26-1138 Addendum to the SEIR for the Copper River Ranch Development Project (SCH#2000021003)

Addendum to the Subsequent Environmental Impact
Report for the
Copper River Ranch Development Project
(SCH#2000021003)
Prepared for:

City of Fresno
Planning and Development Department
2600 Fresno Street
Fresno, CA 93721
(559) 621-8044
Contact: Israel Trejo, Planning Manager
Prepared by:

Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.
113 N. Church Street, Suite 310
Visalia, CA 93291
(559) 840-4414
Contact: Travis Crawford, AICP
September 4, 2026

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION ONE – INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................1

1.1 Addendum Purpose ................................................................................................................................1

1.2 Environmental Analysis and Conclusions ...........................................................................................2

1.3 Incorporation by Reference ....................................................................................................................2

1.4 Addendum Process .................................................................................................................................2 SECTION TWO – PROJECT DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................3

2.1 Location and Setting................................................................................................................................3

2.2 Original Project Description...................................................................................................................3 SECTION THREE – CEQA CHECKLIST .......................................................................................................4

3.1 Checklist Evaluation Categories............................................................................................................5

3.2 Environmental Analysis .........................................................................................................................5 Copper River Ranch Project 1
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SECTION ONE – INTRODUCTION
This environmental document is an Addendum to the Copper River Ranch Project (Approved Project) Subsequent Environmental Impact Report (SEIR), certified on December 9, 2021 (State Clearinghouse (2000021003), by the City of Fresno.

In order to modify SEIR Mitigation Measure HYD – 2B to allow for the use of Equivalent Dwelling Units for all new connections to the City’s water system, in addition to the current option of paying the Water Capacity Fee as specified in the City’s Master Fee Schedule provide water services within the 109 acre area, the City has determined that an Addendum should be prepared to the previous Project SEIR. As demonstrated in this Addendum, there will be no additional impacts and the SEIR continues to serve as the appropriate document addressing the environmental impacts of these changes, pursuant to California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

1.1 Addendum Purpose
When a proposed project is changed, there are changes in environmental setting, or new information becomes available, a determination must be made by the Lead Agency as to whether an Addendum or Subsequent EIR or MND is prepared. CEQA Guidelines Sections 15162 and 15164 sets forth criteria to assess which environmental document is appropriate. The criteria for determining whether an Addendum or Subsequent EIR is prepared are outlined below. If the criteria below are true, then an Addendum is the appropriate document:
• No new significant impacts will result from the project or from new mitigation measures. • No substantial increase in the severity of environment impact will occur. • No new feasible alternatives or mitigation measures that would reduce impacts previously found not to be feasible have, in fact been found to be feasible.

Based upon the information provided in Section Three of this document, the new Project information will not result in new significant impacts or substantially increase the severity of impacts previously identified in the EIR, and there are no previously infeasible alternatives that are now feasible. None of the other factors set forth in Section 15162(a)(3) are present.

As such, an Addendum is appropriate, and this Addendum has been prepared to address the environmental effects of the modified Project.

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1.2 Environmental Analysis and Conclusions
The previously Approved Project was evaluated under CEQA with a Subsequent EIR that was certified in 2021. This Addendum addresses the environmental effects associated with the Project to determine if there are any new or increased environmental impacts due to implementation of the Project within the current regulatory and environmental setting. The conclusions of the analysis in this Addendum remain consistent with those made in the original SEIR. No new significant impacts will result, and no substantial increase in severity of impacts will result from those previously identified in the EIR.

1.3 Incorporation by Reference
In compliance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15150, this Addendum has incorporated by reference the Copper River Ranch Project Subsequent EIR certified on December 9, 2021 (State Clearinghouse #2000021003). Information from this document incorporated by reference into this Addendum have been briefly summarized in the appropriate section(s) which follow, and the relationship between the incorporated part of the referenced document and this Addendum has been described. The documents and other sources which have been used in the preparation of this Addendum can be found as footnotes in the sections where they are referenced.

1.4 Addendum Process
As described in Section 1.1, an addendum to a certified EIR may be prepared if only minor technical changes or additions are necessary or none of the conditions described in Section 15162 calling for the preparation of a subsequent EIR or negative declaration have occurred. 1 An
addendum need not be circulated for public review but can be included in or attached to the Final EIR or Negative Declaration.
2 The decision-making body shall consider the addendum with the final EIR or adopted negative declaration prior to making a decision on the project. 3 Once
adopted, the Addendum, along with the original EIR or Negative Declaration, is placed in the Administrative Record, and the CEQA process is complete. A copy of the Addendum will be transmitted to the State Clearinghouse.
1 CEQA Guidelines, Section 15164(a)
2 CEQA Guidelines, Section 15164(c)
3 CEQA Guidelines Section 15164(d)
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SECTION TWO – PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Location and Setting
The Copper River Ranch Project consists of two areas of development. The first consists of adding approximately 109 acres to the Copper River Ranch development that were not included in the original 2003 Copper River Ranch FEIR. The second consists of proposed land use designation changes within the existing 706.5 acre Copper River Ranch Development.

The existing Copper River Ranch development area consists of approximately 706.5 acres situated generally between Friant Road, Copper Avenue, Willow Avenue and Silaxo Road. The existing development has been building out / developed since the original EIR was approved in 2003. The area consists of residential housing, commercial establishments, a golf course, parks/trails and related improvements.

The proposed new areas of development that were assessed by the SEIR, will occur on approximately 109 acres adjacent and east of the existing Copper River Ranch footprint. The new 109-acre development area has been mostly disturbed (graded, disced, or developed) and supports residential development, portions of a golf course, and disturbed land with patches of ruderal vegetation. The proposed new development area is surrounded by residential development to the north; residential development, portions of a golf course, and disturbed land to the south; orchards, residential development, portions of a golf course, and disturbed land to the east; and residential development, commercial development, portions of a golf course, and disturbed land to the west. Refer to Chapter Two – Project Description in the SEIR for more information.

2.2 Original Project Description
The approved Copper River Ranch Project modified certain General Plan designations to reflect both the actual built out conditions of the existing Copper River Ranch development and to identify any proposed land use designations and zone districts that are planned for the future. The changes to land use designations and zone districts will facilitate various subdivisions of land for residential development.

The tentative tract maps pertaining to the approved Copper River Ranch Project include: Vesting Tentative Tract Map Nos. 6238, 6246, 6248, 6250 and 6269 and other developments within the subject area. The approved Copper River Ranch Project will occur within the original 706 acres as well as the additional 109 acres.

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The approved Copper River Ranch Project will facilitate the construction of up to 3,216 total residential units within the proposed Development. Thus, the total number of “new” units at full buildout beyond what was analyzed in the 2003 FEIR is 379 additional units. The additional 379 units is derived by taking the difference between the 2003 FEIR total buildout (2,837 units) and the proposed number of units (3,216). Although only 379 units are being added to the development, the SEIR evaluated the impacts of all 3,216 units. Refer to Chapter Two – Project Description of the Draft SEIR for the full breakdown of the proposed land use changes.

New Information
The City has determined that Mitigation Measure HYD – 2B be modified to allow for the use of Equivalent Dwelling Units (EDUs) for all new connections to the City’s water system, in addition to the current option of paying the Water Capacity Fee as specified in the City’s Master Fee Schedule for the Project.

There are no proposed or anticipated changes to the intensity, density, or nature of the approved Copper River Ranch Project and there are no proposed or anticipated changes to construction or operational activities of the Project. The proposed changes contemplated by this Addendum are limited to modifications to Mitigation Measure HYD – 2B to allow for the use of EDUs for all new connections to the City’s water system, in addition to the current option of paying the Water Capacity Fee as specified in the City’s Master Fee Schedule . A Water Demand Memorandum was prepared, dated August 31, 2026 (see Attachment A) to support the modification of the Mitigation Measure. The Conditions of Approval and/or Development Agreement will be modified to reflect the changes to Mitigation Measure HYD – 2B and information shown in the attached Water Demand Memorandum. Refer to Section X – Hydrology & Water Quality herein for the specific information regarding the changes.

SECTION THREE – CEQA CHECKLIST
The purpose of the checklist is to evaluate the categories in terms of any changed condition (e.g., changed circumstances, project changes, or new information of substantial importance) that may result in a changed environment result (e.g., a new significant impact or substantial increase in the severity of a previously identified significant effect).
4 4 CEQA Guidelines Section 15162
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The questions posed in the checklist come from Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines. A “no” answer does not necessarily mean that there are no potential impacts relative to the environmental category, but that there is no change in the condition or status of the impact since it was analyzed and addressed with mitigation measures in the EIR prepared for the Project. These environmental categories might be answered with a “no” in the checklist, since the proposed Project does not introduce changes that would result in modification to the conclusion of the certified SEIR.

3.1 Checklist Evaluation Categories
Conclusion in Prior EIR – This column provides a cross reference to the section of the EIR where the conclusion may be found relative to the environmental issue listed under each topic.

Do Proposed Changes Involve New Impacts? – Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15162(a)(1), this column indicates whether the changes represented by the revised project will result in new significant environmental impacts not previously identified or mitigated by the EIR, or whether the changes will result in a substantial increase in the severity of a previously identified significant impact.

New Circumstances Involving New Impacts? – Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15162(a)(2), this column indicates where there have been substantial changes with respect to the circumstances under which the project is undertaken that will require major revisions to the EIR, due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects.

New Information Requiring Analysis or Verification? – Pursuant to CEAQA Guidelines Section 15162(a)(3)(a-d), this column indicates whether new information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time of the previous EIR was certified as complete.

Certified EIR Mitigation Measures – Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15162(a)(3), this column indicates whether the EIR provides mitigation measures to address effects in the related impact category.

3.2 Environmental Analysis
As explained in Section One, this comparative analysis has been undertaken pursuant to the provisions of CEQA Sections 15162 and 15164 to provide the City with the factual basis for determining whether any changes in the project, any changes in circumstances, or any new information since the EIR was certified require additional environmental review or preparation of a Subsequent EIR to the EIR previously prepared.

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I. AESTHETICS
Environmental Issue
Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Have a substantial
adverse effect on a
scenic vista?
Less Than
Significant.

No. There are
no identified
scenic vistas in
the area.

None.
b. Substantially
damage scenic
resources,
including, but not
limited to, trees,
rock outcroppings,
and historic
buildings within a
state scenic
highway?
Less Than
Significant.

No. There are
no scenic
resources in the
project area.

None.
c. In non-urbanized
areas,
substantially
degrade
the existing visual
character or
quality of public
views of the site
and its
surroundings?
(Public
views are those
that are
experienced from
publicly accessible
vantage point). If
the project
is in an urbanized
area, would the
project
conflict with
applicable zoning
and other
regulations
governing scenic
quality?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not
substantially
degrade site
existing visual
character.

AES - 1
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d. Create a new
source of
substantial light or
glare which would
adversely affect
day or nighttime
views in the area?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not
create a source
of substantial
light or glare.

AES – 2
AES – 3
AES – 4
AES – 5
AES - 6

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts with mitigation to aesthetic resources. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the Project impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
AES – 1, AES – 2, AES – 3, AES – 4, AES – 5, AES - 6

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the SEIR remain unchanged.

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II. AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY RESOURCES
Environmental Issue Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Convert Prime
Farmland, Unique
Farmland, or Farmland
of Statewide
Importance (Farmland),
as shown on the maps
prepared pursuant to
the Farmland Mapping
and Monitoring
Program of the
California Resources
Agency to nonagricultural use?
No
Impact.

No. The
project will
not remove
any land
from
agricultural
production.

No. The
project will
continue to
not remove
any land from
agricultural
production.

No. The
proposed
project
remains the
same
concerning
agricultural
resources.

None.
b. Conflict with existing
zoning for agricultural
use, or a Williamson
Act contract?
No
Impact.

No. The
project will
not remove
any land
from
agricultural
production.

No. The
project will
not remove
any land from
agricultural
production.

No. The
proposed
project
remains the
same
concerning
agricultural
resources.

None.
c. Conflict with existing
zoning for, or cause
rezoning of, forest land
(as defined in Public
Resources Code section
12220(g)), timberland
(as defined by Public
Resources Code section
4526), or timberland
zoned Timberland
Production (as defined
by Government Code
section 51104(g))?
No
Impact.

No. The
project will
not remove
any land
from
agricultural
production.

No. The
project will
not remove
any land from
agricultural
production.

No. The
proposed
project
remains the
same
concerning
agricultural
resources.

None.
d. Result in the loss of
forest land or
conversion of forest
land to non-forest use?
No
Impact.

No. There is
no forest
land on site.

No. There is
no forest land
on site.

None.
e. Involve other changes
in the existing
Less Than
Significant
No. The
project will
No. The
project will
No. The
project will
AG - 1
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Environmental Issue Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified EIR
Mitigation
Measures
environment which,
due to their location or
nature, could result in
conversion of
Farmland, to nonagricultural use or
conversion of forest
land to non-forest use?
with
Mitigation.
not remove
any land
from
agricultural
production.
not remove
any land from
agricultural
production.
not remove
any land from
agricultural
production.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts with mitigation to agricultural or forestry resources. The site is within the City limits of Fresno and is designated and zoned for a variety of urban uses including residential, commercial, office, open space, golf course and related uses. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, there remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
AG - 1

CONCLUSION
The Project will have continue to have less than significant impacts on agricultural or forestry resources.

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III. AIR QUALITY
Environmental Issue
Area
Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Conflict with or
obstruct
implementation of
the applicable air
quality plan?
Significant
and
unavoidable.

No. The project
would not
create new
significant
increases in air
emissions that
would conflict
or obstruct
implementation
of an available
air quality plan.

No. The project
would not create
new significant
increases in air
emissions that
would conflict
or obstruct
implementation
of an available
air quality plan.

No. The project
would not
result in a
cumulatively
considerable
net increase of
any criteria
pollutant for
which the
project region is
nonattainment
under an
applicable
federal or state
ambient air
quality
standard.

AIR - 1
b. Result in a
cumulatively
considerable net
increase of any
criteria pollutant for
which the project
region is
nonattainment
under an applicable
federal or state
ambient air quality
standard?
Significant
and
Unavoidable
No. The project
would not
result in a
cumulatively
considerable
net increase of
any criteria
pollutant for
which the
project region is
nonattainment
under an
applicable
federal or state
ambient air
quality
standard.

No. The project
would not result
in a
cumulatively
considerable net
increase of any
criteria pollutant
for which the
project region is
nonattainment
under an
applicable
federal or state
ambient air
quality
standard.

AIR – 1

2.3.1-a

2.3-.1-b

2.3.2-a

2.3.2-b
c. Expose sensitive
receptors to
substantial pollutant
concentrations.

Less Than
Significant
Impact.

No. The project
would not
expose
sensitive
receptors to
substantial
No. The project
would not
expose sensitive
receptors to
substantial
No. The project
would not
expose sensitive
receptors to
substantial
None.

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Environmental Issue
Area
Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
pollutant
concentrations.
pollutant
concentrations.
pollutant
concentrations.
d. Result in other
emissions (such as
those leading to
odors) adversely
affecting a
substantial number
of people?
Less Than
Significant
Impact.

No. The project
would not
result in other
emissions that
would affect a
substantial
number of
people.

No. The project
would not result
in other
emissions that
would affect a
substantial
number of
people.

No. The project
would not
result in other
emissions that
would affect a
substantial
number of
people.

None.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have a significant and unavoidable impact on air quality. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains significant and unavoidable.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
AIR – 1, 2.3.1-a, 2.3-.1-b, 2.3.2-a, 2.3.2-b

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

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IV. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Have a substantial
adverse effect, either
directly or through
habitat modifications,
on any species
identified as a
candidate, sensitive, or
special status species in
local or regional plans,
policies, or regulations,
or by the California
Department of Fish and
Game or U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service?
Less Than
Significant
Impact with
Mitigation.

No. There are
no changes to
the Project
description that
would result in
an increase in
biological
impacts from
the previous
EIR.

BIO - 1
BIO - 2
b. Have a substantial
adverse effect on any
riparian habitat or
other sensitive natural
community identified
in local or regional
plans, policies,
regulations, or by the
California Department
of Fish and Game or
U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service?
No Impact. No. The site
does not
contain any
biologically
unique or
riparian
habitat.

No. The site
does not contain
any biologically
unique or
riparian habitat.

None.
c. Have a substantial
adverse effect on state
or federally protected
wetlands as defined by
Section 404 of the Clean
Water Act (including,
but not limited to,
marsh, vernal pool,
coastal, etc.) through
direct removal, filling,
hydrological
interruption, or other
means?
No Impact. No. The site
does not
contain any
wetlands or
other waters
that would be
impacted.

No. The site
does not contain
any wetlands or
other waters
that would be
impacted.

None.
d. Interfere substantially
with the movement of
Less than
significant
No. The project
will not
No. The project
will not
No. The project
will not
BIO - 3
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Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
any native resident or
migratory fish or
wildlife species or with
established native
resident or migratory
wildlife corridors, or
impede the use of
native wildlife nursery
sites?
with
Mitigation.
interfere with
any fish or
wildlife
movement or
corridors.
interfere with
any fish or
wildlife
movement or
corridors.
interfere with
any fish or
wildlife
movement or
corridors.
e. Conflict with any local
policies or ordinances
protecting biological
resources, such as a tree
preservation policy or
ordinance?
No impact. No. No
additional
construction is
proposed.

No. No
additional
construction is
proposed.

None.
f. Conflict with the
provisions of an
adopted Habitat
Conservation Plan,
Natural Community
Conservation Plan, or
other approved local,
regional, or state
habitat conservation
plan?
No Impact. No. The Project
is not subject to
any adopted
biological
conservation
plans.

No. The Project
is not subject to
any adopted
biological
conservation
plans.

None.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts with mitigation on biological resources. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
BIO – 1, BIO – 2, BIO – 3
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CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

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V. CULTURAL RESOURCES
Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Cause a substantial
adverse change in the
significance of a
historical resource as
defined in §15064.5?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. There are
no known
historic or
archaeological
resources exist
on site.

CUL - 1
b. Cause a substantial
adverse change in the
significance of an
archaeological resource
pursuant to §15064.5?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The
project will not
cause a
substantial
adverse
change in the
significance of
an
archaeological
resource.

No. The project
will not cause a
substantial
adverse change
in the
significance of
an
archaeological
resource.

CUL – 1
c. Disturb any human
remains, including
those interred outside
of formal cemeteries?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The
project will not
disturb any
human
remains.

No. The project
will not disturb
any human
remains.

CUL - 2

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts with mitigation on cultural resources. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
CUL – 1, CUL - 2

CONCLUSION
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The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

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VI. ENERGY
Environmental Issue
Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Result in
potentially
significant
environmental
impact due to
wasteful,
inefficient or
unnecessary
consumption of
energy resources,
during project
construction or
operation?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The Project
will not result
in inefficient or
wasteful use of
energy during
construction or
operation.

No. The Project
will not result in
inefficient or
wasteful use of
energy during
construction or
operation.

None.
b. Conflict with or
obstruct a state or
local plan for
renewable energy
or energy
efficiency?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The Project
does not
conflict with
any applicable
energy use
plans.

No. The Project
does not conflict
with any
applicable
energy use
plans.

None.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts on energy. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
None.

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the original EIR remain unchanged.

Copper River Ranch Project 18
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

VII. GEOLOGY AND SOILS
Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Directly or indirectly
cause potential
substantial adverse
effects, including the
risk of loss, injury, or
death involving:
i. Rupture of a known
earthquake fault, as
delineated on the
most recent AlquistPriolo Earthquake
Fault Zoning Map
issued by the State
Geologist for the
area or based on
other substantial
evidence of a
known fault? Refer
to Division of Mines
and Geology
Special Publication

42. Less Than
Significant
Impact.

No. The
project
would not
be exposed
to fault
rupture.

However,
current
building
code
regulations
will be
required to
be
implemente
d to address
potential
ground
shaking.

No. The
project would
not be
exposed to
fault rupture.

However,
current
building code
regulations
will be
required to be
implemented
to address
potential
ground
shaking.

No. The
project would
not be
exposed to
fault rupture.

However,
current
building code
regulations
will be
required to be
implemented
to address
potential
ground
shaking.

None.
ii. Strong seismic
ground shaking?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The
project
would not
increase
exposure to
risks
associated
with strong
seismic
ground
shaking.

However,
current
No. The
project would
not increase
exposure to
risks
associated
with strong
seismic
ground
shaking.

However,
current
building code
No. The
project would
not increase
exposure to
risks
associated
with strong
seismic
ground
shaking.

However,
current
building code
None.

Copper River Ranch Project 19
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
building
code
regulations
will be
required to
be
implemente
d to address
potential
ground
shaking.
regulations
will be
required to be
implemented
to address
potential
ground
shaking.
regulations
will be
required to be
implemented
to address
potential
ground
shaking.
iii. Seismic-related
ground failure,
including
liquefaction?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The
project
would not
increase
exposure to
seismicrelated
ground
failure
including
liquefaction.

No. The
project would
not increase
exposure to
seismicrelated ground
failure
including
liquefaction.

No. The
project would
not increase
exposure to
seismicrelated
ground failure
including
liquefaction.

None.
iv. Landslides? Less Than
Significant.

No. The
project
would not
increase
exposure to
landslides.

No. The
project would
not increase
exposure to
landslides.

None.
b. Result in substantial
soil erosion or the
loss of topsoil?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The
project
would not
result in soil
erosion or
the loss of
topsoil.

No. The
project would
not result in
soil erosion or
the loss of
topsoil.

None.
c. Be located on a
geologic unit or soil
that is unstable, or
that would become
unstable as a result
of the project, and
potentially result in
on- or off-site
landslide, lateral
Less Than
Significant
Impact.

No. The
project
would not
increase
exposure to
risks
associated
with
unstable
No. The
project would
not increase
exposure to
risks
associated
with unstable
geologic units
or soils.

No. The
project would
not increase
exposure to
risks
associated
with unstable
geologic units
or soils.

None.

Copper River Ranch Project 20
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
spreading,
subsidence,
liquefaction or
collapse?
geologic
units or
soils.
d. Be located on
expansive soil, as
defined in Table 18-
1-B of the most
recently adopted
Uniform Building
Code creating
substantial risks to
life or property?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The
project
would not
increase
exposure to
risks
associated
with
expansive
soil.

No. The
project would
not increase
exposure to
risks
associated
with
expansive soil.

No. The
project would
not increase
exposure to
risks
associated
with
expansive
soil.

None.
e. Have soils
incapable of
adequately
supporting the use
of septic tanks or
alternative waste
water disposal
systems where
sewers are not
available for the
disposal of waste
water?
Less Than
Significant
Impact.

No. The
project
would not
implement
septic tanks
or
alternative
wastewater
disposal
systems.

No. The
project would
not implement
septic tanks or
alternative
wastewater
disposal
systems.

No. The
project would
not
implement
septic tanks or
alternative
wastewater
disposal
systems.

None.
f. Directly or
indirectly destroy a
unique
paleontological
resource or site or
unique geologic
feature?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The
project
would not
destroy a
paleontologi
cal resource
or geologic
feature.

No. The
project would
not destroy a
paleontologica
l resource or
geologic
feature.

No. The
project would
not destroy a
paleontologic
al resource or
geologic
feature.

CUL - 1

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts with mitigation on geology and soils. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

Copper River Ranch Project 21
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
CUL - 1

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

Copper River Ranch Project 22
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

VIII. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Generate greenhouse
gas emissions, either
directly or indirectly,
that may have a
significant impact on
the environment?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The
project would
not generate a
significant
amount of
greenhouse
gas emissions.

No. The project
would not
generate a
significant
amount of
greenhouse gas
emissions.

None.
b. Conflict with an
applicable plan, policy
or regulation adopted
for the purpose of
reducing the emissions
of greenhouse gases?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The
project would
not conflict
with an
applicable
GHG
reduction
plan.

No. The project
would not
conflict with an
applicable
GHG reduction
plan.

None.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts on greenhouse gas emissions. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
None.

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

Copper River Ranch Project 23
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

IX. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Environmental Issue Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes Involve
New Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Create a significant
hazard to the public or
the environment
through the routine
transport, use, or
disposal of hazardous
materials?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The project
would not create
new or increased
impact involving
hazardous
materials.

No. The project
would not create
new or increased
impact
involving
hazardous
materials.

None.
b. Create a significant
hazard to the public or
the environment
through reasonably
foreseeable upset and
accident conditions
involving the release of
hazardous materials
into the environment?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not create
additional
significant
hazard to the
public or
environmental
through
reasonably
foreseeable
upset and
accident
conditions.

2.10.8-a
c. Emit hazardous
emissions or handle
hazardous or acutely
hazardous materials,
substances, or waste
within one-quarter mile
of an existing or
proposed school?
Less Than
Significant.

No. There
continues to be
no school within
one-quarter mile
of the site.

None.
d. Be located on a site
which is included on a
list of hazardous
materials sites
compiled pursuant to
Government Code
Section 65962.5 and, as
a result, would it create
a significant hazard to
the public or the
environment?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The project
is not designated
as a site which is
included on a
list of hazardous
materials sites
compiled
pursuant to
Government
Code Section
65962.5.

None.
e. For a project located
within an airport land
Less Than
Significant.

No. The project
is not within an
No. The project
is not within an
No. The project
is not within an
None.

Copper River Ranch Project 24
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

Environmental Issue Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes Involve
New Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
use plan or, where such
a plan has not been
adopted, within two
miles of a public airport
or public use airport,
would the project result
in a safety hazard for
people residing or
working in the project
area?
airport land use
plan area.
airport land use
plan area.
airport land use
plan area.
f. Impair implementation
of or physically
interfere with an
adopted emergency
response plan or
emergency evacuation
plan?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The project
would not
impair
emergency
evacuation or
response.

None.
g. Expose people or
structures to a
significant risk of loss,
injury or death
involving wildland
fires?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The project
site is not
located in an
area susceptible
to extreme fire
hazards or
wildland fires.

None.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts with mitigation on hazards and hazardous materials. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES

2.10.8-a CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

Copper River Ranch Project 25
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

X. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY
Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Violate any water quality
standards or waste
discharge requirements
or otherwise
substantially degrade
surface or ground water
quality?
Less than
Significant
Impact with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not
violate water
quality
standards or
waste
discharge
requirements.

HYD – 1
b. Substantially decrease
groundwater supplies or
interfere substantially
with groundwater
recharge such that the
project may impede
sustainable groundwater
management of the
basin?
Less than
Significant
Impact with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not
substantially
deplete
groundwater
resources or
impair
groundwater
recharge.

Yes. The project
would not
substantially
deplete
groundwater
resources or
impair
groundwater
recharge.

However,
Mitigation
Measure HYD
– 2B is being
modified to
allow for the
use of
Equivalent
Dwelling Units
for all new
connections to
the City’s water
system, in
addition to the
current option
of paying the
Water Capacity
Fee as specified
in the City’s
Master Fee
Schedule .

HYD –
2A
HYD –
2B

2.9.1-a

2.9.1-c

2.9.1-d

2.9.1-e

2.9.2-a

2.9.2-b

2.9.2-c

2.9.3-a

2.9.3-b

2.9.3-c

2.9.4-a

2.9.6-a
c. Substantially alter the
existing drainage pattern
of the site or area,
Copper River Ranch Project 26
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
including through the
alteration of the course of
a stream or river, in a
manner which would:
i. result in
substantial erosion
or siltation on- or
off-site?
Less than
Significant
Impact.

No. The project
would not
substantially
alter the
existing site
drainage
pattern and it
would not alter
the course of a
stream or river
or result in
erosion or
siltation on or
off site.

None.
ii. substantially
increase the rate or
amount of surface
runoff in a manner
which would
result in flooding
on- or off-site?
Less than
Significant
Impact.

No. The project
would not
substantially
increase the
rate of runoff in
a manner that
would result in
flooding on- or
off- site.

None.
iii. Create or
contribute runoff
water which
would exceed the
capacity of existing
or planned
stormwater
drainage systems
or provide
substantial
additional sources
of polluted runoff?
Less than
Significant
Impact with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not
increase the
rate of runoff in
a manner that
would result in
flooding on- or
off- site.

HYD - 3
iv. Impede or redirect
flood flows?
Less than
Significant
Impact.

No. The project
would not
impede or
redirect flood
flows.

None.

Copper River Ranch Project 27
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
d. In flood hazard,
tsunami, or seiche
zones, risk release of
pollutants due to
project
inundation?
No Impact. No. The project
would not
release
pollutants due
to project
inundation.

No. The project
would not
release
pollutants due
to project
inundation.

None.
e. Conflict with or
obstruct
implementation of
a water quality control
plan or sustainable
groundwater
management plan?
Less than
Significant
Impact.

No. The project
would not
conflict with or
obstruct
implementation
of a water
quality control
plan or
sustainable
groundwater
management
plan.

None.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts with mitigation on hydrology and water quality. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. However, the City is modifying Mitigation Measure HYD – 2B to allow for Equivalent Dwelling Units to for all new connections to the City’s water system, in addition to the current option of paying the Water Capacity Fee, as specified in the City’s Master Fee Schedule. To support this modification, a Water Demand Memorandum was prepared, dated August 31, 2026 (Attachment A). The Memorandum was prepared to summarize the projected water demand for the Project at full build out based on actual meter usage data in 2024 and 2025 from the currently active water connections within the development. The information from the Memorandum is summarized herein.

Attachment A) – Copper River Ranch Exhibit Map and Copper River Ranch Equivalent Dwelling Unit (EDU) Count document and available planning and development information were referenced to estimate the number of connections at full build-out.

Demand
The average day demand for each water meter was calculated by dividing the total volume of water used by the number of days the meter was on-line (generally 365 days for a full year’s operation). In contrast, the maximum day demand serves as an extreme condition occurring once a year when total water demand across the development is the highest for the year. In 2024 and 2025, that day occurred on August 24 and August 9, respectively per City staff. The arithmetic mean of the average and maximum day flow per connection can be found in the table below.

Table 1 – Demand Per Connection Based on 2024 and 2025 Meter Data (City of Fresno, 2026) Demand Projections
The Memorandum examined the City of Fresno’s Attachment 1 (of Attachment A) – 2024 and 2025 Combined Meter Data to determine an average flow per connection by land use type. The maximum number of connections in a tract were determined by the available development information, and connection assumptions developed for this analysis (Copper River Ranch EDU Count) document. Meter data was used for tracts that are constructed, while average values shown in Table 1 were used for undeveloped areas. See Tables 2 and 3. As discussed in the Connections section, there are several tracts, generally planned for urban neighborhood developments, that have not yet been assigned a unit count.

In these cases, projected connection counts were estimated based on available planning information and the assumptions documented in Copper River Ranch EDU Count – DPU – July 10, 2026 (Attachment 3 of Attachment A).

Copper River Ranch Project 29
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

Table 2 – Total Demand Calculation
Table 3 – Total Demand by Land Use Type
In addition to the water demand summarized above, the CRR Development water demand includes sufficient water to meet firefighting requirements. City staff have indicated that a fire flow demand of 2,500 gallons per minute should be added to the Max Day Demand to generate a total demand estimate for the CRR Development. Using that value, the Total Water Demand for the development is:

Total Demand at Full Buildout = MDD + Fire Flow
= 1,497 gpm + 2,500 gpm = 3,997 gpm
Available Water Supply
The Copper River Ranch Development has constructed or funded water supplies to meet existing and projected water demands within the development area. Through a combination of water wells and surface water supply, the total water available is 4,105 gallons per minute (see Attachment A).

Summary
Table 4 below summarizes the Demand and Supply calculations for the overall Copper River Ranch Development area, including existing and proposed areas evaluated in the Memorandum.

Copper River Ranch Project 30
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

Table 4 – Demand and Supply Calculation Summary
Based on the demand analysis and available water supply information contained in the Memorandum (Attachment A), the Copper River Ranch Development area is projected to have sufficient water supply capacity to serve the entire project area at projected full build-out as of August 2026.

Mitigation Measure Modification
The City of Fresno is modifying Mitigation Measure HYD – 2B to allow for Equivalent Dwelling Units for all new connections to the City’s water system, in addition to the current option of paying the Water Capacity Fee as specified in the City’s Master Fee Schedule. The Mitigation Measure shall be modified as follows (shown in tracked changes):

HYD – 2B: The total Project area considered for water supply requirements consists of an original Project area of 706 acres and new Project area of 109 acres. The City has previously established water supply requirements for the original Project area of 706 acres and memorialized them in a Water Supply Implementation Agreement. For the new Project area, the Developer shall pay the Water Capacity Fee as specified in the City’s Master Fee Schedule, or present Equivalent Dwelling Units in lieu of payment, for all new connections to the City’s water system.

There are no other changes to the SEIR analysis or conclusions. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

Copper River Ranch Project 31
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
HYD – 1, HYD – 2A, HYD – 2B, HYD – 3, 2.9.1-a, 2.9.1-c, 2.9.1-d, 2.9.1-e, 2.9.2-a, 2.9.2-b, 2.9.2-c, 2.9.3-a,

2.9.3-b, 2.9.3-c, 2.9.4-a, 2.9.6-a

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

Copper River Ranch Project 32
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

XI. LAND USE AND PLANNING
Environmental Issue Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstance
s Involving
New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Physically divide an
established
community?
Less Than
Significant
.

No. The
project would
not divide an
established
community.

None.
b. Cause a significant
environmental impact
due to a conflict with
any land use plan,
policy, or regulation
adopted for the
purpose of avoiding or
mitigating an
environmental effect?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation
.

No. The
project is
consistent
with the
allowable
land use.

2.1.7-a

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts with mitigation on land use and planning. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES

2.1.7-a

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

Copper River Ranch Project 33
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

XII. MINERAL RESOURCES
Environmental Issue Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Result in the loss of
availability of a known
mineral resource that
would be of value to
the region and the
residents of the state?
No
Impact.

No. The
project would
not result in
the loss of
known
mineral
resources.

None.
b. Result in the loss of
availability of a locally
important mineral
resource recovery site
delineated on a local
general plan, specific
plan or other land use
plan?
No
Impact.

No. The
project would
not result in
the loss of
known
mineral
resources.

None.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have no impact on mineral resources. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, there remains no impact.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
None.

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

Copper River Ranch Project 34
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

XIII. NOISE
Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes Involve
New Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Generation of a
substantial temporary
or permanent increase
in the ambient noise
levels in vicinity of the
project in excess of
standards established
in the local general
plan or noise
ordinance, or
applicable standards of
other agencies?
Significant
and
Unavoidable.

No. The project
would not
expose persons
to or generate
noise levels in
excess of
standards
established by
applicable local,
regional or
national
regulations.

NOI – 1

2.6.2-a

2.6.3-a

2.6.4-a
b. Generation of
excessive groundborne
vibration or
groundborne noise
levels?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The project
would not
expose persons
to excessive
groundborne
vibration.

None.
c. For a project located
within a private
airstrip or airport land
use plan or, where
such a plan has not
been adopted, within
two miles of a public
airport or public use
airport, would the
project expose people
residing or working in
the project area to
excessive noise levels?
No Impact. No. The project
is not within the
established
airport noise
contour.

No. The project
is not within the
established
airport noise
contour.

None.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have a significant and unavoidable impact on noise. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains significant and unavoidable.

Copper River Ranch Project 35
Addendum
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
NOI – 1, 2.6.2-a, 2.6.3-a, 2.6.4-a

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

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XIV. POPULATION AND HOUSING
Environmental Issue Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes Involve
New Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Induce substantial
population growth in
an area, either directly
(for example, by
proposing new homes
and businesses) or
indirectly (for example,
through extension of
roads or other
infrastructure)?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The project
would not
induce
substantial
growth in the
project area.

None.
b. Displace substantial
numbers of existing
housing, necessitating
the construction of
replacement housing
elsewhere?
No
Impact.

No. The project
will not displace
existing housing.

None.

RESPONSES
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts on population and housing. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
None.

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

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XV. PUBLIC SERVICES
Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes Involve
New Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Would the project
result in substantial
adverse physical
impacts associated with
the provision of new or
physically altered
governmental facilities,
need for new or
physically altered
governmental facilities,
the construction of
which could cause
significant
environmental impacts,
in order to maintain
acceptable service
ratios, response times
or other performance
objectives for any of the
public services:

Fire protection?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not result
in a need for
new or
expanded fire
protection
facilities.

No. The project
would not
result in a need
for new or
expanded fire
protection
facilities.

PUB - 1

2.10.1-a

2.10.2-a

2.10.2-b

2.10.2-c
Police protection?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not result
in a need for
new or
expanded police
protection
facilities.

No. The project
would not
result in a need
for new or
expanded
police
protection
facilities.

PUB – 1

2.10.1-a

2.10.1-b

2.10.1-c

2.10.1-d
Schools?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not result
in a need for
new or
No. The project
would not result
in a need for
new or
No. The project
would not
result in a need
for new or
PUB - 1
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expanded school
facilities.
expanded school
facilities.
expanded
school facilities.

Parks?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not result
in a need for
new or
expanded park
facilities.

No. The project
would not
result in a need
for new or
expanded park
facilities.

PUB – 1
REC - 1
Other public
facilities?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not result
in a need for
new or
expanded other
facilities.

No. The project
would not
result in a need
for new or
expanded other
facilities.

2.10.9-a

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts with mitigation on public services. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
PUB – 1, 2.10.1-a, 2.10.1-b, 2.10.1-c, 2.10.1-d, 2.10.2-a, 2.10.2-b, 2.10.2-c, 2.10.9-a, REC – 1

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

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XVI. RECREATION
Environmental Issue Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Would the project
increase the use of
existing neighborhood
and regional parks or
other recreational
facilities such that
substantial physical
deterioration of the
facility would occur or
be accelerated?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The
project
would not
result in the
deterioration
of an
existing
park.

No. The
project would
not result in
the
deterioration
of an existing
park.

REC – 1

2.10.5-b
b. Does the project
include recreational
facilities or require the
construction or
expansion of
recreational facilities
which might have an
adverse physical effect
on the environment?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The
project
would not
result in a
need for
new or
expanded
park
facilities.

No. The
project would
not result in a
need for new
or expanded
park facilities.

REC – 1

2.10.5-b

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts with mitigation on recreation. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
REC – 1, 2.10.5-b

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

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XVII. TRANSPORTATION/TRAFFIC
Environmental Issue Area Certified EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Conflict with an
applicable plan,
ordinance or policy
addressing the
circulation system,
including transit,
roadway, bicycle and
pedestrian facilities?
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not
conflict with an
applicable plan,
ordinance or
policy
regarding the
circulation
system.

TRA – 1
TRA – 2

2.2.1-a

2.2.1-c
b. Conflict or be
inconsistent with
CEQA Guidelines
section 15064.3,
subdivision (b)?
Less Than
Significant with
Mitigation.

No. The project
would not
conflict with
CEQA
Guidelines
section 15064.3,
subdivision (b).

TRA – 3
c. Substantially increase
hazards due to a
design feature (e.g.,
sharp curves or
dangerous
intersections) or
incompatible uses
(e.g., farm
equipment)?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The project
would not
increase
hazards due to
a design
feature.

None.
d. Result in inadequate
emergency access?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The project
would not
result in
inadequate
emergency
access.

None.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have a less than significant impact with mitigation on transportation. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase Copper River Ranch Project 41
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in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant with mitigation.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
TRA – 1, TRA – 2, TRA - 3

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

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XVIII. TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES
Environmental Issue Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Would the project
cause a substantial
adverse change in the
significance of a tribal
cultural resource,
defined in Public
Resources Code
section 21074 as
either a site, feature,
place, cultural
landscape that is
geographically
defined in terms of
the size and scope of
the landscape, sacred
place, or object with
cultural value to a
California Native
American tribe, and
that is:

Less Than
Significant.

No. There are
no identified
Tribal Cultural
Resources in
the area.

No. There are
no identified
Tribal Cultural
Resources in the
area.

None.
i. Listed or eligible for
listing in the
California Register of
Historical Resources,
or in a local register of
historical resources as
defined in Public
Resources Code
section 5020.1(k), or
Less Than
Significant.

No. There are
no structures or
historical
resources on
the project site.

No. There are
no structures or
historical
resources on the
project site.

None.
ii. A resource determined
by the lead agency, in
its discretion and
supported by
substantial evidence, to
be significant pursuant
to criteria set forth in
subdivision (c) of
Public Resources Code
Section 5024.1. In
applying the criteria set
forth in subdivision (c)
Less Than
Significant.

No. There are
no identified
Tribal Cultural
Resources in
the area.

No. There are
no identified
Tribal Cultural
Resources in the
area.

None.

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of Public Resource
Code Section 5024.1,
the lead agency shall
consider the
significance of the
resource to a California
Native American tribe.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have a less than significant impact on tribal cultural resources. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
None.

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

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XIX. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS
Environmental Issue Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified EIR
Mitigation
Measures
Would the project:
a. Require or result in the
relocation or
construction of new or
expanded water,
wastewater treatment or
storm water drainage,
electric power, natural
gas, or
telecommunications
facilities, the
construction or
relocation of which
could cause significant
environmental effects?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The
project
would not
require the
relocation or
construction
of new or
expanded
utilities.

No. The
project would
not require the
relocation or
construction of
new or
expanded
utilities.

No. The project
would not
require the
relocation or
construction of
new or
expanded
utilities.

The mitigation
measures
throughout this
document are
also applicable
to the on-site
improvements
associated with
installation of
adequate
utilities.
b. Have sufficient water
supplies available to
serve the project and
reasonably foreseeable
future development
during normal, dry and
multiple dry years?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. Impacts
resulting
from the
sewer and
water system
extensions
have been
adequately
analyzed.

No. Impacts
resulting from
the sewer and
water system
extensions
have been
adequately
analyzed.

Yes. The project
would not
substantially
deplete
groundwater
resources or
impair
groundwater
recharge.

However,
Mitigation
Measure HYD –
2B is being
modified to
allow for the
use of
Equivalent
Dwelling Units
for all new
connections to
the City’s water
system, in
addition to the
current option
of paying the
Water Capacity
Fee as specified
HYD – 2A
HYD – 2B

2.8.2-a

2.9.1-a

2.9.1-c

2.9.1-d

2.9.1-e

2.9.2-a

2.9.2-b

2.9.2-c

2.9.3-a

2.9.3-b

2.9.3-c

2.9.4-a

2.9.6-a
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Environmental Issue Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified EIR
Mitigation
Measures
in the City’s
Master Fee
Schedule .
c. Result in a
determination by the
wastewater treatment
provider which serves or
may serve the project
that it has adequate
capacity to serve the
project’s projected
demand in addition to
the provider’s existing
commitments?
Less Than
Significant
with
Mitigation.

No. The
project
would not
require or
result in the
construction
of new storm
water
drainage
facilities or
expansion of
existing
facilities.

No. The
project would
not require or
result in the
construction of
new storm
water
drainage
facilities or
expansion of
existing
facilities.

No. The project
would not
require or result
in the
construction of
new storm
water drainage
facilities or
expansion of
existing
facilities.

2.8.1-a

2.8.1-b

2.8.1-d

2.8.2-b

2.8.2-c

2.8.3-a

2.8.3-b

2.8.4-d

2.8.5-a
d. Generate solid waste in
excess of State or local
standards, or in excess of
the capacity of local
infrastructure, or
otherwise impair the
attainment of solid
waste reduction goals?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The
project
would not
generate
excess solid
waste.

No. The
project would
not generate
excess solid
waste.

No. The project
would not
generate excess
solid waste.

None.
e. Comply with federal,
state, and local
management and
reduction statues and
regulations related to
solid waste?
Less Than
Significant.

No. The
project
would
comply with
applicable
statues and
regulations
related to
solid waste.

No. The
project would
comply with
applicable
statues and
regulations
related to solid
waste.

No. The project
would comply
with applicable
statues and
regulations
related to solid
waste.

None.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have less than significant impacts with mitigation on utilities and service systems. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. However, the City is modifying Mitigation Measure HYD – 2B to allow for Equivalent Dwelling Units to calculate Water Copper River Ranch Project 46
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Capacity Fees, as specified in the City’s Master Fee Schedule. To support this modification, a Water Demand Memorandum was prepared, dated August 31, 2026 (Attachment A). The Memorandum was prepared to summarize the projected water demand for the Project at full build out based on actual meter usage data in 2024 and 2025 from the currently active water connections within the development. The information from the Memorandum is summarized herein.

Table 1 – Demand Per Connection Based on 2024 and 2025 Meter Data (City of Fresno, 2026) Demand Projections
The Memorandum examined the City of Fresno’s Attachment 1 (of Attachment A) – 2024 and 2025 Combined Meter Data to determine an average flow per connection by land use type. The maximum number of connections in a tract were determined by the available development information, and connection assumptions developed for this analysis (Copper River Ranch EDU Count) document. Meter Copper River Ranch Project 47
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data was used for tracts that are constructed, while average values shown in Table 1 were used for undeveloped areas. See Tables 2 and 3. As discussed in the Connections section, there are several tracts, generally planned for urban neighborhood developments, that have not yet been assigned a unit count.

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Summary
Table 4 below summarizes the Demand and Supply calculations for the overall Copper River Ranch Development area, including existing and proposed areas evaluated in the Memorandum.

Mitigation Measure Modification
The City of Fresno is modifying Mitigation Measure HYD – 2B to allow for Equivalent Dwelling Units to calculate Water Capacity Fees, as specified in the City’s Master Fee Schedule. The Mitigation Measure shall be modified as follows (shown in tracked changes):

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There are no other changes to the SEIR analysis or conclusions. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
HYD – 2A, HYD – 2B, 2.8.2-a, 2.9.1-a, 2.9.1-c, 2.9.1-d, 2.9.1-e, 2.9.2-a, 2.9.2-b, 2.9.2-c, 2.9.3-a, 2.9.3-b, 2.9.3-c,

2.9.4-a, 2.9.6-a, 2.8.1-a, 2.8.1-b, 2.8.1-d, 2.8.2-b, 2.8.2-c, 2.8.3-a, 2.8.3-b, 2.8.4-d, 2.8.5-a

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.

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XX. WILDFIRE
Environmental Issue Area
Certified
EIR
Conclusion
Do Proposed
Changes
Involve New
Impacts?
New
Circumstances
Involving New
Impacts?
New
Information
Requiring
Analysis or
Verification?
Certified
EIR
Mitigation
Measures
If located in or near state responsibility
areas or lands classified as very high fire
hazard severity zones, would the project: :
a. Substantially impair
an adopted
emergency response
plan or emergency
evacuation plan?
Less Than
Significant
Impact.

No. The City
has reviewed
the site plan
and has
determined
that there
will be no
impairment
of emergency
plans.

No. The City
has reviewed
the site plan
and has
determined
that there will
be no
impairment of
emergency
plans.

None.
b. Due to slope, prevailing
winds, and other
factors, exacerbate
wildfire risks, and
thereby expose project
occupants to, pollutant
concentrations from a
wildfire or the
uncontrolled spread of
a wildfire?
Less Than
Significant
Impact.

No. The
project
would not
exacerbate
wildfire
risks.

No. The
project would
not exacerbate
wildfire risks.

None.
c. Require the installation
or maintenance of
associated
infrastructure (such as
roads, fuel breaks,
emergency water
sources, power lines or
other utilities) that may
exacerbate fire risk or
that may result in
temporary or ongoing
impacts to the
environment?
Less Than
Significant
Impact.

No. The
project does
not require
installation of
infrastructure
that
exacerbates
wildfire
risks.

No. The
project does
not require
installation of
infrastructure
that
exacerbates
wildfire risks.

None.
d. Expose people or
structures to significant
risks, including
downslope or
downstream flooding
Less Than
Significant
Impact.

No. There are
no
substantial
slopes or
flooding risk
No. There are
no substantial
slopes or
flooding risk
in the area and
No. There are
no substantial
slopes or
flooding risk
in the area and
None.

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or landslides, as a result
of runoff, post-fire
slope instability, or
drainage changes?
in the area
and therefore
there is no
increased
risk due to
post-fire
impacts.
therefore there
is no increased
risk due to
post-fire
impacts.
therefore there
is no increased
risk due to
post-fire
impacts.

DISCUSSION
The previously certified EIR determined that the proposed Project would have a less than significant impact on wildfire. No additional construction or operational activities will occur other than as stated in the certified EIR. There are no changes to the Project that would cause an increase in impacts beyond what was previously analyzed. Therefore, the impact remains less than significant.

FINAL EIR MITIGATION MEASURES
None.

CONCLUSION
The conclusions from the EIR remain unchanged.
455 W. Fir Avenue
Clovis, CA 93611
Tel: (559) 449-2700
Fax: (559) 449-2715
www.provostandpritchard.com
1 Memorandum
To: Gary McDonald and Will Amador, Gary McDonald Homes
From: Stephen Spencer & Cristobal Gallegos, Provost & Pritchard Subject: Full Build-Out Demand Estimate from 2024-25 City Meter Data, Copper River Ranch Development, Fresno California
Date: August 31, 2026
Note: This memorandum has been revised from our revised July 22, 2021, memo based on 2024 and 2025 water meter data received from the City of Fresno on July 16, 2026.

This memorandum has been prepared to summarize the projected water demand for the Copper River Ranch (CRR) Development at full build out based on actual meter usage data in 2024 through 2025 from the currently active water connections within the development. The City of Fresno provided the 2024 and 2025 water meter usage data for the constructed lots within the CRR Development area (see Attachment 1 – 2024 and 2025 Combined Meter Data ). The meter data included most residential tracts within the CRR Development area (see Figure 1). Meter connections, average day, and maximum day demand for the 41 mixed use tracts included in the City data aided in the demand calculation process.

Connections
The meter data provided by the City of Fresno represents only connections to lots that are currently developed and occupied. For undeveloped lots that lack meter connection data, the Exhibit 1 – Copper River Ranch Exhibit Map1 and
Copper River Ranch Equivalent Dwelling Unit (EDU) Count document2 and available planning and development information were referenced to estimate the number of connections at full build-out. For projects under entitlement review, the number of estimated connections are based on planning submittals and may change during design development. For projects under permit review or under construction, the number of estimated connections are subject to change based on final approved plans and as-built field conditions. In some cases, planned unit counts for tracts in the pre-planning stages are not known. The number of connections listed are domestic meters only. Where tracts have irrigation demand (e.g., for irrigation of medians, etc.), that demand is spread across each connection in the tract to estimate the full tract’s water demand.

Demand
The average day demand for each water meter was calculated by dividing the total volume of water used by the number of days the meter was on-line (generally 365 days for a full year’s operation). In contrast, the maximum day demand serves as an extreme condition occurring once a year when total water demand across the development is the highest 1 Copper River Ranch Exhibit Map (City of Fresno, April 2026) provided by the City of Fresno. 2 Copper River Ranch EDU Count (City of Fresno, June 2026) provided by the City of Fresno.

Attachment A
2 for the year. In 2024 and 2025, that day occurred on August 24 and August 9, respectively per City staff. The arithmetic mean of the average and maximum day flow per connection can be found in the table below. Detailed demand calculations are included in Attachment 1.

Table 1. Demand Per Connection based on 2024 and 2025 Meter Data (City of Fresno, 2026) Average Flow Per Connection
Land Use Designation
Average Day
Flow/Connection
(AVG)
Max Day
Flow/Connection
(AVG)
Single Family Residential, SFR 0.24 gpm 0.42 gpm
Multi-Family Residential, MFR 0.02 gpm 0.04 gpm
Commercial 0.77 gpm 1.51 gpm
Open Space, OS 0.44 gpm 0.90 gpm
Each tract in the SFR, MFR, and Commercial land-use subcategories were calculated separately due to the differences in dwelling unit densities. In order to produce data that was most representative, it was necessary to remove tracts that were less than 50% built out from the typical flow-per-connection calculation presented in Table 1. When calculating total demand for the CRR Development, actual demand by tract was used for tracts that were at least 50% built out.

For partially developed tracts less than 50% built out, demand was estimated using the average per-connection calculation from Table 1. This approach was applied to the MFR tracts Alicante Apartment Site and Copper River Apartment Site, which reported 0 flow in both 2024 and 2025, see Attachement 1.

Demand Projections
Provost & Pritchard examined the City of Fresno’s Attachment 1 – 2024 and 2025 Combined Meter Data to determine an average flow per connection by land use type. The maximum number of connections in a tract were determined by the available development information, and connection assumptions developed for this analysis (Copper River Ranch EDU Count) document. Meter data was used for tracts that are constructed, while average values shown in Table 1 were used for undeveloped areas. As discussed in the Connections section, there are several tracts, generally planned for urban neighborhood developments, that have not yet been assigned a unit count. In these cases, projected connection counts were estimated based on available planning information and the assumptions documented in Copper River Ranch EDU Count – DPU – July 10, 2026 (Attachment 3)3 . The projected demand for the CRR
Development was determined by multiplying the flow per connection by the projected, or existing, connections depending on the status of construction. The final result is shown on Table 2 for the entire CRR Development. The Peak Hour demand is calculated by multiplying the Maximum Day Demand by a peaking factor of 1.534 .

Table 3 further breaks down the demand calculations for the CRR development area by land use designation. 3 Provided by Gary McDonald Homes for this analysis
4 Peaking factor provided by City Staff
3 Table 2. Total Demand Calculation

CCR
Development
Average Day, GPM 837
Max Day, GPM 1,497
Peak Hour, GPM 2,291
Table 3. Total Demand by Land Use Type
Land Use Designation Projected Average
Day Demand, gpm
Projected Max Day
Demand, gpm
Projected Peak Hour
Demand, gpm
Single Family Residential, SFR 711 1,245 1,905
Multi-Family Residential, MFR 11 22 34
Commercial 44 87 133
Open Space, OS 70 143 219
Total 837 1,497 2,291
In addition to the water demand summarized above, the CRR Development water demand includes sufficient water to meet firefighting requirements. City staff have indicated that a fire flow demand of 2,500 gallons per minute should be added to the Max Day Demand to generate a total demand estimate for the CRR Development. Using that value, the Total Water Demand for the CRR development is:

Total Demand at Full Buildout = MDD + Fire Flow
= 1,497 gpm + 2,500 gpm = 3,997 gpm
4 Available Water Supply
As previously reported, the CRR Development has constructed or funded water supplies to meet existing and projected water demands within the CRR Development area (see Table 4)5.

Table 4. Total Water Supplies for CRR
Water
Well/Source
Actual
Maximum
Capacity,
GPM Notes
Well 330 800
Well 369 875
Well 370 1,250 Well 370 has a short term outage but it planned to be back in operation soon.

NESWTP 1,180
Additional supply available to CRR under Water Supply Implementation agreement. 8.5 percent of NESWTP’s then-planned daily output of 20 MPG (i.e. 1.7 MGD).

Total Developed
Well + NEWSTP
Well Supply
4,105
5 Per City of Fresno email from Ahmed Aly dated August 25, 2026. 5 Summary
Table 6 below summarizes the Demand and Supply calculations for the overall CRR Development area, including existing and proposed areas evaluated for this memorandum.

Table 6. Demand and Supply Calculation Summary
CRR Notes
Connections at Full Build-Out 3,575 See Attachment 2 for connections by Tract.

Average Day Demand (GPM) 837 Based on water meter data
Maximum Day Demand (GPM) 1,497 Based on water meter data Peak Hour Demand (GPM) 2,291 Maximum day demand x 1.53 per City Fire Flow (GPM) 2,500 City staff indicated that a fire flow of 2,500 GPM should be applied to the
original development and proposed
development.

Total Demand (MDD+Fire Flow) (GPM) 3,997
Total Water Supply (Constructed+NESWTP) (GPM) 4,105
Excess/Deficit Capacity (GPM/[GPM]) 108
Based on the demand analysis and available water supply information contained in this memorandum, the CRR Development area is projected to have sufficient water supply capacity to serve the entire project area at projected full build-out as of the date of this study.

Golf Course
The Golf Course demand was evaluated separately from the CRR Development demand calculations presented in Table 2 and 3 for consistency with previous studies. Any further analysis of the golf course water demand is outside the scope of this memorandum.

Exhibits and Attachments
Exhibit 1 – Copper River Ranch Exhibit Map
Attachment 1 – 2024 and 2025 Combined Meter Data
Attachment 2 – Projected Demand Calculations
Attachment 3 - Copper River Ranch EDU Count
6 Exhibit 1 – Copper River Ranch Exhibit Map
7 Attachment 1 – 2024 and 2025 Combined Meter Data
Table 2-1 Meter Data, Average Day
8 Table 2-2 Meter Data Maximum Day
9 Attachment 2 – Projected Demand Calculations
Table 3-1 2025 Updated Demand Analysis
10 Attachment 3A – Total Units Calculations
11

Fresno City CouncilOctober 8, 2026

Fresno City Council
October 8, 2026