2025-11-04; City Council; 06; Introduction of an Ordinance to Adopt the 2025 California Building Code and Related California Codes for Construction along with Local Amendments and Setting a Public Hea

CA Review MK
Meeting Date: Nov. 4, 2025
To: Mayor and City Council
From: Geoff Patnoe, City Manager
Staff Contact: Mike Strong, Assistant Director of Community Development [email protected], 442-339-2271
Subject: Introduction of an Ordinance to Adopt the 2025 California Building Code and Related California Codes for Construction along with Local Amendments and Setting a Public Hearing for Dec. 2, 2025 (MCA 2025- 0001)
Districts: All
Reco
mmended Action
1) Introduce an ordinance amending Carlsbad Municipal Code Chapters 18.03 – General Provisions, 18.04 – Building Code, 18.08 – Historical Building Code, 18.09 – Existing Building Code, 18.10 – Mechanical Code, 18.12 – Electrical Code, 18.16 – Plumbing Code, 18.18 – Solar Energy Code, 18.19 – Dangerous Building Code, 18.20 – Residential Code, 18.21 – Green Building Standards Code and 18.30 – Energy Conservation Regulations; and 2) Set a public hearing for Dec. 2, 2025, to consider adoption of the ordinance.

Executive Summary
Every three years, the California Building Standards Commission updates the state’s model building codes, which local jurisdictions enforce to protect public health and safety. The most recent model building codes will become effective on Jan. 1, 2026, and are applicable to the city whether adopted by the city or not. If the city wishes to adopt local amendments to the state model codes, ordinances containing local amendments must be adopted in a timely manner.

The purpose of the Nov. 4, 2025, City Council meeting is to introduce for first reading an ordinance that adopts the 2025 California Building Standards Code with local amendments in Title 18 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code.

The proposed ordinance makes only minor, mostly technical updates to ensure consistency and compliance with recent state revisions and local code amendments. Many of the proposed local amendments are being carried over from previously adopted code cycles and have been adjusted for reference changes or format changes in the new codes.

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The city is adopting the state model codes by reference, so it is necessary to notice and hold a public hearing before the adoption.1 The public hearing to adopt the ordinance is tentatively scheduled for Dec. 2, 2025, and staff is recommending that the City Council set Dec. 2, 2025, as the public hearing date to consider adoption of the proposed ordinance.

Explanation & Analysis
Background
The California Building Standards Commission is the state agency responsible for establishing and updating the building standards and codes for the construction and occupancy of buildings and structures in the state. The model codes that make up the California Building Standards Code, Code of Regulations Title 24, include the following code sections:
• International Building Code
• National Electrical Code
• International Residential Code
• Uniform Mechanical Code
• Uniform Plumbing Code
• Green Building Code
The model codes are updated every three years with the requirement that local jurisdictions enforce the state-adopted codes as the minimum standard for the construction and maintenance of buildings, electrical systems, plumbing systems, mechanical systems, and fire and life safety systems. The need for updates provides an opportunity for review of implementing ordinances and enforcement procedures. Under state l aw, the Building Standards Code applies throughout the state and to all building occupancies, whether or not the local government has adopted the new building standards in its municipal code.

The current 2022 Building Standards Code was published July 1, 2022, with an effective date of Jan. 1, 2023, through Dec. 31, 2025. Building permit applications filed with the city on or after Jan. 1, 2026, will be subject to the newly adopted codes and city ordinances.

Building Code adoption (Revised for years 2026-2029)
The proposed ordinance being introduced would adopt the latest version of the state’s model codes (California Title 24 building codes). Specifically, this includes the 2025 California Building Code, 2025 California Residential Code, the 2025 California Mechanical Code, the 2025 California Plumbing Code, the 2025 California Electrical Code, the 2025 California Existing Building Code, the 2025 California Green Building Standards Code, etc. with certain appendices and local amendments.

Local amendments to building standards, including amendments to adopt model code appendix chapters or make changes to appendix chapters, require express findings for each amendment.

These findings are included in the ordinance presented to the City Council for introduction and Attachment A to Exhibit 1. After the ordinance is adopted, the local amendments and new building standards must be submitted to the California Building Standards Commission for review and approval.
1 “By reference” means a document is incorporated into the text of a primary document through a statement that the secondary document should be treated as if it was contained within the primary one.

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In the past, the state allowed local amendments to the state model codes when findings could be made that such code changes were necessary to address locally unique climatic, topographical or geological conditions, and environmental conditions in the case of amendments to the California Green Building Standards Code. However, California recently implemented a six-year freeze on new building code amendments, as part of a budget bill signed by Governor Newsom (Assembly Bill 130). The law prohibits local changes to building standards affecting both new and existing residential buildings unless certain conditions apply. (Refer to Exhibit 3 for more background information.) Moving forward, local jurisdictions will need to consider these conditions when attempting to modify the state building standards.

Re-adopting enabling ordinances that are substantially similar to the local amendments adopted in 2022 qualifies as one of the exceptions. Similarly, from Oct. 1, 2025, to June 1, 2031, the California Building Standards Commission is generally prohibited from making changes to provisions that are published in the California Building Standards Code and that apply to residential units unless certain conditions are met (e.g., deemed necessary as emergency standards to protect health and safety).

For the most part, the proposed ordinance consists of minor changes (such as reference changes or format changes), which are necessary to bring Title 18 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code into compliance with the state’s recent revisions and local amendments. Exhibit 4 summarizes some of the key changes in the state’s model codes. Although the state model codes are not significantly different than the 2022 version, there has been some reorganization of the codes that necessitates local amendments to update section numbering and cross-references. In addition to addressing compliance with state law mandates, the proposed ordinance addresses consistency throughout the codes.

The proposed ordinance also includes a new local amendment to Chapter 9 of the California Building Code (which applies to fire protection and life safety systems) to align with a previously adopted amendment to Chapter 9 of the Fire Code.

The public hearing on the proposed ordinance will be held on Dec. 2, 2025, a procedure required because the ordinance adopts various adopted state codes by reference (Government Code Sections 50022.1 through 50022.10).

Reach Codes – Separate agenda item
Every three years, the state adopts new model codes to establish uniform construction standards.

In recent years, the term “reach code” has been used to describe a local government’s ability to exceed state building code regulations to support or implement its environmental goals, such as those included in the city’s Climate Action Plan. Reach codes reduce greenhouse gas emissions by reducing reliance on natural gas and gasoline through refocusing energy consumption toward electrification. To help achieve the state’s energy efficiency and greenhouse gas reduction goals, the City Council adopted Ordinance No. CS-347 on March 12, 2019, to require more energy efficiency measures and more stringent photovoltaic requirements in new and existing buildings than the baseline statewide requirements.

As
construction techniques and technological improvements continue to evolve, certain reach codes that were previously adopted by the city may no longer be needed to reach greenhouse gas reduction targets. Following the adoption of the Climate Action Plan Update in 2024, the City Council approved a minute motion directing staff to identify opportunities to modify building Nov. 4, 2025
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code standards to address concerns raised by small businesses. A future staff report will be prepared for the City Council’s consideration to facilitate the focused conversation. It will provide more background and detailed information, including alternative recommendations should the City Council be interested in modifying the city’s reach codes.

If the City Council directs staff to move forward and modify the current reach codes, the amended code sections would be adopted in a separate ordinance. It is anticipated that this staff report could be presented to the City Council in Jan. 2026.

Fi
scal Analysis
There is no direct fiscal impact associated with the proposed project.

Next Steps
The City Clerk’s Office will publish a summary of the ordinance twice in a newspaper of general circulation between the introduction date and the public hearing and adoption date, in accordance with the California Government Code requirements for adoption of a state code by reference. The City Clerk’s Office will then schedule the ordinance for a public hearing and adoption.

Once it is adopted, the Community Development Department will file a copy of the ordinance and related findings with the California Building Standards Commission, and the City Clerk’s Office will publish the ordinance or a summary of the ordinance in a newspaper of general circulation within 15 days. The ordinance will be effective on Jan. 1, 2026, subject to its filing with the California Building Standards Commission.

All Building Division staff will need additional training to understand how the new state model code requirements apply to building plan submittal, plan review and inspections. Prior to the effective date, Building Division staff will continue to undergo comprehensive training on the new codes and update all application forms to reference and align with the 2025 California Building Standards Code. Only the building permit applications submitted to the Building Division after Jan. 1, 202 6, will be subject to the 202 5 California Building Standards Code. All pipeline building permit applications will remain subject to the current building codes.

Environmental Evaluation
The proposed action is exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act because it qualifies for the “common sense” exemption, covered by the general rule under CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3), which provides that a project is exempt from CEQA if it has no potential to cause either a direct physical change in the environment, or a reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment.

Most of the local amendments to the codes proposed as part of this project are necessary from an administrative standpoint and are general policy and procedure rulemaking. The city is considering the re-adoption of its enabling ordinances with reference changes to align the state’s recent model code revisions. There are no reasonably foreseeable adverse environmental impacts and there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment. Furthermore, the proposed project involves the adoption of state building codes and standards that are applied to ministerial, or non-discretional, permits. CEQA Guidelines Section 15300.1 and California Public Resources Code Section 21080 exempt projects over which public agencies exercise only ministerial authority from the application of CEQA.

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Exhibits

1. City Council ordinance

2. Ordinance showing proposed changes

3. Background information on Assembly Bill 130

4. Summary of state model code changes

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Exhibit 1
ORDINANCE NO. CS-498 .

N ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA, AMENDING CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL CODE CHAPTERS 18.03 – GENERAL PROVISIONS, 18.04 – BUILDING CODE, 18.08 – HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE, 18.09 – EXISTING BUILDING CODE, 18.10 – MECHANICAL CODE, 18.12 – ELECTRICAL CODE, 18.16 – PLUMBING CODE, 18.18 – SOLAR ENERGY CODE, 18.19 – DANGEROUS BUILDING CODE, 18.20 – RESIDENTIAL CODE, 18.21 – GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS CODE, AND 18.30 – ENERGY

CONSERVATION REGULATIONS
W
HEREAS, California Health and Safety Code Section 17958 imposes the requirement s of certain uniform industry building standards adopted by the State pursuant to California Health and Safety Code Section 17922; and
WHEREAS, the State adopted the 202 5 editions of the California Administrative Code, the California Building Code, the California Residential Code, the California Electrical Code, the California Mechanical Code, the California Plumbing Code, the California Energy Code, the California Historical Building Code, the California Fire Code, the California Existing Building Code, the California Green Building Standards Code, and the California Referenced Standards Code, known collectively as the California Building Standards Code, and comprising Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations; and WHEREAS, the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials published the 2024 edition of the Uniform Solar, Hydronics, and Geothermal Code; and WHEREAS the aforementioned technical codes establish minimum requirements to safeguard the public health, safety, and general welfare through building standards to regulate the construction of buildings throughout the State; and
WHEREAS, the City Council has previously adopted by reference portions of prior editions of the technical codes with local amendments, additions, and deletions; and WHEREAS, the City Council desires to continue the practice of adopting by reference the most current versions of the uniform building standards; and WHEREAS, California Health and Safety Code Sections 17958.5, 17958.7, and 18941.5 authorize the City of Carlsbad to make reasonably necessary changes and modifications to building standards contained in the California Building Standards Code based on climatic, geologic , or topographical conditions, except that from October 1, 2025, to June 1, 2031, inclusive, the city shall not make changes Nov. 4, 2025
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that are applicable to residential units unless one of the state-mandated conditions listed in California Health and Safety Code Section 17958(b) exists; and
WHEREAS, California Health and Safety Code Section 17958(b) allows a city to make changes to building code standards applicable to residential units between October 1, 2025 to June 1, 2031 if the changes or modifications are substantially equivalent to changes or modifications that had been previously adopted; and
WHEREAS, local amendments may be made both to a triennial California Building Standards Code update and also to its individual parts during the intervening years; however, the required findings for all previous and current local amendments must be re-adopted with each triennial state code update; and
WHEREAS, the City Council held a duly noticed public hearing, and upon hearing and considering all testimony, arguments, and public comments, if any, of all persons desiring to be heard, the City Council has considered all factors related to the changes proposed to Carlsbad Municipal Code Title 18 and all local amendments to the California Building Standards Code.

NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Carlsbad, California, ordains as follows that:

SECTION I: T he above recitations are true and correct.

SECTION II: The proposed action to amend the below-listed chapters of Title 18 to adopt by reference the 2025 Building Standards Code does not require environmental review under the “Common Sense” exemption (State CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3)). The project consists of minor changes and modifications, administrative in nature, which are necessary to bring the city's building regulations into compliance with state law.

SECTION III. Local amendments carried over from previously adopted code cycles to the 2025 code cycle must be adjusted for reference changes or format changes in the new codes. The local amendments are substantially equivalent to changes previously filed by the city (by Ordinance Nos. CS-436 and CS-437, 2022 and Ordinance No.

CS-476, 2024).

SECTION IV. The City Council finds that all amendments to the California Building Standards Code (previously adopted or re -adopted for reference changes or format changes) are reasonably necessary because of local climatic, geological, Nov. 4, 2025
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topographical and environmental conditions, which are described in Attachment A to this ordinance.

SECTION V. All projects under construction prior to Jan. 1, 2026 may continue under approvals made prior to Jan . 1, 2026, until completion of the project, including all of the remaining phases and tenant improvements as shown on the approved building plan set, provided that the approved design remains unchanged. New designs, changes and/or replacement products shall conform to the provisions of this ordinance. All projects in plan check prior to Jan . 1, 2026, have one year to complete the plan review process and obtain a building permit to be constructed under the provisions of Title 18 that existed at the time the initial submittal was made.

SECTION VI: Section 18.03.010 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.03.010 California Building Standards Code.

A. This title shall serve as the technical codes for building, property, health, and safety regulations for the city, which are partially comprised of the 2025 edition of the California Title 24 Codes, or California Building Standards Codes, as defined in California Health and Safety Code Section 18901 et seq. At the time of the enactment of this title, the California Building Standards Codes is comprised of Part 1 California Administrative Code; Part 2 California Building Code; Part 2.5 California Residential Code; Part 3 California Electrical Code; Part 4 California Mechanical Code; Part 5 California Plumbing Code; Part 6 California Energy Code; Part 8 California Historical Building Code; Part 9 California Fire Code; Part 10 California Existing Building Code; Part 11 California Green Building Standards Code; and Part 12 California Referenced Standards Code.

B. The provisions of the codes and standards referenced in the California Building Standards Codes shall be considered part of the requirements of this title to the prescribed extent of each such reference.

C. The building official or designee shall enforce the applicable provisions of the California Building Standards Codes, with such additions, deletions, and modifications, as are adopted in them, with the exception of those provisions of the Fire Code, 2025 edition, which are to be enforced by the Fire Chief. The building official may develop guidelines or division policies to implement, administer, and enforce this title.

D. Where the phrase or reference to "name of jurisdiction" or "jurisdiction" appears in the California Building Standards Codes, such phrase or reference shall be construed by the reader to mean the same thing as the "City of Carlsbad" and the use of the term shall be interchangeable.

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E. Amendments to the building standards contained in the codes published by the model code organizations (ICC, IAPMO, and NFPA) by California state agencies, are applicable only to those occupancies or uses which the state agency making the amendment is authorized to regulate.

F. Existing and proposed legislation may affect the requirements contained in this title at any time. In the event of any conflict between this title and any applicable federal, state, or local law, rule, or regulation shall supersede this code and shall be effective and enforceable immediately. This section is declaratory of existing law and is not to be construed as suggesting that such was not the purpose and intent of previous adoptions of the California Building Standards Code.

G. The provisions of this title shall not be construed as imposing upon the City of Carlsbad any liability or responsibility for damage to persons or property resulting from defective work, nor shall the City of Carlsbad, or any official, employee, or agent of the city, be held as assuming any such liability or responsibility by reason of the review or inspections authorized by the provisions of this title of any permits or certificates issued under this title.

SECTION VII: Section 18.04.005 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.04.005 Adoption and scope.

The 2025 California Building Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 2, Volumes 1 and 2, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, hereinafter referred to as the building code, is adopted in its entirety and incorporated by this reference, except for changes, additions, deletions and amendments in this chapter, which shall supersede the provisions of said code. The following appendices of the building code are included in the adoption: Appendix H (Signs). The following appendices are deleted: Appendices A through G, and I through Q.

SECTION VIII: Section 18.04.010 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.04.010 Administrative regulations.

Chapter 1 (Scope and Administration) to the California Building Code, 2025 edition, shall generally constitute the Administrative Code for the city, establishing the supplementary administrative, organizational and enforcement rules and regulations as applicable for the following technical codes: Uniform Housing Code, 1997 edition; Dangerous Building Code, 1997 edition; California Electrical Code, 2025 edition; California Mechanical Code, 2025 edition; California Plumbing Code, 2025 edition; Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa and Hot Tub Code, 2024 edition; Uniform Solar, Hydronics and Geothermal Code, 2024 edition; California Energy Code, 2025 edition; California Historical Building Code, 2025 edition; California Existing Nov. 4, 2025
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Building Code, 2025 edition; and California Green Building Standards Code, 2025 edition. Each and all of the regulations, provisions, conditions and terms therein shall supplement and apply to each of the technical codes. Whenever there are practical difficulties involved in carrying out the provisions of the Administrative Code or where there is a conflict between a general requirement and a specific requirement, the specific requirement shall be applicable with the force of law.

SECTION IX: Section 18.04.020 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.04.020 Section 104 (Duties and Powers of the Building Official) of the California Building Code amended.

Section 104.2.5 is added to read as follows:

104.2.5 Rebuild threshold and limits on repair and remodel.

The building official shall determine the applicability of certain permitting procedures and requirements for repair and remodeling projects on a case-by-case basis. A project classified as "rebuild" pursuant to this section shall be treated as a new building or structure.

Modification of fixtures, finishes, and systems shall not be considered in measuring project magnitude.

1. Generally applied rebuild threshold for construction projects. "New construction" is defined as any work, addition to, remodel, repair, renovation, or alteration of any building(s) or structure(s) when 75% or more of the exterior weight bearing walls is removed or demolished. A project shall also be defined as "new construction" when the scope of work for groups R3 and U occupancies involves the alteration, rebuild, removal, or combination thereof of any structural framing that meets or exceeds 75% or greater of the linear footage of interior and exterior walls, including the removal of roof structure in those wall areas.

2. Cumulative construction projects. The cumulative scope for permitted work within any three-year period shall be added together when determining whether the scope of work constitutes a rebuild. For the purposes of this section, the computation of time shall be measured from the latest permit's date of issuance. The calculation of the percentage of floor area affected and final determination of required improvements shall be made by the building official.

3. Special consideration for unforeseen defects and damages. If construction defects or damages (e.g., pest or water damage) are discovered after construction has begun that were not predictable or known by ordinary means such as pest damage reports and other inspections and precautions, work must cease until the building official has been notified. The building official shall have the discretion to evaluate the circumstances of Nov. 4, 2025
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the discovery and may allow the rebuild threshold to be increased provided procedures deemed appropriate by the building official are followed.

SECTION X: Section 18.04.025(D) of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

D. Section 105.2 is amended to read as follows:

105.2 Work exempt from permit.

Exemptions from permit requirements of this code shall not be deemed to grant authorization for any work to be done in any manner in violation of the provisions of this code or any other laws or ordinances of this jurisdiction. Permits shall not be required for the following.

Building:

1. One-story detached accessory buildings or structures used as tool and storage sheds, playhouses and similar uses, provided the floor area is not greater than 120 square feet (11 square meters) and the building or structure is entirely above grade and is not located on a maintenance easement, on a public utilities easement, or within a setback area as required by any local ordinance or other applicable law. The building or structure shall not exceed the height requirements set forth in any local ordinance or other applicable law.

2. Fences, other than swimming pool barriers, not over six feet (1829 mm) high.

3. Oil derricks.

4. Retaining walls that are not over four feet (1219 mm) in height measured from the bottom of the footing to the top of the wall, unless supporting a surcharge or impounding Class I, II, or IIIA liquids.

5. Water tanks supported directly on grade if the capacity is not greater than 5,000 gallons (18,925 L) and the ratio of height to diameter or width is not greater than 2:1.

6. Sidewalks and driveways not more than 30 inches (762 mm) above adjacent grade, and not over any basement or story below and are not part of an accessible route.

7. Painting, papering, tiling, carpeting, cabinets, countertops, and similar finish work.

8. Temporary motion pictures, music, television and theater stage sets and scenery.

9. Prefabricated swimming pools accessory to a Group R-3 occupancy that are not greater than 5,000 gallons (18,925 L) and are installed entirely above ground.

10. Shade cloth structures constructed for nursery or agricultural purposes, not including service systems.

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11. Swings and other playground equipment accessory to buildings and structures in this code.

12. Window awnings in Group R-3 and U occupancies, supported by an exterior wall that do not project more than 54 inches (1372 mm) from the exterior wall and do not require additional support.

13. Non-fixed and movable fixtures, cases, racks, counters and partitions not over 5 feet 9 inches (1753 mm) in height.

14. Skateboard ramps. The building or structure shall not exceed the height requirements set forth in any local ordinances or other applicable law.

Electrical:

1. Repairs and maintenance: Minor repair work, including the replacement of lamps or the connection of approved portable electrical equipment to approved permanently installed receptacles.

2. Radio and television transmitting stations: The provisions of this code shall not apply to electrical equipment used for radio and television transmissions, but do apply to equipment and wiring for a power supply and the installations of towers and antennas.

3. Temporary testing systems: A permit shall not be required for the installation of any temporary system required for the testing or servicing of electrical equipment or apparatus.

Gas:

1. Portable heating appliance.

2. Replacement of any minor part that does not alter approval of equipment or make such equipment unsafe.

Mechanical:

1. Portable heating appliance.

2. Portable ventilation equipment.

3. Portable cooling unit.

4. Steam, hot or chilled water piping within any heating or cooling equipment regulated by this code.

5. Replacement of any part that does not alter its approval or make it unsafe.

6. Portable evaporative cooler.

7. Self-contained refrigeration system containing 10 pounds (4.54 kg) or less of refrigerant and actuated by motors of 1 horsepower (0.75kW) or less.

Plumbing:

1. The stopping of leaks in drains, water, soil, waste or vent pipe, provided, however, that if any concealed trap, drain pipe, water, soil, waste or vent pipe Nov. 4, 2025
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becomes defective and it becomes necessary to remove and replace the same with new material, such work shall be considered as new work and a permit shall be obtained and inspection made as provided in this code.

2. The clearing of stoppages or the repairing of leaks in pipes, valves or fixtures and the removal and reinstallation of water closets, provided such repairs do not involve or require the replacement or rearrangement of valves, pipes or fixtures.

SECTION XI: Section 18.04.075 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.04.075 Section 903 (Automatic Sprinkler Systems) of the California Building Code amended.

Section 903.2 is amended to read as follows:

903.2 Where required.

Approved automatic sprinkler systems in new buildings and structures shall be provided in the locations described in Sections 903.2.1. through 903.2.12 and Sections 903.2.14 through 903.2.21. Notwithstanding, an approved automatic fire sprinkler system shall be provided in all new non-residential buildings constructed in which the aggregate floor area exceeds five thousand (5,000) square feet (464m
2), regardless of occupancy classification and locations described in Sections 903.2 et seq. Mezzanines shall be included in the total square footage calculation.

Exceptions:

1. Spaces or areas in telecommunication buildings used exclusively for telecommunications equipment, associated electrical power distribution equipment, batteries not required to have an automatic sprinkler system by Section 1207 of the California Fire Code for energy storage systems and standby engines, provided that those spaces or areas are equipped throughout with an automatic smoke detection system in accordance with Section 907. 2 of the California Building Code and are separated from the remainder of the building by not less than 1-hour fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 of the California Building Code or not less than 2-hour horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 711 of the California Building Code, or both.

SECTION XII: Section 18.08.010 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.08.010 Adoption and scope.

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A. The 2025 California Historical Building Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted in its entirety and incorporated by this reference as the historical building code. Section 8-104 is deleted.

B. The building official is hereby authorized and directed to apply the administrative, organizational and enforcement rules and regulations of the city’s building code, as amended, to implement the historical building code. Administrative provisions relating to duties and powers of code official, permits, fees, certificates of occupancy, service utilities, stop work orders, violations, penalties, and appeals are specified in Sections 103, 104, 105, and 108 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1-Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

SECTION XIII: Section 18.09.010 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.09.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 2025 California Existing Building Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted in its entirety and incorporated by this reference as the existing building code. The following appendices of the existing building code are adopted: Appendix A (Guidelines for the Seismic Retrofit of Existing Buildings) and B (Supplementary Accessibility Requirements for Existing Buildings and Facilities). The following sections, chapters, or appendices are deleted: Sections 103, 104, 106 through 108, and 110 through 115; and Appendices C and D.

B. The provisions of this code that are adopted by the city shall apply to all existing buildings and structures for which a legal building permit has been issued, including, but not limited to, any appurtenances connected or attached to such buildings or structures. Any reference to the California Building Code within the California Existing Building Code includes all local building code amendments as adopted by the city.

C. The building official is hereby authorized and directed to apply the administrative, organizational and enforcement rules and regulations of the city’s building code, as amended, to implement the existing building code. Administrative provisions relating to deleted sections of the existing building code are specified in Sections 103, 104, and 108 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1-Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

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SECTION XIV: Section 18.10.010 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.10.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 2025 California Mechanical Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted and incorporated by this reference as the mechanical code. The following sections, chapters, or appendices are deleted: Sections 103, 104, 106, and 107 of Chapter 1; Chapter 15; and Appendices A through J.

B. The provisions of this code that are adopted by the city shall apply to mechanical systems, materials, or appurtenances or portions thereof and other related building service equipment installed, used, designed or intended to be used. Any reference to the California Building Code within the California Mechanical Code includes all local building code amendments as adopted by the city.

Administrative provisions relating to duties and powers of the authority having jurisdiction, permits, fees, certificates of occupancy, service utilities, stop work orders, violations, penalties, and appeals are specified in Sections 103, 104, and 108 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1-Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

SECTION XV: Section 18.12.010 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.12.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 2025 California Electrical Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted in its entirety and incorporated by this reference as the electrical code.

B. The provisions of this code that are adopted by the city shall apply to electrical wiring, apparatus and systems installed, used, designed or intended to be used. Any reference to the California Building Code within the California Electrical Code includes all local building code amendments as adopted by the city.

violations, penalties, and appeals are specified in Sections 103 through 105, and 107 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1-Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

SECTION XVI: Section 18.16.010 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.16.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 2025 California Plumbing Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted and incorporated by this reference as the plumbing code except for changes, additions, deletions and amendments in this chapter. The following appendices of the plumbing code are included in the adoption: Appendix H (Private Sewage Disposal Systems) and M (Peak Water Demand Calculator). The following sections, chapters, or appendices are deleted: Sections 103, 104, 106, and 107 of Chapter 1; and Appendices A through G, I through L, and N through S.

Any reference to the California Building Code within
the California Plumbing Code includes all local building code amendments as adopted by the city.

C. The building official is hereby authorized and directed to apply the administrative, organizational and enforcement rules and regulations of the city’s building code to implement the plumbing code or portions of the code adopted. Administrative provisions relating to duties and powers of the authority having jurisdiction, permits, fees, stop work orders, violations, penalties, stop orders, and appeals are specified in Sections 103, 104, and 108 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1-Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

SECTION XVII: Section 18.16.020 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.16.020 Section 1505 (Recycled Water Systems in Buildings) of the California Plumbing Code amended.

Section 1505.11 is amended to read as follows:

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1505.11 Required Appurtenances.

The recycled water supply system and the potable water system within the building and the premises shall be provided with the required appurtenances (e.g., valves, air/vacuum relief valves, etc.).

All new buildings where recycled water will be used for irrigation shall install on the building supply pipe a bypass tee for recycled water cross-connection shut down testing. The bypass tee shall be constructed of copper and the size shall match the building supply pipe size approved for the building. The bypass tee shall be connected to the building supply pipe above ground and before the pressure regulator at a point just before it enters the building.

Both end connections to the building supply pipe shall be made using a union. A bronze full port straight ball valve with handle shall be installed on the inlet side of the bypass tee for the building supply pipe and sized to match the inlet tee. A bronze full port straight ball valve with tee-head and padlock wing shall be installed on the side inlet tee, which shall be threaded with a male hose thread adapter to match the building supply pipe size. The work shall be in conformance with Engineering Standard Drawing W35. All shut down tests using the bypass tee shall be conducted with a backflow prevention device to reduce potential for contamination of the potable water system.

SECTION XVIII: Section 18.18.010 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.18.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The Uniform Solar, Hydronics and Geothermal Code, 2024 edition, copyrighted by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials is adopted in its entirety and incorporated by this reference as the solar energy code. The following sections, chapters, or appendices are deleted: Sections 103, 104, 106, and 107 of Chapter 1; and Appendices A through F.

B. The building official is hereby authorized and directed to apply the administrative, organizational and enforcement rules and regulations of the city’s building code to implement the solar energy code or portions of the code adopted. Administrative provisions relating to duties and powers of the authority having jurisdiction, permits, fees, stop work orders, violations, penalties, stop orders, and appeals are specified in Sections 103, 104, and 108 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1-Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

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SECTION XIX: Section 18.19.010 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.19.010 Adoption of the Uniform Code for the Abatement of Dangerous Buildings.

A. T he Uniform Code for the Abatement of Dangerous Buildings, 1997 Edition, copyrighted by the International Conference of Building Officials, is adopted by reference as the city dangerous building code, with the exception of Chapters 2, 5, and

6. B. The building official is hereby authorized and directed to apply the administrative, organizational and enforcement rules and regulations of the building code to replace Chapters 2, 5, and 6 of the dangerous building code. Administrative provisions relating to duties and powers of the building official such as applications and permits, code compliance, enforcement, violations, and penalties and building fees, certificates of occupancy, service utilities, means of appeals, and stop work orders are specified in Sections 103 through 105, and 108 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1-Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

SECTION XX: Section 18.20.010 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.20.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 2025 California Residential Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted and incorporated by this reference as the residential code except for changes, additions, deletions and amendments in this chapter. The following sections are deleted: Sections R103, R104, R107, R108, and R110 through R114 of Chapter 1. Only the following appendices of the residential code are adopted and incorporated by reference: Appendix BF (Patio Covers), BG (Sound Transmission), BB (Tiny Houses), CI (Swimming Pool Safety Act) and CJ (Emergency Housing).

B. The provisions of this code that are adopted by the city shall only apply to detached one-and two-family dwelling and townhomes not more than three stories and structures accessory thereto installed, used, designed or intended to be used. Any reference to the California Building Code within the California Residential Code includes all local building code amendments as adopted by the city.

C. The building official is authorized and directed to apply the administrative, organizational and enforcement rules and regulations of the building code to implement the residential code or portions of the code adopted, and replace the deleted sections enumerated in Section A of this chapter. Administrative provisions relating to duties and powers of the building official such as applications and permits, code compliance, enforcement, violations, and penalties and building fees, certificates of occupancy, service utilities, means of appeals, and stop work orders are specified in Nov. 4, 2025
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Sections 103, 104, and 108 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1-Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

SECTION XXI: Section 18.20.020 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.20.020 Reserved.

SECTION XXII: Section 18.20.030(B) of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

B. Section R105.2 is amended to read as follows:

R105.2 Work exempt from permit.

Exemption from permit requirements of this code shall not be deemed to grant authorization for any work to be done in any manner in violation of the provisions of this code or any other laws or ordinances of this jurisdiction. Permits shall not be required for the following.

Building:

1. Other than storm shelters, one-story detached accessory buildings or structures, provided that the floor area does not exceed 120 square feet (11.15 square meters) and the building or structure is entirely above grade and is not located on a maintenance easement, on a public utilities easement, or within a setback area as required by any local ordinance or other applicable law. The building or structure shall not exceed the height requirements set forth in any local ordinance or other applicable law. It is permissible that these buildings or structures still be regulated by Part 7 Wildland Urban Interface Code, despite exemption from permit.

2. Fences not over six feet (1829 mm) high.

3. Retaining walls that are not over four feet (1219 mm) in height measured from the bottom of the footing to the top of the wall, unless supporting a surcharge or impounding Class I, II, or IIIA liquids.

4. Water tanks supported directly on grade if the capacity is not greater than 5,000 gallons (18,925 L) and the ratio of height to diameter or width is not greater than 2:1.

5. Sidewalks and driveways not more than 30 inches (762 mm) above adjacent grade, and not over any basement or story below and are not part of an accessible route.

6. Painting, papering, tiling, carpeting, cabinets, countertops, and similar finish work.

7. Prefabricated swimming pools that are less than 24 inches (610 mm) deep.

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8. Swings and other playground equipment accessory to detached one- and two family dwellings.

9. Window awnings, supported by an exterior wall that do not project more than 54 inches (1372 mm) from the exterior wall and do not require additional support.

10. Decks not exceeding 200 square feet (18.58 square meters) in area, that are not more than 30 inches (762 mm) above grade at any point, are not attached to a dwelling or townhouse and do not serve the exit door required by Section R318.4.

11. Skateboard ramps. The building or structure shall not exceed the height requirements set forth in any local ordinances or other applicable law.

Electrical:

1. Listed cord-and-plug connected temporary decorative lighting.

2. Reinstallation of attachment plug receptacles but not the outlets therefor.

3. Replacement of branch circuit overcurrent devices of the required capacity in the same location.

4. Electrical wiring, devices, appliances, apparatus or equipment operating at less than 25 volts and not capable of supplying more than 50 watts of energy.

5. Minor repair work, including the replacement of lamps or the connection of approved portable electrical equipment to approved permanently installed receptacles.

Gas:

1. Portable heating, cooking or clothes drying appliance.

2. Replacement of any minor part that does not alter approval of equipment or make such equipment unsafe.

3. Portable-fuel-cell appliances that are not connected to a fixed piping system and are not interconnected to a power grid.

Mechanical:

1. Portable heating appliance.

2. Portable ventilation equipment.

3. Portable cooling unit.

4. Steam, hot or chilled water piping within any heating or cooling equipment regulated by this code.

5. Replacement of any part that does not alter its approval or make it unsafe.

6. Portable evaporative coolers.

7. Self-contained refrigeration system containing 10 pounds (4.54 kg) or less of refrigerant and actuated by motors of 1 horsepower (0.75kW) or less.

8. Portable-fuel-cell appliances that are not connected to a fixed piping system and are not interconnected to a power grid.

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Plumbing:

1. The stopping of leaks in drains, water, soil, waste or vent pipe, provided, however, that if any concealed trap, drain pipe, water, soil, waste or vent pipe becomes defective and it becomes necessary to remove and replace the same with new material, such work shall be considered as new work and a permit shall be obtained and inspection made as provided in this code.

SECTION XXIII: Section 18.20.060 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.20.060 Reserved.

SECTION XXIV: Section 18.21.010 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.21.010 Adoption and scope.

The 2025 California Green Building Standards Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted and incorporated by this reference as the green building standards code except for changes, additions, deletions and amendments in this chapter.

The following sections or chapters of Appendix A5 of the green building standards code are included in the adoption: Sections A5.201, A5.202, A5.203.1.1 through A5.203.1.2.1 Tier 1, and A5.212 through A5.213, except for changes, additions, and deletions as specified in this chapter. The following appendices are deleted: A4 and A6.

SECTION XXV: Section 18.21.030 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.21.030 Section 4.106 (Site Development) of the California Green Building Standards Code amended.

Sections 4.106.4 and 4.106.4.2 are amended to read as follows:

4.106.4 Electric vehicle (EV) charging for new construction and major residential renovations.

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New construction and major residential renovations shall comply with Section 4.106.4.1 or

4.106.4.2 to facilitate future installation and use of EV chargers. Electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) shall be installed in accordance with the California Electrical Code, Article 625. Notwithstanding these requirements, the following exceptions apply:

1. On a case-by-case basis, where the local enforcing agency has determined EV charging and infrastructure are not feasible based upon one or more of the following conditions:

1.1. Where there is no local utility power supply or the local utility is unable to supply adequate power.

1.2. Where there is evidence suitable to the local enforcing agency substantiating that additional local utility infrastructure design requirements, directly related to the implementation of Section 4.106.4, may adversely impact the construction cost of the project.

2. Accessory Dwelling Units (ADU) and Junior Accessory Dwelling Units (JADU) without additional parking facilities.

3. Where major residential renovations for one and two-family dwellings and townhouses with attached private garages do not include an electrical service panel upgrade, the requirements of Section 4.106.4.1 shall apply to the maximum extent that does not require an electrical service panel upgrade.

4. In major residential renovations, where there is evidence substantiating that meeting the requirements of this section presents an unreasonable hardship or is technically infeasible, the building official may consider an appeal from the project sponsor to reduce the number of EV ready spaces, EV capable spaces, and EVSE installed spaces required or provided for EV charging elsewhere.

5. Where alternative and innovative parking systems will be installed as determined by the building official.

4.106.4.2 New multifamily dwellings, major residential renovations to existing multifamily dwellings, hotels and motels, and new residential parking facilities.

When parking is provided, parking spaces for new multifamily dwellings, hotels and motels shall meet the requirements of Section 4.106.4.2.2. The provisions of this section shall also apply to major residential renovations. Calculations for spaces shall be rounded up to the nearest whole number. A parking space served by electric vehicle supply equipment or designed as a future EV charging space shall count as at least one standard automobile parking space only for the purpose of complying with any applicable minimum parking space requirements established by ordinance or any other applicable law.

4.106.4.2.3 EV space requirements.

1. Single EV space required. When a single EV ready space or EV capable space is required, it shall be an EVSE installed space. A raceway is not required if a minimum 40-ampere 208/240- volt dedicated EV branch circuit is installed in close proximity to Nov. 4, 2025
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the location or the proposed location of the EV space, at the time of original construction in accordance with the California Electrical Code.

2. Multiple EV spaces required. Construction documents shall indicate the raceway termination point and the location of EVSE installed spaces, EV ready spaces, EV capable spaces or receptacles, or EV chargers. Construction documents shall also provide information on amperage of installed or future receptacles or EVSE raceway method(s), wiring schematics, and electrical load calculations. Plan design shall be based upon a 40-ampere minimum branch circuit. Required raceways and related components that are planned to be installed underground, enclosed, inaccessible, or in concealed areas and spaces shall be installed at the time of original construction.

3. Exception. Notwithstanding subsection (2), a raceway is not required if a minimum 40- ampere 208/240-volt dedicated EV branch circuit is installed in close proximity to the location or the proposed location of the EV space at the time of original construction in accordance with the California Electrical Code.

4.106.4.2.4 Identification.

The service panel or subpanel circuit directory shall identify the overcurrent protective device space(s) reserved for future EV charging purposes as “EV CAPABLE” in accordance with the California Electrical Code.

SECTION XXVI: Section 18.21.040 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.21.040 Section 5.106 (Planning and Design) of the California Green Building Standards Code amended.

Table 5.106.5.3.1 is amended to read as follows:

TABLE 5.106.5.3.1 EV CABALE SPACES AND EVCS
Total Number of
Actual Parking
Spaces
Number of
Required EV
Capable Spaces
Other than Office
and Retail Number
of Required EVCS2, 3
Office and Retail
Number of
Required EVCS2, 3
1-9 1 1 0
10-25 4 2 3
26-50 8 4 6
51-75 13 6 8
76-100 17 8 13
101-150 25 12 19
151-200 35 18 26
200 and over 20 percent of total1 50 percent of EV
capable spaces1
75 percent of EV
capable spaces1

Notes:

1. Calculation for spaces shall be rounded up to the nearest whole number.

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2. Each EVCS shall reduce the number of required EV capable spaces by the same number.

The number of required EVCS (EV capable spaces provided with EVSE) in column 3 count toward the total number of required EV capable spaces shown in column 2.

3. At least one Level 2 EVSE shall be provided.

SECTION XXVII: Section 18.21.050 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.21.050 Appendix A5 (Nonresidential Voluntary Measures) of the California Green Building Standards Code amended.

A. Appendix A5, Sections A5.201, A5.202, A5.203.1.1 through A5.203.1.2.1 Tier 1, and A5. 212 through A5.213 are adopted and amended herein and are mandatory requirements for the construction of nonresidential buildings and structures, multi -family buildings and structures, hotels/motels, and alterations thereto having a building permit valuation of at least $200,000.00 or additions of at least 1,000 square feet.

B. Section A5.203.1.1.2 of the California Green Building Standards Code is amended to read as follows:

A5.203.1.1.2 Service water heating in restaurants.

Newly constructed restaurants shall comply with California Energy Code Section 140.5.

C. Section A5.211 of the California Green Building Standards Code is added to read as follows:

A5.211.1 On-site renewable energy.

The building project's electrical service overcurrent protection device rating shall be calculated in accordance with the California Electrical Code. Natural gas or propane use is calculated in accordance with the California Plumbing Code.

A5.211.1.1 Documentation.

Using a calculation method approved by the California Energy Commission, calculate the renewable on -site energy system to meet the requirements of Section A5.211.1, expressed in kW. Factor in net-metering, if offered by local utility, on an annual basis.

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A5.211.3 Green power.

If offered by local utility provider, participate in a renewable energy portfolio program that provides a minimum of 50 percent electrical power from renewable sources.

Maintain documentation through utility billings.

Exception to A5.211.1, A5.211.1.1 and A5.211.3: All new nonresidential, high -rise residential, and hotel/motel buildings, and alterations thereto having a building permit valuation of at least $1,000,000 and affecting at least 75 percent of existing floor area, or alterations that increase roof size by at least 2,000 square feet, shall instead comply with California Energy Code Section 140.10.

SECTION XXV III: Section 18.30.010 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.30.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 2025 California Energy Code , California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code , is adopted in its entirety and incorporated by this reference as the energy code except for changes, additions, deletions and amendments in this chapter. The following appendices of the energy code are included in the adoption: Appendix 1 -A (Standards an d Documents Referenced). The following appendices are deleted: Appendix 1-B.

Administrative prov isions relating to duties and powers of the authority having jurisdiction, permits, fees, certificates of occupancy, service utilities, stop work orders, violations, penalties, and appeals are specified in Sections 103 through 105, and 107 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1 -Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

SECTION XXIX: Section 18.30.060 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.30.060 Section 150.2 (Single -Family Residential Buildings —Additions and Alterations to Existing Residential Buildings) of the California Energy Code amended.

Section 150.2(d) is added to read as follows:

150.2(d) Additions and alterations—energy efficiency required.

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All additions and alterations of residential buildings with a building permit valuation of $60,000 or higher shall include one of the following energy efficiency measures:

A. Additions and alterations of single-family residential buildings built before 1978 shall include one of the following:

1. Duct sealing pursuant to the 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(b)1E without verification by a Home Energy Rating System (HERS) rater. All exceptions as stated in the 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(b)1E are allowed. Projects that require duct sealing as part of an HVAC alteration or replacement must meet all of the requirements of the 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 6, including HERS rater verification.

2. Attic insulation with a minimum of R-38 rating. Buildings without vented attic spaces and buildings with existing attic insulation levels greater than R-5 are exempt from this attic insulation energy efficiency measure.

3. Cool roof with an aged solar reflectance of greater than or equal to 0.25 and a thermal emittance of greater than or equal to 0.75. All exceptions as stated in the 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(b)1Ii for steep slope roofs and 150.2(b)1Iii for low slope roofs are allowed. Only areas of roof that are to be re -roofed are subject to the cool roof upgrade. Projects that are not installing a new roof as part of the scope are exempt from this cool roof energy efficiency measure.

B. Additions and alterations of single -family residential buildings built in 1978 or after shall include one of the following:

1. A lighting package consisting of:
a. Replacement of all interior and exterior screw -in (A -base) incandescent and halogen lamps with screw-in LED lamps; and b. Installation of manual- on automatic -off vacancy sensors that meet the 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 110.9(b)4 in all bathrooms, bedrooms, offices, laundry rooms, utility rooms, and garages. Spaces which already include vacancy sensors, motions sensors, or dimmers do not need to install new sensors as required by the 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 110.9(b)4.

2. A water heating package consisting of:
a. Addition of exterior insulation meeting a minimum of R -6 to storage water heaters 20 gallons or larger in size, except if insulation installation would void the water heater warranty; and b. Insulation of all accessible hot water pipes with pipe insulation a minimum of 0.75 inches in thickness. This includes insulating the supply pipe leaving the water heater, piping to faucets underneath sinks, and accessible pipes in attic spaces and crawlspaces; and
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c. Upgrading of fitting in sinks and showers to meet current CALGreen (Title 24, Part 11 of the California Building Code) standards, except for fixtures with rated flow rates no more than 10 percent greater than current CALGreen standards.

C. Additions and alterations of multi -family residential buildings built before 1978 shall include attic insulation with a minimum of R -38 rating. Buildings without vented attic spaces and buildings with existing attic insulation levels greater than R-5 are exempt from this attic insulation energy efficiency measure.

D. Additions and alterations of multi- family residential buildings built between 1978 and 1991 shall include one of the following:

1. Duct sealing pursuant to the 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(b)1E without verification by a HERS rater. All exceptions as stated in the 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(b)1E are allowed. Projects tha t require duct sealing as part of an HVAC alteration or replacement must meet all of the requirements of the 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 6, including HERS rater verification.

3. Cool roof with an aged solar reflectance of greater than or equal to 0.25 and a thermal emittance of greater than or equal to 0.75. All exceptions as stated in the 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(b)1Ii for steep slope roofs and Section 150.2(b)1Iii for low slope roofs are allowed. Only areas of roof that are to be re-roofed are subject to the cool roof upgrade. Projects that are not installing a new roof as part of the scope are exempt from this cool roof energy efficiency measure.

E. Additions and alterations of multi -family residential buildings built after 1991 shall include one of the following:

2. A water heating package consisting of:

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a. Addition of exterior insulation meeting a minimum of R -6 to storage water heaters 20 gallons are larger in size, except for buildings with central water heating systems or if insulation installation would void the water heater warranty; and
b. Insulation of all accessible hot water pipes with pipe insulation a minimum of 0.75 inches in thickness. This includes insulating the supply pipe leaving the water heater, piping to faucets underneath sinks, and accessible pipes in attic spaces and crawlspaces; and
c. Upgrading of fittings in sinks and showers to meet current CALGreen standards, except for fixtures with rated flow rates no more than ten percent
N
ote: To the extent the provisions of 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(d) conflict with other provisions of the California Energy Code, then the most energy conserving provisions shall supersede and control.

E
xception to 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(d): The requirement for inclusion of energy efficiency measures does not apply to residential buildings that receive a rating of seven or higher on the U.S. Department of Energy's Home Energy Score rating system based upon an assessment by a Home Energy Score Certified Assessor, to the satisfaction of the building official.

S
ECTION XXX: Section 18.30.070 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code is amended to read as follows:

18.3 0.070 Section 180.5 (Multifamily Residential Buildings—Additions, Alterations and Repair to Existing Multifamily Buildings) of the California Energy Code added.

Se
ction 180.5 is added to read as follows:
180.
5 Additions, alterations and repairs – residential photovoltaic system required.

All ad
ditions, alterations and repairs multifamily residential buildings and structures with a permit valuation of $1,000,000 that affects at least 75 percent of the gross floor area shall comply with the requirements of 2025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 141.2 for the requirements applicable to the building and structures of this code.

E FFECTIVE DATE: This ordinance shall be effective thirty days after its adoption, and no earlier than the effective date of the 202 5 California Building Standards Code, which is January 1, 202 6, and the City Clerk shall certify the adoption of this ordinance and cause the full text of the ordinance or a Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 28 of 92
summary of the ordinance prepared by the City Attorney to be published at least once in a newspaper of general circulation in the City of Carlsbad within fifteen days after its adoption.

INTRODUCED AND FIRST READ at a Regular Meeting of the Carlsbad City Council on the 4th day of November, 2025, and thereafter
PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a R egular Meeting of the City Council of the City of Carlsbad on the __ day of ______ __, 2025, by the following vote, to wit:

AY
ES:

NAYS:

ABSTAIN:

ABSENT:

APPROVED AS TO FORM AND LEGALITY:
_______
__________________________
CINDIE K. McMAHON, City Attorney
_______________________________________
KEITH BLACKBURN, Mayor
_______
________________________________
SHERRY FREISINGER, City Clerk
(SEAL)
Nov. 4, 2025
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Attachment A
FIN
DINGS
Every three years, the state adopts new building, residential, electrical, mechanical, plumbing, energy, historical, fire, existing building, and green building codes, known collectively as the California Building Standards Code (CBSC). A local jurisdiction may adopt the CBSC by reference in their jurisdiction’s local ordinances. Even if a local agency does not adopt a code by ordinance, the CBSC becomes the applicable code for all building occupancies by default. Local amendments to building standards require express findings for each amendment, addition, or deletion based on local climatic, topographical or geological conditions (and environmental conditions, if resulting in changes to the Green Building Standards Code (GBSC)). Local amendments adopted to clarify the procedures relating to carrying out and enforcing building standards, and that do not establish actual building standards, may be enacted by the local jurisdiction without meeting the requirements of the state laws governing CBSC building standards amendments.

The purpose of this Attachment is to provide the findings to support local amendments to the CBSC.

Climatic: The weather of the San Diego region, as in most of Southern California, is influenced by the Pacific Ocean and its semi- permanent high-pressure systems that result in dry, warm summers and mild, occasionally wet winters. The average temperature ranges (in degrees Fahrenheit (°F)) from the mid-40s to the high 90s. Most of the region’s precipitation falls from November to April with infrequent (approximately 10%) precipitation during the summer. The average seasonal precipitation along the coast is approximately 10 inches; the amount increases with elevation as moist air is lifted over the mountains to the east.

The City of Carlsbad has many large hillsides covered with extensive vegetation. The city is also subject to Santa Ana conditions of gusty winds and low humidity that predisposes the hillsides to extreme fire hazard. The City Council specifically finds that these climatic conditions necessitate building standards modifications as further described in the following tables.

Geologic: The nearest fault to the city is the Newport–Inglewood–Rose Canyon Fault, which runs offshore of the western edge of the city and is considered active. Other faults in the region include the Coronado Bank, La Nacion, Elsinore, Agua Caliente, and San Jacinto. Fault activity has the potential to result in ground shaking, which can be of varying intensity depending on the intensity of earthquake activity, proximity to that activity, and local soils and geology conditions. Carlsbad is located within a seismically active region, and earthquakes have the potential to cause ground shaking of significant magnitude. Although located near fault lines, Carlsbad lies within a medium-low probabilistic peak ground acceleration zone. Earthquake exposed electricity/power lines and Nov. 4, 2025
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leaking gas pipelines are a major cause of fire after an earthquake. The City Council specifically finds that these geologic conditions necessitate building standards modifications as further described in the following tables.

Topography: The topography in the San Diego region varies greatly, from beaches on the west to mountains and desert on the east.

Along with local meteorology, the topography influences viewshed areas and the existing visual character, as well as the dispersal and movement of pollutants in the basin. The mountains to the east prohibit dispersal of pollutants in that direction and help trap them in inversion layers. Natural areas and open spaces, including watershed features, hillsides, habitats, parks and vistas, are some of the most defining and integral components of the city’s form and structure. Carlsbad’s beaches connect to three of California’s natural lagoons – Buena Vista, Agua Hedionda and Batiquitos. These lagoons are rich with a diversity of plant, animal and aquatic wildlife and offer public amenities, such as hiking trails, scenic views, fishing, and water recreation. Watershed drainages give Carlsbad its rolling topography in the east, resulting in areas with steep slopes ideal for protected habitat. Hillsides layered with trees and brush create unique, intimate spaces where many of Carlsbad’s master planned communities and resorts are located. The city is also subject to Santa Ana conditions of gusty winds and low humidity that predisposes the hillsides to extreme fire hazard. The City Council specifically finds that these topographic conditions necessitate building standards modifications as further described in the following tables.

Noise conditions: The County of San Diego, Department of Public Works Airport Division, owns and operates McClellan-Palomar Airport (Palomar Airport) as a public-use facility in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulations. Palomar Airport is approximately 232 acres, which consists of approximately 231 acres defined as the active airfield and approximately 0.7 acre on adjacent county- owned land for location of the existing navigational lighting system. The Airport is accessible via Interstate 5 (I-5), one of the region’s major north-south highways that extends through San Diego County. The Airport is located three miles east of I-5 on Palomar Airport Road, which is the Airport’s principal ground access route. The Airport is generally bounded by Palomar Airport Road to the south and El Camino Real to the east.

The I-5 Widening Project adds two HOV lanes and one general purpose lane in each direction from the State Route 56 Interchange to the State Route 78 Interchange. The project also adds auxiliary lanes. On an average day, I-5 alone serves more than 700,000 trips, including commuters, goods movement, local trips, visitors, and recreational users.

Some land uses are considered more sensitive to ambient noise levels than others because of the amount of noise exposure (both exposure duration and insulation from noise) and the types of activities typically involved. Residences, schools, rest homes, churches, and hospitals are more sensitive to noise than commercial and industrial land uses. From a noise compatibility standpoint, Nov. 4, 2025
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the noise/land use acceptability criteria for sensitive land uses at 65 CNEL for outdoor areas and 45 CNEL for indoor areas of residential land uses. The City Council specifically finds that these noise conditions necessitate greater noise protection than that provided by the California Building Standards Code as further described in the following tables.

Other conditions: Additional amendments are found to be either administrative or procedural in nature or concern themselves with subjects not covered in the California Building Standards Code. These changes include provisions making the CBSC compatible with other codes, including but not limited to administrative and procedural ordinances enforced by the city.

AB 130: Local amendments carried over from previously adopted code cycles to the 2025 code cycle must be adjusted for reference changes or format changes in the new codes. Each local amendment is substantially equivalent to changes previously filed by the city (by Ordinance Nos. CS-436 and CS-437, 2022 and Ordinance No. CS-476, 2024).

SECTION 1: 2025 CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE

The modifications made to the 2025 California Building Code, located in Carlsbad Municipal Code Chapter 18.04 (“Building Code”), are detailed in the ordinance. Unless otherwise noted below, the amendments to the 2025 California Building Code are not substantive in nature and are limited to administrative provisions of the use and enforcement of this code. Pursuant to state law, the city may amend the building code to impose more restrictive building standards if express findings are made that such amendments are necessary because of local climatic, geological, or topographical conditions and are substantially equivalent to a change previously filed by the city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025. No findings are necessary to enact local regulations necessary to carry out procedures by the city relating to civil, administrative, or criminal procedures and remedies available for enforcing code violations, and that do not establish building standards.

Table A: 2025 Building Code Adoption Matrix

CMC Section Section amended Building standard or
administrative change
Finding
Section 18.04.005 Adoption of Appendix H (Signs) Building standard Local conditions have an adverse effect on the prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards to ensure sign
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 32 of 92
design and construction under challenging
environmental conditions.

Health and Safety Code Sections 17958.7 and
18941.5 authorize modifications to the building
standards based on local climatic, geologic, or
topographical conditions.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.04.015 Section 101 amended to ensure that
maintenance of decks and balconies
complies with the Health and Safety
Code
Administrative change Not applicable. No finding required.

Section 18.04.020 Section 104 amended to establish
rebuild thresholds for construction
projects
Combination of
administrative change
and building standard
Local conditions have an adverse effect on the
prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards in order to
provide a reasonable and appropriate degree of
proper security and fire and life safety in this
jurisdiction. Health and Safety Code Sections
17958.7 and 18941.5 authorize modifications to
the building standards based on local climatic,
geologic, or topographical conditions. The city is
surrounded by open spaces consisting of
grassland and underdeveloped or undeveloped
areas, which in conjunction with the dry and
sometimes windy local climate creates a
hazardous fire situation that could lead to
extensive grass and brush fires and pose a danger
to life and property. During the summer and early
fall months there is little, if any, measurable
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 33 of 92
precipitation. The temperatures are usually
between 70 and 90 degrees, with light to gusty
west to east winds (i.e., drying conditions). These
drying winds, with occasional Santa Ana events,
mixed with the natural vegetation, create a
hazardous fuel condition, which further creates
extensive grass and brush land fire risk. Wind and
terrain-driven fires could have a severe
consequence to improved properties at risk.

While it is understood that the adoption of such
regulations to clarify rebuild requirements may
not prevent the incidence of fire, the
implementation of the amendments helps
resolve disputes, planning construction, and
supporting transactions. The threshold holds
immense significance in different scenarios as it
assists property owners and buyers to prevent
legal conflicts and to describe projects that would
be subject to the requirements (substantial
remodels and new construction definitions).

Substantial improvements are addressed by
different agencies in different contexts. Each
agency has a definition of substantial
improvement that triggers compliance
requirements under their specific authority. The
proposed change shall not be construed to
change those compliance requirements. For
example, the FEMA definition of substantial
improvement is used to regulate major additions
and other improvements to buildings in the
floodplain if the cost of the improvement exceeds
50% of the building’s value (cost of improvement
divided by market value of the building is >50%).

Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 34 of 92
Under this rule, the floodplain regulations for
new construction will apply and the building must
meet the post Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM)
for developments in the floodplain. The
ordinance also does not interfere with the
administration or enforcement of CALGreen
Section 301.1.1, Chapter 7A of the CBC (for
Wildland Urban Interface), property tax collection
from the CA State Board of Equalization, or
school development impact fees through CA
Education Code Section 17620(B), etc.

The amendment to the code described above is
necessary to preserve the health, welfare, and
safety of residents, businesses, and property
within the city.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.04.025 Section 105 amended to identify certain improvements as exempt, allow
electronic submission of applications,
extend plan check and permit expiration
to 12 months, and provide criteria for
plan check and permit extensions
Combination of
administrative change
and building standard
Local conditions have an adverse effect on the
prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards in order to
provide a reasonable and appropriate degree of
proper security and fire and life safety in this
jurisdiction. Health and Safety Code Sections
17958.7 and 18941.5 authorize modifications to
the building standards based on local climatic,
geologic, or topographical conditions. The city is
surrounded by open spaces consisting of
grassland and underdeveloped or undeveloped
areas, which in conjunction with the dry and
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 35 of 92
sometimes windy local climate creates a
hazardous fire situation that could lead to
extensive grass and brush fires and pose a danger
to life and property. During the summer and early
fall months there is little, if any, measurable
precipitation. The temperatures are usually
between 70 and 90 degrees, with light to gusty
west to east winds (i.e., drying conditions). These
drying winds, with occasional Santa Ana events,
mixed with the natural vegetation, create a
hazardous fuel condition, which further creates
extensive grass and brush land fire risk. Wind and
terrain-driven fires could pose a severe
consequence to improved properties at risk.

While it is understood that certain permit
exemptions may not prevent the incidence of
fire, the implementation of the amendments
reduces the severity and potential loss of life and
property when such fires occur.

The topography of the city is also burdened by
major structures. As a general setting, rolling
foothills frame much of the city’s land. Many
properties have scenic views. The topography of
the city lends itself to noticeable changes to the
existing visual character when land
improvements are made. The proposed code
change to exempt specified improvements from
building permits still requires compliance with
basic zoning standards.

The amendment to the code described above is
necessary to preserve the health, welfare, and
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 36 of 92
safety of residents, businesses, and property
within the city.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.04.030 Section 107 amended to clarify criteria for construction drawings and provide
direction for plans examination,
including a need for survey certification
to reduce risk of inadvertently building
too close to property lines or setbacks
Combination of
administrative change
and building standard
Local conditions have an adverse effect on the
prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards to provide a
reasonable and appropriate degree of proper
security and fire and life safety in this jurisdiction.

Health and Safety Code Sections 17958.7 and
18941.5 authorize modifications to the building
standards based on local climatic, geologic, or
topographical conditions.

The city has beaches, creeks, and other low-lying
areas prone to flooding. The city is at risk to
coastal storms, erosion, and flooding. There is
broad scientific consensus that the earth will
continue to warm, and sea levels will rise
impacting beaches, roads, properties,
infrastructure, and environmentally sensitive
areas. The topography of the city is also being
burdened by major structures. As a general
setting, rolling foothills frame much of the city’s
land. Many properties have scenic views.

The topography of the city has led to the
development of buildings on small lots. In most
residential zoning districts, housing is constructed
close to the side property lines. Given this historic
pattern of development, any exterior
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 37 of 92
construction has the capacity to negatively
impact neighboring property. The topography of
the city and location in coastal zoned areas lends
itself to noticeable changes to the existing visual
character when land improvements are made. It
is important to establish boundaries for property
(enabling accurate determination of land
boundaries and providing a valuable resource for
resolving disputes and for planning and executing
construction projects).

The amendment to the code described above is
necessary to preserve the health, welfare, and
safety of residents, businesses, and property
within the city.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.04.035 Section 109 amended to reflect current fee collection practices and cost
recovery services and imposing a
penalty for doing work without a permit
Administrative change Not applicable. No finding required.

Section 18.04.040 Section 110 amended to clarify the city’s requirements in the inspection process
Administrative change Not applicable. No finding required.

Section 18.04.045 Section 111 amended to clarify the
requirements for occupancy
Administrative change Not applicable. No finding required.

Section 18.04.050 Section 112 amended to include various use restrictions and administrative
provisions to enhance the city’s ability
to implement the code and provide
remedies to safeguard life or limb,
health, property and public welfare
Administrative change Not applicable. No finding required.

Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 38 of 92
Section 18.04.055 Section 113 amended to establish an
appeal process and the City Council as
the Board of Appeals.

Administrative change Not applicable. No finding required.

Section 18.04.060 Section 114 amended to republish
existing provisions from the 2019 code
adoption and revisions to Chapter 1.10
of the Carlsbad Municipal Code
Administrative change Not applicable. No finding required.

Section 18.04.065 Section 115 amended to ensure the stop work order notice covers the same
scope as Chapter 1.10 of the Carlsbad
Municipal Code
Administrative change Not applicable. No finding required.

Section 18.04.070 Section 117 amended to include unsafe building appendages to safeguard life or
limb, health, property, and welfare
Administrative change Not applicable. No finding required.

Section 18.04.075 Section 903.2 is amended to align with previously adopted Fire Code changes
(Chapter 9) to require all new non-
residential buildings more than 5,000
square feet to be sprinklered.

Building standard Local conditions have an adverse effect on the prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards to ensure
compliance and enhanced fire suppression with
sprinklers and a reasonable and appropriate
degree of proper security and fire and life safety
in this jurisdiction. It focuses on better
performance and emergency response under
challenging environmental conditions.

Health and Safety Code Sections 17958.7 and
18941.5 authorize modifications to the building
standards based on local climatic, geologic, or
topographical conditions. Additionally, because
this amendment incorporates a prior local
amendment to the Fire Code, it falls under the
Health and Safety Code Section 17958(b)(1)
exception and is substantially equivalent to a
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 39 of 92
change previously filed by the city/county and
was in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.04.080 Section 1206.4.1 amended to establish prescriptive standards for interior noise
construction in new multi-family homes
adjacent to freeways and the airport
Building standard The city strives to achieve uniformity among the local jurisdictions in the enforcement of the
building standards. To that end, minimizing the
number of amendments to state codes is the
prime goal. However, there are noise conditions
that are unique in the city, including the existing
operation of the McClellan-Palomar Airport
(Palomar Airport) and its potential expansion;
and 2) the Interstate 5 North Coast Corridor (I-5
NCC) and its freeway expansion. Noise conditions
in the city warrant prescriptive measures for
indoor noise insulation in multi-family units
within a noise impact boundary of an airport or
freeway as defined in Section 1206.4.1. Health
and Safety Code Section 17922.7 authorizes the
adoption of building standards relating to noise
insulation as are reasonably necessary because of
local conditions due to substantial noise
generated by airports, roadways, or commercial
and industrial activities immediately surrounding
or adjacent to such proposed dwellings.

Th
e amendment to the code described above is
necessary to preserve the health, welfare and
safety of residents, businesses and property
within the city.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.04.085 Section 1501.1 amended to cover the
scope of roof assembly applications
Building standard Local conditions have an adverse effect on the prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 40 of 92
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards in order to ensure
compliance and enhanced roof performance and
a reasonable and appropriate degree of proper
security and fire and life safety in this jurisdiction.

It focuses on better performance under
challenging environmental conditions.

Health and Safety Code Sections 17958.7 and
18941.5 authorize modifications to the building
standards based on local climatic, geologic, or
topographical conditions.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.04.090 Section 1505 amended to provide a fire classification for rooftop mounted
photovoltaic
Building standard The city strives to achieve uniformity among the local jurisdictions in the enforcement of the
building standards. To that end, minimizing the
number of amendments to the state codes is the
prime goal. However, fire is one of the biggest
threats to life and property. To reduce this
potential hazard, rooftop mounted
appurtenances should have a higher fire
classification rating. Health and Safety Code
Sections 17958.7 and 18941.5 authorize
modifications to the building standards based on
local climatic, geologic, or topographical
conditions. The city is surrounded by open spaces
consisting of grassland and underdeveloped or
undeveloped areas, which in conjunction with the
dry and sometimes windy local climate creates a
hazardous fire situation (wind and terrain-driven
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 41 of 92
fires could lead to extensive grass and brush fires
and pose a danger to life and property).

The amendment to the code described above is
necessary to preserve the health, welfare, and
safety of residents, businesses, and property
within the city.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.04.095 Street name signs Building standard Local conditions have an adverse effect on the prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards to ensure
compliance and enhanced roof performance and
a reasonable and appropriate degree of proper
security and fire and life safety in this jurisdiction.

It focuses on better performance under
challenging environmental conditions.

Health and Safety Code Sections 17958.7 and
18941.5 authorize modifications to the building
standards based on local climatic, geologic, or
topographical conditions.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 42 of 92
SECTION 2: 2025 CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE

The proposed modifications made to the 2025 California Residential Code in Chapter 18.20 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code (“Residential Code”) are detailed in the ordinance. Unless otherwise noted below, the proposed amendments to the 2025 California Residential Code are not substantive in nature and are limited to administrative provisions of the use and enforcement of this code.

Pursuant to state law, the city may amend the residential code to impose more restrictive standards if express findings are made that such amendments are necessary because of local climatic, geological, or topographical conditions and are substantially equivalent to a change previously filed by the city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025. No findings are necessary to enact local regulations necessary to carry out procedures by the city relating to civil, administrative, or criminal procedures and remedies available for enforcing code violations, and that do not establish building standards.

Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 43 of 92
Table B: 2025 Residential Code Adoption Matrix

CMC Section Section Amended Building Standard or
Administrative Change
Finding
Section 18.20.010 Adoption of Appendix BF (Patio Covers), BG (Sound Transmission), BB (Tiny
Houses), CI (Swimming Pool Safety Act)
and CJ (Emergency Housing).

Deletion of Sections R103, R104, R107,
R108, and R110 through R114.

Combination of
building standard and
administrative change
Local conditions have an adverse effect on the
prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards in order to ensure
patio, tiny house, and emergency housing design
and construction under challenging
environmental conditions.

Moreover, local conditions make it necessary to
adopt Appendix BG. Noise is an important and
complex issue in Carlsbad. Almost every part of
the city is susceptible to noise impacts, due
mainly to the presence of major noise
generators. Significant sources of noise in the city
including the existing operation of the McClellan-
Palomar Airport (Palomar Airport) and its
potential expansion; and 2) the Interstate 5 North
Coast Corridor (I-5 NCC) and its freeway
expansion, and railroad tracks. The city’s land use
pattern generally accommodates these
conditions but noise conditions in the city
warrant prescriptive measures for indoor noise
insulation as a measure to reduce sound and
effectively mitigate any adverse noise levels that
could impede a person's use of a residential
structure.

Compliance with pool safety laws and regulations
is essential for ensuring the safety and security of
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 44 of 92
swimmers in both public and private pool settings
as required per Health and Safety Code Sections
11590-115929. More specifically, this section of
law increases the safety of public swimming pools
and spas by ensuring that public swimming pools
and spas are equipped with proper safety
devices, which is provided under Appendix AX.

For the most part, most swimming pools will be
found in warmer areas of the state, such as
coastal San Diego County. Local coastal
conditions make it necessary to adopt Appendix
CI. Health and Safety Code Sections 17958.7 and
18941.5 authorize modifications to the building
standards based on local climatic, geologic, or
topographical conditions.

The section deletions are substantially equivalent
to administrative Building Code changes
previously filed by the city and were in effect as
of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.20.030 Section R105 amended to identify
certain improvements as exempt, allow
electronic submissions of applications,
extend plan check and permit expiration
to 12 months, and provide criteria for
plan check and permit extensions. This
section also is amended to clarify the
authority of the building official to
establish rebuild thresholds for
construction projects
Combination of
administrative change
and building standard
Local conditions have an adverse effect on the
prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards in order to
provide a reasonable and appropriate degree of
proper security and fire and life safety in this
jurisdiction. Health and Safety Code Sections
17958.7 and 18941.5 authorize modifications to
the building standards based on local climatic,
geologic, or topographical conditions. The city is
surrounded by open spaces consisting of
grassland and underdeveloped or undeveloped
areas, which in conjunction with the dry and
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 45 of 92
sometimes windy local climate creates a
hazardous fire situation that could lead to
extensive grass and brush fires and pose a danger
to life and property. During the summer and early
fall months there is little, if any, measurable
precipitation. The temperatures are usually
between 70 and 90 degrees, with light to gusty
west to east winds (i.e., drying conditions). These
drying winds, with occasional Santa Ana events,
mixed with the natural vegetation, create a
hazardous fuel condition, which further creates
extensive grass and brush land fire risk. Wind and
terrain-driven fires could have a severe
consequence to improved properties at risk.

While it is understood that the adoption of such
regulations to clarify permit exemptions may not
prevent the incidence of fire, the implementation
of the amendments reduces the severity and
potential loss of life and property in the event of
such fires.

The topography of the city is also being burdened
by major structures. As a general setting, rolling
foothills frame much of the city’s land. Many
properties have scenic views. The topography of
the city lends itself to noticeable changes to the
existing visual character when land
improvements are made. The exemption of
specified improvements from building permits
still requires compliance with basic zoning
standards.

The amendment to the code described above is
necessary to preserve the health, welfare, and
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 46 of 92
safety of residents, businesses, and property
within the city.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.20.040 Section R106 amended to clarify criteria for construction drawings and provide
direction for plans examination,
including a need for survey certification
to reduce risk of inadvertently building
too close to property lines or setbacks
Combination of
administrative and
building standards
Local conditions have an adverse effect on the
prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards in order to
provide a reasonable and appropriate degree of
proper security and fire and life safety in this
jurisdiction. Health and Safety Code Sections
17958.7 and 18941.5 authorize modifications to
the building standards based on local climatic,
geologic, or topographical conditions.

The topography of the city has led to the
development of buildings on small lots. In most
residential zoning districts, housing is constructed
close to the side property lines. Given this historic
pattern of development, any exterior
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 47 of 92
construction in has the capacity to negatively
impact neighboring property. The topography of
the city and location in coastal zoned areas lends
itself to noticeable changes to the existing visual
character when land improvements are made. It
is important to establish boundaries for property
(enabling accurate determination of land
boundaries and providing a valuable resource for
resolving disputes and for planning and executing
construction projects).

The amendment to the code described above is
necessary to preserve the health, welfare, and
safety of residents, businesses, and property
within the city.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.20.050 Section R109 amended to clarify the
city’s requirements in the inspection
process
Combination of
administrative and
building standards
Local conditions have an adverse effect on the
prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards in order to
provide a reasonable and appropriate degree of
proper security and fire and life safety in this
jurisdiction. Health and Safety Code Sections
17958.7 and 18941.5 authorize modifications to
the building standards based on local climatic,
geologic, or topographical conditions.

The city has beaches, creeks, and other low-lying
areas prone to flooding. The city is at risk to
coastal storms, erosion, and flooding. There is
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 48 of 92
broad scientific consensus that the earth will
continue to warm, and sea levels will rise
impacting beaches, roads, properties,
infrastructure, and environmentally sensitive
areas. The topography of the city is also being
burdened by major structures. As a general
setting, rolling foothills frame much of the city’s
land. Many properties have scenic views.

The topography of the city has led to the
development of buildings on small lots. In most
residential zoning districts, housing is constructed
close to the side property lines. Given this historic
pattern of development, any exterior
construction in has the capacity to negatively
impact neighboring property. The topography of
the city lends itself to noticeable changes to the
existing visual character when land
improvements are made. It is important to
establish boundaries for property (enabling
accurate determination of land boundaries and
providing a valuable resource for resolving
disputes and for planning and executing
construction projects).

The amendment to the code described above is
necessary to preserve the health, welfare, and
safety of residents, businesses, and property
within the city.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.20.070 Section R901.1 amended to cover the
scope of roof assembly applications
Building standard Local conditions have an adverse effect on the prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 49 of 92
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards in order to ensure
compliance and enhanced roof performance and
a reasonable and appropriate degree of proper
security and fire and life safety in this jurisdiction.

It focuses on better performance under
challenging environmental conditions. Health and
Safety Code Sections 17958.7 and 18941.5
authorize modifications to the building standards
based on local climatic, geologic, or topographical
conditions.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

SECTION 3: 2025 CALIFORNIA MECHANICAL CODE

The proposed modifications made to the 2025 California Mechanical Code in Chapter 18.10 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code (“Mechanical Code”) are detailed in the ordinance. Pursuant to state law, the city may amend the mechanical code to impose more restrictive building standards if express findings are made that such amendments are necessary because of local climatic, geological, or topographical conditions and are substantially equivalent to a change previously filed by the city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025. No findings are necessary to enact local regulations necessary to carry out procedures by the city relating to civil, administrative, or criminal procedures and remedies available for enforcing code violations, and that do not establish building standards.

Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 50 of 92
Table C: 2025 Mechanical Code Adoption Matrix

CMC Section Section Amended Building Standard or
Administrative Change
Finding
Section 18.10.010 Deletion of Sections 103, 104, 106, and 107 related to administrative changes.

Administrative provisions relating to
duties and powers of code official,
permits, fees, certificates of occupancy,
service utilities, stop work orders,
violations, penalties, and appeals are
specified in Sections 103, 104, and 108
through 116 of the California Building
Code, as amended and adopted by the
city.

Administrative change Not applicable. No finding required.

Section 18.10.020 New section added to the CMC to
establish screening requirements for
mechanical equipment
Building standard The city strives to achieve uniformity among the local jurisdictions in the enforcement of the
building standards. To that end, minimizing the
number of amendments to the state codes is the
prime goal. However, the city is largely urbanized
and nearing build-out with residential
subdivisions, commercial and industrial uses, and
recreation and open spaces. As a general setting,
rolling foothills frames much of the city’s land.

Many properties have scenic views. The
topography of the city lends itself to noticeable
changes to the existing visual character when
land improvements are made. The proposed code
change addresses screening requirements for all
new mechanical equipment and helps maximize
the visual quality and aesthetic value of all
project frontages. Health and Safety Code
Sections 17958.7 and 18941.5 authorizes
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 51 of 92
modifications to the building standards based on
climatic, geologic or topographical conditions,
which is further substantiated in the ordinance.

The amendment to the code described above is
necessary to preserve the health, welfare and
safety of residents, businesses and property
within the city. The section deletions are
substantially equivalent to administrative
Building Code changes previously filed by the city
and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.10.030 New section added to the CMC to
establish rooftop hazard avoidance
Building standard Roof safety is a system of preventative and safety measures. Any mechanical devices or access
points that are located close to a roof’s edge
requires safety guard railings at the edge of the
building’s roof. The placement of a safety rail or
fence at the edge of a roof line has the potential
to degrade the quality of views of the building
from the site, its surroundings, and from near or
far various topographical advantages. Health and
Safety Code Sections 17958.7 and 18941.5
authorizes modifications to the building
standards based on climatic, geologic or
topographical conditions, which is further
substantiated in the ordinance.

The amendment to the code described above is
necessary to preserve the health, welfare and
safety of residents, businesses and property
within the city.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 52 of 92

SECTION 4: 2025 CALIFORNIA PLUMBING CODE

The proposed modifications made to the 2025 California Plumbing Code in Chapter 18.16 (“Plumbing Code”) are detailed in the ordinance. Pursuant to state law, the city may amend the building code to impose more restrictive building standards if express findings are made that such amendments are necessary because of local climatic, geological or topographical conditions and are substantially equivalent to a change previously filed by the city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025. No findings are necessary to enact local regulations necessary to carry out procedures by the city relating to civil, administrative, or criminal procedures and remedies available for enforcing code violations, and that do not establish building standards.

Table D: 2025 Plumbing Code Adoption Matrix

CMC Section Section Amended Building Standard or
Administrative Change
Finding
Section 18.16.010 Adoption of Appendix H (Private Sewage Disposal Systems) and M (Peak Water
Demand Calculator). Deletion of
Sections 103, 104, 106, and 107 related
to administrative changes.

Combination Building
standard and
administrative change
Local conditions have an adverse effect on the
prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards in order to ensure
safe design and construction of private sewage
disposal systems under challenging
environmental conditions. For this reason, it is
necessary to adopt Appendix H. The amendment
to the code described above is necessary to
preserve the health, welfare and safety of
residents, businesses and property within the
city.

To assist plumbing system designers and to
encourage proper use and promote uniform
application of the new approaches for estimating
peak water demands, it is necessary to adopt
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 53 of 92
Appendix M. Estimating peak water supply
demand for different project types would result
in more accurately sized systems consistent with
the lower flow rates and consumption values
from water-efficient plumbing fixtures and
appliances.

Health and Safety Code Sections 17958.7 and
18941.5 authorize modifications to the building
standards based on local climatic, geologic, or
topographical conditions. The section deletions
are substantially equivalent to administrative
Building Code changes previously filed by the city
and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.16.020 Section 1505 amended to identify
minimum requirements for bypass tees
recycled water systems.

Building standard Local conditions require necessary changes or modifications to the state building standards to
ensure sufficient recycled water systems and
reduce potential for contamination of the potable
water system. The bypass tee is important
because it allows for safe diversion, preventing
backups or overflow into streets or buildings
under challenging environmental conditions.

Health and Safety Code Sections 17958.7 and
18941.5 authorize modifications to the building
standards based on local climatic, geologic, or
topographical conditions.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.16.030 New section to establish the appropriate sizing of roof drainage systems
Building standard The city strives to achieve uniformity among the local jurisdictions in the enforcement of the
building standards. To that end, minimizing the
number of amendments to the state codes is the
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 54 of 92
prime goal. However, the code needs to
incorporate a rainfall intensity for sizing of storm
water drainage infrastructure for roofs that is
consistent with locally documented storm events
and drainage reports. The proposed amendment
adjusts the rate to reflect concentrated surges
(i.e., 1-hour storm rainfall amounts) and duration
intensities that were modeled according to the
San Diego Hydrology Manual and the isopluvial
maps provided. Health and Safety Code Sections
17958.7 and 18941.5 authorizes modifications to
the building standards based on climatic, geologic
or topographical conditions, which is further
substantiated in the ordinance.

The amendment to the code described above is
necessary to preserve the health, welfare and
safety of residents, businesses and property
within the city.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

SECTION 5: 2025 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE

The proposed modifications made to the 2025 California Energy Code in Chapter 18.30 (“Energy Code”) are detailed in the ordinance. Pursuant to state law, the city may amend the Energy Code to impose more restrictive building standards if express findings are made that such amendments are necessary because of local climatic, geological or topographical conditions and are substantially equivalent to a change previously filed by the city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025. No findings are necessary to enact local regulations necessary to carry out procedures by the city relating to civil, administrative, or criminal procedures and remedies available for enforcing code violations, and that do not establish building standards.

Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 55 of 92
Table E: 2025 Energy Code Adoption Matrix

CMC Section Section Amended Building Standard or
Administrative Change
Finding
Section 18.30.010 Adoption of Appendix 1-A (Standards
and Documents Referenced). Deletion of
Sections 103, 104, 106, and 107 is
related to administrative changes.

Combination of
Building standard and
administrative change
Local conditions have an adverse effect on the
prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards under challenging
environmental conditions.

Health and Safety Code Sections 17958.7 and
18941.5 authorize modifications to the building
standards based on local climatic, geologic, or
topographical conditions.

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

Section 18.30.020 Section 120.11 amended to change the
solar or recovered energy requirements
for nonresidential buildings
Building standard These provisions are already adopted, per Ord.

CS-364. Failure to address and substantially
reduce local greenhouse gas emissions creates an
increased risk to the health, safety, and welfare
of city residents, businesses. and other
community members. Energy efficiency enhances
the public health and welfare by promoting the
environmental and economic health of the city
through incorporating green practices into the
design, construction, maintenance, and operation
of new and existing buildings. Installation of
renewable energy systems to provide a building's
Section 18.30.030 Section 140.5 amended to change the
water heating requirements for
nonresidential buildings
Building standard
Section 18.30.040 Section 141.2 amended to change the
nonresidential photovoltaic
requirements
Building standard
Section 18.30.050 Section 150 amended to change the
solar or recovered energy requirements
for single family homes
Building standard
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Item #6 Page 56 of 92
Section 18.30.060 Section 150.2 amended to change
energy efficiency requirements on single
family home alterations and additions
Building standard energy and water heating needs enhances the public health and welfare by reducing air
pollution and greenhouse gas emissions that
come from fossil fuel combustion. According to
the Carlsbad Climate Action Plan, community-
wide GHG emissions need to be reduced 49
percent by 2035 to help achieve statewide
reduction targets necessary to reduce impacts
from climate change. Residential land uses
account for 25 percent of the community's GHG
emissions, while commercial and industrial uses
are responsible for about 32 percent.

Implementation of energy efficiency,
photovoltaic energy and alternative water
heating systems in new and existing residential
and nonresidential buildings will significantly
reduce emissions from these uses.

The following studies demonstrate that the local
amendments are cost effective and do not result
in buildings consuming more energy than is
permitted by the California Energy Code. (All
studies can be found on the Local Energy Codes
and Standards website at:
https://localenergycodes.com

1) 2024 Cost Effectiveness Study: Existing
Single-Family Residential Building
Upgrades (May 23, 2024)
2) 2024 Cost Effectiveness Study: Single-
Family New Construction (May 20, 2024)
3) 2023 Cost Effectiveness Study: New
Multi-Family Buildings (May 23, 2023)
Section 18.30.070 Section 180.5 amended to change
energy efficiency requirements on multi-
family home alterations and additions
Building standard
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Item #6 Page 57 of 92
4) 2023 Cost Effectiveness Study: Non-
Residential New Construction (Jan. 31,
2023)

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

SECTION 6: 2025 CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS CODE

The proposed modifications made to the 2025 California Green Building Standards Code in Chapter 18.21 (“Green Building Standards Code”) are detailed in the ordinance. Pursuant to state law, the city may amend the Green Building Standards Code to impose more restrictive building standards if express findings are made that such amendments are necessary because of local climatic, geological or topographical conditions and are substantially equivalent to a change previously filed by the city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025. No findings are necessary to enact local regulations necessary to carry out procedures by the city relating to civil, administrative, or criminal procedures and remedies available for enforcing code violations, and that do not establish building standards.

Table F: 2025 Green Building Standards Code Adoption Matrix

CMC Section Section Amended Building Standard or
Administrative Change
Finding
Section 18.21.020 Section 202 amended to clarify the
scope of definitions.

Building standard These provisions are already adopted, per Ord.

CS-364. Failure to address and substantially
reduce local greenhouse gas emissions creates an
increased risk to the health, safety, and welfare
of the city residents, businesses and other
community members. Energy efficiency enhances
the public health and welfare by promoting the
environmental and economic health of the city
Section 18.21.030 Section 4.106 amended to adopt more
restrictive EV requirements for
residential (construction and installation
standards)
Building standard
Section 18.21.040 Section 5.106 amended to adopt certain more restrictive EV requirements for
Building standard
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Item #6 Page 58 of 92
nonresidential (construction and
installation standards)
through incorporating green practices into the
design, construction, maintenance, and operation
of new and existing buildings. Installation of
renewable energy systems to provide a building's
energy and water heating needs enhances the
public health and welfare by reducing air
pollution and greenhouse gas emissions that
come from fossil fuel combustion. According to
the Carlsbad Climate Action Plan, community-
wide GHG emissions need to be reduced 49
percent by 2035 to help achieve statewide
reduction targets necessary to reduce impacts
from climate change. Residential land uses
account for 25 percent of the community's GHG
emissions, while commercial and industrial uses
are responsible for about 32 percent.

1) 2024 Cost Effectiveness Study: Existing
Single-Family Residential Building
Upgrades (May 23, 2024)
Section 18.21.050 Appendix A5 adopted to adopt certain
nonresidential voluntary measures and
amended to change the service water
heating and on-site renewable energy
requirements
Building standard
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Item #6 Page 59 of 92
2) 2024 Cost Effectiveness Study: Single-
Family New Construction (May 20, 2024)
3) 2023 Cost Effectiveness Study: New
Multi-Family Buildings (May 23, 2023)
4) 2023 Cost Effectiveness Study: Non-
Residential New Construction (Jan. 31,
2023)

The code amendment is substantially equivalent
to Building Code changes previously filed by the
city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

SECTION 7: 2025 EXISTING BUILDING CODE

The proposed modifications made to the 2025 California Existing Building Code in Chapter 18.09 (“Existing Building Code”) are detailed in the ordinance. Pursuant to state law, the city may amend the Existing Building Code to impose more restrictive building standards if express findings are made that such amendments are necessary because of local climatic, geological or topographical conditions and are substantially equivalent to a change previously filed by the city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025. No findings are necessary to enact local regulations necessary to carry out procedures by the city relating to civil, administrative, or criminal procedures and remedies available for enforcing code violations, and that do not establish building standards.

Table G: 2025 Existing Building Code Adoption Matrix

CMC Section Section Amended Building Standard or
Administrative Change
Finding
Section 18.09.010 Adoption of Appendix A (Guidelines for the Seismic Retrofit of Existing Buildings)
and B (Supplementary Accessibility
Requirements for Existing Buildings and
Facilities); deletion of Sections 103, 104,
106 through 108, and 110 through 115
Combination of
building standard and
administrative change
Local conditions have an adverse effect on the
prevention of major loss fires, major earthquake
damage, and the potential for life and property
loss, making necessary changes or modifications
to the state building standards under challenging
environmental conditions.

Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 60 of 92
related to administrative changes.

Administrative provisions relating to
duties and powers of code official,
permits, fees, certificates of occupancy,
service utilities, stop work orders,
violations, penalties, and appeals are
specified in Sections 103, 104, 105, and
108 through 116 of the California
Building Code, as amended and adopted
by the city.

Earthquake damage to structures can be caused
by ground rupture, liquefaction, ground shaking,
and possibly inundation from tsunami (as
discussed above). The level of damage at a
location resulting from an earthquake will
depend upon the magnitude of the event, the
epicenter distance, the response of geologic
materials, and the design and construction
quality of structures. Although there are no active
faults within Carlsbad, the city is located within a
seismically active region and earthquakes have
the potential to cause ground shaking of
significant magnitude. For this reason, and
because the city has a lot of older structures,
some which are unreinforced masonry structures
it is necessary to adopt Appendix A. The
amendment to the code described above is
necessary to preserve the health, welfare and
safety of residents, businesses and property
within the city.

Regarding Appendix B, under the Title II ADA
regulation, state and local governments must
provide program accessibility in existing facilities,
and the under the Title III regulation public
accommodations must remove architectural
barriers in existing facilities where it is “readily
achievable.” Public entities, such as Carlsbad
must reasonably modify their rules, policies, and
procedures to avoid discriminating against people
with disabilities. This proposed amendment is
related to the public entities’ program
accessibility obligations. Local conditions,
Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 61 of 92
including a new historic local register, warrant
making necessary changes or modifications to the
state building standards under challenging
environmental conditions to accommodate
alterations of changes of occupancy to qualified
historic buildings and facilities.

Regarding the deletion of Sections 103, 104, 106
through 108 and 110 through 115, they are
substantially equivalent to administrative
Building Code changes previously filed by the city
and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025.

SECTION 8: 2025 HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE

The proposed modifications made to the 2025 California Historical Building Code in Chapter 18.08 (“Historical Building Code”) are detailed in the ordinance. Pursuant to state law, the city may amend the Historical Building Code to impose more restrictive building standards if express findings are made that such amendments are necessary because of local climatic, geological or topographical conditions and are substantially equivalent to a change previously filed by the city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025. No findings are necessary to enact local regulations necessary to carry out procedures by the city relating to civil, administrative, or criminal procedures and remedies available for enforcing code violations, and that do not establish building standards.

Table H: 2025 Historical Building Code Adoption Matrix

CMC Section Section Amended Building Standard or
Administrative Change
Finding
Section 18.08.010 Deletion of Section 8-104 related to
administrative changes. Administrative
provisions relating to duties and powers
of code official, permits, fees,
certificates of occupancy, service
utilities, stop work orders, violations,
Administrative change Not applicable. No finding required.

Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 62 of 92
penalties, and appeals are specified in
Sections 103, 104, 105, and 108 through
116 of the California Building Code, as
amended and adopted by the city.

SECTION 9: 2025 ELECTRICAL BUILDING CODE

The proposed modifications made to the 2025 California Electrical Code in Chapter 18.12 (“Electrical Code”) are detailed in the ordinance. Pursuant to state law, the city may amend the Electrical Building Code to impose more restrictive building standards if express findings are made that such amendments are necessary because of local climatic, geological or topographical conditions and are substantially equivalent to a change previously filed by the city and were in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025. No findings are necessary to enact local regulations necessary to carry out procedures by the city relating to civil, administrative, or criminal procedures and remedies available for enforcing code violations, and that do not establish building standards.

Table H: 2025 Electrical Building Code Adoption Matrix

CMC Section Section Amended Building Standard or
Administrative Change
Finding
Section 18.12.010 Adoption by reference to the duties and powers of code official, permits, fees,
certificates of occupancy, service
utilities, stop work orders, violations,
penalties, and appeals are specified in
Sections 103, 104, 105, and 108 through
116 of the California Building Code, as
amended and adopted by the city.

Administrative change. Not applicable. No finding required.

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Item #6 Page 63 of 92
Exhibit 2

PROPOSED LOCAL AMENDMENTS TO STATE MODEL CODES

SHOWN IN UNDERLINE AND STRIKEOUT

Amend Title 18 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code to read as specified below, signified as r
eplacements, additions, or revisions to existing text. Revisions to existing text are shown in order by section number, with strikeout typeface (i.e. strikeout) illustrating deletions and underline typeface (i.e. underline) illustrating new text.

A clean-copy of the proposed changes are provided in the ordinance.

Chapter 18.03 GENERAL PROVISIONS
§ 18.03.010 California Building Standards Code.

A. T his title shall serve as the technical codes for building, property, health, and safety regulations for the city, which are partially comprised of the 2022 2025 edition of the California Title 24 Codes, or California Building Standards Codes, as defined in California Health and Safety Code Section 18901 et seq. At the time of the enactment of this title, the California Building Standards Codes is comprised of Part 1 California Administrative Code; Part 2 California Building Code; Part 2.5 California Residential Code; Part 3 California Electrical Code; Part 4 California Mechanical Code; Part 5 California Plumbing Code; Part 6 California Energy Code; Part 8 California Historical Building Code; Part 9 California Fire Code; Part 10 California Existing Building Code; Part 11 California Green Building Standards Code; and Part 12 California Referenced Standards Code.

B. T
he provisions of the codes and standards referenced in the California Building Standards Codes shall be considered part of the requirements of this title to the prescribed extent of each such reference.

C. T he building official or designee shall enforce the applicable provisions of the California Building Standards Codes, with such additions, deletions, and modifications, as are adopted in them, with the exception of those provisions of the Fire Code, 20222025 edition, which are to be enforced by the Fire Chief. The building official may develop guidelines or division policies to implement, administer, and enforce this title.

D. W
here the phrase or reference to "name of jurisdiction" or "jurisdiction" appears in the California Building Standards Codes, such phrase or reference shall be construed by the reader to mean the same thing as the "City of Carlsbad" and the use of the term shall be interchangeable.

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F. Existing and proposed legislation may affect the requirements contained in this title at any time. In the event of any conflict between this title and any applicable federal, state, or local law, rule, or regulation shall supersede this code and shall be effective and enforceable immediately. This section is declaratory of existing law and is not to be construed as suggesting that such was not the purpose and intent of previous adoptions of the California Building Standards Code.

Chapter 18.04 BUILDING CODE
§ 18.04.005 Adoption and scope.

The 20222025 California Building Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 2, Volumes 1 and 2, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, hereinafter referred to as the building code, is adopted in its entirety and incorporated by this reference, except for changes, additions, deletions and amendments in this chapter, which shall supersede the provisions of said code. The following appendices of the building code are included in the adoption: Appendix H (Signs). The following appendices are deleted:

Appendices A through G, and I through PQ.

§ 18.04.010 Administrative regulations.

Chapter 1 (Scope and Administration) to the California Building Code, 20222025 edition, shall generally constitute the Administrative Code for the city, establishing the supplementary administrative, organizational and enforcement rules and regulations as applicable for the following technical codes: Uniform Housing Code, 1997 edition; Dangerous Building Code, 1997 edition; California Electrical Code, 20222025 edition; California Mechanical Code, 20222025 edition; California Plumbing Code, 20222025 edition; Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa and Hot Tub Code, 19972024 edition; Uniform Solar, Hydronics and Geothermal Code, 20212024 edition; California Energy Code, 20222025 edition; California Solar Energy Code, 2022 edition; California Historical Building Code, 20222025 edition; California Existing Building Code, 20222025 edition; and California Green Building Standards Code, 20222025 edition. Each and all of the regulations, provisions, conditions and terms therein shall supplement and apply to each of the technical codes. Whenever there are practical difficulties involved in carrying out the provisions of the Administrative Code or where there is a conflict between a general requirement and a specific requirement, the specific requirement shall be applicable with the force of law.

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§ 18.04.020 Section 104 (Duties and Powers of the Building Official) of the California Building Code amended.

A. Section 104.1 is amended to read as follows:
104.1 General.

The building official is hereby authorized and directed to enforce the provisions of this code. The building official shall have the authority to render interpretations of this code and to adopt policies and procedures as supplemental to this code in order to clarify the application of its provisions or to implement or facilitate inspection functions, the issuance of permits and certificates. Such interpretations, policies and procedures shall be in compliance with the intent and purpose of this code. Such policies and procedures shall not have the effect of waiving requirements specifically provided for in this code.

Section 104.2.25 is added to read as follows:
104.2.25 Rebuild threshold and limits on repair and remodel.

The building official shall determine the applicability of certain permitting procedures and requirements for repair and remodeling projects on a case -by-case basis. A project classified as "rebuild" pursuant to this section shall be treated as a new build ing or structure. Modification of fixtures, finishes, and systems shall not be considered in measuring project magnitude.

The calculation of the percentage of floor area affected and final determination of required improvements shall be made by the building official.

3. Special consideration for unforeseen defects and damages. If construction defects or damages (e.g., pest or water damage) are discovered after construction has begun that were not predictable or known by ordinary means such as pest damage reports and other inspections and precautions, work must cease until the building Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 66 of 92
official has been notified. The building official shall have the discretion to evaluate the circumstances of the discovery and may allow the rebuild threshold to be increased provided procedures deemed appropriate by the building official are followed.

§ 18.04.025 Section 105 (Permits) of the California Building Code amended.

A. Section 105.1 is amended to read as follows:
105.1 Required.

Any owner or owner's authorized agent who intends to construct, enlarge, alter, repair, move, demolish or change the occupancy of a building or structure, or to erect, install, alter, repair, remove, convert or replace any electrical, gas, mechanical or plumbing system, the installation of which is regulated by this code, or to cause any such work to be performed shall first make application to the building official and obtain the required permit. The submission of a building permit application shall be con strued as attestation that the property owner and/or permit applicant are aware of the scope of the project and will only perform or allow work within that scope unless a building permit revision is subsequently authorized by the building official.

B. Section 105.1.3 is added to read as follows:
105.1.3 Personal or electronic submission.

The property owner or permit applicant may submit the permit application and associated documentation to the building division by personal or electronic submittal together with any required permit processing and inspection fees. In the case of electronic submittal, the electronic signature of the applicant on all forms, applications, and other documentation may be used in lieu of a wet signature.

C. Section 105.1.4 is added to read as follows:
105.1.4 Partial permits.

At the discretion of the building official, a partial permit may be issued to allow construction to begin before the project plans are approved. To qualify for a partial permit, the permit applicant must submit plans for the primary permit, and the plans must be accepted as complete for the jurisdiction's review. Work authorized by the partial permit shall be limited to underground site work, including underground plumbing, electrical, and mechanical work.

Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 67 of 92
D. Section 105.2 is amended to read as follows:
105.2 Work exempt from permit.

Building:

2. Fences, other than swimming pool barriers, not over six feet (1829 mm) high.

3. Oil derricks.

5. Water tanks supported directly on grade if the capacity is not greater than 5,000 gallons (18,925 L) and the ratio of height to diameter or width is not greater than 2:1.

6. Sidewalks and driveways not more than 30 inches (762 mm) above adjacent grade, and not over any basement or story below and are not part of an accessible route.

7. Painting, papering, tiling, carpeting, cabinets, countertops, and similar finish work.

8. Temporary motion pictures, music, television and theater stage sets and scenery.

9. Prefabricated swimming pools accessory to a Group R-3 occupancy that are not greater than 5,000 gallons (18,925 L) and are installed entirely above ground.

Nov. 4, 2025
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10. Shade cloth structures constructed for nursery or agricultural purposes, not including service systems.

11. Swings and other playground equipment accessory to buildings and structures in this code.

12. Window awnings in Group R-3 and U occupancies, supported by an exterior wall that do not project more than 54 inches (1372 mm) from the exterior wall and do not require additional support.

13. Non-fixed and movable fixtures, cases, racks, counters and partitions not over 5 feet 9 inches (1753 mm) in height.

14. Skateboard ramps. The building or structure shall not exceed the height requirements set forth in any local ordinances or other applicable law.

Electrical:

1. Repairs and maintenance: Minor repair work, including the replacement of lamps or the connection of approved portable electrical equipment to approved permanently installed receptacles.

3. Temporary testing systems: A permit shall not be required for the installation of any temporary system required for the testing or servicing of electrical equipment or apparatus.

Gas:

1. Portable heating appliance.

2. Replacement of any minor part that does not alter approval of equipment or make such equipment unsafe.

Mechanical:

1. Portable heating appliance.

2. Portable ventilation equipment.

3. Portable cooling unit.

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4. Steam, hot or chilled water piping within any heating or cooling equipment regulated by this code.

5. Replacement of any part that does not alter its approval or make it unsafe.

6. Portable evaporative cooler.

7. Self-contained refrigeration system containing 10 pounds (4.54 kg) or less of refrigerant and actuated by motors of 1 horsepower (0.75kW) or less.

Plumbing:

E. Section 105.3 is amended to read as follows:
105.3 Application for permit.

To obtain a permit, the applicant shall first file an application in writing on a form furnished by the department of building safety for that purpose. Such application shall:

1. Identify and describe the work to be covered by the permit for which application is made.

2. Describe the land on which the proposed work is to be done by legal description, street address or similar description that will readily identify and definitely locate the proposed building or work.

3. Indicate the use and occupancy for which the proposed work is intended.

4. Be accompanied by construction documents and other information as required in Section 107.

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5. State the valuation of the proposed work. The valuations or value shall include the total value of work, including materials and labor for which the building permit is requested. Contract price valuations may be subject to further review and documentation.

6. Where applicable, state the area to be landscaped in square feet and the source of water for irrigation.

7. Be signed by the property owner or applicant, or the applicant's authorized agent, who may be required to submit evidence to indicate signature authority. Whenever any constructive work, including, but not limited to, excavation or fill, requires entry onto adjacent property for any reason, the permit applicant shall obtain the written consent or written proof of legal easements or other property rights of the adjacent property owner or their authorized representative. The consent shall be in a form acceptable to the building official.

8. Diversion requirement and waste management plans. Except as otherwise provided in this code, all property owners or permit applicants shall complete and submit a waste management plan as part of the application packet for the building permit, certifying that the diversion requirements will be satisfied for construction waste reduction, disposal, and recycling.

9. Give such other data and information as required by the building official.

§ 18.04.075 ReservedSection 903 (Automatic Sprinkler Systems) of the California Building Code amended.

Section 903.2 is amended to read as follows:

903.2 Where required.

Approved automatic sprinkler systems in new buildings and structures shall be provided in the locations described in Sections 903.2.1. through 903.2.12 and Sections 903.2.14 through 903.2.21. Notwithstanding, an approved automatic fire sprinkler system shall be provided in all new non-residential buildings constructed in which the aggregate floor area exceeds five thousand (5,000) square feet (464m2), regardless of occupancy classification and locations described in Sections 903.2 et seq. Mezzanines shall be included in the total square footage calculation.

Exceptions:

1. Spaces or areas in telecommunication buildings used exclusively for telecommunications equipment, associated electrical power distribution equipment, batteries not required to have an automatic sprinkler system by Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 71 of 92
Section 1207 of the California Fire Code for energy storage systems and standby engines, provided that those spaces or areas are equipped throughout with an automatic smoke detection system in accordance with Section 907. 2 of the California Building Code and are separated from the remainder of the building by not less than 1-hour fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 of the California Building Code or not less than 2-hour horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 711 of the California Building Code, or both.

Chapter 18.08 HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE
§ 18.08.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 20222025 California Historical Building Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted in its entirety and incorporated by this reference as the historical building code. Section 8-104 is deleted.

B. The building official is hereby authorized and directed to apply the administrative, organizational and enforcement rules and regulations of the city’s building code , as amended, to implement the historical building code. Administrative provisions relating to duties and powers of code official, permits, fees, certificates of occupancy, service utilities, stop work orders, violations, penalties, and appeals are specified in Sections 103, 104, 105, and 108 through 11 6 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1 -Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

Chapter 18.09 EXISTING BUILDING CODE
§ 18.09.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 20222025California Existing Building Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted in its entirety and incorporated by this reference as the existing building code. The following appendices of the existing building code are adopted: Appendix A (Guidelines for the Seismic Retrofit of Existing Buildings) and B (Supplementary Accessibility Requirements for Existing Buildings and Facilities). The following sections, chapters, or appendices are deleted: S ections 103 et seq. through Section 114 et seq.;,104, 106 through 108, and 110 through 115, and Appendices C and D.

B. The provisions of this code that are adopted by the city shall apply to all existing buildings and structures for which a legal building permit has been issued, including, but not limited to, any appurtenances connected or attached to such Nov. 4, 2025
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buildings or structures. Any reference to the California Building Code within the California Existing Building Code includes all local building code amendments as adopted by the city.

Chapter 18.10 MECHANICAL CODE
§ 18.10.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 20222025 California Mechanical Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted and incorporated by this reference as the mechanical code. The following sections, chapters, or appendices are deleted: Sections 103, 104, 104.3, 104.4, 106 et seq., and 107 et seq., of Chapter 1; Chapter 15; and Appendices A through HJ.

Chapter 18.12 ELECTRICAL CODE
§ 18.12.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 20222025 California Electrical Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted in its entirety and incorporated by this reference as the electrical code.

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B. The provisions of this code that are adopted by the city shall apply to electrical wiring, apparatus and systems installed, used, designed or intended to be used.

Any reference to the California Building Code within the California Electrical Code includes all local building code amendments as adopted by the city.

Administrative provisions relating to duties and powers of the authority having jurisdiction, permits, fees, certificates of occupancy, service utilities, stop work orders, violations, penalties, and appeals are specified in Sections 103 through 105, and 10 7 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1-Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

Chapter 18.16 PLUMBING CODE
§ 18.16.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 20222025 California Plumbing Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted and incorporated by this reference as the plumbing code except for amendments in this chapter.

The following appendices of the plumbing code are included in the adoption:

Appendix H (Private Sewage Disposal Systems) and M (Peak Water Demand Calculator). The following sections, chapters, or appendices are deleted: Sections 103 et seq., 104, 104.3, 104.4, 104.5, 106 et seq., and 107 et seq. of Chapter 1; and Appendices A through G, I through L, and N through S.

B. The provisions of this code that are adopted by the city shall apply to plumbing equipment, systems, materials, or appurtenances or portions thereof installed, used, designed or intended to be used. Any reference to the California Building Code within the California Plumbing Code includes all local building code amendments as adopted by the city.

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§ 18.16.020 Section 1505 (Recycled Water Systems in Buildings) of the California Plumbing Code amended.

Section 1505.1011 is amended to read as follows:
1505.1011 Required Appurtenances.

The recycled water supply system and the potable water system within the building and the premises shall be provided with the required appurtenances (e.g., valves, air/vacuum relief valves, etc.).

All new buildings where recycled water will be used for irrigation shall install on the building supply pipe a bypass tee for recycled water cross-connection shut down testing.

The bypass tee shall be constructed of copper and the size shall match the building supply pipe size approved for the building. The bypass tee shall be connected to the building supply pipe above ground and before the pressure regulator at a point just before it enters the building. Both end connections to the building supply pipe shall be made using a union. A bronze full port straight ball valve with handle shall be installed on the inlet side of the bypass tee for the building supply pipe and sized to match the inlet tee. A bronze full port straight ball valve with tee -head and pad lock wing shall be installed on the side inlet tee, which shall be threaded with a male hose thread adapter to match the building supply pipe size. The work shall be in conformance with Engineering Standard Drawing W35. All shut down tests using the bypass tee shall be conducted with a backflow prevention device to reduce potential for contamination of the potable water system.

Chapter 18.18 SOLAR ENERGY CODE
§ 18.18.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The Uniform Solar, Hydronics and Geothermal Code, 20212024 edition, copyrighted by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials is adopted in its entirety and incorporated by this reference as the solar energy code. The following sections, chapters, or appendices are deleted: Sections 103, 104, 106, and 107 of Chapter 1; and Appendices A through F.

Administrative provisions relating to duties and powers of the authority having jurisdiction, permits, fees, stop work orders, violations, penalties, stop orders, and appeals are specified in Sections 103, 104, and 108 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1-Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

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Chapter 18.19 DANGEROUS BUILDING CODE
§ 18.19.010 Adoption of the Uniform Code for the Abatement of Dangerous Buildings.

A. Chapters 3, 4, 7, 8, and 9 of the The Uniform Code for the Abatement of Dangerous Buildings, 1997 Edition, copyrighted by the International Conference of Building Officials, is adopted by reference as the city ’s dangerous building code, with the exception of Chapters 2, 5, and 6.

B. The building official is hereby authorized and directed to apply the administrative, organizational and enforcement rules and regulations of the building code to replace C hapters 2, 5, and 6 of the dangerous building code. Administrative provisions relating to duties and powers of the building official such as applications and permits, code compliance, enforcement, violations, and penalties and building fees, certificates of occupancy, service utilities, means of appeals, and stop work orders are specified in Sections 103 through 105, and 108 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1-Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

Chapter 18.20 RESIDENTIAL CODE
§ 18.20.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 20222025 California Residential Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted and incorporated by this reference as the residential code except for amendments in this chapter.

The following sections are deleted: Sections R103, R104, R107, R108, and R110 through R114 of Chapter 1. The following sections or appendices are deleted:

Sections R108 et seq., R110 et seq., R112 et seq., R113 et seq. and R114 et seq. of Chapter 1; and Appendices AF, AG, AI, AJ, AL, AO, AR through AW, and AY. Only the following appendices of the residential code are adopted and incorporated by reference: Appendix BF (Patio Covers), BG (Sound Transmission), BB (Tiny Houses), CI (Swimming Pool Safety Act) and CJ (Emergency Housing).

B. The provisions of this code that are adopted by the city shall only apply to detached one -and two -family dwelling and townhomes not more than three stories and structures accessory thereto installed, used, designed or intended to be used. Any reference to the California Building Code within the California Residential Code includes all local building code amendments as adopted by the city.

C. The building official is authorized and directed to apply the administrative, organizational and enforcement rules and regulations of the building code to implement the residential code or portions of the code adopted, and replace the Nov. 4, 2025
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deleted sections enumerated in Section A of this chapter . Administrative provisions relating to duties and powers of the building official such as applications and permits, code compliance, enforcement, violations, and penalties and building fees, certificates of occupancy, service utilities, means of appeals, and stop work orders are specified in Sections 103, 104, and 108 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1 -Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

§ 18.20.020 Reserved. Section R104 (Duties and Powers of the Building Official) of the California Residential Code amended.

Section R104.1 is amended to read as follows:

R104.1 General.

The building official is hereby authorized and directed to enforce the provisions of this code. The building official shall have the authority to render interpretations of this code and to adopt policies and procedures as supplemental to this code in order to clarify the application of its provisions or to implement or facilitate inspection functions, the issuance of permits and certificates, and other administrative and enforcement duties imposed by the code. Such interpretations, policies and procedures shall be in compliance with the intent and purpose of this code. Such policies and procedures shall not have the effect of waiving requirements specifically provided for in this code.

§ 18.20.030 Section R105 (Permits) of the California Building Code amended.

A. Section R105.1 is amended to read as follows:

R105.1 Required.

R105.1.1 Personal or electronic submission.

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R105.1.2. Partial permits.

B. Section R105.2 is amended to read as follows:

R105.2 Work exempt from permit.

Building:

1. O
ther than storm shelters, one -story detached accessory buildings or structures, provided that the floor area does not exceed 120 square feet (11.15 m2square meters) and the building or structure is entirely above grade and is not located on a maintenance easement, on a public utilities easement, or within a setback area as required by any local ordinance or other applicable law. The building or structure shall not exceed the height requirements set forth in any local ordinance or other applicable law. It is permissible that these buildings or structures still be regulated by Section 710APart 7 Wildland Urban Interface Code, despite exemption from permit.

2. Fe nces not over six feet (1829 mm) high.

4. Water tanks supported directly on grade if the capacity is not greater than 5,000 gallons (18,925 L) and the ratio of height to diameter or width is not greater than 2:1.

5. Sidewalks and driveways not more than 30 inches (762 mm) above adjacent grade, and not over any basement or story below and are not part of an accessible route.

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6. Painting, papering, tiling, carpeting, cabinets, countertops, and similar finish work.

7. Prefabricated swimming pools that are less than 24 inches (610 mm) deep.

8. Swings and other playground equipment accessory to detached one- and two family dwellings.

9. Window awnings, supported by an exterior wall that do not project more than 54 inches (1372 mm) from the exterior wall and do not require additional support.

10. Decks not exceeding 200 square feet (18.58 m2square meters) in area, that are not more than 30 inches (762 mm) above grade at any point, are not attached to a dwelling or townhouse and do not serve the exit door required by Section R311.4.R318.4.

11. Skateboard ramps. The building or structure shall not exceed the height requirements set forth in any local ordinances or other applicable law.

Electrical:

1. Listed cord-and-plug connected temporary decorative lighting.

2. Reinstallation of attachment plug receptacles but not the outlets therefor.

3. Replacement of branch circuit overcurrent devices of the required capacity in the same location.

4. Electrical wiring, devices, appliances, apparatus or equipment operating at less than 25 volts and not capable of supplying more than 50 watts of energy.

5. Minor repair work, including the replacement of lamps or the connection of approved portable electrical equipment to approved permanently installed receptacles.

Gas:

1. Portable heating, cooking or clothes drying appliance.

2. Replacement of any minor part that does not alter approval of equipment or make such equipment unsafe.

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3. Portable-fuel-cell appliances that are not connected to a fixed piping system and are not interconnected to a power grid.

Mechanical:

1. Portable heating appliance.

2. Portable ventilation equipment.

3. Portable cooling unit.

4. Steam, hot or chilled water piping within any heating or cooling equipment regulated by this code.

5. Replacement of any part that does not alter its approval or make it unsafe.

6. Portable evaporative coolers.

7. Self-contained refrigeration system containing 10 pounds (4.54 kg) or less of refrigerant and actuated by motors of 1 horsepower (0.75kW) or less.

8. Portable-fuel-cell appliances that are not connected to a fixed piping system and are not interconnected to a power grid.

Plumbing:

§ 18.20.060 Reserved.Section R1 11 ( Utilities) of the California Residential Code amended.

Section R111.4 is added to read as follows:

R111.4 Authority to condemn building service equipment.

When any building service equipment is maintained in violation of the technical codes and in violation of a notice issued pursuant to the provisions of this section, the building Nov. 4, 2025
Item #6 Page 80 of 92
official shall institute appropriate action to prevent, restrain, correct, or abate the violation. When the building official ascertains that building service equipment regulated in the technical codes has become hazardous to life, health, or property, or has become unsanitary, the building official shall order in writing that such equipment either be removed or restored to a safe or sanitary condition, as appropriate. The written notice shall fix a time limit for compliance with such order. Defective building service equipment shall not be maintained after receiving such notice.

R111.4.1 Connection after order to disconnect.

Persons shall not make connections from an energy, fuel, or power supply nor supply energy or fuel to building service equipment which has been disconnected or ordered to be disconnected by the building official, or the use of which has been ordered to be discontinued by the building official, until the building official authorizes the reconnection and use of such equipment.

Chapter 18.21 CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS CODE
§ 18.21.010 Adoption and scope.

The 20222025 California Green Building Standards Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code, is adopted and incorporated by this reference as the green building standards code except for changes, additions, deletions and amendments in this chapter.

The following sections or chapters of Appendix A5 of the green building standards code ar
e included in the adoption: Sections A5.201, A5.202, A5.203.1.1 through A5.203.1.2.1 Tier 1, and A5.211212 through A5.213, except for amendments specified in this chapter.

The following appendices are deleted: A4 and A6.1.

§ 18.21.030 Section 4.106 (Site Development) of the California Green Building Standards Code amended.

A. Sections 4.106.4 and 4.106.4.2 are is amended to read as follows:

4.106.4 Electric vehicle (EV) charging for new construction and major residential renovations.

New construction and major residential renovations shall comply with Section 4.106.4.1 or 4.106.4.2 to facilitate future installation and use of EV chargers. Electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) shall be installed in accordance with the California Electrical Code, Article 625. Notwithstanding these requirements, the following exceptions apply:

1. On a case-by-case basis, where the local enforcing agency has determined EV charging and infrastructure are not feasible based upon one or more of the following conditions:

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1.1. Where there is no local utility power supply or the local utility is unable to supply adequate power.

2. Accessory Dwelling Units (ADU) and Junior Accessory Dwelling Units (JADU) without additional parking facilities.

5. Where alternative and innovative parking systems will be installed as determined by the building official.

4.106.4.2 New multifamily dwellings, major residential renovations to existing multifamily dwellings, hotels and motels, and new residential parking facilities.

4.106.4.2.9.14.2.3 EV space requirements.

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2. Multiple EV spaces required. Construction documents shall indicate the raceway termination point and the location of EVSE installed spaces, EV ready spaces, EV capable spaces or receptacles, or EV chargers. Construction documents shall also provide information on amperage of installed or future receptacles or EVSE raceway method(s), wiring schematics, and electrical load calculations. Plan design shall be based upon a 40 -ampere minimum branch circuit. Required raceways and related components that are planned to be installed underground, enclosed, inaccessible, or in concealed areas and spaces shall be installed at the time of original construction.

3. Exception. Notwithstanding subsection (2), a raceway is not required if a minimum 40-ampere 208/240-volt dedicated EV branch circuit is installed in close proximity to the location or the proposed location of the EV space at the time of original construction in accordance with the California Electrical Code.

4.106.4.2.9.24.2.4 Identification.

§ 18.21.040 Section 5.106 (Planning and Design) of the California Green Building Standards Code amended.

Table 5.106.5.3.1 is amended to read as follows:

TABLE 5.106.5.3.1 EV CABALE SPACES AND EVCS
Total Number of
Actual Parking
Spaces
Number of
Required EV
Capable Spaces
Other than Office
and Retail Number
of Required EVCS
(EVSE Installed
Space With EV
Charger) 2, 3
Office and Retail
Number of
Required EVCS2, 3
01-9 1 1 0
10-25 4 12 3
26-50 8 24 6
51-75 13 36 8
76-100 17 58 13
101-150 25 612 19
151-200 35 918 26
201 and over 20 percent of total1 2550 percent of EV
capable spaces1
75 percent of EV
capable spaces1

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Notes:

1. Calculation for spaces shall be rounded up to the nearest whole number.

2. Each EVCS shall reduce the number of required EV capable spaces by the same number. The number of required EVCS (EV capable spaces provided with EVSE) in column 3 count toward the total number of required EV capable spaces shown in column 2.

3. At least one Level 2 EVSE shall be provided.

§ 18.21.050 Appendix A5 (Nonresidential Voluntary Measures) of the California Green Building Standards Code amended.

A. A ppendix A5, Sections A5.201, A5.202, A5.203.1.1 through A5.203.1.2.1 Tier 1, and A5. 211212 through A5.213 are adopted and amended herein and are mandatory requirements for the construction of nonresidential buildings and structures, multi -family buildings and structures, hotels/motels, and alterations thereto having a building permit valuation of at least $200,000.00 or additions of at least 1,000 square feet.

B. S
ection A5.203.1.1.2 of the California Green Building Standards Code is amended to read as follows:

A5.203.1.1.2 Service water heating in restaurants.

Newly constructed restaurants shall comply with California Energy Code Section 140.5.

C. Section A5.211 of the California Green Building Standards Code is amendedadded to read as follows:

5.211.1 On-site renewable energy.

Use on-site renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal, low-impact hydro, biomass and bio-gas for at least 1 percent of the electric power calculated as the product of the building service voltage and the amperage specified by the electrical service overcurrent protection device rating or 1 kW, (whichever is greater), in addition to the electrical demand required to meet 1 percent of the natural gas and propane use. The building project's electrical service overcurrent protection device rating sha ll be calculated in accordance with the California Electrical Code. Natural gas or propane use is calculated in accordance with the California Plumbing Code.

A5.211.1.1 Documentation.

Using a calculation method approved by the California Energy Commission, calculate the renewable on -site energy system to meet the requirements of Nov. 4, 2025
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Section A5.211.1, expressed in kW. Factor in net -metering, if offered by local utility, on an annual basis.

A5.211.3 Green power.

If offered by local utility provider, participate in a renewable energy portfolio program that provides a minimum of 50 percent electrical power from renewable sources. Maintain documentation through utility billings.

Exception to A5.211.1, A5.211.1.1 and A5.211.3: All new nonresidential, high-ris e
residential, and hotel/motel buildings, and alterations thereto having a building permit valuation of at least $1,000,000 and affecting at least 75 percent of existing floor area, or alterations that increase roof size by at least 2,000 square feet, shall instead comply with California Energy Code Section 141.2140.10.

Chapter 18.30 CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE
§ 18.30.010 Adoption and scope.

A. The 20222025 California Energy Code , California Code of Regulations , Title 24, a portion of the California Building Standards Code , is adopted in its entirety and incorporated by this reference as the energy code except for amendments in this chapter. The following appendices of the energy code are adopted: Appendix 1-A (Standards and Documents Referenced). The following appendices are deleted:

Appendix 1-B.

Administrative provisions relating to duties and powers of the authority having jurisdiction, permits, fees, certificates of occupancy, service utilities, stop work orders, violations, penalties, and appeals are specified in Sections 103 through 105, and 107 through 116 of the California Building Code, Part 2, Volume 1, Chapter 1-Division II, as amended and adopted by the city.

§ 18.

30.060 Section 150.2 (Single -Family Residential Buildings —Additions and Alterations to Existing Residential Buildings) of the California Energy Code addedamended.

Section 150.2(d) is added to read as follows:
150.2(d) Additions and alterations—energy efficiency required.

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All additions and alterations of residential buildings with a building permit valuation of $60,000 or higher shall include one of the following energy efficiency measures:

A. Additions and alterations of single -family residential buildings built before 1978 shall include one of the following:

1. Duct sealing pursuant to the 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(b)1E without verification by a Home Energy Rating System (HERS) rater. All exceptions as stated in the 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(b)1E are allowed. Projects that require duct sealing as part of an HVAC alteration or replacement must meet all of the requirements of the 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 6, including HERS rater verification.

2. A ttic insulation with a minimum of R -38 rating. Buildings without vented attic spaces and buildings with existing attic insulation levels greater than R -5 are exempt from this attic insulation energy efficiency measure.

3. C ool roof with an aged solar reflectance of greater than or equal to 0.25 and a thermal emittance of greater than or equal to 0.75. All exceptions as stated in the 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(b)1Ii for steep slope roofs and 150.2(b)1Iii for low slope roofs are allowed. Only areas of roof that are to be re-roofed are subject to the cool roof upgrade. Projects that are not installing a new roof as part of the scope are exempt from this cool roof energy efficiency measure.

B. A
dditions and alterations of single -family residential buildings built in 1978 or after shall include one of the following:

1. A lighting package consisting of:
a. Replacement of all interior and exterior screw-in (A-base) incandescent and halogen lamps with screw-in LED lamps; and
b. I nstallation of manual- on automatic-off vacancy sensors that meet the 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 110.9(b)4 in all bathrooms, bedrooms, offices, laundry rooms, utility rooms, and garages. Spaces which already include vacancy sensors, motions sensors, or dimmers do not need to install new sensors as required by the 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 110.9(b)4.

2. A water heating package consisting of:

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a. Addition of exterior insulation meeting a minimum of R -6 to storage water heaters 20 gallons or larger in size, except if insulation installation would void the water heater warranty; and
b. Insulation of all accessible hot water pipes with pipe insulation a minimum of 0.75 inches in thickness. This includes insulating the supply pipe leaving the water heater, piping to faucets underneath sinks, and accessible pipes in attic spaces and crawlspaces; and c. Upgrading of fitting in sinks and showers to meet current CALGreen (Title 24, Part 11 of the California Building Code) standards, except for fixtures with rated flow rates no more than 10 percent greater than current CALGreen standards.

D. Additions and alterations of multi-family residential buildings built between 1978 and 1991 shall include one of the following:

1. Duct sealing pursuant to the 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(b)1E without verification by a HERS rater. All exceptions as stated in the 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(b)1E are allowed. Projects that require duct sealing as part of an HVAC alteration or replacement must meet all of the requirements of the 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 6, including HERS rater verification.

2. A ttic insulation with a minimum of R -38 rating. Buildings without vented attic spaces and buildings with existing attic insulation levels greater than R-5 are exempt from this attic insulation energy efficiency measure.

3. C
ool roof with an aged solar reflectance of greater than or equal to 0.25 and a thermal emittance of greater than or equal to 0.75. All exceptions as stated in the 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(b)1Ii for steep slope roofs and Section 150.2(b)1Iii for low slope roofs are allowed. Only areas of roof that are to be re -roofed are subject to the cool roof upgrade. Projects that are not installing a new roof as part of the scope are exempt from this cool roof energy efficiency measure.

E. A
dditions and alterations of multi -family residential buildings built after 1991 shall include one of the following:

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1. A lighting package consisting of:
a. Replacement of all interior and exterior screw -in (A- base) incandescent and halogen lamps with screw-in LED lamps; and b. I nstallation of manual- on automatic-off vacancy sensors that meet the 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 110.9(b)4 in all bathrooms, bedrooms, offices, laundry rooms, utility rooms, and garages. Spaces which already include vacancy sensors, motions sensors, or dimmers do not need to install new sensors as req uired by the 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 110.9(b)4.

2. A water heating package consisting of:
a. Addition of exterior insulation meeting a minimum of R -6 to storage water heaters 20 gallons are larger in size, except for buildings with central water heating systems or if insulation installation would void the water heater warranty; and
b. Insulation of all accessible hot water pipes with pipe insulation a minimum of 0.75 inches in thickness. This includes insulating the supply pipe leaving the water heater, piping to faucets underneath sinks, and accessible pipes in attic spaces and crawlspaces; and c. Upgrading of fittings in sinks and showers to meet current CALGreen standards, except for fixtures with rated flow rates no more than ten percent
Note: To the extent the provisions of 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(d) conflict with other provisions of the California Energy Code, then the most energy conserving provisions shall supersede and control.

Exception to 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 150.2(d): The requirement for inclusion of energy efficiency measures does not apply to residential buildings that receive a rating of seven or higher on the U.S. Department of Energy's Home Energy Score rating system based upon an assessment by a Home Energy Score Certified Assessor, to the satisfaction of the building official.

18.30.070 Section 180.5 (Multifamily Residential Buildings—Additions, Alterations and Repair to Existing Multifamily Buildings) of the California Energy Code added.

Section 180.5 is added to read as follows:
180.5 Additions, alterations and repairs – residential photovoltaic system required.

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All additions, alterations and repairs multifamily residential buildings and structures with a permit valuation of $1,000,000 that affects at least 75 percent of the gross floor area shall comply with the requirements of 20222025 California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Section 141.2 for the requirements applicable to the building and structures of this code.

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Exhibit 3
Assembly Bill (AB) 130
State and Local Building Code Updates

On June 30, 2025, Governor Gavin Newsom signed two budget trailer bills — Assembly Bill (AB) 130 and Senate Bill (SB) 131, enacting some of the most significant reforms to land use and housing law. AB 130 also introduced substantial amendments to the California Building Standards Code, particularly regarding the adoption and modification of building standards. Key provisions include a freeze on state and local building code updates for nearly six years, with certain exceptions, providing stability for developers. Local cities and counties are also prohibited from amending their building codes during this period, unless a specific condition is met, such as a health and safety emergency, providing much-needed certainty and relief on housing costs. The freeze is part of broader reforms aimed at streamlining housing development and addressing the ongoing challenges in California's housing market.

Prior to AB 130, a city or county could make changes to the California Building Standards Code or adopt more restrictive standards, including green building standards, if the city or county made an express finding that the change or additional restriction was reasonably necessary due to local climatic, geological or topographical conditions. However, AB 130 prohibits a city or county from making changes or adopting more restrictions unless at least one of the following conditions exists:

• The change is substantially equivalent to a change previously filed by the city/county and was in effect as of Sept. 30, 2025;
• The Commission deems the change necessary as an emergency standard to protect health and safety;
• The change relates to home hardening;
• The building standard relates to home hardening and is proposed for adoption by a fire protection district;
• The change is necessary to implement a local code amendment that is adopted to align with a general plan approved on or before June 10, 2025, and that permits mixed-fuel (i.e., electric and natural gas, etc.) residential construction consistent with federal law while also incentivizing all-electric construction as part of an adopted greenhouse gas emissions reduction strategy; or
• Where the change is a modification rather than an additional restriction, the change is related to administrative practices, is proposed for adoption during the time between Building Code updates, and exclusively results in any of the following:
• Reductions in time for a local agency to issue a post-entitlement permit; • Alterations to a local agency’s post-entitlement fee schedule; • Modernization of, or adoption of, new permitting platforms and software utilized by the local agency;
• Reductions in cost of internal operation for a local agency; or • Establishment, alteration or removal of local programs related to enforcement of building code violations or complaints alleging building code violations.

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If the change satisfies one or more of these conditions, the governing body of a city or county must make express findings that such change is reasonably necessary because of local climatic, geological or topographical conditions, and submit such findings with the proposed change to the Commission. The Commission must reject a change that does not satisfy one of these conditions.

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Exhibit 4
Summary of State Model Code Changes

Every three years, the State of California updates its building standards, which is published by the California Building Standards Commission as part of the California Building Standards Code (itself, known as Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations). This exhibit contains information regarding substantive changes of interest that the California Building Standards Commission published in the 2025 code edition, which will be effective Jan 1, 2026.

All Electric Push: The 2026 code requires smart technology for safety and energy management.

Gas isn’t banned outright, but the new efficiency standards make a strong push to all-electric appliances and heat pumps. This encourages electric-ready buildings to set up owners to use cleaner electric water heating and cooking when they are ready to invest in those technologies.

New Commercial Solar Capacity and Storage: Photovoltaic and battery energy storage system standards have been updated for high-rise multifamily and nonresidential buildings. Any new commercial building that requires solar photovoltaic systems will also need to include battery storage.

Ventilation and Exhaust: The 2026 code introduces a new formula for the calculation of minimum ventilation rates to strengthen ventilation standards and improve air quality.

Multifamily buildings must meet enhanced indoor air quality standards, with better ventilation systems aimed at creating healthier living environments.

Addressing Wildfire Risk: California’s wildfire crisis has created a new Wildland Urban Interface code. This replaces the old CBC Chapter 7A and CFC Chapter 49. The new WUI code brings all existing codes, regulations, and standards into a single document and improves fire safety measures. Projects in the high and very high fire hazard severity zones will see the biggest impact.

Adapting to Modern Hazards: A major focus is enhancing life safety in response to new technologies such as facilities storing lithium-ion batteries. The occupancy classification is changed to moderate or high-hazard occupancy types, triggering new automatic sprinkler requirements.

Addressing Seismic Risk: The 2026 code adjusted ground motion values, especially in high seismic regions, to increase force design in new buildings. This means more precise soil analysis will be required for every project. Foundation design and structural requirements may change based on site conditions.

Bicycle Parking: Previously voluntary measures for bicycle parking are now mandatory for newly constructed multifamily buildings, hotels, and motels. The updated standards include long-term bicycle parking requirements (enclosures) based on the number of “tenant- occupants” instead of the number of vehicle parking spaces.

ADA and Accessibility: The state also updated its accessibility rules, adding more detail and closing gaps in how alterations and new builds must comply.

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BUILDING CODE UPDATE
Mike Strong, Asst. Dir. of Community Development
Community Development
Nov. 4, 2025
MCA 2025-0001
1 BUILDING CODE
 State Model Codes are released every three years.
 State Model Codes are in 13 parts (building, residential, mechanical, plumbing, etc.).
 State law allows local amendments.
 State model codes apply to all cities and counties in CA. 2 STATE MODEL CODES

BUILDING CODE
 Adopt State Model Codes by reference with local
amendments
 Local amendments are carried forward from 2022
adoption. Local amendments continue existing
policies and are minor in nature.
 Proposed amendments are shown in tracked
changes
3 DETAILS OF THE REQUEST

BUILDING CODE
 AB130 – freezes amendments to standards, unless
certain exceptions apply.
 Local amendments to standards require the
adoption findings
 Based on climatic, geologic, or topographical
conditions
 Local amendments to administrative procedures do
not require findings
4 FINDINGS

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5 5

SUMMARY OF STATE CHANGES TO

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 Push to all-electric appliances and heat pumps.
 New commercial solar capacity and storage requirements.  Updated ADA requirements.
 New requirements for addressing seismic risk.
 New bicycle parking.
 New EV parking requirements for commercial.
 Introduce the ordinance.
 Hold a public hearing on Dec. 2, 2025.
 Adopt the ordinance and findings.
 File amendment packages to the state.
 Trainings and implementation.
 EFFECTIVE DATE IS JAN. 1, 2026.

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6 RECOMMENDATION

AND NEXT STEPS

Carlsbad City CouncilNovember 4, 2025

Carlsbad City Council
November 4, 2025