Glendale City Council
February 4, 2025

Figure 22
Bird's eye rendering of Glendale Garden Homes in an
advertisement titled "In Glendale," Los Angeles Times,
May 19, 1957.

GLENDALE GARDEN HOMES
Figure 23
Early photograph of Glendale Garden Homes as
featured in an advertisement in the Los Angeles Times,
March 23, 1958.

State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary#
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
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Property Name: Glendale Garden Homes

TABLE 1
1303-1315 NORTH CENTRAL AVENUE
GLENDALE BUILDING AND SAFETY DIVISION BUILDING PERMITs3 Contractor (C),
Permit Engineer or
Issued Record Owner Valuation ($) Description
10/23/1954 Edgar N. -
Gregg ighboring proper
1/9/1957 53944 Edgar N. (C) Causey & Causey Carport, and dressing on of the cabana, Gregg
1/9/1957 59345 Edgar N. (C) Causey & Causey $175,000 1303 N. Central: Permit to construct rental Gregg units, a concrete foundation, 7 chimneys,
vood framing, stucco finish, shingle roof, 8'6
ceilings
1/9/1957 53947 Edgar N. (C) Causey & Causey 1315 Central: Concrete foundation, wood Gregg framing, stucco
217/1957 53861 Edgar N. (C) Causey & Causey - anouring the new compar to de Gregg
constructed
8/15/1957 55423 Edgar N. (C) MacDonald 20' × 40' swimming pool constructed ir Gregg Brothers abana area
11/12/1957 Edgar N. Certificate of Occupancy issued
Gregg
1/1998 Central (C) Sazeh tone and masonry post and light entry gat BWB, Construction & loor and short walls, wood trelli
LLC Development Corp.
12/1998 Central (C) Sazah Electrical permit for electrical alterations BWB, Construction &
LLC Development Corp.
12/2005 Central Mechanical systems upgrade including a/c BWB, and electrical
LLC
Occupancy and Ownership History
Ownership history for the subject property was compiled from documents at the Glendale City Planning Division and the Los Angeles County Assessor (Table 2). Tract information indicates that Edgar N. Gregg subdivided the subject parcel in 1953. The property was originally owned and developed by Edgar N. Gregg, Gill B. Causey, and Joseph G. Causey. Limited information was found on Edgar N. Gregg, who appeared to be part owner of a development firm, also owned with his brother, J. Lee Gregg, in the Glendale area, since 1934. Their grandfather, father, and later, J. Lee Gregg's son were also in the contracting and real estate development business.4 According to a newspaper article Edgar N. Gregg left the family business in 1956, just three years Documentation exists for all permits and certificates of occupancy listed in this table. 4 Howard, Los Angeles Times, 1999.

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Property Name: Glendale Garden Homes

after subdividing the subject parcel, a year prior to the completion of the Glendale Garden Homes design drawings.

Gill B. Causey owned the property by 1967. Causey and his brother, Joseph G. Causey, had served as the builders of Glendale Garden Homes about 10 years prior. Limited information was found about Gill B. Causey, however, his brother Joseph G. Causey was considered to be a successful businessman in Glendale by 1957.5 Joseph G. Causey owned contracting firm Causey & Causey, the original contractors of the subject property, and was president of the Verdugo Development Corporation. He was considered to specialize in "income property construction and sales."6 Joseph G. Causey took ownership of the property 20 years later, in 1987.

TABLE 2
OCCUPANCY HISTORY FOR 1303-1315 NORTH CENTRAL AVENUE
Year Source Owner
2004 Los Angeles County Assessor Central BWB, LLC
2003 Los Angeles County Assessor Central BWB, LLC
1997 Los Angeles County Assessor 130 Central, LLC
1996 Los Angeles County Assessor aurence Godair, Kenneth Mortenser red L. Mortensen Jr, and Peter Mortense
1993 Los Angeles County Assessor Fred L. Mortensen Jr. and Evelyn C Nenker Family Trus
1987 Los Angeles County Assessor Joseph G. Causey
1987 Los Angeles County Assessor Joseph G. Causey Ind. Causey Trust 1967 Los Angeles County Assessor Gill B. and June H. Causey 1954 Glendale City Planning Division Edgar N. Gregg
Glendale City Directories available at the Glendale History Room at the Glendale Central Library spanned from 1957 to 1977, with several years absent in between (Table 3). This ranged the year that the complex opened through about a 20-year period afterwards. No other sources were found to identify rental tenants from 1978 to the present.

Early tenants listed were all-men, although there were some married couples living at the subject property at the time. Many early tenants appear to have been living in the Los Angeles-area prior to moving into the new apartment complex. Many tenants end up living there for multiple years.

Professions of the earliest tenants included personnel managers, veterans, bus drivers, and a landscape gardener. One of the longest tenants was Philip E. Zeiss, a dentist, who lived at the 5 Carroll W. Parcher, Glendale Community Book (Glendale: John W. Akers, 1957), 584.

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Property Name: Glendale Garden Homes

complex from 1958 through at least 1977, when the available Glendale City Directories end.

Advertisements indicate that this was an adult-only community through the 1960s.

J. (Joe) E. Hoeft, who later became the founder of the Glendale Federal Savings, lived at the apartment building for two years from 1967 to 1968, roughly 6 years after the Glendale Federal Savings and Loan building was constructed downtown in 1959. City directories indicate that Hoeft resided at other locations for longer periods of time. Hoeft later became known as a civic leader in the area.

It appears that, Joseph G. Causey, one of the building's original contractors comprising the firm of Causey & Causey and Causey & Rhodes, lived at the 1311 North Central Avenue building from 1993 to 1997, likely in his senior years.

TaBLe 3
OCCUPANCY HISTORY OF 1303-1315 NoRTH CENTRAL AvenuE?
Source Occupant
1958 Glendale City Directory 1303 N. Central
A - Vacant
B - John H. Verling
C - (none listed)
D- Harmon Baldwin
E - Chas E. Weaver
F - William Goss
G - Harley P. Easley
H- Richard O. Bullis
I - Boyd D. Henry
J- Philip E. Zeiss
K- Lewis I. Reed
L - W. G. Onderdonk
Note: tenants in bold resided at the subject property for multiple years.

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Property Name: Glendale Garden Homes

Source Occupant
1960 Glendale City Directory 1303 N. Central
A-Herald H. Beck
B-Mark G. McMahon
C-John H. Verling
D-Harmon W. Baldwin
E-Arthur H. Schneer
F- William J. Goss
G-Harley P. Easley
H-Richard O. Bullis
I- Boyd D. Henry
J- Philip E. Zeiss
K-Lewis I. Reed
L- Clare C. Conzett
M-Sam Spaulding
1311 N. Central
A-Kent W. Barlett
B-Mrs. Irene F. Henderson
C-James A. Henderson
D-J. J. Martin
E-A. F. Awald
F- Ferron Rasco
G-Mrs. Arleen Kloppel
H-Vacant
1- Bill C. Wallick
J- John B May
K-Tod E. Stice
L- Harry Maher
1961 Glendale City Directory 1303 N. Central
A- Hugh H. Logan
B-Nevin W. Albert
C-Vacant
D-Harmon Baldwin
E-Mrs. Frances Schneer
F- William J. Goss
G-Harley P. Easley
H-Herman A. Enemark
1- Thomas E. Durant
J- Philip E. Zeiss
K-Ewald B. Rasmussen
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Property Name: Glendale Garden Homes

Source Occupant
1967 Glendale City Directory 1303 N. Central
A-Russell T. Burnham
B-Mrs. Blanche C. Albert
C-No listing
D-Perry E. Wright
E-Mrs.Frances Scheer
F- Vacant
G-Harley P. Easley
H-Herman A. Enemark
1- Thomas E. Durant
J- Philip E. Zeiss
K-Ewald B. Rasmussen
L- Michael Nugent, A business consultant
M- J. E. Hoeft
1968 Glendale City Directory 1303 N. Central
A- Russell T. Burnham
B-Mrs. Blanche C. Albert
C-Edith A. Nicklos
D-Perry E. Wright
E-Mrs. Frances Scheer
F-Alvin W. Ray
G-Harley P Easley
H-Lloyd R. Nicholson
1- Thomas E. Durant
J- Philip E. Zeiss
K-Edwald B. Rasmussen
L- Michael A. Nugent, A business
consultant
M- J. E. Hoeft
1311 N. Central
A - Eugene F. Conner
B- Mrs. Irene F. Martin
C- Claude A. Welcome
D- Mrs. Florence M. Sidney
E- Albert F. Ewald
F- No return
G- Mrs. Arleen E. Kloeppel
H- Paul G. Kirman
1 - Harmon W. Baldwin
J- John B. May
K - L. E. Scharf
L - James R. Wilkinson
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Property Name: Glendale Garden Homes

Source Occupant
1969 Glendale City Directory 1303 N. Central
A-Edith A. Ward
B-Mrs. Albert C. Blanche
C-Edith A. Nicklos
D-William D. Wessly
E-Michael Nugent, A business consultant
F- Reginald E. Spicer
G-Harley P Easley
H-Lloyd R. Nicholson
1- Thomas E. Durant
J- Philip E. Zeiss
K-Ewald B. Rasmussen
L- Saml B. Lapin
M- Vacant
1311 N. Central
A-Dallas Brigg
B-Mrs. Irene F. Martin
C-Herbert N. Dorman
D-Vacant
E-Albert F. Ewald
F- Mrs. Clara H. Brown
G-Mrs. Arleen E. Kloeppel
H-Melvin Lindapl
1- Harmon W. Baldwin
J- John B. May
K-L. E. Scharf
L- Kames R. Wilkinson
1315 N. Central
A-Max L. Green
B-John H. Lauten
C-Rodney M. Spoden
D-Mrs. Lillian Kennedy
E-Mrs. Mildred Kittleson
F- Barney Riemarr
G-Thomas N. Jamieson
H-Donald W. Corson
- Vacant
J- William Crockett
K-Vacant
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Property Name: Glendale Garden Homes

Source Occupant
1970 Glendale City Directory 1301 N. Central
A - Mrs. Ruth W. Ward
B- Albert W. Nevin
C- Edith A. Nicklos
D - No return
E - Michael Nugent
F - Reginald E. Spicer
G - Harley P. Easley
H - Lloyd R. Nicholson
1 - Thomas E. Durant
J- Philip E. Zeiss
K - Ewald B. Rasmussen
L - Burt S. Turney
M - Mrs. Margaret Maher
1977 Glendale City Directory 1301 N. Central
A - Mrs. Ruth W. Ward
B - Mrs. Ruth L. Green
C - Kermit W. Kuhns
D - J. M. Caldwell
F - Reginald E. Spicer
G - Carl C. Monroe
H - H. V. Hedges
1 - Thomas E. Durant
J- Philip E. Zeiss
K - Wally E. Rasmussen
L - William H. Donnelly
M - Frederick C Young
*D6. Significance (continued):

The historic contexts included below present the background necessary to evaluate the historical and architectural significance of the subject property, including the history of its construction and alterations, as well as the surrounding neighborhood's development. The subject property sits outside of the boundaries of both South Glendale and North Glendale, two areas which have established historic context statements. While the property sits within the pending West Glendale Historic Context Statement area, the "City of Glendale: South Glendale Historic Context Statement" includes pertinent information related to multi-family residential developments in the Glendale region. Similarly, as the property does not fall within the City of Los Angeles proper, it is still within Los Angeles County, and for that reason the "Garden Apartments of Los Angeles:

Historic Context Statement" will be reviewed for contextual purposes. In this, ESA identified the following historical and architectural themes from the "City of Glendale: South Glendale Historic Context Statement" (2014) and the "Garden Apartments of Los Angeles: Historic Context Statement" (2012): Post-World War I| Multi-Family Residential Development (1945-1979), Community Planning and Development: Garden City Planning Principles (1937-1955), and Designed Landscapes (1937-1955). An additional context gleaned from Glendale's "Design State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary#
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Guidelines for Residential Buildings in Adopted Historic Districts," included a discussion of Glendale's Residential Character: Multi-Family Residences and Multi-Family Modern Buildings.

The preliminary period of significance associated with garden apartments in Los Angeles County spans from 1937 to 1955, which predates the construction of the subject property.

Glendale
Post-World War II Multi-Family Residential Development, 1945-19798 The end of World War Il brought a wave of migration to Southern California for its booming local economy and pleasant climate, and demand for housing skyrocketed. Many people used this as an opportunity to engage in speculative real estate. Glendale was no exception. South Glendale's lack of height restrictions, zoning that permitted intermingling of single-family and multi-family residential buildings, and a business community largely based on banking and financial services created the perfect opportunity for apartment developers.

Contributing to what would become a multi-family residential development boom in Glendale was a national climate of economic incentives that encouraged the construction of multi-family housing. In describing the "apartment boom" of the 1950s and early 1960s, Babcock and Bosselman write, "In the present economic and legal climate, incentives are available not only to the landowner, but to the developer, the investor and the lender." Between 1941 and 1950, the federal government created "Section 608" which "provided Federal Housing Administration (FHA) insurance for as much as 90% of mortgages on rental housing projects."211 The FHA began to provide mortgage insurance for apartment buildings having elevators in the late 1940s. By the 1950s apartment buildings were equipped with improved mechanical systems, elevators, up-to-date appliances, central air conditioning, outdoor balconies, and newly available prefabricated components such as steel-framed windows and sliding glass doors. The Internal Revenue Code of 1954 "permitted owners to charge off high percentages of the original cost of new building during the early years of the building's life," thereby encouraging new construction. In the early 1960s the federal government eased existing restrictions limiting investment in multi-family housing lending by Savings and Loans.

During the first seven months of 1957, Glendale ranked sixth among Southern California cities in terms of the number of apartment units being built.

During the postwar period, local architects and community planners adapted the principles of these movements and constructed innovative new forms of multiple family housing. A new multiple family housing type known as "garden apartments" emerged at this time. Characteristics of garden apartments include the use of superblocks in development of the site, the segregation of automobile and pedestrian traffic, low to medium density and building coverage, the Historic Resources Group, "City of Glendale: South Glendale Historic Context Statement," City of Glendale, ed. 2018, 99-100.

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Property Name: Glendale Garden Homes

standardization of building types with a maximum of three stories in height, and an emphasis on landscaping and open space.

Multi-family residential development during the postwar period was influenced by planning and design principles dating to the 1920s. The Garden City Movement in particular had a profound influence on the design of multi-family housing, as did the publication of Clarence Stein's Toward New Towns (1951). During the postwar period, local architects and community planners adapted the principles of these movements and constructed innovative new forms of multiple family housing. A new multiple family housing type known as "garden apartments" emerged at this time.

Characteristics of garden apartments include the use of superblocks in development of the site, the segregation of automobile and pedestrian traffic, low to medium density and building coverage, the standardization of building types with a maximum of three stories in height, and an emphasis on landscaping and open space.

Architecture & Design
Los Angeles Garden Apartments (1937-1955)9
Planned and constructed in Los Angeles between 1937 and approximately 1955, garden apartment complexes generally consist of concentrations of similar multi-unit buildings situated on a large - and often irregularly shaped - property. Complexes range in size from just a few acres to more than a hundred. Though some of Los Angeles's preeminent architects designed garden apartments at mid-century, the buildings themselves are typically (and deliberately) architecturally modest. Emphasis is placed, rather, on site plan and landscape; the designers relied on color, texture, planting plan, light and shadow to create visual interest. Building entrances face landscaped courtyards rather than the street, and parking and vehicular circulation is relegated to the perimeter of the site plan or within garage courts separate from pedestrian areas. Large, expansive green space is common; typically there are one or two large courtyards or greens at the nucleus of the complexes available to all residents. Garden apartments vary in appearance, size and plan; however, the following character defining features epitomize the property type in its purest expression:
• Superblock site plan, which deviates from the rectilinear urban grid by combining multiple city blocks or parcels into a single property
• Three acres in size or greater
• Low-slung buildings, rarely exceeding two stories in height • Elimination of common interior corridors
• Repetition of nearly identical building models throughout the plan • Stylistic simplicity; buildings are usually minimal in appearance with a lack of stylistic details and ornament
9 Architectural Resources Group, "Garden Apartments of Los Angeles: Historic Context Statement," Los Angeles Conservancy, 2012, 3-4.

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• Primary building entrances face common courtyards rather than the street • Parking at the perimeter of the site plan, typically in detached, enclosed garage buildings or garage courts
• One or more large open spaces, or greens, located at the interior of the site plan, around which buildings are arranged
• Recreational amenities planned to help foster community • Variety of landscape, often native or drought tolerant; low shrubs used to delineate outdoor "rooms"; allées; mature trees and the use of climbing vines to add visual interest to buildings Community Planning and Development: Garden City Planning Principles, 1937-195510 The success of the Depression and World War Il-era garden apartment developments spurred the construction of similar complexes on a large scale in the post-World War II era, as the housing shortage became more and more acutely felt in Los Angeles. In the late 1940s, the FHA renewed Title 608, which guaranteed developers 90% mortgages on multi-family housing which conformed to FHA guidelines, which favored garden apartments. Title 608 was intended as a temporary solution to insure defense and immediate postwar multi-family housing to ease the housing crisis caused by returning veterans. This made possible the relatively easy financing of large-scale private rental housing, and in the late 1940s several developers took advantage of this temporary extension to build garden apartments. With rumors that funding would soon be cut off, there was a race to get these garden apartments approved before the funding ran out. The two-year period of 1949-1950 alone saw the construction of at least a dozen garden apartments throughout the city, nearly always in suburban areas adjacent to arteries of the city's growing freeway system. Post-1945 examples are clearly based on the Garden City planning concepts that shaped the early garden apartments; however, due to the urgency of the postwar housing crisis they are typically higher density with more emphasis on unit count than open space. As such, whereas pre-1945 examples averaged 10 to 20 units per acre, most garden apartments constructed between 1945 and 1955 ranged between 20 to 30 units per acre.

Designed Landscapes, 1937-1955
After World War II, as privately funded garden apartments were built in great quantities throughout Los Angeles, the quality of the landscapes changed. Because density was generally higher, many of the developments didn't provide recreational amenities, instead using that space for more dwellings. Less experienced landscape architects, or in some cases nurseries, provided the design for the landscapes, and the focus turned from functional spaces meant for active participation in the landscape to more traditional suburban landscapes meant to be enjoyed from apartment windows or from pathways. In addition, contrary to the previous focus on using native and drought-resistant plant species, tropical and sub-tropical plantings were used, catering to changing tastes in the post-war period.

Norwood & DeLonge History, Designers
Norwood & DeLonge were identified as the designers of Glendale Garden Homes, as noted on the architectural plans created in 1957. The practitioners worked in Pasadena sometime between 1935 and 10 Ibid., 40.

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1965, as identified in the City of Pasadena's "Cultural Resources of the Recent Past Historic Context Report" prepared by Historic Resources Group and Pasadena Heritage in 2007.11 Serving as contractors and designers, it appears that Jack Norwood and Jack DeLonge, interior decorator, comprised this company. It is unclear whether Jack Norwood was a registered architect or contractor. The two were credited for the construction of many buildings in the Los Angeles area, including ranch-style homes, and mid-century apartment and commercial buildings where they often were listed as the contractors and developers. One such extant example of their work that is reflective of the design of the subject property at 1303 North Central Avenue are the apartments located at 1066 San Pasqual Avenue, Pasadena which were constructed in 1962 (Figure 3). 12 Their relationship with contractors Causey & Causey for the construction on Glendale Garden Homes is unknown, but it is possible that Norwood and DeLonge designed the complex and worked on conjunction with Causey & Causey to develop the property.

Causey & Causey and Causey & Rhodes, Contractors
Contractors Causey & Causey were identified as the contractors for the subject property, Glendale Garden Homes, through newspaper advertisements placed at the time of construction. Causey & Causey was comprised of brothers Gill B. Causey and Joseph G. Causey, whose grandfather and father were successful builders and real estate developers. 13 The firm of Causey & Rhodes, the predecessor firm to Causey & Causey, was comprised of Gill B. Causey and Frank Rhodes, Jr. Established in the mid-1940s, Causey and Rhodes continued to work together over the course of 55 years. 14 It appears that Causey & Causey and Causey & Rhodes may have used their firm names interchangeably over the course of their partnerships. The following is a firm biography for Causey & Causey as prepared for a historic resource evaluation of another one of their buildings along North Central Avenue in Glendale:

The firm of Causey & Rhodes had a successful business operation developing, leasing and operating commercial buildings. Their projects and investments included development of the Crenshaw Medical Center in the 1950s, Glendale's Garden Homes, a mid-century apartment complex and Glendale Fashion Center in the 1960s with partner Richard Daugherty. In the 1970s they developed medical office buildings in Newport Center in Orange County. They hired others to design buildings while they sometimes handled the construction contracting and subsequently managed the leasing of the buildings. Causey & Rhodes can be considered successful land developers with full professional careers but their careers and the buildings they developed are typical of the success of land developers during the period they were active. Their buildings did not influence the commercial development patterns or the architectural style of commercial 11 Historic Resources Group, "Cultural Resources of the Recent Past Historic Context Report," City of Pasadena, 2007. 12 "Advertisement: Pasadena's Finest Cooperative Apartments," Los Angeles Times, November 11, 1962. 13 Bob Howard, "Winning OK for Hillside Plan Is an Uphill Battle for Gregg," Los Angeles Times, August 17, 1999. 14 "Obituary: Frank Alexander Rhodes, Jr.," Los Angeles Times, August 17, 2009.

DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013)
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Property Name: Glendale Garden Homes

development or influence the urban form of Glendale in the post-World War Il commercial building boom of Glendale's central business district. 15 California Register of Historic Resources Evaluation
Criterion A/1: Events
Constructed in 1957, the subject building falls into an established pattern of development as a post-World War Il multi-family apartment in nearby South Glendale as it appears that the 1950s-1960s was the height of apartment building in that particular neighborhood. However, this portion of unincorporated Los Angeles County became incorporated into Glendale by 1950. This general area appears to have had a single-family residence and open, undeveloped surrounding land prior to the construction of Glendale Garden Homes and its surrounding residential buildings.

While the subject property's development parallels the neighboring South Glendale's more clearly defined and identified pattern of development, it's construction within its own West Glendale neighborhood is not individually significant or exemplary to the area for its association with post-World War II residential development expansion, as there were many newly developed residential buildings constructed by prospective developers looking to capitalize by constructing income-generating properties during this period of expansion. The subject property as a residential building constructed during the larger Glendale construction boom following the war does not rise to a level of individual significance necessary for listing on the National Register, California Register, or Glendale Register. As a result, the subject property is recommended ineligible for listing under National Register Criterion A, California Register Criterion 1, and Glendale Criterion 1.

Criterion B/2: Significant Persons
There are no owners or tenants that have been identified as significantly contributing to the history of national, state, regional, or city-wide history while residing at or during the construction of the subject property. J.E. Hoeft who later became the founder of the Glendale Federal Savings and Loan and early developer/owner Joseph G. Causey lived here for brief periods, but not during their active years. Civic leader Hoeft lived at the apartment building for two years from 1965 to 1968, roughly six years after the Glendale Federal Savings and Loan building was constructed downtown in 1959. City directories indicate that Hoeft resided at other locations for longer periods of time. Developer Causey resided here in the 1990s, likely in his senior years. Research did not uncover any additional significant tenants or owners associated with the subject property. Therefore, the subject property is recommended ineligible for listing under National Register Criterion B, California Register Criterion 2, nor Glendale Register Criterion 2. 15 David Kaplan, "540, 607, 633 North Central Avenue, 317-327 West Doran Street Glendale, California: Historic Resource Evaluation," Kaplan Chen Kaplan, 2013.

DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013)
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Property Name: Glendale Garden Homes

Criterion C/3: Design/Construction
The Glendale Garden Home apartments are reflective of the later stylistic evolution of a garden apartment in Los Angeles County, with its higher emphasis on unit count than open space, more traditional suburban landscaping that included tropical plantings as opposed to native plants, and ample character defining features including: its architectural modesty, lack of ornamentation, location of building entrances oriented to face the courtyard, and parking and vehicular circulation along the perimeter of the site plan.

The subject property was not the earliest of its style or type and did not set a trend within Glendale, as the style was prevalent by this point with character-defining features and design motifs that had been utilized and translated on many multi-family apartment complexes by this period. The property was built in a period past the height of the garden-style apartment trend in Los Angeles County, as the style was already waning by the time of construction.

Limited written information was found about the firm accredited to the property's design, Norwood & DeLonge (also spelled DeLong) based in San Marino. Glendale Garden Homes does not appear to be significant within their larger breadth of work, which ranges from the early 1950s through the early 1970s and includes apartment buildings, single-family residences, and commercial buildings. Contractors Causey & Causey appear to have constructed many buildings in the Los Angeles area, and were also listed as income builders, brokers, realtors, having developed many properties in the Glendale and Los Angeles area during this period and in the decades prior. The design of this property does not appear to be notable within Causey & Causey's body of work either. The identified contractors and designers do not appear to have been important on a larger national, state, or local level for achieving success or recognition in their respective fields for their association with this subject property.

As noted in Glendale's "Design Guidelines for Residential Buildings in Adopted Historic Districts," there were many apartment buildings built during the post-World War II era. The subject property does not rise to a level of significance for listing on the National Register, California Register, or local Glendale Register as an exemplary individual example of a garden apartment. Further, more prominent, unique, and notable examples of garden apartments have been identified for their design innovation and nuance, and for their association with notable mid-century architects, designers, and landscape architects and designers.

Therefore, the subject property is recommended ineligible for listing under National Register Criterion C and California Register Criterion 3.

Criterion D/4: Data Potential
While most often applied to archaeological districts and sites, Criterion D/4 can also apply to buildings, structures, and objects that contain important information. In order for these types of properties to be eligible under Criterion D/4, they themselves must be, or must have been, the principal source of the important information. The subject property, at 1303 North Central Avenue, does not appear to yield significant information that would expand our current knowledge or theories of design, methods of construction, operation, or other information that is not already known about the period of significance of DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013)
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the Residence, its method of construction, or its design. Therefore, the subject property is recommended ineligible for listing under National Register Criterion D California Register Criterion 4, or Glendale Register Criterion 4.

Early Heritage
The proposed historic resource exemplifies the early heritage of the city. (Ord. 5784 § 7, 2012; Ord. 5347 § 7, 2003: Ord. 5110 § 12, 1996: prior code § 21-02).

The subject area was developed to the immediate south, yet largely undeveloped to the immediate north and east by 1950. As the subject area appeared to be more rural in character around the time of construction, it remained part of unincorporated Los Angeles County until sometime in the mid-20th century. While the Glendale was a town since the 1880s, and became incorporated in 1906, the subject property's mid-20th century construction does not exemplify the early heritage of Glendale. As such, the subject property is not a proposed historic resources that exemplifies the early heritage of the city and is recommended ineligible for listing under this local criterion.

District
To be considered a district contributor, a geographically linked grouping of properties under either identified theme (Post-World War I! Multi-Family Residential Development or garden apartments) must be present. The subject property is located to the west of North Central Avenue, to the south of West Kenneth Road, and to the north of West Stocker Street. Development in the immediate subject property area includes single-family homes from the mid-20th century to the west, several 21st century apartment buildings to the east, and a few mid-20th century apartments to the north and east, with commercial businesses to the south along North Central Avenue. The general residential character of the area remains, with and North Brand Boulevard continuing as a main artery of the neighborhood. As such, there does not appear to be a pattern of development related to post-World War Il multi-family residences, or garden apartments in the immediate surrounding area that would warrant this area eligible as a potential historic district. As such, the subject property was not identified as a contributor to a potential district.

Conclusion
The subject property was evaluated under the following historical and architectural themes identified in the neighboring South Glendale Historic Context Statement (2014) and the Garden Apartments of Los Angeles Historic Context Statement (2012): Post-World War II Multi-Family Residential Development (1945-1979), Community Planning and Development: Garden City Planning Principles (1937-1955), and Designed Landscapes (1937-1955).

DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013)
State of California • Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI #
Trinomial

CONTINUATION SHEET
Property Name: Glendale Garden Homes

ESA also conducted research on the subject property's construction and occupancy history. ESA evaluated the subject property against the criteria for the National Register, California Register, and the Glendale Register. ESA found the subject property individually ineligible under the applicable federal, state, and local criteria for its historic and architectural associations, and as a contributor to a potential district.

As a result of the evaluation, the subject property is not considered a historical resource in accordance with CEQA. ESA also recommends that the subject property be assigned a California Historic Resource (CHR) Status Code of 6Z, noting it is ineligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (National Register or NR), California Register of Historical Resources (California Register or CR), and local designation, through survey evaluation.
*B12. References (continued):
"Advertisement: Glendale Garden Homes." Los Angeles Times, March 23, 1958. "Advertisement: Open Today, Sunday." The Los Angeles Times, August 25, 1957. "Advertisement: Pasadena's Finest Cooperative Apartments." Los Angeles Times, November 11, 1962.

Ancestry.com. U.S. Census, California Voter Registration, California Death Index, City Directory, and Street Address Directory records.

Architectural Resources Group. "Design Guidelines for Residential Buildings in Adopted Historic Districts." City of Glendale, N.D., 10.

Architectural Resources Group. "Garden Apartments of Los Angeles: Historic Context Statement." Los Angeles Conservancy, 2012.

City of Glendale. "Glendale Register of Historic Resources," 2015.

City of Glendale. General Plan, Historic Preservation Element. September 1997.

City of Glendale. Historic Preservation Ordinance. Internet Resource. http://qcode.us/codes/glendale/view.php?topic=15-15_20&frames=on Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), 36 § 60.2.

Codified in California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 11.5, Section 4852©. http://ohp.parks.ca.gov EP Associates. Letter titled: "Supplemental Information Historic Assessment Glendale Garden Homes 1301, 1311, and 1315 North Central Avenue Glendale, California," to Timothy Foy, Senior Planner, City of Glendale, April 26, 2005.

Glossary of National Register Terms.
http://www.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/nrb16a/nrb16a_appendix_IV.htm. Accessed June 1, 2013.

DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013)
State of California • Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI #
Trinomial

CONTINUATION SHEET
Property Name: Glendale Garden Homes

"Guidelines for Completing National Register Forms." in National Register Bulletin 16, U.S. Department of Interior, National Park Service, 1977, Revised 1997.

Historic Resources Group. "City of Glendale: South Glendale Historic Context Statement." City of Glendale, ed. 2018.
__ "Cultural Resources of the Recent Past Historic Context Report." City of Pasadena, 2007. -. "Draft South Glendale Historic Resources Survey." Prepared for the City of Glendale, 2017.

Howard, Bob. "Winning OK for Hillside Plan Is an Uphill Battle for Gregg." Los Angeles Times, August 17, 1999.

Kaplan, David. "540, 607, 633 North Central Avenue, 317-327 West Doran Street Glendale, California:

Historic Resource Evaluation." Kaplan Chen Kaplan, 2013.

National Park Service. National Register Bulletin 15: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. Washington DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Interagency Resources Division, 1990, rev. 1991.

National Park Service. National Register Bulletin 16: Guidelines for Completing National Register Forms.

Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, 1997.

National Register Bulletin 15: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. http://www.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/pdfs/nrb15.pdf. Accessed July 7, 2013. "Obituary: Frank Alexander Rhodes, Jr." Los Angeles Times, August 17, 2009.

Office of Historic Preservation. Instructions for Recording Historical Resources. March 1995.

Office of State Historic Preservation. California Historic Resources Inventory, Survey Workbook (excerpts). Sacramento, CA: State of California, 1986.

Parcher, Carroll W. Glendale Community Book. Glendale: John W. Akers, 1957.

DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013)
Appeal to Glendale City Council
November 7, 2024

Exhibit C
IMBM Jeffer Mangels
Butler & Mitchell up
imbm.com
72716056vl
CHRONICLE™ T: (626) 408-8006 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA
F: (602) 254-6280 55 East Huntington Drive, Suite 238
HERITAGE [email protected] Arcadia, California 91006 July 5, 2024
Mr. Greg Brody
BW Brody Affiliated Companies
1303-1315 North Central Avenue, Glendale, California
Peer Review Historic Assessment
Chronicle Heritage was engaged to conduct additional independent third-party research of the subject property. Relevant sources to inform this technical memorandum include a Historic Assessment Report for 1303 N Central Avenue prepared by Environmental Science Associates (ESA; 2019), the South Glendale Historic Context Statement (2014), Los Angeles Conservancy's Garden Apartments of Los Angeles, the Pacific Coast Architecture Database (PCAD), An Architectural Guidebook to Los Angeles, historic building permits, and ProQuest (Los Angeles Times and Los Angeles Sentinel). A site visit was conducted on May 17, 2023, by Ms. Carrie Chasteen, a fully qualified Architectural Historian, to document the current condition of the subject property using digital photography. This technical memorandum was prepared to peer review the conclusions of the ESA assessment that the subject property does not qualify for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (National Register), California Register of Historical Resources (California Register), or the City of Glendale Register of Historic Resources. EP Associates also evaluated the subject property; however, the findings were inconclusive.

Comparison with the two peer reviews revealed that the subject property does not qualify as a historical resource, confirming the findings and conclusions of the ESA assessment. An exhaustive survey by ESA determined that the subject property appears to be ineligible as a resource under applicable federal, state, and local criteria, which was assigned a California Historical Resource Status Code of 6Z, or "found ineligible for National Register, California Register, or local designation through survey evaluation." Furthermore, the subject property is located in the West Glendale Community Plan Area. A historic context statement and survey of the West Glendale Community Plan Area has not been completed to date. Therefore, the South Glendale Historic Context Statement, Post World War II Multi-Family Residential Development, 1945-1979 theme, and the Garden Apartments of Los Angeles Historic Context Statement prepared by Architectural Resources Group for the Los Angeles Conservancy in 2012, Residential Development and Suburbanization, 1937-1955 context; and Community Planning and Development Garden City Planning Principles, 1937-1955 themes were reviewed to establish eligibility criteria for the subject property. Additionally, the property was previously evaluated in 2004 by EP Associates. This 2004 assessment reviewed the history of the subject property, but did not reach a conclusion as to the subject property's qualifications for eligibility as a historic resource. The 2004 assessment has been reviewed and considered in the preparation of this technical memorandum.

Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California Introduction
The multi-family garden apartment complex known as Glendale Gardens was constructed in 1957.

The Glendale Gardens apartment complex was not listed on the City of Glendale Register of Historic Resources (Glendale Register), nor does it appear eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (National Register), California Register of Historical Resources (California Register), (Glendale Register), or as a contributor to a potential historic district. A historic resource assessment of the property was completed by EP Associates, however, this assessment was incomplete and did not reach a conclusion as to the subject propertys qualifications for eligibility as a historical resource. Furthermore, it appears the author of the EP Associates report did not meet the Secretary of the Interior professional qualification standards for architectural history. An updated historic resource assessment of the property was completed in 2019 by Environmental Science Associates (ESA; Alison Garcia Keller). The subject property is in the West Glendale Community Plan and based on the City's website, a context statement and property survey of the West Glendale Community Plan has not been completed. Therefore, the ESA historic resource assessment drew from the South Glendale Historic Context Statement and the Garden Apartments of Los Angeles Historic Context Statement prepared by Architectural Resources Group for the Los Angels Conservancy in October 2012 to establish eligibility criteria and period of significance for garden apartments. The ESA assessment determined that the subject property was not an eligible resource in the City. The ESA report concluded that the subject property did not appear to be eligible for listing in the National Register, California Register, or Glendale Register, or as a contributor to a potential historic district.

Chronicle Heritage. reviewed the available sources used to determine the eligibility of the subject property and agrees with ESA's conclusions that the subject property does not appear to be eligible for listing in the National Register, California Register, or Glendale Register, or as a contributor to a potential historic district. Therefore, the subject property is not considered to be a historical resource pursuant to Section 15064.5(a) of the CEQA Guidelines.

Methodology
Due diligence research for the subject property was conducted to determine whether or not prior studies or historical analyses identified the subject property as historically significant. The following resources were consulted:
• South Glendale Historic Context Statement (2014);
• Historic Resource Assessment 1303 N Central Avenue (2019); • Garden Apartments of Los Angeles Historic Context Statement (Architectural Resources Group 2012);
• State of California Office of Historic Preservation's Built Environment Resource Directory (BERD; 2022);
• Los Angeles Times (ProQuest); and
• City of Glendale historic building permits.
2 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California Evaluation Criteria
Federal
The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, defines the criteria to be considered eligible for listing in the National Register:

The quality of significance in American history, architecture, archeology, engineering, and culture is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association and
(A) that are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or
(B) that are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; or (C) that embody distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or
(D) that have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history (36 Code of Federal Regulations [CR] Section part 63).

According to National Register Bulletin No. 15, "to be eligible for listing in the National Register, a property must not only be shown to be significant under National Register criteria, but it also must have integrity." Integrity is defined in National Register Bulletin No. 15 as "the ability of a property to convey its significance." National Register Bulletin 15 states, "To be listed in the National Register of Historic Places, a property must not only be shown to be significant under the National Register criteria, but it also must have integrity. The evaluation of integrity is sometimes a subjective judgment, but it must always be grounded in an understanding of a property's physical features and how they relate to its significance."' Within the concept of integrity, the National Register recognizes the following seven aspects or qualities that in various combinations define integrity:
location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association.

State of California
Section 5024.1(c), Title 14 CCR, Section 4852 of the California Public Resources Code defines the criteria to be considered eligible for listing in the California Register:

A resource may be listed as an historical resource in the California Register if it meets any of the following [ National Register ] criteria:

National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. 2017. "How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation." National Register Bulletin. Available at: https://www.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/nrb15/ National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. 2017. "How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation." National Register Bulletin. Available at: https://www.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/nrb15/ 3 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California (1) Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California's history and cultural heritage; (2) Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past; (3) Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values; or
(4) Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.

Section 4852(C) of the California Code of Regulations defines integrity as follows:

Integrity is the authenticity of an historical resource's physical identity evidenced by the survival of characteristics that existed during the resource's period of significance. Historical resources eligible for listing in the California Register must meet one of the criteria of significance described in section 4852(b) of this chapter and retain enough of their historic character or appearance to be recognizable as historical resources and to convey the reasons for their significance. Historical resources that have been rehabilitated or restored may be evaluated for listing.

Integrity is evaluated with regard to the retention of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. It must also be judged with reference to the particular criteria under which a resource is proposed for eligibility. Alterations over time to a resource or historic changes in its use may themselves have historical, cultural, or architectural significance.

City of Glendale Register of Historic Resources

15.20.050 Findings for Listing Resources in the Glendale Register of Historic Resources Upon recommendation of the historic preservation commission, City Council shall consider and make findings for additions to the Glendale Register of Historic Resources. The designation of any resource that is proposed for inclusion in the Glendale Register of Historic Resources as a designated historic resource shall be granted only if City council first finds that the resource meets one (1) or more of the following criteria:
(A) The resource is identified with important events in national, state, or city history, or exemplifies significant contributions to the broad cultural, political, economic, social, tribal, or historic heritage of the nation, state, or city, and retains historic integrity.
(B) The resource is associated with a person, persons, or groups who significantly contributed to the history of the nation, state, region, or city, and retains historic integrity.
(C) The resource embodies the distinctive and exemplary characteristics of an architectural style, architectural type, period, or method of construction; or represents a notable work of a master designer, builder, or architect whose genius California Office of Historic Preservation. 1999. California State Law and Historic Preservation, 4853 (c), p.66. 4 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California influenced his or her profession; or possesses high artistic values and retains historic integrity.
(D) D. The resource has yielded, or has the potential to yield, information important to archaeological pre-history or history of the nation, state, region, or city, and retains historic integrity. (Ord. 5949 § 6, 2020; Ord. 5784 § 7, 2012; Ord. 5347 § 7, 2003; Ord. 5110 § 12, 1996; prior code § 21-02) Historic District Overlay Zone

30.25.020 Historic District Overlay Zone Designation Criteria A geographic area may be designated as a historic district overlay zone by the city council upon the recommendation of the historic preservation commission and planning commission if the district meets one or more of the following criteria:
(A) Exemplifies or reflects special elements of the city's cultural, social, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering, architectural, or natural history; (B) Is identified with persons or events significant in local, state, or national history; (C) Embodies distinctive characteristics of a style, type, period, method of construction, or is a valuable example of the use of indigenous materials or craftsmanship;
(D) Represents the work of notable builders, designers, or architects; (E) Has a unique location or is a view or vista representing an established and familiar visual feature of a neighborhood community or of the city; (F) Embodies a collection of elements of architectural design, detail, materials, or craftsmanship that represent a significant structural or architectural achievement or innovation;
(G) Reflects significant geographical patterns, including those associated with different eras of settlement and growth, transportation modes, or distinctive examples of park or community planning;
(H) Conveys a sense of historic and architectural cohesiveness through its design, setting, materials, workmanship, or association; and/or (1) Has been designated a historic district in the National Register or the California Register. (Ord. 5949 § 30, 2020; Ord. 5399 Attach. A, 2004) Site Visit
A site visit was conducted to photo document the buildings and their setting (Figures 1-8). Based on ESA's assessment that included photographs of all the buildings, site, and setting, the current state of the subject property appears as it did in the 2019 ESA assessment. The Glendale Gardens apartments are comprised of three buildings, a cabana, and detached carport. The subject property faces east on to N Central Avenue. The buildings are clad in stucco and have low-pitched hip roofs.

The building facades also contain horizontal sections of wood clapboard siding and window trim.

The windows throughout the buildings are a combination of metal casement, jalousie, and sliders.

Additional features include wood balcony guard railings, metal security fencing, concrete walkways, 5 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California brick, and stone planters. The subject property features numerous shrubs and trees that line the concrete walkways and are abutted to ground floor units. Resident parking is located on the perimeter of each building and is also tucked under the units.

Figure 1. 1303-1311 North Central Avenue (view southwest) 6 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California 1302

GLENDALE GARDEN
Figure 2. 1303 N Central Avenue (view southwest)
1303
1311
1315
Figure 3. 1311 N Central Avenue (highlighted in red)
7 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California

CENTRAL
1303

CENTRAL
Figure 4. 1303-1315 N Central Avenue Site Map.

Figure 5. Common area concrete walkway and landscape.
8 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California Figure 6. Red Arrow Points to 1315 N Central Avenue.

Figure 7. Swimming pool and cabana.

Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California Figure 8. Detached carport.

Evaluation and Analysis of ESA Assessment
In order to objectively assess the subject property, it was important to establish the appropriate context(s) and evaluation criteria. The ESA historic resource assessment's description of the subject property and newspaper advertisements identify the subject property as a Garden Apartment. The City does not provide a criterion of eligibility for Garden Apartments specifically, and the Garden Apartment of Los Angeles Historic Context Statement by Architectural Resources Group was utilized in order to identify a period of significance for Garden Apartments. The ESA document indicates the Architectural Resources Group established the period of significance for Garden Apartments as 1937-1955. Additionally, the ESA document utilized the South Glendale Historic Context to evaluate the building within the context of Post World War I! Multi-Family Residential Development, 1945-1979.

Los Angeles Garden Apartments (1937-1955)
This section was adapted from the Garden Apartments of Los Angeles Historic Context Statement to establish criteria of eligibility regarding Garden Apartment developments and designs for the purposes of evaluating the subject property.
4 Los Angeles Conservancy. October 2012. Garden Apartments of Los Angeles Historic Context Statement, pp.3-4.

Prepared by: Architectural Resources Group, Inc., Pasadena, CA. Available at:
10 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California Planned and constructed in Los Angeles between 1937 and approximately 1955, garden apartment complexes generally consist of concentrations of similar multi- unit buildings situated on a large - and often irregularly shaped - property.

Complexes range in size from just a few acres to more than a hundred. Though some of Los Angeles's preeminent architects designed garden apartments at mid- century, the buildings themselves are typically (and deliberately) architecturally modest. Emphasis is placed, rather, on site plan and landscape; the designers relied on color, texture, planting plan, light and shadow to create visual interest.

Building entrances face landscaped courtyards rather than the street, and parking and vehicular circulation is relegated to the perimeter of the site plan or within garage courts separate from pedestrian areas. Large, expansive green space is common; typically, there are one or two large courtyards or greens at the nucleus of the complexes available to all residents. Garden apartments vary in appearance, size and plan; however, the following character-defining features epitomize the property type in its purest expression:
• Superblock site plan, which deviates from the rectilinear urban grid by combining multiple city blocks or parcels into a single property
• Three acres in size or greater
• Low-slung buildings, rarely exceeding two stories in height • Elimination of common interior corridors
• Repetition of nearly identical building models throughout the plan • Stylistic simplicity; buildings are usually minimal in appearance with a lack of stylistic details and ornament
• Primary building entrances face common courtyards rather than the street • Parking at the perimeter of the site plan, typically in detached, enclosed garage buildings or garage courts
• One or more large open spaces, or greens, located at the interior of the site plan, around which buildings are arranged
• Recreational amenities planned to help foster community • Variety of landscape, often native or drought tolerant; low shrubs used to delineate outdoor "rooms;" allées; mature trees and the use of climbing vines to add visual interest to buildings
South Glendale Historic Context5
This section was adapted from the City Glendale, South Glendale Historic Context Statement. https://www.laconservancy.org/sites/default/files/files/documents/Garden%20Apartment%20Context%20State ment.pdf
5 City of Glendale. 30 September 2014. City of Glendale: South Glendale Historic Context Statement, pp.99-100.

Prepared by: Historic Resources Group, Pasadena, CA. Available at: https://www.gregcolley.com/wp- content/uploads/2019/07/South-Glendale-Historic-Context.pdf 11 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California Post-World War I! Multi-family Residential Development (1945-1979): Integrity Considerations. In order to be eligible for listing at the federal or state levels, a property must retain sufficient integrity to convey its historic significance under the Post-World War I! Multi-Family Residential Development theme. The Glendale Municipal Code does not specifically address integrity; however, standard preservation practice requires that a property retain the ability to convey its significance in order to be eligible for designation.

Criteria Required Aspects of Integrity
A/1/1 (Event) A property that is significant for its historic association is eligible if it retains the essential physical features that made up its character or appearance during the period of its association with the important event, historical pattern, or person(s). A multi-family residential property from this period eligible under Criteria A/1/1 (Event) should retain integrity of location, design, workmanship, materials, and feeling, at a minimum, in order to reflect the important association with the city's residential development during this period. A property that has lost some historic materials or details can be eligible if it retains the majority of the features that illustrate its style in terms of the massing, spatial relationships, proportion, pattern of windows and doors, texture of materials, and ornamentation. The property is not eligible, however, if it retains some basic features conveying massing but has lost the majority of the features that once characterized its style. 226 B/2/2 (Person) A multi-family residential property significant under Criterion B/2/2 (Person) should retain integrity of location, design, workmanship, and feeling, at a minimum, in order to convey the historic association with a significant person.

C/3/3( Architecture) A property important for illustrating a particular architectural style or construction technique must retain most of the physical features that constitute that style or technique. A multi-family residential property significant under Criterion C/3/3 (Architecture) should retain integrity of design, workmanship, materials, and feeling, at a minimum, in order to be eligible for its architectural merit. A property that has lost some historic materials or details can be eligible if it retains the majority of the features that illustrate its style in terms of the massing, spatial relationships, proportion, pattern of windows and doors, texture of materials, and ornamentation. The property is not eligible, however, if it retains some basic features conveying massing but has lost the majority of the features that once characterized its style.

Post-World War I! Multi-family Residential Development (1945-1979): Registration Requirements To be eligible under the Post-World War I| Multi-family Residential Development (1945-1979) theme, a property must:
• Date from the period of significance;
• Represent a unique or rare type of multi-family residential development; or be the first or best example of a multi-family property type in South Glendale; or • Represent an ethnic group important to Glendale's history; • Display most of the character-defining features of the property type or style; and 12 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California • Retain the essential aspects of integrity for listing in the National or California Registers.

The ESA evaluation concludes that the subject property appears to be ineligible for listing in the National Register, California Register, or Glendale Register, or as a contributor to a potential historic district.

ESA found the subject property ineligible under Criteria A/1/1 under the applicable theme of post-World War I! Multi-Family Residential Development (1945-1979); ineligible under Criteria B/2/2, as no persons were identified that met the threshold of significance; ineligible under Criteria C/3/3 as a garden style apartment; ineligible under Criteria D/4/4 as it is unlikely to yield any important information; and finally ineligible under Glendale Register Criterion 5 as it is not a significant historic resource that exemplifies the early heritage of the city.® The ESA document points out that the subject property was constructed during the period of significance for post-WWII residential development in the context specific to development in South Glendale. According to the South Glendale Historic Context Statement, multi-family residential development was at its peak during the 1950s and '60s. However, without a context statement specifically identifying a period of significance for multi-family residential development in the West Glendale Community Plan, it can only be assumed that multi-family residential development occurred at the same rate in that area of the City. Regarding residential development in the West Glendale area, ESA states:

This portion of unincorporated Los Angeles County became incorporated into Glendale by 1950. This general area appears to have had a single-family residence and open, undeveloped surrounding land prior to the construction of Glendale Garden Homes and its surrounding residential buildings.? The development of the subject property appears to coincide with the established period of development that was identified in the South Glendale Historic Context Statement. However, the development of the subject property does not appear to be an excellent example of a post-World War II multi-family residential development. According to the ESA document, Construction within its own West Glendale neighborhood is not individually significant or exemplary to the area for its association with post-World War I| residential development expansion, as there were many newly developed residential buildings constructed by prospective developers looking to capitalize by constructing income-generating properties during this period of expansion.

A review of newspaper articles revealed that the residential construction boom was an event that was not unique to Glendale. Post-World War Il development was an event that took place throughout Los Angeles County and the development of the subject property took place 12 years after the war ended. The development of the subject property does not appear to be unique to Environmental Science Associates. June 2019. "Historic Resource Assessment Report for 1303 N. Central Avenue Draft," p.48.
7 Environmental Science Associates. June 2019. "Historic Resource Assessment Report for 1303 N. Central Avenue Draft, p.48.
8 Environmental Science Associates. June 2019. "Historic Resource Assessment Report for 1303 N. Central Avenue Draft," p.48.
13 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California broad patterns of development that occurred throughout major cities in the country, state, or region.

Additionally, the use of the Garden Apartments of Los Angeles Historic Context Statement to identify a period of significance was key regarding the eligibility of the subject property. The ESA document, building permits, and newspaper advertisements indicate that the subject property was constructed in 1957. Based on Garden Apartments of Los Angeles Context the period of significance for Garden Apartments was 1937-1955. The subject property was constructed shortly after but beyond the period of significance.

Therefore, Chronicle Heritage agrees with ESA's conclusion that the subject property does not appear to be individually eligible for listing in the National Register, California Register, or Glendale Register pursuant to Criterion A/1/1.

According to the ESA assessment, the subject property does not appear to be associated with the lives of persons significant in our past and does appear to be eligible for listing in the National Register, California Register, or Glendale Register pursuant to Criterion B/2/2. Based on a review of the correspondence between EP Associates and the City Planning Division in 2005, the 2004 EP Associates assessment suggests that the one-time resident of Glendale Gardens apartments was J.E. Hoeft. According to EP Associates and the ESA assessment, Hoeft founded Glendale Savings and Loan. However, Hoeft apparently resided at the subject property between 1967 and 1968.

According to the National Register Bulletin No. 15: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation:

Properties eligible under Criterion B are usually those associated with a person's productive life, reflecting the time period when he or she achieved significance.

Since Hoeft resided at the subject property for less than two years, it does not appear that the subject property is closely associated with his productive life nor reflects a time when he achieved significance. The Glendale Savings and Loan building located at 401 N Brand Blvd that was constructed in 1959 is more clearly associated with the period Hoeft achieved significance and his productive life.

ESA also identified that the developer of the subject property resided at the apartment for a short time during his senior years between 1993 and 1997. There was no information in the ESA assessment and Ancestry databases that identify Causey as a resident during the productive years of his life as a building contractor.

Therefore, Chronicle Heritage concurs with ESA's conclusion that the subject property does not appear eligible for listing in the National Register, California Register, or Glendale Register pursuant to Criterion B/2/2.

According to ESA's assessment, the subject property does not appear to be eligible for listing in the National Register, California Register, or Glendale Register pursuant to Criterion C.

The ESA assessment states:

The Glendale Garden Home apartments are reflective of the later stylistic evolution of a garden apartment in Los Angeles County, with its higher emphasis on unit count than open space, more traditional suburban landscaping that included tropical plantings as opposed to native plants, and ample character-defining 9 US Department of The Interior. 1995. National Register Bulletin No.15: How to Apply Register Criteria for Evaluation.

Available at: https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/upload/NRB-15_web508.pdf 14 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California features including: its architectural modesty, lack of ornamentation, location of building entrances oriented to face the courtyard, and parking and vehicular circulation along the perimeter of the site plan.'
The subject property was not the earliest of its style or type and did not set a trend within Glendale, as the style was prevalent by this point with character-defining features and design motifs that had been utilized and translated on many multi- family apartment complexes by this period. The property was built in a period past the height of the garden-style apartment trend in Los Angeles County, as the style was already waning by the time of construction."
The ESA assessment clearly states that the subject property was not a unique building design that significantly represents the period of significance. In fact, a review of the Garden Apartments of Los Angeles Historic Context Statement revealed that the period of significance was 1937-1955.

ESA makes the claim that by 1957, Garden Apartment designs were waning. When in fact, the subject property was designed and constructed after the period of significance had ended. A period of significance specific to Garden Apartments was not formally identified in the South Glendale Historic Context Statement, but the Garden Apartments of Los Angeles Historic Context Statement also includes notable Garden Apartment development within their established period of significance throughout the greater Los Angeles County area. Therefore, it is safe to assert that the period established by Architectural Resources Group remains applicable to Garden Apartment development in Glendale as well.

The ESA assessment also states:

Limited written information was found about the firm accredited to the property's design, Norwood & DeLonge (also spelled DeLong) based in San Marino. Glendale Garden Homes does not appear to be significant within their larger breadth of work, which ranges from the early 1950s through the early 1970s and includes apartment buildings, single-family residences, and commercial buildings. Contractors Causey & Causey appear to have constructed many buildings in the Los Angeles area, and were also listed as income builders, brokers, realtors, having developed many properties in the Glendale and Los Angeles area during this period and in the decades prior. The design of this property does not appear to be notable within Causey & Causey's body of work either. The identified contractors and designers do not appear to have been important on a larger national, state, or local level for achieving success or recognition in their respective fields for their association with this subject property.!
An additional review of historical newspaper articles confirmed ESA's findings regarding Norwood & Delonge. It appears that the firm of Norwood & Delonge worked on a variety of projects that included many single-family residences in Los Angeles and Orange counties. However, newspaper advertisements for the subject property do not mention the design being the work of Norwood & Delonge as a selling point. Additional newspaper articles identify single-family residences that 10 Environmental Science Associates. June 2019. "Historic Resource Assessment Report for 1303 N. Central Avenue Draft," p.49.
11 Environmental Science Associates. June 2019. "Historic Resource Assessment Report for 1303 N. Central Avenue Draft, p.49.
12 Environmental Science Associates. June 2019. "Historic Resource Assessment Report for 1303 N. Central Avenue Draft," p.49.
15 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California were designed and sometimes built by Norwood & Delonge. Several articles from 1957 identify a "research house" that was designed by John C. Lindsay and built by Norwood & Delonge as a significant project in the community of La Cañada Flintridge. Due to no mention of Norwood & Delonge's association with the subject property design in newspaper advertisements and several advertisements for their single-family designs in the area, Chronicle Heritage concurs with ESA's assertion that the subject property is not the best representation of Norwood & Delonge's body of Causey & Causey also appears in numerous newspaper advertisements and were associated with various construction projects. Newspaper advertisements for Causey & Causey also identify the firm as a one-stop shop builder and broker. The South Glendale Historic Context reveals that during the period of post-World War II development, there was a large amount of building expansion that was taken on by prospective building contractors. Causey & Causey appears to be one of many construction companies that took advantage of commercial and residential expansion. ESA asserts that the subject property was not a substantial or excellent example of the body of work associated with Causey & Causey. Therefore, it appears that the subject property was not the work of a master architect and builder.

The Glendale Design Guidelines for residential buildings4 indicates that there were many apartments constructed during the post-World War Il residential development period. The subject property does not appear to be a significant design concept in the City among the dozens of apartments that were constructed during the post-war period in addition to being constructed beyond the period of significance established for garden apartments.

Chronicle Heritage concurs with ESA's assessment of the subject property. Therefore, the subject property does not appear to be eligible for listing in the National Register, California Register, or Glendale Register pursuant to Criterion C/3/3.

The subject property does not appear to yield significant information that would expand our current knowledge or theories of design, methods of construction, operation, or other information that is not already known about the period of significance of the subject property, its method of construction, or its design. Therefore, the subject property does not appear to be eligible for listing in the National Register, California Register, or Glendale Register pursuant to Criterion D/4/4.

ESA indicated that the subject property does not appear to be associated with the early heritage of the City. The City was founded in the 1880s and was formally incorporated in 1906. Due to the building being constructed in 1957, it does not have an association with the early heritage of the City. There was no additional information reviewed to assert that the subject property was associated with the early heritage and development of the City. Therefore, Chronicle Heritage agrees with ESA's findings.

District
The ESA assessment indicates:
13 "Be an Eye Witness to the Years Most Significant Home Building Project: Now Open Research House Furnished and Decorated by Barker Bros." 17 November 1957. Independent Star News Pasadena, p. 18. 14 City of Glendale. Adopted 29 November 2011. Comprehensive Design Guidelines x City of Glendale, CA. Available at:
https://www.glendaleca.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/666/635229282603670000 16 Historic Preservation Services for 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, Glendale, California To be considered a district contributor, a geographically linked grouping of properties under either identified theme (Post-World War I! Multi-Family Residential Development or garden apartments) must be present. The subject property is located to the west of North Central Avenue, to the south of West Kenneth Road, and to the north of West Stocker Street. Development in the immediate subject property includes single-family homes from the mid-20th century to the west, several 21st century apartment buildings to the east, and a few mid-20th century apartments to the north and east, with commercial businesses to the south along North Central Avenue. The general residential character of the area remains, with North Brand Boulevard continuing as a main artery of the neighborhood. As such, there does not appear to be a pattern of development related to post-World War Il multi-family residences, or garden apartments in the immediate surrounding area that would warrant this area eligible as a potential historic district. As such, the subject property was not identified as a contributor to a potential district. '5
Upon further review of the surrounding development histories and design styles of the neighboring buildings with information provided from the Los Angeles County Assessor and Google Map images, and a site survey of the setting, the neighboring buildings do not represent nor convey a sense of historic and architectural cohesiveness through their design, setting, materials, or workmanship. Furthermore, the 1300 block of N Central Avenue, which includes 1303-1315 N Central Avenue, has not been designated as a historic district in the National Register or California Register (Ord. 5949 § 30, 2020; Ord. 5399 Attach. A, 2004).

Conclusion
ESA concluded that the subject property does not appear to be individually eligible for listing in the National Register, California Register, or Glendale Register, or as a contributor to a potential historic district. The subject property is not considered to be a historical resource pursuant to Section 15064.5(a) of the CEOA Guidelines. Upon review of the ESA assessment, historic context statements provided by the City of Glendale and Garden Apartments of Los Angeles Historic Context Statement, City building permits, and historical newspaper articles; Chronicle Heritage concurs with the findings in the ESA assessment and concludes that the subject property does not appear to be individually eligible for listing in the National Register, California Register, or Glendale Register, or as a contributor to a potential historic district. The subject property is not considered to be a historical resource pursuant to Section 15064.5(a) of the CEQA Guidelines.

Sincerely,

CHRONICLE HERITAGE
Came Chatter
Carrie Chasteen, M.S. | Senior Architectural Historian
15 Ibid., 50.