Attachment B - Page 1
Sample TDM Strategies for VMT
Mitigation
Strategy Description VMT Impact
CAPCOA
VMT
Reduction
Land Use & Location
Increase Density
Designing a Project with
increased densities, where
allowed by the General Plan
and/or Zoning Ordinance
reduces GHG emissions
associated with traffic in
several ways.
Minimizes number
and length of
vehicle trips and
provides greater
options for use of
alternative modes.
0.8% - 30%
Increase Diversity of
Urban and Suburban
Developments
(Mixed Use)
Includes mixed uses within
Projects or in consideration of
surrounding area.
Minimizes number
and length of
vehicle trips.
9% - 30%
Increase Destination
Accessibility
Destination accessibility is
measured in terms of the
number of jobs or other
attractions reachable within a
given travel time, which tends
to be highest at central
locations and lowest at
peripheral ones.
Minimizes number
and length of
vehicle trips.
6.7% - 20%
Increase Transit
Accessibility
Locating a project with high
density near transit will
facilitate the use of transit by
people traveling to or from the
Project site. The use of transit
results in a mode shift and
therefore reduced VMT.
Encourages transit
use to replace
vehicle trips.
0.5% -
24.6%
Attachment B - Page 2
Strategy Description VMT Impact
CAPCOA
VMT
Reduction
Neighborhood/Site Enhancement
Provide Pedestrian
Network
Improvements
Providing a pedestrian access
network to link areas of the
Project site encourages
people to walk instead of
drive. This mode shift results
in people driving less and thus
a reduction in VMT.
Encourages people
to walk within and
to a Project
0% - 2%
Implement a
Neighborhood
Electric Vehicle
(NEV) Network
NEVs offer an alternative to
traditional vehicle trips and
can legally be used on
roadways with speed limits of
35 MPH or less. They are ideal
for short trips up to 30 miles in
length.
Minimizes length of
vehicle trips;
electrification
reduces GHG
emissions.
0.5% -
12.7%
Provide Traffic
Calming Measures
Providing traffic calming
measures encourages people
to walk or bike instead of
using a vehicle. This mode
shift will result in a decrease in
VMT. Project design will
include pedestrian/bicycle
safety and traffic calming
measures in excess of
jurisdiction requirements.
Encourages people
to walk or bicycle,
especially for
shorter trips.
0.25% - 1%
Attachment B - Page 3
Strategy Description VMT Impact
CAPCOA
VMT
Reduction
Commute Trip Reduction
Implement Car-
Sharing Program
Projects can implement a car-
sharing program to allow
people to have on-demand
access to a shared fleet of
vehicles on an as-needed
basis. Car-sharing programs
may be grouped into three
general categories:
residential- or citywide-
based, employer-based, and
transit station-based.
Reduces need to
own a vehicle or the
number of
household vehicles.
0.4% - 0.7%
Encourage
telecommuting and
Alternative Work
Schedules
Encouraging telecommuting
and alternative work schedules
reduces the number of
commute trips and therefore
VMT traveled by employees.
Alternative work schedules
could take the form of
staggered start times, flexible
schedules, or compressed
work weeks.
Reduces the
number of days
employees need to
work and/or shifts
commute time
outside of peak
periods to avoid
adding congestion.
0.07% -
5.5%
Commute Trip
Reduction Programs
Projects can implement a
voluntary Commute Trip
Reduction program with
employers to discourage
single-occupancy vehicle trips
and encourage alternative
modes of transportation.
Alternatively, a jurisdiction can
implement a Commute Trip
Reduction Ordinance with the
intent of reducing drive-alone
travel mode share.
Encourages
alternatives to
commuting in
single-occupancy
vehicles.
1% - 6.2%
Attachment B - Page 4
Strategy Description VMT Impact
CAPCOA
VMT
Reduction
Parking Policy/Pricing
Limit Parking Supply
Projects can change parking
requirements and types of
supply within the Project site
to encourage "smart growth"
development and alternative
transportation choices by
project residents and
employees.
Encourages
alternatives to the
use of single-
occupancy
vehicles.
5% - 12.5%
Unbundle Parking
Costs from Property
Cost
Unbundling separates parking
from property costs, requiring
those who wish to purchase
parking spaces to do so at an
additional cost from the
property cost.
Encourages
alternatives to the
use of single-
occupancy
vehicles.
2.6% - 13%
Implement Market-
Price Public Parking
Price all central business
district/employment
center/retail center on-street
parking to encourage "park
once" behavior. This deters
parking spillover from project-
supplied parking to other
public parking nearby to avoid
undermining the VMT benefits
of pricing project-supplied
parking.
Encourages people
to park once and
walk between
destinations instead
of driving.
2.8% - 5.5%