Los Banos City Council
July 6, 2022

AN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

BRAVEL SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
OWENS
CREEK

OWENS CREEK
OWENS
CREEK

OWENS CREEK
OWENS
CREEK

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

EAST SIDE BYPASS

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

EAST SIDE BYPASS
EAST
SIDE
BYPASS

JOAQUIN
SAN
RIVER
LAKE
HONDA
ASH
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER

ASH SLOUGH
LAKE
RAMONA
ASH
SLOUGH

OLSON POND

EL NIDO

RESERVOIR
FLAT
POND
ASH
SLOUGH

MUD SLOUGH
MUD
SLOUGH

LITTLE PANOCHE CREEK
LOWER

RUTH LAKE
UPPER
RUTH
LAKE

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL
WELL
POND
PEAR
SLOUGH
SLOUGH
MUD

DEEP SLOUGH
CREEK
BEAR
LONE
WILLOW
SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND
LAS
GARZAS
CREEK

LAS GARZAS
CREEK

LOS BANOS
CREEK

LOS BANOS CREEK
FRESNO
RIVER
BEAR
CREEK
QUINTO
CREEK
LOS
BANOS
CREEK
MUD
SLOUGH
FRESNO
RIVER

MUD SLOUGH
LITTLE

BUTTONWILLOW
LAKE

BUTTONWILLOW SLOUGH

FRESNO RIVER

BIG WATER
LAKE

DEEP SLOUGH

FRESNO RIVER

DUCK POND

SAN LUIS

RESERVOIR

BEAR CREEK
BEAR
CREEK
LONE
WILLOW
SLOUGH

BEAR CREEK

BERENDA
SLOUGH

CHOWCHILLA RIVER

CHOWCHILLA
RIVER

FRESNO RIVER

EAST SIDE
BYPASS
CREEK

COTTONWOOD
CREEK

CHOWCHILLA
RIVER
MERCED
RIVER
MERCED
RIVER

MERCED RIVER

MERCED RIVER

MERCED RIVER
LITTLE

PANOCHE

RESERVOIR
MUD
SLOUGH

BERENDA
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND

BERENDA
SLOUGH
ASH
SLOUGH

BERENDA
SLOUGH
LOS

BERENDA
SLOUGH

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER
BEAR
CREEK

NORTH FORK LOS

BANOS CREEK
DRY
CREEK

DRY CREEK

PANOCHE
CREEK

PANOCHE CREEK PANOCHE
CREEK
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER
SOUTH
FORK

LOS BANOS CREEK

LONE WILLOW
SLOUGH
LITTLE

PANOCHE
CREEK
LITTLE

PANOCHE
CREEK
LOS
BANOS

RESERVOIR

ORESTIMBA
O`NEILL

FOREBAY

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT
CREEK
BANOS
CREEK

ORESTIMBA
CREEK
R.8E
R.9E
R.7 E
R.8 E
R.8E
R.9 E
R.9 E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.7E
R.8E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.7E
R.8E
R.8E
R.9 E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.7E
R.8E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15E
R.15E
R.16E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15E
R.15 E
R.16 E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15E
R.15E
R.16E
T.5S
T.6S
T.5S
T.6S
T.5S
T.6S
T.6 S
T.7S T.6S
T.7S
T.6S
T.7S
T.6S
T.7S
T.6S
T.7S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.8S
T.9S
T.8 S
T.9S
T.8S
T.9S
T.8S
T.9S T.8S
T.9S
T.8S
T.9S
T.8S
T.9S
T.9S
T.10S T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10 S
T.9S
T.10S
T.10S
T.11S T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.13S
T.14S
T.13S
T.14S T.13S
T.14S
T.13S
T.14S
T.13S
T.14S
T.14S
T.15S
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
&3
")
")
0 1 2 4 6 8
Miles
.

DELTA-MENDOTA

SUBBASIN
FIGURE 41 - SUBSIDENCE MONITORING POINTS
EXPLANATION:
&3 Continuous Subsidence Monitoring
SJRRP Points
SJREC GSP Group
Delta-Mendota Subbasin
Delta-Mendota Canal Points
") Lower Aquifer Wells
103 42
1089
-4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.00.0
IN FEET -4.0
TOTAL SUBSIDENCE -3.0 -2.0 -1.00.0 12/1960 TO 1/1996 IS BASED ON WATER LEVEL MEASURED FROM BENCHMARK BASED ON 1960 M&L ENGINEERING ELEVATION DATA TO THE WATER SURFACE OF THE CANAL A GREEN LINE CONNECTS MILEPOSTS ON EACH SIDE OF A MILEPOST THAT HAD NO DATA -5.0 -6.0 -6.0 -5.0 BEDROCK ENGINEERING LAND SURFACE SURVEY 2017 FIGURE 43 - BENCHMARK ELEVATIONS ALONG OUTSIDE CANAL (1960-2017) 104
1090
105
There have been adequate water-level declines to cause subsidence in the Crows Landing-Newman area. The partial submergence of Anderson Road Bridge over the Main Canal indicates that there has been at least a foot of subsidence just south of Orestimba Creek.

A number of recorders were installed in the San Joaquin Valley several decades ago, to allow the rates and amounts of compaction of strata at different depth intervals to be evaluated. One of these recorders (Russell Avenue or Ora Loma ) is in the area (T12S/ R12E-16H or SG1A ID' s 10255, 10256 , and 10257) . Annual rates of compaction of the deposits between the ground surface and 1 , 000 feet near Russell Avenue and the DMC are shown on Figure 44. Since 1975 , compaction and subsidence rates were relatively low , except during drought periods (1976-77 , 1990-93 , and 2012-15 ) . Compaction rates declined after deliveries from the San Luis Canal/ California Aqueduct began in 1968 and pumpage from outside the SJREC GSP Group was subsequently reduced. Near Russell Avenue , 93 percent of the measured compaction during 1958-82 was in strata below the top of the Corcoran Clay. Water-level hydrographs are shown for well 16H5 (perforated from 670 and 712 feet) and 16H6 (perforated from 770 and 909 feet) . Figure 44 indicates that water levels do not need to be drawn down below historic lows , for compaction to resume. Data for 1987-92 are incarg;:>lete , because by this time , much of the subsidence and compaction monitoring had been discontinued. The carg;:>action in the depth interval above the Corcoran Clay has not been monitored at this recorder since 1982. 1091
-0.500
-0.400
-0.300
-0.200
-0.100

0.000

0.100
1958196019621964196619681970197219741976197819801982198419861988199019921994199619982000200220042006200820102012201420162018

COMPACTION (FEET)
YEAR
WELL 12/12-16H2
MEASURED COMPACTION, 0'-1000' INTERVAL
Note: Due to missing data an average
rate was applied for; 1983-1985,
1991-1993 and 2000-2009
90 110
130
150
170
190
210
1958196019621964196619681970197219741976197819801982198419861988199019921994199619982000200220042006200820102012201420162018

DEPTH TO WATER (FEET)
YEAR
WELL 12/12-16H5 & 16H6

DEPTH TO WATER SURFACE MEASUREMENTS
16H5 16H6
106
1092
107
Figure 45 shows land subsidence along the Delta Mendota Canal between the head of the canal and Check 21 (Mile Post 116. 48) . The greatest subsidence (about 0.5 to 0.6 feet) was near Check 6, between Checks 7 and 11, near Check 14, and between Checks 17 and 19.

Highway 152 Transect
Periodic surveys of land surface elevations have been done along Highway 152. Figure 46 shows land surface subsidence along this section between 1972 and 2017. The maximum subsidence (about 9.1 feet) occurred near the Eastside Bypass. In the area west of Turner Island Road, most of the subsidence apparently occurred after 1988. In contrast, along the east part of the transect, significant subsidence occurred before 1988. This is because irrigation wells tapping the lower aquifer were generally installed earlier in this area.

Sack Dam-Red Top Area
The Sack Dam-Red Top Area was near the north edge of historical land subsidence studies in the San Joaquin Valley by the U.S. Geological Survey. More recent subsidence monitoring has been undertaken in parts of the valley during the past eight years, due to the reoccurrence of land subsidence.

A number of land surface elevation surveys have been done in this area since 2008. Data for 2008 and 2010 were used to prepare a contour map (Figure 4 7) . Land subsidence during this period 1093
Q)
Q)
LL

0.10 0.00
-0.10 -0.20
-0 .30 -0.40 -0.50 -0.60 -0.70
0 5
Ck 1
(11.35)
10 Ck 2
(16.19)
15 Ck3
(20.63)
20 Ck4
(24.43)
25 CkS
(29.82)
30 Ck 6
(34.42)
35 Delta-Mendota Canal
Elevation Difference between 2014 & 2016 Subsidence Surveys Ck 7
(38.68)
40 Ck8
(44.26)
45 Ck 9
(48.62)
so
CklO
(54.41)
55 Ck 11
(58.28)
60 DMC Milepost
Ck 12
(63.98)
65 -o- Elv Diff between 2014 & 2016
Ck 13
(70.01)
70 Ck 14
(7440)
75 Ck 15
(79.64)
80 Ck 16
(85.09)
85 Ck 17
(90.54)
90 FIGURE 45-ILAND SUBSIDENCE ALONG DEL TA-MENDOTA CANAL.(2014-16) / 95 Ck 18
(96.81)
100
Ck 19
(105.06)
105
Ck 20
(111.26)
110
Ck21
(116.48)
115
108
120
1094
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fj
C
QJ
:E
..Q "'
:::,
Ill
Source:
0 -1
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
0 ·o
2:

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a:: ro
(/) b.O
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~ Subsid ence 1972-1988
..-subsidence 1988-2004
- Subsidence 2008-2011
~ Subsidence 2011-2017
....,_Subsid ence 1972-2017
ro
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00 X DMC at Hwy 152 Subsidence 2014-2016
Cl/ Cl/
....
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(/)
0 C
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0 _J
+ Outside Canal at Hwy 152 Subsidence 1996-2017
• Los Banos Creek Subsidence 2013-2017
• Main Ca nal at Hwy 152 Subsidence 2002-2017
ro
C
ro
u
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ro
SLCC Temple/Santa Rita at Hwy 152 Subsidence 2012-2017
Santa Rita Ditch at Hwy 152 Subsidence 2012-2017
* Chart does not reflect subsidence that occured from 2004 to 2008. ro
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*The data used was compiled by Provost & Pritchard Consulting Group and includes records from Reclamation, RBF, SLDMWA, CCID and SLCC.
5 10 15 20 25 30
Distance from San Luis Dam to Highway 99 (miles)
(/) (/)
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I
35 Elevation change computed from report geodetic surveys along Highway 152 from Caltrans, edtied by Bur,eau of Reclamation. -FIGURE 46-\HISTORIC:AL LAND SUBSIDENCE
ALONG HIGHWAY 152 TRANSECT
00 "O
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120 "37'30"W
02 10 11
w
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27 34 35
120"37'30"W
0 4,500
l-JIEID~I

PROVOST&

PRITCHARD
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18 z
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a,
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36 9,000
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08 08
17 29
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\
16 21
28 33 34
7-t-----t---,-,,--1------------,-s
120 "30'0"W
02 01
27 35 31
02 06 07
120 "30'0"W
120 "22'30"W 120"1 5'0"W
'2 24
"' 0
0:

AVE 20
06 07
AVE 19 1/2
--;i,._------,.,__ - - ~f--"l'---+----<p---+-=- - -tl;c30"1 AVE 9
-
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11 0
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10 11
33 08 08
- - ,-r-- +-----<
120 "1 5'0"W
22 23
34 35
03 02
11 10
u~<;es:-U1SGS,r&=SF.!
AVE 1
8 2008 to 2010 Change in Elevation of Ground Surface Legend Elevation Change {Feet) ' Points Surveyed 06-29-201 0 from TO19 Preliminary Subsidence Map uQ)J County - -0.1 to -0.2 Labeled By Change In Elevation (ft) Since 2008 D Township/Range -0.2 to -0.5 ATPoinl In Association with Major Canal/ Slough / River O -o.sto -1.0 I If! Primary Control Pt *Data from RBF Consulting Co. Primary/AT Point : Kenneth D. Schmidt -1.0 to -1.5 t
Map for California Flood Safe July 13, 201 0
& Associates - -1.5 II] Secondary Control Pt
FIGURE 47-~AND SUBSIDENCE
I
IN RED TOP-EL NIDO AREA (2008-10) / Date: August 27, 201 2 ' 1096
111
exceeded 1.5 feet along a northwest-southeast trending area passing through the north end of the Triangle T Ranch (north of Avenue 16), and extending to the northwest (including Vlot Farms).

Land subsidence exceeded 1.0 foot during 2008-10 southwest of the Eastside Bypass, between Avenues 14 and 21. Land subsidence west of the San Joaquin River was indicated to usually be less than half a foot, except near Sack Dam (0.62 foot). Land subsidence during this period exceeded half a foot over a fairly large area east of the river, extending south to Avenue 12 and
north to past Highway 152. Much of the greatest subsidence was in the western part of the Chowchilla W.D., west of the Madera I.D., and in other undistricted areas east of the San Joaquin River. Surface water supplies in these areas have been limited, particularly during drought periods, and thus groundwater has been heavily used.

An agreement was developed between the landowners east of the San Joaquin River and the CCID and SLCC (west of the river) to undertake a program to decrease subsidence in the Sack Dam-Red Top area. Measures undertaken include:

1. Provision of surface water to part of the area, to reduce lower aquifer pumpage.
1097
112

2. Constructing new shallow wells to tap groundwater above the Corcoran Clay. Pumping of this water isn't prone to subsidence.

3. Implementation of intentional recharge projects to recharge the upper aquifer and make its yield more sustainable.

4. Avoiding constructing new deep wells tapping the lower aquifer, and not pumping existing lower aquifer wells, to the extent possible.

Recent land subsidence surveys indicate that the program has been highly successful.

Figure 48 shows land subsidence in and near the SJREC GSP Group Area for December 2013-2017. This map indicates that subsidence exceeded about 0.5 foot during this period in a large area. This area extended to within about five miles of Merced on the north, to near Chowchilla and Madera on the east, to near San Joaquin on the south, and to near Dos Palos and Firebaugh on the southwest. Subsidence rates ranging from about 1.5 feet were primarily in the Sack Dam-Red Top area and to the southeast.

GROUNDWATER QUALITY
The chemical quality of the groundwater along the west part of the GSP area is influenced by the chemical quality of west1098 0 '?
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EXPLANATION
Contour of Land Surface
Elevation Change (feet)
---,_ SJREC , GSA Boundary
0 4
e
u _ _ ,,..,. .. -._ ·-- W-F,bmSI-• ·--:-=--::::--2!;_ ·,\ \ ~ ,.,. -,.,
11_9~ - - '- ,
Scale (miles) 1 F-;11 1(-,:-,,:, 11
HS24:
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. ,
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r
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t,bl lOl\,.ll
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·subsidence Mo _
• GPS Point-December 2011
0 GPS Point-added July 2012 " ,i,,0{:,iE v11L,1.E'I
0 GPS Point-added December 2013 .,,~ . . -,~:.....,,- ~ r . ;..-! .. ---- TU\1EY-
·,. H/U;S,
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'- ',,:;s'ou~ s:'Esri,,HERE,.DeLo~ , lnte~ap, iricrement P Corp., GE~CO, USGS. FAO, NPS, f--!RCAN, ;''
0 ..,.Gg~~a,~!i.,,!@_N', ~ag_asfer _NL,.Oiar.1ance Survey, Esri Japan, {VIETl."Esri China (Hong Kong); - ~·;} s~isstopo, ~~pmyll).fl!a, © OperiS~ittMap contributors,. and the GIS User Community - - - - - FIGURE 48-CHANGE IN GROUND SURFACE ELEVATIONS (FEET) FOR 12/13-12/17 -'
-'
w
1099
114
side streams. Davis (1961) showed that the chemical quality of water for the west-side streams can be closely correlated with the geologic units in their respective drainage basins. Streams that drain basins that are chiefly underlain by sedimentary rocks of Cretaceous age and by the Franciscan Formation generally contain a high proportion of bicarbonate. The water from west-side streams in much of the area north of Los Banos is mostly bicarbonate in character. Streams that drain basins that are underlain by Tertiary marine formations contain a high proportion of sulfate and/or chloride. The dominant cations in most of the west side streams are calcium and sodium. Where serpentinized rocks are exposed, the streamflows have high magnesium concentrations. The quality of the groundwater along parts of the east edge of the GSP area is influenced by seepage from the San Joaquin River and the Eastside Bypass. This water is of low salinity and bicarbonate is the major anion. Because DMC water has been used for irrigation for many decades, the quality of this water has influenced groundwater quality in the upper aquifer throughout the service area. The DMC water has a much higher salinity than that of the San Joaquin River, and irrigation with the DMC water has contributed to an increased salinity of groundwater in the upper aquifer. 1100
115
Upper Aquifer
Hotchkiss and Balding (1971) compared the quality of groundwater in the upper aquifer to that of streams in the Tracy-Dos Palos area. They indicated that the bicarbonate-type groundwater bodies were recharged by the streams that had the largest drainage basins, namely, Del Puerto, Orestimba, San Luis, and Los Banos Creeks. The TDS concentrations in groundwater of the bicarbonate type often ranged from about 400 to 600 mg/1, and increased in the downgradient direction, from west to east, in the late 1960's.

The concentrations of TDS ranged from about 1,200 mg/1 to the west to around 700 mg/1 towards the San Joaquin River in the late 1960's. There are areas of sulfate-type groundwater in the central and southern parts of the Tracy-Dos Palos area. Sulfur springs are present on Crow and Orestimba Creeks, indicative of sulfate-bearing deposits in the watershed that are probably responsible for the type of groundwater in the area.

There is chloride-type groundwater in parts of the Grassland Water District, east of Gustine and around Dos Palos. Sodium chloride type groundwater extends from near Mendota northward to Dos Palos. TDS concentrations in the chloride-type groundwater in the Grassland Water District ranged from 500 to around 13,000 mg/1 in the 1960's.
1101
116
There are transitional types of water (bicarbonate-sulfate and sulfate-bicarbonate) such as near Gustine, and these represent mixtures of water from various sources. In the vicinity of Los Banos, most of the transitional type groundwater is sulfatechloride and bicarbonate-sulfate, but near the San Joaquin River it is chloride-bicarbonate in type. The TDS concentrations in the transitional type groundwater ranged from about 400 to 4,200 mg/1 in the 1960's.

Good quality groundwater is present in the upper aquifer near Mendota and to the east, where recharge from the San Joaquin River, Eastside Bypass, and Mendota Pool are significant.

Electrical Conductivity
KOSA (1997b), as part of studies for the CCID, mapped electrical conductivities and boron concentrations in the upper aquifer, based on analyses for the 1990 1 s. Figure 29 of KOSA (1997) showed electrical conductivities for the upper aquifer, which is reproduced herein as Figure 49. Groundwater with electrical conductivities of less than 1,200 micromhos per centimeter at 20°C was present in areas recharged by the larger westside streams, from Los Banos Creek to near Crows Landing. Relatively low electrical conductivities were also found along the east side 1102
Stan si laus
Merced
Stanislaus
Santa
Clara
Merced
Fresno
S
Merced
anta Clara
Merced
San Benito
Merced
Madera
Stanislaus
Merced
R.8E
R.9E
R.7 E
R.8 E
R.8 E
R.9 E
R.9 E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.7E
R.8E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.7E
R.8E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.7E
R.8E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13 E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15 E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15E
R.15E
R.16E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15E
R.15 E
R.16 E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15E
R.15E
R.16E
T.5S
T.6S
T.5S
T.6S
T.5S
T.6S
T.6 S
T.7S T.6S
T.7S
T.6S
T.7S
T.6S
T.7S
T.6S
T.7S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.8S
T.9S
T.8S
T.9S
T.8S
T.9S
T.8S
T.9S T.8S
T.9S
T.8S
T.9S
T.8S
T.9S
T.9S
T.10S T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.9 S
T.10S T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.10S
T.11S T.10S
T.11S T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12 S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.12S
T.13 S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13 S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.13S
T.14S
T.13S
T.14S T.13S
T.14S
T.13S
T.14S
T.13S
T.14S
T.14S
T.15S

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

BRAVEL SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
OWENS
CREEK

OWENS CREEK
OWENS
CREEK

OWENS CREEK

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

EAST SIDE BYPASS

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

EAST SIDE BYPASS
EAST
SIDE
BYPASS

JOAQUIN
SAN
RIVER
LAKE
HONDA
ASH
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER

ASH SLOUGH
LAKE
RAMONA
ASH
SLOUGH

OLSON POND

EL NIDO

RESERVOIR
FLAT
POND

MUD SLOUGH
MUD
SLOUGH

LITTLE PANOCHE CREEK

LITTLE PANOCHE CREEK
LOWER

RUTH LAKE
UPPER
RUTH
LAKE

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL
WELL
POND
PEAR
SLOUGH
SLOUGH
MUD

DEEP SLOUGH
CREEK
BEAR
LONE
WILLOW
SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND
LAS
GARZAS
CREEK

LAS GARZAS
CREEK

LOS BANOS
CREEK

LOS BANOS CREEK
FRESNO
RIVER
BEAR
CREEK
QUINTO
CREEK
LOS
BANOS
CREEK
MUD
SLOUGH
FRESNO
RIVER

MUD SLOUGH
LITTLE

BUTTONWILLOW
LAKE

BUTTONWILLOW SLOUGH

FRESNO RIVER

BIG WATER
LAKE

DEEP SLOUGH

FRESNO RIVER

DUCK POND

SAN LUIS

RESERVOIR

BEAR CREEK
BEAR
CREEK
LONE
WILLOW
SLOUGH

BEAR CREEK

BERENDA
SLOUGH

CHOWCHILLA RIVER

CHOWCHILLA
RIVER

FRESNO RIVER

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

COTTONWOOD
CREEK

CHOWCHILLA
RIVER

COTTONWOOD
CREEK
MERCED
RIVER
MERCED
RIVER

MERCED RIVER

MERCED RIVER
MER
LITTLE

PANOCHE

RESERVOIR
MUD
SLOUGH

BERENDA
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND

BERENDA
SLOUGH
ASH
SLOUGH

BERENDA
SLOUGH
LOS

BERENDA
SLOUGH

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER

NORTH FORK LOS

BANOS CREEK
DRY
CREEK

DRY CREEK

PANOCHE
CREEK

PANOCHE
CREEK

PANOCHE CREEK PANOCHE
CREEK
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER
SOUTH
FORK

LOS BANOS CREEK
SOUTH

FORK LOS BANOS
CREEK

LONE WILLOW
SLOUGH

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER
LITTLE

PANOCHE
CREEK
LITTLE

PANOCHE
CREEK
LOS
BANOS

RESERVOIR

FRESNO RIVER

ORESTIMBA
O`NEILL

FOREBAY

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT
CREEK
BANOS
CREEK

ORESTIMBA
CREEK
33 34
35 36
31 6
5 4 3 2 1 6
5 4
7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9
18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16
19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21
22 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28
27 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34
6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3
2 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10
11 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14
19 20 21 22 23
24 19 20 21 22 23
24 30
29 28
27 26
29 30 25 28 27 26
25 32 33 34 35
36 31
32 33 34 35 36
5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1
6 8
9 10 11 12
8 7
9 10 11 12
7 17
16 15 14 13 18 17
16 15 14 13 18
17 16
20 21 22 23
24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20
22 21
28 27 26 25 30
29 28
27 26 25 30 29 28 27
26 25 29
33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34
4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4
3 2 9
10 11 12 8 7 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7
15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17
22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 27
26 25 30 29 28 27
26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26
35 36 31 32 33 34
35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 2
1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 12
7 8 9
10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 18
17 16 15 14 13 18 16 17 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 20
21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 22 23 21 24 19 20 28
27 26 25 30 29 28 27
26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29
28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30
29 28
34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34
35 36 31 32
33 3
2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6
5 4
3 2 1 6 5 4
3 11
12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 10 11 7 12 8 9 7 8 9 10 11 13
18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13
18 14 13 17 15 18 16 17 16 15
14 19
20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 24 20 23 21 19 22 20 21 22 23
24 29
28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 25 27 30 26 29 28 30 27 26
25 33
34 35 36 31 32 33
12 7 8 12 7 9 8 9 10 7 11 12 10
11 8 9 10 11
14 13 18
16 15 14 13
34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36
31 32 33 34 35
31 32 33 36 31 34 35 36
3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 6 1 2 1 3 6 4 5 11 12 7 8 9 7 8 10
9 11 12 10 9 10 7 11 11 8 12 12 7
8 7
16 11 12 9 10
13 18 18 17 16 17
15 15 14 16 13 18 17 16 14 14 13 15 18 13 17 18
17 15 14 13
24 19 20 21 22
30 29 28 27
32 33 34
5 4
3 9
10 15
23 24 20 21 19 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 19 20 19 21 24 23 20 21 24 22 23
25 30 26 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 6 1 5 2 1 6 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3
2 11 12 7 8 9 10 11
17 18 17 16 15 13 18 17 16 14 15 14 17 16 14 13
13 15 18
21 22 23 24 19 20 21 20 21 24 19 22 23 22
24 23 23 24 19 22 20 21
27 26 25 30 25 30 29 27 26
26 28 27
28 29
8 Firebaugh
Mendota
Newman
on
Turlock
Delhi
Dos
Palos
Gustine
Hilmar-Irwin
Livingston
Los
Banos
1200
1200
1800
1800
1200
1800
2400
1200
1200
2400
1800
1800
1800
1800
1200
1200
2400
2400
2400
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
1200
1800
1200
1200
2,900
1,560 1,800
680
584
1,500 2,640 1,300 1,270
2,080
2,160
633
468
1,578
504
1,230
768
1,050
397 750 881
852
760
917
819
633
696 677
1,500
796
1,150
790
754
867
945
1,130
1,010
955
1,560
1,260
897
1,270
1,449
2,100 1,610
1,900
1,550
657 548
782
1,410
1,320
1,510
1,215 1,060
1,476
1,410
1,060
1,590
2,790
1,430 1,560
1,780
1,030
825
1,300
1,600
671
1,800
1,700
1,200
1,700
1,460
1,790
1,750
1,910
1,800
2,300
1,100
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,500
1,600
1,400
1,319
1,6002,480
1,400
1,319
1,800
2,410
1,600
1,500
3,800 2,200
1,539
2,200 1,400
2,160
1,700
1,357 1,400
2,400
1,920
2,000
1,980
2,820
2,100
1,925 1,570
1,797
973 744
742
671 660
1,170
690
920
2,910
1,700
791
2,060
861 884
1,000
1,570 31Q
1,570
1,570
868
1,044 1,000
1,400
1,600 1,900
1,400
670 760
970
920
1,200
1,570
1,100
770
1,200
870
910
1,200
2,100 2,300
2,400
740
2,130
660 2,400
4,160
2,690
2,400 1,931
1,000
1,060
3,000 720 1,540
1,716 1,450
734
1,796
1,610
663
460
750 1,170 1,110
1,460
991 960
1,170
1,250 1,050
319 1,080
590
643
1,108
440
1,000
1,190 810
888 1,150
1,000 1,200
1,380 1,196
750
1,490
1,490
1,300
2,560
1,300
2,530
3,080
2,580
750
2,930
2,570
2,070
3,670
2,730 2,690
1,240
1,537
1,330
2,270
2,200
1,383
570
2,070
4,210
1,980
2,400
940
980
1,050
1,630
1,155
1,240
1,160
1,160
2,520
1,155
1,210
1,046
750
1,150
916 1,260
1,260
1,040
1,140
1,180
1,510
1,660
1,310 1,500
1,460
1,430
1,140
774
1,150 1,340
1,425
917
1,575
1,778
1,208
1,104 912
1,210 743
860
850
964
892
1,000 1,000
1,400 1,140
1,040
1,000
1,300
1,200 905 770
1,950
1,353
1,200
1,220
1,340
1,720
1,330
1,550
1,600
1,590
1,820
1,200
1,200 1,100
1,360
1,500
1,240
1,420
1,510
1,440
1,270 1,240
1,200
1,300
1,040
1,138 1,800
1,500
1,370 1,420
1,400
1,300
1,110
1,065
1,050
1,050
782
1,300
1,200
1,040 823
689
1,700 810
861
1,880
1,300
564
890
550
1200
1200
1200
1200
1800
1200
1200
1200
1800
2400
1800
2400
0 1 2 4 6 8
Miles
.

FIGURE 49 - ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITIES FOR WELLS
TAPPING THE UPPER AQUIFER (1997)

DELTA-MENDOTA

SUBBASIN
EXPLANATION:

Delta-Mendota Subbasin
SJREC GSP Group Area
Well with Upper Aquifer Electrical
Conductivity Readings
(µmhos/cm @25° C)
Upper Aquifer Electrical Conductivity
Contours 1997 (µmhos/cm @25° C) 1800
117
1103
118
of the area near the San Joaquin River, from south of Highway 152 to near Mendota.

An exception to the pattern of low groundwater salinity to the east, was an area of high electrical conductivity in the center of T10S/Rl3E. A zone of relatively shallow brackish water is indicated by interpretation of many electric logs in this area. The area of brackish water appears to underlie a large part of the San Luis Canal Co. area, and virtually all water supply wells in this area are completed above a depth of about 250 feet, above the brackish water zone.

Electrical conductivities greater than 1,800 micromhos were in 1) areas recharged by creeks south of Los Banos Creek, 2) an area of poor quality groundwater southwest of Mendota, 3) at the downslope ends of westside alluvial fans in T8S/R9E and T9S/R9E, and 4) in an area northeast of Los Banos. These are believed to have been due to historical evaporation of shallow groundwater in those areas.

Intermediate electrical conductivities (1,200 to 1,800 micromhos) were associated with the smaller westside drainages and in an area adjacent to the area of low electrical conductivity groundwater near the San Joaquin River.

As part of the KOSA (2008, Figure 19) evaluation, an updated map was prepared to show the distribution of electrical conduc1104 119
tivity in the upper aquifer for the mid-2000's in parts of the Exchange Contractors service area where recent data were available. In the KOSA (1997b) report, electrical conductivity contours for 1,200, 1,800, and 2,400 micromhos were shown for the 1990's. These same contours are shown for the mid-2000's, where data were available. Substantial data were available for the area between Dos Palos and Mendota, in the Crows Landing and Newman areas, and in the Los Banos area. Overall, these contours were generally similar to those for the 1990's.

A substantial amount of information on electrical conductivities of well water is available for the New Columbia Ranch in Sub-area J. Electrical conductivities exceeded 1,200 micromhos per centimeter in water from several wells in an area primarily north of the extension of Avenue 5 and Avenue 8. These moderate to high electrical conductivities were present in a southeasterly trending lobe east of the Buttonwillow Slough. Water from four wells in this area had electrical conductivities ranging from 1,710 to 1,860 micromhos in 2001. Another localized area of high salinity was indicated to the southeast. The lowest electrical conductivities (less than 600 micromhos) near the Eastside Bypass (Chowchilla Canal Bypass). Seepage from the Bypass is indicated to be an important source of recharge in Sub-area J.

The electrical conductivities for well water increased substantially to the southwest in the Sub-area H. The highest electrical conductivities were in water from three wells and ranged 1105
120
from 2,073 to 2,351 micromhos in July 2004. A localized area of high electrical conductivity (exceeding 1,200 micromhos) was present north of Hutchins Road and west of San Juan Road. The lowest electrical conductivities (less than 900 micromhos) were near the Santa Rita Slough and in the area south of Roosbury Road, and in a localized area north of Highway 152 and west of San Juan Road.

The electrical conductivity map for the area south of Sub-area H was generally consistent with that for the mid-1990's (Figure 29 of KDSA, 1997). However, a noticeable trend was for a number of the mid-2000's contours to be slightly northeast or downgradient of the contours for the mid-1990's. In the Mendota-Firebaugh area, the mid-2000's contours for 1,200, 1,800, and 2,400 micromhos averaged about a half mile east of those for the mid1990's. This was consistent with observations from groundwater monitoring near Mendota, and with observations in the western part of Sub-area J, where TDS concentrations and electrical conductivities have increased during the past decade. The northeasterly migration of high salinity groundwater in the upper aquifer was due to the increased northeasterly water-level slope, which has been caused by decreased pumpage and subsurface irrigation drainage from the San Luis Unit of the CVP and by waterlevel declines in western Madera County, particularly in irrigated areas without surface water supplies. 1106
121
Figure 50 is an updated electrical conductivity map for part of the SJREC GSA for 2012. A substantial amount of additional data has become available in the Sack Dam-Red Top area. In that area, electrical conductivities were usually much lower for groundwater in the lower aquifer than in the upper aquifer. Also, electrical conductivities of groundwater in the upper aquifer generally decreased to the northeast. South of Avenue 18-1/2, electrical conductivities for the upper aquifer exceeded 4,000 micromhos to the southwest, nearby the San Joaquin River.

The lowest electrical conductivities in this area (less than 500 micomhos) were to the east near the Eastside Bypass. In parts of the SJREC GSA where data were available, the same trends were generally present as in the mid 2000's.

KOSA (2006) reported on a more detailed evaluation of groundwater quality for the upper aquifer in Sub-areas F and I. Figure 6 of KOSA (2006) showed electrical conductivity of water from wells tapping the upper aquifer in the 1990's. This figure is reproduced in this report as Figure 51. Electrical conductivity of groundwater in the upper aquifer changed laterally over relatively short distances near Firebaugh. Values increased from 1,500 to 6,000 micromhos over a distance of about a mile. This area was upgradient of the San Joaquin River. Northeasterly 1107
Stan si laus
Merced
Stanislaus
Santa
Clara
Merced
Fresno
S
Merced
anta Clara
Merced
San Benito
Merced
Madera
Stanislaus
Merced

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

BRAVEL SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
OWENS
CREEK

OWENS CREEK
OWENS
CREEK

OWENS CREEK

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

EAST SIDE BYPASS

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

EAST SIDE BYPASS
EAST
SIDE
BYPASS

JOAQUIN
SAN
RIVER
LAKE
HONDA
ASH
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER

ASH SLOUGH
LAKE
RAMONA
ASH
SLOUGH

OLSON POND

EL NIDO

RESERVOIR
FLAT
POND

MUD SLOUGH
MUD
SLOUGH

LITTLE PANOCHE CREEK

LITTLE PANOCHE CREEK
LOWER

RUTH LAKE
UPPER
RUTH
LAKE

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL
WELL
POND
PEAR
SLOUGH
SLOUGH
MUD

DEEP SLOUGH
CREEK
BEAR
LONE
WILLOW
SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND
LAS
GARZAS
CREEK

LAS GARZAS
CREEK

LOS BANOS
CREEK

LOS BANOS CREEK
FRESNO
RIVER
BEAR
CREEK
QUINTO
CREEK
LOS
BANOS
CREEK
MUD
SLOUGH
FRESNO
RIVER

MUD SLOUGH
LITTLE

BUTTONWILLOW
LAKE

BUTTONWILLOW SLOUGH

FRESNO RIVER

BIG WATER
LAKE

DEEP SLOUGH

FRESNO RIVER

DUCK POND

SAN LUIS

RESERVOIR

BEAR CREEK
BEAR
CREEK
LONE
WILLOW
SLOUGH

BEAR CREEK

BERENDA
SLOUGH

CHOWCHILLA RIVER

CHOWCHILLA
RIVER

FRESNO RIVER

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

COTTONWOOD
CREEK

CHOWCHILLA
RIVER

COTTONWOOD
CREEK
MERCED
RIVER
MERCED
RIVER

MERCED RIVER

MERCED RIVER
ME
LITTLE

PANOCHE

RESERVOIR
MUD
SLOUGH

BERENDA
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND

BERENDA
SLOUGH
ASH
SLOUGH

BERENDA
SLOUGH
LOS

BERENDA
SLOUGH

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER

NORTH FORK LOS

BANOS CREEK
DRY
CREEK

DRY CREEK

PANOCHE
CREEK

PANOCHE
CREEK

PANOCHE CREEK PANOCHE
CREEK
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER
SOUTH
FORK

LOS BANOS CREEK
SOUTH

FORK LOS BANOS
CREEK

LONE WILLOW
SLOUGH

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER
LITTLE

PANOCHE
CREEK
LITTLE

PANOCHE
CREEK
LOS
BANOS

RESERVOIR

FRESNO RIVER

ORESTIMBA
O`NEILL

FOREBAY

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT
CREEK
BANOS
CREEK

ORESTIMBA
CREEK
33 34
35 36
31 6
5 4 3 2 1 6
5 4
7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9
18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16
19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21
22 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28
27 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34
6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3
2 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10
11 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14
19 20 21 22 23
24 19 20 21 22 23
24 30
29 28
27 26
29 30 25 28 27 26
25 32 33 34 35
36 31
32 33 34 35 36
5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1
6 8
9 10 11 12
8 7
9 10 11 12
7 17
16 15 14 13 18 17
16 15 14 13 18
17 16
20 21 22 23
24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20
22 21
28 27 26 25 30
29 28
27 26 25 30 29 28 27
26 25 29
33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34
4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4
3 2 9
10 11 12 8 7 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7
15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17
22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 27
26 25 30 29 28 27
26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26
35 36 31 32 33 34
35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 2
1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 12
7 8 9
10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 18
17 16 15 14 13 18 16 17 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 20
21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 22 23 21 24 19 20 28
27 26 25 30 29 28 27
26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29
28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30
29 28
34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34
35 36 31 32
33 3
2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6
5 4
3 2 1 6 5 4
3 11
12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 10 11 7 12 8 9 7 8 9 10 11 13
18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13
18 14 13 17 15 18 16 17 16 15
14 19
20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 24 20 23 21 19 22 20 21 22 23
24 29
28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 25 27 30 26 29 28 30 27 26
25 33
34 35 36 31 32 33
12 7 8 12 7 9 8 9 10 7 11 12 10
11 8 9 10 11
14 13 18
16 15 14 13
34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36
31 32 33 34 35
31 32 33 36 31 34 35 36
3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 6 1 2 1 3 6 4 5 11 12 7 8 9 7 8 10
9 11 12 10 9 10 7 11 11 8 12 12 7
8 7
16 11 12 9 10
13 18 18 17 16 17
15 15 14 16 13 18 17 16 14 14 13 15 18 13 17 18
17 15 14 13
24 19 20 21 22
30 29 28 27
32 33 34
5 4
3 9
10 15
23 24 20 21 19 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 19 20 19 21 24 23 20 21 24 22 23
25 30 26 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 6 1 5 2 1 6 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3
2 11 12 7 8 9 10 11
17 18 17 16 15 13 18 17 16 14 15 14 17 16 14 13
13 15 18
21 22 23 24 19 20 21 20 21 24 19 22 23 22
24 23 23 24 19 22 20 21
27 26 25 30 25 30 29 27 26
26 28 27
28 29
8 Firebaugh
Mendota
Newman
on
Turlock
Delhi
Dos
Palos
Gustine
Hilmar-Irwin
Livingston
Los
Banos
R.8E
R.9E
R.7 E
R.8 E
R.8 E
R.9 E
R.9 E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.7E
R.8E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.7E
R.8E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.8E
R.9E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.13 E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15 E
R.8E
R.9E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.14E
R.15E
R.15E
R.16E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.14E
R.15E
R.15 E
R.16 E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.15E
R.16E
T.5S
T.6S
T.5S
T.6S
T.5S
T.6S
T.6 S
T.7S T.6S
T.7S
T.6S
T.7S
T.6S
T.7S
T.6S
T.7S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.7S
T.8S
T.8S
T.9S
T.8S
T.9S
T.8S
T.9S T.8S
T.9S
T.8S
T.9S
T.9S
T.10S T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.9S
T.10S
T.10S
T.11S T.10S
T.11S T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.10S
T.11S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.12S
T.13 S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13 S T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.13S
T.14S
T.13S
T.14S T.13S
T.14S
T.13S
T.14S
T.13S
T.14S
T.14S
T.15S
1100
1100 1400 1000 1500
2500
600 1500
1100
770
1100
880
920
1000
1100 1400
1300
1900
1500
1800 2200
1600
1600
1600 1800
1300
1400
1400
1400
1600
1800 1600
1400
1700
1300
1600
1100
2100 1100
980
1300 760
970
1100
800
1400
1300
1400
1300
1200 1000
2200
2400
1400 1100
1200
1500
1020
1040 1470
980
1050
1260
1140
1000
1540
980
850
1000
1040
1270
1320
1020 940
1190
890 910
1410
1210 1400
1520
1430
1950 1780
650 1090
1520
1440
1110
1770
1250
1140
1230
#XX
1180
1250
1160
1570
1870
1960
1170 1680
2030
2010
1300
#267
790
1040
840 870
#962
1050
840 1310
930
1610
1700
1700
2000
1240
1470
1060
1870
1070
1800
1200
1800
1200 800
1000
1000
1500
500
2000
3000 4000
1200
1200
1800
1200
1800
1200
2000
2500
3000
2500
2000
0 1 2 4 6 8
.

Miles
FIGURE 50 - ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITIES FOR WELLS
TAPPING THE UPPER AQUIFER IN 2012

DELTA-MENDOTA

SUBBASIN
EXPLANATION:

Wells with Upper Aquifer
Electrical Conductivity Readings
(µmhos/cm @ 25° C)
2012 Upper Aquifer Electrical
Conductivity (µmhos/cm @ 25° C) 1800
SJREC GSP Group Area
Delta-Mendota Subbasin
122
1108
10 11
12 9
7 8
14 13
17 15
18 16
17 16
19 24
20 23
21 19
22 20
21 22
25 30
29 28
25 27
30 26
29 28
27 26
25 12
7 9
8 9
10 7
11 12
10 11
8 9
10 11
35 36
31 32
33 34
35 31
32 33
36 31
34 35
36 2
1 6
5 4
3 2
6 1
2 1
3 6
4 5
7 8
9 10
11 11
12 12
7 8
7 16
11 12
9 10
18 17
16 15
14 14
13 18
13 17
18 17
15 14
13 20
21 19
23 24
22 19
20 19
21 24
23 20
21 24
22 23
26 25
30 29
28 27
26 25
30 29
28 27
26 25
30 29
28 27
6 31
32 33
34 35
36 31
32 33
34 35
36 31
32 33
34 5
2 1
6 3
4 5
4 3
2 1
6 5
4 3
2 15
13 18
17 16
14 15
14 17
16 14
13 13
15 18
20 21
24 19
23 22
23 23
24 19
22 20
21 25
30 25
30 29
27 26
26 28
27 28
29 8

W BELMONT
AVE

MERRILL AVE

N DOS PALOS RD

S DERRICK AVE

W NEES AVE

W MERRILL AVE

N FAIRFAX
AVE

OLLER ST
N ST

N SAN DIEGO AVE

N DOUGLAS
AVE

W ASHLAN AVE

N DOS PALOS RD
BASS
AVE

SANTA FE GRD

W SHAIN AVE

N DOS PALOS RD

W HERNDON AVE

W BULLARD AVE

N LYON AVE

W MCKINLEY AVE

W SILAXO AVE

N WASHOE AVE

N DOUGLAS
AVE

N FAIRFAX AVE

W BEHYMER
AVE

N NEWCOMB AVE

N LYON AVE
W SAN

JOSE AVE

W GETTYSBURG
AVE

W SHIELDS AVE

W VALERIA AVE
ER
VE

W MILLER AVE
AIN
AVE
N SAN

BERNARDINO AVE

N DAVIDSON AVE

N EVANS
AVE

N BRANNON R

N NEWCOMB AVE
N SAN

DIEGO AVE

N JERROLD AVE

N HUDSON AVE

S DERRICK AVE

N FAIRFAX AVE

W COPPER
AVE

W OXALIS AVE

W SAN JOSE AVE

N JERROLD
AVE

N OHIO AVE

N HUDSON AVE

W WHITESBRIDGE AVE
N SAN

BERNARDINO AVE

W OLIVE AVE

N BRANNON
RD

HELM CANAL RD

W ORMSBY AVE

SANTA FE GRD

N DOUGLAS
AVE

HELM DITCH RD

W SHAW AVE

N GALVEZ AVE

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

SAN JOAQU
RIVER
EAST
BYPASS
SIDE

JOAQUIN
SAN
RIVER

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL
LONE
WILLOW
SLOUGH

BUTTONWILLOW SLOUGH

FRESNO RIV

LONE WILLOW
SLOUGH
R.13E
R.14E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15E
R.13E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15E
T.11S
T.12S
T.11S
T.12S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.12S
T.13S
T.13S
T.14S
T.13
T
Firebaugh
Mendota
1500
2000
3000
2000
6000
4000
6000
4000
3000
1500
1000
1000
0 0.5 1 2 3 4
.

Miles
FIGURE 51- ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF WATER FROM WELLS TAPPING UPER AQUIFER IN FIREBAUGH AREA IN THE 1990's
EXPLANATION:

Firebaugh Electrical Conductivity
Contours (µmhos/cm @ 25° C) 2000
SJREC GSP Group Area
Delta-Mendota Subbasin
123
1109
124
movement of high TDS groundwater in the upper aquifer has been occurring in this area for decades, due to decreased pumpage and irrigation drainage in the San Luis Unit of the CVP and by lowered water levels in western Madera County. A groundwater pumping and transfer program is being developed in the area northwest of Firebaugh by the Exchange Contractors to intercept the poor quality groundwater and beneficially use it through mixing with better quality surface water.

Time Trends. The CCID prepared updated hydrographs for District pumpage and electrical conductivity for four parts of the District. For CCID wells in the Mendota-Firebaugh area, electrical conductivities have generally increased since 1959. Rates of increase in electrical conductivity have generally been greater during periods of heavy pumping, compared to periods of little pumpage. More high salinity groundwater inflow from west of the wells appears to be induced during periods of heavy pumping, and there is more downward leakage of shallow high TDS groundwater.

For the area between Firebaugh and Dos Palos, a similar pattern has been evident since 1959. For the Los Banos area, historical data for the CCID wells are limited, but no large changes in electrical conductivity are indicated. For the Gustine-Newman area, electrical conductivities in water from several wells, 1110
125
have increased since 1968, but the increases appears to be less than in the Firebaugh-Mendota area. Part of these increases is likely due to downward flow of poor quality shallow groundwater, particularly when water levels are significantly lowered in the underlying strata.

Boron
KOSA (1997b, Figure 30) also mapped boron in wells tapping the upper aquifer in the 1990's. Along the east part of the Exchange Contractors service area and south of Highway 152, boron concentrations were usually less than 0. 5 mg/1. This is consistent with groundwater recharge in these areas from east side streams, which contain low boron concentrations. The lowest boron concentrations (less than 0.1 mg/1) in the upper aquifer were in Tl0S and TllS.

The distribution of boron concentrations in groundwater recharged by westside streams is more complex. The lowest boron concentrations in the groundwater to the west were associated with recharge from the larger westside streams, such as Orestimba, Los Banos, Garzas, and Quinto Creeks. Groundwater in some parts of this area contained more than 2.5 mg/1 of boron.

The second was in parts of T8S/R9E and T9S/R9E, northeast of Los Banos. These high concentrations were probably due to historic evaporation of shallow groundwater at the downslope end of the alluvial fan. Shallow groundwater southwest of Mendota also con1111 126
tained high boron concentrations. This is in the area where high salinity groundwater has been present for many decades.

As part of the KOSA (2008) evaluation, boron analyses of well water for 2004-05 were obtained and plotted. These values generally agreed well with the values for the 1990's. In general, higher boron concentrations in the mid-1990's corresponded to higher electric conductivities, as in the 1990's.

Lower Aquifer
The chemical quality of the groundwater in the lower aquifer in the much of the service area is less well known that of the upper aquifer, due to the overall small number of wells tapping the lower aquifer. In general, for the area north of Los Banos, in much of the western part of the rest of the CCID, and in the Red Top-El Nido area, TDS concentrations in groundwater below the Corcoran Clay are less than those in groundwater above the Corcoran Clay. However, experience in Dos Palos, the SLCC service area, Firebaugh, and Mendota indicates that higher TDS groundwater is present below the Corcoran Clay in those areas. High concentrations of hydrogen sulfide, iron, and manganese are present in the lower aquifer in some areas, particularly where reducing conditions are present. 1112
127
Groundwater Quality Degradation
There are generally four types of groundwater quality problems that are important in the SJREC GSP. The first type comprise naturally occurring chemical constituents. Some of the most important in the SJREC GSP are nitrate, arsenic, hexavalent chromium, selenium, total dissolved solids (TDS), sulfate, chloride, and boron. Iron, manganese, and hydrogen sulfide concentrations are also important in some deeper groundwater under reduced conditions. For some of the deeper groundwater, high pH's and sodiurn adsorption ratios are a problem for irrigation use.

Most of these constituents are important in terms of developing new public supply wells to meet the Title 22 standards for public water supplies. The way those are normally handled is by conducting test well or pilot hole programs, whereby vertical trends in groundwater quality are determined. In this manner, either good quality groundwater is found and tapped by a suitable designed well, or the groundwater may be treated for specific constituents, if necessary. The SGMA program doesn't need to be directly involved with such programs. However, the data obtained are usually in the public record and can be periodically accessed and reviewed. Guidelines for the development of individual private domestic wells or irrigation wells in problem areas could be developed from this information.
1113
128
The second type is termed a plume or point source contamination problem. Plumes by definition are usually long and narrow.

Many of these fall under the jurisdiction of the Regional Water Quality Control Board. Numerous sites have Waste Discharge Requirements that are periodically updated. These are all in the public record and can be accessed through Regional Board websites and their offices in Sacramento and Fresno. It is recommended that the SGMA process not be directly involved in this process.

If desired, the SJREC GSA could provide input to the Regional Board through the normal public process.

The third type is associated with nonpoint sources. The most important of these would be crop irrigation, including the use of fertilizers, soil amendments, water treatment chemicals, and increases in groundwater salinity due to concentration of salts by evapotranspiration. The Regional Board has an Irrigated Lands program. There is no reason for the SGMA process to directly get involved with that program, unless measures are proposed that would affect the SGMA program.

The fourth type is termed hydrogeologic modification. The most important one of these is the northeasterly migration of poor quality groundwater in the Dos Palos-Mendota area. The poor quality groundwater has been present in the upper aquifer, some distance west of the San Joaquin River. Northeasterly movement of this water has largely resulted from subsurface drainage and decreased pumpage in the CVP area west of the river and develop1114 129
ment of a large depression cone in Madera County east of the San Joaquin River . Historically, prior to large-scale pumping of groundwater, this poor quality groundwater would have been moved towards the San Joaquin River, and either discharged into the river or have been consumed by evapotranspiration of phreatophytes. This type of groundwater quality problem appears to be under the purview of the SGMA process.

Sustainable Management Criteria For
Degraded Groundwater Quality
There are areas of relatively high salinity groundwater in the upper aquifer above the Corcoran Clay that extend from near Tranquillity to the south to near Red Top on the north. Much of this shallow groundwater is beneath agricultural drainage problem areas, where shallow groundwater has required the installation of subsurface tile drains . Much of the saltiest groundwater is indicated to be above the A-clay, a local confining bed that averages about 70 feet in depth. Evidence indicates that tile drains have intercepted most of this shallow groundwater . However, moderate to high salinity groundwater extends from below a depth of about 70 feet to near the top of the Corcoran Clay, except to the east near the San Joaquin River. This water can be pumped and mixed with canal water for beneficial use .

KDSA (2006) reported on a detailed evaluation of groundwater 1115
130
quality for the upper aquifer in Management Sub-areas F and I.

Figure 6 of KDSA (2006) showed electrical conductivity of water from wells tapping the upper aquifer in the 1990's. That figure is reproduced in this report as Figure 51. Electrical conductivity of groundwater in the upper aquifer changed laterally over relatively short distances near Firebaugh. Values increased to the southwest from 1,500 to 6,000 micromhos over a distance of about a mile. This area was indicated to be upgradient of the San Joaquin River.

Northeasterly movement of high TDS groundwater in the upper aquifer has been occurring in this area for decades. A groundwater pumping and transfer program (GP/WT) was developed in the area southwest of Firebaugh by the Exchange Contractors to intercept the poor quality groundwater and beneficially use it through mixing with better quality surface water. The FCWD manages this program.

It has been proposed to eventually pump as much as 20,000 acre-feet per year from 20 interceptor wells located between Mendota and Fairfax Avenue. These wells are to be located between the CCID Main Canal and the DMC. The pumping was proposed to largely occur during eight months of the year . The top of the Corcoran Clay is at an average depth of about 350 feet in this 1116
131
area. Two pilot wells (Snyder and Del Rey) were installed and pumped for an extended period to obtain information for an environmental assessment study. Presently, there are seven wells in the program . Water samples are collected from the pumped wells on an annual basis for determination of electrical conductivity and boron. Downgradient wells that are monitored include CCID wells in the Peso Well Field.

The objective of the GP/WT project is to intercept as much of the moderate to high salinity groundwater that is moving to the northeast in the area above the Corcoran Clay as is feasible .

Groundwater quality monitoring has been conducted for both the pumped wells and a number of CCID wells to the northeast. These results would be reviewed and evaluated about every three years.

INTERCONNECTED SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER

SYSTEMS IN THE SJREC GSA
There are several areas in the SJREC GSA where the shallow groundwater is indicated to be in direct hydraulic continuity with streamflow. The only place where this situation is known to occur is along sane reaches of the San Joaquin River . For many decades there were few shallow observation wells or monitor wells 1117
132
near the river in or near the SJREC GSA. Some of the only ones were north of the river at the New Columbia Ranch and near the former County of Fresno Mendota Landfill. Once the San Joaquin River Restoration Project became operative, a number of shallow monitor wells were installed for Reclamation along the river between Gravelly Ford and Stevinson.

Besides this information, another factor to be considered is the direction of groundwater flow in the upper aquifer. Where water-level elevation maps indicate flow towards the river from both sides, this is also usually an indication of a direct hydraulic communication, at least along reaches where the river is flowing. Upper aquifer water-level elevation maps for the area south of Highway 152 do not indicate flow toward the river from the east. Only general water-level elevation maps are available for the upper aquifer east of the river and north of Highway 152.

However it appears that there is direct hydraulic communication between streamflow in the river for the reach north of Sub-area H. Water-level elevation maps for the upper aquifer are available south of the Merced River near Stevinson, and a westerly direction of flow toward the San Joaquin River is indicated. The same situation pertains farther north, in the west parts of the Turlock and Modesto Irrigation Districts.
1118
133
Available data indicate that in some river reaches this direct hydraulic communication is present all or most of the time. An example is beneath the east branch of the Mendota Pool. In contrast, along other reaches, the direct hydraulic communication is only present during and following significant flows in the river.

An example of this is east of the Mendota Pool, during periods when the river hasn't flowed continuously for many years.

KDSA evaluated water-level hydrographs for SJR Restoration Program shallow monitor wells near the river, and compared these to nearby river channel elevations (usually determined within 100 to 200 feet of the wells). Reclamation has identified six river reaches between the head of the Chowchilla Bypass and Hills Ferry Road. Reach 2B is located between the Chowchilla Bifurcation Structure and Mendota Dam. Water-level measurements for shallow monitor wells near the river indicate that for the part of this reach east of San Mateo Road, the shallow groundwater is in hydraulic connection with the river streamflow only near or slightly following periods of streamflow in this reach. At those times, groundwater levels near the river are above the river channel. In contrast, during periods of no streamflow, groundwater levels are below the stream channel, and no hydraulic connection exists. The part of the reach west of San Mateo Road coincides with the easterly or San Joaquin river branch of the Mendota Pool. Along this part of the reach, there is a hydraulic con1119 134
nection between the shallow groundwater and the water in the Mendota Pool. Shallow groundwater levels in this part of the reach are generally above the channel or bottom of the pool.

Reach 3 extends from Mendota Dam to Sack Dam. There is generally always streamflow along this reach, as the SLCC obtaining DMC water released from Mendota Dam that flows into the Sack Dam in a low flow channel. Water-level records were compared to the stream channel elevations at 14 sites along the reach. Groundwater levels were always above the nearby river channel, and thus the shallow groundwater was in hydraulic connection with streamflow in the river.

Reach 4A extends from Sack Dam to the Sand Slough Bypass. Water-level records and stream channel elevations at six locations along this reach were examined. Records indicate that within about two miles downstream of Sack Dam, groundwater levels are normally above the nearby channel elevation. Thus along this part of the reach, the shallow groundwater may be in hydraulic connection with flow in the river. Records at sites more than two miles downstream of Sack Dam to about a mile and a half downstream of the Highway 152 crossing of the river indicate shallow groundwater levels below the channel elevation. There is normally no streamflow in the river along this part of the reach, except for river releases or flood flows. Thus in this part of the 1120
135
reach, there is no hydraulic connection between shallow groundwater and flow in the river, except during periods of streamflow.

For the third part of the reach, extending downstream to the Sand Slough Bypass, shallow groundwater levels are above the nearly channel elevation, and the shallow groundwater is in hydraulic connection with streamflow.

Reach 4B extends from the Sand Slough Control Structure downstream to the Mariposa Bypass. Records for seven sites along this reach were examined. At all of these sites, the shallow groundwater was above the nearby channel elevation, and thus the shallow groundwater was in hydraulic connection with flow in the river.

No shallow water-level records were available for Reach 4B2, which extends from the Mariposa Bypass to the Eastside Bypass.

Reach 5 extends from the Eastside Bypass to Hills Ferry Road.

Records were examined for two sites near Fremont Ford. Shallow groundwater levels were above the nearly channel elevations.

Thus the shallow groundwater was in hydraulic communication with streamflow in the river.

Figure 52 shows locations of interconnected groundwater and surface water bodies in or adjacent to the SJREC GSP, based on the foregoing information. The only relevant surface water body is the San Joaquin River.
1121
33 34
35 36
31 6
5 4 3 2 1 6
5 4
7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9
18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16
19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21
22 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28
27 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34
6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3
2 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10
11 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14
19 20 21 22 23
24 19 20 21 22 23
24 30
29 28
27 26
29 30 25 28 27 26
25 32 33 34 35
36 31
32 33 34 35 36
5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1
6 8
9 10 11 12
8 7
9 10 11 12
7 17
16 15 14 13 18 17
16 15 14 13 18
17 16
20 21 22 23
24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20
22 21
28 27 26 25 30
29 28
27 26 25 30 29 28 27
26 25 29
33 34 35 36 31 32
33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32
33 34
4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4
3 2 9
10 11 12 8 7 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7
15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17
22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21
27 26 25 30 29 28 27
26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26
35 36 31 32 33 34
35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 2
1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 12
7 8 9
10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7
18 17 16 15 14 13 18 16 17 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 20
21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 22 23 21 24 19 20 28
27 26 25 30 29 28 27
26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29
28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30
29 28
34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34
35 36 31 32
33 3
2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6
5 4
3 2 1 6 5 4
3 11
12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 10 11 7 12 8 9 7 8 9 10 11 13
18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13
18 14 13 17 15 18 16 17 16 15
14 19
20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 24 20 23 21 19 22 20 21 22 23
24 29
28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 25 27 30 26 29 28 30 27 26
25 33
34 35 36 31 32 33
12 7 8 12 7 9 8 9 10 7 11 12 10
11 8 9 10 11
14 13 18
16 15 14 13
34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36
31 32 33 34 35
31 32 33 36 31 34 35 36
3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 6 1 2 1 3 6 4 5 11 12 7 8 9 7 8 10
9 11 12 10 9 10 7 11 11 8 12 12 7
8 7
16 11 12 9 10
13 18 18 17 16
17 15 15 14 16 13 18 17 16 14 14 13 15 18 13 17 18
17 15 14 13
24 19 20 21 22
30 29 28 27
32 33 34
5 4
3 9
10 15
23 24 20 21 19 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 19 20 19 21 24 23 20 21 24 22 23
25 30 26 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 6 1 5 2 1 6 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3
2 11 12 7 8 9 10 11
17 18 17 16 15 13 18 17 16 14 15 14 17 16 14 13
13 15 18
21 22 23 24 19 20 21 20 21 24 19 22 23 22
24 23
23 24 19 22 20 21
27 26 25 30 25 30 29 27 26
26 28 27
28 29
8 SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

BRAVEL SLOUGH
FR
SALT
SLOUGH
OWENS
CREEK

OWENS CREEK
OWENS
CREEK

OWENS CREEK

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

EAST SIDE BYPASS

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

EAST SIDE BYPASS
EAST
SIDE
BYPASS

JOAQUIN
SAN
RIVER
LAKE
HONDA
ASH
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER

ASH SLOUGH
LAKE
RAMONA
ASH
SLOUGH

OLSON POND

EL NIDO

RESERVOIR
FLAT
POND

MUD SLOUGH
MUD
SLOUGH

LITTLE PANOCHE CREEK

LITTLE PANOCHE CREEK
LOWER

RUTH LAKE
UPPER
RUTH
LAKE

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL
WELL
POND
PEAR
SLOUGH
SLOUGH
MUD

DEEP SLOUGH
CREEK
BEAR
LONE
WILLOW
SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND
LAS
GARZAS
CREEK

LAS GARZAS
CREEK

LOS BANOS
CREEK

LOS BANOS CREEK
FRESNO
RIVER
BEAR
CREEK
QUINTO
CREEK
LOS
BANOS
CREEK
MUD
SLOUGH
FRESNO
RIVER

MUD SLOUGH
LITTLE

BUTTONWILLOW
LAKE

BUTTONWILLOW SLOUGH

FRESNO RIVER

BIG WATER
LAKE

DEEP SLOUGH

FRESNO RIVER

DUCK POND

SAN LUIS

RESERVOIR

BEAR CREEK
BEAR
CREEK
LONE
WILLOW
SLOUGH

BEAR CREEK
SILVER
CREEK

SILVER CREEK

BERENDA
SLOUGH

CHOWCHILLA RIVER

CHOWCHILLA
RIVER

FRESNO RIVER

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

COTTONWOOD
CREEK

CHOWCHILLA
RIVER
MERCED
RIVER
MERCED
RIVER

MERCED RIVER

MERCED RIVER

MERCED RIVER
LITTLE

PANOCHE

RESERVOIR
MUD
SLOUGH
SLOUGH

BERENDA
DUCK
POND

BERENDA
SLOUGH
ASH
SLOUGH

BERENDA
SLOUGH
LOS

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER

NORTH FORK LOS

BANOS CREEK
DRY
CREEK

DRY CREEK

PANOCHE CREEK

PANOCHE
CREEK

PANOCHE
CREEK

PANOCHE CREEK

PANOCHE
CREEK
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER
SOUTH
FORK

LOS BANOS CREEK
SOUTH

FORK LOS BANOS
CREEK

LONE WILLOW
SLOUGH

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER
LITTLE

PANOCHE
CREEK
LITTLE

PANOCHE
CREEK
LOS
BANOS

RESERVOIR

ORESTIMBA
O`NEILL

FOREBAY

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT
CREEK
BANOS
CREEK

ORESTIMBA
CREEK
Stanislaus
Merced
Merced
Fresno
Merced
Santa C lara
M erce d
S an B enito
MercedMadera
Stanislaus
Merced
R.8E
R.9E
R.7 E
R.8 E
R.8 E
R.9 E
R.9 E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.7E
R.8E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.7E
R.8E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10 E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.7E
R.8E
R.8 E
R.9 E
R.9 E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.8 E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12 E
R.13E
R.13 E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15 E
R.8E
R.9E
R.9E
R.10E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12 E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15E
R.15E
R.16E
R.10E
R.11E
R.11E
R.12E
R.11E
R.12E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14 E
R.14 E
R.15 E
R.15 E
R.16 E
R.12E
R.13E
R.13E
R.14E
R.14E
R.15E
R.15E
R.16E
T.4 S
T.5 S
T.5 S
T.6 S
T.5 S
T.6 S
T.5 S
T.6 S
S
7 S T.6 S
T.7 S
T.6 S
T.7 S
T.6 S
T.7 S
T.6 S
T.7 S
T.7 S
T.8 S
T.7 S
T.8 S
T.7 S
T.8 S
T.7 S
T.8 S
T.7 S
T.8 S
T.7 S
T.8 S
T.8 S
T.9 S
T.8 S
T.9 S
T.8 S
T.9 S T.8 S
T.9 S T.8 S
T.9 S
T.8 S
T.9 S
T.8 S
T.9 S
T.9 S
T.10 S T.9 S
T.10 S
T.9 S
T.10 S
T.9 S
T.10 S T.9 S
T.10 S
T.9 S
T.10 S
T.9 S
T.10 S
T.9 S
T.10 S
T.9 S
T.10 S
T.10 S
T.11 S T.10 S
T.11 S
T.10 S
T.11 S
T.10 S
T.11 S
T.10 S
T.11 S
T.10 S
T.11 S
T.10 S
T.11 S
T.11 S
T.12 S
T.11 S
T.12 S
T.11 S
T.12 S
T.11 S
T.12 S
T.11 S
T.12 S
T.11 S
T.12 S
T.11 S
T.12 S
T.12 S
T.13 S
T.12 S
T.13 S
T.12 S
T.13 S
T.12 S
T.13 S
T.12 S
T.13 S
T.12 S
T.13 S
T.12 S
T.13 S
T.13 S
T.14 S
T.13 S
T.14 S T.13 S
T.14 S
T.13 S
T.14 S
T.13 S
T.14 S
T.14 S
T.15 S

V A L E R IA
A V E

S FAITH HO ME RD

W B E L M O N T
AV E
M ST
W
H ST

L OC UST
AVE
L ST W

P OM E LO
AV E

S A V E

M C CLI NTO CK RD

BYS TR UM
RD

VO LTA RD
S
N ST
W

A L M O N D
A V E

EUC ALYPT US RD W
HWY 3 3

MERRILL AVE

BRANNO N AVE

N D O S P A L O S R D
I
ST

SYCAM O RE AVE

S DERRICK AVE
E LG
A
IN
V E

W N EES AVE

PAL M AVE S

W M ERRILL AVE

N FAIRFA X AV E

C E NTER AVE
S

PIONEER RD W
HWY 1 65 S

MERCEY SPRINGS RD S
HWY 3 3

SAN TA NEL LA BLVD S

S N Y D E R R D
W

OLL ER ST
P ST W
4TH
ST
N S T

IN GO MA R R D S

O R E S T I M B A
R D

F R O N T IE R ST
W

HEN RY M IL LER AVE W

HUNT RD S

N SAN DIEG O AVE

N DOUG LA S
AV E

W ASHL AN AVE

SUN SET AVE W
N

HUNT RD S

DO S PA LO S RD

COT TON G IN RD W

SHA IN AVE

V I LLA

FOL SOM AVE
L
ST
BA SS
AVE

CEN TER AVE S

S PRAI RIE FLOWE R R D

EL M AVE

FIALHO AVE W

SAN TA F E GR D

ORANG E AVE

SHIELL S RD

W SHA IN AVE

N D O S PA LOS RD

ARM ST RON G RD

BADGER FL AT RD S

C A P R I AV E
W

W H ER NDON AVE

MO FF ETT RD

N CAM BR IA AVE

FA H E Y R D W

W B ULL ARD AVE

N FAIR FAX
AVE

S M IT CHELL RD

H O Y E R
R D

W M INT AVE
HWY 1 52 W

S CENTR AL AVE

GRAND AVE W

JO HNSON RD
S
I-5
I-5
I-5

DRAPER RD

N LYON AVE

LINDEN AVE W

S A NTA LU CIA
AVE S

W M CK INL EY AVE

HO LST EI N R D W
HWY 1 40 W

BEL L RD

ING OM AR GRD W

KNIEBE S R
S
D

REYNO LDS AVE S

ANDERSON RD

COPA DE ORA AVE W

N O RLEANS AVE

UPPER RD

W S I L A X O AV E

M I DD L E R D
W

CO ZZ I R
S
D

N WASHO E AVE

W L I N W O O D

A V E HI CK ORY
A VE

JEN SEN RD S

W H ARDING RD
E
ST

S M ORG AN RD

L EX ING TO N AV E
S

N DOU GLAS
AV E
FIG
LN

N O XF OR D AVE

N O B L E R D
W

H O B A R T
AV E

E AS TIN
RD

W ALT HEA AVE

N FA IRFA X AVE

ASH AVE

W B E H Y M E R
AV E
CANAL
HWY 1 52 S

SAN M ATEO AVE

M I N T R D W

JULIP R
S
D

H O LL Y
A V E

PACHECO BLVD W

N NEW COM B AVE

H E N R Y M I L L E R
AV E W

N LYON AVE
I-5 W
H ST W

TERCEIR A RD S

AUGUST RD

W S A N

J O S E A V E

PIONEER RD W

S H Y ST
S
ERS RD

ES THER AV E
S
ELGIN
AVE

E M O R Y A V E
W
HWY 3 3 S

E M A R S H A L L R D

W G E T T Y S B U R G
A V E

K IL B U R N R D

CANAL SCHO OL RD S

W SHIELDS AVE

S BL AKER RD

W M AR SHA LL RD

LODI RD
S

W L INWO OD AVE

S OHI O
AVE

M O R R IS
RD

L U N DY
R D

S IM M O N S
R D

W V A L E RI A A V E

B R A D B U R Y
R D

P U M P
R D

C H E R RY
AV E

N CUST ER
AVE

CU STER
AVE

TUL IP AV
HWY 1 40 W

P RINCE R
S
D

E H R LI C H R D

S U L L IVA N
R D

W ARD R
S
D

H U T C H I N S R D W

PARADISE AVE

W C ARM EL LIA AVE

DEN TON & LEAK RD W

W M ILL ER AVE

ROXBURY RD W

D IE H L
R D

S H A IN
A V E

SIM MO NS R D

CARM EL LIA AVE W

AUBR EY AV E
S

C Y P R E S S R D
W

W H A R D I N G R D
A C IA
A V E

EL AINE RD

WEST MA IN ST

E U C A L Y P T U S R D
W

W SIM MO NS R D

C H E R R Y
A V E

G U N C L U B R D W

TAGL IO RD W

ARROYA AVE S

RUBLE RD
N SA N

B ERNAR DINO AVE

ORTIG ALITA RD
S
L U X
A V E

N EL G IN AV E

N DAVID SO N AVE

H O Y E R
R D

MI LLS RD
S

N E VANS
AVE

ALM OND DR W

N BRA NNON RD

MO FF ETT RD

PHIL LIPS RD W

MO FFAT T RD S

CHINA CAM P RD W

FENTEM RD W

G A Y S T
W

DIANA RD S

W E S T
R D

N NEW COM B AVE
N SAN

DIEGO AVE

INDIANA AVE S

N JERRO LD AVE

N HU DSON
AV E

LEWIS RD
BRYANT
AVE

C L A U S E N
R D

N M ILL UX RD

M A SO N R D W

P U M P R D W

WIL LIS R D S

E S T U H R
R D

N HUD SO N AVE

CARLUCCI RD
S

PF IT ZER RD W

N JE R RO LD AV
I
E

SL AN D
AVE

S DERRICK AVE
DO DDS

EHR LICH RD

JEN NING S RD

WANGEN HE IM

RD TA G L IO R D
W

RAM OS R D W

W K EY AVE

P R E S T O N R D W

A P R IC O T AVE
HWY 1 52 S

HALE RD

B AT T E N RD W

V OLTA R
S
D

N FA IRFA X AVE

A Z EV ED O
R D

W B R A D B U R Y
R D

L EO TA S T
S

BRAZO R D W

DEN TON & LEAK RD W

W C O P P E R
A V E

W O XALIS AVE

W C A L I F O R N I A
A V E

S A N TA R IT A G R D W

R O M E R O R D W

PF IT ZER RD W
S SAN

BERNAR DINO AVE

W S A N J O S E A V E

PAL M AVE S

D O S P A L O S
R D

S CA RPE NT E R RD

N RUSSELL AVE

AZEVEDO RD S

ORCHAR D RD S

H U S M A N R D
W

M ILLUX
AVE

MERVEL AVE W

C A C T U S D R
W

L A G U N A R D
W

JER SEY RD S

NANTES AVE S

N M ILL UX RD

N JERRO LD
AVE

A P P L E
A V E

HIL MA R RD

HARVEY RD

V ENI CE
RD

J O R G E N S E N R D
W

CANYON RD S

N O HIO AVE

RAM OS R D S

N HUD SO N AVE

W W HITESBRIDGE AVE
N SAN

BERNAR DINO AVE

W O R T H I N G T O N R D
W

GUN CLU B RD W

WIL SON RD S

B O R B A R D
W

W O LIVE AVE

R O S E G A R D E N
R D W

NEW SO M RD
S

H A L E Y R D W

LOC KE AVE

CLEM ENT AVE S

ALM OND DR W

CR EE K RD S

JOHNSO N RD S
I-5 S

M AD E RA
R D

N BR ANNON
RD

F I N K R D

ORCHAR D RD S

W IKE CROW RD

W H A R D IN G R D
HOG IN

H E A RST R D W

HEL M CA NAL RD

P OL E L IN ERD S

W O RM SBY AVE

RIVER RD

SAN TA F E GR D W

S SAN BENIT O AVE

W A RD R D
S

C A T R IN A S T W
HWY 1 52

WOO R D S

C HE RO K EE RD

W PANO CHE RD

M OR AGA AVE S

ING OM AR GRD W

WASHING TO N R D W

WARD AVE

SAN TA F E GR D W MEDL IN RD

AUGUST RD

JORG ENSEN RD

SW IF T AVE S

W I L D D UC K R D S

W W H IT E S B R ID G E A V E

HUSMAN RD W

SA N TA F E G R D

SAN TA CRU Z GUN CL UB R D S
C AMP 1 3 R D W

PO L E L IN E R D W
I-5 S

SAN TA F E GR D W

CRO WS LA NDING RD

PO M EG RANATE AVE

PEAR AVE
F I G
A V E
HWY 1 52 W
HWY 3 3 S

DAVIS RD

W H E R N D O N
AV E

MO RAN RD

MO RAN RD

W ST UHR RD

PE TE M IL LER R D

HIL LS FERRY RD

I NDI A NA RD S

ALFALFA
R D

O L D L AS

PA L M AS AVE

N DOUG LA S
AVE

P R U N E
A V E

FREITAS RD

J T C RO W R D
H W Y 1 4 0 W HWY 1 40 W

B L U E H IL L

H EL M D IT C H R D

F IN K R D

W SHAW AVE

SCH MIDT RD S

P E T E M ILL E R R D

COT TON RD W

B UN K E R R D
W

O RE ST IM BA R D

C O T T O N W O O D R D
W

CHARL EST ON RD W

WHITW ORT H RD S

HALL OW EL L RD

NET HERTO N RD W

N RUSSELL AVE

N G ALVEZ AVE

MAN UCHA R D

DO DDS RD
Firebaugh
Mendota
Denair
Newman
Turlock
Atwater
Delhi
Dos
Palos
Gustine
Hilmar-Irwin
Livingston
Los
Banos
0 1 2
.
4 6 8
Miles
FIGURE 52 - INTERCONNECTED GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATER

DELTA-MENDOTA

SUBBASIN
REACH 5
REACH 4B
REACH 4A
REACH 3
REACH 2B
Mendota Dam
Sack Dam
Sand Slough
EXPLANATION:

SJREC GSP Group
Delta-Mendota Subbasin
Interconnected Reach
SJRRP Designated
River Reach
136
1122
137

KNOWN GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION SITES
Figure 53 shows known contamination sites that were taken from the Regional Water Quality Control Board Geotracker website. Included are leaking underground storage tank (LUST) cleanup sites where groundwater was locally contaminated, and one Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) cleanup site north of Los Banos.

Other cleanup sites are for landfills or other types of sources that have affected groundwater. Overall, the groundwater contamination within these sites is indicated to be localized, and only in the shallow groundwater.

REFERENCES
Cole, R.C., et al, 1952, "Soil Survey of the Los Banos Area, California", U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry, Soils, and Agr. Eng. Service 1939, No. 12, 119 p.

Croft, M.G. 1969, Subsurface Geology of the Late Tertiary and Quaternary Water Bearing Deposits of the Southern Part of the San Joaquin Valley, California, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report, Menlo Park, Calif, 63 p.

Davis, G.H., 1961, "Geologic Control of Mineral Composition of Stream Waters of the Eastern Slope of the Southern Coast Ranges, California", U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1535-B, 30 p.

Davis, G.H., and J.F. Poland, 1957, "Ground-Water Conditions in the Mendota-Huron Area, Fresno and Kings Counties, California", U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1360-G, pp 409-588.

Davis, G.H., et al, 1959, "Groundwater Conditions and Storage Capacity in the San Joaquin Valley, California", U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1469, 287 p.
1123

VALERIA
AVE

S FAITH HOM E RD

W BELMO NT
AVE
M S T
W
H ST
CUST
VE

L S T W
POMELO
AVE

MC CLINTOCK RD

VOLTA RD
S
N ST
W
ALMOND
AVE

EUCALY PTUS RD W
HWY 33

MERRILL AV E

BRANNON AVE

N D OS PA LOS RD
I
ST
RE AVE

S DE RRICK AV E
ELG
AV
IN
E

W NE ES AVE

PALM AV E S

W M ERRILL AV E

N FAIRFAX AVE

CE NTER AVE
S

PIONE ER RD W
HWY 165 S

MERCEY SP RINGS RD S
HWY 33

SANTA NELLA BLVD S

SNYDE R RD
W

OLLER S T
P ST W
4TH
ST
N ST

INGOM AR RD S

ORESTIM BA
RD

FRONTIE R ST
W

HE NRY MILLER AVE W

HUNT RD S

N SAN DIEG O AV E

N DO UGLAS
AVE

W ASHLAN AV E

SUNS ET AVE W

N D OS PALOS R D

HUNT RD S

COTTON GIN RD W

SHAIN AVE
VILLA

FO LSOM AV E
L
ST
BASS
AVE

CE NTE R AVE S

S PRAIRIE FLOWER R D
LM AVE

FIALHO AVE W

SANTA FE GRD

SHIE LLS RD

W S HAIN AVE

N DOS PALOS RD

ARMS TRONG RD

BADGER FLAT RD S

CAPRI AVE
W

W HE RNDON AV E

MOFFETT RD

N CAM BRIA AV E

FAHEY RD W

W BULLARD AVE

N FAIRFA X
AVE

S MITCHE LL RD
HOYER
RD

W M INT AV E
HWY 152 W

S CE NTRAL AVE

GRAND AV E W

JO HNSON RD
S
I-5 I-5
I-5

DRAPER RD

N LY ON AV E

LINDEN AVE W

SANTA LUCIA
AVE S

W M CKINLEY AV E

H OLSTEIN RD W
HWY 140 W

BE LL RD

INGOM AR GRD W

KNIEBES R
S
D

RE YNOLDS AVE S

ANDERSON RD

COPA DE ORA AV E W

N ORLEANS AVE

UP PER RD

W SILA XO AVE

MIDDLE RD
W

COZZI R
S
D

N WASHOE AVE

W LINWOO D

AVE HICKORY
AVE

JENS EN RD S

W HARDING RD
E
ST

S MORGAN RD

LEXINGTO N AVE
S

N DOUGLAS
AVE
FIG
LN

N OXFO RD AVE

NOBLE RD
W
HOBART
AVE
EASTIN
RD

W ALTHEA AVE

N FAIRFAX AV E

W BEHYMER
AVE
CANAL
HWY 152 S

SAN M ATEO AVE

MINT RD W

JULIP R
S
D

PACHECO BLVD W

N NEWCOMB AVE

HENRY MILLER
AVE W

N LY ON AV E
I-5 W

TE RCE IRA RD S
H ST W

AUGUST RD
W SAN

JOSE AVE

PIONE ER RD W
SHY ST
S

ESTH ER AVE
S
ELG IN
AVE

EMO RY AVE
W
HWY 33 S

E MARSHALL RD

W GETTYSBURG
AVE

KILBURN RD

CANAL SCHOOL RD S

W S HIE LDS AVE

S BLAKER RD

W M ARS HALL RD

LO DI RD
S

W LINWOOD AVE
S OHIO
AVE
MORRIS
RD
LUNDY
RD

SIMMONS
RD

W VALE RIA AVE

BRA DBURY
RD
P UMP
RD
CHERRY
AVE

N CUSTE R
AVE

CUSTE R
AVE

TULIP AV
HWY 140 W

PR INCE R
S
D

EHRLICH RD

SULLIVAN
RD
WARD R
S
D

HUTCHINS RD W

PARADISE AVE

W CARMELLIA AV E

DE NTON & LE AK RD W

W M ILLER AVE

ROX BURY RD W
DIEHL
RD
SHAIN
AVE

SIMM ONS RD

CARMELLIA AV E W

A UBREY AVE
S

CYPRESS RD
W

W HARDING RD

ELAINE RD

EUCALYPTUS RD
W

W S IMM ONS RD
CHERRY
AVE

GU N CLUB RD W

TAGLIO RD W

ARROYA AVE S

RUBLE RD
N S AN

B ERNARDINO AVE

ORTIGALITA RD
S
LUX
AVE

N ELGIN AVE

N DAVIDSON AVE
HO YER
RD

MILLS RD
S

N EVANS
AVE

ALM OND DR W

N BRANNON RD

MOFFETT RD

PHILLIP S RD W

MOFFATT RD S

CHINA CAM P RD W

FE NTEM RD W

G AY ST
W

DIANA RD S
WEST
RD

N NEWCOMB AVE
N SAN

DIEG O AVE

INDIANA AV E S

N JERRO LD AVE

N HUD SO N
AVE

LE WIS RD
BRYANT
AVE

CLAU SEN
RD

N MILLUX RD

MASON RD W

PUMP RDW

WILLIS RD S

E STUHR
R D

N HUDS ON AVE

CARLUCCI RD
S

PFITZER RD W

N JERROLD AVE
ISLAND
AVE

S DE RRICK AV E
DODDS

EHRLICH RD

WANGENHEI M

RD TAGLIO RD
W

RAMOS RD W

W KE Y AVE

PRESTON RD W

APRICOT AV E
HWY 152 S

HALE RD

BATTEN RD W

V OLTA R
S
D

N FAIRFAX AV E

AZEVEDO
RD

W BRA DBURY
RD

LEOTA ST
S

BRAZO RD W

DE NTON & LE AK RD W

W COPPER
AVE

W O XALIS AVE

W CALIFORNIA
AVE

SANTA RITA GRD W

RO MERO RD W

PFITZER RD W
S S AN

BE RNAR DINO AVE

W SAN JO SE AVE

PALM AV E S

DOS PALOS
RD

S CARPENTER RD

N RUS SE LL AV E

AZE VEDO RD S

ORCHARD RD S

HUSMAN RD
W
MILLUX
AVE

MERVE L AV E W

CACTUS DR
W

LAGUNA RD
W

JERS EY RD S

NANTES AVE S

N MILLUX RD

N JERRO LD
AVE
A PPLE
AVE

HILMAR RD

HARVEY RD
VENICE
RD

JORGENSEN RD
W

CANYON RD S

N OHIO AV E

RAMOS RD S

N HUDS ON AVE

W W HITES BRIDGE AVE
N SAN

BERNARD INO AVE

WORTHINGTON RD
W

GUN CLUB RD W

WILS ON RD S

BORBA RD
W

W O LIV E AVE

ROSE GA RDEN
RD W

N EWSOM RD
S

HALEY RD W

LO CKE AVE

CLE MENT AVE S

ALM OND DR W

CREE K RD S

JOHNSON RD S
I-5 S
MADERA
RD

N BRANNON
RD

FINK RD

ORCHARD RD S

W IKE CROW RD

W HARDING RD
HOGIN

HE ARSTRD W

HE LM CANAL RD

POLE LINERD S

W O RM SBY AVE

RIVE R RD

SANTA FE GRD W

S SAN BENITO AVE

WARD RD
S

CATRI NA ST W
HWY 152

WOO RD S

C HEROK EE RD

W PANOCHE RD

MORAG A AVE S

INGOM AR GRD W

WASHINGTON RD W

RD AV E

SANTA FE GRD W

MEDLIN RD

AUGUST RD

JORGENSE N RD

SWIFT AVE S

WILD DUCK RD S

W WH ITESBRIDGE AVE

HUSM AN RD W

S ANTA FE GRD

SANTA CRUZ GUN CLUB RD S
CAMP 13 RD W

P OLE LINE RD W
I-5 S

SANTA FE GRD W

CROWS LAND NI G RD

POME GRANATE AV E

PEAR AV E
HWY 152 W
HWY 33 S

DAV IS RD

W HE RNDO N
AVE

MORAN RD MORAN RD

W S TUHR RD

P ETE MILLER RD

HILLS FE RRY RD

INDIANA RD
A
S
LFALFA
RD

N DOUG LAS
AVE
PRUNE
AVE

FRE ITAS RD

J T CROW RD
HWY 1 40 W
HWY 140 W

BLUE HILL

HELM DITCH RD

FINK RD

W S HAW AVE

SCHM IDT RD S

PETE MILLE R RD

COTTON RD W

BUNKER RD
W

ORESTIM BA RD

CO TTONW OOD RD
W

CHARLE STON RD W

WHITWORTH RD S

HALLOWELL RD

NE THE RTON RD W

N RUS SE LL AV E

N GALV EZ AVE

MANUCHA RD

DODDS RD
Stanislaus
Merced
Stanislaus
Merced
Fresno
S
Merced
anta Cl
ra
Merced
Madera
Stanislaus
Merced
AQUIN
R
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

BRAVEL SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
OWENS
CREEK

OWENS CREEK
OWENS
CREEK

OWENS CREEK
OWENS
CREEK

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER

SAN JOAQUIN
RIVER

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

EAST SIDE BYPASS

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

EAST SIDE BYPASS
EAST
SIDE
BYPASS

JOAQUIN
SAN
RIVER
LAKE
HONDA
ASH
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER

ASH SLOUGH
AKE
MONA
ASH
SLOUGH

OLSON POND

EL NIDO

RESERVOIR
FLAT
POND
ASH
SLOUGH

MUD SLOUGH
MUD
SLOUGH

LITTLE PANOCHE CREEK

HE CREEK
LOWER

RUTH LAKE
UPPER
RUTH
LAKE

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL

DELTA MENDOTA
CANAL
WELL
POND
PEAR
SLOUGH
SLOUGH
MUD

DEEP SLOUGH
CREEK
BEAR
LONE
WILLOW
SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
SALT
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND
LAS
GARZAS
CREEK

LAS GARZAS
CREEK

LOS BANOS
CREEK

LOS BANOS CREEK
FRESNO
RIVER
BEAR
CREEK
QUINTO
CREEK
LOS
BANOS
CREEK
MUD
SLOUGH
FRESNO
RIVER

MUD SLOUGH
LITTLE

BUTTONWILLOW
LAKE

BUTTONWILLOW SLOUGH

FRESNO RIVER

BIG WATER
LAKE

DEEP SLOUGH

FRESNO RIVER

DUCK POND

SAN LUIS

RESERVOIR

BEAR CREEK
BEAR
CREEK
LONE
WILLOW
SLOUGH

BEAR CREEK

BERENDA
SLOUGH

CHOWCHILLA RIVER

CHOWCHILLA
RIVER

FRESNO RIVER

EAST SIDE
BYPASS

COTTONWOOD
CREEK

CHOWCHILLA
RIVER

COTTONWOOD
CREEK
MERCED
RIVER
MERCED
RIVER

MERCED RIVER

MERCED RIVER

MERCED RIVER
LITTLE

PANOCHE

RESERVOIR
MUD
SLOUGH

BERENDA
SLOUGH
DUCK
POND

BERENDA
SLOUGH
ASH
SLOUGH

BERENDA
SLOUGH
LOS

BERENDA
SLOUGH

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER
BEAR
CREEK

NORTH FORK LOS

BANOS CREEK
DRY
CREEK

DRY CREEK

PANOCHE
CREEK

PANOCHE
CREEK

PANOCHE CREEK PANOCHE
CREEK
SAN

JOAQUIN
RIVER
SOUTH
FORK

LOS BANOS CREEK
SOUTH

FORK LOS BA
CREEK

LONE WILLOW
SLOUGH

SAN JOAQUIN RIVER
LITTLE

PANOCHE
CREEK
LITTLE

PANOCHE
CREEK
LOS
BANOS

RESERVOIR

FRESNO RIVER

ORESTIMBA
O`NEILL

FOREBAY

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT

CALIFORNIA

AQUEDUCT
CREEK
BANOS
CREEK

ORESTIMBA
CREEK
33 34
35 36
31 6
5 4 3 2 1 6
5 4
7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9
18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16
19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21
22 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28
27 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34
6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3
2 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10
11 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14
19 20 21 22 23
24 19 20 21 22 23
24 30
29 28
27 26
29 30 25 28 27 26
25 32 33 34 35
36 31
32 33 34 35 36
5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1
6 8
9 10 11 12
8 7
9 10 11 12
7 17
16 15 14 13 18 17
16 15 14 13 18
17 16
20 21 22 23
24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20
22 21
28 27 26 25 30
29 28
27 26 25 30 29 28 27
26 25 29
33 34 35 36 31 32
33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32
33 34
4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4
3 2 9
10 11 12 8 7 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7
15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17
22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 27
26 25 30 29 28 27
26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26
35 36 31 32 33 34
35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 2
1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 12
7 8 9
10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 18
17 16 15 14 13 18 16 17 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 20
21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 22 23 21 24 19 20 28
27 26 25 30 29 28 27
26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29
28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30
29 28
34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34
35 36 31 32
33 3
2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6
5 4
3 2 1 6 5 4
3 11
12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 10 11 7 12 8 9 7 8 9 10 11 13
18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13 18 17 16 15 14 13
18 14 13 17 15 18 16 17 16 15
14 19
20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 20 21 22 23 24 19 24 20 23 21 19 22 20 21 22 23
24 29
28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 25 27 30 26 29 28 30 27 26
25 33
34 35 36 31 32 33
12 7 8 12 7 9 8 9 10 7 11 12 10
11 8 9 10 11
14 13 18
16 15 14 13
34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36
31 32 33 34 35
31 32 33 36 31 34 35 36
3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 6 1 2 1 3 6 4 5 11 12 7 8 9 7 8 10 9 11 12 10 9 10 7 11 11 8 12 12 7
8 7
16 11 12 9 10
13 18 18 17 16
17 15 15 14 16 13 18 17 16 14 14 13 15 18 13 17 18
17 15 14 13
24 19 20 21 22
30 29 28 27
32 33 34
5 4
3 9
10 15
23 24 20 21 19 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 19 20 19 21 24 23 20 21 24 22 23
25 30 26 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 26 25 30 29 28 27 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 32 33 34 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 6 1 5 2 1 6 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3
2 11 12 7 8 9 10 11
17 18 17 16 15 13 18 17 16 14 15 14 17 16 14 13
13 15 18
21 22 23 24 19 20 21 20 21 24 19 22 23 22
24 23 23 24 19 22 20 21
27 26 25 30 25 30 29 27 26
26 28 27
28 29
8 Firebaugh
Mendota
Newman
Atwater
Delhi
Dos
Palos
Gustine
Hilmar-Irwin
Livingston
Los
Banos
")
")
")
")
")
")
")
")")
")
")
")
")
")
")
")
")
")")
")")
")")
")
")
")
#*
#*
#*
0 1 2 4 6 8
Miles
.

DELTA-MENDOTA

SUBBASIN
FIGURE 54 - KNOWN GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION SITES
EXPLANATION:
#* DTSC Cleanup Site
") LUST Cleanup Site
") Cleanup Program Site
138 53
1124
139
Harradine, F.F., et al, 1956, "Soil Survey, Mendota Area, California", U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service Series 1940, No. 18, 96 p.

Hotchkiss, W.R., and G.O. Balding, 1971, "Geology, Hydrology, and Water Quality of the Tracy-Dos Palos Area", U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report, Menlo Park, California, 107 p.

Ireland, R.L., Poland, J.F., and F.S. Riley, 1984, "Land Subsidence in the San Joaquin Valley, California, as of 1980", U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 437-I, 193 p.

Kenneth D. Schmidt and Associates, 1997a, "Groundwater Conditions in and near the Central California Irrigation District", report prepared for the Central California Irrigation District, 67 p.

Kenneth D. Schmidt and Associates, 1997b, "Groundwater Flows in the San Joaquin River Exchange Contractors Service Area", prepared for San Joaquin River Exchange Contractors, Los Banos, California, 65 p.

Kenneth D. Schmidt and Associates, 2007, "Groundwater Conditions in the Firebaugh Canal Water District and CCID Camp 13 Drainage District", prepared for SJRECWA, Los Banos, California, 50 p.

Kenneth D. Schmidt and Associates, 2008, "Updated 3030 Groundwater Management Plan for the San Joaquin River Exchange contractors", prepared for SJRECWA, Los Banos, California, 24 p.

Luhdorff & Scalmanini, 1993, "Results of Aquifer Tests near Mendota Pool", report prepared for U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.

Luhdorff & Scalmanini and KOSA, 2013, "2017 Annual Report, Mendota Pool Group Pumping and Monitoring Program", prepared for SJRECWA, Paramount Farming Co., and MPG.

Meade, R.H., 1968, "Compaction of Sediments Underlying Areas of Land Subsidence in Central California", U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 497-D, 39 p.

Miller, R.E., Green, J.H., and G.H. Davis, 1971, "Geology of the Compacting Deposits in the Los Banos-Kettleman City Subsidence Area, California", U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 497- E, 46 p.
1125
140
Mitten, H.T, LeBlanc, R.A., and G.L. Bertoldi, 1970, "Geology Hydrology, and Quality of Water in the Madera Area, San Joaquin Valley, California", U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report, Menlo Park, California, 49 p.

Page R.W., 1986, "Geology of the Fresh Groundwater Basin, Central Valley, California", U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1401-C, 54p.

Page R.W., 1973, "Base of Fresh Groundwater (Approximately 3,000 Micromhos) in the San Joaquin Valley, California", U.S. Geological Survey, Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-469.

Prokopovitch, N.P., 1969, "Land Subsidence Along Delta-Mendota Canal, California", Rock Mechanics, 1, pp 134-144.

Ulrich R, and L.K. Stromberg, 1962, "Soil Survey, Madera Area, California", U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service (reprinted 12/90), 155 p.
1126

APPENDIX A

WATER-LEVEL HYDROGRAPHS
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LONG TERM WATER LEVEL AND PUMPAGE HYDROGRAPH FOR
THE DISTRICT WELL NO. 4 IN THE NEWMAN W ELL FIELD
(AB3030 SUB AREA-A)
3000
2500
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THE DISTRICT WELL NO. SA IN HIE HEADGATE WELL FIELD
{AB3030 SUB AREA-G)
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THE DISTRICT WELL NO. 9A IN THE COLONY WELL FIHD
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3000
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THE DISTRICT W ELL NO. llA IN TH E COLONY WELL FIELD
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THE DISTRICT WELL NO. 12D IN THE HEADGATE W ELL FIELD
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THE DISTRICT WELL NO. 13 IN THE NEWMAN WELL FIELD
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THE DISTRICT W ELL NO. 15B IN THE HEADGATE W ELL FIELD
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TH E DISTRICT W ELL NO. 16C IN THE HEADGATE W ELL FIELD (AB3030 SUB AREA-G)
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TH E DISTRICT W ELL NO. 27A IN THE QUINTO W ELL FIIELD
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THE DISTRICT WELL NO. 33B IN THIE PARSONS WIELl FIELD
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THE DISTRICT WELL NO. 35A IN THE HEADGATE WELL FIELD
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LONG TERM WATER LEVEL AND PUMPAGE HYDROGRAPH FOR
THE DISTRICT WELL NO. 36 IN THE NEWMAN WELL FIELD
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THE DISTRICT W ELL NO. 37 A IN THE POSO WELL FIELD
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