A PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES INVESTIGATION
AND PALEONTOLOGICAL OVERVIEW FOR
TENTATIVE TRACT MAP NO. 37858,
CITY OF MORENO VALLEY,
RIVERSIDE COUNTY,
CALIFORNIA
Prepared for:
RC HOBBS COMPANIES
Attn: Roger Hobbs, President
1428 E. Chapman Avenue
Orange, California 92866
Prepared by:
McKENNA et al.
6008 Friends Avenue
Whittier, California 90601-3724
(562) 696-3852
[email protected]
Author and Principal Investigator: Jeanette A. McKenna, MA/RPA/HonDL
Job No. 01-20-03-2052
March 18, 2020
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................. ii
LIST OR TABLES ................................................................................................... ii
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1
PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................... 1
LOCATION AND SETTING .................................................................................... 4
CULTURE HISTORY BACKGROUND ................................................................... 7
METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................... 13
EVALUATION CRITERIA ....................................................................................... 14
PREVIOUS RESEARCH ........................................................................................ 16
RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATIONS .................................................................. 19 Cultural Resources .............................................................................................. 19 Paleontological Resources .................................................................................. 20 Native American Consultation ............................................................................. 20
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................... 20
CERTIFICATION .................................................................................................... 21
REFERENCES ....................................................................................................... 22
APPENDICES:
A. Professional Qualifications ............................................................................. A-1 B. Archaeological Records Search ..................................................................... B-1 C. Native American Consultation ......................................................................... C-1 D. Paleontological Overview ................................................................................ D-1 E. Photographic Record ..................................................................................... E-1 F. Supplemental Research Data ........................................................................ F-1
ii
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
1. Tentative Tract Map No. 37858 .................................................................... 2
2. USGS Sunnymead Quadrangle (rev. 1980) Illustrating the Location of TTM 37858 ................................................................................ 3
3. General Location of the Project Area ........................................................... 4
4. A Portion of Map No. 1 – Bear Valley & Alessandro Development Co., Illustrating Block 133, Lot 6 (1890; SB Co. Map Book 11, Pg. 10 ................ 5
5. Parcel Map No. 8114 (1977) Illustrating the Subdivision of Lot 6, Block 133, BV&AD Co., by Perris No. 15, LP .............................................. 12
LIST OF TABLES
Page
1. Cultural Resources Studies Completed within One Mile of TTM No. 37858 ............................................................................................ 17
2. Cultural Resources Recorded within One Mile of TTM No. 37858 .............. 18
3. UTM Coordinates Defining the Project Area Boundaries ............................. 19
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 1
A PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCES INVESTIGATION
AND PALEONTOLOGICAL OVERVIEW FOR
TENTATIVE TRACT MAP NO. 37858,
CITY OF MORENO VALLEY,
RIVERSIDE COUNTY,
CALIFORNIA
by,
Jeanette A. McKenna, Principal
McKenna et al., Whittier CA
INTRODUCTION
This Phase I cultural resources investigation and paleontological overview for Tentative Tract Map. No. 37858, in the City of Moreno Valley, Riverside County, California, was conducted by McKenna et al. (Appendix A) at the request of Robert Beers, Jurupa Valley, representing RC Hobbs Companies of Orange, California. Jeanette A. McKenna (M.A., RPA), Principal Investigator for McKenna et al., supervised this project and was assisted by David Asplund (B.A.) and Breidy Quespi Vilcahuaman (M.A.). These investigations were conducted between January, 2020, and March, 2020, for compliance with the Cali- fornia Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), as amended , and local policies pertaining to the identification and treatment of potentially significant cultural resources (City of Moreno Valley General Plan 2006 – and currently being updated).
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Tentative Tract Map No. 37858 is located on the north side of Cactus Avenue, between Moreno Beach Drive and Quincey Street. T he 4.81 acres is currently vacant and the proposed project involves the 38 single family residential lots averaging 45 feet by 72 feet in size. The main access to the development will be off Cactus Avenue via the existing Bradshaw Circle roadway (Figure 1 ). The tract map is designed to define the property boundaries. No specific residential plans have been developed or submitted for ap- proval. The current zoning is “R5” and the proposed zoning is “R10.” This zone change will require a General Plan Amend ment and, as such, also a level of consultation with local Native American representatives consistent and compliant with SB -18 and AB-52.
The City of Moreno Valley is acting as the Lead Agency for this consultation process.
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 2
Figure 1. Tentative Tract Map No. 37858.
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20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 3
LOCATION AND SETTING
The current project area is located in the western Riverside County, California, and within the City of Moreno Valley. More specifically, the property is located within Township 3 South, Range 3 West, and the northwest quarter of Section 14 (Figure 2). This area is located south of the 60 Freeway; east of Moreno Beach Drive; and on the north side of Cactus Drive (Figure 3).
Figure 2. USGS Sunnymead Quadrangle (rev. 1980) Illustrating the Location of TTM 37858.
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 4
Figure 3. General Location of the Project Area.
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20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 5 The City of Moreno Valley is located in a northwestern extension of both the San Jacinto Valley and Perris Valley. It is bounded to the north and northwest by the Box Springs Mountains and to the southeast by the San Jacinto Mountains. Mt. Russell, part of the San Jacinto Mountains, is southeast of the current project area. T he City is directly as- sociated with the geology of the larger Perris Plain , extending west and northwest from the San Jacinto Mountains (Norris and Webb 1990:288). The Moreno Valley area, below the Box Springs Mountains, is described by Norris and Webb as:
“... a broad, nearly flat surface dotted with bedrock hills ... this plain has an average elevation of about 520 meters (1700 feet) ... The numerous bed- rock hills that interrupt its surface have been described as residual knobs of resistant rock, which survived prolonged erosion (monadnocks). It has been suggested that a surface of low relief was developed on the crystalline bedrock, leaving behind the scattered monadnocks.”
The Moreno Valley is also equated with the geomorphologic Peninsula Ranges of South- ern California (Norris and Webb 1990:288) with Cretaceous and pre -Cretaceous materi- als that include limestone, schist, and gneiss. Igneous rock includes the intrusive gab- bros, quartz diorite, tonalite, and/or grano diorite. Post-Cretaceous rocks include crystal- lines, sandstones, siltstones, and conglomerates. Quaternary deposits include volcan- ics and coastal marine terraces (Norris and Webb 1990:281-283; see McKenna 2009:6).
Hot springs, in this case associated with the San Jacinto and Elsinore Fault Zones, were known and utilized by prehistoric and historic populations. Kneicht (1971) mapped this area of western Riverside County and identified the area of Pigeon Pass Road as con- sisting of MmD2 soils; MmC2; HcC; CkF2; and Rtf soils, interpreted as:
MmD2 Monserate Sandy Loam on 5-8o slopes
MmC2 Monserate Sandy Loam on 8-15 o slopes
HcC Hanford Coarse Sany Loan on 2-8 o slopes
CkF2 Cieneba Rocky Sandy Loam on 15-20 o slopes
RtF Rocky Land (exposed granitic outcrops)
The recently prepared paleontological overview for the project area (McLeod 2020) iden- tified the surficial deposits as consisting of younger Quaternary alluvial deposits derived from the hills to the nort h (Box Springs Mountains). These coarser younger deposits overlay the older Quaternary alluvial deposits, described as “finer -grained” and likely to be fossil bearing.
With respect to vegetation, t his area of Southern California is located near the western boundary Sonoran desert (MacMahon 1987:34). Flora native to the Sonoran Desert in- clude: Creosote Bush (Larrea tridentata), White Bur Sage (Ambrosia dumosa), Bur Sage
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 6 (Ambrosia deltoides), Big G alleta (Hilaria rigida), Indigo Bush ( Psorothamnus schottii), Mormon Tea ( Ephedra spp.), Pencil Cholla (Opuntia ramosissima ), Velvet Mesquite (Prosopis velutina), Desert Sand Verbena ( Abronia villosa), Desert Sunflower (Geraea canescens), Graythorn (Ziziphus obtusifolia), Beavertail Cactus (Opuntia basilaris), Blue Palo Verde (Cercidium floridum),
Ocotillo ( Fouquieria splendens ), Golden Cholla ( Opuntia echinocarpa ), Barrel Cactus (Ferocactus acanthodes), Desert Ironwood (Olneya tesota), Teddybear Cholla (Opuntia bigelovii), Hedgehog Cactus (Echinocereus engelmannii), Desert Agave (Agave deserti), Trixis (Trixis californica), Chuparosa ( Beloperone californica), Desert Lavender ( Hyptis emoryi), Sweetbush ( Bebbia juncea ), Buckhorn Cholla ( Opuntia acanthocarpa ), Cane Cholla (Opunita spinosior), Jumping Cholla (Opuntia fulgida), Prickly Pear Cactus (Opun- tia phaeacantha), Desert Christmas Cactus (Opuntia leptocaulis), Night-blooming Cereus (Cereus greggii), Fishhook Cactus (Mammilaria microcarpa), Fishhook Barrel Cactus (Fe- rocactus wislizenii), Organ Pipe Cactus (Cereus thurberi), and Senita (Cereus schottii).
Also associated with the Desert are the Whitehorn Acacia ( Acacia constricta ), Fairy Duster (Calliabdra eriphylla), Limber Bush (Jatropha cardiophylla), Jojoba (Simmondisa chinenis), Ratany (Krameria pavifolia), Desert Buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum), Pa- perflower (Psilostrophe cooperi), Desert Willow Chilopsis linearis), Desert Broom ( Bac- charis sarothroides), Dock ( Rumex hymenosepalus), Canyon Ragweed ( Ambrosia am- brosioides), Desert Hackberry ( Celtis pallida), Mexican Jumping Bean ( Sapium bilocu- lare), Elephant Tree ( Bursera microphylla), Boojum Tree ( Fouquieria columnaris), Mag- uey (Agave shawii), Cardon (Cereus pringelei), Ball Moss (Tillandsia recurvata), the Mex- ican Palo Verde (Parkinsonia aculeata), and Crucifixion Thorn (Canotia holacantha).
Mammals include coyotes ( Canis latrans ), badgers ( Taxidea taxus ), Black -tailed Jack Rabbit ( Lepus californicus ), Desert Cottontail ( Sylvilagus audubonii ), Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis ), Round -tailed Ground Squirrel ( Spermophilus tereticanudus ), Rock Squirrel (Spermophilus variegatus), White-tailed Antelope Squirrel ( Ammospermophilus leucurus), Harris’ Antelope Squirrel ( Ammospermophilus harrissii), Kit Fox ( Vulpes ma- crotis), Merriam’s Kangaroo Rat ( Dipodomys merriami), Desert Kangaroo Rat ( Dipodo- mys deserti), Ord’s Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys ordii), Banner-tailed Kangaroo Rat (Dipo- dymys spectabilis), Desert Pocket Mouse (Perognathus penicillatus), Rock Pocket Mouse (Perognathus intermedius ), Bailey’s Pocket Mouse ( Perognathus baileyi ), Long -tailed Pocket Mouse (Perognathus formosus), Silky Pocket Mouse (Perognathus flavus), Deer Mouse (Permyscus maniculatus), Cactus Mouse (Permyscus eremicus), Canyon Mouse (Permyscus crinitus), Derest Woodrat (Neotoma lepida), White-tailed Woodrat (Neotoma albigula), Botta’s Pocket Gopher (Thomomys bottae), and Mexican Long-nosed Bat (Lep- tonycteris nivalis).
Various spiders, scorpions, ants , grasshoppers, toads, lizards, and snakes are also known in the Sonoran Desert (MacMahon 1987:73 -76). Birds include sparrows, quail, roadrunners, thrashers, owl, dove, gnatcatchers, flycatchers, warblers, mo ckingbirds, wrens, ravens, vultures, and kestrels.
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 7 Limited historic agricultural activities, grazing, and some mining activities in the nearby hills have impacted much of the native vegetation in this area. A lthough the Box Springs Mountain Reserve has aided in protecting some of the native vegetation, the current pro- ject area has yielded no evidence of native vegetation - the native flora has been replaced by introduced vegetation, primarily grasses and a few trees.
CULTURE HISTORY BACKGROUND
The Sonoran Desert is known to have been occupied during both the prehistoric and historic periods. As such, the resources were exploited and, in some cases, the terrain was altered or impacted by the human occupations. The current project area is locate d within an area of Riverside County that borders the traditional and ethnographic bounda- ries of the Luiseño Native American populations (Bean and Shipek 1978).
The Luiseño are more directly associated with coastal and inland areas of present -day Orange and southern Riverside counties and their inland cultural characteristics being similar to those of the Cahuilla, a population generally associated with areas northeast of the San Jacinto Mountains. Evidence of nearby Native American populations may also be represented, including those of the Pass Cahuilla, Serrano, and Gabrielino.
The Luiseño are described as hunters and gatherers who also lived in semi -sedentary villages, practiced a complex form of territoriality and exploitation, and are known through- out Southern California for their rock art (Shepard 1998). Exchange between the Lui- seno and Cahuilla has been documented. In context, the project area is considered a Luiseño area, though evidence of a Cahuilla presence may be identified (Robinson and Risher 1996:102-103).
Moreno Valley can be tentatively associated with numerous Native American villages and/or settlements (Barrows 1900; Hooper 1920; Kro eber 1925 and 1976; Curtis 1926; Strong 1929; Bean and Saubel 1972; and Bean 1978). The Luiseño relied on intermit- tent drainages and springs for fresh water sources and villages were established near the natural springs (e.g. Box Springs). Smaller encamp ments were founded in other areas and scattered throughout the hillsides where exposed bedrock provided surfaces for grinding and/or milling sites . Trails, temporary small camp sites, and other limited use areas have been recorded throughout the area and attest to the wide-spread use of the Valley by prehistoric man.
The Luiseño practiced a relatively complex social organization based on lineages and clans. Individual clans occupied village sites and exploited individualized territories. In- teractions provided exchange in the forms of trade, marriage alliances, and so cial/cere- monial contact. Marriage occurred between moieties, thereby avoiding marriages be- tween blood relatives. Clan associations were more directly related to the exploitation of resources, trade, and social interaction (Love 1998: 4; McKenna 1997 , 2003, and 2009).
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 8 Analysis of ethnographic data and archaeological data has resulted in the development of various chronologies for the Sonoran [California] Desert (Wallace 1962; Warren and Orr 1978; Weide and Barker 1975; Hall and Barker 1975; King and Casebrier 1976; and Gallegos et al. 1979). Jertberg (1982:5 -7) synthesized the chronology(ies):
10,000 to 6,000 B.C.: The Lake Mojave/San Dieguito Complex and/or Western Lithic Co-Tradition). Characterized by the presence of pro- jectile points, larg e knives, chopping tools, scraper planes , and scrapers, (Bettinger and Taylor 1974; Campbell and
Campbell 1937; Rogers 1939; Davis et al. 1969). Items as- sociated with vegetal food processing and hunting and the presence of a coniferous woodland and pluvial lakes.
6,000 B.C.-A.D. 500: Archaic or Pinto Armagosa periods (Wallace 1962; Bettinger and Taylor 1974; Weide and Barker 1974). Characterized by diagnostic projectile points, leaf shaped blades, choppers, and scraper planes. Some sites exhibit a small assemblage of milling stones. A shift in climate and vegetation led to a shift in exploitation with an emphasis on vegetal resources.
A.D. 500 to Historic: (un-named). Characterized by the presence of the bow and arrow (as opposed to darts), ceramics, and cremations. Mill- ing tools increase, including mortars and pestles. There is evidence of limited agriculture and the appearance of Shosho- nean-speakers displacing local Hokan -speaking populations (Wallace 1962:176).
More recent archaeological investigations in portions of the San Jacinto Valley areas sug- gest Native Americans can be identified in the area as early as 8,000 to 9,000 B.P. (Before Present; Love 1999; Tang et al. 2003). Such studies have resulted in the development of a revised general chronological sequence for these inland areas of Southern California.
Grenda (1993) has summarized the chronological data as follows:
11,000-8,000 B.P. Pleistocene/Early Holocene (Early Man) Period 8,000-5,500 B.P. San Dieguito Period
5,500-1,500 B.P. Millingstone/La Jolla-Pauma/Archaic/Encinitas Period 1,500-300 B.P. Late Prehistoric/Luiseño Period
Research oriented towards the understanding of contact between Native American pop- ulations and non -Native populations emphasizes the impacts of European contact --- chronologically presented by many anthropologists and historians:
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 9
1500s-1760s Long distance contact with Europeans
1770s-1820s Mission Period
1830s-1840s Rancho Period
1850s-1870s American Migration to California
1880s-present Reservation Period
The “historic” Period of California history beg an in 1769 and the initiation of the Mission system in San Diego and the subsequent establishment of Missions throughout Alta Cal- ifornia. Missionization was followed by many years of sporadic settlement by Spanish populations traveling from Mexico and into Alta California. Spanish explorers, such as Pedro Fages and Juan Bautista de Anza, traveled through the San Jacinto Plains as early as 1772-1774. However, no European settlement o ccurred in the vicinity of Moreno Val- ley until after 1800 (McCawley 1996; Marinacci and Marinacci 1988:67). This contact was minimal and did not result in any permanent settlements.
The first European -American settlers in western Riverside County arrived in the late 1860s and were generally concentrated in the area of San Jacinto, the oldest non-Native community in the general area. A land boom swept through much of Southern California in the 1880s and other settlements (e.g. Perris, Hemet, and Valle Vis ta) appeared (see Dumke 1944). Individuals began acquiring lands from the U.S. Government - some with considerable acreage. With respect to the Moreno Valley development, Gunther (1984:
333) states:
“MORENO. When this town was first platted in 1890, the Bear Valley and Alessandro Development Co., owners of the land, announced that it would be named New Haven [RP&H Oct. 11, 1890], but on November 1, 1890, The Citrograph carried a small item that stated simpl y, “The new town at this end of Alessandro Valley has had its name changed fr om New Haven to Moreno (Spanish for Brown)” ... there was no one living there at that time, the land still being prepared ... Moreno post office was established on Feb- ruary 19, 1891 ... Moreno was called “the new town on the Alessandro tract at the upper end of the Perris Valley” ... The surrounding farmland became known as MORENO VALLEY.”
The settlement within the Moreno Valley was, as noted, sporadic and the City of Moreno Valley was not incorporated until 1984. Until 1984, the area was considered unincorpo- rated County land – San Bernardino County prior to 1893 and Riverside County after 1893. Research through the Bureau of Land Management General Land Office records showed that this general area of Riverside County was purchased a s part of the larger holdings of Gustave Make (also referenced as “Mahe”) in ca. 1870 (Mahe purchased a total of 13,350 acres).
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 10 Mahe’s land was later transferred to the Bear Valley and Alessandro Development Com- pany. Alessandro (e.g. the Alessandro Tract) was a reference to the “rich and fertile portion of the San Jacinto Valley” (Gunther 1984:11), also purchased by the Bear Valley and Alessandro Development Company.
When established, south of the current project area, the area associated with the Bear Valley and Alessandro Development Company was part of San Bernardino County. The subdivision – Map No. 1 - of the Bear Valley & Alessandro Development Co. included the current project area, identifying the 4.81 acres as part of Block 133, Lot 6 (Figure 4).
Each section of land within the subdivision was divided into eight blocks of eight lots each, or 94 lots of 10 acres each. The current project area is equated with the eastern half of Lot 6, Block 133, and, with minor lot line adjustment, now equates to the 4.81 acre project area.
Figure 4. A Portion of Map No. 1 – Bear Valley & Alessandro Development Co., Illustrating Block 133, Lot 6 (1890; SB Co. Map Book 11, Pg. 10).
This subdivision map was filed in San Bernardino County in 1890 and, following the es- tablishment of Riverside County in 1893, Riverside County recognized the subdivision and began recording land ownerships and transfers. At the time of this research, the Riverside County Archives had data from 1926 to 1961 available (earlier data was out for digitizing). Nonetheless, the accessible data was sufficient to confirm the owner of Lot 6 inn 1926 was Mary H. Trautwein et al. In 1926, Mary H. Trautwein also owned Lots 7 and 8. By 1933, Trautwein has sold Lot 8 (to Maggie D. Muldowney) and purchased Lot 5 (from Anna T. King). In 1933, each 10 acre lot was asses sed at $200 with no listing for any improvements.
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 11 Mary H. Trautwein et al. maintained ownership of all three lots through 1961, when each lot was assessed at $380 with no listed improvements.
Research into Mary H. Trautwein identified her as a native of Pennsylvania, born in 1916, and living in California by 1920. Her mother, Mary C. Trautman, nee Telford, was born in 1886 in Pennsylvania and was identified as a widow living with her sister and brother- in-law in Pasadena (William and Rachael Shephard) in 1920. Although no specific rec- ord was found, Mary C. Trautwein’s husband apparently died during WWI (1917 -1918), leaving his wife with a newborn daughter. Mary C. Trautman relocated to California to live with her sister and rebuild her life. Shortly after relocating, Mary C. Trautment began attending college, receiving a B.A. from Occidental College and an M.A. in Education from the University of Southern California (1928) , purchasing the residence on S. Bunker Hill the same year. She worked as a car eer public school teacher in Los Angeles and pur- chased a residence at 321 S. Bunker Hill, Los Angeles, where she raised Mary H. Tra- utwein. She never remarried and died in 1964.
Mary H. Trautwein remained at her aunt and uncle’s residence into the early 1 930s, at- tending local schools while her mother was in college. She attended Pasadena Com- munity College, studying music, eventually moving to Los Angeles to share the Bunker Hill residence with her mother. I n 1935, she graduated from the University of Sou thern California in 1935 with a degree in Music. She remained in Los Angeles, dying in 1954 (only 38), while still living with her mother. She never married.
With respect to the property in Moreno Valley, the earliest record of ownership (ca. 1926) listed Mary H. Trautwein et al. As Mary Henrietta Trautwein was only ten in 1926, the property was obviously purchased by someone else and put in Mary H.’s name. I t ap- pears, the Shephards, identified as farmers, and Mary C. Trautwein were investing in the land for Mary H. Trautwein – insuring her some investment for future use. Her premature passing left the property in the name of “Mary H. Trautwein et al.” until Mary C. Traut - wein’s passing in 1964. Subsequently, the land holdings were sold.
Lot 5 of Block 133 was subdivided as Parcel Map No. 8115 in 1977, following a purchased in 1971 by Lance Gage (representing Perris No. 14, LP). Edward A. and Marian Sutter subdivided a portion of Lot 5, Block 133, in 1978, resulting in the establishment of the western portion of Bradshaw Circle.
Also mapped in 1977, Parcel Map No. 8114 (Lance Gage for the Perris No. 15, LP) in- volved the subdivision of Lot 6 of Block 133, establishing the eastern extent of Bradshaw Circle and the definition of four parcels (Figure 5):
Parcel 1 = 1.750 acres
Parcel 2 = 1.667 acres
Parcel 3 = 3.083 acres
Parcel 4 = 1.976 acres
Bradshaw Circle = 1.524 acres
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 12
Figure 5. Parcel Map No. 8114 (1977) Illustrating the Subdivision of Lot 6, Block 133, BV&AD Co., by Perris No. 15, LP.
As illustrated, the current project area involves Parcels 2 and 3 of Parcel Map No. 8114.
With minor adjustments, the combined parcels have resulted in the current 4.81 acre pro- ject area. Tract No. 17535 shows Lot 7 was subdivided in 1981by William McCloud, general partner of “Alessandro Industrial.” This research has indicated the Trautwein holdings were sold around 1971 and, with the 1980 mapping of Parcel Map No. 16636 by Herbert W. and Martha Kruger, the three parcels comprising the project area were de- fined:
APN 478-090-18 = 3.16+/- acres (gross) 3.05 acres (net) APN 478-090-24 = 0.90 acres (gross) 0.90 acres (net)
APN 478-090-25 = 0.76 acres (gross) 0.76 acres (net)
There is no record of any improvements within Lot 6, Block 133, until the established residences in the southwestern quarter (outside the current project area). The project area, east and northeast of Bradshaw Circle, has been periodically disked.
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20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 13 A review of early topographic maps showed there was no eastern extension of Cactus Avenue in 1965 and no southern extension of Pettit Road (now Moreno Beach Drive).
By 1976, both roads were present, but as unpaved extensio ns. No structures are mapped until after 1976 (but present by 1980). These improvements are consistent with the aerial photographs, which show the project area and surrounding acreage as open land in 1966 -1967, also showing disking scars for weed abateme nt. By 1978, there is some evidence of Bradshaw Circle development and the residences to the west. The residential development north of the current project area was developed between 2002 and 2005. There is no mapped evidence or aerial photo evidence of any improvements within the current project area.
METHODOLOGY
To adequately and accurately complete the required Phase I cultural resources investi- gations, the following tasks were completed:
Archaeological Records Check : An archaeological records check was completed at the University of California, Riverside, Eastern Information Center (UCR-EIC; Appendix B). The UCR -EIC is the county-wide clearing house/repository for all archaeological and cultural studies completed within the Riverside County. All pertinent data was researched, including previ- ous studies for a one mile radius surrounding the project area and the iden- tification of recorded resources within one mile. In addition, the research included review of the current listings (federal, state, and local) for evaluated resources and reviewed historic maps.
1. Native American Consultation : In January, 2020, McKenna et al. sent a request to the Native American Heritage Commission in Sacramento , in- quiring into the presence/absence of sacred, religious, or otherwise signifi- cant resources within the project area and/or general vicinity. In addition, McKenna et al. asked for and received a listing of local Native American representatives wishing to be notified of projects within their traditional ter- ritory. Letters with maps identifying the project area were mailed to these individuals, requesting input regarding the project area. Copies of the let- ters and responses, if received, are presented in Appendix C of this report.
2. Paleontological Overview: McKenna et al. arranged for a paleontological overview through the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (Ap- pendix D). The results were incorporated into the discussion presented in this report.
3. Historic Background Research : Historic background research was com- pleted by Jeanette A. McKenna, Principal Investigator , McKenna et al.
This research included a review of previous studies made available through
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 14 the UCR -EIC, research at the Riverside Count y Assessor’s Office, Re- corder’s Office, Riverside County Archives, and the in -house McKenna et al. library. On-line research included a review of the Bureau of Land Man- agement General Land Office files and maps . “Ancestry” research was completed for identified land owners and general information on the City of Moreno Valley.
4. Archaeological Field Survey : The intensive archaeological field survey was conducted for TTM No. 37858 by David Asplund (B.A.) and Breidy Quispe Vilcahuaman (M.A.), under the supervision of Jeanette A. McKenna, Principal Investigator at McKenna et al. The fieldwork was conducted on March 7, 2020. A s required for compliance with CEQA guidelines and the data requirements of the Office of Historic Preservation (OHP), an intensive field survey was conducted to adequately identify, describe, report , and, if possible, evaluate any cultural resources identified within the project area boundaries. The surveyors carried a hand -held Garmin GPS unit for re- cording UTM coordinated and the field studies were supplemented by field notes (on file, McKenna et al.) and a photographic record (Appendix E).
Analysis and Technical Report : Every cultural resource study requires some level of analysis and the completion of a technical report. The extent of the analysis and the data requirements for the technical report are de- pendent upon the nature of the project and the requirements set forth by the Lead Agency, based on the defined project. In this case, the project is a Tentative Tract Map for future residential development. Compiled field and research data (Appendix F) were used in assessing the potential for cultural resources to be present within the project area – on the surface or in a bur- ied context. This technical report, completed in a manner requested by both Riverside County and the City of Moreno Valley, provides recommen- dations for further studies and/or the treatment of cultural sites, as applica- ble.
EVALUATION CRITERIA
As noted, this project is being completed for compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), as amended, and the City of Moreno Valley policies. The City of Moreno Valley essentially defers to CEQA, as noted in the 2006 General Plan (5.10-16), which states:
“Prior to the approval of a project, the City will assess potential impacts to significant historic, prehistoric archaeological, and paleontological re- sources, including impacts to human remains, pursuant to Section 15064.5 of the Ca lifornia Environmental Quality Act Guidelines. If significant im- pacts are identified, the City will require the project to be modified to avoid
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 15 the impacts, or require measures to mitigate the impacts. Mitigation may involve monitoring, resource recovery, documentation or other measures.”
California State (CEQA) has multiple levels of recognition for significant or important cul- tural resources: California Historical Landmark, California Point of Historical Interest, and/or California Register of Historical Resources.
California Historical Landmark (Landmark)
To be designated as a California Historical Landmark, a resource must meet at least one of the criteria listed below, have the approval of the property owner(s), be recommended by the State Historical Resources Commission, and be officially designated by the Direc- tor of California State Parks. The Criteria for Designation include:
• The first, last, only, or most significant of its type in the state or within a large geographic region (Northern, Central, or Southern California);
• Associated with an individual or group having a profound influence on the history of California;
• A prototype of, or an outstanding example of, a period, style, architectural movement or construction or is one of the more notable works or the best surviving work in a region of a pioneer architect, designer or master builder.
California Point of Historical Interest (CPHI)
To be designated as a California Point of Historical Interest, a resource must meet at least one of the criteria listed below.
• The first, last, only, or most significant of its type within the local geographic region (City or County);
• Associated with an individual or group having a profound influence on the history of the local area;
• A prototype of, or an outstanding example of, a period, style, architectural movement or construction or is one of the more notable works or the best
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 16 surviving work in the local region of a pioneer architect, designer or master builder.
California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR)
To be designated eligible for the California Register of Historical Resources, a resource must meet at least one of the criteria listed below.
1. Associated with events that have made a significant contribution to th e broad patterns of local or regional history or the cultural heritage of Califor- nia or the United States;
2. Associated with the lives of persons important to local, California or national history;
3. Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region or method of construction or represents the work of a master or possesses high artistic values;
4. Has yielded, or has the potential to yield information important to the pre- history or history of the local area, California, or the nation.
The criteria presented above represent the standard means of assessing the significance of a resource for determining the potential for listing on one or more of the California registries. Therefore, McKenna et al. considered and applied these criteria, as deemed appropriate, and depending on the results of the field survey.
PREVIOUS RESEARCH
Investigations into previous research were completed through the University of California, Riverside, Eastern Information Center (see Appendix B). This research was completed by Jeanette A. McKenna, Principal Investigator, on February 11, 2020, and confirmed the specific project area was not previously surveyed for cultural resources. A minimum of seventeen (17) studies have been completed within a one mile radius of the project area (Table 1). The nearest study was RI-0414, due north of the current project area and now developed as a residential tract.
A minimum of thirteen (13) cultural resources were recorded within one mile of the current project area (Table 2). With one exception, these resources were located in the hillsides more than one-half mile from the project area – both northwest and southeast. The iso- lated site not in the hillsides was located near Alessandro Avenue and Oliver Street.
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 17 Table 1. Cultural Resources Studies Completed within One Mile of TTM No. 37858.
Report/NADB Citation Description Resources
RI-00182 Weaver 1975 Brodiaea Ave. Water System Yes
RI-00414 Holcomb 1978 2 Portions of Land
RI-01893 Salpas 1984 Parcel 20223
RI-01979 Mack & Clopine 1986 APNs 483-340-005 AND -009
RI-02105 Drover 1987 ALTA Specific Plan
RI-02171 McCarthy 1987 Moreno Valley Inventory Yes
RI-02980 Unknown Redlands Avenue Survey
RI-04717 O’Connell 2002 Cell Tower Site
RI-05288 White 2000 Cell Tower Site
RI-06644 Allred 2006 Cell Tower Site
RI-06754 Robbins-Wade 2006 Lowe’s Moreno Valley Project RI-08802 Tang et al. 2012 Moreno Master Drainage
RI-09080 Tang et al. 2014 TTM No. 36739
RI-09083 Tang et al. 2014 TTM No. 36740
RI-09652 Puckett 2014 Cell Tower Site
RI-09667 Green 2016 Cell Tower Site
RI-10238 Chandler 2016 Nursing Facility Project
The status of many of these resources is unknown, but some references note impacts (from disking, pothunters, or modern recreations activities). None of the resources will be impacted by the proposed project.
As noted earlier, historic aerial photographs and maps showed no impacts in the general vicinity of the project area until after ca. 1976. All improvements, therefore, are less than 45 years of age and considered modern and of no historical consequence.
The paleontological overview for the project area (McLeod 2020) identified the immediate area as consisting of younger Quaternary Alluvial deposits originating in the Box Springs Mountains. These deposits overlay the older Quaternary alluvial deposits, known to have yielded fossil specimens. The relative depth of the ol der alluvium is unknown, but, in accordance with County policies and guidelines, excavations exceeding five feet below the present surface should be considered sensitive for resources and monitored accord- ingly.
Contact with the Native American Heritage Commission and local Native American rep- resentatives failed to identify and specific sacred, religious, or otherwise significant cul- tural resources in or near the project area. The Native American Heritage Commission responded on February 12, 202 0, reporting the negative findings. McKenna et al. sent letters to the representatives identified by the Commission (February 18, 2020) and, as of this writing, received two responses (Agua Caliente and Morongo; see Appendix C).
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 18 Table 2. Cultural Reso urces Recorded within One Mile of TTM No. 37858.
Primary Trinomial Citation Description Status
CA-RIV-0419
McCarthy 1988 and
1995; Desautels 1983;
O’Neil 1968; Chace &
Shepard 1963
Rock Art Site Protected
CA-RIV-0420 Desautels 1983; O’Neil
1968 Slicks and BRM Site Impacted
CA-RIV-0421
McCarthy 1973, 1978,
1988 and 1995; De-
sautels 1983; O’Neil
1968; Chace & Shepard
1963
Rock Art Site Impacted
CA-RIV-2963 Banks 1983 Isolated Slick
CA-RIV-2964 Banks 1984 Isolated Slick
CA-RIV-3233 Pinto 1987 Isolated Slick
CA-RIV-3234 Pinto 1987 Isolated Slick
CA-RIV-3235 Pinto 1987 2 Isolated Slicks
CA-RIV-3323 Sampson 1987 3 Milling Slicks
33-011606 CA-RIV-6914 Goodwin 2002 Abraded Surfaces
33-013109 Mason 1983 19th Century
Residential Site In ruins
33-015934 Daly 2006 19th Century
Residential Site
33-028531 Lindgren 2017 Oliver Street Align-
ment
The Agua Caliente (via Arysa Gonzalez Romero; March 16, 2020) noted the project area was outside the traditional use area of the Cahuilla. The Morongo (Travis Armstrong, February 26, 2020) had no specific data to report or provide.
Based on the data compiled to date, McKenna et al. has tentatively concluded the current project area has the following levels of sensitivity:
Prehistoric Archaeological Sites LOW
Prehistoric Archaeological Isolates LOW
Historic Archaeological Sites LOW
Historic Archaeological Isolates LOW
Built Environments (Standing Structures) LOW to NONE
Historic Landscapes LOW
Ethnic Resources LOW
Paleontological Resources LOW to MODERATE
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 19
RESULTS OF THE INVESTIGATIONS
McKenna et al. conducted the conducted research and field investigations pertaining to the TTM No. 37858 project area, Moreno Valley, Riverside County, California, for compli- ance with CEQA and local policies . The research was initiated in January, 2020, and completed in March, 2020. The field work was completed on March 7, 2020, working around weather conditions. The research was completed over various days throughout February, 2020.
Cultural Resources
As a result of the research and field investigations, McKenna et al. determined the poten- tial for identifying any cultural resources, significant or not, was low. When conducting the field survey, the surveyors found the property to be fenced, but a small access point near the gate on Bradshaw Circle provided access. The property was found to be rela- tively flat, but covered in grasses and tumbleweeds. Nonetheless, the surface was ade- quately examined for any evidence of cultural resources. A single palm tree was present along the Cactus Avenue frontage.
The survey was initiated on the northwestern corner of the property and transects were walked by two surveyors, on an east/west axis and from the northern property boundary to the southern property boundar y. Transects averaged 10 meters apart, providing an intensive level of coverage. UTM coordinates were marked on the property corners and at the turning on Bradshaw Circle (Table 3).
Table 3. UTM Coordinates Defining the Project Area Boundaries.
Location NAD 27 NAD 83
Easting Northing Easting Northing
NW Corner 484175 3752208 484095 3752404
NE Corner 484384 3752208 484304 3752404
SW Corner 484298 3752035 484218 3752231
SE Corner 484382 3752037 484302 3752233
Bradshaw Circle 484278 3752122 484198 3752318
No evidence of any prehistoric archaeological sites, prehistoric isolates, historic archae- ological sites and/or historic isolates was found within the project area boundaries.
There was no standing structure(s) and research confirmed no structures were ever pre- sent. Likewise, no historic landscape or suggestion of ethic resources or associations were found. Overall, the property was clear of any evidence of surface cultural resources and the potential for buried re sources was determined to be extremely low to non -exist- ent.
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 20 Paleontological Resources
Summarizing Reynolds (1999) and McLeod (2015 and 2020), the project area consists of surficial deposits of younger Quaternary deposits overlying older Quaternary deposits .
The younger deposits are not conducive to yielding paleontological specimens . How- ever, the deeper, older alluvial deposits may, in fact, yield such resources. The pro ject area should be considered sensitive for buried paleontological resources. Depending on the nature of future developments, a paleontological monitoring program may be neces- sary for compliance. In accordance with County protocols, all earthmoving exceeding 5 feet from the present surface should be monitored by a qualified paleontological monitor and local protocols for the handling of paleontological specimens should be followed.
Curation at the Western Center , Hemet, would be appropriate for any iden tified and re- covered specimens.
Native American Consultation
Native American consultation included initial contact with the Native American Heritage Commission and follow-up letters to local Native American representatives. Responses, to date, have been limited to three – Cahuilla Band, Morongo, and Soboba. Neither the Cahuilla or Morongo had information pertaining to specific resources. The Soboba re- sponded and confirmed the project area is within their Tribal Tradition Use Areas and, as such, requested additional consultation. Their detailed response is presented in Appen- dix C. Overall, the Luiseno (Soboba and Pechanga) consider the area sensitive for re- sources associated Luiseno occupation and use of the Moreno Valley area. The City of Moreno Valley, in completing the SB -18/AB-52 consultation, should contact representa- tives of the Luiseno (e.g. Soboba and Pechanga) for compliance with State and local laws and guidelines.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the negative findings presented ab ove, McKenna et al. has concluded there are no cultural resources, significant or not, within or adjacent to the project area. The nearest recorded resources are more than one -half mile distant. McKenna et al. has concluded there are no known significant cultural resources within the project area and any future development will not adversely impact any significant resources.
The project area is considered moderately sensitive for paleontological resources. If fu- ture excavations impact the bur ied older Quaternary deposits and/or exceed a relative depth of five feet below the present surface, a paleontological monitoring program must be undertaken for compliance. This program must follow the County protocols and guidelines set by the County Geologist and/or those of the Western Center, Hemet.
If human remains, or suspected human remains, are uncovered, the County coroner must be notified immediately and permitted to examine the find(s) in situ. If the Coroner de- termines the remains are of Native American origin, the Native American Heritage Com-
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 21 mission (NAHC) will be notified and the Commission will name the “Most Likely Descend- ent” (MLD) for consultation. C oordination between the Coroner, NAHC, MLD, Lead Agency, and archaeological consultant, the disposition of the remains will be determined.
Any cost related to the handling of the human remains will be the responsibility of the School District.
CERTIFICATION
CERTIFICATION: I hereby certify that the statements furnished above and in the attached exhibits present the data and information required for this report, and that the facts, state- ments, and information presented are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.
____________________________________________________ ________________ Jeanette A. McKenna, Principal, McKenna et al. Date OHP Certification No. 90
County Certification No. 161
Jeanette A. McKenna March 18, 2020
20.2052 TTM 37858, Moreno Valley, Riverside Co., CA Page 22
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