August 12, 2025
Development Impact Fee Comparison Survey
Methodology
Willdan collected one-time development impact fee schedules for fees charged under the Mitigation Fee Act for four comparison cities. These comparison jurisdictions are:
• American Canyon
• Petaluma
• Rohnert Park
• Santa Rosa
Willdan collected data regarding one-time fees and charges charged by the cities used to fund infrastructure and facilities related to new development. Impact fees are not standardized and are assessed by various units of development by different jurisdictions. To create a meaningful comparison of impact fees, Willdan calculated the fees for eight prototype projects. Table 1 presents the project prototype assumptions used in this analysis.
Table 1: Prototype Assumptions
Type
Dwelling
Units
Square
Feet
Lot Size
(Acres)
Water Meter
Size
Wastewater
Meter Size
Single Family Unit - Attached 1 1,000 0.10 3/4" 3/4"
2 Bedroom
Single Family Unit - Attached 1 1,500 0.12 3/4" 3/4"
3 Bedroom
Single Family Unit - Detached 1 2,000 0.13 3/4" 3/4"
3 Bedroom
Single Family Unit - Detached 1 2,500 0.15 3/4" 3/4"
4 Bedroom
Multifamily Prototype - Apartments
2 Bedroom 20 1,000 1.5" 1.5"
Total 20 20,000 0.50
Retail/Commercial - 2,000 0.15 1" 1"
Office - 2,000 0.15 1" 1"
Industrial - 10,000 0.50 1.5" 1.5"
August 12, 2025
Results
Tables 2 through 9 display the fee companions for each prototype, respectively. Some jurisdictions charge impact fees that vary by project location. In these cases, the tables show the range of potential impact fees.
August 12, 2025
Table 2: Single Family Unit Prototype - 1,000 Square Feet Cotati Maximum Justified Cotati (Current) American Petaluma Rohnert Park Santa Rosa Fee Category (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 4 (High)1,4 Canyon (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 2 (High)1, 2 (Low)3(High)3 Bed Tax $ 369 $ 369 $ 369 $ 369 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Public/Capital Facilities3 - - - - - 7,848 7,848 27,090 42,624 10,053 10,053 Climate Action2 - - - - - - - - 316 - -
General Government - - - - 533 - - - - - -
General Plan 210 210 - - - - - - - - -
Library - - - - 1,170 - - - - - -
Open Space - - - - - 557 557 - - - -
Parks and Recreation4 12,360 12,360 9,786 9,786 7,220 10,202 10,202 - - 14,890 17,314 Police - - - - 101 - - - - - -
Public Art In Lieu5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Specific Plan Fee - 787 - 787 - - 319 - - - -
Storm Drain - - - - - 225 225 - - - -
Traffic 4,030 4,030 8,415 8,415 6,843 19,908 19,908 - 9,063 - - Wastewater 4,910 4,910 19,003 19,003 12,729 10,229 10,229 - - 7,300 7,300 Water 4,030 4,030 10,617 10,617 23,266 4,981 4,981 1,991 9,160 5,061 7,207 Water Conservation 1,750 1,750 1,750 1,750 - - - - - - - Total $ 27,659 $ 28,446 $ 49,940 $ 50,727 $ 51,862 $ 53,950 $ 54,269 $ 29,081 $ 61,163 $ 37,304 $ 41,874 Affordable Housing - - - - 3,570 - - 15,434 15,434 3,040 10,130 Total - per Prototype $ 27,659 $ 28,446 $ 49,940 $ 50,727 $ 55,432 $ 53,950 $ 54,269 $ 44,515 $ 76,597 $ 40,344 $ 52,004 1 Specific plan fees vary by geographic area.
5 Public art fee assumes public art is provided onsite. 2 Rohnert Park public/capital facilities fee listed varies w ith location of project and funds fair share costs for expansion of sew er, w ater, and public facilities. Water capacity fee charged in addition to public facilities fee.
3 Santa Rosa capital facilities fee includes street w idening, traffic signals, freew ay interchanges, bike paths, and storm drains. Water fees increase during severe w ater shortage. 4 Cotati current Parks and Recreation fee calculated according to the follow ing formula: (DUs x Population/DU) x (5 acres/1000 population) x (Fair Market Value/Total acres of project site) = Subtotal x 6/5 = In Lieu Fee. Assumes 2.438 residents per attached single family unit, and fair market value of $669,000 per acre.
August 12, 2025
Table 3: Single Family Unit Prototype - 1,500 Square Feet Cotati Maximum Justified Cotati (Current) American Petaluma Rohnert Park Santa Rosa Fee Category (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 4 (High)1,4 Canyon (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 2 (High)1, 2 (Low)3(High)3 Bed Tax $ 422 $ 422 $ 422 $ 422 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Public/Capital Facilities3 - - - - - 7,848 7,848 27,090 42,624 10,053 10,053 Climate Action2 - - - - - - - - 316 - -
General Government - - - - 533 - - - - - -
General Plan 315 315 - - - - - - - - -
Library - - - - 1,170 - - - - - -
Open Space - - - - - 557 557 - - - -
Parks and Recreation4 18,540 18,540 9,786 9,786 7,220 10,202 10,202 - - 14,890 17,314 Police - - - - 101 - - - - - -
Public Art In Lieu5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Specific Plan Fee - 944 - 944 - - 319 - - - -
Storm Drain - - - - - 225 225 - - - -
Traffic 6,045 6,045 8,415 8,415 6,843 19,908 19,908 - 9,063 - - Wastewater 7,365 7,365 19,003 19,003 12,729 10,229 10,229 - - 7,300 7,300 Water 6,045 6,045 10,617 10,617 23,266 4,981 4,981 1,991 9,160 5,061 7,207 Water Conservation 1,750 1,750 1,750 1,750 - - - - - - - Total $ 40,482 $ 41,426 $ 49,993 $ 50,937 $ 51,862 $ 53,950 $ 54,269 $ 29,081 $ 61,163 $ 37,304 $ 41,874 Affordable Housing - - - - 5,355 - - 15,434 15,434 4,560 15,195 Total - per Prototype $ 40,482 $ 41,426 $ 49,993 $ 50,937 $ 57,217 $ 53,950 $ 54,269 $ 44,515 $ 76,597 $ 41,864 $ 57,069 1 Specific plan fees vary by geographic area.
5 Public art fee assumes public art is provided onsite. 2 Rohnert Park public/capital facilities fee listed varies w ith location of project and funds fair share costs for expansion of sew er, w ater, and public facilities. Water capacity fee charged in addition to public facilities fee.
3 Santa Rosa capital facilities fee includes street w idening, traffic signals, freew ay interchanges, bike paths, and storm drains. Water fees increase during severe w ater shortage. 4 Cotati current Parks and Recreation fee calculated according to the follow ing formula: (DUs x Population/DU) x (5 acres/1000 population) x (Fair Market Value/Total acres of project site) = Subtotal x 6/5 = In Lieu Fee. Assumes 2.438 residents per attached single family unit, and fair market value of $669,000 per acre.
August 12, 2025
Table 4: Single Family Unit Prototype - 2,000 Square Feet Cotati Maximum Justified Cotati (Current) American Petaluma Rohnert Park Santa Rosa Fee Category (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 4 (High)1,4 Canyon (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 2 (High)1, 2 (Low)3(High)3 Bed Tax $ 422 $ 422 $ 422 $ 422 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Public/Capital Facilities3 - - - - - 7,848 7,848 27,090 42,624 10,053 10,053 Climate Action2 - - - - - - - - 316 - -
General Government - - - - 533 - - - - - -
General Plan 420 420 - - - - - - - - -
Library - - - - 1,170 - - - - - -
Open Space - - - - - 557 557 - - - -
Parks and Recreation4 24,720 24,720 12,459 12,459 7,220 10,202 10,202 - - 14,890 17,314 Police - - - - 101 - - - - - -
Public Art In Lieu5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Specific Plan Fee - 1,023 - 1,023 - - 319 - - - -
Storm Drain - - - - - 225 225 - - - -
Traffic 8,060 8,060 8,415 8,415 6,843 19,908 19,908 - 9,063 - - Wastewater 9,820 9,820 19,003 19,003 12,729 10,229 10,229 - - 7,300 7,300 Water 8,060 8,060 10,617 10,617 23,266 4,981 4,981 1,991 9,160 5,061 7,207 Water Conservation 1,750 1,750 1,750 1,750 - - - - - - - Total $ 53,252 $ 54,275 $ 52,666 $ 53,689 $ 51,862 $ 53,950 $ 54,269 $ 29,081 $ 61,163 $ 37,304 $ 41,874 Affordable Housing - - - - 7,140 - - 15,434 15,434 6,080 20,260 Total - per Prototype $ 53,252 $ 54,275 $ 52,666 $ 53,689 $ 59,002 $ 53,950 $ 54,269 $ 44,515 $ 76,597 $ 43,384 $ 62,134 1 Specific plan fees vary by geographic area.
5 Public art fee assumes public art is provided onsite. 2 Rohnert Park public/capital facilities fee listed varies w ith location of project and funds fair share costs for expansion of sew er, w ater, and public facilities. Water capacity fee charged in addition to public facilities fee.
3 Santa Rosa capital facilities fee includes street w idening, traffic signals, freew ay interchanges, bike paths, and storm drains. Water fees increase during severe w ater shortage. 4 Cotati current Parks and Recreation fee calculated according to the follow ing formula: (DUs x Population/DU) x (5 acres/1000 population) x (Fair Market Value/Total acres of project site) = Subtotal x 6/5 = In Lieu Fee. Assumes 3.10 residents per detached single family unit, and fair market value of $669,000 per acre.
August 12, 2025
Table 5: Single Family Unit Prototype - 2,500 Square Feet Cotati Maximum Justified Cotati (Current) American Petaluma Rohnert Park Santa Rosa Fee Category (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 4 (High)1,4 Canyon (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 2 (High)1, 2 (Low)3(High)3 Bed Tax $ 473 $ 473 $ 473 $ 473 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Public/Capital Facilities3 - - - - - 7,848 7,848 27,090 42,624 10,053 10,053 Climate Action2 - - - - - - - - 316 - -
General Government - - - - 533 - - - - - -
General Plan 525 525 - - - - - - - - -
Library - - - - 1,170 - - - - - -
Open Space - - - - - 557 557 - - - -
Parks and Recreation4 30,900 30,900 12,459 12,459 7,220 10,202 10,202 - - 14,890 17,314 Police - - - - 101 - - - - - -
Public Art In Lieu5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Specific Plan Fee - 1,181 - 1,181 - - 319 - - - -
Storm Drain - - - - - 225 225 - - - -
Traffic 10,075 10,075 8,415 8,415 6,843 19,908 19,908 - 9,063 - - Wastewater 12,275 12,275 19,003 19,003 12,729 10,229 10,229 - - 7,512 7,512 Water 10,075 10,075 10,617 10,617 23,266 4,981 4,981 1,991 9,160 7,038 7,207 Water Conservation 1,750 1,750 1,750 1,750 - - - - - - - Total $ 66,073 $ 67,254 $ 52,717 $ 53,898 $ 51,862 $ 53,950 $ 54,269 $ 29,081 $ 61,163 $ 39,493 $ 42,086 Affordable Housing - - - - 8,925 - - 15,434 15,434 7,600 25,325 Total - per Prototype $ 66,073 $ 67,254 $ 52,717 $ 53,898 $ 60,787 $ 53,950 $ 54,269 $ 44,515 $ 76,597 $ 47,093 $ 67,411 1 Specific plan fees vary by geographic area.
5 Public art fee assumes public art is provided onsite. 4 Cotati current Parks and Recreation fee calculated according to the follow ing formula: (DUs x Population/DU) x (5 acres/1000 population) x (Fair Market Value/Total acres of project site) = Subtotal x 6/5 = In Lieu Fee. Assumes 3.10 residents per single family unit, and fair market value of $669,000 per acre. 3 Santa Rosa capital facilities fee includes street w idening, traffic signals, freew ay interchanges, bike paths, and storm drains. Water fees increase during severe w ater shortage. 2 Rohnert Park public/capital facilities fee listed varies w ith location of project and funds fair share costs for expansion of sew er, w ater, and public facilities. Water capacity fee charged in addition to public facilities fee.
August 12, 2025
Table 6: Multifamily Prototype - 20 Apartments
Cotati (Maximum Justified) Cotati (Current) American Petaluma Rohnert Park Santa Rosa Fee Category (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 4 (High)1,4 Canyon (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 2 (High)1, 2 (Low)3(High)3 Bed Tax $ 7,380 $ 7,380 $ 7,380 $ 7,380 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Public/Capital Facilities3 - - - - - 105,700 105,700 349,680 525,720 136,420 136,420 Climate Action2 - - - - - - - - 6,317 - -
General Government - - - - 10,641 - - - - - -
General Plan 4,200 4,200 - - - - - - - - -
Library - - - - 23,396 - - - - - -
Open Space - - - - - 7,480 7,480 - - - -
Parks and Recreation4 247,200 247,200 169,150 169,150 144,396 137,520 137,520 - - 223,380 247,500 Police - - - - 2,021 - - - - - -
Public Art In Lieu5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Specific Plan Fee - 3,935 - 3,935 - - 1,063 - - - -
Storm Drain - - - - - 2,250 2,250 - - - -
Traffic 80,600 80,600 168,300 168,300 88,514 244,440 244,440 - 181,265 - - Wastewater 98,200 98,200 101,291 101,291 165,480 135,460 135,460 - - 103,620 103,620 Water 80,600 80,600 35,354 35,354 302,460 4,981 4,981 20,230 128,386 69,080 101,840 Water Conservation 35,000 35,000 35,000 35,000 - - - - - - - Total $ 553,180 $ 557,115 $516,475 $520,410 $736,908 $637,831 $638,894 $369,910 $ 841,688 $532,500 $589,380 1 Specific plan fees vary by geographic area.
5 Public art fee assumes public art is provided onsite. 3 Santa Rosa capital facilities fee includes street w idening, traffic signals, freew ay interchanges, bike paths, and storm drains. Water fees increase during severe w ater shortage. 4 Cotati current Parks and Recreation fee calculated according to the follow ing formula: (DUs x Population/DU) x (5 acres/1000 population) x (Fair Market Value/Total acres of project site) = Subtotal x 6/5 = In Lieu Fee. Assumes 2.11 residents per multifamily unit and fair market value of $669,000 per acre. 2 Rohnert Park public/capital facilities fee listed varies w ith location of project and funds fair share costs for expansion of sew er, w ater, and public facilities. Water capacity fee charged in addition to public facilities fee.
August 12, 2025
Table 7: Retail/Commercial Prototype - 2,000 Square Feet Cotati Maximum Justified Cotati (Current) American Petaluma Rohnert Park Santa Rosa Fee Category (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 4 (High)1,4 Canyon (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 2 (High)1, 2 (Low)3(High)3 Bed Tax $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -
Commercial Linkage 8,800 8,800 8,800 8,800 1,820 12,000 12,000 1,880 1,880 6,000 6,000 Public/Capital Facilities3 - - - - - 2,972 2,972 37,432 39,964 29,260 29,260 General Government - - - - 399 - - - - - -
General Plan 180 180 - - - - - - - - -
Library - - - - 352 - - - - - -
Open Space - - - - - 212 212 - - - -
Parks and Recreation4 - - - - 82 3,870 3,870 - - - -
Police - - - - 82 - - - - - -
Public Art In Lieu5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Specific Plan Fee - 1,181 - 1,181 - - 319 - - -
Storm Drain - - - - - 1,013 1,013 - 2,683 - -
Traffic 29,120 29,120 17,762 17,762 52,680 78,738 78,738 - - - - Wastewater5 7,080 7,080 31,737 31,737 8,184 4,979 4,979 22,256 37,896 15,332 15,332 Water6 5,260 5,260 17,764 17,764 11,049 8,316 8,316 2,657 15,844 8,416 12,698 Water Conservation 344 344 344 344 - - - - - - -
Total - per Prototype $ 50,784 $ 51,965 $ 76,407 $ 77,588 $ 74,648 $ 112,100 $ 112,419 $ 64,225 $ 98,267 $ 59,008 $ 63,290 1 Specific plan fees vary by geographic area.
4 Public art fee assumes public art is provided onsite. 5 Where applicable, w astew ater fees assume 115 gallons per 1,000 square feet per day. 6 Where applicable, w ater fees assume 155 gallons per 1,000 square feet per day. 2 Public/capital facilities fee listed varies w ith location of project and includes transportation infrastructure, public safety infrastructure, public w orks facilities and community facilities. 3 Santa Rosa capital facilities fee includes street w idening, traffic signals, freew ay interchanges, bike paths, and storm drains. Water fees increase during severe w ater shortage.
August 12, 2025
Table 8: Office Prototype - 2,000 Square Feet
Cotati Maximum Justified Cotati (Current) American Petaluma Rohnert Park Santa Rosa Fee Category (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 4 (High)1,4 Canyon (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 2 (High)1, 2 (Low)3(High)3 Bed Tax $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -
Commercial Linkage 5,100 5,100 5,100 5,100 1,820 6,940 6,940 1,380 1,380 6,000 6,000 Public/Capital Facilities2,3 - - - - - 2,838 2,838 24,920 28,906 16,040 16,040 Climate Action - - - - - - - - - - -
General Government - - - - 809 - - - - - -
General Plan 280 280 - - - - - - - - -
Library - - - - 560 - - - - - -
Open Space - - - - - 202 202 - - - -
Parks and Recreation4 - - - - 146 3,696 3,696 - - - -
Police - - - - 206 - - - - - -
Public Art In Lieu5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Specific Plan Fee - 1,181 - 1,181 - - 319 - - - -
Storm Drain - - - - - 1,013 1,013 - 2,683 - -
Traffic4 30,520 30,520 11,982 11,982 12,004 52,596 52,596 - - - - Wastewater5 7,080 7,080 31,737 31,737 8,184 4,979 4,979 22,256 37,896 15,332 15,332 Water6 5,260 5,260 17,764 17,764 11,049 8,316 8,316 2,657 15,844 8,416 12,698 Water Conservation 344 344 344 344 - - - - - - -
Total - per Prototype $ 48,584 $ 49,765 $ 66,927 $ 68,108 $ 34,778 $ 80,580 $ 80,899 $ 51,213 $ 86,709 $ 45,788 $ 50,070 1 Specific plan fees vary by geographic area.
4 Public art fee assumes public art is provided onsite. 5 Where applicable, w astew ater fees assume 115 gallons per 1,000 square feet per day. 6 Where applicable, w ater fees assume 155 gallons per 1,000 square feet per day. 2 Public/capital facilities fee listed varies w ith location of project and includes transportation infrastructure, public safety infrastructure, public w orks facilities and community facilities. 3 Santa Rosa capital facilities fee includes street w idening, traffic signals, freew ay interchanges, bike paths, and storm drains. Water fees increase during severe w ater shortage.
August 12, 2025
Table 9: Industrial Prototype - 10,000 Square Feet
Cotati Maximum Justified Cotati (Current) American Petaluma Rohnert Park Santa Rosa Fee Category (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 4 (High)1,4 Canyon (Low)1(High)1(Low)1, 2 (High)1, 2 (Low)3(High)3 Bed Tax $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -
Commercial Linkage 44,000 44,000 44,000 44,000 5,900 35,700 35,700 7,100 7,100 30,000 30,000 Public/Capital Facilities - - - - - 9,040 9,040 40,120 44,720 48,800 48,800 Climate Action - - - - - - - - - - -
General Government - - - - 1,475 - - - - - -
General Plan 500 500 - - - - - - - - -
Library - - - - 1,030 - - - - - -
Open Space - - - - - 650 650 - - - -
Parks and Recreation4 - - - - 100 11,770 11,770 - - - - Police - - - - 520 - - - - - -
Public Art In Lieu5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Specific Plan Fee - 3,935 - 3,935 - - 1,063 - - - -
Storm Drain - - - - - 4,500 4,500 - 8,942 - -
Traffic 88,400 88,400 48,860 48,860 26,966 155,710 155,710 - - - - Wastewater5 14,200 14,200 63,282 63,282 6,549 3,984 3,984 17,810 30,325 12,371 12,371 Water6 10,900 10,900 35,354 35,354 9,002 16,581 16,581 2,143 12,778 18,489 21,978 Water Conservation 689 689 689 689 - - - - - - -
Total - per Prototype $ 158,689 $ 162,624 $ 192,185 $196,120 $ 51,542 $237,935 $ 238,998 $ 67,172 $ 103,865 $ 109,660 $ 113,149 1 Specific plan fees vary by geographic area.
4 Public art fee assumes public art is provided onsite. 5 Where applicable, w astew ater fees assume 18 gallons per 1,000 square feet per day. 6 Where applicable, w ater fees assume 25 gallons per 1,000 square feet per day. 2 Public/capital facilities fee listed varies w ith location of project and includes transportation infrastructure, public safety infrastructure, public w orks facilities and community facilities. 3 Santa Rosa capital facilities fee includes street w idening, traffic signals, freew ay interchanges, bike paths, and storm drains. Water fees increase during severe w ater shortage.