Indio City Council
April 6, 2022

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5 businesses. To ensure that these needs are clearly addressed throughout the General Plan, the elements must be interrelated and interdependent.

2. The City’s current General Plan was adopted on September 18, 2019, and establishes the community’s vision for Indio through 2040. The 2040 General Plan was developed in response to changing trends and to align goals and policies with the aspirations and values of residents, property owners, businesses, and organizations within the community. The updated General Plan sets a visionary framework for an aspirational Housing Element that provides meaningful pro- housing policies and programs to comprehensively address the housing needs of Indio.

3. The Housing Element 2021-2029 is most directly related to the Land Use Element as it is the Land Use Element that designates the location and extent of residential development throughout the City. This Housing Element is internally consistent with the goals and policies of the other elements of the General Plan. The following analysis of applicable goals, policies and programs contained in the General Plan 2040 was conducted to demonstrate consistency between the General Plan and the Housing Element. It should be noted that this analysis addresses key consistencie s between the General Plan and Housing Element specifically as it relates to proposed policies for the Housing Element. While not every proposed Housing Element policy is addressed, there is overall consistency between existing General Plan goals and policies and Housing Element Goals and Polices:

Goal LU-1: Citywide Urban Structure: An urban structure that enhances the quality of life of residents, meets the community’s vision for the future, and weaves new growth areas together with established Indio neighborhoods.

LU-1.1: Overall city structure. Establish a clearly defined City structure by [please note that only relevant policy elements for this particular policy are noted]:

Creating mixed-use corridors along Highway 111, Monroe Street, Avenue 42, and Avenue 44 that contain a mix of retail, service, office, and residential uses. Corridors should have defined nodes that provide a mix of local- and regional-serving uses.

Investing in existing residential neighborhoods adjacent to Downtown and Midtown.

Infilling new residential neighborhoods arranged around neighborhood centers and community gathering spaces, such as schools and parks.

Finding (s):

The Housing Element 2021 -2029 specifies Goals and Policies that address this specific Land Use Element Goal and Policy of the adopted General Plan. Proposed Goal 2 of the Housing Element specifies a goal of an affordable housing supply that meets the needs of extremely low, very low, low and moderate income households.

Proposed Polices 2.2, 2.3 and 2.6 address Goal LU-1/Policy LU-1.1 by directing the City to attract affordable and mixed -income housing developers through processes

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6 and regulations that stream line and simplify the fabrication of housing production, encouraging affordable and mixed-income developments that increase opportunities for extremely low and lower income households to access resources in high opportunity areas and specifying investments in infrastructure and the provision of subsidies that offset the cost of affordable housing development and preservation.

Conclusion (s):

The Housing Element 2021-2029 is consistent with the adopted General Plan 2040 and specifically Goal LU-1 and relevant portions of Policy LU-1.1.

Goal LU-2: Active Places. Indio is a City with active and comfortable places that encourage social interaction and community gathering.

LU-2.2: Balanced Land Uses: Maintain a balanced land use pattern to support a broad range of housing choices, retail businesses, employment opportunities, educational and cultural institutions, entertainment spaces, and other supportive uses within long-established Indio neighborhoods and new growth areas.

Finding (s):

The Housing Element 2021 -2029 specifies Goals and Policies that address this specific Land Use Element Goal and Policy of the adopted General Plan. Pro posed Goal 1 of the Housing Element specifies a goal of an adequate supply and diverse range of housing types that align with the needs of all households. Proposed Polices

1.1 1.2 1.4, 1.5 1.6, 1.9 and 1.10 address Goal LU-2/Policy LU-2.2. Proposed Policies

4.2 and 4.4 also address Goal LU -2/Policy LU-2.2. Proposed Policies 6.1, 6.2 and 6/5 also address the aforementioned Goal and Policy. Proposed Policy 1.1 encourages the incentivization and facilitation of the production of multi -family development in are as where it is needed most. Proposed Policy 1.2 specifies programs that incentivize housing produced through streamlined processes, regulatory relief and increased development flexibility. Proposed Policy 1.4 specifies the facilitation of housing development for vulnerable and special needs populations through programs that incentivize housing to meet these needs. Proposed Policy 1.5 specifies the facilitation of the planning, approval and construction of housing that meets a wide range of needs for a varie ty of household types creating balanced communities. Proposed Policy 1.6 specifies that the City should identify and evaluate options to increase housing opportunities in areas planned and zoned for single - family residential densities. Proposed Policy 1.9 specifies that the City should monitor development activity and rezone sites as necessary to ensure no net loss of housing capacity through the planning cycle especially for sites identified to accommodate lower income RHNA. Proposed Policy 1.10 specifies the engagement in planning processes that identify opportunities for increased housing capacity especially in areas near resources and amenities such as transit, schools, retail uses, public uses, and areas of employment. Proposed Policy 4.2 specifies increased opportunities for

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7 homeownership for lower and moderate income households. Proposed Policy 4.4 specifies increased housing opportunities for lower -income households, especially within high-resource areas and areas with access to opportunities. Propose d Policy

6.1 promotes equitable and fair housing opportunities for all persons regardless of race, color, religion, sex or gender identity, national origin or ancestry, marital status, age, ability or disability, household composition or size, or any other protected characteristics. Proposed Policy 6.5 specifies fostering neighborhoods that include affordable, senior and accessible housing options, and analyze equity and inclusion through all planning efforts.

Conclusion (s):

As demonstrated in the findings, a broad cross-section of the proposed policies in the Housing Element 2021-2029 address the Goal LU -2/Policy LU-2.2 and support the interrelated and interdependent relationship between the Element and the Land Use Element of the adopted General Plan. The Housing Element 2021-2029 is therefore consistent with the adopted General Plan 2040 and specifically Goal LU-2/Policy LU-

2.2. Goal LU-6: Enhance Existing Neighborhoods. A City with well-maintained residential neighborhoods that support Downtown and Midtown.

LU-6.1: Maintenance: Support the ongoing maintenance and improvement of existing residential properties; in particular, encourage property owners to maintain and improve their front yards and building facades.

Finding (s):

The Housing Element 2 021-2029 specifies Goals and Policies that address this specific Land Use Element Goal and Policy of the adopted General Plan. Proposed Policies 3.1, 3.2 3.3, 5.2, and 6.4 address Goal LU-6/Policy 6.1. Proposed Policy 3.1 encourages the maintenance and rep air of existing owner and renter -occupied housing to prevent the deterioration of the housing stock through educational resources, code enforcement and funding resources. Proposed Policy 3.2 specifies the preservation and rehabilitation of housing for lowe r-income households, especially in affordable housing that is at risk of converting to market -rate housing.

Proposed Policy 3.3 specifies assistance for older adults and those with special needs with home retrofits to increase accessibility. Proposed Policy 5.2 specifies the reduction in energy use and the cost of utilities through energy-efficient development and retrofits. Proposed Policy 6.4 specifies the identification of existing and new funding streams to target investments in lower -income communities and areas with affordable housing.

Conclusion (s):

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8 As demonstrated in the findings, a broad cross-section of the proposed policies in the Housing Element 2021-2029 address the Goal LU -6/Policy LU-6.1 and support the interrelated and interdependent relationship between the Element and the Land Use Element of the adopted General Plan. The Housing Element 2021 -2029 is therefore consistent with the adopted General Plan 2040 and specifically Goal LU-6/Policy LU-

6.1. Goal LU-7: New Neighborhoods. Neighborhoods that provide a variety of housing types, densities, designs and mix of uses and services that support healthy and active lifestyles.

LU-7.2: Balanced Neighborhoods: Within the allowed densities and housing types, promote and allow for a range of housing and price levels within each neighborhood to accommodate diverse ages and incomes. For development projects larger than 5 acres, require that a diversity of housing types be provided and that these housing types be mixed rather than segregated by unit type.

LU-7.3: Housing Affordability: Ensure affordable housing is distributed throughout the City to avoid concentrations of poverty and to be accessible to jobs.

LU-7.13 Density bonuses. Support projects that seek for density bonuses for affordable housing, special-needs housing, childcare, and senior housing.

Finding (s):

The Housing Element 2021 -2029 specifies Goals and Policies that address these specific Land Use Element Goal and Policies of the adopted General Plan. Proposed Policies 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.10, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.7, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.4,

5.1, 5.5, 6.1, 6.4 and 6.5 address Goal LU -7/Policies 7.2, 7.3 and 7.13. Policy 1.1 encourages the incentivization and facilitation of the production of mul ti-family development in areas where it is needed most. Proposed Policy 1.3 specifies the investment in infrastructure in areas planned for higher -density and affordable housing production. Proposed Policy 1.4 specifies the facilitation of housing development for vulnerable and special needs populations through programs that incentivize housing to meet these needs. Proposed Policy 1.5 specifies the facilitation of the planning, approval and construction of housing that meets a wide range of needs for a vari ety of household types creating balanced communities. Proposed Policy 1.10 specifies the engagement in planning processes that identify opportunities for increased housing capacity especially in areas near resources and amenities such as transit, schools, retail uses, public uses, and areas of employment.

Proposed Policy 2.1 specifies offsetting the cost of affordable housing development through development permit process improvements to maximize permitting efficiencies, regulatory relief, development flexi bility and opportunities for environmental streamlining. Proposed Policy 2.2 specifies the attraction of affordable and mixed -income housing developers through processes and regulations that

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9 streamline and simplify the fabrication of housing production. Pr oposed Policy 2.3 encourages affordable and mixed-income developments that increase opportunities for extremely low and lower income households to access resources in high - opportunity areas. Proposed Policy 2.4 promotes affordable alternative forms of housing especially for the creation of more lower-cost owner-occupied housing types.

Proposed Policy 2.5 seeks to ensure there is an adequate supply of short -term and long-term housing to meet the needs of vulnerable and special needs populations.

Proposed Pol icy 2.7 seeks to ensure that affordable housing is not lost through redevelopment that provides only market -rate housing by enforcing affordable housing replacement and preservation requirements. Proposed Policy 3.1 encourages the maintenance and repair of existing owner and renter -occupied housing to prevent the deterioration of the housing stock through educational resources, code enforcement and funding resources. Proposed Policy 3.2 specifies the preservation and rehabilitation of housing for lower-income households especially in affordable housing that is at risk of converting to market rate housing. Proposed Policy 3.3 specifies assistance for older adults and those with special needs with home retrofits to increase accessibility. Proposed Policy 4.1 s pecifies support and bolstering of tenant -based rental assistance to increase housing access for lower - income households. Proposed Policy 4.2 specifies the increase of opportunities for homeownership for lower and moderate income households. Proposed Polic y 4.4 specifies increased housing opportunities for lower -income households, especially within high-resource areas and areas with access to opportunities. Proposed Policy

5.1 specifies equitably investing in communities by strengthening resources and opportunities in disadvantaged or under -resourced areas. Proposed Policy 5.5 specifies the attenuation of displacement risks through an increase in the supply of rent-restricted housing units especially in areas with planned or existing resources such as public transportation, parks, schools, employment and infrastructure.

Proposed Policy 6.1 promotes equitable and fair housing opportunities for all persons regardless of race, color, religion, sex or gender identity, national origin or ancestry, marital status, age, ability or disability, household composition or size, or any other protected characteristics. Proposed Policy 6.4 specifies the identification of existing and new funding streams to target investments in lower -income communities and areas with affordable housing. Proposed Policy 6.5 specifies fostering neighborhoods that include affordable, senior and accessible housing options, and analyze equity and inclusion through all planning efforts.

Conclusion (s):

As demonstrated in the findings, a broad cross-section of the proposed policies in the Housing Element 2021 -2029 address the Goal LU -7/Policies LU-7.2, 7.3 and 7.13 and support the interrelated and interdependent relationship between the Element and the Land Use Element of the adopted General Plan. The Housing Element 2021- 2029 is therefore consistent with the adopted General Plan 2040 and specifically Goal LU-7/Policies LU-7.2, 7.3 and 7.13.

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10 Section 3. When adopted, the Housing Element 2021-2029 will hereby replace the currently adopted Housing Element 2013-2021 of the General Plan in its entirety.

Section 4. Pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) and the State CEQA Guidelines, City staff prepared an Initial Study of the potential environmental effects of the proposed Housing Element Update (the “Project”). Based on the findings contained in that Initial Study, City staff determined that there was no substantial evidence that the P roject would have a signifi cant effect on the environment. Based on that determination, a Neg ative Declaration was prepared. On August 17, 2021, the City published a Notice of Intent to adopt a Negative Declaration by announcing the 30 -day circulation peri od for public review and comment on the Negative Declaration. The Negative Declaration was circulated for public review beginning August 17, 2021 and ending on September 20, 2021. The City received no comments on the published Draft Negative Declaration. The City Council previously adopted the Negative Declaration on January 5, 2022 and for the aforementioned revisions to the Housing Element 2021-2029 required by the State Office of Housing and Community, has reviewed the prior Negative Declaration and all comments received regarding the Negative Declaration and, based on the whole record before it, finds: (i) that the Negative Declaration was prepa red in compliance with CEQA; (ii) that there is no substantial evidence that the Project will have a significant effect on the environment and (iii) that the prior Negative Declaration is valid and applicable to the aforementioned required revisions. The City Council further finds that the Negative Declaration reflects the independent judgment and analysis of the City Council. Based on these findings, the City Council hereby re-adopts the Negative Declaration. The custodian of records for the Initial Study, Negative Declaration and all other materials which constitute the record of proceedings upon which the City Council’s decision is based is the City of Indio Co mmunity Development Department. Copies of those documents are available for public review at City Hall.

Section 5. The City Manager is hereby authorized to make changes to the Housing Element to address any required technical or non-legislative changes at the request of the California State Department of Housing and Community Development during the certification review process.

Section 6. Based on the foregoing findings and all the evidence in the record, the City Council hereby approves the General Plan Amendment adopting the City of Indio Housing Element 2021-2029, as revised, attached hereto as Exhibit A.

Section 7. The City Clerk shall certify to the adoption of this resolution.

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11 PASSED, APPROVED, and ADOPTED this 6th day of April 2022.

WAYMOND FERMON
MAYOR

ATTEST:

CYNTHIA HERNANDEZ, CMC

CITY CLERK

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12 EXHIBIT “A”

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HOUSING ELEMENT
(2021-2029)

CITY OF INDIO
2280 Historic Decatur Road
Suite 200
San Diego, CA 92106
619.591.1370 | dudek.com
ADOPTED JANUARY 5 , 2 022
REVISED APRIL 6, 20 22

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................1

1.1 Indio is a Pro
-Housing City ..............................................................................................2

1.2 Housing Element Or
ganization ........................................................................................2 2 Public Eng
agement ................................................................................................................3 3 Gener
al Plan Consistency .......................................................................................................3 4 Go
als and Policies ..................................................................................................................4 5 Pr
ogram Implementation ......................................................................................................7 Appendic
es
Appendix A: 5th Cycle Review
Appendix B: Community Profile
Appendix C: Constraints and Zoning Analysis
Appendix D: Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing
Appendix E: Sites Analysis and Inventory
Appendix F: Community Engagement Summary

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1. INTRODUCTION
Housing in California has become some of the most expensive in the nation, ranking 49th out of 50 states in homeownership rates and the supply of housing per capita.1 Only half of California’s households are able to afford the cost of housing in their local regions. To adequately address the housing needs and demands of Californians, every county and city across the state is required by law to adopt plans and regulatory systems that provide opportunities for housing development to meet their fair share of needed housing. This required planning is achieved through the planning for and adoption of Housing Elements to General Plans.

The Housing Element of the City of Indio (City) General Plan 2040 addresses the comprehensive housing needs in Indio for the 8-year planning period (2021–2029). It provides an analysis of the local housing needs for all income levels, details barriers to providing needed housing, and identifies a set of strategies for meeting the housing need within the planning period. Housing Elements are one of eight required components of a General Plan and are guided by State law, which requires all jurisdictions to update their Housing Elements every 8 years. This Housing Element is the City’s sixth update to its Housing Element (6th Cycle). Recent amendments by the State Legislature to housing and planning laws aim to address California’s housing shortage. These amendments have resulted in a substantial number of new requirements for the 6th Cycle Housing Element, including an analysis of fair housing, efforts to further facilitate the production of accessory dwelling units, new development permit streamlining, and requirements to maintain adequate capacity to meet the housing need throughout the entirety of the 6th Cycle.

To create a Housing Element that adequately plans for the local housing need, the City must first know how much housing to plan for and at what income levels. This is determined by a process called the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA). The RHNA is the California State-required process that seeks to ensure that cities and counties are planning for enough housing to accommodate all economic segments of the community.

The State assigns each region in California a regionwide housing target that is distributed to cities and counties through a methodology prepared by the regional council
of governments.

The City must adequately plan for its existing and
projected housing needs, including its share of the RHNA, as identified by the State with input from the Southern California Association of Governments and local cities and counties. Although the City does not build housing that is privately owned or owned by other government agencies,
the State requires each jurisdiction to demonstrate
where housing can reasonably be expected to be added within this cycle, and how the City will facilitate and incentivize its production. As identified by the 6th Cycle RHNA, the City must plan for 7,812 housing units, which are further broken down by income level based on area median income for households. 1 Section 65589.5(a)(2(E) of Chapter 3 of Division 1 of Title 7 of, the Government Code The City’s 6th Cycle RHNA targets
are broken down by income level, as
follows:

Extremely Low-Income = 896
Very Low-Income = 897
Low Income = 1,170
Moderate Income = 1,315
Above Moderate Income = 3,534
The Housing Element is a strategic vision and policy guide designed to help address the comprehensive housing needs of the City over an 8-year period (2021–2029 planning period). It defines the City’s housing needs, identifies the barriers or constraints to providing needed housing, and provides policies and programs to address these housing needs and constraints.

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Annual Income Limits for Riverside County for Four-Person Households (2020) Income Category Percent of Area Median Income Annual Household Income Extremely Low 0–30% $26,200
Very Low-Income 31–50% $37,650
Low Income 51–80% $60,250
Moderate Income 81–120% $90,350
Area Median Income 100% $75,300
Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, State Income Limits 2020.

1.1 INDIO IS A PRO -HOUSING CITY
The City and the City’s stakeholders recognize the urgency to address the Statewide housing supply shortage and affordability crisis, and understand the importance of the update to the Housing Element as a part of a greater coordinated strategy to address housing needs at the local, regional, and state levels. Although Indio planned for more than 1,000 new housing units for lower-income households during the previous Housing Element (2014– 2021), the majority of units produced were market-rate units. Cities and counties across the State experienced similar trends in housing production, with very few cities or counties achieving their housing targets for lower- income households. The City has identified a need for aggressive policies and programs that commit to providing a pathway for the development of housing for lower-income households. This Housing Element contains a series of policies and programs that demonstrate the City’s dedication to local pro-housing policies and the production of housing for all income levels, especially lower-income households.

1.2 HOUSING ELEMENT ORGANIZATION
This Housing Element identifies goals, policies, and programs to comprehensively address the housing needs of all current and anticipated residents at all income levels over the housing planning period of 2021 through 2029. The Housing Element is divided into chapters, and supporting documentation is included as appendices.

The following describes the Housing Element’s organizational structure:
‒ Introduction pr ovides an overview of the Housing Element, its relationship to State law, the City’s RHNA, and the organization of the Housing Element.
‒ General Plan C
onsistency details those policies identified throughout the elements of the General Plan that guided the policies set forth in the Housing Element to ensure that consistency is maintained throughout the General Plan.
‒ Goals and P
olicies specifies the City’s plans for meeting the existing and projected comprehensive housing needs of Indio.
‒ Progr
am Implementation identifies the specific actions that will be implemented to ensure that Indio’s housing needs are met within the planning period.

Appendices
‒ Appendix A: 5th Cycle R eview evaluates the efficacy of the 5th Cycle Housing Element; the progress in implementation; and the appropriateness of the goals, policies, and programs. ‒ Appendix B: Community Pr
ofile provides detailed information on the City’s demographic characteristics and trends that influence supply and demand of various housing types. ‒ Appendix C: Constr
aints and Zoning Analysis details governmental and non-governmental constraints to the maintenance, improvement, and development of housing for all income levels.

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‒ Appendix D: Affirmativ ely Furthering Fair Housing Analysis identifies disproportionate housing needs, including segregated living patterns, concentrated areas of poverty, disparities in access to opportunity, and displacement risk.
‒ Appendix E: Sites Analysis and In
ventory describes the methodology by which the City can accommodate its RHNA targets and how any unmet need will be met, and provides an inventory of the sites identified to meet the housing need.
‒ Appendix F: Community Engagement Summar
y provides the detailed results and materials of the
outreach conducted for the update to the Housing Element.

2. PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
The City conducted a robust public outreach program that engaged a broad spectrum of the community and stakeholders. Stay-at-home orders of 2020 and 2021 provided the City with opportunities to explore new avenues for public engagement and increased access for those who are traditionally not involved in the planning process. Outreach and formal engagement activities were held virtually across a variety of platforms, including a community survey, virtual community workshop, public review period, and study sessions and public hearings.

The outreach conducted for the update to the Housing Element, engaged a broad range of community members and stakeholders alike. The City cast a wide net to gain participation from all segments of the City’s interested parties. The extensive outreach process conducted for this Housing Element update has contributed to a set of meaningful goals, policies, and programs that reflect the City’s housing needs and the priorities and needs of all of those in the City, including those with special needs and lower-income populations. Appendix F, Community Engagement Summary, provides a comprehensive summary detailing the outreach conducted as part of the update to the Housing Element and corresponding materials.

3. GENERAL PLAN CONSISTENCY
The elements that comprise the City’s General Plan are required by State law to be internally consistent.

Together these elements provide the framework for the development of facilities, services, and land uses necessary to address the long-term needs of the City’s current and future residents, property owners, and businesses. To ensure that these needs are clearly addressed throughout the General Plan, the elements must be interrelated and interdependent.

The City’s current General Plan was adopted on September 18, 2019 and establishes the community’s vision for Indio through 2040. The 2040 General Plan was developed in response to changing trends and to align goals and policies with the aspirations and values of residents, property owners, businesses, and organizations within the community. The updated General Plan sets a visionary framework for an aspirational Housing Element that provides meaningful pro-housing policies and programs to comprehensively address the housing needs of Indio.

This Housing Element is most directly related to the Land Use Element as it is the Land Use Element that designates the location and extent of residential development throughout the City. This Housing Element is internally consistent with the goals and policies of the other elements of the General Plan. Specifically, the General Plan and the Housing Element are both guided by the following relevant principles:
‒ Citywide Urban S tructures: An urban structure that enhances the quality of life of residents, meets the community’s vision for the future, and weaves new growth areas together with established Indio neighborhoods. ‒ Balanced Land U
ses: Maintain a balanced land use pattern to support a broad range of housing choices, retail businesses, employment opportunities, educational and cultural institutions, entertainment spaces, and other supportive uses within long-established Indio neighborhoods and new growth areas.

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‒ Maintenance: Support the ongoing maintenance and improvement of existing residential properties; in particular, enc
ourage property owners to maintain and improve their front yards and building facades. ‒ Balanced Neighborhoods: Within the allo
wed densities and housing types, promote and allow for a range of housing and price levels within each neighborhood to accommodate diverse ages and incomes. For development projects larger than 5 acres, require that a diversity of housing types be provided and that these housing types be mixed rather than segregated by unit type.
‒ Housing Aff
ordability: Ensure affordable housing is distributed throughout the City to avoid concentrations of poverty and to be accessible to jobs.

4. GOALS AND POLICIES
Goal 1: An adequate supply and diverse range of housing types that align with the needs of all households.

Policy 1.1: Incentivize and facilitate the production of multifamily development in areas where it is needed most through planning processes, procedures, and regulations that are responsive to market conditions and development needs.

Policy 1.2: Provide programs that incentivize housing production through streamlined processes, regulatory relief, and increased development flexibility.

Policy 1.3: Invest in infrastructure in areas planned for higher-density and affordable housing production.

Policy 1.4: Facilitate the development of housing for vulnerable and special needs populations through programs that incentivize housing to meet these needs.

Policy 1.5: Facilitate the planning, approval, and construction of housing that meets a wide range of needs for a variety household types, creating balanced communities.

Policy 1.6: Identify and evaluate options to increase housing opportunities in areas planned and zoned for single-family residential densities.

Policy 1.7: Identify areas appropriate for increased residential densities and pair City-led rezoning efforts with environmental streamlining opportunities, such as program Environmental Impact Reports to allow for individual projects consistent with the zone by-right.

Policy 1.8: Promote and encourage innovation and creativity in housing development through regulations that increase transparency, flexibility, and certainty in the development permitting process, as well as opportunities to partner with institutions for non-traditional housing solutions.

Policy 1.9: Monitor development activity and rezone sites as necessary to ensure no net loss of housing capacity throughout the planning cycle, especially for sites identified to accommodate the lower-income RHNA.

Policy 1.10: Engage in planning processes that identify opportunities for increased housing capacity, especially in areas near resources and amenities such as transit, schools, retail uses, public utilities, and areas of employment.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................1

1.1 Indio is a Pro-Housing City ..............................................................................................2

1.2 Housing Element Organization ........................................................................................3 2 Public Engagement ................................................................................................................4 3 General Plan Consistency .......................................................................................................5 4 Goals and Policies ..................................................................................................................6 5 Program Implementation ......................................................................................................9 Appendices
Appendix A: 5th Cycle Review
Appendix B: Community Profile
Appendix C: Constraints and Zoning Analysis
Appendix D: Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing
Appendix E: Sites Analysis and Inventory
Appendix F: Community Engagement Summary

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Goal 2: an affordable housing supply that meets th e needs of extremely low-, very low-, low-, and moderate-income households.

Policy 2.1: Offset the cost of affordable housing development through development permit process improvements to maximize permitting efficiencies, regulatory relief, development flexibility, and opportunities for environmental streamlining.

Policy 2.2: Attract affordable and mixed-income housing developers through processes and regulations that streamline and simplify the facilitation of housing production.

Policy 2.3: Encourage affordable and mixed-income developments that increase opportunities for extremely low- and lower-income households to access resources in high-opportunity areas.

Policy 2.4: Promote affordable alternative forms of housing, especially for the creation of more lower-cost owner-occupied housing types.

Policy 2.5: Ensure there is an adequate supply of short-term and long-term housing to meet the needs of vulnerable and special needs populations.

Policy 2.6: Invest in infrastructure and provide subsidies that offset the cost of affordable housing development and preservation.

Policy 2.7: Ensure that affordable housing is not lost through redevelopment that provides only market-rate housing by enforcing affordable housing replacement and preservation requirements, where possible.

Goal 3:
a w
ell-maintained and preserved housing stock.

Policy 3.1: Encourage the maintenance and repair of existing owner and renter-occupied housing to prevent deterioration of the housing stock through educational resources, code enforcement, and funding resources.

Policy 3.2: Preserve and rehabilitate housing for lower-income households, especially in affordable housing that is at risk of converting to market-rate housing.

Policy 3.3: Assist older adults and those with special needs with home retrofits to increase accessibility.

Goal 4: Quality rental and ownership housing opportunities for all income levels.

Policy 4.1: Support and bolster tenant-based rental assistance to increase housing access for lower-income households.

Policy 4.2: Increase opportunities for homeownership for lower- and moderate-income households.

Policy 4.3: Support creative financing and development models that increase opportunities for property and home ownership.

Policy 4.4: Increase housing opportunities for lower-income households, especially within high- resource areas and areas with access to opportunities.

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Goal 5: Enhanced quality of life, free from displacement.

Policy 5.1: Equitably invest in communities by strengthening resources and opportunities in disadvantaged or under-resourced areas.

Policy 5.2: Reduce energy use and the cost of utilities through energy-efficient development and retrofits.

Policy 5.3: Support and encourage development that incorporates passive or active green space, such as green roofs, walls, and courtyards that can provide carbon capture and cooling in urban environments.

Policy 5.4: Support new financing tools and methods that provide the infrastructure needed to support multifamily and mixed-use development.

Policy 5.5: Attenuate displacement risks through an increase in the supply of rent-restricted housing units, especially in areas with planned or existing resources, such as public transportation, parks, schools, employment, and infrastructure.

Goal 6:
a Cit
y that promotes equality and inclusivity.

Policy 6.1: Promote equitable and fair housing opportunities for all persons regardless of race, color, religion, sex or gender identity, national origin or ancestry, marital status, age, ability or disability, household composition or size, or any other protected characteristics.

Policy 6.2: Oppose prejudices, practices, and market behavior that results in housing discrimination and segregation.

Policy 6.3: Collaborate with other public agencies involved in the enforcement of laws aimed at promoting equitable access to housing (fair housing laws) and non-discrimination.

Policy 6.4: Identify existing and new funding streams to target investments in lower-income communities and areas with affordable housing.

Policy 6.5: Foster neighborhoods that include affordable, senior, and accessible housing options, and analyze equity and inclusion through all planning efforts.

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5. PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
PROGRAM 1: ACCESSIBILITY
The City will ensure all new, multifamily construction meets the accessibility requirements of the Federal and State Fair Housing Acts through local permitting and approval processes. Further, to increase fair housing opportunities for persons with temporary, developing, or permanent disabilities, including older adults with changing levels of ability, the City will promote increased accessibility by connecting developers and residents to resources on design features that are accessible and safe to all people regardless of age, size, ability, or disability. This could include making a universal design checklist available or posting accessibility guides on the City’s website. Additionally, the City will consider developing a program that further incentivizes accessibility in housing development and design above and beyond what is required under State law.

Objective(s) 1a: For residential development that is exempt from or goes above and beyond the accessibility requirements of California Building Code Chapter 11A, the City will develop a procedure for providing incentives in exchange for increased accessibility. This could include a reduction in development standards, increased density or square footage, or other regulatory or financial incentives.
1b: Create a housing resources webpage that connects developers and residents to accessibility resources, such as home retrofit guides and universal design standards that can increase in-unit accessibility, among other housing-related information and resources. 1c: Provide updates on fair housing resources and accessibility at annual housing forums.

Timeframe 1a-1b: Spring 2024
1c: annually throughout the planning period
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory incentives
Relevant Policies 1.4, 3.3, 6.1, 6.4, 6.5
Fair Housing Issue Disparities in Access to Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities Contributing Factor(s) Lack of affordable, accessible housing in range of unit sizes Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity • Increase opportunities for in-unit accessibility b
y connecting developers and residents
to accessibility resources.
• Increase number of accessible housing units f
or those with a disability through
promotion of resources on design features, regulatory or financial incentives, policies, or other similar measures that promote features that are accessible and safe to all people regardless of age, size, ability, or disability.

PROGRAM 2: ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT ASSISTANCE AND INCENTIVES The City will identify and develop additional mechanisms for incentivizing the production of accessory dwelling units (ADUs). The City will consider developing handouts, frequently asked questions, brochures, checklists, and permit-ready ADU building plans to assist property owners with ADU development.

Further, the City will adopt a program that incentivizes and promotes the creation of ADUs that can be offered at an affordable rent for very low-, low-, or moderate-income households. (Assembly Bill [AB] 671, 2019).

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Objective(s) 2a: Develop ADU resources for property owners. 2b: Post resources on the website.
2c: Develop and adopt an affordable ADU incentive program.

Timeframe 2a-2c: Spring 2023
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.2, 1.5, 2.1
Fair Housing Issue Disproportionate Housing Needs; RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation Contributing Factor(s) The availability of affordable units in a range of sizes and locations.

Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity • Increase ADU produc
tion by an average of 10%1 compared to the yearly average in the previous planning period.
• Incentivize the production of 48 ADUs affordable to lower-income households during the planning period.
1 See full ADU projection discussion in Appendix E, Section 4.3, Accessory Dwelling Unit Projections.

PROGRAM 3: ADU PERMITTING
The City permits ADUs and JADUs in all zones that permit residential uses. Consistent with State law, the City has submitted the adopted ADU ordinance to the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) for review. The City will update its ADU ordinance consistent with HCD’s review to address needed changes.

Objective(s) 3a: Amend ADU ordinance consistent with HCD’s findings.

Timeframe 3a: Spring 2023
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.2, 1.5, 2.1
Fair Housing Issue Disproportionate Housing Needs; RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation Contributing Factor(s) Location and type of affordable housing.

Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity • Increase yearly ADU production by an average of 10% 1.

PROGRAM 4: AFFORDABLE HOMEOWNERSHIP OPPORTUNITIES
Increase opportunities for homeownership for moderate and lower-income households through collaboration with affordable housing developers, and housing advocates that support efforts to create

community land trusts and limited equity cooperatives. To support affordable housing development and creative ownership models that can address disparity in homeownership by race, ethnicity, and income, identify opportunities to dedicate staff to assist with navigating the permitting process, identify surplus lands available for housing, expand permit streamlining opportunities, and provide informational resources on the City’s website.
1 See full ADU projection discussion in Appendix E, Section 4.3, Accessory Dwelling Unit Projections.

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Objective(s) 4a: Continue to provide staff assistance with navigating development regulations. 4b: Inform community members of opportunities to engage in creative ownership models as opportunities arise and at annual housing forums, raising community awareness of creative ownership models and opportunities by 20%.

Timeframe 4a–4b: Ongoing, annually
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 2.4, 4.2, 4.3
Fair Housing Issue Disparities in Access to Opportunities; RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation Contributing Factor(s) Disparity in Homeownership by Race, Ethnicity and Income, Insufficient Affordable Housing
Program/Action Type Mobility Strategies [Housing/Employment] • Encourag
e development of affordable housing and creative ownership models for lower-income households in higher-opportunity areas through technical assistance, surplus land, and permit streamlining opportunities.
•
Increased c
ommunity awareness of creative ownership models and opportunities by 20%.

PROGRAM 5: ANALYSIS OF IMPEDIMENTS TO FAIR HOUSING CHOICE The City will continue to assess fair housing conditions within Indio through preparation, implementation, and monitoring of the Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice. The Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice provides an overview of laws, regulations, conditions, and other possible obstacles that could affect an individual’s or household’s access to housing in Indio. The City will affirmatively further fair housing by taking meaningful steps to provide fair housing education through proactive outreach to individuals and organizations that represent lower-income households, people in protected classes, and households with special needs.

Objective(s) 5a: Maintain an Adopted Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice as may be required.
5b: Create fair housing outreach materials and informational resources to post online to raise community awareness by 20%.

Timeframe 5a: Ongoing; update to the City’s Analysis of Impediments every 3 to 5 years. 5b: Spring 2025
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – Community Development Block Grant Program Relevant Policies 6.1, 6.2, 6.3
Fair Housing Issue Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach Capacity Contributing Factor(s) Lack of fair housing enforcement and resources.

Program/Action Type Protecting Existing Residents; Increasing Fair Housing awareness • Crea
te fair housing resources and take meaningful steps in fair housing education through proactive outreach to individuals and organizations that represent lower- income households, people in protected classes, and households with special needs to raise community awareness related to fair housing assitance by 20%. •
Maintain an Analysis of Impediments t
o Fair Housing Choice.

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PROGRAM 6: ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORTS
The City will continue to report annually on the Cityʼs progress toward its 8-year RHNA housing production targets and toward the implementation of the programs identified in the Housing Element to the legislative body, the Office of Planning and Research, and the Department of Housing and Community Development.

The City will use this setting to hold an annual housing forum for the discussion of the Cityʼs progress towards the goals of the Housing Element, with additional focus on raising fair housing awareness. The housing forum will provide a platform where decision makers, members of the public, the development community, and other interested parties can work to elevate the discussion surrounding housing needs and solutions. (AB 879, 2017)
Objective(s) 6a: Submit report annually by April 1.
6b: Hold annual housing forum to elevate discourse on fair housing by 50%.

Timeframe 6a-6b: Ongoing; Annually
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.9
Fair Housing Issue Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach Capacity Contributing Factor(s) Lack of Fair Housing resources.

Program/Action Type Mobility Strategies [Housing/Employment] • Annually host a public forum to discuss the City’s progress towards the goals of the Housing Element, with additional focus on raising fair housing awareness and promoting equal access to a diverse resident base to elevate discourse on fair housing by 50%.

PROGRAM 7: BY-RIGHT DEVELOPMENT
The City will allow development by-right pursuant to Government Code Section 65583.2(i) when 20 percent or more
of the
units are affordable to lower-income households on vacant and underutilized sites identified in the Sites Inventory to accommodate the lower-income RHNA that were previously identified in past Housing Elements in accordance with the specifications of Government Code Section 65583.2(c) and Housing Element law.

Further,
the City will identify a location, process, and procedure by which residential and mixed-use development can be permitted by-right, especially in areas near amenities and resources such as transit, parks, childcare facilities, and within established commercial and near key areas of employment. This will include evaluation of opportunities to establish a Housing Sustainability District, a Workforce Opportunity Zone, or an affordable housing overlay where eligible projects would qualify for streamlined California Environmental Quality Act review, ministerial permit processing, and additional incentives beyond those allowed under the State density bonus.

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Objective(s) 7a: Permit development by-right on qualifying sites identified to accommodate the lower- income RHNA that were identified in previous Housing Elements in accordance with State law.
7b: Identify key opportunity areas for infill development and residential growth, focus 60% of new growth in areas near existing resources and amenities such as recreation, education, and retail.
7c: Conduct focused plan amendments, where appropriate.

Timeframe 7a: By October 15, 2024
7b–7c: Fall 2025
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only– City General Fund or State Grant Relevant Policies 1.1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 5.5 Fair Housing Issue Disparities in Access to Opportunity; RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation Contributing Factor(s) The availability of affordable units in a range of sizes, including near services or amenities.

Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity/ Place-based Strategies • Stre
amlined review and permit process for 100% of eligible lower-income sites to remove barriers and increase housing choices and affordability. • Increased opportunities f
or investments and facilitating the production of affordable housing in areas with access to opportunity with 60% of new growth focused in areas near existing resources and amenities such as recreation, education, and retail.

PROGRAM 8: CODE COMPLIANCE
Continue to implement a code compliance program to assist property owners in addressing both Building Code and Z oning Cod e v iolations. This program is implemented by responding to complaints and through field observations, an d as sists p roperty owners with bringing their property into compliance. To further expand upon this program, the City will conduct a comprehensive survey of current housing conditions in Indio and use the data collected to better connect households with assistance resources as they become available.

Objective(s) 8a: Develop housing rehabilitation and code compliance informational resources. 8b: Where housing rehabilitation funds are available, use available data to connect eligible residents with code compliance issues to funding. 8c: Conduct a housing condition survey.

Timeframe 8a–8b: Spring 2023 and Ongoing
8c: Spring 2024.

Responsible Agency Code Enforcement; Housing & Neighborhood Services Division of Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund; Federal Community Development Block Grant Funds Relevant Policies 3.1, 3.2
Fair Housing Issue Disproportionate Housing Needs, including Displacement Risk Contributing Factor(s) Lack of existing data to connect residents with resources.

Program/Action Type Place-based Strategies to Encourage Community Conservation and Revitalization • Proac
tive code enforcement efforts that target areas of concentrated rehabilitation needs by connecting eligible residents with code compliance issues with available resources, per available funding.
•
Conduct a compr
ehensive survey of housing conditions to better connect households with assistance resources as they become available.

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PROGRAM 9: DENSITY BONUS
The City will review and amend its local Density Bonus Program Ordi nance to ensure consistency with State requirements, including the provision of a bonus for 100% affordable developments and student affordable housing.

Objective(s) 9a: Amend the Density Bonus Program Ordinance consistent with State regulations to increase the use of density bonuses by 10%.

Timeframe 9a: Spring 2023
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5, 5.5
Fair Housing Issue Disproportionate Housing Needs; RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation; Contributing Factor(s) Historical land use and zoning focused on single-family uses and lack of incentives to promote affordable housing.

Program/Action Type Mobility Strategies [Housing/Employment]; New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity
•
Amend Density Bonus Ordinance t
o increase the use of Density Bonuses by 10%.
• Incentivize 100% aff
ordable developments and affordable student housing.
• Incentives and o
ther approaches to promote an increase in housing choices and affordability in high opportunity areas through mixed income strategies.

PROGRAM 10: DEVELOPMENT FEES
The City will review and update its development impact and processing fees to ensure that the fees charged do not exceed the estimated costs required to produce the services and that all fees are in compliance with the California Government Code. The City will further evaluate development fees to identify opportunity to reduce fees in exchange for affordable housing development.

Objective(s) 10a: Analyze and update the fee schedule.

Timeframe 10a: Currently underway with adoption anticipated in Fall 2022.

Responsible Agency City Finance Department; City Public Works Department; City Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.2, 1.8, 2.1, 6.4

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PROGRAM 11: DEVELOPMENT INCENTIVES AND PROGRAMS
Implement a range of financial and regulatory incentive approaches to facilitate the development of housing for lower-income households.

This will include evaluation of a local inclusionary ordinance to set aside a portion of new residential
units for lower-income households; floor-area-ratio-based bonuses, such as the one detailed in detailed in Government
Code Section 65917.2; opportunities for increased flexibility in development standards and permit processes in
zones that permit residential uses; incentives in exchange for lot consolidation; and programs that allow densities that exceed ranges defined in the zone for projects providing affordable housing.

In addition to the regulatory and financial incentives in exchange for lot consolidation mentioned above, the City will play an active role in facilitating lot consolidation for the development of h ousing for lower-income households, specifically as it relates to lower-income sites listed in Appendix E of the sites inventory2. For example, the City will work with developers of affordable housing and owners of small sites to identify a nd consolidate parcels to facilitate the development of housing affordable to lower-income households. The City will also develop a pu blicly available online resource with an interactive map that identifies lot consolidation opportunities identified for lower-income housing, site zoning, and other information to assist interested developers. Incentives offered for lot consolidation could include allowing higher densities for larger parcels once consolidated, flexibility in development standards, expedited processing and/or reduced fees related to consolidation.

Objective(s) 11a: Evaluate the development of a local inclusionary housing ordinance. 11b: Amend Zoning Code to increase flexibility in development standards. 11c. Identify programs and incentives to facilitate affordable housing production. 11d. Create a financial or regulatory incentive that can be offered in exchange for lot consolidation of lower-income sites, such as additional density, flexibility in development standards, expedited processing and/or reduced fees related to consolidation. 11e. Develop online resource with interactive map that identifies lot consolidation opportunities.
11f. Work with developers of affordable housing and owners of small sites to identify lot consolidation opportunities for the development of affordable housing.

Timeframe 11a–11d: Winter 2025
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund or Grant Funding
Relevant Policies 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 4.2, 4.4, 5.4, 5.5, 6.5 Fair Housing Issue RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation; Disproportionate Housing Needs Contributing Factor(s) Historical land use and zoning trends and lack of incentives to promote lot consolidation for affordable housing sites.

Program/Action Type Mobility Strategies [Housing/Employment]; New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity
•
Increased fle
xibility in development standards, and programs and incentives to increase housing choices and affordability in high opportunity areas. • Financial or regula
tory incentive in exchange for lot consolidation of lower-income sites.
• Evalua
ting the development of an inclusionary housing fee to increase funding for affordable housing.
• Technical assis
tance and interactive online resources to encourage lot consolidation that increases multifamily, affordable housing choices. 2 Consolidated sit es identified for the development of housing for lower-income household are identified in Exhibit A of Appendix E, Sites Inventory and Analysis. Refer to “Consolidated Sites” A through L in in Table A for parcel specific details.

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PROGRAM 12: DEVELOPMENT PERMIT STREAMLINING
The City provides an affordable housing streamlined approval process in accordance with State requirements for qualifying development proposals and reports on affordable housing streamlining applications in the Housing Element Annual Progress Report (Senate Bill (SB) 35, 2017). The City will identify opportunities to
expand this streamlining to other developments, including developments that voluntarily participate in green building practices, to further assist with the reduction in permit processing times.

Objective(s) 12a: Include SB 35 streamlining in staff permitting processes procedures. 12b: Amend the Zoning Code to expand development permit streamlining.

Timeframe 12a–12b: Fall 2022
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.2, 2.1, 4.4, 5.3
PROGRAM 13: EMPLOYEE HOUSING
The City will amend the Zoning Code to ensure that employee housing for six or fewer people is permitted in accordance with the same regulations as a single-family residence in the same zone. Additionally, the Zoning Code will be amended to ensure that employee housing consisting of no more than 12 units or 36 beds is permitted as an agricultural use, in the same manner as other agricultural uses in the same zone in accordance with Section 17000 of the Health and Safety Code.

Objective(s) 13a: Define employee housing within the Zoning Code and develop a process by which employee housing can be developed in accordance with State law. 13b: Amend the Zoning Code to provide explicit zoning that complies with State Health and Safety Code Sections 17021.5 and 17021.6
Timeframe 13a-13b: Spring 2023
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.4, 1.5, 1.6
Fair Housing Issue Disparities in Access to Opportunities; Disparities in Access to Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities
Contributing Factor(s) Land use and local zoning laws fail to permit employee housing in accordance with State law.

Program/Action Type Mobility Strategies [Housing/Employment]; New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity
•
Zoning to incr
ease opportunities for the development of employee housing. • Zoning to incr
ease housing choices and affordability in high opportunity areas.

PROGRAM 14: ENERGY CONSERVATION
Promote energy conservation through coordination with the Imperial Irrigation District to obtain information on loans, grants, or other incentives that might be available for voluntary energy reduction, and to obtain other relevant information on energy efficiency. The City will provide energy conservation awareness resources on its website and update this information as needed to ensure current information is maintained.

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Objective(s) 14a: Coordinate with the Imperial Irrigation District. 14b: Update City website with available resources and information.

Timeframe 14a–14b: Ongoing
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund
Relevant Policies 3.1, 3.2, 5.2, 5.3
PROGRAM 15: EXTERNAL FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES
The City recognizes the opportunity to apply for available external funds for the construction, preservation, and improvement of housing affordable to lower-income households, as well as planning and infrastructure funding available to support housing development. External funding sources from State and Federal programs provide increased opportunities to develop and maintain housing affordable to Indio residents. To maximize the City’s ability to secure outside funding, the City will continue to monitor and apply for available funding/financing sources that may be used for housing, and support and adopt policies and programs that position the City as a competitive applicant for such funding opportunities, such as competitive State funding grant programs in the areas of housing, transportation, infrastructure, and land use. Where funding is secured and where funding sources allow, the City will prioritize funding housing that may be made available for extremely low-income households.

Objective(s) 15a: Seek, monitor, and apply for funding opportunities. 15b: Support and adopt policies and programs that position Indio as a competitive applicant for funding opportunities.

Timeframe 15a–15b: Ongoing, annually
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Multiple Funding Sources (such as City General Fund, or State or Federal Grant Funding Relevant Policies 1.5, 1.7, 2.6, 3.3, 4.1, 5.1, 6.4
Fair Housing Issue RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation; Disparities in Access to Opportunity Contributing Factor(s) Lack of access to public funding and public investments in specific neighborhoods.

Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity/ Place-based Strategies to Encourage Community Conservation and Revitalization
•
Apply for new funding sour
ces and provide funding for the development, maintenance and infrastructure needed to support new or existing affordable housing choices in areas of opportunity.
•
Prioritize 100% of funding, as available, f
or affordable housing choices for extremely
low-income households.

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PROGRAM 16: FAIR HOUSING REFERRAL AND MEDIATION
The City contracts with the Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board (IFHMB) to provide fair housing services for its residents. The City will maintain this partnership and will provide information regarding available fair housing services on the City’s website. The fair housing services provided by the IFHMB include providing

information, investigation, education, conciliation, and/or referrals of housing discrimination complaints free of charge to individuals. It also provides fair housing workshops that are offered year-round to educate housing providers, tenants, homeowners, and financial and lending institutions on the key aspects of fair housing law. Further, IFHMB’s mediation department provides information to landlords, tenants, mobile

home park owners, and mobile home residents regarding their rights and responsibilities under the California Landlord and T
enant Laws, and facilitates negotiations between parties in housing-related disputes.

Objective(s) 16a: Update and maintain the City’s website with fair housing resources and information. 16b: Continue to contract with IFHMB to provide fair housing services to residents, and provide access to resources and information or refer 100% of residents with Fair Housing, mediation, or discrimination related inquiries to IFHMB.

Timeframe 16a: Spring 2023
16b: Ongoing throughout planning period
Responsible Agency IFHMB, Community Development Department Funding Sources Federal Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Funds Relevant Policies 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.5
Fair Housing Issue Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach Capacity Contributing Factor(s) Lack of dissemination of local resources related to fair housing and tenant resources.

Program/Action Type Protecting Existing Residents from Displacement; Other • Ensuring 100% of residents with inquiries rela
ted to Fair Housing services, landlord/
tenant and mobile home mediation, housing counseling, and alternative dispute resolution are provided with information or referred to resources through IFHMB.

PROGRAM 17: HOUSING ASSISTANCE RESOURCES
To maximize participation in housing assistance programs for lower-income and special needs populations, the City shall develop and disseminate informational materials and resources to inform residents of housing assistance program availability, eligibility, and requirements. The City will dedicate and maintain a webpage to provide resources and information related to housing assistance.

Objective(s) 17a: Update the City’s website to provide information and resources related to housing assistance programs.

Timeframe 17a: Spring 2023 and Ongoing
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund; Federal Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Funds Relevant Policies 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

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PROGRAM 18: PRESERVATION OF EXISTING AFFORDABLE HOUSING UNITS The City will continue to work with the Riverside County Housing Authority to monitor affordable housing units identified as being at-risk of conversion to market-rate housing. This will include collaboration on the identification of financial resources and establishing partnerships with affordable housing developers and/or property owners willing to maintain units as affordable to lower-income households, including extremely low-income households. Preventing the conversion of at-risk units to market-rate housing will ensure tenants are not displaced and that affordable units are not lost. The extension of existing project-based rental assistance covenants, or utilization of other funding sources, will help preserve affordability. The City will continue to find ways to identify solutions to housing preservation through collaboration with the Riverside County Housing Authority.

Additionally, the City will work toward maintaining the rent restrictions of at-risk developments by monitoring any changes in ownership, management, and status of deed-restrictions.

The agreement for Desert Gardens rental assistance is set to expire in 2030. This property is owned and operated by the Coachella Valley Housing Coalition. This property has been identified as a low risk of expiration because the likeliness that the contract with the U.S. Department of Agriculture will be renewed is extremely high and this property has been owned and maintained as an affordable housing development by the non-profit Coachella Valley Housing Coalition since 1998. The City will contact the Coachella Valley Housing Coalition to discuss strategies for preserving the affordability for Desert Gardens.

Objective(s) 18a: Increase collaboration with the Riverside County Housing Authority through improved communications.
18b: Assist in monitoring deed-restricted units by tracking existing and new affordability covenants in Indio.
18c: Contact the Coachella Valley Housing Coalition to identify a strategy for ongoing preservation of affordability for the Desert Gardens and preserve the 88 units.

Timeframe 18a–18b: Ongoing
18c: Fall 2026
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund
Relevant Policies 2.5, 3.1, 3.2
Fair Housing Issue Disproportionate Housing Needs and Displacement Risk Contributing Factor(s) Potential displacement of residents due to economic pressures and needed renter protections.

Program/Action Type Place-based Strategies to Encourage Community Conservation and Revitalization/ Protecting Existing Residents from Displacement
•
Tracking chang
es in ownership, management, and status of deed-restrictions to monitor deed-restricted units.
• Increased r
egional coordination to increase the preservation of existing affordable housing.
• Identify a stra
tegy with the Coachella Valley Housing Coalition to preserve 100% of affordable units in the Desert Gardens development.

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PROGRAM 19: HOUSING REHABILITATION
The City provides housing rehabilitation support to eligible residents through the current Minor Home Repair Program. Eligible homeowners are those who live in Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) eligible areas within the City, own their homes, meet income requirements, and whose home are in need of urgent habitability repairs. Assistance includes grant funding to complete repairs to plumbing; electrical; heating, ventilation, and air conditioning units; water heaters; roofs; and other repairs that are urgently needed to keep homeowners/occupants in their homes. The City will also pursue a Citywide Residential Façade Improvement Program to help preserve and maintain housing for households that may not be eligible for housing rehabilitation support outside of CDBG eligible census tracts.

Objective(s) 19a: Identify opportunities to increase funding for housing rehabilitation. 19b: Assist in home repairs for at least 50 eligible households throughout the planning period.
19c: Identify funding to support a Residential Façade Improvement Program.

Timeframe 19a-19b: Ongoing, Annually
19c: Ongoing
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Various potential funding sources, including the Federal Community Development Block Grant Program (CDBG)
Relevant Policies 2.5, 3.1, 3.2
Fair Housing Issue Disparities in Access to Opportunity; RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation Contributing Factor(s) Lack of access to financial services for rehabilitation efforts.

Program/Action Type Place-based Strategies to Encourage Community Conservation and Revitalization • Invest in rehabilit
ation efforts for targeted neighborhoods in CDBG eligible areas. • Assist in home rep
airs for at least 50 eligible households throughout the planning period.

PROGRAM 20: INCREASED TRANSPARENCY
The City will maintain information on the Cityʼs website that is applicable for housing development project proposal requirements, including a current schedule of fees, exactions, applicable affordability requirements, all zoning ordinances, development standards, and annual fee reports or other relevant financial reports. Further, the City will identify opportunities to develop publicly available online map resources that identify vacant parcels, site zoning, and other site information to assist interested developers. (
AB 1483, 2019)
Objective(s) 20a: Update and maintain the City’s website.

Timeframe 20a: Spring 2023 and Ongoing
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.8

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PROGRAM 21: LOCAL HOUSING TRUST FUND
The City will explore the establishment of a Local Housing Trust Fund dedicated to the creation, rehabilitation, and preservation of affordable housing, transitional housing, and emergency shelters. The fund will prioritize housing opportunities for households with special needs and extremely/very low-income households. Alternatively, the City will explore funding sources, such as commercial linkage fees, an inclusionary housing ordinance, or other fees or taxes, and identify a dedicated revenue source that ensures the availability of resources on a regular basis for affordable housing for lower-income households, especially extremely low-income households and those with special needs.

Objective(s) 21a: Explore opportunities for dedicated funding sources for affordable housing. 21b: Explore the establishment of a Local Housing Trust Fund.

Timeframe 21a–21b: Fall 2023
Responsible Agency Community Development Department and Finance Department Funding Sources City General Funds for Administrative Costs Relevant Policies 1.4, 2.5, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
Fair Housing Issue RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation; Disproportionate Housing Needs Contributing Factor(s) Lack of affordable housing choices, and funding sources Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity • Prioritize at le
ast 50% of funds for opportunities for households with special needs and extremely or very low-income households to promote adequate housing supply and choice in areas of opportunity.
• Explore the es
tablishment of a Local Housing Trust Fund as a mechanism to develop affordable housing.

PROGRAM 22: LOW-BARRIER NAVIGATION CENTERS
Low-Barrier Navigation Centers are housing-first, low-barrier, service-enriched shelters focused on moving people into permanent housing that provides temporary living facilities while case managers connect individuals experiencing homelessness to income, public benefits, health services, shelter, and housing.

The City will amend the Zoning Code to permit the development of Low-Barrier Navigation Centers as a use by-right in mixed-use and non-residential zones that permit residential uses. (AB 101, 2019) Objective(s) 22a: Amend the Zoning Code.

Timeframe 22a: Fall 2023
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.4, 1.5
Fair Housing Issue Disparities in Access to Opportunities; Disproportionate Housing Needs, Including Displacement Risk
Contributing Factor(s) Lack of by right zoning for Low-Barrier Navigation Centers Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity; Protecting Existing Residents from Displacement
•
Zoning to incr
ease housing choices and opportunities for the development of Low-Barrier Navigation Centers
• Stre
amlined approval opportunities for Low-Barrier Navigation Centers to increase resident’s access to case management, benefits enrollment, access to health care, and housing assistance resources.

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PROGRAM 23: MINIMUM UNIT SIZES
To increase flexibility in development standards, the City will amend the Zoning Code to remove minimum unit size
requirements. Minimum unit sizes will instead be mandated in accordance with Building Code requirements.

Objective(s) 23a: Amend the Zoning Code.

Timeframe 23a: Fall 2023
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.2, 1.4, 1.5, 2.1, 2.2, 2.4
Fair Housing Issue Disparities in Access to Opportunity; RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation Contributing Factor(s) Large minimum unit size requirements as a barrier to the availability of affordable units in a range of sizes.

Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity; Mobility Strategies [Housing/Employment]
•
Flexibility in development s
tandards to remove barriers to the development of
affordable housing.
• Reduced minimum dwelling unit siz
es in accordance with State Building Code
requirements, including a reduction in the minimum dwelling unit size required for studios by more than 50%, to promote housing supply, choices and affordability in higher opportunity areas.

PROGRAM 24: NO NET LOSS
The City will monitor development activity, proposed rezones, and identified capacity to ensure adequate remaining capacity is available to meet any remaining unmet share of the RHNA for all income levels throughout the entirety of the planning cycle, consistent with no-net-loss requirements. If, at any time during the planning period, a development project results in fewer units by income category than identified in the Sites Inventory (Appendix E) for that parcel and the City cannot find that the remaining sites in the Housing Element are adequate to accommodate the remaining RHNA by income level, the City will, within 180 days, identify and make available additional adequate sites to accommodate the remaining RHNA. (SB 166, 2017
)
Objective(s) 24a: Amend staff procedures to ensure all development proposals and rezone proposals are reviewed against the capacity identified for sites in the Sites Inventory (Appendix E). 24b: Develop a methodology for tracking remaining capacity.

Timeframe 24a-24b: Fall 2022
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.1, 1.9, 1.10
Fair Housing Issue Disproportionate Housing Needs, Including Displacement Risk Contributing Factor(s) Location and type of affordable housing and opportunities for new development Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity • Ensuring 100% of remaining capacity t
o meet any unmet share of RHNA remains
available throughout the planning period.

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PROGRAM 25: OBJECTIVE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
Increase transparency and certainty in the development process through the creation of objective design standards. Any new design standards developed and imposed by the City shall be objective without involvement of personal or subjective judgement by a public official, and shall be uniformly verifiable by reference to the City’s regulations in accordance with the requirements of the Housing Crisis Act of 2019.

Further, the City will identify opportunities to develop new objective development standards where subjective review currently applies.

Objective(s) 25a: Monitor Zoning Code amendments to ensure any new design standards are objective. 25b: Explore opportunities to develop new objective development standards through Zoning Code and focused plan amendments.
25c: Amend the Zoning Code to clarify the Design and Site Plan review processes.

Timeframe 25a-25b: Ongoing
25c: Fall 2022
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.7, 2.2
PROGRAM 26: ONGOING CODE UPDATES
The City is currently in the process of comprehensively amending its zoning regulations to ensure consistency with the adopted 2040 General Plan. The City will continue to update its regulations, as necessary, in response to legislative changes. Further, the City will monitor opportunities and amend its Zoning Code to streamline, update, and simplify regulations related to housing, where possible.

Objective(s) 26a: Amend and adopt updates to zoning regulations consistent with the 2040 General Plan.
26b: Monitor State legislative changes and amend regulations accordingly. 26c: Explore opportunities to amend the Zoning Code to increase flexibility and certainty in the development process.

Timeframe 26a: Fall 2022
26b–26c: Ongoing
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.7, 2.2

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PROGRAM 27: PLACE-BASED STRATEGIES
Place-based planning strategies can be used to improve neighborhoods through localized solutions that increase opportunities for lower-income households. Using place-based strategies, the City will identify areas that are ideal for focused planning efforts that will further fair housing, such as prioritizing infrastructure needs to serve existing or planned affordable housing. The identification and prioritization of areas will focus on opportunities to further fair housing through focused planning efforts that enhance community access to opportunity, especially for households with special needs and lower-income households, including extremely low-income households.

This will include the evaluation of opportunities for Enhanced Infrastructure Financing Districts, gap funding for infrastructure through grant pursuits, and increased collaboration with other agen cies to coordinate opportunities to capitalize on existing and planned projects. Additionally, the City will work with the local school districts to facilitate the coordination of existing and planned affordable housing with support services available to students and their parents, such as after-school programs. Through the allocation of funding and resources, the City will prioritize, invest in, and build-up underinvested communities to further fair housing and better meet the n eeds of lower-income households, including extremely low-income households and those with special needs.

Objective(s) 27a: Identify resources and opportunity areas for place-based strategies. Ensure 100% of place-based strategies target opportunities to advance fair housing. 27b: Develop a methodology by which opportunity areas can be prioritized through the lens of fair housing.
27c: Increase coordination and collaboration with relevant departments, agencies, and school districts.

Timeframe 27a: Spring 2024 and ongoing
27b: Summer 2025
27c: Annual and Ongoing
Responsible Agency Community Development Department, Public Works Department and Finance Department
Funding Sources City General Fund for Administrative Costs and Grant Funds Relevant Policies 1.6, 1.7, 1.10, 2.6, 4.4, 5.1, 5.4, 5.5 Fair Housing Issue RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation; Disparities in Access to Opportunities Contributing Factor(s) Lack of targeted revitalization strategies Program/Action Type Place-based Strategies to Encourage Community Conservation and Revitalization; Mobility Strategies [Housing/Employment]
•
Focused planning effort
s that enhance community access to opportunities, including evaluating opportunities for Enhanced Infrastructure Financing Districts, gap funding for infrastructure through grant pursuits, and increased collaboration with other agencies to coordinate opportunities to capitalize on existing and planned projects. •
Ensure 100% of place
-based strategies target opportunities to advance fair housing.

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PROGRAM 28: REASONABLE ACCOMMODATION PROCEDURES
Reasonable accommodations (including waiver of regulations, policies, or procedures) are accommodations to afford persons with
disabilities an equal opportunity to use and enjoy a dwelling. To ensure compliance with the federal Fair Housing
Act, the City will develop a process by which reasonable accommodation requests can be made.

Visitors to the
public counter at City Hall will be informed via posted signs and/or notices of their right to request relief from Code regulations and permitting procedures that have a discriminatory effect on housing for individuals with disabilities. The
City will develop a form that can be filled out and submitted by applicants. Requests will specify the regulation,
policy, or procedure from which the applicant is seeking relief and the reason. Requests will be approved, approved with modifications, or declined once staff has made determinations as to the following:
‒
The housing, which is the subject of the request for reasonable accommodation, will be used by an individual with disabilities protected under fair housing laws. The deviation requested is necessary to make housing available to an individual with disabilities protected under fair housing laws. ‒ The requested devia
tion would require a fundamental alteration in the nature of the jurisdiction’s land use and zoning or building program.
‒ The deviation request will no
t impose an undue financial or administrative burden on the City.

Objective(s) 28a: Develop reasonable accommodation procedures and process 100% of received requests.
28b: Develop a reasonable accommodation application and informational resources.

Timeframe 28a–28b: Winter 2023
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – Community Development Department Relevant Policies 1.4, 3.3, 6.5
Fair Housing Issue Disparities in Access to Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities; Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach
Contributing Factor(s) Lack of reasonable accommodations procedure and resources for housing accessibility modifications.

Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity; Protecting Existing Residents from Displacement
•
Process 100% of reasonable ac
commodation requests received to increase Fair
Housing services and accessible housing opportunities.
• Inform residents to their right t
o request relief from Code regulations and permitting
procedures that have a discriminatory effect on housing for individuals with disabilities.

PROGRAM 29: REDUCED PARKING REQUIREMENTS
The City will identify opportunities to reduce parking requirements for sites that are zoned to allow residential development through a data-informed approach that will reduce the overall cost of housing development. This will include, but not be limited to, increased flexibility in parking requirements for affordable and mixed-income developments, as well as reductions in exchange for public amenities.

Additionally, the City will develop development standards that ensure that emergency shelters are subject to parking standards that accommodate the staff working in the emergency shelter, provided that the standards do not require more parking for emergency shelters than other uses in the same zone (AB 139, 2019). Further, the City will ensure that appropriate parking reductions apply to any development proposals that would
eliminate religious-use parking spaces in exchanged for housing developments, in accordance with State law. (AB 1851, 2020)

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Objective(s) 29a: Amend the Zoning Code to identify a process by which parking requirements can be reduced for religious institutions in exchange for housing development. 29b: Amend the Zoning Code to calculating Emergency Shelter parking requirements based on the demonstrated need to accommodate staff. 29c: Reduce parking requirements for multifamily housing.

Timeframe 29a-29c: Fall 2023
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.2, 1.8, 2.1, 2.2
Fair Housing Issue Disparities in Access to Opportunity; RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation Contributing Factor(s) Parking requirements as a barrier to the development of affordable units in a range of sizes.

Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity; Mobility Strategies [Housing/Employment]
•
Increase fle
xibility in development standards to remove barriers to the development of affordable housing.
• Reduced p
arking requirements for affordable and mixed-income residential developments, and parking reductions in exchange for public amenities to encourage increased neighborhood resources and amenities. •
Amendments to p
arking standards for emergency shelters and reduced parking requirements for religious institutions in exchange for housing.

PROGRAM 30: REPLACEMENT REQUIREMENTS
The City will mand ate replacement requirements consistent with the Housing Crisis Act of 2019 for proposed housing
developments on sites that currently have residential uses, or within the past 5 years have had residential uses that have been vacated or demolished, that are or were subject to a recorded covenant, ordinance, or law that restricts rents to levels affordable to persons and families of low or very low income, subject to any other form of rent
or price control, or occupied by low- or very low-income households. Further, the City will work with tenants of units
that could be redeveloped and provide them with education regarding tenant rights and replacement procedures.

Objective(s) 30a: Amend staff procedures related to the review and issuance of demolition and development permits.
30b: Enforce replacement requirements in accordance with Government Code Section 66300 for 100% of all applicable projects.

Timeframe 30a–30b: Fall 2022
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.9, 2.3, 2.7, 3.2, 5.5, 6.2, 6.5
Fair Housing Issue Disproportionate Housing Needs, Including Displacement Risks Contributing Factor(s) Displacement of residents due to economic pressures Program/Action Type Protecting Existing Residents from Displacement • Enforce replacement requirements for 100% of applicable projects to protect tenants from displacement risk and accommodate the housing needs of lower-income households.

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PROGRAM 31: REZONING OPPORTUNITIES
To maintain adequate capacity and to increase opportunities for development, the City will continue to identify areas
appropriate for increased residential densities, specifically in areas with access to resources, amenities, and public transit. The City will discuss opportunities at the annual housing forums.

Objective(s) 31a: Continue to work with developers and the broader community and explore opportunities to rezone areas ideal for increased housing capacity. Prioritize 80% of rezones in areas with access to amenities such as recreation, services, education, and other needs.

Timeframe 31a: Ongoing, Annually
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.4, 1.6, 1.7, 1.9, 1.10, 4.2
Fair Housing Issue Disparities in Access to Opportunity; RECAPs, and Integration/Segregation Contributing Factor(s) Historical land use and zoning focused on single-family uses that limit housing choices.

Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity; Mobility Strategies [Housing/Employment]
•
Discuss opportunities for incre
ased residential densities in targeted areas at the
annual housing forum to create opportunities for multifamily housing and remove barriers to development.
•
Prioritizing 80% of rezones in ar
eas with access to amenities such as recreation,
services, education, and other needs to promote housing supply, choices and affordability in areas of high opportunity.

PROGRAM 32: SECTION 8: HOUSING CHOICE VOUCHER
The City will continue participation with the Riverside County Housing Authority to connect eligible Indio residents to Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers. The City will provide information on the City’s website on the availability of Section 8 programs and other relevant resources.

Objective(s) 32a: Update the City’s website with relevant information and resources. 32b: Increase coordination with the Riverside County Housing Authority through annual meetings.

Timeframe 32a: Spring 2023
32b: Annually
Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 4.1, 5.1, 6.5
Fair Housing Issue RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation Contributing Factor(s) Lack of regional coordination and limited opportunities for housing choice vouchers.

Program/Action Type Mobility Strategies [Housing/Employment] • Annual meeting to incr
ease coordination with Riverside County Housing Authority. • Connect eligible resident
s to Housing Choice Vouchers opportunities to increase their chance for housing mobility.

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PROGRAM 33: SITES INVENTORY ZONING UPDATE PROGRAM
As fully analyzed in Appendix E, Sites Analysis and Inventory, the City has a remaining lower-income RHNA of 2,286 units for the 6th Cycle planning period. However, the City is in the process of updating its Zoning Ordinance (Zoning Code) as of November 2021. Through the Zoning Code update, the City’s zoning regulations will be brought into conformity with the Indio General Plan 2040 adopted in September 2019. The updated zoning regulations, which will be adopted in mid-2022, will implement the 2040 General Plan, including the allowed densities and uses.

The Sites Analysis and Inventory included in Appendix E, relied on the existing 2040 General Plan land use designations and densities, which will be consistent with the updated Zoning Code. As such, the City will adopt the updated Zoning Code to accommodate the remaining lower-income RHNA of 2,286 units.

Pursuant to State law, the program to address the lower-income RHNA shortfall must adhere to the following components:
‒ Sites must accommodate 100 percent of the shortfall for very low- and low-income units. ‒ Sites must allow a minimum of 16 units per site.
‒ Sites must permit a minimum of 20 dwelling units per acre. ‒ Sites must allow 100 percent residential use and r
equire residential use to occupy at least 50 percent of the floor area in a mixed-use project.
‒ Sites must permit owner-occupied and rental multifamily uses by right pursuant to Government Code section 65583.2(i) for developments in which 20 percent or more of the units are affordable to lower-income households.

Under the updated Zoning Code, there will be a realistic capacity for 3,160 lower-income units in the Mixed Use Neighborhood (MUN), sites 15-26, and Mid-Town (MT) zones, sites 29-68, as identified in Table 16, Sites Inventory Table (Appendix E). The City will ensure that the components required by State law will encompass a minimum of 114.3 acres of sites in the MUN and MT designations to accommodate the remaining lower-income RHNA of 2,286. The remaining 874 units will provide a generous buffer of approximately 30 percent more capacity than required.

Summary of Lower-Income Capacity and Shortfall
Category Lower-Income Units
RHNA 2,963

1. Entitled, Permitted, or Constructed
Pipeline Project Projects 396

2. Accessory Dwelling Unit Potential 48

3. Downtown Specific Plan Existing Capacity Identified 233 Total Existing Capacity (#1-3) 677
Existing Deficit (-)/ Lower-Income Shortfall 2,286

4. MUN and MT Capacity Identified After Rezone 3,160
Total Capacity After Rezone (#1-4) 3,837
Surplus (+) After Rezone/Buffer Sites 874

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As reflected in Appendix E, each site identified has the capacity to accommodate at least 16 units and will be available for development in the planning period where water, sewer, and dry utilities can be provided.

Objective(s) 3a: Update City Zoning Ordinance and create opportunity for at least 2,286 units of multifamily housing for lower-income households.

Timeframe 3a: Adopt updated Zoning Ordinance within a year of Housing Element adoption.

Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.4, 1.6, 1.7, 1.9, 1.10, 4.2
Fair Housing Issue RECAPs, and/ or Integration/Segregation; Disparities in Access to Opportunities Contributing Factor(s) Historical land use and zoning focused on single-family uses that limit housing choices.

Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity; Mobility Strategies [Housing/Employment]
•
Rezoning t
o create the opportunity for developing 3,160 new affordable units. • Increased r
esidential densities to remove barriers to development and create opportunities for new housing supply and affordability near higher opportunity areas. • Stre
amlined approval for qualifying affordable, multifamily sites through by right approval for developments with 20% or more units affordable to lower-income households.

PROGRAM 34: SUPPORTIVE HOUSING
The City will amend the Zoning Code to allow supportive housing by right in residential zones that permit multifamily uses and mixed-use zones that allow residential uses. (AB 2162, 2018) Objective(s) 33a: Amend the Zoning Code.

Timeframe 33a: Currently underway with expected completion in Fall 2022.

Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.4, 1.5, 2.5
Fair Housing Issue Disparities in Access to Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities Contributing Factor(s) Lack of by right zoning for supportive housing Program/Action Type New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity • Zoning to allo
w supportive housing by right and increase housing choices, and opportunities for the development of supportive housing in high opportunity areas.

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PROGRAM 35: SURPLUS LANDS
The City will identify and prioritize State and local surplus lands available for housing development affordable to lower-income households and report on these lands annually through the Housing Element Annual Progress Report. (AB 1486, 2019)
Objective(s) 34a: Identify and track surplus City-owned sites. Prioritize 100% of surplus sites for affordable housing.
34b: Coordinate with other agencies to track sites with opportunity for housing development.

Timeframe 34a–34b: Ongoing; Annually
Responsible Agency Community Development Department, Economic Development Department and City Manager’s Office
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.5, 1.9, 1.10
Fair Housing Issue RECAPs, and Integration/Segregation
Contributing Factor(s) Location and type of affordable housing; Limited public funds for development of affordable housing
Program/Action Type Mobility Strategies [Housing/Employment] • Prioritize 100% of surplus sites f
or the development of affordable housing to connect
developers who are interested in building more affordable homes to surplus local public land that is both available and suitable for affordable housing development.

PROGRAM 36: WATER AND SEWER PRIORITY SERVICES
Pursuant to Chapter 727, Statutes of 2005 (SB 1087), the City is required to deliver its adopted Housing Element and any amendments thereto to local water and sewer service providers. This legislation allows for coordination between the City and water and sewer providers when considering approval of new residential projects. The Indio Water Authority and the Coachella Valley Water District are responsible for providing water service to the City, and the Valley Sanitation District oversees wastewater conveyance and treatment. As such, the City will distribute a copy of the adopted 6th Cycle Housing Element to the area water and sewer providers.

The current 2020 Coachella Valley Regional Urban Water Management Plan acknowledges the requirements and includes the projected water use for single-family and multifamily housing needed for lower-income households.

The Community Development Department will coordinate with the area water and sewer providers to ensure
that proposed developments which include housing affordable to lower-income households, including extremely low- an d ve ry-low income, are prioritized. The coordination efforts will further support the prioritization of water and sewer services for future residential development, including units affordable to lower- income households.

Objective(s) 28a: Distribute adopted Housing Element to the area water and sewer providers. 28b: Increased coordination with the area water and sewer providers to ensure that adopted policies prioritize water and sewer allocation for affordable housing development.

Timeframe 27a: Distribute adopted Housing Element to the area water and sewer providers upon local adoption of the 6th Cycle Housing Element.
28b: Ongoing Coordination.

Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.4, 1.6, 1.7, 1.9, 1.10, 4.2

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PROGRAM 37: ZONING CODE UPDATES FOR THE REMOVAL OF CONSTRAINTS The City is in the process of updating its Zoning Ordinance (Zoning Code) as of November 2021. Through the Zoning Code update, the Cityʼs zoning regulations will be brought into conformity with the Indio G eneral Plan 2040 adopted in September 2019. The updated zoning regulations, which will be adopted in mid-2022, will implement the 2040 General Plan, including the allowed densities and uses. Through this update the City will remove and minimize constraints to the development of housing, including multifamily housing, housing for lower income households, housing to meet the needs of extremely low-income households, and housing for those with special needs. Specific constraints to development that will be removed or minimized include the following: minimum square footage requirements for residential uses, minimum parking requirements, permit processes and procedures required of developments, and increased provision of uses that can be permitted by-right, including identification of a zone where large community care facilities serving seven or more people can be permitte d without discretion.

Additionally, the Cityʼs Zoning Code incorrectly states that the Emergency Shelter Overlay District is considered a Combining
Overlay District, suggesting that Emergency Shelters are subject to the Combining Overlay District discretionary approval. Through the Zoning Code update, the City will amend this language to clarify that Emergency Shelters are permitted by-right, in accordance with State law. (AB 139) Objective(s) 37a: Complete comprehensive update to the Zoning Code.

Timeframe 37a: Currently underway with expected completion in Fall 2022.

Responsible Agency Community Development Department
Funding Sources Regulatory only – City General Fund
Relevant Policies 1.4, 1.6, 1.7, 1.9, 1.10, 4.2
Fair Housing Issue Disparities in Access to Opportunities; Disproportionate Housing Needs, Including Displacement Risks
Contributing Factor(s) Failure to allow emergency shelters by right; Historical land use and zoning law patterns creating regulatory barriers to housing.

Program/Action Type Protecting Existing Residents from Displacement; New Housing Choices and Affordability in Areas of Opportunity
•
Zoning to allow Emergency Shelters by right and protect residents from displacement through increased opportunities for the development of Emergency Shelters. •
Reducing barriers to development and increasing opportunities for housing in higher opportunity zones by removing or reducing minimum square footage requirements for residential uses, minimum parking requirements, permit processes and procedures required of developments, and increased provision of uses that can be permitted by right.

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6th Cycle Housing Element
Appendices
Appen
dix A: 5th Cycle Review
Appendix B: Community Profile
Appendix C: Constraints and Zoning Analysis
Appendix D: Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing Analysis Appendix E: Sites Analysis and Inventory
Appendix F: Community Engagement Summary

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Appendix A: 5th Cycle Review

Table of Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 1 2 Evaluation of Previous Housing Element Implementation......................................................................... 1 3 Review of Programs Addressing the Housing Needs for the Population With Special Needs ................ 16

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1 Introduction
For the 5th Cycle General Plan Housing Element (2014–2021), the City of Indio (City) committed to specific programs to address the comprehensive housing needs of the City and to help achieve the goals identified in the 5th Cycle Housing Element. This section evaluates progress made toward the goals and actions of the 5th Cycle Housing Element, and was used as a foundation to inform the programs of the 6th Cycle Housing Element (2021–2029) tailored to meet this cycle’s housing needs. California Government Code Section 65588(a) requires each jurisdiction to regularly review its Housing Element and evaluate the following:
• The progress in implementation of the Housing Element. • The effectiveness of the Housing Element programs in progress toward achieving the housing goals and objectives.
• The appropriateness of the housing goals, objectives, and policies, and in contributing to the attainment of the State housing goal.
2 Evaluation of Previous Housing Element Implementation This evaluation provides information on the extent to which programs have achieved stated objectives, and whether these programs continue to be relevant to addressing current and future housing needs in the City. The success of a program toward achieving the 5th Cycle goals is the basis for the goals, policies, and programs, and the establishment of objectives provided in the 6th Cycle. Table 1 lists each program from the 2014–2021 Housing Element, and identifies the program progress, effectiveness, and appropriateness. The goals, policies, and programs of the 6th Cycle Housing Element are reflective of their effectiveness from the 5th Cycle, as determined by this evaluation.

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Table 1: Evaluations of 2014–2021 Housing Element Implementation 5th Cycle Goal/Policy Action Action Objective Progress in Implementation Goal 1: To increase the availability of permanent housing for all community residents .

Policy Action 1.1: Adopt Reasonable Accommodation Procedures In order to ensure compliance with the federal Fair Housing Act, the City will continue to adhere to the following policy regarding requests for reasonable accommodation. All visitors to the public counter at City Hall will be informed via posted signs and/or notices of their right to request relief from Code regulations and permitting procedures that have a discriminatory effect on housing for individuals with disabilities. Requests must specify the regulation, policy, or procedure from which the applicant is seeking relief and the reason. Requests will be approved, approved with
modifications, or declined once staff has made determinations as to:
• the qualifying status of the individual;
• the necessity of the accommodation; and
• the financial or administrative burden on the City.

Adopt reasonable
accommodation
procedures.

Progress: The City has not adopted a Reasonable Accommodation Procedure.

Effectiveness: Although the City is required to make reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities with respect to planning and building regulations and permitting procedures, it has not yet adopted a formal policy for processing requests for accommodation and determining their reasonableness.

Appropriateness: Revise and continue. Under the Federal Fair Housing Act, the City is required to establish a procedure for persons with disabilities seeking fair access to housing to make requests for reasonable accommodations. This policy should be revised to ensure that it is completed, and this procedure is available and accessible so that those who may need to make a request understand what steps to take.

Policy Action 1.2: Farmworker Housing
The City recognizes the need for housing suitable for farmworkers in Indio. Section B.9.f of the Housing Element describes the farmworker housing needs in the City. To help ensure adequate farmworker housing is available, the City shall annually assess the need for farm worker housing and, as deemed necessary, produce a report or memorandum assessing the housing needs of the farmworker population and identifying further opportunities to partner with developers to provide additional units. The City may also develop partnerships with outside organizations conducting similar assessments of farmworker housing needs. Based on the City’s findings, an action plan to address any identified need for farmworker housing will be developed. This action plan will include outreach to nonprofit housing developers and agricultural stakeholders, identifying suitable and available sites for housing for farmworkers, in‐ kind technical assistance for housing developers pursuing funding resources and entitlements and priority processing for farmworker housing projects. Recently, the Coachella Valley Housing coalition started construction of 85 new Encourage and
facilitate
development of 115
farmworker housing
units.

Progress: The City conducts outreach to non-profit housing developers and agricultural stakeholders on an ongoing basis to encourage and facilitate development of farmworker housing units.

In 2014, the Coachella Valley Housing Coalition completed the construction of 85 new units, including 84 farmworker affordable units, as part of the Villa Hermosa Apartments. In 2019, Phase II of the Villa Hermosa Apartments were completed, which includes 67 affordable farmworker units.

Effectiveness: The City was effective in developing 67 new apartment units completed during the 2014–2021 Housing
Element planning period to serve the farmworker population.

Additionally, building permits have been issued for 100 units, including 99 very-low-income deed-restricted farmworker units, and are expected to be completed during the 2021–2029 planning period in Phase III of the Villa Hermosa Apartments.

Appropriateness: Revise and continue. Policy 1.2 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update. With the existing farmworker units that are currently serving the community, it is recommended that the City continue facilitating the development of the 100 units as part of Phase III of Villa Hermosa during the 6th

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Cycle planning period, and plan to identify additional development opportunities for approximately 100 additional farmworker housing units based on the current needs assessment. It is also recommended that the City monitor the existing farmworker housing units to ensure their preservation at rates affordable to farmworkers.

Policy Action 1.3: Mixed Income Housing
The City shall encourage a balanced residential community through integration of low‐ and moderate‐income housing throughout the City, and the adequate dispersal of such housing to avoid over concentration in any particular neighborhood.

Encourage mixed-
income housing.

Progress: The City has ongoing discussions with developers regarding development opportunities; however, developers cite nongovernmental constraints, such as current market conditions and lack of available public funding, as detrimental to development.

New funding programs are being considered as they become available.

Effectiveness: Indio’s 19 existing affordable housing complexes are spread out, stretching over an area of approximately 4 to 5 miles.

Most complexes are at least 0.5 miles from all other complexes, with the exception of two complexes that are separated by less than 0.25 miles. No affordable complexes currently exist north of Interstate 10.

The 67 lower-income units constructed as part of the Villa Hermosa II Apartments are part of the Fred Young Specific Plan. Additionally, two low-income single-family residential dwellings were constructed in 2018 within an existing single-family residential neighborhood.

Appropriateness: Revise and continue. Policy Action 1.3 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update; however, the unavailability of public funding low- and moderate-income housing funds means that alternative funding sources will need to be identified to support affordable development in specific locations. It is recommended that the City pursue pro-housing policies that employ policy tools that generate revenue to support the creation of affordable housing by charging a fee on new development. Funding may come from a variety of sources, including linkage fees or in lieu payments from an inclusionary housing ordinance, as well as affordable housing impact fee funds. Additionally, the dispersal of low- and moderate-income housing should aim to ensure that households of all economic segments have equal access to resources. An inclusionary requirement in high-resource areas could help achieve this.

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Table 1: Evaluations of 2014–2021 Housing Element Implementation 5th Cycle Goal/Policy Action Action Objective Progress in Implementation Policy Action 1.4: Partnerships with Housing Developers The City supports cooperation in the development of affordable housing through financial and/or technical assistance. The City will cooperate with developers to provide housing opportunities for extremely‐low, very‐low-, low- and moderate-income households.

The City shall also evaluate the effectiveness of its partnerships with non‐profit housing developers on an annual basis. Based on its findings, the City will seek ways to expand and foster its partnerships as appropriate.

The City will assist and encourage housing development for extremely‐low, very‐low, low and moderate income households through a variety of activities such as providing in‐kind technical assistance, funding support, land write‐downs, expedited processing, fee deferrals, and incentives and concessions that meet or exceed State density bonus law as appropriate.

Partnerships with
non‐profit housing
developers.

Progress: The City is in ongoing discussions with developers regarding development opportunities. A total of 151 very-low‐income units were constructed during the planning period.

Effectiveness: The City successfully partnered with the Coachella Valley Housing Coalition to complete Phase II of the Villa Hermosa Apartments with 67 very-low-income deed-restricted units, and expects 99 additional very-low-income deed-restricted units to be completed as part of Phase III. In addition, the City has had multiple discussions with Pacific West Communities Inc., the developer of a proposed 184-unit affordable-housing rental project known as Arroyo Crossing located at 47555 Jefferson Street, Indio CA 92201.

The project will include 182 proposed rent-restricted units: 80% of the units will be designated for very low- and low-income renters, and 20% will be designated for moderate-income renters as part of Phase I, and an additional 218 affordable units will be part of Phase II.

Appropriateness: Continue. Policy Action 1.4 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update. The City of Indio Planning Commission conducted a public hearing for Arroyo Crossing on March 25, 2020.

Once construction begins, the units will be reported in a subsequent Annual Progress Report during the 6th Cycle period.

Policy Action 1.5: Infill Opportunity Partnerships
The City has an adjusted RHNA need of 1,201 units for very‐low and low-income households. The City has a number of
opportunities for infill residential development to meet this need.

The City shall work with housing developers to acquire and develop new housing units in these areas. City assistance may include in‐ kind technical assistance, land acquisition and consolidation and providing infrastructure improvements.

Support and facilitate
the development of
1,201 infill housing
units for very low-
and
low‐income
households.

Progress: The City has ongoing discussions with developers regarding opportunities for infill development that meets the needs of lower‐income households. Since 2014, a total of 0 units have been constructed as infill development during the planning period.

However, there are plans to expand and redevelop the former Indio Fashion Mall into the Indio Marketplace. When completed, the project will include a mixed-use community with approximately 400 residential units.

In total, 151 very-low‐income units were constructed during the planning period, as well as an additional two low-income Habitat for Humanity units that were built and received certificates of occupancy in 2018. Additionally, in 2020, the City issued building permits for 100 units, including 99 very-low-income deed-restricted units for Villa Hermosa Phase III, and two very-low-income deed- restricted units in partnership with Habitat for Humanity.

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Table 1: Evaluations of 2014–2021 Housing Element Implementation 5th Cycle Goal/Policy Action Action Objective Progress in Implementation Effectiveness: The City has fallen short of the 1,201 infill-housing construction objective. This can be attributed partially to real estate market conditions and partially to the unavailability of low- and moderate-income funds to underwrite affordable housing
development. However, there are opportunities for the City to incentivize infill development in the 6th Cycle, particularly in the Downtown, Midtown, and Mixed-Use designations.

Appropriateness: Discontinue. Although opportunities for infill development remain important in the 6th Cycle, Policy Action 1.5 does not remain appropriate for the Housing Element update for the number of infill units the City should aim to develop. The City has been allocated 1,793 very low- income and 1,170 low-income units for the 6th Cycle Housing Element. Although the City will continue to pursue opportunities for infill development to accommodate very low- and low-income households, particularly in the Downtown, Midtown, and Mixed Use designations, it is not feasible to assume that the entirety of the RHNA) target for very low- and low-income units will come from infill development. The City expects planning efforts such as the Downtown Specific Plan and Highway 111 Specific Plan, lot consolidation program, and redevelopment of Indio Fashion Mall to facilitate infill development opportunities.

Goal 2: To remove constraints that hinder the construction of affordable housing.

Policy Action 2.1: Expeditious Development Processing
Lengthy development application processing times can hinder the feasibility of developing affordable housing. In September 2013, the Planning Commission adopted Resolution No. 1655 modifying various section of the Municipal Code to streamline and reduce development and business related impediments. This zone text amendment adds an administrative design review process to reduce processing time for certain land use entitlements. However, to ensure development review and approval timelines are not a constraint to housing development, the City shall continue to monitor average processing times for discretionary development permits on an annual basis. Should the City find that processing times are a constraint to affordable housing development; the City shall revise discretionary processing and approval procedures, as Continue to monitor
processing times.

Progress: Monitoring is ongoing; however, with the recent State legislation that passed (Senate Bill 35, Senate Bill 765, Assembly Bill 831), the City now implements procedures that improve processing times as a way to encourage and support housing development. The City did not process any permits using Senate Bill 35 during the 5th Cycle planning period. In 2019 and 2020, 18 accessory dwelling units were processed by-right.

Effectiveness: The City should continue to monitor development processing times as a potential constraint to development.

Appropriateness: Continue. Policy Action 2.1 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update. It is recommended to increase opportunities for by-right processing for the development of housing, especially housing affordable to lower-income households. It is also recommended that the City revise discretionary processing and approval procedures and increase opportunities for ministerial

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Table 1: Evaluations of 2014–2021 Housing Element Implementation 5th Cycle Goal/Policy Action Action Objective Progress in Implementation needed. The City shall also investigate discretionary processes that may be appropriately handled through administrative processing. processes that may be appropriately handled through administrative staff review through the update to the Zoning Code.

Policy Action 2.2: Standard Application Package
To assist applicants in understanding the requirements and procedures for development approvals prior to application submittal, the City will offer the Standard Application package. The package contains an explanation of the planning application permit process and the application form where all requested actions for the project in regard to the Development Services Department can be checked along with contact numbers and a copy of the fee schedule. The City shall update the Standard Application package as needed to provide current information.

Continue to provide
Standard Application
package.

Progress: The City continues to offer the Standard Application Package on an ongoing basis.

Effectiveness: The program has been effective in establishing consistent expectations for the information applicants are required to provide and eliminating unnecessary delays in the review and approval process.

Appropriateness: Continue. The City will continue providing the Standard Application Package during the 6th Cycle.

Policy Action 2.3: Encourage Housing for Extremely Low-Income Households
The City shall encourage the development of housing units for households earning 30 percent or less of the Median Family Income for Riverside County. Specific emphasis shall be placed on the provision of family housing and non‐traditional housing types such as single‐resident occupancies, transitional facilities and housing units serving temporary needs. The City will encourage development of housing for extremely‐low income households through a variety of activities such as outreach to nonprofit and for‐ profit housing developers, providing in‐kind technical assistance for housing developers, financing and funding assistance and expedited processing as appropriate. The City’s objective shall be to encourage and facilitate construction of 357 extremely low-income housing units during the 2014‐2021 Planning Period.

Encourage and
facilitate construction
of 357 extremely low‐
income housing
units.

Progress: The City has ongoing discussions with developers to encourage development. This has included discussions with Habitat for Humanity and other special needs housing developers that are researching the possibility of creating housing to target this income group.

Effectiveness: The City completed 151 lower-income units for Phase I and II of the Villa Hermosa Apartments during the 2014–2021 planning period.

Appropriateness: Continue. Because the City is required to encourage and facilitate the construction of extremely low-income housing units per its RHNA, it is recommended that the actions from Policy Action 2.3 be modified to set metrics for action items listed herein (outreach to nonprofit and for‐profit housing developers; providing in‐kind technical assistance for housing developers; providing financing and funding assistance and expedited processing, as appropriate). The need for extremely low-income households can be estimated based on 50% of the very low-income RHNA target (897 units).

Policy Action 2.4: Inventory of Units Built Based on Income Level To track the income levels of residential units built and provide a more effective way to track performance during the Planning Period, the City will develop procedures to obtain information on the estimated sales/rental value of each unit constructed. The information will be obtained during the entitlement process and the Create income‐based
inventory of units
built.

Progress: On an annual basis, the City completed and submitted Housing Element Annual Progress Reports to HCD. According to the most recent 2020 Annual Progress Report, from 2014 through 2020 there were a total of 2,264 housing units permitted and 509 housing units constructed in the City. Of this total, 151 units were deed‐restricted for lower‐income households and 2 units were non- deed‐restricted for low‐income households.

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Table 1: Evaluations of 2014–2021 Housing Element Implementation 5th Cycle Goal/Policy Action Action Objective Progress in Implementation value will be included as part of the building permit record to reflect the assumed market value of the home constructed.

Effectiveness: The City has not established an inventory in the 2014–2021 planning period.

Appropriateness: Remove. Policy Action 2.4 is no longer appropriate for the Housing Element update. This could instead be incorporated into a program focused on using data collected on current housing conditions in Indio in conjunction with the City’s Code Enforcement team.

Policy Action 2.5: Consistency with the General Plan
State law requires that all Elements of the General Plan be internally consistent. The City will annually review the Housing Element for consistency with the General Plan as part of the General Plan progress report.

General Plan
Progress Report.

Progress: The Housing Element and other elements of the General Plan are reviewed annually.

Effectiveness: The Housing Element remains consistent with other General Plan elements. Since the adoption of the 2040 General Plan on September 18, 2019, the City filed one General Plan progress report in May 2020.

Appropriateness: The City is required to ensure internal consistency with the General Plan by law for its Housing Element. It recommended Policy Action 2.5 be removed.

Policy Action 2.6: Minimum Unit Size Requirements
To ensure appropriately sized housing units are constructed in the City, the Indio Municipal Code requires a minimum floor area for residential dwellings. This minimum floor area is governed by the zoning district in which the dwelling is located and the number of bedrooms in the dwelling. The City understands that the minimum floor area requirement may be a constraint to the development of affordable multifamily units and has approved smaller unit sizes through discretionary development review.

To evaluate appropriate actions to reduce or eliminate this potential constraint, the City is in the process of examining the existing unit size requirements to determine if the City’s existing standards potentially constrain the provision of affordable housing units. Based on the findings of this examination, the City will amend the unit size requirements, if appropriate, to ensure maximum unit size thresholds do not constrain the provision of affordable housing.

Progress: No changes to the minimum unit size were made during the 2014–2021 planning period.

Effectiveness: The review of the minimum unit size is pending.

Appropriateness: Revise and continue. Policy Action 2.6 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update. It is recommended that the City remove minimum unit size requirements as part of the update to the Zoning Code and instead let this be governed by the Building Code.

Policy Action 2.7: Compliance with Employee Housing Act The City shall, in processing and reviewing applications for development, comply with the State Employee Housing Act, Comply with the State
Employee
Housing Act
Progress: Although the City of Indio Municipal Code does not restrict the development of farmworker housing in any zone that permits residential developments of this type (i.e., multifamily or single

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Table 1: Evaluations of 2014–2021 Housing Element Implementation 5th Cycle Goal/Policy Action Action Objective Progress in Implementation specifically Health and Safety Code Sections 17021.5 and 17021.6. Staff shall treat employee housing serving six or fewer persons as a single family structure and will review proposed development projects of this nature in the same manner as other single family structures of the same type in the same zone (Section 17021.5). In addition, staff shall treat employee housing consisting of no more than 12 units or 36 beds as an agricultural use, to be permitted in the same manner as other agricultural uses in the same zone (Section 17021.6).
family), the Municipal Code does not provide explicit zoning for employee housing or farmworker housing.

Effectiveness: There are currently two developments in Indio that provide housing opportunities for farmworkers: Desert Garden Apartments and the Fred Young Farmworker Apartment Complex.

Additionally, the Horizon at Indio development provides additional units for retired farmworkers.

Appropriateness: Continue. Policy Action 2.7 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update. It is recommended the City adopt explicit zoning for employee housing or farmworker housing to comply with State law.

Goal 3: To provide adequate, suitable sites for residential use, development and maintenance of a range of housing that varies sufficiently in terms of cost, design, site, location and tenure to meet the housing needs of all economic segments of the community at a level which can be supported by the infrastructure.

Policy Action 3.1: Vacant Land Inventory
The City shall monitor and update its inventory of vacant land and update the inventory on an annual basis. The inventory will be integrated into the City’s GIS system and will assist staff in providing information to for‐profit and non‐profit housing developers.

Update vacant land
inventory annually.

Progress: The vacant land inventory is updated as part of the Housing Element update. The inventory was not updated annually and is pending integration into the City’s GIS database.

Effectiveness: The inventory is presented as part of the Housing Element appendices.

Appropriateness: Revise and continue. Policy Action 3.1 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update. This can be revised to include surplus lands in accordance with Assembly Bill 1255. The City will make the inventory readily accessible on the City’s website following adoption of the 6th Cycle Housing Element. The City will also update and monitor the inventory to ensure compliance with Senate Bill 166, No-Net Loss.

Policy Action 3.2: Residential‐Supporting Services and Amenities Conveniently located and accessible services and amenities including child care, shopping, transit and jobs support residential development and enhance livability. The City shall encourage development of supportive services and amenities adjacent to and in conjunction with new residential development.

Supportive services
and amenities.

Progress: The City continues to encourage the setting aside of land for neighborhood‐serving retail, open space, community meeting facilities, and other supporting uses. A Community Benefits Height Bonus was included in the Downtown Indio Specific Plan, adopted in 2020.

Effectiveness Developers of new residential units continue to provide space for parks, houses of worship, community centers, and other facilities that serve residents.

Appropriateness: Revise and continue. Policy Action 3.2 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update. It is recommended that

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Policy Action 3.3: Encourage Mixed Use and High Density Residential Development in the Downtown area
In 2013, the City initiated the preparation of the new Old Town Specific Plan. The City shall continue to encourage mixed use and high density residential development in the downtown area and consider incentives for developers that construct higher density residential/commercial projects in the downtown area.

Higher density
downtown mixed‐use
and residential
development.

Adoption of Old Town
Indio Specific Plan.

Progress: The Downtown Indio Specific Plan was adopted in April 2020. The Specific Plan introduces goals and policies to create an active, attractive, mixed-use place. Specifically, the Specific Plan includes development standards to encourage mixed-use and high- density residential development.

Effectiveness: The Downtown Specific Plan addresses mixed-use and high-density residential development within the Downtown area.

Appropriateness: Delete. The Downtown Indio Specific Plan has been adopted, and therefore Policy Action 3.3 is no longer necessary.

Policy Action 3.4: Jobs/Housing Balance Evaluation
The City shall continue to evaluate the potential for creating a jobs/housing balance in the community. Biannually the City shall analyze the status of jobs and housing within the community and provide information to large employers of new commercial and industrial projects on housing developments within the community.

Evaluate
jobs/housing
balance.

Progress: This is an ongoing process and is evaluated on an annual basis.

Effectiveness: The City continues to monitor Indio’s jobs/housing balance.

Appropriateness: Continue. Policy Action 3.4 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update.

Goal 4: To initiate all reasonable efforts to preserve the availability of existing housing opportunities and to conserve as well as enhance the qual ity of existing dwelling units and residential neighborhoods.

Policy Action 4.1: Preserve Existing Residential Neighborhoods To protect existing stabilized residential neighborhoods from the encroachment of incompatible or potentially disruptive land uses and/or activities, the City will continue to require that new developments comply with City design standards.

The City will also review and appropriately modify City ordinances and policies if necessary, to establish and/or maintain appropriate separations and buffers between residential and non‐residential land uses.

Protect existing
residential
neighborhoods from
incompatible land
uses.

Progress: This is ongoing through careful review of proposed projects/uses. A Zoning Code update is currently underway.

Effectiveness: The City continues to maintain appropriate buffers around residential uses.

Appropriateness: Policy Action 4.1 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update. It is recommended to revise policy action language and set action objectives to discuss mixed use as appropriate and the Zoning Code update. This should also avoid discouraging residential and non-residential uses that are compatible.

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The City’s currently performs code enforcement on a complaint‐ basis. The Code Enforcement officers also perform proactive code enforcement by self‐initiating calls for service as they see potential code violations. The Code Enforcement officers investigated more than 2,500 code enforcement cases in calendar year 2012.

The City will continue to conduct proactive code enforcement activities in identified target areas to address code violations, deferred maintenance, substandard housing conditions and encourage continued maintenance of existing neighborhoods. The City shall utilize the existing neighborhood/property condition surveys to aid in targeting additional areas. The Code Enforcement officers will work with Development Services Development Staff to coordinate efforts in rehabilitating existing housing. The Code Enforcement Unit’s goal is to increase response to calls for service (both self‐initiated and community/resident initiated) by 10 percent each year.

Increase response to
calls for service by 10
percent annually.

Progress: This is ongoing. Progress on action objective is pending.

Code Enforcement officers investigated a total of 25,200 cases from 2014 through 2020. The case counts are as follows:
• 2014 – 3,671
• 2015 – 4,920
• 2016 – 3,220
• 2017 – 4,586
• 2018 – 2,676
• 2019 – 2,467
• 2020 – 3,660
Effectiveness: The City averaged approximately 3,600 cases per year. On average, cases were resolved within 2 weeks.

Appropriateness: Revise and continue. The City should continue proactive code enforcement. It is recommended that this be coordinated with rehabilitation assistance programs and Code Enforcement’s inventory of the housing stock.

Policy Action 4.3: Promote Energy Conservation
The City will work with the Imperial Irrigation District to obtain information on loans, grants, or other incentives that might be available for voluntary energy reduction; and to obtain other relevant information on energy efficiency. The City shall supply energy conservation awareness brochures in all public meeting places including City Hall and the City Library.

Promote energy
conservation by
providing information
from the Irrigation
District and other
organizations at
public meeting
places.

Progress: The City encourages energy conservation in all public projects. Additionally, the City’s website provides links to rebate opportunities for City residents. The City will continue to consider Zoning Code revisions as they relate to promoting energy conservation.

Effectiveness: The City continues to encourage energy conservation and is effective in providing materials on the website.

Appropriateness: Continue. Policy Action 4.3 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update.

Policy Action 4.4: Encourage Green Building Practices
The City understands the importance of sustainable use of limited resources and encourages the use of “green building” practices in new and existing housing. The City will develop a program to further facilitate and encourage the use of green building technologies.

The City will continuously analyze best practices and current technologies and develop a program that would provide density incentives for developments that incorporate green building technologies.

Develop a green
building program and
a menu of
development
incentives offered to
projects that meet
minimum
performance criteria.

Progress: The City encourages green building practices in all public projects. The City adopted the 2019 California Building Standards Code; however, there has not been an established green building program with a menu of incentives as outlined in this policy’s objective.

Effectiveness: The City continues to encourage energy conservation, but the action objective has not been met
Appropriateness: Continue. Policy Action 4.4 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update.

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Although the Housing Rehabilitation Program has been canceled due to the elimination of RDA and depletion of available Low/Mod Housing Funds, the City will continue to seek alternative funding to support a housing rehabilitation program. The program will provide technical and financial assistance to eligible low and moderate‐ income homeowners to rehabilitate existing single family, owner‐ occupied dwelling units through grants or low interest loans.

Restart the Housing
Rehabilitation
Program.

Progress: On June 3, 2020, Indio’s City Council approved Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds for the Minor Home Repair Program. The Minor Home Repair Program provides residents who live in a CDBG-eligible area within the City, own their home, and fall below the income limit with funding for repairs that includes plumbing; electrical; heating, ventilation, and air conditioning units; water heaters; minor roofing repairs; and more. As of March 2021, the City has received and processed 30 applications.

Effectiveness: Homeowners are currently able to benefit from this program.

Appropriateness: Modify. Since low‐ and moderate‐income homeowners continue to need assistance with repairs to address health and safety issues, Policy Action 4.5 remains appropriate, with modifications, for the Housing Element update, subject to funding availability.

Policy Action 4.6: Rental Housing Rehabilitation
To address deferred maintenance and substandard housing conditions in rental housing units, the City will study the possibility of developing a housing rehabilitation loan program to assist renter‐occupied housing units.

Study the potential
for a Rental Housing
Rehabilitation
Program.

Progress: The study for the potential Rental Housing Rehabilitation Program is pending review. The City has been unable to secure funding.

Effectiveness: The City has not identified a housing rehabilitation loan program to assist renter‐occupied housing units.

Appropriateness: Remove. Policy Action 4.6 is no longer appropriate for the Housing Element update.

Policy Action 4.7: Neighborhood Clean Up Program
Although the dissolution of RDA and its funding, the City has successfully implemented the Neighborhood Clean Up Program utilizing City funds and volunteer efforts. The City will identify targeted neighborhoods on an annual basis and organize the events.

Two neighborhood
clean ups (approx.
250 units per
neighborhoods).

Progress: The program is ongoing and averages two cleanups per year. The City is now looking at expanding cleanup efforts by funding a cleanup assistance pilot program. This program was developed and funded to provide tools, supplies, and an industrial-sized dumpster to neighborhood groups to conduct localized
neighborhood cleanups. However, due to COVID-19, this program remains on hold.

Effectiveness: The City has met its action objective and continues to be effective in benefitting neighborhoods.

Appropriateness: Continue. Policy Action 4.7 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update.

Policy Action 4.8: Multi‐Family Acquisition and Rehabilitation Program
Rehabilitate 50 units
during the
planning period.

Progress: The ongoing consideration with developers was diminished due to the elimination of the Redevelopment Agency (RDA).

Effectiveness: The City has been unable to rehabilitate any multi‐ family complexes or units through this program.

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Appropriateness: Remove. Policy Action 4.8 no longer remains appropriate for the Housing Element update. However, the City will continue Policy Action 1.4, which continues partnerships with affordable housing developers.

Policy Action 4.9: Senior Emergency Assistance Grant Program The City’s Senior Emergency Assistance Grant Program is currently on hold following the loss of most of its funding due to RDA dissolution; nonetheless, senior emergency assistance remains a pressing need. The City shall identify alternative funding sources to support grants to senior citizens to improve accessibility and correct health and safety violations.

Two grants annually. Progress: The program is on hold due to the RDA dissolution. Staff continues to consider alternative funding sources.

Effectiveness: The City has not provided older adults with assistance to address health and safety issues. The County of Riverside does offer a Senior Rehabilitation Program.

Appropriateness: Revise and continue. Because the City is unable to secure funding, Policy Action 4.9 no longer remains appropriate. It is recommended the City revise a program to promote the County of Riverside’s Senior Rehabilitation Program. Further the City can coordinate with older adults to coordinate reasonable
accommodations and retrofitting guidance.

Policy Action 4.10: Monitor and Preserve At‐Risk Units
The City will continue to track and monitor all owner and renter occupied units with affordability covenants in Indio and identify any units at‐risk of converting to market rate housing.

The City has identified 588 units at‐risk of converting to market‐ rate housing during the Planning Period: 320 units considered to be at “very high” risk, and 268 considered to be at “low” risk. The City will continue to encourage potential purchasers, including non‐ profit organizations and developers, to preserve the at‐risk properties. To increase the likelihood that these units are preserved, the City shall develop a preservation strategy. The strategy will include contacting potential purchasers, pursuing available funds, ensuring compliance with noticing requirements and conducting tenant education.

Monitor and preserve
at‐risk units.

Progress: The City continues to hold discussions and meetings with property owners/managers as needed.

Effectiveness: The City is required to monitor at-risk units as part of the Housing Element update. The City identified at-risk units for the 5th Cycle and will identify at-risk units for the 6th Cycle. Policy Action

4.10 should work to preserve those at-risk units.

Appropriateness: Continue. Policy Action 4.10 is appropriate for the 6th Cycle, and although there are no units at risk of conversion during the 6th Cycle, any future at-risk units should be monitored, and efforts should be made to preserve their affordability.

Goal 5: To ensure that all existing and future housing opportunities are open and available to all members of the community w ithout discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin or ancestry, marital status, age, househo ld composition or size, or any other arbitrary factors.

Policy Action 5.1: Fair Housing Commitment
The City shall require that all recipients of locally administered housing assistance funds acknowledge their understanding of fair housing law and affirm their commitment to the law.

Fair Housing
Commitment by fund
recipients.

Progress: The City continues to require acknowledgment of fair housing law from all recipients of local assistance.

Effectiveness: Housing providers remain committed to complying with all applicable fair housing laws.

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Policy Action 5.2: Fair Housing Information
The City of Indio will acquire and maintain fair housing materials, including pertinent resource, posters and information available through the Department of Fair Employment and Housing (DFEH) and Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to educate on a variety of fair housing issues.

The City shall provide appropriate information flyers and brochures that highlight (1) disability provisions of both federal and state fair housing laws and (2) familial status discrimination. Where possible, the City shall obtain existing materials produced by other organizations and distribute them to the community. Fair housing materials, brochures and flyers will be distributed at outreach events including school fairs, health fairs, and City sponsored events.

Assemble and
distribute Fair
Housing information
material.

Progress: This effort is ongoing. The Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board distributes literature via radio, print and television media, and at public counters. The City’s website provides links to the Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board’s website.

Effectiveness: Although the City does provide fair housing information, the City does not, however, provide information about impediments to fair housing.

Appropriateness: Revise and continue. Because there are new requirements to identify impediments to fair housing and strategies to Affirmatively Further Fair Housing (AB 686), it is recommended that the policy be revised to address this. Policy actions will be required to provide metrics and milestones to affirmatively further fair housing.

Policy Action 5.3: Fair Housing Referrals
The City will refer all housing discrimination inquiries to appropriate State and County regulatory agencies, including the County of Riverside Fair Housing Council and the State Fair Employment and Housing Commission.

Fair Housing
Referrals
Progress: The City continues to work with complainants to ensure their housing discrimination complaints are reported to the State Fair Employment and Housing Commission. Complaints are referred to the City’s Housing Resource Center, which is staffed by a HUD‐ approved Housing Agency (Inland Fair Housing and Mediation Board). In the 2019/2020 fiscal year, there were 303
landlord/tenant mediations.

Effectiveness: The City continues to refer housing discrimination inquires to appropriate agencies.

Appropriateness: Revise and continue. Policy Action 5.3 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update; however, it is recommended that the objective be revised to include information under “Housing Programs” on the City’s website with a contact to report housing discrimination.

Policy Action 5.4: Outreach for Persons with Developmental Disabilities
Work with the Inland Regional Center to develop and implement an outreach program that informs families within the City of housing and services available for persons with developmental disabilities.

Develop an outreach
program providing
information on
housing options for
persons with
Progress: Program development is pending; however, the City uses an Affordable Housing Brochure as a handout to residents who are interested in renting affordable housing units that are designed for persons with disabilities.

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developmental
disabilities through a
variety of traditional
and electronic media,
as well as through
face‐to‐face
interaction.

Effectiveness: The City currently has not developed an outreach program for persons with developmental disabilities.

Appropriateness: Continue. Policy Action 5.4 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update.

Goal 6: To coordinate local housing efforts with appropriate federal, state, regional, and local governments and/or agencies and to cooperate in the implementation of intergovernmental housing programs to ensure maximum effectiveness in solving local and r egional housing problems.

Policy Action 6.1: Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers
The City will continue participation with the Riverside County Housing Authority to qualify Indio residents for Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers. The City will provide
information on the availability
of Section 8 programs to qualified residents.

Referrals to Section 8
Program.

Progress: Referrals to the Riverside County Housing Authority Section 8 Program are ongoing. Information is also available on the City’s website under “Housing Programs.”
Effectiveness: The City continues its participation in the Riverside County Section 8 program. Indio residents remain qualified for Section 8 Housing Choice vouchers. See additional details in Appendix D, Affirmatively Further Fair Housing Analysis.

Appropriateness: Revise and continue. The policy action should be modified to specify outreach for referrals. Policy Action 6.1 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update.

Policy Action 6.2: Participation in SCAG RHNA Process
The City will provide strong and active representation to SCAG by both staff and elected officials to ensure the SCAG’s determination of a jurisdiction’s housing production requirements constitutes a locality’s fair share portion for fulfilling its regional housing needs.

SCAG participation. Progress: City staff meets regularly with the Coachella Valley Association of Governments and other Coachella Valley cities to discuss housing production requirements and fair-share issues. The City is also represented on the SCAG Regional Council. There is ongoing City participation in SCAG.

Effectiveness: The City continues to provide strong and active representation by both City staff and elected officials to SCAG in the RHNA process.

Appropriateness: Continue. Policy Action 6.2 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update.

Policy Action 6.3: Maximize External Funding Resources
The City of Indio recognizes the opportunity to apply for available external funds for housing construction, preservation and improvement. External funding sources from State and Federal programs provide increased opportunities to develop and maintain housing affordable to Indio residents.

Secure State and
Federal housing
funds.

Progress: The ongoing search for new funding has resulted in more than $12 million in Federal Neighborhood Stabilization Program funds coming to the City to address foreclosures and associated blight. The City has also received multiple grants, such as the Housing Related Parks Grant Program, which has now provided more than $2,700,000 to rehabilitate, expand, and create parks.

Now that the State has approved recent legislation and funding in

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support of affordable housing, staff will pursue funding of prime importance in the support of a home-buyer assistance program. A proposed program takes into account recent input received through community meetings and a recent community needs survey.

Effectiveness: The City received three rounds of Neighborhood Stabilization Program funding and rehabilitated a total of 108 homes. The availability of eligible vacant and foreclosed homes for purchase by the City has declined, and as a result, the City is currently only rehabilitating one home, which it plans to sell to a low- income qualified household in 2021. It is anticipated that funding will be exhausted following the purchase, rehabilitation, and resell of this final unit.

Appropriateness: Delete. Staff will pursue closeout and conclude the Neighborhood Stabilization Program during fiscal year 2020/2021.

Policy Action 6.4: Housing Programs Information
To maximize participation in housing programs, the City shall develop and disseminate informational materials to inform residents of program availability and requirements. Informational materials may be disseminated via the City’s website, through print media at publicly accessible locations and/or through public workshops and meetings.

Housing programs
informational
materials.

Progress: The City continues to develop and update information on housing programs for dissemination to interested parties.

Effectiveness: Information is available under the “Housing Programs” section of the City’s website.

Appropriateness: Revise and continue. Policy Action 6.4 remains appropriate for the Housing Element update. It is recommended that the language clarify that this is to connect residents with housing access and affordability or give examples of types of programs. This could be expanded upon to include development program
information for developers and to incorporate pro-housing initiatives that the City will complete.

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3 Review of Programs Addressing the Housing Needs for the Population with Special Needs
The City’s 5th Cycle Housing Element included several programs to directly address housing for those with special needs and many programs which indirectly support housing for those with special needs. An explanation of the effectiveness of goals, policies, and related actions from the City’s 5th Cycle is provided below.

Policy Action 1.1 directly addresses individuals with disabilities in the community by providing reasonable accommodations. The policy action is effective in that it requires that the City informs individuals with disabilities of their right to request relief from discriminatory Code regulations and permitting procedures through signage or notices. Those requesting must specify the type of relief and may be approved, approved with modifications, or declined. While the City did not fully implement the program as intended by Policy Action 1.1, the City has committed to develop and adopt reasonable accommodations procedures and application and informational resources as part of Program 28, Reasonable Accommodation Procedures, of the 6th Cycle Housing Element.

Policy Action 4.9 directly supported seniors by providing emergency assistance to help improve the quality of life for those individuals. Unfortunately, the grant funding has ceased due to RDA dissolution and the program was put on hold. This program was very effective as it provided older adults a means to address health and safety concerns. Therefore, the City will pursue alternative options to connect residents with funding and resources for housing rehabilitation efforts during the 6th Cycle.

The City’s 5th Cycle Housing Element stressed the importance of providing housing information to its citizens. Policy Action 6.4 aimed to maximize the participation of residents in housing programs by disseminating information though public workshops and/or meetings. More specifically, Policy Action

5.2 provided information that could potentially secure housing for individuals that may be facing discrimination. This strategy was effective in that important information regarding fair housing was distributed to sensitive populations, including older adults and individuals with disabilities, through outreach events as well as passive methods. The City will revise and continue its efforts in both Policy Actions that will further the objective of providing fair and pro-housing initiatives, such as through Programs 5, Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice, and 16, Fair Housing Referral and Mediation, Program of the 6th Cycle Housing Element.

Policy Action 5.4 aimed to mitigate barriers against the population with special needs by providing information for housing options best suited for those with developmental abilities. As this program has not yet been developed, it remains ineffective. However, this policy action is suitable for the Housing Element update and therefore work will be continued through Program 1, Accessibility, of the 6th Cycle Housing Element, which will increase opportunities for persons with temporary, developing, or permanent disabilities, including older adults with changing levels of ability, by promoting increased accessibility by connecting developers and residents to resources on design features that are accessible and safe to all people regardless of age, size, ability, or disability.

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Other policy actions that directly or indirectly addressed populations with special needs include:
• Policy Action 1.3 – Policy Action 1.3 indirectly addressed population with special needs by providing a socio-economically integrated community with fair housing, equal resources, and opportunities for all residents. This policy action remains effective. However, alternative funding will need be considered to address the unavailability of low- and moderate-housing public funding, such as through Program 11, Development Incentives and Programs, of the 6th Cycle Housing Element, which will implement a range of financial and regulatory incentive approaches to facilitate the development of housing for lower-income households. This will include evaluation of a local inclusionary ordinance to set aside a portion of new residential units for lower-income households.
• Policy Action 1.4 and 1.5 – Developers are responsible for the design and construction of various housing project for the City. Therefore, it is essential that the City and housing developers maintain a positive and constructive relationship. Policy Action 1.4 recommended that the City assist and encourage housing developers to plan for extremely low to moderate-income households. This is effective as it allows for direct communication between the two agencies and streamlines the financial and technical processes that would further incentivize the construction of fair housing. Additionally, Policy Action 1.5 stated that the City would work with developers to acquire and develop residential infill. While efforts should continue to be made in this area, it is ineffective and left out of the Housing Element update as the capacity for infill developments is not realistically feasible to meet RHNA requirements. • Policy Action 2.3 and 6.1 – Populations with special needs are more likely to be among the lower-income group. As a result, it is important for the City to continue to encourage housing for extremely low-income households as addressed by Policy Action 2.3, and to participate in the Riverside County Section 8 Program, addressed by Policy Action 6.1, as it will help to secure housing for these individuals. The effectiveness of the program is limited to the extent that those eligible for Section 8 vouchers are put on a waiting list. However, the City continue to participate with the Riverside County Housing Authority to connect eligible City residents to Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers. The City will provide information on the City’s website on the availability of Section 8 programs and other relevant resources through Program 35, Section 8: Housing Choice Voucher, of the 6th Cycle Housing Element. • Policy Action 3.2 – As addressed by Policy Action 3.2, housing needs also entails access to residential supporting services and amenities. To upkeep with resources and opportunities for residents, the City continues to set aside space for these developments. It is important for populations with special needs to be near such areas, thus it is encouraged that resources be in an area where planned affordable housing is or where it will be developed. In line with these efforts, the City initiated a Multi-Modal Feasibility Study as part of a California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) Sustainable Transportation Planning Grant to explore transit hub options in the City. The City will continue these efforts into the 6th Cycle planning period, through Program 7, By-Right Development, of the Housing Element, through which the City will identify a location, process, and procedure by which residential and mixed-use development can be permitted by-right, especially in areas near amenities and resources such as transit, parks, childcare facilities, and within established commercial and near key areas of employment.

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• Policy Action 4.5 – Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) funds were approved in 2020 for the Minor Home Repair Program. This program provides funding for repairs such as electrical, plumbing, and roofing for those who reside in CDBG-eligible areas, own their home, and fall below the income limit. This program is effective, and the City has already processed more than 30 applications as of March 2021. However, modifications are necessary as low- and moderate-income homeowners continue to need assistance with repairs to address health and safety issues. This program is beneficial to households with special needs. • Policy Action 5.1 – Fair Housing Commitment as addressed by Policy Action 5.1 continues to require the acknowledgement of Fair Housing laws from all recipients of local assistance, including those with special needs. However, the policy action will be replaced with stronger, more effective objectives during the 6th Cycle, through implementation of Programs 5, Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice, and 16, Fair Housing Referral and Mediation, Program of the 6th Cycle Housing Element.

Policies and programs that were identified to be effective and relevant from the 5th Cycle Housing Element will be continued with appropriate modifications, while new policies and programs for the 6th Cycle Housing Element may be created to address specific housing needs and concerns of residents with special need.

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APPENDIX B: Community Profile
Table of Contents
1 Housing Needs Analysis ............................................................................................................................... 1 Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 1 Data Sources ........................................................................................................................................ 1 Population Trends and Characteristics ................................................................................................ 2

1.3.1 Population Growth Trends ............................................................................................................... 2

1.3.2 Population Age Characteristics ........................................................................................................ 3

1.3.3 Race and Ethnicity Characteristics ................................................................................................... 4 Employment Characteristics ................................................................................................................ 5 Household Characteristics and Challenges .......................................................................................... 8

1.5.1 Household Formation and Composition .......................................................................................... 8

1.5.2 Household Size and Type ................................................................................................................. 9

1.5.3 Household Income and Extremely Low-Income Households ........................................................ 10

1.5.4 Overpayment ................................................................................................................................. 12

1.5.5 Overcrowding ................................................................................................................................. 14 Housing Characteristics ...................................................................................................................... 15

1.6.1 Existing Housing Types ................................................................................................................... 15

1.6.2 Housing Tenure .............................................................................................................................. 15

1.6.3 Vacancy Rates ................................................................................................................................ 16

1.6.4 Housing Condition .......................................................................................................................... 17 Housing Costs and Rents .................................................................................................................... 18

1.7.1 Housing Price Trends ..................................................................................................................... 18

1.7.2 Rental Prices................................................................................................................................... 20

1.7.3 COVID-19 Impact on Home Prices ................................................................................................. 21 Special Needs Populations ................................................................................................................. 21

1.8.1 Older Adults ................................................................................................................................... 22

1.8.2 Persons with Disabilities, Including Developmental Disabilities .................................................... 25

1.8.3 Large Families and Households ...................................................................................................... 28

1.8.4 Female‐Headed Household and Single Parent Households .......................................................... 29

1.8.5 Population Experiencing Homelessness and Transitional Housing ............................................... 30

1.8.6 Farmworkers .................................................................................................................................. 33 Affordable Housing ............................................................................................................................ 37

1.9.1 Assisted Housing Developments at Risk ........................................................................................ 37

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Table 1. Regional Population Trends (2000, 2010, 2020) ..................................................................................... 2 Table 2. Population Growth (2000–2020) ............................................................................................................ 2 Table 3. Projected Population Growth in Riverside County (2030, 2040, 2050, 2060) ........................................ 3 Table 4. Age Characteristics of Population (2019) ................................................................................................ 3 Table 5. Race and Ethnicity (2010 and 2019)........................................................................................................ 5 Table 6. Employment by Industry (2019).............................................................................................................. 6 Table 7. Employment by Occupation in Indio (2019) ........................................................................................... 6 Table 8. Principal Employers (2020) ..................................................................................................................... 7 Table 9. Labor Force Trends (2010–2020) ............................................................................................................ 7 Table 10. Total Households (2000, 2010, 2020) ................................................................................................... 8 Table 11. Average Persons per Household (2010 and 2020) ................................................................................ 9 Table 12. Persons per Household (2010 and 2019) .............................................................................................. 9 Table 13. Household Types (2010 and 2019) ...................................................................................................... 10 Table 14. Annual Income Limits for Riverside County for Four-Person Households (2010 and 2020) .............. 10 Table 15. Households Income Category by Tenure in Indio (2017) .................................................................... 11 Table 16. Median Household Income by Tenure (2019) .................................................................................... 12 Table 17. Households by Proportion of Income Spent on Housing Costs in Indio (2017) .................................. 12 Table 18. Percent Income Spent on Rent in Indio (2020) ................................................................................... 13 Table 19. HUD Fair Market Rents Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario Metropolitan Statistical Area (2000–2020) ............................................................................................................................................................................ 13 Table 20. Percent Income Spent on Mortgage in Indio (2018) ........................................................................... 14 Table 21. Overcrowded Units in Indio (2019) ..................................................................................................... 14 Table 22. Housing Inventory by Unit Type in Indio (2010 and 2020) ................................................................. 15 Table 23. Occupied Units by Tenure in Indio (2010 and 2019) ........................................................................... 16 Table 24. Vacant Units by Tenure in Indio (2010 and 2019)............................................................................... 16 Table 25. Occupancy Status in Indio (2010 and 2020) ........................................................................................ 17 Table 26. Housing Stock by Year Built in Indio .................................................................................................... 17 Table 27. Value of Owner-Occupied Housing Units in Indio (2019) ................................................................... 19 Table 28. Median Home Sale Price in Indio (2018) ............................................................................................. 19 Table 29. Median Monthly Rent by Unit Size in Indio (2019) ............................................................................. 20 Table 30. Older Adult Households by Income and Tenure in Indio (2020) ......................................................... 22 Table 31. Communities, Resources, and Services for Older Adults .................................................................... 24 Table 32. Disability Status of Indio Residents (2019) .......................................................................................... 26 Table 33. Large Households by Tenure (2019) ................................................................................................... 29 Table 34. Female-Headed Households in Poverty by Tenure Status in Indio (2019) ......................................... 30

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1 Housing Needs Analysis
Overview
When preparing a General Plan Housing Element, jurisdictions must evaluate both existing and future housing needs for all income groups. This section analyzes demographic and housing characteristics that influence the demand for, and availability of, housing. The analysis forms a foundation for establishing programs and policies that seek to address identified housing needs. Housing needs are identified according to income, tenure, and special needs groups.

Data Sources
Various sources of information have been consulted in preparing this Housing Element. The 2015–2019 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau provides the basis for population and household characteristics. Where applicable, the following sources of information have been used to supplement and update information contained in the Census ACS data:
• California Department of Developmental Services Quarterly Consumer Report, 2020 • California Department of Finance (DOF) 2010 and 2020 Composition of Housing Stock, 2020 • DOF 2010–2020 E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State, 2020
• California Department of Industrial Relations Minimum Wage, 2020 • Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), 2013–2017
• HUD Fiscal Year 2000–2020 Fair Market Rents, 2020
• HUD Fiscal Year 2020 Income Limits Summary, 2020
• Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) Pre-Certified Local Housing Data for the City of Indio, 2020
• SCAG’s Adopted Growth Forecast , 2020 Regional Transportation Plan/ Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS) (2020–2045)
• U.S. Census Bureau (Census) ACS, 2019 5-Year Estimates (2014–2019)

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Housing needs in Indio are primarily influenced by population and employment trends. This section provides a summary of the changes to the population size and age and racial/ethnic composition of the City of Indio (City).

1.3.1 Population Growth Trends
The City is one of 24 incorporated cities within Riverside County (County), with a population of approximately 2.44 million residents as of January 2020, ranking as the fourth largest county in the State. Overall, the County has experienced rapid population growth over the last two decades. From 2000 to 2010, the population increased by approximately 41.7 percent, and by 10.3 percent from 2010 to 2020. Table 1 provides a summary of population trends for counties in Southern California and their respective populations over the last two decades.

Table 1. Regional Population Trends (2000, 2010, 2020)
County 2000 2010 2020
Imperial County 142,361 174,528 188,777
Los Angeles County 9,519,338 9,818,605 10,172,951
Orange County 2,846,289 3,010,232 3,194,332
Riverside County 1,545,387 2,189,641 2,442,304
San Bernardino County 1,709,434 2,035,210 2,180,537
San Diego County 2,813,833 3,095,313 3,343,355
Ventura County 753,197 823,318 842,886
Sources: U.S. Census 1990 STF 1, 2000 SF 1, 2010 SF 1, CA DOF 2020

Table 2 shows population growth rates for the City and County from 2000 to 2020. The City experienced a 54.8 percent increase in population between 2000 and 2010, and a 19.4 percent increase between 2010 and 2020. According to SCAG’s 2020‐2045 RTP/SCS growth forecast adopted in 2020 (2020 RTP/SCS), the population of the City is forecast to increase to 129,300 residents by 2045, an increase of approximately 43 percent from 2020. During the same forecast period, Riverside County is anticipated to increase to 3.25 million residents in 2045, an increase of approximately 33 percent from 2020.

Table 2. Population Growth (2000–2020)
Jurisdiction 2000 2010 2020 2000–2010 Growth 2010–2020 Growth Number Percent Number Percent
City of Indio 49,116 76,036 90,751 26,920 54.8% 14,715 19.4% Riverside
County 1,545,387 2,189,641 2,442,304 644,254 41.7% 252,663 10.3% Sources: U.S. Census 1990 STF3 P001, U.S. Census 2000 SF3 P1, U.S. Census 2010 SF1 P1, CA DOF 2010–2020

Table 3 shows the projected population growth for the County. According to the Department of Finance’s 2010-2060 County Population Projection, Riverside County’s population will increase to

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22.5 million people by 2045.

Table 3. Projected Population Growth in Riverside County (2030, 2040, 2050, 2060) Year Number
2030 2,728,068
2040 2,933,038
2050 3,059,095
2060 3,129,833
Source: CA DOF 2021

1.3.2 Population Age Characteristics
One of the more significant indicators of future potential population growth trends is a population’s age characteristics. Table 4 and Figure 1, Age Characteristics of Population (2019), summarize the age characteristics for key age groups of the City’s population in 2019, based off Census ACS data. The largest portion of residents in the City are young adults 25–44 years of age (26 percent), and adults 44– 64 years of age, followed by the population under 18 years of age (22.3 percent) and the population over 65 years of age (19.2 percent). It is important to note that the number of older adults (65 years and over) doubled from 8,650 people in 2010 to 17,178 in 2019. The higher percentage of older adults is an important consideration for housing needs, as discussed in more detail in Section 1.8, Special Needs Populations.

Table 4. Age Characteristics of Population (2019)
Age No. Persons Percent of Persons
Under 18 years 19,965 22.3%
18–24 years (College age) 7,351 8.2%
25–44 years 23,302 26.0%
44–64 years 21,673 24.2%
65+ years 17,178 19.2%
Total 89,469 100%
Source: 2019 ACS 5-Year Estimates DP05.

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Note: Percent shown on graph represents precent change for selected age category between 2010 and 2019.

Figure 1. Age Characteristics of Population (2019)

1.3.3 Race and Ethnicity Characteristics
According to Census ACS estimates, the majority of City residents identified as White or Hispanic (of any race).1 The City’s Hispanic population increased by 11.4 percent between 2010 and 2019 and made up the largest segment of the 2019 population (64.2 percent). The City’s White population increased by

28.5 percent during the same period and represented 29.5 percent of the population in 2019. Although relatively small in number, the Non‐Hispanic Black population grew the most (by 80.6 percent) between 2010 and 2019. Table 5 indicates the ethnic and racial characteristics of the City’s population.

1 The Census Bureau defines “Hispanic or Latino” as a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race. People who identify as Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish may be any race.
-11.0%

1.7%

7.1% 28.7% 31.9% 81.4%

98.6%
0 5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
Under 18
years
18 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over
Number of Persons
Selected Age Categories 2010 2019

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Race/Ethnicity
2010 2019 2010–2019
Number Percent of
Total Number Percent of
Total Percent Change
White, Non-Hispanic 20,512 27.0% 26,357 29.5% 28.5%
Black or African
American, Non-Hispanic
1,521 2.0% 2,747 3.1% 80.6%
American Indian and
Alaska Native
209 0.3% 156 0.2% -25.4%
Asian or Pacific Islander 1,507 2.0% 1,915 2.1% 27.1%
Hispanic (Any Race) 51,540 67.8% 57,439 64.2% 11.4%
Other 91 0.1% 103 0.1% 13.2%
Two or More Races 656 0.9% 752 0.8% 14.6%
Total 76,036 100% 89,469 100% 85.0%
Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF1, P8, 2010 SF1, P9, 2019 ACS 5-year Estimates

Employment Characteristics
Housing needs are also influenced by employment characteristics. Significant employment opportunities within the City can increase demand for housing in proximity to jobs. Table 6 shows that the City has 38,212 workers living within its borders who work across 13 major industrial sectors. In 2019, the largest industry to employ the residents of the City was the education, health, and social services industry, accounting for 20.2 percent of the labor force. This was followed closely by the arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services industry at 18.3 percent, and retail trade at 12.7 percent of the labor force.

The City’s employment trends are similar to Riverside County. At the County level, education, health, and social services also represented the largest category, with more than one‐fifth (21 percent) of the workforce employed in this industry. This was followed by the retail trade industry at 12.7 percent, and the arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services industry at 11.4 percent.

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Industry City of Indio Riverside County
Employees Percent Employees Percent
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining 915 2.4% 14,694 1.4% Construction 3,137 8.2% 92,614 9.0%
Manufacturing 1,402 3.7% 87,663 8.5%
Wholesale trade 683 1.8% 28,905 2.8%
Retail trade 4,842 12.7% 131,334 12.7%
Transportation and warehousing, and utilities 1,637 4.3% 68,110 6.6% Information 502 1.3% 14,545 1.4%
Finance, insurance, real estate, and rental and leasing 2,079 5.4% 51,994 5.0% Professional, scientific, management, administrative,
and waste management services 3,853 10.1% 105,430 10.2% Educational, health, and social services 7,732 20.2% 216,876 21.0% Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and
food services 6,978 18.3% 117,439 11.4%
Other services (except public administration) 2,710 7.1% 53,205 5.2% Public administration 1,742 4.6% 49,925 4.8%
Total 38,212 100% 1,032,734 100%
Source: ACS 2019 5-Year Estimate S2403

In addition to understanding the prevalence of industries in the City, the types of jobs residents hold can also be used to determine the need for various housing types and prices. In 2019, the most prevalent occupational category was “Services,” with approximately 29 percent of total employees. The second- most prevalent type of work was “Management,” with approximately 25 percent of total employees, followed closely by “Sales,” with 24 percent of total employees. Table 7 summarizes employment in the City by occupation type in 2019.

Table 7. Employment by Occupation in Indio (2019)
Job Type No. of Jobs Percent of Jobs
Production 3,186 8.3%
Sales 9,326 24.4%
Services 11,014 28.8%
Management 9,646 25.2%
Natural Resources 5,040 13.2%
Total 38,212 100%
Source: ACS 2019 5-Year Estimate S2401

As shown in Table 8, the Desert Sands Unified School District is the top single employer in the City, with 2,445 workers. Other large employers in the City include the County of Riverside with 1,135 employees, Fantasy Springs Resort Casino with 1,083 employees, and John F. Kennedy Memorial Hospital with 690 employees.

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Company Number of Employees
Desert Sands Unified School District 2,455
County of Riverside 1,135
Fantasy Springs Resort Casino 1,083
John F. Kennedy Memorial Hospital 690
Walmart Supercenter 356
City of Indio 248
Ralphs 169
Riverside Superior Court 166
Indio Nursing and Rehabilitation Center 161
Fiesta Ford Lincoln 146
Cardenas Market 151
Source: City of Indio Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAPER) for the 2019–2020 Fiscal Year

As shown in Table 9, the City’s labor force increased by 16 percent (from 35,400 to 41,100) from 2010 to 2019. According to the California Employment Development Department (EDD), the annual average unemployment rate in Indio was 5.3 percent in 2019, which had been dropping since 2010 and was below the average annual rate in the years prior to the recession starting in 2008, which hovered between 5.5 and 7.1 percent. This reflects a positive trend in employment in the City. However, as with most cities, the City experienced a setback following the COVID-19 restrictions, where the unemployment rate increased in the City from 5 percent in January 2020 to 9.9 percent in December 2020.

Table 9. Labor Force Trends (2010–2020)
Year Labor Force Employment Unemployment Unemployment Rate 2010 35,400 30,100 5,300 14.9%
2015 38,100 35,400 2,800 7.2%
2019 41,100 39,000 2,200 5.3%
2020 41,600 36,700 4,900 11.9%
Source: California Employment Development Department, 2010–2019

SCAG’s 2020 RTP/SCS growth forecast includes three major indicators: population, households and employment. Based on these projections, the regional working-age (ages 16-64) resident population is projected to increase from 1,345,000 in 2019 to 1,696,000 in 2045, while the total employment is projected to increase from 743,000 in 2016 to 1,103,000 in 2045. The difference in the regional working- age resident population and employment suggests net out-commuting. On a local, City level, SCAG’s growth forecast projects an increase in employment from 26,600 in 2016 to 38,300 in 2045.

It should be noted that due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many offices and workplaces were abruptly closed in Spring 2020 and ushered in a new era of remote work for millions of employed Americans, and while it is too early for data trends, it may portend a significant shift in the way a large segment of the workforce operates in the future. Most workers who say their job responsibilities can mainly be done

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Revised Resolution No. 10254 re-approving the revised version of Housing... Page 340 of 1245 Page | 8 City of Indio Appendix B: Community Profile from home say that, before the pandemic, they rarely or never teleworked. Now, more than half say, given a choice, they would want to keep working from home even after the pandemic, according to a new Pew Research Center survey.2 To be sure, not all employed adults have the option of working from home, even during a pandemic. In fact, a majority of workers say their job responsibilities cannot be done from home. Long-term impacts remain to be determined.3 Household Characteristics and Challenges
This section describes the City’s household characteristics and household challenges. Challenges faced by households can include overcrowding and overpayment, both of which disproportionately burden lower-income households.

1.5.1 Household Formation and Composition
In 2020, the State Department of Finance reported a total of 32,539 households in the City, a 42.4 percent increase from 2010. In comparison, total households in Riverside County and in California increased by 27.2 and 13.9 percent, respectively, between 2010 and 2020. Estimates show that the number of households in the City continue to grow at a faster pace than the County and the State but have slowed from the previous decade (2000–2010). Table 10 summarizes household growth trends in the City, Riverside County, and the State of California from 2000 through 2020.

Table 10. Total Households (2000, 2010, 2020)
Area 2000 2010 2020 Percent Increase
2000–2010
Percent Increase
2010–2020
City of Indio 13,871 22,851 32,539 64.7% 42.4%
Riverside County 506,278 672,896 856,124 32.9% 27.2%
California 11,502,870 12,577,498 14,329,863 9.3% 13.9%
Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF1, P15, Census 2010 SF2 DP‐1, E-5 CA DOF 2020

As shown in Table 11, the average persons per household in the City is similar to that of the County, with the City averaging 3.3 persons per household in 2020, and the County averaging 3.2 persons per household. Both the City and County have increased slightly from 2010. The most commonly occurring household size in the City is of two people (approximately 34 percent of total households) followed by one-person households (approximately 32 percent), four-or-more-person households (approximately 23 percent), and three-person households (approximately 11 percent).

2 https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2020/12/09/how-the-coronavirus-outbreak-has-and-hasnt- changed-the-way-americans-work/
3 https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2021/article/employment-projections-in-a-pandemic-environment.htm

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City of Indio 3.2 3.3
Riverside County 3.1 3.2
Source: U.S. Census 2010 SF2, DP‐1; CA DOF E-5 2020

1.5.2 Household Size and Type
Understanding the size and types of households and how they have changed over the years can be indicative of household trends and can inform policies to address the changing needs of the City’s population.

According to Census ACS data, the average household size in the City was 2.7 persons per household, and the average family size was 3.5 persons per family in 2019. Of the occupied housing units from 2010 to 2019, one-person households increased significantly, and four-person households declined. Table 12 summarizes the number of people per household.

Table 12. Persons per Household (2010 and 2019)
Household Size 2010 2019 Percent Change
1-Person Household 4,231 10,333 144%
2-Person Household 7,267 10,994 51%
3-Person Household 3,427 3,713 8%
4-or-More-Person Household 8,072 7,430 (7%)
Total Occupied Housing Units 22,997 32,470 41%
Source: 2019 ACS 5-Year Estimates S2501
From 2010 to 2019, non-family households4 increased, while family households decreased. Of the total 32,470 households in 2019, 63.9 percent were family households and 36.1 percent were non-family households. Residents who are 65 and older make up the largest proportion of those non-family households living alone. In 2010, they accounted for 9.2 percent of occupied units, and in 2019 they made up 10.6 percent of occupied units. Additionally, although the proportion of female-headed households decreased from 2010 to 2019, they continue to outweigh male-headed households. Table 13 provides a summary of household types in 2010 and 2019. Further information regarding vulnerable populations, such as older adults and female-headed households, is detailed in Section 1.8.

4 Per the Census definition, a non-family household consists of a householder living alone (a one -person household) or where the householder shares the home exclusively with people to whom he/she is not related.

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Household Type 2010 Percent 2019 Percent
Family Households 75.1% 63.9%
Married 52.4% 46.9%
Male Householder, No Spouse Present 9.1% 6.0%
Female Householder, No Spouse Present 13.6% 11.0%
Non-Family Households 24.9% 36.1%
Householder Living Alone 18.4% 31.8%
Householder Not Living Alone 6.5% 4.3%

1.5.3 Household Income and Extremely Low-Income Households The California State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) has identified the following income categories based on the area median income (AMI) of Riverside County. The AMI for Riverside County in 2020 was $75,300 for a hypothetical family of four. • Extremely low-income: Households earning up to 30 percent of the AMI • Very low-income: Households earning between 31 percent to 50 percent of the AMI • Low-income: Households earning between 51 percent to 80 percent of the AMI • Moderate-income: Households earning 81 percent to 120 percent of the AMI • Above moderate-income: Households earning over 120 percent of the AMI Table 14 shows the income ranges for each income category for Riverside County in 2010 and 2020. AMI increased by 15 percent within this period.

Table 14. Annual Income Limits for Riverside County for Four-Person Households (2010 and 2020) Income Category 2010 2020
Extremely Low $19,500 $26,200
Very Low Income $32,500 $37,650
Low Income $52,000 $60,250
Moderate Income $78,600 $90,350
Area Median Income $65,500 $75,300
Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, State Income Limits 2020.

According to HUD’s CHAS estimates, approximately 53 percent of the City’s households earned moderate or above-moderate incomes, and approximately 32 percent of households had incomes in the low-income level and 27 percent of households had incomes in the extremely low- and very low-income levels.

Per HCD requirements, local governments must identify those households that are considered to be extremely low-income. Extremely low-income households are those households whose incomes do not exceed 30 percent of the county median family income according to HUD’s income limits. Households

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Per HCD’s requirements, local governments may calculate the projected need for extremely low-income households by presuming that 50 percent of very low-income households qualify as extremely low- income households. Therefore, based on the City’s very low-income RHNA of 1,793 units, there is a projected need of 896 extremely low-income units.

Recently, the City approved Phase I and II of the Arroyo Crossing mixed-use project. The development will provide a total of 396 new affordable rental units. All units will be affordable for a 55-year period per recorded covenants, and include units affordable to extremely low-, very-low, and low-income households. See Section 4.2, Planned, Approved, and Prospective Projects in Appendix E of the Housing Element for additional details. Additional Programs in the Housing Element to address the needs of extremely low-income households, include Program 21, Local Housing Trust Fund, through which the City will explore the establishment of a Local Housing Trust Fund dedicated to the creation, rehabilitation, and preservation of affordable housing, transitional housing, and emergency shelters. The fund will prioritize housing opportunities for households with special needs and extremely low-income households; Program 27, Place Based Strategies, through which the City will identify areas that are ideal for focused planning efforts that will further fair housing, such as prioritizing infrastructure needs to serve existing or planned affordable housing. The identification and prioritization of areas will focus on opportunities to further fair housing through focused planning efforts that enhance community access to opportunity, especially for households with special needs and lower-income households, including extremely low-income households; and Program 18, Preservation of Existing Affordable Housing Units, through which the City will continue to work with the Riverside County Housing Authority to monitor affordable housing units identified as being at-risk of conversion to market-rate housing. This will include collaboration on the identification of financial resources and establishing partnerships with affordable housing developers and/or property owners willing to maintain units as affordable to lower- income households, including extremely low-income households.

Table 15. Households Income Category by Tenure in Indio (2017) Income Category Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied Total Households Owner Percent Renter Percent Number Percent
Extremely Low (30% MFI or less) 1,985 10.2% 2,165 22.5% 4,150 14.2% Very low (>30% to 50% MFI) 1,920 9.8% 1,800 18.7% 3,720 12.7% Low (>50% to 80% MFI) 3,635 18.6% 2,175 22.6% 5,810 19.9% Moderate or Above (over 80% MFI) 12,015 61.4% 3,485 36.2% 15,500 53.1% Total 19,555 100% 9,630 100% 29,185 100%
Source: Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), 2013–2017 MFI = median family income

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Table 16. Median Household Income by Tenure (2019)
Jurisdiction 2019 Median Income
City of Indio $53,669
Owner‐Occupied Households $61,043
Renter‐Occupied Households $37,176
Riverside County $67,005
Source: 2019 ACS 5-Year Estimates S2503

1.5.4 Overpayment
As a result of high housing costs compared to household income, many households are burdened with overpayment for housing costs. Overpayment can leave limited resources for other household needs, such as transportation, education, medical, and childcare. As defined by HUD, households spending more than 30 percent of their income, including rent or mortgage payments and utilities, are generally considered to be overpaying or “cost burdened.” When lower-income earners struggle to find affordable housing options, these households could spend a disproportionate percentage of their income on housing. This may result in repayment problems, deferred maintenance, or overcrowding. Severe overpayment is defined as paying 50 percent or more of the household’s gross income on housing costs.

The data in Table 17 shows the proportion of household income spent on housing costs by AMI in 2017.

Households in the extremely low-income category (earning 30 percent or less of AMI) are the most burdened by housing costs, with 65 percent of these households falling into the severe overpayment category.

Table 17. Households by Proportion of Income Spent on Housing Costs in Indio (2017) Household Income <30% of Income Spent on
Housing
30%–50% of Income Spent
on Housing (Overpayment)
>50% of Income Spent on
Housing (Severe Overpayment)
<30% AMI 1,130 310 2,710
30%–50% AMI 725 1,345 1,650
50%–80% AMI 2,440 1,835 1,535
80%–100% AMI 1,770 925 170
>100% AMI 10,740 1,655 240
Total 16,805 6,070 6,305
Source: Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), 2013–2017 AMI = area median income

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Approximately 57 percent (5,464) of renter households spend more than 30 percent of gross income on housing costs, and 30 percent (2,912) spend more than half of their income on housing costs.

Table 18. Percent Income Spent on Rent in Indio (2020)
Percent of Income Spent Number of Households Percent of Total Renter Households <20% 1,547 16.1%
20%–30% 1,844 19.2%
30%–40% 1,607 16.7%
40%–50% 945 9.8%
>50% 2,912 30.3%
Not Computed 562 5.9%
Source: SCAG 2020

Based off the average rent for a studio in 2019, one-person, very low-income households would be able to afford the costs by spending just slightly more than 30 percent of their income on rent. One- and two- person households in extremely low-income categories would be burdened by the median cost of a studio apartment. One-bedroom apartments would be unaffordable to less than four-person, very low- income households, pointing toward overcrowded conditions or overpayment; however, a one- or two- bedroom apartment would be affordable for one- and two-person low-income households. In conclusion, three-or-more bedroom units are likely to only be affordable to moderate- and above- moderate-income households. Rental prices are further discussed in Section 1.7.2, Rental Prices.

The HUD-formulated fair-market rent schedule serves as a guide for the maximum rents allowable for those units receiving Section 8 assistance. HUD uses the Consumer Price Index and the Census Bureau housing survey data to calculate the fair-market rent for each area. Table 19 indicates the fair-market rents for one-, two-, three-, and four-bedroom units in Riverside County from 2000 to 2020. As shown, rents nearly doubled from 2000 to 2010, but only increased by approximately 18 percent from 2010 to 2020.

Table 19. HUD Fair Market Rents Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario Metropolitan Statistical Area (2000–2020)
Year One Bedroom Two Bedrooms Three Bedrooms Four Bedrooms 2000 $499 $609 $845 $999
2010 $940 $1,108 $1,559 $1,818
2015 $908 $1,153 $1,629 $1,987
2020 $1,030 $1,289 $1,789 $2,216
Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), 2000–2020

For the 14,581 mortgage holding households in Indio in 2018, just under half (48 percent or 7,056 households) are burdened by housing costs, spending 30 percent or more of their household income on housing. Table 20 illustrates the breakdown by percent of income spent on mortgage costs in 2018.

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20%–30% 3,598 24.7%
30%–40% 2,121 14.5%
40%–50% 1,335 9.2%
>50% 3,600 24.7%
Not Computed 474 3.3%
Source: SCAG 2020; 2018 ACS 5-Year Estimates B25091

1.5.5 Overcrowding
High housing costs can lead to overcrowding, especially for lower-income earners. Overcrowding is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as a housing unit occupied by more than one person per room. A severely overcrowded household is defined as having more than 1.5 persons per room. In this definition, “rooms” include living rooms, dining rooms, and bedrooms, but does not include kitchen or bathrooms.

Although some families with low incomes may willingly opt for overcrowded living arrangements to reduce spending, many lower-income residents often have no choice but to live in overcrowded housing. Overcrowded housing units can place a strain on physical facilities, and is often a less than desirable living environment.

Lower rates of overcrowding may lead to more positive health outcomes. Additionally, overcrowding can be an indicator of the condition of a housing unit. When a housing unit is overcrowded, housing unit deterioration may be accelerated.

According to Census ACS data, there were 32,470 total occupied housing units in the City in 2019. Of the 32,470 total occupied housing units, 6.4 percent were considered overcrowded, including approximately 3 percent that were severely overcrowded. Although the number of renter-occupied units that are considered overcrowded and severely overcrowded are similar to those of owner-occupied units, renter-occupied units make up a smaller proportion of the City’s total occupied housing units (30.5 percent). As a proportion of total occupied housing units, renter-occupied households are disproportionately impacted by overcrowding and severe overcrowding. Table 21 provides a breakdown of the number of overcrowded units in the City in 2019 by owner- and renter-occupied units.

Table 21. Overcrowded Units in Indio (2019)
Persons per Room
Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied
Number Percent of Total
Occupied Units* Number Percent of Total
Occupied Units*

1.00 or Fewer 21,883 67.4% 8,723 26.9%

1.01 to 1.50 (Overcrowded) 536 1.7% 598 1.8%

1.51 or More (Severely Overcrowded) 512 2.2% 218 0.7%
Total Occupied Units 22,931 70.6% 9,539 29.4%
Source: 2019 ACS 5-Year Estimates B25014.
* Refers to the percentage of units in this category compared to the total occupied housing units in the City.

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This section describes the housing stock and market conditions in the City. By analyzing past and current housing trends, future housing needs can be projected.

1.6.1 Existing Housing Types
According to the California Department of Finance’s Population and Housing estimates, there were 32,539 housing units in the City in 2020, an increase of approximately 12.3 percent from 2010. The majority of the increase in units over the decade (88 percent) was from single-family development. Of the total housing stock in 2020, the majority, or 68.3 percent, were single-family detached units. Larger multifamily developments, consisting of five or more units in a structure, make up the next largest share of total housing units, with 11 percent of the total units in the City. The remaining housing types, including single-family attached units (townhomes and condominiums), smaller multifamily units containing between two to four units in a single structure, and mobile homes, make up less than 10 percent each of the City’s total housing stock. Table 22 summarizes the City’s housing stock in 2010 and 2020. Only single-family detached increased in its share of the total housing stock from 2010 to 2020. All other housing types saw a decrease in their share of the housing stock.

Table 22. Housing Inventory by Unit Type in Indio (2010 and 2020) Housing Type 2010 2020
Units Percent of Total Units Percent of Total
Single-Family, Detached 18,026 64.9% 22,216 68.3%
Single-Family, Attached 1,282 4.6% 1,344 4.1%
Multifamily, 2–4 Units 2,103 7.6% 2,192 6.7%
Multifamily, 5+ Units 3,445 12.4% 3,591 11.0%
Mobile Homes 2,940 10.6% 3,196 9.8%
Total Housing 27,796 100% 32,539 100%
Source: 2010 ACS 5-Year Estimates B25024; CA DOF E-5 Population and Housing Unit Estimates, 2020

1.6.2 Housing Tenure
According to the Census, 22,931 occupied units (70.6 percent) in the City were owner-occupied in 2019, while 9,839 units (29.4 percent) were renter-occupied. The percent of owner-occupied units in the City increased by 5.7 percent from 2010 to 2020, while the percent of owner-occupied units in the County decreased by 3.7 percent. The housing tenure trends from 2010 to 2019 for the City are summarized in Table 23.

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Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied Total
Number of Units Percent of
Total Units Number of Units Percent of
Total Units
Number of
Total Units
2010
Indio 14,915 64.9% 8,082 35.1% 22,997
Riverside County 467,086 70.0% 199,820 30.0% 666,906
2019
Indio 22,931 70.6% 9,539 29.4% 32,470
Riverside County 480,944 66.3% 243,949 33.7% 724,893
Source: 2010 and 2019 ACS 5-Year Estimates DP04
According to the Census ACS estimates, 5,593 units were vacant in 2010, while 6,526 units were vacant 2019 in the City. This indicates that that the overall vacancies increased in the City. Between 2010 and 2019, the number of units for rent decreased while the number of unoccupied rental units increased.

Additionally, the number of units for sale decreased and sold, unoccupied units increased. The vacancy by tenure trends from 2010 to 2019 are summarized in Table 24.

Table 24. Vacant Units by Tenure in Indio (2010 and 2019) Status 2010 2019
Units Percent Units Percent
For rent 1,166 21.0% 1,008 15.4%
Rented, not occupied 51 0.9% 99 1.5%
For sale only 810 14.6% 454 7.0%
Sold, not occupied 102 1.8% 302 4.6%
For seasonal, recreational, or occasional use 2,986 53.7% 4,150 63.6% For migrant workers 4 0.1% 42 0.6%
Other vacant 474 8.5% 471 7.2%
Total 5,593 100% 6,526 100%
Source: U.S. Census 2010 H5, 2019 ACS 5-Year Estimates B25004

1.6.3 Vacancy Rates
Vacancy rates are an indicator of housing supply and demand. Low vacancy rates indicate greater upward price pressures and a higher rate indicates downward price pressure. In general, an optimal vacancy rate is 2 percent for owner-occupied housing and 4 to 6 percent for rental units in a mature community, which indicates a stable housing market. This level of vacancy is assumed to ensure sufficient residential mobility and housing choice while providing adequate financial incentive for landlords or owners to maintain and repair their homes. In 2010, the vacancy rate in the City was approximately 19 percent. In 2020, the estimated vacancy rate reduced to approximately 17 percent, according to the DOF. Although these vacancy rates are higher than what is considered “healthy,” the City does experience fluctuations in vacancy rates due to seasonal conditions. Several developments within the City cater to residents who live in the City for only a portion of the year. Depending on the time of year, the vacancy rates may be lower or higher than reported by the Census Bureau. Table 25 shows the occupancy status of all housing units in the City in 2010 and 2020.

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Occupancy Status 2010 Percent of Total
Units 2020 Percent of Total
Units
Total Occupied Housing Units 23,378 80.7% 27,136 83.4%
Vacant Housing Units 5,593 19.3% 5,403 16.6%
Total Housing Units 28,971 100% 32,539 100%
Source: DOF E‐5 City/County Population and Housing Estimates 2010–2020

1.6.4 Housing Condition
The age of a housing unit is often an indicator of housing conditions. In general, housing that is 30 years or older may exhibit need for repairs based on the useful life of materials. For example, housing that is over 30 years old is typically in need of some major rehabilitation, such as a new roof, foundation, or plumbing. Many Federal and State programs also use the age of housing as one factor in determining housing rehabilitation needs. Housing older than 50 years is considered aged and is more likely to exhibit a need for major repairs. Table 26 categorizes the City’s housing units by the units’ year of construction. According to Census ACS data, 15,813 of the City’s housing units, or approximately 41 percent, were constructed prior to 1990, making them at least 30 years old. Of those housing units, 5,310 were constructed prior to 1970 (at least 50 years old), which accounts for approximately 13 percent of the housing stock.

Table 26. Housing Stock by Year Built in Indio
Year Built Units Percent of Total Housing Units
2014 and later 1,360 3.5%
2010–2013 1,446 3.7%
2000–2009 15,664 40.2%
1990–1999 4,713 12.1%
1980–1989 6,585 16.9%
1970–1979 3,918 10.0%
1960–1969 2,603 6.7%
1950–1959 2,103 5.4%
1940–1949 376 1.0%
1939 or earlier 228 0.6%
Total Housing Units 38,996 100%
Source: 2019 ACS 5-Year Estimates DP04

There are several other Census indicators that are useful in identifying potential units in need of replacement or demolition. These indicators include units without heating, or units with incomplete facilities, including units lacking conventional plumbing, or units lacking complete kitchen facilities. The latter variable may also be an indicator of units constructed illegally. According to 2019 Census ACS estimates, only 0.1 percent of occupied housing units (42 units) in the City lacked complete plumbing facilities, and 0.3 percent lacked complete kitchen facilities. Approximately 5.5 percent, or 1,789 units,

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Revised Resolution No. 10254 re-approving the revised version of Housing... Page 350 of 1245 Page | 18 City of Indio Appendix B: Community Profile of the City’s total households are considered overcrowded by the American Community Survey. Based solely on the age of the housing stock, the maximum number of units in the City that are in need of some sort of rehabilitation is approximately 15,813 housing units. However, these are incredibly large estimates when considering the number of units in the City that are in need of rehabilitation or replacement. Locally available data provides a more accurate estimate of the number of units in the City that are in need of replacement or rehabilitation.

The County of Riverside Department of Housing, Homelessness Prevention, and Workforce Solutions (2020-2021), provided support for the rehabilitation of 32 housing projects in 2020-2021 to improve the conditions of substandard housing for lower‐income homeowners, seniors, and disabled persons throughout the County of Riverside. In 2019-2020, 224 housing units were rehabilitated throughout the County of Riverside through the No Place Like Home Program. These represent only a fraction of a percent of the region-wide housing stock. Additionally, during the 5th Cycle Housing Element, the City funded the rehabilitation of 108 total homes.

During the previous housing element cycle, the City received three rounds of Neighborhood Stabilization Program funding and rehabilitated a total of 108 homes, which represents approximately 0.2 percent of the City’s housing stock. The range in estimates for the number of units in the City that are in need of repair and replacement varies greatly. Whereas Census data demonstrates high estimates ranging between 5.5 percent and 40 percent, low ranges are provided through local data which indicate that the low estimates could be approximately 1 percent of the housing stock. To gather more precise local estimates, the City will conduct a comprehensive survey of current housing conditions in the City through implementation of Program 8, Code Compliance, of the Housing Element.

Housing Costs and Rents
High housing costs compared to household income can create housing challenges for households whose incomes fall below the AMI. When the housing stock does not meet the varying income needs of households at all income levels, housing affordability can become a burden on many households, especially those with limited earnings. This section evaluates housing cost trends in the City.

1.7.1 Housing Price Trends
Table 27 presents 2019 estimates of owner‐occupied housing values. In 2019, just under 25 percent were valued below $200,000. The largest proportion of homes fell within the $300,000 to $499,999 value range.

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Under $50,000 1,135
$50,000 to $99,999 774
$100,000 to $149,999 1,251
$150,000 to $199,999 2,334
$200,000 to $299,999 7,575
$300,000 to $499,999 8,039
$500,000 to $999,999 1,661
$1,000,000 and above 162
Total 22,931
Median value: $281,400
Source: 2019 ACS 5-Year Estimates DP04
As shown in Table 28, the median sale price for homes in the City was $325,000 in 2018. This represents an increase in the median sales price in 2010 by approximately 81 percent. The median sales price in the City was lower than the median sales price Countywide in 2018; however, it should be noted that, according to Census ACS data, the City’s median income was $53,669 in 2018, and the County’s median income was $67,005. It is estimated that in addition to a $65,000 (20 percent) down payment for the purchase of a $325,000 house, a buyer would need to earn approximately $57,000 a year assuming a 3 percent interest rate on a 30-year mortgage. This indicates that if buyers can find the means for a down payment, the median house price is within reach for above moderate- and some moderate-income households, and may even be within reach for select low-income households. However, a 20 percent down payment can be a challenge for many potential buyers, and although some lenders will often accept lower down payments, this is usually in exchange for higher interest rates.

Table 28. Median Home Sale Price in Indio (2018)
Jurisdiction Year 2010 Year 2018 Percent Change
Indio $180,000 $325,000 80.6%
Riverside County $200,000 $380,000 90%
Source: SCAG 2020

Figure 2 demonstrates the median home sale price for homes in the City from 2000 through 2018. From 2000 to 2018, median home sale prices in the City increased 160 percent. The highest experienced median home price since 2000 was $380,000 in 2006. Comparatively, within the same period, AMI increased less than 1 percent, indicating that housing costs are outpacing incomes.

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Source: SCAG Local Profiles, SCAG median home sales price calculated as household-weighted average of County medians.

Figure 2. Median Home Sales Price for Existing Homes in Indio (2000–2018)

1.7.2 Rental Prices
Table 29 provides median monthly rent estimates by number of bedrooms in the housing unit.

According to the 2019 estimates, the median monthly rent for a studio apartment in the City was $693 per month, or $8,316 per year. The minimum annual income needed to afford a studio apartment without being burdened by the costs is $27,720 a year. For comparison, a three-bedroom apartment costs nearly twice as much as a studio, and the minimum household income needed to not be burdened by the housing cost is $54,120. Although families with children often need more bedrooms, they also often have additional costs related to childcare and education, leaving appropriately sized housing units further out of reach, especially for lower-income households.

Table 29. Median Monthly Rent by Unit Size in Indio (2019) Unit Size Median Gross Rent
Studio $693
1 Bedroom $878
2 Bedrooms $1,043
3 Bedrooms $1,353
4 Bedrooms $1,972
5 or More Bedrooms $2,322
Source: 2019 ACS 5-Year Estimates B25031

$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
Median Home Sales Price

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1.7.3 COVID-19 Impact on Home Prices
Due to the seriousness of the public health crisis resulting from COVID-19, there is a lot of economic uncertainty. Southern Californians, challenged by the pandemic, bought the fewest homes in June 2020 than in any June on record, while record-low mortgage rates helped push the median selling price to an all-time high.

Based on the CoreLogic Home Price Insights report, annual home price growth accelerated to its fastest rate in nearly 2 years in July 2020 in response to strong purchase demand because of the sudden wave of relocations made possible by remote work and the historically low mortgage rates falling below 3 percent. However, the number of sellers remained low in the summer of 2020, while the pool of prospective buyers expanded after some lockdown restrictions were lifted, as well as attractive, historically low, mortgage rates. Without homes for sale, the uneven buyer/seller dynamic led to an extremely competitive and challenging market for homebuyers.

On a nationwide level, the national Housing Price Index Forecast shows annual home price growth slowing through the middle of 2021, reflecting the anticipated elevated unemployment rates. This could lead to an increase of distressed-sale inventory as continued financial pressures leave some homeowners unable to make mortgage payments, especially as forbearance periods end.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the City has implemented resources to protect residents and the vulnerable rental population in the City. The City Council approved an additional $755,754 in Community Development Block Grant-Coronavirus funding for new programs that directly help residents because of circumstances brought on by COVID-19. These funds pay for a rental assistance program for City residents in partnership with Lift to Rise and a water utility delinquency program in partnership with United Way of the Desert and the Indio Water Authority. Of the funds allocated by the City Council at its January 2021 meeting, $110,000 in Community Development Block Grant-Coronavirus funding is earmarked to help eligible Indio Water Authority customers who have past-due water bills because of issues related to COVID-19, and $573,106.67 is set aside to pay for and administer a rental payment assistance grant program. Similar to programs already in place through Riverside County, Lift to Rise helps disburse funds to renters in the City who are in need of immediate help in paying past-due rent.

Approximately 285 households in the City could see relief through this program. See Section 4.1, Fair Housing Enforcement and Outreach Capacity, in Appendix D for additional program details.

Special Needs Populations
Housing Elements must include an analysis of special housing needs because certain segments of the population have more difficulty in finding decent, affordable housing due to special needs. This section identifies the special needs populations in the City, including older adults, large households, female‐ headed households, persons with disabilities, persons experiencing homelessness, and farmworkers.

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1.8.1 Older Adults
According to SCAG’s Local Housing Data, Federal housing data defines a household as an “elderly family” if it consists of two persons with either or both age 62 or older. Typically, older adults are retired and have fixed incomes, and often have special needs related to housing location and construction. Even older adult homeowners, who are at an advantage because their housing payments are fixed, are still subject to increasing utility rates and other living expenses. Moreover, many older adult residents may elect to remain in their own homes that are not designed to accommodate their special needs.

Due to limited mobility, older adults typically need access to services (e.g., medical and shopping) and public transit. In terms of housing construction, older adults may need ramps, handrails, elevators, lower cabinets and counters, and special security devices to allow for greater access, convenience, and self‐protection. The City recognizes that many older adults encounter temporary and permanent changes in their ability to conduct the tasks necessary for daily living. Universal design features create housing suited for people of all abilities, and can allow residents to stay in their homes over their lifetime. Through implementation of Program 1, Accessibility, the City will promote increased accessibility by connecting developers and residents to resources on design features that are accessible and safe to all people regardless of age, size, ability, or disability. The program also suggests including a universal design checklist or posting accessibility guides on the City’s website.

According to HUD’s CHAS estimates, there were a total of 7,865 older adult households in the City in 2016. Of those total households, approximately 17 percent earned less than 30 percent of the AMI (compared to approximately 24 percent in the SCAG region), and approximately 31 percent earned less than 50 percent of the AMI (similar to the SCAG region). Table 30 provides a summary of the “elderly family” households in the City by income category, relative to the surrounding area.

Table 30. Older Adult Households by Income and Tenure in Indio (2020) Income Category Owner Renter Total Percent of Total Older Adult Households
<30% HAMFI 830 515 1,345 17.1%
30%–50% HAMFI 770 305 1,075 13.7%
50%–80% HAMFI 1,075 280 1,355 17.2%
80%–100% HAMFI 585 75 660 8.4%
>100% HAMFI 3,100 330 3,430 43.6%
Total Households 6,360 1,505 7,865 100%
Source: SCAG 2020
HAMFI = Housing Urban Development Area Median Family Income During the previous 2014–2021 Housing Element planning period, the following senior housing development was built in the City:
• Parkwood at Polo Grounds Apartments: 55+ apartment community built in 2015 with amenities and 124 units.

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• Christiansen Apartments: 55+ apartment community with amenities and 145 units , also accommodating persons with disabilities.
• Cielo Vista Apartments: apartment community with amenities and 112 units. • Horizons at Indio: 55+ apartment community with amenities and 80 units , also accommodating persons with disabilities.
• Indigo View Apartments: apartment community that will work with seniors based on income. • Indio Gardens Apartments: 62+ apartme nt community with amenities and 151 units, also accommodating persons with disabilities.

The following communities, resources, and services addressing the needs of older adults exist in the City:
• Angelic Hands : assisted living facility providing assistance with daily tasks, medication management, and activities.
• Desert Cottages: assisted living facility specializing in memory care, pet therapy, hospice, and respite care.
• Desert S ky’s Board and Care: assisted living facility providing activities an d a variety of therapies.
• Desert Springs Healthcare: 68-bed nursing facility with semi and private rooms, open 24 hours a day and seven days a week.
• Indio Senior Center: senior community center providing a variety of recreational activities and classes, as well as seminars, assistance, and Medicare counseling. • Indio Springs Healthcare: 99-bed skilled nursing facility with 36-bed sub-acute unit, providing long- or short-term care and a variety of rehabilitation services.

Additional Resources serving the older adult population include:
• Alzheimer’s Association Support Group: contact Indio Senior Center for dates and additional information.
• Hidden Harvest Senior Market: farmers market held at the Indio Senior Center on Tuesday mornings, providing older adults with fresh produce at little to no cost. • Meals on Wheels : freshly made meals available for delivery. Participants must be 60+ and homebound due to illness, disability, or isolation. Interested parties may contact the Mizell Senior Center at (760) 323-5689.

See Section 1.1.4.1, Senior Housing in Appendix C, for a discussion on the City’s current zones that can accommodate housing developments for older adults.

Table 31 provides a detailed overview of the housing developments, resources, and services available for Older Adults in the City.

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Indio Senior Center
45-700 Aladdin Street
Indio, CA 92201
760.391.4170
• Provides a variety of recreational activities and classes, as well as seminars, assistance, and Medicare
counseling.

Skilled Nursing
Desert Springs Healthcare
82-262 Valencia Avenue
Indio, CA 92201
760.347.6000
• 68-bed facility with private and semi-private rooms and open 24 hours a day, seven days a week, including
visitations.
• Long-term and short-term care. Services includes a
variety of therapies.

Indio Nursing and Rehabilitation Center
47-763 Monroe Street
Indio, CA 92201
760.347.0750
• 99-bed skilled nursing facility with a 36-bed sub-acute unit.
• Provides long-term and short-term care, and a variety of rehabilitation services.

Independent Living
Christiansen Apartments
81-901 Shadow Palm Avenue
Indio, CA 92201
760.342.1432
• 145-unit apartment complex for 55+ and disabled
persons.

Cielo Vista Apartments
81-820 Shadow Palm Avenue
Indio, CA 92201
760.342.1432
• 112-unit apartment complex for 55+ lifestyles.

Horizons at Indio
45-405 Monroe Street
Indio, CA 92201
760.342.6961
• 80-unit apartment complex for 55+ and disabled persons.

Indio Gardens Apartments
82-490 Requa Avenue
Indio, CA 92201
760.347.4993
• 151-unit apartment complex for 62+ and disabled
persons.

Parkwood at Polo Grounds
81-777 Ave 48
Indio, CA 92201
760.347.3700
• 124-unit apartment complex for 55+ lifestyles.

Assisted Living
Angelic Hands
82-397 Stradivari Road
Indio, CA 92203
760.342.0248
License # 336426747
• Assistance with daily tasks, medication management,
and activities.

Desert Cottages
83-617 Himalaya Drive
Indio, CA 92203
760.342.7767
License # 336413271
• Specializes in memory care, pet therapy, hospice, and respite care.

Desert Sky’s Board & Care
84-701 Veliero Court
Indio, CA 92203
951.522.1425
License # 336413279
• Services provide 24-hour supervision, assisted daily
activities, and a variety of therapies.

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1.8.2 Persons with Disabilities, Including Developmental Disabilities Physical and developmental disabilities can hinder access to traditionally designed housing units, and potentially limit the ability to earn adequate income. Therefore, persons with disabilities often have special housing needs. Special exterior and interior design features are often needed to accommodate a tenant or homeowner with a disability. For example, door frames must be wider to accommodate wheelchairs, ramps are needed instead of stairs, handrails are needed in bathrooms, cabinet doors must be accessible, and light switches and other devices need to be within easy reach. Retrofitting an existing structure may cost thousands of dollars and be well beyond the reach of those households with lower incomes. The lack of housing to accommodate a person’s physical or developmental disability is even more pronounced when it comes to market-rate rental units. Unless such provisions are made for persons with a disability during original construction, such facilities will not likely be provided in a typical rental unit.

Disability types include individuals with hearing, vision, cognitive, ambulatory, self-care, or independent living difficulties. The Census ACS provides clarifying questions to determine persons with disabilities and differentiate disabilities within the population. The ACS defines a disability as a report of one of the six disabilities identified by the following questions:
• Hearing Disability: Is this person deaf or does he/she have serious difficulty hearing? • Visual Disability: Is this person blind or do they have serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses?
• Cognitive Difficulty: Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, does this pe rson have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions? • Ambulatory Difficulty: Does this person have serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs? • Self-Care Disability: Does this person have difficulty dressing or bathing? • Independent Living Difficulty: Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, does this person have difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping? Households with members who have a physical or developmental disability are also often occupied by older adults. In the City, approximately 34 percent of residents 65 years of age and older had a disability according to 2019 Census estimates. Of those older adults with disabilities, the most commonly occurring disability was an ambulatory disability, experienced by approximately 24 percent of the City’s older adults. The second most common disability was an independent living difficulty, experienced by approximately 18 percent of the City’s older adults.

Table 32 indicates the number of persons with a disability in the City arranged according to key age groupings in 2019. Of the population of working aged adults (18 to 64 years of age) identified in the 2019 Census ACS estimates, approximately 7 percent were identified as having a disability. The most prevalent disability type for those under 18 years of age is cognitive difficulty, and ambulatory is the most common among the other age groups (18 years and older). The City is currently working on implementing its Safe Routes to School project with construction expected to begin in the winter of 2021. The project, which leverages both state and federal funding, will increase accessibility and mobility for residents by constructing over five miles of new sidewalk around Herbert Hoover

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The development will provide a total of 396 new affordable rental units, including 61 ADA and accessible units and 41 sensory impaired units pursuant to California Building Code Chapter 11B. See Section 1.8.3, Large Families and Households, for additional project details.

Table 32. Disability Status of Indio Residents (2019)
Disability Type Percent of Population with Disabilities Under 18 Years 18 to 64 Years 65+ Years Total
Hearing Difficulty 0.4% 1.3% 13.0% 3.4%
Vision Difficulty 0.8% 1.1% 5.6% 1.9%
Cognitive Difficulty 1.3% 2.8% 6.2% 3.2%
Ambulatory Difficulty 0.7% 3.4% 22.7% 6.8%
Self-Care Difficulty 0.6% 1.1% 5.9% 2.0%
Independent Living Difficulty — 2.8% 11.4% 4.9%
Source: 2019 ACS 5-Year Estimates Data S1810

State law requires that the Housing Element discuss the housing needs of persons with developmental disabilities. The disabilities may include an intellectual disability, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, autism, and other developmental disabilities (Welfare and Institutions Code Section 4512). Many persons with a developmental disability can live and work independently within a conventional housing environment.

Individuals with a more severe developmental disability may require a group living environment where supervision is provided. The most severely affected individuals may require an institutional environment where medical attention and physical therapy are provided. Because developmental disabilities can exist before adulthood, the first issue in supportive housing for a person with a developmental disability is often the transition from the person’s living situation as a child to an appropriate level of independence as an adult.

As defined by Federal law, “developmental disability” means a severe, chronic disability of an individual that:
• is attributable to a mental or physical impairment or combination of mental and physical impairments;
• is manifested before the individual attains age 22;
• is likely to continue indefinitely;
• results in substantial functional limitations in three or more of the following areas of major life activity: (a) self-care, (b) receptive and expressive language, (c) learning, (d) mobility, (e) self-direction, (f) capacity for independent living, or (g) economic self-sufficiency; and • reflects the individual’s need for a combination and sequence of special, interdisciplinary, or generic services, individualized supports, or other forms of assistance that are of lifelong or extended duration and are individually planned and coordinated.

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Revised Resolution No. 10254 re-approving the revised version of Housing... Page 359 of 1245 Page | 27 City of Indio Appendix B: Community Profile The State Department of Developmental Services currently provides community-based services to persons with developmental disabilities and their families through a Statewide system of 21 community- based, non-profit agencies known as regional centers. The Inland Regional Center is one of the 21 regional centers that serve the City that provide a point of entry to services for people with developmental disabilities. As of December 2020, there were approximately 648 persons in the City who had been diagnosed with a developmental disability and are receiving case management services at the Inland Regional Center, including 325 residents between 0 to 17 years old and 323 residents 18 years and older. According to the U.S. Administration on Developmental Disabilities, an accepted estimate of the population that can be defined as developmentally disabled is 1.5 percent; therefore, based on the number of people who are diagnosed and receiving treatment, the City is below this threshold at 0.007 percent.

The City will address the needs for persons with disabilities through various Programs in the Housing Element, including Program 1, Accessibility, which will increase opportunities for those with temporary, developing, or permanent disabilities using accessible, universal designs; Program 5, Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice, which identifies obstacles to fair housing and provides outreach affecting those with special needs; Program 17, Housing Assistance Resources, which aims to maximize participation in housing assistance programs by disseminating informational materials and resources to inform residents of program availability, eligibility, and requirements; and Program 28, Reasonable Accommodation Procedures, which provides persons with disabilities an equal opportunity to use and enjoy a dwelling through accommodations and relief from regulations.

The following provides services for persons with disabilities exist in the City:
• Adult Protective Services: aids older adults and persons with d isabilities by alleviating physical, sexual and financial abuse, neglect, isolation and abandonment, abduction and mental suffering.
• All-Desert Wellness Center: organization providing mental and behavioral health services for individuals, children, adolescents, couples, seniors, and families in the Coachella Valley. • In-Home Supportive Services (IHSS): an alternative to out-of-home care, IHSS will help pay for services provided to individuals over 65 years of age, disabled (adult or child), or blind. • Office on Aging: care services for seniors and persons with disabilities. • Sundial/Sunline of the Coachella Valley: transportation for seniors and persons with disabilities.
• Volunteers of America Southwest: non-profit aiding with behavioral health services, veterans services, and affordable housing.

In addition, communities, resources, and services for older adults with disabilities can be found in Section 1.8.1 Older Adults. Communities, resources, and services for persons with disabilities seeking emergency housing assistance can be found in Section 1.8.5 Population Experiencing Homelessness and Transitional Housing.

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1.8.3 Large Families and Households
The term “large family” refers to a family of five or more persons. According to the 2019 Census ACS estimates, there were 24,239 families in the City with an average family size of 3.3 people. Of those families, 2,593 families had five or more people. It is important to note that over a quarter of the large families in the City were below the poverty level (219 families) in 2019, according to Census ACS data.

As defined by HCD, large households are defined as having five or more persons living within the same household. Large households are considered a special needs group because they require higher bedroom counts. Due to the limited supply of adequately sized units to accommodate large-family households, large families face an above‐average level of difficulty in locating adequately sized affordable housing. Even when large units are available, the cost is generally higher than that of smaller units. The lack of supply, compounded with the lower income of larger families, results in many large families living in overcrowded conditions. According to Census ACS estimates, the total number of overcrowded households has decreased in the last decade. As presented in Table 33, there were 3,907 households in the City in 2019 with at least five persons, representing 12 percent of the households in the City. By comparison, in 2011, there were 5,265 households in the City with at least five persons, representing 22.9 percent of the total households in the City at that time.

According to Census ACS estimates, approximately 23 percent (9,062 units) of the City’s total housing units had four rooms and approximately 64 percent (24,969 units) had five or more rooms in 2019. Of the City’s renter-occupied housing units, approximately 74 percent (7,061 units) had four or more rooms, including 1,875 units with six or more rooms. Based on the number of housing units available with five or more rooms, there is an adequate supply of large units. However, based on the median monthly rent estimates discussed in Section 1.7.2, Rental Prices, the median monthly rent for a unit with five or more bedrooms would be $2,322 and the median monthly rent for a unit with four bedrooms would be $1,972. Based on 2020 State Income Limits as discussed in Section 1.5.3, Household Income and Extremely Low-Income Households, a five-person, low-income household would be spending approximately 36 percent of their income on rent for a four-bedroom unit or approximately 43 percent of their income on rent for a five-bedroom unit. A five-person, median-income household would be spending approximately 29 percent of their income on rent for a four-bedroom unit or approximately 34 percent of their income on rent for a five-bedroom unit. When considered six-person, low-income households, they would be spending approximately 34 percent of their income on rent for a four- bedroom unit or approximately 40 percent of their income on rent for a five-bedroom unit. A six-person, median-income household would be spending approximately 27 percent of their income on rent for a four-bedroom unit or approximately 32 percent of their income on rent for a five-bedroom unit.

Meaning that most five- and six-person households earning less than the median income would be rent burdened or severely rent burdened when renting adequately sized units, or face overcrowding conditions in small housing units.

As further detailed in Section 4.2, Planned, Approved, and Prospective Projects, in Appendix E, the City recently approved Phase I and II of the Arroyo Crossing mixed-use project. The project is expected to be completed during the planning period and will provide a total of 396 affordable units. All units will be affordable for a 55-year period per recorded covenants, and include units affordable to extremely low-, very-low, and low-income households. Phase I of the project will provide 184 new rental units, including

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The City will do so through implementation of various Programs in the Housing Element, including Program 33, Sites Inventory Zoning Update Program, which will drastically increase the opportunity for multifamily housing development in the City and create the opportunity for at least 2,286 units of multifamily housing for lower-income households through the adoption of the City’s updated Zoning Ordinance; Program 4, Affordable Homeownership Opportunities, which can increase opportunities for homeownership for lower- and moderate-income households, providing access to larger housing units than traditional multifamily rental units; and Program 11, Development Incentives and Program 15, External Funding Opportunities, which aim to implement a range of financial and regulatory incentive approaches and seek funding sources to facilitate the development of housing for lower-income households.

Table 33. Large Households by Tenure (2019)
Number of Persons in Unit Owner Occupied Renter Occupied Total Five 1,311 917 2,228
Six 601 208 809
Seven or More 595 275 870
Total 2,507 1,400 3,907
Source: U.S. Census, 2014–2019 ACS B25009

1.8.4 Female‐Headed Household and Single Parent Households According to Census ACS estimates, there were 32,470 households and 20,747 family households in the City in 2019. Of those total households, 3,579 were female-headed, or approximately 11 percent of the total households and 17 percent of family households. Of those female-headed households, 2,183 households (approximately 11 percent of the total family households) had related, dependent children younger than 18 years of age. This data is important when considering social service needs, such as childcare, recreation programs, and health care, which are of special concern to these households.

Female‐headed households also tend to have comparatively low rates of homeownership, lower incomes, and high poverty rates, which often makes the search for affordable, decent, and safe housing more difficult. According to Census ACS data, approximately 32 percent of female-headed households with related children younger than 18 years (702 households) were experiencing poverty in 2019, compared to 11 percent of total family households in the City who were experiencing poverty. In terms of housing tenure, female-headed household tenure was split nearly evenly between owner-occupied and renter-occupied: 51 percent and 49 percent, respectively. However, it is important to note that approximately 39 percent of renter-occupied female-headed households were experiencing poverty in 2019, compared to 7 percent of owner-occupied female-headed households, and renter-occupied householders were much more likely to have children in the household than were owner-occupied householders. Table 34 summarizes the number of female-headed households below the poverty level by household’s tenure.

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Table 34. Female-Headed Households in Poverty by Tenure Status in Indio (2019) Household Type
Owner Renter
Total Number of
Households
Percent Below
Poverty Level
Number of
Households
Percent Below
Poverty Level
Family Households 15,245 (73.5%) 5.7% 5,502 (26.5%) 25.4% 20,747 Female-Headed, No
Spouse Present 1,827 (51%) 6.8% 1,752 (49%) 38.5% 3,579 Source: 2019 ACS 5-Year Estimates Data B17010, S1702

Table 35. Single-Parent Households in Poverty in Indio (2019) Household Type Total
Households
Households
Below Poverty
Level
Households with Related
Children of the Householder
Under 18 Years
Households Below Poverty Level
with Related Children of the
Householder Under 18 Years
Family Households 20,747 2,265 (10.9%) 8,555 1,721 (20.1%) Female-Headed, No
Spouse Present 3,579 799 (22.3%) 2,183 703 (32.2%)
Male-Headed, No
Spouse Present 1,941 372 (19.2%) 1,109 361 (32.6%)
Source: 2019 ACS 5-Year Estimates Data B11004

1.8.5 Population Experiencing Homelessness and Transitional Housing The Continuum of Care (CoC) Program, under the County of Riverside Department of Public Social Services, provides assistance for the County of Riverside in working with people experiencing homelessness. The CoC Program is a network of private and public sector service providers that help organize and deliver supportive social services, including housing options, that meet the specific needs of individuals and families experiencing homelessness. The CoC Program is also tasked to track and manage the homeless community in their area. One of most important activities entrusted to the CoC Program is the biannual count of the homeless population and an annual enumeration of emergency systems, transitional housing units, and beds that make up the homeless assistance systems. These counts provide an overview of the state of homelessness in a CoC area, and offer the information necessary to redirect services, funding, and resources as necessary.

To further their efforts, the County of Riverside CoC Program oversees the Point-in-Time Count of unsheltered adults on a single day to determine the extent of homelessness in Riverside County. The

AGENDA ITEM #10.1
Revised Resolution No. 10254 re-approving the revised version of Housing... Page 363 of 1245 Page | 31 City of Indio Appendix B: Community Profile Federally mandated annual census of persons experiencing homelessness known as the Point-in-Time Count is meant to be a one-day snapshot of persons living either on the streets or in short-term shelters.

Various circumstances that may lead to homelessness include the following:
• Chronically homeless, single adults, including non -institutionalized, mentally disabled individuals, alcohol and drug abusers, older adults with insufficient incomes, and others who voluntarily, or are forced, due to financial circumstances, to live on the streets. • Minors who have run away from home.
• Low-income families that are temporarily homeless due to financial circumstances or are in the process of searching for a home (single -parent fami lies, m ostly female -headed, are especially prevalent in this group).
• Individuals and families who are fleeing, or are attempting to flee, domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, stalking, or other dangerous or life-threatening conditions.

According to the 2020 Point-in-Time Count and Survey Data performed by the County of Riverside’s Department of Public Social Services, there were an estimated 2,884 people—729 sheltered and 2,155 unsheltered—experiencing homelessness in Riverside County. As of the 2020 survey, there were an estimated 83 unsheltered people experiencing homelessness in the City.

Of the 83 unsheltered homeless individuals that were counted, 52 were open to interviews. The following observations were made about the subpopulation:
• White was the most common race individuals identified with, at 42%. The remainder of individuals identified with multiple races or the race was unknown. • Forty percent of indiv iduals identified as Hispanic, 38% of individuals identified as non - Hispanic, and 24% were unknown.
• Males accounted for 67% of the population and females accounted for 30%. Two percent had an unknown gender.
• Most of these individuals were over age 24, at 8 6%. Youth accounted for 7% and 7% were unknown.

Additionally, those who were interviewed gave the following responses:
• All but one of the individuals were veterans.
• Half of these Individuals were chronically homeless.
• More than half of the subpopulation di d not have substance abuse, PTSD, mental health conditions, physical disabilities, develop mental disabilities, brain injuries, were victims of domestic violence, or had HIV or AIDs.
• Substance abuse, PTSD, mental health conditions were the most common responses among those who answered “yes” to having these conditions.
• Of those who served jail t ime, 2 had complete sentences after 90 days, 2 had complete sentences after 12 months, and 4 were on a 12-month probation.

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Revised Resolution No. 10254 re-approving the revised version of Housing... Page 364 of 1245 Page | 32 City of Indio Appendix B: Community Profile The City will implement programs to address homeless and transitional services and facilities as indicated in its Housing Element Update. Program 21, Local Housing Trust Fund, entails the establishment of a Local Housing Trust Fund dedicated to the creation, rehabilitation, and preservation of affordable housing, transitional housing, and emergency services. The Community Development Department and Finance Department will need to identify a dedicated revenue source to ensure the availability of resources on a regular basis. Additionally, the City will explore funding sources such as commercial linkage fees, an inclusionary housing ordinance, or other fees or taxes. Program 22, Low-Barrier Navigation Centers, will amend the Zoning Code to permit its development as a use by-right in mixed-use and non-residential zones that permit residential uses. These are temporary facilities that focus on moving people into permanent housing. Case managers will provide individuals experiencing homelessness a connection to income, housing benefit, health services, shelter, and housing opportunities.

A full analysis as required to be assessed based on the capacity necessary to accommodate the most recent homeless point-in-time count conducted before the start of the planning period for the City is included in Appendix C of the Housing Element (refer to Appendix C, Section 1.1.4.4, Emergency Shelters, Transitional Housing, and Supportive Housing).

Table 36 lists homeless and transitional services and facilities located in or near the City.

Table 36. Indio Area Homeless and Transitional Services and Facilities Facility Services
ABC Recovery Center
44‐374 Palm Street
Indio, CA 92201
760.342.6616
Residential treatment and transitional living facilities. • 6 detox beds where people stay 5 to 7days.
• 40 beds – Transitional living residential village with 10, four‐ bedroom bungalows. Residents stay up to a year.
• Average 4–5 beds are available/empty each night.

Coachella Valley Rescue Mission
47‐518 Van Buren Street
Indio, CA 92201
760.347.3612
The Mission is the only drop‐in shelter in the Valley.
• Emergency shelter with an average count of 90 to 95 beds for people experiencing homelessness or struggling to make ends meet.
• Residential shelter with 150 beds for people recovering from homelessness, poverty, and other struggles in long-term programs.
• 7–8 family rooms that accommodate mothers with young
children (for 60+ women and children).
• 2–6 beds available/empty on average every other month.

Harrison House by Safe House of the Desert
72-695 La Canada Way
Thousand Palms, CA 92276
760.636.4799
Transitional living program designed for youth ages 18 to 22. • 15-unit apartment complex.
• Services offering counseling, life-skills training, medical health assistance, education assistance, employment assistance, and aftercare.

Martha’s Village and Kitchen
83‐791 Date Avenue
Indio, CA 92201
760.347.4741
Emergency residential facility providing housing for homeless adults and children.
• Emergency residential facility for families with 120 beds consisting of 95 beds for families with children and 25 beds for singles in 32 rooms (23 rooms for families, 5 rooms for single men, and 4 rooms for single women).
• Programs and services for non-residents includes a wide range of emergency assistance, including food, clothing vouchers, infant supplies, and more.

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Safe House of the Desert
72-710 East Lynn Street
Thousand Palms, CA 92276
760.343.3221
Immediate shelter for youth.
• 20-bed shelter accommodating teens ages 11-17 and open 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
• Services include counseling, on-site education, substance abuse education, skills lab and aftercare.

Shelter from the Storm
Administrative Offices
73‐555 Alessandro Drive, Suite D
Palm Desert, CA 92260
760.674.0400
Services for women escaping a violent environment. Located in Palm Desert but serving the Coachella Valley.
• 20-bed, 60-day emergency crisis shelter for victims of intimate partner domestic violence and their children fleeing imminent domestic violence in their homes.

1.8.6 Farmworkers
According to HCD, farmworkers are traditionally defined as persons whose primary incomes are earned through permanent or seasonal agricultural work. The demographics on farm laborers in all California markets are collected and reported on a regional or countywide basis. The data collected includes income, household status, and length of time the laborers work in each area. There are generally three classifications: 1) migrant farmworkers defined as an individual who is required to be absent from a permanent place of residence for the purpose of seeking remunerated employment in agricultural work5 2) Seasonal farmworkers are individuals who are employed in temporary farm work but do not move from their permanent residence to seek farm work1; they may also have other sources of employment.; and 3) permanent farmworkers who are employed most of the year in one location on a generally year-round basis.6
The City permits housing for farmworkers. Any employee housing providing accommodation for six or fewer employees is deemed as a single-family structure with a residential land use and is allowed by-right in the any zone that permits residential development such as multifamily or single-family. For a detailed analysis of housing for farmworkers, refer to Appendix C, Constraints and Zoning Analysis.

Farmworkers have special housing needs because of their relatively low incomes and unstable nature of their jobs. According to the California Department of Employment Development (EDD), the County of Riverside is home to approximately home to 10,620 farmworkers (crops, nursery, farm, ranch, aquacultural) as of 2018. The EDD expects this sector to grow by approximately 150 farmworker jobs or 1.4 percent by 2028. 2019 ACS, estimated 803 City residents (approximately 3 percent of the civilian employed population) were employed in agriculture, classified as farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. However, the ACS numbers do not reflect the migrant or annual workers who “live” in the area from 3 to 9 months each year.

SCAG Pre-Certified Local Housing Data indicates approximately 1.16 percent of City residents are permanent farmworkers. Table 37 provides the number of seasonal and full-time farmworkers in the City.

Compared to the SCAG region, the City has a relatively small number of farmworkers.

5 https://www.migrantclinician.org/issues/migrant-info/migrant.html. 6 https://www.hcd.ca.gov/community-development/building-blocks/housing needs/farmworkers/docs/screen10farmworkers.pdf

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Occupation Number of Employees Percent of Indio
Workers SCAG Total
Farming, fishing, and forestry
(seasonal) 790 2.13% 57,741
Full-time, year -round farming,
fishing, and forestry (permanent) 291 1.16% 31,521
Source: SCAG, 2020.

According to the latest U.S. Agriculture Census in 2012, there are approximately 2,949 farms in Riverside County. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimated a median hourly wage of $13.78 for farmworkers in the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario Metropolitan Statistical Area (May 2020).7 For full-time farmworkers, the median hourly wage equates to approximately $28,660 annually which is well below the Area Median Income of $75,300 for a four-person household as identified on Table 13. Statewide surveys provide some insight into the housing needs of farmworkers such as:
• Limited Income: Farmworkers typically fall within extremely low ‐income groups. While farmworkers are typically paid California’s minimum wage rate, the work is seasonal as is shown in Table 34, there are more seasonal farmworkers than permanent farmworkers .

Therefore, the majority of the farmworkers, who have seasonal employment, in the City are earning less than the median average salary of $28,660. • Overcrowding: Because of their very-low incomes, farmworkers have limited housing choices and often forced to live in overcrowded condition to afford rents. • Substandard Housing Conditions: In addition to overcrowded conditions, farmworkers will often occupy substandard housing, including in formal shacks, illegal garage units, and other structures generally unsuitable for occupancy. Research suggests farmworker health maybe linked to negative mental and physical health outcomes since much of farmworker housing is in poor condition including exposure to mold, mildew, and other allergens; pesticides; and structural deficiencies.8
As previously mentioned, due to low wages, and the seasonal and transient nature of the occupation, farmworkers have limited housing choices. While the City is not responsible for development, the City is responsible for ensuring there is capacity for affordable housing. Examples of affordable housing in the City include the Horizons at Indio, a 2008 development project from Urban Housing Communities, which is an 80-unit affordable, senior housing complex with 40 units occupied by former or current older adult farmworkers. In addition, the Coachella Valley Housing Coalition (CVHC) has developed and owns 39 rental housing developments, totaling 2,853 units, in the Coachella Valley. The rental projects are developed to house low‐income families and individuals looking for a steppingstone to homeownership,

7 https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes452092.htm
8 “Farmworker Housing in the United States and Its Impact on Health.” Quandt, Sara A. et al, (2015). https://doi.org/10.1177/1048291115601053.

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Revised Resolution No. 10254 re-approving the revised version of Housing... Page 367 of 1245 Page | 35 City of Indio Appendix B: Community Profile and those individuals with special needs unable to find housing in the private market, including farmworkers. In addition to the farmworker housing needs identified for the State, housing needs and challenges specific to the City include high land fees. High land fees pose challenges, not only to farmworkers who want to purchase a home, but also for non-profit developers who build affordable housing for farmworkers. Another issue is the availability of current affordable housing in the City.

During the outreach period for the development of the Housing Element, a local non-profit noted that there are approximately 10,000 people on an affordable waiting list for the Coachella Valley region.

Recognizing the need for farm labor in the community, the Coachella Valley Housing Coalition currently operates the developments catering to the farmworker population shown in Table 38. Additionally, 100 units, including 99 very-low- income deed-restricted farmworker units, are expected to be completed during the 2021–2029 planning period for Villa Hermosa Apartments Phase III.

Table 38. Coachella Valley Housing Coalition (CVHC) Farm Worker Housing in Indio Name Units/Services
Desert Garden Apartments
83‐880 Avenue 48
Indio, CA 92201
88 units – Multi-family, farmworker
Fred Young Labor Apartments
47155 Van Buren Street
Indio, CA 92201
100 units – Family, farmworker
Villa Hermosa Apartments
83-805 Drive, Carreon Boulevard
Indio, CA 92201
Phase I: 85 units – Family, farmworker
Phase II: 68 units – Family, farmworker
(Phase III will provide an additional 100 units to replace Fred Young Labor Apartments)
In addition, three housing projects in the region are being developed by Coachella Valley Housing Coalition through the Coachella Valley’s housing catalyst fund called “We Lift.” The innovative community development partnership brings together local and national actors to stimulate the production of needed affordable housing in the region. The multi-year effort involves more than 50 regional partners, including Lift to Rise, the Low-Income Investment Fund, RCAC, Wells Fargo and County of Riverside Housing, Homelessness Prevention and Workforce Solutions. Table 39 provides details for the first three projects which have received capital from the fund.

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Name Units/Services
Las Casas Apartments
51550 Tyler St. and 51600 Tyler St.

Coachella, CA 92236
128 units Family, Farmworker (30% to 60% of AMI)
Development will rehabilitate two existing developments.

Amenities include Community rooms, tot lots, and a childcare center.

Vista Sunrise II
Palm Springs, CA
61 units Family, Special Needs (30% to 60% of AMI)
New construction permanent supportive housing. Amenities include a community room, courtyard and dog park.

Oasis Villas Community
66th Avenue
Thermal, CA

160 units Family, Farmworker (30% to 50% AMI)
New construction mixed -use project on 25 -acres. Amenities include a health clinic, community -serving retail spaces, community room, pool, tot lots, a soccer field and a basketball court.

Other regional, statewide, and interstate organizations and agencies also advocate for farmworker rights and quality of life (see Table 40). For example, the Rural Communities Assistance Corporation advocates for numerous populations that generally live and/or work in rural areas including the farmworker population. They successfully advocated for and partnered with the County of Riverside Housing Authority to build and maintain affordable housing units which are designed to fit the needs of farmworkers. The organization, like many others of the sort, also provide farmworkers and other disadvantaged populations with financial planning resources, as well as connect the population to other service groups who advocate for a diversity of remedies to the challenges farmworker communities face.

Table 40. Indio Area Farmworker Advocacy Organizations and Services Organization Services
Coachella Valley Housing Coalition
45701 Monroe St., Suite G
Indio, CA 92201
Phone: 760-347-3457
Email: [email protected]
• Affordable housing acquisition and management
such as the Villa Hermosa Apartments in Indio
• Myriad of financial and regulatory counseling
• Scholarship funds for housing
Rural Communities Assistance Corporation
3120 Freeboard Dr.

West Sacramento, CA 95691
Phone: 916-447-2854
• Technical and financial development assistance
• Advocacy for affordable housing in rural
communities including a partnership for
farmworker housing in the County of Riverside

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Fair Housing Council of Riverside County
4164 Brockton Ave.

Riverside, CA 92501
Phone: 951-682-6581
Email: [email protected]
• Housing advocacy and financial development
counseling
California Coalition for Rural Housing
717 K Street, Suite 400
Sacramento, CA 95814
Phone: 916-443-4448
Email: [email protected]
• Farmworker housing advocacy
• Local leadership training
• Technical development assistance
California Rural Legal Assistance Foundation
1921 N. Gateway Blvd., Suite 102
Fresno, CA 93727
Phone: 559-486-6278
Email: [email protected]
• Provides free civil legal services to low-income
residents of California's rural counties.
• Operate out of an office in the City of Coachella
California Farmworker Foundation
Kensington St.

Delano, CA 93215
Phone: 661-778-0015
Email: [email protected]
• Non-profit providing educational program
• Assistance for farmworker such as food distribution
• COVID-19 Resources such as personal protective
equipment
County of Riverside Agricultural Commissioner’s Office
3403 Tenth St., Suite 701
Riverside, CA 92501
Phone: 951-955-3045
Email: [email protected]
• Provides link phone numbers, and websites for
agricultural related issues.
• Labor standards and enforcement
• Link food stamp resources such as Cal Fresh
Affordable Housing

1.9.1 Assisted Housing Developments at Risk
Section 65583 of the California Government Code was amended in 1991, requiring an analysis of subsidized units and a description of programs to preserve assisted housing developments. One of the foremost housing problems in the State involves the loss of affordability restrictions on a substantial portion of the government-assisted rental housing stock. Much of this housing is “at-risk” of conversion from affordable housing stock reserved predominantly for lower-income households to market-rate housing. Several government programs, with different regulatory standards, were used to finance these properties, and, thus, the nature of the risk of conversion differs. HUD maintains a list of notices (6- month and 12-month) received by HUD pursuant to California’s notice requirements (Government Code Sections 65863.10 and 65863.11). Private owners of assisted multifamily rental housing units who are considering no longer providing rental restrictions and converting restricted units to market-rate units must provide notice to HUD.

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Revised Resolution No. 10254 re-approving the revised version of Housing... Page 370 of 1245 Page | 38 City of Indio Appendix B: Community Profile According to information provided by HUD, no conversion notices have been filed on behalf of any affordable housing providers in the City. According to information complied by the California Housing Partnership Corporation, there are 1,786 affordable housing units in the City.

The agreement for Desert Gardens Apartments project-based assistance is set to expire in 2030. This property is subsidized under the United States Department of Agriculture’s Rural Rental Assistance Program. This property was built by CVHC in 1998 and continues to be maintained by this non-profit today. This development offers on-site programs that include preschool and adult education. This property has been identified as a low risk of expiration because the likeliness that the contract with the Department of Agriculture will be renewed is extremely high. As previously detailed, CVHC is a very active local and regional nonprofit affordable housing developer in the City and the Coachella Valley.

CVHC has built more than 4,000 multi and single-family residences, making it the largest developer of low-income housing in Riverside County and one of the largest residential developers of any kind in the Coachella Valley. CVHC broke ground on the Villa Hermosa phase III apartments, a new affordable housing development that will be home to 100 households in the City in Spring 2021, further supporting their long-term commitment to improve the living conditions of low-income individuals and families in the City and region by constructing and operating affordable housing infused with community services programs and other opportunities.

In addition, CVHC has been identified directly by HCD as a candidate entity that could assume responsibility for the replacement of at-risk housing units in the region. Furthermore, if the expiration of these units were to expire without renewal and they were to be replaced through the development of new affordable units, the projected cost of replacing the 88 units would be approximately $12 million, assuming a per-unit cost of approximately $135,000. The renewal of the contract between the non- profit and the Department of Agriculture is the most affordable and most likely strategy for preserving the affordability of the Desert Gardens. Through Program 18, Preservation of Existing Affordable Housing Units, of the Housing Element, the City is committed to doing what it can to ensure the ongoing preservation of those units identified as at-risk.

Further, Program 30, Replacement Requirements, will ensure that replacement requirements consistent with State law are mandated in the City for proposed housing developments on sites that currently have residential uses, or within the past 5 years have had residential uses that have been vacated or demolished that are or were subject to a recorded covenant, ordinance, or law that restricts rents to levels affordable to persons and families of low or very low income, subject to any other form of rent or price control, or occupied by low- or very low-income households.