Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction i August 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary ........................................................................................................... ES-1 Section 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Project Location ................................................................................................................ 1
1.3 Surrounding Land Uses ................................................................................................... 2 Section 2: Project Description ............................................................................................... 5
2.1 Project Understanding ...................................................................................................... 5
2.2 Description of Off-Hours Construction ............................................................................. 5 Section 3: Environmental and Regulatory Setting ............................................................... 7
3.1 Noise Characteristics and Descriptors ............................................................................. 7
3.1.1 Noise Exposure and Community Noise .................................................................. 7
3.1.2 Noise Effects on People .......................................................................................... 8
3.1.3 Noise Attenuation .................................................................................................... 9
3.2 Existing Conditions ......................................................................................................... 10
3.2.1 Noise Sensitive Receptors .................................................................................... 10
3.2.2 Existing Ambient Noise Levels ............................................................................. 11
3.3 Regulatory Setting .......................................................................................................... 13
3.3.1 Culver City General Plan Noise Element .............................................................. 13
3.3.2 Culver City Municipal Code................................................................................... 13 Section 4: Impacts and Mitigation Measures...................................................................... 14
4.1 Methodology ................................................................................................................... 14
4.2 Impact Thresholds .......................................................................................................... 14
4.3 Project Impact Analysis .................................................................................................. 15
4.3.1 Noise 15
4.3.2 Air Quality .............................................................................................................. 22
4.3.3 Lighting .................................................................................................................. 28 Section 5: References ........................................................................................................... 30
Appendices
A Off-hours Scope of Work
B Ambient Noise Measurement at Nearest Noise Sensitive Receptor C Off-Hours Construction Noise Calculations
D Air Quality Modeling and Calculations
E Night Construction Lighting Calculations
Figures
Figure 1 Regional and Project Vicinity Locations ..................................................................... 3 Figure 2 Aerial Photograph with Surrounding Land Uses ........................................................ 4 Figure 3 Noise Measurement Locations ................................................................................ 12
Noise Analysis & Updated Environmental Review
The Culver Studios CPA 7 TUP ESA / 190574
Noise & Lighting Technical Report ii June 2019
Tables
Table ES-1 Off-Hours Construction Noise Levels at Offsite Noise-Sensitive Receptors .............................................................................................................. 2 Table ES-2 Existing and Existing plus Project Construction Vehicular Traffic Noise Levels .................................................................................................................... 3 Table 1 Summary of Ambient Noise Measurements ....................................................... 11 Table 2 Culver City Noise Standards ............................................................................... 13 Table 3 Off-hours Construction Equipment Reference Noise Levels .............................. 17 Table 4 Off-Hours Construction Noise Levels at Offsite Noise-Sensitive Receptors ............................................................................................................ 18 Table 5 Existing and Existing plus Project Construction Vehicular Traffic Noise Levels .................................................................................................................. 20 Table 6 Off-Hours Construction Noise Levels at Offsite Noise-Sensitive Receptors – SEL Analysis ................................................................................... 21 Table 7 SCAQMD Regional Emissions Thresholds ......................................................... 25 Table 8 Estimated Maximum Mitigated Regional Construction Emissions ...................... 26 Table 9 Estimated Maximum Unmitigated Localized Construction Emissions ................ 27
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction ES-1 August 2023
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The City of Culver City evaluated environmental impacts for the Crossing Campus Project (the Project) in the Crossings Campus Environmental Impact Report (EIR) (State Clearinghouse No. 2021110079), which was prepared in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). A Notice of Determination was filed on December 13, 2022.
Chapter 9.07 of the City of Culver City Municipal Code (CCMC) provides specific noise restrictions and exemptions for noise sources within the City. CCMC noise regulations state that construction activity shall be prohibited, except between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m.
Mondays through Fridays; 9:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. Saturdays; 10:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. Sundays.
The EIR included an evaluation of extended construction hours, with construction beginning at 7:00 a.m. and lasting through 10:00 p.m.
Culver Crossings Properties LLC (Applicant) proposes off-hours construction activities for the Project located at 8825 National Boulevard in Culver City, CA. For the purposes of this report, the Project refers to the off-hours construction activities. The Applicant is submitting an application to Culver City (City) to obtain a temporary use permit (TUP) to allow for off-hours concrete pours at the Project site beginning at 2:00 a.m. and grading/excavation and soils export beginning at 5:00 a.m., instead of 7:00 a.m. No change to the construction end time of 10:00 p.m., as was analyzed in the EIR, is being requested. The Applicant is proposing an off-hours construction work plan to the City to obtain a TUP to the City’s noise ordinance to conduct project construction activities outside of the allowable construction hours specified the City’s noise ordinance.
The Applicant is requesting permission for the off-hours construction activities to ensure the highest quality of the concrete structure and to reduce the overall impact to the surrounding communities through a shortened construction duration and peak activities. The off-hours work would result in limiting the number of mat foundation pours to yield maximum strength of the material and prevent cracking, and reduce the potential for concrete spoiling in concrete truck during delivery. Most importantly, extended hours will reduce the number of days required for mat foundation activities.
The off-hours construction activities would also include soil excavation and haul truck export of the excavated material. The off-hours work would result in reducing the number of days required to excavate the site and export the soil. The extended hours will reduce the number of days and duration for excavation and export activities.
This report has been prepared to support the City’s environmental review process regarding potential noise and other environmental impacts associated with the proposed off-hours Project’s construction. This analysis is required as part of the Project’s proposed off-hours construction Section 1. Introduction
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction ES-2 August 2023 work plan to be submitted to the City to obtain a TUP allowing an exception to the City’ noise ordinance to work outside of the City’s allowable construction hours. The noise analysis will estimate the noise levels generated by the proposed off-hours activities including the noise attenuation provided by the distance between noise sources and receptors and whether the noise levels would exceed applicable City noise standards or substantially increase existing ambient noise levels at the adjacent noise sensitive receptors (i.e., residential uses in the surrounding area).
This report summarizes the Project off-hours construction noise levels generated on-site and attenuated by distance and the existing sound wall to the nearest noise sensitive receptors off-site, and the potential for the Project to conflict with the applicable Culver City noise regulations, standards, and thresholds. The Project would incorporate and implement all applicable project design features (PDFs) and mitigation measures that were included in the Crossings Campus EIR to reduce noise impacts. The results of the analysis for on-site construction noise sources are summarized in Table ES-1. As shown therein, accounting for exterior-to-interior noise attenuation1 and with implementation of applicable PDFs and mitigation measures, construction noise impacts from on-site sources associated with the off-hours construction activities would not exceed Culver City noise regulations, standards, and thresholds for any sensitive receptors.
TABLE ES-1
OFF-HOURS CONSTRUCTION NOISE LEVELS AT OFFSITE NOISE-SENSITIVE RECEPTORS Construction Phases
Sensitive Receptors
Estimated Unmitigated
Average Construction
Noise Levels (dBA Leq)
a
Estimated Mitigated
Average Construction
Noise Levels (dBA Leq)
Noise Threshold
(Ambient + 5
dBA) a b
Exceeds
Threshold?
Grading/Excavation
R1 – Ground Floors
R1 – Upper Floors
R2 – Ground Floors
R2 – Upper Floors
R3 – Ground Floors
R3 – Upper Floors
R4
53.4 53.4
61.1 61.1
53.9 53.9
49.3 35.4
45.4 43.1
53.1 35.9
45.9 31.3
60.7 60.7
68.7 68.7
64.4 64.4
64.4 No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Foundations/Concrete Pour
R1 – Ground Floors
R1 – Upper Floors
R2 – Ground Floors
R2 – Upper Floors
R3 – Ground Floors
R3 – Upper Floors
R4
51.8 51.8
59.2 59.2
52.5 52.5
48.1 33.8
43.8 41.2
51.2 34.5
44.5 30.1
54.6 54.6
58.7 58.7
57.5 57.5
57.5 No
No
No
No
No
No
No
1 Per the LAX South Airfield Improvement Project EIR (SCH 2004081039), buildings with windows open would provide approximately 13 dBA exterior/interior noise reduction.
Section 1. Introduction
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction ES-3 August 2023 Construction Phases
Sensitive Receptors
Estimated Unmitigated
Average Construction
Noise Levels (dBA Leq)
a
Estimated Mitigated
Average Construction
Noise Levels (dBA Leq)
Noise Threshold
(Ambient + 5
dBA) a b
Exceeds
Threshold?
Tower Crane Erection/
Disassembly
R1 – Ground Floors
R1 – Upper Floors
R2 – Ground Floors
R2 – Upper Floors
R3 – Ground Floors
R3 – Upper Floors
R4
46.5 46.5
54.1 54.1
47.0 47.0
42.4 28.5
38.5 36.1
46.1 29.0
39.0 24.4
54.6 54.6
58.7 58.7
57.5 57.5
57.5 No
No
No
No
No
No
No
a Per the LAX South Airfield Improvement Project EIR (SCH 2004081039), buildings with windows open would provide approximately 13 dBA exterior/interior noise reduction.
b Existing measured ambient levels at the project and receptor site boundary, as shown in Table 1, already exceed these standards; therefore, the existing ambient levels (plus 5 dBA) are assumed to be the standards not to exceed (e.g., 62 dBA Leq measured on a weekday from 7:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m. is greater than the City’s daytime standard of 50 dBA Leq, therefore, the adjusted day standard for this weekday off-hour would be 67 dBA Leq).
c R4 is assumed to have a similar ambient noise environment as R3 and uses the same noise threshold.
SOURCE: ESA, 2023, Culver City 2015.
The results of the analysis for off-site construction noise sources are summarized in Table ES-2.
As shown therein, with implementation of applicable PDFs and mitigation measures, off-site construction noise impacts associated with the off-hours construction activities would not exceed Culver City noise regulations, standards, and thresholds (same finding as the Crossings Campus EIR).
TABLE ES-2
EXISTING AND EXISTING PLUS PROJECT CONSTRUCTION VEHICULAR TRAFFIC NOISE LEVELS Roadway Segment Adjacent Land Use
Leq (dBA) a, b
Existingc
Existing +
Constructiond
Increase over
Existing
Venice Boulevard
Between Cattaraugus Ave and La Cienega Blvd Commercial / Residential 49.6 53.6 4.0 Between Helms Ave and Cattaraugus Ave Commercial / Residential 49.6 53.6 4.0 Between La Cienega Blvd and I-10 Westbound
Off-Ramp/Cadillac Ave
Commercial / Residential 49.6 53.6 4.0
Between National Blvd and Helms Ave Commercial / Residential 49.6 53.6 4.0 East of I-10 Westbound Off-Ramp/Cadillac Ave Commercial / Residential 49.6 53.6 4.0 a Calculated based on existing traffic volumes provided by Fehr & Peers, July 2022. Values are rounded to the nearest tenth decimal place. The distance from roadside receiver traffic noise level to roadway centerline was estimated using Web -based satellite imaging for each roadway segment analyzed.
b Residential roadway segments where haul trucks would not travel were removed. c The existing traffic noise level is represented by the lowest hourly average noise level at receptor R1, which is the closest receptor to the haul route.
d The traffic noise levels from off hours construction include a 13 dBA reduction from exterior -to-interior noise attenuation for buildings with windows open.
SOURCE: ESA, 2023.
Section 1. Introduction
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction ES-4 August 2023 As demonstrated above, the TUP to allow extended nighttime construction hours would not result in adverse noise impacts to ground floor sensitive receptors or to upper floor receptors during construction activities.
The off-hours construction would extend the construction day and result in a relatively small increase in daily air pollutant emissions. An air quality analysis was conducted to determine the maximum daily emissions from the off-hours construction combined with the maximum daily construction emissions identified in the Crossing Campus EIR. With implementation of mitigation measures identified in the Crossing Campus EIR, the off-hours construction would not result in an exceedance of the South Coast Air Quality Management District significance thresholds for daily regional emission or localized emissions for all applicable criteria pollutants and ozone precursors. Therefore, impacts would continue to be less than significant with mitigation, as was determined in the Crossing Campus EIR. Therefore, the TUP to allow extended nighttime construction hours would not result in adverse air quality impacts.
The Project would involve lighting to support nighttime construction. However, the lighting analysis provided herein has demonstrated that no significant lighting impacts would occur at the nearby residential locations. Therefore, the TUP to allow extended nighttime construction hours would not result in adverse lighting impacts.
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 1 August 2023 SECTION 1
Introduction
1.1 Purpose
The City of Culver City evaluated environmental impacts in the Crossings Campus Environmental Impact Report (EIR) (State Clearinghouse No. 2021110079), which was prepared in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). A Notice of Determination was filed on December 13, 2022.
Chapter 9.07 of the City of Culver City Municipal Code (CCMC) provides specific noise restrictions and exemptions for noise sources within the City. CCMC noise regulations state that construction activity shall be prohibited, except between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m.
Mondays through Fridays; 9:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. Saturdays; 10:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. Sundays.
The EIR included an evaluation of extended construction hours, with construction beginning at 7:00 a.m. and lasting through 10:00 p.m.
Culver Crossings Properties LLC (Applicant) proposes off-hours construction activities for the proposed Crossings Campus development located at 8825 National Boulevard in Culver City, CA (Project). This report considers the potential noise, lighting, and air quality impacts from the extended construction hours. This report has been prepared to support the City’s environmental review process regarding potential noise and other environmental impacts associated with the proposed off-hours construction. This analysis is required as part of the Crossings Campus Project’s proposed off-hours construction work plan to be submitted to the City to obtain a Temporary Use Permit (TUP) allowing an exception to allow work outside of the City’s allowable construction hours specified in the City’s noise ordinance.
This report identifies applicable City noise regulations and evaluates potential noise, lighting, and air quality impacts associated with the proposed off-hours construction of the Project.
Information used to prepare this analysis includes the environmental analyses in the Crossings Campus Environmental Impact Report (EIR), the City’s General Plan Noise Element and Municipal Code noise ordinance, off-hours construction data provided by the Applicant, and other sources identified herein.
1.2 Project Location
The Culver City Parcel is located to the east of the Downtown District of Culver City and in the Washington National Transit Oriented Development District. The Los Angeles Parcel is located in the West Adams–Baldwin Hills–Leimert Community Plan area of Los Angeles. Primary regional access is provided by two freeways; the Santa Monica Freeway (I-10) located approximately 630 Section 1. Introduction
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 2 August 2023 feet north of the Project Site and the San Diego Freeway (1-405), located approximately 2.09 miles west of the Project Site. See Figure 1, Regional and Project Vicinity Locations, for the location of the Project Site. The Project Site is also served by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro) “E” Line and multiple Metro and local bus lines that provide service along Venice, National, and Washington Boulevards.
1.3 Surrounding Land Uses
The area surrounding the Project Site is developed primarily with a mix of commercial and residential uses. Land uses located adjacent to the Project Site include: a two-story office building to the north (across Venice Boulevard), the Helms Bakery Complex single-story warehouse and retail building to the east, the 8777 Washington four-story office building and the Access Culver City five-story mixed use residential building to the south (across Washington Boulevard), and the six to seven-story Ivy Station mixed-use project consisting of office, residential, hotel, and retail uses to the west across National Boulevard. Existing buildings on the Project are set back approximately 24 feet from the Helms Bakery Building and are only approximately 2 feet off the property line at Venice Boulevard. See Figure 2, Project Location – Aerial Photograph, for an aerial image of the Project Site and surrounding development.
The parcels surrounding the Project Site in Culver City have a General Plan land use designation of General Corridor. The parcels surrounding the Project Site in the City of Los Angeles are designated by the West Adams–Baldwin Hills–Leimert Community Plan for Hybrid Industrial, Neighborhood Commercial, Limited Industrial, and Open Space land uses (i.e., Venice Boulevard landscaped median), and are within the CM-2D-CPIO (Commercial Manufacturing), C2-2D- CPIO (Commercial), and (Q)M1-2D and M1-1 (Limited Industrial) and OS-1XL (Open Space) zones.
PROJECT
SITE
Venice Boulevard
Path: \\azr-file01\GIS_SHARE\GIS\GIS\Projects\2021xxx\D202100410_Culver_Crossings\03_MXDs_Projects\DEIR\Fig2-1_Reg Proj Vicinity Loc.mxd, dkaneshiro 5/2/2022 SOURCE: Open Street Map, 2021
N
0 300
Feet
Project Boundary
Crossings Campus
Figure 1
Regional and Project Vicinity Locations
PROJECT
SITE
Washington Boulevard
National Boulevard
Venice Boulevard
Wesley Street
Ivy Street
Curts Avenue
P a t h : \ \ a z r - f i l e 0 1 \ G I S _ S H A R E \ G I S \ G I S \ P r o j e c t s \ 2 0 2 1 x x x \ D 2 0 2 1 0 0 4 1 0 _ C u l v e r _ C r o s s i n g s \ 0 3 _ M X D s _ P r o j e c t s \ D E I R \ F i g 2 - 2 _ A e r i a l P h o t o . m x d , d k a n e s h i r o 2 / 9 / 2 0 2 2 S O U R C E : N e a r m a p , 2 0 2 1 N
0 1 5 0
F e e t
P r o j e c t B o u n d a r y
C r o s s i n g s C a m p u s
Figure 2
Project Location - Aerial Photograph
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 5 August 2023 SECTION 2
Project Description
2.1 Project Understanding
The proposed off-hours Project construction activities are based on information and data provided to ESA from the Applicant and General Contractor (Hathaway Dinwiddie) via email and phone conversations, and Project Site observations via Google Earth. To ensure the highest quality of the concrete structure and to reduce the overall impact to the surrounding communities during peak hours activities, the Applicant requests permission and provides justification for the Project construction activities described below to be performed off-hours. The extended hours would minimize impact to the project area during peak hours by reducing construction related traffic.
Refer to the summary discussion below in Section 2.2 and additional details in Appendix A for a description and justification for the off-hours construction activities.
The City’s Municipal Code (noise ordinance) states that construction activity shall be prohibited, except between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. Mondays through Fridays; 9:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. Saturdays. The Project’s off-hours activities would occur from 5:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. on weekdays and 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. Saturdays for soils export and from 2:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. on weekdays and 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. Saturdays for foundations and concrete pours.
Therefore, the Applicant is proposing an off-hours construction work plan to the city to obtain a TUP to the City’s noise ordinance to conduct project construction activities outside of the allowable construction hours of City’s noise ordinance. The Applicant has requested that ESA assist in the submittal by completing an off-hours noise study and updated environmental review of the proposed off-hours construction work to support submittal of the TUP application to the City for approval at the soonest possible bi-monthly City Council Hearing.
2.2 Description of Off-Hours Construction
The proposed off-hours Project construction activities are detailed in Hathaway Dinwiddie Construction Company Construction Management submitted to the City of Culver City requesting an extended hours permit. The off-hours mat foundation pours, elevated deck concrete pours and export of mass excavations would include the operation of a 5-yard loader, bottom dump truck and trailer transporter, concrete pumps, concrete trucks, a crane and generators. The off-hours tower crane erections/disassemble would include the operation of a mobile crane, forklift, and flatbed delivery truck(s). The off-hours construction activities would require additional artificial lighting equipment (e.g., portable light towers) during off-hours at the Project Site, as the lighting provided by the existing streetlights and natural sunlight (sunrise at approximately 5:30 – 6:50 a.m. September 2023 – September 2025 (time and date per project Section 2. Project Description
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 6 August 2023 schedule 6/13/23)) would not be sufficient lighting for the off-hours work, as determined by the Contractor.
The off-hours Project construction work would occur within the designated work off Venice Boulevard adjacent to the Project Site. The mat foundation and elevated deck concrete pours would include a total of 12 active concrete trucks at the Project Site for mat foundations, 4 active concrete trucks for elevated concrete decks with two or six trucks (depending type of placement) at the hopper discharging concrete and two or four (depending type of placement) waiting in the queue, and one to three concrete pumps at any given time within the designated work area of each placement. The tower crane would be erected and disassembled within the designated work area of Venice Boulevard. The Project off-hours construction activities would occur over variable day events beginning at 2:00 a.m. for concrete pours and 5:00 a.m. for soils export during the week and 7:00 a.m. for all activities during the weekend. Off-hour construction would happen sequentially without overlap between mass excavation, concrete foundation pours, elevated deck pours, or tower crane erection and disassembly.
• Mass Excavation (5:00 a.m. Start Only):
– Phase 1: 85 Days; estimated 75 trucks per day
– Phase 2: 147 Days; estimated 89 trucks per day
• Concrete foundation pours
– Total Mat Pours
▪ Phase 1: 4 Days; estimated 200 concrete trucks per day ▪ Phase 2: 7 Days; estimated 200 concrete trucks per day • Elevated Deck Pours
– Total Elevated Deck Pours
▪ Phase 1: 30 Days; estimated 40 concrete trucks per day ▪ Phase 2: 54 Days; estimated 40 concrete trucks per day • Tower Crane Erection and Dismantle
– Phase 1: 6 days (3 days continuous activity for erection and dismantle) – Phase 2: 6 days (3 days continuous activity for erection and dismantle) – Requires partial and/or full closure of Venice Blvd for staging.
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 7 August 2023 SECTION 3
Environmental and Regulatory Setting
3.1 Noise Characteristics and Descriptors
Sound can be described as the mechanical energy of a vibrating object transmitted by pressure waves through a liquid or gaseous medium (e.g., air). Noise is generally defined as unwanted sound (i.e., loud, unexpected, or annoying sound). Acoustics is defined as the physics of sound. In acoustics, the fundamental scientific model consists of a sound (or noise) source, a receiver, and the propagation path between the two. The loudness of the noise source and obstructions or atmospheric factors affecting the propagation path to the receiver determines the sound level and characteristics of the noise perceived by the receiver. Acoustics addresses primarily the propagation and control of sound.
Sound, traveling in the form of waves from a source, exerts a sound pressure level (referred to as sound level) that is measured in decibels (dB), which is the standard unit of sound amplitude measurement. The dB scale is a logarithmic scale that describes the physical intensity of the pressure vibrations that make up any sound, with 0 dB corresponding roughly to the threshold of human hearing and 120 to 140 dB corresponding to the threshold of pain. Pressure waves traveling through air exert a force registered by the human ear as sound. Sound pressure fluctuations can be measured in units of hertz (Hz), which correspond to the frequency of a particular sound. Typically, sound does not consist of a single frequency, but rather a broad band of frequencies varying in levels of magnitude. When all the audible frequencies of a sound are measured, a sound spectrum is plotted, consisting of a range of frequency from 20 to 20,000 Hz.
The typical human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies of the audible sound spectrum.
Sound is measured using an electronic filter that deemphasizes the frequencies below 1,000 Hz and above 5,000 Hz in a manner corresponding to the human ear’s decreased sensitivity to extremely low and extremely high frequencies. This method of frequency weighting is referred to as A-weighting and is expressed in units of A-weighted decibels (dBA). A-weighting follows an international standard methodology of frequency de-emphasis and is typically applied to community noise measurements.
3.1.1 Noise Exposure and Community Noise
An individual’s noise exposure is a measure of noise over a period of time. A noise level is a measure of noise at a given instant in time. The noise levels are representative of measured noise at a given instant in time; however, they rarely persist consistently over a long period of time.
Rather, community noise varies continuously over a period of time with respect to the contributing sound sources of the community noise environment. Community noise is primarily Section 3. Environmental and Regulatory Setting
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 8 August 2023 the product of many distant noise sources, which constitute a relatively stable background noise exposure, with the individual contributors unidentifiable. The background noise level changes throughout a typical day, but does so gradually, corresponding with the addition and subtraction of distant noise sources such as traffic. What makes community noise variable throughout a day, besides the slowly changing background noise, is the addition of short-duration, single-event noise sources (e.g., aircraft flyovers, motor vehicles, sirens), which are readily identifiable to the individual.
These successive additions of sound to the community noise environment change the community noise level from instant to instant, requiring the measurement of noise exposure over a period of time to legitimately characterize a community noise environment and evaluate cumulative noise impacts. This time-varying characteristic of environmental noise is described using statistical noise descriptors. The most frequently used noise descriptors are summarized below:
Leq: The equivalent sound level used to describe noise over a specified period of time in terms of a single numerical value; the Leq of a time-varying signal and that of a steady signal are the same if they deliver the same acoustic energy over a given time. The Leq may also be referred to as the average sound level.
Lmax: The maximum, instantaneous noise level experienced during a given period of time.
CNEL: The Community Noise Equivalent Level, is the average A-weighted noise level during a 24-hour day that is obtained after an addition of 5 dB to measured noise levels between the hours of 7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. and after an addition of 10 dB to noise levels between the hours of 10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. to account for noise sensitivity in the evening and nighttime, respectively.
3.1.2 Noise Effects on People
Noise is generally loud, unpleasant, unexpected, or undesired sound that is typically associated with human activity that is a nuisance or disruptive. The effects of noise on people can be placed into four general categories:
• Subjective effects (e.g., dissatisfaction, annoyance); • Interference effects (e.g., communication, sleep, and learning interference); • Physiological effects (e.g., startle response); and
• Physical effects (e.g., hearing loss).
Although exposure to high noise levels has been demonstrated to cause physical and physiological effects, the principal human responses to typical environmental noise exposure are related to subjective effects and interference with activities. Interference effects of environmental noise refer to those effects that interrupt daily activities and include interference with human communication activities, such as normal conversations, watching television, telephone conversations, and interference with sleep. Sleep interference effects can include both awakening and arousal to a lesser state of sleep. With regard to the subjective effects, the responses of individuals to similar noise events are diverse and are influenced by many factors, including the Section 3. Environmental and Regulatory Setting
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 9 August 2023 type of noise, the perceived importance of the noise, the appropriateness of the noise to the setting, the duration of the noise, the time of day and the type of activity during which the noise occurs, and individual noise sensitivity.
Overall, there is no completely satisfactory way to measure the subjective effects of noise, or the corresponding reactions of annoyance and dissatisfaction on people. A wide variation in individual thresholds of annoyance exists, and different tolerances to noise tend to develop based on an individual’s past experiences with noise. Thus, an important way of predicting a human reaction to a new noise environment is the way it compares to the existing environment to which one has adapted (i.e., comparison to the ambient noise environment). In general, the more a new noise level exceeds the previously existing ambient noise level, the less acceptable the new noise level will be judged by those hearing it. With regard to increases in A-weighted noise level, the following relationships generally occur:
• Except in carefully controlled laboratory experiments, a change of 1 dBA cannot be perceived;
• Outside of the laboratory, a 3 dBA change in noise levels is considered to be a barely perceivable difference;
• A change in noise levels of 5 dBA is considered to be a readily perceivable difference; and • A change in noise levels of 10 dBA is subjectively heard as doubling of the perceived loudness.
These relationships occur in part because of the logarithmic nature of sound and the dB scale. The human ear perceives sound in a non-linear fashion hence the dB was developed. Because the dB scale is based on logarithms, two noise sources do not combine in a simple additive fashion, but rather logarithmically. Under the dB scale, a doubling of sound energy corresponds to a 3 dBA increase. In other words, when two sources are each producing sound of the same loudness, the resulting sound level at a given distance would be approximately 3 dBA higher than one of the sources under the same conditions. For example, if two identical noise sources produce noise levels of 50 dBA, the combined sound level would be 53 dBA, not 100 dBA. Under the dB scale, three sources of equal loudness together produce a sound level of approximately 5 dBA louder than one source, and ten sources of equal loudness together produce a sound level of approximately 10 dBA louder than the single source.
3.1.3 Noise Attenuation
When noise propagates over a distance, it changes in level and frequency content. The manner in which noise reduces with distance depends on factors such as the type of noise source and the propagation path. Noise from a localized source (i.e., point source) propagates uniformly outward in a spherical pattern; therefore, this type of propagation is referred to as “spherical spreading.” Stationary point sources of noise, including stationary mobile sources such as idling vehicles, attenuate (lessen) at a rate between 6 dBA for acoustically “hard” sites and 7.5 dBA for acoustically “soft” sites for each doubling of distance from the reference measurement as their energy is continuously spread out over a spherical surface. Hard sites are those with a reflective surface between the source and the receiver, such as asphalt or concrete surfaces or smooth Section 3. Environmental and Regulatory Setting
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 10 August 2023 bodies of water. No excess ground attenuation is assumed for hard sites and the changes in noise levels with di stance (drop-off rate) is simply the geometric spreading of the noise from the source. Soft Sites have an absorptive ground surface such as soft dirt, grass , or scattered bushes and trees. In addition to geometric spreading, an excess gro und attenuation va lue of
1.5 dBA (per doubling distance) is normally assumed for soft sites.
Roadways and highways consist of several localized noise sources on a defined path, and hence are treated as “line” sources, which approximate the effect of several point sources. Noise from a line source propagates over a cylindrical surface, often referred to as “cylindrical spreading.” Line sources (e.g., traffic noise from vehicles) attenuate at a rate between 3 dBA for hard sites and 4.5 dBA for soft sites for each doubling of distance from the reference measurement. 2 Therefore, noise due to a line source attenuates less with distance than that of a point source with increased distance.
Additionally, receptors located downwind from a noise source can be exposed to increased noise levels relative to calm conditions, whereas locations upwind can have lowered noise levels.
Sound levels can be increased at large distances (e.g., more than 500 feet) due to atmospheric temperature inversion (i.e., increasing temperature with elevation). Other factors such as air temperature, humidity, and turbulence can also have significant effects.
3.2 Existing Conditions
The Project is currently under construction with the extended hours of 7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m., which was assessed for noise impacts in the Crossings Campus EIR. The predominant source of noise in the vicinity of the Project Site is vehicle traffic from roadways adjacent to the Project Site, primarily Washington Boulevard, National Boulevard, and Venice Boulevard. Secondary noise sources include commercial activities such as loading docks and trash and recycling collections, and residential activities, such as landscaping.
3.2.1 Noise Sensitive Receptors
Noise sensitive receptors are defined as those specific land uses that have associated indoor and/or outdoor human activities that may be subject to stress and/or significant interference from noise produced by community sound sources. Typically, residences, hospitals, and schools are considered noise sensitive, as their land uses of sleeping, recuperation, and concentration, can be adversely affected by noise.
The noise sensitive land uses nearest to the Project Site are as follows:
▪ R1: Existing single-family residences located in the City of Los Angeles approximately 250 feet to the north of the Project Site and north of Venice Boulevard ▪ R2: Existing multi-family residential uses located in the City of Culver City approximately 100 feet to the west of the Project Site and west of National Boulevard.
2 California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), Technical Noise Supplement (TeNS). September, 2013.
Section 3. Environmental and Regulatory Setting
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 11 August 2023 ▪ R3: Existing residential uses located in the City of Culver City approximately 120 feet to the south of the Project Site and south of Washington Boulevard, east of National Boulevard.
▪ R4: Existing residential uses located in the City of Culver City approximately 430 feet to the east of the off-hours construction Project Site area and south of Washington Boulevard, west of Helms Avenue.
These represent the nearest sensitive receptors to the off-hours construction on and adjacent to the Project Site, and, therefore, illustrates the worst-case scenario for potential noise impacts from the off-hours construction activities of the Project. All other sensitive receptors are located at a further distance and impacts would be less than those disclosed herein.
3.2.2 Existing Ambient Noise Levels
To characterize the existing ambient noise levels for the off-hours construction, noise measurements were conducted during a 5-hour period from 2:00 a.m. to 7:00 a.m. on Wednesday, May 31, 2023 at the noise sensitive receptors listed above in Section 3.2.1, A summary of the noise measurement data is provided in Table 1, Summary of Ambient Noise Measurements.
Figure 3, Noise Measurement Locations, shows the locations of the ambient noise measurements.
Ambient noise measurement data sheets are provided in Appendix B.
TABLE 1
SUMMARY OF AMBIENT NOISE MEASUREMENTS
Location, Day of the Week, Date, and Hours
Lowest Hourly Average Noise Levels,
dBA Leq a
(2:00 a.m. to 7:00 a.m. / 5:00 a.m. to 7:00 a.m.)
R1 – Residences on Curts Ave
5/31/2023
2:00 a.m. to 7:00 a.m.
49.6 / 55.7
R2 – Multi-family residences/hotel along National Blvd
5/31/2023
2:00 a.m. to 7:00 a.m.
53.7 / 63.7
R3 – Multi-family residences along Washington Blvd
5/31/2023
2:00 a.m. to 7:00 a.m.
52.5 / 59.4
R4 – Single-family residences along Helms Avenue
5/31/2023
2:00 a.m. to 7:00 a.m.
52.5b / 59.4
a The lowest hourly average noise level between 2:00 a.m. and 7:00 a.m. was used for the foundations/concrete pour and tower crane erection/disassembly phases. The lowest hourly average noise level between 5:00 a.m. and 7:00 a.m. was used for grading/excavation since this phase would not start util 5:00 a.m. at the earliest. b Location R4 has a similar ambient noise environment as R3 during nighttime hours and the ambient noise level is based on data collected at Location R3.
SOURCE: ESA, 2023.
!(!(
!(
Washington Boulevard
National Boulevard
Venice Boulevard
Wesley Street
Ivy Street
Curts Avenue
R3R2
R1
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N
0 160
Feet
Project Boundary
!( Noise Measurement Locations
Crossings Campus
Figure 3
Noise Measurement Locations
Section 3. Environmental and Regulatory Setting
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 13 August 2023
3.3 Regulatory Setting
3.3.1 Culver City General Plan Noise Element
The Noise Element of the General Plan identifies noise-sensitive land uses and noise sources, defines areas of noise impact, and establishes goals, policies, and programs to ensure that City residents are protected from excessive noise (Culver City 1995). The noise goals and policies of the Noise Element applicable to the Project off-hours construction activities include:
Policy 2.A Create a comprehensive ordinance establishing noise regulation criteria, and standards for noise sources and receptors to include but not be limited to the following:
– Noise reduction features during site planning to mitigate anticipated noise impacts on affected noise sensitive land uses, such as schools, hospitals, convalescent homes, and libraries.
– Temporary sound barrier installation at construction site if construction noise is impacting nearby noise sensitive land uses.
– Noise abatement and acoustical design criteria for construction and operation of any new development.
The City’s noise standards are contained in the City’s 1995 General Plan Noise Element, which establishes a daytime (7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.) and nighttime (10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.) hourly average noise level limit of 55 dBA Leq and 50 dBA Leq, respectively, and a maximum noise level limit of 70 dBA Lmax and 65 dBA Lmax based on the 70 dBA Leq (daytime) and 65 dBA Leq (daytime) for a duration of one minute at the residential property line, as shown in bold in Table 2, Culver City Noise Standards.
TABLE 2
CULVER CITY NOISE STANDARDS
Daytime levels
7:00 AM – 10:00 PM
Nighttime Levels
10:00 PM – 7:00 AM Duration
55 dBA – Leq 50 dBA – Leq 30 minute
60 dBA - Leq 55 dBA - Leq 15 minute
65 dBA - Leq 60 dBA - Leq 5 minute
70 dBA - Leq 65 dBA - Leq 1 minute
75 dBA - Leq 70 dBA - Leq Never
Source: Culver City 1995.
3.3.2 Culver City Municipal Code
Chapter 9.07 of the City of Culver City Municipal Code (CCMC) provides specific noise restrictions and exemptions for noise sources within Culver City. Culver City’s noise regulations state that construction activity shall be prohibited, except between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. Mondays through Fridays; 9:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. Saturdays; 10:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m.
Sundays.
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 14 August 2023 SECTION 4
Impacts and Mitigation Measures
This section describes the impact analysis relating to noise impacts for the Project including the methodology, applicable impact thresholds used to determine the impacts of the Project. If impact thresholds are exceeded, mitigation measures are proposed to reduce noise impacts.
4.1 Methodology
Project off-hours construction activity noise levels at the noise sensitive receptors were estimated using the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)’s Roadway Construction Noise Model (RCNM) and equipment noise levels at the source, and construction equipment information and on-site activity locations provided by the Applicant (see Appendix A for details). The off-hours noise levels were calculated based on the number and type of equipment operating simultaneously for each of the activities (i.e., mat foundation concrete pour, grading/excavation), and their location relative to the noise sensitive uses, as shown in the noise calculations provided in Appendix C. Potential off-hours construction noise levels from the off-hours construction activities were attenuated by distance and intervening barriers (i.e., existing temporary site perimeter construction sound wall, and/or the extent of the Project building construction height and density (as a barrier) at the time of each activity). These assumptions represent the worst- case off-hours noise scenario for the noise sensitive receptors. The estimated Project off-hours construction activity noise levels at the receptors were then analyzed against the off-hours construction noise standards established by Culver City, to determine whether an exceedance of allowable noise levels would occur.
4.2 Impact Thresholds
The off-hours construction noise level limits are based on Culver City noise standards for nighttime (10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.). Therefore, the Project off-hours construction maximum construction noise (Leq), estimated at the property line of the nearest noise sensitive receptor in Culver City, shall not exceed 50 dBA Leq (Culver City 1995) during the nighttime hours, as previously shown in Table 2. However, the measured hourly average ambient levels at R1 through R3 already exceeds the Culver City’s nighttime standard of 50 dBA Leq.3 As established in the Crossings Campus EIR, the applicable limit for construction noise is 5 dB over the existing ambient noise level.
3 Sensitive Receptor location R1 is located in the City of Los Angeles while locations R2 through R4 are located in Culver City. Nonetheless, impacts at R1 are analyzed using the same criteria as R2 through R4.
Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 15 August 2023
4.3 Project Impact Analysis
4.3.1 Noise
Project Design Features
Project design features (PDFs) NOI-PDF-1 through NOI-PDF-5 were identified previously in the Crossings Campus EIR and would reduce construction noise impacts. NOI-PDF-6 was added as a condition of off hours construction activities. The Project is subject to these PDFs and the noise analysis for off-hours construction activity noise incorporates implementation of the PDFs.
NOI-PDF-1 (Project Construction Schedule): Prior to issuance of a building permit, notice of the Project construction schedule will be provided to abutting property owners and occupants. Evidence of such notification will be provided to the appropriate department of City of Culver City and City of Los Angeles. The notice will identify the commencement date and proposed timing for all construction phases (demolition, grading, excavation/shoring, foundation, rough frame, plumbing, roofing, mechanical and electrical, and exterior finish).
NOI-PDF-2 (Use of Impact Pile Driver): The Project will not require or allow the use of impact pile drivers. Lower noise- and vibration-generating vibratory pile drivers and drills will be used.
NOI-PDF-3 (Construction Rules Sign): During all phases of construction, a “Construction Rules Sign” that includes contact names and telephone numbers, with 24- hour availability, of the Applicant, Property Owner, construction contractor(s) will be posted on the Property in a location that is visible to the public. In addition, appropriate staff person at both City of Los Angeles and City of Culver City will be notified for such incidences. These names and telephone numbers will also be made available to adjacent property owners and occupants to the satisfaction of the appropriate department (Planning Manager and/or Building Official) of both cities.
NOI-PDF-4 (Compliance with Noise Element): The following noise standards from Policy 2.A of the City’s General Plan Noise Element shall be complied with at all times:
A. No construction equipment will be operated without an exhaust muffler, and all such equipment will have mufflers and sound control devices (i.e., intake silencers and noise shrouds) that are no less effective than those provided on the original manufacturer supplied equipment;
B. All construction equipment will be properly maintained to minimize noise emissions; C. If any construction vehicles are serviced at an on-site location, the vehicle(s) will be setback from any street and other property lines so as to maintain a distance of at least 100 feet from the public right-of-way and from Noise Sensitive Receptors; D. Noise levels from stationary sources (i.e., mechanical equipment, ventilators, and air conditioning units) will be minimized by proper selection of equipment and the installation of parapets or other acoustical shielding as approved by the Planning Manager; and
E. The Project will not allow any delivery truck idling for more than 5 minutes in the loading area. Signs will be posted prohibiting such idling.
Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 16 August 2023 NOI-PDF-5 (Neighborhood Streets): No construction haul trucks, including concrete trucks, will be allowed to travel through neighborhood streets that are primarily residential uses.
NOI-PDF-6 (Use of Impact Pile Driver): Any drilling and shoring activities needed to conduct off-hours grading/excavation would be completed during the prior daytime and evening periods as was analyzed in the Crossings Campus EIR. Similarly, the foundations/concrete pour activities would utilize a vibratory pile driver during daytime and evening construction activities, but a vibratory pile driver would not be used during the off-hours time period. Any vibratory pile driving activities needed to conduct off- hours foundations/concrete pour activities would be completed during the prior daytime and evening periods as was analyzed in the Crossings Campus EIR Project Mitigation Measures
The following noise mitigation measures were identified previously in the Crossings Campus EIR and would reduce construction noise impacts. The Project is subject to these mitigation measures and the noise analysis for off-hours construction activity noise incorporates the noise reductions from implementation of the mitigation measures.
NOI-MM-1: Prior to the commencement of demolition, the Project shall provide a temporary 12-foot-tall construction fence equipped with noise blankets rated to achieve sound level reductions of at least 10 dBA along the northern and western boundaries of the Project Site, between the Project Site and the surrounding residences to the north and west. In addition, a temporary 6-foot-tall construction fence equipped with noise blankets rated to achieve sound level reductions of at least 5 dBA along the southern boundary along Washington Boulevard, between the Project Site and the residences to the south and east of the Project Site. Temporary noise barriers shall be used to block the line-of- sight between the construction equipment and the nearby noise-sensitive receptors during the duration of construction activities to the extent feasible. Standard construction protective fencing with green screen or pedestrian barricades for protective walkways shall be installed along property lines facing streets or commercial buildings. All temporary barriers, fences, and walls shall have gate access as needed for construction activities, deliveries, and site access by construction personnel. At Plan Check at City of Culver City and City of Los Angeles, the Applicant shall provide a study conducted by a noise expert that demonstrates the sound barriers would achieve these required dBA reductions. The study will include a fencing/sound barrier plan for City review.
NOI-MM-2: Contractors shall ensure that all construction equipment, fixed or mobile, are equipped with properly operating and maintained noise shielding and muffling devices, consistent with manufacturers’ standards. The construction contractor shall keep documentation on-site demonstrating that the equipment has been maintained in accordance with the manufacturers’ specifications. Most of the noise from construction equipment originates from the intake and exhaust portions of the engine cycle. According to FHWA, use of adequate mufflers systems can achieve reductions in noise levels of up to 10 dBA.4 The contractor shall use muffler systems that provide a minimum reduction of 8 dBA compared to the same equipment without an installed muffler system, reducing
4 FHWA, Special Report – Measurement, Prediction, and Mitigation, Chapter 4 Mitigation, last updated June 28, 2017, https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/Environment/noise/construction_noise/special_report/hcn04.cfm20. Accessed July 13, 2022.
Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 17 August 2023 maximum construction noise levels. The contractor shall also keep documentation on-site prepared by a noise consultant verifying compliance with this measure.
On-Site Construction Noise
The proposed off-hours construction activities would include grading/excavation and foundations/concrete pouring activities. The proposed off-hours construction activities would generally utilize fewer pieces and fewer types of construction equipment than was analyzed in the Crossings Campus EIR for the daytime and evening construction activities. For instance, while daytime and evening construction activities for grading/excavation would, at times, include the use of a drill rig for drilling and shoring purposes, a drill rig would not be used during the off- hours time period. Any drilling and shoring activities needed to conduct off-hours grading/excavation would be completed during the prior daytime and evening periods as was analyzed in the Crossings Campus EIR. Similarly, the foundations/concrete pour activities would utilize a vibratory pile driver during daytime and evening construction activities, but a vibratory pile driver would not be used during the off-hours time period. Any vibratory pile driving activities needed to conduct off-hours foundations/concrete pour activities would be completed during the prior daytime and evening periods as was analyzed in the Crossings Campus EIR.
Construction activity noise levels on the Project site and at the nearest receptor would vary depending on the particular type, number, duration of use, and location (distance and elevation) of the equipment for the concrete pours and grading/excavation activities.
Table 3, Off-Hours Construction Equipment Reference Noise Levels, shows the construction equipment type and number that would be used during off-hours construction activities, the reference noise level of the equipment, and the acoustical usage factor of the equipment, which are based on FHWA’s RNCM User’s Guide.5
TABLE 3
OFF-HOURS CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT REFERENCE NOISE LEVELS Construction Phase
Equipment Type
No. of
Equip.
Reference Noise
Level at 50ft, Lmax
Acoustical Usage
Factor (%)
Grading/Excavation
Excavator 2 81 40%
Vacuum Street Sweeper 2 82 10%
Foundations/Concrete Pour
Crane 1 81 16%
Forklift 1 75 10%
Concrete Mixer Truck 2 79 40%
Generator 1 81 50%
Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly
Crane 1 81 16%
Forklift 1 75 10%
Pickup Truck 1 75 40%
SOURCE: FHWA 2006, Culver Crossings Properties LLC, 2023.
5 Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Roadway Construction Noise Model User’s Guide, 2006.
Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 18 August 2023 During off-hours construction activities, the offsite noise sensitive receptor locations R1 through R4 would be exposed to the Project’s construction noise. The highest noise levels would be generated when multiple pieces of construction equipment are being operated simultaneously for the off-hours activities. The Project’s estimated off-hours construction noise levels were calculated for the maximum equipment required to operate simultaneously during the off-hours construction activities shown in Table 3.6
Table 4, Off-Hours Construction Noise Levels at Offsite Noise-Sensitive Receptors, shows the estimated construction noise levels that would occur at the nearest offsite noise sensitive uses (residential uses) at locations R1 through R4 during the off-hours construction activities at the Project site. The noise analysis incorporates noise attenuation provided by the distance between the Project site and the offsite noise sensitive uses and noise reduction from implementation of the mitigation measures in the Crossings Campus EIR.
TABLE 4
OFF-HOURS CONSTRUCTION NOISE LEVELS AT OFFSITE NOISE-SENSITIVE RECEPTORS Construction Phases
Sensitive Receptors
Estimated
Unmitigated
Average
Construction Noise
Levels (dBA Leq) a
Estimated Mitigated
Average Construction
Noise Levels (dBA Leq) a
Noise Threshold
(Ambient + 5
dBA) b c
Exceeds
Threshold?
Grading/Excavation
R1 – Ground Floors
R1 – Upper Floors
R2 – Ground Floors
R2 – Upper Floors
R3 – Ground Floors
R3 – Upper Floors
R4
53.4 53.4
61.1 61.1
53.9 53.9
49.3 35.4
45.4 43.1
53.1 35.9
45.9 31.3
60.7 60.7
68.7 68.7
64.4 64.4
64.4 No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Foundations/Concrete Pour
R1 – Ground Floors
R1 – Upper Floors
R2 – Ground Floors
R2 – Upper Floors
R3 – Ground Floors
R3 – Upper Floors
R4
51.8 51.8
59.2 59.2
52.5 52.5
48.1 33.8
43.8 41.2
51.2 34.5
44.5 30.1
54.6 54.6
58.7 58.7
57.5 57.5
57.5 No
No
No
No
No
No
No
6 Per the LAX South Airfield Improvement Project EIR, buildings with windows open would provide approximately 13 dBA exterior/interior noise reduction. The Crossings Campus EIR conservatively analyzed the impacts of construction activities of exterior sensitive receptors on upper floor balconies during daytime and evening hours as they could be regularly used during these time periods. This analysis assumes that during nighttime hours, the upper floor balconies would not be regularly used during the planned off hours construction activities between 2:00 a.m. and 5:00 a.m. With windows closed, the minimum exterior-to-interior noise attenuation for typical structures in California is approximately 25 to 30 dBA or potentially more with improved noise abatement materials or techniques. See: Gordon, C.G., W.J. Galloway, B.A. Kugler, and D.L. Nelson. NCHRP Report 117: Highway Noise: A Design Guide for Highway Engineers. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 1971. This analysis uses the 13 dBA exterior/interior noise reduction for buildings with windows open.
Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 19 August 2023 Construction Phases
Sensitive Receptors
Estimated
Unmitigated
Average
Construction Noise
Levels (dBA Leq) a
Estimated Mitigated
Average Construction
Noise Levels (dBA Leq) a
Noise Threshold
(Ambient + 5
dBA) b c
Exceeds
Threshold?
Tower Crane Erection/
Disassembly
R1 – Ground Floors
R1 – Upper Floors
R2 – Ground Floors
R2 – Upper Floors
R3 – Ground Floors
R3 – Upper Floors
R4
46.5 46.5
54.1 54.1
47.0 47.0
42.4 28.5
38.5 36.1
46.1 29.0
39.0 24.4
54.6 54.6
58.7 58.7
57.5 57.5
57.5 No
No
No
No
No
No
No
a Construction noise levels accounts for an exterior-to-interior noise attenuation rate of 13 dBA for buildings with windows open. b Existing measured ambient levels at the project and receptor site boundary, as shown in Table 1, already exceed these standards; therefore, the existing ambient levels (plus 5 dBA) are assumed to be the standards not to exceed (e.g., 62 dBA Leq measured on a weekday from 7:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m. is greater than the City’s daytime standard of 50 dBA Leq, therefore, the adjusted day standard for this weekday off-hour would be 67 dBA Leq).
c R4 is assumed to have a similar ambient noise environment as R3 and uses the same noise threshold .
SOURCE: ESA, 2023, Culver City 2015.
The Project off-hours construction noise levels were compared to the measured ambient noise levels to estimate the increase in ambient noise levels at the noise sensitive receptors at locations R1 through R4. As shown in Table 4, with implementation of applicable PDFs and mitigation measures, construction noise impacts from on-site sources associated with the off-hours construction activities would not exceed Culver City noise regulations, standards, and thresholds for any sensitive receptors, and impacts would be less than significant.
Off-Site Construction Noise
Construction haul trucks for demolition material and soil hauling would generate haul truck travel between the Project Site and the Azusa Land Reclamation Landfill, or one of a number of inert debris engineered fill operations that are located throughout the County. Note that any contaminated soil that is found during excavation is assumed to be diverted to the nearest available landfill that accepts such soil. Construction workers would also generate trips when arriving and departing the site. During off-hour nighttime construction, haul trucks and workers would travel to and from the site via I-10 to Venice Boulevard and would enter/exit the site along Venice Boulevard. To represent existing traffic noise levels during off-hours construction, the lowest hourly average noise level at receptor R1 was used.
As indicated in Table 5, Existing and Existing Plus Project Construction Vehicular Traffic Noise Levels, the Project’s concrete truck, vendor truck, and haul truck trips would increase existing traffic noise levels by a maximum of 4.0 dBA Leq along Venice Boulevard where noise-sensitive uses (e.g., residential uses) are located within a “normally acceptable” or “conditionally acceptable” category. This increase would be less than the significance threshold of an increase of 5 dBA Leq for construction noise. Note that the Project will also implement Project Design Feature NOI-PDF-5 from the Crossings Campus EIR, which would not allow construction haul trucks, concrete trucks, and vendor trucks to travel through neighborhood streets that are Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 20 August 2023 primarily residential uses. As demonstrated above, an exception to the Culver City Noise Ordinance for the Project’s night construction would not result in adverse noise impacts.
TABLE 5
EXISTING AND EXISTING PLUS PROJECT CONSTRUCTION VEHICULAR TRAFFIC NOISE LEVELS Roadway Segment Adjacent Land Use
Leq (dBA) a, b
Existingc
Existing +
Constructiond
Increase over
Existing
Venice Boulevard
Between Cattaraugus Ave and La Cienega Blvd Commercial / Residential 49.6 53.6 4.0 Between Helms Ave and Cattaraugus Ave Commercial / Residential 49.6 53.6 4.0 Between La Cienega Blvd and I-10 Westbound
Off-Ramp/Cadillac Ave
Commercial / Residential 49.6 53.6 4.0
Between National Blvd and Helms Ave Commercial / Residential 49.6 53.6 4.0 East of I-10 Westbound Off-Ramp/Cadillac Ave Commercial / Residential 49.6 53.6 4.0 a Calculated based on existing traffic volumes provided by Fehr & Peers, July 2022. Values are rounded to the nearest tenth decimal place. The distance from roadside receiver traffic noise level to roadway centerline was estimated using Web -based satellite imaging for each roadway segment analyzed.
b Residential roadway segments where haul trucks would not travel were removed. c The existing traffic noise level is represented by the lowest hourly aver age noise level at receptor R1, which is the closest receptor to the haul route.
d Per the LAX South Airfield Improvement Project EIR, buildings with windows open would provide approximately 13 dBA exterior/i nterior noise reduction.
SOURCE: ESA, 2023.
Sleep Disturbance
This noise analysis is carried out to address the potential sleep disturbance using the Sound Exposure Level (SEL). The SEL noise descriptor is a metric that represents all the acoustic energy (a.k.a. sound pressure) of an individual noise event as if that event had occurred within a one-second time period. SEL captures both the level (magnitude) and the duration of a sound event in a single numerical quantity, by “squeezing” all the noise energy from an event into one second. This provides a uniform way to make comparisons among noise events of various durations.7 It should be noted that the SEL analysis with respect to potential sleep disturbance is mainly applicable to aviation related noises. However, the potential for sleep disruption from noise is based on the noise level, and not the source of the noise, the SEL analysis is applicable to nighttime construction noise. Currently, the City has no noise standard, or limit, to address traffic noise impacts on sleep (sleep disturbance), using the SEL noise descriptor. Therefore, the recommended SEL noise limit from the LAX South Airfield Improvement Project EIR (LAX EIR) was used to evaluate potential sleep disturbance for the Project, which specified a maximum 81 dBA SEL at the interior of the residence. Per the LAX EIR, buildings with windows open would provide approximately 13 dBA exterior/interior noise reduction.8 Therefore, based on the
7 Federal Aviation Administration, Fundamentals of Noise and Sound, March 29, 2022. https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/policy_guidance/noise/basics, accessed August 21, 2023. 8 With windows closed, the minimum exterior-to-interior noise attenuation for typical structures in California is approximately 25 to 30 dBA or potentially more with improved noise abatement materials or techniques. See:
Gordon, C.G., W.J. Galloway, B.A. Kugler, and D.L. Nelson. NCHRP Report 117: Highway Noise: A Design Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 21 August 2023 interior noise limit of 81 dBA SEL and typical noise reduction of building with window open of 13 dBA, the maximum exterior noise limit would be 94 dBA SEL, threshold for the sleep disturbance to occur. The estimated SEL was estimated by using the calculated Lmax noise levels associated with concurrent operation of offroad construction equipment and haul/concrete trucks by each construction phase (grading/excavation and foundations/concrete pour). As shown in Table 6, Off-Hours Construction Noise Levels at Offsite Noise-Sensitive Receptors – SEL Analysis, the estimated SEL at the interior of the residence, with the window opens (worst-case noise scenario) would be approximately 46.8 to 75.1 dBA SEL with mitigation incorporated, which would be below the 81 dBA SEL interior noise limits. Therefore, no adverse sleep disturbance impacts would occur.
TABLE 6
OFF-HOURS CONSTRUCTION NOISE LEVELS AT OFFSITE NOISE-SENSITIVE RECEPTORS – SEL ANALYSIS Construction Phases
Sensitive Receptors
Estimated
Unmitigated Average
Construction Noise
Levels (dBA Lmax) a
Estimated Mitigated
Average Construction
Noise Levels (dBA
Lmax)
Noise Threshold
(SEL Interior) b, c
Exceeds
Threshold?
Grading/Excavation
R1 – Ground Floors
R1 – Upper Floors
R2 – Ground Floors
R2 – Upper Floors
R3 – Ground Floors
R3 – Upper Floors
R4
58.3 58.3
65.3 65.3
59.5 59.5
55.5 40.3
58.3 47.3
65.3 41.5
59.5 37.5
81.0 81.0
81.0 81.0
81.0 81.0
81.0 No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Foundations/Concrete Pour
R1 – Ground Floors
R1 – Upper Floors
R2 – Ground Floors
R2 – Upper Floors
R3 – Ground Floors
R3 – Upper Floors
R4
56.5 56.5
63.5 63.5
57.3 57.3
53.3 38.5
56.5 45.5
63.5 39.3
57.3 35.3
81.0 81.0
81.0 81.0
81.0 81.0
81.0 No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Tower Crane Erection/
Disassembly
R1 – Ground Floors
R1 – Upper Floors
R2 – Ground Floors
R2 – Upper Floors
R3 – Ground Floors
R3 – Upper Floors
R4
54.5 54.5
62.1 62.1
56.0 56.0
51.2 36.5
54.5 44.1
62.1 38.0
56.0 33.2
81.0 81.0
81.0 81.0
81.0 81.0
81.0 No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Guide for Highway Engineers. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 1971.
Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 22 August 2023 a Per the LAX South Airfield Improvement Project EIR, buildings with windows open would provide approximately 13 dBA exterior/i nterior noise reduction.
b Existing measured ambient levels at the project and receptor site boundary, as shown in Table 1, already exceed these standards; therefore, the existing ambient levels (plus 5 dBA) are assumed to be the standards not to exceed (e.g., 62 dBA Leq measured on a weekday from 7:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m. is greater than the City’s daytime standard of 50 dBA Leq, therefore, the adjusted day standard for this weekday off-hour would be 67 dBA Leq).
c R4 is assumed to have a similar ambient noise environment as R3 and uses the same noise threshold.
SOURCE: ESA, 2023, Culver City 2015.
4.3.2 Air Quality
In addition to noise, the Project’s night construction would generate air pollutant emissions associated with the night construction activities (i.e., concrete pours, soil excavation and hauling, and crane assembly and dismantling). The analysis below estimates the emissions from the night construction activities and the potential to result in air quality impacts, when combined with the daily emissions estimated in the Crossings Campus EIR.
Air Quality Background
Air Quality and Public Health
Certain air pollutants have been recognized to cause notable health problems and consequential damage to the environment either directly or in reaction with other pollutants, due to their presence in elevated concentrations in the atmosphere. Such pollutants have been identified and regulated as part of an overall endeavor to prevent further deterioration and to facilitate improvement in air quality. The National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and California Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) have been set at levels considered safe to protect public health, including the health of sensitive populations such as asthmatics, children, and the elderly with a margin of safety, and to protect public welfare, including protection against decreased visibility and damage to animals, crops, vegetation, and buildings.9 As the scientific methods for the study of air pollution health effects have progressed over the past decades, adverse effects have been shown to occur at lower levels of exposure. For some pollutants, no clear thresholds for effects have been demonstrated. New findings over time have, in turn, led to the revision and lowering of NAAQS which, in the judgment of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), are necessary to protect public health. Ongoing assessments of the scientific evidence from health studies continue to be an important part of setting and informing revisions to federal and state air quality standards.10 At the regional level, the SCAQMD is the regulatory agency responsible for improving air quality for large areas of Los Angeles, Orange County, Riverside and San Bernardino Counties, including the Coachella Valley.11 Culver City and Los Angeles are located within the South Coast Air Basin (Air Basin) which is a distinct geographic subarea within the SCAQMD’s jurisdiction. The SCAQMD, together with the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG), has the responsibility for ensuring that national and State ambient air quality standards are achieved and maintained for the Air Basin. Failure to comply with these standards puts State and local agencies at risk for penalties in the form of lawsuits, fines, a federal takeover of state
9 USEPA, NAAQS Table, https://www.epa.gov/criteria-air-pollutants/naaqs-table. Accessed July 8, 2022. 10 South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD), Final 2016 AQMP, 2017. Appendix I-69. 11 SCAQMD, Map of Jurisdiction, 1999.
Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 23 August 2023 implementation plans, and a loss of funds from federal agencies such as the Federal Highway Administration and Federal Transit Administration.
To meet the air quality standards, regional plans are developed, including the SCAQMD’s AQMP, which incorporates regional demographic projections and integrated regional land use and transportation strategies from SCAG’s Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS). These plans work together to examine multiple pollutants, cumulative effects, and transport issues related to attaining healthful air quality in the region. In addition, a host of regulatory standards at the federal, State, regional, and local level function to identify and limit exposure of air pollutants and toxic air contaminants (TACs).
Local Air Quality and Air Pollution Sources
As mentioned previously, Culver City and Los Angeles are located South Coast Air Basin, which is an approximately 6,745-square-mile area bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west; the San Gabriel, San Bernardino, and San Jacinto Mountains to the north and east; and San Diego County to the south. The Air Basin includes all of Orange County and the non-desert portions of Los Angeles, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties, in addition to the Coachella Valley area in Riverside County. The regional climate within the Air Basin is considered semi-arid and is characterized by warm summers, mild winters, infrequent seasonal rainfall, moderate daytime onshore breezes, and moderate humidity. The air quality within the Air Basin is primarily influenced by meteorology and a wide range of emissions sources, such as dense population centers, heavy vehicular traffic, and industry.
The Air Basin experiences a persistent temperature inversion (increasing temperature with increasing altitude) as a result of the Pacific high. This inversion limits the vertical dispersion of air contaminants, holding them relatively near the ground. As the sun warms the ground and the lower air layer, the temperature of the lower air layer approaches the temperature of the base of the inversion (upper) layer until the inversion layer finally breaks, allowing vertical mixing with the lower layer. This phenomenon is observed in mid to late afternoons on hot summer days.
Winter inversions frequently break by midmorning.
The combination of stagnant wind conditions and low inversions produces the greatest pollutant concentrations. On days of no inversion or high wind speeds, ambient air pollutant concentrations are lowest. During periods of low inversions and low wind speeds, air pollutants generated in urbanized areas are transported predominantly onshore into Riverside and San Bernardino Counties. In the winter, the greatest pollution problem is the accumulation of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) due to low inversions and air stagnation during the night and early morning hours. In the summer, the longer daylight hours and the brighter sunshine combine to cause a reaction between hydrocarbons and NOX to form photochemical smog.
Air pollutant emissions within the Air Basin are generated primarily by stationary and mobile sources. Stationary sources can be divided into two major subcategories: point and area sources.
Point sources occur at a specific location and are often identified by an exhaust vent or stack.
Examples include boilers or combustion equipment that produce electricity or generate heat. Area sources are widely distributed and include such sources as residential and commercial water Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 24 August 2023 heaters, painting operations, lawn mowers, agricultural fields, landfills, and some consumer products. Mobile sources refer to emissions from motor vehicles, including tailpipe and evaporative emissions, and are classified as either on-road or off-road. On-road sources may be legally operated on roadways and highways. Off-road sources include aircraft, ships, trains, and self-propelled construction equipment. Air pollutants can also be generated by the natural environment, such as when high winds suspend fine dust particles.
Project Mitigation Measure
The following air quality mitigation measure was identified previously in the Crossings Campus EIR and would reduce construction air quality impacts. Project construction, including construction during the extended hours, is subject to the following mitigation measure, and the air quality analysis for off-hours construction activity incorporates the emissions reductions from implementation of the mitigation measure.
AQ-MM-1: Construction Equipment Features. The Project shall implement the following construction equipment features for equipment operating at the Project Site.
These features shall be included in applicable bid documents, and successful contractor(s) must demonstrate the ability to supply such equipment. Construction features shall include the following:
• During plan check, the Project’s representative shall make available to the lead agency and South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) a comprehensive inventory of all off-road construction equipment, equal to or greater than 50 horsepower, that shall be used during any of the construction phases. The inventory shall include the horsepower rating, engine production year, and certification of the specified Tier standard. A copy of each such unit’s certified tier specification, best available control technology (BACT) documentation, and CARB or SCAQMD operating permit shall be maintained on-site at the time of mobilization of each applicable unit of equipment. Off-road diesel-powered equipment equal to or greater than 50 horsepower that will be used during any portion of the construction activities shall meet or exceed the Tier 4 Final standards. Such equipment will be outfitted with Best Available Control Technology (BACT) devices, including a CARB-certified Level 3 Diesel Particulate Filter or equivalent. Alternate construction equipment may be used if the construction contractor can document that the equipment would achieve the same or greater NOx reductions compared to Tier 4 Final standards. Construction contractors supplying heavy duty diesel equipment greater than 50 horsepower shall be encouraged to apply for SCAQMD SOON funds.
Information including the SCAQMD website shall be provided to each contractor which uses heavy duty diesel for on-site construction activities. • During demolition, site preparation, and grading and excavation activities, the contractor shall provide notification and documentation that haul truck drivers have received training regarding idling limitations specified in Title 13 California Code of Regulations, Section 2485. During construction, trucks and vehicles in loading and unloading queues shall have their engines turned off after 5 minutes when not in use, to reduce vehicle emissions.
• Contractors shall maintain and operate construction equipment so as to minimize exhaust emissions. All construction equipment must be properly tuned and Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 25 August 2023 maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. The contractor shall keep documentation on-site demonstrating that the equipment has been maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. Tampering with construction equipment to increase horsepower or to defeat emission control devices shall be prohibited.
• Construction activities shall be discontinued during an Air Quality Index (AQI) of 151 or more (unhealthy level). A record of any AQI at an unhealthy level and of discontinued construction activities as applicable shall be maintained by the Contractor on-site.
Construction Emissions
Regional Emissions
A significant impact may occur if a project would add a cumulatively considerable contribution of a federal or State non-attainment pollutant. The Air Basin is currently in non-attainment for O3, PM10, PM2.5, and lead (which is only in non-attainment for the Los Angeles County portion of the Basin).12 SCAQMD methodology recommends that significance thresholds be used to determine the potential cumulative impacts to regional air quality along with a project’s consistency with the current AQMP.
SCAQMD has established numerical significance thresholds for construction activities. The numerical thresholds are based on the recognition that the Air Basin is a distinct geographic area with a critical air pollution problem for which ambient air quality standards have been promulgated to protect public health.13 Given that construction impacts are temporary and limited to the construction phase, SCAQMD has established numerical significance thresholds specific to construction activity. Based on the thresholds in the SCAQMD CEQA Air Quality Handbook, the Project would potentially result in a significant impact of a federal or State non-attainment pollutant if emissions of O3 precursors (VOC and NOx), PM10, or PM2.5 would exceed the values shown in Table 7, SCAQMD Regional Emissions Thresholds (pounds per day).14 TABLE 7
SCAQMD REGIONAL EMISSIONS THRESHOLDS (POUNDS PER DAY)
Activity VOC NOx CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5
Construction 75 100 550 150 150 55
SOURCE: SCAQMD, SCAQMD Air Quality Significance Thresholds, April 2019.
Table 8, Estimated Maximum Mitigated Regional Construction Emissions (Pounds per Day), shows the combined regional daily emissions from daytime and evening construction, as analyzed
12 SCAQMD has the Partial Nonattainment designation – Los Angeles County portion of the Basin resulted from localized emissions from the two sources in the City of Vernon and the City of Industry that are no longer in operation. It is expected that this area would receive redesignation to attainment based on current monitoring data.
SCAQMD, National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and California Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) Attainment Status for South Coast Air Basin.
13 SCAQMD, CEQA Air Quality Handbook 1993, http://www.aqmd.gov/home/regulations/ceqa/air-quality-analysis- handbook/ceqa-air-quality-handbook-(1993). Accessed August 1, 2023. 14 SCAQMD, Air Quality Significance Thresholds, April 2019.
Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 26 August 2023 in the Crossings Campus EIR, and off-hours construction activities. As shown in Table 8, the off- hours construction, when combined with daytime and evening construction. would not result in an exceedance of regional emissions thresholds for any criteria pollutant, and impacts would be less than significant.
TABLE 8
ESTIMATED MAXIMUM MITIGATED REGIONAL CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS (POUNDS PER DAY) a Source VOC NOX CO SO2 PM10b PM2.5b
Construction Sub-Phases
Grading/Excavation 1 3 12 <0.1 3 <1
Foundations/Concrete Pour 1 1 10 <0.1 1 <1
Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly <0.1 <1 3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Maximum Daily Emissions – EIR (Overlapping Phases) 38 92 125 <1 8 4 Combined Emissions
Maximum Daily Emissions – EIR + Grading/Excavation 39 95 137 <1 11 4 Maximum Daily Emissions – EIR + Foundations/Concrete Pour 39 93 135 <1 9 4 Maximum Daily Emissions – EIR + Tower Crane
Erection/Disassembly 38 92 128 <1 8 4
Maximum Daily Emissions – EIR + Off-Hours Construction 39 95 137 <1 11 4 SCAQMD Thresholds of Significance 75 100 550 150 150 55 Exceeds Thresholds? No No No No No No
a Totals may not add up exactly due to rounding in the modeling calculations. Detailed emissions calculations are provided in Appendix D.
b Emissions include fugitive dust control measures consistent with SCAQMD Rule 403.
SOURCE: ESA, 2023.
Localized Significance Thresholds
In addition, SCAQMD has developed a methodology to assess the potential for localized emissions to cause an exceedance of applicable ambient air quality standards or ambient concentration limits. Impacts would be considered significant if the following would occur:
• Maximum daily localized emissions of NOx and/or CO during construction or operation are greater than the applicable localized significance thresholds, resulting in predicted ambient concentrations in the vicinity of the Project Site greater than the most stringent ambient air quality standards for NO2 of 0.18 ppm over one hour and 0.03 ppm annually and/or CO of 20 ppm over one hour and nine ppm over eight hours.15
• Maximum daily localized emissions of PM10 and/or PM2.5 during construction are greater than the applicable localized significance thresholds, resulting in predicted ambient concentrations in the vicinity of the Project Site to exceed 10.4 μg/m3 over 24 hours (SCAQMD Rule 403 control requirement).
15 SCAQMD, Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology, June 2003 and revised July 2008.
Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 27 August 2023 • Maximum daily localized emissions of PM10 and/or PM2.5 during operation are greater than the applicable localized significance thresholds, resulting in predicted ambient concentrations in the vicinity of the Project Site to exceed 2.5 μg/m3 over 24 hours (SCAQMD Rule 1303 allowable change in concentration).
• The following conditions would occur at an intersection or roadway within one-quarter mile of a sensitive receptor:
– The Project would cause or contribute to an exceedance of the CAAQS one-hour or eight-hour CO standards of 20 or 9.0 ppm, respectively. – Where the CO standard is exceeded at the intersection, a project would result in a significant impact if the incremental increase due to the project is equal to or greater than
1.0 ppm for the California one-hour CO standard, or 0.45 ppm for the eight-hour CO standard.
SCAQMD has established screening criteria that can be used to determine the maximum allowable daily emissions that would satisfy the localized significance thresholds and therefore not cause or contribute to an exceedance of the applicable ambient air quality standards or ambient concentration limits without project-specific dispersion modeling.16 This analysis uses the screening criteria to evaluate impacts from localized emissions where applicable.
Table 9, Estimated Maximum Unmitigated Localized Construction Emissions (Pounds per Day), shows the combined localized daily emissions from daytime construction, as analyzed in the EIR, and off-hours construction activities. As shown in Table 9, the off-hours construction, when combined with daytime and evening construction would not result in any exceedance of localized emissions thresholds for any criteria pollutant and impacts would be less than significant.
TABLE 9
ESTIMATED MAXIMUM UNMITIGATED LOCALIZED CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS (POUNDS PER DAY) a
Source NOX CO PM10b PM2.5b
Construction Phases
Grading/Excavation 1 7 2 <1
Foundations/Concrete Pour <1 5 1 <1
Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly <1 3 <1 <1
Maximum Daily Emissions - EIR (overlapping construction) 88 90 6 4 Combined Emissions
Maximum Daily Emissions – EIR + Grading/Excavation 89 97 8 4 Maximum Daily Emissions – EIR + Foundations/Concrete Pour 88 95 7 4 Maximum Daily Emissions – Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly 88 93 6 4 Maximum Daily Emissions – EIR + Off-Hours Construction 89 97 8 4 SCAQMD Thresholds of Significance c 208 1,404 12 6
Exceeds Thresholds? No No No No
16 SCAQMD, Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology, June 2003 and revised July 2008.
Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 28 August 2023 Source NOX CO PM10b PM2.5b
a Totals may not add up exactly due to rounding in the modeling calculations. Detailed emissions calculations are provided in Appendix D.
b Emissions include fugitive dust control measures consistent with SCAQMD Rule 403. c The SCAQMD LSTs are based on Source Receptor Area 2 (Northwest Los Angeles County Coastal) for a 4.46 -acre site with sensitive receptors with the nearest sensitive receptor within 25 meters from the Project Site.
SOURCE: ESA, 2023.
4.3.3 Lighting
In addition to noise, the Project’s night construction would include lighting equipment (i.e., tower portable lights) associated with the night construction activities (i.e., concrete pours and soil excavation).
Lighting Terminology
Lighting is defined as the state of illumination. Illuminance is the measure of emitted light falling on a surface; luminance is the measure of light reflected or emitted by it. The intensity of outdoor artificial lighting is selected based on its designed use (i.e., security, safety, visibility, or construction/maintenance) during periods of low or no natural light. Illuminance is typically measured in units of light intensity as foot-candles (fc)—the illuminance of one candle on a one square foot surface, located one foot away.
Glare is defined as offensive or undesirable light resulting from an excessively high contrast between a light source and its surrounding background. Glare can result in visual discomfort and reduce the ability to see objects. Glare usually results from a direct line-of-sight with an unshielded lighting source (lamp) from vehicles, streets, parking areas, building and site security, or entertainment/sporting venues. Glare can be controlled by proper design, location, and height of light fixtures and their light output.
Light trespass or spill light is unwanted light outside of the area intended to be illuminated by the lighting source. Light trespass is typically an undesirable condition, where surface illumination extends beyond the designed area of illumination; e.g., light spills from the source property onto an adjacent property. Like glare, light trespass can be controlled by the location and height of the lighting pole in addition to the shielding and glare control of the light source.
Lighting Design Considerations
The proposed lighting design contains design performance measures to reduce glare and light trespass, including appropriate lighting pole height and location, and lamp shielding. Appendix E, Lighting Calculation Report, of this report illustrates the proposed lighting program components and temporary lighting locations. As discussed therein, twelve (12) 35'-0" tall poles would be located on the sides of the Project Site, as shown on page 2, View 1_Project Illuminance Plan. Each pole would consist of (5) LED 21 beam floodlights, each at 303 watts and 33316 lumens and 180° glare shield. Fixtures would be tilted between 30 and 70 degrees above nadir. The construction area would be illuminated to an average of 10 footcandles or Section 4. Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 29 August 2023 higher. Temporary fencing around the construction area was considered in the analysis. The Project would provide a temporary 12-foot-tall construction fence along the northern and western boundaries of the Project Site. In addition, a temporary 6-foot-tall construction fence would be located along the southern boundary along Washington Boulevard, between the Project Site and the residences to the south and east of the Project Site.
Pole heights for the Project’s night construction would meet industry standards for lighting this type of activity. Strategic placement of the poles in relation to the activities (concrete pouring) is key to the proper lighting of the site in relation to the neighboring properties. Lamp sources would vary in multiple combinations based on the luminance level requirements of the site facilities. The proposed lighting would include external shielding reflectors to provide light shielding and glare control, decreasing the visibility of these high intensity lamps. The reflector and visor system would reduce light spill by 50 percent. Lighting would be strategically located and aimed toward the targeted construction areas of the project site with visor shields. The lighting calculation figures for the Project are provided in Appendix E.
Lighting Analysis
As discussed above, the proposed lighting plan would use appropriate lighting design controls, including lamp type, pole location and height, and light shields and visors, that would reduce the potential for light trespass and glare off-site. Project lighting fixtures would direct light toward the interior of the site. The lighting design would prevent disability glare (i.e., reduction of the ability to see or identify objects). Glare and light spill would be minimized based on the design criteria.
The Project’s construction lighting equipment may generate light trespass and/or glare on the project site; however, the glare, light trespass and illuminance at the nearest residence in Culver City would be very low and lighting levels would not surpass the light trespass illuminance limit of 0.74 fc at a residential property line, established in Cal Green’s 2016 lluminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) handbook, 10th Edition, Table 4-2 Lighting Zone 3. This threshold is used to determine lighting impacts in absence of a quantitative threshold by the City of Culver City for temporary construction-related lighting. As shown in Appendix D, the maximum off-site lighting level at a residential property would be 0.71 fc (across National Boulevard to the southwest), which is below the 0.74 fc threshold.
Also, it is acknowledged that the Project meets the criteria set forth in PRC Section 21099(d) and per Senate Bill (SB) 743, making it exempt from findings of significance related to aesthetic impacts, including light and glare impacts as described in the CEQA Guidelines Appendix G questions used by the City as thresholds of significance related to aesthetics.
Based on the above, a TUP allowing an exception from the Culver City Noise Ordinance for the Project’s night construction would not result in adverse lighting impacts.
Crossings Campus Project ESA / D202100410.00
Noise Analysis Report for Off-Hours Construction 30 August 2023 SECTION 5
References
Alice Sutter and Associates, 2002. Construction Noise: Exposure Effects, and the Potential for Remediation: A Review and Analysis. Table V. Median 1-min Sound Levels in Leq by Equipment/Tool. AIHA Journal (63), November/December. Available at https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/noisehearingconservation/construction.html.
Culver City (Culver City), 1995. General Plan Noise Element.
Gordon, C.G., W.J. Galloway, B.A. Kugler, and D.L. Nelson. NCHRP Report 117: Highway Noise: A Design Guide for Highway Engineers. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 1971
Environmental Science Associates (ESA), 2017. 8825 National Boulevard Mitigated Negative Declaration, March.
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), 2006. Roadway Construction Noise Model User’s Guide.
Federal Transit Administration (FTA), 2018. Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual, September.
Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA), 2005. South Airfield Improvement Project EIR, August.
Available at: https://www.lawa.org/-/media/lawa-web/lawa-our-lax/saip_draftier_volume-
1.ashx
Timeanddate.com, 2019. Culver City, California – Sunrise, Sunset, and Daylength. Available at https://www.timeanddate.com/sun/usa/culver-city?month=2&year=2020 Wilson Ihring Acoustics, Noise & Vibration (Wilson Ihrig) 2018. Brick and Machine Development Project 8825 National Boulevard, Culver City Draft Construction Nosie and Vibration Monitoring Plan, Revision B, May 20.
Project Understanding
The proposed off-hours Project construction activities are based on information and data provided to ESA from the Applicant and General Contractor (Hathaway Dinwiddie) via email and phone conversations, and Project Site observations via Google Earth. To ensure the highest quality of the concrete structure and to reduce the overall impact to the surrounding communities during peak hours activities, the Applicant requests permission and provides justification for the Project construction activities described below to be performed off-hours. The extended hours would minimize impact to the project area during peak hours by reducing construction related traffic. Hathaway Dinwiddie requests permission for the following Project construction activities to be performed off-hours:
• Mass Excavation (5:00 a.m. Start Only):
– Phase 1: 85 Days; estimated 75 trucks per day
– Phase 2: 147 Days; estimated 89 trucks per day
• Concrete foundation pours
– Total Mat Pours
▪ Phase 1: 4 Days; estimated 200 concrete trucks per day ▪ Phase 2: 7 Days; estimated 200 concrete trucks per day • Elevated Deck Pours
– Total Elevated Deck Pours
▪ Phase 1: 30 Days; estimated 40 concrete trucks per day ▪ Phase 2: 54 Days; estimated 40 concrete trucks per day • Tower Crane Erection and Dismantle
– Phase 1: 6 days (3 days continuous activity for erection and dismantle) – Phase 2: 6 days (3 days continuous activity for erection and dismantle) – Requires partial and/or full closure of Venice Blvd for staging.
The extended hours would minimize impact to the project area during peak hours by significantly reducing construction related traffic.
The City’s Municipal Code (noise ordinance) states that construction activity shall be prohibited, except between the hours of 7:00 A.M. and 7:00 P.M. Mondays through Fridays; 9:00 A.M. and 7:00 P.M. Saturdays City of Culver City. The Project’s off-hours activities would occur from 5:00am for soils export to 7:00 p.m. on weekdays and 7:00 a.m. to7:00 p.m. Saturdays. Therefore, the Client is proposing an off-hours construction work plan to the city to obtain a TUP to the City’s noise ordinance to conduct project construction activities outside of the allowable construction hours of City’s noise ordinance. The Client has requested that ESA assist in the submittal by completing an off- hours noise study and updated environmental review of the proposed off-hours construction work to support submittal of the TUP application to the City for approval at the soonest possible bi-monthly City Council Hearing.
The Project’s off-hours work would generate noise similar during the City’s daytime period. To mitigate noise levels at adjacent residential locations (including the Ivy Station development) contractor will implement the following temporary measures (see Exhibit A) during construction to reduce to reduce project construction noise (by 10 dB or more) generated on the Project Site to the nearest noise sensitive receptors. The noise impact analysis is based on the City’s established noise level limits of the Noise Element of the City’s 1975 General Plan, which establishes a daytime (7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.) hourly average noise level limit of 55 dBA Leq and a maximum noise level limit of 70 dBA Lmax at a residential property line (City 1975). (see Appendix A):
- Install a 12’H temporary pedestrian covered walkway with STC 25 sound wall blankets located at at the West Elevation (National Blvd.).
- Install 12’H tall perimeter barricade at the South elevation (adjacent to 8777 Washington Blvd.) w/ STC 25 sound wall blankets.
- Install 12’H tall perimeter barricade at the North elevation (Venice Blvd) w/ STC 25 sound wall blankets w/ access gates.
- Install 6’H tall perimeter barricade at the South Elevation (partial Washington Blvd.) w/ STC 25 sound wall blankets.
Project Description
The proposed off-hours Project construction activities are detailed in Hathaway Dinwiddie Construction Company Construction Management submitted to the City of Culver City requesting an extended hours permit. The off-hours mat foundation pours, elevated deck concrete pours and export of mass excavations would include the operation of a 5-yard loader, bottom dump truck and trailer transporter, concrete pumps, concrete trucks, a crane and generators. The off-hours tower crane erections/disassemble would include the operation of a mobile crane, forklift, and flatbed delivery truck(s). The off-hours construction activities would require additional artificial lighting equipment (e.g., portable light towers) during off-hours at the Project Site, as the lighting provided by the existing streetlights and natural sunlight (sunrise at approximately 5:30 – 6:50 a.m. September 2023 – September 2025 (time and date per project schedule 6/13/23)) would not be sufficient lighting for the off-hours work, as determined by the Contractor.
The off-hours Project construction work would occur within the designated work off Venice Blvd. adjacent to the Project Site as discussed and shown in Exhibit A. The mat foundation and elevated deck concrete pours would include a total of 12 active concrete trucks at the Project Site for mat foundations, 4 active concrete trucks for elevated concrete decks with two or six trucks (depending type of placement) at the hopper discharging concrete and two or four (depending type of placement) waiting in the queue, and
one to three concrete pumps at any given time within the designated work area of each placement. The tower crane would be erected and disassembled within the designated work area of Venice Boulevard.
The Project off-hours construction activities would occur over variable day events beginning at 7:00 a.m. or 9:00 a.m., depending upon the day of the week (weekday or weekend) and the activity (mass excavation, mat foundation concrete pours, elevated deck concrete pours, and tower crane erection/disassembly).
Summary
File Name on Meter
R1
File Name on PC
Serial Number
0007058
Model
SoundTrack LxT®
Firmware Version
2.404
User
Location
Curts Avenue & Venice Booulevard
Job Description
Note
Measurement
Description
Start
2023-05-30 19:08:37
Stop
2023-05-31 07:10:36
Duration
12:01:59.3
Run Time
12:01:59.3
Pause
00:00:00.0
Pre-Calibration
2023-05-30 13:29:25
Post-Calibration
None
Calibration Deviation
---
Overall Settings
RMS Weight
A Weighting
Peak Weight
A Weighting
Detector
Slow
Preamplifier
PRMLxT1
Microphone Correction
Off
Integration Method
Exponential
Overload
143.7
dB
A
C
Z
Under Range Peak
99.6 96.6
101.6
dB
Under Range Limit
36.8 36.5
43.5 dB
Noise Floor
27.7 27.4
34.4 dB
First
Second
Third
Instrument Identification
Results
LA
Seq
57.5 dB
LASE
103.9
dB
EAS
2.707
mPa²h
EAS8
1.799
mPa²h
EAS40
8.997
mPa²h
LA
peak (max)
2023-05-30 19:08:40
103.5
dB
LAS
max
2023-05-30 22:52:46
89.6 dB
LAS
min
2023-05-31 03:27:38
39.4 dB
SEA
-99.9
dB
Exceedance Counts
LAS > 85.0 dB
1 2.6
s
LAS > 115.0 dB
0 0.0
s
LA
peak
> 135.0 dB
0 0.0
s
LA
peak
> 137.0 dB
0 0.0
s
LA
peak
> 140.0 dB
0 0.0
s
LC
Seq
68.0 dB
LA
Seq
57.5 dB
LC
Se
q - L
AS
eq
10.5 dB
LAI
eq
60.3 dB
LA
eq
57.5 dB
LAI
eq
- LA
eq
2.8 dB
Duration
LxT_0007058-20230530 190837-LxT_Data.016.ldbin
dB
Time Stamp
dB
Time Stamp
dB
Time Stamp
L
eq
57.5 L
S(max)
89.6 2023/05/30 22:52:46
L
S(min)
39.4 2023/05/31 3:27:38
L
Peak(max)
103.5
2023/05/30 19:08:40
Overload Count
0 Overload Duration
0.0 s
Dose Settings
Dose Name
OSHA-1
OSHA-2
Exchange Rate
5 5
dB
Threshold
90 80
dB
Criterion Level
90 90
dB
Criterion Duration
8 8
h
Results
Dose
-99.94
0.01 %
Projected Dose
-99.94
0.01 %
TWA (Projected)
-99.9
20.6 dB
TWA (t)
-99.9
23.5 dB
Lep (t)
59.3 59.3
dB
Statistics
LAS 5.00
61.9 dB
LAS 10.00
60.5 dB
LAS 33.30
56.5 dB
LAS 50.00
54.3 dB
LAS 66.60
51.5 dB
LAS 90.00
45.6 dB
A
C
Z
Summary
File Name on Meter
LxT_Data.001.s
File Name on PC
Serial Number
0007057
Model
SoundTrack LxT®
Firmware Version
2.404
User
Location
R2
Job Description
Note
Measurement
Description
Start
2023-05-30 14:38:56
Stop
2023-05-31 14:23:48
Duration
23:44:52.2
Run Time
23:44:52.2
Pause
00:00:00.0
Pre-Calibration
2020-08-03 23:14:37
Post-Calibration
None
Calibration Deviation
---
Overall Settings
RMS Weight
A Weighting
Peak Weight
A Weighting
Detector
Slow
Preamplifier
PRMLxT2B
Microphone Correction
Off
Integration Method
Exponential
Overload
144.5
dB
A
C
Z
Under Range Peak
100.8
97.8 102.8
dB
Under Range Limit
39.1 38.6
45.5 dB
Noise Floor
29.9 29.5
36.3 dB
First
Second
Third
Instrument Identification
Results
LA
Seq
66.3 dB
LASE
115.6
dB
EAS
40.521
mPa²h
EAS8
13.651
mPa²h
EAS40
68.253
mPa²h
LA
peak (max)
2023-05-31 13:33:09
110.7
dB
LAS
max
2023-05-31 13:58:36
97.1 dB
LAS
min
2023-05-31 04:00:23
46.0 dB
SEA
-99.9
dB
Exceedance Counts
LAS > 85.0 dB
13 35.6
s
LAS > 115.0 dB
0 0.0
s
LA
peak
> 135.0 dB
0 0.0
s
LA
peak
> 137.0 dB
0 0.0
s
LA
peak
> 140.0 dB
0 0.0
s
LC
Seq
74.6 dB
LA
Seq
66.3 dB
LC
Se
q - L
AS
eq
8.3 dB
LAI
eq
68.2 dB
LA
eq
66.3 dB
LAI
eq
- LA
eq
1.9 dB
Duration
LxT_0007057-20230530 143856-LxT_Data.001.ldbin
dB
Time Stamp
dB
Time Stamp
dB
Time Stamp
L
eq
66.3 L
S(max)
97.1 2023/05/31 13:58:36
L
S(min)
46.0 2023/05/31 4:00:23
L
Peak(max)
110.7
2023/05/31 13:33:09
Overload Count
0 Overload Duration
0.0 s
Dose Settings
Dose Name
OSHA-1
OSHA-2
Exchange Rate
5 5
dB
Threshold
90 80
dB
Criterion Level
90 90
dB
Criterion Duration
8 8
h
Results
Dose
0.02 0.18
%
Projected Dose
0.01 0.06
%
TWA (Projected)
22.1 36.6
dB
TWA (t)
29.9 44.4
dB
Lep (t)
71.0 71.0
dB
Statistics
LAS 5.00
72.9 dB
LAS 10.00
70.8 dB
LAS 33.30
63.1 dB
LAS 50.00
60.2 dB
LAS 66.60
57.7 dB
LAS 90.00
51.7 dB
A
C
Z
Summary
File Name on Meter
LxT_Data.239.s
File Name on PC
Serial Number
0004983
Model
SoundTrack LxT®
Firmware Version
2.404
User
Location
R3
Job Description
Note
Measurement
Description
Start
2023-05-30 15:07:56
Stop
2023-05-31 14:37:28
Duration
23:29:32.6
Run Time
23:29:32.6
Pause
00:00:00.0
Pre-Calibration
2023-05-30 13:40:25
Post-Calibration
None
Calibration Deviation
---
Overall Settings
RMS Weight
A Weighting
Peak Weight
Z Weighting
Detector
Slow
Preamplifier
PRMLxT1
Microphone Correction
Off
Integration Method
Exponential
Overload
143.2
dB
A
C
Z
Under Range Peak
99.1 96.1
101.1
dB
Under Range Limit
36.4 36.0
43.1 dB
Noise Floor
27.3 26.9
33.9 dB
First
Second
Third
Instrument Identification
Results
LA
Seq
62.5 dB
LASE
111.8
dB
EAS
16.710
mPa²h
EAS8
5.690
mPa²h
EAS40
28.452
mPa²h
LZ
peak (max)
2023-05-31 12:15:08
116.1
dB
LAS
max
2023-05-31 13:03:14
93.4 dB
LAS
min
2023-05-31 03:24:24
45.8 dB
SEA
-99.9
dB
Exceedance Counts
LAS > 85.0 dB
2 18.9
s
LAS > 115.0 dB
0 0.0
s
LZ
peak
> 135.0 dB
0 0.0
s
LZ
peak
> 137.0 dB
0 0.0
s
LZ
peak
> 140.0 dB
0 0.0
s
LC
Seq
69.9 dB
LA
Seq
62.5 dB
LC
Se
q - L
AS
eq
7.4 dB
LAI
eq
64.0 dB
LA
eq
62.5 dB
LAI
eq
- LA
eq
1.5 dB
LxT_0004983-20230530 150756-LxT_Data.239.ldbin
Duration
dB
Time Stamp
dB
Time Stamp
dB
Time Stamp
L
eq
62.5 L
S(max)
93.4 2023/05/31 13:03:14
L
S(min)
45.8 2023/05/31 3:24:24
L
Peak(max)
116.1
2023/05/31 12:15:08
Overload Count
0 Overload Duration
0.0 s
Dose Settings
Dose Name
OSHA-1
OSHA-2
Exchange Rate
5 5
dB
Threshold
90 80
dB
Criterion Level
90 90
dB
Criterion Duration
8 8
h
Results
Dose
0.03 0.08
%
Projected Dose
0.01 0.03
%
TWA (Projected)
23.0 31.1
dB
TWA (t)
30.8 38.9
dB
Lep (t)
67.2 67.2
dB
Statistics
LAS 5.00
67.2 dB
LAS 10.00
65.9 dB
LAS 33.30
61.6 dB
LAS 50.00
58.5 dB
LAS 66.60
55.1 dB
LAS 90.00
48.6 dB
A
C
Z
Project: Culver Crossing
Construction Noise Impact on Sensitive Receptors - Unmitigated Parameters
Construction Hours: 8 Daytime hours (7 am to 7 pm)
0 Evening hours (7 pm to 10 pm)
0 Nighttime hours (10 pm to 7 am)
Leq to L10 factor 3
Construction Phase
Equipment Type
No. of
Equip.
Reference
Noise Level at
50ft, Lmax
Acoustical
Usage Factor
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimated
Noise
Shielding,
dBA
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimat
ed
Noise
Shieldi
ng, dBA
Distanc
e (ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimat
ed
Noise
Shieldi
ng, dBA
Distanc
e (ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimat
ed
Noise
Shieldi
ng, dBA
Grading/Excavation 58.2 53.4 65.3 61.1 59.0 53.9 55 49.3 Excavator 2 81 40% 250.0 57.0 53.1 56.1 13.0 100.0 65.0 61.0 64.0 13.0 240.0 57.4 53.4 56.4 13.0 430 52 48.3 51 13.0 Vacuum Street Sweeper 2 82 10% 500.0 52.0 42.0 45.0 13.0 400.0 53.9 43.9 46.9 13.0 400.0 53.9 43.9 46.9 13.0 500 52 42.0 45 13.0 Foundations/Concrete Pour 55.6 51.8 62.4 59.2 56.6 52.5 53 48.1 Crane 1 81 16% 500.0 48.0 40.0 43.0 13.0 400.0 49.9 42.0 45.0 13.0 400.0 49.9 42.0 45.0 13.0 500 48 40 43 13.0 Forklift 1 75 10% 500.0 42.0 32.0 35.0 13.0 400.0 43.9 33.9 36.9 13.0 400.0 43.9 33.9 36.9 13.0 500 42 32 35 13.0 Concrete Mixer Truck 2 79 40% 750.0 45.5 41.5 44.5 13.0 600.0 47.4 43.4 46.4 13.0 600.0 47.4 43.4 46.4 13.0 900 44 40 43 13.0 Generator 1 81 50% 250.0 54.0 51.0 54.0 13.0 100.0 62.0 59.0 62.0 13.0 240.0 54.4 51.4 54.4 13.0 430 49 46 49 13.0 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly 54.4 46.5 0.0 62.1 54.1 0.0 54.9 47.0 0.0 50.3 42.4 0.0 Crane 1 81 16% 250.0 54.0 46.1 49.1 13.0 100.0 62.0 54.0 57.0 13.0 240.0 54.4 46.4 49.4 13.0 430.0 49.3 41.4 44.4 13.0 Forklift 1 75 10% 500.0 42.0 32.0 35.0 13.0 400.0 43.9 33.9 36.9 13.0 400.0 43.9 33.9 36.9 13.0 500.0 42.0 32.0 35.0 13.0 Pickup Truck 1 75 40% 750.0 38.5 34.5 37.5 13.0 600.0 40.4 36.4 39.4 13.0 600.0 40.4 36.4 39.4 13.0 900.0 36.9 32.9 35.9 13.0 Source for Ref. Noise Levels: LA CEQA Guides, 2006 & FHWA RCNM, 2005 Assumes a 13 dBA reduction from exterior-to-interior noise attenuation R1 R2 R3 R4
Project: Culver Crossing
Construction Noise Impact on Sensitive Receptors (Lower Floors) - Mitigated Parameters
Leq to L10 factor 3
Construction Phase
Equipment Type
No. of
Equip.
Reference
Noise Level at
50ft, Lmax
Acoustical
Usage Factor
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimated
Noise
Shielding,
dBA
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimated
Noise
Shielding,
dBA
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimated
Noise
Shielding,
dBA
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimated
Noise
Shielding,
dBA
Grading/Excavation 40.2 35.4 47.3 43.1 41.0 35.9 37 31.3 Excavator 2 81 40% 250.0 39.0 35.1 38.1 31.0 100.0 47.0 43.0 46.0 31.0 240.0 39.4 35.4 38.4 31.0 430 34 30.3 33 31.0 Vacuum Street Sweeper 2 82 10% 500.0 34.0 24.0 27.0 31.0 400.0 35.9 25.9 28.9 31.0 400.0 35.9 25.9 28.9 31.0 500 34 24.0 27 31.0 Foundations/Concrete Pour 37.6 33.8 44.4 41.2 38.6 34.5 35 30.1 Crane 1 81 16% 500.0 30.0 22.0 25.0 31.0 400.0 31.9 24.0 27.0 31.0 400.0 31.9 24.0 27.0 31.0 500 30 22 25 31.0 Forklift 1 75 10% 500.0 24.0 14.0 17.0 31.0 400.0 25.9 15.9 18.9 31.0 400.0 25.9 15.9 18.9 31.0 500 24 14 17 31.0 Concrete Mixer Truck 2 79 40% 750.0 27.5 23.5 26.5 31.0 600.0 29.4 25.4 28.4 31.0 600.0 29.4 25.4 28.4 31.0 900 26 22 25 31.0 Generator 1 81 50% 250.0 36.0 33.0 36.0 31.0 100.0 44.0 41.0 44.0 31.0 240.0 36.4 33.4 36.4 31.0 430 31 28 31 31.0 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly 36.4 28.5 0.0 44.1 36.1 0.0 36.9 29.0 0.0 32.3 24.4 0.0 Crane 1 81 16% 250.0 36.0 28.1 31.1 31.0 100.0 44.0 36.0 39.0 31.0 240.0 36.4 28.4 31.4 31.0 430.0 31.3 23.4 26.4 31.0 Forklift 1 75 10% 500.0 24.0 14.0 17.0 31.0 400.0 25.9 15.9 18.9 31.0 400.0 25.9 15.9 18.9 31.0 500.0 24.0 14.0 17.0 31.0 Pickup Truck 1 75 40% 750.0 20.5 16.5 19.5 31.0 600.0 22.4 18.4 21.4 31.0 600.0 22.4 18.4 21.4 31.0 900.0 18.9 14.9 17.9 31.0 Source for Ref. Noise Levels: FHWA RCNM, 2005
Assumes a 13 dBA reduction from exterior-to-interior noise attenuation R1 R2 R3 R4
Project: Culver Crossing
Construction Noise Impact on Sensitive Receptors (Upper Floors) - Mitigated Parameters
Leq to L10 factor 3
Construction Phase
Equipment Type
No. of
Equip.
Reference
Noise Level at
50ft, Lmax
Acoustical
Usage Factor
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimated
Noise
Shielding,
dBA
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimated
Noise
Shielding,
dBA
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimated
Noise
Shielding,
dBA
Grading/Excavation 50.2 45.4 57.3 53.1 51.0 45.9
Excavator 2 81 40% 250.0 49.0 45.1 48.1 21.0 100.0 57.0 53.0 56.0 21.0 240.0 49.4 45.4 48.4 21.0 Vacuum Street Sweeper 2 82 10% 500.0 44.0 34.0 37.0 21.0 400.0 45.9 35.9 38.9 21.0 400.0 45.9 35.9 38.9 21.0 Foundations/Concrete Pour 47.6 43.8 54.4 51.2 48.6 44.5 Crane 1 81 16% 500.0 40.0 32.0 35.0 21.0 400.0 41.9 34.0 37.0 21.0 400.0 41.9 34.0 37.0 21.0 Forklift 1 75 10% 500.0 34.0 24.0 27.0 21.0 400.0 35.9 25.9 28.9 21.0 400.0 35.9 25.9 28.9 21.0 Concrete Mixer Truck 2 79 40% 750.0 37.5 33.5 36.5 21.0 600.0 39.4 35.4 38.4 21.0 600.0 39.4 35.4 38.4 21.0 Generator 1 81 50% 250.0 46.0 43.0 46.0 21.0 100.0 54.0 51.0 54.0 21.0 240.0 46.4 43.4 46.4 21.0 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly 46.4 38.5 0.0 54.1 46.1 0.0 46.9 39.0 0.0 Crane 1 81 16% 250.0 46.0 38.1 41.1 21.0 100.0 54.0 46.0 49.0 21.0 240.0 46.4 38.4 41.4 21.0 Forklift 1 75 10% 500.0 34.0 24.0 27.0 21.0 400.0 35.9 25.9 28.9 21.0 400.0 35.9 25.9 28.9 21.0 Pickup Truck 1 75 40% 750.0 30.5 26.5 29.5 21.0 600.0 32.4 28.4 31.4 21.0 600.0 32.4 28.4 31.4 21.0 Source for Ref. Noise Levels: FHWA RCNM, 2005
Assumes a 13 dBA reduction from exterior-to-interior noise attenuation R1 R2 R3
Project: Culver Crossing
Construction Noise Impact on Sensitive Receptors - Sound Exposure Levels (SEL) - Unmitigated Parameters
Construction Hours: 8 Daytime hours (7 am to 7 pm)
0 Evening hours (7 pm to 10 pm)
0 Nighttime hours (10 pm to 7 am)
Leq to L10 factor 3
Construction Phase
Equipment Type
No. of
Equip.
Reference
Noise Level at
50ft, Lmax
Acoustical
Usage Factor
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimated
Noise
Shielding,
dBA
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimat
ed
Noise
Shieldi
ng, dBA
Distanc
e (ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimat
ed
Noise
Shieldi
ng, dBA
Distanc
e (ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimat
ed
Noise
Shieldi
ng, dBA
Grading/Excavation 58.3 53.5 65.3 61.1 59.5 54.4 55.5 49.8 Excavator 2 81 40% 250.0 57.0 53.1 56.1 13.0 100.0 65.0 61.0 64.0 13.0 240.0 57.4 53.4 56.4 13.0 430.0 52.3 48.3 51 13.0 Dump Truck 1 76 40% 750.0 39.5 35.5 38.5 13.0 600.0 41.4 37.4 40.4 13.0 241.0 49.3 45.4 48.4 13.0 431.0 44.3 40.3 43 13.0 Vacuum Street Sweeper 2 82 10% 500.0 52.0 42.0 45.0 13.0 400.0 53.9 43.9 46.9 13.0 400.0 53.9 43.9 46.9 13.0 500.0 52.0 42.0 45 13.0 Foundations/Concrete Pour 56.5 52.6 63.5 60.1 57.3 53.3 53.3 48.7 Crane 1 81 16% 500.0 48.0 40.0 43.0 13.0 400.0 49.9 42.0 45.0 13.0 400.0 49.9 42.0 45.0 13.0 500.0 48.0 40 43 13.0 Forklift 1 75 10% 500.0 42.0 32.0 35.0 13.0 400.0 43.9 33.9 36.9 13.0 400.0 43.9 33.9 36.9 13.0 500.0 42.0 32 35 13.0 Dump Truck 1 76 40% 250.0 49.0 45.0 48.0 13.0 100.0 57.0 53.0 56.0 13.0 240.0 49.4 45.4 48.4 13.0 430.0 44.3 40 43 13.0 Concrete Mixer Truck 2 79 40% 750.0 45.5 41.5 44.5 13.0 600.0 47.4 43.4 46.4 13.0 600.0 47.4 43.4 46.4 13.0 900.0 43.9 40 43 13.0 Generator 1 81 50% 250.0 54.0 51.0 54.0 13.0 100.0 62.0 59.0 62.0 13.0 240.0 54.4 51.4 54.4 13.0 430.0 49.3 46 49 13.0 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly 54.5 46.8 0.0 62.1 54.2 0.0 56.0 49.3 0.0 51.2 44.5 0.0 Crane 1 81 16% 250.0 54.0 46.1 49.1 13.0 100.0 62.0 54.0 57.0 13.0 240.0 54.4 46.4 49.4 13.0 430.0 49.3 41.4 44.4 13.0 Dump Truck 1 76 40% 750.0 39.5 35.5 38.5 13.0 600.0 41.4 37.4 40.4 13.0 241.0 49.3 45.4 48.4 13.0 431.0 44.3 40.3 43.3 13.0 Forklift 1 75 10% 500.0 42.0 32.0 35.0 13.0 400.0 43.9 33.9 36.9 13.0 400.0 43.9 33.9 36.9 13.0 500.0 42.0 32.0 35.0 13.0 Pickup Truck 1 75 40% 750.0 38.5 34.5 37.5 13.0 600.0 40.4 36.4 39.4 13.0 600.0 40.4 36.4 39.4 13.0 900.0 36.9 32.9 35.9 13.0 Source for Ref. Noise Levels: LA CEQA Guides, 2006 & FHWA RCNM, 2005 R1 R2 R3 R4
Project: Culver Crossing
Construction Noise Impact on Sensitive Receptors - Sound Exposure Level - Mitigated Parameters
Construction Hours: 8 Daytime hours (7 am to 7 pm)
0 Evening hours (7 pm to 10 pm)
0 Nighttime hours (10 pm to 7 am)
Leq to L10 factor 3
Construction Phase
Equipment Type
No. of
Equip.
Reference
Noise Level at
50ft, Lmax
Acoustical
Usage Factor
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimated
Noise
Shielding,
dBA
Distance
(ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimat
ed
Noise
Shieldi
ng, dBA
Distanc
e (ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimat
ed
Noise
Shieldi
ng, dBA
Distanc
e (ft) Lmax Leq L10
Estimat
ed
Noise
Shieldi
ng, dBA
Grading/Excavation 40.3 35.5 47.3 43.1 41.5 36.4 37.5 31.8 Excavator 2 81 40% 250.0 39.0 35.1 38.1 31.0 100.0 47.0 43.0 46.0 31.0 240.0 39.4 35.4 38.4 31.0 430.0 34.3 30.3 33 31.0 Dump Truck 1 76 40% 750.0 21.5 17.5 20.5 31.0 600.0 23.4 19.4 22.4 31.0 241.0 31.3 27.4 30.4 31.0 431.0 26.3 22.3 25 31.0 Vacuum Street Sweeper 2 82 10% 500.0 34.0 24.0 27.0 31.0 400.0 35.9 25.9 28.9 31.0 400.0 35.9 25.9 28.9 31.0 500.0 34.0 24.0 27 31.0 Foundations/Concrete Pour 38.5 34.6 45.5 42.1 39.3 35.3 35.3 30.7 Crane 1 81 16% 500.0 30.0 22.0 25.0 31.0 400.0 31.9 24.0 27.0 31.0 400.0 31.9 24.0 27.0 31.0 500.0 30.0 22 25 31.0 Forklift 1 75 10% 500.0 24.0 14.0 17.0 31.0 400.0 25.9 15.9 18.9 31.0 400.0 25.9 15.9 18.9 31.0 500.0 24.0 14 17 31.0 Dump Truck 1 76 40% 250.0 31.0 27.0 30.0 31.0 100.0 39.0 35.0 38.0 31.0 240.0 31.4 27.4 30.4 31.0 430.0 26.3 22 25 31.0 Concrete Mixer Truck 2 79 40% 750.0 27.5 23.5 26.5 31.0 600.0 29.4 25.4 28.4 31.0 600.0 29.4 25.4 28.4 31.0 900.0 25.9 22 25 31.0 Generator 1 81 50% 250.0 36.0 33.0 36.0 31.0 100.0 44.0 41.0 44.0 31.0 240.0 36.4 33.4 36.4 31.0 430.0 31.3 28 31 31.0 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly 36.5 28.8 0.0 44.1 36.2 0.0 38.0 31.3 0.0 33.2 26.5 0.0 Crane 1 81 16% 250.0 36.0 28.1 31.1 31.0 100.0 44.0 36.0 39.0 31.0 240.0 36.4 28.4 31.4 31.0 430.0 31.3 23.4 26.4 31.0 Dump Truck 1 76 40% 750.0 21.5 17.5 20.5 31.0 600.0 23.4 19.4 22.4 31.0 241.0 31.3 27.4 30.4 31.0 431.0 26.3 22.3 25.3 31.0 Forklift 1 75 10% 500.0 24.0 14.0 17.0 31.0 400.0 25.9 15.9 18.9 31.0 400.0 25.9 15.9 18.9 31.0 500.0 24.0 14.0 17.0 31.0 Pickup Truck 1 75 40% 750.0 20.5 16.5 19.5 31.0 600.0 22.4 18.4 21.4 31.0 600.0 22.4 18.4 21.4 31.0 900.0 18.9 14.9 17.9 31.0 Source for Ref. Noise Levels: LA CEQA Guides, 2006 & FHWA RCNM, 2005 R1 R2 R3 R4
TRAFFIC NOISE ANALYSIS TOOL
Project Name: Culver Crossing
Analysis Scenario: Existing + Construction Trucks
Source of Traffic Volumes: Fehr Peers; Project Applicant for Construction Trucks.
Auto MT HT Auto MT HT
Existing Noise Levels (R1 at 3 AM)
Venice Blvd. between Cattaraugus Ave. and La Cienega Blvd. Hard 50 40 40 35 49.6 Venice Blvd. between Helms Ave. and Cattaraugus Ave. Hard 50 40 40 35 49.6 Venice Blvd. between La Cienega Blvd. and I-10 WB Off-Ramp/Cadillac Ave. Hard 50 40 40 35 49.6 Venice Blvd. between National Blvd. and Helms Ave. Hard 50 40 40 35 49.6 Venice Blvd. e/o I-10 WB Off-Ramp/Cadillac Ave. Hard 50 40 40 35 49.6 Construction Noise Levels
Venice Blvd. between Cattaraugus Ave. and La Cienega Blvd. Hard 50 40 40 35 60 0 63 51.4 Venice Blvd. between Helms Ave. and Cattaraugus Ave. Hard 50 40 40 35 60 0 63 51.4 Venice Blvd. between La Cienega Blvd. and I-10 WB Off-Ramp/Cadillac Ave. Hard 50 40 40 35 60 0 63 51.4 Venice Blvd. between National Blvd. and Helms Ave. Hard 50 40 40 35 60 0 63 51.4 Venice Blvd. e/o I-10 WB Off-Ramp/Cadillac Ave. Hard 50 40 40 35 60 0 63 51.4 Existing + Construction Noise Levels
Venice Blvd. between Cattaraugus Ave. and La Cienega Blvd. Hard 50 40 40 35 53.6 Venice Blvd. between Helms Ave. and Cattaraugus Ave. Hard 50 40 40 35 53.6 Venice Blvd. between La Cienega Blvd. and I-10 WB Off-Ramp/Cadillac Ave. Hard 50 40 40 35 53.6 Venice Blvd. between National Blvd. and Helms Ave. Hard 50 40 40 35 53.6 Venice Blvd. e/o I-10 WB Off-Ramp/Cadillac Ave. Hard 50 40 40 35 53.6 Model Notes:
The calculation is based on the methodology described in FHWA Traffic Noise Model Technical Manual (1998).
The peak hour noise level at 50 feet was validated with the results from FHWA Traffic Noise Model Version 2.5.
Accuracy of the calculation is within ±0.1 dB when comparing to TNM results.
Noise propagation greater than 50 feet is based on the following assumptions:
For hard ground, the propagation rate is 3 dB per doubling the distance.
For soft ground, the propagation rate is 4.5 dB per doubling the distance.
Vehicles are assumed to be on a long straight roadway with cruise speed.
Roadway grade is less than 1.5%.
Peak Hour Noise
Level (Leq(h)
dBA)
Segment Ground
Type
Distance from
Roadway to
Receiver (feet)
Speed (mph) Peak Hour Volume
Emissions Summary - Onroad and Off-Road Emissions
(pounds/day)
PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total
ROG NOX CO SO2 Dust Exh PM10 Dust Exh PM2.5
Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 0.39 0.39 5.08 0.01 1.23 0.01 1.24 0.31 0.01 0.31 Total (Includes Off-Road) 0.55 2.49 12.36 0.02 3.08 0.02 3.10 0.51 0.02 0.53 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 0.39 0.39 5.08 0.01 1.23 0.01 1.24 0.31 0.01 0.31 Total (Includes Off-Road) 0.56 1.27 10.35 0.02 1.23 0.04 1.27 0.31 0.04 0.34 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 0.03 0.03 0.34 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.08 0.02 0.00 0.02 Total (Includes Off-Road) 0.08 0.27 2.69 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.09 0.02 0.01 0.03 Regional Emissions
Off-Road Emissions - CalEEMod
CalEEMod
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Category lb/day
Fugitive Dust 1.8446 0 1.8446 0.1992 0 0.1992
Off-Road 0.1566 2.1055 7.276 9.61E-03 0.0157 0.0157 0.0157 0.0157 Total 0.1566 2.1055 7.276 9.61E-03 1.8446 0.0157 1.8604 0.1992 0.0157 0.2149 ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Category lb/day
Off-Road 0.1706 0.8814 5.2712 9.56E-03 0.0309 0.0309 0.0309 0.0309 Total 0.1706 0.8814 5.2712 9.56E-03 0.0309 0.0309 0.0309 0.0309 ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive PM10 Exhaust PM10 PM10 Total Fugitive PM2.5 Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Category lb/day
Off-Road 0.06 0.24 2.35 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
Total 0.06 0.24 2.35 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Idling (pounds/day) (MT/yr) Trips per Day per Day PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Total (days) (hours/day) (miles) (minutes) ROG NOX CO SO2 Dust Exh PM10 Dust Exh PM2.5 CO2e Grading/Excavation 2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 20 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 120 1 8 14.7 0 0.39 0.39 5.08 0.01 1.23 0.01 1.24 0.31 0.01 0.31 0.55 Foundations/Concrete Pour 2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 20 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 120 1 8 14.7 0 0.39 0.39 5.08 0.01 1.23 0.01 1.24 0.31 0.01 0.31 0.55 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly 2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 20 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 8 1 8 14.7 0 0.03 0.03 0.34 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.08 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.04 Culver Crossing Off-Hours Construction
Total Emissions
Regional Emissions
ROG_RUNEX NOx_RUNEX CO_RUNEX SOx_RUNEX PM10_RUNEXPM2.5_RUNEXCO2_RUNEX CH4_RUNEX N2O_RUNEX 2024 2024Hauling Hauling 0.01506835 1.736594392 0.53415245 0.01416079 0.0242504 0.02319665 1559.36414 0.08218565 0.24859598 2024 2024Vendor Vendor 0.01969384 1.266700708 0.44120439 0.01277308 0.01665469 0.01592783 1377.97499 0.04535619 0.19361282 2024 2024Worker Worker 0.01832772 0.079436569 1.06108625 0.00300255 0.00168421 0.00155002 303.73836 0.00437904 0.00668737 0 GWP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1 25 298
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5 CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e Grading/Excavation 2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 120 1 8 14.7 0.07 0.31 4.13 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.54 Foundations/Concrete Pour 2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 120 1 8 14.7 0.07 0.31 4.13 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.54 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 8 1 8 14.7 0.00 0.02 0.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.04 Regional Emissions
(MT/year)(pounds/day)
Running Emissions Factor
(grams/mile)
Running Emissions Factor
(grams/mile)
Running Emissions
Culver Crossing Off-Hours Construction
ROG_STREX NOX_STREX CO_STREX SOx_STREX PM10_STREX PM2.5_STREX CO2_STREX CH4_STREX N2O_STREX 2024 2024Hauling Hauling 0.001177904 2.678708512 0.00389032 4.71408E-07 1.22813E-06 1.12922E-06 0.04768432 8.04833E-08 1.77648E-05 2024 2024Vendor Vendor 0.083332265 1.993917438 0.65284372 5.81177E-05 6.41901E-05 5.90205E-05 5.8787779 0.005800972 0.004228255 2024 2024Worker Worker 1.204441519 0.294577037 3.61543143 0.000749137 0.002326538 0.002139187 75.777476 0.07927821 0.033955746 GWP N/A 1 25 298
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5 CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e Grading/Excavation 2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 120 1 8 14.7 0.32 0.08 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 Foundations/Concrete Pour 2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 120 1 8 14.7 0.32 0.08 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 8 1 8 14.7 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (grams/trip) (grams/trip)
Regional Emissions
(pounds/day) (MT/year)
Mitigated Start Emissions
Start Emissions Factor Start Emissions Factor
Culver Crossing Off-Hours Construction
ROG_IDLEX NOx_IDLEX CO_IDLEX SOx_IDLEX PM10_IDLEX PM2.5_IDLEX CO2_IDLEX CH4_IDLEX N2O_IDLEX 2024 2024Hauling Hauling 0.07437494 0.917247169 1.17434618 0.00164618 0.00051387 0.00049064 186.584742 0.03775081 0.02998659 2024 2024Vendor Vendor 0.05574475 0.97932101 1.04113291 0.00173608 0.0012437 0.00118901 192.388064 0.03141797 0.03004254 2024 2024Worker Worker 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
GWP N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1 25 290
Daily Haul Days Work Hours Idling Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day minutes
Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5 CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e Grading/Excavation 2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 120 1 8 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Foundations/Concrete Pour 2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 120 1 8 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Worker 8 1 8 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Regional Emissions
(pounds/day) (MT/year)
Idling Emissions
Idling Emissions Factor Idling Emissions Factor
(grams/minute) (grams/minute)
Culver Crossing Off-Hours Construction
RD PM10_PMBW PM10_PMTW RD PM2.5_PMBWPM2.5_PMTW
2024 2024Hauling Hauling 0.29984991 0.082315236 0.03527902 0.07359952 0.02881033 0.00881975 2024 2024Vendor Vendor 0.29984991 0.062716793 0.02363951 0.07359952 0.02195088 0.00590988 2024 2024Worker Worker 0.29984991 0.009001983 0.008 0.07359952 0.00315069 0.002 Daily Haul Days Work Hours One-Way Regional Emissions
Construction Phase One-Way per Phase per Day Trip Distance Trips per Day
(days) (hours/day) (miles) RD BW TW RD BW TW
Grading/Excavation 2024
Total Haul Trips 0 2.41 0.07 0.06 0.59 0.03 0.02
Hauling 0 1 8 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 120 1 8 14.7 1.17 0.04 0.03 0.29 0.01 0.01
Foundations/Concrete Pour 2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 120 1 8 14.7 1.17 0.04 0.03 0.29 0.01 0.01
Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly2024
Total Haul Trips 0
Hauling 0 1 8 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vendor 0 1 8 6.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Worker 8 1 8 14.7 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00
Road Dust, Break Wear, and Tire wear Emissions
Emission Factors
PM10 PM2.5
(grams/mile)
(pounds/day)
PM2.5PM10
Culver Crossing Off-Hours Construction
Culver Studios Off-Hours Construction - Crane Erection/Disassembly Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer
1.0 Project Characteristics
1.1 Land Usage
Land Uses Size Metric Lot Acreage Floor Surface Area Population CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1
Date: 8/8/2023 2:25 PM
Culver Studios Off-Hours Construction - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Climate Zone 11 Operational Year 2025
Utility Company Southern California Edison
0 1.2 Other Project Characteristics
Urbanization Urban Wind Speed (m/s) 2.2 Precipitation Freq (Days) 33 General Office Building 536.00 1000sqft 4.46 536,000.00 Area Mitigation - ghjgjkg
Off-road Equipment - See assumptions
Fleet Mix - lpl
Consumer Products -
Area Coating -
Construction Off-road Equipment Mitigation - based on EIR mitigation for Tier 4 final >50 hp
0.004
1.3 User Entered Comments & Non-Default Data
Project Characteristics -
Land Use - Acreage of site
Construction Phase - Ran for one day to capture daily emissions CO2 Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
390.98 CH4 Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
0.033 N2O Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1
Date: 8/8/2023 2:25 PM
Culver Studios Off-Hours Construction - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Table Name Column Name Default Value New Value
tblConstDustMitigation WaterUnpavedRoadVehicleSpeed 0 15 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 1.00 tblAreaMitigation UseLowVOCPaintResidentialExteriorValue 50 1 tblAreaMitigation UseLowVOCPaintResidentialInteriorValue 50 1 tblAreaMitigation UseLowVOCPaintNonresidentialExteriorValue 100 1 tblAreaMitigation UseLowVOCPaintNonresidentialInteriorValue 100 1 tblConstructionPhase PhaseEndDate 1/1/2025 1/1/2024
tblConstructionPhase PhaseStartDate 2/15/2024 1/1/2024
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 4 Final
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 230.00 1.00
tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 1.00 tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 4 Final
tblFleetMix LHD1 0.02 0.00
tblFleetMix LHD2 6.3840e-003 0.00
tblFleetMix LDT1 0.06 0.00
tblFleetMix LDT2 0.19 0.00
tblFleetMix HHD 8.0890e-003 0.00
tblFleetMix LDA 0.54 1.00
tblFleetMix OBUS 9.2900e-004 0.00
tblFleetMix SBUS 7.0600e-004 0.00
tblFleetMix MH 3.3350e-003 0.00
tblFleetMix MHD 0.01 0.00
tblFleetMix MCY 0.03 0.00
tblFleetMix MDV 0.13 0.00
tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 3.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 3.00 1.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblFleetMix UBUS 5.9700e-004 0.00
tblLandUse LotAcreage 12.30 4.46
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1
Date: 8/8/2023 2:25 PM
Culver Studios Off-Hours Construction - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment UsageHours 8.00 0.00
tblOffRoadEquipment UsageHours 8.00 0.00
tblOffRoadEquipment UsageHours 7.00 0.00
tblOffRoadEquipment UsageHours 7.00 5.00
tblOffRoadEquipment UsageHours 8.00 5.00
3.0 Construction Detail
Construction Phase
Acres of Grading (Site Preparation Phase): 0
Acres of Grading (Grading Phase): 0
Acres of Paving: 0
Residential Indoor: 0; Residential Outdoor: 0; Non-Residential Indoor: 0; Non-Residential Outdoor: 0; Striped Parking Area: 0 (Architectural Coating – sqft) OffRoad Equipment
Num Days
Week
Num Days Phase Description
1 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly Building Construction 1/1/2024 1/1/2024 5 1 Phase
Number
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date
0.20 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly Generator Sets 0 0.00 84 0.74 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly Forklifts 1 5.00 89
Load Factor
Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly Cranes 1 5.00 231 0.29 Phase Name Offroad Equipment Type Amount Usage Hours Horse Power
0.37 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly Welders 0 0.00 46 0.45 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 0 0.00 97 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1
Date: 8/8/2023 2:25 PM
Culver Studios Off-Hours Construction - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.1 Mitigation Measures Construction
Use Cleaner Engines for Construction Equipment
Water Exposed Area
Reduce Vehicle Speed on Unpaved Roads
3.2 Tower Crane Erection/Disassembly - 2024
N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10 Total Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
445.3458
0.1429 445.3458
Total 0.2662 2.7424 1.8213 4.5600e-003 0.1230 0.1230 0.1132 0.1132
0.1132 0.1132 441.7739 441.77394.5600e-003 0.1230 0.1230Off-Road 0.2662 2.7424 1.8213 441.7739 441.7739 0.1429
0.0561 0.2430 2.3506
N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10 Total Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
441.7739 441.7739 0.1429 445.3458
0.1429 445.3458
Total 0.0561 0.2430 2.3506 4.5600e-003 7.4800e-
003
7.4800e-003 7.4800e-
003
7.4800e-003 0.0000
7.4800e-
003
7.4800e-003 0.0000 441.7739 441.77394.5600e-003 7.4800e- 003
7.4800e-003Off-Road
Construction Off-road Equipment Mitigation - AQ-MM-1 requires Tier 4 for all equipment >50 hp Off-road Equipment - Based on expected off-hours equipment provided by Trammell Crowe. Hours adjusted to 5 hours to cover time period from 2 am to 7 am Off-road Equipment - Based on expected off-hours equipment provided by Trammell Crowe. Hours adjusted to 5 hours to cover time period from 2 am to 7 am Grading - Based on total acreage of site
Trips and VMT - Done outside of CalEEMod
Vehicle Trips - No ops component
0.004
1.3 User Entered Comments & Non-Default Data
Project Characteristics -
Land Use - Based on assumptions for both PA1 and PA2 combined Construction Phase - Modeled one day of off-hours construction phases for grading/excavation and foundations/concrete pour CO2 Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
390.98 CH4 Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
0.033 N2O Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
Climate Zone 11 Operational Year 2025
Utility Company Southern California Edison
0 1.2 Other Project Characteristics
Urbanization Urban Wind Speed (m/s) 2.2 Precipitation Freq (Days) 33 General Office Building 536.00 1000sqft 4.46 536,000.00 Culver Studios Off-Hours Construction
Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer
1.0 Project Characteristics
1.1 Land Usage
Land Uses Size Metric Lot Acreage Floor Surface Area Population CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1
Date: 8/1/2023 12:25 PM
Culver Studios Off-Hours Construction - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1
Date: 8/1/2023 12:25 PM
Culver Studios Off-Hours Construction - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied tblLandUse LotAcreage 12.30 4.46
tblOffRoadEquipment LoadFactor 0.46 0.46
tblConstructionPhase PhaseStartDate 2/3/2024 1/1/2024
tblGrading AcresOfGrading 0.00 4.46
tblConstructionPhase PhaseEndDate 2/14/2024 1/1/2024
tblConstructionPhase PhaseStartDate 2/15/2024 1/1/2024
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 8.00 1.00
tblConstructionPhase PhaseEndDate 1/1/2025 1/1/2024
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 4 Final
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 230.00 1.00
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 4 Final
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 4 Final
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 4 Final
tblConstEquipMitigation Tier No Change Tier 4 Final
tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 2.00 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 1.00 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 1.00 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 1.00 tblConstDustMitigation WaterUnpavedRoadVehicleSpeed 0 15 tblConstEquipMitigation NumberOfEquipmentMitigated 0.00 2.00 Table Name Column Name Default Value New Value
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1
Date: 8/1/2023 12:25 PM
Culver Studios Off-Hours Construction - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied tblVehicleTrips WD_TR 9.74 0.00
tblVehicleTrips ST_TR 2.21 0.00
tblVehicleTrips SU_TR 0.70 0.00
tblTripsAndVMT WorkerTripNumber 10.00 0.00
tblTripsAndVMT WorkerTripNumber 172.00 0.00
tblOffRoadEquipment UsageHours 8.00 5.00
tblTripsAndVMT VendorTripNumber 88.00 0.00
tblOffRoadEquipment UsageHours 8.00 5.00
tblOffRoadEquipment UsageHours 8.00 5.00
tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment UsageHours 7.00 5.00
tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 3.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 3.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 0.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 1.00 2.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount 3.00 1.00 tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Sweepers/Scrubbers tblOffRoadEquipment OffRoadEquipmentType Cement and Mortar Mixers CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1
Date: 8/1/2023 12:25 PM
Culver Studios Off-Hours Construction - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied
3.1 Mitigation Measures Construction
Use Cleaner Engines for Construction Equipment
0.45Foundations/Concrete Pour Welders 0 8.00 46
0.37 Grading Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 0 8.00 97 0.37
Foundations/Concrete Pour Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 0 7.00 97
0.41 Grading Rubber Tired Dozers 0 8.00 247 0.40
Grading Graders 0 8.00 187
0.20 Foundations/Concrete Pour Generator Sets 1 5.00 84 0.74 Foundations/Concrete Pour Forklifts 1 5.00 89
0.29 Grading Excavators 2 5.00 158 0.38
Foundations/Concrete Pour Cranes 1 5.00 231
0.46 Foundations/Concrete Pour Cement and Mortar Mixers 2 5.00 9 0.56 Grading Sweepers/Scrubbers 2 5.00 64
Acres of Paving: 0
Residential Indoor: 0; Residential Outdoor: 0; Non-Residential Indoor: 0; Non-Residential Outdoor: 0; Striped Parking Area: 0 (Architectural Coating – sqft) OffRoad Equipment
Phase Name Offroad Equipment Type Amount Usage Hours Horse Power Load Factor 5 1
Acres of Grading (Site Preparation Phase): 0
Acres of Grading (Grading Phase): 4.46
2 Foundations/Concrete Pour Building Construction 1/1/2024 1/1/2024 Num Days
Week
Num Days Phase Description
1 Grading Grading 1/1/2024 1/1/2024 5 1
Phase
Number
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date
3.0 Construction Detail
Construction Phase
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1
Date: 8/1/2023 12:25 PM
Culver Studios Off-Hours Construction - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 894.3159 894.3159 0.1652 898.4457
0.1652 898.4457
Total 0.5178 4.7930 4.4966 9.5600e-003 0.2101 0.2101 0.2003 0.2003
0.2003 0.2003 894.3159 894.31599.5600e-003 0.2101 0.2101Off-Road 0.5178 4.7930 4.4966 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4
3.3 Foundations/Concrete Pour - 2024
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10 Total Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
0.3008 937.62920.0157 0.2149 0.0000 930.1088 930.10889.6100e-003 1.8446 0.0157 1.8604 0.1992Total 0.1566 2.1055 7.2760 930.1088 930.1088 0.3008 937.6292
0.0000
Off-Road 0.1566 2.1055 7.2760 9.6100e-003 0.0157 0.0157 0.0157 0.0157 0.0000
0.0000 0.1992 0.00001.8446 0.0000 1.8446 0.1992Fugitive Dust N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10 Total Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
0.3008 937.62920.1909 0.7017 930.1088 930.10889.6100e-003 4.7298 0.2075 4.9374 0.5107Total 0.4387 3.7454 6.4552 930.1088 930.1088 0.3008 937.6292
0.0000
Off-Road 0.4387 3.7454 6.4552 9.6100e-003 0.2075 0.2075 0.1909 0.1909
0.0000 0.5107 0.00004.7298 0.0000 4.7298 0.5107Fugitive Dust N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4
3.2 Grading - 2024
Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10 Total Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
Water Exposed Area
Reduce Vehicle Speed on Unpaved Roads
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 1
Date: 8/1/2023 12:25 PM
Culver Studios Off-Hours Construction - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 894.3159 894.3159 0.1652 898.4457
0.1652 898.4457
Total 0.1706 0.8814 5.2712 9.5600e-003 0.0309 0.0309 0.0309 0.0309 0.0000
0.0309 0.0309 0.0000 894.3159 894.31599.5600e-003 0.0309 0.0309Off-Road 0.1706 0.8814 5.2712 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
PM2.5 Total Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4
Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10 Total Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
Date:8/14/2023
CULVER CROSSINGS
CONSTRUCTION SITE LIGHTING
LIGHT TRESPASS ILLUMINATION ANALYSIS AT
NEAREST RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES
The Lighting Calculation evaluated the illuminance light trespass from the Project with the following assumptions:
1. Twelve (12) 35'-0" tall poles located on the sides of the project site, as shown on page 2, View 1_Project Illuminance Plan.
2. Each pole consists of (5) LED 21 beam floodlights, each at 303 watts and 33316 lumens and 180° glare shield. Fixtures are tilted between 30 and 70 degrees above nadir.
3. The construction area is illuminated to an average of 10 footcandles or higher.
4. Temporary fencing around the construction area was considered in this analysis.
The Project shall provide a temporary 12-foot-tall construction fence along the northern and western boundaries of the Project Site. In addition, a temporary 6-foot-tall construction fence is located along the southern boundary along Washington Boulevard, between the Project Site and the residences to the south and east of the Project Site.
5. If different pole or light fixture configurations are specified for the project, the height of the pole should be no higher than 35'-0", and the light fixture total output should not exceed the total output in this report.
LIGHT TRESPASS ILLUMINANCE LIMIT: 0.74 MAX AT RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY LINE (SOURCE: IESNA HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION, TABLE 4.2 LIGHTING ZONE 3) LIGHTING ILLUMINANCE CRITERIA: 10 FC AVERAGE TARGET
(SOURCE: IESNA HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION, TABLE 30.2
Luminaire Schedule
Symbol Qty Label Total Lamp LumensLLF Description Lum. Watts Calculation Summary
Label CalcType Units Avg Max Min Avg/Min Max/Min
Project Site Illuminance Fc 10.02 90.0 0.3 33.40 300.00 VP-N_Side_3 Illuminance Fc 0.55 0.69 0.37 1.49 1.86
VP-S_Side_1 Illuminance Fc 0.44 0.66 0.23 1.91 2.87
VP-W2_Side_1 Illuminance
60 84521_71101_BEGA_IES N.A. 1.000
Fc 0.33 0.68 0.02 16.50
300 21 Degree + glare shield
34.00 VPW1_Side_1 Illuminance Fc 0.43 0.71 0.04 10.75
336
17.75 Site Diagram
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
Date:8/14/2023
NEAREST RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES
CULVER CROSSINGS
CONSTRUCTION SITE LIGHTING
LIGHT TRESPASS ILLUMINATION ANALYSIS AT
LIGHTING ILLUMINANCE CRITERIA: 10 FC AVERAGE TARGET
(SOURCE: IESNA HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION, TABLE 30.2
LIGHT TRESPASS ILLUMINANCE LIMIT: 0.74 MAX AT RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY LINE (SOURCE: IESNA HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION, TABLE 4.2 LIGHTING ZONE 3) Calculation Summary
Label CalcType Units Avg Max Min Avg/Min Max/Min
Project Site Illuminance Fc 10.02 90.0 0.3 33.40 300.00 View_1:Project Illuminance Plan
VP-N
VP S
VP-W1
VP-W2
10'
10'
0.39 0.40
0.41 0.43
0.44 0.44
0.44 0.45
0.45 0.46
0.46 0
0.38 0.39
0.39 0.39
0.40 0.41
0.41 0.42
0.42 0.43
0.43 0
0.44 0.44
0.44 0.44
0.44 0.44
0.43 0.44
0.43 0.43
0.43 0
0.49 0.48
0.48 0.48
0.42 0.42
0.46 0.40
0.46 0.46
0.45 0
0.54 0.53
0.52 0.52
0.51 0.50
0.50 0.49
0.49 0.48
0.48 0
0.57 0.57
0.56 0.55
0.54 0.54
0.53 0.52
0.51 0.51
0.50 0
0.61 0.60
0.59 0.58
0.57 0.56
0.55 0.54
0.54 0.53
0.52 0
0.63 0.62
0.61 0.60
0.59 0.58
0.57 0.56
0.55 0.54
0.53 0
0.65 0.64
0.63 0.62
0.60 0.59
0.58 0.57
0.56 0.55
0.54 0
0.66 0.65
0.64 0.63
0.62 0.60
0.59 0.58
0.57 0.55
0.54 0
0.40 0.42
0.44 0.47
0.49 0.51
0.54 0.56
0.58 0.60
0.62 0.64
0.65 0
0.37 0.38
0.40 0.42
0.44 0.46
0.48 0.51
0.53 0.54
0.56 0.57
0.58 0
0.38 0.40
0.42 0.44
0.46 0.48
0.50 0.51
0.53 0.55
0.56 0.57
0.58 0
0.44 0.45
0.47 0.49
0.50 0.52
0.54 0.56
0.54 0.57
0.60 0.60
0.61 0 0.02
0.02 0.02
0.02 0.02
0.02 0.02
0.02 0.02
0.02 0.02
0.02 0.02
0.11 0.11
0.11 0.11
0.11 0.11
0.12 0.12
0.13 0.13
0.13 0.14
0.14 0.19
0.19 0.19
0.19 0.19
0.20 0.20
0.20 0.21
0.21 0.22
0.22 0.22
0.26 0.27
0.27 0.28
0.26 0.29
0.27 0.29
0.29 0.30
0.30 0.31
0.31 0.34
0.36 0.36
0.37 0.38
0.38 0.39
0.40 0.40
0.41 0.41
0.41 0.42
0.41 0.43
0.43 0.44
0.45 0.46
0.47 0.48
0.49 0.49
0.50 0.50
0.51 0.46
0.48 0.49
0.50 0.51
0.52 0.53
0.54 0.55
0.55 0.56
0.57 0.58
0.50 0.51
0.53 0.54
0.56 0.56
0.58 0.59
0.60 0.60
0.61 0.62
0.62 0.53
0.54 0.56
0.57 0.59
0.60 0.61
0.62 0.63
0.64 0.64
0.65 0.66
0.55 0.57
0.59 0.60
0.61 0.62
0.64 0.65
0.65 0.66
0.67 0.67
0.68 0.05
0.05 0.05
0.05 0.05
0.04 0.15
0.15 0.14
0.14 0.13
0.13 0.23
0.22 0.22
0.21 0.20
0.20 0.32
0.33 0.32
0.32 0.30
0.30 0.44
0.43 0.42
0.41 0.40
0.39 0.53
0.53 0.53
0.51 0.50
0.49 0.61
0.60 0.59
0.58 0.57
0.56 0.67
0.66 0.67
0.64 0.64
0.62 0.71
0.70 0.71
0.69 0.67
0.67 0.70
0.69 0.68
0.68 0.68
0.67 1.3 1.9 2.7
1.7 2.3 3.6 5.1 5.9 5.5
2.7 3.4 5.5 8.3 9.6 8.3 6.5 4.9 3.8
1.6 4.1 6.2 8.9 10.8 10.2 8.0 5.8 4.0 2.8 2.0
0.7 1.6 6.7 7.6 7.8 7.8 6.8 5.4 4.1 3.1 2.3 1.8 1.4 1.1
0.9 2.3 6.4 7.8 8.2 8.5 7.9 6.6 5.2 4.0 3.0 2.3 1.8 1.5 1.4
0.7 1.0 3.5 6.5 8.1 10.4 12.0 11.1 8.9 6.7 5.2 3.9 3.1 2.5 2.2 2.3 2.5
1.1 1.1 1.2 2.1 5.2 6.9 6.6 7.1 8.4 8.9 7.9 6.4 5.0 4.0 3.2 2.8 2.7 3.3 4.5 6.3 7.4
5.0 9.3 8.3 4.9 5.4 6.5 7.5 7.5 6.2 5.2 4.7 4.5 4.1 3.7 3.2 2.8 2.8 3.6 6.5 15.4 30.3 24.9 12.0 3.8
2.7 7.4 21.0 17.5 9.5 8.3 7.0 8.2 10.8 9.8 6.8 4.4 3.1 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.7 4.3 9.9 24.3 38.8 26.7 9.9 4.1 1.5
1.3 2.7 10.6 42.5 30.0 9.6 9.3 7.4 6.6 9.2 11.3 9.4 6.6 4.1 2.7 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.2 3.5 6.5 11.3 12.2 8.3 6.7 4.5 4.8 4.7 2.2
0.5 1.3 2.6 10.3 30.8 23.2 8.7 10.2 9.4 6.0 5.8 7.9 8.2 6.8 5.1 3.5 2.4 1.8 1.6 1.7 2.2 3.1 3.9 4.5 5.5 7.3 9.2 10.6 9.7 8.4 7.0
0.3 0.6 1.0 2.1 6.4 14.5 10.9 6.5 9.5 11.6 7.4 4.4 4.4 5.5 5.5 4.7 3.7 2.8 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.5 3.6 6.2 8.5 10.3 17.0 16.6 10.3 9.6 8.2 8.4 1.9 2.0
0.5 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.5 3.3 5.6 4.9 4.2 7.1 10.4 8.5 4.8 3.0 3.0 3.6 3.6 3.2 2.7 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.8 2.5 4.5 8.4 10.7 12.1 25.2 23.1 11.5 10.3 8.4 8.8 11.0 3.4 4.2 4.4 4.6
1.2 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.2 2.0 2.7 2.6 2.7 4.7 7.7 7.4 5.3 3.0 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.0 3.3 6.7 11.2 11.4 12.6 22.0 20.6 11.8 12.1 9.1 7.4 9.7 10.3 8.1 3.3 8.4 12.9 13.8 15.3 6.2
2.6 2.4 2.1 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.8 3.0 5.2 5.8 4.8 3.1 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.7 4.9 8.8 11.1 10.0 10.5 15.4 14.5 10.4 12.5 10.5 6.7 6.6 8.3 7. 9 7.0 6.0 22.3 48.0 45.8 50.0
2.9 6.2 8.5 9.4 6.7 3.8 2.3 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 2.0 3.4 4.3 4.0 3.0 1.9 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.7 2.3 3.7 7.0 9.7 9.7 7.9 7.9 10.1 9.5 8.2 10.7 10.2 6.9 5.0 5.9 7 .1 8.1 9.1 10.4 8.5 12.1 26.5 80.6 63.4
6.9 15.0 36.5 34.9 18.6 7.5 3.4 2.0 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.4 2.2 3.1 3.2 2.7 1.9 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.7 2.9 5.5 11.5 13.5 9.4 6.5 6.2 6.8 6.2 6.3 8.4 8.7 7.0 5.0 5 .1 7.0 12.8 32.2 38.4 16.9 6.2 24.7 52.7 30.4 35.7 29.0
1.1 6.7 14.9 30.9 30.4 16.1 7.0 3.4 2.1 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.5 2.2 2.4 2.3 1.8 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.7 3.9 8.5 30.8 34.8 11.5 6.9 5.6 5.3 5.0 5.1 6.6 7.2 6.5 5.3 5.2 8.0 20.3 56.7 58.1 16.2 6.6 3.1 3.4 6.4 20.4 57.9 36.2 17.3
2.6 2.0 1.6 3.1 10.0 10.9 10.7 8.8 5.9 3.8 2.5 1.8 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.7 4.5 9.8 54.5 57.9 13.0 8.0 7.0 7.3 6.3 5.2 5.6 6 .1 6.1 5.9 6.7 9.5 15.9 24.7 21.9 16.4 10.3 6.7 4.5 4.9 6.1 8.6 10.9 11.3
15.7 15.5 9.9 5.4 5.0 8.2 9.7 10.7 11.4 9.6 6.8 4.4 2.9 2.0 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.9 2.4 2.4 3.6 9.3 24.5 24.8 13.4 14.0 22.7 21.0 11. 4 6.1 5.1 5.6 6.2 7.4 9.7 13.0 15.3 16.3 17.9 19.8 18.4 16.4 14.5 12.0 10.0 9.3 8.3 8.2 6.2
29.9 29.9 31.6 19.2 8.6 7.3 7.9 7.6 8.6 10.9 11.4 9.1 6.7 4.7 3.2 2.2 1.6 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.6 2.1 3.0 4.2 5.7 6.2 5.1 10.7 11.5 13.7 28.0 45.3 28 .8 11.9 5.8 4.7 5.6 7.2 9.9 13.2 16.0 16.0 16.9 21.7 29.6 26.0 21.4 21.3 17.1 14.7 11.2 9.1 7.9 4.4
20.6 44.1 35.2 47.6 29.7 8.3 7.5 9.2 8.5 6.8 6.8 8.1 8.0 6.6 5.2 4.0 2.9 2.1 1.6 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 2.2 3.8 7.9 15.6 17.5 12.3 6.3 3.4 3.6 10.7 15.7 18. 1 11.3 6.2 4.4 4.5 6.1 8.3 10.7 13.2 14.9 16.6 20.4 27.8 33.4 25.4 26.7 28.9 17.4 12.6 10.6 9.0 7.8
5.8 17.5 25.2 20.3 31.2 20.9 7.1 6.9 10.2 11.9 8.6 5.7 5.0 5.3 5.3 4.7 3.8 3.1 2.4 1.9 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 2.0 3.2 7.5 20.6 40.0 39.2 14.7 8.6 4.1 5.8 10.5 1 0.5 7.5 5.6 4.4 4.0 4.7 6.1 7.8 9.7 11.6 13.8 17.4 21.6 25.2 25.0 19.7 29.4 31.6 18.1 13.6 12.7 9.6
1.9 4.3 8.2 9.1 10.5 15.3 11.0 6.8 6.9 9.1 12.4 11.1 7.5 4.8 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.2 2.8 2.3 1.9 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.7 2.2 3.7 7.7 16.4 23.4 16.1 12.0 13.2 12.6 14.7 1 7.6 15.3 7.7 5.2 4.3 4.1 4.6 5.5 6.8 8.2 9.9 12.5 16.1 19.5 19.7 16.5 15.2 24.8 29.0 21.6 16.4 12.9
0.9 1.5 2.5 3.7 4.8 7.3 9.3 9.6 11.7 10.4 8.9 11.1 11.6 9.6 6.5 4.1 3.0 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.7 2.2 3.1 4.5 6.0 6.6 7.0 10.7 25.2 22.6 14.9 33 .1 42.4 16.5 5.9 4.0 3.8 4.2 4.8 5.7 6.8 8.4 10.6 14.1 17.3 17.5 12.9 13.1 21.6 28.9 23.5 15.3 8.9
1.3 1.7 3.1 5.0 11.0 13.2 21.4 29.5 18.3 11.8 13.2 13.6 11.0 7.6 4.8 3.1 2.3 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.1 2.7 3.1 3.6 4.6 5.7 12.4 41.8 33.0 11.0 18.7 33.1 21.2 7.8 4.2 3.5 3.7 4.1 4.8 5.9 7.1 8.7 11.4 16.8 19.8 15.3 12.7 20.6 30.5 24.0 11.3
4.3 9.5 48.8 41.0 47.1 43.2 23.2 21.5 19.0 14.9 10.7 7.3 5.0 3.4 2.5 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.6 3.2 3.6 4.2 4.6 5.2 11.4 27.9 21.6 8.0 7.6 12.5 12.0 7.0 4.3 3.4 3.3 3.6 4.3 5.2 6.1 7.0 8.6 15.5 24.3 22.4 13.6 20.0 32.2 20.2
14.6 90.0 54.4 35.1 27.2 26.0 27.4 19.1 12.0 8.4 6.6 5.3 4.2 3.3 2.7 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.5 4.1 5.4 7.5 7.3 5.5 4.9 7.8 13.3 10.0 5.6 4.7 5.3 5.6 4. 8 3.9 3.4 3.3 3.6 4.2 4.9 5.5 5.9 6.8 11.0 23.2 25.7 14.9 17.1 22.8
20.5 18.8 15.3 17.1 15.3 11.1 8.9 8.5 7.9 7.1 5.9 4.8 3.8 3.2 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.1 2.9 2.5 3.8 6.3 14.2 30.2 15.7 7.2 5.7 6.1 6.7 5.4 4.0 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.4 3 .5 4.0 4.8 5.5 6.0 6.1 6.3 7.9 12.8 16.5 14.4 13.8 11.6
5.0 8.3 10.1 10.2 10.8 12.1 12.2 10.9 9.1 7.6 6.2 5.0 4.1 3.7 3.7 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.3 5.7 4.6 4.8 10.3 41.9 66.8 22.5 13.0 11.1 7.8 5.4 4.0 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3 .9 4.8 6.3 8.4 10.3 10.7 9.4 8.4 9.7 9.9 9.6 8.1
8.7 10.3 11.1 12.5 12.6 10.9 9.3 8.2 7.2 5.9 4.9 4.7 5.2 6.4 9.6 15.4 17.4 13.2 10.4 5.2 12.2 29.8 35.6 30.0 38.1 24.0 10.6 5.3 3.5 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.8 4.3 5.6 8.0 11.9 17.2 22.7 22.2 13.4 9.2 6.8 3.3
8.8 9.9 10.7 10.3 9.3 8.5 8.6 8.8 7.4 5.8 6.1 7.0 8.7 16.5 33.4 49.7 30.9 15.8 6.5 6.7 14.5 20.8 35.1 38.0 19.0 7.7 4.1 2.9 2.6 2.7 3.1 3.6 4.1 4.4 4.5 5.1 6.3 8.6 1 2.7 18.3 24.6 26.7 18.0 10.2 5.3
11.9 11.9 10.1 9.0 10.9 15.5 12.2 7.9 9.5 10.7 9.5 13.2 24.4 33.0 25.9 21.1 11.0 4.5 4.5 11.1 12.0 10.1 6.4 4.1 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.7 3.3 4.2 5.0 5.6 6.0 6.6 8.1 10.7 13 .7 16.0 16.7 15.6 12.6 8.2 2.8
10.4 9.8 9.3 14.2 30.3 25.6 12.6 21.0 20.4 11.3 11.6 16.6 18.8 25.0 36.8 19.0 8.0 11.0 11.7 9.8 6.7 5.0 3.6 2.8 2.5 2.5 2.8 3.6 4.8 6.0 7.0 7.4 7.9 9.6 12.6 16.3 1 7.6 15.8 13.3 11.3 4.9
7.5 8.1 13.1 41.6 41.6 20.9 41.7 31.1 12.8 13.4 16.3 18.4 45.4 72.4 20.5 11.4 14.4 29.2 21.4 8.3 4.8 3.5 2.9 2.6 2.6 2.9 3.6 5.1 6.8 8.1 8.5 8.5 9.8 13.0 16.3 16. 7 15.1 11.9 9.5
9.0 23.8 30.6 24.5 46.7 23.8 11.8 12.5 12.3 13.9 27.8 28.8 11.7 10.6 13.0 38.8 39.7 16.2 5.9 3.6 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.8 3.5 5.0 7.4 9.2 9.7 8.9 9.8 13.5 17.8 18.7 15.1 9 .7
10.6 16.8 18.4 17.7 13.2 10.8 10.6 10.3 12.2 15.1 14.7 11.5 10.2 9.1 16.7 25.5 16.2 6.9 4.0 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.7 3.2 4.6 7.5 10.4 11.5 9.9 10.4 14.5 19.0 17.8 11.3 6. 3
6.9 8.2 6.8 9.5 11.3 12.2 14.9 16.6 15.1 12.0 9.3 7.5 7.7 9.7 8.9 5.8 4.2 3.6 3.2 2.8 2.7 3.0 4.1 7.1 11.7 13.6 11.1 10.4 14.3 17.6 13.3 6.9
2.7 5.3 11.7 13.2 13.4 13.9 14.0 13.1 10.9 8.0 5.9 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.4 3.7 3.1 2.9 3.0 3.8 6.2 11.1 14.6 11.6 10.0 12.5 14.1 8.7
18.8 35.7 29.4 16.3 11.3 10.2 9.6 7.5 4.9 3.6 3.4 3.6 4.5 5.9 6.0 4.5 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.7 5.3 8.7 12.7 11.2 9.1 10.3 9.8 5.6
39.7 34.6 19.0 10.4 9.5 10.2 9.2 5.5 3.6 3.2 3.7 6.2 9.6 8.7 5.6 3.9 3.6 3.9 4.4 5.2 7.3 9.8 10.0 8.9 8.7 6.7
9.5 7.0 7.5 10.5 11.3 7.4 4.4 3.6 4.7 10.6 15.4 12.1 6.7 4.8 4.4 4.9 6.1 7.2 8.6 9.9 9.6 8.4 7.3
3.7 4.6 7.7 10.8 8.6 5.4 4.5 6.5 18.0 22.6 14.9 8.7 7.0 6.6 7.3 9.4 14.3 17.8 12.9 10.1 4.5
4.5 7.0 7.8 6.0 5.7 8.4 22.6 26.5 18.5 15.7 13.2 13.5 15.0 16.6 28.1 59.7 37.0 11.4 3.7
4.4 5.9 5.8 6.1 9.0 18.3 24.8 36.1 28.4 20.7 24.4 30.7 29.2 27.5 53.1 42.8 14.1
4.5 3.2 8.6 16.5 35.3 50.6 28.0 20.4 25.6 31.1 30.3 21.2 17.8 14.4
1.9 3.9 13.2 22.9 25.1 16.2 13.9 14.1 14.0 13.5 13.5 12.4
6.6 12.8 15.2 13.4 10.8 8.8 9.5 12.1 13.1 9.8
13.6 30.0 35.9 17.0 12.3 17.9 25.0 18.9
60.3 25.9 16.5 19.7 21.1
13.8 12.1 11.9
4.6 LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
Date:8/14/2023
CULVER CROSSINGS
CONSTRUCTION SITE LIGHTING
LIGHT TRESPASS ILLUMINATION ANALYSIS AT
NEAREST RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES
LIGHT TRESPASS ILLUMINANCE LIMIT: 0.74 MAX AT RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY LINE (SOURCE: IESNA HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION, TABLE 4.2 LIGHTING ZONE 3) LIGHTING ILLUMINANCE CRITERIA: 10 FC AVERAGE TARGET
(SOURCE: IESNA HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION, TABLE 30.2
Calculation Summary
Label CalcType Units Avg Max Min Avg/Min Max/Min Obs Y
VP-N_Side_3 Illuminance Fc 0.55 0.69 0.37 1.49 1.86 N.A.
View_1:Vertical Calculation Plane_North
Calculation Plane Dimensions: 240' Wide x 42' Tall
VP-N
0.40 0.42 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.51 0.54 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62 0.64 0.65 0.66 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.69 0.68 0.67 0.64
0.37 0.38 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.58 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.56 0.54
0.38 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.51 0.53 0.55 0.56 0.57 0.58 0.58 0.59 0.58 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.51
0.44 0.45 0.47 0.49 0.50 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.54 0.57 0.60 0.60 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.59 0.58 0.52 0.56 0.56 0.55 0.53
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
Date:8/14/2023
CULVER CROSSINGS
CONSTRUCTION SITE LIGHTING
LIGHT TRESPASS ILLUMINATION ANALYSIS AT
NEAREST RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES
LIGHTING ILLUMINANCE CRITERIA: 10 FC AVERAGE TARGET
(SOURCE: IESNA HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION, TABLE 30.2
LIGHT TRESPASS ILLUMINANCE LIMIT: 0.74 MAX AT RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY LINE (SOURCE: IESNA HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION, TABLE 4.2 LIGHTING ZONE 3) Calculation Summary
Label CalcType Units Avg Max Min Avg/Min Max/Min Obs Y
VP-S_Side_1 Illuminance Fc 0.44 0.66 0.23 1.91 2.87 N.A.
View_1:Vertical Calculation Plane_South
Calculation Plane Dimensions: 270' Wide x 100' Tall
VP-S
0.39 0.40 0.41 0.43 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.41 0.39 0.36 0.33 0.31 0.28 0.26 0.24 0.23
0.38 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.41 0.42 0.42 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.41 0.40 0.38 0.36 0.34 0.32 0.30 0.28 0.27 0.25 0.24
0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.43 0.44 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.41 0.40 0.39 0.37 0.35 0.34 0.32 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.25
0.49 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.42 0.42 0.46 0.40 0.46 0.46 0.45 0.43 0.44 0.44 0.42 0.42 0.40 0.38 0.38 0.36 0.35 0.33 0.31 0.31 0.29 0.28 0.27
0.54 0.53 0.52 0.52 0.51 0.50 0.50 0.49 0.49 0.48 0.48 0.47 0.46 0.46 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.41 0.39 0.38 0.36 0.35 0.34 0.32 0.31 0.30 0.28
0.57 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.52 0.51 0.51 0.50 0.49 0.49 0.48 0.46 0.45 0.44 0.42 0.41 0.39 0.38 0.37 0.35 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.30
0.61 0.60 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.52 0.51 0.50 0.49 0.48 0.46 0.45 0.43 0.42 0.41 0.39 0.38 0.37 0.36 0.35 0.33 0.32
0.63 0.62 0.61 0.60 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.53 0.52 0.51 0.50 0.48 0.47 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.42 0.41 0.40 0.39 0.37 0.36 0.35 0.34
0.65 0.64 0.63 0.62 0.60 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.53 0.51 0.50 0.49 0.47 0.46 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.42 0.41 0.40 0.39 0.38 0.36 0.35
0.66 0.65 0.64 0.63 0.62 0.60 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.55 0.54 0.53 0.52 0.51 0.49 0.48 0.47 0.46 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.42 0.41 0.40 0.38 0.37 0.36
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
Date:8/14/2023
CULVER CROSSINGS
CONSTRUCTION SITE LIGHTING
LIGHT TRESPASS ILLUMINATION ANALYSIS AT
NEAREST RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES
LIGHT TRESPASS ILLUMINANCE LIMIT: 0.74 MAX AT RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY LINE (SOURCE: IESNA HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION, TABLE 4.2 LIGHTING ZONE 3) LIGHTING ILLUMINANCE CRITERIA: 10 FC AVERAGE TARGET
(SOURCE: IESNA HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION, TABLE 30.2
Calculation Summary
Label CalcType Units Avg Max Min Avg/Min Max/Min Obs Y
VP-W2_Side_1 Illuminance Fc 0.33 0.68 0.02 16.50 34.00 N.A.
VPW1_Side_1 Illuminance Fc 0.43 0.71 0.04 10.75 17.75 N.A.
View_1:Vertical Calculation Plane_West
Calculation Plane Dimensions: VPW-1 : 60' Wide x 100' Tall, VPW-2 : 250' Wide x 100' Tall VP-W1 VP-W2
0.11 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.14
0.15 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.22
0.19 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.23 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.26 0.29 0.27 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.31 0.31
0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.34 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.40 0.40 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.42
0.25 0.26 0.27 0.29 0.30 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.36 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.43 0.43 0.44 0.45 0.46 0.47 0.48 0.49 0.49 0.50 0.50 0.51
0.28 0.29 0.30 0.32 0.34 0.35 0.37 0.38 0.40 0.42 0.43 0.45 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.50 0.51 0.52 0.53 0.54 0.55 0.55 0.56 0.57 0.58
0.30 0.31 0.33 0.35 0.37 0.38 0.40 0.42 0.43 0.45 0.47 0.49 0.50 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.56 0.56 0.58 0.59 0.60 0.60 0.61 0.62 0.62
0.32 0.34 0.35 0.37 0.39 0.41 0.43 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.56 0.57 0.59 0.60 0.61 0.62 0.63 0.64 0.64 0.65 0.66
0.34 0.35 0.37 0.39 0.41 0.43 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.52 0.54 0.55 0.57 0.59 0.60 0.61 0.62 0.64 0.65 0.65 0.66 0.67 0.67 0.68
0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04
0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13
0.23 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.20 0.20
0.32 0.33 0.32 0.32 0.30 0.30
0.44 0.43 0.42 0.41 0.40 0.39
0.53 0.53 0.53 0.51 0.50 0.49
0.61 0.60 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.56
0.67 0.66 0.67 0.64 0.64 0.62
0.71 0.70 0.71 0.69 0.67 0.67
0.70 0.69 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.67
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
LIGHTING CALCULATION REPORT
ES025_Light Tresspass Study.AGI
Date:8/14/2023
CULVER CROSSINGS
CONSTRUCTION SITE LIGHTING
LIGHT TRESPASS ILLUMINATION ANALYSIS AT
NEAREST RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES
LIGHTING ILLUMINANCE CRITERIA: 10 FC AVERAGE TARGET
(SOURCE: IESNA HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION, TABLE 30.2
LIGHT TRESPASS ILLUMINANCE LIMIT: 0.74 MAX AT RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY LINE (SOURCE: IESNA HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION, TABLE 4.2 LIGHTING ZONE 3) Pseudo Color Illuminance Rendering