Riverside County Transportation Commission
ZEB Implementation & Rollout Plan Project
1 Zero-Emission Transition Financial Analysis:
City of Corona Transit Service
About CTE
WHO WE ARE
501(c)(3) nonprofit engineering and planning firm
OUR MISSION
Improve the health of our climate and communities by bringing people together to develop and commercialize clean, efficient, and sustainable transportation technologies
PORTFOLIO
$900 million
• Research, demonstration, deployment
• 100 Active Projects totaling over $400 million
OUR FOCUS
Zero-Emission Transportation Technologies
NATIONAL PRESENCE
Atlanta, Berkeley, Los Angeles, St. Paul
Introduction
Today’s Objective is to review the financial projections for ZEB technology transition scenarios including:
• Fleet Procurements and Capital Cost
• Fuel Costs
• Maintenance Costs
• Preliminary Infrastructure Projects & Costs
• Total Cost of Ownership
Zero Emission Buses —What’s
Different?
• Propulsion System
– Traction Motor
instead of engine
• Energy Storage
System
– Battery instead of
fuel tank
– Hydrogen storage
tanks
• HVAC
– No “free” heat
– Electric heater
• Time to “Re-fuel”
– FCEB: 10
minutes
– BEB: ~3 hours
Fleet Capital Cost
Assessment
5 CARB Innovative Clean Transit
Regulation
• 100% ZEB Fleet by 2040 is not a mandate, but a goal
• There is only a purchasing rule:
6 Starting January 1 ZEB Percentage of
Total New Bus
Purchases
2026 25%
2027 25%
2028 25%
2029 100%
• Small CA Transit Agencies (<100 buses) are required to submit a board-approved ZEB Rollout Plan by July 1, 2023.
• CCTS has 0 ZEB bonus credits.
Service Assessment & Feasibility
Assumptions
• For fixed-route service, all large 32ft truck-style cutaways are modeled as 35ft generic BEBs.
– These vehicles are most analogous to one another based on passenger loading and on-board energy.
– On-route charging is required to maintain fixed-route service in 2028 with the first BEB procurement in the BEB scenario. • All demand response service is performed by 25-26ft cutaways that will require midday or opportunity-charging at the depot. – Electrified cutaway service implies required schedule modifications.
– On-route charging (pantograph or inductive) has not yet been demonstrated for this size vehicle.
January 25, 2023 7
Fleet Assessment Overview &
Assumptions
• Procurements cycles are based on the FTA minimum service life terms of the vehicle types.
– 25-26ft cutaways are replaced on a 5 year cycle per the service life of van style cutaways.
– 32ft truck-style cutaway are replaced on a 12 year cycle per 35ft bus service life minimum rules. • Vehicles prices for legacy fueled vehicles are based on agency reporting and ZEV pricing is based on the 2022 CA State Contract
– A 7.75% sales tax is included in the capital price of the vehicle. – An PPI inflation rate of 2% is applied year over year for the whole transition period. • CCTS begins zero-emission vehicle purchases as required by the ICT procurement schedule. – 25% of total annual procurement number must be ZEV, if 25% of the total is less than .5, no ZEVs must be purchased. The first ZEB purchase is required in 2028. 8 Bus Procurement Timeline & Annual Costs
Baseline
9 13 13 13 13
7 7
$2.3M
$5.2M
$2.6M
$2.8M
$3.1M
$6.6M
$0
$2
$4
$6
$8
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Annual Bus Capital Cost
Millions
Year
CCTS Baseline Fleet Procurement Cost
CNG Bus
CNG Cutaway
Fleet Composition
Baseline
10 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 0 5
10 15
20 2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Year
CCTS Baseline Fleet Composition
CNG Cutaway
CNG Bus
Bus Procurement Timeline & Annual Costs
BEB
11 , , , , , ,
5 , , , , , , , , , , , ,
13 13 13
13 2 7
$2.3M
$5.9M
$4.4M
$4.9M
$5.4M
$9.8M
$0
$2
$4
$6
$8
$10
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Annual Bus Capital Cost
Millions
Year
CCTS Battery-Electric Fleet Procurement Cost
Battery-Electric Bus
Battery-Electric Cutaway
CNG Cutaway
CNG Bus
Fleet Composition
BEB
12 7 7 7 7 7 7
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
13 13 13 13 13 13
13 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
7 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13
0 5
10 15
20 2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Year
CCTS Battery-Electric Fleet Composition
Battery-Electric Cutaway
Battery-Electric Bus
CNG Cutaway
CNG Bus
Bus Procurement Timeline & Annual Costs
Mixed Fleet
13 13
5 13 13 13
2 7
$2.3M
$6.7M
$4.4M
$4.9M
$5.4M
$13.1M
$0
$2
$4
$6
$8
$10
$12
$14
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Annual Bus Capital Cost
Millions
Year
CCTS Mixed Fleet Procurement Cost
Fuel Cell Electric Bus
Battery-Electric Cutaway
CNG Bus
CNG Cutaway
Fleet Composition
Mixed Fleet
14 7 7 7 7 7 7
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
13 13 13 13 13 13
13 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
7 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13
0 5
10 15
20 2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Year
CCTS Mixed Fleet Composition
Battery-Electric Cutaway
Fuel Cell Electric Bus
CNG Cutaway
CNG Bus
Bus Procurement Timeline & Annual Costs
FCEB
15 13
5 13 13 13
2 7
$2.3M
$6.7M
$5.5M
$6.1M
$6.8M
$13.1M
$-
$2
$4
$6
$8
$10
$12
$14
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Annual Bus Capital Cost
Millions
CCTS Fuel Cell Fleet Procurement Cost
Fuel Cell Electric Bus
Fuel Cell Electric Cutaway
CNG Bus
CNG Cutaway
Fleet Composition
FCEB
16 7 7 7 7 7 7
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
13 13 13 13 13 13
13 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
7 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13
0 5
10 15
20 2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Year
CCTS Fuel Cell Fleet Composition
Fuel Cell Electric Cutaway
Fuel Cell Electric Bus
CNG Cutaway
CNG Bus
Comparative Fleet Capital Costs
Entire Transition Period, All Scenarios
17 $22.7M
$32.8M
$36.8M
$40.5M
$-
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
Baseline Battery-Electric Only Mixed Fleet Fuel Cell Only Cumulative Cost
Millions
CCTS Fleet Capital Cost Comparison
CNG Electric Hydrogen
Fuel Cost Analysis
18 Fuel Cost Assumptions
19 Fuel Type Cost per unit Avg. Cost per Mile
for uniform propulsion fleet for 18-
year period
Notes
CNG $1.81/GGE • $0.36/mile • Average of agency-reported fuel prices across the entire fleet
H2 $8.68/kg • $0.69/mile
• Average of 2022 prices for CA
hydrogen fuel for transit end-users
contractual agreements. Price
contains station O&M costs.
Electricity
SCE TOUEV-9 rate
structure
• $0.42/mile • See next slide
• Assumes no change to annual fleet vehicle miles traveled. • All costs are based on 2021 dollars, with EIA inflation for transportation fuels projected through 2040.
Assumptions for Electricity Costs
• Electricity costs based on SCE’s TOU-EV-9
– 50% of the agency’s DAR requirements can be satisfied with overnight depot charging, and 50% can be satisfied with opportunity depot charging – 56% of the agency’s fixed route requirements can be satisfied with overnight depot charging, and 44% can be satisfied with on-route opportunity charging 20 *Commencing March 1, 2019, no Demand Charge shall apply to Customers receiving (T) service under this Schedule. **Phase-In of Demand Charge shall occur as determined and authorized by the (T) Commission in SCE’s next GRC Phase 2 application or any Commission proceeding | related to transportation electrification.
TOU Rates
Summer
($/kWh)
(4m)
Winter
($/kWh)
(8m)
Annual
On-Peak $0.47 $0.47
Mid-Peak $0.29 $0.33 $0.32
Off-Peak $0.17 $0.18 $0.18
Super-Off $0.11 $0.11
Fixed Recovery Charge
$/Meter/Month
Electric
Utility
Rates - SCE
TOU-EV-9
$ 0.00066
$ 368.25
Annual Fuel Consumption
Baseline
21 0
10 20
30 40
50 60
70 80
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Fuel Consumed (GGE)
Thousands
Year
CCTS Annual Fuel Use by Fuel Type (GGE)
CNG
Annual Fuel Consumption Costs
Baseline
22 $132K
$126K
$121K $117K $115K $113K $112K $110K $109K
$115K $113K $113K $112K $110K $109K $108K $108K $107K $106K $0
$50
$100
$150
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Annual Fuel Costs (Thousands)
Year
CCTS Baseline Fuel Costs
CNG
Total
The average fuel cost per mile for all fuels utilized in the course of the transition period for this scenario is $0.36/mile.
Annual Fuel Consumption
BEB
23 0
10 20
30 40
50 60
70 80
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Fuel Consumed (GGE)
Thousands
Year
CCTS Battery-Electric Annual Fuel Use by Fuel Type (GGE) Depot Charge
Opportunity Charge
CNG
Annual Fuel Consumption Costs
BEB
24 The average fuel cost per mile for all fuels utilized in the course of the transition period for this scenario is $0.41/mile.
$132
$126 $121 $117 $115 $113
$121
$137 $136 $139 $138 $138 $138 $136 $135 $134 $133 $132
$140
$0
$50
$100
$150
$200
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Annual Fuel Costs (Thousands)
Year
CCTS Battery-Electric Fuel Costs
Depot Charge
Opportunity Charge
CNG
Total
Annual Fuel Consumption
Mixed Fleet
25 0
10 20
30 40
50 60
70 80
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Fuel Consumed (GGE)
Thousands
Year
CCTS Mixed Fleet Annual Fuel Use by Fuel Type (GGE)
Fuel Cell
Depot Charge
Opportunity Charge
CNG
Annual Fuel Consumption Costs
Mixed Fleet
26 The average fuel cost per mile for all fuels utilized in the course of the transition period for this scenario is $0.46/mile.
$132 $126 $121 $117 $115 $113
$138
$158 $156 $162 $161 $161 $160 $158 $156 $155 $154 $153
$213
$0
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Annual Fuel Costs (Thousands)
Year
CCTS Mixed Fleet Fuel Costs
Fuel Cell
CNG
Depot Charge
Opportunity Charge
Total
Annual Fuel Consumption
FCEB
27 0
10 20
30 40
50 60
70 80
20212022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Fuel Consumed (GGE)
Thousands
Year
CCTS Fuel Cell Annual Fuel Use by Fuel Type (GGE)
Fuel Cell
CNG
Annual Fuel Consumption Costs
FCEB
28 The average fuel cost per mile for all fuels utilized in the course of the transition period for this scenario is $0.52/mile.
$132 $126 $121 $117 $115 $113
$138
$186 $183
$193 $191 $191 $188 $186 $184 $182 $181 $180
$240
$0
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Annual Fuel Costs (Thousands)
Year
CCTS Fuel Cell Fuel Costs
Fuel Cell
CNG
Total
Comparative Annual Fuel Costs
For Transitioned Fleet 2040, All Scenarios – Single Year of Operations 29 $108 K
$140 K
$213 K
$240 K
$-
$100
$200
$300
Baseline Battery-Electric Only Mixed Fleet Fuel Cell Electric Only Annual Cost
Thousands
CCTS Annual Fuel Costs Comparison
CNG Overnight Charging Opportunity Charging Hydrogen
Maintenance Cost
Analysis
30 Maintenance Cost Assumptions
Annual Vehicle Parts & Labor
• Basic calculation framework is established by NREL reports of per-mile costs for standard buses.
• Calculation items based on mileage-weighted averages from the NREL study data, adjusted to year 2021 dollars. • Applied a common service life and curb weight for each operator for each class of vehicle.
• This maintenance assessment includes only vehicle maintenance costs for the transition.
• Hydrogen and CNG infrastructure maintenance is included in the fuel price in the fuel assessment.
• Charger maintenance is included in the infrastructure assessment. • Many other operational and administrative costs are not included. • Inflation is applied to the costs per mile at 3% per year per the CPI Index.
Maintenance Costs Composition
January 25, 2023 32
NREL Category and ATA VMRS Items CNG Cost
per Mile
BEB Cost
per Mile
Exhaust System Repairs (43) $0.00706 $0.00000
Fuel System Repairs (44) $0.01909 $0.00000
Power Plant Repairs (45) $0.04035 $0.00694
Electric Propulsion Repairs (46) $0.00000 $0.03376
Air Intake System Repairs (41) $0.00507 $0.00013
Cooling System Repairs (42) $0.02025 $0.01631
Hydraulic System Repairs (65) $0.00017 $0.00000
General Air System Repairs (10) $0.00658 $0.00472
Transmission Repairs (27) $0.00532 $0.01045
HVAC System Repairs (01) $0.01559 $0.01495
Axle, Wheel, and Driveshaft Repairs (11, 18,
22, 24) $0.00964 $0.01157
Electrical System Repairs (30, 31, 32, 33) $0.04318 $0.04318 Lighting System Repairs (34) $0.00692 $0.00692
Tire Repairs (17) $0.02918 $0.02918
NREL Category (with ATA VMRS codes)
Adjusted Model
Formulation
Brake System Repairs (13)
CNGs at $0.0014 per curb
weight ton-mile (CWTM).
BEBs were assumed to be
45% of CNGs based on ICT
Appendix G
Preventive Maintenance Inspections (101)
$1425/$1500 per vehicle
(cutaway/standard) plus
$0.000072 per CWTM
Car, Body, and Accessory Systems Repairs (02,
50, 71)
Replaced by a new
'Combined Mechanical'
category
Frame, Steering, and Suspension Repairs (14,
15, 16)
Replaced by a new
'Combined Mechanical'
category
Combined Mechanical (02, 11, 18, 22, 24, 50,
71) $0.0072 per CWTM
Maintenance Cost Assumptions
Annual Vehicle Maintenance Parts & Labor
January 25, 2023 33
Legacy Vehicle Type Maintenance Cost
(Per Mile)
Gas Cutaway $ 0.35
CNG Cutaway $ 0.35
30’/35’/40’ CNG Bus $ 0.38
Zero-Emission Vehicle Type Maintenance Cost (Per Mile)
Battery Electric Cutaway $ 0.32
30’/35’/40’ Battery Electric Bus $ 0.34
Fuel Cell Electric Cutaway $ 0.51
30’/35’/40’ Fuel Cell Electric Bus $ 0.56
Maintenance Cost Assumptions
Capital Expenditure in Maintenance Parts & Labor
January 25, 2023 34
Vehicle Type Overhaul
(FC/Transmission) Cost
Per vehicle life
Battery Warranty Cost
Per vehicle life
CNG Cutaway $0 $0
30’/35’/40’ CNG Bus $30,000 $0
Battery Electric Cutaway $0 $24,000
30’/35’ 40’ Battery Electric Bus $0 $75,000
30’/35’/40’ Fuel Cell Electric Bus $40,000 $17,000
Fuel Cell Electric Cutaway $0 $10,000
Annual Maintenance Costs
Baseline
35 Capital expenditure for vehicle battery warranties and fuel cell & CNG overhauls for the course of the transition is approx. $420K and covers the cost of this maintenance practice for 66 vehicles. $0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
$160
$180
$200
$220
$240
$260
$280
$300
$320
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Annual Bus Maintenance Cost
Thousands
Year
CCTS Baseline Fleet Maintenance Cost
CNGCutaway
CNG35'
Annual Maintenance Costs
BEB
36 Capital expenditure for vehicle battery warranties and fuel cell (if applicable) & CNG overhauls for the course of the transition is approx. $1.8M and covers the cost of this maintenance practice for 66 vehicles. $0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
$160
$180
$200
$220
$240
$260
$280
$300
$320
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Annual Bus Maintenance Cost
Thousands
Year
CCTS Battery Electric Fleet Maintenance Cost
Battery-Electric Cutaway
Battery-Electric Bus
CNGCutaway
CNG35'
Annual Maintenance Costs
Mixed Fleet
37 Capital expenditure for vehicle battery warranties and fuel cell (if applicable) & CNG overhauls for the course of the transition is approx. $1.6M and covers the cost of this maintenance practice for 66 vehicles. $0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
$160
$180
$200
$220
$240
$260
$280
$300
$320
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Annual Bus Capital Cost
Thousands
Year
CCTS Mixed Fleet Procurement Cost
FCEB
Battery-Electric Cutaway
CNGCutaway
CNG35'
Annual Maintenance Costs
FCEB
38 Capital expenditure for vehicle battery warranties and fuel cell (if applicable) & CNG overhauls for the course of the transition is approx. $1.1M and covers the cost of this maintenance practice for 66 vehicles. $0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
$160
$180
$200
$220
$240
$260
$280
$300
$320
2022202320242025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037203820392040 Annual Bus Maintenance Cost
Thousands
Year
CCTS Fuel Cell Electric Fleet Maintenance Cost
Fuel Cell Electric Cutaway
Fuel Cell Electric Bus
Electric
CNGCutaway
CNG35'
Comparative Maintenance Costs
Entire Transition Period, All Scenarios
39 $3.3 M
$4.6 M $4.6 M $4.6 M
$-
$1.0
$2.0
$3.0
$4.0
$5.0
Baseline Battery-Electric Only Mixed Fleet Fuel Cell Only Cumulative Cost
Millions
CCTS Fleet Maintenance Cost Comparison
CNG Electric Hydrogen Cap. & Warranties
Preliminary Facilities
Cost Analysis
40 Facilities Concept Assumptions
● No land acquisition costs are included in the project costs. ● Infrastructure for baseline is not included since it is a continuation of today’s operations. ● Assume 100% of buses will operate, so every bus has a dispenser. ● Assumes 2 dispensers per 150 kW charger and a 2 bus to 1 charger ratio ● Only one transit bus can charge at a time.
● Two cutaways can charge simultaneously at one charger, each charging at 75kW. ● Depot & Station MW capacity is assumed to start at 0. ● On-Route chargers assume each charger can serve 4 buses per hour to allow for each bus to have 15 minutes on the charger in any given hour.
● Each on-route charger has just one dispenser (assumed to be pantograph- usable only by transit buses).
● Costs are applied in the year prior to non-ZEBs are replaced with ZEBs requiring the infrastructure to represent the actual year of expenditure for the RCTC implementation plan. 41 Facilities Cost Assumptions
● Construction projects are inflated 5.4% per year per Caltrans Construction Index (CCI). ● Hydrogen fueling projects are determined based on annual consumptions and known fueling technologies. All operators fueling solutions are decided based on fuel consumption need and approximately right-sized.
● Hydrogen infrastructure maintenance and operations is covered in the price of fuel in the fuel assessment.
● Charger maintenance is included as a $3,000/per charger per year inflated at 3% per year. ● Infrastructure project pricing is determined through averages of recent CTE deployment projects as well as transit client procurement and industry product insights (proprietary). ● IBI Group will explore site assessments and infrastructure recommendations for each operator’s selected transition scenario further in tasks 4.3 & 4.4.
42 Annual Infrastructure Timeline & Costs
BEB
43 $0.25 M
$3.75 M
$0.04 M $0.06 M
2 15
20 5
10 15
20 25
$0.0
$1.0
$2.0
$3.0
$4.0
$5.0
$6.0
$7.0
$8.0
$9.0
$10.0
2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 Cumulative Number of FCEBs and BEBs in Fleet
Annual Infrastructure Cost (with Inflation)
Millions
Year
CCTS BEB Infrastructure Costs
Total Depot Infrastructure Costs Number of Battery Electric Cutaways Master
Planning
Charging
Infrastructure:
10 Depot Chargers
+ Dispensers
+ 1 On-Route
Charger
+ 2MW Power
Upgrade
Charger Maintenance Costs Inflated YOY
Annual Infrastructure Timeline & Costs
Shared Hydrogen Infrastructure Serving Mixed Fleet
44 Annual Infrastructure Timeline & Costs
Independent Hydrogen Infrastructure Serving Mixed Fleet 45 $0.25 M
$9.76 M
$1.9 M
$0.03 M $0.04 M
2 7
13 2
4 6
8 10
12 14
$0.0
$1.0
$2.0
$3.0
$4.0
$5.0
$6.0
$7.0
$8.0
$9.0
$10.0
2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 Cumulative Number of FCEBs and BEBs in Fleet
Annual Infrastructure Cost (with Inflation)
Millions
Year
CCTS BEB and FCEB Infrastructure Costs
Total Hydrogen Infrastructure Costs Total Depot Infrastructure Costs Number of Fuel Cell Vehicles Number of Battery Electric Vehicles Master
Planning
Independent
Hydrogen
Station
Charging Infrastructure: 7
Chargers + Dispensers +
2MW Power Upgrade
Charger Maintenance Costs Inflated YOY
Annual Infrastructure Timeline & Costs
Shared Hydrogen Infrastructure Serving Fuel Cell Fleet
46 $0.2 M
$6.3 M 15
20 5
10 15
20 25
$0.0
$1.0
$2.0
$3.0
$4.0
$5.0
$6.0
$7.0
$8.0
$9.0
$10.0
2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 Cumulative Number of FCEBs and BEBs in Fleet
Annual Infrastructure Cost (with Inflation)
Millions
Year
CCTS BEB and FCEB Infrastructure Costs
Total Hydrogen Infrastructure Costs Total Depot Infrastructure Costs Number of Fuel Cell Buses Number of Battery Electric Cutaways Master
Planning
Shared
Hydrogen
Station
between
Corona and
Riverside
Annual Infrastructure Timeline & Costs
Independent Hydrogen Infrastructure Serving Fuel Cell Fleet 47 $0.2 M
$9.8 M
15 20
5 10
15 20
25 $0.0
$1.0
$2.0
$3.0
$4.0
$5.0
$6.0
$7.0
$8.0
$9.0
$10.0
2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 Cumulative Number of FCEBs and BEBs in Fleet
Annual Infrastructure Cost (with Inflation)
Millions
Year
CCTS BEB and FCEB Infrastructure Costs
Total Hydrogen Infrastructure Costs Total Depot Infrastructure Costs Number of Fuel Cell Buses Number of Battery Electric Cutaways Master
Planning
Independent
Hydrogen
Station
Comparative Infrastructure Costs
Entire Transition Period, All Scenarios
48 $4.62 M
$9.79 M
$13.24 M
$6.56 M
$10.00 M
$-
$1.0
$2.0
$3.0
$4.0
$5.0
$6.0
$7.0
$8.0
$9.0
$10.0
$11.0
$12.0
$13.0
$14.0
$15.0
Battery-Electric Only Mixed Fleet, Shared
Infrastructure
Mixed Fleet,
Independent
Infrastructure
Fuel Cell Fleet,
Shared Infrastructure
Fuel Cell Fleet,
Independent
Infrastructure
Cumulative Cost
Millions
CCTS Infrastructure Cost Comparison
Total Cost of
Ownership Analysis
49 Comparative Total Cost of Ownership
Entire Transition Period, All Scenarios – Cumulative Costs 50 $28.2M
$44.5M
$54.1M
$57.5M
$54.8M
$58.2M
$-
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
Baseline Battery-Electric Only Mixed Fleet, Shared
Infrastructure
Mixed Fleet,
Independent
Infrastructure
Fuel Cell Fleet, Shared
Infrastructure
Fuel Cell Fleet,
Independent
Infrastructure
Cumulative Cost
Millions
CCTS Total Cost of Ownership Comparison
Infrastructure Maintenance Fuel Fleet
Other Considerations
– These analyses are based on the Existing Conditions Report published in October 2022.
– Transition plans are living documents that are meant to be revisited as the market matures.
– There are operational costs and impacts that may increase the need for personnel such as ZE project managers, operations staff, trainings, grants managers, which are not included in this analysis.
– Scheduling changes are not included in this assessment. Operators can review operational modifications that may simplify their transitions to ZEV. – Prices used in the analysis are a snapshot of today’s market, while they are evidencebased predictions, the hydrogen market is nascent and will likely see large pricing drops with increased supply and commercialization.
Other Considerations Continued
– While shared infrastructure offers cost savings, there is potential for increased deadhead with shared infrastructure.
– EV Rate Schedules do have end dates projected, so electricity prices are likely to rise.
– Selecting a single technology can increase operational simplicity and cost savings.
– Selecting multiple technologies does make a fleet more resilient to griddown or fuel supply shortage scenarios.
Next Steps for ZEB Transition Planning
Project
– Study Session for Board Members – February 15
– Corona Staff Recommendations
– Council Meeting for Technology Selection – March 15
– ICT Rollout Plan Approval – June 7
– Implementation Plan with Selected Transition(s) for all operators – October 11