CC_01302024_Public_Comments_9a — Glendale City Council, January 30, 2024

You don't often get email from [email protected]. Learn why this is important From: Abajian, Suzie
To: Brotman, Daniel; Asatryan, Elen; Devine, Paula; Najarian, Ara; Kassakhian, Ardashes Cc: Golanian, Roubik; Garcia, Michael; Takhtalian, John; Calvert, Bradley; Cortes, Karen Subject: FW: Letter Supporting Appeal of 1900 Riverside Drive Item 9 City Council Meeting Date: Tuesday, January 30, 2024 4:03:41 PM
Attachments: image001.png
Glendale City Council Letter 1-30-24.docx
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From: Hunt C. Braly <[email protected]>
Sent: Tuesday, January 30, 2024 3:53 PM
To: Abajian, Suzie <[email protected]>
Cc: Ezzati, Vista <[email protected]>
Subject: Letter Supporting Appeal of 1900 Riverside Drive Item 9 City Council Meeting

CAUTION: This email was delivered from the Internet. Do not click links, open attachments, or reply if you are unsure as to the sender.

Dear Ms. Sabajian,

Please provide a copy of the attached letter to members of the City Council at this evening’s meeting. I will bring hard copies as well.

Best regards,

Hunt

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Writer’s email: [email protected]

January 30, 2024

VIA EMAIL
[email protected]
[email protected]
Mayor Daniel Brotman,
City of Glendale
613 E. Broadway
Glendale, CA 91206

Re: Legal Action Network
City Council Appeal Hearing January 30, 2024, 1900 Riverside Drive Item 9 PDR 000210-2022
PS File No.: 1005-2300

Dear Mayor Brotman and Members of the City Council,

This firm has been retained by Legal Action Network LLC (LAN) which is an organization of community members, equestrians, business and equestrian business owners, residents, organizations, and other stakeholders that represent the urban horse communities of Los Angeles (Los Angeles Equestrian Center), Burbank, and Glendale, California. The Riverside Rancho in the City of Glendale and the Rancho Equestrian District in Burbank are part of only three urban horse communities in the United States. All three connect to Griffith Park in Los Angeles.

We submitted a letter to your Design Review Board (DRB) at its August 10, 2023, meeting opposing this project and requesting a continuance. The DRB approved the project, and we subsequently appealed the DRB’s decision to the City Council on August 24, 2023.

Let me first state that one of the points raised in our appeal stated that Allen Avenue was going to be vacated. While that had been initially proposed, we now understand that Allen will remain public, and that equestrians will continue to use it to access the Allen bridge to the Los Angeles Equestrian Center and other equestrian trails. We apologize for any misunderstanding this created.

Our appeal is based on several issues. The first is that vacating the easement on the Alley in the back of the property could have impacts on public safety which have not been analyzed.

The analysis from the Fire Department (page 283 of the Staff Report) requires that fire department access be provided and the DRB decision does not specify how that will occur if the Alley is vacated. How will fire trucks be able to access the southern part of the property? In addition, vacating the Alley Easement has not yet been scheduled for City Council consideration.

As a result, if you reject our appeal and allow this project to proceed, the applicant could proceed with demolition prior to the Council’s consideration of the vacation of the easement. While the January 30, 2024
City of Glendale City Council

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C:\Users\kcruz\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\INetCache\Content.Outlook\C32CYSN2\Glendale City Council Letter 1-30-24 (002).docx Staff Report states the vacation will be a consent item, the public can still provide testimony regarding whether it should be vacated. No explanation has been provided why these two items are not being considered at the same time by the City Council

We continue to believe that the City and developer have not adequately addressed the conflicts between the continuation of the horse boarding and the proposed additional new kennel use. While the City staff has argued that they are compatible on site with appropriate separation, there has not been adequate discussion or analysis on how the sound from the kennels, and potential escape by dogs, will impact the boarding horses.

In addition to the concern regarding the on-site conflict between boarding horses and the kennel, the City and developer have not addressed the concerns of the impacts of the kennel being located adjacent to Allen Avenue. While the City prepared an internal memorandum (page 549 of the Agenda) it only focuses on the ability of the City to revoke the permit if the impacts from the kennels on the equestrian trail on Allen Avenue become a nuisance. This would be after the project is built and after negative equestrian impacts occur. The City Council should insist that the staff more completely review the potential impact of the kennel on the adjacent equestrian uses and determine if these impacts can be mitigated.

We urge the City Council to also review the following issues as it considers our appeal of this project.

-There is no identified storage for horse feed and hay. If it is not provided, then fresh hay must be delivered every day.
-There is no provision on how manure will be handled. There must be a requirement that it is removed daily or there needs to be an identified area on site to deal with the manure. -There is no identified storage for horse stall shavings to ensure the proper drainage for the horse stalls.
-To meet the parking requirement for the project parking has been placed in the rear (south) of the project where the existing Alley easement is located. If the easement is not vacated by the City Council then there will be insufficient parking. In addition, the location of the parking in this location will result in two-way traffic on Allen Avenue which will create serious conflict with the equestrians riding to the Allen Bridge. -The applicant and some supporters have claimed that this property can no longer be solely a horse facility and needs the dog kennel to make it financially viable. No data has been provided to support this argument and the fact is it was operating at full capacity until the new property owner ordered the horses to be vacated. While the addition of dog kennels may make the project more profitable, that should not be a basis for the Council’s approval.

January 30, 2024
City of Glendale City Council

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C:\Users\kcruz\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\INetCache\Content.Outlook\C32CYSN2\Glendale City Council Letter 1-30-24 (002).docx For all of the reasons stated in this letter, LAN requests that the City Council affirm our appeal and reverse the approval of the Design Review Board.

Thank you for your consideration of our request.

Very truly yours,

Hunt C. Braly
cc: Clients
From: Abajian, Suzie
To: Cortes, Karen
Subject: FW: PDR-000210-2022 REVERSE DRB APPROVAL AND DENY THE PROJECT 1900 RIV DR Date: Monday, January 29, 2024 5:19:17 PM
Attachments: WhitePaper_DogsAndHorses_PHBS_2021_WEB.pdf Kennel Code Email Convo.pdf
KENNEL_EMAIL CONVOS.pdf
Expense_Revenue_SilverSpurStables_EEC2021.pdf
Expense_Revenue_SilverSpurStables_EEC_December2019.pdf
Meetings9925Agenda_2024012615350185.pdf
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From: Ezzati, Vista <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, January 29, 2024 2:46 PM
To: Abajian, Suzie <[email protected]>; Garcia, Michael <[email protected]>; Golanian, Roubik <[email protected]>; Takhtalian, John <[email protected]> Subject: FW: PDR-000210-2022 REVERSE DRB APPROVAL AND DENY THE PROJECT 1900 RIV DR

Please see the email below and the attachments.

From: Kiesel, Roger <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, January 29, 2024 2:32 PM
To: Ezzati, Vista <[email protected]>
Subject: FW: PDR-000210-2022 REVERSE DRB APPROVAL AND DENY THE PROJECT 1900 RIV DR

From: Save GlendaleRiversideRancho <[email protected] >
Sent: Monday, January 29, 2024 12:33 AM
To: Gavin Quinton <[email protected]>; [email protected] Subject: PDR-000210-2022 REVERSE DRB APPROVAL AND DENY THE PROJECT 1900 RIV DR

CAUTION: This email was delivered from the Internet. Do not click links, open attachments, or reply if you are unsure as to the sender.

To protect the "horse" community (Glendale Riverside Rancho, Burbank Equestrian District, and the Los Angeles Equestrian Center), please attend Glendale City Council meeting on Tuesday, January 30th at 6:00 pm to ask City Council to "Reverse the Design Review Board approval and deny the project at 1900 Riverside Drive (PDR-00210-2022).

WHY?
This horse facility is the oldest in the City of Glendale, but also is a large horse facility with 78 stalls and an arena, if it is demolished will also be the beginning of the loss of the horse community. The proposed demolition will not only destroy history but with only 16 proposed horse stalls is not sufficient to host a cost-effective horse facility, not to mention there are not sufficient equestrian facilities built into the new plan to accommodate horse activities.

1. City of Glendale action to support the Health and Safety Code of the Equine Equestrian Zone A White Paper that was provided to Glendale City Council has been received and hopefully will be honored since the Rancho had voted them into office. The White Paper, attached, provides evidence (that was asked by Paula Devine and Dan Brotman - see attached email conversations) regarding the dangers of public dog kennels in Riverside Rancho, which also affects the Los Angeles Equestrian Center and Burbank Rancho. Council member Ardy Kassakhian has also been a Rancho supporter.

The White Paper also includes petitions from over 500 equestrians, equine business owners, horse boarders, and horse rental clients on the danger of dog kennels. The White Paper also cites the Glendale Health and Safety codes that would prevent any use within the Equine Commercial zone that would be a health and safety risk to similar uses (i.e. horses).

2. Design Review Board Appeal and Lawsuit Action
Equestrians filed an appeal to the City of Glendale, City Council as a result of the Design Review Board decision for 1900 Riverside Drive [PAPP-002052-2023]. Equestrians will also have their attorney speak at City Council on behalf of this matter and are prepared to file a lawsuit against the City of Glendale if the City Council makes a
"Motion to sustain the Design Review Board’s decision to approve the Design Review Application with conditions"
denies the appeal and moves forward with the project located at 1900 Riverside Drive.

3. Historical, Equestrian Property Business Revenue, Flood Control, and California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

An additional problem regarding demolition is that the City of Glendale also has the said property flagged as historical as it qualified as historical (the property at 1900 Riverside Drive is the oldest operating horse barn in the city of Glendale that was built as a Pole Barn in the 1930s. It has hosted numerous fil horses, actors, and film and music production on site. It was fully operational with 78 horses filling each of its stalls, until the new owner purchased the property and asked horse boarders to vacate the property). An investment and business plan was prepared to show the property at the time of purchase profited over $830,000.00 annually (see attachment). Furthermore, despite historical evidence, the City of Glendale City Council removed the CEQA review, in addition to historical, without sufficient evidence, which seemed to degrade the Glendale Historical Society and historians. Los Angeles City flood control easement vacate is also a concern.

Email [[email protected], [email protected], [email protected], AKa [email protected], [email protected]] AND call [818-937-8100] the Glendale City Council, AND come to speak on Tuesday, January 30th at 6:00 pm, located at 613 E.

Broadway Avenue, 2nd Floor, Glendale, California. You can cut and past this email to send if you choose.

AGENDA ITEM:

9. HEARINGS a. Community Development, re: Appeal of the Design Review Board (DRB) approval of Design Review Case No. PDR-000210-2022 to demolish the existing commercial stable buildings and associated structures (originally developed in 1939) and construct three new buildings with 15 surface parking spaces for a commercial stable and kennel on a 44,682 square-foot (SF) corner lot, located at 1900 Riverside Drive in the CE (Commercial Equestrian Services) Zone 1.

Motion to sustain the Design Review Board’s decision to approve the Design Review Application with conditions

2. Motion to continue the matter, directing the City Attorney to draft findings reversing the Design Review Board’s decision and denying the Project
Prepared by James DeCarli, Public Health Behavior Solutions/Equine Empowerment Center Dec. 2019 Silver Spur Stables 1900 Riverside Drive, Glendale, CA

EXPENSES & REVENUE ESTIMATION
To Rene, the following expense and revenue estimation was developed, when I was interested in purchasing Silver Spur Stables. I have been a client and part of the programs at the stable so I am familiar with the children’s camps, and Operation Progress with the Los Angeles Police Department at Silver Spur Stables. This utilizes the entire 78 stall facility. Because this is a very small property of less than an acre, and because of its age, the parking and facility is grandfathered in. So, as long as only basic upgrades are made (not structural), this means that there is no need for additional parking and upgrades. So, things like new roofing, facia boards and painting.

Because this is an old barn, it can be marketed this way and will attract users because of its history, which is what my plans were. I had also had plans to put a commercial kitchen in where the current barn kitchen and living room is, then remodel the arena and put an outdoor exposed cover for use during hot days. I put this together originally, to submit to obtain financing , since I had recently purchased a 43-acre property I will be using for my horse program and facility (to be built) in Agoura Hills. I have estimated these based on my knowledge of the costs of these programs. I would recommend doing your own analysis as well, but I think these can present some great ideas for you. Jim DeCarli

OVERVIEW

EXPENSES
Monthly Annual
Insurance $1,000.00 $12,000.00
Payroll (2 full-time) $4,400.00 $52,800.00
Electricity $350.00 $4,200.00
Gas $33.83 $405.00
Water & Sewer $599.37 $7,200.00
Trash Disposal $5,181.17 $62,174.04
Horse Feed $3,488.38 $41,860.56
Horse Shavings $1,527.23 $18,326.76
Total $16,579.98 $198,966.36
EXPENSES AND CURRENT INCOME Annual
Expenses -$198,966.36
Boarding $478,500.00
Camps $242,000.00
Lessons $22,800.00
OP/Equine-Assisted Program $40,000.00
Sub-Total (Current income) $783,300.00

PROPOSED INCOME
Police/Probation - Public/Private $45,000.00
Parks/Recreation & After-School $30,000.00
Sunset Rides & BBQ $171,000.00
Sub-Total (Proposed Income) $246,000.00

Total Income $1,029,300.00
Total Profit $830,333.64
Prepared by James DeCarli, Public Health Behavior Solutions/Equine Empowerment Center Dec. 2019

REVENUE - BOARDING

______________________________________________
(1) Consider using for one barn manager or other full-time staff (maybe include salary) (2) Boarding: 75 x $475. Based on fully capacity (not including program/school horses) . Once facility is painted and cleaned up, easily monthly rates can be between $500 to $525 per stall or more. The 4 neighboring stables that board horses along Riverside Drive have rates that begin at $550 and above. The one stable in the Burbank Rancho is also over $550. The Los Angeles Equestrian Center, a public facility, is $700 and above. (3) Storage lockers: 15 x $100
(4) Closets: 6 x $125

Monthly Annual
1-br Home1 $2,000.00 $24,000.00
Boarding2 $35,625.00 $427,500.00
Storage locker3 $1,500.00 $18,000.00
Closets4 $750.00 $9,000.00
Total $39,875.00 $478,500.00
Prepared by James DeCarli, Public Health Behavior Solutions/Equine Empowerment Center Dec. 2019

REVENUE – HORSE CAMPS
Horse Camp Revenue*

______________________________________________
(1) Summer: 20-25 campers each week-Est 20/week. $500/camper/week @ 10 weeks. This is based on 1 child at camp for a 1 -week camp session. However, in most cases over 50% of campers return for 2 to 6 weeks. The number of campers per day for the week is between 20 to 25 of more at $500 per camper per week.
(2) Fall: 20-25 campers/week-Est 20/week. $500/camper/week @ 1 week (Thanksgiving break) (3) Winter: 20-25 campers each week-Est 20/week. $500/camper/week @ 4 weeks (4) 20-25 campers each week-Est 20/week. $500/camper/week @ 2 weeks (5) Day: Day camps are scheduled between September through June when most schools are in session. These are on Saturdays when Operation Progress is not in session and alternates on Sundays. 20-25 campers each day-Est 20/day. $100/camper/day @ 36 days annually *Children’s horse camps at $500 per camper per week is common among neighboring stables in the Riverside Rancho and at the Los Angeles Equestrian Center. Other cities further out in the rural communities 45-minute drive or more at $375 per camper per week. *To keep campers involved in Silver Spur Stables, to return throughout the year and for lessons, etc., campers are invited to an annual end of year campout on the arena in late August before school begins. Parents are invited with their children. They bring their own tent for in the arena and the barn managers hosts the campfire on the arena. It also includes a barbeque at the barn by the stone creek, with music and award ribbons given to each camper and recognizing volunteer teaching staff. Part of th is event includes a night right into Griffith Park. There is LA Horse Rentals at the next -door stable, which are used to provide the additional horses needed. Other horse rentals, Griffith Park Horse Rentals in the Riverside Rancho and Mariposa Horse Rentals at the Burbank Rancho , blocks away, all on the same trail to Griffith Park.

Weekly Annual
Camp (summer)1 $10,000.00 $100,000.00
Camp (fall)2 $10,000.00 $10,000.00
Camp (winter)3 $10,000.00 $40,000.00
Camp (spring)4 $10,000.00 $20,000.00
Camp (day)5 $2000.00 $72,000.00
Total $42,000.00 $242,000.00
Prepared by James DeCarli, Public Health Behavior Solutions/Equine Empowerment Center Dec. 2019

REVENUE – LESSONS
Lessons vary throughout the year and occur between camps, other programs such as Operation Progress, and also being sensitive to boarders to ensure they have time to exercise their horses (if not on the trail) usually done in the evenings after programs. Lesson fees range between $65 to $100, or more, per 30 to 45 minutes, depending on the level, type of lesson, or training, etc. this would generate $22,800 in revenue. These prices are common within neighboring stables in the Riverside Rancho.

REVENUE – EQUINE-ASSISTED ACTIVITY (OPERATION PROGRESS-LAPD) Specialized equine-assisted activity and equine-assisted therapy programs horse programs, such as with Operation Progress through the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) is an at-risk young camp. These occur usually every other Saturday from September through June. Hours are between noon to 4pm, that includes riding and a barbeque where the children and teens family are included. An annual awards barbeque is also provided at the end of the school -year in June. The current contract is about $40,000.00 annually. This is annual amount is very low, as it is more likely to more than double that amount. While this is part of LAPD, there are other neighboring law enforcement agencies that the facility could provide similar programs (see “proposed programs).

PROPOSED ADDITIONAL PROGRAMS

REVENUE – EQUINE-ASSISTED ACTIVITY PUBLIC/PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

Law Enforcement/Probation: An additional program, similar to Operation Progress of LAPD, is an opportunity to establish a similar program with the City of Glendale, Police Department has the STAR program . This is a prevention and probation program. Currently, the STAR program does not include a horse program component, but they are interested in such opportunities, as these are shown to have a strong evidenced -base. These can be done on weekends, but also during the week or with the probation program could be done after -school since these are for youth. Therefore, both programs could operate concurrently throughout the year at different times. The neighboring City of Burbank is another city where similar law enforcement programs could be established. These are contracts, such as with probation, would include ages 17 and younger, usually about 25 participants. These can be done in a single day or multi-week. These would be subsidized by the city that can range from $100 per participant.

These are generally provided over a 6 -week p eriod. This would result in total revenue of $2,500.00 per class. Resulting in $15,000.00 in revenue from one entire 6 -week class.

Depending on court referrals the number of these throughout the year is possible.

Prepared by James DeCarli, Public Health Behavior Solutions/Equine Empowerment Center Dec. 2019

Parks & Recreation and After-School Programs: Discussions with the Glendale City Council and parks and recreation has resulted in interest of equine -assisted activity and therapy programs. These would be a public-private partnership between the city and Silver Spur Stables, similarly of that with probation and law enforcement. These could include city-sponsored after- school programs offered through the city department of parks and recreation. There is also a similar program directly with the parks and recreation department a s well. These are often operated within a similar price range at $100 per student per class. This would generally include 25 to 30 participants. Revenue would result in $2,500.00 per class. Resulting in $15,000.00 of revenue for a single semester or season . Classes can be contracted by school semester, or seasonal with parks and recreation as individual group classes. Similarly, similar opportunities exist in the neighboring city of Burbank.

However, that no longer exists, giving Silver Spur Stables the opportunity to reach into local tourism and family even activities. Because this would include additional horses, if the school- horses have been used and need a break, then coordination and marketing with LA Horse Rentals provides simple solution. Adding a local guitarist to play music by the fire while having dinner after the ride is another attraction. This would also provide for additional marketing for Siler Spur Stables, including potential boarders, those desiring riding lessons, or having their child participate in the riding camps. Prices are generally $150 per person, wi th a total of 20 participants, resulting in $3,000.00 for a one-day ride and barbeque. Resulting in an annual of $171,000.00 in revenue. There is a possibility of having Friday, Saturday and Sunday evenings as well.

Riverside Rancho Community Horse Even ts & Business Network:

SaveGlendaleRiversideRancho.com since its beginning in 2018, has established the Riverside Rancho Business Network to help improve local horse businesses in the Riverside Rancho. Part of this effort are the community events during fa ll and winter at Bette Davis Park. This gives the opportunity of stables to participate in the horse parade on Riverside Drive that ends at the festival at the park. During the festival stables have tables and can participate to help market their barn, facility and services. Rene, this is what I was referring to, when we were talking, of having property owners working together with the business n etwork to help improve rev enue and marketing.

Prepared by James DeCarli, Public Health Behavior Solutions/Equine Empowerment Center July 2021 Silver Spur Stables

EXPENSES & REVENUE ESTIMATION

The following expense and revenue estimation was developed , as I was interested in purchasing Silver Spur Stables. I have been a client and part of the programs at the stable so I am familiar with the children’s camps, and Operation Progress with the Los Angeles Police Department at Silver Spur Stables. I put this together originally, to submit to obtain financing. However , I was unable to come up with enough down for financing. The only information that the previous o wner provided when it was for sale was the expenses below. I have estimated these based on my knowledge of their website on the costs of these programs.

OVERVIEW

EXPENSES AND CURRENT INCOME Annual
Expenses -$198,966.36
Boarding $478,500.00
Camps $242,000.00
Lessons $22,800.00
OP/Equine-Assisted Program $40,000.00
Sub-Total (Current income) $783,300.00

PROPOSED INCOME
Police/Probation - Public/Private $45,000.00
Parks/Recreation & After-School $30,000.00
Sunset Rides & BBQ $171,000.00
Sub-Total (Proposed Income) $246,000.00

Total Income $1,029,300.00
Total Profit $830,333.64
Prepared by James DeCarli, Public Health Behavior Solutions/Equine Empowerment Center July 2021

REVENUE - BOARDING

______________________________________________
(1) Consider using for one barn manager or other full-time staff (maybe include salary) (2) Boarding: 75 x $475 . Based on fully capacity (not including program/school horses) . Once facility is painted and cleaned up, easily monthly rat es can be between $500 to $525 per stall or more. The 4 neighboring st ables that board horses along Riverside Drive have rates that begin at $550 and above. The one stable in the Burbank R ancho is also over $550. The Los Angeles Equestrian Center, a public facility, is $700 and above. (3) Storage lockers: 15 x $100
(4) Closets: 6 x $125

REVENUE – HORSE CAMPS
Horse Camp Revenue*

______________________________________________
(1) Summer: 20-25 campers each week-Est 20/week. $500/camper/week @ 10 weeks. This is based on 1 child at camp for a 1 -week camp session. However, in most cases over 50% of campers return for 2 to 6 weeks. The number of campers per day for the week is between 20 to 25 of more at $500 per camper per week.
(2) Fall: 20-25 campers/week-Est 20/week. $500/camper/week @ 1 week (Thanksgiving break) (3) Winter: 20-25 campers each week-Est 20/week. $500/camper/week @ 4 weeks (4) 20-25 campers each week-Est 20week. $500/camper/week @ 2 weeks (5) Day: Day camps are scheduled between September through June when most schools are in session. These are on Saturdays when Operation Progress is not in session and alternates on Sundays. 20-25 campers each day-Est 20/day. $100/camper/day @ 36 days annually *Children’s horse camps at $500 per camper per week is common among neighboring stables in the Riverside Rancho and at the Los Angeles Equestrian Center. Other cities further out in the rural communities 45-minute drive or more at $375 per camper per week. *To keep campers involved in Silver Spur Stables, to return throughout the year and for lessons, etc., campers are invited to an annual end of year campout on the arena in late August before school begins. Parents are invited with their children . They bring their own tent for in the arena and the barn managers hosts the campfire on the arena. It also includes a barbeque at the barn by the stone creek, with music and award ri bbons given to each camper and recognizing volunteer teaching staff. Part of this event includes a night right into Griffith Park. There is LA Horse Rentals at the next-door stable, which are used to provide the additional horses needed. Other horse rentals, Griffith Park Horse Rentals in the Riverside Rancho and Mariposa Horse Rentals at the Burbank Rancho , blocks away, all on the same trail to Griffith Park.

REVENUE – EQUINE-ASSISTED ACTIVITY (OPERATION PROGRESS-LAPD) Specialized equine-assisted activity and equine-assisted therapy programs horse programs, such as with Operation Prog ress through the Los Ang eles Police Department (LAPD) is an at-risk young camp. These occur usually every other Saturday from S eptember through June. Hou rs are between noon to 4pm, that incl udes riding and a barbeque where the children and teens family are included. An annual awards barbeque is also provided at the end of the school-year in June. The current contract is about $40,000.00 annually. While this is part of LAPD, there are other neighboring law enforcement agencies that the facility could provide similar programs (see “proposed programs).

PROPOSED ADDITIONAL PROGRAMS

REVENUE – EQUINE-ASSISTED ACTIVITY PUBLIC/PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

Law Enforcement/Probation: An additional program, similar to Operation Progress of LAPD, is an opportunity to establish a similar program with the City of Glendale, Police Department has the STAR program . This is a prevention and probation program . Currently, the STAR program does not inclu de a horse program component, but they are are interested in such opportunities, as these are shown to have a strong e videnced-base. These can be done on weekends, but also during the week or with the probation program could be done after -school since these are for youth. Therefore, both programs could operate concurrently throughout the year at different times. The neighboring City of B urbank is another city where simila r law enforcement programs could be established. These are contracts, such as with probation, would include ages 17 and younger, usually about 25 participants. These can be done in a single day or multi-week. These would be subsidized by the city that can range from $100 per participant.

These are generally provided over a 6 -week per iod. This would result in total revenue of $2,500.00 per class . Resulting in $15,000.00 in revenue from one entire 6-week class.

Depending on court referrals the number of these throughout the year is possible.

Prepared by James DeCarli, Public Health Behavior Solutions/Equine Empowerment Center July 2021

Parks & Recreation and After-School Programs: Discussions with the Glendale City Co uncil and parks and recreation has resulted in interest of equine-assisted activity and therapy programs. These would be a public-private partnership between the city and Silver Spur Stables, similarly of that with probation and law enforcement. These could include city-sponsored after- school programs offered through the city department of parks and recreation. There is also a similar program directly with the parks and recreation department as well. These are often operated within a similar price range at $100 per student per class. This would generally include 25 to 30 participants. Revenue would result in $2,500.00 per class. Resulting in $15,000.00 of revenue for a single semester o r season. Classes can be contracted by school semester, or seasonal with parks and recreation as individual group classes. Similarly, similar opportunities exist in the neighboring city of Burbank.

Sunset Ride To Griffith Park and BBQ at the Barn : Silver Spur Stables provides the perfect setting with its barbeque facility along the stone creek that is adjacent to the public bridle trail, to host a Saturday and Sunday evening sunset ride and barbeque at the stables . There used to be similar rides with Viva’s Cantina where riders would ride to the Hollywood sign and have dinner at Viva’s Cantina on Riverside Drive. However, that no longer exists, giving Silver Spur Stables the opportunity to reach into local t ourism a nd family even activities. Because this would include additional horses, if the school -horses have be en used and need a break, then coordination and marketing with LA Horse R entals provides simple solution. Adding a local guitarist to play music by the fire while having dinner after the ride is another attraction. This would also provide for additional marketing for Siler Spur Stables, including potential boarders, those desiring riding lessons, or having their child participate in the riding camps. Prices are generally $150 per person, with a total of 20 participants , resulting in $3,000.00 for a one-day ride and barbeque. Resulting in an annual of $171,000.00 in revenue. Th ere is a possibility of having Friday, Saturday and Sunday evenings as well.

Riverside Rancho Community Horse Events & Business Network :

SaveGlendaleRiversideRancho.com since its beginning in 2018, has established the Riverside Rancho Business Network to help improve local horse businesses in the Riverside Rancho. Part of this effort are the community events during fall a nd winter at Bette Davis Park. This gives the opportunity of stables to participate in the horse parade on Riverside Drive that ends at the festival at the park. During the festival stables have tables and can participate to help market their barn, facility and services.

Los Angeles 2028 Olympics : Planning for the 2028 Olympics in Los Ang eles is currently underway. When equestrian events are at the Los Ange les Equestrian Center, the Olympi c Committee and organizations need additional stables and facilities for horses, training, etc. This is another revenue source that is significant, including a marketing opportunity for Silver Spur Stables. During this time, the Olympic Committee provides funding to upgrade any facility that will benefit the equestrian community.

Kennel Code – Email conversations

EMAIL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN MAYOR PAULA DEVINE

FROM COMMUNITY MEMBERS

EMAIL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN MAYOR PAULA DEVINE

FROM COMMUNITY MEMBERS

EMAIL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN MAYOR PAULA DEVINE

FROM COMMUNITY MEMBERS

City Council Meeting
Very suspicious. Public Records Act.

Red flag on, then removed, as discussed during public comment at city council nov 16th.

Email dan cc paula and city attorney. Monday City Council, historical indicator was removed for 1900 riv drive apn 5625031008. On November 16, 2021 there is not address coming on with apn at 1900 riv drive.

Entire property info is gone. So no public access as the property is no hidden.

Its suspicious that on nov 18th that on the property portal, 1900 riverside drive, no longer exists.

Denial to access to public access on property portal
ALL PERMIT REQUESTS FOR PROPERTY - Where are the records?

EMAIL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN MAYOR PAULA DEVINE

EMAIL TO COUNCIL MEMBER DAN BROTMAN
NOVEMBER 8, 2021

EMAIL TO MAYOR PAULA DEVINE AND CITY COUNCIL
NOVEMBER 8, 2021

EMAIL RESPONSE FROM COUNCIL MEMBER DAN BROTMAN
NOVEMBER 15, 2021

MY RESPONSE BACK TO COUNCIL MEMBER DAN BROTMAN
NOVEMBER 16, 2021
EMAIL TO CITY ATTORNEY AND CITY CLERK – OCT 15, 2021

NO RESPONSE

EMAIL RESPONSE FROM CEQA REVIEW FROM DIRECTOR
OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NOVEMBER 16, 2021

A G E N D A

GLENDALE CITY COUNCIL

COUNCIL CHAMBERS
613 E. Broadway, 2nd Floor
Glendale, CA 91206
Meetings are broadcast live on Glendale TV, viewable on Spectrum Cable, channel 6, and AT&T U- verse, channel 99. Meetings are also streamed live in high definition (HD) on the City webpage, glendaleca.gov/live, on YouTube.com/myglendale, and on Apple TV, Roku, Amazon Fire, iOS and Android devices using a free app called Cablecast and choosing "Glendale TV" from the menu.

Meetings are also archived on the City Website for viewing anytime at glendaleca.gov/agendas.

Call (818) 548-4013 for program schedules. For public comments and questions during the meeting, call (818) 937-8100. Public comments on a specific agenda item will be taken when that agenda item is discussed. If you have any question about matters on the agenda, or requests for assistance, please contact the City Clerk at (818) 548-2090 during regular business hours.

PLEASE TURN OFF CELLULAR PHONES WHILE INSIDE THE MEETING LOCATION In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990, auxiliary hearing aids, sign language translation, and Braille transcripts are available upon request. Assisted listening devices are available same-day upon request. The City Clerk’ office should be notified 72 hours (three business days) or as soon as practicable for requests regarding sign language translation and Braille transcription services. All documents related to open session items on this agenda that are received less than 72 hours prior to this meeting, and are public records, will be available for review in the Office of the City Clerk, 613 E. Broadway, RM 110, Glendale, CA 91206.

Translation services are provided for meetings through the use of bilingual staff for speakers who wish to utilize the service as available. Speakers should state their request by contacting the City Clerk’s office at (818) 548-2090, at least 72 hours prior to the scheduled meeting or as soon as practicable. Please specify the language for which you require translation. The exclusive use of City provided interpreters is not required and persons are welcome to use their own interpreter or speak in their native language.

JANUARY 30, 2024

ROLL CALL

1. CLOSED SESSION – 1:00 PM ( To Commence at 2:00 PM)
a. Conference with Labor Negotiators. The City-designated negotiators attending the closed session are: Roubik Golanian, John Takhtalian, Michael J. Garcia, Gillian van Muyden, Paula Adams, Aymee Martin, Jason Bradford and Laura Kalty. The name of the employee organization is: Glendale Management Association 1 TYPED 1/25/2024 4:46:40 PM
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b. Conference with Labor Negotiators. The City-designated negotiator attending the closed session is: Mayor Dan Brotman. The unrepresented employee position is:

City Attorney
c. Conference with real property negotiators. City negotiators attending the closed session are: Roubik Golanian, John Takhtalian, Onnig Bulanikian, Bradley Calvert, Mark Berry, Jason Bradford, Michael J. Garcia, and Gillian van Muyden. Instructions to the negotiator(s) will concern the price and terms for the acquisition of property Property Location No. 1: 520 & 534 N. Glendale Avenue
Negotiating Parties: Glendale 3D LLC and MCMB Glendale LLC Property Location No. 2: 115 to 123 W. Wilson Avenue
Negotiating Parties: Lillie S. Makhanian
d. Conference with Legal Counsel - Pending Litigation: Claim of Tonyan, Claim No. 23- 0231
e. Conference with Legal Counsel - Pending Litigation: Claim of Escobar, Claim No. 23-0037
f. Conference with Legal Counsel - Pending Litigation: Claim of State Farm (Whipple), Claim No. 23-0008

2. REGULAR BUSINESS AGENDA – 6:00 PM
Roll Call
a. Flag Salute: Mayor Dan Brotman
b. Invocation: Dr. Suzie Abajian, City Clerk
c. Report of the City Clerk, re: Posting of Agenda. The Agenda for the January 30, 2024 Regular Meeting of the Glendale City Council was Posted on January 25, 2024, on the Bulletin Board Outside City Hall.

3. PRESENTATIONS AND APPOINTMENTS
a. Agenda Preview for the Meetings of Tuesday, February 6, 2024 b. Presentation by the Pasadena Humane Society on Wildlife/Coyote Management Plan

4. CONSENT ITEMS (Including Minutes)
The following are Routine and May be Acted Upon by One Motion. Any Member of Council or the Audience Requesting Separate Consideration May do so by Making Such Request Before Motion is Proposed.
a. City Clerk, re: Minutes of the Regular City Council Meeting of January 23, 2024 b. Public Works, re: Award of a Professional Services Agreement for the Update of the Fleet Electrification Study

1. Motion awarding a Professional Services Agreement to Center for Transportation and the Environment for $102,200 for the Update to the Glendale Fleet Electrification Study

5. CITY COUNCIL/STAFF COMMENTS

6. COMMUNITY EVENT ANNOUNCEMENTS (3-Minutes)
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7. ADOPTION OF ORDINANCES

8. ACTION ITEMS
a.

Community Development, re:

Ordinance Amending Chapter 9.30 (Rental Rights
Program)

1. Ordinance for Introduction Amending Chapter 9.30 of the Glendale Municipal Code, 1995 – Relating to the Rental Rights Program

2. Ordinance Amending the Citywide Fee Resolution and Adding Administration Citation Fine Amounts for Rental Rights Program Violations

3. Motion Directing Staff
b.

Public Works, re:

Introduction of Ordinance for Public and Private Indigenous Tree Protections

1. Ordinance amending portions of Chapter 12.40 and 12.44 of the Glendale Municipal Code to update standards and enforcement mechanisms for public and indigenous tree protection

2. Ordinance amending portions of Titles 16 and 30 of the Glendale Municipal Code regarding tree-related zoning provisions

3. Resolution establishing and modifying administrative citation fines in the Citywide Fee Schedule for enforcement of the public tree and indigenous tree ordinances

4. Resolution of Appropriation for Outreach Services

9. HEARINGS
a.

Community Development, re: Appeal of the Design Review Board (DRB) approval of Design Review Case No. PDR-000210-2022 to demolish the existing commercial stable buildings and associated structures (originally developed in 1939) and construct three new buildings with 15 surface parking spaces for a commercial stable and kennel on a 44,682 square-foot (SF) corner lot, located at 1900 Riverside Drive in the CE (Commercial Equestrian Services) Zone

1. Motion to sustain the Design Review Board’s decision to approve the Design Review Application with conditions

2. Motion to continue the matter, directing the City Attorney to draft findings reversing the Design Review Board’s decision and denying the Project

10. REPORTS - INFORMATION

11. WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS

12. DISCUSSION OF COUNCILMEMBER FUTURE AGENDA REQUESTS
a.

Mayor Brotman’s request to agendize a discussion of options to address the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeal’s decision in
California Restaurant Association v. City of
Berkeley
relative to the City’s Reach Code Requirement that new buildings be constructed as “all-electric” buildings, including options for an “electric preferred” ordinance
b.

Councilmember Kassakhian’s request to agendize a Resolution condemning the ethnic cleansing and genocide of Armenians in Artsakh

13. ORAL COMMUNICATIONS
Discussion is Limited to Items NOT a Part of this Agenda. Each Speaker is Allowed 5 minutes.

3 TYPED 1/25/2024 4:46:40 PM
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Council May Question or Respond to The Speaker But There Will be no Debate or Decision.

The City Manager May Refer the Matter to the Appropriate Department for Investigation and Report.

14. NEW BUSINESS

15. ADJOURNMENT

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WHITE PAPER A CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE INJURY RISKS OF DOG KENNELS IN AN URBAN HORSE COMMUNITY

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A Critical Review on the
Injury Risks of Dog Kennels
in an
Urban Horse Community

A White Paper

September 28, 2021

Community Health and Safety Division
Public Health Behavior Solutions

[email protected]

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Public Health Behav ior Solutions (PHBS) provides state and local agencies, hospitals, organizations, and injury prevention professionals , with multidisciplinary cognitive-based, intergovernmental injury prevention programs and educational services. PHBS is a multidisciplinary cognitive -based research center that applies scientific research from neuroscience, psychology, mental health, and public health education research to develop and validate injury and violence prevention programs, in order to improve the health and safety of communities and promote healthy lifestyles . One initiative of PHBS is “One Health ”, that supports human and animal health. In part, it incorporates animal-assisted interactions, and equine-assisted therapy to its cognitive -based integrated (CBI) progra ms. Further, PHSB, is active in providing dog bite prevention research and a contributing research member of Healthy Pets Healthy Families, a coalition of the Los Angeles County, Veterinary Public Health [www.publichealth.lacounty.gov/vet/HealthyPetsHealthyFamilies.htm].

PublicHealthBehaviorSolutions.com

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Contents

1. Executive Summary 4

2. Background 6

3. Introduction 8

4. Problem: Injury Risks to Humans and Animals from Dogs - Unfamiliar with Horses 10 a. Horse Owners who have their Own Dogs 10
b. Dog Kennels and Dogs who are Unfamiliar with Horses 11

5. Epidemiology and Data Collection of Dog Bites 13 a. Dog Bites and Data Collection 13
b. Dog Bites on Horses and Data Collection 13
c. Data Collection of Dog Bites on Horses for this White Paper 14

6. Case examples of Dog Attacks on Horses and Related Interactions 14 a. Dog-Bites-on Horse Risk Exposure During the COVID-19 Pandemic 14 b. Reaction of Well-Trained Horses During Equestrian Events - 2021 Olympics 15 c. Personal Dog with Personal Horse 15
d. Dogs not Affiliated with the Owner of the Horse 15 e. Case Reviews 17
f. Risks of Dog Attacks on Horses in the Riverside Rancho 19 g. Dog Kennels in the Riverside Rancho Commercial Equestrian (CE) Zone 19

7. Call-To-Action 20

8. Community Support for the Call-To-Action 21

9. Future Direction of the Call-To-Action 21

10. Conclusion 22

Exhibit A: Primary Residential Equestrian Crossings to Access Bridle Trails Adjacent to Commercial Equestrian Zone 24

Exhibit B: Drivers and Bicyclists: Sharing the Road with Horses 26 Exhibit C: Residential Equestrian Horse Trail Access Flow by Region to Commercial Equestrian (CE) Zone 28

Exhibit D: Equestrian Flow from Residential Equestrian Regions to Trails along Commercial Equestrian (CE) Zone 30
Exhibit E: Horse Stable Expense and Income Example 32 Exhibit F: Petition – Residential equestrians 33 Exhibit G: Petition – Equine Businesses, Workers, Trainers, etc. in the CE Zone 37 References 44

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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The equestrian and business community of the Riverside Rancho, and neighboring ranchos, call-to-action, the City of Glendale to modify the existing zoning code language for the Commercial Equestrian (CE) zone, from “Animal Boarding and Kennels” to “Animal Boarding Other Than Dogs” in order to maintain the health and safety of the rancho communities. A number of community town hall meet ings in the Riverside Rancho, including research surveys conducted by the California State Pol ytechnic University, raised common safety concerns of having “kennels” as an allowed use in the CE zone. While many horse owners have dogs, the se dogs have been r aised around horses and properly trained to be compatible around horses. Residential equestrians, animal handlers and workers, and equine-related business owners from the G lendale Riversid e Rancho, Burbank Eq uestrian District, and the Los Angeles Equestria n Center), expressed safety concerns that kennels will bring if allowed within the CE zone in the Riverside Rancho.

A public kennel with in the CE zone , will bring dogs that are unfamiliar with hor ses into the equ estrian community. These dog owners, generally do not realize this is a horse community. They are shown to not be aware of the dangers that dogs, that are not familiar wit h horses, can bring . Even the smallest dog, once they see a horse for the f irst time, they get excited and predatory instincts b ecome engaged. This results in running up to the horse, barking, lunging o r biting the horse. This predatory behavior provokes fear in the horse. And as a prey animal, this scares the horse, causing it to react , by rearing up , bucking the rider, running into the street, kicking others and the dog. Further, horses are herd animals . When one horse is scared, other horses follow similarly. In addition to endangering the rider, the dog, and the horse, the horses reacting puts bystanders, other equestrians, children’s horse programs and horse rental riders at risk of injury or fatality.

The stables and equine businesses within the CE zone are unique as they are within an urban rancho horse community, where residents ride their horses from their backyard stables on the city streets, to the public bridle trails into Griffith Park. Residential equestrians from the Riverside Rancho, Burbank Rancho

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Equestrian District and the Los Angeles Eq uestrian Center, all utilize the bridle trail that parallels the stables, horse rentals, and other horse businesses within the CE zone. Sounds from barking dogs from kennels, or a loose dog can users of the bridle trails at risk. Further, businesses within the CE zone are close together, including the two horse rental facilities and some barns having 75 or more horses in a smaller space, where if a dog from an ow ner ever gets loose puts humans and animals at risk, but also affects the safety of business clientele and liability. If kennels were ever in the CE zone, more dogs are brought into the horse community where unleashed dogs, already a common problem at Bette Davis Park, has residential equestrians concerned. Cases of dog bites and attacks on horses have clearly demonstrated, that dogs unfamiliar with horses or unleashed dogs have resulted in injury and fatality to both humans and animals.

To date, no kennels have ever been placed within the CE zone. By removing this use, will help to reduce future injury and fatality risks, liability among businesses and among residential equestrians from neighboring ran chos. Over 500 signatures from residential equestrians, and signatures from business owners within the CE zone fully support a call to action to remove “kennels” as an allowed use.

A call -to-action to modify the terminology of the existing zoning code, from “Animal Boarding and Kennels” and replace with “Animal Boarding Other Than Dogs”, as a permitted use in the Commercial Equestrian (CE) zone, as designated in the Glendale Municipal Code, Title 30, Zoning code 81, Special Purpose Zoning Dist ricts and Permit Requirements. This recommendation also supports Section

30.15.040 (B)(1), that ensures that land used in the CE Zone “are not operated in such a manner as to cause a detrimental effect on adjacent land uses or the community environment; an d to preserve a nd enhance the lifestyles of Glendale residents through the protection of the public health, safety and general welfare.”

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2. BACKGROUND
During late 2018 through the end of 2020, community interviews and Town Hall meetings , helped to identify concerns from equestrian residents, businesses, and workers in the Riversi de Rancho. To help further investigate and address these issues and concerns, Save Glendale Riverside Rancho, a community organization, reached out and began to collaborate with Cali fornia State Polytechnic University, School of Environm ental Design and Planning . The university conducted addition al community meetings and interviews to research these concerns further and ultimately created community planning concepts for the Riverside Rancho. One of the top safety concerns from the community, second to traffic safety risks, was “Kennels” as an allowed use in the Commercial Equestrian Zo ne (CE). While t hese concerns were discussed during earlier community Town Hall meetings, the community again expressed safety concerns of kennels. Unsure as to why “Kennels” described as an allowed use in the CE zone , it is more likely based on a non -equestrian who might not have known the difference between dogs raised around horses, and those dogs who m ight not have ever seen a horse . It may not have understood th at dogs who are unfamiliar with horses, can easily engage their predatory instincts and bark, chase, lunge, bite, etc. This behavior provokes fear in the horse as a prey animal, scaring the hors e, bucking the rider, causing the horse to run into the street, putting fear into other horses, and increasing the risk of injury to both humans and animals. This includes the equestrians, those on horse rentals, and animal care workers . During the time of the discussions, there was a common consensus from the rancho communities (Glendale, Burbank and Los Angeles Equestrian Center), on the risks that kennels may bring to the horse community.

The community ranchos are unique . The Glendale Riverside Rancho, B urbank Equestrian District and Los Angeles Equestrian Center, all share the same bridle trails that lead to the 55-miles of trails within the over 4,200 acres in Griffith Park, Los Angeles. Residential equestrians from these communities all lead to the bridle trail that parallels the CE zone going to Griffith Park. Having dog kennels within the CE z one would become a public health concern, putting both humans and animals at risk . Discussions from

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residential equestrians, and businesses and workers within the CE zone, concluded to remove “Kennels” as an allowed use, in the CE zone.

The CE zone is also very unique, as it allows for horse stables and horse-related businesses within the zone and is part of an urban rancho (Exhibit A). The urban rancho is much more densely populated than rural areas, making equestrians more susceptible to the impact from traffic, noise and other impacts that could increase risks to equestrians and animals (Exhibit B). Horse related businesses within the CE zone, also are home to various adult and children's riding programs and horse rental facilities, where riders are on a horse for their first time. Animal handlers , trainers , and caretakers, such as farrier s (an equine specialist that trims, balances and places shoes on the horses’ hooves), all work closely with the horse .

Safety is of vital importance to the equestrians and workers within these facilities.

Not only does the CE zone parallel the bridle trail, it also parallels Riverside Drive. This is significant to equestrians who ride their horses from their home in the Riverside Rancho to access Griffith Park trails (crossing Riverside Drive generally includes crossing from, Sonora Ave, Western Avenue, and Allen Avenue). The public bridle trail parallels Riverside Drive, behind th e various stables in the CE zone. For residential equestrians from the Burbank Rancho Equestrian District, in order to access Griffith Park trails from the east side of their rancho, they cross Riverside Drive at Allen Avenue, by riding in front of Silver Spur Stables, then ride along the front, side (adjacent to the horse r ental facility) and continue on Allen Avenue to the back of Silv er Spur Stables, and along the stone creek (Exhibit C). Overall, the bridle trail and horse crossings from Riverside Drive have a significant amount of residential equestrian flow f rom the neighborhoods, and equestrians from the City of Burbank and Los Angeles (Exhibit D).

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3. INTRODUCTION

Horses play a vital role in local economies and the lives of people, including recreational/pleasure, therapeutic, horse shows, etc. There are over 400,000 horses in southern California, with 150,000 in the Los Angeles area. Los Angeles county is also home to 189 full-service barns and stables, that provide lessons, showing, competition, equine assisted therapy, seasonal camp programs, youth equestrian programs and recreational uses. Five of these barns and stables , in addition to two horse rental facilities and two tack and feed stores, are located in the Glendale Riverside Rancho, CE zone.

The horse industry in California contributes to $4.1 billion to the economy with an estimated nearly 700,000 horses (CHC, 2020). Within Los Angeles County, the horse industry in contributes $270 million in local taxes (EQUO, 2017) , making the horse industry a significant part of the local economy. Most horses are used for recreation and showing , with 85% recreational and 30% for showing (EQUO, 2017).

The Glendale Riverside Ranch o is a vital part of this industry , with barns and stables, feed stores and rental facilities that provide services to the greater Los Angeles, as w ell as neighboring Burban k Equestrian District and Los Angeles Atwater Equestrian District, and the Los Angeles Eq uestrian Center in Griffith Park. The horse facilities in the Riversid e Rancho p rovide various typ es of services and programs that provide revenue to the local economy and pro vides jobs to the community . Ensuring equestrian safety and protecting the businesses within the CE zone is vital to the city of Glendale economy, tax revenue and jobs (Exhibit E). One of the highest priorities of a ny horse-related business, is the safety of equestrians, animal handlers and caretakers, trainers, other workers, their customers, and the general public.

The users of these facilities (boarders, rentals, lessons, children’s programs, therapy programs), depend on workers who have certification for teaching and caring for horses. This is vital for the safety of human s and animals. Certifying organizations such as the American Farrier Association Certification for animal handlers who provide animal care, and the Certified Horsemanship Association, are for others who

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provide horse training, lessons, horse rental leadership, and other roles with the horse (American Farriers Association, n.d.; Certified Horsemanship Association, 2021), put safety of the human and animal as their highest priority when certifying individuals to work with animals.

The equine, a horse, is a unique animal. They c an be calm and rela xed, but they can quickly react to something that scares the m, resulting in the horse rearing up on its hind legs , kicking people, or running into traffic. Scientific equine temperament and personality literature, confirm that horses are a vigilant species (Janczarak, 2020). Their antipredator de fense response causes them to flee from frightenin g stimuli (Christensen et al., 2005). This behavior is induced by p hysiological changes from increases of cortisol concentrations and heart rate (Takahashi et al., 2007). The uniqueness of the horse is also their ability to interact with humans. They share similar mirror neurons in their brain , tha t gives the m the ability to recognize feelings, and have empathy and compassion , for others, which demonstrated the efficacy of equine-assisted therapy (Fine, 2019). As a result , of these neurons , a horse can sense fear or anxiety in that of a hum an, and the horse will react accordingly. This sensitivity, affects how easily a horse will react to fear. The size of the horse is another safety factor that is significant to the safety of the horse and human. Horses can weigh between 800 to 2,000 pounds , and when agitated or scared, they can be fatal to humans and animals. Studies suggest that the ability for present -day horses to coexist with predators is not possible an d humans must continue to take responsibility to protect the hor se against predation (Jancsarek et al., 2020).

As a prey animal, the horse can easily become scared, and it will react to protect itself. They have a strong sense of hearing, smell, touch and sight, used to sense danger for survival (Storgaard, n.d.). A horse will react immediately to sudden flashes or movements, sounds, colors, or sc ent in order to flee from danger (EquiMed Staff, 2018) . Sometimes a simple plastic bag on a trail moving with th e wind gently, can put fear into a horse, let a lone a dog barking from a distance or a dog biting at the horse. This reaction can result in the horse bucking the rider, kicking people or workers, running and injuring the horse, and other humans and damaging property (Greene & Comerford, 2019).

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Dogs are also unique animals. They are predators, and even the softest, cutest, fluffiest of canine friends, inside these animals are hunters (Corp-Minamiji, 2012; British Horse Society, n.d.). It is natural for a dog to run, bark and chase , especially when i n a different environment or when protecting its own environment. Among dogs that have never seen a horse before , this can make the dog more excite d, causing the dog to run and bark and sometimes it only wants to play. But the horse will not understand the difference, as the dog is a predatory animal. Regardless of the dog’s intent, this behavior, causes the horse to kick, bite or run to keep safe, resulting in the horse injuring or killing the dog. A dog however, can also injury a horse by biting its le gs, lunging and biting its face, or scaring the horse , causing the horse bucking the rider, and running, injuring itself or others (Pavia, 2021).

4. PROBLEM DEFINITION: INJURY RISKS TO HUMANS AND HORSES FROM DOGS WHO

ARE UNFAMILIAR WITH HORSES
Horse Owners Who Have Their Own Dogs
Many horse owners have d ogs. However, these dogs have also been raised along with the horse, and the dog learns of its own boundaries and limitations , and they become compatible (Pavia, 2021; Eldredge, 2017). There is also a significant amount of dog training needed to ensure they are safe around the horse (Animal Behavior Society, 2021 ; AQHA, 2018). Horse owners who have dogs, also they understand the capability of their dog and the safety around their horse , and other horses and animals . The Certified Professional Dog Trainers, Applied Animal Behaviorists, Certified Applied animal Behaviorists, or Associate Certified Applied Animal Behaviorists provide training to help modify behavior of the predatory dog to safely be around the prey horse (ASPCA, 2021).

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Dog Kennels and Dogs who are Unfamiliar with Horses
When dogs that are not familiar with horses, are taken into a horse community, especially an urban horse community, where barns and stables are much closer than those in rural area s, exposes the horse, equestrians, and oth ers to an increased injury risk. Horse barns and stables in the Riverside Rancho are located behind the single-family homes and not easily seen. Therefore, when a dog owner comes into the Riverside Rancho , as well as neighboring ranchos , the y might not realize that they are in a horse community, nor understand the risks to their dog , horses and humans. Veterinarians alike, are also aware of the danger of unfamiliar dogs mixin g within a horse community and they caution owners of dogs to take responsibility (British Horse Society, n.d.; Corp-Minamiji, 2012; Eldredge, 2017).

It is common for a dog who is unfamiliar with horses, to get excited when they see a horse for the first time. This ex citement can begin while in the car after seeing a horse on the street . This excitement engages the dog’s predatory instinct . Once the car is stopped , they can become more e xcited, by accidentally running once the car door is opened and easily get away from the owner, or slip from the leash, and run towards the horse to begin engagement and chase the horse . Similarly, with a public dog kennel, these dogs may not have ever been around a horse , nor doe s the owner realize the dan ger their dog can bring to the hors e, to humans, and their dog. Thi s lack of awareness and familiarity of horses , increases the risk even further. When a dog sees a horse for the first time, it can react with fear, curiosity, or nervousness, that could lead to aggression or chasing the horse (Blue Cross for Pets, 2019 ; Eldredge, 2017; Corp-Minamiji, 2012). With a kennel nearby, the noise from barking dogs. Barking from dogs, can put fear into horses at adjacent stables and equestrians riding on the trail. This is vital, because horses have a strong sense of hearing, as a prey animal. The sound of a barking dog, will cause the horse to react accordingly, and become agitated or fearful. Horses are also herd animals, when one reacts to fear, other horses often follow. This fear in the horse is common, for survival as a prey animal. Therefor a horse will easily react to any sudden sound, fast movement or even a flash from the reflection from a shiny chain or

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name tag from a dog collar. When a horse reacts to fear it will run away from whatever has scared it. It can buck the rider off the horse, step on the rider or dog, injuring itself, other people nearby or running into traffic. This is a risk to those within the CE zone, the residential equestrian flow, and concentration of equestrians with h orses on the bridle trail, and programs at stables and barns, and horse rentals (Exhibit D). Many children programs, those in lessons, or those riding on rental horses are at the greatest risk due to their lack of horse experience. If a dog runs up to the horse and/or starts to bark, puts these riders at risk from their lack of handi ng an out-of-control horse (Horse & Hound, n.d.) . However, e ven the most experienced equestrian, can have difficulty in calming a horse, putting everyone nearby, the horse, dog, and other people at risk of severe injury or death. Similarly, animal handlers and caretakers of the horse are at significant risk, due to their proximity of working next to the horse. Barking is another problem, as horses have a strong sense of hearing, which can result in similar fear-response. Further, as a herd animal, once one horse is scared, other horses will react similarly (Horse & Hound, n.d.). A horse that is reacting to a dog in the CE zone, can also run into other riders and also into traffic on Riverside Drive . This is especially dangerous for both LA Horse Rentals and Griffith Park Horse Rentals that often have novice riders. An example of how dangerous a n unleashed dog can be, is a cas e where a family of four were riding their four horses with their friends on a trail in Little Missouri State Park, North Dakota. They were attacked by several unleashed dogs that belonged to hikers. These horses were used to having local barn dogs running around them, but when these dogs began to circle, attack and bite at the muzzle and legs, the horses bucked the riders. This caused two riders falling, and one with the horse falling on top of the rider.

The dogs continued biting the horse’s legs until they fell to the ground and star ted biting at their throat.

The two other horses ran with the riders out of control, eventually falling off. This example demonstrates how a calm afternoon ride, can suddenly become fatal for the humans and animals (Bergren, 2020). This is a risk within the Riverside Rancho stables and rentals within the CE zon e, as w ell as re sidential equestrians from other parts of the Riverside Rancho, Burbank Rancho and th ose using the bridle trails from the Los Angeles Equestrian Center. Animal handler s, farriers, train ers, renta l leaders, those in lessons, the general public (drivers , bicyclists and pedestrians on Riverside Drive), are also at risk. If a

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dog kennel was located within the C E zone, the common barking of dogs coming from the kennels is a risk to equestrians, rentals and workers nearby and affecting those on the trail that parallels the businesses within the CE zone.

5. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND DATA COLLECTION OF DOG BITES
Dog Bites and Data Collection
Effective data collection is vital to effectively study risk asses sment. The Human Society of the United States (HSUS) maintains a national registry for dog-bite-related fatalities. A dog bite fatality is defined as “a death caused by acute trauma from a dog attack ”. Local animal control agencies also maintain case reports of non-fatal dog bites. Generally, most dog attacked and bites go unreported, so the total number of dig bites are likely to be higher . There are more than 52 million dogs in the United States . HSUS dog bite data suggests that every 36 seconds, one person is bitten by a dog, and 41% of these cases are severe enough to require hospitalization. Collecting case data on do g bites is necessary for the development of evidenced-based prevention programs, public education, breed and leash law regulation, and enforcement.

Dog Bites on Horses and Data Collection
Part of the dog bite data, also includes attacks and bites of people on horses. This however , is not addressed in a database, nor are they reported in a national database, unless a human death involved. This leaves the rates of dog attacks on horse’s unknown. This puts animals and humans at risk due to the inability to understand the rates of att acks and risks. As a result, there has been discussion and call -to- action to horse organizations in the United S tates to track dog attacks on horses. This database would provide valuable risk assessment evaluation such as location of the attack, injuries to the horse and owner, and dog breed. To date, there is no such national database (Dog Bite, 2008).

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Dog Bites on Horses Data Collection for this White Paper For the purposes of this White Paper, in order to identify the number and description of cases of dog attacks on horses, we obtained data from veterinary medicine, public health injury literature reviews, and case reports from the Humane Society of the United States . Most case report data however was obtained from news and other media platforms in the NEXIS database (an on-line service that provide wired news services, broadcast transcripts, newspapers and magazines).

6. CASE EXAMPLES OF DOG ATTACKS ON HORSES AND RELATED INTERACTIONS Dog-Bites-on-Horse Risk Exposure During the COVID-19 Pandemic As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, people continue to search for outdoor activity locations.

Unfortunately, many walking their d ogs, either unleashed or allowing them to bark , has shown to scare horses, which has resulted in both human and animal, injury and fatality. An additional risk, is when dog owners who are not familiar with h orses choose to not listen to equestrians regardi ng the danger to their dog and other s. When an experience d rider comes across an unleashed dog, they will try to get the attention of the owner or others to help keep the dog from engaging with the horse . Unfortunately, there have been cases where dog owne rs have i gnored commands of the equestrian riding a 1,500-pound animal, putting the dog at risk, as well at the horse, rider and others nearby (Jones, 2020a). These cases of unleashed dogs and interactions with equestrians have been common at Bette Davis Park. While the park is within Griffith Park in Los Angeles, its primary access is the bridle trail and Rancho Avenue in the city of Glendale. Many users of the part, bring their dogs and are unaware that this is a horse community and the associated injury risks, laws and responsibility. They are also not away of the risk that an unleashed dog has to a horse, the equestrian, and to their dog. This is a risk, especially to those riding their horses by the park on the bridle trail but also from residential equestrians who ride Easter Field, adjacent to Bette Davis Park, where equestrians train, run, and lead their horses (Exhibit A). A stray dog off-leash becomes a risk very quickly. Equestrians in the Riverside Rancho have already recognized this as a significant risk.

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Other similar horse c ommunities, have exhibited a 10% increase of dogs attacking horses, from more people being outdoors during the pandemic, resulting in injury and fatality among the human and animal (Jones, 2021).

Reaction of Well-Trained Horses at Equestrian Events During 2021 Olympics Even the most well -trained horses can react to something that scared them or that is different from what they expect. During the 2021 Olympics in Kamiyoga, Japan, showed how eve n th e most well -trained horse, can react to something as simple as a stat ue placed next to a horse jump in the arena . This was observed in the behavior of several horses during the Olympic Games in 2021 (NBC12 News, 2021).

Personal Dog with Personal Horse
Every year emergency departments treat injury cases as a result of personal pets and horses. In one study, during April 2015 through March 2016, a trauma center hospital treated 516 patients from animal related injuries. Among these cases, 16.2% of the rider s were pulled over and enthralle d by the animal. One example, included a girl who was riding her horse , with her mother who was walking next to her with their two pit bulls. Both dogs, familiar with horses and on a leash. Suddenly, one of the dogs came off the leash and its predatory ins tincts became engaged and for whatever reason, and it began attacking their horse. The rider was immediately bucked off the horse and once on the ground she was bitten by their dog. During the incident the mother also fell to the ground. The child rider ha d a contusion of the elbow and bite wounds to her arm. The mother sustained mult iple excoriations all over her body (Delft, Thomasses, Schreuder, et al., 2019).

Dogs not Affiliated with the Owner of the Horse
Stray dogs that are not familiar with horses is a common threat to a horse and rider. For example, when an equestrian comes across a dog while riding their horse on a city street, trail, or barn, the equestrian has no idea of the dog’s intent, predatory instincts , and once the dog attacks, there is little that can be done to

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stop the dog (Horse Council BC, 2018; Kahl, 2017). Many barns even have stable management rules for boarders and visitors , with “no dogs” being second to no smoking , to help reduce the risk and keep its customers, workers and animals safe (Kahl, 2017). This preparation is no different among the horse show events. Whereas, participants and attendees are often asked to leave their dogs home (Taylor, n.d.-b).

For a dog not familiar with horses, even the calmest dog, once they see the horse, their predatory instinct can engage at any time. When riding on a trail, if an equestrian comes across an unleashed dog, they are advised to: 1) while riding, walk the horse by the dog, not run or it can provo ke the dog to cha se the horse; 2) If the dog approaches, turn the horse to face the dog and yell to the dog “stay or “go home”; and 3) yell for help “please get your dog a way from my horse ” (Horse Council BC, 2018) . However, the by the rider yelling for help, this suddenness of unexpected sounds and sensing nervousness in the rider, can also put fear into the horse. Once the dog starts to circle the horse, bark, chase, lunge or bite the horse, the equestrian must try to keep their horse calm, until someone pulls the dog away, wh ich also increases the risk injury to that helper or dog owner. As observed in many video cases from equestrian helmet cameras and other bystanders , the equestrian is counting on someone to help, because once the dog begins engaging as a predator with the horse (barking, biting, etc.), there is little the equestrian can do (Jones, 2020) and pet owners need to understand their responsibility as a dog owner, including the legal and liability consequences for violating leash laws, and dog attacks (Dunham, 2021).

Videos of recent cases of dogs attacking hor ses, demonstrate the dog and horse dynamic, the risk, the difficulty once the dog’s behavior becomes predatory, and its consequences, are provided at the following link [www.horses.publichealthbehaviorsolutions.com/planning-and-reserach.html].

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Case Reviews
The following is a description of 17 cases of dogs attacking horses and riders. The location of these attacks, vary from within a corral, on a street, arena or pasture, or on a trail. Injuries in these cases range from severe to fatal, among both the human and animal.

Case Description Injury Reference
1 A rider was riding her gelding horse with a friend when a loose dog appeared and the out-of-control dog started barking and lunging at the horse, and the horses, reaction caused the riders to fall off.

Human: Rider sustained
a fractured vertebra
Murray, 2020
2 As shown in this video, a horse owner went to check on their horses who were spooked. His neighbors’ four dogs came onto the property, scaring the horses, and while trying to calm their horses, he was kicked multiple times, then mauled by the dogs.

Human: Seizure,
multiple wounds, and
surgeries
First Coast News,
2021
3 Dog gets through the fence and attacks horses, eventually the dog biting at the horses face and not letting go. The owners observed the dog dangling from the horse by its teeth.

Animal: Severe injury to
horses. Horses
continue to react to
distance dog barking
Church, 2021
4 Equestrian attacked by dog while riding. The dog was unleashed, with no owner in sight and attacked. The rider yelled at the dog, the horse reared upward and eventually kicking and injuring the dog, to defend itself from the attack.

Human: Injury
Animal: Injury
Byrne, 2021
5 Equestrian mauled to death by a dog she knew Human fatality Parker, 2016 6 13-year-old boy attacked by dogs while riding on pony Human: Facial scars Mathieson, 2008 7 Dog attacks horse and animal handlers is kicked in the face.

When authorities arrived the pit bull was hanging while biting the horses face, until police shot the dog (not fatally)
Human: Facial injury.

Animal: Injury
Diedrich, 2009
8 Experienced equestrian of 45 years, was exercising her ponies with two children riding. Dogs began circling and eventually attacked the horses. The adult was kicked in the face and a child bitten on their foot.

The dogs were biting at the horse’s throat taking the horses down.

Human: Facial injury to
adult human and leg
laceration from bites
among child
Bradshaw, 2021
9 A 12-year-old rider was bucked from her horse, when two out-of-control dogs got away from their owner, and attacked and bit the horse’s nose, and continued to bite, until the horse galloped away with the dog’s legs tangled in the horse’s reins.

Animal: Emotional
trauma to the rider. Dog
and horse injury.

Murray, 2019
10 Two dogs enter barn and attack and severely injury horse. Animal: Fatal injuries Horse was euthanized
due to severity of
injuries. Dogs were
eventually euthanized.

Powers, 2021
11 Dog attacked horse and rider. Dog’s caretakes charged in the attack Human: Severe injury.

Animal: Severe injuries
Turner, 2019
12 Dog attacked horse. Horse euthanized due to severity of injury Animal: Fatality Saginaw News Staff, 2019

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Case Description Injury Reference
13 Two horses were attacked and killed by a pack of stray dogs Animal: Fatality Associated Press, 2019
14 Dogs attack and kill horse in stable Animal: Fatality Buscko, 2006 15 Dog attacks horse. Horse bucked and jumped from stall running into the street, colliding with a vehicle. This is the 3rd attack within the past 12-months
Animal: Injury Crane, 2009
16 Two horses attacked both horses and rider

Human: Ankle bite,
laceration. Animal:

Injury, face, legs and
stomach
Evans, 2009
17 While on a trail ride, parents and two children, when attacked by unleashed dogs. Unable to control the horses, the riders’ adults and children were bucked with horses falling on top of the rider. Two horses with riders, ran out of control while the dogs chased and bite them, as the riders fell off.

Human: Injury Animal:

Injury
Bergren, 2020

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Risk of Dog Attacks on Horses in the Riverside Rancho
Community equestrians within the Riverside Rancho have reported their personal experiences where unleashed dogs on the public bridle trail approached their horse, and the horse reacted in fear, causing the rider to fall and be come injur ed in several ca ses. Further, the community has experienced daily confrontations in the number of people brin ging dogs to Bette Davis Park and allowing the dogs to run free, without a leash. This violates the County of Los Angeles Leash Law (Ord. 2016-0040 § 144, 2016:

Ord. 9454 § 1 (part), 1967: Ord. 8043 § 12 (part), 1961: Ord. 4729 Art. 7 § 701, 1946. ). This law , “Prohibits dogs from running at large on any public stre et, park or other public areas or upon private property other than that of the dog owner. A dog mu st be restrained by a substantial leash not exceeding six feet and be in the control of a competent person when off property. ” (County of Los Angeles, n.d.). In addition to violating local la w, while the city of Los Angeles has 11 “dog parks” where owners can run their dogs off leash, Bette Davis Park, is not one of thes e (Department of Recreation and Parks, 2021). Sometimes there are no horses at Bette Davis Park, so it is difficult for a dog owner to recognize that they are in a horse community . As a result , they often release their do gs. The risk increases when residential equestrians ride and lead their horses at different times each day, into the park. To access the trails, equestrians ride from the eastern part of the Riverside Rancho by crossing Riverside Drive at Sonora Avenue, and onto Rancho Avenue (adjacent to Bette Davis Park), and onto the bridle trails and to Easter Field horse arena (Exhibit A). Easter Field is adjacent to, and easily seen from the park. Making it easy for a dog to see horse on the arena. Equestrians use the Easter Field on a daily basis to lunge, train and exercise their horses. Dogs in this area , increase the risk o f exposure , put ting both humans and animals at risk.

Dog Kennels in the Riverside Rancho Commercial Equestrian (CE) Zone To date, there has not been dog kennels located in the CE zone . Having a dog kennel in the CE zone, increases the risk of predatory instincts from dogs that have been brought into the horse community.

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Barking dogs from a kennel also play a role, b ecause of the close proximity of barns and stables, rental facilities, and bridle trails. Additionally, when the public would use a kennel in the Riverside Rancho, they might not realize it is a horse community. They could easily park on the curb and walk into the kennel. Or decide to walk their dog along the trail or in the park, especially when no horses are around, as currently being observed, not realizing this, until horses walk by on the trail or roadway . Bringing more dogs into the Riverside Rancho, especially from outside the h orse community increases the risk of exposure. As a horse community, it is necessary for the safety of equestrian’s residents, users of horse rentals, other equestrians, workers, and visitors, to take responsibility to keep the public safe.

7. CALL-TO-ACTION
Equestrians, workers and business es within the Riverside Rancho , and neighboring ran chos, call -to- action, the City of Glendale to modify the existing zoning code language for the Commercial Equestrian (CE) zone, from “Animal Boarding and Kennels” to “Animal Boarding Other Than Dogs ” in order to maintain the health and safety of the rancho communities.

Currently, the City of Glendale , Commercial Equestrian (CE) zon ing code allows for “Animal Boarding and Kennels ”. For the health and safety to workers and customers of business, equestrians, workers, children and the general public within the rancho communities, and stables within the CE zone, as well as for the economic benefit of equine-related businesses within the CE zone, the community requests a call- to-action to modify the language of the zoning code, from “Animal Boarding and Kennels” and replace with “Animal Boarding Other Than Dogs”, as a permitted use in the Commercial Equestrian (CE) zone, as designated in the Glendale Municipal Code, Title 30, Zoning code 81, Special Purpose Zoning Districts and Permit Requirements.

To date, there has n ot been a dog kennel within the CE zone since its inclusion as an allowed use , by removing “kennels” as an allowed use , will help to prevent future health and safety risks among local stables, rental facilities, animal handlers, and equestrians in the community. Th is call to action, also

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supports Section 30.15.040 (B)(1), that ensures that land used in the CE Zone “are not operated in such a manner as to cause a detrimental effect on adjacent land uses or the community environment; and to preserve a nd enhance the lifestyles of Glendale residents through the protection of the public health, safety and general welfare .” The call to action also removes the risk of exposure, from additional dogs that are not familiar with hor ses, to be t aken into the equestrian community . It also reduces liability among the businesses, property owners, and the municipalities of Glendale, Burbank, and Los Angeles.

8. COMMUNITY SUPPORT FOR THE CALL-TO-ACTION
In addition to the call-to-action support from the 2018 through 2020 community Town Hall meetings, and Cal Poly University research and survey’s findings, in 2021, residential equestrians and businesses within the CE zone have provided additional support. First, 537 residential equestrians in the Glendale Riverside Rancho, the Burbank Equestrian District, and the Los Angeles Equestrian Center, provided signatures of support in a 2021 petition to change the language of the CE zoning code from, “Animal Boarding and Kennels” as an allowed use, to “Animal Boarding Other Than Dogs” (Exhibit F). Additionally, businesses and workers, within the CE, equally provided support for the call-to-action.

9. FUTURE DIRECTION OF THE CALL-TO-ACTION
The call-to-action to remove “Kennels” as an allowed use, will not result in a negative impact to existing services, since no kenne ls have ever bee n placed in any of th e equine-related businesses within the CE zone. It does however have several future positive impacts. First, it removes the risk of any future exposure of injury and liability, if an equine -related business chose to host a kennel. Secondly, by not allowing the use of kennels , which have never been used, will benefit the futur e o f equine-related businesses in the CE zone by utilizing the valuable urban rancho land that is more economically beneficial for stables and facilities for horses and programs. Third, it also supports the future of the horse community by ensuring that land uses within the CE are used for equine related p urposes to maximize profits and revenue, to sustain itself as part of the horse community.

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An additional safety concern, and separate call-to-action to the City of Los Angeles, has evolved from this White Paper. Similarities were discovered from the described case examples. Whereas, dog owners who bring their dogs into a horse community and do not understand the risk, are putting animal and humans at risk as well as their own liability . When an equestrian is on a horse and sees a dog off leash, their o nly defense is to get the attention of the dog owner to keep their dog in control and on a leash. As observed in many of the c ase reviews, this can result in arguing about their rights . Currently, residential equestrians have reported this as a daily problem at Bette Davis Park and Easter Field. It was reported that there are daily confrontations, between equestrians and dog owners who leave their dogs off leash. Bette Davis Park, is accessed either by horseback on the bridle trail or by vehicle on Rancho Avenue in the City of Glendale. Bette Davis Park is however, within the Griffith Park in the City of Los Angeles . It is a violation to have a dog off leash wh ile in the park (County of Los Angeles , n.d.). The only parks that allow a dog to be “off leash”, is at any of the eleven “dog parks” in the city of Los Angeles, including the closest Griffith Park Dog Park (Department of Recreation and Parks, 2021). Unfortuately, residential equestrians have reported this to be a daily problem at Bette Davis Park, where dog owners take their dogs off leash and allow them to run at the park and on Easter Field. Despite residential eque strians explaining and helping to make the dog owner aware of the risk, the law, and danger to both their dog and humans, they argue that Bette Davis Park is a dog park. It is further reported that dog owners also allow their dogs off leash on the trail, a djacent to Bette Davis Park. While regulation is already in place, an additional call -to-action to the City of Los Angeles, is to : 1) post additional signage that includes the leash law, violation, fine, and a phone num ber to call Park Rangers and 2) i ncrease enforcement on a regular basis.

10. CONCLUSION
The call-to-action, will reduce injury risk and liability, and provide a benefit to the future economy of the Riverside Rancho , EC zone businesses as a horse community. In 1961, there were 40 horse stables facilities within the area along the Los Angeles River, and in 1986 this number dropped to 15 (Hamilton,

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1986). Currently, in 2021, there are only 5 within the Riverside Rancho, CE zone . The horse-related businesses within the CE zone in the Riverside Ranch o, are shown to be profitable , but they need their existing number of horse stalls and space to survive , in order to provide valuable services to t he public, equestrian and programs to the community and city government, and gener ate revenue to the city . By leaving the existing language in the zoning code for the CE zone, to allow “kennels” as an allowed use , not only increases the future risk of injury and fatality among humans and animals, it allows removing horse stalls and space for kennels . This significantly reduces the number of horses that can be boarded at these 5 stables in the CE zone. The greater number of horses at these facilities, the greater profits, revenue to the city, and programs, and sustains itself as a vital urban horse community for the city of Glendale and greater Los Angeles.

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EXHIBIT A
Primary Residential Equestrian Crossings to Access Bridle Trails Adjacent to Commercial Equestrian (CE) Zone. Also showing businesses within the CE zone.

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EXHIBIT B
Drivers and Bicyclists: Sharing the Road with Horses

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EXHIBIT C
Residential Equestrian Horse Trail Access Flow by Region to Commercial Equestrian Zone

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EXHIBIT D
Equestrian Flow from Residential Equestrian Regions to Trails along Commercial Equestrian Zone

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EXHIBIT E
Horse Stable Expense and Income Example
The following expense and revenue estimation is based on one of the local barns in the Commercial Equestrian (CE) zone. This provides an example of reve nue generation, taxes and programs from a horse related business. For a horse related business to succeed, it need s to utilize all available stalls for horse boarding and school horses, space available for lessons such as an arna and other work areas for the horses, in order to maximize profits.

OVERVIEW

EXPENSES AND CURRENT INCOME Annual
Expenses (Feed, shavings, staff, utility, insurance, etc.) -$198,966.36 Boarding $478,500.00
Camps $242,000.00
Lessons $22,800.00
Equine-Assisted Program (at-risk youth) $40,000.00
Sub-Total (Current income) $783,300.00

PROPOSED INCOME
Police/Probation - Public/Private $45,000.00
Parks/Recreation & After-School $30,000.00
Sunset Rides & BBQ $171,000.00
Sub-Total (Proposed Income) $246,000.00

Total Income $1,029,300.00
Total Profit $830,333.64

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EXHIBIT F
Petition – Residential Equestrians
The following is a copy of the petition and its results.

It can also be viewed at [https://chng.it/PBfw2K27].

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Continued from online petition:

The CE zone is unique, as it allows for horse stables and facilities within the zone. These have various adult and children's riding programs, animal handlers and caretakers, and two horse rental facilities with riders who are on a horse for the first time. Even though horse rentals are guided, even the most experienced equestrian can have difficulty calming a horse once it reacts to fear. The CE zone, also parallels Riverside Drive. This is significant for equestrians who ride their horses from their home in the Riverside Rancho to access Griffith Park trails (crossing Riverside Drive generally includes crossing from, Sonora Ave, Western Avenue, and Allen Avenue). The public bridle trail parallels Riverside Drive, behind the various stables in the CE zone. For equestrians from the Burbank Rancho Equestrian District, for them to access Griffith Park trails from their homes on the east side of their rancho, they cross Riverside Drive at Allen Avenue, which is in the front of Silver Spur Stables, then ride along the front, side (adjacent to the horse rental facility) and continue on Allen Avenue to the back of Silver Spur, along the stone creek. Overall, the bridle trail and horse crossings from Riverside Drive has a significant amount of equestrian activity and having a public dog kennel within the CE zone is a health and safety risk.

While many horse owners have dogs, these dogs have been raised along with the horse, the dog learns of its own boundaries and limitations where they become compatible. However, dogs that are taken to a public kennel, might not have ever been around a horse, increases the risk of the dog reacting to it, from barking, lunging, or even getting away from the dog owner to chase the horses. The noise from dogs and the dog’s behavior can put fear into horses nearby. Horses are also herd animals, when one reacts to fear, other horses often follow. This fear in the horse is common, for survival as a prey animal, so a horse will easily react to any sudden sound, fast movement or even a flash from the reflection from a shiny chain or name take from a dog collar. When a horse reacts to fear it will run from whatever it feels might but the horse at risk. It can buck the rider off, stepping on the dog, injuring itself, other people nearby or running into traffic (i.e. would be by the horse rental

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Continued from online petition:
facility on Riverside Drive and Allen Avenue by Silver Spur Stables). Even the most experienced equestrian, can have difficulty in calming a horse, putting everyone nearby, the horse, dog, and other people at risk of severe injury or death.

For the health and safety of equestrians, workers, children and the general public within the rancho communities, and stables within the CE zone, please sign this petition to provide support from our community to encourage the Glendale City Council to make a motion to modify the language in the zoning code from "Animal Boarding and Kennels” to "Animal Boarding Other Than Dogs" as a permitted use in the Commercial Equestrians(CE) zone, as designated in the Glendale Municipal Code, Title 30, Zoning code 81, Special Purpose Zoning Districts and Permit Requirements. This modification also supports Section 30.15.040 (B)(1), that ensures that land used in the CE Zone “are not operated in such a manner as to cause a detrimental effect on adjacent land uses or the community environment; and to preserve and enhance the lifestyles of Glendale residents through the protection of the public health, safety and general welfare.”
Keep our Glendale Riverside Rancho and Burbank Rancho Equestrian District a safe horse community, don’t’ let it go to the dogs.

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EXHIBIT G
Petition – Equine Businesses, Workers, Trainers, etc. in the CE Zone The following signatures were obtained from workers among each of the eight equine businesses in the CE Zone that are listed in Exhibit A, which includes two horse rental facilities; two tack and feed supply stores; and the four stable facilities. In addition to these physical signatu res, 57 other workers from these businesses, reported they had already signed the electronic petition. Worker affiliation included:
o Boarder: 32
o Instructor: 0
o Trainer: 4
o Other Worker (Owner, farrier, etc.): 21

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Glendale City CouncilJanuary 30, 2024

Glendale City Council
January 30, 2024