Documents Received
After Published
Agenda
PH 24-034
Public Hearing No. 3 to Receive Input
from the Community on City Council
Districts to be Established for District-
Based Elections Beginning in 2026 and
Provide Initial Direction to
Demographer Regarding Draft Maps
FW: Maps showing 2020 Census data for Hayward City blocks, by race/ethnicity; leading race; second leading race.1 message Districting <[email protected]> Fri, May 31, 2024 at 3:44 PMTo: HaywardDistricting <[email protected]> CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe. ________________________________________From: Charles Purvis Sent: Friday, May 31, 2024 2:33:32 PM (UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)To: Districting; List-Mayor-CouncilSubject: Maps showing 2020 Census data for Hayward City blocks, by race/ethnicity; leading race; second leading race.
CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
Mayor and City Council, and Districting Consultant:
Attached are several maps showing 2020 Census block-level population by race/ethnicity.
Separate maps for shown for:
1. Hispanic/Latino2. White (non-hispanic)3. Black (non-hispanic)4. Asian (non-hispanic) and5. Native Hawaiian / Pacific Islander (non-hispanic)..
Two additional maps show the leading (plurality, most prevalent) race/ethnicity group by block level, and the second leading race/ethnicity group. Earlier versions of these two maps wereshown at the May 28th Council Meeting.
All of these maps are “Dorling Cartograms.” They’re like graduated symbol/bubble maps, but the Dorling algorithms “push”(or repel) each of the symbols/bubbles away from each other sothat they don’t overlap.
I hope this is of use to the City! I will be out-of-country and will return June 12th. If I can be of further assistance, please let me know.
SincerelyChuck PurvisHayward, CA
7 attachments
hayward_nhopi_dorling_cartogram_1_2020.pdf1372K
hayward_leading_race_dorling_cartogram_vers3_2020.pdf1406K hayward_hispanic_dorling_cartogram_1_2020.pdf1390K
hayward_asian_dorling_cartogram_1_2020.pdf1481K
hayward_2nd_leading_race_dorling_cartogram_vers3_2020.pdf1021K hayward_white_dorling_cartogram_1_2020.pdf1497K
hayward_black_dorling_cartogram_1_2020.pdf1378K
FW: Hayward District Formation - New submission from Contact Us Districting <[email protected]> Thu, Jun 13, 2024 at 7:47 PMTo: HaywardDistricting <[email protected]> CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
From: Sent: Thursday, June 13, 2024 6:47:49 PM (UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)To: ; Districting<[email protected]>Subject: Hayward District Formation - New submission from Contact Us CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
Name
Julie Machado
Email
Message
Hello. I used your map drawing tool to draw a map of our neighborhood, and I see reference to submitting it, but I see no instructions or method on HOW TO SUBMIT IT. Please advise, andplease make that more clear for future people using this tool. Thank you.
FW: Districting - My Neighborhood Map1 message
Districting <[email protected]> Thu, Jun 13, 2024 at 8:08 PMTo: HaywardDistricting <[email protected]> CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
From: Julie Machado Sent: Thursday, June 13, 2024 7:07:53 PM (UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)To: [email protected] <[email protected]>; Districting <[email protected]>Subject: Districting - My Neighborhood Map CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
Hello. Please see my map of my neighborhood, per your request.
I have feedback about your map-drawing tool: it was adequate enough, but there was no clear way on how to submit a map to you. If you really wantpeople to submit these things, you have to make it clear how to do so. I had to ask a reporter, and it was frustrating.
Sincerely,
Julie Machado
Prospect Area Neighborhood Map MyCACommunity_061420244615.pdf217K
Export Date: 06/13/2024 18:44
Describe your community
Give your community a name*
Prospect Area Neighborhood
Tell us about your community. What are your shared interests? What brings you together? What is important to your community?*
Location, Historic ambience
Are there nearby areas you want to be in a district with? Nearby areas you don't want to be in a district with? Why or why not?
Is there anything else you can tell us about your community? FW: Your District Plan has been submitted!1 message
Districting <[email protected]> Sat, Jun 22, 2024 at 8:42 PMTo: HaywardDistricting <[email protected]> CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe. ________________________________________From: No-Reply <[email protected]>Sent: Saturday, June 22, 2024 7:41:55 PM (UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)To: DistrictingSubject: Your District Plan has been submitted! CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
Thank you for submitting the map and description of your district plan. You can stay up to date on the districting process by checking the city's website maphayward.org:
A copy of your District submission is attached in these three formats: a PDF, a shapefile, and an equivalency file.
The shapefile and equivalency file can be used in mapping software. The PDF is an easy way to PRINT (show others) what you sent to the City Council, or share it ELECTRONICALLY oron social media to encourage friends and family to participate in this important process.
Thank you again for your participation!
8 attachments
MyCityCouncil_SD_0622202459.cst1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0622202459.pdf19K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0622202459.prj1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0622202459.shp96K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0622202459.dbf36K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0622202459.shx1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0622202459.txt1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0622202459.csv28K
Submission ID: MyCityCouncil_SD_0622202459_6dist2
Plan name: 6dist2
District type: City Council District
Starting Map: blank_map
General comments: In March, plaintiff's attorney Scott Rafferty wrote: "It is possible to create at least one district that is majority Asian, which likely triggers liability under the federal Voting Rights Act." He did not present a map. Here is one, also including a majority Latino district. There is a clear tradeoff between these voting rights goals versus compactness and other Community of Interest considerations.
Submitted by: Dave Robinson
Compliance check:
- Contiguity: N
- Total population % deviation: N
- Assignment: N
I acknowledge that my District map and description will be sent to the City Council: Y District name% DeviationComments
1 0.06
3 -0.01 Southeast
5 -0.14
4 -0.98
6 0.63
2 -0.22
Hayward City Council - Public Map SubmissionDavid Robinson on June 22, 2024 Plan LayersHaywardCity_Robinson_062220204123456basemapHighwaysHighwaysSecondary Roadslinear_features Railroads (scale > 21,000)
Linear Water
census_blockscountywater
FW: Your District Plan has been submitted!1 message
Districting <[email protected]> Sun, Jun 23, 2024 at 10:21 AMTo: HaywardDistricting <[email protected]> CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe. ________________________________________From: No-Reply <[email protected]>Sent: Sunday, June 23, 2024 9:20:27 AM (UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)To: ; DistrictingSubject: Your District Plan has been submitted! CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
Thank you for submitting the map and description of your district plan. You can stay up to date on the districting process by checking the city's website maphayward.org:
A copy of your District submission is attached in these three formats: a PDF, a shapefile, and an equivalency file.
The shapefile and equivalency file can be used in mapping software. The PDF is an easy way to PRINT (show others) what you sent to the City Council, or share it ELECTRONICALLY oron social media to encourage friends and family to participate in this important process.
Thank you again for your participation!
8 attachments
MyCityCouncil_SD_0623202449.txt1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0623202449.prj1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0623202449.pdf19K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0623202449.csv28K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0623202449.shp46K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0623202449.shx1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0623202449.cst1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0623202449.dbf19K
Submission ID: MyCityCouncil_SD_0623202449_PRCV3
Plan name: PRCV3
District type: City Council District
Starting Map: blank_map
General comments: This map has 3 equal, compact districts that would use two-seat ranked choice voting, electing candidates receiving a separate 1/3 of a district's vote (so at least 2/3 of voters accountably support the winners). If each census group votes as a block, Asian voters would elect at least 2 candidates, and Latino voters another 2. This contrasts with my 6-district map that could elect only 1 of each from non-compact districts. This plan would require modifying the California Voting Rights Act settlement by mutual agreement.
Submitted by: Dave Robinson
Compliance check:
- Contiguity: N
- Total population % deviation: N
- Assignment: N
I acknowledge that my District map and description will be sent to the City Council: Y District name% DeviationComments
1 100.15
2 99.96
3 99.9
Hayward City Council - Public Map SubmissionDavid Robinson on June 23, 2024 Plan LayersHaywardCity_Robinson_06232024123basemapHighwaysHighwaysSecondary Roadslinear_features Railroads (scale > 21,000)
Linear Water
census_blockscountywater
FW: Your District Plan has been submitted!1 message
Districting <[email protected]> Wed, Jun 26, 2024 at 2:51 PMTo: HaywardDistricting <[email protected]> CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe. ________________________________________From: No-Reply <[email protected]>Sent: Wednesday, June 26, 2024 1:50:38 PM (UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)To: ; DistrictingSubject: Your District Plan has been submitted! CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
Thank you for submitting the map and description of your district plan. You can stay up to date on the districting process by checking the city's website maphayward.org:
A copy of your District submission is attached in these three formats: a PDF, a shapefile, and an equivalency file.
The shapefile and equivalency file can be used in mapping software. The PDF is an easy way to PRINT (show others) what you sent to the City Council, or share it ELECTRONICALLY oron social media to encourage friends and family to participate in this important process.
Thank you again for your participation!
8 attachments
MyCityCouncil_SD_0626202460.dbf36K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0626202460.shx1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0626202460.pdf18K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0626202460.cst1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0626202460.txt1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0626202460.csv38K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0626202460.shp65K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0626202460.prj1K
Submission ID: MyCityCouncil_SD_0626202460_Atherton-2
Plan name: Atherton-2
District type: City Council District
Starting Map: blank_map
General comments: Started building districts with the whole Jackson Triangle neighborhood.
Submitted by: Chuck Purvis
Compliance check:
- Contiguity: N
- Total population % deviation: N
- Assignment: N
I acknowledge that my District map and description will be sent to the City Council: Y District name % DeviationComments
Eden -0.84
Hills 15.3
North 3.71
Downtown - North B Street1.8
South 0.92
Triangle 0.31
Hayward City Council - Public Map Submission
Chuck Purvis on June 26, 2024
Plan Layers
HaywardCity_Purvis_06262024
Downtown - North B Street
Eden
Hills
North
South
Triangle
basemap
Highways
Highways
Secondary Roads
linear_features
Railroads (scale > 21,000)
Linear Water
census_blocks
county
water
FW: Questions & Comments re: mapping1 message
Districting <[email protected]> Thu, Jun 27, 2024 at 2:08 PMTo: HaywardDistricting <[email protected]> CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
From: Gina Vicenta Pacaldo Sent: Thursday, June 27, 2024 1:08:28 PM (UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)To: Districting <[email protected]>; Subject: Questions & Comments re: mapping CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
Hello, Sending a few comments & questions that come to mind. Both my husband Jesse Allen, & I are homeowners at - as of 10/1992.
We basically love our home & as we’re aging gracefully, we are becoming more concerned about safety - based on recent too close to home invasions/robberies;the dumping of debris, garbage in the alleyway parallel to Mission - between Simon & Sunst; and the unhoused folks in the car dealership on Simon & Mission.
Re: your mandate to work on mapping districts to reflect Asian American representation - I’m wondering about the following;1. Is there a particular Hayward District that is predominately Asian?2. If so, is that based on the recent census? 3. If not, what data determines the racial ethnicity of a District?4. Is home ownership a consideration to determine who’s who in a District.5. Does one have to be a homeowner to represent a District?6. How many Districts are there now? 7. Will this remapping effort include creating or reducing Districts now?8. I’ve observed that many homes in Alameda County have been purchased by Asian individuals & investors. 9. Wondering who exactly filed the law suit against the City of Hayward? 10. Who do they represent?11. Wondering what District is the “Prospect Hill” a part of? The context of my questions arise as I imagine writing “something” - perhaps, based along the mission of storycorps.org - that would feature willing neighbors that would like to participate.
Yes, since we’ve lived here- it’s evident that more Asians - I believe, primarily Chinese - are our neighbors in a 3 block area of Prospect St. - from Warren to Sunset. And, we all add to thediversity of our Community. In the block we live on - including those across the street-reflect changing demographics of Hayward. Proud to say our diversity is Beautiful! Including Indigenous American Indian, Mexican,African-American, Gay Pakistanís, Devout Yemen Muslims, Anglo, Iranian, Filipino, White, Asian, Punjabi & others! And, yes, there’s Gay Pride History on this lil’ hill- from the days oforiginal homeowners that were stellar Artists & individuals.
With a wide eyed perspective of ongoing changes in our neighborhood- I’m wondering what are the benefits? And, costs to do this remapping endeavor? Please share my questions & concerns. I don’t expect you to answer all my questions - yet, would be great to initiate conversations.
Thank you for your attention & time.
Take Care!Gina V. Jorquez Pacaldo
ImaGíNAte!
FW: Your District Plan has been submitted!
1 message
Districting <[email protected]> Sun, Jun 30, 2024 at 6:42 PM To: HaywardDistricting <[email protected]> CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe. ________________________________________
From: No-Reply <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, June 30, 2024 5:41:36 PM (UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada) To: ; Districting
Subject: Your District Plan has been submitted!
CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
Thank you for submitting the map and description of your district plan. You can stay up to date on the districting process by checking the city's website maphayward.org:
A copy of your District submission is attached in these three formats: a PDF, a shapefile, and an equivalency file.
The shapefile and equivalency file can be used in mapping software. The PDF is an easy way to PRINT (show others) what you sent to the City Council, or share it ELECTRONICALLY or on social media to encourage friends and family to participate in this important process.
Thank you again for your participation!
8 attachments
MyCityCouncil_SD_0630202444.shx
1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0630202444.csv
37K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0630202444.pdf
18K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0630202444.txt
1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0630202444.shp
71K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0630202444.dbf
36K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0630202444.prj
1K
MyCityCouncil_SD_0630202444.cst
1K
Submission ID: MyCityCouncil_SD_0630202444_First Attempt Plan name: First Attempt
District type: City Council District
Starting Map: blank_map
General comments:
Submitted by: Grant Sakakihara
Compliance check:
- Contiguity: N
- Total population % deviation: N
- Assignment: N
I acknowledge that my District map and description will be sent to the City Council: Y District name% DeviationComments
Northeast -1.67
Southwest 2.17
Hills -0.35
Weekes -1.78
Northwest 4.81
Southeast -3.17
Hayward City Council - Public Map SubmissionGrant Sakakihara on June 30, 2024 Plan LayersHaywardCity_Sakakihara_063024WeekesSouthwestHillsSoutheastNortheastNorthwestbasemapHighwaysHighwaysSecondary Roadslinear_features Railroads (scale > 21,000)
Linear Water
census_blockscountywater
FW: Descriptions of recent maps1 message
Districting <[email protected]> Sun, Jun 30, 2024 at 8:56 PMTo: HaywardDistricting <[email protected]> CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
From: Dave Robinson Sent: Sunday, June 30, 2024 8:54:51 PM (UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)To: Districting <[email protected]>Subject: Descriptions of recent maps CAUTION:This is an external email. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you know the content is safe.
Here are some slides describing my June 22 and 23 map submissions that are more human-readable than the output of the online districting tool. Please post these on their correspondingpages at 3-district map: https://maphayward.org/june-23-dave-robinson/6-district map: https://maphayward.org/june-22-dave-robinson/ or on a new page.
Thanks,Dave Robinson
2 attachments
HCC Districting Proposal Description Robinson 3DistRCV 240623.pdf1350K HCC Districting Proposal Description Robinson 240622.pdf1425K
UndilutingHayward’s
protected groups by thinking
outside the lines
Dave Robinson
June 2024
Hayward’s geography is uncooperative with our voting rights goals. •The original goal of Hayward’s switch to district elections is to empower Voting Rights Act protected groups to elect candidates of their choice.
•The first proposed solution is to make one-member districts where a protected group is a majority. •In Hayward, this requires tortuous district boundaries connecting distant neighborhoods (as shown). •Solving the problem requires thinking outside the district lines. 1 2
3 4
5 6
Population Dev % % Latino % Black % Asian % MMR % White 163,172 31.5% 12.3% 31.0% 2.3% 20.9%
27,211 0.06% 25.1% 8.0% 51.8% 0.9% 12.2%
27,319 0.45% 50.5% 12.1% 17.5% 1.6% 14.8%
27,192 -0.01% 31.5% 12.3% 30.4% 0.4% 22.8%
26,929 -0.98% 34.1% 10.6% 29.1% 2.6% 18.5%
27,156 -0.14% 35.5% 10.3% 30.9% 1.5% 19.0%
27,365 0.62% 18.7% 19.6% 21.9% 1.2% 36.2%
27,195.33
-1.0%
0.6%
1.60% <~~~ A plan range up to 10% is considered legally allowable. 1 2
3 4
5 6
Ideal Pop:
Lowest District Dev
Highest District Dev
Total Plan Range
Population (2020) Citizen Voting Age Population (2022) District
City
https://maphayward.org/june-22-dave-robinson/
Solution: Elect 2 each from 3 districts.
•2-seat ranked choice voting elects candidates with at least 1/3 of countable votes. •This is slightly more votes than a majority of a single-member district. •Each candidate is elected by a separate group of voters. •4 candidates could be elected by protected groups instead of 2. •This works because there is room for everyone to be represented by a council. •Makes it a contest between candidates, not voters.
•Fewer, shorter district lines minimize splitting of
communities of interest.
1 3
2 Population Dev % Total% Latino% Black% Asian% MMR% White 163,531 10282031.5% 12.3% 31.0% 2.3% 20.9%
54,430 -0.15% 34103 34.7% 9.2% 35.6% 1.4% 15.6%
54,738 0.42% 33528 26.6% 17.9% 24.1% 1.0% 28.3%
54,363 -0.27% 35189 33.5% 9.5% 33.6% 1.6% 18.4%
54,510
-0.3%
0.4%
0.69% <~~~ A plan range up to 10% is considered legally allowable.
Ideal Pop:
Lowest District Dev %:
Highest District Dev %:
Total Plan Range
Citizen Voting Age Population
1 2
3 Total Population
District
City
https://maphayward.org/june-23-dave-robinson/
Albany’s voting rights solution
•Our neighbors in Albany settled their voting rights case by allowing voters to group themselves without district lines.
•5-seat city council with staggered terms and appointed mayor. •In Hayward, we would elect 2 districts in one election, then 1 district and mayor in another. •They elected 2 on ranked-choice ballots in November 2022.
Albany City Council
Number of positions to elect is 2. 1st
choice
2nd
choice
3rd
choice
4th
choice
5th
choice
John AnthonyMiki
Jennifer Hansen-Romero
JeremiahGarrett-Pinguelo
Nick Pilch
Robin D. López
Write-In: __________________
Albany is a compact city in
northern Alameda County.
Population 20,271
Openstreetmaps.org
Result: Albany city council, Nov 2022
•Votes count for their highest available ranking.
•Last-place candidates are successively eliminated, and portions of extra votes for winners move to next choices.
•Many in the city are pleased by its voting rights progress. 1/3 of votes(Votes with no
more choices)
https://www.albanyca.org/government/city-council
https://www.acvote.org/election-information/elections
Fremont’s voting rights solution
•Our neighbors in Fremont settled their voting rights case regarding Latino voters with 6 districts and an at-large mayor in 2017.
•When voters have more choices, the elected
council member often lacks a strong mandate.
•4 of 7 on the council do not have majority support.
•Did Latino voters benefit from this change?
1/2 of votes 1/2 of votes
1 2
3 4
5 6Newark
https://www.fremont.gov/government/election-information https://www.acvote.org/election-information/elections
Hey, wait…
•Didn’t city attorney Michael Lawson say ranked-choice voting is not an option for Hayward?
•It would require amending the city’s CVRA settlement, which he may find unpalatable.
•Plaintiff’s attorney Scott Rafferty said he is considering 3-district ranked- choice voting in CVRA settlements for San Francisco’s school and city college boards. He may agree to the same in Hayward.
•Isn’t ranked-choice voting too complicated?
•Millions of voters worldwide have used it for decades. •Millions of ranked-choice votes have been cast in San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley, San Leandro, and Albany.
•Error rates do not come close to offsetting benefits.
•Less complicated, subjective, and technocratic than district line drawing.
How can Black voters elect a councilmember?
•Black voters live throughout the city and don’t all fit well into one of 6 districts. •If we used 7-seat ranked-choice voting, electing all 7 every cycle, and let the council appoint the mayor, voters with 12.5% of all votes could elect a candidate of their choice. Pull in a few multiracial voters and it can be done.
•Latino and Asian voters could still elect 2, and White voters 1. •This plan is a tougher sell than the others because the city negotiated to keep the elected mayor in the settlement and Mr. Rafferty prefers smaller districts.
•It is an option if the parties change their minds.
•3 districts could be a good balance.
1 Population Dev % Total % Latino% Black% Asian% MMR% White 163,531 137434 31.5% 12.3% 31.0% 2.3% 20.9%
163,531 0.00% 137434 31.5% 12.3% 31.0% 2.3% 20.9%
163,531
0.0%
0.0%
0.00% <~~~ A plan range up to 10% is considered legally allowable.
Ideal Pop:
Lowest District Dev %:
Highest District Dev %:
Total Plan Range
Citizen Voting Age Population
1 Total Population
District
City
Do larger districts deter candidates from protected groups? •Theory #1: Larger district areas increase campaign cost and effort. •Theory #2: Competition drives campaign costs to what the market will bear for a council seat.
•Ranked-choice candidates only need to reach one seat’s worth of voters. •Real-world example from Pleasanton’s transition from at-large to 4 districts:
•No clear pattern –except 100% turnover of candidate list! Expenditures by 2020 at-large candidates Vote %
Balch $ 37,241.66 Elected 22.26%
Brown $ 21,530.86 11.44%
Kiziloglu $ 14,109.31 8.65%
Allen $ 12,699.02 20.18%
Lee $ 11,936.34 7.52%
Buna $ 6,104.00 6.23%
Arkin $ 5,789.24 Elected 23.59%
Expenditures by 2022 district candidatesVote %
Wallace $ 42,995.04 D1 38.74%
Nibert $ 6,888.67 D1 Elected 61.26%
Yee $ 34,205.50 D2 23.71%
Liu $ 17,619.31 D2 33.34%
Testa $ 4,493.88 D2 Elected 42.94%
https://www.cityofpleasantonca.gov/our-government/city-clerk/elections/ https://www.acvote.org/election-information/elections
Appendix: Counting Albany’s
ranked-choice votes
Counting: Albany city council, Nov 2022
•Votes count for the highest valid choice.
•Last-place candidates are sequentially eliminated.
1/3 of votes
Eliminated
(Votes with no
more choices) https://www.acvote.org/election-information/elections Counting: Albany city council, Nov 2022
•This process removes the tradeoff between having more candidates versus having a winner with a strong mandate(“vote-splitting” or “spoiler” effects). •Ranked-choice voting can also remove this tradeoff for single-winner elections. 1/3 of votes
Eliminated
(Votes with no
more choices) https://www.acvote.org/election-information/elections Counting: Albany city council, Nov 2022
•John Anthony Miki is elected.
•Next round: about 80% of each vote for Miki stays, 20% goes to next choice.
1/3 of votes(Votes with no
more choices)
https://www.acvote.org/election-information/electionshttps://www.albanyca.org/government/city-council Counting: Albany city council, Nov 2022
•Lópezgets more of Miki’s surplus votes and earns a seat. •Each winner has accountable support of a separate group of voters. 1/3 of votes(Votes with no
more choices)
https://www.albanyca.org/government/city-council
Later appointed
to fill a vacancy!
https://www.acvote.org/election-information/elections
Hayward City Council map
with majority Asian and
Latino districts
Dave Robinson, June 2024
Why draw this map?
•Hayward’s transition to districts stems from a lawsuit filed by plaintiff’s attorney Scott Rafferty.
•As justification, Mr. Rafferty wrote: “It is possible to create at least one district that is majority Asian, which likely triggers liability under the federal Voting Rights Act.”
•No such district has been publicly presented yet, to my knowledge. •Can it be drawn?
Can a majority Asian district be drawn using the online districting tool?
•Neighborhoods with majority Asian voters are spread throughout the city (marked by ). •Connecting enough without dipping below 50% is difficult. •But yes: on this map, District 1’s voters are majority Asian. •Furthermore, District 2’s voters are majority Latino.
1 2
3 4
5 6
Population Dev % % Latino % Black % Asian % MMR % White 163,172 31.5% 12.3% 31.0% 2.3% 20.9%
27,211 0.06% 25.1% 8.0% 51.8% 0.9% 12.2%
27,319 0.45% 50.5% 12.1% 17.5% 1.6% 14.8%
27,192 -0.01% 31.5% 12.3% 30.4% 0.4% 22.8%
26,929 -0.98% 34.1% 10.6% 29.1% 2.6% 18.5%
27,156 -0.14% 35.5% 10.3% 30.9% 1.5% 19.0%
27,365 0.62% 18.7% 19.6% 21.9% 1.2% 36.2%
27,195.33
-1.0%
0.6%
1.60% <~~~ A plan range up to 10% is considered legally allowable. 1 2
3 4
5 6
Ideal Pop:
Lowest District Dev
Highest District Dev
Total Plan Range
Population (2020) Citizen Voting Age Population (2022) District
City
https://maphayward.org/june-22-dave-robinson/
1 2
34 5
Spanish
Ranch 1
Clawiter
Chabot
College
Winton
Tennyson
Stratford
Village
District 1 detail•Industrial areas connect Chabot College and Twin Bridges to the district. •Connecting Stratford Village requires crossing 880 and cutting through Spanish Ranch 1.
Industrial
park
Neighborhood
with majority
Asian voters
Bay wetlands
6 Neighborhood
with majority
Latino voters
Industrial
park
Twin
Bridges
Mt. Eden High School
shares District 3 with
Cal State East Bay.
Mt.
Eden
HS
CSUEB
North detail•District 2 includes many, but not all, majority Latino neighborhoods.
Neighborhood
with majority
Latino voters
2 6
5 31
Should we use this map?
•This is one way to help Asian and Latino voters elect a candidate of their choice, if that is what the city wants to do.
•It could also reduce risk of future federal Voting Rights Act legal challenges.
•I have not successfully drawn such districts for other census groups. •There is a tradeoff between compact districts and voting rights goals. •Electing 2 in each of 3 districts by ranked-choice voting could better accomplish these goals without this tradeoff.
•3-district map: https://maphayward.org/june-23-dave-robinson/ •6-district map: https://maphayward.org/june-22-dave-robinson/ Ranked-choice voting: the big picture
•For a large enough council, every votercan be represented by someone who he or she accountably supports, from among ample choices.
•Then, a majority of the council has accountable support of a majority of voters. •Ranked-choice voting gathers enough preference information to arrange this. •There is no need to pit voters against each other so that some win and some lose. •There is no room for systemic racism if we reach this goal. •There is no need to engineer district lines to achieve a desired outcome. •More people will vote if they can reliably obtain satisfactory representation from among meaningful options.
•RCV has decades of success in faraway lands like Australia; Ireland; Cambridge, MA; and now one success with multi-winner RCV in Alameda County.
Hayward City Council Districts Created via Public Workshop on July 9, 2024 Plan Layers
HaywardCity_Workshop_07092024
A
B
basemap
Highways
Highways
Secondary Roads
linear_features
Railroads (scale > 21,000)
Linear Water
census_blocks
county
water
Hayward City Council Communities of Interest (COI) Created via Public Workshop on July 9, 2024 Plan Layers
HaywardCity_COI_5
COI_Southgate
COI_FairwayPark
COI_CSEB
basemap
Highways
Highways
Secondary Roads
linear_features
Railroads (scale > 21,000)
Linear Water
census_blocks
county
water
Submission ID: MyCityCouncil_SD_0521202435_Downtown
Plan name: Downtown
District type: City Council District
Starting Map: blank_map
General comments: Hi Council, sharing what I believe is the difference between the downtown and highlands neighborhood - within the five percent deviation allowed according to the first public hearing. I have lived in both "districts". The downtown neighborhoods are all within walking distance of the shops and the BART station downtown. The Mission-Highlands district is primarily suburban and revolves around Garin Park, the CSU, and the green belt trail. It's a hillside community.
Submitted by: Jacquelyn
Compliance check:
- Contiguity: N
- Total population % deviation: N
- Assignment: N
I acknowledge that my District map and description will be sent to the City Council: Y District name % Deviation Comments
Downtown -4.39