AGENDA
ITEM
6 CITY AGENDA
CALEXICO California ITEM
WHERE CALIFORNIA AND MEXICO MEET
CITY COUNCIL
AGENDA STAFF REPORT
DATE: November 1, 2023
TO: Mayor and City Council
APPROVED BY:
REVIEWED BY: Esperanza Colio Warren, City Manager
PREPARED BY: Armando Orozco, Interim Police Chier fe
SUBJECT: Ordinance Adopting Calexico Police Department Military Equipment Use Policy (Second Reading)
Recommendation:
Staff recommends that the City Council conduct a second reading, but title only, and adopt an Ordinance adopting a military equipment use policy consistent with the requirements of Assembly Bill 481.
Background:
According to Assembly Bill 481, before law enforcement can acquire or use military equipment, it must obtain governing body approval of a Military Equipment Use Policy by ordinance. This bill defines military equipment, requires City Council approval prior to its use, and incorporates a public participation component.
"Military equipment," as used in AB 481, does not necessarily indicate the equipment the military has used. It includes drones, pepper balls, flashbangs, and long-range acoustic devices, which can all be used deescalate a dangerous crowd situation. These items provide peace officers with the ability to safely resolve volatile situations which otherwise might rise to the level of a lethal force encounter. The inability to use these items would jeopardize the welfare of citizens and peace officers within the Calexico Police Department.
AB 481 requires the police department to create a Military Equipment Use Policy to be reviewed and approved by City Council at a public meeting.
The City Council conducted a first reading of the proposed Ordinance on October 18, 2023.
Discussion and Analysis:
The Calexico Police Department seeks City Council adoption of the attached Ordinance which adopts the Police Department's Military Equipment Use Policy (Policy No. 706) and provides guidance for military equipment use in exigent circumstances.
The proposed Ordinance adopts Calexico Police Department Policy 706, which provides guidelines for the approval, acquisition, and reporting requirements of Military Equipment, pursuant to Government Code section 7070 et seq. The Policy includes definitions, describes the role of the Department's military equipment coordinator, includes an inventory of the Department's military equipment, requires the Department to obtain annual approval of its Policy by City Council, and requires the Department to hold at least one community meeting annually to review each annual report on the Policy. The proposed Ordinance also includes an exception for use of military equipment in exigent circumstances.
If the proposed Ordinance is adopted, it will go into effect in thirty days, which would be December 1, 2023. Since this item has previously been approved as a temporary Urgency Ordinance, the Police Department's ability to use Policy 706 will expire on November 26, 2023.
To avoid any lapse of the Policy, there is a separate agenda item requesting adopting of another temporary extension of the Policy through November 30, 2023.
Fiscal Impact:
There will be no financial impact on the Calexico General Fund Attachments):
1. Ordinance No. (includes Military Equipment Use Policy as an attachment) 2 ORDINANCE NO. 2023-—
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY
OF CALEXICO, CALIFORNIA, ADOPTING A MILITARY
EQUIPMENT USE POLICY CONSISTENT WITH THE
REQUIREMENTS OF ASSEMBLY BILL NO. 481
The City Council of the City of Calexico does hereby ordain as follows:
SECTION 1. Findings.
On September 30, 2021, Governor Gavin Newsom signed into law Assembly Bill No. 481 ("AB 481"), relating to the use of military equipment by law enforcement agencies and which requires law enforcement agencies to adopt a military equipment use policy ("Policy") prior to taking certain actions relating to the funding, acquisition, or use of military equipment as defined by the law.
B. AB 481, codified at Government Code Sections 7070 through 7075, requires law enforcement agencies to obtain approval of the applicable governing body, by an ordinance adopting a "military equipment" use policy, at a regular meeting held pursuant to open meeting laws, prior to taking certain actions relating to the funding, acquisition, or use of military equipment. The term "military equipment" is defined in Government Code Section 7070.
C. AB 481 requires adoption of the military equipment policy by City Council before the law enforcement agency can take action to request military equipment as defined by the statute; seek funds (such as grants or in-kind donations) for acquiring military equipment; actually acquire military equipment, either permanently or temporarily by owning, borrowing, or leasing; collaborate with other law enforcement agencies to deploy or use military equipment in the agency's territorial jurisdiction; use new or existing military equipment in a manner not previously subject to AB 481 scope; solicit or respond to a proposal for, or enter into an agreement with, any person or entity to seek funds for, apply for, acquire, use, or collaborate in using military equipment; or to acquire military equipment through any other means not specifically detailed in the statute.
AB 481 allows the governing body of a city to approve the funding, acquisition, or use of defined military equipment within its jurisdiction only if it makes specified determinations.
The Calexico Police Department has developed such a policy in coordination with Lexipol. The policy is contained in the Calexico Police Department Policy Manual as Policy 706 ("Policy").
F. The Calexico Police Department posted the draft Policy on its website and more than 30 calendar days elapsed before the City Council conducted a first reading of the proposed Ordinance adopting the Policy. The Policy is currently posted on the Police Department's website. 81211.00100\41764210.1|
Ordinance No. 2023-
H. The City Council adopted the Policy temporarily on March 1, 2023 and July 19, 2023. The temporary approval is set to expire on November 26, 2023.
J. At the October 4, 2023 regularly scheduled City Council meeting, the City Council conducted a public hearing to consider the proposed Policy, the Police Department's presentation, and public testimony. Based on the foregoing, the City Council finds as follows:
The acquisition and use of military equipment, as that term is defined in Assembly Bill No. 481 and the Policy, is necessary to ensure officer and civilian safety as there are no reasonable alternatives available that can achieve the same level of protection.
11. The proposed Policy has been carefully designed to safeguard the public's welfare, safety, civil rights, and civil liberties. It includes comprehensive guidelines and oversight mechanisms to prevent abuse or misuse of the equipment. iii. Experience shows that when purchasing the equipment, the equipment defined as "military equipment" in Assembly Bill No. 481 is reasonably cost-effective compared to available alternatives that do not meet the definition of "military equipment" set forth in Assembly Bill No. 481, that can achieve the same objective of officer and civilian safety; and
iv. Prior use of equipment by the Calexico Police Department that is now defined as "military equipment" by Assembly Bill No. 481, complied with the military equipment use policy that was in effect at the time, or if prior uses did not comply with the accompanying military equipment use policy, corrective action has been taken to remedy non-conforming uses and ensure future compliance.
K. In accordance with AB 481, the Policy is on the agenda as an open session item at a regular meeting of the City Council, and public comment on the item will be allowed in accordance with the Brown Act.
L. The Policy shall be reviewed by the City Council at least annually, and based on an annual military equipment report that will be submitted to the City Council pursuant to AB 481, the City Council shall determine whether each type of military equipment identified in the report has complied with the standards for continued approval.
SECTION 2. Adoption of Military Equipment Use Policy. The City Council hereby affirms and adopts the Calexico Police Department Policy No. 706, Military Equipment Policy ("Policy"), which is attached hereto as Exhibit "A."
SECTION 3. Use in Exigent Circumstances. In Exigent Circumstances (defined below), the Calexico Police Department may acquire, borrow and/or use Military Equipment (as defined in the Policy) that is not included in the Military Equipment Policy, if the Department takes the following actions:
81211.00100\41764210.1
Ordinance No. 2023-
1. Provide written notice of that acquisition or use to the City Council within 30 days following the commencement of such Exigent Circumstance, unless such information is confidential or privileged under local, state, or federal law.
2. If it is anticipated that the use will continue beyond the Exigent Circumstance, submit a proposed amended Military Equipment Use Policy to the City Council within 90 days following the borrowing, acquisition, and/or use, and receive approval, as applicable, from the City Council.
3. Include the Military Equipment in the Police Department's next annual Military Equipment Report.
"Exigent Circumstances" means the Police Department's good faith belief that an emergency involving the danger of or imminent threat of death or serious physical injury to any person is occurring, has occurred, or is about to occur.
SECTION 4. Severability. If any provision, section, paragraph, sentence, clause, or phrase of this Ordinance, or any part thereof, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a court of competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this Ordinance, or any part thereof, or its application to other persons or circumstances. The City Council hereby declares that it would have passed and adopted each provision, section, paragraph, subparagraph, sentence, clause, or phrase thereof, irrespective of the fact that any one or more sections, paragraphs, subparagraphs, sentences, clauses, or phrases, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, be declared invalid or unconstitutional.
SECTION 5. • Environmental Review. The City Council finds that adoption and implementation of this Ordinance is not a "project" for purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), as that term is defined by CEQA guidelines (Guidelines) sections 15061(b)(3), and 15378(b)(5). The proposed Ordinance adopts a Military Equipment Use Policy for the Police Department. No new development will result from the proposed action. No impact to the physical environment will result. The City Council also alternatively finds that the adoption and implementation of this Ordinance is exempt from the provisions of CEQA as an administrative activity by the City of Calexico, in furtherance of its police power, that will not result in any direct or indirect physical change in the environment, per sections 15061(b)(3), and 15378(b)(5) of the CEQA Guidelines.
SECTION 6. Effective Date. This Ordinance shall take effect thirty (30) days after its adoption.
SECTION 7. Publication. The City Clerk shall certify to the adoption of this Ordinance and cause it, or a summary of it, to be published on the City's website and published once in a newspaper of general circulation published and circulated within the City. 81211.00100\41764210.1
Ordinance No. 2023-
APPROVED, PASSED, AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the City Council held on the 1st day of November, 2023.
Raul Ureña, Mayor
ATTEST:
Veronica L. Alvarado, Interim City Clerk
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
Carlos Campos, City Attorney
81211.00100\41764210.1
Ordinance No. 2023-
EXHIBIT "A"
MILITARY EQUIPMENT USE POLICY
81211.00100\41764210.1
Policy Calexico Police Department
706 Calexico PD Policy Manual Revised December 2021
Military Equipment
706.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE
The purpose of this policy is to provide guidelines for the approval, acquisition, and reporting requirements of military equipment (Government Code § 7070; Government Code § 7071; Government Code § 7072).
706.1.1 DEFINITIONS
Definitions related to this policy include (Government Code § 7070):
Governing body - The elected or appointed body that oversees the Calexico Police Department.
Military equipment - Includes but is not limited to the following:
• Unmanned, remotely piloted, powered aerial or ground vehicles. • Mine-resistant ambush-protected (MRAP) vehicles or armored personnel carriers. • High mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicles (HMMWV), two-and-one-half-ton trucks, five-ton trucks, or wheeled vehicles that have a breaching or entry apparatus attached. • Tracked armored vehicles that provide ballistic protection to their occupants. • Command and control vehicles that are either built or modified to facilitate the operational control and direction of public safety units. • Weaponized aircraft, vessels, or vehicles of any kind. • Battering rams, slugs, and breaching apparatuses that are explosive in nature. This does not include a handheld, one-person ram.
• Firearms and ammunition of .50 caliber or greater, excluding standard-issue shotguns and standard-issue shotgun ammunition.
• Specialized firearms and ammunition of less than .50 caliber, including firearms and accessories identified as assault weapons in Penal Code § 30510 and Penal Code § 30515, with the exception of standard-issue firearms.
• Any firearm or firearm accessory that is designed to launch explosive projectiles.
Noise-flash diversionary devices and explosive breaching tools.
Munitions containing tear gas or OC, excluding standard, service-issued handheld pepper spray.
TASER® Shockwave, microwave weapons, water cannons, and long-range acoustic devices (LRADs).
Kinetic energy weapons and munitions.
Any other equipment as determined by a governing body or a state agency to require additional oversight.
Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2022/02/28, All Rights Reserved. Military Equipment - 1 Published with permission by Calexico Police Department Calexico Police Department
Calexico PD Policy Manual Revised December 2021
Military Equipment
706.2 POLICY
It is the policy of the Calexico Police Department that members of this department comply with the provisions of Government Code § 7071 with respect to military equipment. 706.3 MILITARY EQUIPMENT COORDINATOR
The Chief of Police should designate a member of this department to act as the military equipment coordinator. The responsibilities of the military equipment coordinator include but are not limited to:
(a) Acting as liaison to the governing body for matters related to the requirements of this policy.
(b) Identifying department equipment that qualifies as military equipment in the current possession of the Calexico Police Department, or the equipment the Calexico Police Department intends to acquire that requires approval by the governing body. (c) Conducting an inventory of all military equipment at least annually. (d) Collaborating with any allied agency that may use military equipment within the jurisdiction of Calexico Police Department (Government Code § 7071). (e) Preparing for, scheduling, and coordinating the annual community engagement meeting to include:
1. Publicizing the details of the meeting.
Preparing for public questions regarding the department's funding, acquisition, and use of equipment.
(f) Preparing the annual military equipment report for submission to the Chief of Police and ensuring that the report is made available on the department website (Government Code § 7072).
(g) Establishing the procedure for a person to register a complaint or concern, or how that person may submit a question about the use of a type of military equipment, and how the Calexico Police Department will respond in a timely manner. 706.4 MILITARY EQUIPMENT INVENTORY
The following constitutes a list of qualifying equipment for the Calexico Police Department:
[Insert attachment here]
706.5 APPROVAL
The Chief of Police or the authorized designee shall obtain approval from the governing body by way of an ordinance adopting the military equipment policy. As part of the approval process, the Chief of Police or the authorized designee shall ensure the proposed military equipment policy is submitted to the governing body and is available on the department website at least 30 days prior to any public hearing concerning the military equipment at issue (Government Code § 7071). The military equipment policy must be approved by the governing body prior to engaging in any of the following (Government Code § 7071):
Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2022/02/28, All Rights Reserved. Military Equipment - 2 Published with permission by Calexico Police Department Calexico Police Department
Calexico PD Policy Manual Revised December 2021
Military Equipment
(a) Requesting military equipment made available pursuant to 10 USC § 2576a. (b) Seeking funds for military equipment, including but not limited to applying for a grant, soliciting or accepting private, local, state, or federal funds, in-kind donations, or other donations or transfers.
(c) Acquiring military equipment either permanently or temporarily, including by borrowing or leasing.
(d) Collaborating with another law enforcement agency in the deployment or other use of military equipment within the jurisdiction of this department. (e) Using any new or existing military equipment for a purpose, in a manner, or by a person not previously approved by the governing body.
(f) Soliciting or responding to a proposal for, or entering into an agreement with, any other person or entity to seek funds for, apply to receive, acquire, use, or collaborate in the use of military equipment.
(g) Acquiring military equipment through any means not provided above. 706.6 COORDINATION WITH OTHER JURISDICTIONS
Military equipment should not be used by any other law enforcement agency or member in this jurisdiction unless the military equipment is approved for use in accordance with this policy. 706.7 ANNUAL REPORT
Upon approval of a military equipment policy, the Chief of Police or the authorized designee should submit a military equipment report to the governing body for each type of military equipment approved within one year of approval, and annually thereafter for as long as the military equipment is available for use (Government Code § 7072).
The Chief of Police or the authorized designee should also make each annual military equipment report publicly available on the department website for as long as the military equipment is available for use. The report shall include all information required by Government Code § 7072 for the preceding calendar year for each type of military equipment in department inventory. 706.8 COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
Within 30 days of submitting and publicly releasing the annual report, the Calexico Police Department shall hold at least one well-publicized and conveniently located community engagement meeting, at which the Calexico Police Department should discuss the report and respond to public questions regarding the funding, acquisition, or use of military equipment.
Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2022/02/28, All Rights Reserved. Military Equipment - 3 Published with permission by Calexico Police Department Ordinance No. 2023-
CERTIFICATION
State of California )
County of Imperial ) S.S.
City of Calexico )
I, Veronica L. Alvarado, Interim City Clerk, do hereby certify the above Ordinance No. 2023- is a full, true, and correct copy, and was adopted at a regular meeting of the Calexico City Council on November 1, 2023 by the following vote:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTAIN:
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set by hand and affixed the official seal of the City of Calexico, California, this 1st day of November 2023.
Veronica L. Alvarado, Interim City Clerk
81211.00100\41764210.1