FORT BRAGG WAYFINDING PLAN
Finding your way around Fort Bragg…..
April, 2015
Prepared by Marie Jones
Glass Beach Guest House Coastal Trail
Noyo Harbor Old Town Trestle Bridge
Skate Park Town Hall Skunk Train
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2 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS
2. Introduction ..............................................................................................................4 Wayfinding Defined......................................................................................................4
3. Wayfinding Workshop & Recommendations.............................................................8 Existing Wayfinding Signage – Current Conditions...................................................9 Wayfinding Destinations.........................................................................................12 Signage Examples from Other Communities..........................................................13 Preferred Signage Colors.......................................................................................15 Welcome Sign........................................................................................................16 Public Art................................................................................................................18
4. Auto-Oriented Wayfinding ......................................................................................19 Destinations...............................................................................................................19 Wayfinding Signage System......................................................................................19 Gateway Signs.......................................................................................................20 Drive & Park Wayfinding Signage Plan ..................................................................21 Sign Design............................................................................................................24 Sign Plan................................................................................................................24
5. Pedestrian Oriented Wayfinding.............................................................................32 Urban Design for Wayfinding .....................................................................................32 Pedestrian Wayfinding Signage .............................................................................33 Pedestrian Wayfinding and Public Art ....................................................................35
6. Pre-visit Technology...............................................................................................38
7. Collateral Materials ................................................................................................39
8. Visitor Centers .......................................................................................................39
9. Budget ...................................................................................................................40
10. Next Steps .............................................................................................................40
11. Appendix A: Existing Conditions.............................................................................41
12. Appendix B: Proposed Signage Plan..........................................................................
13. Appendix C: Comprehensive List of Existing & Proposed Signage.............................
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3 Table of Figures
Figure 1: Directional Map & Cognitive Map of an Experience_______________________ 6 Figure 2: Wayfinding Tools ____________________________________________________ 7 Figure 3: Fort Bragg Wayfinding Deficiencies ___________________________________ 11 Figure 4: Preferred Wayfinding Destinations ____________________________________ 12 Figure 5: Preferred Wayfinding Design _________________________________________ 13 Figure 6: Sample Wayfinding Signs ____________________________________________ 14 Figure 7: Wayfinding Sign Color Options _______________________________________ 15 Figure 8: Welcome Sign Design Options ________________________________________ 16 Figure 9: Pedestrian Kiosks ___________________________________________________ 17 Figure 10: Pedestrian Map Options ____________________________________________ 17 Figure 11: Public Art Options _________________________________________________ 18 Figure 12: New Welcome Sign and Club Symbols ________________________________ 20 Figure 13: Sign Destination By Arrow Direction _________________________________ 22 Figure 14: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Hare Creek to North Harbor Drive _____ 25 Figure 15: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – North Harbor Drive to Maple Street ____ 26 Figure 16: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Maple Street to Pine Street ____________ 27 Figure 17: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Pine Street to Pudding Creek Rd. ______ 28 Figure 18: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Pudding Creek Rd. to Virgin Creek ____ 29 Figure 19: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan - Laurel Street & Maple Street __________ 30 Figure 20: Noyo Harbor Wayfinding Sign_______________________________________ 31 Figure 21: Staff Recommended Kiosk Design ____________________________________ 32 Figure 22: New Downtown Wayfinding Directory _______________________________ 33 Figure 23: Pedestrian Wayfinding______________________________________________ 33 Figure 25: Downtown Pedestrian Signage Plan __________________________________ 34 Figure 26: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Signs _____ Error! Bookmark not defined.
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4 2. INTRODUCTION
WAYFINDING DEFINED
Navigation from place to place is a
fundamental human activity and an integral
part of our everyday life. Where are you and
where are you going? These are
fundamental questions that people answer
for themselves through their knowledge and
experience of an area. However, visitors and
newcomers often cannot answer these
simple questions. Sometimes they don’t
know where they are, and they often don’t
know how to get where they want to go.
They may not even know where they want to
go. Visitors have no mental map of our
community; landmarks that tell us when to
turn (at CVS for the theater, at the Company
Store to get to downtown, and at the
Speedex to go to Glass Beach) are simply
not legible to visitors and newcomers.
Instead they rely on existing confusing and
inconsistent signage along Highway 1 to find
their way to important destinations like the
Noyo Harbor, Glass Beach, the Central
Business District, and the Skunk Train (see Appendix A for a detailed photo montage of our confusing signage).
A wonderfully designed place presents itself to tourists and residents alike with intuitive ease: the museum is on the hill, commerce is on the main street, the civic center is in the center of town. Fort Bragg achieves some of this intuitive legibility along Main Street; however for everything off the beaten path the City needs a wayfinding system. A comprehensive wayfinding system
consists of utilizing the City’s website, directional signs, street banners, pavement markings, public art and information
plaques, and maps and kiosks to help everyone find their way and identify the important parts of town to see and experience.
Since wayfinding isn’t just about installing a set of nicely designed signs, it requires an analysis of our community and how we are trying to move people through it, and the
development of a strategy to make this small but complex City, simple and understandable to the visitor. The wayfinding Wayfinding is
about striking
a balance
between
intuitive
navigation
and individual
discovery.
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5 program should clarify to people what Fort Bragg is about, how they should move through Fort Bragg and where they can find all the really important stuff. Smart city wayfinding takes into account how people use information, how they travel (by bike, by foot, or by car), and our many differing destinations and, in some cases, the fact that we don’t all speak the same language. The system will comprehensively cover our entire city, not just our downtown.
Overt signage is just one component of wayfinding. Wide sidewalks tell pedestrians that they are welcome. Public art draws people down a street. Street lighting indicates where it’s safe and even fun to walk at night. Street banners tie together the downtown – and inform passing cars when they’ve left it. Many of these little nudges speak to us on an almost subconscious level and Fort Bragg has many of the nudges in place. However there are also many opportunities for improvement.
Of course, we must remember that there is also joy in being lost in a town, in stumbling upon a side street, exceptional restaurant or an unexpected park. That allure of wandering through Fort Bragg would be lost if every surface were plastered with directional cues like: hole-in-the-wall bar over here; used bookstore 500 feet this way! Indeed wayfinding is not advertising and cannot be utilized to direct people to specific businesses. Wayfinding is non-commercial signage.
ECONOMIC BENEFITS
An effective wayfinding system will reinforce the sense of place and promote Fort Bragg as a place to visit and stay. Wayfinding can increase the length of stay for visitors, because visitors will engage in all our community offers, stay longer and spend more at stores, restaurants and gas stations. In general smaller destinations with fewer activities see the most benefits from a wayfinding system because people can easily identify, find and participate in the fun things to do in the community, which results in increased appreciation of the community and the visit experience, which when relayed to friends, workmates and family may increase visits to Fort Bragg. It also increases the likelihood of the person returning for another visit in the future.
WAYFINDING THEORY
How do people orientate, navigate and remember their way through the built environment - the physical structure of a city? Why do people recognize or understand one place easier than another? Over time people develop a cognitive (mental) map of a location that includes activities, landmarks, and destinations. This mental map is nothing like a directional map (see illustrations below).
The wayfinding
system should be
developed to serve
the greatest
number of people
trying to find a
location.
The wayfinding
system should NOT
serve locations trying
to attract people.
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6 In a person’s mental map the urban space is understood in terms of paths, edges, nodes, landmarks, activities, and districts. Residents, and to a lesser degree visitors, use their mental map to navigate our community. This is why many old timers don’t know the name of particular streets but they all know where the A&W used to be….and hence where the A&W haul road is located.
Why is this mental map important for wayfinding? Because the fundamental purpose of Wayfinding is to help a visitor create a mental map of Fort Bragg and thereby navigate it to get to the hot spots they might want to visit. A key objective of wayfinding is to help each person form a mental map of our town, so that they can easily find what they are looking for.
Figure 1: Directional Map & Cognitive Map of an Experience How does wayfinding help visitors create a mental map? By utilizing a variety of wayfinding tools that literally draw a picture of our town in their mind’s eye and help them to navigate and discover our community and the surrounding activities and attractions.
WAYFINDING TOOLS & HIERARCHY
A good wayfinding system should include the following tools: pre-visit technology, highway signage, landmarks, pedestrian signage, visitor center, orientation maps, and public art and brochures as illustrated in Figure 2 below.
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7 Figure 2: Wayfinding Tools
Fort Bragg has many of these components. This plan identifies our system’s strengths and weaknesses and identifies strategies for developing an excellent wayfinding system.
Another way of thinking about wayfinding is through a hierarchy of actions (illustrated below). Wayfinding for a visitor typically starts with a visitor completing research online or hearing about our town from friends or through the news. Once the decision is made to visit, wayfinding includes a family entering our town by car, finding their destination, finding parking, and then walking to a destination/experience and or exploration of an area like the downtown.
Effective wayfinding must address each of these phases.
Highway
Signage
Landmarks
Pre-visit
Technology
Visitor
Center
Orientation
Maps
Public Art
Pedestrian
Signage Brochures
Experience - public art, destination activities, place
Explore - Interpretive signage, historical plaques, architecture Walk - Pedestrian-oriented signage, kiosks & maps
Park - Parking directional signage and orientation maps Drive - Street-based wayfinding signage, welcome signage Decide to Visit - Web research, travel guides, news stories, word of mouth Fort Bragg Wayfinding Plan - 2015
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8 WAYFINDING REGULATION BY CALTRANS
Wayfinding signage on Highway 1 is regulated by the California Manual or Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). Wayfinding is defined by the MUTCD-CA in Section 2D.50 as follows:
“Community wayfinding guide signs are part of a coordinated and continuous system of signs that direct tourists and other road users to key civic, cultural, visitor and recreational attractions and other destinations within a city or a localized urbanized or downtown area. Community wayfinding guide signs …. Have a common color and or identification enhancement marker for destinations within an overall….area.” The MUTCD-CA further notes that an encroachment permit is required for the placement of wayfinding signs within a state highway.
The City consulted with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) regarding this proposed plan. The consultation included: Caltrans’ review of a draft plan; a site visit and review of the plan with Caltrans staff; and submission by Caltrans of a comment letter (see Attachment 1) requesting a few changes to the plan which have been incorporated into this final draft.
3. WAYFINDING WORKSHOP & RECOMMENDATIONS
On August 14, 2013 the community was invited to attend a community workshop to inform the Fort Bragg Wayfinding Plan. Two sessions were held at 8:30 and 5:30 to facilitate active participation. A little over 30 people participated in the two workshops, which were designed to maximize participation. Each participant was asked to visit seven stations, which included:
1) Existing wayfinding signage - current conditions;
2) Major destinations to emphasize with the wayfinding system; 3) Wayfinding signage examples from other communities;
4) Wayfinding signage color choices and logos;
5) Pedestrian kiosks and downtown maps from other communities; 6) The Fort Bragg welcome sign; and
7) Public art samples from other communities.
At each station, residents and business owners were asked to vote for the images and ideas that they liked the most, provide comments on post it notes, and provide feedback on comment sheets. Feedback from the workshop was very positive, as community members felt that it gave them a real opportunity to think about and look at examples and even to express ideas that they might not feel comfortable expressing in a room full of people.
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9 The results of the workshop were used to inform the design of the City’s Wayfinding Plan and are summarized below.
EXISTING WAYFINDING SIGNAGE – CURRENT CONDITIONS
Fort Bragg’s current signage includes an array of sign types, sizes, colors, mounting techniques and locations that have been installed over the years by various agencies and destinations to address the needs of the time. This free-market signage approach has created visual clutter and may project a disorganized and disorienting City image.
General comments from the workshop regarding the existing conditions of the wayfinding system include:
Need to indicate activities in the harbor
Need to adopt a consistent format with varying colors to indicate different destinations
Need a wayfinding sign for the Guest House Museum
In the downtown all the signs are for vehicles, we need signage for pedestrians City needs wayfinding signs for people once they leave the highway, once someone leaves the highway there is no signage program to actually help them find their destination.
Welcome sign north of town is not legible
Need better signage for parking lots
There are generally too many signs and of too many different types Signs are too cluttered in some areas and too small in others Can’t read the brown and white signs
When signs have different sizes, shapes, colors, placement, and typefaces their overall and individual effectiveness is diminished. There are 65 signs along Main Street that currently provide wayfinding assistance. However the signs do not have a cohesive look, size, font, color, style or location. Fort Bragg’s signage suffers from the general deficiencies illustrated in
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Figure 3.
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Figure 3: Fort Bragg Wayfinding Deficiencies
Additionally, as Appendix A illustrates, Fort Bragg has a lot of wayfinding signage, some supplied by Caltrans and specific agencies such as the Police, Hospital and Fire Department and some older wayfinding signage provided by the City. Of the 54 identified existing wayfinding signs, the City will retail 19 signs, the remainder will largely be replaced by 20 strategically placed wayfinding signs, which will greatly reduce the clutter on the street and improve the visitor experience by helping visitors find their way to all of our best destinations as defined in the next section.
Copy size is too small or
Panel size is too small to be
read
Poor graphic layouts reduce
legibility
Damaged/disorganized
signs create a lack of trust in
the quality of the
information.
Inconsistent
heights/placement requires
user to search for
information.
Mix of sign systems & too
much information at a
single location
Redundant signs for the
same location
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WAYFINDING DESTINATIONS
A good Fort Bragg wayfinding system should link people to the key destination of the community. Workshop participants were asked to select important destinations for the City’s wayfinding system. As shown in the poster below there was general consensus about the key wayfinding destinations which include:
1. Destinations: Historic Downtown (6), Skunk Train (4), Noyo Harbor (4), Glass Beach (4), Guest House Museum (2), Pudding Creek Trestle (2), Company Store (2), Wordworking school (2), Cotton Auditorium (1)
2. Recreation: Fort Bragg Coastal Trail (4), Pomo Bluffs Park (0), CV Starr Center (5), MacKerricher Haul Road (3), Wiggly-Giggly Playground (2), Hare Creek Beach (1), Dog Parks (2), Farmer’s Market (2), Otis Johnson Park (2), ball fields (0), tennis courts (0), Noyo Beach (0)
3. Public Parking: (3)
4. Services: Visitor Center (3), Public restrooms (6), Senior Center (1), Internet Access/ WiFi Hotspots (2)
5. Civic Buildings: Library (2), Town Hall (1), Post office (0)
6. Public Safety: Hospital (3), Police Station (2), Fire Station (1) Figure 4: Preferred Wayfinding Destinations
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Caltrans allows only three destinations per
wayfinding sign (see right). The
community’s prioritization of destinations
was used to determine the number and
placement of wayfinding signs for each
key destination along Main Street.
SIGNAGE EXAMPLES FROM
OTHER COMMUNITIES
In order to gauge community sentiment about wayfinding styles and options, staff prepared a poster board of a wide variety of wayfinding signs from other communities.
Workshop participants voted en masse for three general signage types. The historic wrought iron style was appreciated for its overall design and received 15 votes, while the simple blue signage received 11 votes for legibility. Participants also appreciated the incorporation of smartphone technologies into pedestrian wayfinding.
Figure 5: Preferred Wayfinding Design
Historic Blue Technology
Caltrans Regulations
1) Sign Color
– Preferred: Green
– Permitted: Black, White, Blue, Brown
– Forbidden: Red, Orange, Yellow, Purple
2) Signs must be Retroreflective
3) Commercial logos & messages are not
permitted
4) Three or fewer destinations per sign
5) Signs must be rectangular
6) Must use Caltrans’ arrow
7) Font Size
25+ MPH: uppercase 6” & lowercase 4”
<25 MPH uppercase 4” & lowercase 3”
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Figure 6: Sample Wayfinding Signs
Participants provided the following contextual comments:
The selected sign should give the City the flexibility to change destinations as they move and as development expands onto the Mill Site Like historic look, but the block letters of the blue pedestrian sign Simple and clean are best
Legibility is most important
This community input about sign design has been incorporated into the signage design for this plan.
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PREFERRED SIGNAGE COLORS
Caltrans limits the colors of wayfinding signage along Route 1. Additionally, different colors may be used for different neighborhoods but not for different activities. In other words we could select one color for downtown, but not a color for recreational activities.
Generally in a town the size of Fort Bragg only one color is necessary. As shown in the poster below, workshop participants preferred royal blue (8) and deep green (8) as the signage colors for the City’s wayfinding system.
Figure 7: Wayfinding Sign Color Options
Participants provided the following comments with regard to signage color:
Blue and white are the most visible and easy to pick out from the other signage Keep graphics small and simple, words and arrows are best Blue fits in with the beach/ocean theme of the City
I like blue & white for government function and black & white for historic/visitor Like the logo concept but not one of the 3 shown
If every sign has a logo, signs will be identified as official signs Like logo concept but not on every sign
Consider turquoise – a different dark or strong green Arrows to the right of the text is a more natural way to read. Blue with white letters are the easiest to read and the best contrast. Please use symbols for parking, restrooms, etc.
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WELCOME SIGN
The City Council has discussed the revisions to the Fort Bragg Welcome sign at two City Council meetings. The wayfinding workshop provided an opportunity to obtain additional feedback from community members. The workshop participants overwhelmingly supported the relocation of the welcome and event signage to south of the bridge, and the relocation of the service club/church logos to the east side of the highway between Highway 20 and Boatyard Drive.
Figure 8: Welcome Sign Design Options
Contextual comments from participants included the following:
1. CV Starr sign should not be included in the event signage unless it is to promote an event.
2. Senior Center should be included with service clubs.
3. All the signs are ugly (4 votes).
4. Need a clear sign, should be just the welcome sign.
5. Need to update the image and graphics of the Welcome Sign. It seems dated. It is not who we are today. We need to think “branding” to create a clear consistent recognizable image for Fort Bragg.
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DOWNTOWN MAPS AND KIOSKS
Participants preferred a strong contemporary design for the downtown kiosks. Clean lines, colorful materials,
and interesting design were the preference of
workshop attendees. Designs with a black background
were appreciated.
The City’s existing kiosks have a simple traditional look and are considerably less professional looking than
those preferred by workshop participants.
Workshop participants offered up a consensus
response for the design and style of the Downtown
Map. There was a strong preference for a map with
each destination identified on the map, rather than
through a legend. Additionally, participants responded
to graphical depictions of the buildings on the map to
help in wayfinding.
Figure 10: Pedestrian Map Options
Comments regarding the map included:
We need a consistent map for the kiosk,
handouts and web-based apps.
We need a “bigger view” map in the
kiosk as well to direct people to the
harbor, Pudding Creek, Glass Beach,
etc.
We need a large space for public
posting in a single downtown location
(like the fence in front of Corners of the
Mouth). The current kiosk posting
boards are too small and people cover
over your posts before your event
occurs.
We need to include historic sites and
buildings on the map.
Color code the map by type of business.
Figure 9: Pedestrian Kiosks
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Staff has revised the Downtown Map based on these comments and it has been placed in the kiosks.
PUBLIC ART
Workshop input regarding public art was ambiguous. There is a wide variety of opinion about what public art best fits Fort Bragg. Generally, Public Art that represents nature or natural forms was preferred by most participants.
Figure 11: Public Art Options
Comments regarding public art were creative and useful and include:
1. Consider interactive public art such as photo ops, climbing structures, etc.
2. Consider context of art, it should be appropriately sized for the location so that it is not dwarfed by its context.
3. Public art that reflects Fort Bragg’s history is good. Fort Bragg’s redwood section is educational, interesting and attractive.
4. Murals make a boring building more interesting.
5. Consider climate and use of our natural materials that weather well. Ceramic mosaic murals are good and sculptures that reflect the region are great too.
6. Keep historic theme for public art in the downtown.
7. Need a Paul Bunyan Days sculpture.
8. Develop a city-identity art piece– e.g. public art that celebrates whales since we have the Blue Whale Skeleton.
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4. AUTO-ORIENTED WAYFINDING
DESTINATIONS
The wayfinding system will emphasize the following Fort Bragg destinations by order of importance:
1. Major Destinations: Historic Downtown, Skunk Train, Noyo Harbor, Glass Beach, Coastal Trail, CV Starr Center, MacKerricher Haul Road, Public Restrooms, Public Parking, Visitor Center, Hospital
Major destinations will have two to three wayfinding signs (each direction) on Highway 1 directing traffic to these destinations.
2. Important Destinations: Guest House Museum, Pudding Creek Trestle, Company Store, Workworking Program, Wiggly-Giggly Playground, Otis Johnson Park, Farmer’s Market, Dog Parks, WiFi Hotspots, Library, Police Station.
Important destinations will have at least one sign (each direction) on Highway 1 directing vehicles to these locations.
3. Minor Destinations: Cotton Auditorium, Pomo Bluffs Park, Hare Creek Beach, Noyo Beach, Senior Center, Town Hall, Post Office, Fire Station Minor destinations will have only one sign (each direction) on Highway 1 directing traffic to these destinations, where feasible. In some cases no sign on highway 1 is feasible due to limitations by Caltrans on number and location of signage. Signage to these locations will be placed on secondary streets (such as Franklin, Oak, and Laurel Streets.)
WAYFINDING SIGNAGE SYSTEM
Signage is the most visible element of the wayfinding
system. A well designed wayfinding sign program
performs a place making role by creating a unique
identity or sense of place, thereby effectively creating a brand image in the urban environment. The key
objective of wayfinding signage is to help people find
their way in as effortless a way as possible. The goals of this wayfinding signage plan are to:
• Coordinate signage into a cohesive
comprehensive system
• Reduce sign clutter
• Provide coordinated directional signage to
destinations & parking areas
“Signage either adds some
degree of quality to the
environment in which it
finds itself or it takes
something away,
diminishing the experience
by being distracting to the
visitor. If a message is
there and is unnecessary
that’s a serious distraction
that should be avoided….
Less is more.” – Chris
Calori
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Wayfinding signage cannot be used to guide visitors to every destination, as the signage itself can become so busy and distracting that visitors can no longer distinguish the information they seek from the noise of signage. It is entirely possible to put up way too many wayfinding signs resulting in "sign clutter." Effective wayfinding signage should be intuitive and easy to understand - a comprehensive, clear and consistent visual communication system with concise messaging is best. Signage should show only what is needed - information relevant to the space, location and/or navigation path. The signage program should also remove excess information - unnecessary elements should be removed to create a clear visual environment.
The following plan follows best practice in wayfinding, by proposing a design that is: 1) consistent in typography, type height, icons, grid design, color and material choice; 2) straight forward in design and part of a consistent ordered wayfinding scheme; 3) always uses the same order of displaying the information.
GATEWAY SIGNS
The City’s current gateway sign is dated, congested, poorly located and difficult to read.
City Council has provided direction to City Staff to modify this sign and reconfigure it into two separate signs. Staff worked with Rick Saks to prepare a preliminary design idea which is included below for Council consideration.
Figure 12: New Welcome Sign and Club Symbols
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DRIVE & PARK WAYFINDING SIGNAGE PLAN
There are generally three types of vehicular oriented signage, including Trailblazing Signs, Proximity Signs and Destination Signs. Each is described in detail below.
Trailblazing Sign
These signs are located along Main Street that guide
drivers towards major destinations. This sign type will assure drivers that they still are moving in the right
direction and will arrive at their destination shortly. Two trailblazing signs will be provided for all
major destinations.
One trailblazing sign will be provided for
important destinations
No trail blazing signs will be provided for minor destinations Proximity Sign
These signs, located along side streets
(Franklin, Oak, Redwood), will be used to
indicate that a destination is approaching soon.
Destination Sign
Arrival signs mark a destination so that it is
visible from a car. The signs usually are part of
a development and located on the building so
visitors know they have arrived. The City may
provide destination signs, where none is
available (such as Pudding Creek Beach).
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SIGN MESSAGE CONTENT AND LAYOUT
The destination messages on a wayfinding sign will be arranged by arrow direction.
Typically destinations with left hand turns are shown first as they are typically the most difficult to negotiate.
Figure 13: Sign Destination By Arrow Direction
Wayfinding Arrow. Caltrans requires the utilization of the Caltrans Arrow on all signage along Highway 1. The directional arrow can be placed on the left or the right of the destination name. If placed on the left, all arrows will align and make for easy legibility. When placed on the right, the location of the destination follows intuitively from the destination name. For Fort Bragg the arrows will be placed to the left of the text for ease of overall legibility.
WAYFINDING SIGNAGE SPECIFICATIONS
Typography
When using an easy-to-read font the typeface is recognizable for many people to read and to understand the message clearly. Therefore the choice of a signage typeface is a key-factor that makes wayfinding work.
1. Title Case, with the first letter of each word capitalized and the remaining letters in small case.
2. Clearview Type will be utilized to provide maximum legibility for all users. This typography was designed specifically for legibility by all drivers (including older drivers and drivers with night vision issues). Specifically Clearview 5-W typeface will be utilized for the project.
3. Clearview 5-W:
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Letters will be retroreflective and applied using a reflective material, with vinyl the most commonly used to allow for alterations should the need arise to change the sign message.
Font Size, Sign Area, Margins
Caltrans requires that all wayfinding signs be rectangular. The trailblazing signs along Highway 1 can include three destinations (as permitted by Caltrans). Road speed and the number of lanes influence the legibility of wayfinding signage. According to the best research, the signage program should ascribe to the following design specifications.
Table 1: Sign Size, Height, Font Size and Margins by Road Geometry Road
Dimensions
Total
Sign
Area
(SF)
Sign
Height
Letter
Height
Top
Margin
Bottom
Margin
Left
Margin
Right
Margin
<30 MPH (2
lanes)
18+ 15’ 7” 7” 8.5” 7” 7”
30-45 MPH
(4 lanes)
35+ 15’ 10” 10” 12” 10” 10”
45+ MPH (4
lanes)
64+ 15’ 13” 13” 15.5” 13” 13”
The signs will be sized so that the sign margins (top, bottom and sides) equal the cap size for the sign. However bottom margins will be 1.2 times the cap size.
The top edge of the sign (not including the logo) should be 14 feet from the ground, with the bottom edge dependent on the number and length of messaging, but no lower than 8 feet.
Signs in the southern part of town will be larger and have larger type, but will have the same overall design as small signs in the Central Business District, where speeds are considerably slower.
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SIGN DESIGN
Staff prepared three alternative sign designs for consideration. They build upon the recommendations from the workshop and provide Staff with alternatives to present to Caltrans for their consideration. City Council selected Design Option #2 below.
Design Option # 1
Design Option #3
Design Option # 2
SIGN PLAN
The proposed automobile-oriented wayfinding signage, including sign organization, location and orientation is included in Figures 14-19 on the succeeding pages, which include an aerial photo for ease of orientation.
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Figure 14: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Hare Creek to North Harbor Drive Fort Bragg Wayfinding Plan - 2015
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Figure 15: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – North Harbor Drive to Maple Street Fort Bragg Wayfinding Plan - 2015
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Figure 16: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Maple Street to Pine Street Fort Bragg Wayfinding Plan - 2015
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Figure 17: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Pine Street to Pudding Creek Rd.
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Figure 18: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Pudding Creek Rd. to Virgin Creek Fort Bragg Wayfinding Plan - 2015
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Figure 19: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan - Laurel Street & Maple Street Fort Bragg Wayfinding Plan - 2015
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THE HARBOR DISTRICT WAYFINDING
The Noyo Harbor is a unique district with waterfront character, defined edges and a variety of ocean related experiences for the visitor. Once in Noyo Harbor, the distinct character can be readily discovered by the visitor. However, harbor access is difficult to find, and the array of opportunities for dining, fishing, water sports, and shopping is not clearly described on any of the Noyo Harbor signage along Main Street. Therefore Noyo Harbor will receive signage treatment as illustrated in Figure 20.
Figure 20: Noyo Harbor Wayfinding Sign
Additionally, Noyo Harbor itself would benefit from a wayfinding program. If the Noyo Harbor is annexed into the City of Fort Bragg, a comprehensive wayfinding and placemaking effort should be undertaken to make this a functional district of Fort Bragg, with banners, pedestrian improvements, public art, etc.
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5. PEDESTRIAN ORIENTED WAYFINDING
URBAN DESIGN FOR WAYFINDING
Based on wayfinding research, the following strategies have been shown to help pedestrians orient themselves and navigate their ways through a district (such as the Historic Downtown):
Pedestrian kiosks & orientation maps
Pedestrian Wayfinding Signage
Streetscape: paving, lighting, trees, street furniture, banners, mini-parks Public art, sculpture, fountains, gateways, murals, interpretive panels, historic plaques
A plan to address each of these elements follows.
PEDESTRIAN KIOSKS
Currently the City has four downtown kiosks that
provide orientation maps and (three also provide a
place to post event flyers). The kiosks are located
at the corners of Main and Laurel Street, Laurel
and Redwood Ave, Alder and Redwood Street,
and at the western terminus of Laurel Street on the
Guest House grounds. Three of the kiosks have
the same general look and the one on the Guest
House grounds has a completely different look.
The three downtown kiosk maps are paper based,
in closed cabinets, so that the maps can easily be
updated as businesses move, close and open
within the downtown.
City Council has selected the Kiosk design
illustrated in Figure 21. The three sided sign
includes: 1) a lockable cabinet so that the
orientation map can be changed as needed; 2) a
lockable cabinet for an event schedule to replace
the event sign at the entrance to town; and 3) a
cabinet for flyers that will be controlled by City
Staff.
Figure 21: Staff Recommended
Kiosk Design
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ORIENTATION MAPS. The orientation maps were completely redesigned in response to community input from the wayfinding workshop. They also now include a smaller vicinity map that clearly marks the major destinations in Fort Bragg, including Noyo Harbor, Glass Beach, the Guesthouse Museum, the Pudding Creek Trestle and Haul Road, the Fort Bragg Coastal Trail, Point Cabrillo light house, and MacKerricher Park. A copy of the revised downtown directory is shown in Figure 22.
Figure 22: New Downtown Wayfinding Directory
PEDESTRIAN WAYFINDING SIGNAGE
Pedestrian wayfinding signage is located on the sidewalk side of street posts, has smaller font and is focused on destinations that can be easily reached by foot (less than half a mile of distance).
Pedestrian wayfinding signage should not be retrorefletive.
In Downtown Fort Bragg only a few destinations are readily accessible by foot and these include:
The Skunk Train Depot
The Guest House Museum
Farmers Market
Library Figure 23: Pedestrian Wayfinding
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Post Office
Town Hall
Wiggly Giggle Playground
Otis Johnson Park
Public Restrooms & Parking.
The preferred signage design from the workshop
was a simple wrought iron design of white
lettering on a black background as illustrated in
Error! Reference source not found.. Caltrans
does not regulate pedestrian wayfinding design.
Therefore white on black is an acceptable color
for sign design and would fit well with the existing
light posts and pole standards in downtown. Please see the figure below for the proposed pedestrian-oriented wayfinding signs in Downtown.
Figure 24: Downtown Pedestrian Signage Plan
Figure 24: Preferred Pedestrian
Design
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PUBLIC ART
Fort Bragg has relatively little public art, especially given the number of artists and galleries in our community. Public art can become a destination; it also builds the sense of place and enhances the trip experience. Public art helps people find their way, enjoy their experience and bring home photos that excite others for a visit. The best public art is whimsical, creative, and provides a surprise or “a-ha” experience. Public Art shouldn't be about giving people the ‘known;’ it should be about giving people what they didn't know they wanted in the first place. It should bring surprise, change the way people see or think or experience a space. It is also relevant to the context in which it is viewed.
Public art can become a destination in itself as evidenced by the examples of public art below. Chicago is known as Bean Town, and the “bean” is probably the most photographed and visited public art in the country.
Fun public art from other communities
Madison, Wisconsin Albuquerque, NM
The Bean, “Bean-town” Chicago San Francisco
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Fort Bragg has relatively limited public art. However, two pieces of public art which are most visible and readily identified in our community, the redwood round and the skunk train mural on Main Street, are definitely place-making public art.
Redwood Round Skunk Train Mural
Additional iconic place making art would be appropriate for Fort Bragg wayfinding and placemaking. Suitable placemaking concepts for artistic interpretation could include the following: Glass Beach, fisheries and fish, sustainability, the ocean.
Additionally, artistic embellishments that are not art in themselves may also make their way into the pedestrian-oriented wayfinding and placemaking plan. Specifically a compass rose and a fountain are two worthy ideas to improve the sense of place in Fort Bragg.
Sidewalk Compass Rose
Public art can also be located in the
sidewalk and can help visitors orient
themselves to the fun opportunities in
Fort Bragg.
The corner of Laurel and Main Street
could include a sidewalk compass
rose. The sidewalk compass rose
could include major landmarks in its
North, South, East and West
orientation, namely:
West – Skunk Train
North - Glass Beach
East - Historic Downtown
South - Noyo Harbor
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The sidewalk compass provides people with visual and word cues about the important things to do and see in Fort Bragg.
Sidewalk Art - Public Fountain
City Council and the community have discussed the possibility of placing a fountain on the extended sidewalk in front of the Company Store as part of that streetscape improvement program. Council expressed a desire for a basalt rock fountain as part of the access/landscaping improvements at the Guest House Museum. Some sample designs are included below:
Public art can also be encouraged through the Design Review process for new large discretionary commercial projects along Main Street.
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6. PRE-VISIT TECHNOLOGY
Many people investigate Fort Bragg prior to their visit through searches on the internet. This is the first opportunity to present the City, the wayfinding system, provide an overview of key destinations, and encourage exploration. Typically visitors look at Google Maps and our tourism websites such as
www.fortbragg.com, www.gomendo.com.
www.FortBragg.com
This website is fresh and provides an excellent overview of what to do in Fort Bragg. However, from a wayfinding perspective the orientation map could be refined to be printable and should include the following missing destinations: Noyo Harbor and the Downtown Business District directory. www.gomendo.com
This website provides excellent information about the coast. It could be improved through the additional of the interactive map described below. Additionally all activities are organized alphabetically and they might be easier to navigate if they were organized by type of activity: e.g. museums, arts, outdoor adventure, ocean adventure, shopping, historic building, etc.
Future Strategy: Develop an interactive map for
www.FortBragg.com that emphasizes wayfinding to provide accessible information about attractions, points of interest, bike and pedestrian paths, historic sites, accommodations,
restaurants, and recreational facilities. An interactive map should allow users to locate destinations, see photos and read reviews at the click of a mouse. It is common practice for this map to be built on Google Maps and use the power of the Google search engine as well as the point-to-point directions feature. The look and feel of the interactive map should reflect the overall identity of Fort Bragg. The Find Fort Bragg Map should be an integrated part of fortbragg.com and
gomendo.com websites.
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7. COLLATERAL MATERIALS
Collateral Materials should communicate with a “single voice” and identity. Wayfinding collateral materials include orientation maps and brochures.
A number of brochures provide information about Fort Bragg.
However these existing brochures provide variable levels of information and give preference to the members or providers of the brochures. For example, the Chamber of Commerce
map of the City provides specific information about chamber members, but does not specifically direct people to the activities and places of our community.
Strategy: The City should prepare a paperbased handheld wayfinding map that represents the range of activities of our community.
8. VISITOR CENTERS
The Chamber of Commerce and Go Mendo both operate Visitor Centers in Fort Bragg.
Both provide a wide array of information about activities in Fort Bragg and the County.
These visitor centers are excellent assets for the Fort Bragg hospitality industry and both are located in easy to find and access locations.
Chamber of Commerce Visit Mendocino County Inc.
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9. BUDGET
The budget estimate below provides a high and low estimate of costs to implement this plan. As some components of the plan are not yet well defined or designed (such as the fountain and kiosks) a range is provided with a min and max price/unit for each item.
10.NEXT STEPS
Staff recommends the following next steps for successful implementation of this plan:
1. Obtain final approvals from Caltrans for auto-oriented signage plan.
2. Include the wayfinding project in the capital improvement budget.
3. Designate funding for the project.
4. Prepare samples of the different sign types and place them on the street to ensure they are effective and pleasing.
5. Implement pedestrian and auto-oriented wayfinding signage program.
Fort Bragg Wayfinding Plan: Preliminary Implementation Budget Number
Min Price/
Unit
Max Price/
Unit
Low Cost
Estimate
High Cost
Estimate
New Welcome Sign 1 $ 10,500 $ 18,500 $ 10,500 $ 18,500
Auto-Oriented Wayfinding Signage 29 $ 240 $ 450 $ 6,960 $ 13,050 Pedestrian-Oriented Wayfinding Signage 2 $ 450 $ 650 $ 900 $ 1,300 Compass Rose 1 $ 800 $ 1,500 $ 800 $ 1,500
Main & Redwood St Fountain 1 $ 6,000 $ 35,000 $ 6,000 $ 35,000 New Downtown Kiosks 4 $ 1,500 $ 3,000 $ 6,000 $ 12,000
Interactive Web-based Wayfinding Map 1 $ 2,500 $ 6,000 $ 2,500 $ 6,000 Paper Wayfinding Map 1 $ 1,000 $ 2,000 $ 1,500 $ 2,000
Total 35,160$ 89,350$
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11.APPENDIX A: EXISTING CONDITIONS
1 Hare Creek to Highway 20
1 4
3 2
Highway 20 to OceanView 2
5 6
9 8
10 7
N Harbor Drive to Cypress Street 3
11 14
18 17
15 12 13
16 4
Walnut to Chestnut Streets
19 Hazel Street to Oak Street 5
25 24
23 21
20 22
Oak Street to Laurel Street 6
30 28
26 34
33 31
29 27
32 7
Laurel Street to Bush Street
35 40
38 36
41 39
37 Bush Street to Manzanita Street 8
47 46
43 45
44 42
Manxanita Street to Pudding Creek Beach 9
48 10
Pudding Creek Beach to Silvergate Lot
52 51
50 49
Silvergate to Baxman’s 11
53 Baxman’s to City Limits 12
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Wayfinding Plan -2014
Figure 14: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Hare Creek to North Harbor Drive View northbound
signs right side up
View southbound
signs, upside down
1 2
3 4
Wayfinding Plan -2014 2
Figure 15: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – North Harbor Drive to Maple Street View northbound
signs right side up
View southbound
signs, upside down
5 8
9 5
7 6
Wayfinding Plan -2014 3
Figure 16: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Maple Street to Pine Street View northbound
signs right side up
View southbound
signs, upside down
Historic Downtown
Skunk Train Depot
Guest House Museum
15 14
12 13
11 10
Wayfinding Plan -2014 4
Figure 17: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Pine Street to Pudding Creek Rd.
View northbound
signs right side up
View southbound
signs, upside down
17 18
19 16
Wayfinding Plan -2014 5
Figure 18: Auto Oriented Wayfinding Plan – Pudding Creek Rd. to Virgin Creek View northbound
signs right side up
View southbound
signs, upside down
21 20
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SIGNAGE
Appendix C. Comparison of Comprehensive List of Existing & Proposed Signage for Main Street, Fort Bragg Existing Sign #
(See Appendix
A) Sign Message Status Justification
Replacement Sign
Number (see Appendix
B)
1 Fort Bragg City Limit Retain Caltrans Sign retain
2 Hare Creek Beach Retain 3rd Party Sign Retain, required by Coastal Conservancy retain 3 Highway 20 Junction Retain Caltrans Sign retain
4 Fort Bragg Direction Sign Retain Caltrans Sign retain 5 North Harbor Dr. Noyo Harbor
Right Turn
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Sign is unsightly and blocks view of the harbor.
Wayfinding signage will provide better visibility 1, 4
6 College of the Redwood
Mendocino Campus, Coastal
View
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Signs are disjointed and the wayfinding sign will provide more information 3
7 Fort Bragg Monument Sign
Replace and relocate with
new monument sign
Sign is unsightly, not to Caltrans standards, difficult to read and located on private property. The current land
owner wants the sign moved by June of 2015 2
8 Pomo Bluffs Park Retain Well designed monument sign retain 9 Mendocino College Retain Well designed monument sign retain 10 College of the Redwood
Mendocino Campus, Coastal
View
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Signs are disjointed and the wayfinding sign will provide more information 4
11 Police Retain Required by Caltrans Signage Manual retain 12 Hospital H Retain Required by Caltrans Signage Manual retain 13 Ten Mile Justice Center,
Hospital Police Remove Does not comply with Caltrans sign standards remove 14 Coastal Access
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 7, 8
15 Hospital H Retain Required by Caltrans Signage Manual retain 16 North Harbor Dr. Noyo Harbor
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 7, 8
17 Fort Bragg 1857 Retain, 3rd party sign retain
18 Noyo Harbor Beach Access
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. Improve
legibility of community by including destinations as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 7, 8
19 Schools Athletic Fields Remove Does not comply with Caltrans sign standards remove 20 Fire engine Retain retain
21 Tourist Info
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 5, 9
22 Public Parking
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. Improve
legibility of community by including destinations as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 13
23 Tourist Info
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 14
24 Tourist Info
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 5
25 Swim Symbol
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 6
26 Historic District
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. Improve
legibility of community by including destinations as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 11, 13
27 Library, fotlighters, parking,
veterans hall
Remove and replace some of
content in wayfinding signs
Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. Improve
legibility of community by including destinations as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 13
28 Fire truck Retain retain
29 City Hall, Rec Center, Library
Parking, Historic District
Remove and replace some of
content in wayfinding signs
Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. Improve
legibility of community by including destinations as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 11
30 Starr Center
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. Improve
legibility of community by including destinations as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 14
31 Historic District
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. Improve
legibility of community by including destinations as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 15
32 Public Parking
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. Improve
legibility of community by including destinations as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 13
33 Public Parking
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. Improve
legibility of community by including destinations as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 13
34 Welcome to Historic Downtown Retain
High quality monument sign that fits with monument
signage program retain
35 State Fire Station 500 ft Retain Regulatory Sign retain 36 Train Station
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 11
37 Cotton Auditorium Senior
Center Remove Does not comply with Caltrans sign standards remove 38 Library Public Parking
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 10
39 Public Parking
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 13
Existing Sign #
(See Appendix
A) Sign Message Status Justification
Replacement Sign
Number (see Appendix
B)
40 Historic District veterans Hall
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 19
41 Train Station public parking
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 10
42 Pacific Coast Bike Route Retain Regulatory Sign 16
43 Glass Beach
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. Improve
legibility of community by including destinations as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 16
44 State Fire Station 500 ft Retain Regulatory Sign retain 45 Glass Beach
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. Improve
legibility of community by including destinations as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 16
46 Pacific Coastal Bike Route Retain Regulatory Sign retain 47 Pentecost Hall remove Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. remove 48 Coastal Access
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 20
49 Beach Access/ Old Haul Road
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Sign does not comply with Caltrans standards. Improve
legibility of community by including destinations as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 20
50 Pacific Coast Bike Route Retain Regulatory Sign retain 51 Train/ I Mile remove
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan remove
52 Coastal Access
Replace content in wayfinding
signs
Improve legibility of community by including as part of consolidated wayfinding plan 20
53 Fort Bragg Welcomes You Retain retain
54 Fort Bragg City Limit Retain Regulatory Sign retain
Total Existing Signs: 54 Total Proposed Signs: 39