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To City of Mountain View Memo
From Steer
Date 11 February 2025
Project City of Mountain View TDM Ordinance Project No. 24363902 L
ist of TDM Strategies in the TDM Toolkit
The Draft TDM Toolkit includes a standardized list of measures which applicants will use as they develop their TDM Plan. It provides implementation guidance as to which strategies may be suitable for different development types (e.g., residential, non-residential, mixed use).
Table 1 presents the list of TDM strategies according to TDM category and strategy type, including:
• Required TDM Strategies, which provide the supportive structure to implement TDM; • Core TDM Strategies, which provide an array of flexible, proven trip reduction strategies that a
pplicants may select from to develop the project’s TDM Plan; and • Auxiliary TDM Strategies, which may not have significant trip reduction potential as stand-alone strategies but are essential in supporting the successful implementation of the Core strategies.
The table also provides estimated potential Average Daily Trips ( ADT) reduction for each Core strategy based on the Santa Clara Countywide VMT Evaluation Tool. Applicants may submit supplemental trip generation analyses that calculates trip reduction at the site level to verify meeting the ADT target, including approved methodologies reviewed by the City. The estimated ADT reduction potential for Required strategies are not provided because these strategies address administrative arrangements such as agreements with the City and reporting requirements . The estimated ADT reduction potential for auxiliary strategies are also not provided, because research has indicated that these provide minimal trip reduction as standalone strategies. TDM research associated with the California Air Pollution Control Officers Association ( CAPCOA) and Santa Clara Countywide VMT Evaluation Tool - Version 2 i ndicates that trip reductions for auxiliary strategies typically range from 0.1% and 2%. Instead, auxiliary strategies support more effective implementation of the Core strategies.
Following feedback received from the Bicycle/Pedestrian Advisory Committee ( J anuary 29, 2025 ) and Environmental Planning Commission (February 5, 2025) staff will explore how to incorporate additional land use/ project design-related strategies so that applicants could receive credit towards their trip reduction targets for characteristics such as:
• T ransit proximity : situating the project within 0.5 miles of transit service • Affordable housing: inclusion of on-site Affordable Housing, as defined by the City’s Affordable Housing program
• Active transportation improvements: contributing to pedestrian and bicycle improvements at the site level to increase safety and connectivity for active transportation users Attachment 1
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Table 1. Draft TDM Toolkit
TDM Strategy Strategy
Category
Strategy
Type Description Trip Reduction When to
Implement
Relevant Development Type
Residential Non-
Residential Mixed-Use
1 Transportation coordinator Administrative Required
A designated person or entity
responsible for implementing
the TDM Plan and liaising with
the City regarding monitoring
and reporting requirements.
Within 60 days
of occupancy Medium and large projects 2
Mountain View
Transportation
Management Association
(MTMA) membership
Administrative Required
Membership of the TMA.
(Applicants required to join the
TMA may select strategies
related to TMA-provided
programming from the below
list of Core and Auxiliary
strategies.)
Prior to
receiving
certificate of
occupancy
Large Medium &
Large
Non-
residential
>50 ksf
AND
residential
≥1,000 ADT
3 TDM Agreement Administrative Required
Execution of TDM Agreement
between Property Owner and
City, memorializing the
property’s TDM commitments
and addressing procedures
related to change in tenure.
Prior to
receiving
certificate of
occupancy
x x x 4 Annual TDM reporting Administrative Required
Submission of annual TDM
reporting to the City, per
stipulated deadline.
Annually,
beginning 1
year after
certificate of
occupancy
and on the
first of January
thereafter
x x x
5 Annual travel survey Administrative Required Completion of a travel survey of regular site users.
Annually,
beginning 1
year after
certificate of
occupancy
Small, Medium and large projects
6 Daily driveway counts Administrative Required
Completion of daily driveway
counts.
(Sites are permitted to
conduct driveway counts with
an independent third party to
verify the data provided.)
Annually,
beginning 1
year after
certificate of
occupancy
Medium and large projects
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TDM Strategy Strategy
Category
Strategy
Type Description Trip Reduction When to
Implement
Relevant Development Type
Residential Non-
Residential Mixed-Use
7 Property transfer form Administrative Required
Submission of Property
Transfer form to the City. This
form transfers responsibility
for implementing the
property’s TDM plan when
ownership or tenure of a
property changes, ensuring
that the new property owner
understands and agrees to the
TDM Plan and/or Agreement. It
also provides contact details
for the new owner or
occupant.
Within 30 days
of change in
ownership
Any project subject to the ordinance that
undergoes a change in ownership following
completion of the initial entitlement process
8 Alternative transportation
subsidies Incentives Core
Provide subsidies to all
building occupants from
certificate of occupancy until
between two and ten years
after full occupancy, for at
least one of the following:
a) Transit
b) Vanpool
c) Carpool
d) Active transportation.
Within ½ mile of a
VTA Light Rail
Caltrain Station:
Low Participation
($200/occupant) – 3%
Medium Participation
($270/occupant) – 5%
High Participation
($325/occupant) – 6%
Not within ½ mile of a
VTA Light Rail/
Caltrain Station:
Low Participation
($200/occupant) – 2%
Medium Participation
($270/occupant) – 3%
High Participation
($325/occupant) – 4%
Within 60 days
of receiving
certificate of
occupancy
x x x
9 Bikeshare and/or
scootershare program Programming Core
Implementation of campus
bike sharing system that
includes capital investment
and operations, preferably
with interoperability to
neighbouring systems and
6% Initial
occupancy x x x
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TDM Strategy Strategy
Category
Strategy
Type Description Trip Reduction When to
Implement
Relevant Development Type
Residential Non-
Residential Mixed-Use
high penetration within the
region (e.g. Bay Wheels).
10 Bike facilities Infrastructure Core
Provide and maintain facilities
for bicycle users at the project
site. Examples of end-of-trip
facilities include bike parking,
bicycle lockers, showers, and
personal lockers. The extent of
VMT reduction is based on the
Project provision of secure
bike parking or secure bike
parking and additional
facilities proportional to the
number of commuting
bicyclists or as determined by
the Mountain View Municipal
Code SEC. 36.32.85.
3% During
construction x x x
11 Rideshare program Programming Core
Organize a program to match
individuals interested in
carpooling who have similar
commute patterns or leverage
existing County and/or
regional programs (MTC and
VTA).
4% Initial
occupancy x x x
12 Free door-to-door transit Programming Core
Provide direct shuttle service
to the Project site from areas
with high concentrations of
employees.
Note: This strategy is mutually
exclusive with strategy #14
and therefore both strategies
should not be selected
together.
10% Initial
occupancy x x x
13 Telecommuting and
alternative work schedules Incentives Core
Allow and encourage
employees to telecommute or
allow alternative work
schedules that result in fewer
in-office days.
5% Initial
occupancy x x
14 First/Last Mile transit Programming Core
Provide free shuttle service to
and from nearby transit
hubs/stations.
5% Initial
occupancy x x x
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TDM Strategy Strategy
Category
Strategy
Type Description Trip Reduction When to
Implement
Relevant Development Type
Residential Non-
Residential Mixed-Use
Participation in the MVgo
shuttle program qualifies
applicants to select this
strategy via TMA membership.
Note: This strategy is mutually
exclusive with strategy #12
and therefore both strategies
should not be selected
together.
15 Unbundled parking costs** Parking
Management Core
Unbundle the cost of parking
space from the rental price of
properties.
**Required for multi-family
residential properties with 16+
residential units, per AB 1317
Unbundled Parking.
Note: This strategy is mutually
exclusive with strategy #16
and therefore both strategies
should not be selected
together.
10% Initial
occupancy x x x
16 Limit parking supply Parking
Management Core
Provide parking supply at rates
lower than the Institute of
Transportation Engineers (ITE)
Parking Generation Manual or
lower than those documented
in the Mountain View City
Code. Decreasing parking
supply encourages employees
to choose an alternative
transportation mode for their
commutes. This measure is
more effective if street parking
is not free or unrestricted
during typical working hours.
Surrounding street parking
must be metered, have time
limits during typical working
hours, and/or be available to
residential parking permit
(RPP) holders only.
10% During
construction x x x
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TDM Strategy Strategy
Category
Strategy
Type Description Trip Reduction When to
Implement
Relevant Development Type
Residential Non-
Residential Mixed-Use
Note: This strategy is mutually
exclusive with strategy #15
and therefore both strategies
should not be selected
together.
17 Employee Parking Cash-
Out
Parking
Management Core
The State’s Parking Cash-Out
Program, California Health &
Safety Code, Section 43845
and AB 2206 requires certain
employers who provide
subsidized parking for their
employees to offer a cash
allowance in lieu of a parking
space.
Note: This strategy is mutually
exclusive with strategy #18
and therefore both strategies
should not be selected
together.
12% Initial
occupancy x x
18 Price workplace parking Parking
Management Core
Require commuters to pay for
parking on-site.
Note: This strategy is mutually
exclusive with strategy #17
and therefore both strategies
should not be selected
together.
12% Initial
occupancy x x 19 VTA Equitable VMT
Mitigation Program Programming Core
Participate in VTA’s Equitable
VMT Mitigation Program. This
could potentially include:
• Vanpool subsidies
• E-bike subsidies
• Bus speed
improvements
TBD Initial
occupancy
20 Transit service expansion Programming Core
Subsidize transit service
through fees and contributions
to the transit provider. This
strategy must be negotiated
with the transit agency.
10% During
construction x x x
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TDM Strategy Strategy
Category
Strategy
Type Description Trip Reduction When to
Implement
Relevant Development Type
Residential Non-
Residential Mixed-Use
21 On-site wayfinding Infrastructure Auxiliary
Provide clear information for
site users guiding them to
transit and active
transportation infrastructure
and resources, consistent
with City wayfinding practices.
During
construction x x x
22 Support Safe Routes to
School Programs Programming Auxiliary
In coordination with Mountain
View Safe Routes to School
Program, support efforts to
encourage students to walk or
bike to school. Initiatives may
include annual efforts to form
bike trains and walking school
buses and offering bicycle and
pedestrian safety training.
Initial
occupancy x
23 Priority carpool/vanpool
parking
Parking
Management Auxiliary
Provide dedicated
carpool/vanpool spaces near
entrances. Parking may also
be discounted.
Prior to initial
occupancy x x 24 Transportation information
hub Infrastructure Auxiliary
Provide virtual (webpage) or
physical (bulletin board)
information on local
transportation resources and
promote programs selected
through site’s ‘Core’
strategies. Information must
be kept current and
reviewed/updated quarterly.
During
construction x x x
25 Transportation events Programming Auxiliary
Host virtual or on-site
gatherings or workshops at
least two times per year
focused on transportation
information sharing.
Initial
occupancy x x x
26 Raffles and giveaways Programming Auxiliary
Provide raffle prizes for
individuals who participate in
Core strategies or indicate
they travel to site without
driving alone.
Initial
occupancy x x x
27 Behavioural intervention Programming Auxiliary
Provide personalized travel
planning assistance such as
information on how to use
transit and transit itineraries,
carpool matching and
Initial
occupancy x x x
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TDM Strategy Strategy
Category
Strategy
Type Description Trip Reduction When to
Implement
Relevant Development Type
Residential Non-
Residential Mixed-Use
personal follow-up to
tenants/employees.
28 Carshare program Programming Auxiliary
Provide subsidies and
promotions, as well as
dedicated parking spaces, for
car sharing services such as
ZipCar, Car2Go, and
GetAround.
Initial
occupancy x x x
29 Mid-day Mobility Programming Auxiliary
Employees who take transit,
carpool or bike to work can
request reimbursement of up
to $15 for mid-day trips taken
between 10am and 3pm via
Uber, Lyft or taxi.
(MTMA membership and
information qualifies
applicants to select this
strategy.)
Initial
occupancy x x
30 Guaranteed Ride Home
(GRH) program Programming Auxiliary
Provide eligible
tenants/employees with a
return trip home if they used a
sustainable mode of transport
to commute to work, when an
unforeseen emergency arises
and riding transit, cycling or
ridesharing isn’t possible, for
up to at least three trips per
year.
(MTMA Membership and
information qualifies
applicants to select this
strategy.)
Initial
occupancy x x x
31 Pre-tax benefits Incentives Auxiliary
Taking advantage of the
Federal Pre-tax Commuter
Benefit law, provide
opportunity for employees to
receive a tax-free allotment to
be spent on transit or other
allowable travel expenses.
Initial
occupation x x
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TDM Strategy Strategy
Category
Strategy
Type Description Trip Reduction When to
Implement
Relevant Development Type
Residential Non-
Residential Mixed-Use
32 Developer-defined strategy Other Other
Propose a tailored and
effective TDM strategy to
building occupants with
supporting data to
demonstrate level of
effectiveness, for review and
approval by City staff.
TBD TBD x x x
Table 2 provides the technical justification for the estimated ADT reduction percentages for the Core strategies listed in Table 1.
Table 2. Justification for Estimated Trip Reduction Potential TDM Strategy Formula Estimated Level of Effectiveness (Percent ADT Reduction) Notes/Source 8 Transit
Subsidies/
Incentives
% VMT Reduction
= [(% Vehicle Share) / (1 - %
Transit Share)] * (0.43 * % fare
subsidy * % Transit Share)
Note: Vehicle share includes all
vehicle trips: SOV, carpool and
ride hail
Within ½ mile of a VTA Light Rail/ Caltrain Station:
• Low Participation (10% of occupants) – 3%
• Medium Participation (20% of occupants) – 5%
• High Participation (30%+ of occupants) – 6%
Not within ½ mile of a VTA Light Rail/ Caltrain Station:
• Low Participation (10% of occupants) – 2%
• Medium Participation (20% of occupants) – 3%
High Participation (30%+ of occupants) – 3%
(Assuming subsidy of $135 per month for project within ½ mile of VTA Light Rail/ Caltrain station and $90 for projects elsewhere)
VTA Tool - TP07
Subsidized Transit
Program
9 Bikeshare
and/or
scootershare
program
6% conversion of vehicle to
bicycle or scooter trips.
(CAPCOA formula)
6%
(Assuming 50% of the program cost)
See ‘TP02 Bike Share
Programs’ in the
VTA
Tool. It is presumed
that the Developer
will be participating in
an existing
established program
within a dense
neighborhood.
The 6% reduction
appears high for
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Mountain View but no
other study or
research is available
to state otherwise.
10 Bike Facilities
(Employment
land use only)
% VMT reduction
= (Bike mode share) * (level-of-
facility-multiplier) then
discounted to account for
difference between bike trip
length and drive trip length
3%
Secure Bicycle Storage - 1%
Showers and personal lockers - 2%
See Appendix A -
pages 17-32 of
C/CAG
Transportation
Demand
Management Policy
Update Approach,
2021
11 Rideshare
Program
% VMT Reduction
= (54.5% reduction in commute
VMT) * (% of total employees that
participate)
4%
See ‘T-8. Provide
Ridesharing Program’
in
CAPCOA
Handbook
12 Free Door-to-
Door Transit
% VMT Reduction
= 47% * % of total employees
that participate
10%
(Assuming 20% participation)
See Appendix A -
pages 17-32 of
C/CAG
Transportation
Demand
Management Policy
Update Approach,
2021
13 Telecommuting
and Alternative
Work Schedules
(Employment
land use only)
% VMT Reduction
= reduction based on type of
alternative schedule × % of total
employees that participate
5%
(Assuming 1.5 days/week and 10% employee participation) See ‘TP08
Telecommuting and
Alternative Work
Schedules’ in the
VTA Tool
14 First/Last Mile
transit
% Reduction in VMT = - 1*(Total
Transit Mile Increased/Transit
Miles before the
project)*6.69%*0.7*57.8*1
5%
(Assuming CAPCOA maximum)
See ‘T-25. Extend
Transit Network
Coverage or Hours’ in
CAPCOA Handbook
.
CAPCOA maximum is
4.6%. However, given
the extensive
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coverage of MVGo
and Community
Shuttle.
15 Unbundle
Parking Costs
from Property
Cost (On Site
Parking)
% Reduction in VMT = Change in
vehicle cost * elasticity * A
Where: Change in vehicle cost =
monthly parking cost / ($average
annual vehicle costs / 12), (taken
from CAPCOA)
10%
(Based on Testing)
Monthly Parking cost is assumed as $300.
Using the maximum
suggested by
CAPCOA and
rounding it to the
nearest integer. See
‘T-16. Unbundle
Residential Parking
Costs from Property
Cost’ in
CAPCOA
Handbook.
C/CAG - 25%
16 Limit Parking
Supply
% VMT Reduction
= % Reduction of parking supply
from minimum in City Code × 0.5
10%
At least 10% below the minimum required parking based on the Mountain View Municipal Code.
The percent reduction
can be adjusted
based on the % below
minimums. See
‘Reduced Parking’ in
Appendix A - pages
17-32 of
C/CAG
Transportation
Demand
Management Policy
Update Approach,
2021
C/CAG - 10%
17 Employee
Parking Cash-
Out
(Employment
land use only)
% VMT Reduction
= % reduction of commute VMT
by place type × % of total
employees that are eligible
12%
Recognizing the variation in parking costs across the city, the cash out allowance should be tailored to the parking expenses specific to the project's vicinity.
Using the maximum
suggested by
CAPCOA
. See ‘T-13.
Implement Employee
Parking Cash-Out’ in
CAPCOA Handbook.
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18 Price Workplace
Parking
(Employment
land use only)
% VMT Reduction
= % reduction based on parking
fee and place type × % of total
employees subject to priced
parking
12%
(Assuming 10% of employees subject to priced parking at a rate of $200 per month for projects within ½ mile of VTA Light Rail/ Caltrain station and $135 for projects elsewhere) Similar to unbundled
parking. See ‘T-12.
Price Workplace
Parking’ in
CAPCOA
Handbook.
19 VTA Equitable
VMT Mitigation
Program
TBD upon program adoption TBD TBD
20 Transit Service
Expansion
% VMT Reduction = 0.5 * 0.67 * %
change in frequency * Route
Contribution Proxy * existing
transit mode share
Route Contribution Proxy = 50%
(when less than 50% of the
routes are improved); 85% (when
more than or equal to 50% of the
routes are improved)
10%
The Applicant in coordination with the transit agency will determine an appropriate amount per employee or resident, to be paid as a one-time contribution.
See ‘Fund Transit
Service’ Parking’ in
Appendix A - pages
17-32 of
C/CAG
Transportation
Demand
Management Policy
Update Approach,
2021