Cities Index.
Agenda packet

Live Oak City Council
February 19, 2025

Document
Agenda packet
Meeting
February 19, 2025
Body
Live Oak City Council
Pages
4
Original file
14.1 MB
Text extracted from the city's file for reading and search. Open the original on d3n9y02raazwpg.cloudfront.net. That file is the official record.

LIVE OAK CITY COUNCIL AGENDA – FEBRUARY 19, 2025

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The Council may take up any agenda item at any time, regardless of the order listed. Action may be taken on any item on this agenda. Materials related to an item on this Agenda submitted to the Council after distribution of the agenda packet are available for public inspection at City Hall, 9955 Live Oak Boulevard, Live Oak, during normal business hours.

Such documents are also available on the City of Live Oak’s website at www.liveoakcity.org, subject to staff’s availability to post the documents before the meeting.

In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, the meeting room is wheelchair accessible and disabled parking is available. If you have a disability and need disability-related modifications or accommodations to participate in this meeting, please contact the City Clerk’s office at (530) 695-2112 x107. Requests must be made at least 24 hours in advance.
• Remote Viewing:
o Members of the public can view a livestream of the meeting online at https://liveoakca.granicus.com/ViewPublisher.php?view_id=1. o Members of the public can access the Zoom webinar as follows:
▪ Join by Electronic Device:
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/89846268753
▪ Join by Phone:
1-669-900-6833 or 1-833-548-0282 (Toll Free)
Webinar ID: 898 4626 8753
• Public Comment: Members of the public can submit general public comments, as well as comment on specific agenda items in the following ways:
o Public Attendance: Members of the public who attend in person may make comments from the Council Chamber podium.

LIVE OAK

CITY COUNCIL

REGULAR MEETING AGENDA
FEBRUARY 19, 2025
6:00 PM

MEETING LOCATION

LIVE OAK COUNCIL CHAMBERS
9955 LIVE OAK BOULEVARD
LIVE OAK, CALIFORNIA 95953

MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL

JERAMY CHAPDELAINE, MAYOR

AARON PAMMA, VICE MAYOR

ASHLEY HERNANDEZ, COUNCILMEMBER

NANCY SANTANA, COUNCILMEMBER

BOB WOTEN, COUNCILMEMBER

RICK CRABTREE,

INTERIM CITY MANAGER

NICOLE ROSSER,

CITY ATTORNEY
1 LIVE OAK CITY COUNCIL AGENDA – FEBRUARY 19, 2025

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o Live Remote Public Comment: Members of the public can submit a live remote public comment by:
▪ Joining the virtual Council meeting via the link below. When public comment is opened, raise your virtual hand and be called upon to speak for up to 3 minutes. https://us02web.zoom.us/j/89846268753
▪ Joining the virtual Council meeting by calling the phone number below. When public comment is opened, dial *9 to raise your hand and be called upon to speak for up to 3 minutes. 1-669-900-6833 or 1-833-548-0282 (Toll Free)
Webinar ID: 898 4626 8753
o Email Public Comment: Comments from the public on agenda items will be accepted until 1:00 pm on the date of the meeting, via email to the City Clerk at [email protected]. Comments will be distributed to Council prior to the meeting and attached to the minutes. Please note that emailed comments will NOT be read aloud by staff during the meeting. o eComment Feature: Comments from the public on agenda items will be accepted until 1:00 pm on the date of the meeting, via the eComment feature at
https://liveoakca.granicus.com/ViewPublisher.php?view_id=1. Comments will be distributed to Council prior to the meeting and attached to the minutes. Please note that eComments will NOT be read aloud by staff during the meeting.
2 LIVE OAK CITY COUNCIL AGENDA – FEBRUARY 19, 2025

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CALL TO ORDER

ROLL CALL

PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE AND INVOCATION

CORRECTIONS AND/OR CHANGES TO THE AGENDA BY CITY MANAGER ONLY

PRESENTATIONS AND RECOGNITIONS
A. SACOG Presentation on the 2025 Blueprint Project

PUBLIC COMMENT
Any person wishing to address the City Council on general jurisdictional matters or consent calendar items may do so at this time. If you are commenting on an agenda item, your comments will be heard at the time that item is scheduled for discussion. The City Council adopted a time limit of three minutes per person. The Brown Act does not allow for Council discussion of items not on the agenda. Councilmembers may only a) refer the matter to staff; b) ask for additional information; c) request a report back; or d) provide a limited factual response for items not listed on the agenda.

CONSENT ITEMS
Consent Calendar is passed by one motion with exceptions and separate votes as noted.

1. City Council Meeting Minutes
Recommendation: Approve the February 5, 2025, City Council Regular Meeting minutes. (Clarissa Menchaca, City Clerk)

2. City Council Meeting Minutes
Recommendation: Approve the February 8, 2025, City Council Special Meeting minutes. (Clarissa Menchaca, City Clerk)

3. Reappointment to the Regional Housing Authority Board of Commissioners Recommendation: Confirm the Mayor’s reappointment of Jeramy Chapdelaine to the Regional Housing Authority Board of Commissioners as the Community Member, with a term ending January 31, 2029. (Rick Crabtree, Interim City Manager)

DISCUSSION ITEMS

4. Well 2 PFAS Update
Recommendation: Information only.
(Jeff Nelson, Interim Public Works Director)

BUSINESS ITEMS

5. Assignment of PIO Responsibilities/Tasks
Recommendation: Discussion and possible direction.
(Rick Crabtree, Interim City Manager)

ITEMS REMOVED FROM THE CONSENT AGENDA FOR COUNCIL CONSIDERATION AND ACTION

UPDATES AND ANNOUNCEMENTS FROM THE CITY ATTORNEY AND CITY MANAGER 3 LIVE OAK CITY COUNCIL AGENDA – FEBRUARY 19, 2025

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COUNCILMEMBER REPORTS / COMMENTS / REQUESTS

ADJOURNMENT
4 City of Live Oak
Report to City Council
Meeting Date: February 19, 2025
Title: SACOG Presentation on the 2025 Blueprint Project 5 Background: Background on SACOG:

The Sacramento Area Council of Governments is where local government leaders across the region come together to advance the goals of economic prosperity, connected communities, and vibrant places. SACOG works with the six counties and 22 cities in the region to solve challenges that are too big for any one jurisdiction to solve on its own. SACOG plays a central role in transportation infrastructure planning and funding assistance for cities, counties, transit operators, and other entities responsible for providing for the mobility needs of the region's residents. One of SACOG's main roles as the state and federally recognized Metropolitan Planning Organization for the region, is to maintain the region's long-range, fiscally constrained, transportation plan and accompanying land use strategy. This plan must be updated every four years in coordination with local government agencies and demonstrate how the region is working to advance local, regional, state, and federal policy priorities. SACOG is currently undergoing an update of this plan, titled Blueprint, and anticipates adoption of the plan in 2025.

Background on Blueprint:

The 2025 Blueprint will outline recommendations for public land use policy and transportation investment strategies for the Sacramento region for the next 30 years. This plan will lay out a set of strategies for an integrated, multimodal transportation system and a regional land use development pattern that can create a more thriving region that works for all residents. The plan aims to connect housing to jobs, education, goods and services, and recreational opportunities while protecting and enhancing our region's natural and working landscapes.

Aside from this plan being a federal and state requirement, SACOG will use the 2025 Blueprint update to help local agencies coordinate and prioritize efforts to attract greater investment in the region through grants, private investment, and economic growth while protecting our region's natural environment, existing economies, and improving quality of life for all residents.

At the Live Oak City Council meeting, Clint Holtzen, from SACOG, will provide a short presentation and answer any council questions on the 2025 Blueprint. The presentation will outline the findings from the outreach process and the land use analysis. It will also provide an overview of the opportunities SACOG is offering for public and stakeholder involvement in the Environmental Impact Report and Draft Plan. Additionally, the presentation will provide a summary of the various programs SACOG has available or is developing to assist public agencies in implementing the region's vision for the future.

Attachments:

PowerPoint Presentation
6 7
8 Triple Bottom Line Framework
Equity Economy Environment
9 What We’ve Heard
Themes From Outreach & Engagement
10 Outreach & Engagement
11 12
“We need housing options to
accommodate every stage of life”
2023 SACOG Focus Groups
13 “I could ride my bike places but
it’s too dangerous”
2023 SACOG Focus Groups
14 Provide Housing Options for all Incomes
and Life Stages
2023 SACOG led Survey
1,358
876
706
632
461 418 402 392 340
207
Affordable
housing
Crime and
public safety
Lack of
transportation
choices
Traffic
congestion
Schools and
education
Climate change Other Jobs and
growing
businesses
Floods,
drought, and/or
wildfires
Clean air
What are the biggest challenges your community is facing? 15 What We’ve Learned
Technical Analysis
16 Average Annual Population Growth

0.84%

0.78%

0.65%

0.53%

0.42%

0.27%

0.33%

0.28%

0.22%

0.13%

0.41%

0.33%

0.25%

0.18%

0.12%
2025-2030 2030-2035 2035-2040 2040-2045 2045-2050
SACOG
CA
US
17 Growth Forecast
Region Live Oak
2020
Change,
‘20-’50 2020
Change,
‘20-’50
Popula? on 2,500,000 +600,000 9,159 +2,000
Jobs    1,170,000 +260,000 1,400 +550
Housing
Units 945,000 +278,000 3,120 +900
18 Growth Footprint
19 Where We’re Going
Transportation and Regional Programs
20 Blueprint in Live Oak
21 Transportation
22 Addressing Transportation Challenges
 Prioritize maintenance and repair
 Prioritize safety projects
 Technology solutions to maximize existing capacity
 Prioritize lower cost and quicker projects
23 24
Funding round
25 Time for Teamwork
26 Time for Teamwork
27 28
City of Live Oak
Report to City Council
Meeting Date: February 19, 2025
Title: City Council Meeting Minutes
Contact Information: Clarissa Menchaca, City Clerk
Recommendation: Approve the February 5, 2025, City Council Regular Meeting minutes.

Attachments:

Minutes
29 LIVE OAK CITY COUNCIL MINUTES – FEBRUARY 5, 2025

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CALL TO ORDER
Meeting called to order by Mayor Chapdelaine at Live Oak City Council Chambers, 9955 Live Oak Boulevard, Live Oak, CA at 6:03 pm.

ROLL CALL

Present: Councilmembers Woten, Santana, Vice Mayor Pamma, and Mayor Chapdelaine

Absent: Councilmember Hernandez

PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE AND INVOCATION
Vice Mayor Pamma led the Pledge of Allegiance. Mayor Chapdelaine delivered the invocation.

CORRECTIONS AND/OR CHANGES TO THE AGENDA BY CITY MANAGER ONLY There were no corrections and/or changes.

PRESENTATIONS AND RECOGNITIONS
There were no presentations and/or recognitions.

PUBLIC COMMENT
The following member of the public submitted a written public comment: Dale Carlson.

CONSENT ITEMS
Consent Calendar is passed by one motion with exceptions and separate votes as noted.

MOTION: APPROVE THE CONSENT AGENDA.
(MOTION: WOTEN; SECOND: SANTANA)
VOTE: MOTION PASSED 4-0-1
AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS WOTEN, SANTANA, VICE MAYOR PAMMA, AND MAYOR CHAPDELAINE NOES: NONE
ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBER HERNANDEZ

LIVE OAK

CITY COUNCIL

MINUTES
FEBRUARY 5, 2025
6:00 PM

MEETING LOCATION

LIVE OAK COUNCIL CHAMBERS
9955 LIVE OAK BOULEVARD
LIVE OAK, CALIFORNIA 95953

MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL

JERAMY CHAPDELAINE, MAYOR

AARON PAMMA, VICE MAYOR

ASHLEY HERNANDEZ, COUNCILMEMBER

NANCY SANTANA, COUNCILMEMBER

BOB WOTEN, COUNCILMEMBER

RICK CRABTREE,

INTERIM CITY MANAGER

NICOLE ROSSER,

CITY ATTORNEY
30 LIVE OAK CITY COUNCIL MINUTES – FEBRUARY 5, 2025

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1. City Council Meeting Minutes
Clarissa Menchaca, City Clerk
Council action: January 15, 2025, City Council Regular Meeting minutes approved.

2. Appointments to the Feather River Air Quality Management District Rick Crabtree, Interim City Manager
Council action: Approved the following appointments to the Feather River Air Quality Management District as required by Health and Safety Code Section 40152(b): City of Marysville Councilman Stuart Gilchrist as Director, City of Marysville Councilman Bruce Buttacovoli as Alternate Director, City of Yuba City Councilman Mike Pasquale as Director, City of Yuba City Councilman Wade Kirchner as Alternate Director, City of Wheatland Councilman Brian Abe as Director, and City of Wheatland Councilman John Abe as Alternate Director.

3. Adoption of an Ordinance Adding in its Entirety Chapter 13.38 Authorizing the Implementation of an Electric Power Community Choice Aggregation Program in the City of Live Oak Rick Crabtree, Interim City Manager
Council action: 1) Waived the second reading of the ordinance; 2) Ordinance No. 587 adopted; and 3) Resolution No. 01-2025 adopted.

BUSINESS ITEMS

4. Annual Audited Financial Statements – Year Ended June 30, 2024 James Ramsey, Finance Director
James Ramsey, Finance Director, and Brianna Schultz, CPA with RAMS, provided a report for the Council.

Public Comment was opened and closed without any speakers.

MOTION: ACCEPT AND FILE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
(MOTION: SANTANA; SECOND: WOTEN)
VOTE: MOTION PASSED 4-0-1
AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS WOTEN, SANTANA, VICE MAYOR PAMMA, AND MAYOR CHAPDELAINE NOES: NONE
ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBER HERNANDEZ
31 LIVE OAK CITY COUNCIL MINUTES – FEBRUARY 5, 2025

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5. City Council Consideration of Appointments to City of Live Oak Planning Commission Laura Stewart, Associate Planner
Mayor Chapdelaine introduced the item.

Public Comment was opened and closed without any speakers.

MOTION: REAPPOINT MICHELLE SERPA TO A FOUR-YEAR TERM ENDING JANUARY 31, 2029, AND APPOINT HARRY SIDHU TO A TWO-YEAR TERM ENDING JANUARY 31, 2027. (MOTION: WOTEN; SECOND: CHAPDELAINE)
VOTE: MOTION FAILED 2-1-1-1
AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS WOTEN AND MAYOR CHAPDELAINE
NOES: VICE MAYOR PAMMA
ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBER SANTANA
ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBER HERNANDEZ
MOTION: REAPPOINT MICHELLE SERPA TO A FOUR-YEAR TERM ENDING JANUARY 31, 2029. (MOTION: PAMMA; SECOND: CHAPDELAINE)
VOTE: MOTION PASSED 3-0-1-1
AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS WOTEN, VICE MAYOR PAMMA, AND MAYOR CHAPDELAINE NOES: NONE
ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBER SANTANA
ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBER HERNANDEZ

ITEMS REMOVED FROM THE CONSENT AGENDA FOR COUNCIL CONSIDERATION AND ACTION There were no items removed from the Consent Agenda for Council consideration and action.

UPDATES AND ANNOUNCEMENTS FROM THE CITY ATTORNEY AND CITY MANAGER Rick Crabtree, Interim City Manager, highlighted the Strategic Planning Session scheduled for Saturday, February 8, 2025, at 10:00 am at City Hall.

COUNCILMEMBER COMMENTS
Councilmember Santana congratulated Councilmember Hernandez on the birth of her baby girl. Councilmember Santana highlighted the new mural at the Fire Station and the upcoming spaghetti dinner hosted by the Fire Department. Additionally, Councilmember Santana touched on incorporating banners on the streetlights along the highway. Councilmember Santana inquired about who is responsible for paying the electricity bill at the Depot.

Vice Mayor Pamma touched on the upcoming Strategic Planning Session. Vice Mayor Pamma requested staff put together an orientation for Planning Commission members.

Mayor Chapdelaine touched on his previous attendance at a new Planning Commissioner workshop through the Regional Planning Association and suggested potentially bringing in the association to hold a workshop for the Live Oak Planning Commissioners. Mayor Chapdelaine discussed the upcoming Strategic Planning Session. 32 LIVE OAK CITY COUNCIL MINUTES – FEBRUARY 5, 2025

Page 4 ends

Lastly, Mayor Chapdelaine highlighted his attendance at the Sacramento Area Council of Governments meeting and Sutter Butte Flood Control Agency meeting.

ADJOURNMENT
Mayor Chapdelaine adjourned the meeting at 7:14 pm.

Jeramy Chapdelaine, Mayor
ATTEST:

Clarissa Menchaca, City Clerk
33 City of Live Oak
Report to City Council
Meeting Date: February 19, 2025
Title: City Council Meeting Minutes
Contact Information: Clarissa Menchaca, City Clerk
Recommendation: Approve the February 8, 2025, City Council Special Meeting minutes.

Attachments:

Minutes
34 LIVE OAK CITY COUNCIL MINUTES – FEBRUARY 8, 2025

Page 1 ends

CALL TO ORDER
Meeting called to order by Mayor Chapdelaine at Live Oak City Council Chambers, 9955 Live Oak Boulevard, Live Oak, CA at 10:06 am.

ROLL CALL

Present: Councilmembers Woten, Santana, Vice Mayor Pamma, and Mayor Chapdelaine Appeared via teleconference: Councilmember Hernandez

PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE AND INVOCATION
Vice Mayor Pamma led the Pledge of Allegiance. Councilmember Woten delivered the invocation.

MOTION: APPROVE MAYOR HERNANDEZ’S REMOTE APPEARANCE.
(MOTION: WOTEN; SECOND: SANTANA)
VOTE: MOTION PASSED UNANIMOUSLY

DISCUSSION ITEMS

1. Strategic Planning Session
Rick Crabtree, Interim City Manager
Rick Crabtree, Interim City Manager, provided an introduction for the Council.

The following members of the public addressed the Council: Cruz Mora, Mike Tuman, CJ Stone with California American Water, Supervisor Jeff Boone, Amanda Angulo, Jose, Superintendent Matt Gulbrandsen, Supervisor Dan Flores, Director Dominic Belza, Alan Deala, and J.R. Thiara. *Clerk’s Note: Council recessed at 11:59 pm and reconvened at 12:18 pm.

Council action: Conducted the Strategic Planning meeting with discussion on topics as presented during the meeting.

LIVE OAK

CITY COUNCIL

SPECIAL MEETING MINUTES
FEBRUARY 8, 2025
10:00 AM

MEETING LOCATION

LIVE OAK COUNCIL CHAMBERS
9955 LIVE OAK BOULEVARD
LIVE OAK, CALIFORNIA 95953

MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL

JERAMY CHAPDELAINE, MAYOR

AARON PAMMA, VICE MAYOR

ASHLEY HERNANDEZ, COUNCILMEMBER

NANCY SANTANA, COUNCILMEMBER

BOB WOTEN, COUNCILMEMBER

RICK CRABTREE,

INTERIM CITY MANAGER

NICOLE ROSSER,

CITY ATTORNEY
35 LIVE OAK CITY COUNCIL MINUTES – FEBRUARY 8, 2025

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ADJOURNMENT
Mayor Chapdelaine adjourned the meeting at 2:18 pm.

Jeramy Chapdelaine, Mayor
ATTEST:

Clarissa Menchaca, City Clerk
36 City of Live Oak
Report to City Council
Meeting Date: February 19, 2025
Title: Reappointment to the Regional Housing Authority Board of Commissioners Contact Information: Rick Crabtree, Interim City Manager Background: The Regional Housing Authority Board of Commissioners establish policies under which the organization conducts its business, seeing that the policies are being followed by the employees and insuring that the enterprise is successful. The City of Live Oak is allocated one councilmember appointee, as well as one community member appointee.

The community member commissioner serves a four-year term. The term of our commissioner Jeramy Chapdelaine expired on January 31, 2025, allowing the appointment of one commissioner term expiring January 31, 2029. The City Council may consider one community member appointment to the Commission.

The opportunity to serve was advertised and one completed application was received from Jeramy Chapdelaine. The application is included in the staff report for your review.

Staff recommends the Mayor consider the reappointment of Jeramy Chapdelaine to the Regional Housing Authority Board of Commissioners as the Community Member, with a term ending January 31, 2029, with Council then confirming the Mayor's reappointment.

Fiscal Impacts: None.

Recommendation: Confirm the Mayor's reappointment of Jeramy Chapdelaine to the Regional Housing Authority Board of Commissioners as the Community Member, with a term ending January 31, 2029.

Attachments:

Application - Jeramy Chapdelaine
Supplemental Questionnaire - Jeramy Chapdelaine
37 1455 Butte House Road • Yuba City, CA 95993
Phone: (530) 671-0220 • Toll Free: (888) 671-0220 • TTY: (866) 735-2929 • Fax: (530) 673-0775 www.RegionalHA.org
Serving the Cities of Live Oak, Yuba City and Colusa • Counties of Sutter, Nevada, Colusa and Yuba

The Housing Authority is an equal opportunity employer and housing provider.

APPLICATION TO THE REGIONAL HOUSING AUTHORITY

BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
Name: Jeramy Chapdelaine Phone: Home:

Address: Work:

City, Zip: Live Oak, 95953 Email:

Are you currently serving on a board/commission/committee/council? Yes X No I am currently appointed to the Regional Housing Authority Board of Commissioners.

Employment experience: 28 years of development and construction experience, 20 of which have been working in local government in the Community Development, Public Works and Capital Projects departments in a variety of positions including Building Inspector, Construction Inspector, Senior Project Manager and Construction and Facilities Development Manager.

Community and organization volunteer experience: I am the Current Mayor of the City of Live Oak, have served as a Sutter County Planning Commissioner, Chairperson for the Live Oak Planning Commission and currently represent Live Oak on the Board of Commissioners for the Regional Housing Authority, SACOG and SBFCA.

Education: I have an A.S. Degree in Building Inspection Technology am a Certified Building Official and have completed management Courses through UC Davis and the International City/County Management Association (ICMA).

Other experience or training: Certified ADA Coordinator

COMMISSIONER QUALIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS
Commissioner appointments to the Regional Housing Authority have certain statutory and regulatory qualifications and requirements that must be met by candidates. These qualifications and requirements include but are not limited to:

1. If applying for the Tenant Commissioner position, you must be a resident at one of the properties owed/managed by the Regional Housing Authority

2. Able to participate in public meetings and willing to make necessary time commitment.

3. Able to work as a team member with other commissioners and Executive Director on building consensus towards the best stewardship of scare public resources to address local housing needs.

4. Prior public commission or committee experience is desirable. 38 2

5. Knowledge of local community and interest in affordable housing issues. Specialized knowledge of real estate, construction, landlord/tenant, finance, or Social Services is beneficial.

6. Cannot have any Conflict of Interest with any housing programs (See Code of Conduct attached)
Certification: I certify that all of the above statements made on this application are true to the best of my knowledge. I understand that any incorrect statements made may disqualify me from appointments to the Board of Commissioners of the Regional Housing Authority.

Signature Date
Thank you for your application. Applications are only good for one year. Your application will be considered by the Regional Housing Authority if a vacancy exists and you meet the requirements. Please mail or deliver your completed application to Regional Housing Authority, 1455 Butte House Road, Yuba City, CA 95993.
2/7/2025
39 1455 Butte House Road • Yuba City, CA 95993
Phone: (530) 671-0220 • Toll Free: (888) 671-0220 • TTY: (866) 735-2929 • Fax: (530) 673-0775 www.RegionalHA.org
Serving the Cities of Live Oak, Yuba City and Colusa • Counties of Sutter, Nevada, Colusa and Yuba

The Housing Authority is an equal opportunity employer and housing provider.

SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONNAIRE
Regional Housing Authority– Board of Commissioners
Name: Jeramy Chapdelaine Phone: Home:

Address: Work:

City, Zip: Live Oak, 95953 Email:

Please answer the following questions (use additional sheets, if necessary):

Describe why you are interested in becoming a Commissioner of the Regional Housing Authority (RHA).

I would like to continue to serve my community by dedicating my time, knowledge and experience to the Regional Housing Authority as a fair and reasonable decision maker. I am also a huge advocate of the programs and projects RHA administers, and it would be an honor to continue to serve as a Commissioner.

Describe some of the issues facing RHA and indicate how you would address them.

Fluctuations in available funding are always a challenge. I believe we need to have an experienced board that work with staff to find solutions and additional efficiencies to funding gaps. Over my past terms we have dealt with many of those situations. Finding new partners and receiving tax credits is also challenging and very competitive, I am always willing to jump in and help anywhere I can, in the past I have passed along info for new grant programs and other regional opportunities that I’m aware of through my professional experience.

Certification: I certify that all of the above statements made on this supplemental questionnaire are true to the best of my knowledge. I understand that any incorrect statements made may disqualify me from appointments to the Regional Housing Authority Board of Commissioners.

Signature Date
Thank you for completing the supplemental questionnaire. Please mail or hand deliver this document and your résumé (or a detailed list of your educational background, employment history, and volunteer activities) to Regional Housing Authority, 1455 Butte House Road, Yuba City, CA 95993. 2/7/2025
40 City of Live Oak
Report to City Council
Meeting Date: February 19, 2025
Title: Well 2 PFAS Update
Contact Information: Jeff Nelson, interim Public Works Director Location: Well 2
Background: The State of California had groundwater samples collected from the City's 5 water supply wells on 8 August 19, 2024 and had the samples tested for Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS). One of the four PFAS chemicals tested for, PFHxS, was detected in Well 2 at a concentration of 3.3 nanograms/liter or parts per trillion (ppt); above the State's adopted Notification Level of 3 ppt, but below the State's adopted Response Level of 20 ppt. Staff reported these results to City Council during the November 20, 2024 Regular City Council meeting. As this concentration was below the Response Level of 20 ppt, the State required no further action be taken regarding this detection of PFHxS.
41 Analysis: While not required by the State, Staff resampled Wells 1, 2 and 4 on December 5, 2024. PFHxS was detected at a concentration of 3.4 ppt in the sample collected from Well 2, similar to the results from the sample collected from this well in August, 2024. Again, 3.4 ppt of PFHxS is below the State's Response Level of 20 ppt.

Please also note that water from Well 2 is blended/mixed with water from Well 1 at the Booster Pump Station (BPS) where it is then pumped into the City's water supply system. A blended water sample was collected directly from the BPS; PFHxS was detected at a concentration of 2.5 ppt in this sample, below the Notification Level of 3.0 ppt.

Staff will continue to monitor the City's wells for the presence of PFAS. Staff are also working on identifying the potential sources of PFAS in the City's wells. Staff will keep the City Council informed of these activities with periodic reports at future City Council meetings.

The laboratory reports from the December 5, 2024 sampling event, as well as some fact sheets and other relevant information are included as an appendix to this staff report. Additional information regarding PFAS can be found at the following web sites:

U.S. EPA (https://www.epa.gov/pfas)
California State Water Resources Control Board
(https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/pfas)
Fiscal Impacts: None.

Recommendation: Information only.

Attachments:

LIVE OAK WELLS 1, 2, 4 12-05-2024 Final Report
LIVE OAK WELL 1A, 2A (blended) 12-05-2024 Final Report
EPA pfas explained
PFAS Occurance in CA Public Water Systems
PFAS FAQs SWRCB
Parts per trillion perspective
42 Enclosures
Re Lab Order: Z120354 Collected By: TW
Project ID: 7130-LIVE OAK WELL|5110001 PO/Contract#:

Emilio Flores
City of Yuba City
302 Burns Drive
Yuba City, CA 95991
Dear Emilio Flores:

Tuesday, December 31, 2024
Enclosed are the analytical results for sample(s) received by the laboratory on Thursday, December 05, 2024. Results reported herein conform to the most current NELAC standards, where applicable, unless otherwise narrated in the body of the report.

If you have any questions concerning this report, please feel free to contact me.

Project Manager: Greg Martindale
NELAP/ORELAP Certification 4036 CA-ELAP Certification 1664 12/31/2024 10:13 REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS Page 1 of 6 This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of CALTEST ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 1885 North Kelly Road • Napa, California 94558
(707) 258-4000 • e-mail: [email protected] 43

SAMPLE SUMMARY
Lab Order:

Project ID:

Z120354
7130-LIVE OAK WELL|5110001
Lab ID Sample ID Matrix Date Collected Date Received
Z120354001 ZB30724-WELL1A|5110001_011_011 Drinking Water 12/05/24 08:06 12/05/24 17:05 Z120354002 ZB30732-FB 1A|5110001_011_011 Drinking Water 12/05/24 08:06 12/05/24 17:05 Z120354003 ZB30725-WELL2A|5110001_013_013 Drinking Water 12/05/24 08:00 12/05/24 17:05 Z120354004 ZB30733-FB 2A|5110001_013_013 Drinking Water 12/05/24 08:00 12/05/24 17:05 Z120354005 ZB30726-WELL4|5110001_004_004 Drinking Water 12/05/24 07:44 12/05/24 17:05 Z120354006 ZB30734-FB W4|5110001_004_004 Drinking Water 12/05/24 07:44 12/05/24 17:05 NELAP/ORELAP Certification 4036 CA-ELAP Certification 1664 12/31/2024 10:13 REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS Page 2 of 6 This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of CALTEST ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 1885 North Kelly Road • Napa, California 94558
(707) 258-4000 • e-mail: [email protected] 44

NARRATIVE
Lab Order: Z120354
Project ID: 7130-LIVE OAK WELL|5110001
General Qualifiers and Notes
Caltest authorizes this report to be reproduced only in its entirety. Results are specific to the sample(s) as submitted and only to the parameter(s) reported.

Caltest certifies that test results meet California Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program (CA-ELAP) and/or National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program (NELAP) requirements, as applicable, unless stated otherwise.

All analyses performed by EPA Methods or Standard Methods.

Dilution Factors (DF) reported greater than '1' have been used to adjust the result, Reporting Limit (RL), and Method Detection Limit (MDL).

All Solid, sludge, and/or biosolids data is reported in Wet Weight, unless otherwise specified.

Analyses performed at Caltest for pH, Dissolved Oxygen, and Chlorine Residual, as well as laboratory filtrations for Dissolved Metals (excluding Mercury) are not performed within the 15 minute holding time as specified by 40CFR 136.3 table II.

Results Qualifiers: Report fields may contain codes and non-numeric data correlating to one or more of the following definitions:

ND - indicates analytical result has not been detected at or above the Reporting Limit (RL), or at above the Method Detection Limit (MDL) when it is included on the report and is not otherwise noted.

RL - Reporting Limit is the quantitation limit at which the laboratory is able to detect an analyte. An analyte not detected at or above the RL is reported as ND unless otherwise noted or qualified. For analyses pertaining to the State Implementation Plan of the California Toxics Rule, the Caltest Reporting Limit (RL) is equivalent to the Minimum Level (ML). A standard is always run at or below the ML. Where Reporting Limits are elevated due to dilution, the ML calibration criteria has been met.

MDL - The Method Detection Limit is defined as the minimum measured concentration of a substance that can be reported with 99% confidence that the measured concentration is distinguishable from method blank results.

J - reflects estimated analytical result value detected below the Reporting Limit (RL) and above the Method Detection Limit (MDL).

The 'J' flag is equivalent to the DNQ Estimated Concentration flag.

B - indicates the analyte has been detected in the blank associated with the sample.

SS - compound is a Surrogate Spike used per laboratory quality assurance manual.

NOTE: This document represents a complete Analytical Report for the samples referenced herein and should be retained as a permanent record thereof.

NELAP/ORELAP Certification 4036 CA-ELAP Certification 1664 12/31/2024 10:13 REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS Page 3 of 6 This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of CALTEST ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 1885 North Kelly Road • Napa, California 94558
(707) 258-4000 • e-mail: [email protected] 45

ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Lab Order:

Project ID: 7130-LIVE OAK WELL|5110001
Z120354
Lab ID Z120354001
Sample ID ZB30724-
WELL1A|5110001_011_011
Date Collected: 12/05/24 08:06
Date Received: 12/05/24 17:05
Matrix: Drinking Water
Parameter Result Units RL MDL DF Prepared Batch Analyzed Batch Qual PFAS by EPA 533
Subcontracted to Weck Laboratory (see attached report)
Lab ID Z120354002
Sample ID ZB30732-FB
1A|5110001_011_011
Date Collected: 12/05/24 08:06
Date Received: 12/05/24 17:05
Matrix: Drinking Water
Parameter Result Units RL MDL DF Prepared Batch Analyzed Batch Qual PFAS by EPA 533
Subcontracted to Weck Laboratory (see attached report)
Lab ID Z120354003
Sample ID ZB30725-
WELL2A|5110001_013_013
Date Collected: 12/05/24 08:00
Date Received: 12/05/24 17:05
Matrix: Drinking Water
Parameter Result Units RL MDL DF Prepared Batch Analyzed Batch Qual PFAS by EPA 533
Subcontracted to Weck Laboratory (see attached report)
Lab ID Z120354004
Sample ID ZB30733-FB
2A|5110001_013_013
Date Collected: 12/05/24 08:00
Date Received: 12/05/24 17:05
Matrix: Drinking Water
Parameter Result Units RL MDL DF Prepared Batch Analyzed Batch Qual PFAS by EPA 533
Subcontracted to Weck Laboratory (see attached report)
Lab ID Z120354005
Sample ID ZB30726-
WELL4|5110001_004_004
Date Collected: 12/05/24 07:44
Date Received: 12/05/24 17:05
Matrix: Drinking Water
Parameter Result Units RL MDL DF Prepared Batch Analyzed Batch Qual PFAS by EPA 533
Subcontracted to Weck Laboratory (see attached report)
Lab ID Z120354006
Sample ID ZB30734-FB
W4|5110001_004_004
Date Collected: 12/05/24 07:44
Date Received: 12/05/24 17:05
Matrix: Drinking Water
Parameter Result Units RL MDL DF Prepared Batch Analyzed Batch Qual PFAS by EPA 533
Subcontracted to Weck Laboratory (see attached report)
NELAP/ORELAP Certification 4036 CA-ELAP Certification 1664 12/31/2024 10:13 REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS Page 4 of 6 This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of CALTEST ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 1885 North Kelly Road • Napa, California 94558
(707) 258-4000 • e-mail: [email protected] 46

QUALITY CONTROL DATA QUALIFIERS
Lab Order: Z120354
Project ID: 7130-LIVE OAK WELL|5110001
Quality Control Parameter Qualifiers
Results Qualifiers: Report fields may contain codes and non-numeric data correlating to one or more of the following definitions:

NS - means not spiked and will not have recoveries reported for Analyte Spike Amounts QC Codes Keys: These descriptors are used to help identify the specific QC samples and clarify the report.

MB - Method Blank
Method Blanks are reported to the same Method Detection Limits (MDLs) or Reporting Limits (RLs) as the analytical samples in the corresponding QC batch.

LCS/LCSD - Laboratory Control Spike / Laboratory Control Spike Duplicate DUP - Duplicate of Original Sample Matrix
MS/MSD - Matrix Spike / Matrix Spike Duplicate
RPD - Relative Percent Difference
%Recovery - Spike Recovery stated as a percentage
NELAP/ORELAP Certification 4036 CA-ELAP Certification 1664 12/31/2024 10:13 REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS Page 5 of 6 This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of CALTEST ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 1885 North Kelly Road • Napa, California 94558
(707) 258-4000 • e-mail: [email protected] 47
NELAP/ORELAP Certification 4036 CA-ELAP Certification 1664 12/31/2024 10:13 REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS Page 6 of 6 This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of CALTEST ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 1885 North Kelly Road • Napa, California 94558
(707) 258-4000 • e-mail: [email protected] 48
[TOC_
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Report Date:

Project:

Attn:

Client:

P.O. #:

Fax:

Phones:

Turnaround Time:

Received Date:
12/26/2024
12/10/2024
Normal Z120354
Z120354
Billing Code:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Client Services
Caltest Analytical Laboratory
(707) 258-4000
(707) 226-1001
Work Orders: 4L10061
DoD-ELAP ANAB #ADE-2882 ● DoD-ISO ANAB # ● ELAP-CA #1132 ● EPA-UCMR #CA00211 ● ISO17025 ANAB #L2457.01 ● LACSD #10143 ● NELAP-OR #4047
This is a complete final report. The information in this report applies to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain-of-custody document. Weck Laboratories certifies that the test results meet all requirements of TNI unless noted by qualifiers or written in the Case Narrative. The report may include analytes that are not currently accreditable by some state agencies or accrediting bodies. This analytical report must be reproduced in its entirety.

Dear Client Services,
Enclosed are the analytical results for the samples submitted under the attached Chain of Custody document. All analyses adhered to the method criteria, except where noted in the case narrative, sample condition checklist, and/or data qualifiers.

Tiffany T. Felix
Reviewed by:

Project Manager
4L10061 Page 1 of 22
14859 Clark Avenue,City of Industry CA, 91745 | Phone: (626) 336-2139 www.wecklabs.com 49
Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Condition
Temperature 2.80 C
COC present COC completed properly
COC matches sample labels Wet ice
Blue ice Sample(s) intact
Sample(s) using proper containers Sample(s) have sufficient sample volume Sample(s) received within hold time Sample(s) labels have correct preservation Sample(s) have acceptable pH Sample(s) have acceptable Cl [TOC_1
[TOC_1
Sample Summary
Sample Name Sampled By Lab ID Matrix Sampled Qualifiers Z120354001, Alias: ZB30724-WELL1A, RegID: 4L10061-01 12/05/24 08:06 CA5110001_011_011
TW Water
Z120354002, Alias: ZB30732-FB1A, RegID: 4L10061-02 12/05/24 08:06 CA5110001_011_011
TW Water
Z120354003, Alias: ZB30725-WELL2A, RegID: 4L10061-03 12/05/24 08:00 CA5110001_013_013
TW Water
Z120354004, Alias: ZB30725-FB2A, RegID: 4L10061-04 12/05/24 08:00 CA5110001_013_013
TW Water
Z120354005, Alias: ZB30726-WELL4, RegID: 4L10061-05 12/05/24 07:44 CA5110001_004_004
TW Water
Z120354006, Alias: ZB30734-FB-W4, RegID: 4L10061-06 12/05/24 07:44 CA5110001_004_004
TW Water
4L10061 Page 2 of 22
14859 Clark Avenue,City of Industry CA, 91745 | Phone: (626) 336-2139 www.wecklabs.com 50
Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
[TOC_1
Sample Results
Sample: Z120354001, Alias: ZB30724-WELL1A, RegID: CA5110001_011_011 Sampled: 12/05/24 8:06 by TW 4L10061-01 (Water)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 12:49
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1095 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: rjr 11Cl-PF3OUdS ND 0.16 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
4:2 FTS ND 0.35 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
6:2 FTS ND 0.21 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
8:2 FTS ND 0.31 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
9Cl-PF3ONS ND 0.23 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
ADONA ND 0.26 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
HFPO-DA ND 0.28 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
NFDHA ND 0.51 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFBA 1.2 0.13 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFBS 1.1 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFDA ND 0.23 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDoA ND 0.40 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFEESA ND 0.086 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHpA 0.89 0.37 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFHpS ND 0.33 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxA 1.8 0.28 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxS 1.8 0.25 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMBA ND 0.19 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMPA ND 0.19 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFNA ND 0.45 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOA 2.0 0.27 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOS 2.7 0.46 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeA 2.4 0.098 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeS 0.30 0.10 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFUnA ND 0.28 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 114% Conc: 37.6 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-6:2 FTS 110% Conc: 36.2 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-8:2 FTS 107% Conc: 35.4 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-PFDoA 88% Conc: 7.27 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFBS 117% Conc: 9.69 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFHxS 113% Conc: 9.36 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFBA 108% Conc: 8.89 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFHpA 104% Conc: 8.59 50-200 12/17/24
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14859 Clark Avenue,City of Industry CA, 91745 | Phone: (626) 336-2139 www.wecklabs.com 51
Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120354001, Alias: ZB30724-WELL1A, RegID: CA5110001_011_011 Sampled: 12/05/24 8:06 by TW 4L10061-01 (Water)
(Continued)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 12:49
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1095 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: rjr 13C5-PFHxA 105% Conc: 8.70 50-200 12/17/24
13C5-PFPeA 108% Conc: 8.94 50-200 12/17/24
13C6-PFDA 80% Conc: 6.64 50-200 12/17/24
13C7-PFUnA 82% Conc: 6.78 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOA 97% Conc: 7.98 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOS 110% Conc: 9.09 50-200 12/17/24
13C9-PFNA 87% Conc: 7.16 50-200 12/17/24
HFPO-DA-13C3 101% Conc: 8.34 50-200 12/17/24
4L10061 Page 4 of 22
14859 Clark Avenue,City of Industry CA, 91745 | Phone: (626) 336-2139 www.wecklabs.com 52
Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120354002, Alias: ZB30732-FB1A, RegID: CA5110001_011_011 Sampled: 12/05/24 8:06 by TW 4L10061-02 (Water)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 12:49
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1095 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: rjr 11Cl-PF3OUdS ND 0.17 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
4:2 FTS ND 0.37 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
6:2 FTS ND 0.22 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
8:2 FTS ND 0.33 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
9Cl-PF3ONS ND 0.25 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
ADONA ND 0.28 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
HFPO-DA ND 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
NFDHA ND 0.54 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFBA ND 0.14 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFBS ND 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDA ND 0.24 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDoA ND 0.42 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFEESA ND 0.091 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHpA ND 0.39 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHpS ND 0.35 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxA ND 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxS ND 0.27 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMBA ND 0.20 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMPA ND 0.20 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFNA ND 0.48 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOA ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOS ND 0.49 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeA ND 0.10 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeS ND 0.11 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFUnA ND 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 111% Conc: 38.6 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-6:2 FTS 108% Conc: 37.6 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-8:2 FTS 100% Conc: 34.8 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-PFDoA 104% Conc: 9.08 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFBS 112% Conc: 9.75 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFHxS 111% Conc: 9.71 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFBA 111% Conc: 9.64 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFHpA 108% Conc: 9.45 50-200 12/17/24
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14859 Clark Avenue,City of Industry CA, 91745 | Phone: (626) 336-2139 www.wecklabs.com 53
Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120354002, Alias: ZB30732-FB1A, RegID: CA5110001_011_011 Sampled: 12/05/24 8:06 by TW 4L10061-02 (Water)
(Continued)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 12:49
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1095 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: rjr 13C5-PFHxA 110% Conc: 9.62 50-200 12/17/24
13C5-PFPeA 111% Conc: 9.67 50-200 12/17/24
13C6-PFDA 102% Conc: 8.89 50-200 12/17/24
13C7-PFUnA 103% Conc: 9.00 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOA 107% Conc: 9.32 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOS 114% Conc: 9.92 50-200 12/17/24
13C9-PFNA 104% Conc: 9.03 50-200 12/17/24
HFPO-DA-13C3 104% Conc: 9.03 50-200 12/17/24
4L10061 Page 6 of 22
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Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120354003, Alias: ZB30725-WELL2A, RegID: CA5110001_013_013 Sampled: 12/05/24 8:00 by TW 4L10061-03 (Water)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 12:49
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1095 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: rjr 11Cl-PF3OUdS ND 0.17 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
4:2 FTS ND 0.37 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
6:2 FTS ND 0.22 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
8:2 FTS ND 0.33 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
9Cl-PF3ONS ND 0.24 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
ADONA ND 0.28 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
HFPO-DA ND 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
NFDHA ND 0.53 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFBA 1.8 0.13 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFBS 2.4 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDA ND 0.24 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDoA ND 0.41 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFEESA ND 0.090 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHpA 1.6 0.39 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFHpS ND 0.34 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxA 3.6 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxS 3.4 0.26 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMBA ND 0.20 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMPA ND 0.20 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFNA ND 0.47 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOA 3.4 0.28 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOS 3.0 0.48 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeA 4.3 0.10 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeS 0.55 0.11 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFUnA ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 109% Conc: 37.4 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-6:2 FTS 111% Conc: 38.2 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-8:2 FTS 111% Conc: 38.2 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-PFDoA 102% Conc: 8.75 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFBS 112% Conc: 9.59 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFHxS 111% Conc: 9.58 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFBA 109% Conc: 9.36 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFHpA 107% Conc: 9.22 50-200 12/17/24
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Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120354003, Alias: ZB30725-WELL2A, RegID: CA5110001_013_013 Sampled: 12/05/24 8:00 by TW 4L10061-03 (Water)
(Continued)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 12:49
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1095 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: rjr 13C5-PFHxA 106% Conc: 9.13 50-200 12/17/24
13C5-PFPeA 112% Conc: 9.62 50-200 12/17/24
13C6-PFDA 99% Conc: 8.51 50-200 12/17/24
13C7-PFUnA 99% Conc: 8.49 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOA 104% Conc: 8.91 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOS 104% Conc: 8.94 50-200 12/17/24
13C9-PFNA 105% Conc: 9.00 50-200 12/17/24
HFPO-DA-13C3 107% Conc: 9.18 50-200 12/17/24
4L10061 Page 8 of 22
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Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120354004, Alias: ZB30725-FB2A, RegID: CA5110001_013_013 Sampled: 12/05/24 8:00 by TW 4L10061-04 (Water)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 07:56
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1046 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: ROM 11Cl-PF3OUdS ND 0.17 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
4:2 FTS ND 0.37 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
6:2 FTS ND 0.22 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
8:2 FTS ND 0.33 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
9Cl-PF3ONS ND 0.25 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
ADONA ND 0.28 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
HFPO-DA ND 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
NFDHA ND 0.53 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFBA 0.38 0.13 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFBS ND 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDA ND 0.24 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDoA ND 0.41 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFEESA ND 0.090 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHpA ND 0.39 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHpS ND 0.34 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxA ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxS ND 0.26 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMBA ND 0.20 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMPA ND 0.20 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFNA ND 0.47 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOA ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOS ND 0.48 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeA ND 0.10 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeS ND 0.11 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFUnA ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 125% Conc: 43.1 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-6:2 FTS 109% Conc: 37.5 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-8:2 FTS 101% Conc: 34.8 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-PFDoA 104% Conc: 8.92 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFBS 115% Conc: 9.94 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFHxS 110% Conc: 9.45 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFBA 110% Conc: 9.51 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFHpA 104% Conc: 8.94 50-200 12/17/24
4L10061 Page 9 of 22
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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120354004, Alias: ZB30725-FB2A, RegID: CA5110001_013_013 Sampled: 12/05/24 8:00 by TW 4L10061-04 (Water)
(Continued)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 07:56
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1046 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: ROM 13C5-PFHxA 105% Conc: 9.09 50-200 12/17/24
13C5-PFPeA 113% Conc: 9.73 50-200 12/17/24
13C6-PFDA 103% Conc: 8.88 50-200 12/17/24
13C7-PFUnA 101% Conc: 8.73 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOA 103% Conc: 8.91 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOS 109% Conc: 9.40 50-200 12/17/24
13C9-PFNA 104% Conc: 8.95 50-200 12/17/24
HFPO-DA-13C3 98% Conc: 8.45 50-200 12/17/24
4L10061 Page 10 of 22
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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120354005, Alias: ZB30726-WELL4, RegID: CA5110001_004_004 Sampled: 12/05/24 7:44 by TW 4L10061-05 (Water)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 07:56
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1046 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: ROM 11Cl-PF3OUdS ND 0.17 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
4:2 FTS ND 0.36 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
6:2 FTS ND 0.21 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
8:2 FTS ND 0.32 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
9Cl-PF3ONS ND 0.24 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
ADONA ND 0.27 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
HFPO-DA ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
NFDHA ND 0.52 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFBA 0.65 0.13 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFBS 0.67 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFDA ND 0.24 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDoA ND 0.40 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFEESA ND 0.088 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHpA 0.41 0.38 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFHpS ND 0.34 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxA 0.86 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFHxS 2.1 0.26 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMBA ND 0.19 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMPA ND 0.19 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFNA ND 0.46 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOA 2.6 0.28 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOS 2.0 0.47 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeA 0.89 0.10 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFPeS 0.24 0.11 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFUnA ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 111% Conc: 37.2 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-6:2 FTS 105% Conc: 35.3 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-8:2 FTS 109% Conc: 36.6 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-PFDoA 89% Conc: 7.51 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFBS 109% Conc: 9.14 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFHxS 112% Conc: 9.43 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFBA 106% Conc: 8.90 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFHpA 93% Conc: 7.84 50-200 12/17/24
4L10061 Page 11 of 22
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1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120354005, Alias: ZB30726-WELL4, RegID: CA5110001_004_004 Sampled: 12/05/24 7:44 by TW 4L10061-05 (Water)
(Continued)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 07:56
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1046 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: ROM 13C5-PFHxA 101% Conc: 8.50 50-200 12/17/24
13C5-PFPeA 105% Conc: 8.88 50-200 12/17/24
13C6-PFDA 71% Conc: 5.94 50-200 12/17/24
13C7-PFUnA 83% Conc: 7.01 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOA 83% Conc: 7.01 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOS 110% Conc: 9.27 50-200 12/17/24
13C9-PFNA 73% Conc: 6.18 50-200 12/17/24
HFPO-DA-13C3 92% Conc: 7.71 50-200 12/17/24
4L10061 Page 12 of 22
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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120354006, Alias: ZB30734-FB-W4, RegID: CA5110001_004_004 Sampled: 12/05/24 7:44 by TW 4L10061-06 (Water)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 07:56
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1046 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: ROM 11Cl-PF3OUdS ND 0.17 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
4:2 FTS ND 0.36 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
6:2 FTS ND 0.21 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
8:2 FTS ND 0.32 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
9Cl-PF3ONS ND 0.24 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
ADONA ND 0.27 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
HFPO-DA ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
NFDHA ND 0.52 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFBA 0.49 0.13 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFBS ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDA ND 0.24 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDoA ND 0.40 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFEESA ND 0.087 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHpA ND 0.38 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHpS ND 0.34 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxA ND 0.28 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxS ND 0.26 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMBA ND 0.19 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMPA ND 0.19 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFNA ND 0.46 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOA ND 0.28 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOS ND 0.47 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeA ND 0.10 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeS ND 0.10 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFUnA ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 118% Conc: 39.7 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-6:2 FTS 105% Conc: 35.2 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-8:2 FTS 100% Conc: 33.7 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-PFDoA 104% Conc: 8.73 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFBS 114% Conc: 9.59 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFHxS 107% Conc: 9.00 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFBA 112% Conc: 9.42 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFHpA 106% Conc: 8.91 50-200 12/17/24
4L10061 Page 13 of 22
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Project Number:

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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120354006, Alias: ZB30734-FB-W4, RegID: CA5110001_004_004 Sampled: 12/05/24 7:44 by TW 4L10061-06 (Water)
(Continued)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 07:56
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1046 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: ROM 13C5-PFHxA 107% Conc: 8.97 50-200 12/17/24
13C5-PFPeA 112% Conc: 9.36 50-200 12/17/24
13C6-PFDA 103% Conc: 8.63 50-200 12/17/24
13C7-PFUnA 108% Conc: 9.05 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOA 111% Conc: 9.27 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOS 107% Conc: 8.97 50-200 12/17/24
13C9-PFNA 110% Conc: 9.22 50-200 12/17/24
HFPO-DA-13C3 116% Conc: 9.70 50-200 12/17/24
4L10061 Page 14 of 22
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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
[TOC_1
Quality Control Results Results
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS Analyte Result MRL Units
Spike
Level
Source
Result %REC
%REC
Limits RPD
RPD
MDL Limit Qualifier
Batch: W4L1046 - EPA 533
Blank (W4L1046-BLK1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 11Cl-PF3OUdS ND 0.20 2.0 ng/l
4:2 FTS ND 0.43 2.0 ng/l
6:2 FTS ND 0.25 2.0 ng/l
8:2 FTS ND 0.38 2.0 ng/l
9Cl-PF3ONS ND 0.28 2.0 ng/l
ADONA ND 0.32 2.0 ng/l
HFPO-DA ND 0.34 2.0 ng/l
NFDHA ND 0.62 2.0 ng/l
PFBA ND 0.16 2.0 ng/l
PFBS ND 0.35 2.0 ng/l
PFDA ND 0.28 2.0 ng/l
PFDoA ND 0.48 2.0 ng/l
PFEESA ND 0.10 2.0 ng/l
PFHpA ND 0.45 2.0 ng/l
PFHpS ND 0.40 2.0 ng/l
PFHxA ND 0.34 2.0 ng/l
PFHxS ND 0.30 2.0 ng/l
PFMBA ND 0.23 2.0 ng/l
PFMPA ND 0.23 2.0 ng/l
PFNA ND 0.55 2.0 ng/l
PFOA ND 0.33 2.0 ng/l
PFOS ND 0.56 2.0 ng/l
PFPeA ND 0.12 2.0 ng/l
PFPeS ND 0.12 2.0 ng/l
PFUnA ND 0.34 2.0 ng/l
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 46.0 ng/l 40.0 115 50-200
13C2-6:2 FTS 42.7 ng/l 40.0 107 50-200
13C2-8:2 FTS 39.9 ng/l 40.0 100 50-200
13C2-PFDoA 10.8 ng/l 10.0 108 50-200
13C3-PFBS 11.2 ng/l 10.0 112 50-200
13C3-PFHxS 10.6 ng/l 10.0 106 50-200
13C4-PFBA 11.3 ng/l 10.0 113 50-200
13C4-PFHpA 11.3 ng/l 10.0 113 50-200
13C5-PFHxA 11.0 ng/l 10.0 110 50-200
13C5-PFPeA 11.4 ng/l 10.0 114 50-200
13C6-PFDA 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
13C7-PFUnA 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
13C8-PFOA 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
4L10061 Page 15 of 22
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Project Number:

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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Quality Control Results (Continued)
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Analyte Result MRL Units
Spike
Level
Source
Result %REC
%REC
Limits RPD
RPD
MDL Limit Qualifier
Batch: W4L1046 - EPA 533 (Continued)
Blank (W4L1046-BLK1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 Surrogate(s)
13C8-PFOS 11.1 ng/l 10.0 111 50-200
13C9-PFNA 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
HFPO-DA-13C3 11.2 ng/l 10.0 112 50-200
LCS (W4L1046-BS1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 11Cl-PF3OUdS 19.3 0.20 2.0 ng/l 20.0 97 70-130
4:2 FTS 16.1 0.43 2.0 ng/l 20.0 81 70-130
6:2 FTS 18.9 0.25 2.0 ng/l 20.0 94 70-130
8:2 FTS 19.5 0.38 2.0 ng/l 20.0 97 70-130
9Cl-PF3ONS 18.8 0.28 2.0 ng/l 20.0 94 70-130
ADONA 19.5 0.32 2.0 ng/l 20.0 98 70-130
HFPO-DA 20.0 0.34 2.0 ng/l 20.0 100 70-130
NFDHA 21.4 0.62 2.0 ng/l 20.0 107 70-130
PFBA 19.3 0.16 2.0 ng/l 20.0 97 70-130
PFBS 19.7 0.35 2.0 ng/l 20.0 99 70-130
PFDA 19.7 0.28 2.0 ng/l 20.0 98 70-130
PFDoA 19.5 0.48 2.0 ng/l 20.0 97 70-130
PFEESA 18.4 0.10 2.0 ng/l 20.0 92 70-130
PFHpA 19.9 0.45 2.0 ng/l 20.0 100 70-130
PFHpS 19.2 0.40 2.0 ng/l 20.0 96 70-130
PFHxA 20.0 0.34 2.0 ng/l 20.0 100 70-130
PFHxS 19.6 0.30 2.0 ng/l 20.0 98 70-130
PFMBA 20.3 0.23 2.0 ng/l 20.0 101 70-130
PFMPA 19.3 0.23 2.0 ng/l 20.0 96 70-130
PFNA 19.2 0.55 2.0 ng/l 20.0 96 70-130
PFOA 20.0 0.33 2.0 ng/l 20.0 100 70-130
PFOS 18.5 0.56 2.0 ng/l 20.0 92 70-130
PFPeA 19.8 0.12 2.0 ng/l 20.0 99 70-130
PFPeS 20.4 0.12 2.0 ng/l 20.0 102 70-130
PFUnA 19.9 0.34 2.0 ng/l 20.0 100 70-130
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 43.8 ng/l 40.0 109 50-200
13C2-6:2 FTS 43.3 ng/l 40.0 108 50-200
13C2-8:2 FTS 39.9 ng/l 40.0 100 50-200
13C2-PFDoA 10.5 ng/l 10.0 105 50-200
13C3-PFBS 11.2 ng/l 10.0 112 50-200
13C3-PFHxS 10.4 ng/l 10.0 104 50-200
13C4-PFBA 11.2 ng/l 10.0 112 50-200
13C4-PFHpA 10.8 ng/l 10.0 108 50-200
4L10061 Page 16 of 22
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Project Number:

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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Quality Control Results (Continued)
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Analyte Result MRL Units
Spike
Level
Source
Result %REC
%REC
Limits RPD
RPD
MDL Limit Qualifier
Batch: W4L1046 - EPA 533 (Continued)
LCS (W4L1046-BS1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 Surrogate(s)
13C5-PFHxA 10.8 ng/l 10.0 108 50-200
13C5-PFPeA 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
13C6-PFDA 10.2 ng/l 10.0 102 50-200
13C7-PFUnA 10.3 ng/l 10.0 103 50-200
13C8-PFOA 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
13C8-PFOS 10.5 ng/l 10.0 105 50-200
13C9-PFNA 10.5 ng/l 10.0 105 50-200
HFPO-DA-13C3 10.6 ng/l 10.0 106 50-200
LCS Dup (W4L1046-BSD1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 11Cl-PF3OUdS 18.0 0.20 2.0 ng/l 20.0 90 70-130 7 30
4:2 FTS 16.0 0.43 2.0 ng/l 20.0 80 70-130 0.8 30
6:2 FTS 19.3 0.25 2.0 ng/l 20.0 97 70-130 2 30
8:2 FTS 18.7 0.38 2.0 ng/l 20.0 93 70-130 4 30
9Cl-PF3ONS 17.7 0.28 2.0 ng/l 20.0 89 70-130 6 30
ADONA 20.2 0.32 2.0 ng/l 20.0 101 70-130 4 30
HFPO-DA 19.2 0.34 2.0 ng/l 20.0 96 70-130 4 30
NFDHA 20.1 0.62 2.0 ng/l 20.0 101 70-130 6 30
PFBA 19.4 0.16 2.0 ng/l 20.0 97 70-130 0.4 30
PFBS 18.6 0.35 2.0 ng/l 20.0 93 70-130 6 30
PFDA 19.2 0.28 2.0 ng/l 20.0 96 70-130 2 30
PFDoA 20.0 0.48 2.0 ng/l 20.0 100 70-130 3 30
PFEESA 18.4 0.10 2.0 ng/l 20.0 92 70-130 0.06 30
PFHpA 20.1 0.45 2.0 ng/l 20.0 100 70-130 0.7 30
PFHpS 18.8 0.40 2.0 ng/l 20.0 94 70-130 3 30
PFHxA 19.9 0.34 2.0 ng/l 20.0 99 70-130 0.5 30
PFHxS 19.6 0.30 2.0 ng/l 20.0 98 70-130 0.4 30
PFMBA 19.6 0.23 2.0 ng/l 20.0 98 70-130 3 30
PFMPA 19.2 0.23 2.0 ng/l 20.0 96 70-130 0.2 30
PFNA 18.3 0.55 2.0 ng/l 20.0 92 70-130 5 30
PFOA 19.5 0.33 2.0 ng/l 20.0 97 70-130 2 30
PFOS 17.5 0.56 2.0 ng/l 20.0 88 70-130 5 30
PFPeA 19.1 0.12 2.0 ng/l 20.0 96 70-130 4 30
PFPeS 19.8 0.12 2.0 ng/l 20.0 99 70-130 3 30
PFUnA 19.5 0.34 2.0 ng/l 20.0 98 70-130 2 30
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 46.9 ng/l 40.0 117 50-200
13C2-6:2 FTS 42.5 ng/l 40.0 106 50-200
13C2-8:2 FTS 40.4 ng/l 40.0 101 50-200
4L10061 Page 17 of 22
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Project Number:

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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Quality Control Results (Continued)
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Analyte Result MRL Units
Spike
Level
Source
Result %REC
%REC
Limits RPD
RPD
MDL Limit Qualifier
Batch: W4L1046 - EPA 533 (Continued)
LCS Dup (W4L1046-BSD1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 Surrogate(s)
13C2-PFDoA 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
13C3-PFBS 11.4 ng/l 10.0 114 50-200
13C3-PFHxS 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
13C4-PFBA 11.1 ng/l 10.0 111 50-200
13C4-PFHpA 10.4 ng/l 10.0 104 50-200
13C5-PFHxA 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
13C5-PFPeA 11.2 ng/l 10.0 112 50-200
13C6-PFDA 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
13C7-PFUnA 10.4 ng/l 10.0 104 50-200
13C8-PFOA 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
13C8-PFOS 11.2 ng/l 10.0 112 50-200
13C9-PFNA 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
HFPO-DA-13C3 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
Batch: W4L1095 - EPA 533
Blank (W4L1095-BLK1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 11Cl-PF3OUdS ND 0.20 2.0 ng/l
4:2 FTS ND 0.43 2.0 ng/l
6:2 FTS ND 0.25 2.0 ng/l
8:2 FTS ND 0.38 2.0 ng/l
9Cl-PF3ONS ND 0.28 2.0 ng/l
ADONA ND 0.32 2.0 ng/l
HFPO-DA ND 0.34 2.0 ng/l
NFDHA ND 0.62 2.0 ng/l
PFBA ND 0.16 2.0 ng/l
PFBS ND 0.35 2.0 ng/l
PFDA ND 0.28 2.0 ng/l
PFDoA ND 0.48 2.0 ng/l
PFEESA ND 0.10 2.0 ng/l
PFHpA ND 0.45 2.0 ng/l
PFHpS ND 0.40 2.0 ng/l
PFHxA ND 0.34 2.0 ng/l
PFHxS ND 0.30 2.0 ng/l
PFMBA ND 0.23 2.0 ng/l
PFMPA ND 0.23 2.0 ng/l
PFNA ND 0.55 2.0 ng/l
PFOA ND 0.33 2.0 ng/l
PFOS ND 0.56 2.0 ng/l
PFPeA ND 0.12 2.0 ng/l
4L10061 Page 18 of 22
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Project Number:

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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Quality Control Results (Continued)
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Analyte Result MRL Units
Spike
Level
Source
Result %REC
%REC
Limits RPD
RPD
MDL Limit Qualifier
Batch: W4L1095 - EPA 533 (Continued)
Blank (W4L1095-BLK1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 PFPeS ND 0.12 2.0 ng/l
PFUnA ND 0.34 2.0 ng/l
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 44.4 ng/l 40.0 111 50-200
13C2-6:2 FTS 44.2 ng/l 40.0 111 50-200
13C2-8:2 FTS 43.1 ng/l 40.0 108 50-200
13C2-PFDoA 10.6 ng/l 10.0 106 50-200
13C3-PFBS 11.5 ng/l 10.0 115 50-200
13C3-PFHxS 12.0 ng/l 10.0 120 50-200
13C4-PFBA 11.2 ng/l 10.0 112 50-200
13C4-PFHpA 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
13C5-PFHxA 10.8 ng/l 10.0 108 50-200
13C5-PFPeA 11.3 ng/l 10.0 113 50-200
13C6-PFDA 10.2 ng/l 10.0 102 50-200
13C7-PFUnA 10.1 ng/l 10.0 101 50-200
13C8-PFOA 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
13C8-PFOS 11.0 ng/l 10.0 110 50-200
13C9-PFNA 10.3 ng/l 10.0 103 50-200
HFPO-DA-13C3 10.6 ng/l 10.0 106 50-200
LCS (W4L1095-BS1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 11Cl-PF3OUdS 57.5 0.20 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130
4:2 FTS 48.7 0.43 2.0 ng/l 60.0 81 70-130
6:2 FTS 60.7 0.25 2.0 ng/l 60.0 101 70-130
8:2 FTS 59.6 0.38 2.0 ng/l 60.0 99 70-130
9Cl-PF3ONS 58.7 0.28 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130
ADONA 57.9 0.32 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130
HFPO-DA 58.8 0.34 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130
NFDHA 57.0 0.62 2.0 ng/l 60.0 95 70-130
PFBA 60.2 0.16 2.0 ng/l 60.0 100 70-130
PFBS 57.6 0.35 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130
PFDA 57.7 0.28 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130
PFDoA 60.7 0.48 2.0 ng/l 60.0 101 70-130
PFEESA 56.9 0.10 2.0 ng/l 60.0 95 70-130
PFHpA 58.0 0.45 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130
PFHpS 57.6 0.40 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130
PFHxA 60.6 0.34 2.0 ng/l 60.0 101 70-130
PFHxS 58.3 0.30 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130
PFMBA 57.3 0.23 2.0 ng/l 60.0 95 70-130
PFMPA 59.7 0.23 2.0 ng/l 60.0 100 70-130
4L10061 Page 19 of 22
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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Quality Control Results (Continued)
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Analyte Result MRL Units
Spike
Level
Source
Result %REC
%REC
Limits RPD
RPD
MDL Limit Qualifier
Batch: W4L1095 - EPA 533 (Continued)
LCS (W4L1095-BS1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 PFNA 57.8 0.55 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130
PFOA 58.4 0.33 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130
PFOS 57.6 0.56 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130
PFPeA 58.4 0.12 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130
PFPeS 60.9 0.12 2.0 ng/l 60.0 102 70-130
PFUnA 58.2 0.34 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 46.0 ng/l 40.0 115 50-200
13C2-6:2 FTS 43.8 ng/l 40.0 110 50-200
13C2-8:2 FTS 40.1 ng/l 40.0 100 50-200
13C2-PFDoA 10.3 ng/l 10.0 103 50-200
13C3-PFBS 11.1 ng/l 10.0 111 50-200
13C3-PFHxS 10.8 ng/l 10.0 108 50-200
13C4-PFBA 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
13C4-PFHpA 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
13C5-PFHxA 10.6 ng/l 10.0 106 50-200
13C5-PFPeA 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
13C6-PFDA 9.78 ng/l 10.0 98 50-200
13C7-PFUnA 10.0 ng/l 10.0 100 50-200
13C8-PFOA 10.6 ng/l 10.0 106 50-200
13C8-PFOS 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
13C9-PFNA 10.1 ng/l 10.0 101 50-200
HFPO-DA-13C3 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
LCS Dup (W4L1095-BSD1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 11Cl-PF3OUdS 59.5 0.20 2.0 ng/l 60.0 99 70-130 3 30
4:2 FTS 51.8 0.43 2.0 ng/l 60.0 86 70-130 6 30
6:2 FTS 58.0 0.25 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130 5 30
8:2 FTS 58.2 0.38 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130 2 30
9Cl-PF3ONS 59.2 0.28 2.0 ng/l 60.0 99 70-130 0.8 30
ADONA 55.8 0.32 2.0 ng/l 60.0 93 70-130 4 30
HFPO-DA 56.8 0.34 2.0 ng/l 60.0 95 70-130 3 30
NFDHA 56.7 0.62 2.0 ng/l 60.0 94 70-130 0.6 30
PFBA 58.5 0.16 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130 3 30
PFBS 58.7 0.35 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130 2 30
PFDA 57.7 0.28 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130 0.02 30
PFDoA 59.5 0.48 2.0 ng/l 60.0 99 70-130 2 30
PFEESA 58.5 0.10 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130 3 30
PFHpA 56.8 0.45 2.0 ng/l 60.0 95 70-130 2 30
PFHpS 59.0 0.40 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130 2 30
4L10061 Page 20 of 22
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Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Quality Control Results (Continued)
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Analyte Result MRL Units
Spike
Level
Source
Result %REC
%REC
Limits RPD
RPD
MDL Limit Qualifier
Batch: W4L1095 - EPA 533 (Continued)
LCS Dup (W4L1095-BSD1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 PFHxA 60.8 0.34 2.0 ng/l 60.0 101 70-130 0.4 30
PFHxS 55.7 0.30 2.0 ng/l 60.0 93 70-130 5 30
PFMBA 55.3 0.23 2.0 ng/l 60.0 92 70-130 4 30
PFMPA 57.2 0.23 2.0 ng/l 60.0 95 70-130 4 30
PFNA 59.6 0.55 2.0 ng/l 60.0 99 70-130 3 30
PFOA 55.9 0.33 2.0 ng/l 60.0 93 70-130 4 30
PFOS 58.7 0.56 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130 2 30
PFPeA 57.8 0.12 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130 1 30
PFPeS 59.2 0.12 2.0 ng/l 60.0 99 70-130 3 30
PFUnA 58.9 0.34 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130 1 30
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 45.7 ng/l 40.0 114 50-200
13C2-6:2 FTS 47.0 ng/l 40.0 117 50-200
13C2-8:2 FTS 44.0 ng/l 40.0 110 50-200
13C2-PFDoA 8.85 ng/l 10.0 89 50-200
13C3-PFBS 11.0 ng/l 10.0 110 50-200
13C3-PFHxS 11.4 ng/l 10.0 114 50-200
13C4-PFBA 9.14 ng/l 10.0 91 50-200
13C4-PFHpA 8.68 ng/l 10.0 87 50-200
13C5-PFHxA 8.46 ng/l 10.0 85 50-200
13C5-PFPeA 9.19 ng/l 10.0 92 50-200
13C6-PFDA 7.64 ng/l 10.0 76 50-200
13C7-PFUnA 8.31 ng/l 10.0 83 50-200
13C8-PFOA 8.48 ng/l 10.0 85 50-200
13C8-PFOS 10.6 ng/l 10.0 106 50-200
13C9-PFNA 7.48 ng/l 10.0 75 50-200
HFPO-DA-13C3 8.59 ng/l 10.0 86 50-200
4L10061 Page 21 of 22
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Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120354
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:13
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
[TOC_1
Notes and Definitions Definiti
Item Definition
J Estimated conc. detected <MRL and >MDL.
%REC Percent Recovery
Dil Dilution
MDL Method Detection Limit
Method Reporting Limit (MRL) is the minimum levels, concentrations, or quantities of a target variable (e.g., target analyte) that can be reported with a specified degree of confidence. The MRL is also known as Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) MRL
NOT DETECTED at or above the Method Reporting Limit (MRL). If Method Detection Limit (MDL) is reported, then ND means not detected at or above the MDL.

ND
RPD Relative Percent Difference
Any remaining sample(s) will be disposed of one month from the final report date unless other arrangements are made in advance.

All results are expressed on wet weight basis unless otherwise specified.

All samples collected by Weck Laboratories have been sampled in accordance to laboratory SOP Number MIS002. 4L10061 Page 22 of 22
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71 Enclosures
Re Lab Order: Z120353 Collected By: TW
Project ID: 7129-LIVE OAK WELL 1A/2A PO/Contract#:

Emilio Flores
City of Yuba City
302 Burns Drive
Yuba City, CA 95991
Dear Emilio Flores:

Tuesday, December 31, 2024
Enclosed are the analytical results for sample(s) received by the laboratory on Thursday, December 05, 2024. Results reported herein conform to the most current NELAC standards, where applicable, unless otherwise narrated in the body of the report.

If you have any questions concerning this report, please feel free to contact me.

Project Manager: Greg Martindale
NELAP/ORELAP Certification 4036 CA-ELAP Certification 1664 12/31/2024 10:13 REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS Page 1 of 6 This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of CALTEST ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 1885 North Kelly Road • Napa, California 94558
(707) 258-4000 • e-mail: [email protected] 72

SAMPLE SUMMARY
Lab Order:

Project ID:

Z120353
7129-LIVE OAK WELL 1A/2A
Lab ID Sample ID Matrix Date Collected Date Received
Z120353001 ZB30727- 1A/2A|5110001_015_015 Drinking Water 12/05/24 08:10 12/05/24 17:05 Z120353002 ZB30735- FB|5110001_015_015 Drinking Water 12/05/24 08:10 12/05/24 17:05 NELAP/ORELAP Certification 4036 CA-ELAP Certification 1664 12/31/2024 10:13 REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS Page 2 of 6 This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of CALTEST ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 1885 North Kelly Road • Napa, California 94558
(707) 258-4000 • e-mail: [email protected] 73

NARRATIVE
Lab Order: Z120353
Project ID: 7129-LIVE OAK WELL 1A/2A
General Qualifiers and Notes
Caltest authorizes this report to be reproduced only in its entirety. Results are specific to the sample(s) as submitted and only to the parameter(s) reported.

Caltest certifies that test results meet California Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program (CA-ELAP) and/or National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program (NELAP) requirements, as applicable, unless stated otherwise.

All analyses performed by EPA Methods or Standard Methods.

Dilution Factors (DF) reported greater than '1' have been used to adjust the result, Reporting Limit (RL), and Method Detection Limit (MDL).

All Solid, sludge, and/or biosolids data is reported in Wet Weight, unless otherwise specified.

Analyses performed at Caltest for pH, Dissolved Oxygen, and Chlorine Residual, as well as laboratory filtrations for Dissolved Metals (excluding Mercury) are not performed within the 15 minute holding time as specified by 40CFR 136.3 table II.

Results Qualifiers: Report fields may contain codes and non-numeric data correlating to one or more of the following definitions:

ND - indicates analytical result has not been detected at or above the Reporting Limit (RL), or at above the Method Detection Limit (MDL) when it is included on the report and is not otherwise noted.

RL - Reporting Limit is the quantitation limit at which the laboratory is able to detect an analyte. An analyte not detected at or above the RL is reported as ND unless otherwise noted or qualified. For analyses pertaining to the State Implementation Plan of the California Toxics Rule, the Caltest Reporting Limit (RL) is equivalent to the Minimum Level (ML). A standard is always run at or below the ML. Where Reporting Limits are elevated due to dilution, the ML calibration criteria has been met.

MDL - The Method Detection Limit is defined as the minimum measured concentration of a substance that can be reported with 99% confidence that the measured concentration is distinguishable from method blank results.

J - reflects estimated analytical result value detected below the Reporting Limit (RL) and above the Method Detection Limit (MDL).

The 'J' flag is equivalent to the DNQ Estimated Concentration flag.

B - indicates the analyte has been detected in the blank associated with the sample.

SS - compound is a Surrogate Spike used per laboratory quality assurance manual.

NOTE: This document represents a complete Analytical Report for the samples referenced herein and should be retained as a permanent record thereof.

NELAP/ORELAP Certification 4036 CA-ELAP Certification 1664 12/31/2024 10:13 REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS Page 3 of 6 This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of CALTEST ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 1885 North Kelly Road • Napa, California 94558
(707) 258-4000 • e-mail: [email protected] 74

ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Lab Order:

Project ID: 7129-LIVE OAK WELL 1A/2A
Z120353
Lab ID Z120353001
Sample ID ZB30727-
1A/2A|5110001_015_015
Date Collected: 12/05/24 08:10
Date Received: 12/05/24 17:05
Matrix: Drinking Water
Parameter Result Units RL MDL DF Prepared Batch Analyzed Batch Qual PFAS by EPA 533
Subcontracted to Weck Laboratory (see attached report)
Lab ID Z120353002
Sample ID ZB30735-
FB|5110001_015_015
Date Collected: 12/05/24 08:10
Date Received: 12/05/24 17:05
Matrix: Drinking Water
Parameter Result Units RL MDL DF Prepared Batch Analyzed Batch Qual PFAS by EPA 533
Subcontracted to Weck Laboratory (see attached report)
NELAP/ORELAP Certification 4036 CA-ELAP Certification 1664 12/31/2024 10:13 REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS Page 4 of 6 This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of CALTEST ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 1885 North Kelly Road • Napa, California 94558
(707) 258-4000 • e-mail: [email protected] 75

QUALITY CONTROL DATA QUALIFIERS
Lab Order: Z120353
Project ID: 7129-LIVE OAK WELL 1A/2A
Quality Control Parameter Qualifiers
Results Qualifiers: Report fields may contain codes and non-numeric data correlating to one or more of the following definitions:

NS - means not spiked and will not have recoveries reported for Analyte Spike Amounts QC Codes Keys: These descriptors are used to help identify the specific QC samples and clarify the report.

MB - Method Blank
Method Blanks are reported to the same Method Detection Limits (MDLs) or Reporting Limits (RLs) as the analytical samples in the corresponding QC batch.

LCS/LCSD - Laboratory Control Spike / Laboratory Control Spike Duplicate DUP - Duplicate of Original Sample Matrix
MS/MSD - Matrix Spike / Matrix Spike Duplicate
RPD - Relative Percent Difference
%Recovery - Spike Recovery stated as a percentage
NELAP/ORELAP Certification 4036 CA-ELAP Certification 1664 12/31/2024 10:13 REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS Page 5 of 6 This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of CALTEST ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 1885 North Kelly Road • Napa, California 94558
(707) 258-4000 • e-mail: [email protected] 76
NELAP/ORELAP Certification 4036 CA-ELAP Certification 1664 12/31/2024 10:13 REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS Page 6 of 6 This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of CALTEST ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 1885 North Kelly Road • Napa, California 94558
(707) 258-4000 • e-mail: [email protected] 77
[TOC_
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Report Date:

Project:

Attn:

Client:

P.O. #:

Fax:

Phones:

Turnaround Time:

Received Date:
12/26/2024
12/10/2024
Normal Z120353
Z120353
Billing Code:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Client Services
Caltest Analytical Laboratory
(707) 258-4000
(707) 226-1001
Work Orders: 4L10060
DoD-ELAP ANAB #ADE-2882 ● DoD-ISO ANAB # ● ELAP-CA #1132 ● EPA-UCMR #CA00211 ● ISO17025 ANAB #L2457.01 ● LACSD #10143 ● NELAP-OR #4047
This is a complete final report. The information in this report applies to the samples analyzed in accordance with the chain-of-custody document. Weck Laboratories certifies that the test results meet all requirements of TNI unless noted by qualifiers or written in the Case Narrative. The report may include analytes that are not currently accreditable by some state agencies or accrediting bodies. This analytical report must be reproduced in its entirety.

Dear Client Services,
Enclosed are the analytical results for the samples submitted under the attached Chain of Custody document. All analyses adhered to the method criteria, except where noted in the case narrative, sample condition checklist, and/or data qualifiers.

Tiffany T. Felix
Reviewed by:

Project Manager
4L10060 Page 1 of 11
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Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120353
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:16
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Condition
Temperature 2.80 C
COC present COC completed properly
COC matches sample labels Wet ice
Blue ice Sample(s) intact
Sample(s) using proper containers Sample(s) have sufficient sample volume Sample(s) received within hold time Sample(s) labels have correct preservation Sample(s) have acceptable pH Sample(s) have acceptable Cl [TOC_1
[TOC_1
Sample Summary
Sample Name Sampled By Lab ID Matrix Sampled Qualifiers Z120353001, Alias: ZB30727-1A/2A, RegID: 4L10060-01 12/05/24 08:10 CA5110001_015_015
TW Water
Z120353002, Alias: ZB30727-1A/2A, RegID: 4L10060-02 12/05/24 08:10 CA5110001_015_015
TW Water
4L10060 Page 2 of 11
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Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120353
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:16
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
[TOC_1
Sample Results
Sample: Z120353001, Alias: ZB30727-1A/2A, RegID: CA5110001_015_015 Sampled: 12/05/24 8:10 by TW 4L10060-01 (Water)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 12:49
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1095 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: rjr 11Cl-PF3OUdS ND 0.17 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
4:2 FTS ND 0.37 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
6:2 FTS ND 0.21 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
8:2 FTS ND 0.32 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
9Cl-PF3ONS ND 0.24 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
ADONA ND 0.27 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
HFPO-DA ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
NFDHA ND 0.53 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFBA 1.4 0.13 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFBS 1.7 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDA ND 0.24 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDoA ND 0.41 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFEESA ND 0.089 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHpA 1.1 0.38 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFHpS ND 0.34 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxA 2.6 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxS 2.5 0.26 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMBA ND 0.19 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMPA ND 0.20 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFNA ND 0.47 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOA 2.8 0.28 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOS 2.7 0.48 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeA 3.0 0.10 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeS 0.49 0.11 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24 J
PFUnA ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 115% Conc: 39.1 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-6:2 FTS 110% Conc: 37.5 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-8:2 FTS 109% Conc: 36.9 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-PFDoA 101% Conc: 8.57 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFBS 115% Conc: 9.80 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFHxS 119% Conc: 10.1 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFBA 110% Conc: 9.34 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFHpA 103% Conc: 8.78 50-200 12/17/24
4L10060 Page 3 of 11
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Project Number:

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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120353
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:16
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120353001, Alias: ZB30727-1A/2A, RegID: CA5110001_015_015 Sampled: 12/05/24 8:10 by TW 4L10060-01 (Water)
(Continued)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 12:49
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1095 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: rjr 13C5-PFHxA 107% Conc: 9.09 50-200 12/17/24
13C5-PFPeA 111% Conc: 9.42 50-200 12/17/24
13C6-PFDA 100% Conc: 8.54 50-200 12/17/24
13C7-PFUnA 98% Conc: 8.33 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOA 100% Conc: 8.53 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOS 109% Conc: 9.27 50-200 12/17/24
13C9-PFNA 99% Conc: 8.38 50-200 12/17/24
HFPO-DA-13C3 101% Conc: 8.63 50-200 12/17/24
4L10060 Page 4 of 11
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Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120353
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:16
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120353002, Alias: ZB30727-1A/2A, RegID: CA5110001_015_015 Sampled: 12/05/24 8:10 by TW 4L10060-02 (Water)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 12:49
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1095 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: rjr 11Cl-PF3OUdS ND 0.17 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
4:2 FTS ND 0.37 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
6:2 FTS ND 0.22 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
8:2 FTS ND 0.33 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
9Cl-PF3ONS ND 0.25 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
ADONA ND 0.28 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
HFPO-DA ND 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
NFDHA ND 0.54 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFBA ND 0.14 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFBS ND 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDA ND 0.24 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFDoA ND 0.42 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFEESA ND 0.091 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHpA ND 0.39 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHpS ND 0.35 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxA ND 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFHxS ND 0.27 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMBA ND 0.20 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFMPA ND 0.20 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFNA ND 0.48 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOA ND 0.29 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFOS ND 0.49 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeA ND 0.10 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFPeS ND 0.11 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
PFUnA ND 0.30 1.7 ng/l 1 12/17/24
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 111% Conc: 38.6 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-6:2 FTS 109% Conc: 38.0 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-8:2 FTS 99% Conc: 34.4 50-200 12/17/24
13C2-PFDoA 106% Conc: 9.21 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFBS 111% Conc: 9.66 50-200 12/17/24
13C3-PFHxS 109% Conc: 9.46 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFBA 112% Conc: 9.80 50-200 12/17/24
13C4-PFHpA 106% Conc: 9.27 50-200 12/17/24
4L10060 Page 5 of 11
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Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Sample Results (Continued)
Sample: Z120353002, Alias: ZB30727-1A/2A, RegID: CA5110001_015_015 Sampled: 12/05/24 8:10 by TW 4L10060-02 (Water)
(Continued)
Analyte Result MDL MRL Units Dil Analyzed Qualifier
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Method: EPA 533
Prepared: 12/13/24 12:49
Instr: LCMS06
Batch ID: W4L1095 Preparation: EPA 533/SPE Analyst: rjr 13C5-PFHxA 109% Conc: 9.50 50-200 12/17/24
13C5-PFPeA 111% Conc: 9.70 50-200 12/17/24
13C6-PFDA 108% Conc: 9.40 50-200 12/17/24
13C7-PFUnA 105% Conc: 9.17 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOA 107% Conc: 9.28 50-200 12/17/24
13C8-PFOS 104% Conc: 9.10 50-200 12/17/24
13C9-PFNA 110% Conc: 9.55 50-200 12/17/24
HFPO-DA-13C3 96% Conc: 8.39 50-200 12/17/24
4L10060 Page 6 of 11
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Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120353
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:16
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
[TOC_1
Quality Control Results Results
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS Analyte Result MRL Units
Spike
Level
Source
Result %REC
%REC
Limits RPD
RPD
MDL Limit Qualifier
Batch: W4L1095 - EPA 533
Blank (W4L1095-BLK1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 11Cl-PF3OUdS ND 0.20 2.0 ng/l
4:2 FTS ND 0.43 2.0 ng/l
6:2 FTS ND 0.25 2.0 ng/l
8:2 FTS ND 0.38 2.0 ng/l
9Cl-PF3ONS ND 0.28 2.0 ng/l
ADONA ND 0.32 2.0 ng/l
HFPO-DA ND 0.34 2.0 ng/l
NFDHA ND 0.62 2.0 ng/l
PFBA ND 0.16 2.0 ng/l
PFBS ND 0.35 2.0 ng/l
PFDA ND 0.28 2.0 ng/l
PFDoA ND 0.48 2.0 ng/l
PFEESA ND 0.10 2.0 ng/l
PFHpA ND 0.45 2.0 ng/l
PFHpS ND 0.40 2.0 ng/l
PFHxA ND 0.34 2.0 ng/l
PFHxS ND 0.30 2.0 ng/l
PFMBA ND 0.23 2.0 ng/l
PFMPA ND 0.23 2.0 ng/l
PFNA ND 0.55 2.0 ng/l
PFOA ND 0.33 2.0 ng/l
PFOS ND 0.56 2.0 ng/l
PFPeA ND 0.12 2.0 ng/l
PFPeS ND 0.12 2.0 ng/l
PFUnA ND 0.34 2.0 ng/l
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 44.4 ng/l 40.0 111 50-200
13C2-6:2 FTS 44.2 ng/l 40.0 111 50-200
13C2-8:2 FTS 43.1 ng/l 40.0 108 50-200
13C2-PFDoA 10.6 ng/l 10.0 106 50-200
13C3-PFBS 11.5 ng/l 10.0 115 50-200
13C3-PFHxS 12.0 ng/l 10.0 120 50-200
13C4-PFBA 11.2 ng/l 10.0 112 50-200
13C4-PFHpA 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
13C5-PFHxA 10.8 ng/l 10.0 108 50-200
13C5-PFPeA 11.3 ng/l 10.0 113 50-200
13C6-PFDA 10.2 ng/l 10.0 102 50-200
13C7-PFUnA 10.1 ng/l 10.0 101 50-200
13C8-PFOA 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
4L10060 Page 7 of 11
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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120353
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:16
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Quality Control Results (Continued)
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Analyte Result MRL Units
Spike
Level
Source
Result %REC
%REC
Limits RPD
RPD
MDL Limit Qualifier
Batch: W4L1095 - EPA 533 (Continued)
Blank (W4L1095-BLK1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 Surrogate(s)
13C8-PFOS 11.0 ng/l 10.0 110 50-200
13C9-PFNA 10.3 ng/l 10.0 103 50-200
HFPO-DA-13C3 10.6 ng/l 10.0 106 50-200
LCS (W4L1095-BS1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 11Cl-PF3OUdS 57.5 0.20 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130
4:2 FTS 48.7 0.43 2.0 ng/l 60.0 81 70-130
6:2 FTS 60.7 0.25 2.0 ng/l 60.0 101 70-130
8:2 FTS 59.6 0.38 2.0 ng/l 60.0 99 70-130
9Cl-PF3ONS 58.7 0.28 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130
ADONA 57.9 0.32 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130
HFPO-DA 58.8 0.34 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130
NFDHA 57.0 0.62 2.0 ng/l 60.0 95 70-130
PFBA 60.2 0.16 2.0 ng/l 60.0 100 70-130
PFBS 57.6 0.35 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130
PFDA 57.7 0.28 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130
PFDoA 60.7 0.48 2.0 ng/l 60.0 101 70-130
PFEESA 56.9 0.10 2.0 ng/l 60.0 95 70-130
PFHpA 58.0 0.45 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130
PFHpS 57.6 0.40 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130
PFHxA 60.6 0.34 2.0 ng/l 60.0 101 70-130
PFHxS 58.3 0.30 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130
PFMBA 57.3 0.23 2.0 ng/l 60.0 95 70-130
PFMPA 59.7 0.23 2.0 ng/l 60.0 100 70-130
PFNA 57.8 0.55 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130
PFOA 58.4 0.33 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130
PFOS 57.6 0.56 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130
PFPeA 58.4 0.12 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130
PFPeS 60.9 0.12 2.0 ng/l 60.0 102 70-130
PFUnA 58.2 0.34 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 46.0 ng/l 40.0 115 50-200
13C2-6:2 FTS 43.8 ng/l 40.0 110 50-200
13C2-8:2 FTS 40.1 ng/l 40.0 100 50-200
13C2-PFDoA 10.3 ng/l 10.0 103 50-200
13C3-PFBS 11.1 ng/l 10.0 111 50-200
13C3-PFHxS 10.8 ng/l 10.0 108 50-200
13C4-PFBA 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
13C4-PFHpA 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
4L10060 Page 8 of 11
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Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120353
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:16
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Quality Control Results (Continued)
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Analyte Result MRL Units
Spike
Level
Source
Result %REC
%REC
Limits RPD
RPD
MDL Limit Qualifier
Batch: W4L1095 - EPA 533 (Continued)
LCS (W4L1095-BS1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 Surrogate(s)
13C5-PFHxA 10.6 ng/l 10.0 106 50-200
13C5-PFPeA 10.9 ng/l 10.0 109 50-200
13C6-PFDA 9.78 ng/l 10.0 98 50-200
13C7-PFUnA 10.0 ng/l 10.0 100 50-200
13C8-PFOA 10.6 ng/l 10.0 106 50-200
13C8-PFOS 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
13C9-PFNA 10.1 ng/l 10.0 101 50-200
HFPO-DA-13C3 10.7 ng/l 10.0 107 50-200
LCS Dup (W4L1095-BSD1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 11Cl-PF3OUdS 59.5 0.20 2.0 ng/l 60.0 99 70-130 3 30
4:2 FTS 51.8 0.43 2.0 ng/l 60.0 86 70-130 6 30
6:2 FTS 58.0 0.25 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130 5 30
8:2 FTS 58.2 0.38 2.0 ng/l 60.0 97 70-130 2 30
9Cl-PF3ONS 59.2 0.28 2.0 ng/l 60.0 99 70-130 0.8 30
ADONA 55.8 0.32 2.0 ng/l 60.0 93 70-130 4 30
HFPO-DA 56.8 0.34 2.0 ng/l 60.0 95 70-130 3 30
NFDHA 56.7 0.62 2.0 ng/l 60.0 94 70-130 0.6 30
PFBA 58.5 0.16 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130 3 30
PFBS 58.7 0.35 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130 2 30
PFDA 57.7 0.28 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130 0.02 30
PFDoA 59.5 0.48 2.0 ng/l 60.0 99 70-130 2 30
PFEESA 58.5 0.10 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130 3 30
PFHpA 56.8 0.45 2.0 ng/l 60.0 95 70-130 2 30
PFHpS 59.0 0.40 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130 2 30
PFHxA 60.8 0.34 2.0 ng/l 60.0 101 70-130 0.4 30
PFHxS 55.7 0.30 2.0 ng/l 60.0 93 70-130 5 30
PFMBA 55.3 0.23 2.0 ng/l 60.0 92 70-130 4 30
PFMPA 57.2 0.23 2.0 ng/l 60.0 95 70-130 4 30
PFNA 59.6 0.55 2.0 ng/l 60.0 99 70-130 3 30
PFOA 55.9 0.33 2.0 ng/l 60.0 93 70-130 4 30
PFOS 58.7 0.56 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130 2 30
PFPeA 57.8 0.12 2.0 ng/l 60.0 96 70-130 1 30
PFPeS 59.2 0.12 2.0 ng/l 60.0 99 70-130 3 30
PFUnA 58.9 0.34 2.0 ng/l 60.0 98 70-130 1 30
Surrogate(s)
13C2-4:2 FTS 45.7 ng/l 40.0 114 50-200
13C2-6:2 FTS 47.0 ng/l 40.0 117 50-200
13C2-8:2 FTS 44.0 ng/l 40.0 110 50-200
4L10060 Page 9 of 11
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Project Number:

Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120353
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:16
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
Quality Control Results (Continued)
Per- and Polyflourinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) by LC-MS/MS (Continued) Analyte Result MRL Units
Spike
Level
Source
Result %REC
%REC
Limits RPD
RPD
MDL Limit Qualifier
Batch: W4L1095 - EPA 533 (Continued)
LCS Dup (W4L1095-BSD1) Prepared: 12/13/24 Analyzed: 12/17/24 Surrogate(s)
13C2-PFDoA 8.85 ng/l 10.0 89 50-200
13C3-PFBS 11.0 ng/l 10.0 110 50-200
13C3-PFHxS 11.4 ng/l 10.0 114 50-200
13C4-PFBA 9.14 ng/l 10.0 91 50-200
13C4-PFHpA 8.68 ng/l 10.0 87 50-200
13C5-PFHxA 8.46 ng/l 10.0 85 50-200
13C5-PFPeA 9.19 ng/l 10.0 92 50-200
13C6-PFDA 7.64 ng/l 10.0 76 50-200
13C7-PFUnA 8.31 ng/l 10.0 83 50-200
13C8-PFOA 8.48 ng/l 10.0 85 50-200
13C8-PFOS 10.6 ng/l 10.0 106 50-200
13C9-PFNA 7.48 ng/l 10.0 75 50-200
HFPO-DA-13C3 8.59 ng/l 10.0 86 50-200
4L10060 Page 10 of 11
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Project Manager:

Caltest Analytical Laboratory Reported:
1885 North Kelly Road
Napa, CA 94558
Z120353
Client Services
12/26/2024 11:16
Certificate of Analysis

FINAL REPORT
[TOC_1
Notes and Definitions Definiti
Item Definition
J Estimated conc. detected <MRL and >MDL.
%REC Percent Recovery
Dil Dilution
MDL Method Detection Limit
Method Reporting Limit (MRL) is the minimum levels, concentrations, or quantities of a target variable (e.g., target analyte) that can be reported with a specified degree of confidence. The MRL is also known as Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) MRL
NOT DETECTED at or above the Method Reporting Limit (MRL). If Method Detection Limit (MDL) is reported, then ND means not detected at or above the MDL.

ND
RPD Relative Percent Difference
Any remaining sample(s) will be disposed of one month from the final report date unless other arrangements are made in advance.

All results are expressed on wet weight basis unless otherwise specified.

All samples collected by Weck Laboratories have been sampled in accordance to laboratory SOP Number MIS002. 4L10060 Page 11 of 11
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89 `
Are PFAS safe?
Research is ongoing to determine how exposure to different PFAS can lead to a variety of health effects. Studies have shown that exposure to certain levels of PFAS may lead to:

Cancer Effects
Increased risk of
some cancers,
including prostate,
kidney, and testicular
cancers.

Weight Effects
Increased
cholesterol levels
and/or risk of
obesity.

Immune Effects
Reduced ability of
the body’s immune
system to fight
infections.

Developmental
Effects
Low birth weight,
accelerated puberty,
bone variations, or
behavioral changes.

Reproductive Effects
Decreased fertility or
increased high blood
pressure in pregnant
women.

The more we learn about PFAS chemicals, the more we learn that certain PFAS can cause health risks even at very low levels. This is why anything we can do to reduce PFAS in water, soil, and air, can have a meaningful impact on health. EPA is taking action to reduce PFAS in water and in the environment. You can also take action if you remain concerned about your own risk.

PFAS Explained:

Scientific studies have shown that exposure to some PFAS in the environment is linked to harmful health effects in humans and animals.

What are PFAS?
PFAS are manufactured chemicals that have been used in industry and consumer products since the 1940s.

Because of their widespread use and their persistence in the environment, many PFAS are found in the blood of people and animals all over the world.

There are thousands of different PFAS, some of which have been more widely used and studied than others.

Read on to learn where PFAS are coming from, and how EPA is taking action on PFAS. 1 90 `
Most people in the United States have been exposed to some PFAS. People can be exposed to PFAS by touching, drinking, eating, or breathing in materials containing PFAS. PFAS may be present in:

Drinking Water
Drinking water
contaminated by other
sources of PFAS.

Waste Sites
Soil and water at or near
landfills, disposal sites,
and hazardous waste
sites.

Fire Extinguishing Foam
Used in training and
emergency response
events at airports and
firefighting training
facilities.

Facilities
Chrome plating,
electronics, and certain
textile and paper
manufacturers that
produce or use PFAS.

Consumer Products
Stain- or water-repellent, or
non-stick products, paints,
sealants, and some
personal care products.

Food Packaging
Grease-resistant paper,
microwave popcorn bags,
pizza boxes, and candy
wrappers.

Biosolids
Fertilizer from wastewater
treatment plants used on
agricultural lands can affect
ground and surface water.

Food
Fish caught from water
contaminated by PFAS and
dairy productsfrom
livestock exposed to PFAS.

Very little of the PFAS in water can get into your body through your skin, so, showering, bathing, and washing dishesin water containing PFAS are unlikely to significantly increase your risk.

EPA'sresearchers and partners acrossthe country are working hard to understand how much PFAS people are exposed to and how.

Keep reading to find out how EPA is taking action on PFAS.

Where Are PFAS Found?
2 91
`
Research Invest in research, development, and innovation Restrict Prevent PFAS from entering air, land, and water Remediate Broaden and accelerate the cleanup of PFAS contamination Began distributing $10 billion in funding to address emerging contaminants such as PFAS under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL).

Finalized legally enforceable standards for six PFAS substances in drinking water.

Designated two PFAS as CERCLA hazardoussubstances.

Finalized rules to significantly enhance data on PFAS uses and releases.

EPA Is Taking Action to Address PFAS
In October 2021, EPA released its PFAS Strategic Roadmap, which highlights concrete actions the Agency will take across a range of environmental media and EPA program offices to protect people and the environment from PFAS contamination. The Roadmap is guided by three primary goals:

Since the Roadmap’s release, EPA hastaken a number
of key actions including:

Turn the page to learn more about what actions you can take.

To learn more about the PFAS Strategic Roadmap and key
actionstaken by EPA scan the QR code.
3 92
`
Contact your drinking water utility:

People who are concerned about PFAS in their drinking water should first contact their drinking water utility to find out more about their drinking water, including if the utility is monitoring for PFAS, what contaminants may be present, what the levels are, and to see whether any actions are being taken to reduce exposure.

If you remain concerned after talking to
your utility, then consider using or installing
in-home water treatment (e.g., filters) that
is certified to lower the levels of PFAS in
your water and/or contact your health care
provider as well as your state or local health
department.

If You Are Concerned about PFAS
in Your Drinking Water:

Scan this code
for more
information
about water
filters that help
reduce PFAS:
1 3
2 Finally, if you get your water from a home drinking water well, then EPA recommends you conduct regular testing. If PFAS are found, you can take steps to lower the levels of PFAS including using or installing in-home water treatment.

Scan this code for more information about the PFAS drinking water rule:

EPA makes frequent updates to its website. To learn more about PFAS go to https://www.epa.gov/pfas.
4 93
2022 & 2024
DDW Order -
PFAS Occurrence
Level Exceedances
in Public Water
System Wells
>Federal
MCL
> Response
Level
> Notification
Level
Detects
(CCRDL)
2022 & 2024
ORDER
PFOA 25% 20% 9% 20%
PFOS 31% 23% 3% 17%
PFHxS 32% 31% 4% 9%
PFBS 24% 0% 0% 0%
MCLs:

PFOA and PFOS = 4 ng/L
PFHxS = 10 ng/L
n=2,253; data collected in 2024
94 0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100% PFHxS PFOS PFOA PFPeA PFBS PFHxA PFBA PFHpA PFPeS PFNA PFDA 6:2 FTS PFHpS 4:2 FTS 8:2 FTS PFUnDA NMeFOSAA NEtFOSAA PFDoDA PFTrDA PFTeDA HFPO-DA ADONA PFMPA PFMBA NFDHA 11-Cl-PF3OUdS 9-Cl-PF3ONS PFEESA AOF TFA _Ultrashort TFMS_Ultrashort PFEtS_Ultrashort PFPrS_Ultrashort PFPrA_Ultrashort BisTrif _Solfonomide PF6_Lithium Salt

PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM WELLS - BY WELL
PFAS PERCENT DETECTED in 2024 (as of Decemeber 7, 2024) %Detected _ 2022 Order %Detected _ 2024 Order
95 2020
PFAS – Frequently Asked
Questions

SWRCB - DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
UPDATED: 3/19/2020
96 1
PFOA/PFAS FAQ [updated: 3/19/2020]
Table of Contents
Contents
Table of Contents..............................................................................................................1 BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................3 What are per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)?.................................................3 How are people exposed to PFOA, PFOS and other PFAS?.........................................3 Where are PFOA, PFOS and other PFAS found in the environment?...........................4 How does PFAS get into drinking water?.......................................................................4 Are PFAS still being produced in the United States?.....................................................4 References.....................................................................................................................5 HEALTH EFFECTS...........................................................................................................7 How can PFAS affect people’s health?..........................................................................7 Are PFAS found in people?............................................................................................7 References.....................................................................................................................8 REGULATORY .................................................................................................................8 What are the per-and polyfluroalkyl substances (PFAS) safe drinking water levels?.....8 What is California doing? ...............................................................................................9 California State Water Board – Division of Drinking Water.........................................9 California State Water Board – Division of Water Quality .........................................10 California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment................................10 Department of Toxic Substances Control .................................................................10 California Air Resources Board.................................................................................10 California Department of Public Health - Biomonitoring............................................11 DRINKING WATER.........................................................................................................11 What is a notification level?..........................................................................................11 What is a response level?............................................................................................11 What is a public health goal? .......................................................................................12 What is a maximum contaminant level?.......................................................................12 How do we establish maximum contaminant levels?...................................................12 PFOA and PFOS Notification Levels:..............................................................................12 Testing in California Drinking Water.............................................................................13 97 2
PFOA/PFAS FAQ [updated: 3/19/2020]
Testing Methods in California Drinking Water..............................................................13 If a water system detects PFOA or PFOS in the source water, what is required to be done?...........................................................................................................................14 How will results of the PFAS sampling be made public? .............................................14 PFAS LABORATORY TESTING & SAMPLING..............................................................14 What are the testing methods for PFAS?.....................................................................14 Are labs accredited by the California Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program to test for PFAS?..........................................................................................................15 What sample containers or other materials will I need for testing? ..............................15 As a public water system customer, how can I sample my water for PFAS?...............15 References...................................................................................................................16 TREATMENT & REMEDIATION .....................................................................................16 What treatment techniques are used to reduce per- and polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) levels in drinking water?.........................................................................................................16 Treatment & Remediation Table ..................................................................................18 98 3
PFOA/PFAS FAQ [updated: 3/19/2020]

BACKGROUND
What are per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)?
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of human-made substances that do not occur naturally in the environment and are resistant to heat, water, and oil. PFAS have been used extensively in surface coating and protectant formulations due to their unique ability to reduce the surface tension of liquids [1].

Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are two types of PFAS that are no longer manufactured or imported into the United States [2]; however, there could be some imported goods containing trace amounts of these substances[3].

Other PFAS goods and materials are still produced and used in the United States [4].

PFAS are persistent in the environment, can accumulate within the human body over time, and are toxic at relatively low concentrations [5]. Exposure to unsafe levels of PFOA/PFOS may result in adverse health effects including developmental effects to fetuses during pregnancy, cancer, liver effects, immune effects, thyroid effects, and other effects (such as cholesterol changes)[6]. PFOA and PFOS were found in the blood of nearly all people tested in several national surveys[7], [8]. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), blood levels of both PFOS and PFOA have steadily decreased in U.S. residents since 1999-2000[9].

How are people exposed to PFOA, PFOS and other PFAS?
PFAS can be introduced into the body by eating or drinking contaminated food or liquid (including water), breathing in or touching products treated with PFAS, such as carpets or clothing [10]. Exposure to PFOA and PFOS is generally dominated by the ingestion of food [11]. Food can be contaminated by the migration of PFAS from packaging [12], and some foods such as fish, meat, eggs and leafy vegetables may contain PFAS due to bioaccumulation and crop uptake [13].Contaminated drinking water has led to high levels of exposure to PFOA, PFOS, and other PFAS for some populations residing near manufacturing facilities[14]. Workers in facilities that make or use PFAS can be exposed to higher amounts of these chemicals and have higher levels in their blood [15].

Infants may be exposed to PFAS through breastfeeding [16]. However, the benefits of breastfeeding are well known and generally outweigh potential risks from transfer of chemicals [17], but you can talk with your doctor if you have concerns. 99 4
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Where are PFOA, PFOS and other PFAS found in the environment? PFAS, especially PFOS and PFOA, have been detected in air, water, and soil in and around manufacturing facilities; however, these releases have been declining since companies began phasing out the production and use of several PFAS in the early 2000s[18].Due to their chemical structure, PFAS are very stable in the environment and are resistant to breaking down.

Some PFAS are volatile and can be carried long distances through the air, which may lead to contamination of soils and groundwater far from the source of the PFAS emission [19]. PFAS have been detected in many parts of the world, including oceans and the Arctic, indicating that long-range transport is possible[20].

How does PFAS get into drinking water?
The four major sources of PFAS are: fire training/fire response sites, industrial sites, landfills, and wastewater treatment plants/biosolids[10].PFAS can get into drinking water when products containing them are used or spilled onto the ground or into lakes and rivers[21]. Once in groundwater, PFAS are easily transported large distances and can contaminate drinking wells [10]. PFAS in the air can also end up in rivers and lakes used for drinking water[10]. Additional information regarding the fate and transport of PFAS in the environment may be found on the Interstate Technology Regulatory Council.

Are PFAS still being produced in the United States?
PFAS have been used extensively in surface coating and protectant formulations due to their unique ability to repel oil, grease and water. Major applications have included protectants for paper and cardboard packaging products, carpets, leather products, and textiles that enhance water, grease, and soil repellency, and in firefighting foams[22].

PFAS have also been used as processing aids in the manufacture of nonstick coatings on cookware[22].

Under the PFOA Stewardship Program with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), eight major PFAS producers have phased out PFOA and other PFAS substances from emissions and products[2]. However, manufacturers are developing replacement technologies in the PFAS family by substituting longer-chain substances with shorter-chain substances such as GenX and ADONA [23]. While less information is available for these shorter-chain substances, studies have shown that they behave in a similar toxicological manner as their longer-chain counterparts [24], [25]. Due to the wide range of chemicals within the PFAS family and the observed similarities in their toxic mode-of-action, efforts are underway to calculate relative potency estimates for chemicals within the PFAS class in order to better inform regulation [26].

To complement the PFOA Stewardship Program, US EPA has issued regulations, known as Significant New Use Rules (SNURs), requiring manufacturers and processors of these chemicals to notify US EPA of new uses of these chemicals before they are commercialized[27]. Specifically, the regulations require that anyone who intends to manufacture (including import) or process any chemicals for uses contained in the SNUR must submit a notification to US EPA at least 90 days before beginning the activity[27]. 100
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This provides US EPA with an opportunity to review and, if necessary, place limits on manufacturers or processors who intend to reintroduce or import products with these chemicals.

References
[1] T. H. Begley, K. White, P. Honigfort, M. L. Twaroski, R. Neches, and R. A.

Walker, “Perfluorochemicals: Potential sources of and migration from food packaging,” Food Addit. Contam., vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 1023–1031, Oct. 2005. [2] US EPA, “PFOA Stewardship Program Docket ID NumberEPA-HQ-OPPT2006- 0621. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.,” 2006. [3] 3M Company, “Fluorochemical use, distribution and release overview.,” AR226-0550, 1999.
[4] H. Lee, J. D’eon, and S. A. Mabury, “Biodegradation of Polyfluoroalkyl Phosphates as a Source of Perfluorinated Acids to the Environment,” Environ.

Sci. Technol., vol. 44, no. 9, pp. 3305–3310, May 2010. [5] Z. Wang, J. C. DeWitt, C. P. Higgins, and I. T. Cousins, “A Never-Ending Story of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)?,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 2508–2518, Mar. 2017. ATSDR, “Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls, Draft for Public Comment,” 2018.
[6] A. M. Calafat, L.-Y. Wong, Z. Kuklenyik, J. A. Reidy, and L. L. Needham, “Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals in the U.S. Population: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004 and Comparisons with NHANES 1999–2000,” Environ. Health Perspect., vol. 115, no. 11, pp. 1596– 1602, Nov. 2007.
[7] J. M. Graber et al., “Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) blood levels after contamination of a community water supply and comparison with 2013– 2014 NHANES,” J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 172–182, Mar. 2019.
[8] CDC, “National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals,” 2019.
[9] E. M. Sunderland, X. C. Hu, C. Dassuncao, A. K. Tokranov, C. C. Wagner, and J. G. Allen, “A review of the pathways of human exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and present understanding of healtheffects,” J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 131–147, Mar. 2019. [10] L. S. Haug, S. Huber, G. Becher, and C. Thomsen, “Characterisation of human exposure pathways to perfluorinated compounds — Comparing exposure estimates with biomarkers of exposure,” Environ. Int., vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 687–693, May 2011.
[11] L. A. Schaider et al., “Fluorinated compounds in US fast food packaging,” Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 105–111, 2017. [12] H. Zhang, R. Vestergren, T. Wang, J. Yu, G. Jiang, and D. Herzke, “Geographical Differences in Dietary Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Acids between Manufacturing and Application Regions in China,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 5747–5755, 2017.
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[13] X. C. Hu et al., “Detection of poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in US drinking water linked to industrial sites, military fire training areas, and wastewater treatment plants,” Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett., vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 344–350, 2016.
[14] F. A. Ubel, S. D. Sorenson, and D. E. Roach, “Health status of plant workers exposed to fluorochemicals - a preliminary report,” Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc.

J., vol. 41, no. 8, pp. 584–589, Aug. 1980.
[15] P. Grandjean et al., “Estimated exposures to perfluorinated compounds in infancy predict attenuated vaccine antibody concentrations at age 5-years,” J.

Immunotoxicol., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 188–195, Jan. 2017. [16] M. N. Mead, “Contaminants in Human Milk: Weighing the Risks against the Benefits of Breastfeeding,” Environ. Health Perspect., vol. 116, no. 10, Oct.2008. [17] J. M. Armitage, M. MacLeod, and I. T. Cousins, “Modeling the Global Fate and Transport of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctanoate (PFO) Emitted from Direct Sources Using a Multispecies Mass Balance Model,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 1134–1140, Feb. 2009. M. F.

Rahman, S. Peldszus, and W. B. Anderson, “Behavior and fate of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in drinking water treatment: A review,” Water Res., vol. 50, pp. 318–340, Mar. 2014. [18] F. Wong et al., “Assessing temporal trends and source regions of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in air under the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP),” Atmos. Environ., vol. 172, pp. 65–73, Jan. 2018.
[19] E. Hepburn, C. Madden, D. Szabo, T. L. Coggan, B. Clarke, and M. Currell, “Contamination of groundwater with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from legacy landfills in an urban re-development precinct,” Environ. Pollut., vol. 248, pp. 101–113, May 2019.
[20] E. Kissa, Fluorinated surfactants and repellents, vol. 97. CRC Press,2001. [21] R. Renner, “The long and the short of perfluorinated replacements,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 12–13, Jan. 2006. [22] S. C. Gordon, “Toxicological evaluation of ammonium 4,8-dioxa-3Hperfluorononanoate, a new emulsifier to replace ammonium perfluorooctanoate in fluoropolymer manufacturing,” Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol., vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 64–80, 2011.
[23] Z. Wang, I. T. Cousins, M. Scheringer, and K. Hungerbuehler, “Hazard assessment of fluorinated alternatives to long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and their precursors: Status quo, ongoing challenges and possible solutions,” Environ. Int., vol. 75, pp. 172–179, Feb. 2015.
[24] J. Lijzen, “Mixture exposure to PFAS: A Relative Potency Factor approach,” National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM Report 2018-0070.
[25] USEPA, “Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonates; Significant New Use Rule,” Fed.

Regist., vol. 67, no. 236, pp. 72854–72867, 2002.
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HEALTH EFFECTS
How can PFAS affect people’s health?
Laboratory studies in animals who were exposed to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) found links between the chemicals and increased cholesterol, changes in the body’s hormones, alterations of the immunologic system, decreased fertility, increased risk of cancer (especially kidney and testicular), low birth weight, delayed puberty onset, and birth defects[1].

Since humans and animals react differently to PFAS, not all effects observed in animals may occur in humans. Although many epidemiology studies have examined the potential of PFAS to result in adverse health effects, most of the studies are cross- sectional in design and do not establish causality. Based on several factors outlined in the report of PFAS by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) including the consistency of findings across studies, the available epidemiology studies suggest associations between PFAS exposure and several health outcomes in humans [1]:
· Pregnancy-induced hypertension/pre-eclampsia (PFOA, PFOS) · Liver damage, as evidenced by increases in serum enzymes and decreases in serum bilirubin levels (PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS) · Increases in serum lipids, particularly total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, PFDeA) · Increased risk of thyroid disease (PFOA, PFOS)
· Decreased antibody response to vaccines (PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, PFDeA)
· Increased risk of asthma diagnosis (PFOA)
· Increased risk of decreased fertility (PFOA, PFOS)
· Small decreases in birth weight (PFOA, PFOS)
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified PFOA as possibly carcinogenic (causing cancer) to humans [2], but it has not evaluated whether other PFAS may also cause cancer. The Department of Health and Human Services has not yet evaluated whether PFOA and other PFAS can cause cancer.

In August 2019, the Office of Health Hazard and Assessment (OEHHA) developed PFOA reference levels in drinking water associated with pancreatic and liver tumors. The level of 0.1 ng/L (nanogram/liter) or parts per trillion (ppt) represents the concentration of PFOA in drinking water that would not pose more than a one in one million cancer risk.

OEHHA developed PFOS reference levels in drinking water associated with liver tumors.

The level of 0.4 ng/L (nanogram/liter) or parts per trillion (ppt) represents the concentration of PFOS in drinking water that would not pose more than a one in one million cancer risk.

Are PFAS found in people?
CDC scientists measured PFAS in the blood serum (the clear portion of blood) of 98% of participants aged 12 years and older who took part in the National Health and Nutrition 103
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Examination Survey (NHANES) since 1999, indicating widespread exposure to PFAS in the U.S. population [3]. Median PFOA serum levels of 45,276 non- occupationally exposed individuals residing in southeastern Ohio and West Virginia who were exposed to PFOA via contaminated drinking water were approximately 6 times greater than the median concentration of the general population [3], [4].

Due in large part to the phasing out of certain PFAS compounds by the US EPA’s PFOA Stewardship Program [5], serum levels of PFOA and PFOS in the general population of the United States have decreased dramatically in recent years [3]. For example, the geometric mean concentrations of PFOA and PFOS in the general population were 5.2 and 30.4 micrograms per liter (or parts per billion, ppb), respectively, in 1999–2000, but have decreased to 1.56 ppb (PFOA) and 4.72 ppb (PFOS) in 2015–2016 [3].

Learn more about the US EPA’s actions on PFAS at https://www.epa.gov/pfas. Learn more about the California State Water Board’s actions on PFAS at https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/pfas/.

References
[1] ATSDR, “Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls, Draft for Public Comment,” 2018.
[2] IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer, “Perfluorooctanoic acid.

Volume 110.,” Lyon, France: World Health Organization.
[3] CDC, “National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals,” 2019.
[4] H.-M. Shin et al., “Environmental Fate and Transport Modeling for Perfluorooctanoic Acid Emitted from the Washington Works Facility in West Virginia,” Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 1435–1442, Feb.2011. [5] US EPA, “PFOA Stewardship Program Docket ID NumberEPA-HQ-OPPT2006- 0621. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.,” 2006. 1 Out of 12 PFAS measured, four PFAS (PFOS or perfluorooctanesulfonate, PFOA or perfluorooctanoic acid, PFHxS or perfluorohexane sulfonic acid, and PFNA or perfluorononanoic acid) had detection frequencies in serum of greater than 98% of people tested.

REGULATORY
What are the per-and polyfluroalkyl substances (PFAS) safe drinking water levels?
In May 2016, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) issued a lifetime health advisory (LHA) for PFOA and PFOS in drinking water, advising municipalities that they should notify their customers of the presence of levels over 70 nanograms per liter (or parts per trillion) in community water supplies. The LHA is the level, or amount, calculated to offer a margin of protection against adverse health effects to the most sensitive populations. The LHA level is 70 (ppt) for PFOA and PFOS individually or combined. Currently, the US EPA has not set health advisory levels for the other PFAS chemicals.
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In June 2018, the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) recommended interim notification levels for PFOA (based on liver toxicity, as well as cancer risks) and for PFOS (based on immunotoxicity). OEHHA made these recommendations following its review of currently available health-based advisories and standards and supporting documentation. After independent review of the available information on the risks, the California State Water Resources Control Board’s Division of Drinking Water (DDW) established interim notification levels.

In August 2019, OEHHA provided updated information on health-impacts. Based on this updated information, DDW established notification levels at concentrations of 6.5 ppt for PFOS and 5.1 ppt for PFOA, consistent with OEHHA’s recommendations.

What is California doing?
A summary of California regulatory agency’s actions regarding PFAS is provided below.

California State Water Board – Division of Drinking Water Pursuant to Health and Safety Code section 116400, DDW has issued orders to public water systems requiring testing for PFOA, PFOS and certain other PFAS chemicals in March 2019. Public water system wells were selected that were adjacent to locations such as airports with fire training and response areas, and municipal solid waste landfills.

Targeted testing is underway to identify the extent of contamination of drinking water sources in California. A list of public water systems and sources that are required to be sampled can be found at State Water Board’s DDW website (https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/pfos_a nd_pfoa/pfas_watersystemorders.pdf)
More water system data will be requested in the area of other types of sources in 2019, including industrial sites. The assessment of this data will be used to determine data information gaps. Additional and more assessment will be required in the coming years.

AB 756 authorizes the State Water Board to more broadly order water systems to monitor for PFAS and report their detections.

In August 2019, California’s Division of Drinking Water established notification levels for perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) (6.5 parts per trillion for PFOS and 5.1 parts per trillion for PFOA), as well as a single health advisory response level which offers a margin of protection for all persons throughout their life from adverse health effects resulting from exposure to PFOA and PFOS in drinking water. Notification levels are a nonregulatory, precautionary health-based measure for concentrations in drinking water that warrant notification and further monitoring and assessment. Public water systems are encouraged to test their water for contaminants with notification levels, and in some circumstance may be ordered to test. If the systems do test, they are required to report exceedances to their governing boards and the State Water Board and are urged to report this information to customers.

DDW also has requested that OEHHA develop public health goals (PHGs) for both PFOA and PFOS, the next step in the process of establishing regulatory standards, known as maximum contaminant levels (MCLs), in drinking water. Other chemicals in the 105
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broader group of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may be considered later, either individually or grouped, as data permits.

On February 6, 2020, the DDW and Waterboards reduced the levels of PFOA and PFOS in drinking water that trigger responses by local water systems. The DDW and Waterboards set the new response levels to 10 ppt for PFOA and 40 ppt for PFOS based on a running four quarter average.

California State Water Board – Division of Water Quality In coordination with DDW, the Division of Water Quality issued state-wide Water Code 13267 Orders to 226 locations (30 commercial airports and 196 municipal solid waste landfills), potential source areas of PFAS. Data from these investigations will continue to be collected until early 2020. More investigation data will be requested in the area of other types of PFAS sources in 2019, including industrial sites. Additional and more assessment will be required in the coming years.

California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment In November 2017, OEHHA added PFOA and PFOS under Proposition 65, which requires manufacturers to disclose the presence of these chemicals as a potential carcinogenic compound in materials in which they are present. Documentation supporting OEHHA’s determination that the criteria for administrative listing have been satisfied for PFOA and PFOS is available on OEHHA’s website (https://oehha.ca.gov/).

Department of Toxic Substances Control
The Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) included food packaging as a product category in the Safer Consumer Products 2018-20 Work Plan due to concerns regarding exposure to PFAS and other chemicals included in food packaging, including the migration of PFAS from food packaging into packaged foods, becoming indirect food additives.

On February 15, 2018, DTSC released its Product-Chemical Profile on Carpets and Rugs with PFASs, documenting potential exposures and harm from these products. The Priority Product listing regulation triggers requirements that manufacturers look for safer alternatives. The process to make the requirements into regulations is likely to begin in the spring of 2019. The latest information about PFAS in the Safer Consumer Products program can be found on DTSC’s website. (https://dtsc.ca.gov/scp/carpets-and-rugswith-perfluoroalkyl-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfass/) California Air Resources Board
In June 2018, California Air Resources Board (CARB) began a rulemaking effort to amend the Hexavalent Chromium Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Chrome Plating and Chromic Acid Anodizing Operations (Chrome Plating ATCM).Throughout this process, CARB staff is collecting information and soliciting input on ways to further reduce emissions of hexavalent chromium from chrome plating and chromic acid anodizing operations, and to address concerns about potential health and environmental impacts of PFAS-containing chemical fume suppressants. More information about CARB 106
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is available on CARB’s website (https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/).

California Department of Public Health - Biomonitoring
Biomonitoring California’s Scientific Guidance Panel designated PFAS as a program priority. Its California Regional Exposure (CARE) study includes 12 PFAS chemicals and is analyzing sources of exposures in the Asian Pacific Islander Community Exposure projects. More information about Biomonitoring in California is provided on the Biomonitoring in California’s website (https://biomonitoring.ca.gov/).

DRINKING WATER
What is a notification level?
A notification level is a nonregulatory, precautionary health-based measure for concentrations of chemicals in drinking water that warrant notification and further monitoring and assessment. Public water systems are encouraged to test their water for contaminants with notification levels. If the systems test, they are required to report exceedances to their governing boards and are urged by the State Water Board to report this information to customers.

Establishing notification levels based on current health studies is an initial step toward setting regulatory standards for these chemicals in drinking water. The Water Board’s investigation of a broader group of PFAS chemicals in water systems and groundwater will help inform this process.

In May 2016, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) issued a lifetime health advisory for PFOS and PFOA for drinking water, advising municipalities that they should notify their customers of the presence of levels over 70 parts per trillion in community water supplies. US EPA recommended that customer notifications include information on the increased risk to health, especially for susceptible populations.

On July 13, 2018, DDW established an interim notification level of 14 parts per trillion (ppt) for PFOA and 13 ppt for PFOs and a single response level of 70 ppt for the combined concentrations of PFOA and PFOS.

In August 2019, DDW evaluated updated health-impact information provided by OEHHA.

Based on this, DDW revised the notification levels to 6.5 parts per trillion for PFOS and

5.1 parts per trillion for PFOA.

What is a response level?
A response level is a nonregulatory, precautionary health-based measure that is set higher than a notification level and represents a recommended level that water systems consider taking a water source out of service or provide treatment if that option is available to them.

In May 2016, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) issued a lifetime health advisory for PFOS and PFOA for drinking water, advising municipalities that they should notify their customers of the presence of levels over 70 parts per trillion in community water supplies. US EPA recommended that customer notifications include 107
12 PFOA/PFAS FAQ [updated: 3/19/2020]
information on the increased risk to health, especially for susceptible populations.

On July 13, 2018, DDW established an interim notification level of 14 parts per trillion (ppt) for PFOA and 13 ppt for PFOs and a single response level of 70 ppt for the combined concentrations of PFOA and PFOS.

On February 6, 2020, the DDW and Waterboards reduced the levels of PFOA and PFOS in drinking water that trigger responses by local water systems. The DDW and Waterboards set the new response levels to 10 ppt for PFOA and 40 ppt for PFOS based on a running four quarter average.

What is a public health goal?
A public health goal (PHG) is a level of a contaminant in drinking water that does not pose a significant health risk. A PHG reflects the risk from long-term exposure to a contaminant and should not be used to estimate risks from short-term or acute exposure.

Developed by OEHHA, PHGs are not regulatory requirements, but instead represent non-mandatory goals.

What is a maximum contaminant level?
Maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) are health-protective drinking water standards to be met by public water systems. MCLs consider not only health risks from exposure to a chemical, but factors such as detectability and treatability, as well as costs of treatment to reduce a chemical’s presence in drinking water. Health & Safety Code §116365(a) (https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=HSC&secti on Num=116365) requires the State Water Board to establish a contaminant's MCL at a level as close to its PHG as is technically and economically feasible, placing primary emphasis on the protection of public health.

How do we establish maximum contaminant levels?
The first goal of the State Water Board is to establish an MCL as close as possible to the PHG. This is a complex task that involves consideration of many factors, including the following:
· What different contaminant levels are found throughout water systems in California?
· What are the population sizes that are being affected? · What technology is available to treat our water?
· What is the cost of the treatment to treat and monitor our water? · What amount of health benefit is achieved at each increment? Establishing an MCL is a public process that follows the Administrative Procedures Act.

PFOA and PFOS Notification Levels:

In May 2016, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) issued a lifetime health advisory for PFOS and PFOA for drinking water, advising municipalities that they should notify their customers of the presence of levels over 70 parts per trillion 108
13 PFOA/PFAS FAQ [updated: 3/19/2020]
(ppt) in community water supplies. US EPA recommended that customer notifications include information on the increased risk to health, especially for susceptible populations.

On July 13, 2018, the State Water Board established an interim notification level of 14 ppt for PFOA and 13 ppt for PFOS and a single response level of 70 ppt for the combined concentrations of PFOA and PFOS.

In August 2019, the State Water Board evaluated updated health-impact information provided by OEHHA. Based on this, the State Water Board revised the notification levels to 6.5 parts per trillion for PFOS and 5.1 parts per trillion for PFOA. The single health advisory response level (for the combined values of PFOS and PFOA) remained at 70 ppt.

On February 6, 2020, the State Water Board reduced the levels of PFOA and PFOS in drinking water that trigger responses by local water systems. The State Water Board set the new response levels to 10 ppt for PFOA and 40 ppt for PFOS based on a running four quarter average.

Testing in California Drinking Water
From 2013 to 2015, the US EPA, under the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR 3), required all large water systems (i.e., water systems serving over 10,000 people) nationwide to collect and analyze more than 12,000 drinking water samples for PFOS and PFOA. In addition, some water systems serving less than 10,000 people reported approximately 400 drinking water results for PFOS and PFOA. This occurrence data identified 36 sources with PFOS detections and 32 sources with PFOA detections.

A summary of the findings for California is available on the EPA website (https://www.epa.gov/dwucmr/occurrence-data-unregulated-contaminant-monitoringrule).

In March 2019, the Division of Drinking Water issued Health and Safety Code 116400 Orders to 600 water system sites, and nearly 250 locations such as airports with fire training and response areas, and municipal solid waste landfills are being reported to the State Water Boards and will continue to be collected until into early 2020. More water system data will be requested in the area of other types of sources in 2019, including industrial sites. The assessment of this data will be used to determine data information gaps. Additional and more assessment will be required in the coming years.

Testing Methods in California Drinking Water
Some analytical methods using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-electrospray ionization methods (LC/MS/ESI) can achieve reporting limits for PFOA and PFOS at the nanogram per liter (ng/L) level. For the UCMR 3 monitoring program, LC/MS/MS-EPA Method 537 (rev 1.1) was required with minimum reporting limits of 20 ng/L and 40 ng/L for PFOA and PFOS, respectively. In November 2018, revised US EPA Method 537.1 was published that can detect PFOA, PFOS, and 16 other per-and polyfluorinated alkyl substances. Compliance with the recently changed NLs to 5.1 ng/L (PFOA) and 6.5 ng/L (PFOS) will require reporting limits lower than what can be achieved with US EPA Method 537. US EPA Method 537.1 is reported to be able to achieve lowest concentration minimum reporting levels (LCMRL) of 0.82 ng/L (PFOA) and 2.7 ng/L 109
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(PFOS). An LCMRL is defined as the lowest true concentration for which the future recovery is predicted to fall, with 99% confidence, between 50 and 150% recovery of the matrix spike (US EPA, Method 537.1, 2018).

Further information regarding PFAS in drinking water may be found at the Division of Drinking Water PFOA/PFOS webpage
(https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/PFOA_PFOS.html).

If a water system detects PFOA or PFOS in the source water, what is required to be done?
When chemicals are found at concentrations greater than their notification levels in drinking water that is provided to consumers, certain noticing requirements and recommendations apply. DDW recommends that the water system inform its customers and consumers about the presence of the chemical, and about health concerns associated with exposure to it.

To provide consumer notice, the utility may use its annual Consumer Confidence Report, a separate mailing, or other method. DDW strongly recommends that a water system provide annual notification if a source that exceeds a notification level continues to be used.

When chemicals exceed their response levels in drinking water, DDW recommends that water systems consider taking a water source out of service or provide treatment if that option is available to them. Under AB 756, drinking water sources with PFAS levels above the response level are either to be taken out of service or the water system must provide public notice of the exceedance level.

How will results of the PFAS sampling be made public?
All chemical compounds required to be sampled by public water systems are to be included in the annual Consumer Confidence Report required by Health and Safety Code section116455.

The State Water Board will also provide a map of the sampling completed to date by the end of the summer 2019. The map along with a spreadsheet of all available data will be made available to the public.

PFAS LABORATORY TESTING & SAMPLING
What are the testing methods for PFAS?
Some analytical methods using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-electrospray ionization methods (LC/MS/ESI) can achieve reporting limits for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) at the nanogram per liter (ng/L) or parts per trillion, ppt) level. For the US EPA’s Third Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR 3) study, LC/MS/MS-EPA Method 537 (rev 1.1) was required with minimum reporting limits of 20 ng/L and 40 ng/L for PFOA and PFOS, respectively [1], [2].

In November 2018, revised US EPA Method 537.1 was published that can detect PFOA, 110
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PFOS, and 16 other per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) [3].

US EPA Method 537.1 is reported to be able to achieve lowest concentration minimum reporting levels (LCMRL) of 0.82 ng/L (PFOA) and 2.7 ng/L (PFOS). An LCMRL is defined as the lowest true concentration for which the future recovery is predicted to fall, with 99% confidence, between 50 and 150% recovery of the matrix spike.

Laboratories have developed proprietary modified methods of US EPA Method 537, which have been adapted to account for additional media (wastewater, sludge, soil, sediments, tissue, etc.). These methods use LC-MS/MS with isotopically labeled standards to calculate recovery. Analyte lists currently vary from 24-39 PFAS compounds.

Are labs accredited by the California Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program to test for PFAS?
The California Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program (ELAP) accredits environmental laboratories that analyze environmental samples for regulatory purposes/compliance. In July 2018, ELAP began offering accreditation for US EPA Method 537 revision 1.1 (method is limited to 14 PFAS compounds in potable water samples) and US EPA Method 537.1 in September 2018.

As of April 3, 2019, ELAP’s website posted the announcement for PFAS analysis for nondrinking water matrices. Based on qualified laboratories accredited by the Department of Defense to use the proprietary LC-MS/MS with isotopically labeled standard methods as specified in Table B-15 of Quality Systems Manual version 5.1 (or later)[4], California ELAP will certify up to 38 PFAS analytes.

Further information on labs accredited by ELAP to analyze PFAS (drinking water and non-drinking water matrices) may be found on the ELAP website:
(https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/labs/).

What sample containers or other materials will I need for testing? The laboratory that you choose should provide sampling materials for you to use, which will include PFAS-free sample bottles. It is important to use these for sample collection.

Many laboratories only accept samples returned in their sample containers and may qualify your test results from any other container; it is highly recommended you only use the materials sent from the lab that have been verified to be PFAS-free.

General sampling guidance for non-drinking water and drinking water samples is provided on the Waterboard’s PFAS website (https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/pfas/).

As a public water system customer, how can I sample my water for PFAS? Sampling and testing require strict adherence to sampling procedures and care to avoid errors or misleading test results. DDW recommends you contact your water system for assistance. If the water system cannot assist you, DDW recommends using an accredited laboratory. (Laboratory map:
https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/labs/) 111
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References
[1]J. Shoemaker, P. . Grimmett, and B. K. Boutin, “Method 537. Determination of selected perfluorinated alkyl acids in drinking water by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Version 1.1.” USEPA, 2009.
[2]US Environ. Prot. Agency, “Revisions to the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR 3) for public water systems. A proposed rule by the Environmental Protection Agency. March 3. No. 2011-4691,” Fed Regist, vol. 76, no. 42, pp. 11713–37, 2011.
[3]J. Shoemaker and D. Tettenhorst, “Method 537.1: Determination of Selected Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances in Drinking Water by Solid Phase Extraction and Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS/MS).,” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC, 2018.
[4]Department of Defense (DoD), “DoD Quality Systems Manual Version 5.1,” 2017.

TREATMENT & REMEDIATION
What treatment techniques are used to reduce per- and polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) levels in drinking water?
Most conventional water treatment techniques (i.e. coagulation/sedimentation/filtration, chlorination, ozonation, UV/H2O2) are ineffective for reducing PFAS levels in drinking water Several treatments have shown to be effective in the removal of PFAS from drinking water. Promising techniques include granular activated carbon (GAC), powdered activated carbon (PAC), high pressure membranes (reverse osmosis/nanofiltration) and ion exchange resin.

Activated carbon treatment is the most studied treatment for PFAS removal. Activated carbon is commonly used to adsorb natural organic compounds, taste and odor compounds, and synthetic organic chemicals in drinking water treatment systems.

Adsorption is both the physical and chemical process of accumulating a substance, such as PFAS, at the interface between liquid and solids phases. Activated carbon is an effective adsorbent because it is a highly porous material and provides a large surface area to which contaminants may adsorb. Activated carbon (GAC) is made from organic materials with high carbon contents such as wood, lignite, and coal; and is often used in granular form called granular activated carbon (GAC).

GAC has been shown to effectively remove PFAS from drinking water when it is used in a flow through filter mode after particulates have already been removed. GAC works well on longer-chain PFAS like PFOA and PFOS, but shorter chain PFAS like Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) and Perfluorobutyrate (PFBA) do not adsorb as 112
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well.

Another type of activated carbon treatment is powdered activated carbon (PAC) which is the same material as GAC, but it is smaller in size- powder like. Because of the small particle size, PAC cannot be used in a flow through bed, but can be added directly to the water and then removed with the other natural particulates in the clarification stage (conventional water treatment or low-pressure membranes - microfiltration or ultrafiltration). Used in this way, PAC is not as efficient or economical as GAC at removing PFAS.

Another treatment option is anion exchange treatment, or resins. Ion exchange resins are made up of highly porous, polymeric material that is acid, base, and water insoluble.

The tiny beads that make up the resin are made from hydrocarbons. There are two broad categories of ion exchange resins: cationic and anionic. The negatively charged cationic exchange resins (CER) are effective for removing positively charged contaminants and positively charged anion exchange resins (AER) are effective for removing negatively charged contaminants, like PFAS. Ion exchange resins are like tiny powerful magnets that attract and hold the contaminated materials from passing through the water system.

Negatively charged ions of PFAS are attracted to the positively charged anion resins.

AER has shown to have a high capacity for many PFAS; however, it is typically more expensive than GAC. Of the different types of AER resins, perhaps the most promising is an AER in a single use mode followed by incineration of the resin. One benefit of this treatment technology is that there is no need for resin regeneration so there is no contaminant waste stream to handle, treat, or dispose.

Like GAC, AER removes 100 percent of the PFAS for a time that is dictated by the choice of resin, bed depth, flow rate, which PFAS need to be removed, and the degree and type of background organic matter and other contaminants.

High-pressure membranes, such as nanofiltration or reverse osmosis (RO), are extremely effective at removing PFAS. RO membranes are tighter than nanofiltration membranes Research shows that these types of membranes are typically more than 90 percent effective at removing a wide range of PFAS, including shorter chain PFAS. With both high-pressure membrane types, approximately 80 percent of the feedwater, the water coming into the membrane, passes through the membrane to the effluent (treated water). Approximately 20 percent of the feedwater is retained as a high-strength concentrated waste. A high-strength waste stream at 20 percent of the feed flow can be difficult to treat or dispose, especially for a contaminant such as PFAS. High pressure membranes may be best suited as a point of use technology for a homeowner, since the volume of water being treated is much smaller and the waste stream could be disposed of more easily with less cause for concern.
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Treatment & Remediation Table
Granular
Activated
Carbon
(GAC)
Powdered
Activated
Carbon
(PAC)
Anion
Exchange
Resin
(PFAS
Selective)
High
Pressure
Membranes
(Reverse
Osmosis or
Nanofiltration
)
Short-Chain PFAS
(i.e. PFBA)
Removal
Moderately
Effective
Not
Effective
Moderately
Effective
Effective
Long-Chain PFAS
(i.e. PFOA, PFOS)
Removal
Very Effective Moderately
Effective
Very
Effective
Effective
Co-contaminant
Removal Very Effective Not Effective
Moderately
Effective Very Effective
Relative Cost ($-
$$$$)
$-$$ $$ $$$ $$$$
Disposal
Requirements Difficult Difficult Difficult Difficult
Challenges
Desorption can
diminish
effectiveness
when influent
concentrations
are variable;
fate of PFASs
during thermal
regeneration
not understood
Performance
dependent
on activated
carbon
properties
and
background
water matrix
Performance
dependent
on resin
properties;
background
water matrix
effects
unexplored
High energy
requirement;
membrane
fouling;
concentrate
needs to be
managed
· ITRC fact sheet: Naming Conventions and Physical and Chemical Properties of PFAS (https://pfas-1.itrcweb.org/wpcontent/uploads/2018/03/pfas_fact_sheet_naming_conventions 3_16_18.pdf) 114
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City of Live Oak
Report to City Council
Meeting Date: February 19, 2025
Title: Assignment of Public Information Officer Responsibilities/Tasks Contact Information: Rick Crabtree, Interim City Manager Background: At this meeting, the Council will discuss possible assignment of the Public Information Officer role to a staff member. Discussion will include what the Council's expectations are of this role.

Recommendation: Discussion and possible direction.
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