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XIII. Appendix C – GIS Digital Data
Introduction
The OCTA GIS Section maintains a spatial inventory of transportation infrastructure which mostly consists of major arterial streets, roads, and highways. A key component of road information is pavement condition.
Maintaining an inventory of pavement condition will enhance OCTA’s GIS visualization and analysis capabilities and assist in understanding the transportation investment needs throughout the region. Therefore, a GIS dataset in digital format should be included in this report.
If the agency is unable to provide pavement data in the requested GIS format, a request for exception must be submitted by the agency. When requesting an exception, the agency must provide a letter signed by the Public Works Director with an explanation an d a timeline of when the agency will have capabilities of providing pavement data in the required GIS digital format.
Structure of GIS Data
The GIS dataset must consist of linear geographic features that represent road/street segments. All segments that are part of the report should be included in the GIS dataset. The attribute information of each segment should generally follow the format of the Complete Listing of Current Street Conditions in Appendix B above.
The GIS data requirements are discussed below. Most commercial and open -source GIS software provide industry-standard tools to manage GIS data to meet these requirements.
GIS Digital Data Format
The GIS data must be submitted in either one of the following formats:
• Esri Shapefile, or
• Esri File Geodatabase
Metadata
The GIS data are required to have associated metadata. The minimum metadata items required are:
• Title of Dataset
• Tags (A set of words that can be used by GIS to search for the resource. For example: “pavement”, “transportation”, “roads”)
• Summary (A brief purpose statement of the dataset)
• Description (A brief narrative of the dataset’s content) • Credits (A recognition of those who created or contributed to the resource) Spatial Geometry Type
The spatial geometry of the segment features must be lines that represent the roadway centerline as accurately as possible.
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Projection
The GIS data must have spatial reference information and have its coordinate system identified and embedded in or associated with the data file(s). All GIS data submitted to OCTA should be in the following projected coordinate system:
• NAD 1983 State Plane California VI FIPS 0406 (US Feet) - More information about this system can be found at: https://spatialreference.org/ref/epsg/nad83-california-zone-6-ftus/ GIS Feature Attributes
The required segment attributes are:
• Street name
• Unique segment identifier (Segment ID from original source if available) • Name of intersecting road at the beginning of a segment • Name of intersecting road at the end of the segment
• Current pavement condition index (PCI)
• Current PCI inspection date
• Length of road segment in feet
• Width of road segment in feet
• Paved area of road segment in square feet or square yards • Projected PCI at end of Seven-Year Road Maintenance and Rehabilitation Plan Additional attributes such as number of through travel lanes, direction of travel and pavement surface type may be provided. An example of a GIS attribute table for road segments is shown below (Note that there are additional attributes such as surface, functional class, and number of travel lanes).
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XIV. Appendix D – Quality Assurance/Quality Control Plan Introduction
When performing data collection in any field, the need for quality control is paramount as it is essential for accurate planning, analysis and design. This is particularly true for collecting pavement distress data for a pavement management system.
The Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) Plan establishes minimum quality standards for performance and procedures for updates of the pavement management system.
NCE’s “Quality Assurance Management Plan” (QAMP) affirms that:
“NCE is dedicated to achieving technical and management excellence and to delivering professional engineering and environmental services that meet or exceed our clients' needs. NCE's Quality Control (QC) Program is designed to achieve these goals. This QA Manageme nt Plan (QAMP) describes NCE's QA Program, which is based on four principles: client satisfaction, employee participation, problem prevention, and continuous quality improvements.” NCE's QAMP establishes minimum quality standards for performance and procedures for assuring that our clients receive quality service. It requires the participation of employees at every level. It encourages project managers and technical staff to take pri de in their work and responsibility for ensuring that the work is done correctly the first time. The program is designed to reduce the incidence of problems related to quality and results in implementation, where necessary, of corrective actions and modifi cation of work procedures to minimize the incidence of future problems.
Objectives
This document constitutes a formal QA/QC Plan for the City of Lake Forest. It was prepared on 1/1/2025 and last revised on 1/18/2025.
Specifically, it is intended for the 2024/2025 Pavement Management Plan Update. The focus is on the collection of network-level pavement distress data (defined by National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 401 Quality Management of Pavement Data Collection, as “Network -level data c ollection involves collection of large quantities of pavement condition data, which is often converted to individual condition indices or aggregated into composite condition indices.”)
This document also addresses the QA/QC plan requirements of the Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA)’s “Countywide Pavement Management Plan Guidelines” (section 2.4), adopted in May 2010.
Structure of QA/QC Plan
The following components are addressed in this QA/QC Plan:
• Condition survey procedures used
• Accuracy required for data collection
• Inspector qualifications and experience
• Safety
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Condition Survey Procedures
The governing document in performing condition surveys for the City of Lake Forest is ASTM D6433 “Standard Practice for Roads and Parking Lots Pavement Condition Index (PCI) Surveys.” Only asphalt concrete (AC) and pavements are included in this protocol. The following distresses are collected for each pavement type.
Asphalt Concrete AC Pavements
1. Alligator (fatigue) cracking
2. Bleeding
3. Block cracking
4. Bumps and sags
5. Corrugation
6. Depression
7. Edge cracking
8. Joint reflection cracking
9. Lane/Shoulder drop off
10. Longitudinal & Transverse cracking
11. Patching and utility cut patching
12. Polished aggregate
13. Potholes
14. Railroad crossing
15. Rutting
16. Shoving
17. Slippage cracking
18. Swell
19. Weathering
20. Raveling
Portland Cement Concrete (Jointed)
1. Blowup/buckling
2. Corner breaks
3. Divided slab
4. Durability (“D”) cracking
5. Faulting
6. Joint seal damage
7. Lane/shoulder drop off
8. Linear cracking
9. Patching (large) and utility cuts
10. Patching (small)
11. Polished aggregate
12. Popouts
13. Pumping
14. Punchout
15. Railroad crossing
16. Scaling, map cracking and crazing
17. Shrinkage cracks
18. Spalling (corner)
19. Spalling (joint)
Any exceptions to the above procedures are discussed before any surveys are performed. They are documented in the paragraphs below.
[Note to agency: these are usually related to distresses or situations that are not covered in the manuals.
Examples include roller check marks or edge cracking on streets with no curbs and gutters. Others include the raveling of surface seals or the use o f open-graded asphalt concrete mixes where the surface appears to have large voids present. Any modifications must be documented and included in this document. Photos are extremely helpful.]
All surveys are performed as semi-automated surveys, and the entire pavement area is inspected . Field crews are typically composed of a two-person crew traveling in a van. The crew will collect and record visual distresses using equipment installed in the van. The safety of field personnel is paramount in all instances.
The sample unit selected must be representative of the entire pavement section. This assumes that the section is homogenous; if it is not homogeneous, then the section must be split according to the criteria agreed upon by the agency. Typically, the criteria used are:
• Pavement condition
• Construction age, if known
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• Maintenance history, if known
• Traffic volumes (or functional classification as a surrogate) • Surface types (e.g. asphalt concrete or Portland cement concrete) • Geometric elements (e.g. widths)
Any modifications to the section inventory data are documented in the pavement management report.
A sample unit must be between 2,500 ± 1,000 square feet in conformance with ASTM D6433 protocols. Typical sample unit dimensions are 100 feet long by the width of the street. Streets that are wider than 40 feet wide will have shorter lengths (generally 50 feet) or if they are divided by a raised median, separate sample units will be taken in each direction.
Any pavement areas that are not representative of the section will be noted and surveyed as an additional sample unit.
Accuracy Required for Data Collection
The accuracy required for data collection has two components, both of which are further described in the following paragraphs.
• Re-inspections
• PCI comparisons with past surveys
Random and Systematic Re-Inspections
Random Re-inspections
At least 5% of all inspections are randomly re-inspected by other team members across the following categories:
• Functional classes (i.e. MPAH, locals);
• Surface types (e.g. asphalt concrete or Portland cement concrete); • Pavement conditions (e.g. good, fair, poor);
• Inspectors;
• Geographical areas, if applicable.
A different inspector will review these sites and determine the revised pavement distress measurements. If the initial inspection is determined to be inaccurate, the original inspector is given refresher training before being allowed to continue with any f urther inspections. Should the data be inaccurate for a certain day, all the data for that day will be re-inspected following refresher training to ensure accuracy.
Systematic Re-inspections
For systematic re-inspections, this could be due to noticed trends such as specific treatment types (e.g. open - graded mixes), a specific inspector or geographical area. In such cases, more than 5% will be re-inspected.
Acceptability Criteria
At the time of re-inspection, the actual distresses will be re-inspected and verified, and any corrections made, if necessary. Distress types and severities must be the same and re-measured quantities within ±10% of the original measured quantity.
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If corrections are required on more than 10% of the re-inspected sample unit, then an additional 5% will be re- inspected. This will continue until more than 95% of the re-inspected sections meet the acceptability criteria.
PCI Comparison with Past Surveys
As another level of quality control, the new PCIs are compared with the previous PCIs. If they differ by more than ±10 PCI points, these sections are automatically flagged for further investigation.
If PCI Increases 10 points
The section is investigated to see if a maintenance and rehabilitation event has occurred since the last survey, but has not been recorded. Typically, it may include activities such as:
• Crack sealing activities – changes medium or high severity cracking to low severity • Patching activities – alligator cracking that has been removed and patched, so that the resultant PCI is increased.
• Surface seals
• Overlay
• Others
Therefore, an up to date maintenance and rehabilitation history file in the pavement management database is desirable, both for historical accuracy as well as to provide additional quality control.
If PCI decreases 10 points
The section is checked to see if the average deterioration rate (usually 3 to 4 points per year) is exceeded. If the drop in PCI is within range of what is acceptable, no further action is required. If the drop is more than the acceptable range, a re -inspection will be performed. The default performance curves in the pavement management software form the basis for what is acceptable.
Inspector’s Qualifications and Experience
The NCE inspectors inspectors have attended formal training on pavement condition distress surveys. This training was conducted prior to performing any work using the ASTM D6433 protocols, consistent with OCTA’s requirements.
Inspector Name Date of ASTM D6433 Training Training Conducted By:
Joseph De Leon December 23, 2023 Mei-Hui Lee
Franc Escobedo December 23, 2023 Mei-Hui Lee
Jonathan Moore December 23, 2023 Mei-Hui Lee
Resumes of the technicians utilized on this project are included as an attachment.
Safety Procedures
The NCE administers a health and safety program in compliance with the Cal Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Title VIII, Section 3203. The program is documented in NCE's Workplace Safety Program Manual.
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Generally, the safety procedures include (Edit as applicable to agency):
• Inspectors to wear Class 2 or 3 safety vest at all times; • Flashing beacon on all vehicles utilized for surveys; and • Stopped vehicles to be parked at locations away from moving traffic (e.g. nearby parking, shoulders, etc.).
• For higher volume streets, inspectors will use the sidewalk and or medians, and move in the face of traffic when conducting survey. This will furnish them with more time and provides them with better chances in escaping a dangerous situation involving incoming vehicles.
On streets where there is a high volume of traffic or high speeds, additional measures may be necessary, such as:
• Surveys to occur during off-peak periods or on weekends; • Additional inspector to watch out for traffic; and
• Traffic flaggers in extreme cases.
In extreme cases where it is not possible to walk on the pavement surface, inspections will be performed from sidewalks or raised medians. However, this is extremely rare for city or county roads/streets; this is most often encountered on state highways, and lane closures are the most likely option in that circumstance.
All NCE inspectors are required to take online safety programs annually as administered by “Click Safety.” These classes include:
• Workzone Traffic Safety Tips for Construction.
• Cal Heat Illness Prevention for all Industry Workers. • Cal Person Protective Equipment for Construction.
Attachment – Appendix A1: Resumes of Field Inspectors
---End of QA/QC Plan---
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XV. Appendix E – Pavement Management Data Files
The Pavement Management data files shall be submitted to OCTA in spreadsheet format. This must include the following information:
• Street name and limits for all public streets
• Street identifiers (Branch ID, Section ID)
• Direction (if applicable)
• Beginning and ending of each section
• Length, widths, and true areas
• Functional Classification (MPAH, Local)
• Number of travel lanes
• PCI and date of inspection
• Type of recommended treatment
• Cost of recommended treatment
• Year of Treatment
The Pavement Management data files are submitted here as an electronic copy sent via email as an attachment, via a link to an online storage device site, such as DropBox and/or OneDrive, or USB drive , and/or included as Appendix E.
XVI. Appendix F – GIS Maps – Current Conditions (Optional) If included, attach and label Appendix F.
APPROVEDREVISEDDATEDRAWNJOB NUMBERSOURCE
FIGURE
VJhaTPunnackalARocher788.05.30Light Gray Canvas Basemap 1Inspected PCI Condition
2025 Pavement Management Program Update
0 2,000 4,000
ft.
1 in. = 4,583 ft.
¯
PCI Range
86 - 100 (Very Good)
75 - 85 (Good)
60 - 74 (Fair)
41 - 59 (Poor)
0 - 40 (Very Poor)
BakeParkway
Portola Parkway
IrvineBoulevard
CA 241 Toll
CA 133 Toll
Portola Springs
Stonegate East
Altair
Great Park
Bake Parkway
Paseode Valencia
MuirlandsBoulevard
Ridge Route Drive
LakeForest Drive
Alton Parkway
I 5
I 5
I 5 Truck
Aliso Creek
Open
Space
Serrano
Creek Park Lake Forest
Laguna Woods
BakeParkway
Los Alisos Boulevard
MelindaRoad
Glenn Ranch Road
Portola Parkway
PortolaParkway
LakeForestDrive
El Toro Road
ElToro Road
Santiago CanyonRoad
AltonParkway
CA 241 Toll
CA 241 Toll
CA 241 Toll
Pinecrest
Foothill Ranch
Portola Hills
LosAlisosBoulevard
Olym
piadRoad
Jeronimo Road
Melinda Road
LaPazRoad
M
argueriteParkway
Santa MargaritaParkway
El Toro Road
LaPaz Road
Trabuco
Road
AntonioParkway
Lake Mission Viejo
Oso Viejo
Community
Park
TrabucoCreek
Rancho Santa Margarita
Mission Viejo
3/12/2025