Mountain View
Police Department
ASSEMBLY BILL 481
MILITARY EQUIPMENT
ANNUAL REPORT
2025
POSTED: April 26, 2026
Attachment 2
2 Background
On September 30, 2021, Governor Gavin Newsom signed a series of eight (8) policing reform bills, including Assembly Bill 481 (AB 481) on the acquisition and use of items defined as military equipment. On May 10, 2022, the Mountain View City Council adopted Ordinance No. 7.22 approving Mountain View Police Department Policy 709, Military Equipment (“MVPD Policy 709”) pursuant to AB 481, which was renewed on May 9, 2023.
On May 27, 2025 , the City Council adopted Ordinance No. 3.2025, which adopted an amended MVPD Policy 709.
Summary
In 2025, the Mountain View Police Department (MVPD) had equipment meeting 9 of the 15 categories requiring reporting by AB 481. For the most part, the equipment listed in this report is highly specific in its use, requires authorization and training, and is not carried day-to-day. Even when equipment is deployed into the field in certain appropriate circumstances, it is not necessarily used or fired. The majority of equipment used in 2025 was during training and certifications.
The City of Mountain View has not received any complaints or concerns regarding the use or acquisition of the equipment covered by AB 481 during this reporting period. MVPD has diligently followed MVPD Policy 709, ensuring transparency and accountability in its operations, with no policy violations in 2025.
In 2025, the department purchased 200 rounds of .308 caliber ammunition for approximately $643, replaced expired chemical munitions for approximately $2,000, and purchased 200 rounds of 40mm Sponge Rounds for $ 6,000. As noted in the 2024 AB 481 Report, the Police Department proposed the purchase of a high-mobility, multi-purpose wheeled vehicle as part of the Fiscal Year 2025-26 Budget. This item was approved in the Budget. The City has purchased the vehicle and is awaiting its delivery. Unless otherwise noted, all the costs for the equipment listed in the tables below are funded in the Police Department budget from the City’s General Operating Fund.
Plans for future equipment purchases meeting the reporting requirements of AB 481 include incidental purchases to replace or replenish equipment used throughout the year for existing items. Further, MVPD continues to researc h and evaluate emerging UAS technologies. MVPD will also research potential funding streams for the possible procurement of updated platforms.
MVPD does not possess any equipment related to the 1033 Department of Defense program. All equipment that was previously possessed as part of this program has been returned. In addition, any items listed from the 2023 report that have been removed from the tables below are no longer in the possession of MVPD. 3 Introduction
As required by AB 481 and MVPD Policy 709, MVPD must prepare an annual report on the use of each type of military equipment approved in the Policy over the last year.
Subsequently, the City Council must review the Ordinance, Policy, and AB 481 Annual Report and determine whether MVPD’s use of the defined military equipment in the past year complied with the Policy.
AB 481 requires police departments to identify, at a minimum, six (6) elements in their annual reports for each type of covered equipment:
1. Summary of how each type of equipment was used and the purpose of that use.
2. Summary of complaints or concerns received for each type of equipment.
3. Information disclosing violations of military equipment policies and actions taken in response, as well as the result of internal audits.
4. Annual costs for each type of equipment, “including acquisition, personnel, training, transportation, maintenance, storage, upgrade, and other ongoing costs,” and from what source funds will be provided for the military equipment in the calendar year following submission of the annual report.
5. Quantity possessed of each type of equipment.
6. Plans to acquire additional military equipment in the coming year and the quantity sought.
In 2025, MVPD has equipment meeting nine of the 15 categories set forth in AB 481 and MVPD Policy 709, indicated below in bold.
Category 1: Unmanned, remotely piloted, powered aerial or ground vehicles.
Category 2: Mine-resistant, ambush-protected (MRAP) vehicles or armored personnel carriers. However, police versions of standard consumer vehicles are specifically excluded from this subdivision.
*Category 3: High-mobility multi -purpose wheeled vehicles (HMMWV), commonly referred to as “Humvees,” two-and-a-half-ton trucks, five -ton trucks, or wheeled vehicles that have a breaching or entry apparatus attached. However, unarmored all- terrain vehicles (ATVs) and motorized dirt bikes are specifically excluded from this subdivision.
Category 4: Tracked armored vehicles that provide ballistic protection to their occupants and utilize a tracked system instead of wheels for forward motion. 4 Category 5: Command and control vehicles that are either built or modified to facilitate the operational control and direction of public safety units.
Category 6: Weaponized aircraft, vessels, or vehicles of any kind.
Category 7: Battering rams, slugs, and breaching apparatuses that are explosive in nature. However, items designed to remove a lock, such as bolt cutters or a handheld ram designed to be operated by one person, are specifically excluded from this subdivision.
Category 8: Firearms of .50-caliber or greater. However, standard-issue shotguns are specifically excluded from this subdivision.
Category 9: Ammunition of .50 -caliber or greater. However, standard-issue shotgun ammunition is specifically excluded from this subdivision.
Category 10: Specialized firearms and ammunition of less than .50 -caliber, including assault weapons as defined in Sections 30510 and 30515 of the Penal Code, with the exception of standard-issue service weapons and ammunition of less than .50-caliber that are issued to officers, agents, or employees of a law enforcement agency or a state agency.
Category 11: Any firearm or firearm accessory that is designed to launch explosive projectiles.
Category 12: “Flashbang” grenades and explosive breaching tools, “tear gas,” and “pepper balls,” excluding standard, service-issued handheld pepper spray.
Category 13: Taser Shockwave, microwave weapons, water cannons, and the Long-Range Acoustic Device (LRAD).
Category 14: The following projectile launch platforms and their associated munitions: 40-millimeter projectile launchers, “bean bag,” rubber bullet, and specialty impact munition (SIM) weapons.
Category 15: Any other equipment as determined by a governing body or a state agency to require additional oversight.
* Although the military equipment category for the ARV, category 3, contains a broad range of possible equipment types, including traditional military vehicles such as “Humvees” the ARV is not designed for traditional military use. Instead, it is a purpose-built public safety vehicle constructed on a standard Ford F-550 chassis. 5 Military Equipment
The tables on the following pages provide the required information regarding Quantity, Costs, Summary of Use and Purpose, Complaints, Policy Violations, and Future Purchases.
The cost column includes any expenditures in 2025 as well as the original acquisition cost, noted in the table with an asterisk (*).
Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy
Violations
Future
Purchases
Category 1: Unmanned, Remotely Piloted, Powered Aerial or Ground Vehicles Mavic 2
Enterprise
Dual with
Forward-
Looking
Infrared
Unmanned
Aerial
System
(UAS)
2 *$14,861.31
(when
purchased in
2020)
$0 cost in 2025
In 2025, this Unmanned Aerial
System (UAS) platform was used in
four (4) mission-related
deployments, including support for
patrol operations and assistance to
outside agencies, zero (0) public
outreach flights, and twelve (12)
training-related flights.
The Mavic aircraft were primarily
used for training and pilot
proficiency exercises, allowing
department personnel to maintain
familiarity with aircraft controls,
thermal imaging systems, and aerial
observation techniques.
Operational deployments included
patrol support operations and
assistance to outside agencies,
providing aerial situational
awareness during police
operations. These flights allowed
officers to remotely observe areas
that may present hazards and assist
officers on the ground by providing
additional visual perspective. The
Mavic serves as a valuable training
and supplemental operational
tool within the department’s UAS
program. The system supports
officer safety and operational
effectiveness by allowing personnel
to remotely assess potentially
hazardous situations and maintain
proficiency with unmanned aerial
technology.
None None MVPD
continues to
research and
evaluate
emerging UAS
technologies.
MVPD will also
research
potential
funding streams
for the possible
procurement of
updated
platforms.
6 Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy
Violations
Future
Purchases
DJI Matrice
30T
Drone with
Thermal
Camera
2 *$33,986.81
(when
purchased in
2023)
$0 cost in 2025
In 2025, this Unmanned Aerial
System (UAS) was deployed for
training, assisting outside
agencies/task forces,
investigations, special operations,
patrol support, and public
outreach. 74 flights in total were
conducted (24 missions, 33
trainings, 6 public outreach/flight
demonstrations, and 11 flights to
ensure operational readiness).
Operational deployments included
patrol support operations, special
operations support, and assistance
to outside agencies. These flights
allowed officers to remotely
observe areas that may present
hazards, assist in locating
individuals, and provide aerial
situational awareness during police
operations. Additionally, the UAS
program supported public
outreach and community
engagement efforts, including
demonstration flights that allowed
the public to better understand
how UAS technology supports
public and officer safety.
None None MVPD
continues to
research and
evaluate
emerging UAS
technologies.
MVPD will also
research
potential
funding streams
for the possible
procurement of
updated
platforms.
Loki MK2
EU Drones
2 *$13,693.80
(when
purchased in
2023)
$0 cost in 2025
In 2025, this UAS platform was
deployed for training, assisting
external agencies, community
presentations, and supporting
SWAT and investigations in
executing search warrants. This
equipment enhances officer safety
by allowing remote observation of
dangerous situations, thus
reducing risks to personnel. Their
primary use is for suspect searches
within buildings.
The estimated number of
deployments in 2025 was 15 times
in training and five times in the
field.
None None MVPD
continues to
research and
evaluate
emerging UAS
technologies.
MVPD will also
research
potential
funding streams
for the possible
procurement of
updated
platforms.
7 Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy
Violations
Future
Purchases
DJI Mavic
3T
Wide/
Zoom/
Thermal
Camera
UAS
1 *$6,157
(when
purchased in
2023)
$0 cost in 2025
In 2025, this UAS platform was not
used. This UAS platform enhances
officer safety by enabling remote
assessment of risks, thereby
reducing potential harm to
personnel. It serves various
purposes, including documenting
crime scenes, suspect and missing
person searches, interagency
support, and tasks like aerial
surveillance for firefighting
support, building inspections, or
aerial photography.
None None None
planned
Robotex
Avatar Robot
1 *$12,389.21
(when
purchased in
2011)
$0 cost in 2025
In 2025, this robot was deployed
in the field once and used in
training eight (8) times. The robot
enters buildings ahead of officers
based on intelligence to gather
visual/audio information safely,
enhancing safety for individuals
and officers. Only trained,
assigned operators
can operate this equipment.
None None None
planned
8 Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy Violations
Future
Purchases
Category 3: mobility multi-purpose wheeled vehicles (HMMWV), two-and-one-half-ton trucks, five-ton trucks, or wheeled vehicles that have a breaching or entry apparatus attached.
Terradyne
Armored
Rescue
Vehicle (ARV)
1 $382,200 As noted in the 2024 AB 481 Report
and included in the Fiscal Year 2025-
26 Budget, the City purchased an
ARV. The vehicle has not yet been
delivered to the City. Therefore,
there was no use in 2025. Having an
ARV provides a safe, robust, rapid
response option in emergency
situations where there is a risk of
gunfire, violent confrontations, or
hazardous conditions (such as active
shooter events, riots, dangerous
rescues, high-risk warrant services,
and natural disasters). An ARV can
shield first responders, such as
paramedics, firefighters, and police,
from harm and can help safely extract
injured or trapped individuals from
dangerous areas.
None None Purchased
with an
estimated
delivery in
May 2026
Although the military equipment category for the ARV, category 3, contains, a broad range of possible equipment types, including traditional military vehicles such as “Humvees” the ARV purchased by the City is not designed for traditional military use. Instead, it is a purpose-built public safety vehicle constructed on a standard Ford F-550 chassis.
9 Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy
Violations
Future
Purchases
Category 5: Command and Control Vehicles that are Either Built or Modified to Facilitate the Operational Control and Direction of Public Safety Units Mobile
Command
Control
Vehicle
(MCV)
1 *$536,000
(when
purchased in
2016)
$0 cost for
maintenance
and repair
costs in 2025
In 2025, the Mobile Command
Vehicle (MCV) was deployed to
large concerts and other
Shoreline events, SWAT/Crisis
Negotiation Team training, City-
hosted and corporate events, and
driver familiarization exercises. It
provides command and control
capabilities and workspaces for
the Incident Commander at both
on-scene and remote locations,
supporting
incident and event management.
None None None
planned
SWAT
Command
Vehicle
1 * $229,884
(when
purchased in
2015)
$288.37
maintenance
and repair
costs in 2025
In 2025, the SWAT Command
Vehicle was deployed in the
field twice and was used in
monthly SWAT training. It
provides command and control
capabilities for the SWAT
Commander, transports SWAT
personnel and equipment,
facilitates training, and provides
a safe environment for
emergency medical and tactical
medic staff.
None None None
planned
10 Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy
Violations
Future
Purchases
Category 7: Battering Rams, Slugs, and Explosive Breaching Apparatuses Explosive
Breaching
Initiator
2 *$200
(when
purchased in
2002)
$0 cost in 2025
Explosive breaching
equipment was used only in
training in 2025.
This equipment enables safe,
quick entry into structures, is
restricted to SWAT incidents,
and requires Incident
Commander authorization for
deployment.
None None The
department
anticipates
purchasing
replacements
for
equipment
used in
training or
operations at
an estimated
cost of
$1,000.
Nonel MS
(blasting
cap)
134 *$3.75 each
(when
purchased in
2002)
$0 cost in 2025
Primacord
(50 grains
per foot)
—primary
explosive
2,956’ *$695 for 2,000’
(when
purchased in
2002)
$0 cost in 2025
11 Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy
Violations
Future
Purchases
Category 8: Firearms of .50-Caliber or Greater (Excludes Standard-Issue Shotguns and Standard-Issued Shotgun Ammunition)
.50-Caliber 1 The Barrett The Barret .50-caliber rifle
was not used for training or
deployed in the field in 2025.
It is designed for specific
strategic and tactical
purposes, such as stopping
weaponized vehicles,
penetrating heavy glass, or
neutralizing protected snipers.
It uses various ammunition
types to suit different
scenarios.
None None None
Semiautomatic .50 caliber planned
Rifle sniper rifle
was seized in
2006 during
a criminal
investigation
and now
belongs to
the MVPD.
$0 cost in 2025
Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy
Violations
Future
Purchases
Category 9: Ammunition of .50-Caliber or Greater
.50-Caliber
Ammunition
590
Rounds*
*$4,300
(when
purchased in
2021)
$0 cost in 2025
In 2025, the Barret .50-caliber
ammunition was not used for
training nor deployed in the field.
The rifle is compatible with
various ammunition types for
different uses (see Category 8).
None None None
planned
12 Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy
Violations
Future
Purchases
Category 10: Specialized Firearms and Ammunition of Less than .50-Caliber .308-Caliber
Sniper Rifle
2 *$7,518
(when
purchased in
2021)
$0 cost in 2025
In 2025, this firearm was not
deployed in the field. The
SWAT team trained monthly
with this sniper rifle. The rifle’s
primary functions are incident
observation and immediate
threat assessment.
None None None
planned
.308-Caliber
Ammunition
1,000 200 rounds
purchased in
2025 for 643.00
In 2025, 800 rounds of
ammunition were used in
firearms qualifications and
departmental training.
None None In 2026,
1,000 rounds
will be
purchased
for
approximately
$2,000.
B-West AK-47
.762
Semiautomatic
Rifle
1 *$500
(when
purchased in
2008)
$0 cost in 2025
The B-West AK-47 was not used
in 2025. It was acquired in lieu
of destruction in 2008 and
used for operator weapons
systems familiarity and
weapons systems capabilities.
This rifle is currently in
inventory and stored as
surplus.
None None None
planned
M4 .223 Rifle,
Semi- and
Fully
Automatic
2 *$3,000
(when
purchased in
2000)
$0 cost in 2025
The M4 .223 semi- and fully
automatic rifles were not
deployed in the field or in
training in 2025. These rifles
were the previously assigned
SWAT operator primary
weapon.
None None None
planned
HK MP5
Suppressed
9mm
Submachine
Gun
1 *$2,700
(when
purchased in
1994)
$0 cost in 2025
The HK MP5 suppressed
9mm submachine gun,
acquired for concealed carry
by plainclothes SWAT
operators, was used only in
training in 2025 and is stored
as surplus in inventory.
None None None planned
HK .308
Rifle
1 *$5,000
(when
purchased in
2010)
$0 cost in 2025
The HK .308 rifle was not
deployed in the field or used
in training in 2025. This
firearm is stored as surplus in
inventory.
None None None planned
13 The M4 rifles previously listed under category 10 are being removed from the military equipment inventory because they utilize the same platform and are consistent with standard-issue patrol rifles, which are excluded from reporting requirements as standard-issue service weapons.
Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy
Violations
Future
Purchases
Remington
870
Breaching
Shotgun
1 *$800
(when
purchased prior
to 1995)
$0 cost in 2025
The Remington 870 breaching
shotgun, designed for defeating
locks and hinges for emergency
entry, was neither deployed in
the field nor in training in 2025
and is stored as surplus in
inventory.
None None None
planned
Steyr AUG
.223 Rifle
1 *$2,000
(when
purchased prior
to 2010)
$0 cost in 2025
The Steyr AUG .223 rifle,
converted for blank ammunition
use in scenario training, was not
deployed in the field or in
training in 2025.
None None None
planned
14 Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy
Violations
Future
Purchases
Category 12: Noise Flash Diversionary Device and Chemical Munitions Chemical
Munitions
83* *$4,800
(when
purchased in
2018)
$2,076 in 2025
to replace
expired
munitions
In 2025, chemical munitions
were deployed in the field but
not fired, and were used only in
training to ensure certification
and proficiency. This includes
various chemical deployment
munition systems. These
munitions are used primarily as
a non-lethal tool to disperse
rioting and barricaded
suspects.
SWAT members spend about
four (4) hours per year on
chemical munitions training.
None None Approximately
40 rounds may
be purchased
in 2026 to
replace used
and/or expired
equipment.
The estimated
cost is
$3,000.
Noise Flash
Diversionary
Device (NFDD)
50 *$4,407
(when
purchased in
2018 &
2023)
$0 cost in 2025
In 2025, two (2) NFDDs were
deployed and detonated during
a criminal barricade. They were
also used in training to ensure
certification and proficiency.
NFDDs serve to distract or
disorient threats, aiding officers
in managing dangerous
situations.
SWAT members spent
approximately eight hours
training with NFDDs in 2025.
None None None planned
15 Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy
Violations
Future
Purchases
Category 14: Kinetic Energy Weapons and Specialty Munitions FN303 .68
Launcher
2 *$2,400
(when
purchased prior
to 2010)
$0 cost in 2025
The FN303 .68 launcher was only
used for training in 2025. It fires
.68-caliber projectiles, such as
impact, marker, chemical,
powder, and training rounds, to
prevent suspect access to
protected areas, control suspect
movement, cease suspect
actions, or disable or
disorient suspects.
None None None
planned
.68-Caliber
Projectiles
900 *$4,443
(when
purchased in
2023)
These munitions were deployed
only in training and are a non-
lethal option used to de-escalate
conflict.
None None None
planned
$0 cost in 2025
40mm LMT
Single-Shot
Sponge
Round
Launcher
42 *$1,800
(when
purchased)
$0 cost in 2025
In 2025, the 40mm LMT Single-
Shot Sponge Round Launchers
were deployed in the field but
not fired except at mandatory
training and qualifications. This
equipment provides the option
for gaining compliance through
less-lethal munitions.
None None None
planned
40mm LMT
4-Shot
1 *$2,300
(when
purchased)
In 2025, the 40mm LMT 4-Shot
Multi-Launcher was deployed in
the field, but not fired except at
None None None
planned
Multi-
Launcher
$0 cost in 2025
mandatory training and
qualifications. This equipment
provides the option for gaining
compliance
through less lethal munitions.
40mm
Sponge
Round
300 *$1,980
(when
purchased)
$5,675 in 2025
for 200 rounds
In 2025, these projectiles were
deployed in the field but not
fired. They were used for training
and qualification purposes.
Projectiles fired with the
launchers are used to prompt
individuals to stop their actions
when deemed a reasonable
option.
None None The
department
plans to
purchase 200
rounds in
2026 for
approximately
$6,000
16 * Purchased or acquired in previous fiscal years.
The (37) 12-Gauge Shotgun Beanbag Launchers and munitions are no longer in use. They have been disassembled and submitted for destruction...
Conclusion
This Assembly Bill 481 Annual Military Equipment Use Report is designed to ensure compliance with the law and Mountain View Police Department policies. The equipment, purpose, and training outlined in this report are essential in helping Mountain View officers maintain community safety. The department is committed to using this equipmen t responsibly, as it enhances the ability to deliver professional and efficient service during incidents that require a strategic law enforcement response.
Equipment
Name
Qty Cost Summary of Use and Purpose Complaints Policy
Violations
Future
Purchases
40mm
Less- Lethal
Sponge
Round with
Chemical
Agent
59 *$1,080
(when
purchased in
2020)
$0 cost in 2025
In 2025, these projectiles were
deployed in the field but not
fired except at 40mm training
and qualification.
Projectiles fired with the
launchers are used for the
purpose stated above.
None None None
planned
12-Gauge
Shotgun
Chemical
Munition
Launcher
1 *$400
(when
purchased
prior to 1995)
$0 cost in 2025
In 2025, the 12-Gauge Shotgun
Chemical Munition Launcher
was deployed in the field but
not fired except at training.
This equipment is used as a
non-lethal option to de-
escalate conflict.
None None None
planned
SAGE
37mm
Projectile
Launcher
3 *$2,325
(when
purchased
prior to 2000)
$0 cost in 2025
In 2025, the SAGE 37mm
Projectile Launcher was not
deployed in the field or in
training. It launches less-lethal
munitions and is currently
stored as surplus in inventory.
None None None
planned
Sage 37mm
Impact
Munition
50 *$500 (when
purchased prior
to 2000)
$0 cost in 2025
37mm impact munitions were
not deployed in the field nor
used in training in 2025.
Rounds for the above launcher
systems offer an additional
less-lethal option and are
currently stored as surplus.
None None None
planned