041823-CH-25sr&att.pdf — Long Beach City Council, March 21, 2023 (part 2 of 6)

dispersing or redistributing dust, dirt, leaves, grass clippings, cuttings, or trimmings from plants, trees or other debris is unlawful if operated within any residential area or in any nonresidential area within four hundred feet (400') of any residential area in the City between the hours after eight p.m. and before eight a.m. Monday through Friday, after five p.m. and before nine a.m. on Saturdays, and after five p.m. and before eleven a.m. on Sundays and legal holidays.

Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 8.80.380, violations of this Subsection 8.80.200.M.3 shall be infractions except as specifically provided in this Section. The first violation in any one (1) year period shall be subject to a fine of fifty dollars ($50.00); a second violation in any one (1) year period shall be subject to a fine of seventy-five dollars ($75.00); a third violation in any one (1) year period shall be subject to a fine of one hundred dollars ($100.00). A fourth or subsequent violation of this Subsection in any one (1) year period may be filed as a misdemeanor.

Notwithstanding the provisions of any other Section in this Chapter, the provisions of this subsection may be enforced by a Police Officer;
N. Air-conditioning or air refrigerating equipment. Operating or permitting the operation of any air - conditioning or air refrigerating equipment in such a manner as to exceed any of the following sound levels measured as specified in the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers Code of Recommended Practices:

Measurement Location Units Installed
Before 1-1-80 dB (A)
Units Installed On Or
After 1-1-80 dB (A)
Any point on neighboring property line, five feet above grade level, no closer than three feet from any wall
60 55
Center of neighboring patio five feet above grade level, no closer than three feet from any wall
55 50
Outside the neighboring living area window nearest the
equipment location, not more than three feet from the
window opening, but at least three feet from any other
surface
55 50
In case of conflict, the interior noise standards as specified in Section 8.80.170 shall nonetheless app ly; O. Places of public entertainment. Operating or permitting to be operated any loudspeaker or other source of sound in any place of public entertainment that exceeds the levels shown in Table D at any point normally occupied by a customer, without a conspicuous and legible sign stating

"WARNING, SOUND LEVELS WITHIN MAY CAUSE PERMANENT HEARING IMPAIRMENT." Table D

MAXIMUM LEVELS ALLOWED IN PLACES

OF PUBLIC ENTERTAINMENT
Duration Per Day Continuous Hours Noise Level dB (A)
8 85
6 86
4 88
3 89
2 91
1 ½ 92
1 94
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½ 97
¼ or less 100
P. Tampering. The following acts or the causing thereof are prohibited:

1. The removal or rendering inoperative by any person other than for purposes of maintenance, repair, or replacement, of any noise control device or element of design or noise label of any product identified under Subsection 8.80.040.G and Subsection 8.80.050.C. The Noise Control Officer may, by regulation, list those acts which constitute violation of this provision,

2. The use of a product, identified under Subsection 8.80.040.G and Subsection 8.80.050.C, which has had a noise control device or element of design or noise label removed or rendered inoperative with knowledge that such action has occurred. (Ord. C-7745 § 1, 2001; Ord. C-7175 § 1, 1994; Ord. C-6474 § 2, 1988; Ord. C-6036 § 1, 1984; Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.8(b))

8.80.202 Construction activity—Noise regulations.

The following regulations shall apply only to construction activities where a building or other related permit is required or was issued by the Building Official and shall not apply to any construction activities within the Long Beach harbor district as established pursuant to Section 201 of the City Charter.

A. Weekdays and federal holidays. No person shall operate or permit the operation of any tools or equipment used for construction, alteration, repair, remodeling, drilling, demolition or any other related building activity which produce loud or unusual noise which annoys or disturbs a reasonable person of normal sensitivity between the hours of seven p.m. and seven am. the following day on weekdays, except for emergency work authorized by the Building Official. For purposes of this Section, a federal holiday shall be considered a weekday.

B. Saturdays. No person shall operate or permit the operation of any tools or equipment used for construction, alteration, repair, remodeling, drilling, demolition or any other related building activity which produce loud or unusual noise which annoys or disturbs a reasonable person of normal sensitivity between the hours of seven p.m. on Friday and nine a.m. on Saturday and after six p.m. on Saturday, except for emergency work authorized by the Building Official.

C. Sundays. No person shall operate or permit the operation of any tools or equipment used for construction, alteration, repair, remodeling, drilling, demolition or any other related building activity at any time on Sunday, except for emergency work authorized by the Building Official or except for work authorized by permit issued by the Noise Control Officer.

D. Owner's/employer's responsibility. It is unlawful for the landowner, construction company owner, contractor, subcontractor or employer of persons working, laboring, building, or assisting in construction to permit construction activities in violation of provisions in this Section.

E. Sunday work permits. Any person who wants to do construction work on a Sunday must apply for a work permit from the Noise Control Officer. The Noise Control Officer may issue a Sunday work permit if there is good cause shown; and in issuing such a permit, consideration will be given to the nature of the work and its proximity to residential areas. The permit may allow work on Sundays, only between nine a.m. and six p.m., and it shall designate the specific dates when it is allowed.

F. Enforcement. Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 8.80.370 and 8.80.380, this Sect ion may be enforced by a Police Officer.
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Any person who violates any provision of this Section is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined in an amount not to exceed five hundred dollars ($500.00), or be imprisoned for a period not to exceed one hundred eighty (180) days, or by both such fine and imprisonment. Each day that a violation occurs shall constitute a separate offense and shall be punishable as such.

Whenever an employee is prosecuted for a violation of this noise control ordinance, the court shall, at the request of the employee, take appropriate action to make the landowner, construction company owner, contractor, subcontractor or employer a codefendant.
(Ord. C-6488 § 1, 1988; Ord. C-6474 § 1, 1988)

8.80.210 Refuse collection vehicles.

No person shall collect refuse with a refuse collection vehicle between the hours of seven p.m. and seven a.m. the following day in a residential area or noise sensitive zone. (Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1981: prior code § 4430.9(a))

8.80.220 Motor vehicle horns.

It is unlawful for any person within the City to sound a vehicular horn within any residential zone except as a warning signal, as provided in the Vehicle Code of the State. (Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.9(b))

8.80.230 Recreational motorized vehicles operating off the public right-of-way.

No person shall operate or cause to be operated any recreational motorized vehicle off a public right -of-way in such a manner that the sound level emitted therefrom violates the provisions of Sections 8.80.150 and 8.80.170.

This Section shall apply to all recreational motorized vehicles, whether or not duly licensed and registered, including, but not limited to, commercial or noncommercial racing vehicles, motorcycles, go -carts, amphibious craft, campers, and dune buggies, but not including motorboats. (Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.9(c))

8.80.240 Vehicle, motorboat or aircraft repair and testing.

A. Repairing, rebuilding, modifying or testing any motor vehicle, motorboat or aircraft in such a manner as to create a noise disturbance across a residential real property line, or at any time to violate the provisions of Sections 8.80.150 or 8.80.170 shall not be permitted except where said activities are directly related to officially sanctioned events.

B. This provision shall not apply to aircraft within the airport property or within any other aviatio n-related property abutting it.
(Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.9(d))

8.80.250 Exemption—Emergencies.

The provisions of this Chapter shall not apply to:

A. The emission of sound for the purpose of alerting persons to the existence of an emergency; or 70 Created: 2021-03-24 19:41:40 [EST]
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B. The emission of sound in the performance of emergency work. (Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.10(a))

8.80.260 Exemption—Oil and gas wells.

The provisions of this Chapter shall not apply to:

A. Normal well servicing, remedial or maintenance work performed within an existing well which does not involve drilling or redrilling and which is restricted to the hours bet ween seven a.m. and seven p.m., exclusive of weekends and holidays, in residential areas; B. Any drilling or redrilling work which is done in full compliance with Subsection 8.80.040.E and Sections

8.80.060 through 8.80.120, and with the soundproofing and all other requirements of Section

12.32.030.
(Ord. C-5576 § 1, 1980; Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.10(b))

8.80.270 Exemption—Warning devices.

Warning devices necessary for the protection of public safety as, for example, police, fire and ambulance sirens and train horns shall be exempted from the provisions of this Chapter. (Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.10(c))

8.80.280 Exemption—Entertainment events.

The provisions of this Chapter shall not apply to occasional outdoor or in door gatherings, public dances, shows and sporting and entertainment events, provided said events are conducted pursuant to a permit or license or other entitlement issued by the City relative to the staging of said events. (Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.10 (d))

8.80.290 Exemption—From exterior noise standards.

The provisions of Section 8.80.150 shall not apply to activities covered by the following Sections:

A. Section 8.80.200 C, street sales;
B. Section 8.80.200 D, animals and birds;
C. Section 8.80.200 J, stationary nonemergency signaling devices; D. Section 8.80.200 K, emergency signaling devices;
E. Section 8.80.200 M, domestic power tools;
F. Section 8.80.200 N, air conditioning or air refrigerating equipment; and G. Section 8.80.210, refuse collection vehicles.
(Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.10 (e)) 71 Created: 2021-03-24 19:41:40 [EST]
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8.80.300 Abatement of nonconforming industrial noise sources.

A. Intent. It is the intent of this Section to recognize that the eventual abatement, as expeditiously and as fairly as possible, of existing noise sources that are not in conformity with the provisions of this Chapter is as important as the prohibition of new noise sources that would violate the provisions of this Chapter. It is the intent of this Section that any abatement of nonconforming industrial noise sources shall be effected so as to avoid any undue hardship.

B. Abatement. All existing nonconforming industrial noise sources shall be granted an amortization period of ten (10) years from the effective date of this Chapter to bring their existing facilities into compliance with this Chapter; provided, that:

1. They are located in industrial districts delineated in the City zoning ordinance or are located in accordance with a valid special use permit at the time of adoption of this Chapter;

2. They are not changed to another industrial use during the amortization period;

3. They are not altered so as to increase or intensify their noise generation;

4. If they are structurally expanded during the amortization period, the new portion must immediately meet the standards of this Chapter;

5. If they should be rebuilt after damage or destruction of more than fifty percent (50%) of the preexisting value, they must be rebuilt in such a manner as to immediately meet the standards of this Chapter.
(Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.10 (f))

8.80.310 Exemption—Federal or State preempted activities.

The provisions of this Chapter shall not apply to any other activity to the extent regulation thereof has be en preempted by State or federal law.
(Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.10(g))

8.80.320 Conflicting regulations.

A. These regulations are not intended to abrogate or impair the provisions of any other section of this Code which is not in conflict with the provisions of this Chapter. However, where these regulations are more restrictive than those of other laws, regulations or covenants, these regulations shall control.

B. Upon written request, the noise control office is authorized to issue official interpretations of this Chapter without public hearing.
(Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.10 (h))

8.80.330 Exemption—Public health, welfare and safety activities.

The provisions of this Chapter shall not apply to construction maintenance and repair operations conducted by public agencies and/or utility companies or their contractors which are deemed necessary to serve the best interests of the public and to protect the public health, welfare and safety, including, but not limited to, street sweeping, debris and limb removal, removal of downed wires, restoring electrical service, repairing traffic signals, 72 Created: 2021-03-24 19:41:41 [EST]
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unplugging sewers, vacuuming catchbasins, repairing of damaged poles, removal of abandoned vehicles, repairing of water hydrants and mains, gas lines, oil lines, sewers, storm drains, roads, sidewalks, etc. (Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.10 (i))

8.80.340 Variance—Exemption from regulations.

A. The Noise Control Officer is authorized to grant variances for exemption from any provision of this Chapter, subject to limitations as to area, noise levels, time limits, and other terms and conditions as the Noise Control Officer determines are appropriate to protect public health, safety and welfare from the noise emanating therefrom. This Section shall in no way affect the obligation to obtain any permit or license required by law for such activities.

B. Any person seeking a variance shall file an application with the noise control office. The application shall contain information which demonstrates that bringing the source of sound or activity for which the variance is sought into compliance with this Chapter would create an unreasonable hardship on the applicant, on the community, or on other persons. The application shall be accompanied by a fee in the amount set by resolution of the City Council. A separate application shall be filed for each noise source; provided, however, that several fixed sources on a single property may be combined into one (1) application. Notice of an application for a variance shall be published according to rules established by the noise control office; all residents whom the Noise Control Officer determines may be adversely affected by the noise shall be notified. Any individual who claims to be adversely affected by the issuance of the variance may file a statement with the noise control office containing any information to support his claim. If at any time the Noise Control Officer finds that a sufficient controversy exists regarding an application, a public hearing will be held.

C. In determining whether to grant or deny the application, the Noise Control Officer shall balance the hardship on the applicant, the community, or other persons by not granting the variance against the adverse impact on the health, safety and welfare of persons affected, the adverse impact on property affected, and any other adverse impact by granting the variance. Applicants for variances and per sons contesting variances may be required to submit such information as the noise control office may reasonably require. In granting or denying an application, the Noise Control Officer shall keep a public record of the decision and the reasons for denying or granting the variance.

D. A variance shall be granted by written notice to the applicant containing all necessary conditions, including a time limit on the permitted activity. The variance shall not become effective until all conditions are agreed to by the applicant. Noncompliance with any condition of the variance shall terminate the variance.

E. The term of a variance may not exceed three hundred sixty-five (365) days from the date of issuance. An application for extension of time limits specified in a variance or for modification of other substantial conditions shall be treated as an application for a new variance.

F. The Noise Control Officer will issue guidelines defining the procedures to be followed in applying for a variance and the criteria to be considered in deciding whether to grant a variance. (Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.11(a))

8.80.350 Variance—Time to comply.

Within ninety (90) days following the effective date of this Chapter, the owner of any commercial or industrial source of sound may apply to the noise control office for a time variance to comply with the provisions of this Chapter. The Noise Control Officer shall have the authority, consistent with these Sections 8.80.340 through

8.80.360, to grant a time variance (not to exceed one hundred eighty (180) days from the effective date of this 73 Created: 2021-03-24 19:41:41 [EST]
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Chapter). The same procedures and considerations by the Noise Control Officer as provided in Section 8.80.340 shall likewise apply.
(Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.11(b))

8.80.360 Variance—Appeal to decision.

Within ten (10) days after notice by the Noise Control Officer or denial or conditional approval of a variance, or within ten (10) days after the effective date of the revocation of a variance by the Noise Control Officer, the affected person may appeal to the City Council, in writing. The City Council, after notice and a public hearing, may sustain, reverse or modify the decision of the Noise Control Officer; such order may be made subject to specified conditions.

A. Filing Fee. The appeal shall be filed in triplicate with the City Clerk at the City Hall, 333 West Ocean Boulevard, Long Beach, California, along with the payment of a fee in the amount set by resolution of the City Council. A copy of the appeal shall also be served on the Noise Control Officer.

B. Contents of Appeal. An appeal to review a denial or conditional approval of a variance shall contain the application, a copy of the Noise Control Officer's action setting forth the reasons for the denial or the conditions of the approval, and the reasons for appeal. An appeal to review a variance revocation shall include a copy of the variance, the Noise Control Officer's revocation notice, and his reasons for revocation, and the reasons for appeal.
(Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.11(c))

8.80.370 Violation—Presumed.

Any noise exceeding the level limit which can be attributed to a specific facility in a designated noise district as specified in Sections 8.80.150 through 8.80.180, or the prohibited actions specified in Sections 8.80.190 and

8.80.200 shall be presumed to be a violation of the provisions of these regulations. Enforcement of noise control regulations shall be undertaken only upon receipt of a written sworn complaint made by a person who resides or owns property within the noise district into which the alleged noise intrudes. (Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.12(a))

8.80.380 Violation—Penalty.

Any person found in violation of any of the provisions of this Chapter upon a documented determination and the failure to comply with an abatement order or other notice issued by the Noise Control Officer and subsequently convicted in a court of competent jurisdiction for such violation will be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined in an amount not to exceed five hundred dollars ($500.00), or be imprisoned for a period not to exceed one hundred eighty (180) days, or by both such fine and imprisonment. Each day (after the Noise Control Officer has made a documented determination and has issued an abatement order) that a violation is permitted to continue shall constitute a separate offense and shall be punishable as such. (Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.12(b))

8.80.390 Violation—Abatement order.

A. Except as provided in Subsection 8.80.390.B, in lieu of issuing a notice of violation as provided in Section

8.80.400, the Noise Control Officer may issue an order requiring the abatement of a sound source alleged to 74 Created: 2021-03-24 19:41:41 [EST]
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be in violation within a reasonable time period and according to guidelines adopted by the noise control office.

B. An abatement order shall not be issued for any violation when the Noise Control Officer or other enforcement agency has reason to believe that there will not be compliance with an abatement order.

C. No further action shall be taken in the event that the cause of the violation has been removed and the condition abated or fully corrected within the time period specified in the written notice. (Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.12(c))

8.80.400 Violation—Notice.

Except where a person is acting in good faith to comply with an abatement order issued pursuant to Subsection 8.80.390.A, violation of any provision of this Chapter shall be cause for a notice of violation to be issued by the Noise Control Officer or other responsible enforcement official according to procedures which the noise control office may prescribe. Thereafter, the City may resort to any other appropriate legal action as provided by law.
(Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.12(d))

8.80.410 Violation—Additional remedies.

As an additional remedy, the operation or maintenance of any device, instrument, vehicle or machinery in violation of any provision of this Chapter, which operation or maintenance causes or creates sound levels or vibration exceeding the allowable limits as specified in this Chapter, shall be deemed and is declared to be a public nuisance and may be subject to abatement summarily by a restraining order or injunction issued by a court of competent jurisdiction. Additionally, no provision of this Chapter shal l be construed to impair any common law or statutory cause of action, or legal remedy therefrom, of any person for injury or damage arising from any violation of this Chapter or from other law.
(Ord. C-5371 § 1 (part), 1977: prior code § 4430.12(e))

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76 Cherry Avenue Warehouse Noise Impact Analysis
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APPENDIX 5.1:

STUDY AREA PHOTOS

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78 JN: 14715 Study Area Photos
L1_E
33, 52' 0.240000"118, 10' 6.670000"
L1_N
33, 52' 0.230000"118, 10' 6.830000"
L1_S
33, 52' 0.230000"118, 10' 6.670000"
L1_W
33, 52' 0.270000"118, 10' 6.610000"
L2_E
33, 51' 35.960000"118, 9' 50.900000"
L2_N
33, 51' 35.990000"118, 9' 50.840000"
79 JN: 14715 Study Area Photos
L2_S
33, 51' 35.950000"118, 9' 50.870000"
L2_W
33, 51' 35.990000"118, 9' 50.930000"
L3_E
33, 51' 34.150000"118, 10' 7.410000"
L3_N
33, 51' 34.130000"118, 10' 7.210000"
L3_S
33, 51' 34.130000"118, 10' 7.380000"
L3_W
33, 51' 34.130000"118, 10' 7.430000"
80 JN: 14715 Study Area Photos
L4_E
33, 51' 41.820000"118, 10' 7.630000"
L4_N
33, 51' 41.850000"118, 10' 7.630000"
L4_S
33, 51' 41.840000"118, 10' 7.630000"
L4_W
33, 51' 41.820000"118, 10' 7.650000"
L5_E
33, 51' 46.670000"118, 10' 8.810000"
L5_N
33, 51' 46.670000"118, 10' 8.700000"
81 JN: 14715 Study Area Photos
L5_S
33, 51' 46.650000"118, 10' 8.750000"
L5_W
33, 51' 46.670000"118, 10' 8.810000"
82 Cherry Avenue Warehouse Noise Impact Analysis
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APPENDIX 5.2:

NOISE LEVEL MEASUREMENT WORKSHEETS

83 Cherry Avenue Warehouse Noise Impact Analysis
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84 Date: Location: Meter: Piccolo II JN: 14715
Project: Cherry Ave. Warehouse Source: Analyst: A. Khan Timeframe Hour L eq L max L min L1% L2% L5% L8% L25% L50% L90% L95% L99% L eq Adj. Adj. L eq 0 72.2 82.9 55.2 82.5 81.8 80.1 77.4 71.3 65.6 57.5 56.1 55.3 72.2 10.0 82.2 1 68.9 78.8 52.5 78.3 77.5 75.8 74.6 68.9 62.6 54.5 53.4 52.6 68.9 10.0 78.9 2 69.0 79.5 52.4 79.1 78.3 76.3 74.7 68.4 62.0 53.8 53.1 52.5 69.0 10.0 79.0 3 70.5 80.6 54.3 80.2 79.5 77.8 76.3 70.3 63.8 55.9 55.1 54.5 70.5 10.0 80.5 4 73.7 82.1 59.2 81.8 81.1 79.7 78.7 74.8 70.3 61.2 60.0 59.3 73.7 10.0 83.7 5 75.9 83.8 61.3 83.4 82.8 81.5 80.6 77.4 73.2 64.3 62.7 61.5 75.9 10.0 85.9 6 77.7 84.8 66.1 84.4 83.9 82.7 81.8 79.1 75.9 68.8 67.5 66.4 77.7 10.0 87.7 7 80.1 90.3 68.4 89.8 89.3 87.0 84.1 79.4 76.6 71.2 70.0 68.6 80.1 0.0 80.1 8 77.5 84.8 68.0 84.4 83.7 81.9 80.9 78.6 76.1 70.6 69.4 68.3 77.5 0.0 77.5 9 81.2 88.3 69.7 87.8 87.2 85.8 85.0 82.6 79.8 72.8 71.4 70.0 81.2 0.0 81.2 10 80.5 91.2 65.2 90.7 90.2 87.7 85.1 79.4 76.2 68.8 67.1 65.5 80.5 0.0 80.5 11 76.3 83.5 65.6 83.2 82.7 81.4 80.5 77.4 74.3 68.5 67.3 65.9 76.3 0.0 76.3 12 76.0 84.5 64.1 84.1 83.4 81.4 79.9 76.8 73.7 67.1 65.8 64.4 76.0 0.0 76.0 13 77.3 85.9 65.7 85.4 84.7 82.7 81.4 78.2 75.1 68.9 67.5 66.0 77.3 0.0 77.3 14 77.6 85.9 66.9 85.3 84.4 82.1 81.3 78.8 75.8 69.7 68.3 67.1 77.6 0.0 77.6 15 78.2 85.5 67.1 85.0 84.5 83.2 82.3 79.5 76.3 70.0 68.7 67.5 78.2 0.0 78.2 16 78.8 86.7 68.7 86.3 85.5 83.8 82.7 79.7 77.2 71.5 70.2 68.9 78.8 0.0 78.8 17 77.5 85.5 68.3 85.0 84.2 82.1 81.0 78.6 76.1 70.4 69.4 68.4 77.5 0.0 77.5 18 75.8 84.7 65.3 83.7 82.1 80.1 79.3 76.9 74.5 67.9 66.5 65.5 75.8 0.0 75.8 19 74.8 81.1 64.9 80.7 80.4 79.4 78.7 76.1 73.4 67.4 66.3 65.2 74.8 5.0 79.8 20 77.2 84.4 65.6 84.0 83.5 81.9 81.2 78.5 75.7 68.3 67.0 65.8 77.2 5.0 82.2 21 77.5 85.3 65.4 84.9 84.2 82.4 81.5 78.8 75.7 68.4 66.8 65.6 77.5 5.0 82.5 22 73.8 81.4 61.3 81.0 80.5 79.4 78.5 75.1 70.8 63.8 62.8 61.7 73.8 10.0 83.8 23 73.6 83.4 57.6 83.0 82.1 80.2 78.7 74.1 69.0 60.1 58.8 57.7 73.6 10.0 83.6 Timeframe Hour L eq L max L min L1% L2% L5% L8% L25% L50% L90% L95% L99% Min 74.8 81.1 64.1 80.7 80.4 79.4 78.7 76.1 73.4 67.1 65.8 64.4 Max 81.2 91.2 69.7 90.7 90.2 87.7 85.1 82.6 79.8 72.8 71.4 70.0

78.1 85.4 84.7 82.9 81.6 78.6 75.8 69.4 68.1 66.8
Min 68.9 78.8 52.4 78.3 77.5 75.8 74.6 68.4 62.0 53.8 53.1 52.5 Max 77.7 84.8 66.1 84.4 83.9 82.7 81.8 79.1 75.9 68.8 67.5 66.4

73.7 81.5 80.8 79.3 77.9 73.3 68.1 60.0 58.8 58.0
24-Hour Noise Level Measurement Summary
Hourly L eq dBA Readings (unadjusted)
L eq (dBA)
Night
Wednesday, April 13, 2022 L1 - Located northwest of the Project site near single- family residence at 2021 East Curry Street.

Night
Day
Day
Night
Energy Average
Energy Average Average:

Average:
24-Hour Daytime
(7am-10pm)
Nighttime
(10pm-7am)

76.9 78.1 73.7

72.2 68.9

69.0 70.5

73.7 75.9

77.7 80.1

77.5 81.2

80.5 76.3

76.0 77.3

77.6 78.2

78.8 77.5

75.8 74.8

77.2 77.5

73.8 73.6

35.0 40.0

45.0 50.0

55.0 60.0

65.0 70.0

75.0 80.0

85.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Hourly Leq (dBA)
Hour Beginning
Z:\Shared\UcJobs\_14600-15000\_14700\14715\04_Noise\Fieldwork\Measurements\14715_L1_G 85 Date: Location: Meter: Piccolo II JN: 14715
Project: Cherry Ave. Warehouse Source: Analyst: A. Khan Timeframe Hour L eq L max L min L1% L2% L5% L8% L25% L50% L90% L95% L99% L eq Adj. Adj. L eq 0 61.2 74.1 44.0 73.6 72.4 68.5 65.7 59.0 51.6 45.1 44.6 44.2 61.2 10.0 71.2 1 61.9 75.9 44.0 74.6 73.7 69.6 65.7 57.7 48.9 44.6 44.3 44.1 61.9 10.0 71.9 2 58.5 70.1 43.2 69.9 69.3 66.8 64.1 54.9 48.2 43.8 43.6 43.3 58.5 10.0 68.5 3 62.4 72.5 49.8 72.1 71.5 69.7 68.3 62.0 54.4 50.2 50.1 49.9 62.4 10.0 72.4 4 61.7 72.3 49.4 72.0 71.5 69.4 67.7 60.1 54.3 50.4 50.0 49.5 61.7 10.0 71.7 5 67.1 79.1 51.1 78.8 78.2 74.7 71.3 64.6 59.3 52.5 51.8 51.3 67.1 10.0 77.1 6 67.8 75.9 54.1 75.6 75.3 74.0 73.0 68.8 64.3 56.4 55.2 54.2 67.8 10.0 77.8 7 71.3 80.0 58.4 79.5 79.1 77.6 75.8 72.0 68.6 61.2 59.9 58.7 71.3 0.0 71.3 8 72.4 82.9 59.7 82.3 81.6 79.3 76.6 71.8 69.2 63.1 61.4 60.0 72.4 0.0 72.4 9 69.9 78.5 58.4 78.0 77.2 75.4 74.0 70.8 67.8 61.2 59.9 58.6 69.9 0.0 69.9 10 72.9 84.8 56.7 84.1 83.2 80.7 77.7 70.5 67.5 60.6 59.2 57.2 72.9 0.0 72.9 11 70.1 78.5 57.6 78.1 77.6 75.6 74.3 70.7 67.9 61.6 59.9 57.9 70.1 0.0 70.1 12 67.2 75.4 55.6 74.7 73.9 72.4 71.4 68.1 65.3 59.0 57.3 55.9 67.2 0.0 67.2 13 70.9 81.0 56.4 80.4 79.8 77.6 75.5 70.4 67.2 60.6 58.3 56.7 70.9 0.0 70.9 14 70.7 79.4 56.6 79.0 78.5 76.7 75.1 71.2 68.1 60.8 58.8 56.9 70.7 0.0 70.7 15 70.9 79.8 58.1 79.4 78.7 76.4 74.6 71.6 69.0 61.8 60.0 58.3 70.9 0.0 70.9 16 71.2 79.6 59.7 79.2 78.7 76.9 75.3 71.7 69.1 63.2 61.6 59.9 71.2 0.0 71.2 17 70.7 78.6 58.5 78.3 77.8 75.7 74.3 71.5 69.2 62.4 60.5 58.8 70.7 0.0 70.7 18 69.8 77.5 56.5 77.1 76.7 74.8 73.6 71.0 68.4 61.0 59.0 56.9 69.8 0.0 69.8 19 68.1 75.9 54.5 75.5 75.1 73.4 72.3 69.3 66.1 57.8 56.3 54.8 68.1 5.0 73.1 20 67.6 76.2 52.0 75.8 75.2 73.5 72.1 68.5 65.2 56.8 54.3 52.4 67.6 5.0 72.6 21 66.4 74.9 51.1 74.6 74.2 72.6 71.1 67.4 63.3 54.0 52.6 51.3 66.4 5.0 71.4 22 70.1 81.8 48.3 81.3 80.4 77.9 75.8 66.9 61.3 52.3 50.9 48.7 70.1 10.0 80.1 23 69.4 82.5 45.9 82.1 81.3 78.2 72.1 63.8 57.5 47.9 46.7 46.1 69.4 10.0 79.4 Timeframe Hour L eq L max L min L1% L2% L5% L8% L25% L50% L90% L95% L99% Min 66.4 74.9 51.1 74.6 73.9 72.4 71.1 67.4 63.3 54.0 52.6 51.3 Max 72.9 84.8 59.7 84.1 83.2 80.7 77.7 72.0 69.2 63.2 61.6 60.0

70.4 78.4 77.8 75.9 74.3 70.4 67.5 60.3 58.6 57.0
Min 58.5 70.1 43.2 69.9 69.3 66.8 64.1 54.9 48.2 43.8 43.6 43.3 Max 70.1 82.5 54.1 82.1 81.3 78.2 75.8 68.8 64.3 56.4 55.2 54.2

66.1 75.6 74.8 72.1 69.3 62.0 55.5 49.2 48.6 47.9
Day
Night
Energy Average
Energy Average Average:

Average:
24-Hour Daytime
(7am-10pm)
Nighttime
(10pm-7am)

69.2 70.4 66.1
24-Hour Noise Level Measurement Summary
Hourly L eq dBA Readings (unadjusted)
L eq (dBA)
Night
Wednesday, April 13, 2022 L2 - Located southeast of the Project site south of South Street.

Night
Day

61.2 61.9

58.5 62.4

61.7 67.1

67.8 71.3

72.4 69.9

72.9 70.1

67.2 70.9

70.7 70.9

71.2 70.7

69.8 68.1

67.6 66.4

70.1 69.4

35.0 40.0

45.0 50.0

55.0 60.0

65.0 70.0

75.0 80.0

85.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Hourly Leq (dBA)
Hour Beginning
Z:\Shared\UcJobs\_14600-15000\_14700\14715\04_Noise\Fieldwork\Measurements\14715_L2_T 86 Date: Location: Meter: Piccolo II JN: 14715
Project: Cherry Ave. Warehouse Source: Analyst: A. Khan Timeframe Hour L eq L max L min L1% L2% L5% L8% L25% L50% L90% L95% L99% L eq Adj. Adj. L eq 0 65.8 79.2 51.8 78.2 77.0 72.8 70.3 62.7 57.6 52.8 52.3 51.9 65.8 10.0 75.8 1 64.6 76.4 49.7 75.8 74.8 72.2 70.2 62.4 56.4 51.0 50.3 49.8 64.6 10.0 74.6 2 67.8 80.9 48.0 80.3 79.3 76.0 72.9 62.7 56.8 49.0 48.5 48.2 67.8 10.0 77.8 3 65.5 78.0 49.2 77.4 76.0 72.3 70.6 64.2 56.6 50.6 49.8 49.3 65.5 10.0 75.5 4 68.5 79.1 54.6 78.5 77.6 75.3 73.7 68.5 62.7 56.0 55.3 54.8 68.5 10.0 78.5 5 72.1 84.0 57.9 83.0 81.7 78.8 76.9 71.8 66.3 59.3 58.7 58.1 72.1 10.0 82.1 6 74.3 85.7 59.6 84.8 83.5 80.4 78.7 74.6 69.5 61.7 60.6 59.8 74.3 10.0 84.3 7 76.8 85.3 63.6 84.6 83.8 81.9 81.0 78.4 74.5 66.6 65.2 63.8 76.8 0.0 76.8 8 74.2 82.7 61.1 82.1 81.3 79.2 78.0 75.3 72.8 63.8 62.3 61.3 74.2 0.0 74.2 9 73.1 82.6 59.5 81.9 81.2 78.9 77.2 73.9 70.7 61.4 60.3 59.7 73.1 0.0 73.1 10 73.0 84.7 58.9 83.4 81.9 78.7 77.1 73.0 69.8 61.2 60.0 59.1 73.0 0.0 73.0 11 71.6 83.1 58.2 81.6 79.1 76.1 74.6 71.4 68.2 60.1 59.2 58.4 71.6 0.0 71.6 12 70.4 82.7 59.6 82.0 80.7 76.5 75.2 70.5 67.3 61.6 60.5 59.8 70.4 0.0 70.4 13 73.0 84.7 61.8 83.7 82.2 78.8 76.7 72.7 69.3 63.7 62.6 62.0 73.0 0.0 73.0 14 74.2 84.4 59.6 83.2 82.2 80.6 79.8 74.5 67.8 62.0 61.1 59.9 74.2 0.0 74.2 15 70.6 81.5 59.4 80.6 79.5 76.6 74.4 70.6 67.3 61.2 60.3 59.6 70.6 0.0 70.6 16 70.5 80.5 59.2 79.9 79.0 76.4 74.5 71.0 67.5 61.2 60.1 59.4 70.5 0.0 70.5 17 70.2 79.6 59.6 79.0 78.4 76.1 74.4 70.5 67.5 62.2 60.9 60.0 70.2 0.0 70.2 18 69.8 79.1 59.3 78.5 77.7 75.8 74.1 70.3 67.1 61.5 60.3 59.5 69.8 0.0 69.8 19 68.7 77.8 57.9 77.2 76.7 74.4 72.9 69.5 65.7 59.8 59.0 58.1 68.7 5.0 73.7 20 70.5 81.2 63.2 80.7 79.8 76.8 74.5 69.7 66.8 64.1 63.8 63.4 70.5 5.0 75.5 21 69.1 79.1 57.4 78.4 77.3 75.0 73.7 69.8 65.3 59.1 58.3 57.7 69.1 5.0 74.1 22 69.5 80.2 54.4 79.8 79.3 76.8 74.7 68.7 63.5 56.1 55.2 54.5 69.5 10.0 79.5 23 68.5 80.2 52.8 79.4 78.5 76.1 74.0 67.1 61.0 54.2 53.6 53.0 68.5 10.0 78.5 Timeframe Hour L eq L max L min L1% L2% L5% L8% L25% L50% L90% L95% L99% Min 68.7 77.8 57.4 77.2 76.7 74.4 72.9 69.5 65.3 59.1 58.3 57.7 Max 76.8 85.3 63.6 84.6 83.8 81.9 81.0 78.4 74.5 66.6 65.2 63.8

72.3 81.1 80.1 77.5 75.9 72.1 68.5 61.9 60.9 60.1
Min 64.6 76.4 48.0 75.8 74.8 72.2 70.2 62.4 56.4 49.0 48.5 48.2 Max 74.3 85.7 59.6 84.8 83.5 80.4 78.7 74.6 69.5 61.7 60.6 59.8

69.6 79.7 78.6 75.6 73.5 67.0 61.2 54.5 53.8 53.3
Day
Night
Energy Average
Energy Average Average:

Average:
24-Hour Daytime
(7am-10pm)
Nighttime
(10pm-7am)

71.5 72.3 69.6
24-Hour Noise Level Measurement Summary
Hourly L eq dBA Readings (unadjusted)
L eq (dBA)
Night
Wednesday, April 13, 2022 L3 - Located southwest of the Project site near Crossroads Church at 1900 East South Street.

Night
Day

65.8 64.6

67.8 65.5

68.5 72.1

74.3 76.8

74.2 73.1

73.0 71.6

70.4 73.0

74.2 70.6

70.5 70.2

69.8 68.7

70.5 69.1

69.5 68.5

35.0 40.0

45.0 50.0

55.0 60.0

65.0 70.0

75.0 80.0

85.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Hourly Leq (dBA)
Hour Beginning
Z:\Shared\UcJobs\_14600-15000\_14700\14715\04_Noise\Fieldwork\Measurements\14715_L3_H 87 Date: Location: Meter: Piccolo II JN: 14715
Project: Cherry Ave. Warehouse Source: Analyst: A. Khan Timeframe Hour L eq L max L min L1% L2% L5% L8% L25% L50% L90% L95% L99% L eq Adj. Adj. L eq 0 62.9 75.0 49.5 74.4 73.5 70.1 67.6 61.0 55.5 50.5 49.9 49.6 62.9 10.0 72.9 1 61.4 72.4 50.1 72.0 71.3 68.7 66.5 60.0 54.5 50.8 50.5 50.2 61.4 10.0 71.4 2 60.9 72.0 49.1 71.6 71.0 68.4 66.4 59.0 53.1 49.7 49.4 49.2 60.9 10.0 70.9 3 60.5 70.7 49.5 70.3 69.5 67.4 66.0 60.1 54.2 50.0 49.8 49.6 60.5 10.0 70.5 4 65.4 75.5 51.2 75.1 74.5 72.6 71.0 65.5 59.1 52.2 51.7 51.3 65.4 10.0 75.4 5 66.7 76.6 54.6 76.1 75.4 73.0 71.2 67.3 62.5 55.9 55.2 54.7 66.7 10.0 76.7 6 68.1 78.3 55.4 77.7 76.9 74.2 72.2 68.4 64.6 58.1 56.8 55.6 68.1 10.0 78.1 7 69.0 77.8 59.8 77.3 76.6 74.1 72.9 69.4 66.8 62.6 61.5 60.2 69.0 0.0 69.0 8 67.3 75.1 57.7 74.7 74.1 72.7 71.3 68.2 65.2 60.4 59.3 58.2 67.3 0.0 67.3 9 66.7 75.4 56.0 75.0 74.5 72.3 70.7 67.1 64.4 58.7 57.4 56.3 66.7 0.0 66.7 10 68.5 79.3 58.8 78.6 77.7 75.1 72.8 67.6 64.9 60.6 59.8 59.0 68.5 0.0 68.5 11 70.2 78.9 60.1 78.2 77.2 75.1 74.1 71.3 68.1 62.2 61.2 60.3 70.2 0.0 70.2 12 66.8 75.9 56.7 75.4 74.7 72.4 70.9 67.3 64.3 59.0 58.0 57.0 66.8 0.0 66.8 13 67.4 76.3 57.2 75.9 75.4 73.6 71.4 67.7 65.0 59.6 58.4 57.3 67.4 0.0 67.4 14 68.4 78.5 57.0 78.1 77.4 75.0 73.9 67.4 64.7 60.1 58.6 57.2 68.4 0.0 68.4 15 66.9 76.2 58.1 75.6 74.9 72.5 70.5 66.9 64.7 60.4 59.4 58.3 66.9 0.0 66.9 16 68.0 76.8 59.2 76.3 75.5 73.4 71.7 68.1 66.1 62.2 60.9 59.5 68.0 0.0 68.0 17 68.5 78.9 59.0 78.3 77.5 74.7 72.1 67.7 65.7 61.6 60.5 59.3 68.5 0.0 68.5 18 68.5 78.2 58.7 77.7 76.7 74.2 72.2 68.6 66.0 61.1 59.9 58.9 68.5 0.0 68.5 19 66.4 76.2 55.8 75.7 74.8 71.9 69.7 66.5 64.1 58.7 57.3 56.0 66.4 5.0 71.4 20 66.1 75.9 55.7 75.3 74.7 72.5 70.3 65.9 63.3 58.1 57.0 55.9 66.1 5.0 71.1 21 67.1 76.7 55.1 76.3 75.6 73.6 71.7 67.2 64.0 57.3 56.2 55.2 67.1 5.0 72.1 22 65.3 74.7 52.8 74.4 73.9 71.7 70.1 65.9 61.3 54.3 53.5 52.9 65.3 10.0 75.3 23 66.5 78.8 50.9 78.2 77.4 73.7 71.4 64.0 59.1 52.1 51.5 51.1 66.5 10.0 76.5 Timeframe Hour L eq L max L min L1% L2% L5% L8% L25% L50% L90% L95% L99% Min 66.1 75.1 55.1 74.7 74.1 71.9 69.7 65.9 63.3 57.3 56.2 55.2 Max 70.2 79.3 60.1 78.6 77.7 75.1 74.1 71.3 68.1 62.6 61.5 60.3

67.9 76.6 75.8 73.5 71.8 67.8 65.2 60.2 59.0 57.9
Min 60.5 70.7 49.1 70.3 69.5 67.4 66.0 59.0 53.1 49.7 49.4 49.2 Max 68.1 78.8 55.4 78.2 77.4 74.2 72.2 68.4 64.6 58.1 56.8 55.6

64.9 74.4 73.7 71.1 69.2 63.5 58.2 52.6 52.0 51.6
24-Hour Noise Level Measurement Summary
Hourly L eq dBA Readings (unadjusted)
L eq (dBA)
Night
Wednesday, April 13, 2022 L4 - Located southwest of the Project site near Intercity Fellowship Hall at 5881 Cherry Avenue.

Night
Day
Day
Night
Energy Average
Energy Average Average:

Average:
24-Hour Daytime
(7am-10pm)
Nighttime
(10pm-7am)

67.0 67.9 64.9

62.9 61.4

60.9 60.5

65.4 66.7

68.1 69.0

67.3 66.7

68.5 70.2

66.8 67.4

68.4 66.9

68.0 68.5

68.5 66.4

66.1 67.1

65.3 66.5

35.0 40.0

45.0 50.0

55.0 60.0

65.0 70.0

75.0 80.0

85.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Hourly Leq (dBA)
Hour Beginning
Z:\Shared\UcJobs\_14600-15000\_14700\14715\04_Noise\Fieldwork\Measurements\14715_L4_M 88 Date: Location: Meter: Piccolo II JN: 14715
Project: Cherry Ave. Warehouse Source: Analyst: A. Khan Timeframe Hour L eq L max L min L1% L2% L5% L8% L25% L50% L90% L95% L99% L eq Adj. Adj. L eq 0 61.5 72.9 49.7 72.3 71.3 68.2 66.5 60.6 55.6 50.7 50.2 49.8 61.5 10.0 71.5 1 61.1 71.6 50.0 71.0 70.1 67.4 65.6 60.9 57.1 52.2 51.3 50.4 61.1 10.0 71.1 2 66.2 74.8 52.1 74.2 73.4 71.0 69.8 67.1 64.5 57.3 55.4 53.1 66.2 10.0 76.2 3 63.0 72.5 50.1 71.9 71.2 69.1 67.7 63.4 59.4 53.0 51.6 50.4 63.0 10.0 73.0 4 64.6 74.3 52.3 73.8 73.0 70.9 69.7 65.2 59.9 53.3 52.8 52.4 64.6 10.0 74.6 5 67.8 77.1 57.0 76.6 75.6 73.2 71.9 68.7 65.1 59.5 58.4 57.3 67.8 10.0 77.8 6 68.7 77.0 58.6 76.4 75.5 73.4 72.4 69.7 66.7 61.2 60.1 58.9 68.7 10.0 78.7 7 70.7 81.2 62.0 80.2 78.9 75.2 73.6 70.9 68.7 64.6 63.6 62.2 70.7 0.0 70.7 8 69.3 77.9 59.5 77.3 76.5 74.2 72.8 70.0 67.6 62.2 61.1 59.8 69.3 0.0 69.3 9 68.6 76.4 57.3 75.9 75.2 73.2 72.3 69.8 67.0 60.4 59.0 57.6 68.6 0.0 68.6 10 68.1 78.6 56.9 77.8 76.7 73.6 71.7 68.3 65.7 59.8 58.5 57.1 68.1 0.0 68.1 11 68.2 79.0 57.0 78.0 76.8 74.0 72.2 68.2 65.0 59.5 58.4 57.3 68.2 0.0 68.2 12 67.6 76.7 57.7 76.2 75.4 72.8 71.1 68.1 65.6 60.3 59.2 57.9 67.6 0.0 67.6 13 68.2 79.4 57.0 78.5 77.4 74.0 71.6 67.8 65.4 59.6 58.5 57.2 68.2 0.0 68.2 14 67.0 75.1 59.7 74.6 73.6 71.5 70.3 67.6 65.6 61.6 60.7 59.9 67.0 0.0 67.0 15 65.9 73.5 56.9 73.0 72.1 70.2 69.1 66.8 64.6 59.6 58.6 57.1 65.9 0.0 65.9 16 68.5 81.0 57.5 80.2 79.5 75.1 71.6 66.0 64.1 60.0 58.9 57.8 68.5 0.0 68.5 17 65.8 74.7 56.8 74.2 73.1 70.5 69.0 66.4 64.3 59.6 58.2 57.0 65.8 0.0 65.8 18 67.8 79.2 56.0 78.6 77.5 74.2 71.9 66.7 64.0 58.9 57.7 56.3 67.8 0.0 67.8 19 65.2 74.2 55.7 73.4 72.3 69.8 68.8 66.0 63.5 58.0 57.0 55.9 65.2 5.0 70.2 20 65.8 74.7 57.3 74.1 73.3 71.0 69.6 66.2 63.8 59.3 58.4 57.6 65.8 5.0 70.8 21 65.8 77.0 54.2 76.3 75.2 72.0 69.3 65.3 62.2 56.3 55.2 54.3 65.8 5.0 70.8 22 64.2 73.3 52.3 72.8 72.2 70.4 69.1 65.0 60.4 53.8 53.1 52.5 64.2 10.0 74.2 23 63.8 75.0 50.4 74.2 73.3 70.6 69.0 63.3 58.6 51.9 51.2 50.5 63.8 10.0 73.8 Timeframe Hour L eq L max L min L1% L2% L5% L8% L25% L50% L90% L95% L99% Min 65.2 73.5 54.2 73.0 72.1 69.8 68.8 65.3 62.2 56.3 55.2 54.3 Max 70.7 81.2 62.0 80.2 79.5 75.2 73.6 70.9 68.7 64.6 63.6 62.2

67.8 76.5 75.6 72.8 71.0 67.6 65.1 60.0 58.9 57.7
Min 61.1 71.6 49.7 71.0 70.1 67.4 65.6 60.6 55.6 50.7 50.2 49.8 Max 68.7 77.1 58.6 76.6 75.6 73.4 72.4 69.7 66.7 61.2 60.1 58.9

65.3 73.7 72.8 70.5 69.1 64.9 60.8 54.8 53.8 52.8
24-Hour Noise Level Measurement Summary
Hourly L eq dBA Readings (unadjusted)
L eq (dBA)
Night
Wednesday, April 13, 2022 L5 - Located west of the Project site near single-family residence at 1919 East Hungerford Street.

Night
Day
Day
Night
Energy Average
Energy Average Average:

Average:
24-Hour Daytime
(7am-10pm)
Nighttime
(10pm-7am)

67.0 67.8 65.3

61.5 61.1

66.2 63.0

64.6 67.8

68.7 70.7

69.3 68.6

68.1 68.2

67.6 68.2

67.0 65.9

68.5 65.8

67.8 65.2

65.8 65.8

64.2 63.8

35.0 40.0

45.0 50.0

55.0 60.0

65.0 70.0

75.0 80.0

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90 Cherry Avenue Warehouse Noise Impact Analysis
14715-03 Noise Study

APPENDIX 7.1:

CADNAA OPERATIONAL NOISE MODEL INPUTS

91 Cherry Avenue Warehouse Noise Impact Analysis
14715-03 Noise Study

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92 14715 - Cherry Avenue Warehouse
CadnaA Noise Prediction Model: 14715_03.cna
Date: 06.05.22
Analyst: S. Shami
Calculation Configuration
Configuration
Parameter Value
General
Max. Error (dB) 0.00
Max. Search Radius (#(Unit,LEN)) 2000.01
Min. Dist Src to Rcvr 0.00
Partition
Raster Factor 0.50
Max. Length of Section (#(Unit,LEN)) 999.99
Min. Length of Section (#(Unit,LEN)) 1.01
Min. Length of Section (%) 0.00
Proj. Line Sources On
Proj. Area Sources On
Ref. Time
Reference Time Day (min) 960.00
Reference Time Night (min) 480.00
Daytime Penalty (dB) 0.00
Recr. Time Penalty (dB) 5.00
Night-time Penalty (dB) 10.00
DTM
Standard Height (m) 0.00
Model of Terrain Triangulation
Reflection
max. Order of Reflection 2
Search Radius Src 100.00
Search Radius Rcvr 100.00
Max. Distance Source - Rcvr 1000.00 1000.00
Min. Distance Rvcr - Reflector 1.00 1.00
Min. Distance Source - Reflector 0.10
Industrial (ISO 9613)
Lateral Diffraction some Obj
Obst. within Area Src do not shield On
Screening Incl. Ground Att. over Barrier
Dz with limit (20/25)
Barrier Coefficients C1,2,3 3.0 20.0 0.0
Temperature (#(Unit,TEMP)) 10
rel. Humidity (%) 70
Ground Absorption G 0.50
Wind Speed for Dir. (#(Unit,SPEED)) 3.0
Roads (TNM)
Railways (FTA/FRA)
Aircraft (???)
Strictly acc. to AzB
Receiver Noise Levels
Name M. ID Level Lr Limit. Value Land Use Height Coordinates Day Night CNEL Day Night CNEL Type Auto Noise Type X Y Z (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) RECEIVERS R1 39.4 38.2 45.0 78.1 73.7 0.0 5.00 a 5979423.58 2264325.07 5.00 RECEIVERS R2 40.8 40.8 47.4 70.4 66.1 0.0 5.00 a 5980935.71 2261880.00 5.00 RECEIVERS R3 44.5 44.5 51.1 72.3 69.6 0.0 5.00 a 5979082.04 2261907.48 5.00 RECEIVERS R4 53.0 52.6 59.3 67.9 64.9 0.0 5.00 a 5979192.78 2262599.89 5.00 RECEIVERS R5 46.3 43.0 50.2 67.8 65.3 0.0 5.00 a 5979204.88 2263271.20 5.00 Point Source(s)
Name M. ID Result. PWL Lw / Li Operating Time Height Coordinates Day Evening Night Type Value norm. Day Special Night X Y Z (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) dB(A) (min) (min) (min) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) POINTSOURCE PARK10 87.8 87.8 87.8 Lw 87.8 5.00 a 5980359.31 2262981.09 5.00 POINTSOURCE PARK09 87.8 87.8 87.8 Lw 87.8 5.00 a 5980265.64 2262982.66 5.00 POINTSOURCE PARK08 87.8 87.8 87.8 Lw 87.8 5.00 a 5979347.26 2263100.83 5.00 POINTSOURCE PARK07 87.8 87.8 87.8 Lw 87.8 5.00 a 5979346.11 2263032.03 5.00 POINTSOURCE PARK06 87.8 87.8 87.8 Lw 87.8 5.00 a 5979346.82 2262925.89 5.00 POINTSOURCE PARK05 87.8 87.8 87.8 Lw 87.8 5.00 a 5979344.12 2262863.75 5.00 POINTSOURCE PARK04 87.8 87.8 87.8 Lw 87.8 5.00 a 5979343.97 2262804.88 5.00 POINTSOURCE PARK03 87.8 87.8 87.8 Lw 87.8 5.00 a 5979344.72 2262750.97 5.00 POINTSOURCE PARK02 87.8 87.8 87.8 Lw 87.8 5.00 a 5979353.81 2262649.67 5.00 POINTSOURCE PARK01 87.8 87.8 87.8 Lw 87.8 5.00 a 5979433.40 2262649.16 5.00 POINTSOURCE TRASH01 89.0 89.0 89.0 Lw 89.0 150.00 0.00 90.00 5.00 a 5980186.73 2262775.86 5.00 POINTSOURCE AC01 88.9 88.9 88.9 Lw 88.9 585.00 0.00 252.00 5.00 g 5979416.78 2262746.45 50.00 Urban Crossroads, Inc.
93 Line Source(s)
Name M. ID Result. PWL Result. PWL' Lw / Li Operating Time Moving Pt. Src Height Day Evening Night Day Evening Night Type Value norm. Day Special Night Number Speed (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) dB(A) (min) (min) (min) Day Evening Night (mph) (ft) LINESOURCE TRUCK01 97.4 83.1 87.9 72.3 58.0 62.7 PWL-Pt 93.2 81.0 3.0 9.0 6.2 8 a LINESOURCE TRUCK02 90.0 75.7 80.5 72.3 58.0 62.7 PWL-Pt 93.2 81.0 3.0 9.0 6.2 8 a Name Height Coordinates
Begin End x y z Ground
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
LINESOURCE 8.00 a 5980192.42 2262967.16 8.00 0.00
5980193.83 2263150.52 8.00 0.00
5979304.58 2263170.35 8.00 0.00
LINESOURCE 8.00 a 5979492.41 2262677.22 8.00 0.00
5979298.02 2262678.77 8.00 0.00
Area Source(s)
Name M. ID Result. PWL Result. PWL'' Lw / Li Operating Time Height Day Evening Night Day Evening Night Type Value norm. Day Special Night (ft) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) dB(A) (min) (min) (min) AREASOURCE DOCK01 111.5 111.5 111.5 68.6 68.6 68.6 Lw 111.5 8 a Name Height Coordinates
Begin End x y z Ground
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
AREASOURCE 8.00 a 5979493.47 2262770.87 8.00 0.00
5980167.41 2262761.26 8.00 0.00
5980169.95 2262967.66 8.00 0.00
5980480.86 2262960.82 8.00 0.00
5980476.66 2262610.98 8.00 0.00
5979491.03 2262624.98 8.00 0.00
5979493.29 2262710.35 8.00 0.00
Building(s)
Name M. ID RB Residents Absorption Height Coordinates
Begin x y z Ground
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
BUILDING BUILDING00001 x 0 45.00 a 5979385.32 2263145.80 45.00 0.00 5980172.01 2263135.13 45.00 0.00
5980167.41 2262761.26 45.00 0.00
5979493.47 2262770.87 45.00 0.00
5979493.29 2262710.35 45.00 0.00
5979388.13 2262718.74 45.00 0.00
5979385.70 2262771.85 45.00 0.00
5979383.21 2262771.89 45.00 0.00
5979384.62 2262806.69 45.00 0.00
5979380.45 2262805.10 45.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00002 x 0 20.00 a 5979654.96 2262556.77 20.00 0.00 5980014.80 2262553.79 20.00 0.00
5980012.39 2262273.49 20.00 0.00
5979651.09 2262280.29 20.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00003 x 0 25.00 a 5980078.88 2262443.61 25.00 0.00 5980225.83 2262441.15 25.00 0.00
5980224.64 2262279.79 25.00 0.00
5980076.23 2262285.30 25.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00004 x 0 35.00 a 5979297.61 2262573.36 35.00 0.00 5979431.72 2262573.39 35.00 0.00
5979430.49 2262499.91 35.00 0.00
5979298.68 2262501.36 35.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00005 x 0 15.00 a 5980308.40 2262577.59 15.00 0.00 5980384.25 2262576.32 15.00 0.00
5980384.41 2262556.87 15.00 0.00
5980309.06 2262558.61 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00006 x 0 15.00 a 5980414.86 2262574.84 15.00 0.00 5980491.71 2262575.01 15.00 0.00
5980491.37 2262555.08 15.00 0.00
5980414.05 2262555.40 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00007 x 0 15.00 a 5980298.18 2262547.61 15.00 0.00 5980393.96 2262546.01 15.00 0.00
5980393.59 2262524.13 15.00 0.00
5980297.82 2262526.22 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00008 x 0 15.00 a 5980404.64 2262545.34 15.00 0.00 5980500.46 2262546.17 15.00 0.00
5980501.57 2262524.75 15.00 0.00
5980406.76 2262526.34 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00009 x 0 15.00 a 5980308.35 2262516.31 15.00 0.00 5980393.94 2262515.85 15.00 0.00
5980393.61 2262496.41 15.00 0.00
Urban Crossroads, Inc.
94 Name M. ID RB Residents Absorption Height Coordinates Begin x y z Ground
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
5980309.01 2262497.34 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00010 x 0 15.00 a 5980403.65 2262515.21 15.00 0.00 5980490.71 2262515.69 15.00 0.00
5980490.37 2262495.27 15.00 0.00
5980405.28 2262496.21 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00011 x 0 15.00 a 5980308.35 2262487.13 15.00 0.00 5980393.45 2262486.68 15.00 0.00
5980393.57 2262464.80 15.00 0.00
5980307.52 2262466.72 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00012 x 0 15.00 a 5980402.68 2262486.04 15.00 0.00 5980489.22 2262484.59 15.00 0.00
5980490.81 2262463.17 15.00 0.00
5980403.78 2262464.63 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00013 x 0 15.00 a 5980297.62 2262456.19 15.00 0.00 5980392.91 2262454.59 15.00 0.00
5980392.57 2262434.17 15.00 0.00
5980296.77 2262434.32 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00014 x 0 15.00 a 5980404.11 2262455.38 15.00 0.00 5980498.46 2262455.26 15.00 0.00
5980499.07 2262433.85 15.00 0.00
5980404.26 2262434.95 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00015 x 0 15.00 a 5980306.86 2262426.85 15.00 0.00 5980394.40 2262427.33 15.00 0.00
5980393.03 2262403.53 15.00 0.00
5980307.01 2262406.91 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00016 x 0 15.00 a 5980402.64 2262425.25 15.00 0.00 5980487.74 2262425.29 15.00 0.00
5980488.38 2262405.34 15.00 0.00
5980403.27 2262405.30 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00017 x 0 15.00 a 5980300.26 2262323.38 15.00 0.00 5980494.71 2262318.18 15.00 0.00
5980494.70 2262288.51 15.00 0.00
5980299.72 2262291.29 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00018 x 0 15.00 a 5980299.33 2262267.46 15.00 0.00 5980494.79 2262265.17 15.00 0.00
5980494.73 2262232.10 15.00 0.00
5980298.28 2262233.92 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00019 x 0 15.00 a 5980301.56 2262367.18 15.00 0.00 5980389.15 2262366.75 15.00 0.00
5980388.32 2262347.70 15.00 0.00
5980299.17 2262347.13 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00020 x 0 15.00 a 5980403.56 2262365.48 15.00 0.00 5980489.58 2262364.04 15.00 0.00
5980489.75 2262343.43 15.00 0.00
5980401.66 2262344.38 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00021 x 0 30.00 a 5980763.58 2262171.90 30.00 0.00 5980806.34 2262171.70 30.00 0.00
5980806.98 2262147.99 30.00 0.00
5980905.90 2262147.36 30.00 0.00
5980905.92 2262087.08 30.00 0.00
5980762.72 2262089.99 30.00 0.00
Urban Crossroads, Inc.
95 Cherry Avenue Warehouse Noise Impact Analysis
14715-03 Noise Study

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96 Cherry Avenue Warehouse Noise Impact Analysis
14715-03 Noise Study

APPENDIX 8.1:

CADNAA CONSTRUCTION NOISE MODEL INPUTS

97 Cherry Avenue Warehouse Noise Impact Analysis
14715-03 Noise Study

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98 14715 - Cherry Avenue Warehouse
CadnaA Noise Prediction Model: 14715_02 - Construction.cna Date: 05.05.22
Analyst: S. Shami
Calculation Configuration
Configuration
Parameter Value
General
Max. Error (dB) 0.00
Max. Search Radius (#(Unit,LEN)) 2000.01
Min. Dist Src to Rcvr 0.00
Partition
Raster Factor 0.50
Max. Length of Section (#(Unit,LEN)) 999.99
Min. Length of Section (#(Unit,LEN)) 1.01
Min. Length of Section (%) 0.00
Proj. Line Sources On
Proj. Area Sources On
Ref. Time
Reference Time Day (min) 960.00
Reference Time Night (min) 480.00
Daytime Penalty (dB) 0.00
Recr. Time Penalty (dB) 5.00
Night-time Penalty (dB) 10.00
DTM
Standard Height (m) 0.00
Model of Terrain Triangulation
Reflection
max. Order of Reflection 2
Search Radius Src 100.00
Search Radius Rcvr 100.00
Max. Distance Source - Rcvr 1000.00 1000.00
Min. Distance Rvcr - Reflector 1.00 1.00
Min. Distance Source - Reflector 0.10
Industrial (ISO 9613)
Lateral Diffraction some Obj
Obst. within Area Src do not shield On
Screening Incl. Ground Att. over Barrier
Dz with limit (20/25)
Barrier Coefficients C1,2,3 3.0 20.0 0.0
Temperature (#(Unit,TEMP)) 10
rel. Humidity (%) 70
Ground Absorption G 0.50
Wind Speed for Dir. (#(Unit,SPEED)) 3.0
Roads (TNM)
Railways (FTA/FRA)
Aircraft (???)
Strictly acc. to AzB
Receiver Noise Levels
Name M. ID Level Lr Limit. Value Land Use Height Coordinates Day Night CNEL Day Night CNEL Type Auto Noise Type X Y Z (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) RECEIVERS R1 56.9 56.9 63.6 50.0 45.0 0.0 5.00 a 5979423.58 2264325.07 5.00 RECEIVERS R2 49.5 49.5 56.2 50.0 45.0 0.0 5.00 a 5980935.71 2261880.00 5.00 RECEIVERS R3 54.1 54.1 60.8 50.0 45.0 0.0 5.00 a 5979082.04 2261907.48 5.00 RECEIVERS R4 69.8 69.8 76.4 50.0 45.0 0.0 5.00 a 5979192.78 2262599.89 5.00 RECEIVERS R5 70.8 70.8 77.4 50.0 45.0 0.0 5.00 a 5979204.88 2263271.20 5.00 Point Source(s)
Name M. ID Result. PWL Lw / Li Operating Time Height Coordinates Day Evening Night Type Value norm. Day Special Night X Y Z (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) dB(A) (min) (min) (min) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) CONSTRUCTION 115.0 115.0 115.0 Lw 115 8.00 a 5980493.74 2262651.53 8.00 CONSTRUCTION 115.0 115.0 115.0 Lw 115 8.00 a 5980486.19 2263235.15 8.00 CONSTRUCTION 115.0 115.0 115.0 Lw 115 8.00 a 5979356.67 2263240.19 8.00 CONSTRUCTION 115.0 115.0 115.0 Lw 115 8.00 a 5979346.61 2262679.20 8.00 Area Source(s)
Name M. ID Result. PWL Result. PWL'' Lw / Li Operating Time Height Day Evening Night Day Evening Night Type Value norm. Day Special Night (ft) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) dB(A) (min) (min) (min) SITEBOUNDARY CONSTRUCTION 115.0 115.0 115.0 66.2 66.2 66.2 Lw 115 8 a Urban Crossroads, Inc.
99 Name Height Coordinates
Begin End x y z Ground
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
SITEBOUNDARY 8.00 a 5979297.27 2262622.91 8.00 0.00
5979306.11 2263285.14 8.00 0.00
5980536.24 2263268.84 8.00 0.00
5980528.12 2262604.31 8.00 0.00
Building(s)
Name M. ID RB Residents Absorption Height Coordinates
Begin x y z Ground
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
BUILDING BUILDING00002 x 0 20.00 a 5979654.96 2262556.77 20.00 0.00 5980014.80 2262553.79 20.00 0.00
5980012.39 2262273.49 20.00 0.00
5979651.09 2262280.29 20.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00003 x 0 25.00 a 5980078.88 2262443.61 25.00 0.00 5980225.83 2262441.15 25.00 0.00
5980224.64 2262279.79 25.00 0.00
5980076.23 2262285.30 25.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00004 x 0 35.00 a 5979297.61 2262573.36 35.00 0.00 5979431.72 2262573.39 35.00 0.00
5979430.49 2262499.91 35.00 0.00
5979298.68 2262501.36 35.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00005 x 0 15.00 a 5980308.40 2262577.59 15.00 0.00 5980384.25 2262576.32 15.00 0.00
5980384.41 2262556.87 15.00 0.00
5980309.06 2262558.61 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00006 x 0 15.00 a 5980414.86 2262574.84 15.00 0.00 5980491.71 2262575.01 15.00 0.00
5980491.37 2262555.08 15.00 0.00
5980414.05 2262555.40 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00007 x 0 15.00 a 5980298.18 2262547.61 15.00 0.00 5980393.96 2262546.01 15.00 0.00
5980393.59 2262524.13 15.00 0.00
5980297.82 2262526.22 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00008 x 0 15.00 a 5980404.64 2262545.34 15.00 0.00 5980500.46 2262546.17 15.00 0.00
5980501.57 2262524.75 15.00 0.00
5980406.76 2262526.34 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00009 x 0 15.00 a 5980308.35 2262516.31 15.00 0.00 5980393.94 2262515.85 15.00 0.00
5980393.61 2262496.41 15.00 0.00
5980309.01 2262497.34 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00010 x 0 15.00 a 5980403.65 2262515.21 15.00 0.00 5980490.71 2262515.69 15.00 0.00
5980490.37 2262495.27 15.00 0.00
5980405.28 2262496.21 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00011 x 0 15.00 a 5980308.35 2262487.13 15.00 0.00 5980393.45 2262486.68 15.00 0.00
5980393.57 2262464.80 15.00 0.00
5980307.52 2262466.72 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00012 x 0 15.00 a 5980402.68 2262486.04 15.00 0.00 5980489.22 2262484.59 15.00 0.00
5980490.81 2262463.17 15.00 0.00
5980403.78 2262464.63 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00013 x 0 15.00 a 5980297.62 2262456.19 15.00 0.00 5980392.91 2262454.59 15.00 0.00
5980392.57 2262434.17 15.00 0.00
5980296.77 2262434.32 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00014 x 0 15.00 a 5980404.11 2262455.38 15.00 0.00 5980498.46 2262455.26 15.00 0.00
5980499.07 2262433.85 15.00 0.00
5980404.26 2262434.95 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00015 x 0 15.00 a 5980306.86 2262426.85 15.00 0.00 5980394.40 2262427.33 15.00 0.00
5980393.03 2262403.53 15.00 0.00
5980307.01 2262406.91 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00016 x 0 15.00 a 5980402.64 2262425.25 15.00 0.00 5980487.74 2262425.29 15.00 0.00
5980488.38 2262405.34 15.00 0.00
5980403.27 2262405.30 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00017 x 0 15.00 a 5980300.26 2262323.38 15.00 0.00 5980494.71 2262318.18 15.00 0.00
5980494.70 2262288.51 15.00 0.00
5980299.72 2262291.29 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00018 x 0 15.00 a 5980299.33 2262267.46 15.00 0.00 5980494.79 2262265.17 15.00 0.00
5980494.73 2262232.10 15.00 0.00
Urban Crossroads, Inc.
100
Name M. ID RB Residents Absorption Height Coordinates
Begin x y z Ground
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
5980298.28 2262233.92 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00019 x 0 15.00 a 5980301.56 2262367.18 15.00 0.00 5980389.15 2262366.75 15.00 0.00
5980388.32 2262347.70 15.00 0.00
5980299.17 2262347.13 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00020 x 0 15.00 a 5980403.56 2262365.48 15.00 0.00 5980489.58 2262364.04 15.00 0.00
5980489.75 2262343.43 15.00 0.00
5980401.66 2262344.38 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00021 x 0 30.00 a 5980763.58 2262171.90 30.00 0.00 5980806.34 2262171.70 30.00 0.00
5980806.98 2262147.99 30.00 0.00
5980905.90 2262147.36 30.00 0.00
5980905.92 2262087.08 30.00 0.00
5980762.72 2262089.99 30.00 0.00
Urban Crossroads, Inc.
101
Cherry Avenue Warehouse Noise Impact Analysis
14715-03 Noise Study

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102
Cherry Avenue Warehouse Noise Impact Analysis
14715-03 Noise Study

APPENDIX 8.2:

CADNAA CONCRETE POUR NOISE MODEL INPUTS

103
Cherry Avenue Warehouse Noise Impact Analysis
14715-03 Noise Study

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104
14715 - Cherry Avenue Warehouse
CadnaA Noise Prediction Model: 14715_02 - ConcretePour.cna Date: 05.05.22
Analyst: S. Shami
Calculation Configuration
Configuration
Parameter Value
General
Max. Error (dB) 0.00
Max. Search Radius (#(Unit,LEN)) 2000.01
Min. Dist Src to Rcvr 0.00
Partition
Raster Factor 0.50
Max. Length of Section (#(Unit,LEN)) 999.99
Min. Length of Section (#(Unit,LEN)) 1.01
Min. Length of Section (%) 0.00
Proj. Line Sources On
Proj. Area Sources On
Ref. Time
Reference Time Day (min) 960.00
Reference Time Night (min) 480.00
Daytime Penalty (dB) 0.00
Recr. Time Penalty (dB) 5.00
Night-time Penalty (dB) 10.00
DTM
Standard Height (m) 0.00
Model of Terrain Triangulation
Reflection
max. Order of Reflection 2
Search Radius Src 100.00
Search Radius Rcvr 100.00
Max. Distance Source - Rcvr 1000.00 1000.00
Min. Distance Rvcr - Reflector 1.00 1.00
Min. Distance Source - Reflector 0.10
Industrial (ISO 9613)
Lateral Diffraction some Obj
Obst. within Area Src do not shield On
Screening Incl. Ground Att. over Barrier
Dz with limit (20/25)
Barrier Coefficients C1,2,3 3.0 20.0 0.0
Temperature (#(Unit,TEMP)) 10
rel. Humidity (%) 70
Ground Absorption G 0.50
Wind Speed for Dir. (#(Unit,SPEED)) 3.0
Roads (TNM)
Railways (FTA/FRA)
Aircraft (???)
Strictly acc. to AzB
Receiver Noise Levels
Name M. ID Level Lr Limit. Value Land Use Height Coordinates Day Night CNEL Day Night CNEL Type Auto Noise Type X Y Z (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) RECEIVERS R1 34.5 34.5 41.1 50.0 45.0 0.0 5.00 a 5979423.58 2264325.07 5.00 RECEIVERS R2 28.4 28.4 35.1 50.0 45.0 0.0 5.00 a 5980935.71 2261880.00 5.00 RECEIVERS R3 32.5 32.5 39.1 50.0 45.0 0.0 5.00 a 5979082.04 2261907.48 5.00 RECEIVERS R4 42.2 42.2 48.9 50.0 45.0 0.0 5.00 a 5979192.78 2262599.89 5.00 RECEIVERS R5 42.5 42.5 49.2 50.0 45.0 0.0 5.00 a 5979204.88 2263271.20 5.00 Area Source(s)
Name M. ID Result. PWL Result. PWL'' Lw / Li Operating Time Height Day Evening Night Day Evening Night Type Value norm. Day Special Night (ft) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) dB(A) (min) (min) (min) BUILDING CONCRETEPOUR 100.3 100.3 100.3 55.8 55.8 55.8 Lw 100.3 6 a Name Height Coordinates
Begin End x y z Ground
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
BUILDING 6.00 a 5979385.32 2263145.80 6.00 0.00
5980172.01 2263135.13 6.00 0.00
5980167.41 2262761.26 6.00 0.00
5979493.47 2262770.87 6.00 0.00
5979493.29 2262710.35 6.00 0.00
5979388.13 2262718.74 6.00 0.00
5979385.70 2262771.85 6.00 0.00
5979383.21 2262771.89 6.00 0.00
Urban Crossroads, Inc.
105
Name Height Coordinates
Begin End x y z Ground
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
5979384.62 2262806.69 6.00 0.00
5979380.45 2262805.10 6.00 0.00
Building(s)
Name M. ID RB Residents Absorption Height Coordinates
Begin x y z Ground
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
BUILDING BUILDING00002 x 0 20.00 a 5979654.96 2262556.77 20.00 0.00 5980014.80 2262553.79 20.00 0.00
5980012.39 2262273.49 20.00 0.00
5979651.09 2262280.29 20.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00003 x 0 25.00 a 5980078.88 2262443.61 25.00 0.00 5980225.83 2262441.15 25.00 0.00
5980224.64 2262279.79 25.00 0.00
5980076.23 2262285.30 25.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00004 x 0 35.00 a 5979297.61 2262573.36 35.00 0.00 5979431.72 2262573.39 35.00 0.00
5979430.49 2262499.91 35.00 0.00
5979298.68 2262501.36 35.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00005 x 0 15.00 a 5980308.40 2262577.59 15.00 0.00 5980384.25 2262576.32 15.00 0.00
5980384.41 2262556.87 15.00 0.00
5980309.06 2262558.61 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00006 x 0 15.00 a 5980414.86 2262574.84 15.00 0.00 5980491.71 2262575.01 15.00 0.00
5980491.37 2262555.08 15.00 0.00
5980414.05 2262555.40 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00007 x 0 15.00 a 5980298.18 2262547.61 15.00 0.00 5980393.96 2262546.01 15.00 0.00
5980393.59 2262524.13 15.00 0.00
5980297.82 2262526.22 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00008 x 0 15.00 a 5980404.64 2262545.34 15.00 0.00 5980500.46 2262546.17 15.00 0.00
5980501.57 2262524.75 15.00 0.00
5980406.76 2262526.34 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00009 x 0 15.00 a 5980308.35 2262516.31 15.00 0.00 5980393.94 2262515.85 15.00 0.00
5980393.61 2262496.41 15.00 0.00
5980309.01 2262497.34 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00010 x 0 15.00 a 5980403.65 2262515.21 15.00 0.00 5980490.71 2262515.69 15.00 0.00
5980490.37 2262495.27 15.00 0.00
5980405.28 2262496.21 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00011 x 0 15.00 a 5980308.35 2262487.13 15.00 0.00 5980393.45 2262486.68 15.00 0.00
5980393.57 2262464.80 15.00 0.00
5980307.52 2262466.72 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00012 x 0 15.00 a 5980402.68 2262486.04 15.00 0.00 5980489.22 2262484.59 15.00 0.00
5980490.81 2262463.17 15.00 0.00
5980403.78 2262464.63 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00013 x 0 15.00 a 5980297.62 2262456.19 15.00 0.00 5980392.91 2262454.59 15.00 0.00
5980392.57 2262434.17 15.00 0.00
5980296.77 2262434.32 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00014 x 0 15.00 a 5980404.11 2262455.38 15.00 0.00 5980498.46 2262455.26 15.00 0.00
5980499.07 2262433.85 15.00 0.00
5980404.26 2262434.95 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00015 x 0 15.00 a 5980306.86 2262426.85 15.00 0.00 5980394.40 2262427.33 15.00 0.00
5980393.03 2262403.53 15.00 0.00
5980307.01 2262406.91 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00016 x 0 15.00 a 5980402.64 2262425.25 15.00 0.00 5980487.74 2262425.29 15.00 0.00
5980488.38 2262405.34 15.00 0.00
5980403.27 2262405.30 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00017 x 0 15.00 a 5980300.26 2262323.38 15.00 0.00 5980494.71 2262318.18 15.00 0.00
5980494.70 2262288.51 15.00 0.00
5980299.72 2262291.29 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00018 x 0 15.00 a 5980299.33 2262267.46 15.00 0.00 5980494.79 2262265.17 15.00 0.00
5980494.73 2262232.10 15.00 0.00
5980298.28 2262233.92 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00019 x 0 15.00 a 5980301.56 2262367.18 15.00 0.00 Urban Crossroads, Inc.
106
Name M. ID RB Residents Absorption Height Coordinates
Begin x y z Ground
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
5980389.15 2262366.75 15.00 0.00
5980388.32 2262347.70 15.00 0.00
5980299.17 2262347.13 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00020 x 0 15.00 a 5980403.56 2262365.48 15.00 0.00 5980489.58 2262364.04 15.00 0.00
5980489.75 2262343.43 15.00 0.00
5980401.66 2262344.38 15.00 0.00
BUILDING BUILDING00021 x 0 30.00 a 5980763.58 2262171.90 30.00 0.00 5980806.34 2262171.70 30.00 0.00
5980806.98 2262147.99 30.00 0.00
5980905.90 2262147.36 30.00 0.00
5980905.92 2262087.08 30.00 0.00
5980762.72 2262089.99 30.00 0.00
Urban Crossroads, Inc.
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Cherry Avenue Warehouse Noise Impact Analysis
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Cherry Avenue Warehouse

AIR QUALITY IMPACT ANALYSIS

CITY OF LONG BEACH
PREPARED BY:

Haseeb Qureshi
[email protected]
Alyssa Barnett
[email protected]
MAY 11, 2022
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Attachment I
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... I APPENDICES ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... II LIST OF EXHIBITS ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ II LIST OF TABLES ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. II LIST OF ABBREVIATED TERMS ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... IV EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 1 ES.1 Summary of Findings ..................................................................................................................... 1 ES.2 Regulatory Requirements ............................................................................................................. 1 1 INTRODUCTION ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 5

1.1 Site Location .................................................................................................................................. 5

1.2 Project Description ........................................................................................................................ 5 2 AIR QUALITY SETTING ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 9

2.1 South Coast Air Basin (SCAB) ........................................................................................................ 9

2.2 Regional Climate ........................................................................................................................... 9

2.3 Wind Patterns and Project Location ........................................................................................... 10

2.4 Criteria Pollutants ....................................................................................................................... 11

2.5 Existing Air Quality ...................................................................................................................... 18

2.6 Regional Air Quality .................................................................................................................... 21

2.7 Local Air Quality .......................................................................................................................... 21

2.8 Regulatory Background ............................................................................................................... 22

2.9 Regional Air Quality Improvement ............................................................................................. 26 3 PROJECT AIR QUALITY IMPACT ................................ ................................ ................................ 38

3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 38

3.2 Standards of Significance ............................................................................................................ 38

3.3 Models Employed To Analyze Air Quality ................................................................................... 39

3.4 Construction Emissions ............................................................................................................... 39

3.5 Operational Emissions ................................................................................................................ 42

3.6 Localized Significance .................................................................................................................. 47

3.7 Construction-Source Emissions LST Analysis .............................................................................. 53

3.8 Operational-Source Emissions LST Analysis ................................................................................ 54

3.9 CO “Hot Spot” Analysis ............................................................................................................... 56

3.10 AQMP .......................................................................................................................................... 57

3.11 Potential Impacts to Sensitive Receptors ................................................................................... 60

3.12 Odors ........................................................................................................................................... 61

3.13 Cumulative Impacts .................................................................................................................... 62 4 REFERENCES ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 65 5 CERTIFICATIONS ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 69

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APPENDICES
APPENDIX 2.1: STATE/FEDERAL ATTAINMENT STATUS OF CRITERIA POLLUTANTS APPENDIX 3.1: CALEEMOD CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS MODEL OUTPUTS APPENDIX 3.2: CALEEMOD EXISTING OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS MODEL OUTPUTS APPENDIX 3.3: CALEEMOD HIGH-CUBE FULFILLMENT (NON-SORT) (85%) OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS

MODEL OUTPUTS
APPENDIX 3.4: CALEEMOD HIGH-CUBE COLD STORAGE (15%) OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS MODEL

OUTPUTS
APPENDIX 3.5: SCAQMD AMICUS BRIEF

LIST OF EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT 1-A: LOCATION MAP ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 6 EXHIBIT 1-B: SITE PLAN ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 7 EXHIBIT 2-A: DPM AND DIESEL VEHICLE MILES TREND ................................ ................................ ....... 35 EXHIBIT 3-A: SENSITIVE RECEPTOR LOCATIONS ................................ ................................ ................. 52

LIST OF TABLES
TABLE ES-1: SUMMARY OF CEQA SIGNIFICANCE FINDINGS ................................ ................................ . 1 TABLE 2-1: CRITERIA POLLUTANTS ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 11 TABLE 2-2: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (1 OF 2)................................ ................................ .... 19 TABLE 2-2: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (2 OF 2)................................ ................................ .... 20 TABLE 2-3: ATTAINMENT STATUS OF CRITERIA POLLUTANTS IN THE SCAB ................................ ......... 21 TABLE 2-4: PROJECT AREA AIR QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY 2018-2020................................ .... 22 TABLE 2-5: SCAB O3 TREND ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 28 TABLE 2-6: SCAB AVERAGE 24-HOUR CONCENTRATION PM10 TREND (BASED ON FEDERAL STANDARD)1 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 29 TABLE 2-7: SCAB ANNUAL AVERAGE CONCENTRATION PM10 TREND (BASED ON STATE STANDARD)1 .. 29 TABLE 2-8: SCAB 24-HOUR AVERAGE CONCENTRATION PM2.5 TREND (BASED ON FEDERAL STANDARD)1 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 30 TABLE 2-9: SCAB ANNUAL AVERAGE CONCENTRATION PM2.5 TREND (BASED ON STATE STANDARD)1 . 30 TABLE 2-10: SCAB 8-HOUR AVERAGE CONCENTRATION CO TREND1 ................................ ................... 32 TABLE 2-11: SCAB 1-HOUR AVERAGE CONCENTRATION NO2 TREND (BASED ON FEDERAL STANDARD) 33 TABLE 2-12: SCAB 1-HOUR AVERAGE CONCENTRATION NO2 TREND (BASED ON STATE STANDARD) ... 33 TABLE 3-1: MAXIMUM DAILY REGIONAL EMISSIONS THRESHOLDS ................................ .................... 38 TABLE 3-2: CONSTRUCTION TRIP ASSUMPTIONS ................................ ................................ ............... 40 TABLE 3-3: CONSTRUCTION DURATION ................................ ................................ ............................. 41 TABLE 3-4: CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT ASSUMPTIONS (1 OF 2) ................................ ...................... 41 TABLE 3-4: CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT ASSUMPTIONS (2 OF 2) ................................ ...................... 42 TABLE 3-5: OVERALL CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS SUMMARY – WITHOUT MITIGATION ..................... 42 TABLE 3-6: PASSENGER CAR FLEET MIX ................................ ................................ ............................. 44 TABLE 3-7: TRUCK FLEET MIX ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 45 TABLE 3-8: EMISSIONS FROM EXISTING DEVELOPMENT ................................ ................................ .... 46 Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis

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TABLE 3-9: SUMMARY OF PEAK OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS ................................ ............................... 47 TABLE 3-10: MAXIMUM DAILY DISTURBED-ACREAGE ................................ ................................ ........ 50 TABLE 3-11: MAXIMUM DAILY LOCALIZED CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS THRESHOLDS ........................ 53 TABLE 3-12: LOCALIZED CONSTRUCTION-SOURCE EMISSIONS – WITHOUT MITIGATION ..................... 54 TABLE 3-13: MAXIMUM DAILY LOCAL IZED OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS THRESHOLDS .......................... 55 TABLE 3-14: LOCALIZED SIGNIFICANCE SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS – WITHOUT MITIGATION ............ 55 TABLE 3-15: CO MODEL RESULTS ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 56 TABLE 3-16: TRAFFIC VOLUMES ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 57 Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis

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LIST OF ABBREVIATED TERMS
% Percent
°F Degrees Fahrenheit
(1) Reference
µg/m3 Microgram per Cubic Meter
1992 CO Plan 1992 Federal Attainment Plan for Carbon Monoxide 1993 CEQA Handbook SCAQMD’s CEQA Air Quality Handbook (1993) 2016-2040 RTP/SCS 2016-2040 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy
AB 2595 California Clean Air Act
AQIA Air Quality Impact Analysis
AQMP Air Quality Management Plan
BACT Best Available Control Technology
BC Black Carbon
Brief Brief of Amicus Curiae by the SCAQMD in the Friant Ranch Case
C2Cl4 Perchloroethylene
C4H6 1,3-butadiene
C6H6 Benzene
C2H3Cl Vinyl Chloride
C2H4O Acetaldehyde
CAA Federal Clean Air Act
CAAQS California Ambient Air Quality Standards
CalEEMod California Emissions Estimator Model
CalEPA California Environmental Protection Agency
CALGreen California Green Building Standards Code
CAP Climate Action Plan
CAPCOA California Air Pollution Control Officers Association CARB California Air Resources Board
CCR California Code of Regulations
CEC California Energy Commission
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
CEQA Guidelines 2019 CEQA Statute and Guidelines
CH2O Formaldehyde
City City of Long Beach
CO Carbon Monoxide
COH Coefficient of Haze
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COHb Carboxyhemoglobin
Cr(VI) Chromium
CTP Clean Truck Program
DPM Diesel Particulate Matter
DRRP Diesel Risk Reduction Plan
EC Elemental Carbon
EIR Environmental Impact Report
EMFAC EMissions FACtor Model
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ETW Equivalent Test Weight
FAR Floor Area Ratio
GHG Greenhouse Gas
GVWR Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
H2S Hydrogen Sulfide
HDT Heavy Duty Trucks
HHDT Heavy-Heavy-Duty Trucks
HI Hazard Index
hp Horsepower
lbs Pounds
lbs/day Pounds Per Day
LDA Light Duty Auto
LDT1/LDT2 Light-Duty Trucks
LHDT1/LHDT2 Light-Heavy-Duty Trucks
LST Localized Significance Threshold
LST Methodology Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology MATES Multiple Air Toxics Exposure Study
MCY Motorcycles
MDV Medium-Duty Vehicles
MHDT Medium-Heavy-Duty Trucks
MICR Maximum Individual Cancer Risk
MM Mitigation Measures
mph Miles Per Hour
MWELO California Department of Water Resources’ Model Water Efficient
N2 Nitrogen
N2O Nitrous Oxide
NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards
NO Nitric Oxide
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NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide
NOX Nitrogen Oxides
O2 Oxygen
O3 Ozone
O2 Deficiency Chronic Hypoxemia
OBD-II On-Board Diagnostic
ODC Ozone Depleting Compounds
Pb Lead
PM10 Particulate Matter 10 microns in diameter or less
PM2.5 Particulate Matter 2.5 microns in diameter or less POLA Port of Los Angeles
POLB Port of Long Beach
ppm Parts Per Million
Project Cherry Avenue Warehouse
RECLAIM Regional Clean Air Incentives Market
RFG-2 Reformulated Gasoline Regulation
ROG Reactive Organic Gases
SCAB South Coast Air Basin
SCAG Southern California Association of Governments
SCAQMD South Coast Air Quality Management District
sf Square Feet
SIPs State Implementation Plans
SO2 Sulfur Dioxide
SO4 Sulfates
SOX Sulfur Oxides
SoCalGas The Southern California Gas Company
SRA Source Receptor Area
TAC Toxic Air Contaminant
Title 24 California Building Code
TITLE I Non-Attainment Provisions
TITLE II Mobile Sources Provisions
UFP Ultrafine Particles
URBEMIS URBan EMISsions
VMT Vehicle Miles Traveled
VOC Volatile Organic Compounds
vph Vehicles Per Hour
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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ES.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
The results of this Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis (AQIA) are summarized below based on the significance criteria in Section 3 of this report consistent with Appendix G of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines (CEQA Guidelines ) (1). Table ES -1 shows the findings o f significance for each potential air quality impact under CEQA before and after any required mitigation measures (MM) described below.

TABLE ES-1: SUMMARY OF CEQA SIGNIFICANCE FINDINGS
Analysis Report
Section
Significance Findings
Unmitigated Mitigated
Regional Construction Emissions 3.4 Less Than Significant n/a Localized Construction Emissions 3.7 Less Than Significant n/a Regional Operational Emissions 3.5 Less Than Significant n/a Localized Operational Emissions 3.8 Less Than Significant n/a CO “Hot Spot” Analysis 3.9 Less Than Significant n/a
Air Quality Management Plan 3.10 Less Than Significant n/a Sensitive Receptors 3.11 Less Than Significant n/a
Odors 3.12 Less Than Significant n/a
Cumulative Impacts 3.13 Less Than Significant n/a
ES.2 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
There are numerous requirements that development projects must comply with by law, and that were put in place by federal, State, and local regulatory agencies for the improvement of air quality.

Any operation or activity that might cause the emission of any smoke, fly ash, dust, fumes, vapors, gases, or other forms of air pollution, which can cause damage to human health, vegetation, or Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis

14715-02 AQ Report
2 other forms of property, or can cause excessive soiling on any other parcel shall conform to the requirements of the SCAQMD.

SCAQMD RULES
South Coast Air Quality Management District ( SCAQMD) Rules that are currently applicable during construction activity for this Project are described below.

SCAQMD RULE 401
A person shall not discharge into the atmosphere from any single source of emission whatsoever any air contaminant for a period or periods aggregating more than three minutes in any 1 hour that is as dark or darker in shade as that designated No. 1 on the Ringelmann Chart, as published by the U.S. Bureau of Mines.

SCAQMD RULE 402
A person shall not discharge from any source whatsoever such quantities of air contaminants or other material that cause injury, detriment, nuisance, or annoyance to any considerable number of persons or to the public, or that endanger the com fort, repose, health, or safety of any such persons or the public, or that cause, or have a natural tendency to cause, injury or damage to business or property. The provisions of this rule do not apply to odors emanating from agricultural operations necessary for the growing of crops or the raising of fowl or animals.

Odor Emissions. All uses shall be operated in a manner such that no offensive odor is perceptible at or beyond the property line of that use.

SCAQMD RULE 403
This rule is intended to reduce the amount of particulate matter entrained in the ambient air as a result of anthropogenic (human -made) fugitive dust sources by requiring actions to prevent and reduce fugitive dust emissions. Rule 403 applies to any activi ty or human -made condition capable of generating fugitive dust and requires best available control measures to be applied to earth moving and grading activities.

Dust Control, Operations. Any operation or activity that might cause the emission of any smoke, fly ash, dust, fumes, vapors, gases, or other forms of air pollution, which can cause damage to human health, vegetation, or other forms of property, or can cause excessive soiling on any other parcel, shall conform to the requirements of the SCAQMD.

SCAQMD RULE 1113
This rule serves to limit the Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) content of architectural coatings used on projects in the SCAQMD. Any person who supplies, sells, offers for sale, or manufactures any architectural coating for use on projects.

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3 SCAQMD RULE 1301
This rule is intended to provide that pre-construction review requirements to ensure that new or relocated facilities do not interfere with progress in attainment of the Na tional Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), while future economic growth within the SCAQMD is not unnecessarily restricted. The specific air quality goal is to achieve no net increases from new or modified permitted sources of nonattainment air contamina nts or their precursors. Rule 1301 also limits emission increases of ammonia, and Ozone Depleting Compounds (ODCs) from new, modified or relocated facilities by requiring the use of Best Available Control Technology (BACT).

SCAQMD RULE 2305
The SCAQMD adopted Rule 2305, the Warehouse Indirect Source Rule, on May 7, 2021. Owners and operators associated with warehouses 100,000 square feet (sf) or larger are required to directly reduce nitrogen oxides (NOX) and particulate matter emissions, or to otherwise facilitate emission and exposure reductions of these pollutants in nearby communities.

Although the Project would comply with the above regulatory requirements, it should be noted that emission reductions associated with Rules 401, 402, 1301, and 2305 cannot be quantified in the California Emissions Estimator Model ( CalEEMod) and are therefore not reflected in the emissions presented herein. Conversely, Rule 403 (Fugitive Dust) (2) and Rule 1113 (Architectural Coatings) (3) can be modeled in CalEEMod. As such, credit for Rule 403 and Rule 1113 have been taken in the analysis.

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Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis

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5 1 INTRODUCTION
This report presents the results of the AQIA prepared by Urban Crossroads, Inc., for the proposed Cherry Avenue Warehouse (Project). The purpose of this AQIA is to evaluate the potential impacts to air quality associated with construction and operation of the Project and recommend measures to mitigate impacts considered potentially significant in comparison to thresholds established by the SCAQMD.

1.1 SITE LOCATION
The Project site is located at 5900 Cherry Avenue in the City of Long Beach, as shown on Exhibit 1-A. The Project site is bounded by commercial uses to the nor th, east, and west . Residential homes are located to the west of the Project site. Per the City of Long Beach General Plan, the Project site is located within a General Industrial district. The General Industrial district is considered the City's "industrial sanctuary" district where a wide range of industries that may not be desirable in other districts may locate. The emphasis is on traditionally heavy industrial and manufacturing uses. The General Industrial district is intended to promote an "industrial sanctuary" where land is preserved for industry and manufacturing, and where existing industries are protected from non -industrial users that may object to the operating characteristics of industry. Performance standards still must be met, but the development standards are the minimum necessary to assure safe, functional, and environmentally-sound activities (4).

1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The Project is proposed to consist of up to approximately 258,376 square feet (sf) of high -cube fulfillment (non-sort) warehouse use (85 percent [%] of total square footage) and approximately 45,596 sf of high-cube cold storage use (15% of total square footage) for a total of 303,972 sf. A preliminary site plan for the proposed Project is shown on Exhibit 1 -B. It is anticipated that the Project would be developed in a single phase with an anticipated Opening Year of 202 4.

According to the Cherry Avenue Warehouse Traffic Assessment , the proposed Project is anticipated to generate a total of 564 trip-ends per day with 94 truck trip-ends per day (in actual vehicles) (5).

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6 EXHIBIT 1-A: LOCATION MAP

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7 EXHIBIT 1-B: SITE PLAN

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9 2 AIR QUALITY SETTING
This section provides an overview of the existing air quality conditions in the Project area and region.

2.1 SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN (SCAB)
The Project site is located in the SCAB within the jurisdiction of SCAQMD (6). The SCAQMD was created by the 1977 Lewis -Presley Air Quality Management Act, which merged four county air pollution control bodies into one regional district. Under the Act, the SCAQMD is responsible for bringing air quality in areas under its jurisdiction into conformity with federal and state air quality standards. As previously stated, the Project site is located within the SCAB, a 6,745 -square mile subregion of the SCAQMD, which includes portions of Los Angeles, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties, and all of Orange County.

The SCAB is bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west and the San Gabriel, San Bernardino, and San Jacinto Mountains to the north and east. The Los Angeles County portion of the Mojave Desert Air Basin is bounded by the San Gabriel Mountains to the south and west, the Los Angeles / Kern County border to the north, and the Los Angeles / San Bernardino County border to the east. The Riverside County portion of the Salton Sea Air Basin is bounded by the San Jacinto Mountains in the west and spans eastward up to the Palo Verde Valley.

2.2 REGIONAL CLIMATE
The regional climate has a substantial influence on air quality in the SCAB. In addition, the temperature, wind, humidity, precipitation, and amount of sunshine influence the air quality.

The annual average temperatures throughout the SCAB vary from the low to middle 60s degrees Fahrenheit (°F). Due to a decreased marine influence, the eastern portion of the SCAB shows greater variability in average annual minimum and maximum tempe ratures. January is the coldest month throughout the SCAB, with average minimum temperatures of 47°F in downtown Los Angeles and 36°F in San Bernardino. All portions of the SCAB have recorded maximum temperatures above 100°F.

Although the climate of the SCAB can be characterized as semi-arid, the air near the land surface is quite moist on most days because of the presence of a marine layer. This shallow layer of sea air is an important modifier of SCAB climate. Humidity restricts visibility in the SCAB , and the conversion of sulfur dioxide (SO2) to sulfates (SO4) is heightened in air with high relative humidity.

The marine layer provides an environment for that conversion process, especially during the spring and summer months. The annual average relative humidity within the SCAB is 71% along the coast and 59% inland. Since the ocean effect is dominant, periods of heavy early morning fog are frequent and low stratus clouds are a characteristic feature. These effects decrease with distance from the coast.

More than 90% of the SCAB’s rainfall occurs from November through April. The annual average rainfall varies from approximately nine inches in Riverside to fourteen inches in downtown Los Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis

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10 Angeles. Monthly and yearly rainfall totals are extremely vari able. Summer rainfall usually consists of widely scattered thunderstorms near the coast and slightly heavier shower activity in the eastern portion of the SCAB with frequency being higher near the coast.

Due to its generally clear weather, about three -quarters of available sunshine is received in the SCAB. The remaining one-quarter is absorbed by clouds. The ultraviolet portion of this abundant radiation is a key factor in photochemical reactions. On the shortest day of the year there are approximately 10 hours of possible sunshine, and on the longest day of the year there are approximately 14½ hours of possible sunshine.

The importance of wind to air pollution is considerable. The direction and speed of the wind determines the horizontal dispersion and transport of the air pollutants. During the late autumn to early spring rainy season, the SCAB is subjected to wind flows associated with the traveling storms moving through the region from the northwest. This period also brings five to ten periods of strong, dry offshore winds, locally termed “Santa Anas” each year. During the dry season, which coincides with the months of maximum photochemical smog concentrations, the wind flow is bimodal, typified by a daytime onshore sea breeze and a nighttime offsh ore drainage wind. Summer wind flows are created by the pressure differences between the relatively cold ocean and the unevenly heated and cooled land surfaces that modify the general northwesterly wind circulation over southern California. Nighttime drainage begins with the radiational cooling of the mountain slopes. Heavy, cool air descends the slopes and flows through the mountain passes and canyons as it follows the lowering terrain toward the ocean. Another characteristic wind regime in the SCAB is the “Catalina Eddy,” a low level cyclonic (counterclockwise) flow centered over Santa Catalina Island which results in an offshore flow to the southwest. On most spring and summer days, some indication of an eddy is apparent in coastal sections.

In the SCAB, there are two distinct temperature inversion structures that control vertical mixing of air pollution. During the summer, warm high -pressure descending (subsiding) air is undercut by a shallow layer of cool marine air. The boundary between these two layers of air is a persistent marine subsidence/inversion. This boundary prevents vertical mixing which effectively acts as an impervious lid to pollutants over the entire SCAB. The mixing height for the inversion structure is normally situated 1,000 to 1,500 feet above mean sea level.

A second inversion -type forms in conjunction with the drainage of cool air off the surrounding mountains at night followed by the seaward drift of this pool of cool air. The top of this layer forms a sharp boundary with t he warmer air aloft and creates nocturnal radiation inversions.

These inversions occur primarily in the winter when nights are longer and onshore flow is weakest. They are typically only a few hundred feet above mean sea level. These inversions effectively trap pollutants, such as NOX and CO from vehicles, as the pool of cool air drifts seaward. Winter is therefore a period of high levels of primary pollutants along the coastline.

2.3 WIND PATTERNS AND PROJECT LOCATION
The distinctive climate of the Pro ject area and the SCAB is determined by its terrain and geographical location. The SCAB is located in a coastal plain with connecting broad valleys and Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis

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11 low hills, bounded by the Pacific Ocean in the southwest quadrant with high mountains forming the remainder of the perimeter.

Wind patterns across the south coastal region are characterized by westerly and southwesterly onshore winds during the day and easterly or northeasterly breezes at night. Winds are characteristically light although the speed is some what greater during the dry summer months than during the rainy winter season.

2.4 CRITERIA POLLUTANTS
Criteria pollutants are pollutants that are regulated through the development of human health based and/or environmentally based criteria for setting pe rmissible levels. Criteria pollutants, their typical sources, and health effects are identified below (7):

TABLE 2-1: CRITERIA POLLUTANTS
Criteria Pollutant Description Sources Health Effects
CO CO is a colorless, odorless gas
produced by the incomplete
combustion of carbon-containing
fuels, such as gasoline or wood.

CO concentrations tend to be the
highest during the winter
morning, when little to no wind
and surface-based inversions trap
the pollutant at ground levels.

Because CO is emitted directly
from internal combustion
engines, unlike ozone (O3), motor
vehicles operating at slow speeds
are the primary source of CO in
the SCAB. The highest ambient
CO concentrations are generally
found near congested
transportation corridors and
intersections.

Any source that
burns fuel such as
automobiles, trucks,
heavy construction
equipment, farming
equipment and
residential heating.

Individuals with a deficient
blood supply to the heart are
the most susceptible to the
adverse effects of CO
exposure. The effects
observed include earlier
onset of chest pain with
exercise, and
electrocardiograph changes
indicative of decreased
oxygen (O2) supply to the
heart. Inhaled CO has no
direct toxic effect on the
lungs but exerts its effect on
tissues by interfering with O2
transport and competing with
O2 to combine with
hemoglobin present in the
blood to form
carboxyhemoglobin (COHb).

Hence, conditions with an
increased demand for O2
supply can be adversely
affected by exposure to CO.

Individuals most at risk
include fetuses, patients with
diseases involving heart and
blood vessels, and patients
with chronic hypoxemia (O2
deficiency) as seen at high
altitudes.

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12 Criteria Pollutant Description Sources Health Effects SO2 SO2 is a colorless, extremely
irritating gas or liquid. It enters
the atmosphere as a pollutant
mainly as a result of burning high
sulfur-content fuel oils and coal
and from chemical processes
occurring at chemical plants and
refineries. When SO2 oxidizes in
the atmosphere, it forms SO4.

Collectively, these pollutants are
referred to as sulfur oxides (SOX).

Coal or oil burning
power plants and
industries,
refineries, diesel
engines
A few minutes of exposure to
low levels of SO2 can result in
airway constriction in some
asthmatics, all of whom are
sensitive to its effects. In
asthmatics, increase in
resistance to air flow, as well
as reduction in breathing
capacity leading to severe
breathing difficulties, are
observed after acute
exposure to SO2. In contrast,
healthy individuals do not
exhibit similar acute
responses even after
exposure to higher
concentrations of SO2.

Animal studies suggest that
despite SO2 being a
respiratory irritant, it does
not cause substantial lung
injury at ambient
concentrations. However,
very high levels of exposure
can cause lung edema (fluid
accumulation), lung tissue
damage, and sloughing off of
cells lining the respiratory
tract.

Some population-based
studies indicate that the
mortality and morbidity
effects associated with fine
particles show a similar
association with ambient SO2
levels. In these studies,
efforts to separate the effects
of SO2 from those of fine
particles have not been
successful. It is not clear
whether the two pollutants
act synergistically, or one
pollutant alone is the
predominant factor.

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13 Criteria Pollutant Description Sources Health Effects NOX NOX consist of nitric oxide (NO),
nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and
nitrous oxide (N2O) and are
formed when nitrogen (N2)
combines with O2. Their lifespan
in the atmosphere ranges from
one to seven days for nitric oxide
and nitrogen dioxide, to 170
years for nitrous oxide. NOX is
typically created during
combustion processes and are
major contributors to smog
formation and acid deposition.

NO2 is a criteria air pollutant and
may result in numerous adverse
health effects; it absorbs blue
light, resulting in a brownish-red
cast to the atmosphere and
reduced visibility. Of the seven
types of NOX compounds, NO2 is
the most abundant in the
atmosphere. As ambient
concentrations of NO2 are related
to traffic density, commuters in
heavy traffic may be exposed to
higher concentrations of NO2
than those indicated by regional
monitoring station.

Any source that
burns fuel such as
automobiles, trucks,
heavy construction
equipment, farming
equipment and
residential heating.

Population-based studies
suggest that an increase in
acute respiratory illness,
including infections and
respiratory symptoms in
children (not infants), is
associated with long-term
exposure to NO2 at levels
found in homes with gas
stoves, which are higher than
ambient levels found in
Southern California. Increase
in resistance to air flow and
airway contraction is
observed after short-term
exposure to NO2 in healthy
subjects. Larger decreases in
lung functions are observed
in individuals with asthma or
chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (e.g.,
chronic bronchitis,
emphysema) than in healthy
individuals, indicating a
greater susceptibility of these
sub-groups.

In animals, exposure to levels
of NO2 considerably higher
than ambient concentrations
result in increased
susceptibility to infections,
possibly due to the observed
changes in cells involved in
maintaining immune
functions. The severity of
lung tissue damage
associated with high levels of
O3 exposure increases when
animals are exposed to a
combination of O3 and NO2.

O3 O3 is a highly reactive and
unstable gas that is formed when
VOCs and NOX, both byproducts
of internal combustion engine
exhaust, undergo slow
photochemical reactions in the
presence of sunlight. O3
concentrations are generally
highest during the summer
Formed when
reactive organic
gases (ROG)
and NOX
react in the
presence of
sunlight. ROG
sources
include any source
Individuals exercising
outdoors, children, and
people with preexisting lung
disease, such as asthma and
chronic pulmonary lung
disease, are considered to be
the most susceptible sub-
groups for O3 effects. Short-
term exposure (lasting for a
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14 Criteria Pollutant Description Sources Health Effects months when direct sunlight,
light wind, and warm
temperature conditions are
favorable to the formation of this
pollutant.
that burns fuels,
(e.g., gasoline,
natural gas, wood,
oil) solvents,
petroleum
processing and
storage and
pesticides.
few hours) to O3 at levels
typically observed in
Southern California can result
in breathing pattern changes,
reduction of breathing
capacity, increased
susceptibility to infections,
inflammation of the lung
tissue, and some
immunological changes.

Elevated O3 levels are
associated with increased
school absences. In recent
years, a correlation between
elevated ambient O3 levels
and increases in daily hospital
admission rates, as well as
mortality, has also been
reported. An increased risk
for asthma has been found in
children who participate in
multiple outdoor sports and
reside in communities with
high O3 levels.

O3 exposure under exercising
conditions is known to
increase the severity of the
responses described above.

Animal studies suggest that
exposure to a combination of
pollutants that includes O3
may be more toxic than
exposure to O3 alone.

Although lung volume and
resistance changes observed
after a single exposure
diminish with repeated
exposures, biochemical and
cellular changes appear to
persist, which can lead to
subsequent lung structural
changes.

Particulate Matter PM10: A major air pollutant
consisting of tiny solid or liquid
particles of soot, dust, smoke,
fumes, and aerosols. Particulate
matter pollution is a major cause
of reduce visibility (haze) which is
caused by the scattering of light
Sources of PM10
include road dust,
windblown dust and
construction. Also
formed from other
pollutants (acid
rain, NOX, SOX,
A consistent correlation
between elevated ambient
fine particulate matter (PM10
and PM2.5) levels and an
increase in mortality rates,
respiratory infections,
number and severity of
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15 Criteria Pollutant Description Sources Health Effects and consequently the significant
reduction air clarity. The size of
the particles (10 microns or
smaller, about 0.0004 inches or
less) allows them to easily enter
the lungs where they may be
deposited, resulting in adverse
health effects. Additionally, it
should be noted that PM10 is
considered a criteria air
pollutant.

PM2.5: A similar air pollutant to
PM10 consisting of tiny solid or
liquid particles which are 2.5
microns or smaller (which is often
referred to as fine particles).

These particles are formed in the
atmosphere from primary
gaseous emissions that include
SO4 formed from SO2 release
from power plants and industrial
facilities and nitrates that are
formed from NOX release from
power plants, automobiles, and
other types of combustion
sources. The chemical
composition of fine particles
highly depends on location, time
of year, and weather conditions.

PM2.5 is a criteria air pollutant.
organics).

Incomplete
combustion of any
fuel.

PM2.5 comes from
fuel combustion in
motor vehicles,
equipment, and
industrial sources,
residential and
agricultural
burning. Also
formed from
reaction of other
pollutants (acid
rain, NOX, SOX,
organics).
asthma attacks and the
number of hospital
admissions has been
observed in different parts of
the United States and various
areas around the world. In
recent years, some studies
have reported an association
between long-term exposure
to air pollution dominated by
fine particles and increased
mortality, reduction in
lifespan, and an increased
mortality from lung cancer.

Daily fluctuations in PM2.5
concentration levels have
also been related to hospital
admissions for acute
respiratory conditions in
children, to school and
kindergarten absences, to a
decrease in respiratory lung
volumes in normal children,
and to increased medication
use in children and adults
with asthma. Recent studies
show lung function growth in
children is reduced with long
term exposure to particulate
matter.

The elderly, people with pre-
existing respiratory or
cardiovascular disease, and
children appear to be more
susceptible to the effects of
high levels of PM10 and PM2.5.

VOC VOCs are hydrocarbon
compounds (any compound
containing various combinations
of hydrogen and carbon atoms)
that exist in the ambient air.

VOCs contribute to the formation
of smog through atmospheric
photochemical reactions and/or
may be toxic. Compounds of
carbon (also known as organic
compounds) have different levels
of reactivity; that is, they do not
react at the same speed or do not
Organic chemicals
are widely used as
ingredients in
household
products. Paints,
varnishes, and wax
all contain organic
solvents, as do
many cleaning,
disinfecting,
cosmetic,
degreasing and
hobby products.

Breathing VOCs can irritate
the eyes, nose, and throat,
can cause difficulty breathing
and nausea, and can damage
the central nervous system as
well as other organs. Some
VOCs can cause cancer. Not
all VOCs have all these health
effects, though many have
several.

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16 Criteria Pollutant Description Sources Health Effects form O3 to the same extent when
exposed to photochemical
processes. VOCs often have an
odor, and some examples include
gasoline, alcohol, and the
solvents used in paints.

Exceptions to the VOC
designation include CO, carbon
dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic
carbides or carbonates, and
ammonium carbonate. VOCs are
a criteria pollutant since they are
a precursor to O3, which is a
criteria pollutant. The terms VOC
and ROG (see below)
interchangeably.

Fuels are made up
of organic
chemicals. All of
these products can
release organic
compounds while
you are using them,
and, to some
degree, when they
are stored.

ROG Similar to VOC, ROGs are also
precursors in forming O3 and
consist of compounds containing
methane, ethane, propane,
butane, and longer chain
hydrocarbons, which are typically
the result of some type of
combustion/decomposition
process. Smog is formed when
ROG and NOX react in the
presence of sunlight. ROGs are a
criteria pollutant since they are a
precursor to O3, which is a
criteria pollutant. The terms ROG
and VOC (see previous)
interchangeably.

Sources similar to
VOCs.

Health effects similar to
VOCs.

Lead (Pb) Pb is a heavy metal that is highly
persistent in the environment
and is considered a criteria
pollutant. In the past, the primary
source of Pb in the air was
emissions from vehicles burning
leaded gasoline. The major
sources of Pb emissions are ore
and metals processing,
particularly Pb smelters, and
piston-engine aircraft operating
on leaded aviation gasoline.

Other stationary sources include
waste incinerators, utilities, and
lead-acid battery manufacturers.

It should be noted that the
Metal smelters,
resource recovery,
leaded gasoline,
deterioration of Pb
paint.

Fetuses, infants, and children
are more sensitive than
others to the adverse effects
of Pb exposure. Exposure to
low levels of Pb can adversely
affect the development and
function of the central
nervous system, leading to
learning disorders,
distractibility, inability to
follow simple commands, and
lower intelligence quotient. In
adults, increased Pb levels are
associated with increased
blood pressure.

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17 Criteria Pollutant Description Sources Health Effects Project does not include
operational activities such as
metal processing or Pb acid
battery manufacturing. As such,
the Project is not anticipated to
generate a quantifiable amount
of Pb emissions.

Pb poisoning can cause
anemia, lethargy, seizures,
and death; although it
appears that there are no
direct effects of Pb on the
respiratory system. Pb can be
stored in the bone from early
age environmental exposure,
and elevated blood Pb levels
can occur due to breakdown
of bone tissue during
pregnancy, hyperthyroidism
(increased secretion of
hormones from the thyroid
gland) and osteoporosis
(breakdown of bony tissue).

Fetuses and breast-fed babies
can be exposed to higher
levels of Pb because of
previous environmental Pb
exposure of their mothers.

Odor Odor means the perception
experienced by a person when
one or more chemical substances
in the air come into contact with
the human olfactory nerves (8).

Odors can come
from many sources
including animals,
human activities,
industry, natures,
and vehicles.

Offensive odors can
potentially affect human
health in several ways. First,
odorant compounds can
irritate the eye, nose, and
throat, which can reduce
respiratory volume. Second,
studies have shown that the
VOCs that cause odors can
stimulate sensory nerves to
cause neurochemical changes
that might influence health,
for instance, by
compromising the immune
system. Finally, unpleasant
odors can trigger memories
or attitudes linked to
unpleasant odors, causing
cognitive and emotional
effects such as stress.

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18 2.5 EXISTING AIR QUALITY
Existing air quality is measured at established SCAQMD air quality monitoring stations. Monitored air quality is evaluated in the context of ambient air quality standards. These standards are the levels of air quality that are considered safe, with an adequate margin of safety, to protect the public health and welfare. NAAQS and California Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) currently in effect are shown in Table 2-2 (9).

The determination of whether a region’s air quality is healthful or unh ealthful is determined by comparing contaminant levels in ambient air samples to the state and federal standards. At the time of this AQIA, the most recent state and federal standards were updated by CARB on May 4, 2016, as presented in Table 2-2. The air quality in a region is considered to be in attainment by the state if the measured ambient air pollutant levels for O3, CO (except 8-hour Lake Tahoe), SO2 (1 and 24 hour), NO2, PM10, and PM2.5 do not exceed standards. All others are not to be equaled or exceeded. It should be noted that the three -year period is presented for informational purposes and is not the basis for how the State assigns attainment status. Attainment status for a pollutant means that the SCAQMD meets the standards set by the EPA or the California EPA (CalEPA). Conversely, nonattainment means that an area has monitored air quality that does not meet the NAAQS or CAAQS standards. In order to improve air quality in nonattainment areas, CARB has implemented a State Implementation Plan (SIP). The SIP outlines the measures that the state will take to improve air quality. Once nonattainment areas meet the standards and additional redesignation requirements, the EPA will designate the area as a maintenance area (10).

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19 TABLE 2-2: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (1 OF 2)

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20 TABLE 2-2: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (2 OF 2)

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21 2.6 REGIONAL AIR QUALITY
Air pollution contributes to a wide variety of adverse health effects. The EPA h as established NAAQS for six of the most common air pollutants: CO, Pb, O3, particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), NO2, and SO 2 which are known as criteria pollutants. The SCAQMD monitors levels of various criteria pollutants at 37 permanent monitoring stati ons and 5 single -pollutant source Pb air monitoring sites throughout the air district (11). On February 21, 2019, CARB posted the 2018 amendments to the state and national area designations. See Table 2 -3 for attainment designations for the SCAB (12). Appendix 2.1 provides geographic representation of the state and federal attainment status for applicable criteria pollutants within the SCAB.

TABLE 2-3: ATTAINMENT STATUS OF CRITERIA POLLUTANTS IN THE SCAB Criteria Pollutant State Designation Federal Designation O3 – 1-hour standard Nonattainment --
O3 – 8-hour standard Nonattainment Nonattainment
PM10 Nonattainment Attainment
PM2.5 Nonattainment Nonattainment
CO Attainment Unclassifiable/Attainment
NO2 Attainment Unclassifiable/Attainment
SO2 Unclassifiable/Attainment Unclassifiable/Attainment Pb1 Attainment Unclassifiable/Attainment
Note: See Appendix 2.1 for a detailed map of State/National Area Designations within the SCAB “-“ = The national 1-hour O3 standard was revoked effective June 15, 2005.

2.7 LOCAL AIR QUALITY
The SCAQMD has designated general forecast areas and air monitoring areas (referred to as Source Receptor Areas [SRA]) throughout the district in order to provide Southern California residents about the air quality conditions. The Project site is located within the South Coastal LA County area (SRA 4). Within SRA 4, t he South Coastal Los Angeles (LA) County 3 monitoring station is located approximately 5.3 miles southwest of the Project site and reports air quality statistics for O3 (years 2018 and 2019), CO (years 2018 and 2019), and PM10. The Interstate 710 (I-710) monitoring station which is located 1.8 miles west of the Project site, records air quality data for NO2. The South Coastal LA County 2 monitoring station is the nearest station, located

5.0 miles south of the Project site, records air quality data for PM2.5. As the South Coastal LA County 3 monitoring station does not record O3 and CO data for the year 2020, the air quality conditions for O3 from the South Coastal LA County 4 monitoring station and CO conditions from the South Central LA County monitoring station will be used.

The most recent three (3) years of data available is shown on Table 2-4 and identifies the number of days ambient air quality standards were exceeded for the study area, which is considered to

1 The Federal nonattainment designation for lead is only applicable towards the Los Angeles County portion of the SCAB.

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22 be representative of the local air quality at the Development S ite. Data for O 3, CO, NO 2, PM10, and PM2.5 for 2018 through 2020 was obtained from the SCAQMD Air Quality Data Tables (13).

Additionally, data for SO 2 has been omitted as attainment is regularly met in the SCAB and few monitoring stations measure SO2 concentrations.

TABLE 2-4: PROJECT AREA AIR QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY 2018-2020 Pollutant Standard Year
2018 2019 2020
O3
Maximum Federal 1-Hour Concentration (ppm) 0.063 0.064 0.105 Maximum Federal 8-Hour Concentration (ppm) 0.074 0.075 0.083 Number of Days Exceeding State 1-Hour Standard > 0.09 ppm 0 0 4 Number of Days Exceeding State/Federal 8-Hour Standard > 0.070 ppm 0 0 4 CO
Maximum Federal 1-Hour Concentration > 35 ppm 4.7 3.0 4.5 Maximum Federal 8-Hour Concentration > 20 ppm 2.1 2.1 3.1 NO2
Maximum Federal 1-Hour Concentration > 0.100 ppm 0.090 0.098 0.090 Annual Federal Standard Design Value 0.022 0.023 0.022 PM10
Maximum Federal 24-Hour Concentration (µg/m3) > 150 µg/m3 84 74 54 Annual Federal Arithmetic Mean (µg/m3) 32.3 26.9 27.8
Number of Days Exceeding Federal 24-Hour Standard > 150 µg/m3 0 0 0 Number of Days Exceeding State 24-Hour Standard > 50 µg/m3 4 3 2 PM2.5
Maximum Federal 24-Hour Concentration (µg/m3) > 35 µg/m3 47.10 30.60 39.00 Annual Federal Arithmetic Mean (µg/m3) > 12 µg/m3 11.15 9.22 11.38 Number of Days Exceeding Federal 24-Hour Standard > 35 µg/m3 2 0 1 ppm = Parts Per Million
µg/m3 = Microgram per Cubic Meter
Source: Data for O3, CO, NO2, PM10, and PM2.5 was obtained from SCAQMD Air Quality Data Tables.

2.8 REGULATORY BACKGROUND

2.8.1 FEDERAL REGULATIONS
The EPA is responsible for setting and enforcing the NAAQS for O 3, CO, NOX, SO2, PM10, and Pb (14). The EPA has jurisdiction over emissions sources that are under the authority of the federal government including aircraft, locomotives, and emissions sources outside state waters (Outer Continental Shelf). The EPA also establishes emission standards for vehicles sold in states other Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis

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23 than California. Automobiles sold in California must meet the stricter emission requirements of CARB.

The Federal Clean Air Act (CAA) was first enacted in 1955 and has been amended numerous times in subsequent years (1963, 196 5, 1967, 1970, 1977, and 1990). The CAA establishes the federal air quality standards, the NAAQS, and specifies future dates for achieving compliance (15). The CAA also mandates that states submit and implement SIPs for l ocal areas not meeting these standards. These plans must include pollution control measures that demonstrate how the standards would be met.

The 1990 amendments to the CAA that identify specific emission reduction goals for areas not meeting the NAAQS require a demonstration of reasonable further progress toward attainment and incorporate additional sanctions for failure to attain or to meet in terim milestones. The sections of the CAA most directly applicable to the development of the Project site include Title I (Non-Attainment Provisions) and Title II (Mobile Source Provisions) (16) (17). Title I provisions were established with the goal of attaining the NAAQS for the following criteria pollutants O 3, NO2, SO 2, PM 10, CO, PM 2.5, and Pb. The NAAQS were amended in July 1997 t o include an additional standard for O 3 and to adopt a NAAQS for PM2.5. Table 2 -3 (previously presented) provides the NAAQS within the SCAB.

Mobile source emissions are regulated in accordance with Title II provisions. These provisions require the use of cleaner burning gasoline and other cleaner burning fuels such as methanol and natural gas. Automobile manufacturers are also required to reduce tailpipe emissions of hydrocarbons and NOX. NOX is a collective term that includes all forms of NOX which are emitted as byproducts of the combustion process.

2.8.2 CALIFORNIA REGULATIONS
CARB
CARB, which became part of the CalEPA in 1991, is responsible for ensuring implementation of the California Clean Air Act (AB 2595), responding to the federal CAA, and for regulating emissions from consumer products and motor vehicles. AB 2595 mandates achievement of the maximum degree of emissions reductions possible from vehicular and other mobile sources in order to attain the state ambient air quality standards by the earliest practical date. CARB established the CAAQS for all pollutants for which the federal government has NAAQS and, in addition, establishes standards for SO 4, visibility, hydrogen sulfide (H 2S), and vinyl chloride (C 2H3Cl).

However, at this time, H 2S and C2H3Cl are not measured at any monitoring stations in the SCAB because they are not considered to be a regional air quality problem. Generally, the CAAQS are more stringent than the NAAQS (18) (14).

Local air quality management districts, such as the SCAQMD, regulate air emissions from stationary sources such as commercial and industrial facilities. All air pollution control districts have been formally designated as attainment or non-attainment for each CAAQS.

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24 Serious non-attainment areas are required to prepare Air Quality Management Plans (AQMP) that include specified emission reduction strategies in an effort to meet clean air goals. These plans are required to include:
• Application of Best Available Retrofit Control Technology to existing sources; • Developing control programs for area sources (e.g., architectural coatings and solvents) and indirect sources (e.g., motor vehicle use generated by residential and commercial development); • A District permitting system designed to allow no net i ncrease in emissions from any new or modified permitted sources of emissions;
• Implementing reasonably available transportation control measures and assuring a substantial reduction in growth rate of vehicle trips and miles traveled; • Significant use of low emissions vehicles by fleet operators; • Sufficient control strategies to achieve a 5% or more annual reduction in emissions or 15% or more in a period of three years for ROGs, NO X, CO and PM 10. However, air basins may use alternative emission reduction strategy that achieves a reduction of less than 5% per year under certain circumstances.

TITLE 24 ENERGY EFFICIENCY STANDARDS AND CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS California Code of Regulations (CCR) Title 24 Part 6: The California Energy Code was first adopted in 1978 in response to a legislative mandate to reduce California’s energy consumption.

The standards are updated periodically to allow consideration and possible incorporation of new energy efficient technologies and methods. CCR, Title 24, Part 11: California Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen) is a comprehensive and uniform regulatory code for all residential, commercial, and school buildings that went in effect on January 1, 2009, and is administered by the California Building Standards Commission.

CALGreen is updated on a regular basis, with the most recent approved update consisting of the 2019 California Green Building Code Standards that became effective January 1, 2020.

Local jurisdictions are permitted to adopt more stringent requireme nts, as state law provides methods for local enhancements. CALGreen recognizes that many jurisdictions have developed existing construction waste and demolition ordinances and defers to them as the ruling guidance provided they establish a minimum 65% diversion requirement.

The code also provides exemptions for areas not served by construction waste and demolition recycling infrastructure. The State Building Code provides the minimum standard that buildings must meet in order to be certified for occupancy, which is generally enforced by the local building official.

Energy efficient buildings require less electricity; therefore, increased energy efficiency reduces fossil fuel consumption and decreases greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The 2019 version of Title 24 was adopted by the CEC) and became effective on January 1, 2020.

The 2019 Title 24 standards would result in less energy use, thereby reducing air pollutant emissions associated with energy consumption in the SCAB and across the State of California. For Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis

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25 example, the 2019 Title 24 standards require solar photovoltaic systems for new homes, establish requirements for newly constructed healthcare facilities, encourage demand responsive technologies for residential buildings, and update indoor and outdoor l ighting requirements for nonresidential buildings.

The CEC anticipates that single -family homes built with the 2019 standards would use approximately 7% less energy compared to the residential homes built under the 2016 standards.

Additionally, after impl ementation of solar photovoltaic systems, homes built under the 2019 standards would use about 53% less energy than homes built under the 2016 standards.

Nonresidential buildings (such as the Project) would use approximately 30% less energy due to lighting upgrade requirements (18).

Because the Project would be constructed after January 1, 2019, the 2019 CALGreen standards are applicable to the Project and require, among other items (19):

NONRESIDENTIAL MANDATORY MEASURES
• Short-term bicycle parking. If the new project or an additional alteration is anticipated to generate visitor traffic, provide permanently anchored bicycle racks within 200 feet of the visitors’ entrance, readily visible to passers -by, for 5% of new visitor motorized vehicle parking spaces being added, with a minimum of one two-bike capacity rack (5.106.4.1.1). • Long-term bicycle parking. For new buildings with tenant spaces that have 10 or more tenant - occupants, provide secure bicycle parking for 5% of the tenant-occupant vehicular parking spaces with a minimum of one bicycle parking facility (5.106.4.1.2). • Designated parking for clean air vehicles. In new projects or additions to alterations that add 10 or more vehicular parking spaces, provide designated parking for any combination of low - emitting, fuel-efficient and carpool/van pool vehicles as shown in Table 5.106.5.2 (5.106.5.2). • Electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. New construction shall facilitate the future installation of EV supply equipment. The compliance requires empty raceways for future conduit and documentation that the electrical system has adequate capacity for the future load. The number of spaces to be provided for is contained in Table 5.106. 5.3.3 (5.106.5.3). • Outdoor light pollution reduction. Outdoor lighting systems shall be designed to meet the backlight, uplight and glare ratings per Table 5.106.8 (5.106.8) • Construction waste management. Recycle and/or salvage for reuse a minimum of 65% of the nonhazardous construction and demolition waste in accordance with Section • 5.408.1.1. 5.405.1.2, or 5.408.1.3; or meet a local construction and demolition waste management ordinance, whichever is more stringent (5.408.1). • Excavated soil and land clearing debris. 100% of trees, stumps, rocks and associated vegetation and soils resulting primarily from land clearing shall be reused or recycled. For a phased project, such material may be stockpiled on site until the storage site is developed (5.408.3). • Recycling by Occupants. Provide readily accessible areas that serve the e ntire building and are identified for the depositing, storage, and collection of non -hazardous materials for recycling, including (at a minimum) paper, corrugated cardboard, glass, plastics, organic waste, and metals or meet a lawfully enacted local recycling ordinance, if more restrictive (5.410.1).

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26 • Water conserving plumbing fixtures and fittings. Plumbing fixtures (water closets and urinals) and fittings (faucets and showerheads) shall comply with the following:
o Water Closets. The effective flush volume of all water closets shall not exceed 1.28 gallons per flush (5.303.3.1)
o Urinals. The effective flush volume of wall-mounted urinals shall not exceed 0.125 gallons per flush (5.303.3.2.1). The effective flush volume of floor - mounted or other urinals shall not exceed 0.5 gallons per flush (5.303.3.2.2).
o Showerheads. Single showerheads shall have a minimum flow rate of not more than 1.8 gallons per minute and 80 psi (5.303.3.3.1). When a shower is served by more than one showerhead, the combine flow rate of all showerheads and/or other shower outlets controlled by a single valve shall not exceed 1.8 gallons per minute at 80 psi (5.303.3.3.2). o Faucets and fountains. Nonresidential lavatory faucets shall have a maximum flow rate of not more than 0.5 gallons per minute at 60 psi (5.303.3.4.1). Kitchen faucets shall have a maximum flow rate of not more than 1.8 gallons per minute of 60 psi (5.303.3.4.2). Wash fountains shall have a maximum flow rate of not more than 1.8 gallons per minute (5.303.3.4.3). Meteri ng faucets shall not deliver more than 0.20 gallons per cycle (5.303.3.4.4). Metering faucets for wash fountains shall have a maximum flow rate not more than 0.20 gallons per cycle (5.303.3.4.5).
• Outdoor potable water uses in landscaped areas. Nonresidential developments shall comply with a local water efficient landscape ordinance or the current California Department of Water Resources’ Model Water Efficient (MWELO), whichever is more stringent (5.304.1). • Water meters. Separate submeters or metering device s shall be installed for new buildings or additions in excess of 50,000 sf or for excess consumption where any tenant within a new building or within an addition that is project to consume more than 1,000 gallons per day (5.303.1.1 and

5.303.1.2).
• Outdoor water uses in rehabilitated landscape projects equal or greater than 2,500 sf.

Rehabilitated landscape projects with an aggregate landscape area equal to or greater than 2,500 sf requiring a building or landscape permit (5.304.3).
• Commissioning. For new bu ildings 10,000 sf and over, building commissioning shall be included in the design and construction processes of the building project to verify that the building systems and components meet the owner’s or owner representative’s project requirements (5.410.2).

2.8.3 AQMP
Currently, the NAAQS and CAAQS are exceeded in most parts of the SCAB. In response, the SCAQMD has adopted a series of AQMP to meet the state and federal ambient air quality standards (19). AQMPs are updated regularly to ensur e an effective reduction in emissions, accommodate growth, and to minimize any negative fiscal impacts of air pollution control on the economy. A detailed discussion on the AQMP and Project consistency with the AQMP is provided in Section 3.10.

2.9 REGIONAL AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
The Project is within the jurisdiction of the SCAQMD. In 1976, California adopted the Lewis Air Quality Management Act which created SCAQMD from a voluntary association of air pollution Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis

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27 control districts in Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, and San Bernardino counties. The geographic area of which SCAQMD consists of is known as the SCAB. SCAQMD develops comprehensive plans and regulatory programs for the region to attain federal standards by dates specified in federal law. The agency is also responsible for meeting state standards by the earliest date achievable, using reasonably available control measures.

SCAQMD rule development through the 1970s and 1980s resulted in dramatic improvement in SCAB air quality. Nearly all control programs developed through the early 1990s relied on (i) the development and application of cleaner technology; (ii) add -on emission controls, and (iii) uniform CEQA review throughout the SCAB. Industrial emission sources have been significantly reduced by t his approach and vehicular emissions have been reduced by technologies implemented at the state level by CARB.

As discussed above, the SCAQMD is the lead agency charged with regulating air quality emission reductions for the entire SCAB. SCAQMD created AQ MPs which represent a regional blueprint for achieving healthful air on behalf of the 16 million residents of the SCAB. The 2012 AQMP states, “the remarkable historical improvement in air quality since the 1970’s is the direct result of Southern California ’s comprehensive, multiyear strategy of reducing air pollution from all sources as outlined in its AQMPs,” (20).

Emissions of O 3, NO X, VOC, and CO have been decreasing in the SCAB since 1975 and are projected to continue to d ecrease through 2020 (21). These decreases result primarily from motor vehicle controls and reductions in evaporative emissions. Although vehicle miles traveled (VMT) in the SCAB continue to increase, NO X and VOC levels are dec reasing because of the mandated controls on motor vehicles and the replacement of older polluting vehicles with lower- emitting vehicles. NOX emissions from electric utilities have also decreased due to use of cleaner fuels and renewable energy. O 3 contour maps show that the number of days exceeding the 8 - hour NAAQS has generally decreased between 1980 and 20 20. For 20 20, there was an overall decrease in exceedance days compared with the 1980 period. However, as shown on Table 2 -5, O3 levels have increased in the past three years due to higher temperatures and stagnant weather conditions. Notwithstanding, O3 levels in the SCAB have decreased substantially over the last 30 years with the current maximum measured concentrations being approximately one -third of concentrations within the late 70’s (22).

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28 TABLE 2-5: SCAB O3 TREND

Source: 2020 SCAQMD, Historical O3 Air Quality Trends (1976-2020) The overall trends of PM 10 and PM 2.5 levels in the air (not emissions) show an overall improvement since 1975. Direct emissions of PM 10 have remained somewhat constant in the SCAB and direct emissions of PM 2.5 have decreased slightly since 1975. Area wide sources (fugitive dust from roads, d ust from construction, and other sources) contribute the greatest amount of direct particulate matter emissions.

As with other pollutants, the most recent PM 10 statistics show an overall improvement as illustrated in Tables 2 -6 and 2 -7. During the period f or which data are available, the 24 -hour national annual average concentration for PM 10 decreased by approximately 46%, from 103.7 microgram per cubic meter (µg/m³) in 1988 to 55.5 µg/m³ in 2020 (23). Although the values are below the federal standard, it should be noted that there are days within the year where the concentrations would exceed the threshold. The 24-hour state annual average for emissions for PM10, have decreased by approximately 64%, from 93.9 µg/m³ in 19 89 to 33.9 µg/m³ in 20 20 (23). Although data in the late 1990’s show some variability, this is probably due to the advances in meteorological science rather than a change in emissions. Similar to the ambient concentrations, the calculated number of days above the 24-hour PM10 standards has also shown an overall drop.
0 25
50 75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
Basin Days Exceeding
YEAR
1-Hour Stage 1 Episode
1-Hour Health Advisory
1979 1-Hour NAAQS
1997 8-Hour NAAQS
2008 8-Hour NAAQS
2015 8-Hour NAAQS
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29 TABLE 2-6: SCAB AVERAGE 24-HOUR CONCENTRATION PM10 TREND (BASED ON FEDERAL STANDARD)1

Source: 2020 CARB, iADAM: Top Four Summary: PM10 24-Hour Averages (1988-2020) 1 Some years have been omitted from the table as insufficient data (or no) data has been reported. Years with reported value of “0” have a lso been omitted.

TABLE 2-7: SCAB ANNUAL AVERAGE CONCENTRATION PM10 TREND (BASED ON STATE STANDARD)1

Tables 2-8 and 2-9 shows the most recent 24-hour average PM2.5 concentrations in the SCAB from 1999 through 20 20. Overall, the national and state annual average concentrations have decreased by almost 50% and 31% respectively (23). It should be noted that the SCAB is currently designated as nonattainment for the state and federal PM2.5 standards.

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30 TABLE 2-8: SCAB 24-HOUR AVERAGE CONCENTRATION PM2.5 TREND (BASED ON FEDERAL STANDARD)1

Source: 2020 CARB, iADAM: Top Four Summary: PM2.5 24-Hour Averages (1999-2020) 1 Some years have been omitted from the table as insufficient data (or no) data has been reported. Years with reported value of “0” have also been omitted.

TABLE 2-9: SCAB ANNUAL AVERAGE CONCENTRATION PM2.5 TREND (BASED ON STATE STANDARD)1

While the 2012 AQMP PM 10 attainment demonstration and the 2015 associated supplemental SIP submission indicated that attainment of the 24-hour standard was predicted to occur by the end of 2015, it could not anticipate the effect of the ongoing drought on the measured PM2.5.

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31 The 2006 to 2010 base period used for the 2012 attainment demonstration had near -normal rainfall. While the trend of PM 2.5-equivalent emission reductions continued through 2015, the severe drought conditions contributed to the PM2.5 increases observed after 2012. As a result of the disrupted progress toward attainment of the federal 24 -hour PM 2.5 standard, SCAQMD submitted a request and the EPA approved, in January 2016, a “bump up” to the nonattainment classification from “moderate” to “serious,” with a ne w attainment deadline as soon as practicable, but not beyond December 31, 2019. As of March 14, 2019, the EPA approved portions of a SIP revision submitted by California to address CAA requirements for the 2006 24 - hour PM 2.5 NAAQS in the Los Angeles -SCAB S erious PM 2.5 nonattainment area. The EPA also approved 2017 and 2019 motor vehicle emissions budgets for transportation conformity purposes and inter-pollutant trading ratios for use in transportation conformity analyses (24).

In March 2017, the SCAQMD released the Final 2016 AQMP. The 2016 AQMP continues to evaluate current integrated strategies and control measures to meet the NAAQS, as well as explore new and innovative methods to reach its goals. Some of these approaches inc lude utilizing incentive programs, recognizing existing co -benefit programs from other sectors, and developing a strategy with fair-share reductions at the federal, state, and local levels (25). Similar to the 2012 AQMP, the 2016 AQMP incorporates scientific and technological information and planning assumptions, including the 2016 -2040 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy (2016-2040 RTP/SCS) and updated emission inventory methodologies for various source categories (19).

The 2022 AQMP is currently being developed by SCAQMD to address the EPA’s strengthened ozone standard. Development of the 2022 AQMP is in its early stages and no formal timeline for completion and adoption is currently known.

The most recent CO concentrations in the SCAB are shown in Table 2-10 (23). CO concentrations in the SCAB have decreased markedly — a total decrease of more about 80% in the peak 8-hour concentration from 1986 to 2012. It should be noted 2012 is the most recent year where 8-hour CO averages and related statistics are available in the SCAB. The number of exceedance days has also declined. The entire SCAB is now designated as attainment for both th e state and national CO standards. Ongoing reductions from motor vehicle control programs should continue the downward trend in ambient CO concentrations.

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32 TABLE 2-10: SCAB 8-HOUR AVERAGE CONCENTRATION CO TREND1

Source: 2020 CARB, iADAM: Top Four Summary: CO 8-Hour Averages (1986-2012) 1 The most recent year where 8-hour concentration data is available is 2012.

Part of the control process of the SCAQMD’s duty to greatly improve the air quality in the SCAB is the uniform CEQA review procedures required by SCAQMD’s CEQA Air Quality Handbook (1993) (1993 CEQA Handbook ) (26). The s ingle threshold of significance used to assess Project direct and cumulative impacts has in fact “worked” as evidenced by the track record of the air quality in the SCAB dramatically improving over the course of the past decades. As stated by the SCAQMD, the District’s thresholds of significance are based on factual and scientific data and are therefore appropriate thresholds of significance to use for this Project.

The most recent NO 2 data for the SCAB is shown in Tables 2 -11 and 2-12 (23). Over the last 50 years, NO2 values have decreased significantly; the peak 1 -hour national and state averages for 2020 is approximately 80% lower than what it was during 1963. The SCAB attained the State 1 - hour NO2 standard in 1994, bringing the entire state into attainment. A new state annual average standard of 0.030 ppm was adopted by CARB in February 2007 (27). The new standard is just barely exceeded in the SCAQMD. NO2 is formed from NOX emissions, which also contribute to O3.

As a result, the majority of the future emission control measures would be implemented as part of the overall O3 control strategy. Many of these control measures would target mobile sources, which account for more than three -quarters of California’s NO X emissions. These measures are expected to bring the SCAQMD into attainment of the state annual average standard.

0.00 5.00

10.00 15.00

20.00 25.00

30.00 CO (ppm)
Year
Maximum 8-hour CO Averages
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33 TABLE 2-11: SCAB 1-HOUR AVERAGE CONCENTRATION NO2 TREND (BASED ON FEDERAL STANDARD)

Source: 2020 CARB, iADAM: Top Four Summary: CO 1-Hour Averages (1963-2020) TABLE 2-12: SCAB 1-HOUR AVERAGE CONCENTRATION NO2 TREND (BASED ON STATE STANDARD)

Source: 2020 CARB, iADAM: Top Four Summary: CO 1-Hour Averages (1963-2020)

2.9.1 TOXIC AIR CONTAMINANTS (TAC) TRENDS
In 1984, as a result of public concern for exposure to airborne carcinogens, CARB adopted regulations to reduce the amount of TAC emissions resulting from mobile and area sources, such as cars, trucks, stationary sources, and consumer products. According to the Ambient and Emission Trends of Toxic Air Contaminants in California journal article (28) which was prepared for CARB, results show that between 1990-2012, ambient concentration and emission trends for

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34 the seven TACs responsible for most of the known cancer risk associated with airborne exposure in California have declined significantly (between 1990 and 2012). The seven TACs studied include those that are derived from mobile sources: diesel particulate matter (DPM), benzene (C6H6), and 1,3-butadiene (C4H6); those that are derived from stationary sources: perchloroethylene (C 2Cl4) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)); and those derived from photochemical reactions of emitted VOCs: formaldehyde (CH 2O) and acetaldehyde (C 2H4O)2. The decline in ambient concentration and emission trends of these TACs are a result of various regulations CARB has impleme nted to address cancer risk.

MOBILE SOURCE TACS
CARB introduced two programs that aimed at reducing mobile emissions for light and medium duty vehicles through vehicle emissions controls and cleaner fuel. In California, light-duty vehicles sold after 1996 are equipped with California’s second -generation On-Board Diagnostic (OBD-II) system. The OBD -II system monitors virtually every component that can affect the emission performance of the vehicle to ensure that the vehicle remains as clean as possible over its entire life and assists repair technicians in diagnosing and fixing problems with the computerized engine controls. If a problem is detected, the OBD -II system illuminates a warning lamp on the vehicle instrument panel to alert the driver. This warnin g lamp typically contains the phrase “Check Engine” or “Service Engine Soon.” The system would also store important information about the detected malfunction so that a repair technician can accurately find and fix the problem. CARB has recently developed similar OBD requirements for heavy -duty vehicles over 14,000 pounds (lbs). CARB’s phase II Reformulated Gasoline Regulation (RFG -2), adopted in 1996, also led to a reduction of mobile source emissions. Through such regulations, benzene levels declined 88% from 1990-2012. 1,3-Butadiene concentrations also declined 85% from 1990-2012 as a result of the use of reformulated gasoline and motor vehicle regulations (28).

In 2000, CARB’s Diesel Risk Reduction Plan (DRRP) recommended the replacement and retrofit of diesel-fueled engines and the use of ultra-low-sulfur (<15 ppm) diesel fuel. As a result of these measures, DPM concentrations have declined 68% since 2000, even though the state’s population increased 31% and th e amount of diesel vehicles miles traveled increased 81%, as shown on Exhibit 2-B. With the implementation of these diesel-related control regulations, CARB expects a DPM decline of 71% for 2000-2020.

SCAQMD’s Multiple Air Toxics Exposure Study (MATES) stu dy, discussed later illustrates the cancer risk trends, which show an approximate 80% reduction in risk from 2000 to 2020, which correlates to the reductions in DPM anticipated by CARB.

2 It should be noted that ambient DPM concentrations are not measured directly. Rather, a surrogate method using the coefficient of haze (COH) and elemental carbon (EC) is used to estimate DPM concentrations.

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35 EXHIBIT 2-A: DPM AND DIESEL VEHICLE MILES TREND

Source: 2020 CARB

DIESEL REGULATIONS
CARB and the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach (POLA and POLB) have adopted several iterations of regulations for diesel trucks that are aimed at reducing DPM. More specifically, CARB Drayage Truck Regulation (29), CARB statewide On-road Truck and Bus Regulation (30), and the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach Clean Truck Program (CTP) require accelerated implementation of “clean trucks” into the statewide truck fleet (31). In other words, older more polluting trucks would be replaced with newer, cleaner trucks as a function of these regulatory requirements.

Moreover, the average statewide DPM emissions for Heavy Duty Trucks (HDT), in terms of grams of DPM generated per mile traveled, would dramatically be reduced due to the aforementioned regulatory requirements.

Diesel emissions identified in this analysis would therefore overstate future DPM emissions since not all the regulatory requirements are reflected in the modeling.

CANCER RISK TRENDS
Based on information available from CARB, overall cancer risk throughout the SCAB has had a declining trend since 1990. In 1998, following an exhaustive 10 -year scientific assessment process, CARB identified particulate matter from diesel-fueled engines as a toxic air contaminant.

The SCAQMD initiated a comprehensive urban toxic air pollution study called the MATES. DPM accounts for more than 70% of the cancer risk.

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36 In January 2018, as part of the overall effort to reduce air toxics exposure in the SCAB, SCAQMD began conducting the MATES V Program. MATES V field measurements were conducted at ten fixed sites (the same sites selected for MATES III and IV) to assess trends in air toxics levels .

MATES V also included measurements of ultrafine particles (UFP) and black carbon (BC) concentrations, which can be compared to the UFP levels measured in MATES IV (32). The draft report for the MATES V study was published in late May and the comment submission deadline on June 7, 2021. In addition to new measurements and updated modeling results, several key updates were implemented in MATES V. First, MATES V estimates cancer risks by taking into account multiple exposure pat hways, which includes inhalation and non -inhalation pathways.

This approach is consistent with how cancer risks are estimated in South Coast AQMD’s programs such as permitting, Air Toxics Hot Spots (AB2588), and CEQA. Previous MATES studies quantified the cancer risks based on the inhalation pathway only. Second, along with cancer risk estimates, MATES V includes information on the chronic non -cancer risks from inhalation and non - inhalation pathways for the first time. Cancer risks and chronic non -cancer risks from MATES II through IV measurements have been re-examined using current Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) and CalEPA risk assessment methodologies and modern statistical methods to examine the trends over time (33).

MATES-V calculated cancer risks based on monitoring data collected at ten fixed sites within the SCAB. None of the fixed monitoring sites are within the local area of the Project site. However, MATES-V has extrapolated the excess cancer risk levels throughout the SCAB by modeling the specific grids. The Project is located within a quadrant of the geographic grid of the MATES -V model which predicted a cancer risk of 523 per million for the area containing the Project site.

DPM is included in this cancer risk along with all other TAC sources. As in previous MATES iterations, DPM is the largest contributor to overall air toxics cancer risk. However, the average levels of DPM in MATES V are 53% lower at the 10 monitoring sites compare d to MATES IV.

Cumulative Project generated TACs are limited to DPM.

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38 3 PROJECT AIR QUALITY IMPACT

3.1 INTRODUCTION
This study quantifies air quality emissions generated by construction and operation of the Project and addresses whether the Project conflicts with implementation of the SCAQMD’s AQMP and Lead Agency planning regulations. The analysis of Project -generated air emissions determines whether the Project would result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the SCAB is in non-attainment under an applicable NAAQS and CAAQS.

Additionally, the Project has been evaluated to determine whether the Project would expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations and the impacts of odors. The significance of these potential impacts is described in the following sections.

3.2 STANDARDS OF SIGNIFICANCE
The criteria used to determine the significance of potential Project-related air quality impacts are taken from the CEQA Guidelines (14 CCR §§15000, et seq.). Based on these thresholds, a project would result in a significant impact related to air quality if it would (1):
• Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan. • Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is in non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard. • Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations. • Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people.

The SCAQMD has also developed regional significance thresholds for other regulated pollutants, as summarized at Table 3 -1 (34). The SCAQMD’s CEQA Air Quality Significance Thresholds (April 2019) indicate that any projects in the SCAB with daily emissions that exceed any of the indicated thresholds should be considered as having an individually and cumulatively significant air quality impact.

TABLE 3-1: MAXIMUM DAILY REGIONAL EMISSIONS THRESHOLDS
Pollutant Regional Construction Threshold Regional Operational Thresholds NOX 100 lbs/day 55 lbs/day
VOC 75 lbs/day 55 lbs/day
PM10 150 lbs/day 150 lbs/day
PM2.5 55 lbs/day 55 lbs/day
SOX 150 lbs/day 150 lbs/day
CO 550 lbs/day 550 lbs/day
Pb 3 lbs/day 3 lbs/day
lbs/day = Pounds Per Day
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39 3.3 MODELS EMPLOYED TO ANALYZE AIR QUALITY

3.3.1 CALEEMOD
Land uses such as the Project affect air quality through construction -source and operational - source emissions.

In June 2021, t he SCAQMD, in conjunction with the C alifornia Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA) and other California air districts, released the latest version of the CalEEMod Version 2020.4.0 . The purpose of this model is to calculate construction -source and operational-source criteria pollutant (VOCs, NOX, SOX, CO, PM 10, and PM2.5) and GHG emissions from direct and indirect sources; and quantify applicable air quality and GHG reductions achieved from MMs (35). Accordingly, the latest version of CalEEMod has been used for this Project to determine construction and operational air quality emissions. Output from the model runs for both construction and operational activity are provided in Appendices 3.1 through 3.4.

3.4 CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS
Construction activities associated with the Project will result in emissions of VOCs, NOX, SOX, CO, PM10, and PM 2.5. Construction related emissions are expected from the following construction activities:
• Demolition/Crushing
• Site Preparation
• Grading
• Building Construction
• Paving
• Architectural Coating

DEMOLITION ACTIVITIES
The site is currently developed with existing asphalt/concrete and buildings which will be demolished. Demolition of the existing asp halt/concrete and buildings will result in approximately 17,500 total tons of material that would be demolished , crushed, and stockpiled on-site to be used as fill.

CRUSHING ACTIVITIES
The Project activities would include on -site crushing of concrete and asphalt pulverizing during demolition activity. Fugitive dust emissions would also be generated through the crushing debris on-site. The U.S. EPA’s AP-42 compilation of emission factors available in Chapter 11.19.2-2 were used to estimate fugi tive dust from crushing activities. As noted above, it is estimated that approximately 700 tons of debris would be crushed per day.

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40 GRADING ACTIVITIES
Dust is typically a major concern during grading activities. Because such emissions are not amenable to collection and discharge through a controlled source, they are called “fugitive emissions”. Fugitive dust emissions rates vary as a function of many parameters (soil silt, soil moisture, wind speed, area disturbed, number of vehicles, depth of disturbance or excavation, etc.). CalEEMod was utilized to calculate fugitive dust emissions resulting from this phase of activity. This analysis assumes that earthwork activities are expected to balance on site and no import or export of soils would be required.

ON-ROAD TRIPS
Construction generates on-road vehicle emissions from vehicle usage for workers, hauling, and vendors commuting to and from the site. The number of workers, hauling, and vendor trips are presented below in Table 3-2. It should be noted that for Vendor Trip s, specifically, CalEEMod only assigns Vendor Trips to the Building Construction phase. Vendor trips would likely occur during all phases of construction. As such, the CalEEMod defaults for Vendor Trips have been adjusted based on a ratio of the total vend or trips to the number of days of each subphase of activity.

TABLE 3-2: CONSTRUCTION TRIP ASSUMPTIONS
Construction Activity Worker Trips
Per Day
Vendor Trips
Per Day
Hauling Trips
Per Day
Demolition/Crushing 18 10 0
Site Preparation 18 4 0
Grading 20 14 0
Building Construction 259 74 0
Paving 15 0 0
Architectural Coating 52 0 0

3.4.1 CONSTRUCTION DURATION
Construction is anticipated to be gin in January 2023 and will last through January 2024. The construction schedule utilized in the analysis, shown in Table 3 -3, represents a “worst -case” analysis scenario should construction occur any time after the respective dates since emission factors for construction decrease as time passes and the analysis year increases due to emission regulations becoming more stringent 3. The duration of construction activity and associated equipment represents a reasonable approximation of the expected construction fleet as required per CEQA Guidelines (1).

3 As shown in the CalEEMod User’s Guide Version 2020.4.0, Section 4.3 “Off-Road Equipment” as the analysis year increases, emission factors for the same equipment pieces decrease due to the natural turnover of older equipment being replaced by newer less polluting equipment and new regulatory requirements.

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41 TABLE 3-3: CONSTRUCTION DURATION
Construction Activity Start Date End Date Days
Demolition/Crushing 01/15/2023 02/17/2023 25
Site Preparation 02/18/2023 03/03/2023 10
Grading 03/04/2023 04/21/2023 35
Building Construction 04/22/2023 01/15/2024 191
Paving 12/19/2023 01/15/2024 20
Architectural Coating 11/21/2023 01/15/2024 40

3.4.2 CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
Consistent with industry standards and typical construction practices, each piece of equipment listed in Table 3-4 will operate up to a total of eight (8) hours per day, or more than two-thirds of the period during which construction activities are allowed pursuant to the code.

TABLE 3-4: CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT ASSUMPTIONS (1 OF 2)
Construction Activity Equipment1,2 Amount Hours Per Day Demolition/Crushing
Concrete/Industrial Saws 1 8
Crushing/Proc. Equipment 1 8
Excavators 3 8
Rubber Tired Dozers 2 8
Water Trucks 1 8
Site Preparation
Crawler Tractors 4 8
Rubber Tired Dozers 3 8
Grading
Crawler Tractors 2 8
Excavators 2 8
Graders 1 8
Rubber Tired Dozers 1 8
Scrapers 2 4
Water Trucks 1 8
Building Construction
Cranes 2 8
Forklifts 5 8
Generator Sets 2 8
Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 5 8
Welders 2 8
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42 TABLE 3-4: CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT ASSUMPTIONS (2 OF 2) Construction Activity Equipment1 Amount Hours Per Day
Paving
Pavers 2 8
Paving Equipment 2 8
Rollers 2 8
Architectural Coating Air Compressors 1 8
1 In order to account for fugitive dust emissions, Crawler Tractors were used in lieu of Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes. 2 As water trucks are driven on-road, emissions associated with the operations of water trucks have been accounted for in vendor trips.

3.4.3 CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS SUMMARY

IMPACTS WITHOUT MITIGATION
CalEEMod calculates maximum daily emissions for summer and winter periods. The estimated maximum daily construction emissions without mitigation are summarized on Table 3-5. Detailed construction model outputs are presented in Appendi x 3.1. Under the assumed scenarios, emissions resulting from the Project construction will not exceed criteria pollutant thresholds established by the SCAQMD for emissions of any criteria pollutant.

TABLE 3-5: OVERALL CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS SUMMARY – WITHOUT MITIGATION Year
Emissions (lbs/day)
VOC NOX CO SOX PM10 PM2.5
Summer
2023 43.85 43.88 61.13 0.13 10.48 5.71
2024 43.52 41.16 60.14 0.12 5.90 2.77
Winter
2023 43.92 44.09 60.21 0.12 10.48 5.71
2024 43.59 41.36 59.30 0.12 5.90 2.77
Maximum Daily Emissions 43.92 44.09 61.13 0.13 10.48 5.71 SCAQMD Regional Threshold 75 100 550 150 150 55
Threshold Exceeded? NO NO NO NO NO NO
Source: CalEEMod construction-source (unmitigated) emissions are presented in Appendix 3.1

3.5 OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS
Operational activities associated with the Project will result in emissions of VOCs, NO X, SOX, CO, PM10, and PM2.5. Operational emissions are expected from the following primary sources:
• Area Source Emissions
• Energy Source Emissions
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43 • Mobile Source Emissions
• On-Site Cargo Handling Equipment Emissions
• Transportation Refrigeration Units (TRU) Emissions

3.5.1 AREA SOURCE EMISSIONS

ARCHITECTURAL COATINGS
Over a period of time the buildings that are part of this Project will require maintenance and will therefore produce emissions resulting from the evaporation of solvents contained in paints, varnishes, primers, and other surface coatings. The emissions associated with architectural coatings were calculated using CalEEMod.

CONSUMER PRODUCTS
Consumer products include, but are not limited to detergents, cleaning compounds, polishes, personal care products, and lawn and garden products. Many of these products contain organic compounds which when released in the atmosphere can react to form ozone and other photochemically reactive pollutants. The emissions associated with use of consumer products were calculated based on defaults provided within CalEEMod.

LANDSCAPE MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT
Landscape maintenance equipment would generate emissions from fuel combustion and evaporation of unburned fuel. Equipment in this category would include lawnmowers, shedders/grinders, blowers, trimmers, chain saws, and hedge trimmers used to maintain the landscaping of the Project. It should be noted that as October 9, 2021, Governor Gavin Newsom signed AB 1346. The bill aims to ban the sale of new gasoline-powered equipment under 25 gross horsepower (known as small off -road engines [SOREs]) by 2024. For purposes of analysis, t he emissions as sociated with landscape maintenance equipment were calculated based on assumptions provided in CalEEMod.

3.5.2 ENERGY SOURCE EMISSIONS

COMBUSTION EMISSIONS ASSOCIATED WITH NATURAL GAS AND ELECTRICITY Electricity and natural gas are used by almost every project. Criteria pollutant emissions are emitted through the generation of electricity and consumption of natural gas. However, because electrical generating facilities for the Project area are located either outside the region (state) or offset through the use of pollution credits (RECLAIM) for generation within the SCAB, criteria pollutant emissions from offsite generation of electricity are generally excluded from the evaluation of significance and on ly natural gas use is considered. The emissions associated with natural gas use were calculated using CalEEMod.

3.5.3 MOBILE SOURCE EMISSIONS
The Project related operational air quality emissions derive primarily from vehicle trips generated by the Project, including employee trips to and from the site and truck trips associated with the Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis
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44 proposed uses . Trip characteristics available from the Cherry Avenue Warehouse Traffic Assessment were utilized in this analysis (5).

APPROACH FOR ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT
In order to determine emissions from passenger car vehicles, the CalEEMod defaults were utilized for trip length and trip purpose for the proposed industrial land uses.

For the proposed industrial uses, it is important to note that although the Cherry Avenue Warehouse Traffic Assessment does not breakdown passenger cars by type, this analysis assumes that passenger cars include Light -Duty-Auto vehicles (LDA), Light -Duty-Trucks (LDT14 & LDT25), Medium-Duty-Vehicles (MDV), and Motorcycles (MCY) vehicle types. To account for emissions generated by passenger cars, the following fleet mix was utilized in this analysis:

TABLE 3-6: PASSENGER CAR FLEET MIX
Land Use
% Vehicle Type
LDA LDT1 LDT2 MDV MCY
High-Cube Fulfillment (Non-Sort)(85%)

57.33% 6.74% 19.90% 13.41% 2.62%
High-Cube Cold Storage (15%)
Note: The Project-specific passenger car fleet mix used in this analysis is based on a proportional split utilizing the default CalEEMod percentages assigned to LDA, LDT1, LDT2, and MDV vehicle types.

To determine emissions from trucks for the proposed industrial uses, the analysis incorporated the SCAQMD recommended truck trip length of 14.2 miles for 2-axle and 3-axle (LHDT1, LHDT2, and MHDT) trucks and 40 miles for 4+-axle (HHDT) trucks and weighting the average trip lengths using traffic trip percentages taken from the Cherry Avenue Warehouse Traffic Assessment. The trip length function for the high-cube fulfillment (non-sort) and the high-cube cold storage (15%) uses has been revised to 29.9 miles, with an assumption of 100% primary trips for the proposed industrial land uses . Heavy trucks are broken down by truck type (or axle type) and are categorized as either Light -Heavy-Duty Trucks (LHDT1 6 & LHDT2 7)/2-axle, Medium-Heavy-Duty Trucks (MHDT)/3-axle, and Heavy-Heavy-Duty Trucks (HHDT)/4+-axle. To account for emissions generated by trucks, the following fleet mix was utilized in this analysis. Heavy trucks are broken down by truck type (or axle type) and are categorized as either Light-Heavy-Duty Trucks (LHDT18 & LHDT2 9)/2-axle, Medium -Heavy-Duty Trucks (MHDT) /3-axle, and Heavy -Heavy-Duty Trucks (HHDT)/4+-axle. In order to account for emissions generated by trucks, the following fleet mix was utilized in this analysis:

4 Vehicles under the LDT1 category have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of less than 6,000 lbs. and equivalent test weight (ETW) of less than or equal to 3,750 lbs.
5 Vehicles under the LDT2 category have a GVWR of less than 6,000 lbs. and ETW between 3,751 lbs. and 5,750 lbs. 6 Vehicles under the LHDT1 category have a GVWR of 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. 7 Vehicles under the LHDT2 category have a GVWR of 10,001 to 14,000 lbs. 8 Vehicles under the LHDT1 category have a GVWR of 8,501 to 10,000 lbs. 9 Vehicles under the LHDT2 category have a GVWR of 10,001 to 14,000 lbs.

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45 TABLE 3-7: TRUCK FLEET MIX
Land Use
% Vehicle Type
LHDT1 LHDT2 MHDT HHDT
High-Cube Fulfillment (Non-Sort)(85%) 13.14% 3.53% 20.00% 63.33% High-Cube Cold Storage (15%) 25.51% 6.85% 8.82% 58.82%
Note: Project-specific truck fleet mix is based on the number of trips generated by each truck type (LHDT1, LHDT2, MHDT, and HHDT) relative to the total number of truck trips.

FUGITIVE DUST RELATED TO VEHICULAR TRAVEL
Vehicles traveling on paved roads would be a source of fugitive emissions due to the generation of road dust inclusive of break and tire wear particulates. The emissions estimate for travel on paved roads were calculated using CalEEMod.

3.5.4 ON-SITE CARGO HANDLING EQUIPMENT EMISSIONS
It is common for warehouse buildings to require the operation of exterior cargo handling equipment in the building’s truck court areas . For this particular Project, on -site modeled operational equipment includes up to one (1) 200 horsepower (hp), compressed natural gas or gasoline-powered tractors/loaders/backhoes operating at 4 hours a day 10 for 365 days of the year.

3.5.5 TRU EMISSIONS
In order to account for the possibility of refrigerated uses, trucks associated with the cold-storage land use are assumed to also have TRUs. Therefore, for modeling purposes 17 one-way truck trips have the potential to include TRUs. TRUs are accounted for during on-site and off-site travel. The TRU calculations are based on the EMFAC Offroad Emissions , developed by the CARB. EMFAC does not provide emission rates per hour or mile as with the on -road emission model and only provides emission inventories. Emission results are produced in tons per day while all activity, fuel consumption and horsepower hours were reported at annual levels. The emission inventory is based on specific assumptions including the average horsepower rating of specific ty pes of equipment and the hours of operation annually. These assumptions are not always consistent with assumptions used in the modeling of project level emissions. Therefore, the emissions inventory was converted into emission rates to accurately calcula te emissions from TRU operation associated with project level details. This was accomplished by converting the annual horsepower hours to daily operational characteristics and converting the daily emission levels into hourly emission rates based on the to tal emission of each criteria pollutant by equipment type and the average daily hours of operation.

10 Based on Table II-3, Port and Rail Cargo Handling Equipment Demographics by Type, from CARB’s Technology Assessment: Mobile Cargo Handling Equipment document, a single piece of equipment could operate up to 2 hours per day (Total Average Annual Activity divided by Total Number Pieces of Equipment). As such, the analysis conservatively assumes that the tractor/loader/backhoe would operate up to 4 hours per day.

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46 3.5.6 OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS SUMMARY

EXISTING EMISSIONS
As previously stated, t he Project site is currently occupied. The estimated operation -source emissions from the existing development are summarized on Table 3 -8. Detailed operation model outputs are presented in Appendix 3.2.

TABLE 3-8: EMISSIONS FROM EXISTING DEVELOPMENT
Source
Emissions (lbs/day)
VOC NOX CO SOX PM10 PM2.5
Summer
Area Source 7.02 8.60E-04 0.09 1.00E-05 3.40E-04 3.40E-04 Energy Source 7.83E-03 0.07 0.06 4.30E-04 5.41E-03 5.41E-03 Mobile Source 0.40 0.31 4.32 9.53E-03 1.05 0.28
Total Maximum Daily Emissions 7.43 0.38 4.48 9.97E-03 1.06 0.29 Winter
Area Source 7.02 8.60E-04 0.09 1.00E-05 3.40E-04 3.40E-04 Energy Source 7.83E-03 0.07 0.06 4.30E-04 5.41E-03 5.41E-03 Mobile Source 0.40 0.34 4.19 9.09E-03 1.05 0.28
Total Maximum Daily Emissions 7.43 0.41 4.35 9.53E-03 1.06 0.29 Source: CalEEMod operational-source emissions for the existing development are presented in Appendix 3.2.

PROPOSED PROJECT EMISSIONS
As previously stated, CalEEMod utilizes summer and winter EMFAC2017 emission factors in order to derive vehicle emissions a ssociated with Project operational activities, which vary by season.

The estimated operational-source emissions are summarized on Tables 3 -9. Detailed operation model outputs for the Project are presented in Appendices 3.3 and 3.4. As shown on Table 3-9, the Project’s daily regional emissions from on -going operations will not exceed any of the thresholds of significance.

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47 TABLE 3-9: SUMMARY OF PEAK OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS
Source
Emissions (lbs/day)
VOC NOX CO SOX PM10 PM2.5
Summer
Area Source 6.94 1.11E-03 0.12 1.00E-05 4.30E-04 4.30E-04 Energy Source 7.94E-03 0.07 0.06 4.30E-04 5.49E-03 5.49E-03 Mobile Source 1.90 13.61 21.50 0.10 6.80 1.91
TRU Source 1.18 1.31 0.14 0.00E+00 0.06 0.05
On-Site Equipment Source 0.11 0.97 0.75 3.16E-03 0.04 0.03 Project Maximum Daily Emissions 10.14 15.97 22.58 0.11 6.89 2.00 Existing 7.43 0.38 4.48 0.01 1.06 0.29
Total Maximum Daily Emissions 2.71 15.59 18.10 0.10 5.83 1.71 SCAQMD Regional Threshold 55 55 550 150 150 55
Threshold Exceeded? NO NO NO NO NO NO
Winter
Area Source 6.94 1.11E-03 0.12 1.00E-05 4.30E-04 4.30E-04 Energy Source 7.94E-03 0.07 0.06 4.30E-04 5.49E-03 5.49E-03 Mobile Source 1.87 14.26 20.98 0.10 6.80 1.91
TRU Source 1.18 1.31 0.14 0.00E+00 0.06 0.05
On-Site Equipment Source 0.11 0.97 0.75 3.16E-03 0.04 0.03 Project Maximum Daily Emissions 10.11 16.62 22.05 0.11 6.89 2.00 Existing 7.43 0.41 4.35 0.01 1.06 0.29
Total Maximum Daily Emissions 2.68 16.20 17.70 0.10 5.83 1.71 SCAQMD Regional Threshold 55 55 550 150 150 55
Project Maximum Daily Emissions NO NO NO NO NO NO
Source: CalEEMod operational-source emissions are presented in Appendices 3.2 and 3.4.

3.6 LOCALIZED SIGNIFICANCE

BACKGROUND ON LST DEVELOPMENT
The analysis makes use of methodology included in the SCAQMD Final Localized Significance Threshold Methodology (LST Methodology). The SCAQMD has established that impacts to air quality are significant if there is a potential to contribute or cause localiz ed exceedances of the federal and/or state ambient air quality standards (NAAQS/CAAQS). Collectively, these are referred to as Localized Significance Thresholds (LSTs).

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48 The SCAQMD established LSTs in response to the SCAQMD Governing Board’s Environmental Justice Initiative I -411. LSTs represent the maximum emissions from a project that would not cause or contribute to an exceedance of the most stringent applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard at the nearest residence or sensitive receptor. The SCAQMD states that lead agencies can use the LSTs as another indicator of significance in its air quality impact analyses.

LSTs were developed in response to environmental justice and health concerns raised by the public regarding exposure of individu als to criteria pollutants in local communities. To address the issue of localized significance, the SCAQMD adopted LSTs that show whether a project would cause or contribute to localized air quality impacts and thereby cause or contribute to potential localized adverse health effects. The analysis makes use of methodology included in the LST Methodology (36).

APPLICABILITY OF LSTS FOR THE PROJECT
For this Project, the appropriate SRA for the LST analysis is the SCAQMD South Coastal LA County 3 (SRA 4). LSTs apply to CO, NO 2, PM 10, and PM 2.5. The SCAQMD produced look -up tables for projects less than or equal to 5 acres in size.

In order to determine the appropriate methodology for determining localized impacts that could occur as a result of Project-related construction, the following process is undertaken:
• Identify the maximum daily on-site emissions that will occur during construction activity:
o The maximum daily on -site emissions could be based on information provided by the Project Applicant; or
o The SCAQMD’s Fact Sheet for Applying CalEEMod to Localized Significance Thresholds and CalEEMod User’s Guide Appendix A: Calculation Details for CalEEMod can be used to determine the maximum site acreage that is actively disturbed based on the construction equipment fleet and equipment hours as estimated in CalEEMod (37) (38). • If the total acreage disturbed is less than or equal to 5 acres per day, then the SCAQMD’s screening look-up tables are utilized to determine if a Project has the potential to result in a significant impact. The look-up tables establish a maximum daily emissions threshold in lbs/day that can be compared to CalEEMod outputs.
• If the total acreage disturbed is greater than 5 acres per day, then LST impacts may still be conservatively evaluated using the LST look-up tables for a 5-acre disturbance area. Use of the 5- acre disturbance area thresholds can be used to show that even if the daily emissions from all construction activity were emitted within a 5 -acre area, and therefore concentrated over a smaller area which would result in greater site adjacent concen trations, the impacts would still be less than significant if the applicable 5-acre thresholds are utilized. • The LST Methodology presents mass emission rates for each SRA, project sizes of 1, 2, and 5 acres, and nearest receptor distances of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 500 meters. For project sizes between the

11 The purpose of SCAQMD’s Environmental Justice program is to ensure that everyone has the right to equal protection from air pollution and fair access to the decision-making process that works to improve the quality of air within their communities. Further, the SCAQMD defines Environmental Justice as “…equitable environmental policymaking and enforcement to protect the health of all residents, regardless of age, culture, ethnicity, gender, race, socioeconomic status, or geographic location, from the health effects of air pollution.” Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis
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49 values given, or with receptors at distances between the given receptors, the methodology uses linear interpolation to determine the thresholds.

EMISSIONS CONSIDERED
Based on SCAQMD’s LST Methodology, emissions of concern during construction activities are on-site NO X, CO, PM 2.5, and PM 10. The LST Methodology clearly states that “off -site mobile emissions from the Project should not be included in the emissions compared to LSTs (39).” As such, for purposes of the construction LST analysis, only emissions included in the CalEEMod “on- site” emissions outputs were considered.

MAXIMUM DAILY DISTURBED-ACREAGE
The “acres disturbed” for analytical purposes are based on speci fic equipment type for each subcategory of construction activity and the estimated maximum area a given piece of equipment can pass over in an 8-hour workday (as shown on Table 3-10). The equipment-specific grading rates are summarized in the SCAQMD’s Fact Sheet for Applying CalEEMod to Localized Significance Thresholds and CalEEMod User’s Guide Appendix A: Calculation Details for CalEEMod (37) (40). It The disturbed area per day is representative of a piece of equipment making multiple passes over the same land area. In other words, one Rubber Tired Dozer can make multiple passes over the same land area totaling 0.5 acres in a given 8-hour day. Based on Table 3-10, the Project’s construction activities could actively disturb approximately 1.0 acre per day during demolition/crushing, 3.5 acres per day during site preparation, and 3.0 acres per day during grading activities.

It should be noted that in CalEEMod, t he Total Acres Graded (TAG) field represents the cumulative distance traversed on the property by the grading equipment. In order to properly grade a piece of land, multiple passes with grading equipment may be required. So even though the lot size is a fixed number of acres, the TAG could be an order of magnitude higher than the footprint of the lot (40). Total Acres Graded (TAG) is a function of the maximum acreage disturbed per day times the number of days of the subphase of construction. As such, the TAG field in CalEEMod has been revised to 35 acres (3.5 acres per day x 10 days) for site preparation and 105 acres (3.0 acres per day x 35 days) for grading.12

12 CalEEMod does not provide a “Total Acres Graded” field for Demolition, Building Construction, Paving, or Architectural Coating activities.

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50 TABLE 3-10: MAXIMUM DAILY DISTURBED-ACREAGE
Construction
Activity Equipment Type Equipment
Quantity
Acres graded
per 8-hour day
Operating
Hours per Day
Acres graded
per day
Demolition/Crushing Rubber Tired Dozers 2 0.5 8 1.0
Total acres disturbed per day during Demolition/Crushing 1.0 Site Preparation
Crawler Tractors 4 0.5 8 2.0
Rubber Tired Dozers 3 0.5 8 1.5
Total acres disturbed per day during Site Preparation 3.5 Grading
Crawler Tractors 2 0.5 8 1.0
Graders 1 0.5 8 0.5
Rubber Tired Dozers 1 0.5 8 0.5
Scrapers 2 1.0 8 1.0
Total acres disturbed per day during Grading 3.0
Source: Maximum daily disturbed acreage based on equipment list presented in Appendix 3.1.

RECEPTORS
As previously stated, LSTs represent the maximum emissions from a project that would not cause or contribute to an exceedance of the most stringent applicable NAAQS and CAAQS at the nearest residence or sensitive receptor. Receptor locations are off -site locations where individuals may be exposed to emissions from Project activities.

Some people are especially sensitive to air pollution and are given special consideration when evaluating air quality impacts from projects. These groups of people include children, the elderly, and individuals with pre -existing respiratory or cardiovascular illness. Structures that house these persons or places where they gather are defined as “sensitive receptors”. These structures typically include uses such as residences, hotels, and hospitals where an individual can remain for 24 hours. Consistent with the LST Methodology, the nearest land use where an individual could remain for 24 hours to the Project site (in this case the West Valley Detention Center) has been used to determine construction and operational air quality impacts for emissions of PM 10 and PM2.5, since PM10 and PM2.5 thresholds are based on a 24-hour averaging time.

LSTs apply, even for non-sensitive land uses, consistent with LST Methodology and SCAQMD guidance. Per the LST Methodology, commercial and industrial facilities are not included in the definition of sensitive receptor because employees and patrons do not typically remain onsite for a full 24 hours but are typically onsite for 8 hours or less. However, LST Methodology explicitly states that “LSTs based on shorter averaging periods, such as the NO2 and CO LSTs, could also be applied to receptors such as industrial or commercial facilities since it is reasonable to assume that a worker at these sites could be present for periods of one to eight hours (39).” Therefore, any adjacent land use where an individual could remain for 1 or 8-hours, that is located at a closer distance to the Project site than the receptor used for PM 10 and PM 2.5 analysis, must be Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis
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51 considered to determine construction and operational LST air impacts for emissions of NO 2 and CO since these pollutants have an averaging time of 1 and 8-hours.

RECEPTORS
Receptors in the relative to Project area are described below and shown on Exhibit 3-A. Localized air quality impacts were evaluated at receptor land uses nearest the Project site. All distances are measured from the Project site boundary to the outdoor living areas (e.g., backyards) or at the building façade, whichever is closer to the Project site.

R1: Location R1 represents the existing residence at 2021 East Curry Street , approximately 1,041 feet north of the Project site. Since there are no private outdoor living areas (backyards) facing the Project site, receptor R1 is placed at the building façade.

R2: Location R2 represents the Southfield Apartments at 5565 Ackerfield Avenue approximately 831 feet southeast of the Project site. Since there are no private outdoor living areas (backyards) facing the Project site, receptor R2 is placed at the building façade.

R3: Location R3 represents the Crossroads Church at 1900 East South Street, approximately 747 feet southwest of the Project site. Since there are no private outdoor living areas (backyards) facing the Project site, receptor R3 is placed at the building façade.

R4: Location R 4 represents the Intercity Fellowship Hall at 5881 Cherry Avenue , approximately 107 feet southwest of the Project site. Since there are no private outdoor living areas (backyards) facin g the Project site, receptor R4 is placed at the building façade.

R5: Location R5 represents the existing residence at 5945 Cherry Avenue, approximately 101 feet west of the Project site. Since there are no private outdoor living areas (backyards) facing the Project site, receptor R5 is placed at the residential building façade.

R6: Location R6 represents Harte Elementary School at 1671 E. Phillips Street, approximately 1,002 feet southwest of the Project site. Receptor R6 is placed at the building façade.

R7: Location R7 represents the Food 4 Less grocery store located at 2185 East South Street, approximately 21 feet south of the Project site. Receptor R7 is placed at the building façade.

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52 EXHIBIT 3-A: SENSITIVE RECEPTOR LOCATIONS

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53 The SCAQMD recommends that the nearest sensitive receptor be considered when determining the Project’s potential to cause an individual a cumulatively significant impact. The nearest land use where an individual could remain for 24 hours to the Project site has been used to determine localized construction and operational air quality impacts for emissions of PM10 and PM2.5 (since PM10 and PM2.5 thresholds are based on a 24 -hour averaging time). The nearest recep tor used for evaluation of localized impacts of PM 10 and PM 2.5 is represented by location R6 which represents the existing residence at 5949 Cherry Avenue, approximately 101 feet (31 meters) west of the Project site.

As previously stated, and consistent wi th LST Methodology, the nearest industrial/commercial use to the Project site is used to determine construction and operational LST air impacts for emissions of NO X and CO as the averaging periods for these pollutants are shorter (8 hours or less) and it is reasonable to assumed that an individual could be present at these sites for periods of one to 8 hours. The nearest receptor used for evaluation of localized impacts of NOX and CO is represented by location R8 which represents the Food 4 Less grocery store located at 2185 East South Street, approximately 21 feet (6 meters) south of the Project site. It should be noted that the LST Methodology explicitly states that “It is possible that a project may have receptors closer than 25 meters. Projects with boun daries located closer than 25 meters to the nearest receptor should use the LSTs for receptors located at 25 meters (41).” As such a 25-meter receptor distance will be used for evaluation of localized NOX and CO.

3.7 CONSTRUCTION-SOURCE EMISSIONS LST ANALYSIS

3.7.1 LOCALIZED THRESHOLDS FOR CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY
Since the total acreage disturbed is less than five acres per day for site preparation and grading activities, the SCAQMD’s screening look-up tables are utilized in determining impacts. Consistent with SCAQMD guidance, the thresholds presented in Table 3-11 were calculated by interpolating the threshold values for the Project’s disturbed acreage.

TABLE 3-11: MAXIMUM DAILY LOCALIZED CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS THRESHOLDS Construction Activity
Construction Localized Thresholds
NOX CO PM10 PM10
Demolition/Crushing 57 lbs/day 585 lbs/day 10 lbs/day 5 lbs/day Site Preparation 103 lbs/day 1,186 lbs/day 16 lbs/day 7 lbs/day Grading 96 lbs/day 1,071 lbs/day 14 lbs/day 6 lbs/day
Source: Localized Thresholds presented in this table are based on the SCAQMD Final LST Methodology, July 2008

3.7.2 CONSTRUCTION-SOURCE LOCALIZED EMISSIONS

IMPACTS WITHOUT MITIGATION
Table 3-12 identifies the localized impacts at the nearest receptor location in the vicinity of the Project. Without mitigation, localized construction emissions would not exceed the applicable Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis
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54 SCAQMD LSTs for emissions of any criterial pollutant. Outputs from the m odel runs for unmitigated construction LSTs are provided in Appendix 3.1.

TABLE 3-12: LOCALIZED CONSTRUCTION-SOURCE EMISSIONS – WITHOUT MITIGATION Construction Phase Year
Emissions (lbs/day)
NOX CO PM10 PM2.5
Demolition/Crushing
2023 24.47 23.97 7.37 2.04
Maximum Daily Emissions 24.47 23.97 7.37 2.04
SCAQMD Localized Threshold 57 585 10 5
Threshold Exceeded?

NO NO NO NO
Site Preparation
2023 41.88 18.29 10.25 5.65
Maximum Daily Emissions 41.88 18.29 10.25 5.65
SCAQMD Localized Threshold 103 1,186 16 7
Threshold Exceeded?

NO NO NO NO
Grading
2023 33.41 21.94 4.95 2.66
Maximum Daily Emissions 33.41 21.94 4.95 2.66
SCAQMD Localized Threshold 96 1,071 14 6
Threshold Exceeded? NO NO NO NO
Source: CalEEMod unmitigated localized construction-source emissions are presented in Appendix 3.1.

3.8 OPERATIONAL-SOURCE EMISSIONS LST ANALYSIS
The Project is located on an approximately 14.16-acre parcel. As noted previously, the LST Methodology provides look-up tables for sites with an area with daily disturbance of 5 acres or less. For projects that exceed 5 acres, the 5 -acre LST look-up tables can be used as a screening tool to determine whether pollutants require additional detailed analysis. This approach is conservative as it assumes that all on -site emissions associated with the project would occur within a concentrated 5-acre area. This screening method would therefore over-predict potential localized impacts, because by assuming that on-site operational activities are occurring over a smaller area, the resulting concentrations of air pollutants are more highly concentrated once they reach the smaller site boundary than they would be for activities if they were spread out over a larger surface area. On a larger site, the same amount of air pollutants generated would disperse over a larger surface area and would result in a lower concentration once emissions reach the project-site boundary. As such, LSTs for a 5 -acre site during ope rations are used as a screening tool to determine if further detailed analysis is required.

The LST analysis generally includes on -site sources (area, energy, mobile, and on -site cargo handling equipment – are previously discussed in Section 3.5 of this report). However, it should be noted that the CalEEMod outputs do not separate on-site and off-site emissions from mobile sources. As such, in an effort to establish a maximum potential impact scenario for analytic purposes, the emissions shown on Table 3 -14 represent all on -site Project -related stationary Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis
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55 (area) sources and 5% of the Project-related mobile sources. Considering that the trip length used in CalEEMod for the Project is approximately 16.6 miles for passenger cars and 29.9 miles for all trucks, 5% of this total would represent an on-site travel distance of approximately 0.8 mile/4,382 feet for passenger cars and 1.5 miles/7,893 feet for trucks. It should be noted that the longest on-site distance is roughly 0. 5 miles for both trucks and passenger cars. As such, the 5% assumption is conservative and would tend to overstate the actual impact because it is not likely that a passenger car would drive 0.8 mile on the site or that a truck would drive 1.5 miles on the site. Modeling based on these assumptions demonstrates that even within broad encompassing parameters, Project operational-source emissions would not exceed applicable LSTs.

3.8.1 LOCALIZED THRESHOLDS FOR OPERATIONAL ACTIVITY
As previously stated, LSTs for a 5 -acre site during operations are used as a screening tool to determine if further detailed analysis is required.

TABLE 3-13: MAXIMUM DAILY LOCAL IZED OPERATIONAL EMISSIONS THRESHOLDS Operational Localized Thresholds
NOX CO PM10 PM10
123 lbs/day 1,530 lbs/day 5 lbs/day 2 lbs/day
Source: Localized Thresholds presented in this table are based on the SCAQMD Final LST Methodology, July 2008

3.8.2 OPERATIONAL-SOURCE LOCALIZED EMISSIONS

IMPACTS WITHOUT MITIGATION
As shown on Table 3 -14 operational emissions would not exceed the LST thresholds for the nearest sensitive receptor. Therefore, the Project would have a less than significant localized impact during operational activity.

TABLE 3-14: LOCALIZED SIGNIFICANCE SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS – WITHOUT MITIGATION Scenario
Emissions (lbs/day)
NOX CO PM10 PM2.5
Summer 1.79 2.01 0.38 0.14
Winter 1.82 1.99 0.38 0.14
Maximum Daily Emissions 1.82 2.01 0.38 0.14
SCAQMD Localized Threshold 123 1,530 5 2
Threshold Exceeded? NO NO NO NO
Source: CalEEMod localized operational-source emissions are presented in Appendices 3.2 and 3.4.

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56 3.9 CO “HOT SPOT” ANALYSIS
As discussed below, the Project would not result in potentially adverse CO concentrations or “hot spots.” Further, detailed modeling of Project-specific CO “hot spots” is not needed to reach this conclusion. An adverse CO concentration, known as a “hot spot”, would occur if an exceedance of the state one-hour standard of 20 ppm or the eight-hour standard of 9 ppm were to occur.

It has long been recognized that CO hotspots are caused by vehicular emissions, primarily when idling at congested intersections. In response, vehicle emissions standards have become increasingly stringent in the last twenty years. Currently, the allowable CO emissions standard in California is a maximum of 3.4 grams/mile for passenger cars (there are requirements for certain vehicles that are more stringent). With the turnover of older vehicles , introduction of cleaner fuels, and implementation of increasingly sophisticated and efficient emissions control technologies, CO concentration in the SCAB is now designated as attainment.

To establish a more accurate record of baseline CO concentrations affecting the SCAB, a CO “hot spot” analysis was conducted in 2003 for four busy intersections in Los Angeles at the peak morning and afternoon time periods. This “hot spot” analysis did not predict any violation of CO standards, as shown on Table 3-15.

TABLE 3-15: CO MODEL RESULTS
Intersection Location
CO Concentrations (ppm)
Morning 1-hour Afternoon 1-hour 8-hour
Wilshire Boulevard/Veteran Avenue 4.6 3.5 3.7
Sunset Boulevard/Highland Avenue 4 4.5 3.5
La Cienega Boulevard/Century Boulevard 3.7 3.1 5.2
Long Beach Boulevard/Imperial Highway 3 3.1 8.4
Source: 2003 AQMP, Appendix V: Modeling and Attainment Demonstrations Notes: Federal 1-hour standard is 35 ppm and the deferral 8-hour standard is 9.0 ppm.

Based on the SCAQMD's 2003 AQMP and the 1992 Federal Attainment Plan for Carbon Monoxide (1992 CO Plan ), peak carbon monoxide concentrations in the SCAB were a result of unusual meteorological and topographical conditions and not a result of traffic volumes and congestion at a particular intersection. As evidence of this, for example, 8.4 ppm 8 -hr CO concentration measured at the Long Beach Blvd. and Imperial Hwy. intersection (highest CO generating intersection within the “hot spot” analysis), only 0.7 ppm was attributable to the traffic volumes and congestion at this intersection; the remaining 7.7 ppm were due to the ambient air measurements at the time the 2003 AQMP was prepared (42). In contrast, an adverse CO concentration, known as a “hot spot”, would occur if an exceedance of the state one -hour standard of 20 parts per million (ppm) or the eight-hour standard of 9 ppm were to occur.

The ambient 1-hr and 8-hr CO concentration within the Project study area is estimated to be 4.5 ppm and 3.1 ppm, respectively (data from South Coastal LA County 4 station for 2020). Therefore, even if the traffic volumes for the proposed Project were double or even triple of the traffic Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis
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57 volumes generated at the Long Beach Blvd. and Imperial Hwy. intersection, coupled with the on- going improvements in ambient air quality, the Project would not be capable of resulting in a CO “hot spot” at any study area intersections.

Similar considerations are also empl oyed by other Air Districts when evaluating potential CO concentration impacts. More specifically, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) concludes that under existing and future vehicle emission rates, a given project would have to increase traffic volumes at a single intersection by more than 44,000 vehicles per hour (vph)—or 24,000 vph where vertical and/or horizontal air does not mix —in order to generate a significant CO impact (43). Traffic volumes generating the CO concentrations for the “hot spot” analysis is shown on Table 3 -16. The busiest intersection evaluated was that at Wilshire Boulevard and Veteran Avenue, which has a daily traffic volume of approximately 100,000 vph and AM/PM traffic volumes of 8,062 vph and 7,719 vph respectively (42). The 2003 AQMP estimated that the 1 -hour concentration for this intersection was 4.6 ppm; this indicates that, should the daily traffic volume increase four times to 400,000 vehicles per day, CO concentrations (4.6 ppm x 4= 18.4 ppm) would still not likely exceed the most stringent 1-hour CO standard (20.0 ppm)13.

TABLE 3-16: TRAFFIC VOLUMES
Intersection Location
Peak Traffic Volumes (vph)
Eastbound
(AM/PM)
Westbound
(AM/PM)
Southbound
(AM/PM)
Northbound
(AM/PM)
Total
(AM/PM)
Wilshire Boulevard/Veteran Avenue 4,954/2,069 1,830/3,317 721/1,400 560/933 8,062/7,719 Sunset Boulevard/Highland Avenue 1,417/1,764 1,342/1,540 2,304/1,832 1,551/2,238 6,614/5,374 La Cienega Boulevard/Century Boulevard 2,540/2,243 1,890/2,728 1,384/2,029 821/1,674 6,634/8,674 Long Beach Boulevard/Imperial Highway 1,217/2,020 1,760/1,400 479/944 756/1,150 4,212/5,514 Source: 2003 AQMP

3.10 AQMP
The Project site is located within the SCAB, which is characterized by relatively poor air quality.

The SCAQMD has jurisdiction over an approximately 10,743 square -mile area consisting of the four-county Basin and the Los Angeles County and Riverside County portions of what use to be referred to as the Southeast Desert Air Basin. In these areas, the SCAQMD is principally responsible for air pollution control, and works direct ly with the SCAG, county transportation commissions, local governments, as well as state and federal agencies to reduce emissions from stationary, mobile, and indirect sources to meet state and federal ambient air quality standards.

Currently, these state and federal air quality standards are exceeded in most parts of the SCAB.

In response, the SCAQMD has adopted a series of AQMPs to meet the state and federal ambient air quality standards. AQMPs are updated regularly to more effectively reduce emissions,

13 Based on the ratio of the CO standard (20.0 ppm) and the modeled value (4.6 ppm) Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis
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58 accommodate growth, and to minimize any negative fiscal impacts of air pollution control on the economy.

In March 2017, the SCAQMD released the Final 2016 AQMP (2016 AQMP ). The 2016 AQMP continues to evaluate current integrated strategies and control measures to meet the NAAQS, as well as explore new and innovative methods to reach its goals. Some of these approaches include utilizing incentive programs, recognizing existing co -benefit programs from other sectors, and developing a strategy with fair-share reductions at the federal, state, and local levels (44). Similar to the 2012 AQMP, the 2016 AQMP incorporates scientific and technological information and planning assumptions, including the 2016-2040 RTP/SCS, a planning document that supports the integration of land use and transportation to help the region meet the federal CAA requirements (19). The Project’s consistency with the AQMP will be determined using the 2016 AQMP as discussed below.

Criteria for determining consistency with the AQMP are defined in Chapter 12, Section 12.2 and Section 12.3 of the 1993 CEQA Handbook (45). These indicators are discussed below:

3.10.1 CONSISTENCY CRITERION NO. 1
The proposed Project will not result in an increase in the frequency or severity of existing air quality violations or cause or contribute to new violations or delay the timely attainment of air quality standards or the interim emissions reductions specified in the AQMP.

The violations that Consistency Criterion No. 1 refers to are the CAAQS and NAAQS. CAAQS and NAAQS violations would occur if regional or localized significance thresholds were exceeded.

Construction Impacts – Consistency Criterion 1
Consistency Criterion No. 1 refers to violations of the CAAQS and NAAQS. CAAQS and NAAQS violations would occur if LSTs or regional significance thresholds were exceeded. As evaluated, the Project’s regional and localized construction -source emissions would not exceed applicable regional significance threshold and LST thresholds. As such, a less than significant impact is expected.

Operational Impacts – Consistency Criterion 1
As evaluated, the Project would not exceed the applicable regional and localized significance thresholds for operational activity. Therefore, the Project would not conflict with the AQMP according to this criterion.

On the basis of the preceding discussion, the Project is determined to be consistent with the first criterion.

3.10.2 CONSISTENCY CRITERION NO. 2
The Project will not exceed the assumptions in the AQMP based on the years of Project build - out phase.

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59 The 2016 AQMP demonstrates that the applicable ambient air quality standards can be achieved within the timeframes required under federal law. Growth projections from local general plans adopted by cities in the district are provided to the SCAG, wh ich develops regional growth forecasts, which are then used to develop future air quality forecasts for the AQMP. Development consistent with the growth projections in City of Long Beach General Plan is considered to be consistent with the AQMP.

Construction Impacts – Consistency Criterion 2
Peak day emissions generated by construction activities are largely independent of land use assignments, but rather are a function of development scope and maximum area of disturbance.

Irrespective of the site’s land use designation, development of the site to its maximum potential would likely occur, with disturbance of the entire site occurring during construction activities. As such, when considering that no emissions thresholds will be exceeded, a less than signi ficant impact would result.

Operational Impacts – Consistency Criterion 2
The Project site is the Project site is located within a General Industrial district. The General Industrial district is considered the City's "industrial sanctuary" district where a wide range of industries that may not be desirable in other districts may locate. The emphasis is on traditionally heavy industrial and manufacturing uses. The General Industrial district is intended to promote an "industrial sanctuary" where land is pres erved for industry and manufacturing, and where existing industries are protected from non -industrial users that may object to the operating characteristics of industry. Performance standards still must be met, but the development standards are the minimum necessary to assure safe, functional, and environmentally -sound activities.

The General Industrial district includes uses such as large construction yards with heavy equipment, chemical manufacturing plants, rail yards, and food processing plants. The bui ldings that house these operations may be older industrial buildings retrofitted to accommodate the use, or new state-of-the-art manufacturing plants. As is the case with all the industrial districts, the focus of the General Industrial district is on the operating characteristics of the use, rather than the particular product created (4).

The Project is proposed to consist of 258,376 sf of high -cube fulfillment (non -sort) warehouse use (85% of total square footage) and approximately 45,596 sf of high-cube cold storage use (15% of total square footage) for a total of 303,972 sf , which is generally consistent with the site’s General Plan land use designation. Since the Project’s proposed land uses are consistent with the General Plan and as the Project’s construction and operational -source air pollutant emissions would not exceed the regional or localized significance thresholds, the Project is determined to be consistent with the second criterion.

On the basis of the prece ding discussion, the Project is determined to be consistent with the second criterion.

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60 AQMP CONSISTENCY CONCLUSION
The Project would not have the potential to result in or cause NAAQS or CAAQS violations.

Additionally, Project construction and operational -source emissions would not exceed the regional or localized significance thresholds. The Project is therefore considered to be consistent with the AQMP.

3.11 POTENTIAL IMPACTS TO SENSITIVE RECEPTORS
The potential impact of Project-generated air pollutant emissions at sensitive receptors has also been considered. Results of the LST analysis indicate that the Project will not exceed the SCAQMD localized significance thresholds during construction. Therefore, sensitive receptors would not be exposed to substantial pollutant concentrations during Project construction.

Additionally, the Project will not exceed the SCAQMD localized signific ance thresholds during operational activity. Further Project traffic would not create or result in a CO “hotspot.” Therefore, sensitive receptors would not be exposed to substantial pollutant concentrations as the result of Project operations.

3.11.1 FRIANT RANCH CASE
In December 2018, in the case of Sierra Club v. County of Fresno (2018) 6 Cal.5th 502, the California Supreme Court held that an EIR air quality analysis must meaningfully connect the identified air quality impacts to the human health consequences of those impacts, or meaningfully explain why that analysis cannot be provided.

As discussed in briefs filed in the Friant Ranch case, correlating a project’s criteria air pollutant emissions to specific health impacts is challenging. The SCAQM D, which has among the most sophisticated air quality modeling and health impact evaluation capability of any of the air districts in the State, and thus it is uniquely situated to express an opinion on how lead agencies should correlate air quality impact s with specific health outcomes (46) noted that it may be “difficult to quantify health impacts for criteria pollutants.” SCAQMD used O 3 as an example of why it is impracticable to determine specific health outcomes from crit eria pollutants for all but very large, regional -scale projects. First, forming O 3 “takes time and the influence of meteorological conditions for these reactions to occur, so ozone may be formed at a distance downwind from the sources.” (SCAQMD, 2015a, p. 11) Second, “it takes a large amount of additional precursor emissions (NO X and VOCs) to cause a modeled increase in ambient ozone levels over an entire region,” with a 2012 study showing that “reducing NOX by 432 tons per day (157,680 tons/year) and reducing VOC by 187 tons per day (68,255 tons/year) would reduce ozone levels at the SCAQMD’s monitor site with the highest levels by only 9 parts per billion.” (SCAQMD, 2015a, pp. 12-14)
SCAQMD concluded that it “does not currently know of a way to accurately quantify ozone - related health impacts caused by NO X or VOC emissions from relatively small projects.” (SCAQMD, 2015a, pp. 12 -14) The San Joaquin Valley Unified Air Pollution Control District (SJVUAPCD) ties the difficulty of correlating the emission of criteria pollutants to health impacts to how ozone and particulate matter are formed, stating that “[b]ecause of the complexity of Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis
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61 ozone formation, a specific tonnage amount of NOX or VOCs emitted in a particular area does not equate to a particular concentration of ozone in that area.” (SJVUAPCD, 2015, p. 4) Similarly, the tonnage of particulate matter “emitted does not always equate to the local particulate matter concentration because it can be transported long distances by wind,” and “[s]econdary particulate matter , like ozone, is formed via complex chemical reactions in the atmosphere between precursor chemicals such as sulfur dioxides (SOX) and NOX,” meaning that “the tonnage of particulate matter -forming precursor emissions in an area does not necessarily result in an equivalent concentration of secondary particulate matter in that area.” (SJVUAPCD, 2015, p. 5) The disconnect between the amount of precursor pollutants and the concentration of ozone or particulate matter formed makes it difficult to determine potential health impacts, which are related to the concentration of ozone and particulate matter experienced by the receptor rather than levels of NOX, SOX, and VOCs produced by a source.

Most local agencies lack the data to do their own assessment of potential health impacts from criteria air pollutant emissions, as would be required to establish customized, locally specific thresholds of significance based on potential health impacts from an individ ual development project. The use of national or “generic” data to fill the gap of missing local data would not yield accurate results because such data does not capture local air patterns, local background conditions, or local population characteristics, a ll of which play a role in how a population experiences air pollution. Because it is impracticable to accurately isolate the exact cause of a human disease (for example, the role a particular air pollutant plays compared to the role of other allergens and genetics in cause asthma), existing scientific tools cannot accurately estimate health impacts of the Project’s air emissions without undue speculation. Instead, readers are directed to the Project’s air quality impact analysis above, which provides extensive information concerning the quantifiable and non -quantifiable health risks related to the Project’s construction and long-term operation.

The LST analysis above determined that the Project would not result in emissions exceeding SCAQMD’s LSTs. Therefor e, the proposed Project would not be expected to exceed the most stringent applicable federal or state ambient air quality standards for emissions of CO, NOX, PM10, and PM2.5.

As the Project’s emissions will comply with federal, state, and local air qualit y standards , the proposed Project’s emissions are not sufficiently high enough to use a regional modeling program to correlate health effects on a basin -wide level and would not provide a reliable indicator of health effects if modeled.

3.12 ODORS
The potential for the Project to generate objectionable odors has also been considered. Land uses generally associated with odor complaints include:
• Agricultural uses (livestock and farming)
• Wastewater treatment plants
• Food processing plants
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62 • Chemical plants
• Composting operations
• Refineries
• Landfills
• Dairies
• Fiberglass molding facilities
The Project does not contain land uses typically associated with emitting objectionable odors.

Potential odor sources associated with the proposed Project may result from construc tion equipment exhaust and the application of asphalt and architectural coatings during construction activities and the temporary storage of typical solid waste (refuse) associated with the proposed Project’s (long -term operational) uses. Standard constru ction requirements would minimize odor impacts from construction. The construction odor emissions would be temporary, short - term, and intermittent in nature and would cease upon completion of the respective phase of construction and is thus considered less than significant. It is expected that Project -generated refuse would be stored in covered containers and removed at regular intervals in compliance with the solid waste regulations. The proposed Project would also be required to comply with SCAQMD Rule 402 to prevent occurrences of public nuisances. Therefore, odors associated with the proposed Project construction and operations would be less than significant and no mitigation is required (47).

3.13 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
As previously shown in Table 2-3, the CAAQS designate the Project site as nonattainment for O3 PM10, and PM2.5 while the NAAQS designates the Project site as nonattainment for O3 and PM2.5.

The SCAQMD has published a report on how to address cumulative impacts from air pollution:

White Paper on Potential Control Strategies to Address Cumulative Impacts from Air Pollution (48).

In this report the SCAQMD clearly states (Page D-3):
“…the SCAQMD uses the same significance thresholds for project specific and cumulative impacts for all environmental topics analyzed in an Environmental Assessment or EIR. The only case where the significance thresholds for project specific and cumulative impacts differ is the Hazar d Index (HI) significance threshold for TAC emissions. The project specific (project increment) significance threshold is HI > 1.0 while the cumulative (facility -wide) is HI > 3.0. It should be noted that the HI is only one of three TAC emission significan ce thresholds considered (when applicable) in a CEQA analysis. The other two are the maximum individual cancer risk (MICR) and the cancer burden, both of which use the same significance thresholds (MICR of 10 in 1 million and cancer burden of 0.5) for project specific and cumulative impacts.

Projects that exceed the project-specific significance thresholds are considered by the SCAQMD to be cumulatively considerable. This is the reason project-specific and Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis
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63 cumulative significance thresholds are the same. Conversely, projects that do not exceed the project-specific thresholds are generally not considered to be cumulatively significant.”
Therefore, this analysis assumes that individual projects that do not generate operational or construction emissions that exceed the SCAQMD’s recommended daily thresholds for project - specific impacts would also not cause a cumulatively considerable increase in emissions for those pollutants for which SCAB is in nonattainment, and, therefore, would not be considered to have a significant, adverse air quality impact. Alternatively, individual project-related construction and operational emissions that exceed SCAQMD thresholds for project -specific impacts would be considered cumulatively considerable.

CONSTRUCTION IMPACTS
The Project‐specific evaluation of emissions presented in the preceding analysis demonstrates that proposed Project construction-source air pollutant emissions would not result in exceedances of regional thresholds. Therefore, proposed Project construction-source emissions would be considered less than significant on a project-specific and cumulative basis.

OPERATIONAL IMPACTS
The Project‐specific evaluation of emissions presented in the preceding analysis demonstrates that proposed Project operational-source air pollutant emissions would not result in exceedances of regional thresholds. Therefore, proposed Project operational-source emissions would be considered less than significant on a project-specific and cumulative basis.

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65 4 REFERENCES

1. State of California. 2020 CEQA California Environmental Quality Act. 2020.

2. South Coast Air Quality Management District. RULE 403. FUGITIVE DUST. [Online] https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/rule-book/rule-iv/rule-403.pdf?sfvrsn=4.

3. —. RULE 1113. Architectural Coatings. [Online] http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/rule- book/reg-xi/r1113.pdf.

4. City of Long Beach. Development Services. [Online]
https://www.longbeach.gov/lbds/planning/current/zoning/established/.

5. Urban Crossroads, Inc. Cherry Avenue Warehouse Traffic Assessment. 2022.

6. South Coast Air Quality Management District. Southern California Air Basins. [Online] https://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/onroad/porttruck/maps/scabc7map.pdf.

7. —. Guidance Document for Addressing Air Quality Issues in General Plans and Local Planning. 2005.

8. St. Croix Sensory, Inc. The "Gray Line" Between Odor Nuisance and Health Effects. 2000.

9. California Air Resources Board. Ambient Air Quality Standards (AAQS). [Online] 2016. http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/aaqs/aaqs2.pdf.

10. United State Environmental Protection Agency. Frequent Questions about General Conformity .

EPA. [Online] https://www.epa.gov/general-conformity/frequent-questions-about-general- conformity#8.

11. South Coast Air Quality Management District. Annual Air Quality Monitoring Network Plan. [Online] July 2018. http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/clean-air-plans/air-quality-monitoring- network-plan/annual-air-quality-monitoring-network-plan-v2.pdf?sfvrsn=2.

12. Air Resources Board. State and National Ambient Air Quality Standards. [Online] https://www.arb.ca.gov/regact/2019/stateareadesignations/appc.pdf?_ga=2.169398369.15376157

02.1554741141-1192937971.1505156621.

13. District, South Coast Air Quality Management. Air Quality Data Tables. [Online] https://www.aqmd.gov/home/air-quality/air-quality-data-studies/historical-data-by-year.

14. Environmental Protection Agency. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). [Online] 1990. https://www.epa.gov/environmental-topics/air-topics.

15. —. Air Pollution and the Clean Air Act. [Online] http://www.epa.gov/air/caa/.

16. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 1990 Clean Air Act Amendment Summary: Title I. [Online] https://www.epa.gov/clean-air-act-overview/1990-clean-air-act-amendment-summary- title-i.

17. —. 1990 Clean Air Act Amendment Summary: Title II. [Online] https://www.epa.gov/clean-air-act- overview/1990-clean-air-act-amendment-summary-title-ii.

18. Air Resources Board. California Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS). [Online] 2009. [Cited: April 16, 2018.] http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/aaqs/caaqs/caaqs.htm.

19. Southern California Association of Governments. 2016-2040 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy. [Online] April 2016. http://scagrtpscs.net/Documents/2016/final/f2016RTPSCS.pdf.

20. South Coast Air Quality Management District. Air Quality Management Plan. 2012.

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66 21. California Air Resources Board. The California Almanac of Emissions and Air Quality. 2013.

22. South Coast AQMD. South Coast Air Basin Ozone Trend. [Online] https://www.aqmd.gov/home/air- quality/historical-air-quality-data/historic-ozone-air-quality-trends.

23. California Air Resources Board. iADAM: Air Quality Data Statistics. California Air Resources Board. [Online] https://arb.ca.gov/adam/topfour/topfour1.php.

24. Environmental Protection Agency. Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; California; South Coast Serious Area Plan for the 2006 PM2.5. [Online] 2019. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/02/12/2019-01922/approval-and-promulgation- of-implementation-plans-california-south-coast-serious-area-plan-for-the.

25. South Coast Air Quality Management District. Final 2016 Air Quality Management Plan. South Coast Air Quality Management District. [Online] March 2017. http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default- source/clean-air-plans/air-quality-management-plans/2016-air-quality-management-plan/final- 2016-aqmp/final2016aqmp.pdf.

26. South coast Air Quality Management District. CEQA Air Quality Handbook (1993). 1993.

27. California Environmental Protection Agency Air Resources Board. Nitrogen Dioxide- Overview. [Online] http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/aaqs/caaqs/no2-1/no2-1.htm.

28. Ralph Propper, Patrick Wong, Son Bui, Jeff Austin, William Vance, Alvaro Alvarado, Bart Croes, and Dongmin Luo. Ambient and Emission Trends of Toxic Air Contaminants in California. American Chemical Society: Environmental Science & Technology. 2015.

29. Air Resources Board. ARB's Drayage Truck Regulatory Activities. [Online] http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/onroad/porttruck/porttruck.htm.

30. —. Truck and Bus Regulation. On-Road Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles (In-Use) Regulation. [Online] http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/onrdiesel/onrdiesel.htm.

31. The Port of Los Angeles. Clean Truck Program. [Online] http://www.portoflosangeles.org/ctp/idx_ctp.asp.

32. South Coast Air Quality Management District. Transfer Funds, Appropriate Funding, Execute Purchase Orders, Execute Contrat and Authorize Release of RFQs for the Fifth Multiple Air Toxics Exposure Study. South Coast Air Quality Management District. [Online] 2017. http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/Agendas/Governing-Board/2017/2017-jul7- 009.pdf?sfvrsn=7.

33. —. Executive Summary. MATES V Draft Report. [Online] 2021. http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default- source/planning/mates-v/draft-mates-v-executive-summary_v2.pdf?sfvrsn=6.

34. South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). SCAQMD Air Quality Significance Thresholds. [Online] http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/ceqa/handbook/scaqmd-air- quality-significance-thresholds.pdf?sfvrsn=2.

35. California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA). California Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod). [Online] September 2016. www.caleemod.com.

36. Lake Environmental. US EPA Models. Lake Environmental. [Online] http://www.weblakes.com/download/us_epa.html.

37. South Coast Air Quality Management District. Fact Sheet for Applying CalEEMod to Localized Significance Thresholds. [Online] http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default- source/ceqa/handbook/localized-significance-thresholds/caleemod-guidance.pdf.

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67 38. California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA). Appendix A: Calculation Details for CalEEMod. CalEEMod. [Online] October 2017. http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default- source/caleemod/02_appendix-a2016-3-2.pdf?sfvrsn=6.

39. South Coast Air Quality Management District. Localized Significance Thresholds Methodology. s.l. :

South Coast Air Quality Managment District, 2008.

40. California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA). Appendix A: Calculation Details for CalEEMod. CalEEMod. [Online] October 2017. http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default- source/caleemod/02_appendix-a2016-3-2.pdf?sfvrsn=6.

41. South Coast Air Quality Management District. Localized Significance Thresholds Methodology. s.l. :

South Coast Air Quality Managment District, 2003.

42. —. 2003 Air Quality Management Plan. [Online] 2003. https://www.aqmd.gov/home/air- quality/clean-air-plans/air-quality-mgt-plan/2003-aqmp.

43. Bay Area Air Quality Management District. [Online] http://www.baaqmd.gov/.

44. South Coast Air Quality Management District. Final 2016 Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP). [Online] March 2017. http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/clean-air-plans/air-quality- management-plans/2016-air-quality-management-plan/final-2016- aqmp/final2016aqmp.pdf?sfvrsn=11.

45. South coast Air Quality Management District. CEQA Air Quality Handbook (1993). 1993.

46. South Coast Air Quality Management District. Sierra Club, Revive the San Joaquin and League of Women Voters of Fresno, Plaintiffs and Appellants, v. County of Fresno, Defendant and Respondent and, Friant Ranchm L.P. Real Party in Interest and Respondent. [Online] 2015. https://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/9-s219783-ac-south-coast-air-quality-mgt-dist-041315.pdf.

47. —. RULE 402 NUISANCE. [Online] http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/rule-book/rule-iv/rule- 402.pdf.

48. Goss, Tracy A and Kroeger, Amy. White Paper on Potential Control Strategies to Address Cumulative Impacts from Air Pollution. [Online] South Coast Air Quality Management District, 2003. http://www.aqmd.gov/rules/ciwg/final_white_paper.pdf.

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69 5 CERTIFICATIONS
The contents of this air study report represent an accurate depiction of the environment al impacts associated with the proposed Cherry Avenue Warehouse. The information contained in this air quality impact assessment report is based on the best available data at the time of preparation. If you have any questions, please contact me directly at [email protected]

Haseeb Qureshi
Associate Principal
URBAN CROSSROADS, INC.
[email protected]

EDUCATION
Master of Science in Environmental Studies
California State University, Fullerton • May 2010
Bachelor of Arts in Environmental Analysis and Design
University of California, Irvine • June, 2006

PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS
AEP – Association of Environmental Planners
AWMA – Air and Waste Management Association
ASTM – American Society for Testing and Materials

PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATIONS
Planned Communities and Urban Infill – Urban Land Institute • June 2011 Indoor Air Quality and Industrial Hygiene – EMSL Analytical • April 2008 Principles of Ambient Air Monitoring – CARB • August 2007 AB2588 Regulatory Standards – Trinity Consultants • November 2006 Air Dispersion Modeling – Lakes Environmental • June 2006 Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis
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APPENDIX 2.1:

STATE/FEDERAL ATTAINMENT STATUS OF CRITERIA POLLUTANTS

APPENDIX C

MAPS AND TABLES OF AREA DESIGNATIONS FOR

STATE AND NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS

APPENDIX C

MAPS AND TABLES OF AREA DESIGNATIONS FOR

STATE AND NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
This attachment fulfills the requirement of Health and Safety Code section 40718 for CARB to publish maps that identify areas where one or more violations of any State ambient air quality standard (State standard) or national ambient air quality standard (national standard) have been measured. The national standards are those promulgated under section 109 of the federal Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7409).

This attachment is divided into three parts. The first part comprises a table showing the levels, averaging times, and measurement methods for each of the State and national standards. This is followed by a section containing maps and tables showing the area designations for each pollutant for which there is a State standard in the California Code of Regulations, title 17, section 70200. The last section contains maps and tables showing the most current area designations for the national standards.

C-1

Ambient Air Quality Standards
(Updated 5/4/16)
Pollutant Averaging
Time
California Standards 1 National Standards 2
Concentration 3 Method 4 Primary 3,5 Secondary 3,6 Method 7 Ozone (O3)8
1 Hour 0.09 ppm (180 µg/m3)
Ultraviolet Photometry
— Same as Primary
Standard
Ultraviolet
Photometry
8 Hour 0.070 ppm (137 µg/m3) 0.070 ppm (137 µg/m3)
Respirable
Particulate
Matter (PM10)9
24 Hour 50 µg/m3
Gravimetric or Beta
Attenuation
150 µg/m3
Same as Primary
Standard
Inertial Separation
and Gravimetric
Analysis Annual Arithmetic
Mean 20 µg/m3 —
Fine
Particulate
Matter
(PM2.5)9
24 Hour — — 35 µg/m3
Same as Primary
Standard Inertial Separation
and Gravimetric
Analysis Annual Arithmetic
Mean 12 µg/m3
Gravimetric or Beta
Attenuation 12.0 µg/m3 15 µg/m3
Carbon
Monoxide
(CO)
1 Hour 20 ppm (23 mg/m3)
Non-Dis pers ive
Infrared Photometry
(NDIR)
35 ppm (40 mg/m3) —
Non-Dis persive
Infrared Photometry
(NDI R)
8 Hour 9.0 ppm (10 mg/m3) 9 ppm (10 mg/m3) —
8 Hour (Lake
Tahoe) 6 ppm (7 mg/m3) — —
Nitrogen
Dioxide
(NO2 )10
1 Hour 0.18 ppm (339 µg/m3)
Gas Phase
Chemiluminescence
100 ppb (188 μg/m3) —
Gas Phase
Chemiluminescence Annual Arithmetic
Mean 0.030 ppm (57 µg/m3) 0.053 ppm (100 µg/m3) Same as Primary Standard
Sulfur Dioxide
(SO2 )11
1 Hour 0.25 ppm (655 µg/m3)
Ultraviolet
Fluorescence
75 ppb (196 μg/m3) —
Ultraviolet
Flourescence;
Spectrophotometry
(Pararosaniline
Method)
3 Hour — — 0.5 ppm (1300
µg/m3)
24 Hour 0.04 ppm (105 µg/m3) 0.14 ppm
(for certain areas) 11
—
Annual Arithmetic
Mean — 0.030 ppm
(for certain areas) 11 —
Lead12 , 13
30 Day Average 1.5 µg/m3
Atom ic Absorption
— —
High V olume
Sampler and Atomic
Absorption
Calendar Quarter — 1.5 µg/m3
(for certain areas) 12
Same as Primary
Standard Rolling 3-Month
Average — 0.15 µg/m3
Visibility
Reducing
Particles14
8 Hour See footnote 14
Beta Attenuation and
Transmittance
through Filter Tape No
National
Standards
Sulfates 24 Hour 25 µg/m3 Ion Chromatography
Hydrogen
Sulfide
1 Hour 0.03 ppm (42 µg/m3) Ultraviolet
Fluorescence
Vinyl
Chloride12
24 Hour 0.01 ppm (26 µg/m3) Gas
Chromatography
See footnotes on next page …
C-2

1. California standards for ozone, carbon monoxide (except 8-hour Lake Tahoe), sulfur dioxide (1- and 24-hour), nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, and visibility reducing particles), are values that are not to be exceeded. All others are not to be equaled or exceeded. California ambient air quality standards are listed in the Table of Standards in Section 70200 of Title 17 of the California Code of Regulations.

2. National standards (other than ozone, particulate matter, and those based on annual arithmetic mean) are not to be exceeded more than once a year. The ozone standard is attained when the fourth highest 8-hour concentration measured at each site in a year, averaged over three years, is equal to or less than the standard. For PM10, the 24-hour standard is attained when the expected number of days per calendar year with a 24-hour average concentration above 150 μg/m3 is equal to or less than one. For PM2.5, the 24-hour standard is attained when 98 percent of the daily concentrations, averaged over three years, are equal to or less than the standard. Contact the U.S. EPA for further clarification and current national policies.

3. Concentration expressed first in units in which it was promulgated. Equivalent units given in parentheses are based upon a reference temperature of 25°C and a reference pressure of 760 torr. Most measurements of air quality are to be corrected to a reference temperature of 25°C and a reference pressure of 760 torr; ppm in this table refers to ppm by volume, or micromoles of pollutant per mole of gas.

4. Any equivalent measurement method which can be shown to the satisfaction of the CARB to give equivalent results at or near the level of the air quality standard may be used.

5. National Primary Standards: The levels of air quality necessary, with an adequate margin of safety to protect the public health.

6. National Secondary Standards: The levels of air quality necessary to protect the public welfare from any known or anticipated adverse effects of a pollutant.

7. Reference method as described by the U.S. EPA. An “equivalent method” of measurement may be used but must have a “consistent relationship to the reference method” and must be approved by the U.S. EPA.

8. On October 1, 2015, the national 8-hour ozone primary and secondary standards were lowered from 0.075 to

0.070 ppm.

9. On December 14, 2012, the national annual PM2.5 primary standard was lowered from 15 μg/m3 to 12.0 μg/m3. The existing national 24-hour PM2.5 standards (primary and secondary) were retained at 35 μg/m3, as was the annual secondary standard of 15 μg/m3. The existing 24-hour PM10 standard s (primary and secondary) of 150 μg/m3 also were retained. The form of the annual primary and secondar y standards is the annual mean, averaged over 3 years.

10. To attain the 1-hour national standard, the 3-year average of the annual 98th percentile of the 1-hour daily maximum concentrations at each site must not exceed 100 ppb. Note that the national 1-hour standard is in units of parts per billion (ppb). California standards are in units of parts per million (ppm). To directly compare the national 1-hour standard to the California standards the units can be converted from ppb to ppm. In this case, the national standard of 100 ppb is identical to 0.100 ppm.

11. On June 2, 2010, a new 1-hour SO2 standard was established and the existing 24-hour and annual primary standards were revoked. To attain the 1-hour national standard, the 3-year average of the annual 99th percentile of the 1-hour daily maximum concentrations at each site must not exceed 75 ppb. The 1971 SO2 national standards (24-hour and annual) remain in effect until one year after an area is designated for the 2010 standard, except that in areas designated nonattainment for the 1971 standards, the 1971 standards remain in effect until implementation plans to attain or maintain the 2010 standards are approved.

Note that the 1-hour national standard is in units of parts per billion (ppb). California standards are in units of parts per million (ppm). To directly compare the 1-hour national standard to the California standard the units can be converted to ppm. In this case, the national standard of 75 ppb is identical to 0.075 ppm.

12. The CARB has identified lead and vinyl chloride as 'toxic air contaminants' with no threshold level of exposure for adverse health effects determined. These actions allow for the implementation of control measures at levels below the ambient concentrations specified for these pollutants.

13. The national standard for lead was revised on October 15, 2008 to a rolling 3-month average. The 1978 lead standard (1.5 μg/m3)as a quarterly average) remains in effect until one year after an area is designated for the 2008 standard, except that in areas designated nonattainment for the 1978 standard, the 1978 standard remains in effect until implementation plans to attain or maintain the 2008 standard are approved.

14. In 1989, the CARB converted both the general statewide 10-mile visibility standard and the Lake Tahoe 30-mile visibility standard to instrumental equivalents, which are "extinction of 0.23 per kilometer" and "extinction of 0.07 per kilometer" for the statewide and Lake Tahoe Air Basin standards, respectively.

C-3

Area Designations for the State Ambient Air Quality Standards The following maps and tables show the area designations for each pollutant with a State standard set forth in the California Code of Regulations, title 17, section 60200. Each area is ident ified as attainment, nonattainment, nonattainment-transitional, or unclassified for each pollutant, as shown below:

Attainment A
Nonattainment N
Nonattainment-Transitional NA-T
Unclassified U

In general, CARB designates areas by air basin for pollutants with a regional impact and by county for pollutants with a more local impact. However, when there are areas within an air basin or county with distinctly different air quality deriving from sources and conditions not affecting the entire air basin or county, CARB may designate a smaller area. Generally, when boundaries of the designated area differ from the air basin or county boundaries, the description of the specific area is referenced at the bottom of the summary table.

C-4

FIGURE 1
2020
Area Designations for State
Ambient Air Quality Standards
OZONE
C-5

TABLE 1
California Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designations for Ozone 1

N NA-T U A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN
Alpine County X
Inyo County X
Mono County X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOJAVE DESERT AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN
Amador County X
Calaveras County X
El Dorado County (portion) X
Mariposa County X
Nevada County X
Placer County (portion) X
Plumas County X
Sierra County X
Tuolumne County X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

N NA-T U A

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN
Colusa and Glenn Counties X
Shasta County X
Sutter/Yuba Counties
Sutter Buttes X
Remainder of Sutter County X
Yuba County X
Yolo/Solano Counties X
Remainder of Air Basin X

SALTON SEA AIR BASIN X

SAN DIEGO AIR BASIN X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR

BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN
San Luis Obispo County X
Santa Barbara County X
Ventura County X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X
1 AB 3048 (Olberg) and AB 2525 (Miller) signed into law in 1996, made changes to Health and Safety Code, section 40925.5. One of the changes allows nonattainment districts to become nonattainment-transitional for ozone by operation of law.

C-6

FIGURE 2
2020
Area Designations for State
Ambient Air Quality Standards
PM10

C-7

TABLE 2

California Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designation for Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10) N U A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOJAVE DESERT AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN
Amador County X
Calaveras County X
El Dorado County (portion) X
Mariposa County
- Yosemite National Park X
- Remainder of County X
Nevada County X
Placer County (portion) X
Plumas County X
Sierra County X
Tuolumne County X
N U A

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN
Del Norte, Sonoma (portion) and Trinity Counties X
Remainder of Air Basin X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN
Siskiyou County X
Remainder of Air Basin X

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN
Shasta County X
Remainder of Air Basin X

SALTON SEA AIR BASIN X

SAN DIEGO AIR BASIN X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X
C-8

FIGURE 3
2020
Area Designations for State
Ambient Air Quality Standards
PM2.5

C-9

TABLE 3
California Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designations for Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
N U A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOJAVE DESERT AIR BASIN
San Bernardino County
- County portion of federal Southeast
Desert Modified AQMA for Ozone1 X
Remainder of Air Basin X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN
Plumas County
- Portola Valley2 X
Remainder of Air Basin X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN
Butte County X
Colusa County X
Glenn County X
Placer County (portion) X
Sacramento County X
Shasta County X
Sutter and Yuba Counties X
Remainder of Air Basin X
N U A

SALTON SEA AIR BASIN
Imperial County
- City of Calexico
3 X
Remainder of Air Basin X

SAN DIEGO AIR BASIN X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN
San Luis Obispo County X
Santa Barbara County X
Ventura County X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X
1 California Code of Regulations, title 17, section 60200(b) 2 California Code of Regulations, title 17, section 60200(c) 3 California Code of Regulations, title 17, section 60200(a) C-10

FIGURE 4
2020
Area Designations for State
Ambient Air Quality Standards

CARBON MONOXIDE
C-11

TABLE 4
California Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designation for Carbon Monoxide*

N NA-T U A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN
Alpine County X
Inyo County X
Mono County X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOJAVE DESERT AIR BASIN
Kern County (portion) X
Los Angeles County (portion) X
Riverside County (portion) X
San Bernardino County (portion) X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN
Monterey County X
San Benito County X
Santa Cruz County X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN
Del Norte County X
Humboldt County X
Mendocino County X
Sonoma County (portion) X
Trinity County X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X

N NA-T U A

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN
Butte County X
Colusa County X
Glenn County X
Placer County (portion) X
Sacramento County X
Shasta County X
Solano County (portion) X
Sutter County X
Tehama County X
Yolo County X
Yuba County X

SALTON SEA AIR BASIN X

SAN DIEGO AIR BASIN X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN
Fresno County X
Kern County (portion) X
Kings County X
Madera County X
Merced County X
San Joaquin County X
Stanislaus County X
Tulare County X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X
* The area designated for carbon monoxide is a county or portion of a county C-12

FIGURE 5

2020
Area Designations for State
Ambient Air Quality Standards

NITROGEN DIOXIDE
C-13

TABLE 5
California Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designations for Nitrogen Dioxide
N U A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOJAVE DESERT AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X
N U A

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SALTON SEA AIR BASIN X

SAN DIEGO AIR BASIN X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN
CA 60 Near-road Portion of San Bernardino,
Riverside, and Los Angeles Counties X
Remainder of Air Basin X
C-14

FIGURE 6
2020
Area Designations for State
Ambient Air Quality Standards

SULFUR DIOXIDE
C-15

TABLE 6
California Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designation for Sulfur Dioxide*
N A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOJAVE DESERT AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X
N A

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SALTON SEA AIR BASIN X

SAN DIEGO AIR BASIN X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X
* The area designated for sulfur dioxide is a county or portion of a county. Since all areas in the State are in attainment for this standard, air basins are indicated here for simplicity.

C-16

FIGURE 7
2020
Area Designations for State
Ambient Air Quality Standards

SULFATES
C-17

TABLE 7
California Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designation for Sulfates
N U A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOJAVE DESERT AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X
N U A

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SALTON SEA AIR BASIN X

SAN DIEGO AIR BASIN X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X
C-18

FIGURE 8
2020
Area Designations for State
Ambient Air Quality Standards
LEAD
C-19

TABLE 8
California Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designations for Lead (particulate)*
N U A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOJAVE DESERT AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN X
N U A

SALTON SEA AIR BASIN X

SAN DIEGO AIR BASIN X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X
*
The area designated for lead is a county or portion of a county. Since all areas in the State are in attainment for this standard, air basins are indicated here for simplicity.

C-20

FIGURE 9
2020
Area Designations for State
Ambient Air Quality Standards

HYDROGEN SULFIDE
C-21

TABLE 9
California Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designation for Hydrogen Sulfide*

N NA-T U A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN
Alpine County X
Inyo County X
Mono County X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOJAVE DESERT AIR BASIN
Kern County (portion) X
Los Angeles County (portion) X
Riverside County (portion) X
San Bernardino County (portion)
- Searles Valley Planning Area1 X
- Remainder of County X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN
Amador County
- City of Sutter Creek X
- Remainder of County X
Calaveras County X
El Dorado County (portion) X
Mariposa County X
Nevada County X
Placer County (portion) X
Plumas County X
Sierra County X
Tuolumne County X

N NA-T U A

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN
Del Norte County X
Humboldt County X
Mendocino County X
Sonoma County (portion)
- Geyser Geothermal Area
2 X
- Remainder of County X
Trinity County X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SALTON SEA AIR BASIN X

SAN DIEGO AIR BASIN X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN
San Luis Obispo County X
Santa Barbara County X
Ventura County X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X
*
The area designated for hydrogen sulfide is a county or portion of a county 1 52 Federal Register 29384 (August 7, 1987)

2 California Code of Regulations, title 17, section 60200(d)

C-22

FIGURE 10
2020
Area Designations for State
Ambient Air Quality Standards

VISIBILITY REDUCING PARTICLES
C-23

TABLE 10
California Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designation for Visibility Reducing Particles

N NA-T U A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOJAVE DESERT AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X

N NA-T U A

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SALTON SEA AIR BASIN X

SAN DIEGO AIR BASIN X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X
C-24

Area Designations for the National Ambient Air Quality Standards The following maps and tables show the area designations for each pollutant with a national ambient air quality standard. Additional information about the federal area designations is available on the U.S. EPA website:
https://www.epa.gov/green-book
Over the last several years, U.S. EPA has been reviewing the levels of the various national standards. The agency has alre ady promulgated new standard levels for some pollutants and is considering revising the levels for others. Information about the status of these reviews is available on the U.S. EPA website:
https://www.epa.gov/criteria-air-pollutants
Designation Categories
Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10). The U.S. EPA uses thre e categories to designate areas with respect to PM10:
• Attainment (A)
• Nonattainment (N)
• Unclassifiable (U)
Ozone, Fine Suspended Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2). The U.S. EPA uses two categories to designate areas with respect to these standards:
• Nonattainment (N)
• Unclassifiable/Attainment (U/A)
The national 1-hour ozone standard was revoked effective June 15, 2005, and the area designations map reflects the 2015 national 8-hour ozone standard of

0.070 ppm. Area designations were finalized on August 3, 2018.

On December 14, 2012, the U.S. EPA established a new national annual primary PM2.5 standard of 12.0 μg/m3. Area designations were fina lized in December 2014. The current designation map reflects the most recently revised (2012) annual average standard of 12.0 μg/m3 as well as the 24-hour standard of 35 μg/m3, revised in 2006.

On January 22, 2010, the U.S. EPA established a new national 1-hour NO2 standard of 100 parts per billion (ppb) and retained the annual average standard of 53 ppb.

Designations for the primary NO2 standard became effective on February 29, 2012.

All areas of California meet this standard.

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2). The U.S. EPA uses three cat egories to designate areas with respect to the 24-hour and annual average sulfur dioxide standards. These designation categories are:
• Nonattainment (N),
• Unclassifiable (U), and
• Unclassifiable/Attainment (U/A).

On June 2, 2010, the U.S. EPA established a new primary 1-hour SO2 standard of 75 parts per billion (ppb). At the same time , U.S. EPA revoked the 24-hour and annual C-25

average standards. Area designations for the 1-hour SO 2 standard were finalized on December 21, 2017 and are reflected in the area designations map.

Lead (particulate). The U.S. EPA promulgated a new rolling 3-month average lead standard in October 2008 of 0.15 μg/m3. Designations were made for this standard in November 2010.

Designation Areas
From time to time, the boundaries of the California air basins have been changed to facilitate the planning process. CARB genera lly initiates these changes, and they are not always reflected in the U.S. EPA’s area designations. For purposes of consistency, the maps in this attachment reflect area designation boundaries and nomenclature as promulgated by the U.S. EPA. In some cases, these may not be the same as those adopted by CARB. For example, the national area designations reflect the former Southeast Desert Air Basin. In acco rdance with Health and Safety Code section 39606.1, CARB redefined this area in 1996 to be the Mojave Desert Air Basin and Salton Sea Air Basin. The definitio ns and boundaries for all areas designated for the national standards can be found in Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Chapter I, Subchapter C, Part 81.305. T hey are available on the web at:
https://ecfr.io/Title-40/se40.20.81_1305
C-26

FIGURE 11
Area Designations for National
Ambient Air Quality Standards
8-HOUR OZONE
C-27

TABLE 11
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designations for 8-Hour Ozone*
N U/A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN
Amador County X
Calaveras County X
El Dorado County (portion)1 X
Mariposa County X
Nevada County
- Western Nevada County X
- Remainder of County X
Placer County (portion)1 X
Plumas County X
Sierra County X
Tuolumne County X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN
Butte County X
Colusa County X
Glenn County X
Sacramento Metro Area1 X
Shasta County X
Sutter County
- Sutter Buttes X
- Southern portion of Sutter County1 X
- Remainder of Sutter County X
Tehama County
- Tuscan Buttes X
- Remainder of Tehama County X
N U/A
SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN (cont.)
Yolo County1 X
Yuba County X

SAN DIEGO COUNTY X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X
SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN2
San Luis Obispo County
- Eastern San Luis Obispo County X
- Remainder of County X
Santa Barbara County X
Ventura County
- Area excluding Anacapa and San
Nicolas Islands X
- Channel Islands2 X
SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN2 X

SOUTHEAST DESERT AIR BASIN
Kern County (portion) X
- Indian Wells Valley X
Imperial County X
Los Angeles County (portion) X
Riverside County (portion)
- Coachella Valley X
- Non-AQMA portion X
San Bernardino County
- Western portion (AQMA) X
- Eastern portion (non-AQMA) X
* Definitions and references for all areas can be found in 40 CFR, Chapter I, Part 81.305.

NOTE: This map and table reflect the 2015 8-hour ozone standard of 0.070 ppm. 1 For this purpose, the Sacramento Metro Area comprises all of Sacramento and Yolo Counties, the Sacramento Valley Air Basin portion of Solano County, the southern portion of Sutter County, and the Sacramento Valley and Mountain Counties Air Basins portions of Placer and El Dorado counties.

2 South Central Coast Air Basin Channel Islands:

Santa Barbara County includes Santa Cruz, San Miguel, Santa Rosa, and Santa Barbara Islands.

Ventura County includes Anacapa and San Nicolas Islands.

South Coast Air Basin:

Los Angeles County includes San Clemente and Santa Catalina Islands.

C-28

FIGURE 12
Area Designations for National
Ambient Air Quality Standards
PM10

C-29

TABLE 12
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designations for Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10)* N U A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN
Alpine County X
Inyo County
- Owens Valley Planning Area X
- Coso Junction X
- Remainder of County X
Mono County
- Mammoth Lake Planning Area X
- Mono Lake Basin X
- Remainder of County X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN
Placer County (portion)1 X
Remainder of Air Basin X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN
Butte County X
Colusa County X
Glenn County X
Placer County (portion)1 X
Sacramento County2 X
Shasta County X
Solano County (portion) X
Sutter County X
Tehama County X
Yolo County X
Yuba County X
N U A

SAN DIEGO COUNTY X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTHEAST DESERT AIR BASIN
Eastern Kern County
- Indian Wells Valley X
- Portion within San Joaquin Valley
Planning Area X
- Remainder of County X
Imperial County
- Imperial Valley Planning Area3 X
- Remainder of County X
Los Angeles County (portion) X
Riverside County (portion)
- Coachella Valley4 X
- Non-AQMA portion X
San Bernardino County
- Trona X
- Remainder of County X
* Definitions and references for all areas can be found in 40 CFR, Chapter I, Part 81.305. 1 U.S. EPA designation puts the Sacramento Valley Air Basin portion of Placer County in the Mountain Counties Air Basin. 2 Air quality in Sacramento County meets the national PM10 standards. The request for redesignation to attainment was approved

by U.S. EPA in September 2013.

3 The request for redesignation to attainment for the Imperial Valley Planning Area was approved by U.S. EPA and in September 2020, effective October 2020.

4 Air quality in Coachella Valley meets the national PM10 standards. A request for redesignation to attainment has been submitted to U.S. EPA.

C-30

FIGURE 13
Area Designations for National
Ambient Air Quality Standards
PM2.5

C-31

TABLE 13
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designations for Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
N U/A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN
Plumas County
- Portola Valley Portion of Plumas X
- Remainder of Plumas County X
Remainder of Air Basin X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN
Sacramento Metro Area
1 X
Sutter County X
Yuba County (portion) X
Remainder of Air Basin X
N U/A

SAN DIEGO COUNTY X
SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN2 X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X
SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN3 X

SOUTHEAST DESERT AIR BASIN
Imperial County (portion)
4 X
Remainder of Air Basin X
* Definitions and references for all areas can be found in 40 CFR, Chapter I, Part 81.305. This map reflects the 2006 24-hour PM2.5 standard as well as the 1997 and 2012 PM2.5 annual standards.

1 For this purpose, Sacramento Metro Area comprises all of Sacramento and portions of El Dorado, Placer, Solano, and Yolo Counties. Air quality in this area meets the national PM 2.5 standards. A Determination of Attainment for the 2006 24-hour PM2.5

standard was made by U.S. EPA in June 2017.

2 Air quality in this area meets the national PM2.5 standards. A Determination of Attainment for the 2006 24-hour PM 2.5 standard

was made by U.S. EPA in June 2017.

3 Those lands of the Santa Rosa Band of Cahulla Mission Indians in Riverside County are designated Unclassifiable/Attainment.

4 That portion of Imperial County encompassing the urban and surrounding areas of Brawley, Calexico, El Centro, Heber, Holtville, Imperial, Seeley, and Westmorland. Air quality in this area meets the national PM2.5 standards. A Determination of Attainment for the 2006 24-hour PM2.5 standard was made by U.S. EPA in June 2017.

C-32

FIGURE 14
Area Designations for National
Ambient Air Quality Standards

CARBON MONOXIDE
C-33

TABLE 14
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designations for Carbon Monoxide*
N U/A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X
N U/A

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SAN DIEGO COUNTY X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTHEAST DESERT AIR BASIN X
* Definitions and references for all areas can be found in 40 CFR, Chapter I, Part 81.305.

C-34

FIGURE 15
Area Designations for National
Ambient Air Quality Standards

NITROGEN DIOXIDE
C-35

TABLE 15
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designations for Nitrogen Dioxide*
N U/A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X
N U/A

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SAN DIEGO COUNTY X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTHEAST DESERT AIR BASIN X
* Definitions and references for all areas can be found in 40 CFR, Chapter I, Part 81.305.

C-36

FIGURE 16
C-37
Area Designations for National
Ambient Air Quality Standards

SULFUR DIOXIDE

TABLE 16
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designations for Sulfur Dioxide*
N U/A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SAN DIEGO COUNTY X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN
Fresno County X
Kern County (portion) X
Kings County X
Madera County X
Merced County X
San Joaquin County X
Stanislaus County X
Tulare County X
N U/A

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN
San Luis Obispo County X
Santa Barbara County X
Ventura County X
Channel Islands1 X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTHEAST DESERT AIR BASIN
Imperial County X
Remainder of Air Basin X
* Definitions and references for all areas can be found in 40 CFR, Chapter I, Part 81.305.

NOTE: This map and table reflect the 2010 1-hour SO 2 standard of 75 ppb. 1 South Central Coast Air Basin Channel Islands:

Santa Barbara County includes Santa Cruz, San Miguel, Santa Rosa, and Santa Barbara Islands.

Ventura County includes Anacapa and San Nicolas Islands.

Note that the San Clemente and Santa Catalina Islands are considered part of Los Angeles County, and therefore, are included as

part of the South Coast Air Basin.

C-38

FIGURE 17
Area Designations for National
Ambient Air Quality Standards
LEAD
C-39

TABLE 17
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area Designations for Lead (particulate)
N U/A

GREAT BASIN VALLEYS AIR BASIN X

LAKE COUNTY AIR BASIN X

LAKE TAHOE AIR BASIN X

MOUNTAIN COUNTIES AIR BASIN X

NORTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTH COAST AIR BASIN X

NORTHEAST PLATEAU AIR BASIN X

SACRAMENTO VALLEY AIR BASIN X
N U/A

SAN DIEGO COUNTY X

SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN X

SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR BASIN X

SOUTH CENTRAL COAST AIR BASIN X

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN
Los Angeles County (portion)1 X
Remainder of Air Basin X

SOUTHEAST DESERT AIR BASIN X
1 Portion of County in Air Basin, not including Channel Islands C-40

Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis
14715-02 AQ Report

This page intentionally left blank
Cherry Avenue Warehouse Air Quality Impact Analysis
14715-02 AQ Report

APPENDIX 3.1:

CALEEMOD CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS MODEL OUTPUTS

Cherry Avenue Warehouse (Construction - Unmitigated)
Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer
Project Characteristics -
Land Use - Total Project area is 14.16 acres
Construction Phase - Construction anticipated to begin in January 2023 and end January 2024 Off-road Equipment - Hours are based on an 8-hour workday Off-road Equipment - Hours are based on an 8-hour workday Off-road Equipment - Project will require crushing activities Off-road Equipment - Crawler Tractors used in lieu of Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes Off-road Equipment -
Off-road Equipment - Crawler Tractors used in lieu of Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes

1.1 Land Usage
Land Uses
Size
Metric
Lot Acreage
Floor Surface Area
Population
Refrigerated Warehouse-No Rail

45.60 1000sqft

1.05 45,596.00
0 Unrefrigerated Warehouse-No Rail
258.38
1000sqft

5.93 258,376.00
0 Other Asphalt Surfaces
261.15
1000sqft

6.00 261,149.00
0 Parking Lot
338.00
Space

1.18 51,714.00
0 1.2 Other Project Characteristics
Urbanization
Climate Zone
Urban
9 Wind Speed (m/s)
Precipitation Freq (Days)

2.2 33

1.3 User Entered Comments & Non-Default Data

1.0 Project Characteristics
Utility Company
Southern California Edison
2024
Operational Year
CO2 Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
390.98

0.033
CH4 Intensity
(lb/MWhr)

0.004
N2O Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 1 of 35 ends

Cherry Avenue Warehouse (Construction - Unmitigated) - Los Angeles-South Coast County, Summer EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Not Applied

Trips and VMT - Vendor Trips adjusted based on CalEEMod defaults for Building Construction and number of days for Demolition/Crushing, Site Preparation, Grading, and Building Construction
Demolition -
Grading -
Architectural Coating - Rule 1113
Vehicle Trips - Construction run only
Energy Use - Construction run only
Water And Wastewater - Construction run only
Solid Waste - Construction run only
Construction Off-road Equipment Mitigation - Rule 403
Table Name
Column Name
Default Value
New Value
tblArchitecturalCoating
EF_Nonresidential_Exterior
100.00

50.00 tblArchitecturalCoating
EF_Nonresidential_Interior
100.00

50.00 tblConstructionPhase
NumDays

20.00 25.00
tblConstructionPhase
NumDays

30.00 35.00
tblConstructionPhase
NumDays
300.00
191.00
tblConstructionPhase
NumDays

20.00 40.00
tblEnergyUse
LightingElect

0.35 0.00
tblEnergyUse
LightingElect

2.73 0.00
tblEnergyUse
LightingElect

1.91 0.00
tblEnergyUse
NT24E

13.61 0.00
tblEnergyUse
NT24E

1.34 0.00
tblEnergyUse
NT24NG

0.09 0.00
tblEnergyUse
NT24NG

0.03 0.00
tblEnergyUse
T24E

0.37 0.00
tblEnergyUse
T24E

0.58 0.00
tblEnergyUse
T24NG

0.93 0.00
tblEnergyUse
T24NG

0.83 0.00
tblLandUse
LandUseSquareFeet
135,200.00
51,714.00
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 2 of 35 ends

tblLandUse
LotAcreage

3.04 1.18
tblOffRoadEquipment
OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount

4.00 0.00
tblOffRoadEquipment
OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount

2.00 0.00
tblOffRoadEquipment
OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount

1.00 2.00
tblOffRoadEquipment
OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount

3.00 5.00
tblOffRoadEquipment
OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount

1.00 2.00
tblOffRoadEquipment
OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount

3.00 5.00
tblOffRoadEquipment
OffRoadEquipmentUnitAmount

1.00 2.00
tblOffRoadEquipment
UsageHours

6.00 8.00
tblOffRoadEquipment
UsageHours

7.00 8.00
tblOffRoadEquipment
UsageHours

8.00 4.00
tblOffRoadEquipment
UsageHours

7.00 8.00
tblSolidWaste
SolidWasteGenerationRate

42.86 0.00
tblSolidWaste
SolidWasteGenerationRate
242.88

0.00 tblTripsAndVMT
HaulingTripNumber
1,730.00

0.00 tblTripsAndVMT
VendorTripNumber

0.00 10.00
tblTripsAndVMT
VendorTripNumber

0.00 4.00
tblTripsAndVMT
VendorTripNumber

0.00 14.00
tblTripsAndVMT
VendorTripNumber
101.00

74.00 tblVehicleTrips
CC_TL

8.40 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
CC_TL

8.40 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
CNW_TL

6.90 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
CNW_TL

6.90 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
CNW_TTP

41.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
CNW_TTP

41.00 0.00
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 3 of 35 ends

2.0 Emissions Summary
tblVehicleTrips
CW_TL

16.60 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
CW_TL

16.60 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
CW_TTP

59.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
CW_TTP

59.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
DV_TP

5.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
DV_TP

5.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
PB_TP

3.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
PB_TP

3.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
PR_TP

92.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
PR_TP

92.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
ST_TR

2.12 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
ST_TR

1.74 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
SU_TR

2.12 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
SU_TR

1.74 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
WD_TR

2.12 0.00
tblVehicleTrips
WD_TR

1.74 0.00
tblWater
IndoorWaterUseRate
10,545,000.00

0.00 tblWater
IndoorWaterUseRate
59,750,375.00

0.00 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 4 of 35 ends

2.1 Overall Construction (Maximum Daily Emission)
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Year
lb/day
lb/day
2023

43.8483

43.8767

61.1250

0.1258

22.0048

2.0019

23.7645

10.3922

1.8792

12.0112

0.0000
12,351.88
39 12,351.88
39 2.0569

0.2883
12,489.22
62 2024

43.5182

41.1630

60.1432

0.1247

4.1179

1.7805

5.8984

1.1029

1.6704

2.7733

0.0000
12,238.11
06 12,238.11
06 2.0409

0.2801
12,372.59
61 Maximum

43.8483

43.8767

61.1250

0.1258

22.0048

2.0019

23.7645

10.3922

1.8792

12.0112

0.0000
12,351.88
39 12,351.88
39 2.0569

0.2883
12,489.22
62 Unmitigated Construction
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Year
lb/day
lb/day
2023

43.8483

43.8767

61.1250

0.1258

8.7202

2.0019

10.4799

4.0900

1.8792

5.7090

0.0000
12,351.88
39 12,351.88
39 2.0569

0.2883
12,489.22
62 2024

43.5182

41.1630

60.1432

0.1247

4.1179

1.7805

5.8984

1.1029

1.6704

2.7733

0.0000
12,238.11
06 12,238.11
06 2.0409

0.2801
12,372.59
61 Maximum

43.8483

43.8767

61.1250

0.1258

8.7202

2.0019

10.4799

4.0900

1.8792

5.7090

0.0000
12,351.88
39 12,351.88
39 2.0569

0.2883
12,489.22
62 Mitigated Construction
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 5 of 35 ends

ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio-CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N20
CO2e
Percent
Reduction

0.00 0.00

50.85 0.00

44.79 54.83

0.00 42.63

0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 6 of 35 ends

2.2 Overall Operational
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Area

6.9338

8.4000e-
004

0.0921

1.0000e-
005

3.3000e-
004

0.1977

5.2000e-
004

0.2106
Energy

0.0000

0.0000
Mobile

0.0000

0.0000
Total

6.9338

8.4000e-
004

0.0921

1.0000e-
005

0.0000

3.3000e-
004

0.0000

3.3000e-
004

0.1977

5.2000e-
004

0.0000

0.2106
Unmitigated Operational
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Area

6.9338

8.4000e-
004

0.0921

1.0000e-
005

3.3000e-
004

0.1977

5.2000e-
004

0.2106
Energy

0.0000

0.0000
Mobile

0.0000

0.0000
Total

6.9338

8.4000e-
004

0.0921

1.0000e-
005

0.0000

3.3000e-
004

0.0000

3.3000e-
004

0.1977

5.2000e-
004

0.0000

0.2106
Mitigated Operational
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 7 of 35 ends

3.0 Construction Detail
Construction Phase
Phase
Number
Phase Name
Phase Type
Start Date
End Date
Num Days
Week
Num Days
Phase Description
1 Demolition/Crushing
Demolition
1/15/2023
2/17/2023
5 25
2 Site Preparation
Site Preparation
2/18/2023
3/3/2023
5 10
3 Grading
Grading
3/4/2023
4/21/2023
5 35
4 Building Construction
Building Construction
4/22/2023
1/15/2024
5 191
5 Paving
Paving
12/19/2023
1/15/2024
5 20
6 Architectural Coating
Architectural Coating
11/21/2023
1/15/2024
5 40
OffRoad Equipment
Phase Name
Offroad Equipment Type
Amount
Usage Hours
Horse Power
Load Factor
Demolition/Crushing
Concrete/Industrial Saws
1 8.00
81 0.73
Demolition/Crushing
Crushing/Proc. Equipment
1 8.00
85 0.78
Demolition/Crushing
Excavators
3 8.00
158

0.38 Demolition/Crushing
Rubber Tired Dozers
2 8.00
247

0.40 Site Preparation
Crawler Tractors
4 8.00
212

0.43 ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio-CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N20
CO2e
Percent
Reduction

0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00
Residential Indoor: 0; Residential Outdoor: 0; Non-Residential Indoor: 455,958; Non-Residential Outdoor: 151,986; Striped Parking Area:
18,772 (Architectural Coating
–
sqft)
Acres of Grading (Site Preparation Phase): 35
Acres of Grading (Grading Phase): 105
Acres of Paving: 7.18
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 8 of 35 ends

3.1 Mitigation Measures Construction
Site Preparation
Rubber Tired Dozers
3 8.00
247

0.40 Site Preparation
Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes
0 8.00
97 0.37
Grading
Crawler Tractors
2 8.00
212

0.43 Grading
Excavators
2 8.00
158

0.38 Grading
Graders
1 8.00
187

0.41 Grading
Rubber Tired Dozers
1 8.00
247

0.40 Grading
Scrapers
2 4.00
367

0.48 Grading
Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes
0 8.00
97 0.37
Building Construction
Cranes
2 8.00
231

0.29 Building Construction
Forklifts
5 8.00
89 0.20
Building Construction
Generator Sets
2 8.00
84 0.74
Building Construction
Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes
5 8.00
97 0.37
Building Construction
Welders
2 8.00
46 0.45
Paving
Pavers
2 8.00
130

0.42 Paving
Paving Equipment
2 8.00
132

0.36 Paving
Rollers
2 8.00
80 0.38
Architectural Coating
Air Compressors
1 8.00
78 0.48
Trips and VMT
Phase Name
Offroad Equipment
Count
Worker Trip
Number
Vendor Trip
Number
Hauling Trip
Number
Worker Trip
Length
Vendor Trip
Length
Hauling Trip
Length
Worker Vehicle
Class
Vendor
Vehicle Class
Hauling
Vehicle Class
Demolition/Crushing
7 18.00

10.00 0.00

14.70 6.90

20.00 LD_Mix
HDT_Mix
HHDT
Site Preparation
7 18.00

4.00 0.00

14.70 6.90

20.00 LD_Mix
HDT_Mix
HHDT
Grading
8 20.00

14.00 0.00

14.70 6.90

20.00 LD_Mix
HDT_Mix
HHDT
Building Construction
16 259.00

74.00 0.00

14.70 6.90

20.00 LD_Mix
HDT_Mix
HHDT
Paving
6 15.00

0.00 0.00

14.70 6.90

20.00 LD_Mix
HDT_Mix
HHDT
Architectural Coating
1 52.00

0.00 0.00

14.70 6.90

20.00 LD_Mix
HDT_Mix
HHDT
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 9 of 35 ends

3.2 Demolition/Crushing - 2023
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Fugitive Dust

14.9793

0.0000

14.9793

2.2680

0.0000

2.2680

0.0000

0.0000
Off-Road

2.7193

24.4686

23.9699

0.0459

1.1519

1.0823

1.0823
4,411.514
1 4,411.514
1 1.0891
4,438.742
3 Total

2.7193

24.4686

23.9699

0.0459

14.9793

1.1519

16.1312

2.2680

1.0823

3.3503
4,411.514
1 4,411.514
1 1.0891
4,438.742
3 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
Water Exposed Area
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 10 of 35 ends

3.2 Demolition/Crushing - 2023
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Hauling

0.0000

0.0000
Vendor

0.0115

0.3838

0.1487

1.8600e-
003

0.0641

1.9300e-
003

0.0660

0.0184

1.8500e-
003

0.0203
200.2825
200.2825

6.7100e-
003

0.0288
209.0311
Worker

0.0576

0.0402

0.6505

1.7800e-
003

0.2012

1.2100e-
003

0.2024

0.0534

1.1100e-
003

0.0545
180.0136
180.0136

4.5400e-
003

4.1500e-
003
181.3650
Total

0.0691

0.4240

0.7992

3.6400e-
003

0.2653

3.1400e-
003

0.2684

0.0718

2.9600e-
003

0.0748
380.2960
380.2960

0.0113

0.0329
390.3961
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Fugitive Dust

5.8419

0.0000

5.8419

0.8845

0.0000

0.8845

0.0000

0.0000
Off-Road

2.7193

24.4686

23.9699

0.0459

1.1519

1.0823

0.0000
4,411.514
1 4,411.514
1 1.0891
4,438.742
3 Total

2.7193

24.4686

23.9699

0.0459

5.8419

1.1519

6.9938

0.8845

1.0823

1.9669

0.0000
4,411.514
1 4,411.514
1 1.0891
4,438.742
3 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 11 of 35 ends

3.2 Demolition/Crushing - 2023
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Hauling

0.0000

0.0000
Vendor

0.0115

0.3838

0.1487

1.8600e-
003

0.0641

1.9300e-
003

0.0660

0.0184

1.8500e-
003

0.0203
200.2825
200.2825

6.7100e-
003

0.0288
209.0311
Worker

0.0576

0.0402

0.6505

1.7800e-
003

0.2012

1.2100e-
003

0.2024

0.0534

1.1100e-
003

0.0545
180.0136
180.0136

4.5400e-
003

4.1500e-
003
181.3650
Total

0.0691

0.4240

0.7992

3.6400e-
003

0.2653

3.1400e-
003

0.2684

0.0718

2.9600e-
003

0.0748
380.2960
380.2960

0.0113

0.0329
390.3961
Mitigated Construction Off-Site

3.3 Site Preparation - 2023
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Fugitive Dust

21.7780

0.0000

21.7780

10.3315

0.0000

10.3315

0.0000

0.0000
Off-Road

3.8307

41.8798

18.2937

0.0569

1.7577

1.6171

1.6171
5,514.089
1 5,514.089
1 1.7834
5,558.673
3 Total

3.8307

41.8798

18.2937

0.0569

21.7780

1.7577

23.5357

10.3315

1.6171

11.9486
5,514.089
1 5,514.089
1 1.7834
5,558.673
3 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 12 of 35 ends

3.3 Site Preparation - 2023
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Hauling

0.0000

0.0000
Vendor

4.6100e-
003

0.1535

0.0595

7.4000e-
004

0.0256

7.7000e-
004

0.0264

7.3800e-
003

7.4000e-
004

8.1200e-
003

80.1130

2.6800e-
003

0.0115

83.6124
Worker

0.0576

0.0402

0.6505

1.7800e-
003

0.2012

1.2100e-
003

0.2024

0.0534

1.1100e-
003

0.0545
180.0136
180.0136

4.5400e-
003

4.1500e-
003
181.3650
Total

0.0622

0.1937

0.7100

2.5200e-
003

0.2268

1.9800e-
003

0.2288

0.0607

1.8500e-
003

0.0626
260.1266
260.1266

7.2200e-
003

0.0157
264.9775
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Fugitive Dust

8.4934

0.0000

8.4934

4.0293

0.0000

4.0293

0.0000

0.0000
Off-Road

3.8307

41.8798

18.2937

0.0569

1.7577

1.6171

0.0000
5,514.089
1 5,514.089
1 1.7834
5,558.673
3 Total

3.8307

41.8798

18.2937

0.0569

8.4934

1.7577

10.2511

4.0293

1.6171

5.6464

0.0000
5,514.089
1 5,514.089
1 1.7834
5,558.673
3 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 13 of 35 ends

3.3 Site Preparation - 2023
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Hauling

0.0000

0.0000
Vendor

4.6100e-
003

0.1535

0.0595

7.4000e-
004

0.0256

7.7000e-
004

0.0264

7.3800e-
003

7.4000e-
004

8.1200e-
003

80.1130

2.6800e-
003

0.0115

83.6124
Worker

0.0576

0.0402

0.6505

1.7800e-
003

0.2012

1.2100e-
003

0.2024

0.0534

1.1100e-
003

0.0545
180.0136
180.0136

4.5400e-
003

4.1500e-
003
181.3650
Total

0.0622

0.1937

0.7100

2.5200e-
003

0.2268

1.9800e-
003

0.2288

0.0607

1.8500e-
003

0.0626
260.1266
260.1266

7.2200e-
003

0.0157
264.9775
Mitigated Construction Off-Site

3.4 Grading - 2023
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Fugitive Dust

9.2036

0.0000

9.2036

3.6538

0.0000

3.6538

0.0000

0.0000
Off-Road

3.1206

33.4100

21.9388

0.0563

1.3456

1.2379

1.2379
5,454.739
4 5,454.739
4 1.7642
5,498.843
7 Total

3.1206

33.4100

21.9388

0.0563

9.2036

1.3456

10.5491

3.6538

1.2379

4.8917
5,454.739
4 5,454.739
4 1.7642
5,498.843
7 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 14 of 35 ends

3.4 Grading - 2023
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Hauling

0.0000

0.0000
Vendor

0.0161

0.5374

0.2082

2.6100e-
003

0.0897

2.7000e-
003

0.0924

0.0258

2.5800e-
003

0.0284
280.3955
280.3955

9.4000e-
003

0.0403
292.6436
Worker

0.0640

0.0446

0.7228

1.9800e-
003

0.2236

1.3400e-
003

0.2249

0.0593

1.2400e-
003

0.0605
200.0151
200.0151

5.0400e-
003

4.6200e-
003
201.5167
Total

0.0801

0.5820

0.9310

4.5900e-
003

0.3132

4.0400e-
003

0.3173

0.0851

3.8200e-
003

0.0889
480.4105
480.4105

0.0144

0.0449
494.1602
Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Fugitive Dust

3.5894

0.0000

3.5894

1.4250

0.0000

1.4250

0.0000

0.0000
Off-Road

3.1206

33.4100

21.9388

0.0563

1.3456

1.2379

0.0000
5,454.739
4 5,454.739
4 1.7642
5,498.843
7 Total

3.1206

33.4100

21.9388

0.0563

3.5894

1.3456

4.9350

1.4250

1.2379

2.6629

0.0000
5,454.739
4 5,454.739
4 1.7642
5,498.843
7 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 15 of 35 ends

3.4 Grading - 2023
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Hauling

0.0000

0.0000
Vendor

0.0161

0.5374

0.2082

2.6100e-
003

0.0897

2.7000e-
003

0.0924

0.0258

2.5800e-
003

0.0284
280.3955
280.3955

9.4000e-
003

0.0403
292.6436
Worker

0.0640

0.0446

0.7228

1.9800e-
003

0.2236

1.3400e-
003

0.2249

0.0593

1.2400e-
003

0.0605
200.0151
200.0151

5.0400e-
003

4.6200e-
003
201.5167
Total

0.0801

0.5820

0.9310

4.5900e-
003

0.3132

4.0400e-
003

0.3173

0.0851

3.8200e-
003

0.0889
480.4105
480.4105

0.0144

0.0449
494.1602
Mitigated Construction Off-Site

3.5 Building Construction - 2023
ROG
NOx
CO
SO2
Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2
NBio- CO2
Total CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2e
Category
lb/day
lb/day
Off-Road

3.0930

28.3801

31.2440

0.0530

1.3610

1.2815

1.2815
5,026.699
7 5,026.699
7 1.1886
5,056.415
1 Total

3.0930

28.3801

31.2440

0.0530

1.3610

1.2815

1.2815
5,026.699
7 5,026.699
7 1.1886
5,056.415
1 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0
Date: 4/28/2022 3:13 PM

Page 16 of 35 ends

Long Beach City CouncilMarch 21, 2023

Long Beach City Council
March 21, 2023