October 28, 2022
Lily Arias
Bargas Environmental Consulting
Via Email to: [email protected]
Re: Willow-Nees Commercial Project, Fresno County
Dear Ms. Arias:
A record search of the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) Sacred Lands File (SLF) was completed for the information you have submitted for the above referenced project. The results were negative. However, the absence of specific site information in the SLF does not indicate the absence of cultural resources in any project area. Other sources of cultural resources should also be contacted for information regarding known and recorded sites.
Attached is a list of Native American tribes who may also have knowledge of cultural resources in the project area. This list should provide a starting place in locating areas of potential adverse impact within the proposed project area. I suggest you contact all of those indicated; if they cannot supply information, they might recommend others with specific knowledge. By contacting all those listed, your organization will be better able to respond to claims of failure to consult with the appropriate tribe. If a response has not been received within two weeks of notification, the Commission requests that you follow-up with a telephone call or email to ensure that the project information has been received.
If you receive notification of change of addresses and phone numbers from tribes, please notify me. With your assistance, we can assure that our lists contain current information.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact me at my email address: [email protected].
Sincerely,
Cameron Vela
Cultural Resources Analyst
Attachment
CHAIRPERSON
Laura Miranda
Luiseño
VICE CHAIRPERSON
Reginald Pagaling
Chumash
SECRETARY
Sara Dutschke
Miwok
COMMISSIONER
Isaac Bojorquez
Ohlone-Costanoan
COMMISSIONER
Buffy McQuillen
Yokayo Pomo, Yuki,
Nomlaki
COMMISSIONER
Wayne Nelson
Luiseño
COMMISSIONER
Stanley Rodriguez
Kumeyaay
COMMISSIONER
[Vacant]
COMMISSIONER
[Vacant]
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Raymond C.
Hitchcock
Miwok/Nisenan
NAHC HEADQUARTERS
1550 Harbor Boulevard
Suite 100
West Sacramento,
California 95691
(916) 373-3710
[email protected]
NAHC.ca.gov
Big Sandy Rancheria of
Western Mono Indians
Elizabeth Kipp, Chairperson
P.O. Box
337
Auberry, CA,
93602
Phone: (
559
)
374
-
0066
Fax: (
559
)
374-0055
[email protected]
Western Mono
Cold Springs Rancheria of
Mono Indians
Carol Bill, Chairperson
P.O. Box
209
Tollhouse, CA,
93667
Phone: (
559
)
855
-
5043
Fax: (
559
)
855-4445
[email protected]
Mono
Cold Springs Rancheria of
Mono Indians
Jared Aldern,
P. O. Box
209
Tollhouse, CA,
93667
Phone: (
559
)
855
-
5043
Fax: (
559
)
855-4445
[email protected]
Mono
Dumna Wo-Wah Tribal
Government
Robert Ledger, Chairperson
2191
West Pico Ave.
Fresno, CA,
93705
Phone: (
559
)
540
-
6346
[email protected]
Foothill Yokut
Mono
Kings River Choinumni Farm
Tribe
Stan Alec,
3515
East Fedora Avenue
Fresno, CA,
93726
Phone: (
559
)
647
-
3227
Foothill Yokut
North Fork Rancheria of Mono
Indians
Elaine Fink, Chairperson
P.O .Box
929
North Fork, CA,
93643
Phone: (
559
)
877
-
2461
Fax: (
559
)
877-2467
[email protected]
Mono
North Valley Yokuts Tribe
Katherine Perez, Chairperson
P.O. Box
717
Linden, CA,
95236
Phone: (
209
)
887
-
3415
[email protected]
Costanoan
Northern Valley
Yokut
North Valley Yokuts Tribe
Timothy Perez,
P.O. Box
717
Linden, CA,
95236
Phone: (
209
)
662
-
2788
[email protected]
Costanoan
Northern Valley
Yokut
Picayune Rancheria of
Chukchansi Indians
Claudia Gonzales, Chairwoman
P.O. Box
2226
Oakhurst, CA,
93644
Phone: (
559
)
412
-
5590
[email protected]
Foothill Yokut
Picayune Rancheria of
Chukchansi Indians
Heather Airey, Tribal Historic
Preservation Officer
P.O. Box
2226
Oakhurst, CA,
93644
Phone: (
559
)
795
-
5986
[email protected]
Foothill Yokut
Table Mountain Rancheria
Bob Pennell, Cultural Resource
Director
P.O. Box
410
Friant, CA,
93626
Phone: (
559
)
325
-
0351
Fax: (
559
)
325-0394
[email protected]
Yokut
Table Mountain Rancheria
Brenda Lavell, Chairperson
P.O. Box
410
Friant, CA,
93626
Phone: (
559
)
822
-
2587
Fax: (
559
)
822-2693
[email protected]
Yokut
1 of 2
This list is current only as of the date of this document. Distribution of this list does not relieve any person of statutory responsibility as defined in Section 7050.5
of
the Health and Safety Code, Section
5097.94
of the Public Resource Section
5097.98
of the Public Resources Code.
This list is only applicable for contacting local Native Americans with regard to cultural resources assessment for the proposed Willow-Nees Commercial Project, Fresno County.
PROJ-2022-
006238
10/28/2022 07:35 PM
Native American Heritage Commission
Native American Contact List
Fresno County
10/28/2022
Traditional Choinumni Tribe
David Alvarez, Chairperson
2415
E. Houston Avenue
Fresno, CA,
93720
Phone: (
559
)
217
-
0396
Fax: (
559
)
292-5057
[email protected]
Foothill Yokut
Tule River Indian Tribe
Joey Garfield, Tribal Archaeologist
P. O. Box
589
Porterville, CA,
93258
Phone: (
559
)
783
-
8892
Fax: (
559
)
783-8932
joey.garfield@tulerivertribe-
nsn.gov
Yokut
Tule River Indian Tribe
Neil Peyron, Chairperson
P.O. Box
589
Porterville, CA,
93258
Phone: (
559
)
781
-
4271
Fax: (
559
)
781-4610
[email protected]
Yokut
Tule River Indian Tribe
Kerri Vera, Environmental
Department
P. O. Box
589
Porterville, CA,
93258
Phone: (
559
)
783
-
8892
Fax: (
559
)
783-8932
[email protected]
Yokut
Wuksache Indian Tribe/Eshom
Valley Band
Kenneth Woodrow, Chairperson
1179
Rock Haven Ct.
Salinas, CA,
93906
Phone: (
831
)
443
-
9702
kwood
8934
@aol.com
Foothill Yokut
Mono
2 of 2
This list is current only as of the date of this document. Distribution of this list does not relieve any person of statutory responsibility as defined in Section 7050.5
of
the Health and Safety Code, Section
5097.94
of the Public Resource Section
5097.98
of the Public Resources Code.
This list is only applicable for contacting local Native Americans with regard to cultural resources assessment for the proposed Willow-Nees Commercial Project, Fresno County.
PROJ-2022-
006238
10/28/2022 07:35 PM
Native American Heritage Commission
Native American Contact List
Fresno County
10/28/2022
ACOUSTICAL ANALYSIS
WILLOW & NEES COMMERCIAL OFFICE DEVELOPMENT
FRESNO, CALIFORNIA
WJVA Project No. 22-54
PREPARED FOR
BARGAS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING
3604 FAIR OAKS BOULEVARD, SUITE 180
SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 95864
PREPARED BY
WJV ACOUSTICS, INC.
VISALIA, CALIFORNIA
OCTOBER 26, 2022
(UPDATED JULY 6, 2023)
113 N. Church Street, Suite 203 ∙ Visalia, CA 93291∙ (559) 627-4923
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wjv acoustics
22‐54 (Willow & Nees Commercial Offices, Fresno) 7‐6‐23 2
INTRODUCTION
The proposed project consists of the new development of two 11,160 square‐foot and one 11,780 square‐foot single‐story m edical and professional office facilities, to be located West of Willow Avenue and South of Nees Avenue, within the City of Fresno, California.
Planned tenant mix will potentia lly offer medical, dental, and other healthcare related uses in a d d i t i o n t o p r o f e s s i o n a l o f f i c e u s e s . T h e p r o p o s e d p r o j e c t i s designed to include 166 onsite standard and ADA parking stalls. Typical times of operation wil l likely take place during normal business hours/days. Future mix of tenants will determine daily employee count as well as customer/patient visits.
This analysis, prepared by WJV Acoustics, Inc. (WJVA), is based upon a project Conceptual Site Plan prepared by Legacy Realty & Development (dated 2‐23‐21), traffic data provided by the Fresno Council of Governments (Fresno COG) and the findings of on‐site noise level measurements. Revisions to the site plan may affect the finding s and recommendations of this report. The Conceptual Site Plan is provided as Figure 1.
Appendix A provides a description of the acoustical terminology used in this report. Unless otherwise stated, all sound levels reported are in A‐weighted d ecibels (dB). A‐weighting de‐emphasizes the very low and very high frequencies of sound in a manner similar to the human ear. Most community noise standards utilize A‐weighting, as it provides a high degree of correlation with human annoyance and health effects. Appendix B provides typical A‐weighted sound levels for common noise sources.
22‐54 (Willow & Nees Commercial Offices, Fresno) 7‐6‐23 3
NOISE EXPOSURE CRITERIA
The City of Fresno General Plan Noise Element (adopted 12‐18‐14 ) provides noise level criteria for land use compatibility for both transportation and non‐transportation noise sources. The General Plan sets noise compatibility standards for transportat ion noise sources in terms of the Day‐Night Average Level (L dn). The Ldn represents the time‐weighted energy average noise level for a 24‐hour day, with a 10 dB penalty added to noise levels occurring during the nighttime hours (10:00 p.m.‐7:00 a.m.). The Ldn represents cumulative exposure to noise over an extended period of time and are therefore calculated based upon annual average conditions. Table I provides the General Plan noise level standards for transportation noise sources.
TABLE I
CITY OF FRESNO GENERAL PLAN NOISE LEVEL STANDARDS
TRANSPORTATION (NON-AIRCRAFT) NOISE SOURCES
Noise‐Sensitive Land Use
Outdoor Activity Areas1 Interior Spaces
Ldn/CNEL, dB Ldn/CNEL, dB Leq dB2
Residential 65 45 ‐‐‐
Transient Lodging 65 45 ‐‐‐
Hospitals, Nursing Homes 65 45 ‐‐‐
Theaters, Auditoriums, Music Halls ‐‐‐ ‐‐‐ 35
Churches, Meeting Halls 65 ‐‐‐ 45
Office Buildings ‐‐‐ ‐‐‐ 45
Schools, Libraries, Museums ‐‐‐ ‐‐‐ 45
1 Where the location of the outdoor activity areas is unknown or is not applicable, the exterior noise level standard shall be applied to the property line of the receiving land use.
2 As determined for a typical worst‐case hour during periods of use.
Source: City of Fresno General Plan
The exterior noise level standards for residential land uses provided in Table I apply at the outdoor activity areas. Outdoor activity areas are generally considered backyards and balconies of single‐family residential uses and individual yards, patios, balconies, and common use outdoor areas of multi‐family residential uses. Common use outdoor acti vities include pools, children’s play areas, and picnic and BBQ areas.
Additionally, Implementing Policy NS‐1‐h of the noise element requires that interior noise levels attributable to exterior transportation noise sources not exceed 45 dB Ldn. The intent of the i n t e r i o r n o i s e l e v e l s t a n d a r d i s t o p r o v i d e a n a c c e p t a b l e n o i s e environment for indoor communication and sleep.
The General Plan also establishes hourly acoustical performance standards for non‐ transportation (stationary) noise sources. The standards, provid e d i n T a b l e I I , a r e m a d e m o r e restrictive during the nighttime hours of 10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a. m. For this project the applicable
22‐54 (Willow & Nees Commercial Offices, Fresno) 7‐6‐23 4 noise level standard for the proposed use is an interior hourly n o i s e l e v e l o f 4 5 d B Leq, as determined for a typical worst‐case hour during periods of use.
TABLE II
CITY OF FRESNO GENERAL PLAN NOISE LEVEL STANDARDS
NON-TRANSPORTATION (STATIONARY) NOISE SOURCES
Daytime (7 a.m.‐10 p.m.) Nighttime (10 p.m.‐7 a.m.)
Leq Lmax Leq Lmax
50 70 45 60
Source: City of Fresno Municipal Code
The above‐described General Plan noise level standards for both transportation noise sources (Table I) and stationary noise sources (Table II) are consistent with the noise standards provided in Section 15.2506 of the Fresno Municipal Code. The Municipal Code also states “When ambient noise levels exceed or equal the levels in this table, mitigation shall only be required to limit noise to the ambient plus five dB.”
I I
I I
22‐54 (Willow & Nees Commercial Offices, Fresno) 7‐6‐23 5
PROJECT SITE NOISE EXPOSURE
The project site is located along the west side of N. Willow Avenue, approximately 600 feet south of W Nees Avenue, in Fresno, California. The project site is ex posed traffic noise from N. Willow Avenue. The distance from the closest proposed office buildings to the centerline of N. Willow Avenue is approximately 165 feet (Building B and Building C).
Traffic Noise Exposure
Noise exposure from traffic on N. Willow Avenue was calculated for existing and future (2046) conditions using the FHWA Traffic Noise Model and traffic data obtained from Fresno COG and Caltrans and the findings of on‐site noise level measurements. Noise exposure was calculated in terms of the both the CNEL noise metric (City of Fresno General Plan noise standards) and hourly worst‐case (peak hour) energy average interior noise levels in t e r m s o f t h e Leq metric (City of Fresno Municipal Code noise standards).
WJVA utilized the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Highway Traffic Noise Prediction Model (FHWA‐RD‐77‐108). The FHWA Model is a standard analytical method used for roadway traffic noise calculations. The model is based upon reference e nergy emission levels for automobiles, medium trucks (2 axles) and heavy trucks (3 or more axles), with consideration given to vehicle volume, speed, roadway configuration, distance to the receiver, and the acoustical characteristics of the site. The FHWA Model was developed to predict hourly L eq values
for free‐flowing traffic conditions, and is generally considered to be accurate within ±1.5 dB. To predict Ldn values, it is necessary to determine the hourly distribution o f traffic for a typical day and adjust the traffic volume input data to yield an equivalent hourly traffic volume.
Noise level measurements and conc urrent traffic counts were con ducted by WJVA staff within the project site on October 18, 2022. The purpose of the measurement was to evaluate the accuracy of the FHWA Model in describing traffic noise exposure within the project site. The measurement site was located within the project site at a dista nce of approximately 150 feet from the centerline of N. Willow Avenue. The posted speed limit posted in the project vicinity was 50 mph (miles per hour). The project vicinity and noise monitoring site location are provided as Figure 2. A photograph showing the N. Willow Avenue noise measurement site is provided as Figure 3.
Noise monitoring equipment consisted of Larson‐Davis Laboratories Model LDL‐820 sound level analyzer equipped with a B&K Type 4176 1/2” microphone. The equ ipment complies with the specifications of the American National Standards Institute (AN SI) for Type I (Precision) sound level meters. The meter was calibrated in the field prior to us e with a B&K Type 4230 acoustic calibrator to ensure the accuracy of the measurements. The microphone was located on a tripod at 5 feet above the ground.
Noise measurements were conducted in terms of the equivalent en ergy sound level (L eq).
Measured Leq values were compared to Leq values calculated (predicted) by the FHWA Model
22‐54 (Willow & Nees Commercial Offices, Fresno) 7‐6‐23 6 using as inputs the traffic volumes, truck mix and vehicle speed observed during the noise measurements. The vehicle speed was assumed to be 50 mph. The results of the comparison are shown in Table V.
From Table V it may be determined that the traffic noise levels predicted by the FHWA Model were 4.5 dB higher than those measured for the conditions obser ved at the time of the noise measurements for N. Willow Avenue. This overprediction of the model is the result of actual traffic speeds in the project vicinity being well below the posted 50 mph speed limit. Many of the vehicles counted by WJVA staff were exiting retail center oppos ite the project site and speeds were relatively low as they entered onto N. Willow Avenue. Addi tionally, the signalized i n t e r s e c t i o n o n N . W i l l o w A v e n u e a n d E . N e e s A v e n u e r e g u l a t e s traffic speed in the project vicinity, as vehicles were often observed to be traveling at speeds well below the posted 50 mph speed limit as they approached a red light at the intersection or were departing the intersection.
An adjustment to modeled noise levels, based upon this overprediction of the model is therefore warranted. A conservative offset of ‐3 dB was applied to project site noise exposure calculations.
TABLE V
COMPARISON OF MEASURED AND PREDICTED
(FHWA MODEL) NOISE LEVELS
WILLOW & NEES COMMERCIAL OFFICE DEVELOPMENT, FRESNO
N. Willow Ave.
Measurement Start Time 10:45 a.m.
Observed # Autos/Hr. 1,680
Observed # Medium Trucks/Hr. 72
Observed # Heavy Trucks/Hr. 0
Observed Speed (MPH) 30
Distance, ft. (from center of roadway) 340
Leq, dBA (Measured) 59.1
Leq, dBA (Predicted) 63.6
Difference between Measured and Predicted Leq, dBA ‐4.5 Note: FHWA “soft” site assumed for calculations.
Source: WJV Acoustics, Inc.
Peak Hour Exterior Noise Exposure:
P eak hour t raffic v o lum e data f or N . Will ow Av enue in th e project vicinity was obtained from Fresno COG. The daily traffic counts provided by Fresno COG indicate that the peak traffic volume h o u r ( d u r i n g p r o p o s e d h o u r s o f o p e r a t i o n ) o c c u r s b e t w e e n 4 : 0 0 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. Truck percentages were estimated by WJVA, based upon previous studies conducted in the project vicinity since project‐specific data were not available from government sources. A speed limit of 50 mph was assumed for the roadway. Table VI summarizes peak hour traffic data used to model peak hour noise exposure within the project site.
22‐54 (Willow & Nees Commercial Offices, Fresno) 7‐6‐23 7
TABLE VI
TRAFFIC NOISE MODELING ASSUMPTIONS
WILLOW & NEES COMMERCIAL OFFICE DEVELOPMENT, FRESNO
N. Willow Avenue
Peak Hour Traffic Volume 2,132
Assumed Vehicle Speed (mph) 50
% Medium Trucks (% AADT) 2
% Heavy Trucks (% AADT) 1
Sources: Fresno COG
WJV Acoustics, Inc.
U s i n g d a t a f r o m T a b l e V I , t h e F H W A M o d e l a n d t h e a b o v e ‐ d e s c r i b ed ‐3 dB offset, peak hour traffic noise exposure was calculated to be approximately 61 dB L eq at the closest proposed building setback to N. Willow Avenue.
Interior Noise Exposure:
The City of Fresno noise level standards applicable for office land uses is an hourly noise level s t a n d a r d o f 4 5 d B L
eq. A s d e s c r i b e d a b o v e , t h e e x t e r i o r n o i s e l e v e l s a t t h e c l o s e s t proposed building façade to the noise source (traffic along N. Willow Avenue) were calculated to be as follows:
61 dB L
eq (peak hour traffic)
This means that the proposed commercial construction must be capable of providing a minimum outdoor‐to‐indoor noise level reduction (NLR) of approximately 16 dB (61‐45=16).
A specific analysis of interior noise levels was not performed. However, it may be assumed that commercial construction methods complying with current building code requirements will reduce exterior noise levels by approximately 25 dB (or more) i f windows and doors are closed.
This will be sufficient for compliance with the City’s interior noise level standards within all rooms and all buildings. Requiring that it be possible for windows and doors to remain closed for sound insulation means that air conditioning or mechanical ventilation will be required.
22‐54 (Willow & Nees Commercial Offices, Fresno) 7‐6‐23 8
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Interior Noise Compliance:
The City of Fresno noise level standard applicable for office land uses is an interior noise level of 45 dB Leq, based upon peak hour noise exposure. Worst‐case exterior noise levels were calculated to be approximately 61 dB Leq (peak hour traffic). This means that the proposed commercial construction must be capable of providing a minimum outdoor‐to‐ indoor noise level reduction (NLR) of approximately 16 dB (61‐45=16).
It may be assumed that commercial construction methods complying with current building code requirements will reduce exterior noise levels by approximately 25 dB (or more) if windows and doors are closed. This will be sufficient for compliance with t h e C i t y ’ s i n t e r i o r n o i s e l e v e l standards within all rooms and all buildings. Requiring that it be possible for windows and doors to remain closed for sound insula tion means that air conditioning or mechanical ventilation will be required.
The conclusions and recommendations of this acoustical analysis are based upon the best i n f o r m a t i o n k n o w n t o W J V A c o u s t i c s I n c . ( W J V A ) a t t h e t i m e t h e analysis was prepared concerning the proposed site plan, traffic volumes and roadway configurations. Any significant changes in these factors will require a reevaluation of the fin dings of this report. Additionally, any significant future changes in motor vehicle technology, noise regulations or other factors beyond WJVA’s control may result in long‐term noise results dif ferent from those described by this analysis.
R e s p e c t f u l l y s u b m i t t e d ,
W a l t e r J . V a n G r o n i n g e n
P r e s i d e n t
WJV:wjv
22‐54 (Willow & Nees Commercial Offices, Fresno) 7‐6‐23 9 FIGURE 1: SITE PLAN
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22‐54 (Willow & Nees Commercial Offices, Fresno) 7‐6‐23
FIGURE 2: PROJECT SITE VICINITY AND NOISE MEASUREMENT LOCATION
22‐54 (Willow & Nees Commercial Offices, Fresno) 7‐6‐23
FIGURE 2: TRAFFIC NOISE MEASUREMENT LOCATION
22‐54 (Willow & Nees Commercial Offices, Fresno) 7‐6‐23
APPENDIX A
ACOUSTICAL TERMINOLOGY
AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL: T h e c o m p o s i t e o f n o i s e f r o m a l l s o u r c e s n e a r a n d f a r . I n t h i s c o n t e x t , t h e a m b i e n t n o i s e l e v e l c o n s t i t u t e s t h e n o r m a l o r existing level of environmental noise at a given location.
CNEL: C o m m u n i t y N o i s e E q u i v a l e n t L e v e l . T h e a v e r a g e e q u i v a l e n t sound level during a 24‐hour day, obtained after addition of approximately five decibels to sound levels in the evening from 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. and ten de cibels to sound levels in the night before 7:00 a.m. and after 10:00 p.m.
DECIBEL, dB: A unit for describing the amplitude of sound, equal to 20 time s the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the pressure of th e sound measured to the reference pressure, which is 20 micropascals (20 micronewtons per square meter).
DNL/L
dn: Day/Night Average Sound Level. The average equivalent sound level during a 24‐hour day, obtained after addition of ten decibels to sound levels in the night after 10:00 p.m. and before 7:00 a.m.
L
eq: Equivalent Sound Level. The sound level containing the same total energy as a time varying signal over a given sample perio d.
Leq is typically computed over 1, 8 and 24‐hour sample periods.
NOTE: The CNEL and DNL represent daily levels of noise exposure averaged on an annual basis, while Leq represents the average noise exposure for a shorter time period, typically one hour.
L
max: The maximum noise level rec orded during a noise event.
Ln: The sound level exceeded "n" percent of the time during a sa mple interval (L90, L50, L10, etc.). For example, L 10 e q u a l s t h e l e v e l exceeded 10 percent of the time.
22‐54 (Willow & Nees Commercial Offices, Fresno) 7‐6‐23
A-2
ACOUSTICAL TERMINOLOGY
NOISE EXPOSURE
CONTOURS: Lines drawn about a noise source indicating constant levels o f noise exposure. CNEL and DNL contours are frequently utilized to describe community exposure to noise.
NOISE LEVEL
REDUCTION (NLR): The noise reduction between i ndoor and outdoor environments o r b e t w e e n t w o r o o m s t h a t i s t h e n u m e r i c a l d i f f e r e n c e , i n decibels, of the average sound pr essure levels in those areas o r rooms. A measurement of “noise level reduction” combines the effect of the transmission loss performance of the structure pl us the effect of acoustic absorption present in the receiving room.
SEL or SENEL: Sound Exposure Level or Single Event Noise Exposure Level. T he level of noise accumulated during a single noise event, such as an a i r c r a f t o v e r f l i g h t , w i t h r e f e r e n c e t o a d u r a t i o n o f o n e s e c o n d.
More specifically, it is the time‐integrated A‐weighted squared sound pressure for a stated time interval or event, based on a reference pressure of 20 micropascals and a reference duration of one second.
SOUND LEVEL: The sound pressure level in decibels as measured on a sound l evel meter using the A‐weighting filter network. The A‐weighting filter de‐emphasizes the very low and very high frequency components of the sound in a manner similar to the response of the human ear and gives good correlation with subjective reactions to noise.
SOUND TRANSMISSION
CLASS (STC): The single‐number rating of sound transmission loss for a construction element (window, door, etc.) over a frequency range where speech intelligibility largely occurs.
APPENDIXB
EXAMPLES OF SOUND LEVELS
NOISE SOURCE SOUND LEVEL
AMPLIFIED ROCK 'N ROLL ► 120 dB
JET TAKEOFF @ 200 FT ►
100 dB
BUSY URBAN STREET ►
80dB
FREEWAY TRAFFIC @ 50 FT ►
CONVERSATION @ 6 FT ► 60dB
TYPICAL OFFICE INTERIOR ►
SOFT RADIO MUSIC ► 40dB
RESIDENTIAL INTERIOR ►
WHISPER @ 6 FT ► 20dB
HUMAN BREATHING ►
0dB
SUBJECTIVE
DESCRIPTION
DEAFENING
VERY LOUD
LOUD
MODERATE
FAINT
VERY FAINT
862 Pollasky Avenue ♦ Clovis, California 93612 ♦ (559) 299-1544 ♦ www.peters-engineering.com Mr. Patrick Sauls July 19, 2023
Bargas Environmental Consulting
3604 Fair Oaks Boulevard, Suite 180
Sacramento, California 95864
Subject: Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis
Proposed Medical and Professional Office Buildings
7819 and 7835 North Willow Avenue
Fresno, California
Dear Mr. Sauls:
Introduction
This report presents the results of vehicle mile s traveled (VMT) analyses for the subject project.
Project Description
The proposed project site covers approximately 3.5 acres located at 7819 and 7835 North Willow Avenue in Fresno, California (APN 404-481-19S and 404 -481-20S). A site plan is attached.
The proposed Project includes single-story medical and professional off ice facilities consisting o f two 11,160-square-foot buildings and one 11, 780-square-foot building, along with parking, landscaping, and associated site improvements . The planned tenant mix will potentially offer medical, dental , and other health -care-related uses in addition to professional office uses. Two single-family residences at the site were recently demolished.
The site will be annexed to the City of Fresno and a General Plan amendment is not expected to be required. Site access will be via two driveways connecting to Willow Aven ue and two driveways connecting to the alley south of the site. The connections to Willow Avenue are expected to be right-in/right-out only.
Trip Generation
Data provided in the Instit ute of Transportation Engineers (ITE ) Trip Generation Manual, 11th Edition were used to estimate the number of trips anticipated to be generated by the project. Table 1 presents trip generation characteristics of the proposed project.
PETERS ENGINEERING GROUP
A C ALI FO RNIA CORPO RATI O N
Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis – Proposed Medical and Professional Office Buildings July 19, 2023 7819 and 7835 North Willow Avenue, Fresno, California Page 2 Table 1
Project Trip Generation
Land Use Units Weekday A.M. Peak Hour P.M. Peak Hour
Rate Total Rate In:Out In Out Total Rate In:Out In Out Total Medical-
Dental Office
Building –
Stand Alone
(720)
11,780
sq. ft. 36.00 424 3.10 79:21 29 8 37 3.93 30:70 14 33 47 General
Office
Building
(710)
22,320
sq. ft. 10.84 242 1.52 88:12 30 4 34 1.44 17:83 6 27 33 Single-
Family
Detached
Housing
(210)
2 homes 9.43 -20 0.70 26:74 0 -2 -2 0.94 63:37 -2 0 -2
NET
TOTAL: 646 59 10 69 18 60 78
Reference: Trip Generation Manual, 11th Edition, Institute of Transportation Engineers 2021 Rates are reported in trips per 1,000 square feet of building area for Land Uses 710 and 720.
Rates are reported in trips per dwelling unit for Land Use 210.
Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT)
Senate Bill (SB) 743 requires t hat re levant CEQA ana lysis of transpor tation impacts be conducted using a metric known as vehicle miles traveled (VMT) instead of Level of Service (LOS). VMT measures how much actual a uto travel (additional miles dri ven) a pr oposed project would create on California roads. If the project adds excessive car travel onto roads, the project may cause a significant transportation impact.
The State CEQA Guid elines were amended to implement SB 743 by adding Section 15064.3. Among its provisions, Section 15064. 3 confi rms that, excep t with respect t o transportation projects, a project’s effect on automob ile delay shall not constitute a significant environmental impact. Therefore, LOS as a measure of impacts on traffic facilities is no longer a relevant CEQA criteria for transportation impacts.
CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3(b)(4) states that “[a] lead agency has discretion to evaluate a project’s vehicle mile s traveled, including whether to express the change in absolute terms, per capita, per household or in a ny other measure. A lead agency m ay use models to estimate a project’s vehicle miles traveled , and may revise those estimates to reflect professional j udgment based on substantial evid ence. Any assumptions used to estimate vehicle miles traveled and any revision to model outputs should be documented and explained in the environmental document prepared for the project. The standard of adequacy in Section 15151 shall apply to the analysis described in this section.” The City of Fresno ado pted CEQA Guidelines for Vehicle Miles Traveled Thresholds, dated June 25, 2020, pursuant to S B 743 to be effect ive as of July 1, 2020. The thresholds described therein are referred to herein as the Cit y of Fresno VMT Thresholds. The City of Fresno VMT Th resholds do cument was prepared and adopted consistent w ith the requirements of CEQA Guidelines Sections 15064.3 and 15064.7. The December 2018 Technical Advisory on Evaluating Transportation Impacts in CEQA (Technical Advisory) I~ ~ ~ ~ I~ I~
Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis – Proposed Medical and Professional Office Buildings July 19, 2023 7819 and 7835 North Willow Avenue, Fresno, California Page 3 published by the Governor’s Office of Planning an d Research ( OPR) was utilized as a reference and guidance document in the preparation of the City of Fresno VMT Thresholds.
The City of Fresno VMT Thresholds adopted a screening s tandard and criteria that can be used to screen out qu alified projects that meet the ado pted criteria from a requirement to prepare a detailed VMT analysis.
The Cit y of Fresno VMT Thresholds Section 3.0 re garding Project Screening discusses a variety of p rojects that ma y be screened out of a VMT analysis inc luding specific development and tr ansportation projects . For development projects, conditions may exist that would allow the presumption that a development project will have a less-than-significant impact. These conditions may be si ze, location, p roximity to tr ansit, or trip ‐making potential. For transportation projects, the primary attribute to consider with tr ansportation projects is the potential to increase vehicle travel, sometimes referred to as “induced travel.” The proposed Project is located within a green area when plotted on Figure 7, City of Fresno - Existing VMT per Employee (attached), indi cating th at the Project is proposed within an a rea that is know n to generate low VMT per employee. Therefore, no additional analyses are required and the lead agency may presume that the Project will create a less- than-significant transportation impact.
Thank you for the opportunity to perform this VMT analysis. Please feel free to contact our office if you have any questions.
PETERS ENGINEERING GROUP
John Rowland, PE, TE
Attachment: Site Plan
Figure 7, City of Fresno - Existing VMT per Employee
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I. NE-1 6MU TRASH/ RE6Y6LIN6 EN6LOSURE. INSTALL PER 6ITY STANDARD P-33B, P-34, AND REFER TO DETAILS FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
2, INDl6A1ES 54'-0" OUTSIDE - 44'-0" 6ENTERl-lNE - 34'-0" INSIDE TURNING RADIUS FOR FIRE DEPARTMENT AND SANITATION VEHIGLE5.
3. NE~ LANDSCAPE AREA. REFER TO LANDSCAPE AND IRRl6ATION PLANS FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
4, DASHED L-INE INDl6ATES L06ATION OF NE-1 FIRE LANE 6URB5 PAIN1ED RED l"\I "NO PARKING - FIRE l-ANE" TEXT.
5. LOCATION Of NEW TOW-AWAY SIGNAGE RE:FER TO DETAIL FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONI.
6. INSTALL 30" STATE STANDARD "STOP" SIGN AT LOCATION SHOV'-lN. WHERE A "RIGHT 1URN ONLY" 5I6N 15 REQUIRED AT THE SAME L06ATION, INSTALL A 50"X5b" STATE STANDARD IMMEDIATELY BEl-0-1 THE STOP SIGN ON THE SAME POST, SIGN(S) SHAl-L EE MOUNTED ON A 2" GALVANIZED POST l'SITH THE BOTTOM OF THE LOl"'cST SIGN 1'-0" ABOVE GROUND, lOGATED BEHIND GURB AND IMMEDIATELY BEHIND A MAJOR STREET SIDEWALK.
1. I2'-0" VISIBll-lTY 1RIANGl-E.
8. DASHED LINE INDl6ATES 6ANOPYIROOF OVERHANG,
~- NE-1 BICYCLE RA6K AND L06KERS, PROVIDE "DERO" RR2H STAINLESS STEEL SCHEDULE 10 5URFA6E MOUNT 5 SPACE RAC-KAND MIN, 3 SPA6E "MADRAX" MAD LOCKER DIVIDED, REFER TO DE1AILS 3 < 4/A-O,I FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, PROVIDE ARCHl1ECT l'SITH SHOP DRAYslNGS AND COLOR SAMPLE FOR APPROVAL.
10. LOCATION OF NEYs A66ESSIBLE PARKING STALLS. REFER TO DETAIL FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
II. NEj,'tj DRIVE APPROAGH INSTALL PER PV'l SID. P-2, P-6 4 P-48. REFER TO GIVIL DRAl'1INGS FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
12. INDICATES EXISTING PROPERTY LINE.
13. 3 FT, VEHICLE OVERHANG, NO OE5TRU6TIONS ALLOl"'cD l'SITHIN THIS BUFFER.
14. PAINTED DIRECTIONAL ARROJ,'tl. GOLOR TO BE TR.t\FFIG V'lHITE. REFER TO DETAIL FOR ADDITIO>LAL REQUIREMENTS,
15, EXISTING 60NCRETE 6URB < GUnt'R SHALL WNFORM 10 P-1 STD P-5, SIDE '1ALK TO HAVE 5% MAX. SLOPE IN DIRECTION OF TRAVEL AND 2% MAX. GROSS SLOPE. lb. INDICATES L06ATION OF EXISTING STREET LIGHT.
11. INDICATES L06ATION OF EXISTING l"'cLL.
IB. EXISTING 60NCRETE 6URB, GUTTER, AND SIDEl'1ALK. SIDEl'1ALK SHALL 60NFORM TO PYs STD P-5. SIDE 1'1ALK TO HAVE 5% MAX. SLOPE IN DIRE6TION OF TRAVEL AND 2% MAX.
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20. EXISTINIS DRIVE APPROACH TO BE REMOVED. REFER TO GIVIL DRAJ,'t11N6 FOR ADDITIO>lAL INFORMATION .
21, EXISTING UTILITIES VAULT, REFER 10 6IVIL PLANS FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION,
22. NE-1 b'-0" HIG,l, 6MU l'SALL.
23. INDICA1ES L06ATION OF NE-1 SOLAR SUPPORT 6ANOPY.
24. INDIC,ATES MONUMENT SIGNA&E. SIGN.AGE TO BE UNDER SEPARATE PERMIT .
25. INDICATES COLUMN FOR CANTILEVER SOLAR SUPPORT CANOPY SEE DETAIL FOR ADDITIO>LAL INFORMATION.
2b. NE-1 AC, PAVING, INSTALL PER PI.JBLl6 l"IORKS STANDARD P-2I, P-22 AND P-23. REFER TO CIVIL DRAl'1IN6 FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AND REQUIREMENTS.
21. LOCATION Of NEY'l 6" HIGH CONCRETE CURB - REFER TO CIVIL PLANS FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
28. NE~ 4" )l"J.IDE PARKIN& STRIPE TO BE PAINTED TRAFFIC Jt-lHITE PER GllY STANDARDS. 2C1. INDICATES 12" CONCRETE GURB EXTENSION. REFER TO DETAIL FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
50. NE-1 CONCRETE FLATYsORK. REFER TO DETAILS AND 6IVIL DRAYslNGS FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
Bl. AGGESSIBLE PATH OF TRAVEL FROM A PIJELIG V¼Y. IAJ..A.LKS TO HAVE A MAXIMIJM OF 5% SLOPE AND 2% CROSS SLOPE - LANDINGS AT RAMPS TO BE 2% MAXIMUM FOR 48" MINIMUM BEYOND EDGE OF RAMP, 6'-0" AT Ol/TDOOR SEATING. REFER TO CIVIL PLANS FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
32. NEr-1 PG$E PAD AND MOUNTED TRANSFORMER. REFER TO SITE UTILITY AND ELEGTRIGAL PLANS FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
55, INDICATES L06ATION OF REQUIRED EV AND EV6S CHARGING STATION EQUIPMENT, REFER TO El-E6TRICAL DRA-1ING5 FOR ADDITIONAl- INFORMATION. 54, DEMO AND REL06A1E EXl51ING STREET LIGHT.
55, NE-1 LOCATION OF STREET LIGHT.
36. INDICATES REQUIRED DEDICATED VEHICLE SPACING PER CBC SECTIONS IIB-812.6.1 THROUGH IIB-8I2.b.4. REFER TO DETAIL FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.
51. INDICATES L06ATION OF EXISTING PARCEL LINE.
38. 3 GOATS OF RED PAINT ON GURB FOR I0'-0". EAGH SIDE OF DRIVEr.lAY. 3'=!. INDICATES LOCATION OF BALLARD. REFER TO DETAIL FOR ADDITION,A.L INFORMATION.
40. EXISTING PROPERTY LINE TO BE ADJIJSTED PER CIVIL.
City Use Only
Site Plan
CL
1465 North Van Ness Avenue
Fresno, California 93728
559.442,4642 voice
559.485,9081 fax
Architect
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Design Developm't.
Site Plan Review
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Project Manager
■■■■■■■
IAN ROBERTSON
Project Number
21-01:5
Sheet
A-o.o
ÄÆ41
ÄÆ180
ÄÆ41
ÄÆ99
ÄÆ168
ÄÆ99
SR 99
West
SR 41
T emperance
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Manning
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North
Central
Herndon
American
Polk
Fresno
Cedar
Leonard
Belmont
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Fowler
Blackstone
Fifth
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Auberry
Ashlan
Millerton
Marks
McKinley
Weber
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Fresno
City with Sphere of Influence VMT per Employee
No Employee
Less than 22.3
22.3 - 28.9
Greater than 28.9
SOURCE: Fresno COG Activity Based Travel Demand Model (2019) /g90/g855/g880/g38/g18/g39/g1005/g1013/g1004/g1005/g3/g38/g396/g286/g400/g374/g381/g18/g75/g39/g3/g115/g68/g100/g880/g39/g47/g94/g880/g115/g68/g100/g890/g68/g258/g393/g400/g890/g1004/g1008/g882/g1006/g1004/g882/g1006/g1004/g1006/g1004/g880/g296/g349/g336/g1010/g890/g38/g396/g286/g400/g374/g381/g890/g28/g68/g87/g856/g373/g454/g282/g3/g894/g1008/g876/g1006/g1012/g876/g1006/g1004/g1006/g1004/g895 /g38/g47/g39/g104/g90/g28/g3/g1011
/g18/g28/g89/g4/g3/g39/g437/g349/g282/g286/g367/g349/g374/g286/g400/g3/g296/g381/g396/g3/g115/g286/g346/g349/g272/g367/g286/g3/g68/g349/g367/g286/g400/g3/g100/g396/g258/g448/g286/g367/g286/g282/g3/g100/g346/g396/g286/g400/g346/g381/g367/g282/g400/g3 City of Fresno - Existing VMT per Employee
S!!N
0 5000 10000
FEET
Fresno County Average VMT per Employee: 25.6
Threshold: 13%
Map created using Fresno County as the region.
Project Site
LSA
----
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Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report
Table of Contents
1. Basic Project Information
1.1. Basic Project Information
1.2. Land Use Types
1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector
2. Emissions Summary
2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated
2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated
2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated
3. Construction Emissions Details
3.1. Grading (2025) - Unmitigated
3.2. Grading (2025) - Mitigated
3.3. Building Construction (2025) - Unmitigated
Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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3.4. Building Construction (2025) - Mitigated
3.5. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated
3.6. Building Construction (2026) - Mitigated
3.7. Paving (2025) - Unmitigated
3.8. Paving (2025) - Mitigated
3.9. Architectural Coating (2025) - Unmitigated
3.10. Architectural Coating (2025) - Mitigated
4. Operations Emissions Details
4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use
4.1.1. Unmitigated
4.1.2. Mitigated
4.2. Energy
4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
4.3. Area Emissions by Source
4.3.1. Unmitigated
Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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4.3.2. Mitigated
4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use
4.4.1. Unmitigated
4.4.2. Mitigated
4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use
4.5.1. Unmitigated
4.5.2. Mitigated
4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use
4.6.1. Unmitigated
4.6.2. Mitigated
4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type
4.7.1. Unmitigated
4.7.2. Mitigated
4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type
4.8.1. Unmitigated
4.8.2. Mitigated
4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type
4.9.1. Unmitigated
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4.9.2. Mitigated
4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type
4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated
4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated
4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated
4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated
4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated
4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated
5. Activity Data
5.1. Construction Schedule
5.2. Off-Road Equipment
5.2.1. Unmitigated
5.2.2. Mitigated
5.3. Construction Vehicles
5.3.1. Unmitigated
5.3.2. Mitigated
5.4. Vehicles
5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
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5.5. Architectural Coatings
5.6. Dust Mitigation
5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities
5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
5.7. Construction Paving
5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors
5.9. Operational Mobile Sources
5.9.1. Unmitigated
5.9.2. Mitigated
5.10. Operational Area Sources
5.10.1. Hearths
5.10.1.1. Unmitigated
5.10.1.2. Mitigated
5.10.2. Architectural Coatings
5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated
5.11. Operational Energy Consumption
5.11.1. Unmitigated
Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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5.11.2. Mitigated
5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption
5.12.1. Unmitigated
5.12.2. Mitigated
5.13. Operational Waste Generation
5.13.1. Unmitigated
5.13.2. Mitigated
5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment
5.14.1. Unmitigated
5.14.2. Mitigated
5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment
5.15.1. Unmitigated
5.15.2. Mitigated
5.16. Stationary Sources
5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps
5.16.2. Process Boilers
5.17. User Defined
5.18. Vegetation
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5.18.1. Land Use Change
5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
5.18.1.2. Mitigated
5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type
5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
5.18.1.2. Mitigated
5.18.2. Sequestration
5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
5.18.2.2. Mitigated
6. Climate Risk Detailed Report
6.1. Climate Risk Summary
6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores
6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores
6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures
7. Health and Equity Details
7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores
7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores
7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores
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7.4. Health & Equity Measures
7.5. Evaluation Scorecard
7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures
8. User Changes to Default Data
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1. Basic Project Information
1.1. Basic Project Information
Data Field Value
Project Name Willow/Nees Development
Construction Start Date 6/2/2025
Operational Y ear 2026
Lead Agency —
Land Use Scale Project/site
Analysis Level for Defaults County
Windspeed (m/s) 2.70
Precipitation (days) 12.2
Location 7835 N Willow Ave, Clovis, CA 93611, USA
County Fresno
City Unincorporated
Air District San Joaquin Valley APCD
Air Basin San Joaquin Valley
TAZ 2432
EDFZ 5
Electric Utility Pacific Gas & Electric Company
Gas Utility Pacific Gas & Electric
App Version 2022.1.1.29
1.2. Land Use Types
Land Use Subtype Size Unit Lot Acreage Building Area (sq ft) Landscape Area (sq ft)
Special Landscape
Area
(sq ft)
Population Description
Medical Office
Building
34.1 1000sqft 0.78 34,100 35,000 — — —
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1.3. User-Selected Emission Reduction Measures by Emissions Sector Sector # Measure Title
Construction C-2* Limit Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicle Idling Construction C-4* Use Local and Sustainable Building Materials Construction C-5 Use Advanced Engine Tiers
Construction C-10-A Water Exposed Surfaces
Construction C-10-B Water Active Demolition Sites
Construction C-10-C Water Unpaved Construction Roads
Construction C-11 Limit Vehicle Speeds on Unpaved Roads Construction C-12 Sweep Paved Roads
Transportation T-34* Provide Bike Parking
Energy E-1 Buildings Exceed 2019 Title 24 Building Envelope Energy Efficiency
Standards
Energy E-2 Require Energy Efficient Appliances
Energy E-7* Require Higher Efficacy Public Street and Area Lighting Waste S-1/S-2 Implement Waste Reduction Plan
Waste S-4* Recycle Demolished Construction Material
Refrigerants R-5 Reduce Service Leak Emissions
Area Sources AS-1 Use Low-VOC Cleaning Supplies
Area Sources AS-2 Use Low-VOC Paints
* Qualitative or supporting measure. Emission reductions not included in the mitigated emissions results.
2. Emissions Summary
2.1. Construction Emissions Compared Against Thresholds Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e -------------------
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——————————————————Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Unmit. 2.00 1.69 15.4 17.7 0.03 0.68 5.43 6.11 0.63 2.60 3.23 — 3,204 3,204 0.13 0.04 0.61 3,220 Mit. 0.37 0.37 1.64 18.6 0.03 0.06 2.19 2.25 0.06 1.03 1.09 — 3,204 3,204 0.13 0.04 0.61 3,220 %
Reduced
81% 78% 89% -5% — 92% 60% 63% 91% 60% 66% — — — — — — — Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 33.1 32.9 10.6 14.4 0.02 0.44 0.19 0.63 0.40 0.04 0.45 — 2,500 2,500 0.10 0.04 0.02 2,514 Mit. 32.2 32.1 3.58 15.6 0.02 0.09 0.19 0.27 0.08 0.04 0.13 — 2,500 2,500 0.10 0.04 0.02 2,514 %
Reduced
3% 2% 66% -9% — 80% — 56% 79% — 71% — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 0.76 0.71 2.55 3.37 0.01 0.11 0.25 0.36 0.10 0.11 0.21 — 643 643 0.03 0.01 0.08 647 Mit. 0.52 0.51 0.40 3.80 0.01 0.01 0.12 0.13 0.01 0.05 0.06 — 643 643 0.03 0.01 0.08 647 %
Reduced
32% 28% 84% -13% — 88% 53% 63% 87% 57% 71% — — — — — — — Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 0.14 0.13 0.46 0.61 < 0.005 0.02 0.05 0.07 0.02 0.02 0.04 — 106 106 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 107 Mit. 0.09 0.09 0.07 0.69 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 106 106 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 107 %
Reduced
32% 28% 84% -13% — 88% 53% 63% 87% 57% 71% — — — — — — —
2.2. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e -------------------
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——————————————————Daily -
Summer
(Max)
2025 2.00 1.69 15.4 17.7 0.03 0.68 5.43 6.11 0.63 2.60 3.23 — 3,204 3,204 0.13 0.04 0.61 3,220 2026 0.64 0.54 4.94 7.33 0.01 0.19 0.08 0.27 0.17 0.02 0.19 — 1,441 1,441 0.06 0.02 0.39 1,450 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2025 33.1 32.9 10.6 14.4 0.02 0.44 0.19 0.63 0.40 0.04 0.45 — 2,500 2,500 0.10 0.04 0.02 2,514 2026 0.63 0.54 4.96 7.26 0.01 0.19 0.08 0.27 0.17 0.02 0.19 — 1,434 1,434 0.06 0.02 0.01 1,443 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2025 0.76 0.71 2.55 3.37 0.01 0.11 0.25 0.36 0.10 0.11 0.21 — 643 643 0.03 0.01 0.08 647 2026 0.23 0.20 1.81 2.66 < 0.005 0.07 0.03 0.10 0.06 0.01 0.07 — 526 526 0.02 0.01 0.06 529 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2025 0.14 0.13 0.46 0.61 < 0.005 0.02 0.05 0.07 0.02 0.02 0.04 — 106 106 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 107 2026 0.04 0.04 0.33 0.49 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 < 0.005 0.01 — 87.0 87.0 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 87.6
2.3. Construction Emissions by Y ear, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Y ear TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily -
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2025 0.37 0.37 1.64 18.6 0.03 0.06 2.19 2.25 0.06 1.03 1.09 — 3,204 3,204 0.13 0.04 0.61 3,220 2026 0.18 0.17 0.78 8.53 0.01 0.03 0.08 0.10 0.03 0.02 0.04 — 1,441 1,441 0.06 0.02 0.39 1,450 Daily -
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2025 32.2 32.1 3.58 15.6 0.02 0.09 0.19 0.27 0.08 0.04 0.13 — 2,500 2,500 0.10 0.04 0.02 2,514 2026 0.17 0.17 0.79 8.46 0.01 0.03 0.08 0.10 0.03 0.02 0.04 — 1,434 1,434 0.06 0.02 0.01 1,443 -------------------
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Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2025 0.52 0.51 0.40 3.80 0.01 0.01 0.12 0.13 0.01 0.05 0.06 — 643 643 0.03 0.01 0.08 647 2026 0.06 0.06 0.29 3.10 < 0.005 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.02 — 526 526 0.02 0.01 0.06 529 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
2025 0.09 0.09 0.07 0.69 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 106 106 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 107 2026 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.57 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 87.0 87.0 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 87.6
2.4. Operations Emissions Compared Against Thresholds
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Un/Mit. TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 5.53 5.27 3.21 24.9 0.05 0.07 3.92 3.99 0.07 0.99 1.06 207 5,890 6,097 21.1 0.30 17.6 6,730 Mit. 5.47 5.21 3.17 24.9 0.05 0.07 3.92 3.98 0.06 0.99 1.06 107 5,808 5,915 11.1 0.30 17.6 6,300 %
Reduced
1% 1% 1% < 0.5% — 5% — < 0.5% 5% — < 0.5% 48% 1% 3% 47% — < 0.5% 6% Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 4.77 4.51 3.60 21.8 0.05 0.07 3.92 3.98 0.06 0.99 1.06 207 5,479 5,686 21.1 0.32 1.30 6,310 Mit. 4.71 4.45 3.55 21.8 0.05 0.06 3.92 3.98 0.06 0.99 1.05 107 5,397 5,504 11.2 0.32 1.29 5,880 %
Reduced
1% 1% 1% < 0.5% — 5% — < 0.5% 5% — < 0.5% 48% 2% 3% 47% — 1% 7% Average
Daily
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 3.97 3.77 2.67 16.8 0.04 0.06 2.94 2.99 0.06 0.74 0.80 207 4,446 4,653 21.0 0.24 6.32 5,256 Mit. 3.91 3.71 2.62 16.7 0.04 0.06 2.94 2.99 0.05 0.74 0.80 107 4,363 4,471 11.1 0.24 6.31 4,826 %
Reduced
1% 2% 2% < 0.5% — 5% — < 0.5% 6% — < 0.5% 48% 2% 4% 47% — < 0.5% 8% -------------------
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Annual
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Unmit. 0.73 0.69 0.49 3.06 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.55 0.01 0.14 0.15 34.2 736 770 3.48 0.04 1.05 870 Mit. 0.71 0.68 0.48 3.06 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.55 0.01 0.14 0.15 17.8 722 740 1.83 0.04 1.04 799 %
Reduced
1% 2% 2% < 0.5% 1% 5% — < 0.5% 6% — < 0.5% 48% 2% 4% 47% < 0.5% < 0.5% 8%
2.5. Operations Emissions by Sector, Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 4.45 4.23 2.83 23.1 0.05 0.04 3.92 3.96 0.04 0.99 1.03 — 4,991 4,991 0.26 0.27 16.7 5,094 Area 1.04 1.02 0.01 1.48 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 6.10 6.10 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.12 Energy 0.04 0.02 0.37 0.31 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 883 883 0.11 0.01 — 889 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 198 0.00 198 19.8 0.00 — 694 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.87 0.87
Total 5.53 5.27 3.21 24.9 0.05 0.07 3.92 3.99 0.07 0.99 1.06 207 5,890 6,097 21.1 0.30 17.6 6,730 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.96 3.71 3.23 21.5 0.04 0.04 3.92 3.96 0.04 0.99 1.03 — 4,586 4,586 0.31 0.29 0.43 4,681 Area 0.77 0.77 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Energy 0.04 0.02 0.37 0.31 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 883 883 0.11 0.01 — 889 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 198 0.00 198 19.8 0.00 — 694 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.87 0.87
Total 4.77 4.51 3.60 21.8 0.05 0.07 3.92 3.98 0.06 0.99 1.06 207 5,479 5,686 21.1 0.32 1.30 6,310 -------------------
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Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.03 2.86 2.29 15.7 0.03 0.03 2.94 2.97 0.03 0.74 0.77 — 3,550 3,550 0.22 0.21 5.45 3,623 Area 0.90 0.89 0.01 0.73 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 3.01 3.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.02 Energy 0.04 0.02 0.37 0.31 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 883 883 0.11 0.01 — 889 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 198 0.00 198 19.8 0.00 — 694 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.87 0.87
Total 3.97 3.77 2.67 16.8 0.04 0.06 2.94 2.99 0.06 0.74 0.80 207 4,446 4,653 21.0 0.24 6.32 5,256 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.55 0.52 0.42 2.87 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.54 0.01 0.14 0.14 — 588 588 0.04 0.03 0.90 600 Area 0.16 0.16 < 0.005 0.13 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 0.50 0.50 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.50 Energy 0.01 < 0.005 0.07 0.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 146 146 0.02 < 0.005 — 147 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.36 1.67 3.02 0.14 < 0.005 — 7.51 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 32.9 0.00 32.9 3.28 0.00 — 115 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.14 0.14
Total 0.73 0.69 0.49 3.06 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.55 0.01 0.14 0.15 34.2 736 770 3.48 0.04 1.05 870
2.6. Operations Emissions by Sector, Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Sector TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 4.45 4.23 2.83 23.1 0.05 0.04 3.92 3.96 0.04 0.99 1.03 — 4,991 4,991 0.26 0.27 16.7 5,094 Area 0.98 0.96 0.01 1.48 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 6.10 6.10 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.12 Energy 0.04 0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 801 801 0.10 0.01 — 806 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 99.2 0.00 99.2 9.92 0.00 — 347 -------------------
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Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.86 0.86
Total 5.47 5.21 3.17 24.9 0.05 0.07 3.92 3.98 0.06 0.99 1.06 107 5,808 5,915 11.1 0.30 17.6 6,300 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.96 3.71 3.23 21.5 0.04 0.04 3.92 3.96 0.04 0.99 1.03 — 4,586 4,586 0.31 0.29 0.43 4,681 Area 0.72 0.72 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Energy 0.04 0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 801 801 0.10 0.01 — 806 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 99.2 0.00 99.2 9.92 0.00 — 347 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.86 0.86
Total 4.71 4.45 3.55 21.8 0.05 0.06 3.92 3.98 0.06 0.99 1.05 107 5,397 5,504 11.2 0.32 1.29 5,880 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 3.03 2.86 2.29 15.7 0.03 0.03 2.94 2.97 0.03 0.74 0.77 — 3,550 3,550 0.22 0.21 5.45 3,623 Area 0.85 0.84 0.01 0.73 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 3.01 3.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.02 Energy 0.04 0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 801 801 0.10 0.01 — 806 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 99.2 0.00 99.2 9.92 0.00 — 347 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.86 0.86
Total 3.91 3.71 2.62 16.7 0.04 0.06 2.94 2.99 0.05 0.74 0.80 107 4,363 4,471 11.1 0.24 6.31 4,826 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mobile 0.55 0.52 0.42 2.87 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.54 0.01 0.14 0.14 — 588 588 0.04 0.03 0.90 600 Area 0.15 0.15 < 0.005 0.13 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 0.50 0.50 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.50 Energy 0.01 < 0.005 0.06 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 133 133 0.02 < 0.005 — 133 Water — — — — — — — — — — — 1.36 1.67 3.02 0.14 < 0.005 — 7.51 Waste — — — — — — — — — — — 16.4 0.00 16.4 1.64 0.00 — 57.5 Refrig. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.14 0.14
Total 0.71 0.68 0.48 3.06 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.55 0.01 0.14 0.15 17.8 722 740 1.83 0.04 1.04 799 Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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3. Construction Emissions Details
3.1. Grading (2025) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
1.29 1.09 10.1 10.0 0.02 0.46 — 0.46 0.43 — 0.43 — 1,714 1,714 0.07 0.01 — 1,720 Dust
F
rom
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 5.31 5.31 — 2.57 2.57 — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.05 0.04 0.41 0.41 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 70.4 70.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 70.7 Dust
F
rom
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.22 0.22 — 0.11 0.11 — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
-------------------
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Off-Roa
Equipment
0.01 0.01 0.08 0.08 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 11.7 11.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 11.7 Dust
F
rom
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.04 0.04 — 0.02 0.02 — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.28 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 45.5 45.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.17 46.2 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.72 1.72 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.75 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.28 0.28 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.29 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.2. Grading (2025) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —------------------- Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.16 0.16 0.84 9.79 0.02 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 1,714 1,714 0.07 0.01 — 1,720 Dust
F
rom
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 2.07 2.07 — 1.00 1.00 — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.01 0.01 0.03 0.40 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 70.4 70.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 70.7 Dust
F
rom
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.09 0.09 — 0.04 0.04 — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.07 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 11.7 11.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 11.7 Dust
F
rom
Material
Movement
— — — — — — 0.02 0.02 — 0.01 0.01 — — — — — — —
Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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0.000.000.000.000.000.00—0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Onsite truck
Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.28 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 45.5 45.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.17 46.2 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.72 1.72 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 1.75 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.28 0.28 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.29 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.3. Building Construction (2025) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
-------------------
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1,309—0.010.051,3051,305—0.20—0.200.22—0.220.016.945.140.520.62Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.62 0.52 5.14 6.94 0.01 0.22 — 0.22 0.20 — 0.20 — 1,305 1,305 0.05 0.01 — 1,309 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.23 0.20 1.94 2.62 < 0.005 0.08 — 0.08 0.08 — 0.08 — 493 493 0.02 < 0.005 — 494 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.04 0.04 0.35 0.48 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.01 — 0.01 — 81.6 81.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 81.9 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 66.2 66.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.25 67.3 Vendor 0.01 < 0.005 0.12 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 73.5 73.5 < 0.005 0.01 0.19 77.0 Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.33 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 58.7 58.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 59.6 Vendor 0.01 < 0.005 0.13 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 73.7 73.7 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 76.9 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 23.0 23.0 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 23.3 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.05 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 27.8 27.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 29.1 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.80 3.80 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 3.87 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 4.60 4.60 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 4.81 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.4. Building Construction (2025) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.12 0.12 0.64 8.10 0.01 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 1,305 1,305 0.05 0.01 — 1,309 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -------------------
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——————————————————Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.12 0.12 0.64 8.10 0.01 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 1,305 1,305 0.05 0.01 — 1,309 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.05 0.05 0.24 3.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 493 493 0.02 < 0.005 — 494 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.01 0.01 0.04 0.56 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 81.6 81.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 81.9 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 66.2 66.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.25 67.3 Vendor 0.01 < 0.005 0.12 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 73.5 73.5 < 0.005 0.01 0.19 77.0 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.33 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 58.7 58.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 59.6 Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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Vendor 0.01 < 0.005 0.13 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 73.7 73.7 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 76.9 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 23.0 23.0 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 23.3 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.05 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 27.8 27.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 29.1 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.80 3.80 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 3.87 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 4.60 4.60 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 4.81 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.5. Building Construction (2026) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.59 0.49 4.81 6.91 0.01 0.19 — 0.19 0.17 — 0.17 — 1,304 1,304 0.05 0.01 — 1,309 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.59 0.49 4.81 6.91 0.01 0.19 — 0.19 0.17 — 0.17 — 1,304 1,304 0.05 0.01 — 1,309 -------------------
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Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.22 0.18 1.76 2.53 < 0.005 0.07 — 0.07 0.06 — 0.06 — 477 477 0.02 < 0.005 — 479 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.04 0.03 0.32 0.46 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 79.0 79.0 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 79.3 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.37 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 64.8 64.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.22 65.9 Vendor 0.01 < 0.005 0.11 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 72.1 72.1 < 0.005 0.01 0.17 75.6 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.30 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 57.5 57.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 58.4 Vendor 0.01 < 0.005 0.12 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 72.3 72.3 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 75.6 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 21.8 21.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 22.2 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 26.4 26.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 27.6 Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.61 3.61 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 3.67 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 4.37 4.37 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 4.58 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.6. Building Construction (2026) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.12 0.12 0.64 8.10 0.01 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 1,304 1,304 0.05 0.01 — 1,309 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.12 0.12 0.64 8.10 0.01 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 1,304 1,304 0.05 0.01 — 1,309 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.05 0.05 0.23 2.96 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 477 477 0.02 < 0.005 — 479 -------------------
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Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.01 0.01 0.04 0.54 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 79.0 79.0 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 79.3 Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.37 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 64.8 64.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.22 65.9 Vendor 0.01 < 0.005 0.11 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 72.1 72.1 < 0.005 0.01 0.17 75.6 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.30 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 57.5 57.5 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 58.4 Vendor 0.01 < 0.005 0.12 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 — 72.3 72.3 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 75.6 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 — 21.8 21.8 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 22.2 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.04 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 26.4 26.4 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 27.6 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.61 3.61 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 3.67 Vendor < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 4.37 4.37 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 4.58 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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3.7. Paving (2025) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.61 0.51 4.37 5.31 0.01 0.19 — 0.19 0.18 — 0.18 — 823 823 0.03 0.01 — 826 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.02 0.01 0.12 0.15 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 22.6 22.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 22.6 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.02 0.03 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 3.74 3.74 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.75 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -------------------
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Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.53 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 94.2 94.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 95.6 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 2.67 2.67 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.72 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.44 0.44 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.45 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.8. Paving (2025) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
-------------------
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826—0.010.03823823—0.06—0.060.06—0.060.015.552.090.230.27Off-Roa d
Equipm
Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.01 0.01 0.06 0.15 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 22.6 22.6 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 22.6 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.03 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 3.74 3.74 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 3.75 Paving 0.00 0.00 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.53 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.02 — 94.2 94.2 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 95.6 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 2.67 2.67 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 2.72 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.44 0.44 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.45 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.9. Architectural Coating (2025) - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.15 0.13 0.88 1.14 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ur
al
Coating
s
31.6 31.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 1.83 1.83 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.84 -------------------
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Architect
Coatings
0.43 0.43 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 0.30 0.30 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.30 Architect
ur
al
Coating
s
0.08 0.08 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 11.7 11.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 11.9 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.17 0.17 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.17 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.03 0.03 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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3.10. Architectural Coating (2025) - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Location TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Onsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
0.02 0.02 0.65 0.96 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 134 134 0.01 < 0.005 — 134 Architect
ur
al
Coating
s
31.6 31.6 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Off-Roa
d
Equipm
ent
< 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 1.83 1.83 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 1.84 Architect
ur
al
Coating
s
0.43 0.43 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
-------------------
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0.30—< 0.005< 0.0050.300.30—< 0.005—< 0.005< 0.005—< 0.005< 0.005< 0.005< 0.005< 0.005< 0.005Off-Roa d
Equipm
ent
Architect
ur
al
Coating
s
0.08 0.08 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Onsite
tr
uck
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Offsite — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 11.7 11.7 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 11.9 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average
Daily
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.17 0.17 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.17 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Worker < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.00 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.03 0.03 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.03 Vendor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hauling 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 — 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4. Operations Emissions Details
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4.1. Mobile Emissions by Land Use
4.1.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
4.45 4.23 2.83 23.1 0.05 0.04 3.92 3.96 0.04 0.99 1.03 — 4,991 4,991 0.26 0.27 16.7 5,094 Total 4.45 4.23 2.83 23.1 0.05 0.04 3.92 3.96 0.04 0.99 1.03 — 4,991 4,991 0.26 0.27 16.7 5,094 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
3.96 3.71 3.23 21.5 0.04 0.04 3.92 3.96 0.04 0.99 1.03 — 4,586 4,586 0.31 0.29 0.43 4,681 Total 3.96 3.71 3.23 21.5 0.04 0.04 3.92 3.96 0.04 0.99 1.03 — 4,586 4,586 0.31 0.29 0.43 4,681 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
0.55 0.52 0.42 2.87 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.54 0.01 0.14 0.14 — 588 588 0.04 0.03 0.90 600 Total 0.55 0.52 0.42 2.87 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.54 0.01 0.14 0.14 — 588 588 0.04 0.03 0.90 600
4.1.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Medical
Office
Building
4.45 4.23 2.83 23.1 0.05 0.04 3.92 3.96 0.04 0.99 1.03 — 4,991 4,991 0.26 0.27 16.7 5,094 Total 4.45 4.23 2.83 23.1 0.05 0.04 3.92 3.96 0.04 0.99 1.03 — 4,991 4,991 0.26 0.27 16.7 5,094 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
3.96 3.71 3.23 21.5 0.04 0.04 3.92 3.96 0.04 0.99 1.03 — 4,586 4,586 0.31 0.29 0.43 4,681 Total 3.96 3.71 3.23 21.5 0.04 0.04 3.92 3.96 0.04 0.99 1.03 — 4,586 4,586 0.31 0.29 0.43 4,681 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
0.55 0.52 0.42 2.87 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.54 0.01 0.14 0.14 — 588 588 0.04 0.03 0.90 600 Total 0.55 0.52 0.42 2.87 0.01 0.01 0.54 0.54 0.01 0.14 0.14 — 588 588 0.04 0.03 0.90 600
4.2. Energy
4.2.1. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — — 447 447 0.07 0.01 — 451
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 447 447 0.07 0.01 — 451
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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451—0.010.07447447————————————Medical
Office
Building
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 447 447 0.07 0.01 — 451
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — — 74.0 74.0 0.01 < 0.005 — 74.7
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 74.0 74.0 0.01 < 0.005 — 74.7
4.2.2. Electricity Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — — 415 415 0.07 0.01 — 419
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 415 415 0.07 0.01 — 419
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — — 415 415 0.07 0.01 — 419
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 415 415 0.07 0.01 — 419
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — — 68.6 68.6 0.01 < 0.005 — 69.3
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — 68.6 68.6 0.01 < 0.005 — 69.3 Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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4.2.3. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
0.04 0.02 0.37 0.31 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 436 436 0.04 < 0.005 — 438 Total 0.04 0.02 0.37 0.31 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 436 436 0.04 < 0.005 — 438 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
0.04 0.02 0.37 0.31 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 436 436 0.04 < 0.005 — 438 Total 0.04 0.02 0.37 0.31 < 0.005 0.03 — 0.03 0.03 — 0.03 — 436 436 0.04 < 0.005 — 438 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
0.01 < 0.005 0.07 0.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 72.3 72.3 0.01 < 0.005 — 72.5 Total 0.01 < 0.005 0.07 0.06 < 0.005 0.01 — 0.01 0.01 — 0.01 — 72.3 72.3 0.01 < 0.005 — 72.5
4.2.4. Natural Gas Emissions By Land Use - Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
0.04 0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 386 386 0.03 < 0.005 — 387 Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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Total 0.04 0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 386 386 0.03 < 0.005 — 387 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
0.04 0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 386 386 0.03 < 0.005 — 387 Total 0.04 0.02 0.32 0.27 < 0.005 0.02 — 0.02 0.02 — 0.02 — 386 386 0.03 < 0.005 — 387 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
0.01 < 0.005 0.06 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 63.9 63.9 0.01 < 0.005 — 64.1 Total 0.01 < 0.005 0.06 0.05 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 63.9 63.9 0.01 < 0.005 — 64.1
4.3. Area Emissions by Source
4.3.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Source TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Consum
er
Product
s
0.73 0.73 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ur
al
Coating
s
0.04 0.04 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent
0.26 0.24 0.01 1.48 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 6.10 6.10 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.12 Total 1.04 1.02 0.01 1.48 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 6.10 6.10 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.12 -------------------
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Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Consum
er
Product
s
0.73 0.73 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ur
al
Coating
s
0.04 0.04 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total 0.77 0.77 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Consum
er
Product
s
0.13 0.13 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ur
al
Coating
s
0.01 0.01 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent
0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.13 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 0.50 0.50 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.50 Total 0.16 0.16 < 0.005 0.13 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 0.50 0.50 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.50
4.3.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Source TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
-------------------
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————————————————0.680.68Consum
er
Product
s
Architect
ur
al
Coating
s
0.04 0.04 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent
0.26 0.24 0.01 1.48 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 6.10 6.10 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.12 Total 0.98 0.96 0.01 1.48 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 6.10 6.10 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 6.12 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Consum
er
Product
s
0.68 0.68 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ur
al
Coating
s
0.04 0.04 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total 0.72 0.72 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Consum
er
Product
s
0.12 0.12 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Architect
ur
al
Coating
s
0.01 0.01 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Landsca
pe
Equipm
ent
0.02 0.02 < 0.005 0.13 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 0.50 0.50 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.50 Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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Total 0.15 0.15 < 0.005 0.13 < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 < 0.005 — < 0.005 — 0.50 0.50 < 0.005 < 0.005 — 0.50
4.4. Water Emissions by Land Use
4.4.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — 1.36 1.67 3.02 0.14 < 0.005 — 7.51 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.36 1.67 3.02 0.14 < 0.005 — 7.51
4.4.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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——————————————————Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 8.20 10.1 18.3 0.84 0.02 — 45.3 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — 1.36 1.67 3.02 0.14 < 0.005 — 7.51 Total — — — — — — — — — — — 1.36 1.67 3.02 0.14 < 0.005 — 7.51
4.5. Waste Emissions by Land Use
4.5.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — 198 0.00 198 19.8 0.00 — 694
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 198 0.00 198 19.8 0.00 — 694 Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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——————————————————Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — 198 0.00 198 19.8 0.00 — 694
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 198 0.00 198 19.8 0.00 — 694 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — 32.9 0.00 32.9 3.28 0.00 — 115
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 32.9 0.00 32.9 3.28 0.00 — 115
4.5.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — 99.2 0.00 99.2 9.92 0.00 — 347
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 99.2 0.00 99.2 9.92 0.00 — 347 Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — 99.2 0.00 99.2 9.92 0.00 — 347
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 99.2 0.00 99.2 9.92 0.00 — 347 Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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57.5—0.001.6416.40.0016.4———————————Medical
Office
Building
Total — — — — — — — — — — — 16.4 0.00 16.4 1.64 0.00 — 57.5
4.6. Refrigerant Emissions by Land Use
4.6.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.87 0.87
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.87 0.87
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.87 0.87
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.87 0.87
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.14 0.14
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.14 0.14
4.6.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.86 0.86
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.86 0.86
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.86 0.86
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.86 0.86
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Medical
Office
Building
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.14 0.14
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.14 0.14
4.7. Offroad Emissions By Equipment Type
4.7.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
T
ype
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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——————————————————Daily,
Winter
(Max)
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
4.7.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
T
ype
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
4.8. Stationary Emissions By Equipment Type
4.8.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
T
ype
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
4.8.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
T
ype
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
4.9. User Defined Emissions By Equipment Type
4.9.1. Unmitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
T
ype
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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——————————————————Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
4.9.2. Mitigated
Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Equipm
ent
T
ype
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
4.10. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type
4.10.1. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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CO2eRN2OCH4CO2TNBCO2BCO2PM2.5TPM2.5DPM2.5EPM10TPM10DPM10ESO2CONOxROGTOGVegetati on
Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
4.10.2. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
4.10.3. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Unmitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e -------------------
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——————————————————Daily,
Summer
(Max)
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
4.10.4. Soil Carbon Accumulation By Vegetation Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Vegetati
on
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
4.10.5. Above and Belowground Carbon Accumulation by Land Use Type - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Land
Use
TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
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4.10.6. Avoided and Sequestered Emissions by Species - Mitigated Criteria Pollutants (lb/day for daily, ton/yr for annual) and GHGs (lb/day for daily, MT/yr for annual) Species TOG ROG NOx CO SO2 PM10E PM10D PM10T PM2.5E PM2.5D PM2.5T BCO2 NBCO2 CO2T CH4 N2O R CO2e Daily,
Summer
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Daily,
Winter
(Max)
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sequest
ered
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Annual — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avoided — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
-------------------
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——————————————————Sequest
ered
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Remove
d
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Subtotal — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
5. Activity Data
5.1. Construction Schedule
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date Days Per Week Work Days per Phase Phase Description Grading Grading 6/19/2025 7/9/2025 5.00 15.0 —
Building Construction Building Construction 6/22/2025 7/6/2026 5.00 271 — Paving Paving 11/10/2025 11/21/2025 5.00 10.0 —
Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 11/18/2025 11/25/2025 5.00 5.00 —
5.2. Off-Road Equipment
5.2.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Grading Graders Diesel Average 1.00 6.00 148 0.41
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Average 1.00 6.00 367 0.40 Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 1.00 7.00 84.0 0.37
Building Construction Cranes Diesel Average 1.00 4.00 367 0.29 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Average 2.00 6.00 82.0 0.20 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 2.00 8.00 84.0 0.37
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Paving Cement and Mortar
Mix
ers
Diesel Average 4.00 6.00 10.0 0.56
Paving Pavers Diesel Average 1.00 7.00 81.0 0.42
Paving Rollers Diesel Average 1.00 7.00 36.0 0.38
Paving Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Average 1.00 7.00 84.0 0.37
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Average 1.00 6.00 37.0 0.48
5.2.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor Grading Graders Diesel Tier 4 Final 1.00 6.00 148 0.41
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers Diesel Tier 4 Final 1.00 6.00 367 0.40 Grading Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Tier 4 Final 1.00 7.00 84.0 0.37
Building Construction Cranes Diesel Tier 4 Final 1.00 4.00 367 0.29 Building Construction Forklifts Diesel Tier 4 Final 2.00 6.00 82.0 0.20 Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Tier 4 Final 2.00 8.00 84.0 0.37
Paving Cement and Mortar
Mix
ers
Diesel Average 4.00 6.00 10.0 0.56
Paving Pavers Diesel Tier 4 Final 1.00 7.00 81.0 0.42
Paving Rollers Diesel Tier 4 Final 1.00 7.00 36.0 0.38
Paving Tractors/Loaders/Back
hoes
Diesel Tier 4 Final 1.00 7.00 84.0 0.37
Architectural Coating Air Compressors Diesel Tier 4 Final 1.00 6.00 37.0 0.48
5.3. Construction Vehicles
5.3.1. Unmitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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Grading — — — —
Grading Worker 7.50 7.70 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 4.00 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
Building Construction — — — —
Building Construction Worker 10.9 7.70 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 5.59 4.00 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving — — — —
Paving Worker 17.5 7.70 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 4.00 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating — — — —
Architectural Coating Worker 2.18 7.70 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 4.00 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT
5.3.2. Mitigated
Phase Name Trip Type One-Way Trips per Day Miles per Trip Vehicle Mix Grading — — — —
Grading Worker 7.50 7.70 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Grading Vendor — 4.00 HHDT,MHDT
Grading Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Grading Onsite truck — — HHDT
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Building Construction — — — —
Building Construction Worker 10.9 7.70 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Building Construction Vendor 5.59 4.00 HHDT,MHDT
Building Construction Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Building Construction Onsite truck — — HHDT
Paving — — — —
Paving Worker 17.5 7.70 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Paving Vendor — 4.00 HHDT,MHDT
Paving Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Paving Onsite truck — — HHDT
Architectural Coating — — — —
Architectural Coating Worker 2.18 7.70 LDA,LDT1,LDT2
Architectural Coating Vendor — 4.00 HHDT,MHDT
Architectural Coating Hauling 0.00 20.0 HHDT
Architectural Coating Onsite truck — — HHDT
5.4. Vehicles
5.4.1. Construction Vehicle Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.
5.5. Architectural Coatings
Phase Name Residential Interior Area
Coated
(sq ft)
Residential Exterior Area
Coated
(sq ft)
Non-Residential Interior Area
Coated
(sq ft)
Non-Residential Exterior Area
Coated
(sq ft)
Parking Area Coated (sq ft)
Architectural Coating 0.00 0.00 51,150 17,050 —
5.6. Dust Mitigation
5.6.1. Construction Earthmoving Activities
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Phase Name Material Imported (Cubic
Y
ards)
Material Exported (Cubic
Y
ards)
Acres Graded (acres) Material Demolished (sq. ft.) Acres Paved (acres) Grading 0.00 0.00 1.50 0.00 —
Paving 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
5.6.2. Construction Earthmoving Control Strategies
Non-applicable. No control strategies activated by user.
5.7. Construction Paving
Land Use Area Paved (acres) % Asphalt
Medical Office Building 0.00 0%
5.8. Construction Electricity Consumption and Emissions Factors kWh per Y ear and Emission Factor (lb/MWh)
Y ear kWh per Y ear CO2 CH4 N2O
2025 0.00 204 0.03 < 0.005
2026 0.00 204 0.03 < 0.005
5.9. Operational Mobile Sources
5.9.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Y ear VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Y ear Medical Office
Building
1,187 292 48.4 327,147 5,540 1,364 226 1,527,179
5.9.2. Mitigated
Land Use Type Trips/Weekday Trips/Saturday Trips/Sunday Trips/Y ear VMT/Weekday VMT/Saturday VMT/Sunday VMT/Y ear Medical Office
Building
1,187 292 48.4 327,147 5,540 1,364 226 1,527,179
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5.10. Operational Area Sources
5.10.1. Hearths
5.10.1.1. Unmitigated
5.10.1.2. Mitigated
5.10.2. Architectural Coatings
Residential Interior Area Coated (sq
ft)
Residential Exterior Area Coated (sq
ft)
Non-Residential Interior Area Coated
(sq
ft)
Non-Residential Exterior Area
Coated
(sq ft)
Parking Area Coated (sq ft)
0 0.00 51,150 17,050 —
5.10.3. Landscape Equipment
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180
5.10.4. Landscape Equipment - Mitigated
Season Unit Value
Snow Days day/yr 0.00
Summer Days day/yr 180
5.11. Operational Energy Consumption
5.11.1. Unmitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Medical Office Building 799,522 204 0.0330 0.0040 1,361,923 Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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5.11.2. Mitigated
Electricity (kWh/yr) and CO2 and CH4 and N2O and Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Land Use Electricity (kWh/yr) CO2 CH4 N2O Natural Gas (kBTU/yr) Medical Office Building 741,790 204 0.0330 0.0040 1,204,884
5.12. Operational Water and Wastewater Consumption
5.12.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Medical Office Building 4,278,886 480,452
5.12.2. Mitigated
Land Use Indoor Water (gal/year) Outdoor Water (gal/year) Medical Office Building 4,278,886 480,452
5.13. Operational Waste Generation
5.13.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Medical Office Building 368 —
5.13.2. Mitigated
Land Use Waste (ton/year) Cogeneration (kWh/year)
Medical Office Building 184 —
5.14. Operational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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5.14.1. Unmitigated
Land Use Type Equipment Type Refrigerant GWP Quantity (kg) Operations Leak Rate Service Leak Rate Times Serviced Medical Office
Building
Household
refr
igerators and/or
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.45 0.60 0.00 1.00
Medical Office
Building
Other commercial A/C
and
heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 4.00 4.00 18.0
5.14.2. Mitigated
Land Use Type Equipment Type Refrigerant GWP Quantity (kg) Operations Leak Rate Service Leak Rate Times Serviced Medical Office
Building
Household
refr
igerators and/or
freezers
R-134a 1,430 0.45 0.60 0.00 1.00
Medical Office
Building
Other commercial A/C
and
heat pumps
R-410A 2,088 < 0.005 4.00 2.00 18.0
5.15. Operational Off-Road Equipment
5.15.1. Unmitigated
Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor
5.15.2. Mitigated
Equipment Type Fuel Type Engine Tier Number per Day Hours Per Day Horsepower Load Factor
5.16. Stationary Sources
5.16.1. Emergency Generators and Fire Pumps
Equipment Type Fuel Type Number per Day Hours per Day Hours per Y ear Horsepower Load Factor Willow/Nees Development Detailed Report, 4/21/2025
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5.16.2. Process Boilers
Equipment Type Fuel Type Number Boiler Rating (MMBtu/hr) Daily Heat Input (MMBtu/day) Annual Heat Input (MMBtu/yr)
5.17. User Defined
Equipment Type Fuel Type
5.18. Vegetation
5.18.1. Land Use Change
5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres
5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Vegetation Land Use Type Vegetation Soil Type Initial Acres Final Acres
5.18.1. Biomass Cover Type
5.18.1.1. Unmitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres
5.18.1.2. Mitigated
Biomass Cover Type Initial Acres Final Acres
5.18.2. Sequestration
5.18.2.1. Unmitigated
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Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)
5.18.2.2. Mitigated
Tree Type Number Electricity Saved (kWh/year) Natural Gas Saved (btu/year)
6. Climate Risk Detailed Report
6.1. Climate Risk Summary
Cal-Adapt midcentury 2040–2059 average projections for four hazards are reported below for your project location. These are under Representation Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 which assumes
GHG emissions will continue to rise strongly through 2050 and then plateau around 2100.
Climate Hazard Result for Project Location Unit
Temperature and Extreme Heat 32.1 annual days of extreme heat Extreme Precipitation 1.25 annual days with precipitation above 20 mm Sea Level Rise — meters of inundation depth
Wildfire 0.00 annual hectares burned
Temperature and Extreme Heat data are for grid cell in which your project are located. The projection is based on the 98th historical percentile of daily maximum/minimum temperatures from obser
ved historical data (32 climate model ensemble from Cal-Adapt, 2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.
Extreme Precipitation data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The threshold of 20 mm is equivalent to about ¾ an inch of rain, which would be light to moderate rainfall if receiv
ed over a full day or heavy rain if received over a period of 2 to 4 hours. Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.
Sea Level Rise data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The projections are from Radke et al. (2017), as reported in Cal-Adapt (Radke et al., 2017, CEC-500-2017-008), and consider
inundation location and depth for the San Francisco Bay, the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta and California coast resulting different increments of sea level rise coupled with extreme storm events. Users may select from four scenarios to view the range in potential inundation depth for the grid cell. The four scenarios are: No rise, 0.5 meter, 1.0 meter, 1.41 meters Wildfire data are for the grid cell in which your project are located. The projections are from UC Davis, as reported in Cal-Adapt (2040–2059 average under RCP 8.5), and consider historical data of
climate, vegetation, population density, and large (> 400 ha) fire history. Users may select from four model simulations to view the range in potential wildfire probabilities for the grid cell. The four simulations make different assumptions about expected rainfall and temperature are: Warmer/drier (HadGEM2-ES), Cooler/wetter (CNRM-CM5), Average conditions (CanESM2), Range of different rainfall and temperature possibilities (MIROC5). Each grid cell is 6 kilometers (km) by 6 km, or 3.7 miles (mi) by 3.7 mi.
6.2. Initial Climate Risk Scores
Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat 5 0 0 N/A
Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sea Level Rise N/A N/A N/A N/A
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Wildfire N/A N/A N/A N/A
Flooding 0 0 0 N/A
Drought 0 0 0 N/A
Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A
Air Quality Degradation 0 0 0 N/A
The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the g
reatest exposure.
The adaptive capacity of a project refers to its ability to manage and reduce vulnerabilities from projected climate hazards. Adaptive capacity is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing
the greatest ability to adapt.
The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores do not include implementation of climate risk reduction measures
.
6.3. Adjusted Climate Risk Scores
Climate Hazard Exposure Score Sensitivity Score Adaptive Capacity Score Vulnerability Score Temperature and Extreme Heat 5 1 1 4
Extreme Precipitation N/A N/A N/A N/A
Sea Level Rise N/A N/A N/A N/A
Wildfire N/A N/A N/A N/A
Flooding 1 1 1 2
Drought 1 1 1 2
Snowpack Reduction N/A N/A N/A N/A
Air Quality Degradation 1 1 1 2
The sensitivity score reflects the extent to which a project would be adversely affected by exposure to a climate hazard. Exposure is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing the g
reatest exposure.
The adaptive capacity of a project refers to its ability to manage and reduce vulnerabilities from projected climate hazards. Adaptive capacity is rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with a score of 5 representing
the greatest ability to adapt.
The overall vulnerability scores are calculated based on the potential impacts and adaptive capacity assessments for each hazard. Scores include implementation of climate risk reduction measures
.
6.4. Climate Risk Reduction Measures
7. Health and Equity Details
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7.1. CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Scores
The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state.
Indicator Result for Project Census Tract
Exposure Indicators —
AQ-Ozone 88.7
AQ-PM 95.6
AQ-DPM 33.1
Drinking Water 84.4
Lead Risk Housing 12.6
Pesticides 0.00
Toxic Releases 64.8
Traffic 44.9
Effect Indicators —
CleanUp Sites 37.6
Groundwater 59.6
Haz Waste Facilities/Generators 76.8
Impaired Water Bodies 0.00
Solid Waste 0.00
Sensitive Population —
Asthma 39.4
Cardio-vascular 10.1
Low Birth Weights 79.0
Socioeconomic Factor Indicators —
Education 40.5
Housing 35.3
Linguistic 55.1
Poverty 58.3
Unemployment 71.7
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7.2. Healthy Places Index Scores
The maximum Health Places Index score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects healthier community conditions compared to other census tracts in the state.
Indicator Result for Project Census Tract
Economic —
Above Poverty 55.34453997
Employed 76.27357885
Median HI 55.98614141
Education —
Bachelor's or higher 72.69344283
High school enrollment 100
Preschool enrollment 9.097908379
Transportation —
Auto Access 68.11240857
Active commuting 7.096111895
Social —
2-parent households 21.62196843
Voting 55.52418837
Neighborhood —
Alcohol availability 70.52482998
Park access 51.02014629
Retail density 77.7235981
Supermarket access 40.75452329
Tree canopy 18.11882459
Housing —
Homeownership 41.63993327
Housing habitability 65.46901065
Low-inc homeowner severe housing cost burden 89.29808803 Low-inc renter severe housing cost burden 58.69369947
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Uncrowded housing 50.16040036
Health Outcomes —
Insured adults 67.86860003
Arthritis 32.9
Asthma ER Admissions 72.3
High Blood Pressure 32.4
Cancer (excluding skin) 25.9
Asthma 46.1
Coronary Heart Disease 47.4
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 45.1
Diagnosed Diabetes 65.9
Life Expectancy at Birth 76.4
Cognitively Disabled 76.7
Physically Disabled 90.7
Heart Attack ER Admissions 83.6
Mental Health Not Good 58.7
Chronic Kidney Disease 55.3
Obesity 62.5
Pedestrian Injuries 19.6
Physical Health Not Good 60.5
Stroke 45.2
Health Risk Behaviors —
Binge Drinking 43.3
Current Smoker 70.9
No Leisure Time for Physical Activity 56.1
Climate Change Exposures —
Wildfire Risk 0.0
SLR Inundation Area 0.0
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Children 32.5
Elderly 56.5
English Speaking 52.2
Foreign-born 35.7
Outdoor Workers 70.2
Climate Change Adaptive Capacity —
Impervious Surface Cover 52.6
Traffic Density 49.3
Traffic Access 0.0
Other Indices —
Hardship 43.1
Other Decision Support —
2016 Voting 44.7
7.3. Overall Health & Equity Scores
Metric Result for Project Census Tract
CalEnviroScreen 4.0 Score for Project Location (a) 55.0 Healthy Places Index Score for Project Location (b) 51.0 Project Located in a Designated Disadvantaged Community (Senate Bill 535) No Project Located in a Low-Income Community (Assembly Bill 1550) No Project Located in a Community Air Protection Program Community (Assembly Bill 617) No a: The maximum CalEnviroScreen score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects a higher pollution burden compared to other census tracts in the state. b: The maximum Health Places Index score is 100. A high score (i.e., greater than 50) reflects healthier community conditions compared to other census tracts in the state.
7.4. Health & Equity Measures
No Health & Equity Measures selected.
7.5. Evaluation Scorecard
Health & Equity Evaluation Scorecard not completed.
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7.6. Health & Equity Custom Measures
No Health & Equity Custom Measures created.
8. User Changes to Default Data
Screen Justification
Construction: Construction Phases More realistic scenarios
dtsc.ca.gov
SENT VIA ELECTRONIC MAIL
November 6, 2025
Thomas Veatch
Planner
City of Fresno
2600 Fresno Street, Room 3043
Fresno, CA 93721
[email protected]
RE: MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT NO. P23-00446/P23-00449/P23-00702 DATED NOVEMBER 5, 2025, STATE CLEARINGHOUSE NUMBER 2025110167
Dear Thomas Veatch,
The Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) reviewed the Mitigated Negative Declaration (MND) for Environmental Assessment No. P23-00446 / P23-00449 / P23- 00702 (Project). The Project consists of Annexation Application No. P23-00446 which would initiate annexation proceedings for the Nees-Willow No. 3 Reorganization for incorporation of approximately 10.55 acres within the City of Fresno and detachment from the Kings River Conservation District and Fresno County Fire Protection District.
The annexation territory consists of five separate parcels and is located at the southwest corner of North Willow and East Nees Avenues. Pre-zone Application No.
P23-00449 is to pre-zone; approximately 5.30 acres of the subject parcels at 2895 and 2991 East Nees Avenue and 7853 North Willow Avenue from the Fresno County Limited Agriculture zone district to the City of Fresno Community Commercial / Annexed Rural Residential Transitional Overlay zone district; approximately 3.30 acres of the subject parcels at 7819 and 7835 North Willow Avenues from the Fresno County Limited Agriculture zone district to the City of Fresno Community Commercial zone district.
Thomas Veatch
November 6, 2025
Development Permit Application No. P23-00702 filed by iT Architecture Inc. pertains to the approximately 3.30 acres at 7819 and 7835 North Willow Ave for development of medical, dental, and/or professional office use. DTSC recommends and requests consideration of the following comments:
1. When agricultural crops and/or land uses are proposed or rezoned for residential use, several contaminants of concern (COCs) can be present. The Lead Agency shall identify the amounts of Pesticides and Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) historically used on the property. If present, OCPs requiring further analysis are dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane, toxaphene, and dieldrin. Additionally, any level of arsenic present would require further analysis and sampling and must meet approved local area baselines or thresholds. If they do not, remedial action must take place to mitigate them below those thresholds. Additional COCs may be found in mixing/loading/storage areas, drainage ditches, farmhouses, or any other outbuildings and should be sampled and analyzed. If smudge pots had been routinely utilized, additional sampling for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and/or Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons may be required. These recommendations should be adhered to and become part of the environmental document. Please refer to the DTSC’s Human and Ecological Risk Office (HERO) webpage for the most recent guidance and screening levels.
2. If buildings or other structures are to be demolished on any Project sites included in the proposed Project, surveys should be conducted for the presence of lead-based paints or products, mercury, asbestos containing materials, and polychlorinated biphenyl caulk. Removal, demolition, and disposal of any of the above-mentioned chemicals should be conducted in compliance with California environmental regulations and policies. In addition, sampling near current and/or former buildings should be conducted in accordance with DTSC’s Preliminary Endangerment Assessment (PEA) Guidance Manual.
3. DTSC recommends all imported soil/fill material be tested to ensure all COCs meet screening levels as outlined in DTSC's Preliminary Endangerment Assessment Guidance Manual. Furthermore, DTSC advises referencing the Thomas Veatch
November 6, 2025
DTSC Information Advisory Clean Imported Fill Material Fact Sheet if importing soil/fill is necessary. To minimize the possibility of introducing contaminated soil/fill material, there should be documentation of the origins of the soil/fill material and, if applicable, sampling be conducted to ensure that the imported soil/fill material is suitable for the intended land use. The sampling should include analysis based on the source of the soil/fill and knowledge of prior land use.
4. The City of Fresno should consider soil testing as mentioned in comment #1. If, in the event any COC results are above DTSC residential screening levels, DTSC recommends the City of Fresno address the contaminations within the Project area through an Environmental Site Assessment and/or receive oversight from a self-certified local agency, DTSC or Regional Water Quality Control Board. If entering into one of DTSC’s voluntary agreements, please note that DTSC uses a single standard Request for Lead Agency Oversight Application for all agreement types. Please apply for DTSC oversight using this link: Request for Agency Oversight Application. Submittal of the online application includes an agreement to pay costs incurred during agreement preparation. If you have any questions about the application portal, please contact the relevant Regional Brownfield Coordinator for your Project.
DTSC would like to thank you for the opportunity to comment on the MND for the Project. Thank you for your assistance in protecting California’s people and environment from the harmful effects of toxic substances. If you have any questions or would like clarification on DTSC’s comments, please respond to this letter or via our CEQA Review email for additional guidance.
Sincerely,
Tamara Purvis
Associate Environmental Planner
HWMP - Permitting Division – CEQA Unit
Department of Toxic Substances Control
[email protected]
Thomas Veatch
November 6, 2025
cc: (via email)
Governor’s Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation
State Clearinghouse
[email protected]
Devin Tienken
Development Manager / Project Applicant
Legacy Construction
[email protected]
Dave Kereazis
Associate Environmental Planner
HWMP-Permitting Division – CEQA Unit
Department of Toxic Substances Control
[email protected]
Scott Wiley
Associate Governmental Program Analyst
HWMP - Permitting Division – CEQA Unit
Department of Toxic Substances Control
[email protected]