications operating within a common organizational structure, designed to aid in the management of resources during incidents.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
208
EOP Part 1| September 2025
INTELLIGENCE: Product of an analytical process that evaluates information collected from diverse sources; integrates the relevant information into a cohesive package and produces a conclusion or estimate. Information must be real, accurate and verified before it becomes intelligence for planning purposes.

Intelligence relates to the specific details involving the activities of an incident or EOC and current and expected conditions and how they affect the actions taken to achieve operational period objectives. Intelligence is an aspect of information.

Intelligence is primarily intended for internal use and not for public dissemination.

INTEROPERABILITY: Allows emergency management/response personnel and their affiliated organizations to communicate within and across agencies and jurisdictions via voice, data, or video-on-demand, in real-time, when needed and when authorized.

JOINT INFORMATION CENTER (JIC): A facility established to coordinate all incident-related public information activities. It is the central point of contact for all news media. Public information officials from all participating agencies should co-locate at the JIC.

JOINT INFORMATION SYSTEM (JIS): Integrates incident information and public affairs into a cohesive organization designed to provide consistent, coordinated, accurate, accessible, timely, and complete information during crisis or incident operations. The mission of the JIS is to provide a structure and system for developing and delivering coordinated interagency messages; developing, recommending, and executing public information plans and strategies on behalf of the IC; advising the IC concerning public affairs issues that could affect a response effort; and controlling rumors and inaccurate information that could undermine public confidence in the emergency response effort.

JURISDICTION: A range or sphere of authority. Public agencies have jurisdiction over an incident related to their legal responsibilities and authority. Jurisdictional authority at an incident can be political or geographical (e.g., federal, state, tribal, and local boundary lines) or functional (e.g., law enforcement, public health).

KEY RESOURCES: Any publicly or privately controlled resources essential to the minimal operations of the economy and government.

LIAISON: A form of communication for establishing and maintaining mutual understanding and cooperation.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
209
EOP Part 1| September 2025
LOCAL EMERGENCY: As used in this plan, shall mean the duly proclaimed existence of conditions of disaster or of extreme peril to the safety of persons and property within the territorial limits of a county, city and county, or city, caused by such conditions as air pollution, fire, flood, storm, epidemic, pandemic, riot, drought, sudden and severe energy shortage, plant or animal infestation or disease, the Governor's warning of an earthquake or volcanic prediction, or an earthquake, or other conditions, including conditions resulting from war or imminent threat of war, severe or imminent threat of terrorist attack, other than conditions resulting from a labor controversy, which conditions are or are likely to be beyond the control of the services, personnel, equipment, and facilities of that political subdivision and require the combined forces of other political subdivisions to combat, or with respect to regulated energy utilities, a sudden and severe energy shortage requires extraordinary measures beyond the authority vested in the State Public Utilities Commission.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT: According to Federal Code 30 a county, municipality, city, town, township, local public authority, school district, special district, intrastate district, council of governments (regardless of whether the council of governments is incorporated as a nonprofit corporation under state law), regional or interstate government entity, or agency or instrumentality of a local government; an Indian tribe or authorized tribal entity, or in Alaska a Native village or Alaska Regional Native Corporation; a rural community, unincorporated town or village, or other public entity.

MITIGATION: Provides a critical foundation in the effort to reduce the loss of life and property from natural and/or human-caused disasters by avoiding or lessening the impact of a disaster and providing value to the public by creating safer communities. Mitigation seeks to fix the cycle of disaster damage, reconstruction, and repeated damage. These activities or actions, in most cases, will have a long-term sustained effect.

MOBILIZATION: The process and procedures used by all organizations - federal, state, tribal, and local - for activating, assembling, and transporting all resources that have been requested to respond to or support an incident.

MOBILIZATION CENTER: An off-emergency location where emergency services personnel and equipment may be temporarily located, pending assignment to emergencies, released, or reassigned.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
210
EOP Part 1| September 2025
MULTI-AGENCY OR INTER-AGENCY COORDINATION (MAC): The participation of agencies and disciplines involved at any level of the SEMS organization working together in a coordinated effort to facilitate decisions for overall emergency response activities, including the sharing of critical resources and the prioritization of incidents.

MULTI-AGENCY COORDINATION GROUP (MAC GROUP): Typically, administrators/executives, or their appointed representatives, who are authorized to commit agency resources and funds, are brought together and form MAC Groups. MAC Groups may also be known as multiagency committees, emergency management committees, or as otherwise defined. It can provide coordinated decision-making and resource allocation among cooperating agencies and may establish the priorities among incidents, harmonize agency policies, and provide strategic guidance and direction to support incident management activities.

MULTI-AGENCY COORDINATION SYSTEM(S) (MACS): Multi-agency coordination systems provide the architecture to support coordination for incident prioritization, critical resource allocation, communications systems integration, and information coordination. The elements of multi-agency coordination systems include facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, and communications. Two of the most commonly used elements are EOC and MAC Groups. These systems assist agencies and organizations responding to an incident.

MUTUAL AID AGREEMENTS AND/OR ASSISTANCE AGREEMENTS: Written or oral agreements between and among agencies/organizations and/or jurisdictions that provide a mechanism to quickly obtain emergency assistance in the form of personnel, equipment, materials, and other associated services. The primary objective is to facilitate rapid, short-term deployment of emergency support prior to, during, and/or after an incident.

MUTUAL AID COORDINATOR: An individual at the local government, operational area, region, or state level that is responsible to coordinate the process of requesting, obtaining, processing, and using mutual aid resources. Mutual Aid Coordinator duties will vary depending upon the mutual aid system.

MUTUAL AID REGION: A mutual aid region is a subdivision of Cal OES established to assist in the coordination of mutual aid and other emergency operations within a geographical area of the state, consisting of two or more operational areas.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
211
EOP Part 1| September 2025
MULTI-AGENCY OR INTER-AGENCY COORDINATION: As used in this plan, shall mean the participation of agencies and disciplines involved at any level of the Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) organization working together in a coordinated effort to facilitate decisions for overall emergency response activities, including the sharing of critical resources and the prioritization of incidents.

NATIONAL: Of a nationwide character, including the federal, state, tribal and local aspects of governance and policy.

NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (NIMS): As used in this plan, shall mean the adopted national emergency management processes, protocols, and procedures for federal, state, tribal and local responders. National Incident Management System (NIMS) utilizes the Incident Command System (ICS), Resource Management, Joint Information Management System, Communication and Information Management and Preparedness policies. NIMS is consistent with SEMS.

NATIONAL RESPONSE FRAMEWORK (NRF): A guide to how the nation conducts all-hazards incident management.

NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION (NGO): An entity with an association based on the interests of its members, individuals, or institutions. It is not created by a government, but it may work cooperatively with the government. Such organizations serve a public purpose, not a private benefit. Examples of NGO include faith-based charity organizations and the American Red Cross.

OPERATIONAL AREA (OA): As used in this plan, shall mean an intermediate level of state emergency services organization, consisting of a county and all political subdivisions within the county area. Each county geographic area is designated an operational area for the coordination of emergency activities and to serve as a link in the system of communications and coordination between the state’s emergency operations centers and the operations centers of the political subdivisions comprising the operational area, as defined in California Government Code Subsection 8559 (b) and Section 8605. This definition does not change the definition of operational area as used in the existing fire and rescue mutual aid system.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
212
EOP Part 1| September 2025
OPERATIONAL PERIOD: The time scheduled for executing a given set of operation actions, as specified in the Incident Action Plan or EOC Action Plan. Operational periods can be of various lengths, although usually last 12-24 hours.

ORGANIZATION: Any association or group of persons with like objectives.

Examples include, but are not limited to, governmental departments and agencies, private sector, and/or non- governmental organizations.

POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS: Includes any city, city and County, County, tax or assessment district, or other legally authorized local governmental entity with jurisdictional boundaries.

PREPAREDNESS: A continuous cycle of planning, organizing, training, equipping, exercising, evaluating, and taking corrective action in an effort to ensure effective coordination during incident response. Within NIMS, preparedness focuses on the following elements: planning, procedures and protocols, training and exercises, personnel qualification and certification, and equipment certification.

PREVENTION: Actions to avoid an incident or to intervene to stop an incident from occurring. Prevention involves actions to protect lives and property. It involves applying intelligence and other information to a range of activities that may include such countermeasures as deterrence operations; heightened inspections; improved surveillance and security operations; investigations to determine the full nature and source of the threat; public health and agricultural surveillance and testing processes; immunizations, isolation, or quarantine; and, as appropriate, specific law enforcement operations aimed at deterring, preempting, interdicting or disrupting illegal activity, and apprehending potential perpetrators and bringing them to justice.

PRIVATE SECTOR: Organizations and entities that are not part of any governmental structure. The private sector includes for-profit and not-for-profit organizations, formal and informal structures, commerce, and industry.

PROTOCOLS: Sets of established guidelines for actions (which may be designated by individuals, teams, functions, or capabilities) under various specified conditions.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
213
EOP Part 1| September 2025
PUBLIC INFORMATION: Processes, procedures, and systems for communicating timely, accurate and accessible information on the incident’s cause, size and current situation; resources committed; and other matters of general interest to the public, responders and additional stakeholders (both directly affected and indirectly affected).

PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICER (PIO): A member of the Command Staff (Management Staff at the SEMS EOC Levels) responsible for interfacing with the public and media and/or with other agencies with incident-related information requirements.

RECOVERY: The development, coordination, and execution of service and site restoration plans; the reconstitution of government operations and services; individual, private sector, non-governmental, and public assistance programs to provide housing and to promote restoration; long-term care and treatment of affected persons; additional measures for social, political, environmental, and economic restoration; evaluation of the incident to identify lessons learned; postincident reporting; and development of initiatives to mitigate the effects of future incidents.

RECOVERY PLAN: A plan developed to restore the affected area or community.

REGION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (REOC): Facilities found at Cal OES Administrative Regions. REOC provides centralized coordination of resources among Operational Areas within their respective regions and between the Operational Areas and the State Level.

REIMBURSEMENT: Provides a mechanism to recoup funds expended for incidentspecific activities.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: Efficient emergency management and incident response requires a system for identifying available resources at all jurisdictional levels to enable timely and unimpeded access to resources needed to prepare for, respond to, or recover from an incident. Resource management under NIMS includes mutual aid agreements and assistance agreements; the use of special federal, state, tribal and local teams; and resource mobilization protocols.

RESOURCES: Personnel and major items of equipment, supplies, and facilities available or potentially available for assignment to incident operations and for which status is maintained. Resources are described by kind and type and may be used in operational support or supervisory capacities at an incident or at an EOC.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
214
EOP Part 1| September 2025
RESPONSE: Activities that address the short-term, direct effects of an incident.

Response includes immediate actions to save lives, protect property, and meet basic human needs. Response also includes the execution of EOP and of mitigation activities designed to limit the loss of life, personal injury, property damage, and other unfavorable outcomes. As indicated by the situation, response activities include applying intelligence and other information to lessen the effects or consequences of an incident; increased security operations; continuing investigations into nature and source of the threat; ongoing public health and agricultural surveillance and testing processes; immunizations, isolation, or quarantine; and specific law enforcement operations aimed at preempting, interdicting, or disrupting illegal activity, and apprehending actual perpetrators and bringing them to justice.

RESPONSE PERSONNEL: Includes federal, state, territorial, tribal, sub-state regional and local governments, private sector organizations, critical infrastructure owners and operators, NGO and all other organizations and individuals who assume an emergency management role. Also known as an Emergency Responder.

SITUATION REPORT: Often contains confirmed or verified information regarding the specific details relating to the incident.

SPAN OF CONTROL: The number of resources for which a supervisor is responsible, usually expressed as the ratio of supervisors to individuals. Under NIMS, an appropriate span of control is between 1:3 and 1:7, with optimal being 1:5.

SPECIAL DISTRICT: A unit of local government (other than a city, county, or city and County) with authority or responsibility to own, operate and maintain systems, programs, services, or projects (as defined in California Code of Regulations (CCR) Section 2900(s) for purposes of natural disaster assistance. This may include a joint power authority established under Section 6500 et. seq. of the Code.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
215
EOP Part 1| September 2025
STAFFORD ACT: The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Stafford Act) establishes the programs and processes for the federal government to provide disaster and emergency assistance to states, local governments, tribal nations, individuals, and qualified private nonprofit organizations. The provisions of the Stafford Act cover all hazards including natural disasters and terrorist events. Relevant provisions of the President. The President may declare a major disaster or emergency.

STAGING AREA: Established on an incident for the temporary location of available resources. A Staging Area can be any location on an incident in which personnel, supplies, and equipment can be temporarily housed or parked while awaiting operational assignment.

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE/GUIDE (SOP/SOG): Complete reference document or an operations manual that provides the purpose, authorities, duration, and details for the preferred method of performing a single function or a number of interrelated functions in a uniform manner.

STANDARDIZED EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SEMS): As used in this plan shall mean the adopted State of California emergency management system.

The Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) utilizes the Incident Command System (ICS), Multi/Interagency Coordination, Mutual Aid, and the Operational Area Concept to facilitate emergency incident management, priority setting, interagency cooperation, and the efficient use of resources and flow of information during an emergency. SEMS is consistent with NIMS.

STANDARDIZED EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SEMS) GUIDELINES: The SEMS guidelines are intended to assist those responsible for planning, implementing, and participating in SEMS.

STANDARDIZED EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SEMS) REGULATIONS:

Regulations establishing the Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) based upon the Incident Command System (ICS) adapted from the system originally developed by the Firefighting Resources of California Organized for Potential Emergencies (FIRESCOPE) program including those currently in use by state agencies, the Multiagency Coordination System (MACS) as developed by FIRESCOPE program, the Operational Area concept and the Master Mutual Aid Agreement and related mutual aid systems. Regulations are found in TITLE 19.

DIVISION 2. Chapter 1, 2400 et. Seq.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
216
EOP Part 1| September 2025
STATE: When capitalized, refers to any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and any possession of the United States. See Section 2 (14), Homeland Security Act of 2002, Public Law 107−296, 116 Stat. 2135 (2002).

STATE OF EMERGENCY: As used in this plan, shall mean the duly proclaimed existence of conditions of disaster or of extreme peril to the safety of persons and property within the state caused by such conditions as air pollution, fire, flood, storm, epidemic, pandemic, riot, drought, sudden and severe energy shortage, plant or animal infestation or disease, the Governor's warning of an earthquake or volcanic prediction, or an earthquake, or other conditions, other than conditions resulting from a labor controversy or conditions causing a state of war emergency, which conditions, by reason of their magnitude, are or are likely to be beyond the control of the services, personnel, equipment, and facilities of any single county, city and county, or city and require the combined forces of a mutual aid region or regions to combat, or with respect to regulated energy utilities, a sudden and severe energy shortage requires extraordinary measures beyond the authority vested in the State Public Utilities Commission.

STATE OF WAR EMERGENCY: As used in this plan, shall mean the condition which exists immediately, with or without a proclamation thereof by the Governor, whenever this state or nation is attacked by an enemy of the United States, or upon receipt by the state of a warning from the federal government indicating that such an enemy attack is probable or imminent.

STATE OPERATIONS CENTER (SOC): The SOC is operated by the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES)at the State Level in SEMS. It is responsible for centralized coordination of state resources in support of the three Cal OES Administrative Regional Emergency Operations Centers (REOCs). It is also responsible for providing updated situation reports to the Governor and legislature.

SYSTEM: An integrated combination of people, equipment and processes that work in a coordinated manner to achieve a specific desired output under specific conditions.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
217
EOP Part 1| September 2025
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE: Support provided to state, tribal and local jurisdictions when they have the resources but lack the complete knowledge and skills needed to perform a required activity (such as mobile-home park design or hazardous material assessments).

TECHNICAL SPECIALISTS: Personnel with special skills that can be used anywhere within the SEMS organization. No minimum qualifications are prescribed, as technical specialists normally perform the same duties during an incident that they perform in their everyday jobs and they are typically certified in their fields or professions.

TERRORISM: Under the Homeland Security Act of 2002, terrorism is defined as activity that involves an act dangerous to human life or potentially destructive of critical infrastructure or key resources; is a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or of any state or other subdivision of the United States in which it occurs; and is intended to intimidate or coerce the civilian population, or influence or affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping.

THREAT: An indication of possible violence, harm, or danger.

TYPE: 1) An ICS resource classification that refers to capability. Type 1 is generally considered to be more capable than Types 2, 3, or 4, respectively, because of size, power, capacity, or (in the case of incident management teams) experience and qualifications. 2) A class, kind, or group sharing one or more characteristics; category. 3) A variety or style of a particular class or kind of things.

UNIFIED COMMAND (UC): An ICS application used when more than one agency has incident jurisdiction or when incidents cross political jurisdictions. Agencies work together through the designated members of the UC, often the senior person from agencies and/or disciplines participating in the UC, to establish a common set of objectives and strategies and a single IAP.

VITAL RECORDS: The essential agency records needed to meet operational responsibilities under national security emergencies or other emergency or disaster conditions (emergency operating records), or to protect the legal and financial rights of the Government and those affected by Government activities (legal and financial rights records).

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
218
EOP Part 1| September 2025
VOLUNTEER: As used in this plan, a volunteer is any individual accepted to perform services by the lead agency (which has authority to accept volunteer services) when the individual performs services without promise, expectation, or receipt of compensation for services performed. A volunteer may be “affiliated” with a volunteer organization or may be “spontaneous unaffiliated” when pressed into volunteer service at the time of a disaster.

THIS SECTION IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
219
EOP Part 1| September 2025

11.0 ATTACHMENTS

1. Historical Milestones in California Emergency Management

2. Innovative Technologies in Emergency Management
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
220
EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
221
EOP Part 1| September 2025
ATTACHMENT #1

HISTORICAL MILESTONES IN CALIFORNIA EMERGENCY

MANAGEMENT
The following is a brief history of emergency management in California. 1917 State Council of Defense created by the State Legislature to address public security, public health, economic resource development, and military training. 1929 State Emergency Council was formed to plan for potential future emergencies.
1933 Field Act of 1933 following the Long Beach earthquake marked a significant step in the advancement of earthquake-resistant building design. 1943 State War Powers Act was created by the Legislature and divided the civilian war effort into two segments: protective services and war services. The Act also established the California State War Council that assigned certain activities to State agencies.
1945 California Disaster Act enacted by the State Legislature. This combined responsibility for planning and preparing for emergencies, whether natural, technological, or human-caused, into a single State agency. During the period from 1945 to 1970, the agency was known variously as the Office of Civil Defense (1950) and California Disaster Office (1956) and functioned under the authority of the California Disaster Act.
1950 California Civil Defense and Disaster Relief Plan and California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement. The relief plan was the first comprehensive emergency plan developed by the State. While the focus was civil defense, it contained annexes relating to natural disasters. The California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement under Governor Earl Warren was adopted that same year. It remains to this day a cornerstone of California’s emergency management system.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
222
EOP Part 1| September 2025
1970 California Emergency Services Act (ESA) was enacted to supersede the California Disaster Act. The new Act established the Governor’s Office of Emergency Services with a Director reporting to the Governor. The office was given responsibility of coordinating statewide emergency preparedness, post emergency recovery and mitigation efforts, and the development, review, approval, and integration of emergency plans.
1974 Natural Disaster Assistance Act (NDAA) authorized the Director of the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services to administer a disaster assistance program that provides financial assistance from the State for costs incurred by local governments because of a natural disaster event.

The program also provides for the reimbursement of local government costs associated with certain emergency activities. In 2002, the Act was amended to allow funding for terrorist acts and epidemics and renamed the Disaster Assistance Act (DAA). The Act was again amended in 2005 to change certain definitions of qualifying projects and renamed the California Disaster Assistance Act (CDAA).
1990 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public. The ADA guarantees that people with disabilities have the same opportunities as everyone else to participate in the mainstream of American life. 1996 Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) resulted in a major revision of the California Emergency Services Act. With the Incident Command System at its foundation, SEMS emphasizes a standard organizational structure and terminology at all emergency management levels. The system was designed to enhance coordination among response organizations and facilitate the flow of emergency information and resources within and between the organizational levels.
2006 Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act (PKEMRA) amended the Federal Homeland Security Act of 2002 to make extensive revisions to emergency response provisions and provided the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) with substantial new authority. The Act established a Disability City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
223
EOP Part 1| September 2025
Coordinator within FEMA and developed guidelines to accommodate individuals with disabilities. It also established the national Emergency Family Registry and Locator System.
2006 California Animal Response Emergency System (CARES) resulted in a revision to the California Emergency Services Act. CARES provides operational guidance to assist with all aspects of animal care and control in the event of a disaster or emergency. In addition, CARES provides resources for the public, animal businesses, shelters, and emergency planners. CARES is structured in accordance with the Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) and the Incident Command System (ICS).
2013 Sandy Recovery Improvement Act (SRIA) amended the Stafford Act to include advances to states of up to 25 percent of the amount of estimated cost of post‐disaster Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) funds, together with other streamlining measures, and to direct FEMA to create a comprehensive national strategy for reducing the cost of future disasters.
2016 Access and Functional Needs in Emergencies (Chapter 520, Statutes of 2016) amended the California Government Code to require each county, including city and county, to integrate access and functional needs into its emergency plan upon the next update.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
224
EOP Part 1| September 2025

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
225
EOP Part 1| September 2025
ATTACHMENT #2

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
Innovative technologies are revolutionizing emergency management in numerous ways, enhancing preparedness, response, and recovery efforts.

Innovative technologies include:

1. Early Warning Systems: Advanced technologies such as machine learning, artificial intelligence (AI), and data analytics enable the development of sophisticated early warning systems. These systems can predict natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, and wildfires with greater accuracy, allowing authorities to issue timely warnings to affected populations, thereby reducing casualties and damage.

2. Remote Sensing and Monitoring: Satellites, drones, and other remote sensing technologies provide real-time data on disaster events. These tools enable emergency managers to monitor disaster situations, assess damages, and plan response efforts more effectively. For instance, drones equipped with cameras can quickly survey affected areas and identify hazards or trapped individuals.

3. Big Data Analysis: The vast amount of data generated during emergencies can be analyzed using big data techniques to derive valuable insights. By analyzing social media feeds, sensor data, and other sources, emergency managers can gain a better understanding of evolving situations, public sentiment, and resource needs, facilitating more informed decision-making.

4. Geographic Information Systems (GIS): GIS technology integrates geographic data with other information, enabling emergency managers to create detailed maps that visualize disaster scenarios, evacuation routes, and resource distribution. GIS also helps in spatial analysis, allowing authorities to identify high-risk areas and allocate resources accordingly.

5. Communication and Coordination: Mobile apps, social media platforms, and other communication technologies play a crucial role in disseminating information during emergencies. These tools enable authorities to City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
226
EOP Part 1| September 2025
communicate with the public, coordinate response efforts among different agencies, and collect feedback from affected communities in real-time.

6. Simulation and Training: Virtual reality (VR) and simulation technologies offer realistic training environments for emergency responders. By simulating various disaster scenarios, responders can practice their skills, test different strategies, and improve their preparedness without exposing themselves to real-world risks.

7. Robotics and Automation: Robotics and automation technologies can assist in search and rescue operations, hazardous material handling, and infrastructure inspection in disaster-affected areas. Robots equipped with sensors and cameras can navigate through debris, locate survivors, and relay information to human responders, speeding up rescue efforts and minimizing risks.

8. Resilient Infrastructure: Innovative materials and construction techniques can make infrastructure more resilient to natural disasters. For example, earthquake-resistant buildings, flood-resistant barriers, and smart infrastructure equipped with sensors for early detection of structural weaknesses can mitigate the impact of disasters and reduce recovery times.

Innovative technologies offer significant potential to enhance emergency management by improving situational awareness, communication, coordination, and response capabilities, ultimately saving lives, and minimizing the impact of disasters.

OTHER INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC SAFETY
Other innovative technologies are enhancing public safety and first responder response. Innovative technologies include:

1. Smartphone Access to 911: Smartphone access to 911 technology refers to the capability of smartphones to connect users directly to emergency services by dialing 911. This technology allows individuals to quickly access emergency assistance in critical situations using their mobile devices.

Additionally, advancements in smartphone technology have enabled features such as Enhanced 911 (E911), which provides more precise location information to emergency dispatchers, enhancing the effectiveness of emergency response efforts.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
227
EOP Part 1| September 2025

2. Enhanced 911: Enhanced 911 (E911) is an advanced system that automatically provides emergency dispatchers with additional information about the location of a caller, beyond just the phone number. This additional data may include the caller's precise location, such as GPS coordinates, as well as information about the caller's name, address, and even medical history. E911 is designed to improve the accuracy and efficiency of emergency response efforts, enabling dispatchers to quickly send help to the caller's exact location, even if the caller is unable to verbally communicate their location.

3. Automated Wildfire Protection Systems: Automated wildfire protection systems are technological solutions designed to detect, prevent, or mitigate the impact of wildfires. These systems often incorporate various sensors, cameras, drones, weather monitoring devices, and artificial intelligence algorithms to detect signs of wildfire ignition or spread. Once a potential threat is identified, these systems can automatically trigger responses such as alerting authorities, activating sprinkler systems or fire suppression mechanisms, and notifying nearby residents to evacuate. The goal of automated wildfire protection systems is to improve early detection and response, ultimately reducing the risk of property damage, loss of life, and environmental destruction caused by wildfires.

4. Wildfire Remote Camera Technology: Wildfire remote camera technology involves the deployment of cameras in remote areas prone to wildfires to monitor and detect fire activity. These cameras are typically equipped with high-resolution lenses and thermal imaging capabilities to detect smoke, flames, or other signs of fire. They are often positioned strategically across vast areas to provide comprehensive coverage. These cameras are connected to a central monitoring system, which may be operated by fire departments, forestry agencies, or other relevant authorities. When the cameras detect signs of a wildfire, they send real-time images or alerts to the monitoring system, allowing responders to quickly assess the situation and take appropriate action. Wildfire remote camera technology plays a crucial role in early detection and rapid response to wildfires, helping to minimize the spread of fires and protect lives, property, and natural City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
228
EOP Part 1| September 2025
resources. Additionally, these systems can provide valuable data for wildfire research and management efforts.

5. Intelligent Streetlamps: Intelligent streetlamps, also known as smart streetlights, are streetlighting systems equipped with advanced technologies that enhance their functionality beyond traditional lighting.

These streetlamps typically incorporate sensors, cameras, and connectivity features to gather data, communicate with other devices, and respond dynamically to various conditions. Key features of intelligent streetlamps may include:

A. Energy Efficiency: Smart streetlights often use LED lighting and have built-in sensors to adjust brightness levels based on ambient light conditions, reducing energy consumption and costs.

B. Environmental Monitoring: Some intelligent streetlamp systems are equipped with sensors to monitor air quality, temperature, humidity, and other environmental factors, providing valuable data for urban planning and pollution control efforts.

C. Traffic Management: Smart streetlights can be integrated with traffic monitoring sensors and cameras to gather real-time traffic data, optimize traffic flow, and improve safety.

D. Security and Surveillance: Streetlamps with built-in cameras and sensors can enhance public safety by providing surveillance capabilities and detecting suspicious activities or emergencies.

E. Remote Management: Intelligent streetlamp systems are often remotely controlled and monitored through centralized management platforms, allowing for efficient maintenance, troubleshooting, and customization of lighting schedules.

F. Data Analytics: By collecting and analyzing data from various sensors and devices, intelligent streetlamp systems can provide valuable insights into urban mobility, energy usage, and environmental trends, aiding in city planning and decision-making processes.

Intelligent streetlamps offer a range of benefits including energy savings, improved safety, enhanced urban services, and more sustainable city management.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
229
EOP Part 1| September 2025

6. Emergency Communications Apps: Emergency communications apps are mobile applications designed to provide users with a means of accessing assistance, communicating with emergency services, and receiving critical information during emergencies or disasters. These apps often offer various features to help users prepare for and respond to different types of emergencies. Some common features of emergency communications apps include:

A. Emergency Alerts: These apps can deliver real-time alerts and notifications about emergencies such as natural disasters, severe weather, or public safety incidents.

B. Two-Way Communication: Users can communicate directly with emergency services, such as police, fire departments, or medical responders, through text, voice calls, or video calls.

C. Location Sharing: Many emergency communications apps allow users to share their location with emergency contacts or responders, enabling quicker assistance in emergencies.

D. Safety Check-Ins: Some apps offer features that allow users to check in with friends or family members to confirm their safety during emergencies.

E. Emergency Planning and Preparedness Resources: These apps may provide guidance on creating emergency plans, assembling emergency kits, and preparing for various types of disasters.

F. Community Alerts: Users can receive alerts and updates from local authorities, community organizations, or neighborhood watch groups about safety concerns or events in their area.

G. Multi-Platform Accessibility: Many emergency communications apps are available on multiple platforms, including smartphones, tablets, and desktop computers, ensuring access to critical information across devices.

Examples of popular emergency communications apps include FEMA's (Federal Emergency Management Agency) "FEMA" app, the American Red Cross's "Emergency" app, and Citizen's public safety app. These apps aim to empower users with the tools and information they need to stay safe and informed during emergencies.

City of Big Bear Lake
Emergency Operations Plan
230
EOP Part 1| September 2025

7. Remote Gunshot Monitors: Remote gunshot monitors, also known as gunshot detection systems or gunfire detection systems, are technological solutions designed to detect and locate the origin of gunshots in real-time over a wide area. These systems typically consist of a network of sensors or microphones strategically placed in various locations. When a gunshot occurs, the sensors detect the sound and, in some cases, additional indicators such as muzzle flash or shockwave patterns. The information is then processed by sophisticated algorithms to determine the location of the gunshot. This data is often sent to a central monitoring station or law enforcement agencies, enabling them to respond rapidly to the incident.

Remote gunshot monitors offer several benefits, including:

A. Rapid Response: By detecting gunshots in real-time, these systems enable law enforcement to respond quickly to incidents, potentially saving lives and reducing the likelihood of further violence.

B. Enhanced Situational Awareness: Gunshot detection systems provide valuable information about the location and frequency of gunfire, helping law enforcement to better understand and address patterns of gun-related crime.

C. Improved Public Safety: By deterring criminal activity and assisting law enforcement in apprehending suspects, gunshot detection systems contribute to overall public safety in communities.

Big Bear Lake City CouncilSeptember 10, 2025

Big Bear Lake City Council
September 10, 2025