La Quinta City Council
July 5, 2022

HAND OUTS

CITY COUNCIL

SPECIAL

MEETING
JULY 5, 2022
What can possibly change
over the next 60 days
Alena Callimanis
La Quinta Residents for Responsible Development
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT What does the EIR say about noise

FINDINGS
The August 15, 2021, Surf Ranch noise measurements show that wave machine cable roller system
improvements reduced the peak wave event noise levels
from 75.7 to 73.5 dBA Leq. This represents a
noise level reduction of approximately 2.2 dBA Leq. The updated noise level measurements suggest that
the peak noise levels outlined in the March 17, 2021, Coral Mountain Specific Plan Noise Impact Analysis
conservatively overstate the Project related wave machine by approximately 2.2 dBA Leq.

Note: L4 is the location of the start up cable roller system and will be located close to Coral Mountain and close to Lisa Castro’s house
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Points to Consider
• City Noise Ordinance says Daylight is 7AM to 10PM!!!
• Wave is Every three minutes, 365 days per year
• First study was only the wave, second included one jet ski and one announcement at beginning of wave
• Where are the crowds, screaming, warning horns, music, multiple jet skis since wave is bi-directional, all echoing off Coral Mountain
• As John Pena says we have echoing off our Santa Rosa Mountains • It was a software only test, no actual noise test done on site, there were only noise receptors
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Video
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Property Taxes to La Quinta at bond
retirement before or by 2033
• Existing residences at PGA West Greg Norman, The Palms and Plaza Serena, Andalusia, Griffin Ranch, Trilogy, Santa Rosa Trail, Lion’s Gate, Santerra and Alta Verde.
• Today’s total assessed value = $2,155,196,284
• Riverside County Property tax = 21,551,962.8
• 6.5 cents to a dollar to La Quinta = $1.4 M
• Does not consider all the new developments in the Thermal Redevelopment Area or new residences in these existing developments
• Assessment Increases
• Coral Mountain as Residences only, no golf course, with special assessments with the gorgeous location, dark skies, club house, community pool, pickle ball and tennis courts, quiet
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Development Agreement Timeline
Per the Staff Report: With the revenue generated by Transient Occupancy Tax from the hotel and short-term vacation rentals on the site, the project is fiscally positive, generating a net revenue of up to $1.9 million annually at build out. As the project is to be built in phases, the actual costs and revenues are dependent on which portions of the project are constructed in any given year.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Colorado River Basin
• You have received links to every article and you tube clip on this topic • Mr. Gamlin says if we don’t get another drop of Colorado River Water the aquifer is good for several hundred years • Mr. Gamlin, the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act of 2014 prohibits overdraft of the aquifer. You can’t take out more than you can replenish • I have given you the relevant CVWD pages regarding State Water Project allocations of 5% that CVWD ignored in their December report, and how they assumed they were still getting their maximum allocations of Colorado River Water • The development as proposed is 940,000 gallons per day or .5% of CVWD annual supply • Add in the STVRs and undercalculated evaporation due to high temperatures, wind and wave action, it is over 1 million gallons a day
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT The City Must Show the Initiative to Reduce
Water Usage
• No Golf Course is currently approved for Coral Mountain – just a developer fear tactic, which is ironic given Mr.

Gamlin’s association with Silver Rock
• Being in the current Zoning does not mean a golf course will be there if the Wave Basin is not approved
• You must work with the Golf Courses to implement Links- Style irrigation – only irrigate greens and fairways CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Non-Mitigatable Green House Gases
• From Council Member Radi’s recommended site, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Monday, May 23, 2022
• Greenhouse gas pollution caused by human activities trapped 49% more heat in the atmosphere in 2021 than they did in 1990, according to NOAA scientists.

The biggest culprit:
• Carbon dioxide, or CO2, is by far the most abundant human-emitted greenhouse gas. Roughly 36 billion metric tons of CO2 are emitted each year by transportation, electrical generation, cement manufacturing…
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Green House Gas Emissions
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT What causes Coral Mountain’s High GHG
• The wave basin’s incredible size with over 17 acres of cement since it has to go down into a basin
• The electrical requirements of the wave mechanism
• Just look at special events or just normal weekends. With 4500 people, say 4 people per card, that is 1000 cars.
• Mr. Gamlin said the project designs will save 850 car trips a year! CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Non-Mitigatable Aesthetics
• Mr. Gamlin, stop saying people always complain about a development coming into an area that has no development
• Stop comparing us to La Quinta Resort, PGA West or any other development
• None will have 17 eighty foot lights
• None will have a surfing resort, with waves running every three minutes, 365 days a year from 7AM to 10PM
• None will have 600 short term vacation rentals and a 150 key hotel in the middle of established, quiet, residential neighborhoods CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT All of the items discussed are irrefutable
• The only thing that might change is that the Feds will cut more water to CVWD
• By the way, water can be removed out of our aquifer and sent to the Metropolitan Water District for Distribution to LA and other counties
• Before approaching Palm Springs, the Whitewater River is fed imported water from the Colorado River Aqueduct, managed by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. • Today, MWD stores water from the Colorado River Aqueduct into the Indio Subbasin by Whitewater River for use as
needed for MWD
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT What do YOU as City Officials hope to gain by
waiting another 60 days
• This is still the wrong project anywhere in desert
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - ALENA CALLIMANIS PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Good afternoon Mayor Evans and Council members and others, I am Carol Strop, a CPA.

Tonight I would like to speak to the developer’s request for postponement. Where has he been the last two plus years? Innumerable letters were sent to the planning commission and City Council and they are public record. The concerns should have been his responsibility to review from the start. Why give him more time now? Of course, running a City is business and development has benefits. The builder paid his fees and Mayor Evans was correct that they had an obligation to let him present his project.

That is not a fiduciary responsibility but it was a commitment – to listen, not to agree. Now he has had his say and you have no further duty to him. The builder understands the risk of doing business. Trilogy at the Polo Fields, which has no Golf Course and no special amenities has waiting lists.

Our opposition has been constructive. Look how much more we know than two years ago. In February 2020 the Wave sounded like a nice idea to me and no doubt to you, too. But had you known before the last meeting that a loud warning horn is sounded before every wave? That a wave is every three minutes? Really? Seems too many “small details” keep coming out. And to the proponents or Council members still in favor I ask - Do any of you live near Coral Mountain? No? Well then, no problem for you.

A postponement would energize us further. Here is an example of the power of residents coming together. A well known Burbank developer, Gangi Development, proposed to shave off a hillside of a Glendale mountain to complete a controversial subdivision. Several homeowner associations enlisted the help of attorneys, the Santa Monica Conservancy, and the Sierra Club to try to overturn the City council’s affirmative vote for the project, and defeat it they did. The groups of opposition to the Wave are spreading. The developer certainly has other options. After all, he still has the property and perhaps Andalusia agreed to a compensatory price reduction amount should the rezoning fail. I would ask for that.

Why else would the builder go forward?
Mr. Gamlin, you have the opportunity to make Coral Mountain truly special. Forget the Wave, forget the golf course. Did you know that 80% of Americans cannot see the Milky Way and many see no stars at all? Here is a NASA picture of night lights in our Valley. The International Dark Sky Association has more than 190 cities, towns, parks, and preserves worldwide committed to limiting night time light. Why not a section of La Quinta? Our street lights at Trilogy are soft yellow and I can see the stars all the time. Why not use the Coral Mountain’s dark skies and gorgeous mountains as the selling point? Why not build beautiful homes with glass atriums, and trails with sky viewing areas? You do not need a postponement, you need to start over. So City Council, let’s hear your vote. Thank you.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - CAROL STROP PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Presentation script for Rick Roth’s July 5, 2022 presentation to the LQ City Council Good evening ladies and gentlemen. It’s my pleasure to present to you material prepared for your benefit by Rick Roth, a resident of La Quinta.

Rick is a retired executive, professor and scientist who has overseen many multimillion dollar projects, including both successes and failures, some costing tens of billions of dollars. He cautions that proposed projects always look shiniest before predictable but nasty issues must be faced. He worries that our city is about to fall prey to the same type of terrible outcome, primarily because project proponents have not faced prudent financial scrutiny.

Rick has analyzed the financial documents submitted by the developer and planning consultant.

He has produced a detailed spreadsheet covering forecast revenues and costs the project would generate over the first 13 years. To do this, he adopted the developers’ proposed buildout plans and then generated revenues from occupancy, rental, and retail sales taxes. The developers’ plans become totally hazy beyond 13 years, and in any case those future dollars would make a negligible impact on the conclusions.

Most importantly, Rick has included the probability of the proposed business failing. A failure and bankruptcy would shrink revenues and abrogate obligations. This would leave the City holding the bag for a half-mile long, nearly 17-acre abandoned concrete basin, becoming the greatest public nuisance in City history.

The bottom line of his analysis is this: nobody would voluntarily choose to purchase or buy into the expected results of this project: a 91% likelihood of a bankruptcy within 13 years, with only a 9% chance of survival. Approving the project is financially equivalent to buying a lottery ticket offering a 9% chance of netting $6M cumulatively over 13 years but a 10X chance of a failure costing the city $600K over the same time frame. Rational humans are loss averse and would quickly reject such a gamble.

His slides summarize the analysis, and the detailed electronic spreadsheet enables anyone to investigate further. The spreadsheet also shows a residential community developed under the existing zoning would have vastly lower risk and generate $2M in profit over the same time period.

In light of this analysis, Rick believes approval of this project would be a breach of fiduciary duty. As he says, “No one can reasonably argue that economic advantages of this project justify its unmitigated environmental harms.”
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - RICK ROTH - READ BY LOUIS ZAKIN PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT 7/6/2022
1 Proposed Wave Park is a Terrible Financial Bet for La Quinta Rick Roth
La Quinta Resident
Retired Executive & Professor
How Much Would You Pay for this Lottery Ticket?
If You Win:

Get $6,000,000
Chance of Winning: 9%
If You Lose:

Pay $600,000
Chance of Losing: 91%
1 2
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - RICK ROTH - READ BY LOUIS ZAKIN PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT 7/6/2022
2 How Much Would You Pay for this Lottery Ticket?
This Lottery Ticket is Equivalent to the Expected Results of the Proposed Wave Park (see spreadsheet for details) Expected Annual Profit (Loss) = -$286
Bottom Line:

Nobody would voluntarily choose the Wave Park
Project based on its financial prospects
Fiduciary advisory:

The project’s dismal financial prospects do not provide a credible justification for overriding unmitigated
environmental impacts
3 4
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - RICK ROTH - READ BY LOUIS ZAKIN PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT 7/6/2022
3 Business Success:

Annual Profit > $100K Business Failure:

Annual Profit < $100K
Wave Park
Continually
Operational
Hotel
TOT STVR Sales
Tax
Wave Park
Stops
Operating
Interruption &
Recovery of
Revenues
Wave Basin
Removal &
Remediation
Costs
Hotel
Build Out
Schedule
Rentals
Build Out
Schedule
Hotel
Occupancy
Rate
Rental
Occupancy
Rate
Spenders
Per Hotel
Room
Spenders
Per Rental
Unit
Spenders
Per Event
Visitor
Special
Event
Schedule
Visitors Per
Special
Event
City Services
Costs
Spending
Per
Spender
Business
Type
Annual
Failure
Rate
Wave Park
Failure
Probability
Expected
Annual Profit
(Loss)
Large
S&P500
10% NA NA
All other
businesses
13% 78% $130,805
Novel
Wave Park
20% 91% -$286
Residential
Community
2% 22% $158,614
5 6
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - RICK ROTH - READ BY LOUIS ZAKIN PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT 7/6/2022
4 7
8 CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - RICK ROTH - READ BY LOUIS ZAKIN PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Wave Park Residential
Risk level cases:

Zero risk $6,000,212 $2,067,196
Business Failure Rate (20% v 2%) -$567,913 $2,042,950 -$286 Business Failure Rate (13% v 1.3%) $514,943 $2,050,959 $130,805 Win Payout Lose Payout Win Probability Lose Probability Wave Park Lottery Ticket #1 $6,000,212 -$567,913 9% 91% -$286 esidential Community Lottery Ticket #2 $2,067,196 $2,042,950 78% 22% $158,614 Wave Park Lottery Ticket #3 $6,000,212 $514,943 22% 78% $130,805 Simplified Decision Alternative #1 #2 #3
Chance of Winning 1 out of 10 10 out of 10 1 out of 30
Amount you Win $6M $2M $6M
Chance of Losing 9 out of 10 none 29 out of 30
Amount you Pay on Losing $600K 0
Amount you Win on Losing $500K
Lottery Ticket #1
Lottery Ticket #3
Options
Expected
Annual Profit
The Wave Park almost certainly loses money for La Quinta, and Nobody would willingly choose to buy a lottery ticket that offered the same payout odds
NET PROFIT (LOSS) over 13 years (discount rate on future dollars = 5%) Residential Community Profits at 0.1% Special Assessment Levels CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - RICK ROTH - READ BY LOUIS ZAKIN PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT More Problems with the EIR
Katrina Chevalier

COVE RESIDENT
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Significant Issues with IID – Ongoing meetings with
Cities on how to deal with IID and electrical issues
•How will electricity be provided for Coral Mountain
and projects?
• That is a significant issue with Coral Mountain Surf
Resort because the wave mechanism uses significant
amount of energy, the highest of any artificial wave
mechanism
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT What does the DEIR say about IID and power
• In a will serve letter dated May 26, 2020, IID indicated that it can extend electrical facilities to serve the site. Therefore, with the project’s connection to the IID substation, it is anticipated that IID’s existing and planned electricity capacity and electricity supplies would be sufficient to support the project’s demand. IID has indicated that additional offsite improvements will be required to meet the project’s power demand. The project will be required to install twelve, 6-inch conduits along Avenue 58 to bring additional power to the site and install a transformer bank at IID’s existing substation yard located at Avenue 58 and Monroe Street.
• The offsite improvements for the conduit system will take place in the existing right of way, on both sides of Avenue 58, between Andalusia and PGA West, and on Madison Street, west of Andalusia. Avenue 58 is an improved road and classified as a secondary arterial. These improvements would occur along the existing right-of-way and will be installed underground during Phase I of the development. The purpose of the extension is to provide electricity to the project only.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT This referenced Will Serve Letter was expired at
the time of the DEIR so the DEIR contained invalid
and misleading information
• We were told by Ms. Criste that the DEIR did not need to include a Will Serve letter so it is not an issue
• But it was in the DEIR
• Reviewers were mistaken thinking that the power
requirements would be met
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT The Final EIR references the same IID Will Serve
letter which says IID was providing a commitment
for Phase One only
• The project will be required to make offsite improvements for electrical power to the site. The project will be required to install an off-site transformer bank at an existing IID substation located at 81600 Avenue 58 and extend a distribution line along Avenue 58. Conduit systems will also be installed along Avenue 58 as part of the proposed upgrades. Construction of the conduits and line extension would occur in the existing right-of-way.

The extension of IID’s infrastructure will provide electricity exclusivity to the proposed project. The project’s connection to the existing IID infrastructure will occur during the first phase of development and will be for exclusive use of the proposed project. In a letter dated May 26, 2020, IID concluded that electrical facilities can be extended to serve the project, under the conditions in the will serve letter. IID was providing a commitment for Phase One only
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT The EIR Referenced Will Serve letter is again
the expired May 26, 2020 letter
• Mr. Gamlin indicated that a new Will Serve letter was issued in the fall of 2021 and again, it did not need to be referenced in an EIR • However, in the Final EIR issued in February 2022, the same expired Will Serve letter is referenced
• The same expired letter for Phase 1 only
• Why was the new Will Serve letter not referenced?
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT The Referenced Will Serve letter is again the
expired May 26, 2020 letter
• In a public records request, the City stated it did not have a copy of the new Will Serve letter
• Mr. Gamlin in the June 7, 2022 meeting stated that IID was very impressed with what the project was doing to use and save electricity • How does that relate to a real “new” Will Serve Document? • Is it again Phase 1 only and in this MAJOR IID CRISIS? • You need to actually see a new Will Serve document and what is says about the overall project
• How can we believe in the integrity of the EIR if we know there is erroneous information in it?
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT You Cannot Certify the EIR for Coral Mountain
• The integrity of the EIR is called into question
• We have documented for you numerous discrepancies, not just for IID • How many more or this discrepancies are there?
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Evaporation
Lisa Jeffrey
Citrus Resident
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT What are the assumptions for Wave Pools
• Currently, CVWD Landscape Ordinance defines a “Water Feature” as any water applied to the landscape for non-irrigation, decorative purposes, including fountains, streams, ponds and lakes. The Wave Basin is considered a water feature under CVWD Landscape Ordinance No. 1302.4. • Water features use more water than efficiently irrigated turf grass and are assigned an evapotranspiration adjustment factor of 1.1 for a stationary body of water and 1.2 for a moving body of water for this reason. • The proposed Wave Basin is essentially a lake with moving water and is why the factor of 1.2 is used to estimate evaporation at Coral Mountain Surf Resort in La Quinta.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Hydrologist defined area to calculate
• A six foot wave that will be traveling for almost a half mile has more surface area than just the base area of the pool.
• For example, if the Wave Basin water surface is 12.5 acres, the actually square footage surface area to be calculated for evaporation is significantly higher and must account for the total 6 foot wave surface.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Other evaporation considerations
• If the wave itself does wash over areas, those areas must be considered for evaporation as well.
• Our significant wind events must be used in any calculations for evaporation as water will be absorbed into the air at a much higher rate since the air is moving and won’t become saturated. • Pan evaporation numbers that were used as part of the calculations for evaporation by CVWD have not been updated since 2005. That year the Indio area had only 99 days over 100. In 2020, for example, we had over 140 days over 100 and significantly higher temperatures.

This would cause significantly more evaporation.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT WADI adventure Surf Park located in a desert
• WADI Adventures in the United Arab Emirates is the only other Wave Pool in a desert environment. They had to pipe desalinated water from the coast for 140 miles so they knew exactly how much water was added to the pool.
• Their pool was only 2.8 Million gallons and 3 acres. From May to November they added 40,000 gallons and from December to April they added 10,000 gallons.
• PLEASE NOTE: They cooled their pool to 84 degrees for the protection of their surfers from the potential of heat stroke and from deadly protozoa. So cooler water evaporates less than the Coral Mountain Wave Basin water which will be in the 90’s in the summer CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Replenishment at WADI due to evaporation
• Summer replenishment was 1.5% a day which equates to 270,000 gallons for our Coral Mountain 18 million gallon pool, if our pool was only at 84 degrees.
• That is 38 Million gallons for only 140 days, vs. the CVWD calculated 24 Million gallons for a whole year. And this is not including the wind events and higher water temperatures.
• And is only 140 days, not a full year. It also does not include the extra surface area of the wave that is exposed to evaporation.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Evaporation in Lemoore
• For your information, the Kelly Slater Wave Pool in Lemoore, California, the equivalent pool, size and technology of the Coral Mountain Wave Basin, has said that they lose 250,000 gallons of water on hot days in 2020.
• That year they only had 40 days over 100 degrees, with the hottest day 107 degrees. La Quinta had 140 days over 100 degrees with the high temperature of 124 degrees.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT EPA formula Calculation vs. Actual Golf Usage
• We did calculations using an EPA formula that takes wind and high temperatures into effect. We only used monthly averages and that came to 740 acre feet or 260 million gallons of evaporation a year versus the 24 million calculated by CVWD
• A water bill for a local 18 hole golf course was 165 Million gallons of water consumption in a year. This is lot less than the surf pool. • The golf course was down 15% year over year in the summer, and overall down year over year. Golf courses can conserve. Surf pools cannot conserve. 15% less water means a surf pool cannot operate. They must close.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Wave Pool Evaporation will be significantly
higher than calculated by CVWD
• A Surfing Wave is not a moving lake
• CVWD did not bother to explore more accurate means of calculations to address the Wave Pool
• You cannot approve the Coral Mountain Surf Resort because all the water features plus the high number of STVRs will significantly exceed your MAWA in the middle of a historic drought project
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT How Pools Fare in the
Summer
Brian Levy
La Quinta
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT We spoke to the Manager of the Olympic –
sized pool at the Palm Springs Aquatic Center
1) How many gallons of water does it take to fill the pool? 600,000 gallons (vs 18 million gallons)
2) What is the physical size of the pool? 50 meters by 25 meters, ¾ meters by 4 meters (vs 804 meters by 122 meters by 2 meters) 3) Why do you heat the pool in the winter and to what
temperature? We have lap swimmers. We keep our pool around 78 to 82 degrees. (No plans to heat the surfing basin)
4) Why to you cool the pool in the summer and to what
temperature? If we did not cool the pool it would be around 100 degrees and that’s too hot for swimmers. (No plans to cool the surfing basin)
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT 5) What are the reasons you cool the pool? ( Viruses, bacteria and algae? ) We have lap swimmers at this pool. They cannot safely swim in high water temperatures.
(no cooling at Coral Mountain. Participants at Lemoore comment on the exertion of surfing a long wave. Let’s add the sun beating down on you…)
6) How difficult is it to keep algae from the pool during the summer? Not hard. We brush the entire pool every weekend. (how does one brush a ½ mile by 400 foot pool. Even with chlorine, in extreme heat it is very difficult to combat algae. For every 10 degrees above 84, you need to double chlorine levels. Excessive sun and heat cuts free chlorine levels. And the hydrofoil tracks will accumulate algae, another public health risk).

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT 7) Are you following a Public Health Code when you clean out the sand and debris from the pool after excessive wind events? Yes (And yes for the surf pool)
8) How long does it take to clean the pool before you can open it to the public? After a typical wind event it can take 3 man hours to clean the pool from sand and debris. Do you have to open late during the days you must clear out sand and debris? It depends on the damage left the wind.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT 9) Do you close the pool during excessive wind? Yes, if a lifeguard cannot see the bottom of the pool. Or if there is items or debris flying around making for unsafe conditions.
(In a typical Garrett Simon answer, when discussing announcements and warning horns from the Tower which is higher up, so sound carrying further since higher, he says they may not have a tower and people might communicate over head phones on the ground. How does one monitor a ½ mile basin from the ground for safe conditions?)
10) How long does it take for the entire pool water to recirculate? 4 hours to filter this pool. (for Coral Mountain the circulation systems will have to run 24 hours a day especially if the basin isn’t used during the day in the summer heat, adding to the ambient noise)
CORAL MOUNTAIN IS NOT LEMOORE!
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - LQRRD PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Good evening Mayor Evans, Mayor Pro Tem Fitzpatrick, Council Members, Staff.

My name is Steve Jeffrey. I live in the Citrus development and I am here to talk to you about noise.

Minimizing noise is such a critical component for a healthy environment. You will see that we have provided you a significant amount of reference material to go along with this presentation. There is so much new information that is coming out on noise impacts of wave pools which were never analyzed before.

My presentation and the references will make it obvious that the Coral Mountain Surf Park cannot be located at the proposed current location.

In your own documentation about Planning for the Future, it is written that the City’s current land use patterns buffer sensitive land uses from high noise levels. However, as the City and Sphere grow in the future, noise impacts will need to be carefully considered. This is particularly true of any area where Mixed Use development is considered – along Highway 111 or in the Village – where there may be less room to buffer residential uses from commercial activities. Careful consideration of each future project will be required to assure that compatibility is maintained.

The City’s ongoing efforts to preserve the quality of life for all its residents, present and future, must include the protection of a quiet noise environment. This is worth repeating:

The City’s ongoing efforts to preserve the quality of life for all its residents, present and future, must include the protection of a quiet noise environment.

I have friends who live with noise and sound reflection issues in the Point Happy area of La Quinta.

I have wonderful friends who live adjacent to Coral Mountain and I feel their pain with similar reflective noise issues. I sympathize with their need for quiet enjoyment as a Surf Park Resort will change what was tranquil living they have come to expect to cesspool of noise and more.

My friends living near Point Happy know that noise from Festivals can be clearly heard in the neighborhood, traveling far distances to hit the Mountain and bounce off to amplify the sound, similar to an amphitheater - enough to rattle vents, windows and nerves. The same thing happens at Coral Mountain as many of the so-called NIMBY’s have been accused of reporting. I can only imagine if they put the Surf Park just down from St. Francis of Assisi church on Washington, you’d have Point Happy, Laguna de La Paz and Lake La Quinta residents being NIMBY’s too.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT We uncovered ‘a new kinda noise’ that typically is not studied for land-use projects but needs to be if it is known to be present!
What is it? It is low frequency noise that is often described as a rumbling, humming or a vibrating sound that can ruin the quiet enjoyment and health of some people.

Some might say, don’t worry about it, you can’t hear it, but that is wrong. Per the EPA Victoria Australia Noise Guidelines for Low Frequency Noise - Sensitivity to sound varies greatly between individuals. The person investigating low frequency noise may not hear the sound that someone has reported. However, it is audible by others. This means low frequency sounds only just above the threshold of hearing can be perceived as loud by some people.

In humans, the World Health Organization and others have shown that low frequency noise can cause…cardiovascular issues due to increased blood pressure and heart rate, irritability and stress that can increase cortisol levels, sleep disorders and more.

In wildlife it can affect foraging, mating and cause herd relocation.

So knowing this, we researched Low Frequency Noise and discovered a big association with the words - surf and waves.

Even more eye-opening…we found a paper by Shane Chambers from Western Australia that discusses wave and surf components and how they have strong low frequency noise components.

He summed it all up by stating until noise from surf waves and surf parks is better understood, control of such noise will be difficult to evaluate and authorities should demonstrate caution when assessing such proposals placed in noise sensitive areas.

Shortly after that paper came out, the proposed Tompkins Bay Surf Park was killed by the Western Australia State Authority.

Our research continued and we discovered deficiencies and flaws in the Noise Study element of the Coral Mountain EIR.
• Low Frequency Noise associated with Surf Waves and parks that was not adequately studied in the EIR thus requiring that the EIR be recirculated as this is New Significant Information.
• Poorly designed and described Noise studies with data omissions and result reporting problems and errors that under-report NOISE
• Please see the ‘new kinda noise and reference packet prepared for the City Council. • All of that make it more compelling for the City Council not to certify the Coral Mountain EIR.

A list of ‘must-haves’ In the next round of Noise Studies is provided.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT We ask for a noise study to be done at night, at Coral Mountain, replicating the sounds of the surf park, the wave, the wave mechanism, the jet skis, the announcements, the crowds, the warning horns. As you know, daytime in the La Quinta noise ordinances goes from 7AM to 10PM. That is absurd, especially in the South East La Quinta area by Coral Mountain where the quiet nights are amazing. This test needs to go on for at least one week.

The Coral Mountain Surf Park EIR is flawed due to not only Noise Study errors/problems but more importantly due to not measuring and reporting any Low Frequency Noise and not adopting a dBC noise standard from another agency to use as a guideline which can be done per CEQA. This new significant information requires the City Council to recirculate the EIR per § 15088.5 “Recirculation of an EIR Prior to Certification.” To all affected Coral Mountain residents, beware, a Surf Park with unstudied low frequency noise may be coming to your backyard and house real soon! CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT A new kinda noise
July 5, 2022
I live near Point Happy in La Quinta and hear the Coachella-fest music bouncing off of Point Happy - and just like Coral Mountain, it’s granite with some porosity but still a rough/hard surface that reflects noise
I have friends who live near Coral Mountain and the proposed Surf Park and ‘echo’ their concerns about noise from the waves, machinery, loudspeakers and music events I am here today to share new significant information about noise from the Surf Park and resort setting

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Here’s what we found out!
Surf and Waves have low-frequency sound components
Shane Chambers Paper on Surf and Wave Parks…details the physical components of surf park waves and low-frequency noise
Western Australia State Authority KILLED the Tompkins Bay Surf Park due to its proximity to residents and more
Low frequency Noise (dBC) travels farther, penetrates walls and windows, and reflects off surfaces more than ‘ambient’ (dBA) mid-range noise often used in assessing ‘everyday’ noise • So if there is a potential for low-frequency rumbling humming noise from waves, why not measure it correctly using C-weighted filtered dBC measurements?
• Low frequency dBC noise is responsible for why we hear the bass tones miles away in Point Happy and at Coral Mountain during Coachella-fest
• Echoing or reflecting noise can be heard at Coral Mountain…you have many resident reports! Imagine a rumbling low-frequency wave noise coming into your yard or house every 4 minutes for 15 hours a day! Or being subjected to loud announcements and the rushing seadoo noise let alone 4 or more festival/music events all aimed at ruining your ‘quiet enjoyment.’ It will be like Chinese water torture! Coral Mountain residents beware! And worse, Low Frequency Noise could adversely affect the health of residents and local wildlife! Low Frequency Noise is associated with increased cardiovascular risks like increased heart rate and blood pressure, irritation/annoyance and more.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT A new kinda noise
July 5, 2022
Flawed noise study design and criteria
La Quinta uses 65dBA as the peak noise reading based on ‘traffic noise studies’ which ignores unique noises from a recreational wave park
• The EIR consultants use that as their ‘guideline’ for evaluation of any noise from a proposed project
• The dBA reading represents noise as what we typically hear…but disregards any dBC or low frequency airborne noise, thus any bass-like, rumbling, vibrational noise that is reflected off large objects, TRAVELS farther and easily penetrates walls/windows is IGNORED • By not measuring dBC low frequency noise - La Quinta’s N-1 Noise Goal of a ‘Healthful Environment’ is missed
• La Quinta made its communities ‘noisier’ by adopting the recommendation in their 2035 plan to change the Municipal-Noise-Code from 60dBA during the day to 65dBA. • Page 17/59 - https://www.laquintaca.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/ 33565/636340814687270000
• La Quinta’s newer noisier 65dBA-only standard ignores any bass-like, humming, rumbling low frequency noise that can cause health issues, especially in older citizens (see Health References) • La Quinta cannot say they have met their 2035 noise tenet and goals - Page 17/59 - https:// www.laquintaca.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/33565/636340814687270000

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CEQA allows the Lead Agency to use existing standards or applicable standards of other agencies meaning they are not bound to just using dBA!
Even Fort Lauderdale, Greensboro NC and others have Noise Ordinances with dBC measures in place https://nonoise.org/lawlib/cities/ordinances/Fort%20Lauderdale,%20Florida.pdf https://www.greensboro-nc.gov/Home/ShowDocument?id=20473 Sound level meters can be used to measure and quantify low frequency noise. • Class 1 sound level meters (as defined in the standard IEC 61672-1) will provide more accurate measurements at low frequencies as they are required to meet stricter tolerances and have a wider frequency range. The Piccolo II is not a Class 1 meter - so it cannot be used to adequately measure potential low frequency noise. https://www.merford.com/en/news/a-guide-to-low-frequency-noise The Sound Consultant says they ‘measured everything ‘low medium and high’ but the EIR shows they only reported A-weighted dBA. (Audio/video of April 12 Planning Commission Meeting) • He further stated that any low frequency noise (wasn’t measured using dBC) is now gone due to wave machine re-design, but the EIR says that the primary noise source is from moving waves (Draft EIR 4-11-45).
• So wave noise is still there! And known to have low-frequency noise components per the Chambers paper. So measure it! If you don’t you are not…
A new kinda noise
July 5, 2022

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT And…more flawed noise study design and criteria
• The EIR states that they used a Point Study - noise from a single, stationary source. Why use that when the wave machine and waves move 100’s of feet as multiple noise sources? A Line study would be more representative - but then the dBA noise would be 3dBA louder at receiver locations in the CadnaA Noise Prediction software simulation of Coral Mountain Surf Park and might exceed the 65dBA limit La Quinta has!
• The Noise Study states that Sea Waves cause ground vibration, not measured as VdB at Lemoore, and this would be daily if present…not temporary compared to construction vibration! • Poor EIR Noise report…missing Meter type and locations on a map for the Operational Noise (Lemoore surf park) study. The Existing Noise Study (24 hr Traffic Noise Study) shows locations of each meter, and all measurements are listed in Appendix K. • Only 3 out of 8 Lemoore surf park measurements were reported in the Operational Noise section and in Appendix K. Where are the other readings…was one even higher in dBA? Be transparent! The public has the right to see the sound meter data logs.
• Ground attenuation (sound lessening) described and WRONG in the Study…see last reference The Noise Study element of the Coral Mountain EIR is flawed and add to this the NEW discovery of unstudied Low Frequency Noise associated with Surf Waves and Machinery - you have a deficient EIR and it must be recirculated!

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Here’s what we ask of you!
• Implement another agency’s dBC guideline as CEQA allows or create your own • Measure the Low Frequency Noise accurately at the Wave Park in Lemoore with a Class 1 meter, include detailed design layout and data, AND measure VdB as ground vibration from Sea Waves at Lemoore.
• Replicate potential noise and measure onsite at Coral Mountain to accurately to assess wave noise, loudspeaker noise and music event noise against the mountain backdrop • Show the CadnaA software Coral Mountain site map and detail if a Large Barrier/Mountain is used in the study - Nearmap aerial imaging is available!
• Unlike measuring existing area and traffic noise for 24 hours and getting a CNEL L50 result, per the 1999 WHO Noise Guidance, when there are ‘Distinct’ Noise events, like a wave every 4 minutes, measure using SEL or Lmax and if there is a low-frequency component, like waves or music, then do a C-weighted SEL or Lmax. https://apps.who.int/iris/rest/bitstreams/62698/retrieve and https:// acousticalengineer.com/are-lpeak-and-lmax-different/
So that would apply to -
• Loudspeaker Announcements
• Music over a period of time
• Waves every 4 minutes
• Water rescue skidoo racing/revving
• Given what has been presented here with poor EIR noise study issues combined with the New Significant Negative Information related to unstudied Low Frequency Noise, do not certify the EIR per § 15088.5 “Recirculation of an EIR Prior to Certification” • Remember La Quinta’s driving noise goal -

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT City Council members, you must consider
what has been presented here as Significant
New Information per § 15088.5 “Recirculation
of an EIR Prior to Certification.” Ref 2a.b.

This is applicable as the Coral Mountain
Resort EIR has not yet been certified.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT So…take notice!
Coral Mountain residents…unstudied, unmeasured Surf Wave Park NOISE will be coming your way that could cause you adverse health issues if this EIR is certified

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT References
Shane Chambers Surf Wave Noise Paper - https://acoustics.asn.au/conference_proceedings/AAS2018/papers/p142.pdf • This observation implies that the noise would also have directional low frequency components apart from the omnidirectional broadband noise created by bubble cavitation in the spill or breaking processes. These processes result in a pink noise spectrum dominated by low frequencies with harmonic content.
• The effect of anthropogenic noise on birds is well documented where levels above 45-50 dBA have been demonstrated to have significant negative impacts resulting in a large observed reduction in numbers of affected species (Ware et al. 2015). • Until further evidence of noise generated from such parks is available, control of such noise will be difficult to evaluate, and authorities should demonstrate caution when assessing such proposals placed in noise sensitive areas Tompkins Surf Park Killed…one mentioned in Chambers Paper - https://wavepoolmag.com/urbnsurf-forced-to-find-new-location-for-perth-wave-pool/ Hard Granite = Coral Mountain - Draft EIR describes the mountain as granite. (pg 8/127 Draft EIR Appendix G) Granite has some porosity which will absorb some sound but still reflect sound, but it is clearly not ‘soft’ like the EIR consultant described it. Low frequency noise reflects off large objects better. https://www.teachmeaudio.com/recording/sound-reproduction/wave-behaviour And https://soundproofliving.com/sound-reflecting-materials/ Rough walls - Like Coral Mountain! Rough walls tend to diffuse sound, reflecting it in a variety of directions. This allows a spectator to perceive sounds from every part of the room, making it seem lively and full. For this reason, auditorium and concert hall designers prefer construction materials that are rough rather than smooth. https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/Lesson-3/Reflection,- Refraction,-and-Diffraction
65dBA La Quinta Guideline Outdoor Noise - page 27
https://files.ceqanet.opr.ca.gov/267707-4/attachment/gLYlsap7DjkliZZXT83rKfbkLxCENFIpE1BrSd0HEM_YLEHrOGz1uJTXjtEGSaODBEAbxc9A2_l3Qxc0 Low Frequency Noise Reflection/Travels Farther - page 8/19 https://www.mne.psu.edu/lamancusa/me458/10_osp.pdf
Sound Propagation Close to the ground - K. Attenborough 2002 Annual Reviews Fluid Mechanics 34:51-82 Steve Morgan - Low Frequency Noise Identification and Mitigation - see article and his references Page 8 CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT References
Noise and health issues -
Anthropogenic Noise -CA Dept Fish and Wildlife Cannabis Special Issue 108-119; 2020 Low Frequency Noise and Annoyance - Leventhall, Noise Health, April - June 2004, 6(23):59-72 Steve Morgan - Low Frequency Noise Identification and Mitigation - see article and his references Portugal Review of Low Frequency Noise - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/15/5205/htm La Quinta N-1 Goal - a healthful noise environment which complements he City's residential and resort character

267707-4/attachment/gLYlsap7DjkliZZXT83rK-fbkLxCENFIpE1BrSd0HEM_YLEHrOGz1uJTXjtEGSaODBEAbxc9A2_l3Qxc0 CEQA allows Lead Agency to adopt standards - just because you don’t have a dBC guideline, then look elsewhere to get one • Section 15064.7 – defines thresholds of significance and encourages Lead Agencies to develop and publish such thresholds; requires that thresholds of significance that are to be adopted for general use be developed through a public review process, be supported by substantial evidenced, and be formally adopted; and allows Lead Agencies to consider using thresholds of significance adopted by other public agencies or experts, provided those thresholds are supported by substantial evidence.
• La Quinta did this for construction vibration standards…used County of Riverside Page 30/253 - https://files.ceqanet.opr.ca.gov/267707-4/attachment/ gLYlsap7DjkliZZXT83rK-fbkLxCENFIpE1BrSd0HEM_YLEHrOGz1uJTXjtEGSaODBEAbxc9A2_l3Qxc0 • Fort Lauderdale and Greensboro have dBC guidelines in their Noise Ordinances • https://nonoise.org/lawlib/cities/ordinances/Fort%20Lauderdale,%20Florida.pdf • https://www.greensboro-nc.gov/Home/ShowDocument?id=20473

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Sound Consultant - April 12 meeting video -
• Stated the wave machine at Lemoore has no low frequency noise with its re-design (so the machine had it all along?) • They measured low/med/high frequencies with the meter, BUT only dBA was reported and specified in the Draft EIR Noise Study. • He further emphasizes on the video that dBA is the Land Planning standard…but that is not always the case. Wind Farms and Fracking sites are now being evaluated for low frequency noise emissions using C-weighted (dBC) measurements.

Coral Mountain Specific Plan - Appendix K.1 - Noise Study.pdf Most sound meters have the ability to low, med, high noises and give statistical data, but you have to choose A- or C-weighting before the measurement begins which provides 2-different data sets. If they used the Piccolo II for this (we don’t know - not listed in the Operational Noise Section), then they probably only pressed the A-weight button prior to measurement which is why the L50 dBA result is being presented. According to Piccolo tech support, you have to depress the C-weighting dBC button and take a reading which will give statistical, percentile and other information needed to better measure any low frequency noise.

La Quinta requires L50 and other percentlles for assessing dBA measurements in their traffic-based existing noise studies, so why not for any dBC measurements moving forward? See Page 38/253 - https://files.ceqanet.opr.ca.gov/267707-4/attachment/gLYlsap7DjkliZZXT83rKfbkLxCENFIpE1BrSd0HEM_YLEHrOGz1uJTXjtEGSaODBEAbxc9A2_l3Qxc0 Using just dBA measurements only backfired on many Wind Farms and Fracking sites so they now use dBC measurements along with dBA to assess Low Frequency Noise as they know it is PRESENT! We need the same for the Surf Wave Park as it is a huge unknown and as shown here, surf and waves have low frequency components. Additionally, surf waves cause ground vibration as stated in the Vibration Study section…needs to be measured as well in VdB.
• MN Windfarm Guidelines use dBC now - https://apps.commerce.state.mn.us/eera/web/doc/13710 • Colorado Fracking dBC used - https://cogcc.state.co.us/documents/reg/Rules/Rules_Prior_to_20210115/800Series.pdf References

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT References
CadnaA Noise Prediction Model - Urban Crossroads created a model for assessing noise in a dBA setting. The described highest noise level of 75.7dBA from the Lemoore Surf Park was put into the model to create a 112 Sound Power Level to blast to other receivers in the simulator to deliver computer generated dBA levels at receiver locations R1-10 and P1-10 to compare to the 65dBA La Quinta Noise Limit - none of which exceeded La Quinta’s limit but a few got close!

Point Study
• The Operational Noise Study for the Coral Mountain Surf Park used point/stationary noise source and hard surface for ground level attenuation (noise lessening of -6dbA) in CadnaA noise simulation software. Point study = stationary source like a ‘fixed’ compressor etc. Page 29/253 https://files.ceqanet.opr.ca.gov/267707-4/attachment/gLYlsap7DjkliZZXT83rKfbkLxCENFIpE1BrSd0HEM_YLEHrOGz1uJTXjtEGSaODBEAbxc9A2_l3Qxc0 • Why is it that they have a moving wave shuttle machine and a moving wave and not treat them as a set of moving objects consistent with a ‘LINE Study’ often used in railroad and freeway noise studies? Maybe because it lessens the ability for them to SUBTRACT more dBA like what they did with a Point study. • Line studies only allow -3dBA per doubling of distance. That would result in higher readings at the ‘receiver sites’ in the CadnaA Noise Simulator Software meaning they might exceed the 65dBA La Quinta noise standard! • Page 91/253 https://files.ceqanet.opr.ca.gov/267707-4/attachment/gLYlsap7DjkliZZXT83rKfbkLxCENFIpE1BrSd0HEM_YLEHrOGz1uJTXjtEGSaODBEAbxc9A2_l3Qxc0. • And https://www.ontarioca.gov/sites/default/files/Ontario-Files/Planning/Reports/environmental-reports/section_4.6_- _noise.pdf

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT References - Ground Attenuation/Lessening of Sound
To make it clear -
Point Source (stationary noise source) was used in the CadnaA software program for Noise Study Design created by Urban Crossroads.

Allows for -6dBA lessening of noise for every doubling of distance If a LINE study were used - which requires a completely different layout of sound meters to measure noise at Lemoore, then only -3dBA lessening of noise is allowed.

Next Step - what type of ground is the NOISE traveling over? The consultant can select Hard/Reflective Surface like pavement/water (note wave pool) which by ISO 9613-2 standards (0) for NO ADDED attenuation or lessening of noise in the CadnaA prediction model The consultant can select Soft/Porous - which is like agricultural ground, or open fields which means (1) is put into the software to get an added BONUS of -1.5 or more (see below) of noise reduction. The (1) soft porous option is what used in the Coral Mountain CadnaA prediction model DESPITE them describing the location as a ‘hard surface’ which calls for a selection of ‘0’ for no added attenuation.
• What is going on here? Bottomline, if it was meant to be a Hard Surface, the data in the Noise Study is bogus and is artificially lowered because they chose ‘1’ as ground attenuation.
• And per the information below, it could be even more ‘attenuation!’ https://www.acoustics.org.nz/sites/www.acoustics.org.nz/files/journal/pdfs/Hannah_L_NZA2007_c.pdf

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT References - Ground Attenuation/Lessening of Sound
No sound attenuation? Why is there
attenuation here - factor 1.0 in CadnaA is for
soft porous soil/agri and that gets you more
attenuation! Shady!
And in CadnaA, G= 0 is for sound reflecting
ground like a hard surface, so why did 1.0 get
put into the CadnaA?
The Noise Study states the site is a Hard
Surface for no additional ground
attenuation, but by putting in Ground = 1
for soft surface the consultants get an
additional 1.5dBA reduction to the sound
across receivers in the CadnaA noise
simulator which is deceptive and wrong
CadnaA user manual -
Appendix K.
1 2
3 4
5

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT References - Ground Attenuation/Lessening of Sound - cont’d CadnaA Ground Attenuation based on ISO
So Ground = 1 is for soft porous ground…but the Urban
Crossroads Noise Study says they used 1 for Hard
Surfaces which what they specified…see prior pages.

What does this mean? 0 = no additional attenuation as
sound bounces off of hard surfaces…but 1, like they
used, gave them an additional 1.5 dBA of sound
reduction at the sound receiver locations in the CadnaA prediction model. So, if you have a reading, say at P10 of 64.5dBA…which is below the 65dBA La Quinta
standard, then it will be 66dBA and over the limit
because you need to take away the -1.5dBA reduction
as it doesn’t match the hard surface requirement of
‘zero 0 attenuation’ that should have been put into the CadnaA Noise Prediction Model for Coral Mountain!
Add the fact they used a Point Source noise study
design and measurement scheme, they got a minus
6dBA reduction at receiver locations…but if a LINE
study was used, it would have only been a minus
3dBA…
So in the P10 case…for illustration if they designed it to be a LINE study, you need to add 3dBA to 66dBA
(above) making it much higher and way past the La
Quinta 65dBA Standard.

Makes one QUESTION the Validity of this Noise Study.

The EIR Must be Recirculated! Page 14
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT More References to support the need to Recirculate the EIR Urban Crossroads Vibration Noise Study - 2.9/12642-10.

STATES that sea waves are a source of ground vibration. Reported as RMS VdB. This was NOT measured at Lemoore Surf Park. Was not used in CadnaA…only construction vibration simulation was used. This needs to be studied. It is not a ‘short term’ construction vibration, it will last the life of the Surf Park! Page 22/253 https://files.ceqanet.opr.ca.gov/267707-4/attachment/gLYlsap7DjkliZZXT83rKfbkLxCENFIpE1BrSd0HEM_YLEHrOGz1uJTXjtEGSaODBEAbxc9A2_l3Qxc0 Poor EIR Noise Report -
Existing Noise Studies talk about type of meter used…page 33 and locations page 37 https://files.ceqanet.opr.ca.gov/267707-4/attachment/ gLYlsap7DjkliZZXT83rK-fbkLxCENFIpE1BrSd0HEM_YLEHrOGz1uJTXjtEGSaODBEAbxc9A2_l3Qxc0 Operational Noise Studies - no meter type or study design mentioned - page 88 https://files.ceqanet.opr.ca.gov/267707-4/attachment/gLYlsap7DjkliZZXT83rKfbkLxCENFIpE1BrSd0HEM_YLEHrOGz1uJTXjtEGSaODBEAbxc9A2_l3Qxc0 Dubious Operational Noise Report - only 3 out of 8 measurements from Lemoore Surf Park are listed, where are the other 5? They are NOT in Appendix K. Only 3 measurements are listed in the Noise Study - pages 88 and 90/253 - https://files.ceqanet.opr.ca.gov/267707-4/attachment/ gLYlsap7DjkliZZXT83rK-fbkLxCENFIpE1BrSd0HEM_YLEHrOGz1uJTXjtEGSaODBEAbxc9A2_l3Qxc0 • We, the residents, need to see all the data and sound meter data logs to support measurements taken…just like what was shown in the ‘existing/ traffic’ studies above.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT References by Topic
Surf and Wave Noise
1a packet of articles
Low Frequency Noise
1a, 1d (generators), 2a, 2b. 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, 2g, 3a
Adverse Events - Humans and Wildlife
1b, 1c, 1d, 2a, 2f, 2g, 3b
Regulations
3b, 4, 6a-c, MN Windfarm Reg
CEQA and more
5a, 5b, 6a-c
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Low Frequency Noise from Breaking Waves
William M. Carey & James W. Fitzgerald
Chapter
371 Accesses 17 Citations 1 Altmetric
Abstract
Recent experiments confirm the production of sound by breaking waves at lower frequencies (30 to 500 Hz). Individual breakers produce impact noise as well as a random collection of individual spectral events. Measured ocean ambient noise spectrum levels increase at less than 1 dB per octave toward a broad maximum, which has a weak wind speed dependence between 300 to 500 Hz. Noise intensities (< 500 Hz) are a function of wind speed (U) to the 2n power with 1.3 < n < 2.5 and a value of n=1.5 at 200 Hz. The production of noise in this region has a dipole characteristic. Breaking waves produce an impact, bubble plume, and bubble cloud. The dynamic evolution of these plumes and clouds provides a mechanism for sound production. Since the initial plume and cloud have appreciable void fractions, compressible resonant behavior of these structures as a whole or as multiply connected regions can be represented as compact acoustic monopoles and dipoles. The pressure release surface would result in an effective dipole characteristic. Sufficient energy exists in the initial breaking vorticity and turbulence to explain measured source levels. Since a good radiator of sound is also a scatterer of sound, these plumes and clouds will also scatter sound.

Keywords
Wind Speed Ambient Noise Wave Breaking Source Level
Bubble Size Distribution
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This Search Log in
Natural Physical Sources of Underwater Sound pp 277–304 Low Frequency Noise from Breaking Waves | SpringerLink https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-011-1626-8_22 1 of 12 7/1/22, 10:26 AM
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT !MENU SEARCH SIGN IN/REGISTER CITATION SEARCH "
The Journal of the Acoustical Society
of America
# $ % SUBMIT YOUR ARTICLE

HOME BROWSE INFO FOR AUTHORS

COLLECTIONS
& SIGN UP FOR ALERTS
' No Access • Submitted: 13 April 1999 • Accepted: 20 April 2001 • Published Online: 03 August 2001 Low-frequency sound generation by
an individual open-ocean breaking
wave
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 110, 761 (2001); https://doi.org/10.1121 /1.1379729
Steven L. Means and Richard M. Heitmeyer
View Affiliations
View Contributors
• Topics(
◦ Topics )
▪ Auditory system
▪ Electrodynamics
▪ Radiation patterns
▪ Turbulent flows
▪ Acoustic phenomena
▪ Sound generation
Home > The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America > Volume 110, Issue 2 > 10.1121/1.1379729 + PREV NEXT *
, - . / 0
1 2 PDF
Low-frequency sound generation by an individual open-ocean breaking... https://asa.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1121/1.1379729 1 of 9 7/1/22, 10:48 AM
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT

ABSTRACT
Bubble cloud resonances have been proposed as an
explanation of the low-frequency acoustic radiation
produced by breaking waves. A previous model [H.

N. Ogũz, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 9955, 1895–1912 (1994)]
considered excitation of the bubble cloud by a rigid
piston at the base of a hemispherical bubble cloud.

The present model considers excitation of the cloud
by individual point sources within the cloud. A
Green’s function is obtained for a point source
displaced from the origin of a hemispherical bubble
cloud beneath a pressure release surface. The
method of images and superposition allow one to
obtain the field generated by a distribution of point
sources within the bubble cloud. The frequencydependent radiation pattern for two distributions of point sources within the cloud is obtained.

Distributing the point sources within the forward
sector of the bubble cloud generates spectral
characteristics consistent with measured openocean breaking wave spectra.

REFERENCES

1. V. O. Knudsen, R. S. Alford, and J. W. Emling,
“Underwater ambient noise,” J. Mar. Res. 77,
410–429 (1948). GGooooggllee SScchhoollaarr, IISSII

2. G. M. Wenzand M. P. Bradley, “Acoustic ambient
noise in the ocean: Spectra and sources,” J.

Acoust. Soc. Am. 3344, 1936–1956 (1962).

GGooooggllee SScchhoollaarr, SScciittaattiioonn
2 PDF
Low-frequency sound generation by an individual open-ocean breaking... https://asa.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1121/1.1379729 2 of 9 7/1/22, 10:48 AM
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Article PDF Available
Low Frequency Noise from Breaking Waves
October 1990
DOI:10.1007/978-94-011-1626-8_22
Authors:

Abstract
This document contains an invited paper given at the
Conference on Natural Physical Sources of Underwater Sound at the University of Cambridge, July 1990. Recent experiments confirm the production of sound by breaking waves at lower frequencies (30 to 500 Hz). Individual breakers produce impact noise as well as a random collection of individual spectral events. Measured ocean ambient noise spectrum
levels increase at less than 1 dB per octave toward a broad maximum, which has a weak wind speed dependence
between 300-500 Hz. Noise intensities (< 500 Hz) are a
function of wind speed (U) to the 2n power with 1.3 < n < 2.5 and a value of n=1.5 at 200 Hz. The production of noise in this region has a dipole characteristic. Breaking waves produce an impact, bubble plume, and bubble cloud. The dynamic
evolution of these plumes and clouds provides a mechanism for sound production. Since the initial plume and cloud have appreciable void fractions, compressible resonant behavior of these structures as a whole or as multiply connected regions can be represented as compact acoustic monopoles and
dipoles. (jd)
Discover the world's
research
• 20+ million
members
• 135+ million
publications
• 700k+ research
projects
William M. Carey James W. Fitzgerald David Browning
Naval Undersea Warfare Center
Citations (43) References (169)
Join for free
Download full-text PDF Read full-text Download citation Copy link Recruit researchers Join for free Login
(PDF) Low Frequency Noise from Breaking Waves https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235144009_Low_Frequency_... 1 of 7 7/1/22, 10:34 AM
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT IEEE.org IEEE Xplore IEEE SA IEEE Spectrum More Sites SUBSCRIBE More Like This
Extraction of coastal ocean wave fields from
SAR images
IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering
Published: 2005
An Empirical Method to Derive Ocean Waves
From Second-Order Bragg Scattering:

Prospects and Limitations
IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering
Published: 2006
Show More
Cart
!
Create
Account

SUBSCRIBE
Journals & Magazines > IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engin... > Volume: 22 Issue: 3 " S.J. Bass ; A.E. Hay All Authors
Ambient noise in the natural surf zone: wave-breaking
frequencies
Publisher: IEEE Cite This ! PDF
17 Paper
Citations
160
Full
Text Views
Abstract
Authors
References
Citations
Keywords
Metrics
More Like This
Abstract:Ambient noise in the surf zone, in the frequency range 120 Hz to 5 kHz, was recorded using a broad-band hydrophone, located approximately 1 m above bottom and 1-2 m below... View more
# Metadata
Published in: IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering ( Volume: 22 , Issue: 3, Jul 1997)
Abstract:

Ambient noise in the surf zone, in the frequency range 120 Hz to 5 kHz, was recorded using a broad-band hydrophone, located approximately 1 m above bottom and 1-2 m below the mean sea surface. The predominant source of this noise is breaking waves. Analysis of simultaneous land-based video observations of the sea surface in the region of the hydrophone, along with wave height data, reveals quantitative correlation between wave-breaking events and the hydrophone signal. In energetic surf, locally breaking waves appear as discrete events in the ambient noise spectra. Distant breaking events do not appear to be detected, as distinct events above the ambient background noise, by the hydrophone. The noise events associated with local breakers are characterized by an asymmetry in the time envelope: low frequencies (less than 500 Hz) are observed leading the breaking crest, followed by a broader range of frequencies peaking in intensity with the passage of the wave crest above the hydrophone, and then decreasing abruptly at all frequencies. Low frequencies are generally not observed trailing the breaking wave. The detection by the hydrophone of breaking waves in the immediate vicinity implies that ambient noise in heavy surf provides a means of studying breaking-wave statistics in the surf zone in situ: in particular, the frequency of occurrence of local breaking.
$

ADVANCED SEARCH
All %
& Browse ' My Settings ' Help ' Institutional Sign In
Institutional Sign In
(
Sign In
Ambient noise in the natural surf zone: wave-breaking frequencies | IE... https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/611130 1 of 2 7/1/22, 10:27 AM
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT IIEEEEEE PPeerrssoonnaall AAccccoouunntt
CHANGE

USERNAME/PASSWORD
PPuurrcchhaassee DDeettaaiillss

PAYMENT OPTIONS

VIEW PURCHASED

DOCUMENTS
PPrroofifillee IInnffoorrmmaattiioonn

COMMUNICATIONS

PREFERENCES

PROFESSION AND

EDUCATION

TECHNICAL INTERESTS
NNeeeedd HHeellpp??
US & CANADA: +1 800 678
4333
WORLDWIDE: +1 732 981
0060

CONTACT & SUPPORT
FFoollllooww
! "
About IEEE Xplore | Contact Us | Help | Accessibility | Terms of Use | Nondiscrimination Policy | IEEE Ethics Reporting ) | Sitemap | Privacy & Opting Out of Cookies
A not-for-profit organization, IEEE is the world's largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity.
© Copyright 2022 IEEE - All rights reserved.

Authors *
References *
Citations *
Keywords *
Metrics *
Page(s): 411 - 424
Date of Publication: July 1997 "
# ISSN Information:

INSPEC Accession Number: 5674758
DOI: 10.1109/48.611130
Publisher: IEEE
IEEE Account
» Change Username/Password
» Update Address
Purchase Details
»Payment Options
»Order History
»View Purchased Documents
Profile Information
» Communications Preferences
»Profession and Education
»Technical Interests
Need Help?
» US & Canada: +1 800 678 4333
»Worldwide: +1 732 981 0060
» Contact & Support
A not-for-profit organization, IEEE is the world's largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity. © Copyright 2022 IEEE - All rights reserved. Use of this web site signifies your agreement to the terms and conditions.

About IEEE Xplore | Contact Us | Help | Accessibility | Terms of Use | Nondiscrimination Policy | Sitemap | Privacy & Opting Out of Cookies Ambient noise in the natural surf zone: wave-breaking frequencies | IE... https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/611130 2 of 2 7/1/22, 10:27 AM
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Noise guidelines: Assessing low frequency noise
2 Publication 1996 June 2021
Authorised and published by EPA Victoria
Level 3, 200 Victoria Street, Carlton VIC 3053
1300 372 842 (1300 EPA VIC) epa.vic.gov.au
This publication is for general guidance only. You should obtain professional advice if you have any specific concern. EPA Victoria has made every reasonable effort to ensure accuracy at the time of publication.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence.

Give feedback about this publication online: epa.vic.gov.au/publication-feedback EPA acknowledges Aboriginal people as the first peoples and Traditional custodians of the land and water on which we live, work and depend.

We pay respect to Aboriginal Elders, past and present.

As Victoria's environmental regulator, we pay respect to how Country has been protected and cared for by Aboriginal people over many tens of thousands of years.

We acknowledge the unique spiritual and cultural significance of land, water and all that is in the environment to Traditional Owners, and recognise their continuing connection to, and aspirations for Country.

For languages other than English, please call 131 450.

Visit epa.vic.gov.au/language-help for next steps.

If you need assistance because of a hearing or speech impairment, please visit relayservice.gov.au CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Noise guidelines: Assessing low frequency noise
3 Contents
Glossary ...............................................................................................................................................................................5 Term.......................................................................................................................................................................................5 Definition.............................................................................................................................................................................5 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................9 When this guideline applies......................................................................................................................................9 What is low frequency noise?...................................................................................................................................9 How low frequency noise affects people .........................................................................................................10 Characteristics of low frequency noise that can increase its effect .............................................................10 How the effect of low frequency noise varies with your location ....................................................................10 Common sources of low frequency noise.........................................................................................................11 Type....................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Noise source .....................................................................................................................................................................11 Legislative framework ................................................................................................................................................12 Understanding unreasonable noise...................................................................................................................................12 How to reduce low frequency noise levels .......................................................................................................12 Hierarchy of controls..................................................................................................................................................................12 Elimination..................................................................................................................................................................................13 Substitution................................................................................................................................................................................13 Engineering controls.............................................................................................................................................................13 Administrative controls.......................................................................................................................................................13 Proposed industry developments and extension of existing premises .........................................13 Review the proposed equipment........................................................................................................................................14 Review the proposed installation.......................................................................................................................................14 Predicting low frequency noise ...........................................................................................................................................15 Using extrapolation in low frequency noise calculations................................................................................15 Threshold levels for assessing low frequency noise..................................................................................16 Indoor low frequency threshold levels.............................................................................................................................16 Outdoor low frequency threshold criterion..................................................................................................................16 Assessing low frequency noise from existing premises ...........................................................................17 Step 1 – Preliminary evaluation...........................................................................................................................................19 Step 2 – Field assessment......................................................................................................................................................20 Step 3 – Decide where to measure the noise..............................................................................................................20 Step 4 – Measure the noise...................................................................................................................................................20 Step 5 – Spectral analysis .....................................................................................................................................................20 Step 6 – Consider factor for unreasonable noise ......................................................................................................21 Step 7 – Assess the noise source of low frequency ...................................................................................................21 CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Noise guidelines: Assessing low frequency noise
4 Step 8 – Recommendations...................................................................................................................................................22 Step 9 – Assessment report...................................................................................................................................................22 Measurement method................................................................................................................................................23 Noise indicator..............................................................................................................................................................................23 Measurement time......................................................................................................................................................................23 Measurement duration.............................................................................................................................................................23 Indoor measurement location and procedure .......................................................................................................... 24 Indoor measurement point(s)......................................................................................................................................... 24 Optional corner measurement........................................................................................................................................25 Room conditions......................................................................................................................................................................25 Indoor measurement procedure....................................................................................................................................25 Outdoor measurement location and procedure ...................................................................................................... 26 Outdoor measurement points........................................................................................................................................ 26 Outdoor measurement procedure............................................................................................................................... 26 Microphone setup........................................................................................................................................................................28 Field calibration checks...........................................................................................................................................................28 Weather conditions ....................................................................................................................................................................28 Extraneous noise ........................................................................................................................................................................ 29 Observation records................................................................................................................................................................. 29 Audio recordings......................................................................................................................................................................... 29 Measuring equipment.............................................................................................................................................................. 29 Assessing when using equipment with a limited frequency range................................................................30 Assessment report ....................................................................................................................................................... 31 Reporting requirements for noise measurements indoors and outdoors .................................................. 31 References....................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Victorian Government legislation and publications.............................................................................................. 33 Australian and international standards ....................................................................................................................... 33 Other references ......................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Further reading............................................................................................................................................................................34 CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Noise guidelines: Assessing low frequency noise
5 Glossary
This glossary defines the terms for the purpose of this guideline.

Term Definition
Commercial, industrial and
trade premises
Is defined the Regulations and includes any premises except the following:
• residential premises (other than common plant under the control of an owners’ corporation)
• a street or road, including every carriageway, footpath, reservation and traffic island on any street or road
• a railway track used by rolling stock in connection with the provision of a freight service or passenger service:
o while travelling on a railway track or tramway track; or
o while entering or exiting a siding, yard, depot or
workshop
• a railway track used by rolling stock in connection with the provision of a passenger service, while in a siding, yard, depot or workshop and is:
o powering up to commence to be used in connection
with the provision of a passenger service; or
o shutting down after being used in connection with
the provision of a passenger service
• the premises situated at Lower Esplanade, St Kilda, Luna Park, and being the whole of the land more particularly described in Certificate of Title Volume 1204 Folio 109.

Note: The maintenance, cleaning or loading of rolling stock stabled in a siding, yard, depot or workshop are included within the meaning of commercial, industrial and trade premises.

Examples
Common plant under the control of an owners’ corporation at residential premises includes:
• common air conditioning units
• car stackers and lift equipment in apartment buildings.

These must be assessed as noise from commercial, industrial and trade premises in accordance with the Noise Protocol.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Noise guidelines: Assessing low frequency noise
6 Term Definition
C-frequency weighting Frequency weighting, as specified in Australian standard AS IEC 61672.1-2019. that gives more emphasis to low frequency sounds than the A-frequency weighting.

Duty holder The owner, occupier or person in control of the commercial, industrial or trade premises.

Engineering calculation
method
Calculation algorithm relying on a combination of acoustic principles and empirical relationships. A suitable engineering calculation method must have been validated against extensive measurement. Also, the set of conditions for which it is fit for purpose must be documented in a verifiable reference, together with the uncertainty of calculation.

Excited An element of a structure vibrating, following an impact or a contact with a moving object.

Fast (F) time weighting Time weighting characteristic of a sound level meter as specified in Australian Standard AS/NZS IEC 61672.1.

Free field conditions Noise measurement conditions where the sound pressure levels recorded by the microphone are not affected by the reflection of sound on surfaces, other than the ground.

Frequency Property of sound that measures the rate of repetition of the sound wave, in Hertz (Hz) or cycles per second.

Frequency spectrum* Distribution of the energy or the magnitude of a sound across each frequency component.

LCeq,T Overall equivalent sound pressure level measured using Cfrequency weighting. As an overall level, it combines the sound energy of all frequencies.

Leq,T (also known as LZeq,T) The equivalent continuous sound pressure level. It is the value of the linear or Z-weighted sound pressure level of a continuous steady sound that has the same acoustic energy as a given timevarying linear or Z-weighted sound pressure level when determined over the same measurement time interval T.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Noise guidelines: Assessing low frequency noise
7 Term Definition
Low frequency noise Noise with low frequency components containing significant acoustic energy within a frequency range defined by one-third octave bands 10 Hz to 160 Hz.

Narrow-band spectral
analysis
A sound analysis approach based on a high resolution in the frequency domain such as Fourier analysis or 1/12th octave band analysis.

Octave band A division of the frequency range that can be used to analyst eh frequency spectrum of the measured sound. Noise is measured in octave bands using frequency filters as specified in Australian Standard AS IEC 61260.1:2019 Electroacoustics—Octave band and fractional-octave-band filters.

One-third octave band A division of the frequency range that can be used when octave bands don’t provide sufficient resolution. Each octave band comprises three one-third octave bands. Noise is measured in one-third octave bands using frequency filters as specified in Australian Standard AS IEC 61260.1:2019 Electroacoustics—Octave band and fractional-octave-band filters.

Percentile level L10,T, L50,T, L90,T Sound pressure level that is exceeded respectively 10%, 50% and 90% of the time during a measurement of duration T.

Sensitive receiver That part of the land within the boundary of a parcel of land that is outside the external walls of any:
• dwelling (including a residential care facility) or residential building
• dormitory, ward, bedroom or living room
• classroom or any other room in which learning occurs.

Or, in the case of a rural area only, that part of the land within the boundary of:
• a tourist establishment
• a campground
• a caravan park.

Spot measurements A survey measurement, typically of short duration, that’s conducted using a handheld sound level meter to get an
indication of the sound levels, as they vary within the area surveyed.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Noise guidelines: Assessing low frequency noise
8 Term Definition
Structure-borne noise Noise caused by the vibration of the elements of a structure.

The source of vibration that results in structure-borne noise is within the building where it’s perceived or within a structure with common elements that transmit vibration.

Threshold of hearing The level at which an individual can hear a sound at a given frequency.

Unreasonable noise Section 3(1) of the Act defines unreasonable noise as noise that:
• is unreasonable having regard to the following:
o its volume, intensity or duration
o its character
o the time, place and other circumstances in which it
is emitted
o how often it is emitted
o any prescribed factors*, or
• is prescribed to be unreasonable noise.

Z-frequency weighting Means the sound pressure level when no frequency weighting is applied, as specified in Australian standard AS IEC 61672.1-2019. *Frequency spectrum is a prescribed factor in Regulation 120 of the Environment Protection Regulations 2021. It applies to noise from commercial, industrial and trade premises only.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Noise guidelines: Assessing low frequency noise
9 Introduction
This guideline is for acoustic consultants and other qualified professionals who assess low frequency noise (10 to 160 Hertz (Hz)). This guideline is also for:
• duty holders at commercial, industrial and trade premises to understand and manage low frequency noise emissions
• EPA authorised officers to determine whether the emission of low frequency noise from commercial, industrial and trade premises is unreasonable under section 166 of the Environment Protection Act 2017 (the Act).

Use this guideline to:
• understand the risk of harm from the emission of low frequency noise • assess and address low frequency noise.

This guideline should also be used when you’re designing new commercial, industrial and trade premises or installing new equipment or plant at existing premises.

When this guideline applies
The assessment methods and guidance set out in this guideline only applies to noise emitted from commercial, industrial and trade premises.

This guideline does not apply to:
• music noise from entertainment venues
• noise from residential premises
• noise from wind turbines.

The New Zealand Standard NZS 6808:2010 Acoustics – Wind farm noise, or its predecessor NZS 6808:1998 Acoustics – The assessment and measurement of sound from wind turbine generators is used to assess wind turbine noise.

The assessment of low frequency noise using this guideline is separate from an assessment for compliance with the regulatory noise limits. The regulatory noise limits for commercial, industrial and trade premises are set out in the:
• Environment Protection Regulations 2021
• Noise limit and assessment protocol for the control of noise from commercial, industrial and trade premises and entertainment venues (publication 1826) What is low frequency noise?
Low frequency noise is often described as rumbling or droning noise. It can be generated by machinery such as pumps, compressors, diesel engines, fans, generators and boilers. Low frequency noise can also be produced by natural sources such as surf in coastal areas and wind.

Electrical appliances in homes and buildings, such as refrigerators, can emit low-frequency noise.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Noise guidelines: Assessing low frequency noise
10 Low frequency noise may also occur when an object or machine transmits vibration to the structure of a building, generating ‘structure-borne’ noise. This is when a building’s structural elements, such as walls or floors vibrates and radiates noise following an impact or a contact with a moving object. The noise can be heard inside other rooms to where the object or machine is housed.

In this guideline, low frequency noise is defined as noise with significant acoustic energy in onethird octave bands ranging between 10 Hz to 160 Hz.

How low frequency noise affects people
Low frequency noise can affect people in the same way as other types of noise. This can include sleep disturbance, annoyance, impaired task performance, daytime tiredness, and disturbed daily cortisol pattern due to stress. These effects can cause some people to experience nausea and headaches.

The human range of hearing is often described as being from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz (20 kHz).

However, low frequency sound at frequencies less than 20 Hz can be audible. Its audibility depends on the sound pressure level measured in decibels (dB) and the hearing sensitivity of whoever can hear it.

Sensitivity to sound varies greatly between individuals. The person investigating low frequency noise may not hear the sound that someone has reported. However, it may be audible by others.

The perceived loudness of low frequency sounds increases rapidly with increasing noise level (measured in decibels). This means low frequency sounds only just above the threshold of hearing can be perceived as loud by some people (Moorhouse, Waddington and Adams 2011).

This doesn’t mean that any audible sound is unreasonable.

Characteristics of low frequency noise that can increase its effect Characteristics that can increase the effects of low frequency noise, particularly how disturbing it is, include:
• the presence of tones (a sound with energy concentrated at one or two single frequencies, often described as a drone or hum)
• fluctuating noise level (rapid increase and decrease in noise level) • frequency modulation (small variations in the frequency of the noise) • rattles or vibration caused by low frequency noise.

Low frequency noise with tones can induce greater fatigue and can interfere with task performance more than low frequency noise without tones or with the tones masked by other noise (Leventhall, 2003).

How the effect of low frequency noise varies with your location The effect of the low frequency noise also varies with the location of where it’s heard. Low frequency noise is often experienced indoors. Inside a room, low frequency noise levels can vary due to interference caused by sound reflections on the room surfaces. Sound levels can then increase or reduce depending on where a person is positioned. This effect depends on the dimensions of the room and the frequency spectrum of the noise.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Noise guidelines: Assessing low frequency noise
11 Common sources of low frequency noise
The presence of any of these sources at a premises does not necessarily mean that a low frequency noise issue will occur.

Table 1: Sources of low frequency noise
Type Noise source
Commercial/industrial/trade • aircraft
• blasting
• boilers
• cooling towers
• cooling fans
• compressors
• diesel engines
• electrical installations
• extraction fans
• heavy machinery
• large generators
• loading and unloading activities
• metal thudding
• motors
• power stations
• pumps
• shipping and ships in the harbor
• steam releases
• shakers
• transformers
• ventilation plant
• vibratory screens
Residential • air conditioners
• electric appliances
• fish tank pumps
• heat pumps
• refrigerator
• spa bath pumps
Natural causes • sea, including surf
• seismic activity
• thunder
• wind
• wind effects on structures
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Noise guidelines: Assessing low frequency noise
12 Legislative framework
Under section 166 of the Act, a person must not emit an unreasonable noise or permit an unreasonable noise to be emitted from any place or premises that is not residential premises.

Understanding unreasonable noise
Noise is assessed as being unreasonable having regard to the characteristics of the noise and the circumstances in which it is emitted, as defined under unreasonable noise in section 3(1) of the Act.

An assessment of unreasonable noise can also include any prescribed factors. Regulation 120 of the Environment Protection Regulations 2021 (the Regulations) makes frequency spectrum a prescribed factor when assessing noise from commercial, industrial and trade premises. The frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 160 Hz must be used to assess whether the low frequency noise is unreasonable.

Other factors which may be considered in an assessment include:
• how often the noise occurs
• how long the noise continues
• its character such as the presence of tones, fluctuations, or pulsing.

If an authorised officer reasonably believes that unreasonable noise has been or is being emitted, the officer may issue an improvement or prohibition notice to the duty holder.

How to reduce low frequency noise levels
If a low frequency sound can be traced to a known source, this increases the potential to take action to reduce the noise.

Hierarchy of controls
The hierarchy of controls is a step-by-step approach to eliminate or reduce risk, including controls from the highest level of protection, elimination, to the lowest, administrative controls.

Figure 1: Hierarchy of controls
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Recirculation of EIR prior to Certification Process
Reference 6b
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Reference 6c
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Guidance for Large Wind
Energy Conversion System
Noise Study Protocol
and Report
Guidance for Developing and
e-Filing the LWECS Noise Study
Protocol and Report Submittals
to the Minnesota
Public Utilities Commission

DIVISION OF ENERGY RESOURCES
Energy Environmental Review and Analysis
CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Acknowledgments
The Department of Commerce Energy Environmental Review and Analysis staff developed this guidance in coordination with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA). We thank Frank Kohlasch and Fawkes Steinwand of the MPCA staff for their efforts.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT Table of Contents
Purpose.......................................................................................................... page 4 Monitoring Conditions................................................................................... page 4 Monitoring Locations..................................................................................... page 5 Monitoring Duration...................................................................................... page 6 Monitoring Wind Speeds............................................................................... page 6 Instruments ................................................................................................... page 6 Methology ..................................................................................................... page 7 Processing the Data ....................................................................................... page 8 Results at Varying Wind Speeds .................................................................... page 8 Results at Varying Frequencies...................................................................... page 9 Comparison to Minnesota Noise Standards.................................................. page 9 Map Location of Monitoring Points............................................................... page 9 Results of Noise Modeling............................................................................. page 9 Conclusions.................................................................................................. page 10 Noise Study Protocol ................................................................................... page 10 Noise Study Report...................................................................................... page 10 E-Filing ......................................................................................................... page 11 Appendix A: Minnesota Pollution Control Agency Comments................... page 11 Appendix B: References............................................................................... page 11 CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT LWECS Guidance for Noise Study Protocol and Report
July 2019
Guidance for Developing and e-Filing an LWECS Noise Study Protocol and Report
Purpose
The purpose of this guidance document is to help wind developers prepare and use a project-specific noise study protocol to guide post-construction noise monitoring, data analysis and reporting according to standard methodologies. Pre-construction modeling recommendations are available in the Department of Commerce's "Application Guidance for Site Permitting of Large Wind Energy Conversion Systems in Minnesota".

The purpose of the protocol and the resulting noise study report are to quantify total post-construction sound and assess Large Wind Energy Conversion System (LWECS) contribution at receptors in the project area. The monitoring, analysis, and report will provide information to:
• determine total noise levels and LWECS contribution at different frequen-cies and at various distances from the turbines at various wind directions and speeds;
• assess probable compliance with Minnesota noise standards; • confirm the validity of the noise modeling conducted prior to permit issuance or prior to construction; and
• assess the modeling as a predictor of probable compliance with Minnesota noise standards.

This document describes the general parameters for monitoring and reporting post construction noise. It also provides general guidance for developing the noise study protocol document and the report. The actual monitoring, protocol and report for a specific project will likely include more detail and shall address project-specific consider-ations.

Noise study protocols and reports are reviewed by Department of Commerce, Energy Environmental Review and analysis (EERA) staff, and staff comments and recommendations are provided to the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission (Commission).

EERA staff may recommend and the Commission may require changes to a noise study protocol. However, consultation with the EERA staff state permit manager for the project during preparation of the noise study protocol and report is recommended to minimize the need for changes after filing.

Monitoring and Reporting Guidelines
Scope
Noise standards under Minnesota Rule 7030 are total noise standards. Therefore, noise monitoring must address total post-project sound levels in the project area as well as turbine contribution to total sound. This can be accomplished in a couple of ways. First, through an “on/off” monitoring campaign that collects total sound data in the project area with all turbines operating as well as total sound data in the project area without turbines operating, and uses information from these two datasets to deduce turbine contribution. Second, this can be accomplished through a monitoring campaign that collects total sound data in the project area with all turbines operating and also collects total sound data offsite in an area that is similar 4 CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT LWECS Guidance for Noise Study Protocol and Report
July 2019
to the project area, but unaffected by turbine sound, comparing the two datasets and evaluating sound data characteristics to assess turbine contribution. Permittees should consult with the EERA staff state permit manager as they determine which approach to use and both the protocol and final report should document the rationale for the method chosen.

Specifically, the scope of the monitoring must address:

1. Total Sound: Monitor total noise levels at receptors in the project area during operation, with all project turbines operating.

AND

2. LWECS Turbine Contribution to Total Sound: Monitor total noise levels in the absence of LWECS operational noise. Use these noise monitoring results, along with the measure of total noise during tur-bine operation collected in 1 to assess turbine contribution to total sound. Choose one of the following methods:
2a. Monitoring Within the Project, Same Locations, Turbines Off. In conjunction with the monitoring in 1. and using the same methods and the same monitoring locations within the project site, monitor sound with all of this project’s turbines in place but not operating. OR
2b. Monitoring Off-Site, Same Timeframe. Concurrently with the monitoring in 1., conduct off-site monitoring to contribute additional data that supports evaluation of sound that exists in analogous environments in the absence of wind turbines. For comparability, noise monitoring methodology for off-site monitor-ing must be the same as for the monitoring in 1.

Monitoring Methodology
Monitoring Locations
• The protocol must include a clear rationale of the selection of the locations where sound will be monitored. The rationale should identify the features that each location was selected to represent and address its distance to receptors and to nearby turbines or other sources of sound.
• Monitoring should be conducted at a minimum of three representative locations within the project area that are in proximity to a receptor, such as a residence. Discuss the monitoring locations with the EERA staff state permit manager as early in the planning process as possible.
• One monitoring location must be in proximity to the worst- case receptor predicted by the model. • Do not choose monitoring locations that are in areas that reflect or absorb sound or where there are obstructions to sound.
• For off-site monitoring that is done under 2b., the rationale for the selection of off-site monitoring locations should address factors that were considered in determin-ing that the environment at the location(s) is(are) analogous to the locations within the project site.
5 CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT LWECS Guidance for Noise Study Protocol and Report
July 2019
Monitoring Timing and Duration
• The choice of season and factors that were considered in determining the timing of monitoring should be explained in the protocol. • At each location, monitoring must adequately capture sound levels for hubheight wind speeds above the identified cut-in wind speed for the turbine model. If adequate data is not captured during the initial planned duration for monitoring, the monitoring duration should be extended. • At each location, monitoring must adequately capture sound levels for microphone-height wind speeds below the identified level at which distortion may compromise the data (11 miles per hour) If adequate data is not captured during the initial planned duration for monitoring, the monitoring duration should be extended.
• Include in the protocol an explanation of the criteria that will be used to deter-mine if the monitoring timeframe will be extended; for example, if insufficient data of a certain type is not obtained.
• For monitoring described in 1. and 2b., collect sound measurements continuously over a minimum of a 7 to 14 day period. Data will be evaluated in 1 hour increments (see below).
• For monitoring described in 2a., collect sound measurements over a sufficient period of time to ensure that valid comparisons can be made between “off” and “on” measurements. This will likely require 3 or more targeted nights of monitoring to adequately characterize sound levels over the relevant range of hub height windspeeds.

Monitored Data •
• Sound pressure level, audio recordings, and meteorological data should be collected at each monitoring location.
• Sound level data must be collected to provide a quantitative indication of noise at the microphone and allow comparison to numerical standards. Sound level data should include time-synchronized one-third octave band levels at 1- second intervals to allow characterization of different sound sources as well as identification of short-term activities for potential filtering from the dataset (e.g. mowing, heavy equipment).
• Audio recordings should be automatically collected when noise levels were unusually high. Collecting audio during such times makes it possible to go back and listen to anomalous noise events and determine the potential cause(s) of elevated sound levels.
• Determine unweighted sound; A-weighted dBA as L10, L50, L90 and Leq on an hourly basis; and C-weighted L10, L50, L90 and Leq on an hourly basis. Each one hour period must begin at the start of the hour in the recorded time of day. In the protocol and final report these terms should be defined as indicated in Figure 1 to avoid confusion.
6 CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT LWECS Guidance for Noise Study Protocol and Report
July 2019
• Determine unweighted, A-weighted and C-weighted one-third octave- band analysis for at least as low as 16 (preferably lower), 20, 25, 31.5, 40, 50, 63, 80, 100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630, 800, 1K, 1.25K, 1.6 K, 2K, 2.5K, 3.15 K, 4K, 5 K, 6.3 K, and 8K HZ or higher for a representative wind speed for the location that is in proximity to the worst-case receptor predicted by the model and for the off-site location (if applicable).
• Meteorological data should be collected at sound level meter height and should include wind speed, and precipitation. This data should be used to identify periods during which weather conditions (precipitation, high winds on the microphone) distort and invalidate sound level measurements. • Hub-height meteorological data from one or more met towers within the project area must be obtained for the same time periods and time intervals as the monitoring and should include wind speed and direction. This data should be used to confirm that adequate sound level monitoring data is captured across the relevant range of hub height wind speeds.

Monitoring Equipment
• Use a sound level meter and a microphone conforming to type 0, 1, 2 or S specifications under ANSI S1.4-1983, a calibrator of known frequency and level, and an oversized microphone wind screen.
• Calibration must be done before and after the monitoring period. Sound measurements must be taken at least 3 feet above the ground. • An anemometer or similar instrumentation to determine wind speed at microphone height must be used. 7 Figure 1. Statistical calculations to quantify noise over one-hour periods CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT LWECS Guidance for Noise Study Protocol and Report
July 2019
Monitoring Analysis and Reporting
Data processing
• “Spikes” of sporadic noise, such as a motorized vehicle going by, a clap of thunder, or a dog barking, may be eliminated from the data, as long as an explanation is included in the report for the types of sound and percentage of measurements for each that were eliminated, for each location and for each monitoring event. Similarly, data collected during documented periods of precipitation may also be eliminated from the data, as long as an explanation is provided in the report and the percentage of mea-surements that were eliminated, for each location and for each monitoring event, is reported. • For each hour, for all the sound mea-surements obtained during that hour, determine the L10, L50, L90, and Leq as dBA and the L10, L50, L90 and Leq as dBC. Do not include the sound measure-ments that are being eliminated with explanation as allowed above.

Data Reporting
• Map Location of Monitoring Points. Provide a map showing an aerial photographic layer with the location of turbines, monitoring locations, residences and location of significant local noise sources such as concentrations of agricultural activity (for example, a feedlot) or human activity (for example, traffic).

The scale of the map should show the distance between monitoring points and the distance of the monitoring point to the nearest turbine. • Results at Varying Wind Speeds. Report continuous sound measurements at all wind speeds that occur during the monitoring. Present a time series of the total Leq, L90, L50 and L10 for dBA and Leq, L90, L50 and L10 for dBC sound levels for each hour (Figure 2). Chart a similar time series (combine them onto one chart with the sound levels) for corresponding hub-height and microphone height wind speed in miles per hour and precipitation in mm. If the number of parameters presented on the chart is crowded, separate charts may be done for the sound level parameters if preferred but wind speed and precipitation should always be shown along with a measure of sound level. 8 CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT LWECS Guidance for Noise Study Protocol and Report
July 2019
• Results at Varying Frequencies. Present one-third octave-band analysis (at least as low as 16 and preferably lower, 20, 25, 31.5, 40, 50, 63, 80, 100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630, 800, 1K, 1.25K, 1.6 K, 2K, 2.5K, 3.15 K, 4K, 5 K, 6.3 K, and 8K HZ or higher) for each monitoring location. Do not include the sound measurements that were excluded as part of the data processing step described above.
• Results for Turbine Contribution.

1. Use monitoring results from 2a to assess turbine on, turbine off, and turbine only sound levels for each monitoring location. Present these results in charts and tables as appropriate.

2. Use monitoring results from 2b to assess sound measurements over the range of frequencies with turbines operating to the sound measurements at the offsite monitor and present estimated turbine only L10 and L50 levels for each monitoring location. Present these results in charts and tables as appropriate. • Comparison to Minnesota Noise Standards. Compare total and turbine only sound levels to the daytime and nighttime Minnesota noise standards. Include in the report a summary of the L10 and L50 hourly determi-nations for total sound that are above the Minnesota noise standards for each monitoring location and discuss turbine to these total noise levels exceedanc-es.

Figure 2. Presentation of Results for all data for monitoring 9 CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT LWECS Guidance for Noise Study Protocol and Report
July 2019

2. For modeled sound predicted during the permitting process or prior to construction, include in the report an explanation of the methodology, the assumptions in the chosen model and a narrative description of the choices made for criteria in using the model.

3. Include a narrative conclusion regarding how well the monitored results compare to the predicted sound levels for the project and how well the modeling performed as a predictor of probable compliance with the Minnesota noise standards. If the results do not compare favorably, explain.

Protocol and Report Development Guidelines
Noise Study Protocol Document
Protocol Contents
The noise study protocol for the monitoring should address following elements, consistent with the monitoring and reporting guidelines in this document:
• the purpose of the monitoring;
• the monitoring scope;
• the monitoring locations and their rationale;
• the monitoring timing and duration;
• the monitored data
• the monitoring the equipment;
• data processing;
• data reporting;
Preparation/Efiling
After the Noise Study Protocol has been prepared according to this guidance, complete a compliance filing on the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission (Commission) and Department of Commerce E-Dockets system, by the date specified in the Commission LWECS site permit for the project, at this web address: https://www.edockets.state.mn.us/EFiling/.

Address the cover letter to the Executive Secretary of the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission for the submittal and for any subsequent revisions.

Daniel Wolf, Executive Secretary
Minnesota Public Utilities Commission 350 Metro Square Building 121 Seventh Place East Saint Paul, MN 55101
10 • Results of Noise Modeling.

1. Present a map of the modeling that was done previously for the project.

Modeling contours must be represented on the map as lines, or transparent shading, at 5 db increments. Show the contours for modeling provided with the permit application, adjusted for the final turbine layout prior to construction. Explain what the contours represent precisely.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT LWECS Guidance for Noise Study Protocol and Report
July 2019
Daniel P. Wolf, Executive Secretary
Minnesota Public Utilities Commission 350 Metro Square Building 121 Seventh Place East Saint Paul, MN 55101
References

1. American Wind Energy Association and Canadian Wind Energy Association, Wind Turbine Sound and Health Effects, An Expert Panel Review, December 2009.

2. Minnesota Department of Health, Environmental Health Division, Public Health Impacts of Wind Turbines, May 22, 2009.

3. Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, A Guide to Noise Control in Minnesota, 2008.

4. National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners, Wind Energy & Wind Park Siting and Zoning Best Practices and Guidance for States, January 2012.

5. National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners, Assessing Sound Emissions from Proposed Wind Farms and Measuring the Performance of Completed Projects, October 2011.

6. Wisconsin Public Service Commission, Measurement Protocol for Sound and Vibration Assessment of Proposed and Existing Wind Electric Generation, adopted May 26, 2010.
11 Noise Study Report Document
Report Contents
In the noise study report, describe the actual conditions, measurement locations, instrumentation, procedures, methodology, data obtained and results, including charts, and conclusions consistent with the monitoring and reporting guidelines in this document and the noise study protocol approved by the Commission. Document any changes from the approved protocol with an explanation as to the necessity, and any impact the changes may have on interpretation of results.

Prepara ion/Efiling
E-file the noise study report for the completed monitoring and a cover letter summarizing the results and conclusions. Attach the previously e-filed protocol for the monitoring to the noise study report. Indicate in the report any approvals of the protocol by the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission and how and when the approvals were obtained.

Address the cover letter to the Executive Secretary of the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission for the submittal and for any subsequent revisions.

CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING - JULY 5, 2022 - HAND-OUT - STEVE JEFFREY PUBLIC HEARING ITEM NO. 1 - CORAL MOUNTAIN RESORT PROJECT