2024-02-06; City Council; 10; Police Department Update — Carlsbad City Council, February 6, 2024

CA Review JRT
Meeting Date: Feb. 6, 2024
To: Mayor and City Council
From: Scott Chadwick, City Manager
Staff Contact: Christie Calderwood, Assistant Chief of Police [email protected], 442-339-2216
Mickey Williams, Chief of Police
[email protected], 442-339-2130
Subject: Police Department Update
Districts: All
Reco
mmended Action
Receive a report on crime statistics, crime trends and the next steps for the Police Department in 2024.

Executive Summary
The Carlsbad Police Department consistently monitors crime statistics and crime trends to prevent, deter and fight crime and to give the community timely information for the public’s safety and overall quality of life.

This report is intended to provide the City Council with an overview of Carlsbad’s crime statistics and trends, and the Police Department’s strategies and plans for 2024.

As detailed below:
• While the number of reported crimes is down across the country, there’s a widespread public perception that crime has been increasing. While the 2023 end-of-year data is not yet available, the FBI’s crime statistics for 2022 show that national violent crime decreased 1.7% in 2022 compared to 2021:
o Murder and non-negligent manslaughter recorded a 2022 nationwide decrease of 6.1% compared to the previous year.
o In 2022, the number of offenses in the revised rape category saw a 5.4% decrease.
o Aggravated assault in 2022 decreased by 1.1%.
• Data from the San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) show that the number of reported crimes in San Diego County, including in Carlsbad, was down by 8% in the first six months of 2023 compared to 2022 and 13% lower than in 2021.

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• The Carlsbad Police Department saw a decrease at mid-year 2023 in the following crime types, the crimes that are tracked in the California Incident-Based Reporting System:
o Assault
o Rape
o Burglary
o Larceny
o Motor Vehicle Theft
o Fraud
• Carlsbad saw crime trends that also affected the rest of the county and state of California. These trends include:
o Organized retail theft
o Residential burglaries
o Fentanyl overdoses
o Catalytic converter thefts
o Ghost guns
• San Diego County has seen an increase in firearm-related offenses in 2020 and 2021.

Although 2022 is slightly down from 2021, it is still up from pre-pandemic levels. • Carlsbad Police officers were involved in two officer-involved shootings in 2023. Both subjects in the shootings were carrying ghost guns; non-serialized and untraceable firearms that are purchased illegally, without a background check. • The department continues to leverage emerging technologies such as license plate readers, vehicle dashboard cams and the use of e-citations, which have proven to be an essential and effective part of its crimefighting and efficiency efforts.

Explanation & Analysis
Crime statistics and trends
The following data is based on mid-year 2023 statistics. SANDAG and its Automated Regional Justice Information System, known as ARJIS, have not yet released their annual 2023 report on crime in our region with data from the last six months of the year.

Countywide crime
• Six months into 2023, the annualized mid-year crimes against persons rate of 9.71 was 6% lower than it was at mid-year 2022, when it was 10.30. This decrease reflected fewer rapes (which were down by 32%) and homicides (down 17%). • The annualized mid-year crimes against property rate of 23.56 was 9% lower than the

25.88 reported at mid-year 2022. Overall, there were decreases for all categories including 17% in burglaries, 12% in robberies, 5% in larceny thefts, and 4% in motor vehicle thefts.
• The annualized mid-year rate of crimes against society, such as drug and weapons violations, of 7.26 was also 5% lower that it was at mid-year 2022 (7.64%).

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Crimes in Carlsbad
The Police Department responded to 114,786 calls in 2023, which included routine and uneventful calls for service as well as highly volatile, dangerous situations that involved armed, violent criminal offenders.

From mid-year 2022 to mid-year 2023, Carlsbad saw an overall decrease in crime by 15%. • For crimes against persons, which include murder, assault, rape and human trafficking, the city experienced a 19% reduction from mid-year 2022 to mid-year 2023. • For crimes against property, which include theft, robbery, burglary, vandalism, auto theft and fraud, the city of Carlsbad saw a 15% reduction from mid-year 2022 to mid- year 2023
• In crimes against society, which includes drug, weapons and prostitution violations, Carlsbad saw a 12% reduction from mid-year 2022 to mid-year 2023.

More information on crime in the region can be found in Exhibit 1, Mid-Year SANDAG report, Crime in San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics.

Regional crime trends
Property crimes continued to be a trend across the region and are the majority of crime occurring in the city of Carlsbad. Department stores, the city’s malls and grocery stores have been victims of organized retail theft. Residential burglars have targeted homes across the city forcing entry to steal valuables. The Police Department focused on the following regional trends for the city of Carlsbad in 2023:
o Organized retail theft
o Residential burglaries
o Fentanyl overdoses
o Catalytic converter theft
o Ghost guns
Fentanyl overdoses
In 2021, the Carlsbad Police Department saw a total of 115 drug overdoses, 16 of them fatal), with the majority of them being fentanyl related. To address the spike in overdoses, the department changed the policy for overdose investigations in early 2021 to require a detective to be called in to investigate all overdoses that involve a juvenile, whether fatal or not, and all fatal overdoses involving an adult. The department also started using the Overdose Detection Feb. 6, 2024
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Mapping Application. This application is a resource provided by the San Diego High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area.1 It provides near real-time suspected overdose data across jurisdictions, including a mapping tool, to support public safety and public health efforts so that agencies can mobilize an immediate response to a sudden increase in overdose events. The department also purchased Narcan, a life-saving medication used to reverse an opioid overdose, including heroin, fentanyl and prescription opioid medications, and trained all officers on its use in 2021.

In 2022, the Carlsbad Police Department recorded a drop in overdoses with a total of 66, five of them fatal. In 2023, the city experienced a total of 38 overdoses, 11 fatal.

Countywide gun violence
The volume of firearm-related calls for service in the San Diego region increased 34% from 2019 to 2020 but has decreased since the high in 2020. Countywide, there were daily averages of:
• 21.5 firearm-related calls for service in 2019
• 28.2 in 2020
• 27.9 in 2021
• 26.1 in 2022
A SANDAG report on firearm crime in the San Diego region, which included data from 2019- 2022, was released in December 2023. The report showed an increase in the percentage of arrests for firearm-related offenses since 2019, even while there has been an overall downward trend in total arrest numbers. Nearly a third of the arrestees who responded for the report said they had carried a gun when committing a crime. It’s worth noting that those arrestees who reported buying a ghost gun said it had been easy to obtain.

The mid-year SANDAG report, Firearm Crime in the San Diego Region Data Analysis from 2022, is provided as Exhibit 2.

Ghost guns
The increasing use of ghost guns in the region and across the nation poses a major threat to law enforcement —and to the public.

Our department was involved in two officer-involved shootings in 2023. In both shootings, the offenders possessed ghost guns. These firearms are manufactured outside of the traditional supply chain and are especially attractive to criminals because they are manufactured and sold on the black market, therefore avoiding all firearms regulations, including a background check.

Ghost guns do not have serial numbers and cannot be tracked by law enforcement.

Given this crime trend, and following the two shootings involving ghost guns, the Carlsbad Police Department recognized the need to focus on seizing these firearms. The department’s Crime Suppression Team has been tasked with proactive work to seize non-serialized firearms and arrest the individuals who have or are distributing them. The department also established an ad-hoc task force with other North County police agencies, as well as the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, to collaborate on enforcement actions and intelligence regarding these weapons. This task force is intended to be a proactive effort to seize these illegal guns.

1 The federal High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas program assists federal, state and local law enforcement agencies operating in areas determined to be critical drug-trafficking regions.

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In the last three years, the department has confiscated 42 ghost guns.

These two examples of ghost gun seizures illustrate how pervasive they have become:
• One ghost gun was thrown from a vehicle during a 2.8-mile pursuit that followed a traffic stop on May 11, 2023. The driver threw a 9mm non-serialized ghost gun out of the window of the vehicle before ultimately crashing. The gun was later recovered from the middle of the roadway.
• Two loaded 9mm non-serialized ghost guns were found and seized after an investigation of a fatal overdose at a local convenience store in August 2023, along with a seizure of illegal narcotics, including fentanyl. The suspect in that case is a multi-time convicted felon who was booked on numerous narcotics sales and weapons charges.

Expanding use of technology
The Carlsbad Police Department is consistently looking for innovative ways to fight crime, and technology continues to evolve and assist police departments to work proactively and in real- time, rather than reactively. This is extremely important given the ever-increasing need to be more strategic and efficient with the resources we have.

Along with its Crime Analysis and Response model and the multiple database software systems that assist in deterring, investigating, and solving crimes, the department has found license plate readers to be a vital piece of technology. License plate readers assist officers in apprehending criminals and investigators working on crime trends such as organized retail crime, auto thefts, residential burglaries and violent crime.

License plate readers in the city of Carlsbad have been highly successful in apprehending criminals responsible for crime trends that otherwise may be difficult to solve, such as the recent residential burglaries.

License plate readers
The following examples highlight the benefits of using license plate readers to take suspects into custody, recover stolen property and ghost guns, as well as prevent future crimes:
• In April 2022 - A license plate reader spotted a stolen vehicle near Melrose Avenue and Palomar Airport Road. Officers found it a few miles away and took juveniles into custody. A loaded 9mm non-serialized ghost gun was found under the passenger seat.

The juveniles were arrested for possession of the stolen vehicle and the non-serialized firearm.
• In January 2023 - A group entered a Carlsbad drugstore and stole approximately $700 worth of multivitamins and over-the-counter medications. Police Department investigators determined the group was part of an organized retail theft crew suspected in numerous thefts from other stores throughout Southern California, including stores in Carlsbad. The investigators found the suspects’ license plate and added it to the license plate reader database as a “hot plate,” which would trigger a notification to the police department if the license plate was scanned within the city. More than three weeks later, the license plate was scanned entering the city at El Camino Real and Plaza Drive.

Officers located the suspect vehicle as it was approaching another drug store. Inside the vehicle, officers found two bags of merchandise that had been stolen from other retail Feb. 6, 2024
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stores. The evidence was collected and returned to the stores they were stolen from, and all suspects were taken into custody with charges from multiple jurisdictions. (A similar incident occurred in May 2023, involving a different organized retail theft crew that was responsible for over 20 cases in San Diego County. The two suspects were taken into custody after their vehicle was located by a license plate reader.) • In December 2023 - A student was walking home from school at Highland Drive and Chestnut Avenue when she was struck by a vehicle as she was crossing the street. The suspect fled, but a witness was able to provide a description of the vehicle and the driver. Using the license plate reader database, investigators were able to identify a potential suspect vehicle. Investigators then obtained surveillance footage that captured a photo of the vehicle leaving the area, which matched the vehicle they had found using the database. The driver, who was on probation for assault and had a criminal history that included driving under the influence resulting in injuries, reckless driving, auto theft, robbery, carjacking, burglary, and felony evading, was arrested for felony hit-and- run and was returned to prison.
• In December 2023 - Surveillance video captured the license plate of a vehicle seen driving away from a home that had been burglarized. Officers determined that the license plate had been stolen from another vehicle in Carlsbad shortly before the burglary. Using the license plate reader database, officers were able to locate the suspect vehicle’s actual license plate when the vehicle entered the city before the commission of both crimes. With this information, investigators have been able to identify an organized crew that has been victimizing residents throughout the country and the investigation is still ongoing.

Real time crime center
One technological improvement the department is exploring is to create what is known as a real time crime center. Many police departments across the country are developing these centers to better leverage a broad range of current and evolving technologies. These centers enable law enforcement agencies to swiftly gain situational awareness, proactively identify threats and efficiently coordinate human resources for faster resolution of both routine and more serious incidents. The Carlsbad Police Department is researching ways to integrate technology to implement an effective real time crime center, with the safety of our officers and community in mind.

The core function of a real time crime center is data gathering, analysis and information-sharing to aid in decision-making and response coordination. This role is essential in maximizing limited resources and driving real-time-data-informed decisions.

According to the Bureau of Justice Assistance at the U.S. Department of Justice, a real time crime center can be used to:
• Monitor and analyze live data streams from security cameras, license plate readers, social media, computer-aided dispatch systems, criminal databases and other sources. • Better coordinate a department’s resources, including both officers and non-sworn personnel.
• Identify high-crime areas, active crimes in progress, high-profile offenders or re- offenders.

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• Help operators quickly visualize, correlate, and share relevant information with officers in the field and partner agencies through advanced analytics and mapping software. • Allow analysts, officers, dispatchers and detectives to all work on an active crime scene at the same time, without everyone having to be in the same location.

These centers enable a more proactive approach, helping law enforcement agencies do more with their available resources. Cities across the country, such as Elk Grove, CA, Albuquerque, NM, New York, NY, and Austin, TX, to name a few, have adopted them and have found they have helped make their communities safer. There are costs associated with adopting any new technology. The Police Department is in the preliminary stages of researching what those costs may be.

Community survey
The importance of having community input before any new technology adoption by the police department is paramount. It is also vitally important for the Police Department to balance privacy concerns with the adoption and implementation of technology. The Police Department, in conjunction with the Communication & Engagement Department, plans to conduct a community survey to assess how safe residents feel in the community, how satisfied they are with the Police Department and how comfortable the residents of Carlsbad are with the department’s adoption of innovative technology. This survey is planned to be launched this April.

Fiscal Analysis
There is no fiscal impact in receiving this report.

Next Steps
The Police Department will continue to track and monitor crime statistics and crime trends that affect the city of Carlsbad through effective crime analysis and proactive policing. The department will continue to evaluate and consider technology options that enhance the safety of our community.

Environmental Ev aluation
This action does not require environmental review because it does not constitute a project within the meaning of the California Environmental Quality Act under California Public Resources Code Section 21065 in that it has no potential to cause either a direct physical change or a reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment.

Exhibits

1. Mid-Year San Diego Association of Governments report, Crime in San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics

CJBULLETIN
Research findings from
the Criminal Justice
Clearinghouse
Exhibit 1
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Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 2 Introduction
Since 1980, SANDAG has been compiling
and reporting regional crime statistics for
San Diego County and remains the only local source
for regional statistics not available at the national level.

Up until this year, Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR)
statistics have been presented. However, this
standardized system has been replaced with the
California Incident Based Reporting System (CIBRS)/
National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS).

As such, this CJ Mid-Year Crime Bulletin presents
Group A CIBRS/NIBRS data for the first six months of
2021, 2022, and 2023, as well as a comparison of mid-
year 2022 UCR and CIBRS/NIBRS data. Additional
information regarding CIBRS/NIBRS and this
transition is provided at the end of this bulletin.

Mid-Year 2023 Crime
Statistics
Overall crime
There were 65,840 CIBRS/NIBRS Group A offenses in
the San Diego region for the first six months in 2023
(Appendix Table 1). This number was 8% lower than in
2022 (71,180), and -13% lower than in 2021 (75,266)
(Appendix Table 1).

Crimes against persons
Crimes against persons include 15 crime
offenses (murder, negligent manslaughter,
justifiable homicide, rape, sodomy, sexual
assault with object, fondling, aggravated
assault, simple assault, intimidation,
kidnapping/abduction, incest, statutory
rape, human trafficking-commercial sex
acts, and human trafficking involuntary
servitude). This category equates to the
UCR Part I violent crime category, which
includes four types of offenses (homicide,
rape, robbery, and aggravated assault).

Highlights
Six months into 2023, the
annualized mid-year crimes
against persons rate of 9.71 was 6%
lower than it was at mid-year 2022
(when it was 10.30). This decrease
reflected fewer rapes (-32%) and
homicides (-17%).

The annualized mid-year crimes
against property rate of 23.56 was
9% lower than the 25.88 reported
at mid-year 2022. Overall, there
were decreases for all categories
including 17% in burglaries, 12% in
robberies, 5% in larceny thefts,
and 4% in motor vehicle thefts.

The annualized mid-year crimes
against society rate of 7.26 was
also 5% lower that it was at mid-
year 2022 (7.64). The decrease
reflected a lower number of
weapon law violations (-15%) and
drug narcotic violations (-8%), but
there was an increase in drug
equipment violations (3%).

Figure 1
Proportion of Group A offenses A by crimes category at
mid-year 2023

Source: SANDAG; ARJIS.
58%
24%
18%
Crimes
against
property
Crimes
against
persons
Crimes
against
society
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Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 3 • According to CIBRS/NIBRS, a total of 15,766 crimes against persons incidents were reported to local law enforcement agencies in the region between January and June 2023 (Appendix Tables 1 and 7). This number was lower than in 2022 (-6%) (Appendix Tables 1 and 7) and 2021 (-4%) (not shown).
• The 2023 annualized1 crimes against persons rate of 9.71 per 1,000 residents was lower than it was in 2022 (10.30) and 2021 (10.08) (Figure 2 and Appendix Table 3). • Of the 18 jurisdictions with incident numbers large enough to compare in 2022 and 2023, 15 had a lower crime rate in 2023 and 3 had a higher rate (Appendix Table 3). • There were 44 homicides in 2023, compared to 53 in 2022 (Appendix Table 1). o For the 22 homicide incidents in which a motive could be determined (to date) in the first six months of 2023, arguments were the most frequent (55%), followed by gang involvement (23%), child abuse (9%), robbery (9%), and domestic violence (5%) (not shown).
• The number of non-consensual sex offenses reported to law enforcement in San Diego County in the first half of 2023 (679) represented a 28% decrease from 2022 (949) (Appendix Table 1).
• The 4,484 aggravated assaults reported during the first six months of the year represented an increase of 4% from the same timeframe last year (Appendix Table 1).

At the same time, the number of simple assaults incidents (9,096) which accounted for almost three in five (58%) of the total crimes against persons reported in 2023, decreased 9% from the 9,968 reported in 2022 (Appendix Table 1). Simple assaults include all assaults and attempted assaults which are not aggravated in nature and do not result in serious injury to the victim.
• The 1,132 reported acts of intimidation in mid-year 2023 increased 5% from 2022 (1,081) (Appendix Table 1).
• The 294 incidents of kidnapping and abduction for mid-year 2023 represented a decrease of 13% from 2022 (339) (Appendix Table 1).

1 The annualized mid-year crime rates per 1,000 residents are estimated by multiplying the number of crimes reported between January and June by two and dividing that number by the population which has been divided by 1,000.

Figure 2
Annualized crime rates by category at mid year 2021-2023

Source: SANDAG; ARJIS.

10.08 26.01

10.22 10.30

25.88 7.64

9.71 23.56

7.26 Crimes against
persons
Crimes against
property
Crimes against
society
Rate per 1,000 Population
2023
2022
2021
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Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 4 Crimes against property
Crimes against property include 12 crime offenses (robbery, burglary, larceny theft, motor vehicle theft, arson, destruction of property, counterfeiting/forgery, fraud, embezzlement, extorsion/blackmail, bribery, and stolen property). This category equates to the UCR Part I property crime category, which includes three types of offenses (burglary, larceny, and motor vehicle theft).
• A total of 38,276 crimes against property incidents were reported to law enforcement in the region during the
first six months of 2023 (Appendix Tables 1 and 8). This number was 9% lower than in 2022 and 2021 (42,044 and
42,270 respectively). In 2023, these types of crime
incidents accounted for almost six in every ten (58%)
crimes committed in the region (Appendix Table 1).
• The 2023 annualized crimes against property rate of 23.56 per 1,000 residents was lower than in 2022 (25.88) and
2021 (26.01) (Figure 2 and Appendix Table 4).
• Of the 19 jurisdictions with incident numbers large
enough to compare in 2022 and 2023, 17 had a lower
crime rate in the first six months of 2023 and 2 had a
higher rate (Appendix Table 4).
• The number of robberies across the region decreased 12% from mid-year 2022 (1,343) to 2023 (1,180) (Appendix Table 1). It should be noted that robbery was considered a
violent crime under UCR Part I.
• The 3,334 burglaries reported in the first half of 2023 represented a decrease of 17% from 2022 (4,001) (Appendix Table 1). • The number of larcenies reported in the region at mid-year 2023 (15,843), represented a 5% decrease from 2022 (16,671). Larcenies also represented around two in five (41%) of every crime against property incident reported at mid-year 2023 (Appendix Table 1). • Motor vehicle thefts decreased 4% from 5,992 in mid-year 2022 to 5,753 at mid-year 2023 (Appendix Table 1).
• Arsons reported across the region were down 40% from 2022 (Appendix Table 1). • There were 7,018 destruction of property (vandalism) offenses reported during the first six months of the year, 10% lower than in 2022 (7,807) (Appendix Table 1). • All other crimes against property categories were lower in 2023 compared to the previous year. These categories included a decrease of 14% in counterfeiting/forgery, 15% for fraud offenses, and 14% for embezzlement (Appendix Table 1).

Crimes against society
Crimes against society include 7 crime offenses (drug/narcotic violations, drug equipment violations, gambling offenses, pornography/obscene material, prostitution, weapon law violations, and animal cruelty). It should be noted that there was no comparable UCR Part I crime category.

What are the
most common
Group A
offenses?
In the first six months of 2023,
an average number of these 5
most common offenses were
reported per day:

Larceny/theft: 88
Simple assault: 50
Destruction of property: 39
Drug narcotic violations: 34
Motor vehicle thefts: 32

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Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 5 • A total of 11,798 crimes against society incidents were reported to law enforcement in the region between January and June 2023 (Appendix Tables 1 and 9). This number was lower than in 2022 (-5%) (Appendix Table 1) and 2021 (-29%) (not shown). • The 2023 annualized crimes against society rate of 7.26 per 1,000 residents was lower than in 2022 (7.64), and in 2021 (10.22) (Figure 2 and Appendix Table 5). • Of the 18 jurisdictions with incident numbers large enough to compare in the first six months of 2022 and 2023, 9 had a higher crime rate, 8 had a lower crime rate, and 1 had the same rate in 2023. (Appendix Table 5).
• The 6,153 drug/narcotic violations reported during the first six months of the year represented a decrease of 8% compared to 2022 (6,666). On the other hand, drug equipment violations (4,038) increased 3% compared to 2022 (3,902) and prostitution crime incidents (140) increased 40% from 2022 (100)2 (Appendix Table 1). • The 1,430 weapon law violation offenses reported in the first half of 2023 was 15% lower than in 2022 (1,674) (Appendix Table 1).

Most crime categories decreased from 2022 to 2023

2 Increase in prostitution crime incidents are due to large demand reduction operations across several jurisdictions.

Crime offenses that decreased Crime offenses that increased • Homicide
• Sex offenses
• Simple assault
• Kidnapping/Abduction
• Robbery
• Burglary
• Larceny theft
• Motor vehicle theft
• Arson
• Vandalism/Destruction of property
• Forgery
• Fraud
• Embezzlement
• Stolen property
• Drug violations
• Pornography
• Weapon violations
• Aggravated assault
• Intimidation
• Drug equipment violations
• Prostitution

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Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 6 Understanding the crime reporting transition
Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) System
The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) System was used and maintained nationally by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) since the 1920s. This crime reporting system collected data on eight index crimes and only reported information on the most serious crime or highest charge that occurred within each incident. For example, if someone breaks into a vehicle, commits a simple assault, and then commits a rape, UCR would only count the rape offense (highest offense), since in this hierarchy system, only the most severe charge is recorded.

UCR had two specific categories known as Part I (8 offenses) and Part II (21 offenses). Once crime data were submitted, there was no continuous updating.

National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS)
The National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) is an incident-based reporting system that was first created in the 1980s. The system collects data on all crimes or offenses reported to law enforcement agencies, not just the highest charges within those crimes.

NIBRS also collects more detailed information on each crime incident, as well as on separate offenses that occur within the same incident (e.g., an incident can include the crimes/offenses of rape, motor vehicle theft, and kidnapping). Law enforcement agencies must ensure that each offense is reported as a separate and distinct crime and not just a part of another offense. They must also report the date and time of the offense, location, victim and offender demographics, and the relationships between the individuals involved in the crime.

NIBRS has two specific crime categories known as Group A and Group B offenses. Group A offenses are the most serious crimes (e.g., murder, rape, robbery, and burglary). Group B offenses tend to be less serious in nature (e.g., disorderly conduct, curfew/loitering/vagrancy, drunkenness, and trespassing).

In order to comply with the FBI mandated NIBRS reporting deadline of 2021, San Diego County law enforcement agencies began cooperating with the Automated Regional Justice Information System (ARJIS) in 2016 to implement the new system and improve the quality and breadth of local crime data.

California Incident Based Reporting System (CIBRS)
The California Incident-Based Reporting System (CIBRS) is a specialized reporting system under NIBRS to help California law enforcement agencies collect data efficiently. This system enables agencies to transmit their NIBRS data to the California Department of Justice (CA- DOJ), which then forwards the data to the United States Department of Justice (US-DOJ), to ensure adherence to NIBRS reporting standards. San Diego County law enforcement agencies became CIBRS compliant in 2022, one year after commencing their NIBRS data reporting efforts.

CIBRS also has two specific crime categories: Group A with the most serious crimes (52 offenses) and Group B with the less serious crimes (8 offenses).

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Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 7 How do CIBRS and NIBRS differ?
The primary difference between CIBRS and NIBRS is that CIBRS is a state specific system that collects additional data elements (e.g., type of property stolen and its value, gang related crimes, hate crimes, and domestic violence incidents), while NIBRS is a national system that is used by law enforcement agencies across the United States with extra categories exclusive to federal and tribal law enforcement agencies (e.g., immigration violations, and fugitive offenses).

How do CIBRS/NIBRS compare to UCR?
In order to understand the differences between CIBRS/NIBRS and UCR, the following tables compare how mid-year 2022 (the only year both crime categorization systems were used) CIBRS/NIBRS statistics compare to UCR statistics. As these tables show, due to the inclusion of additional crime categories and the fact that multiple offenses can be included in each crime (not just the most serious), the total number of crimes against persons at mid-year 2022 was 16,730, compared to 4,842 Part I violent crimes under UCR (Table 2), the total number of crimes against property was 42,044, compared to 27,832 Part I UCR property crimes (Table 3), and there were 12,406 crimes against society (Table 4).

When considering regional crime statistics moving forward, it is important to remember that the 71,180 CIBRS/NIBRS total Group A crimes reported at mid-year 2022 compared to the 32,674 total Part I UCR crimes reported reflect the multiple differences between the reporting systems as described in more detail in Tables 1-4, rather than a change in criminal behavior.

Table 1: Differences between UCR and CIBRS/NIBRS

UCR CIBRS/NIBRS
• Most serious offense counted
• Includes 4 violent crimes and 3 property
crimes as Part 1 offenses
• Static database and not continuously
updated
• No mechanism to track whether crime is
attempted or committed
• Only gathers weapon information for
murder, robbery, and aggravated assaults
• Up to ten offenses counted
• Includes 15 crimes against persons, 26
crimes against property, and 11 crimes
against society as part of Group A
offenses
• Continuously updated database
• Tracks by labelling offenses with “A” for
attempted and “C” for completed
• Collects weapons information on all
violent crimes
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Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 8 Table 2: CIBRS/NIBRS vs UCR 2022 comparison
Crimes Against Persons 2022

CIBRS/NIBRS
2022
UCR
Murder 53 53
Negligent Manslaughter 2 N/A
Justifiable Homicide 0 N/A
Total Non-Consensual Sex Offenses 949 N/A
Rape 289 485
Sodomy 76 N/A
Sexual Assault with Object 55 N/A
Fondling 529 N/A
Aggravated Assault 4,294 4,304
Simple Assault 9,968 N/A
Intimidation 1,081 N/A
Kidnapping/Abduction 339 N/A
Total Consensual Sex Offenses: 42 N/A
Incest 0 N/A
Statutory Rape 42 N/A
Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts 0 N/A
Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude 2 N/A
Total 16,730 4,842
Source: SANDAG; ARJIS

Feb. 6, 2024
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Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 9 Table 3: CIBRS/NIBRS vs UCR 2022 comparison
Crimes Against Property 2022

CIBRS/NIBRS
2022
UCR
Robbery 1,343 1,360
Burglary/Breaking & Entering 4,001 3,880
Larceny/Theft Offenses 16,671 16,908
Motor Vehicle Theft 5,992 5,684
Arson 239 N/A
Destruction Of Property 7,807 N/A
Counterfeiting/Forgery 398 N/A
Fraud Offense 4,239 N/A
Embezzlement 91 N/A
Extortion/Blackmail 102 N/A
Bribery 1 N/A
Stolen Property Offenses 1,160 N/A
Total 42,044 27,832
Source: SANDAG; ARJIS
Table 4: CIBRS/NIBRS vs UCR 2022 comparison
Crimes Against Society 2022

CIBRS/NIBRS
2022
UCR
Drug/Narcotic Violations 6,666 N/A
Drug Equipment Violations 3,902 N/A
Gambling Offenses 4 N/A
Pornography/Obscene Material 33 N/A
Prostitution 100 N/A
Weapons Law Violation 1,674 N/A
Animal Cruelty 27 N/A
Total 12,406 N/A
Source: SANDAG: ARJIS
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 16 of 49
Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 10 Additional factors to note
The data provided in this mid-year crime report are collected from a continuously updated database. The crime numbers represent a point in time and may not reflect the current status of the database. For this report, data for ARJIS member agencies were downloaded from the CA-DOJ site on July 17, 2023, covering data from January 1 through June 30 for the years of 2021, 2022, and 2023. These data are operational in nature and subject to change, including changes to incidents and offenses which have already been posted on prior dates.

For this report, only Group A offense data were available and verified by all law enforcement agencies in the region.

Due to the different methodologies used to compile and report data between UCR and CIBRS/NIBRS, the crime numbers shown here are not comparable to prior reports.

The number and type of crimes can be influenced by several factors, including the degree of opportunity to commit crimes in a given jurisdiction, which can be related to the amount of commercial land use and ease of access to the area.

It should be noted that in 2021, Coronado Police Department, California State University San Marcos, San Diego State University, and the University of California San Diego did not provide data because they were not fully transitioned to CIBRS/NIBRS. In 2022, San Diego State University and the University of California San Diego did not provide data for the same reason. As such, crime rates and other comparisons to previous years in the Appendix tables for these agencies are not represented. Due to the small number of crimes these agencies had in previous year’s totals, these missing data do not have a significant effect on regional totals and rates presented here.

Crime statistics including Part B offenses as well as domestic violence, and hate crime incidents for January through December 2023 are expected to be available in March 2024.

If you have any questions about these numbers, please contact the Criminal Justice Research Division at (619) 699-1900. For more information about the SANDAG Criminal Justice Clearinghouse, please visit SANDAG.org/CJ.

Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 17 of 49
Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 11 Appendix Table 1
CIBRS/NIBRS Group A offenses
San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2021, 2022, and 2023
2021 2022 2023
Change
2022-2023
Crimes Against Persons
Murder 51 53 44 -17%
Negligent Manslaughter 0 2 0 --
Justifiable Homicide 2 0 0 --
Non-consensual Sex Offenses 981 949 679 -28%
Rape 327 289 197 -32%
Sodomy 97 76 46 -39%
Sexual Assault with Object 70 55 37 -33%
Fondling 487 529 399 -25%
Aggravated Assault 4,304 4,294 4,484 4%
Simple Assault 9,678 9,968 9,096 -9%
Intimidation 991 1,081 1,132 5%
Kidnapping/Abduction 329 339 294 -13%
Consensual Sex Offenses: 45 42 34 -19%
Incest 0 0 0 --
Statutory Rape 45 42 34 -19%
Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts 0 0 0 --
Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude 5 2 3 --
Total 16,386 16,730 15,766 -6%
Crimes Against Property
Robbery 1,189 1,343 1,180 -12%
Burglary/Breaking & Entering 3,671 4,001 3,334 -17%
Larceny/Theft Offenses 17,640 16,671 15,843 -5%
Motor Vehicle Theft 5,734 5,992 5,753 -4%
Arson 216 239 143 -40%
Destruction Of Property 7,774 7,807 7,018 -10%
Counterfeiting/Forgery 460 398 341 -14%
Fraud Offense 4,257 4,239 3,596 -15%
Embezzlement 73 91 78 -14%
Extortion/Blackmail 85 102 25 --
Bribery 2 1 0 --
Stolen Property Offenses 1,169 1,160 965 -17%
Total 42,270 42,044 38,276 -9%
Crimes Against Society
Drug/Narcotic Violations 9,156 6,666 6,153 -8%
Drug Equipment Violations 5,122 3,902 4,038 3%
Gambling Offenses 2 4 4 --
Pornography/Obscene Material 23 33 31 -6%
Prostitution 462 100 140 40%
Weapons Law Violation 1,832 1,674 1,430 -15%
Animal Cruelty 13 27 2 --
Total 16,610 12,406 11,798 -5%
Total Group A Offenses 75,266 71,180 65,840 -8%
Notes: Group A offenses include crimes against persons, crimes against property, and crimes against society. Percent changes are not represented if either comparison number used to compute the crime equals 30 or less.

Source: SANDAG
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 18 of 49
Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 12

Appendix Table 2
Annualized CIBRS/NIBRS Group A offenses crime rates per 1,000 population by jurisdiction
San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2021, 2022, and 2023
2021 2022 2023
Change
2022-2023
Carlsbad 43.95 45.37 38.55 -15%
Chula Vista 35.39 35.61 32.82 -8%
Coronado -- 37.26 42.64 14%
El Cajon 58.55 55.81 46.40 -17%
Escondido 54.94 53.45 42.74 -20%
La Mesa 47.16 46.27 49.64 7%
National City 56.93 55.70 54.86 -2%
Oceanside 59.56 56.40 46.66 -17%
San Diego 47.83 42.60 39.90 -6%
Sheriff - Total 40.49 39.45 34.34 -13%
Del Mar 47.51 66.17 47.85 -28%
Encinitas 43.32 44.12 34.98 -21%
Imperial Beach 45.75 41.38 38.72 -6%
Lemon Grove 71.04 63.50 68.79 8%
Poway 23.91 29.00 24.36 -16%
San Marcos 33.15 34.26 27.01 -21%
Santee 34.63 30.67 31.48 3%
Solana Beach 35.63 44.18 35.59 -19%
Vista 43.38 45.79 42.36 -7%
Unincorporated 41.40 38.86 33.01 -15%
Total 46.31 43.82 40.53 -8%
Notes: Group A offenses include crimes against persons, crimes against property, and crimes against society. "Sheriff- Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. "Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista). The annualized crime rate per 1,000 population reflects the number of incidents reported in the first six months of the year, times two, divided by the population which has been divided by 1,000. Percent changes are not represented if either comparison number used to compute the crime rate equals 30 or less.

Source: SANDAG; SANDAG Population and Housing Estimates, v2022 Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 19 of 49
Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 13 Appendix Table 3
Annualized crimes against persons rates per 1,000 population by jurisdiction San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2021, 2022, and 2023
2021 2022 2023
Change
2022-2023
Carlsbad 7.05 7.22 5.87 -19%
Chula Vista 7.97 8.94 7.48 -16%
Coronado -- 6.02 6.73 12%
El Cajon 13.08 12.53 11.32 -10%
Escondido 9.56 10.37 9.38 -10%
La Mesa 10.26 10.32 13.13 27%
National City 14.74 13.93 13.08 -6%
Oceanside 12.83 12.88 11.92 -7%
San Diego 9.26 9.48 8.84 -7%
Sheriff - Total 11.04 11.02 9.93 -10%
Del Mar 8.09 11.71 10.69 --
Encinitas 8.17 7.15 5.33 -25%
Imperial Beach 14.14 12.12 10.82 -11%
Lemon Grove 16.41 17.40 16.08 -8%
Poway 4.67 4.96 5.70 15%
San Marcos 9.47 7.67 6.56 -14%
Santee 8.62 8.57 7.35 -14%
Solana Beach 5.89 5.93 5.00 -16%
Vista 12.06 11.73 10.57 -10%
Unincorporated 12.15 12.66 11.53 -9%
Total 10.08 10.30 9.71 -6%
Notes: Crimes against persons include murder, negligent manslaughter, justifiable homicide, non-consensual sex offenses, consensual sex offenses, human trafficking: commercial sex acts, and human trafficking: involuntary servitude. "Sheriff-Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. "Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista). The annualized crime rate per 1,000 population reflects the number of incidents reported in the first six months of the year, times two, divided by the population which has been divided by 1,000. Percent changes are not represented if either comparison number used to compute the crime rate equals 30 or less.

Source: SANDAG; SANDAG Population and Housing Estimates, v2022 Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 20 of 49
Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 14 Appendix Table 4
Annualized crimes against property rates per 1,000 population by jurisdiction San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2021, 2022, and 2023
2021 2022 2023
Change
2022-2023
Carlsbad 29.06 31.82 27.10 -15%
Chula Vista 20.97 21.69 19.89 -8%
Coronado -- 25.77 29.09 13%
El Cajon 28.28 28.55 24.63 -14%
Escondido 27.45 28.80 23.55 -18%
La Mesa 29.60 30.59 28.74 -6%
National City 34.26 35.59 35.33 -1%
Oceanside 31.53 34.66 27.07 -22%
San Diego 30.78 28.32 26.27 -7%
Sheriff - Total 17.18 17.89 14.53 -19%
Del Mar 34.87 48.36 31.56 -35%
Encinitas 22.20 21.95 18.99 -13%
Imperial Beach 17.24 18.37 17.00 -7%
Lemon Grove 32.24 29.66 26.94 -9%
Poway 14.58 17.80 12.96 -27%
San Marcos 14.18 17.20 10.77 -37%
Santee 14.30 14.44 15.59 8%
Solana Beach 25.25 32.78 22.95 -30%
Vista 18.99 24.73 19.52 -21%
Unincorporated 16.13 15.14 12.44 -18%
Total 26.01 25.88 23.56 -9%
Notes: Crimes against property category include robbery, burglary/breaking & entering, larceny/theft offenses, motor vehicle theft, arson, destruction of property, counterfeiting/forgery, fraud offense, embezzlement, extortion/blackmail, bribery, and stolen property offenses. "Sheriff-Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. "Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista). The annualized crime rate per 1,000 population reflects the number of incidents reported in the first six months of the year, times two, divided by the population which has been divided by 1,000. Percent changes are not represented if either comparison number used to compute the crime rate equals 30 or less.

Source: SANDAG; SANDAG Population and Housing Estimates, v2022 Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 21 of 49
Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 15 Appendix Table 5
Annualized crimes against society rates per 1,000 population by jurisdiction San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2021, 2022, and 2023
2021 2022 2023
Change
2022-2023
Carlsbad 7.83 6.33 5.59 -12%
Chula Vista 6.45 4.98 5.45 9%
Coronado -- 5.48 6.82 24%
El Cajon 17.19 14.73 10.45 -29%
Escondido 17.93 14.28 9.81 -31%
La Mesa 7.29 5.36 7.77 45%
National City 7.93 6.18 6.44 4%
Oceanside 15.20 8.86 7.67 -13%
San Diego 7.78 4.80 4.79 <-1%
Sheriff - Total 12.26 10.54 9.88 -6%
Del Mar 4.55 6.11 5.60 --
Encinitas 12.96 15.02 10.66 -29%
Imperial Beach 14.37 10.90 10.90 0%
Lemon Grove 22.39 16.45 25.77 57%
Poway 4.67 6.23 5.70 -9%
San Marcos 9.51 9.38 9.68 3%
Santee 11.70 7.66 8.54 11%
Solana Beach 4.49 5.46 7.65 40%
Vista 12.34 9.33 12.26 31%
Unincorporated 13.12 11.06 9.04 -18%
Total 10.22 7.64 7.26 -5%
Notes: Crimes against society category includes drug/narcotic violations, drug equipment violations, gambling offenses, pornography/obscene material, prostitution, weapons law violation, and animal cruelty. "Sheriff-Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. "Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista). The annualized crime rate per 1,000 population reflects the number of incidents reported in the first six months of the year, times two, divided by the population which has been divided by 1,000. Percent changes are not represented if either comparison number used to compute the crime rate equals 30 or less.

Source: SANDAG; SANDAG Population and Housing Estimates, v2022 Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 22 of 49
Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 16 Appendix Table 6
CIBRS/NIBRS Group A offenses by jurisdiction
San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2021, 2022, and 2023
2021 2022 2023
Change
2022-2023
Carlsbad 2,542 2,622 2,228 -15%
Chula Vista 4,900 4,928 4,542 -8%
Coronado -- 415 475 14%
El Cajon 3,116 2,948 2,451 -17%
Escondido 4,159 4,027 3,220 -20%
La Mesa 1,429 1,399 1,501 7%
National City 1,758 1,712 1,686 -2%
Oceanside 5,180 4,880 4,037 -17%
San Diego 32,804 29,285 27,427 -6%
Sheriff - Total 18,408 17,911 15,588 -13%
Del Mar 94 130 94 -28%
Encinitas 1,337 1,357 1,076 -21%
Imperial Beach 605 543 508 -6%
Lemon Grove 974 865 937 8%
Poway 584 707 594 -16%
San Marcos 1,541 1,603 1,264 -21%
Santee 1,024 905 929 3%
Solana Beach 230 283 228 -19%
Vista 2,159 2,296 2,124 -7%
Unincorporated 9,860 9,222 7,834 -15%
Calif. State University San Marcos -- 110 70 -36%
San Diego State University -- -- 273 --
University of California San Diego -- -- 1,500 --
San Diego Harbor Police 882 694 673 -3%
California State Parks 88 249 169 -32%
Total 75,266 71,180 65,840 -8%
Notes: Group A offenses include crimes against persons, crimes against property, and crimes against society. "Sheriff- Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. “Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista). The annualized crime rate per 1,000 population reflects the number of incidents reported in the first six months of the year, times two, divided by the population which has been divided by 1,000. San Diego. Percent changes are not represented if either comparison number used to compute the crime rate equals 30 or less. It should be noted that Coronado Police Department, California State University San Marcos, San Diego State University, and University of California San Diego did not report CIBRS data for 2021 because data was not available; San Diego State University, and University of California did not report CIBRS data for 2022 because data was not available.

Source: SANDAG
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 23 of 49
Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 17 Appendix Table 7
Crimes against persons by jurisdiction
San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2021, 2022, and 2023
2021 2022 2023
Change
2022-2023
Carlsbad 408 417 339 -19%
Chula Vista 1,104 1,237 1,035 -16%
Coronado -- 67 75 12%
El Cajon 696 662 598 -10%
Escondido 724 781 707 -9%
La Mesa 311 312 397 27%
National City 455 428 402 -6%
Oceanside 1,116 1,114 1,031 -7%
San Diego 6,355 6,516 6,078 -7%
Sheriff - Total 5,021 5,003 4,506 -10%
Del Mar 16 23 21 --
Encinitas 252 220 164 -25%
Imperial Beach 187 159 142 -11%
Lemon Grove 225 237 219 -8%
Poway 114 121 139 15%
San Marcos 440 359 307 -14%
Santee 255 253 217 -14%
Solana Beach 38 38 32 -16%
Vista 600 588 530 -10%
Unincorporated 2,894 3,005 2,735 -9%
Calif. State University San Marcos -- 9 6 --
San Diego State University -- -- 42 --
University of California San Diego -- -- 397 --
San Diego Harbor Police 188 167 140 -16%
California State Parks 8 17 13 --
Total 16,386 16,730 15,766 -6%
Notes: Crimes against persons include murder, negligent manslaughter, justifiable homicide, non-consensual sex offenses, consensual sex offenses, human trafficking: commercial sex acts, and human trafficking: involuntary servitude. "Sheriff-Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. "Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista). The annualized crime rate per 1,000 population reflects the number of incidents reported in the first six months of the year, times two, divided by the population which has been divided by 1,000. Percent changes are not represented if either comparison number used to compute the crime rate equals 30 or less. It should be noted that Coronado Police Department, California State University San Marcos, San Diego State University, and University of California San Diego did not report CIBRS data for 2021 because data was not available; San Diego State University, and University of California did not report CIBRS data for 2022 because data was not available.

Source: SANDAG
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 24 of 49
Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 18 Appendix Table 8
Crimes against property by jurisdiction
San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2021, 2022, and 2023
2021 2022 2023
Change
2022-2023
Carlsbad 1,681 1,839 1,566 -15%
Chula Vista 2,903 3,002 2,753 -8%
Coronado -- 287 324 13%
El Cajon 1,505 1,508 1,301 -14%
Escondido 2,078 2,170 1,774 -18%
La Mesa 897 925 869 -6%
National City 1,058 1,094 1,086 -1%
Oceanside 2,742 2,999 2,342 -22%
San Diego 21,113 19,467 18,056 -7%
Sheriff - Total 7,811 8,122 6,595 -19%
Del Mar 69 95 62 -35%
Encinitas 685 675 584 -13%
Imperial Beach 228 241 223 -7%
Lemon Grove 442 404 367 -9%
Poway 356 434 316 -27%
San Marcos 659 805 504 -37%
Santee 423 426 460 8%
Solana Beach 163 210 147 -30%
Vista 945 1,240 979 -21%
Unincorporated 3,841 3,592 2,953 -18%
Calif. State University San Marcos -- 74 47 -36%
San Diego State University -- -- 200 --
University of California San Diego -- -- 868 --
San Diego Harbor Police 427 407 393 -3%
California State Parks 55 150 102 -32%
Total 42,270 42,044 38,276 -9%
Notes: Crimes against property category include robbery, burglary/breaking & entering, larceny/theft offenses, motor vehicle theft, arson, destruction of property, counterfeiting/forgery, fraud offense, embezzlement, extortion/blackmail, bribery, and stolen property offenses. "Sheriff-Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. "Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista). The annualized crime rate per 1,000 population reflects the number of incidents reported in the first six months of the year, times two, divided by the population which has been divided by 1,000. Percent changes are not represented if either comparison number used to compute the crime rate equals 30 or less. It should be noted that Coronado Police Department, California State University San Marcos, San Diego State University, and University of California San Diego did not report CIBRS data for 2021 because data was not available; San Diego State University, and University of California did not report CIBRS data for 2022 because data was not available.

Source: SANDAG
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 25 of 49
Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 19 Appendix Table 9
Crimes against society by jurisdiction
San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2021, 2022, and 2023
2021 2022 2023
Change
2022-2023
Carlsbad 453 366 323 -12%
Chula Vista 893 689 754 9%
Coronado -- 61 76 25%
El Cajon 915 778 552 -29%
Escondido 1,357 1,076 739 -31%
La Mesa 221 162 235 45%
National City 245 190 198 4%
Oceanside 1,322 767 664 -13%
San Diego 5,336 3,302 3,293 <-1%
Sheriff - Total 5,576 4,786 4,487 -6%
Del Mar 9 12 11 --
Encinitas 400 462 328 -29%
Imperial Beach 190 143 143 0%
Lemon Grove 307 224 351 57%
Poway 114 152 139 -9%
San Marcos 442 439 453 3%
Santee 346 226 252 12%
Solana Beach 29 35 49 40%
Vista 614 468 615 31%
Unincorporated 3,125 2,625 2,146 -18%
Calif. State University San Marcos -- 27 17 --
San Diego State University -- -- 31 --
University of California San Diego -- -- 235 --
San Diego Harbor Police 267 120 140 17%
California State Parks 25 82 54 -34%
Total 16,610 12,406 11,798 -5%
Notes: Crimes against society category includes drug/narcotic violations, drug equipment violations, gambling offenses, pornography/obscene material, prostitution, weapons law violation, and animal cruelty. "Sheriff-Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. "Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista). The annualized crime rate per 1,000 population reflects the number of incidents reported in the first six months of the year, times two, divided by the population which has been divided by 1,000. Percent changes are not represented if either comparison number used to compute the crime rate equals 30 or less. It should be noted that Coronado Police Department, California State University San Marcos, San Diego State University, and University of California San Diego did not report CIBRS data for 2021 because data was not available; San Diego State University, and University of California did not report CIBRS data for 2022 because data was not available.

Source: SANDAG
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 26 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 20 Appendix Table 10a
Number of crimes by offense by jurisdiction
San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2021

Carlsbad
Chula Vista
Coronado
El Cajon
Escondido
La Mesa
National
City
Oceanside
San Diego
Sheriff-Total
Del Mar
Encinitas
Imperial
Beach
Crimes Against Persons
Murder 1 5 -- 2 1 1 1 3 26 11 0 0 0
Negligent Manslaughter 0 0 -- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Justifiable Homicide 0 0 -- 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 Non-consensual Sex Offenses 31 75 -- 53 51 9 32 75 443 207 1 17 6 Rape 12 17 -- 13 12 5 9 27 169 60 0 4 1
Sodomy 4 9 -- 2 4 0 5 13 44 16 1 0 0
Sexual Assault with Object 1 6 -- 8 0 1 0 8 33 13 0 2 1 Fondling 14 43 -- 30 35 3 18 27 197 118 0 11 4 Aggravated Assault 80 312 -- 185 173 68 145 252 2,020 1,006 3 45 36 Simple Assault 240 574 -- 386 414 218 242 659 3,396 3,449 12 176 126 Intimidation 47 79 -- 54 58 8 22 101 357 241 0 11 17 Kidnapping/Abduction 8 55 -- 14 22 6 13 19 101 87 0 2 2 Consensual Sex Offenses 1 4 -- 2 4 1 0 7 12 14 0 0 0 Incest 0 0 -- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Statutory Rape 1 4 -- 2 4 1 0 7 12 14 0 0 0
Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts 0 0 -- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude 0 0 -- 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 Total 408 1,104 -- 696 724 311 455 1,116 6,355 5,021 16 252 187 Crimes Against Property
Robbery 20 142 -- 55 73 21 45 75 544 205 0 14 11 Burglary/Breaking & Entering 157 203 -- 106 173 99 69 210 1,714 905 8 88 19 Larceny/Theft Offenses 817 1,137 -- 640 936 399 397 1,298 8,912 2,865 36 333 62 Motor Vehicle Theft 96 464 -- 179 295 104 171 211 3,197 1,005 2 54 54 Arson 12 26 -- 15 19 6 10 19 82 25 0 1 1
Destruction Of Property 223 457 -- 295 297 94 227 583 4,192 1,287 10 92 49 Counterfeiting/Forgery 38 40 -- 22 19 19 14 31 122 148 3 11 3 Fraud Offense 249 348 -- 130 201 126 74 258 1,876 964 8 73 22 Embezzlement 3 5 -- 3 1 2 1 5 33 19 1 3 0
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 27 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 21

Carlsbad
Chula Vista
Coronado
El Cajon
Escondido
La Mesa
National
City
Oceanside
San Diego
Sheriff-Total
Del Mar
Encinitas
Imperial
Beach
Extortion/Blackmail 3 12 -- 2 4 0 3 11 26 24 0 3 0 Bribery 0 1 -- 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
Stolen Property Offenses 63 68 -- 58 60 27 47 41 414 364 1 13 7 Total 1,681 2,903 -- 1,505 2,078 897 1,058 2,742 21,113 7,811 69 685 228 Crimes Against Society
Drug/Narcotic Violations 252 406 -- 468 795 125 124 706 3,306 2,843 5 171 89 Drug Equipment Violations 158 330 -- 348 375 62 40 479 1,282 1,956 4 146 86 Gambling Offenses 0 0 -- 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 Pornography/Obscene Material 1 2 -- 2 2 0 3 5 4 4 0 0 0 Prostitution 1 32 -- 0 80 0 33 3 131 182 0 59 0 Weapons Law Violation 40 122 -- 97 105 32 45 129 609 584 0 24 15 Animal Cruelty 1 1 -- 0 0 2 0 0 2 7 0 0 0
Total 453 893 -- 915 1,357 221 245 1,322 5,336 5,576 9 400 190 Total Group A Offenses 2,542 4,900 -- 3,116 4,159 1,429 1,758 5,180 32,804 18,408 94 1,337 605 Notes: Group A offenses include crimes against persons, crimes against property, and crimes against society. "Sheriff-Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. "Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista). It should be noted that Coronado Police Department, Cal State University San Marcos, San Diego State University, and University of California San Diego did not report CIBRS data for 2021 because data was not available.

Source: SANDAG
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 28 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 22 Appendix Table 10b
Number of crimes by offense by jurisdiction
San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2021

Lemon
Grove
Poway
San Marcos
Santee
Solana
Beach
Vista
Unincorpo-
rated
CSUSM
SDSU
UCSD
Harbor
California
State Parks
Crimes Against Persons
Murder 1 0 1 0 0 0 9 -- -- -- 0 0
Negligent Manslaughter 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- -- 0 0 Justifiable Homicide 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- -- 0 0 Non-consensual Sex Offenses 7 6 18 14 6 25 107 -- -- -- 5 0 Rape 2 1 8 2 3 9 30 -- -- -- 3 0
Sodomy 1 3 0 0 1 2 8 -- -- -- 0 0
Sexual Assault with Object 0 0 2 3 0 0 5 -- -- -- 0 0 Fondling 4 2 8 9 2 14 64 -- -- -- 2 0
Aggravated Assault 59 19 80 49 7 132 576 -- -- -- 59 4 Simple Assault 136 78 315 172 19 394 2,021 -- -- -- 98 2 Intimidation 20 7 18 16 1 31 120 -- -- -- 22 2
Kidnapping/Abduction 1 4 8 3 5 14 48 -- -- -- 4 0 Consensual Sex Offenses 0 0 0 1 0 4 9 -- -- -- 0 0 Incest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- -- 0 0
Statutory Rape 0 0 0 1 0 4 9 -- -- -- 0 0
Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- -- 0 0 Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 -- -- -- 0 0 Total 225 114 440 255 38 600 2,894 -- -- -- 188 8 Crimes Against Property
Robbery 22 11 21 21 1 33 71 -- -- -- 9 0
Burglary/Breaking & Entering 40 43 76 44 34 121 432 -- -- -- 30 5 Larceny/Theft Offenses 139 135 272 189 63 358 1,278 -- -- -- 209 30 Motor Vehicle Theft 62 28 85 31 16 112 561 -- -- -- 11 1 Arson 1 2 0 3 0 6 11 -- -- -- 2 0
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 29 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 23

Lemon
Grove
Poway
San Marcos
Santee
Solana
Beach
Vista
Unincorpo-
rated
CSUSM
SDSU
UCSD
Harbor
California
State Parks
Destruction Of Property 110 42 117 60 20 161 626 -- -- -- 103 16 Counterfeiting/Forgery 4 8 5 9 4 13 88 -- -- -- 7 0 Fraud Offense 38 59 63 45 19 111 526 -- -- -- 29 2 Embezzlement 2 6 0 0 0 2 5 -- -- -- 1 0
Extortion/Blackmail 1 2 0 2 1 2 13 -- -- -- 0 0 Bribery 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- -- 0 0
Stolen Property Offenses 23 20 20 19 5 26 230 -- -- -- 26 1 Total 442 356 659 423 163 945 3,841 -- -- -- 427 55 Crimes Against Society
Drug/Narcotic Violations 154 61 180 162 14 340 1,667 -- -- -- 118 13 Drug Equipment Violations 119 40 115 160 9 203 1,074 -- -- -- 82 10 Gambling Offenses 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- -- 0 0
Pornography/Obscene Material 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 -- -- -- 0 0 Prostitution 1 0 92 0 0 0 30 -- -- -- 0 0
Weapons Law Violation 33 13 55 24 6 70 344 -- -- -- 67 2 Animal Cruelty 0 0 0 0 0 1 6 -- -- -- 0 0
Total 307 114 442 346 29 614 3,125 -- -- -- 267 25 Total Group A Offenses 974 584 1,541 1,024 230 2,159 9,860 -- -- -- 882 88 Notes: Group A offenses include crimes against persons, crimes against property, and crimes against society. "Sheriff-Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. “Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista). It should be noted that Coronado Police Department, Cal State University San Marcos, San Diego State University, and University of California San Diego did not report CIBRS data for 2021 because data was not available.

Source: SANDAG
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 30 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 24 Appendix Table 11a
Number of crimes by offense by jurisdiction
San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2022

Carlsbad
Chula Vista
Coronado
El Cajon
Escondido
La Mesa
National
City
Oceanside
San Diego
Sheriff-Total
Del Mar
Encinitas
Imperial
Beach
Crimes Against Persons
Murder 0 2 0 1 0 0 3 4 31 12 0 0 1
Negligent Manslaughter 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Justifiable Homicide 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Non-consensual Sex Offenses 42 66 10 47 56 13 41 77 420 172 1 6 7 Rape 12 13 6 11 15 5 12 22 155 37 0 1 1
Sodomy 3 2 0 4 2 2 0 3 49 9 0 1 0
Sexual Assault with Object 3 0 0 6 6 1 1 2 26 10 1 0 0 Fondling 24 51 4 26 33 5 28 50 190 116 0 4 6 Aggravated Assault 88 333 21 189 166 48 106 246 2,030 1,005 1 48 36 Simple Assault 240 681 31 354 468 219 231 672 3,543 3,427 19 155 99 Intimidation 39 100 2 47 54 29 28 99 377 290 1 7 13 Kidnapping/Abduction 7 53 3 23 32 1 15 11 108 80 0 3 2 Consensual Sex Offenses 1 2 0 1 5 2 3 4 7 17 1 1 1 Incest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Statutory Rape 1 2 0 1 5 2 3 4 7 17 1 1 1
Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Total 417 1,237 67 662 781 312 428 1,114 6,516 5,003 23 220 159 Crimes Against Property
Robbery 19 152 3 55 75 20 45 100 641 229 1 9 12 Burglary/Breaking & Entering 161 271 28 147 225 84 97 248 1,803 888 16 77 21 Larceny/Theft Offenses 818 1,123 116 555 862 446 442 1,293 7,625 3,095 35 344 93 Motor Vehicle Theft 111 492 10 169 332 101 153 255 3,232 1,124 11 63 34 Arson 6 23 0 15 13 9 4 27 91 45 0 0 0
Destruction Of Property 273 470 62 309 352 115 231 671 3,880 1,255 7 77 59 Counterfeiting/Forgery 25 25 6 23 17 8 7 37 116 125 1 8 0 Fraud Offense 323 365 39 182 227 123 99 283 1,663 894 20 73 11 Embezzlement 7 3 2 6 2 0 5 4 30 30 1 4 1
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 31 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 25

Carlsbad
Chula Vista
Coronado
El Cajon
Escondido
La Mesa
National
City
Oceanside
San Diego
Sheriff-Total
Del Mar
Encinitas
Imperial
Beach
Extortion/Blackmail 11 10 4 2 3 1 2 16 26 26 0 6 0 Bribery 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Stolen Property Offenses 85 68 17 45 62 18 9 65 360 410 3 14 10 Total 1,839 3,002 287 1,508 2,170 925 1,094 2,999 19,467 8,122 95 675 241 Crimes Against Society
Drug/Narcotic Violations 197 319 24 386 711 89 89 415 1,808 2,523 5 203 76 Drug Equipment Violations 128 218 21 301 244 56 64 262 816 1,733 5 236 52 Gambling Offenses 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 Pornography/Obscene Material 2 5 2 2 2 0 0 2 5 13 0 0 0 Prostitution 1 12 1 2 2 0 1 0 76 5 0 0 0
Weapons Law Violation 37 133 13 86 115 17 36 85 590 498 1 23 15 Animal Cruelty 1 2 0 1 2 0 0 3 3 14 1 0 0
Total 366 689 61 778 1,076 162 190 767 3,302 4,786 12 462 143 Total Group A Offenses 2,622 4,928 415 2,948 4,027 1,399 1,712 4,880 29,285 17,911 130 1,357 543 Notes: Group A offenses include crimes against persons, crimes against property, and crimes against society. "Sheriff-Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. "Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista). It should be noted that San Diego State University and University of California San Diego did not report CIBRS data for 2022 because data was not available.

Source: SANDAG
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 32 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 26 Appendix Table 11b
Number of crimes by offense by jurisdiction
San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2022

Lemon
Grove
Poway
San Marcos
Santee
Solana
Beach
Vista
Unincorpo-
rated
CSUSM
SDSU
UCSD
Harbor
California
State Parks
Crimes Against Persons
Murder 1 0 0 1 0 0 9 0 -- -- 0 0
Negligent Manslaughter 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- 2 0 Justifiable Homicide 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- 0 0 Non-consensual Sex Offenses 11 6 14 12 2 23 90 1 -- -- 3 1 Rape 4 3 3 6 1 6 12 1 -- -- 0 0
Sodomy 0 0 0 1 0 0 7 0 -- -- 1 1
Sexual Assault with Object 0 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 -- -- 0 0 Fondling 7 3 11 4 1 17 63 0 -- -- 2 0
Aggravated Assault 53 17 59 59 4 131 597 0 -- -- 59 3 Simple Assault 144 84 258 158 25 382 2,103 4 -- -- 88 10 Intimidation 23 12 23 18 7 38 148 3 -- -- 10 3 Kidnapping/Abduction 5 1 4 5 0 13 47 1 -- -- 5 0 Consensual Sex Offenses 0 1 1 0 0 1 11 0 -- -- 0 0 Incest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- 0 0
Statutory Rape 0 1 1 0 0 1 11 0 -- -- 0 0
Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- 0 0 Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- 0 0 Total 237 121 359 253 38 588 3,005 9 -- -- 167 17 Crimes Against Property
Robbery 28 10 33 18 2 47 69 0 -- -- 4 0
Burglary/Breaking & Entering 38 42 89 37 25 154 389 3 -- -- 35 11 Larceny/Theft Offenses 122 197 341 199 109 483 1,172 21 -- -- 203 72 Motor Vehicle Theft 61 25 107 34 16 191 582 0 -- -- 10 3 Arson 5 1 3 3 0 7 26 0 -- -- 4 2
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 33 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 27

Lemon
Grove
Poway
San Marcos
Santee
Solana
Beach
Vista
Unincorpo-
rated
CSUSM
SDSU
UCSD
Harbor
California
State Parks
Destruction Of Property 74 58 119 52 20 173 616 35 -- -- 106 48 Counterfeiting/Forgery 2 11 3 5 1 17 77 5 -- -- 3 1 Fraud Offense 55 65 65 62 31 108 404 4 -- -- 26 11 Embezzlement 2 3 2 1 0 3 13 0 -- -- 2 0
Extortion/Blackmail 1 5 1 1 0 0 12 1 -- -- 0 0 Bribery 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- 0 0
Stolen Property Offenses 16 17 41 14 6 57 232 5 -- -- 14 2 Total 404 434 805 426 210 1,240 3,592 74 -- -- 407 150 Crimes Against Society
Drug/Narcotic Violations 93 72 221 117 17 268 1,481 15 -- -- 44 46 Drug Equipment Violations 106 67 149 80 15 149 874 10 -- -- 20 29 Gambling Offenses 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- -- 0 0
Pornography/Obscene Material 1 1 4 0 0 1 6 0 -- -- 0 0 Prostitution 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 0 -- -- 0 0
Weapons Law Violation 23 11 64 28 3 48 282 2 -- -- 55 7 Animal Cruelty 1 1 1 1 0 1 8 0 -- -- 1 0
Total 224 152 439 226 35 468 2,625 27 -- -- 120 82 Total Group A Offenses 865 707 1,603 905 283 2,296 9,222 110 -- -- 694 249 Notes: Group A offenses include crimes against persons, crimes against property, and crimes against society. "Sheriff-Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. “Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista). It should be noted that San Diego State University and University of California San Diego did not report CIBRS data for 2022 because data was not available.

Source: SANDAG
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 34 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 28 Appendix Table 12a
Number of crimes by offense by jurisdiction
San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2023

Carlsbad
Chula Vista
Coronado
El Cajon
Escondido
La Mesa
National
City
Oceanside
San Diego
Sheriff-Total
Del Mar
Encinitas
Imperial
Beach
Crimes Against Persons
Murder 0 3 1 1 1 0 0 2 25 11 0 0 0
Negligent Manslaughter 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Justifiable Homicide 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Non-consensual Sex Offenses 24 52 6 41 36 11 30 56 291 109 0 12 5 Rape 9 18 2 11 12 2 3 21 90 19 0 2 2
Sodomy 4 3 1 1 4 0 4 1 21 7 0 0 0
Sexual Assault with Object 1 1 1 2 0 1 3 4 18 5 0 0 0 Fondling 10 30 2 27 20 8 20 30 162 78 0 10 3 Aggravated Assault 70 336 18 154 207 75 101 286 1,963 1,140 3 49 32 Simple Assault 190 503 32 325 402 255 227 582 3,292 2,925 15 91 87 Intimidation 45 110 16 60 38 46 31 80 398 243 1 6 16 Kidnapping/Abduction 7 30 1 15 20 10 10 20 97 71 2 6 1 Consensual Sex Offenses 3 1 1 2 3 0 3 5 9 7 0 0 1 Incest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Statutory Rape 3 1 1 2 3 0 3 5 9 7 0 0 1
Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 Total 339 1,035 75 598 707 397 402 1,031 6,078 4,506 21 164 142 Crimes Against Property
Robbery 27 100 2 49 61 24 58 47 578 203 0 13 7 Burglary/Breaking & Entering 126 176 25 121 170 89 82 250 1,441 719 12 51 7 Larceny/Theft Offenses 740 1,061 124 508 797 365 393 1,006 7,605 2,482 26 311 58 Motor Vehicle Theft 87 590 37 143 176 87 189 185 3,180 946 10 50 70 Arson 2 16 1 13 7 1 6 13 57 25 0 2 1
Destruction Of Property 259 481 62 253 341 108 232 509 3,423 1,073 2 57 40 Counterfeiting/Forgery 26 22 3 18 18 12 16 38 80 80 0 6 3 Fraud Offense 239 255 59 134 155 130 89 241 1,362 766 12 76 23 Embezzlement 4 2 0 4 3 1 1 5 38 19 0 0 0
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 35 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 29

Carlsbad
Chula Vista
Coronado
El Cajon
Escondido
La Mesa
National
City
Oceanside
San Diego
Sheriff-Total
Del Mar
Encinitas
Imperial
Beach
Extortion/Blackmail 1 2 2 0 0 2 0 0 7 4 0 1 0 Bribery 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Stolen Property Offenses 55 48 9 58 46 50 20 48 285 278 0 17 14 Total 1,566 2,753 324 1,301 1,774 869 1,086 2,342 18,056 6,595 62 584 223 Crimes Against Society
Drug/Narcotic Violations 172 366 35 263 453 116 85 354 1,794 2,285 4 158 68 Drug Equipment Violations 112 268 28 212 180 103 56 252 957 1,690 6 142 58 Gambling Offenses 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 Pornography/Obscene Material 1 8 1 2 0 1 1 2 8 6 0 0 0 Prostitution 6 6 0 0 19 0 20 0 65 24 0 6 1
Weapons Law Violation 32 106 12 75 87 15 36 56 464 481 1 22 16 Animal Cruelty 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
Total 323 754 76 552 739 235 198 664 3,293 4,487 11 328 143 Total Group A Offenses 2,228 4,542 475 2,451 3,220 1,501 1,686 4,037 27,427 15,588 94 1,076 508 Note: Group A offenses include crimes against persons, crimes against property, and crimes against society. "Sheriff-Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. "Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista).

Source: SANDAG

Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 36 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 30 Appendix Table 12b
Number of crimes by offense by jurisdiction
San Diego Region, Mid-Year 2023

Lemon
Grove
Poway
San Marcos
Santee
Solana
Beach
Vista
Unincorpo-
rated
CSUSM
SDSU
UCSD
Harbor
California
State Parks
Crimes Against Persons
Murder 2 0 3 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 0 0
Negligent Manslaughter 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Justifiable Homicide 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Non-consensual Sex Offenses 2 3 5 10 0 15 57 0 4 11 8 0 Rape 1 0 0 2 0 4 8 0 4 2 4 0
Sodomy 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0
Sexual Assault with Object 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 Fondling 1 2 4 8 0 10 40 0 0 8 4 0
Aggravated Assault 67 34 74 56 10 141 674 0 5 75 50 4 Simple Assault 128 89 210 133 18 319 1,835 4 25 255 73 6 Intimidation 11 12 7 13 4 40 133 2 8 46 7 2
Kidnapping/Abduction 9 1 6 4 0 13 29 0 0 10 2 1 Consensual Sex Offenses 0 0 2 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 Incest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Statutory Rape 0 0 2 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0
Human Trafficking, Commercial Sex Acts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Human Trafficking, Involuntary Servitude 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 219 139 307 217 32 530 2,735 6 42 397 140 13 Crimes Against Property
Robbery 22 4 20 21 2 32 82 0 0 24 7 0
Burglary/Breaking & Entering 26 44 44 42 27 124 342 0 11 89 33 2 Larceny/Theft Offenses 126 160 216 227 72 366 920 12 105 365 214 66 Motor Vehicle Theft 58 27 70 43 8 149 461 2 9 87 33 2 Arson 0 1 3 2 0 0 16 0 1 1 0 0
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 37 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 31

Lemon
Grove
Poway
San Marcos
Santee
Solana
Beach
Vista
Unincorpo-
rated
CSUSM
SDSU
UCSD
Harbor
California
State Parks
Destruction Of Property 57 39 82 50 16 188 542 25 54 107 70 21 Counterfeiting/Forgery 2 5 6 7 0 12 39 5 3 12 8 0 Fraud Offense 65 30 46 57 20 77 360 2 11 130 14 9 Embezzlement 2 0 0 3 0 2 12 0 0 1 0 0
Extortion/Blackmail 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 5 2 0 0
Bribery 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Stolen Property Offenses 9 6 17 8 2 29 176 1 1 50 14 2 Total 367 316 504 460 147 979 2,953 47 200 868 393 102 Crimes Against Society
Drug/Narcotic Violations 134 63 229 129 23 367 1,110 8 13 116 64 29 Drug Equipment Violations 205 53 169 101 23 187 746 6 11 103 39 21 Gambling Offenses 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pornography/Obscene Material 0 1 1 0 0 0 4 0 0 1 0 0 Prostitution 0 2 0 0 0 10 5 0 0 0 0 0
Weapons Law Violation 12 20 54 22 3 51 280 3 7 15 37 4 Animal Cruelty 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Total 351 139 453 252 49 615 2,146 17 31 235 140 54 Total Group A Offenses 937 594 1,264 929 228 2,124 7,834 70 273 1,500 673 169 Note: Group A offenses include crimes against persons, crimes against property, and crimes against society. "Sheriff-Total" includes the contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, as well as crime reported in the Sheriff's "other" category that includes the Sheriff's detention facilities, courts staffed by the Sheriff, and crimes reported to the Sheriff that were determined to have occurred in a city not served by the Sheriff or at a location for which jurisdiction could not be determined. "Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas for which crime data are not individually shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista).

Source: SANDAG
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 38 of 49

Crime in the San Diego Region Mid-Year 2023 Statistics 32 Appendix Table 13
Population by jurisdiction
San Diego Region, 2021, and 2022/2023
2021 2022/2023
Change
2021-
2022/2023
Carlsbad 115,680 115,585 <-1%
Chula Vista 276,922 276,785 <-1%
Coronado 22,611 22,277 -1%
El Cajon 106,447 105,638 -1%
Escondido 151,389 150,679 <-1%
La Mesa 60,608 60,472 <-1%
National City 61,755 61,471 <-1%
Oceanside 173,932 173,048 -1%
San Diego 1,371,832 1,374,790 <1%
Sheriff - Total 909,276 907,968 <-1%
Del Mar 3,957 3,929 -1%
Encinitas 61,724 61,515 <-1%
Imperial Beach 26,448 26,243 -1%
Lemon Grove 27,422 27,242 -1%
Poway 48,850 48,759 <-1%
San Marcos 92,958 93,585 1%
Santee 59,146 59,015 <-1%
Solana Beach 12,909 12,812 -1%
Vista 99,536 100,291 1%
Unincorporated 476,326 474,577 <-1%
Camp Pendleton 38,051 38,593 1%
Total 3,250,452 3,248,713 <-1%
Notes: Populations used to compute crime rates reflect the most current finalized California Department of Finance estimates. "Sheriff-Total" includes contract cities and the unincorporated area served by the San Diego County Sheriff's Department. Pendleton population is excluded from Sheriff's unincorporated area and included in the region total. "Unincorporated" includes 4S Ranch, Alpine, Fallbrook, Lakeside, Ramona, Spring Valley, and Valley Center, as well as the unincorporated areas not shown (Campo, Julian, Pine Valley, Ranchita, and the unincorporated areas of Encinitas, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Poway, San Marcos, Santee, and Vista).

Source: SANDAG; SANDAG Population and Housing Estimates, v2022 Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 39 of 49
Firearm Crime in the
San Diego Region
Data Analysis
from 2022
Research ﬁndings from the Criminal Justice Research Division as part of the Project Safe Neighborhoods program in collaboration with the Southern District of the U.S. Attorney’s Ofﬁce December 2023
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CJBRIEF
Research ﬁndings from
the Criminal Justice
Clearinghouse
Exhibit 2
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 40 of 49
Firearm Crime in the San Diego Region 2
Introduction
In 2022, the SANDAG Criminal Justice Research
Division began to track crimes that involve
ﬁrearms around the region from law enforcement
data maintained in the Automated Regional
Justice Information System (ARJIS). These data
include the number of homicides, robberies, and
assaults that involve the use of ﬁrearms by
jurisdiction and location; the number of arrests for
ﬁrearm-related offenses by jurisdiction and
location; and the number of calls for service (CFS)
for shots-ﬁred and other ﬁrearm-related offenses
directly from local law enforcement agencies.

Additionally, SANDAG has been conducting
interviews with arrestees in local jails as part of
the Substance Abuse Monitoring (SAM) project
regarding access and use of ﬁrearms in crimes,
including those known as “ghost guns.”
1 This CJ Brief examines the issue of ﬁrearm-related
crime, access to and use of ﬁrearms in crimes, and
law enforcement’s response to ﬁrearm-related
crime in the San Diego region.

This publication is possible thanks to the
collaboration with the U.S. Attorney’s Ofﬁce for
the Southern District of California (SDCA) and The
Children’s Initiative (TCI) as part of the Project
Safe Neighborhoods (PSN) program, a nationwide
initiative that brings together federal, state, local,
and tribal law enforcement ofﬁcials, prosecutors,
community leaders, and other stakeholders to
identify the most pressing violent crime problems
in a community and develop comprehensive
solutions to address them.
2 Highlights
• The region experienced a daily
average of 26.1 ﬁrearm-related
calls for service (CFS) in 2022.
• While the number of violen
t
c
rimes increased in 2022, the
p
roportion of those that
involved the use of a ﬁrearm
decreased from 17% in 2021 to
14% in 2022.
• Arrestees that used a ﬁrearm in
committing a crime most often
used it in robberies or drug
deals.
• For the ﬁrst time since 2019,
2022 saw a decrease in th
e
n
umber of ghost guns seized in
the region.
• Arrestees that reported ever
buying a ghost gun, all said it
was “Easy” or “Very Easy” to
o
btain.
• Since 2019, there has been an
incre
ase in the percent of
arrests for ﬁrearm-related
offenses, while there has been
an overall downward trend in
total arrest numbers.
1 Ghost guns or Privately Made Firearms (PMFs) are ﬁrearms that are not serialized with a registration number. There are a few varieties of ghost guns that are in circulation. One type is built from a kit containing 80% of a completed gun (i.e., the gun’s lower receiver), but require a barrel and slide to be added to be fully assembled. Another variety of ghost gun is entirely 3D printed and manufactured with plastic materials. 2 This project was supported by Grant No. 2020-GP-BX-0078 awarded by the Bureau of Justice Assistance. The Bureau of Justice Assistance is a component of the Department of Justice's Ofﬁce of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, the Ofﬁce of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Ofﬁce for Victims of Crime, and the SMART Ofﬁce. Points of view or opinions in this document are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the ofﬁcial position or policies of the U.S.

Department of Justice.

Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 41 of 49
Firearm Crime in the San Diego Region 3
The Issue of Firearm-Related Crime
The San Diego region, much like other metropolitan areas, have growing concerns about gun crimes and their impact on public safety. To understand this multi-faceted issue, it is important to gather data from several different valid sources. The analyses conducted with these data can help inform policies and law enforcement strategies.

Firearm-Related Calls for Service
Although not every call for service (CFS) results in a crime incident, it can be used as a measure of ﬁrearm activity. In addition, CFS data can be indicative of demand for police service.

The volume of ﬁrearm-related CFS in the San Diego region increased 34% from 2019 to 2020, but has decreased since the high in 2020 (Figure 1).
3 Overall, there was a daily average of 21.5
ﬁrearm-related CFS in 2019, 28.2 in 2020, 27.9 in 2021, and 26.1 in 2022.

Figure 1: Number of Firearm-Related Calls for Service in the San Diego Region, 2019-2022

Source: SANDAG
Firearms and Violent Crime
The total number of violent crimes (i.e., homicide, robbery, aggravated assault) has increased every year between 2019 and 2022 in the San Diego region, with the percentage of violent crimes that involve the use of a ﬁrearm also increasing from 12% in 2019, to 17% in 2021 (Figure 2). The upward trend reverted in 2022 with a 3% decline to 14%, but this was still higher than 2019 (Figure 2).

3 It is important to note that while a CFS may be considered ﬁrearm-related, citizens that report shots ﬁred may have heard a sound resembling a gunshot, but no shot occurred. 7,849
10,550 10,183
9,512
2019 2020 2021 2022

Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 42 of 49
Firearm Crime in the San Diego Region 4
Figure 2: Number of Violent Crimes with and without a Firearm in the San Diego Region, 2019-2022

Source: SANDAG; ARJIS
Looking at the crime categories separately, the percentage of homicides that involved a ﬁrearm saw increases from 51% in 2019, to 56% in 2020 and 2021, and a decrease to 55% in 2022 (Table 1). Robberies that involved a ﬁrearm saw slight increases from 14% in 2019, to 17% in 2020 and 2021, and a 3% decline in 2022 (Table 1). Aggravated assaults that involved a ﬁrearm also increased from 11% in 2019, to 15% in 2020, to 16% in 2021, but decreased to 14% in 2022 (Table 1).4
Table 1: Number of Violent Crimes and the Percent that Involved a Firearm in the San Diego Region, 2019-2022
Crime Type 2019 2020 2021 2022
Homicide 78
(51%)
107
(56%)
112
(56%)
98 (55%)
Robbery 2 ,814
(14%)
2,392
(17%)
2,316
(17%)
2,514
(14%)
Aggravated Assault 5,586
(11%)
6,098
(15%)
6,587
(16%)
6,756
(14%)
Sources: SANDAG; ARJIS
Note: The percentages in the parentheses represent the proportion of that crime category for that given year that involved a firearm.

4 It should be noted that increases in violent crime during the COVID-19 pandemic are not unique to the San Diego region, as similar increases were seen in several major metropolitan areas. Rosenfeld, R., Boxerman, B., & Lopez, E. (2023). Pandemic, social unrest, and crime in U.S. cities: Year-End 2022 Update. Council on Criminal Justice. 12% 16% 17% 14%
88% 84% 83% 86%
2019 2020 2021 2022
With Firearm Without Firearm
8,478 8,597 9,015 9,368
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 43 of 49
Firearm Crime in the San Diego Region 5
Access to and Use of Firearms
Part of this project involved interviews of arrestees in local jails to learn about access to and usage of ﬁrearms.5 In 2022, 232 male and 113 female arrestees were interviewed. Through interviewing the arrestee population, it is possible to gain insights into access and usage of guns in crime that may not have been gained otherwise.

Access to Guns
Over one-third (36%) of arrestee respondents reported ever having a gun, but of those, only 17% (1 in 6) reported having a gun in the past 30 days. Interviewees owned, carried, or possessed a median of three guns,6 which is more than the average 1.21 guns per American citizen.7 In terms of how the ﬁrearms were obtained, the median number obtained illegally (M=1) was higher than those legally obtained (M=0) (data not shown).

Not including ghost guns, over three-fourths (77%) of arrestees reported that getting a gun was “Very Easy” or “Easy” (Figure 3). When asked how they obtained their ﬁrearm, most of them bought it (Figure 4). Of those that purchased their ﬁrearm, most of them did from friends, gun shops, or off the street (Figure 5).

Figure 3: Obtaining Firearm Difﬁculty

Source: SANDAG
Note: Missing data not included.

5 Access to these interviewees was due in part to SANDAG’s Substance Abuse Monitoring (SAM) project. 6 The median is the value that is in the middle of a dataset when it is ordered. Medians are often used when there are outliers that might skew the average of the values. Due to the high standard deviations, medians are presented. 7 Karp, A. (2018). Estimating global civilian-held ﬁrearms numbers. Small Arms Survey. Available at https://www.smallarmssurvey.org/sites/default/files/resources/SAS-BP-Civilian-Firearms-Numbers.pdf 47%
30%
15%
8%
Easy
Very Easy
Difficult
Very Difficult
Total = 104
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 44 of 49
Firearm Crime in the San Diego Region 6
Figure 4: Method of Obtaining Firearm

Figure 5: Location of Firearm Purchase

Source: SANDAG
Note: Missing data not included.

71%
26%
9%
5%
3%
7%
3%
Bought
Given as a gift
Held the gun for someone
Inherited
Other
Traded something for it
Stole it
37%
33%
23%
8%
8%
5%
3%
1%
From a friend
Gun Shop
Off the street
Family member
On the Internet
Pawnshop
Gun Show
Other Total = 79
Total = 117
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 45 of 49
Firearm Crime in the San Diego Region 7
Access to Ghost Guns
Untraceable ghost guns can be problematic for law enforcement and for the safety of the public. As such, it is important to closely examine the frequency in which arrestees bought ghost guns and how they obtained them. Nearly one ﬁfth (18%) of the arrestee respondents reported buying a ghost gun.

Of those respondents that reported buying a ghost gun, all reported that it was “Easy” or “Very Easy” to acquire the parts to build a ghost gun (not shown). 8 It will be challenging to
regulate ghost guns as laws can make it more difﬁcult to legally purchase ﬁrearms, but they are still limited in preventing the purchase and compilation of ghost guns or its parts.

The Use of Firearms in Crime
In addition to understanding access to ﬁrearms, it is important to examine how guns are used in crimes.

Nearly one third (32%) of arrestee respondents reported carrying a gun when committing a crime. Of those instances, drug deals and robberies were reported as the most frequent types of crimes (Figure 6).

Figure 6: Type of Crime Committed While Carrying a Gun

Note: Missing data not included. Percentages will not add to 100% as the response categories were not mutually exclusive.

Source: SANDAG

8 This question was asked on a four-point scale from Very Difﬁcult to Very Easy; however, none of the respondents indicated it was difﬁcult or very difﬁcult to obtaining parts to build a ghost gun. 47%
28%
22%
13%
13%
3%
Robbery
Drug Deal
Burglary
Assault
Motor Vehicle Theft
Homicide
Total = 32
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 46 of 49
Firearm Crime in the San Diego Region 8
Law Enforcement Response to Firearm-
Related Crime
Ghost Gun Seizures
Citizens and law enforcement agencies have expressed their concern about the growing trend of unregistered and untraceable ghost guns.9
The number of ghost guns seized in the region has increased each year from 2019 to 2021, though 2022 marked the ﬁrst year in which there was a decrease (Figure 7). It is difﬁcult to determine if increases are due to actual increases in activity or better tracking of the activity, and on the other hand if decreases are a sign of reduced activity, better concealment of such activity, or state/federal operations that may be occurring concurrently, thus not being counted in the regional numbers.
10 Figure 7: Number of Ghost Guns Seized in the San Diego Region, 2019-2022

Source: SANDAG

9 California Ofﬁce of the Attorney General. (2022, October 7). Attorney General Bonta Announces Arrest of Suspect with Illegal Ghost Guns, Machine Gun Kits, and Assault Weapons [Press release]. https://oag.ca.gov/news/press- releases/attorney-general-bonta-announces-arrest-suspect-illegal-ghost-guns-machine- gun#:~:text=The%20number%20of%20illegal%20ghost,impacts%20the%20work%20of%20DOJ. 10 Agencies varied in how they tracked ghost guns seized and when they started collected said data. Several departments use a Firearm Manufactured by Unlicensed Subject (FMBUS) number to tag these incidents while others used a special studies code. Also, some departments started tracking ghost gun seizures in 2019 while some started in late 2021 and retroactively tagged some incidents from prior years. Because there is currently no standardized way to track these data, it is important to note that these values are likely an undercount. These values can also be an undercount as state and federal agencies also make gun crime arrests that are not counted by the local agencies. 199
448
996
784
2019 2020 2021 2022
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 47 of 49

Firearm Crime in the San Diego Region 9
Arrests for Firearm-Related Crime
In addition to examining crimes committed with a ﬁrearm, it is important to examine law enforcement’s response to said crimes. These data can indicate where more resources are possibly needed and can be applied in justice system planning. At the time of this publication, arrest data from 2022 was not available.

There has been an overall downward trend of total arrests in the region over the last two years, which in part can be attributed to changes in law enforcement arrest protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the percentage of arrests for ﬁrearm-related offenses increased from 4% in 2019 to 8% in 2020 and 13% in 2021 (Figure 8). As departments issued more warnings and citations for less serious offenses during 2020 and 2021, law enforcement likely focused making arrests in more serious incidents, particularly those that involved ﬁrearms.
11 Figure 8: Total Number of Arrests and Arrests for Firearm Related Offenses in the San Diego Region, 2019-2021

Source: SANDAG

11 Over 360 existing felony and misdemeanor level ﬁrearm-related penal and municipal codes were included to examine the number of arrests for ﬁrearm-related offenses by jurisdiction and location. A list of these codes are available upon request.
4% 8% 13%
96% 92% 87%
2019 2020 2021
Firearm Related Other Arrests
89,149
61,920
58,272
Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 48 of 49
Firearm Crime in the San Diego Region 10
Final Takeaway
There are multiple facets to ﬁrearm-related crime in the San Diego region. While the total number of violent crimes has increased from 2019 to 2022, the proportion of those committed with a ﬁrearm decreased from 17% in 2021 to 14% in 2022—albeit still higher than in 2019. Also, the region experienced increases in ghost gun seizures from 2019 to 2021, but 2022 was the ﬁrst year that marked a decrease in seizures. However, it is important to frame these ﬁndings within the context of a pandemic and its impacts on citizen behavior, and protocols and priorities by law enforcement.

There are data limitations to answer pressing questions (i.e., the level of ghost gun activity in the region) which may limit our understanding of the full extent of ghost gun activity in the region. As such, it is important for law enforcement agencies and stakeholders to continue collaborating to share available information and resources, collect comprehensive data, and adapt policies accordingly to ensure the safety and well-being of the community.

For example, there are other efforts in the region to understand gun violence.

In June 2023, San Diego County released a gun violence reduction community needs assessment report.
12 In this report, the Health Assessment and Research for Communities (HARC) organization highlights important information about ﬁrearm-related violence, such as the high disproportion of ﬁrearm-related homicide, with a rate among Black individuals of

9.9 per 100,000 residents, as opposed to 1.0 for White individuals. Additionally, the report points to the spatial concentration of ﬁrearm-related deaths mainly in the Central and East Suburban areas of the County. While the report highlights a general sentiment of safety in the communities (66.5% of survey participants), still a large number report a concern about gun violence (60.8%). The same report found, however, that from 2017 to 2022 most of the ﬁrearm-related deaths in the region have been due to suicide (70.9%). These ﬁndings emphasize the utility of different data sources and metrics to gain insight and understand a little deeper the complexities when looking into gun violence and gun-related deaths.

To continue the region’s efforts to shed light on gun violence, this brief will be updated on an annual basis to provide trend insights on ﬁrearm-related crime and ghost gun seizures.

Additionally, SANDAG will provide supplementary updates on a semi-annual basis to compare data to the previous year. Trend data is important to help identify possible surges or decreases in crime. Additionally, analyzing trend data over time can help policymakers implement targeted interventions.

12 For more information: https://engage.sandiegocounty.gov/gvrp Feb. 6, 2024
Item #10 Page 49 of 49
1 Police Department Update
Christie Calderwood, Assistant Chief of Police
Mickey Williams, Chief of Police
February 6, 2024

ITEM #10 POLICE DEPT. UPDATE

STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Receive update from the Police Department
regarding crime statistics, crime trends and
technology in the future.
2 TODAY’S PRESENTATION
• Crime stats
• Crime trends
• Police response
• Technology in the future
• Community Collaboration
3 ITEM# 10 POLICE DEPT. UPDATE

4 ITEM# 10 POLICE DEPT. UPDATE
The San Diego Association of
Governments (SANDAG) published San
Diego County’s 2023 Mid-Year Crime
Report
The report includes an analysis on
crime statistics within San Diego
County at mid-year

5 Figure 2
Annualized crime rates by category at mid year 2021-2023 Crimes against society

7.26 7.64
Rate per 1,000 Population

10.22 Crimes against property

23.56 2023
2022
2021
Crimes against persons

9.71 Source: SANDAG; ARJIS.

10.30 10.08

25.88 26.01
MID-YEAR CRIME RATE IN 2023 VS. 2022
2022-2023
City of Carlsbad
Crimes Against Persons -19%
Crimes Against Property -15%
Crimes Against Society -12%
County of San Diego
Crimes Against Persons -6%
Crimes Against Property -9%
Crimes Against Society -5%
6 ITEM #10 POLICE DEPT. UPDATE
7 CRIME TRENDS
ITEM #10 POLICE DEPT. UPDATE

BURGLARIES

NARCOTIC OVERDOSES

RESPONSE TO CRIME TRENDS

GHOST GUNS

ORGANIZED RETAIL THEFT
8 POLICE INITIATIVES

GHOST GUN

AD-HOC TASK FORCE

ODMAP &

OVERDOSE

INVESTIGATIONS
9 ITEM #10 POLICE DEPT. UPDATE
FUTURE TECHNOLOGY =

REAL-TIME CRIME CENTER
Use technology and analytics to gather valuable
information and ultimately solve crimes in real
time.
10 ITEM #10 POLICE DEPT. UPDATE

COMMUNITY

COLLABORATION
Our community members are our partners in
fighting crime.
11 ITEM #10 POLICE DEPT. UPDATE

STAFF RECOMMENDATION
Receive update from the Police Department
regarding crime statistics, crime trends and
technology in the future.
12

Carlsbad City CouncilFebruary 6, 2024

Carlsbad City Council
February 6, 2024