Agenda packet — Newark City Council, July 25, 2024 (part 2 of 2)

In addition, Article XIIID, of the California Constitution limits the amount of any assessment to the proportional “special benefit” conferred on the property. Article XIIID provides that only special benefits are assessable, and the City must separate the general benefits from the special benefits conferred on a parcel. There is no widely accepted or statutory formula for determining general and special benefit. However, the constitution states that a special benefit is different from a general benefit in that it is “particular and distinct” and “over and above” general benefits received by other properties.

The 1972 Act permits the designation of zones of benefit within any individual assessment district if “by reasons or variations in the nature, location, and extent of the improvements, the various areas will receive different degrees of benefit from the improvement.” Thus, the 1972 Act requires the levy of a true “assessment” rather than a “special tax”.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 16 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 12 Article XIIID provides that publicly owned properties must be assessed unless there is clear and convincing evidence that those properties receive no special benefit from the assessment. Exempted from the assessment would be the areas of public streets, public avenues, public lanes, public roads, public drives, public courts, public alleys, public easements and rights-of-ways, public greenbelts and public parkways, utility easements, and that portion of public property that is not developed and used for business purposes similar to private residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional activities.

The amount to be assessed may be apportioned by any formula or method which fairly distributes the amount among all assessable lots or parcels. In order for the City to separate out the general and special benefits for each improvement type, an analysis of each improvement was conducted. The analysis reviewed the purpose and users of each improvement, and then identified the properties that benefit from the improvement, and then allocated the costs to maintain, service, and replace each improvement type to each identified property.

Because general benefits are not assessable, any costs associated with general benefits are to be paid for by the City. Only the costs associated with the special benefits conferred on property within District from the authorized improvements are assessable, and therefore assessed herein. A summary of the benefits conferred by the improvements is described below.

Discussion of Benefit
Each of the improvements have been carefully reviewed by the City and the corresponding assessments have been proportionately spread to each parcel based on the special benefits conferred to property from the improvements as determined at the time the District was formed.

The District consists of all Assessor Parcels within the boundaries of the District. The method of apportioning costs and assessing properties is based upon the proportional special benefits to be conferred by the improvements and services within the boundaries of the District. The apportioning of special benefit is a two-step process: the first step is to identify the types of special benefits arising from the improvements and services, and the second step is to allocate the costs and assign assessments to property based on the estimates of the special benefit being conferred to each property.

In determining the proportionate special benefit derived by each identified parcel, the proximity of the parcel to the public improvements detailed in Part A above, and the capital, maintenance, and operating costs of said public improvements, was considered and analyzed. Due to the close proximity of the parcels to the improvements detailed in Part A above, it has been demonstrated and determined that the parcels are uniquely benefited by, and receive a direct advantage from, and are conferred a particular and distinct special benefit over and above general benefits by said public improvements in a way that is particular and distinct from its effect on other parcels, and that real property in general and the public at large do not share.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 16 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 13 In summary, the assessments can only be levied based on the special benefit to property conferred from the installation, maintenance, and servicing of the improvements funded by the District. These special benefits are not dependent on any one property owner's use of the improvements or their specific demographic status. The basis for these special benefits comes from statutes approved by the California Legislature and other studies that describe the types of benefits received by property from such improvements. The identified special benefits conferred to property from the improvements are summarized as follows.

Special Benefit from Landscape Maintenance
All parcels within the District receive special benefit from Landscape Maintenance. Trees, landscaping, hardscapes, ornamental structures, and appurtenant facilities, if well maintained, confer a particular and distinct special benefit upon real property within the District by providing beautification, shade and positive enhancement of the community character, attractiveness, and desirability of the surroundings. The landscape surrounding the development also acts as a buffer between nearby properties and the roadways improving the overall safety of properties within the development. In addition, the trees and plantings adjacent to the development help absorb noise and create a buffer between the road and nearby properties, reducing noise levels and creating a more peaceful environment. In addition, all the aforementioned contribute to a specific increase in property desirability and a specific enhancement of the property value of each parcel within the District.

In Parkways and Land Values, written by John Nolan and Henry V. Hubbard in 1937, it is stated:
" ... there is no lack of opinion, based on general principles and experience and common sense, that parkways do in fact add value to property, even though the amount cannot be determined exactly .... Indeed, in most cases where public money has been spent on parkways the assumption has been made that the proposed parkway will show a provable financial profit to the City. It has been believed that the establishment of parkways causes a rise in real estate values throughout the City, or in parts of the City, ... " It should be noted that the definition of "parkways" above may include the roadway as well as the landscaping alongside the roadway.

Special Benefit from Park Maintenance
All parcels within District receive special benefit from Park Maintenance. The overall quality of life and desirability of an area is enhanced, when public parks and recreational facilities are in place, improved, operable, safe, clean, and properly maintained.

Conversely, property desirability decreases when park and recreational facilities are unsafe or destroyed by the elements or vandalism.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 16 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 14 Property desirability in an area also increases when there is an increase in the number of parks, recreation centers and sports facilities. These park and recreational facilities enable property owners to participate in sporting events, leisure activities, picnics, organized social events, and other miscellaneous activities.

Studies in several communities, including counties and cities throughout the United States, have indicated that recreation areas and facilities, if well maintained and wisely administered, have caused a marked increase in the property values of parcels in the community. Consequently, such recreation and park facilities have proved a potent factor in maintaining a sound economic condition and a high standard of livability in the community. These studies confirm the opinion, long held by planning authorities, as to the economic value of parks and recreational facilities in a community. “The recreation value is realized as a rise in the value of land and other property in or near the recreation area, and is of both private interest to the landowner and others, holding an economic stake in the area, and of public interest to the taxpayers, who have a stake ...." (National Recreation and Park Association, June 1985)
“Recreation and park amenities are central components in establishing the quality of life in a community. ... [Businesses’] main resource is their employees for whom quality of life is an important issue… The availability and attractiveness of local parks and programs influences some companies’ relocation decisions. ... the presence of a park encourages real estate development around it.... ". (California Parks & Recreation, Winter 1997) The benefit of parks and other recreational facilities to residential and commercial/industrial properties has been summarized by several studies. The United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service, in a publication from June 1984, concluded that:
• Parks and recreation stimulate business and generate tax revenues • Parks and recreation help conserve land, energy, and resources • An investment in parks and recreation helps reduce pollution and noise, makes communities more livable, and increases property values • Public recreation benefits all residents and employers by providing continuing opportunities to maintain a level of fitness throughout one's working life, and through helping individuals cope with the stress of a fast-paced and demanding life Proper maintenance and operation of the mini park within the District benefits those properties within the development by providing environmental quality and recreational enhancement.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 16 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 15 General Benefit
Since the in-tract streets within the development are designed to have minimal flow through traffic and the mini park within the District was designed for use by the properties within the District, there are few reasons for the public to visit the mini park or vehicles to access the in-tract streets unless their destination is to or from a single-family residential parcel within the development. However, it is reasonable to conclude that members of the public may use the mini park and vehicular traffic may on a rare occasion utilize the in-tract streets due to the need to turn around or a mistaken turn into the development. These rare circumstances where a pedestrian uses the mini park or a vehicle mistakenly uses the intract streets, have been determined to be a rare and infrequent circumstance. Even though these are rare and infrequent circumstances, they must be accounted for and cannot be assessed to the properties within the Districts. Therefore, based on low likelihood of the general public visiting the mini park and minimal if any flow-through traffic, it is conservatively estimated that approximately 98% of the annual trips to the mini park or along local in-tract roadways within the development would be a special and direct benefit to the parcels within the District and 2% of the annual trips to the mini park or along local in-tract roadways within the development would be a general benefit.

The share of costs attributable to the general benefits associated with the District improvements cannot be assessed to properties within the District, but are required to be paid by some other source, such as the City’s General Fund.

Method of Assessment
This process of apportioning assessments to each property involves determining the relative special benefit received by each property from the improvements and services.

Therefore, the City and Engineer at the time of formation determined that each parcel within the boundaries of the District receives a similar benefit from the improvements.

Therefore, the most appropriate method of apportioning costs was determined to be spreading all District costs equally to each parcel in the District. This methodology is commonly used to distribute assessments in proportion to estimated special benefit and is generally recognized as providing the basis for a fair and appropriate distribution of assessments.

In Fiscal Year 2024-25, the City proposes to generate the maximum assessment revenue from the assessable parcels located in the District, which amounts to $209.50 per parcel to be levied. A listing of each assessable parcel and their proposed Fiscal Year 2024-25 assessment is on the Assessment Roll in Part E of this Report.

Exempted from the assessment would be the areas of public streets, public avenues, public lanes, public roads, public drives, public courts, public alleys, public easements and rights-of-ways, public greenbelts, and public parkways (all of which are typically not assigned an Assessor’s Parcel Number (APN) by the County). Also exempted from the assessment would be public agency owned property, utility rights-of-ways, common areas (such as in condominium complexes or those that are owned by a Homeowner’s or Property Owner’s Association), and any other property that is deemed to be unable to develop by the City. These types of parcels do not benefit from the improvements.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 16 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 16 Appeals and Interpretations
Any property owner who feels that the assessment levied on the subject property is in error because of incorrect information being used to apply the foregoing method of assessment, may file a written appeal with City Engineer or his or her designee. Any such appeal is limited to correction of an assessment during the then current or, if before July 1, the upcoming fiscal year. Upon the filing of any such appeal, the City Engineer or his or her designee will promptly review the appeal and any information provided by the property owner. If the City Engineer or his or her designee finds that the assessment should be modified, the appropriate changes shall be made to the assessment roll. If any such changes are approved after the assessment roll has been filed with the County for collection, the City Engineer or his or her designee is authorized to refund to the property owner the amount of any approved reduction. Any property owner who disagrees with the decision of the City Engineer or her or his designee may refer their appeal to the City Council and the decision of the City Council shall be final.

CITY OF NEWARK PART E
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 16 ASSESSMENT ROLL 17 PART E

ASSESSMENT ROLL
A list of names and addresses of the owners of all parcels, and the description of each parcel within the District is shown on the last equalized Secured Property Tax Roll of the Alameda County Assessor, which by reference is hereby made a part of this Report.

This list is keyed to the Assessor’s Parcel Numbers as shown on the Assessment Roll, which includes the proposed amount of assessments for Fiscal Year 2024-25 apportioned to each parcel. The Assessment Roll is on file in the Public Works Department of the City and is included in this Report beginning on the next page.

The total proposed assessment for Fiscal Year 2024-25 is $19,902.50.

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 16

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number
Assessment
Amount
092A-2597-001-00 $209.50
092A-2597-002-00 $209.50
092A-2597-003-00 $209.50
092A-2597-004-00 $209.50
092A-2597-005-00 $209.50
092A-2597-006-00 $209.50
092A-2597-007-00 $209.50
092A-2597-008-00 $209.50
092A-2597-009-00 $209.50
092A-2597-010-00 $209.50
092A-2597-011-00 $209.50
092A-2597-012-00 $209.50
092A-2597-013-00 $209.50
092A-2597-014-00 $209.50
092A-2597-015-00 $209.50
092A-2597-016-00 $209.50
092A-2597-017-00 $209.50
092A-2597-018-00 $209.50
092A-2597-019-00 $209.50
092A-2597-020-00 $209.50
092A-2597-021-00 $209.50
092A-2597-022-00 $209.50
092A-2597-023-00 $209.50
092A-2597-024-00 $209.50
092A-2597-025-00 $209.50
092A-2597-026-00 $209.50
092A-2597-027-00 $209.50
092A-2597-028-00 $209.50
092A-2597-029-00 $209.50
092A-2597-030-00 $209.50
092A-2597-031-00 $209.50
092A-2597-032-00 $209.50
092A-2597-033-00 $209.50
092A-2597-034-00 $209.50
092A-2597-035-00 $209.50
092A-2597-036-00 $209.50
092A-2597-037-00 $209.50
092A-2597-038-00 $209.50
092A-2597-039-00 $209.50
092A-2597-040-00 $209.50
092A-2597-041-00 $209.50
092A-2597-042-00 $209.50
092A-2597-043-00 $209.50
092A-2597-044-00 $209.50
092A-2597-045-00 $209.50
092A-2597-046-00 $209.50
092A-2597-047-00 $209.50
092A-2597-048-00 $209.50
092A-2597-049-00 $209.50
092A-2597-050-00 $209.50
092A-2597-051-00 $209.50
092A-2597-052-00 $209.50
Assessor's
Parcel
Number
Assessment
Amount
092A-2597-053-00 $209.50
092A-2597-054-00 $209.50
092A-2597-055-00 $209.50
092A-2597-056-00 $209.50
092A-2597-057-00 $209.50
092A-2597-058-00 $209.50
092A-2597-059-00 $209.50
092A-2597-060-00 $209.50
092A-2597-061-00 $209.50
092A-2597-062-00 $209.50
092A-2597-063-00 $209.50
092A-2597-064-00 $209.50
092A-2597-065-00 $209.50
092A-2597-066-00 $209.50
092A-2597-067-00 $209.50
092A-2597-068-00 $209.50
092A-2597-069-00 $209.50
092A-2597-070-00 $209.50
092A-2597-071-00 $209.50
092A-2597-072-00 $209.50
092A-2597-073-00 $209.50
092A-2597-074-00 $209.50
092A-2597-075-00 $209.50
092A-2597-076-00 $209.50
092A-2597-077-00 $209.50
092A-2597-078-00 $209.50
092A-2597-079-00 $209.50
092A-2597-080-00 $209.50
092A-2597-081-00 $209.50
092A-2597-082-00 $209.50
092A-2597-083-00 $209.50
092A-2597-084-00 $209.50
092A-2597-085-00 $209.50
092A-2597-086-00 $209.50
092A-2597-087-00 $209.50
092A-2597-088-00 $209.50
092A-2597-089-00 $209.50
092A-2597-090-00 $209.50
092A-2597-091-00 $209.50
092A-2597-092-00 $209.50
092A-2597-093-00 $209.50
092A-2597-094-00 $209.50
092A-2597-095-00 $209.50
Total Parcels: 95
Total Assessment: $19,902.50
PART E - 1 05/03/24
Landscaping and Lighting District No. 17
Fiscal Year 2024-25
Preliminary Engineer’s Report
June 13, 2024
CITY OF NEWARK FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 TABLE OF CONTENTS i
Table of Contents
Page No.

Certificate......................................................................................... ii Section I - Introduction.....................................................................1 Section II – Engineer’s Report .........................................................3 Part A – Plans and Specifications .........................................4 Part B – Estimate of Cost......................................................7 Part C – Assessment District Diagram ..................................9 Part D – Method of Apportionment of Assessments............11 Part E - Assessment Roll ....................................................16 CITY OF NEWARK FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 CERTIFICATE
ii

ENGINEER'S REPORT

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
The undersigned, acting on behalf of Francisco & Associates respectfully submits the enclosed Engineer's Report as directed by the Newark City Council pursuant to the provisions of Article XIIID, Section 4 of the California Constitution, and the Landscape and Lighting Act of 1972 being Section 22500 et al of the California Streets and Highways Code (the “1972 Act”). The undersigned certifies that he is a Professional Engineer, registered in the State of California.

Dated: May 14, 2024 By:

Eduardo Espinoza, P.E.

RCE # 83709

CITY OF NEWARK SECTION I
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 INTRODUCTION
1 SECTION I

INTRODUCTION
The City of Newark (“City”) levies and collects special assessments on parcels within the City of Newark Landscaping and Lighting District No. 17 (“District”) to maintain public improvements. The District was formed in May of 2004 to provide a dedicated source of funding for the ongoing maintenance of landscaping improvements benefiting property within the boundaries of the District.

The assessments and method of apportionment described in this Report utilize commonly accepted assessment engineering practices and have been calculated and proportionately spread to each parcel based on the special benefits received as approved by the City Council at the time the District was formed.

The District generally consists of those properties within the infill development of Tract 7004 north of Mayhews Landing Road, along Dijon Drive, and south of Bellhaven Avenue. A reduced copy of the Assessment Diagram showing the exterior boundaries of the District is provided in Part C of this Report.

Impacts of Proposition 218
On November 5, 1996 California voters approved Proposition 218 entitled "Right to Vote on Taxes Act" which added Articles XIIIC and XIIID to the California Constitution. While its title refers only to taxes, Proposition 218 established new procedural requirements for the formation and administration of assessment districts.

These new procedures stipulate that even if assessments are initially exempt from Proposition 218, future increases in assessments must comply with the provisions of Proposition 218. However, if the increase in assessments were anticipated in the assessment formula (e.g., CPI increase or assessment cap) then the assessment would comply with the intent and provisions of Proposition 218.

Current Annual Administration
As required by the 1972 Act, the Engineer's Report includes: (1) a description of the improvements to be operated, maintained, and serviced by the District, (2) a cost estimate for the District, and (3) a listing of the proposed Fiscal Year 2024-25 assessments to be levied upon each assessable lot or parcel within the District.

The City will hold a Public Hearing on July 11, 2024, regarding this District which will provide an opportunity for any interested person to be heard. At the conclusion of the Public Hearing, the City Council may adopt a resolution confirming the assessment rates as originally proposed or as modified. Payment of annual assessments for each parcel will be made in the same manner and at the same time as payments are made for their annual property taxes.

All funds collected through the assessments must be placed in a special fund and can only be used for the purposes stated within this Report.

CITY OF NEWARK SECTION II
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 ENGINEER’S REPORT 2 SECTION II

ENGINEER'S REPORT PREPARED FOR THE CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Pursuant to the Landscaping and Lighting Act of 1972 (Part 2 of Division 15 of the Streets and Highways Code of the State of California), and in accordance with the Resolution of Initiation, being Resolution No. 11631, which directs the preparation and filing of the Engineer’s Report, adopted by the City Council of the City of Newark, on April 11, 2024, the following Report was prepared consisting of Section I (Introduction), and this, Section II, which consists of five (5) parts as follows:

PART A: PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS
This part describes the improvements maintained by the District. Plans and specifications for the improvements are on file in the Office of the Director of Public Works of the City of Newark and are incorporated herein by reference.

PART B: ESTIMATE OF COST
This part contains an estimate of the cost of the proposed improvements to be maintained for Fiscal Year 2024-25, including incidental costs and expenses in connection therewith.

The estimate is attached hereto and is on file in the Office of the Director of Public Works of the City of Newark.

PART C: ASSESSMENT DISTRICT DIAGRAM
This part incorporates a Diagram of the District showing the exterior boundaries of the District, the boundaries of any zones within the District and the lines and dimensions of each lot or parcel of land within the District. This Diagram has been prepared by the Engineer of Work and is on file in the Office of the Director of Public Works of the City of Newark.

The lines and dimensions of each lot or parcel within the District are those lines and dimensions shown on the maps of the Alameda County Assessor for the year when this Report was prepared. The Assessor’s maps and records are incorporated by reference herein and made a part of this Report.

CITY OF NEWARK SECTION II
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 ENGINEER’S REPORT 3 PART D: METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT OF ASSESSMENTS
This part describes the method of apportionment of assessments, based upon each parcel’s classification within the District in proportion to the estimated special benefits to be received.

PART E: ASSESSMENT ROLL
This part contains an assessment of the estimated cost of the improvements apportioned to each benefited parcel of land within the District. The Assessment Roll is filed in the Office of the City Clerk of the City of Newark and is incorporated in this Report. The list is keyed to the records of the Alameda County Assessor, which are incorporated herein by reference.

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 4 PART A

PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS
IMPROVEMENTS AND SERVICES PURSUANT TO THE 1972 ACT
The improvements and services authorized by the provisions of the Landscape and Lighting Act of 1972, being Part 2 of Division 15 of the Streets and Highways Code, commencing with Section 22500 (hereafter referred to as the “1972 Act”), that may be applicable to this District and associated assessments may include one or more of the following definitions:
• “Improvement” means one or any combination of the following:
o The installation or planting of landscaping.
o The installation or construction of statuary, fountains, and other ornamental structures and facilities.
o The installation or construction of public lighting facilities, including, but not limited to, traffic signals.
o The installation or construction of any facilities which are appurtenant to any of the forgoing, or which are necessary or convenient for the maintenance or servicing thereof, including, but not limited to, grading, clearing, removal of debris, the installation or construction of curbs, gutters, walls, sidewalks, or paving, or water, irrigation, drainage, or electrical facilities. o The installation of park or recreational improvements, including, but not limited to all the following:
 Land preparation, such as grading, leveling, cutting and filling, sod, landscaping, irrigation systems, sidewalks, and drainage.  Lights, playground equipment, play courts, and public restrooms. o The maintenance or servicing, or both, of any of the forgoing, and of any improvements authorized below.
o The acquisition of land for park, recreational, or open space purposes. o The acquisition of any existing improvement otherwise authorized herein. o The acquisition or construction of any community center, municipal auditorium or hall, or similar public facility for the indoor presentation of performances, shows, stage productions, fairs, conventions, exhibitions, pageants, meetings, parties, or other group events, activities, or functions, whether those events, activities, or functions are public or private.

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 5 • “Incidental expenses” include all the following:
o The costs of preparation of the report, including plans, specifications, estimates, diagram, and assessment.
o The costs of printing, advertising, and giving of published, posted, and mailed notices.
o Compensation payable to the county for collection of assessments. o Compensation of any engineer or attorney employed to render services in proceedings pursuant to this part.
o Any other expenses incidental to the construction, installation, or maintenance and servicing of improvements.
o Any expenses incidental to the construction, installation, or maintenance and servicing of the improvements.
o Any expenses incidental to the issuance of bonds or notes. o Costs associated with any elections held for the approval of a new or increased assessment.
• “Landscaping” means trees, shrubs, grass, or other ornamental vegetation. • “Maintain” or “maintenance” means the furnishing of services and materials for the ordinary and usual maintenance, operation, and services of any improvement, including:
o Repair, removal or replacement of all or any part of any improvement. o Providing for the life, growth, health, and beauty of landscaping, including cultivation, irrigation, trimming, spraying, fertilizing, or treating for disease or injury.
o The removal of trimmings, rubbish, debris, and other solid waste. o The cleaning, sandblasting, and painting of walls and other improvements to remove or cover graffiti.
• “Public lighting facilities” means all works or improvements used or useful for the lighting of any public places, including ornamental standards, luminaries, poles, supports, tunnels, manholes, vaults, conduits, pipes, wires, conductors, guys, stubs, platforms, braces, transformers, insulators, contacts, switches, capacitors, meters, communication circuits, appliances, attachments, and appurtenances. • “Service” or “servicing” means the furnishing of:
o Electric current or energy, gas, or other illuminating agent for any public lighting facilities or for the lighting or operation of any other improvements. o Water for the irrigation of any landscaping, the operation of any fountains, or the maintenance of any other improvements.

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 6 DESCRIPTION OF DISTRICT IMPROVEMENTS
The improvements, which have been constructed within the City, and those which may be subsequently constructed, operated, maintained, and serviced with District assessments are generally described as follows:
• The Landscape Improvements include, but are not limited to landscaping, planting, turf, trees, irrigation systems, and fixtures in public street and sidewalk rights-of-way, including parkways and other easements dedicated to the City within, and adjacent to, the District.

A more detailed description of the facilities which either have or will be constructed, operated, maintained, and serviced are generally described as follows.

The maintenance of landscaping and the landscape irrigation system within the public right-of-way along the street frontages of Newark Boulevard and Mayhews Landing Road associated with Tract 7004.

Improvement diagrams have been prepared identifying all improvements and areas that are to be maintained by the District. A copy of these diagrams is on file with the City’s Public Works Department.

CITY OF NEWARK PART B
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 ESTIMATE OF COSTS 7 PART B

ESTIMATE OF COSTS
The 1972 Act requires that a special fund be set up for the collection of revenues and expenditures of the District. The Act provides that the total cost of construction, operation, and maintenance and servicing of the public improvements specified in Part A of this Report can be recovered by the District. Incidental expenses including administration of the District, engineering fees, legal fees and all other costs associated with the construction, operation and maintenance and servicing of the District can also be included.

Funds raised from the assessments shall be used only for the expenditures represented above. A contribution to the District by the City may be made to reduce assessments as the City deems appropriate. Any balance remaining on July 1 at the end of the fiscal year must be carried over to the next fiscal year unless the funds are being accumulated for future capital replacement projects or operating reserves.

The following table provides a summary of the estimated District revenues and cost estimates for Fiscal Year 2024-25.

Projected Revenues
Assessment Revenue $6,237
Non-Assessment Revenues1 $310
Total Projected Revenues $6,547
Projected Expenses
Contract Services $1,929
Utilities $3,500
Administration and Incidentals $2,702
County Collection Fees $106
Unforeseen Maintenance and Repairs2 $412
Total Projected Expenses $8,649
Projected Fund Balance
Beginning Fund Balance - July 1, 2024 $9,115
Reserve Fund Collection Increase/(Decrease) ($2,102)
Ending Fund Balance - June 30, 2025 $7,013
Recommended Operating Reserves $4,118
Available Operating Reserves $4,118
Available Capital Reserves $2,895
1 Non-Assessment Revenues include interest earnings estimated at 1.5% of Projected Beginning Fund Balance and the City contribution in the amount of $173 for General Benefits conferred to the public at large. 2 Unforeseen Maintenance and Repairs are assumed to be 5% of the Projected Expenses.

Landscaping and Lighting District No. 17
Fiscal Year 2024-25 Cost Estimate

CITY OF NEWARK PART B
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 ESTIMATE OF COSTS 8 The purpose of the various reserves is to ensure the District will have funds available for cashflow purposes and to repair or reconstruct the improvements that are the responsibility of the District.

The Recommended Operating Reserve target is fifty percent (50%) of the projected expenditures. Maintaining a fully funded Operating Reserve eliminates the need for the City to transfer funds from non-District accounts to pay for operational expenses during the first half of the fiscal year and provides the District with sufficient funds to address any unforeseen or unusual expenditures that may occur during the year.

The purpose of collecting and holding funds in a Capital Reserve is so that when improvements need to be replaced or expenditures are greater than can be conveniently raised from a single year’s assessment, funds are available so that the District can respond and address the need promptly.

CITY OF NEWARK PART C
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM 9 PART C

ASSESSMENT DISTRICT DIAGRAM
The boundaries of the District are shown herein. The Diagram is on file in the Public Works Department of the City and shown on the following page of this Engineer's Report. The lines and dimensions of each parcel within the District are those lines and dimensions shown on the maps of the Alameda County Assessor for the year in which this Report was prepared and are incorporated by reference herein and made part of this Report.

A reduced copy of the Assessment Diagram is shown on the following page.

NEWARK
BL

BELLHAVEN AV
HAFNER
ST

MUSICK AV

MAYHEWS LANDING RD
DIJON
DR

BIDDLE AV

PEUGEOT PL

BENNINGTON
DR

BARNARD
ST

BELLHAVEN
PL

ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM
Legend
LLD No. 17 Boundary
Parcels
± 0 190 380
Feet
(MER SOLIEL/TRACT 7004)
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 11 PART D

The method used for apportioning the assessment is based upon the relative special benefits to be derived by the properties in the District and any established benefit zones.

The assessment is apportioned to each parcel in proportion to the relative cost of the special benefits from the improvements.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 12 Article XIIID provides that publicly owned properties must be assessed unless there is clear and convincing evidence that those properties receive no special benefit from the assessment. Exempted from the assessment would be the areas of public streets, public avenues, public lanes, public roads, public drives, public courts, public alleys, public easements and rights-of-ways, public greenbelts and public parkways, utility easements, and that portion of public property that is not developed and used for business purposes similar to private residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional activities.

Because general benefits are not assessable, any costs associated with general benefits are to be paid for by the City. Only the costs associated with the special benefits conferred on property within the District from the authorized improvements are assessable, and therefore assessed herein. A summary of the benefits conferred by the improvements is described below.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 13 In summary, the assessments can only be levied based on the special benefit to property conferred from the installation, maintenance, and servicing of the improvements funded by the District. These special benefits are not dependent on any one property owner's use of the improvements or their specific demographic status. The basis for these special benefits comes from statutes approved by the California Legislature and other studies that describe the types of benefits received by property from such improvements. The identified special benefits conferred to property from the improvements are summarized as follows.

Special Benefit from Landscape Maintenance
All parcels within the District receive special benefit from Landscape Maintenance. Trees, landscaping, hardscapes, ornamental structures, and appurtenant facilities, if well maintained, confer a particular and distinct special benefit upon real property within the District by providing beautification, shade and positive enhancement of the community character, attractiveness, and desirability of the surroundings through association with the improvements. The landscape surrounding the development not only enhances beautification of the adjacent development but also acts as a buffer between nearby properties and the roadways improving the overall safety of properties within the development. In addition, the trees and plantings adjacent to the development help absorb noise and create a buffer between the road and nearby properties, reducing noise levels and creating a more peaceful environment. In addition, all the aforementioned contribute to a specific increase in property desirability and a specific enhancement of the property value of each parcel within the District.

General Benefit
In reviewing each of the District improvements, the proximity of those improvements to both properties within the District and those outside the District, as well as the reasons for installing and constructing such improvements, it is evident that the improvements are solely the result of developing properties within the District, and the ongoing maintenance and operation of these improvements will directly affect the properties within the District.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 14 outside the District boundary and any public access or use of the improvements by others is incidental. Though the landscape was designed as a result of the development of the properties, and for use by the properties within the District, it is reasonable to conclude that pedestrians passing by and the traffic flow along the roadways adjacent to the landscaping receive some incidental benefit from the improvements and such incidental benefits must be accounted for and cannot be assessed to the properties within the District. Therefore, it is conservatively estimated that approximately 98% of the benefit conferred by the landscaping constructed for the development and properties within the District would be a special and direct benefit to the parcels within the District and 2% of the benefit is conservatively conferred to the public at large that may utilize the roadway adjacent to the development would be a general benefit.

Method of Assessment
This process of apportioning assessments to each property involves determining the relative special benefit received by each property from the improvements and services.

Therefore, the City and Engineer at the time of formation determined that each parcel within the boundaries of the District receives a similar benefit from the improvements.

In Fiscal Year 2024-25, the City proposes to generate the maximum assessment revenue from the assessable parcels located in the District, which amounts to $189.00 per parcel to be levied. A listing of each assessable parcel and their proposed Fiscal Year 2024-25 assessment is on the Assessment Roll in Part E of this Report.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 15 Appeals and Interpretations
Any property owner who feels that the assessment levied on the subject property is in error because of incorrect information being used to apply the foregoing method of assessment, may file a written appeal with City Engineer or his or her designee. Any such appeal is limited to correction of an assessment during the then current or, if before July 1, the upcoming fiscal year. Upon the filing of any such appeal, the City Engineer or his or her designee will promptly review the appeal and any information provided by the property owner. If the City Engineer or his or her designee finds that the assessment should be modified, the appropriate changes shall be made to the assessment roll. If any such changes are approved after the assessment roll has been filed with the County for collection, the City Engineer or his or her designee is authorized to refund to the property owner the amount of any approved reduction. Any property owner who disagrees with the decision of the City Engineer or her or his designee may refer their appeal to the City Council and the decision of the City Council shall be final.

CITY OF NEWARK PART E
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 17 ASSESSMENT ROLL 16 PART E

The total proposed assessment for Fiscal Year 2024-25 is $6,237.00.

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 17

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number
Assessment
Amount
092A-0623-089-00 $189.00
092A-0623-090-00 $189.00
092A-0623-091-00 $189.00
092A-0623-092-00 $189.00
092A-0623-093-00 $189.00
092A-0623-094-00 $189.00
092A-0623-095-00 $189.00
092A-0623-096-00 $189.00
092A-0623-097-00 $189.00
092A-0623-098-00 $189.00
092A-0623-099-00 $189.00
092A-0623-100-00 $189.00
092A-0623-101-00 $189.00
092A-0623-102-00 $189.00
092A-0623-103-00 $189.00
092A-0623-104-00 $189.00
092A-0623-105-00 $189.00
092A-0623-106-00 $189.00
092A-0623-107-00 $189.00
092A-0623-108-00 $189.00
092A-0623-109-00 $189.00
092A-0623-110-00 $189.00
092A-0623-111-00 $189.00
092A-0623-112-00 $189.00
092A-0623-113-00 $189.00
092A-0623-114-00 $189.00
092A-0623-115-00 $189.00
092A-0623-116-00 $189.00
092A-0623-117-00 $189.00
092A-0623-118-00 $189.00
092A-0623-119-00 $189.00
092A-0623-120-00 $189.00
092A-0623-121-00 $189.00
Total Parcels: 33
Total Assessment: $6,237.00
PART E - 1 05/03/24
Landscaping and Lighting District No. 18
Fiscal Year 2024-25
Preliminary Engineer’s Report
June 13, 2024
CITY OF NEWARK FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 TABLE OF CONTENTS i
Table of Contents
Page No.

Certificate......................................................................................... ii Section I - Introduction.....................................................................1 Section II – Engineer’s Report .........................................................3 Part A – Plans and Specifications .........................................5 Part B – Estimate of Cost......................................................8 Part C – Assessment District Diagram ................................10 Part D – Method of Apportionment of Assessments............12 Part E - Assessment Roll ....................................................16 CITY OF NEWARK FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 CERTIFICATE
ii

ENGINEER'S REPORT

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
The undersigned, acting on behalf of Francisco & Associates respectfully submits the enclosed Engineer's Report as directed by the Newark City Council pursuant to the provisions of Article XIIID, Section 4 of the California Constitution, and the Landscape and Lighting Act of 1972 being Section 22500 et al of the California Streets and Highways Code (the “1972 Act”). The undersigned certifies that he is a Professional Engineer, registered in the State of California.

Dated: May 14, 2024 By:

Eduardo Espinoza, P.E.

RCE # 83709

CITY OF NEWARK SECTION I
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 INTRODUCTION
1 SECTION I

INTRODUCTION
The City of Newark (“City”) levies and collects special assessments on parcels within the City of Newark Landscaping and Lighting District No. 18 (“District”) to maintain public improvements. The District was formed in June of 2015 to provide a dedicated source of funding for the ongoing maintenance of landscaping improvements benefiting parcels within the boundaries of the District.

The District generally consists of those properties within the developments of Tract 8130, which is located north of Cedar Boulevard, south of Timber Street and the Nimitz Freeway, west of Central Avenue and the adjacent commercial and industrial structures, and east of the Public Storage property. A reduced copy of the Assessment Diagram showing the exterior boundaries of the District is provided in Part C of this Report.

CITY OF NEWARK SECTION I
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 INTRODUCTION
2 Payment of annual assessments for each parcel will be made in the same manner and at the same time as payments are made for their annual property taxes. All funds collected through the assessments must be placed in a special fund and can only be used for the purposes stated within this Report.

CITY OF NEWARK SECTION II
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 ENGINEER’S REPORT 3 SECTION II

ENGINEER'S REPORT PREPARED FOR THE CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Pursuant to the Landscaping and Lighting Act of 1972 (Part 2 of Division 15 of the Streets and Highways Code of the State of California), and in accordance with the Resolution of Initiation, being Resolution No. 11631, which directs the preparation and filing of the Engineer’s Report, adopted by the City Council of the City of Newark, on April 11, 2024 the following Report was prepared consisting of Section I (Introduction), and this, Section II, which consists of five (5) parts as follows:

The estimate is attached hereto and is on file in the Office of the Director of Public Works of the City of Newark.

CITY OF NEWARK SECTION II
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 ENGINEER’S REPORT 4 PART D: METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT OF ASSESSMENTS
This part describes the method of apportionment of assessments, based upon each parcel’s classification within the District in proportion to the estimated special benefits to be received.

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 5 PART A

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 6 • “Incidental expenses” include all the following:
o The costs of preparation of the report, including plans, specifications, estimates, diagram, and assessment.
o The costs of printing, advertising, and giving of published, posted, and mailed notices.
o Compensation payable to the county for collection of assessments. o Compensation of any engineer or attorney employed to render services in proceedings pursuant to this part.
o Any other expenses incidental to the construction, installation, or maintenance and servicing of improvements.
o Any expenses incidental to the construction, installation, or maintenance and servicing of the improvements.
o Any expenses incidental to the issuance of bonds or notes. o Costs associated with any elections held for the approval of a new or increased assessment.
• “Landscaping” means trees, shrubs, grass, or other ornamental vegetation. • “Maintain” or “maintenance” means the furnishing of services and materials for the ordinary and usual maintenance, operation, and services of any improvement, including:
o Repair, removal or replacement of all or any part of any improvement. o Providing for the life, growth, health, and beauty of landscaping, including cultivation, irrigation, trimming, spraying, fertilizing, or treating for disease or injury.
o The removal of trimmings, rubbish, debris, and other solid waste. o The cleaning, sandblasting, and painting of walls and other improvements to remove or cover graffiti.
• “Public lighting facilities” means all works or improvements used or useful for the lighting of any public places, including ornamental standards, luminaries, poles, supports, tunnels, manholes, vaults, conduits, pipes, wires, conductors, guys, stubs, platforms, braces, transformers, insulators, contacts, switches, capacitors, meters, communication circuits, appliances, attachments, and appurtenances. • “Service” or “servicing” means the furnishing of:
o Electric current or energy, gas, or other illuminating agent for any public lighting facilities or for the lighting or operation of any other improvements. o Water for the irrigation of any landscaping, the operation of any fountains, or the maintenance of any other improvements.

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 7 DESCRIPTION OF DISTRICT IMPROVEMENTS
The improvements, which have been constructed within the City, and those which may be subsequently constructed, operated, maintained, and serviced with District assessments are generally described as follows:
• The Landscape Improvements include, but are not limited to landscaping, planting, turf, trees, irrigation systems, and fixtures in medians, public streets, and sidewalk rights-of-way, including parkways and other easements dedicated to the City within, and adjacent to, the District.

A more detailed description of the facilities which either have or will be constructed, operated, maintained, and serviced are generally described as follows.

The maintenance of landscaping and the landscape irrigation system within the Cedar Boulevard street medians along the frontage of Tract 8130.

CITY OF NEWARK PART B
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 ESTIMATE OF COSTS 8 PART B

The following table provides a summary of the estimated District revenues and cost estimates for Fiscal Year 2024-25.

Projected Revenues
Assessment Revenue $10,981
Non-Assessment Revenues1 $1,682
Total Projected Revenues $12,663
Projected Expenses
Contract Services2 $25,279
Utilities $6,000
Administration and Incidentals $4,880
County Collection Fees $187
Unforeseen Maintenance and Repairs2 $1,817
Total Projected Expenses $38,162
Projected Fund Balance
Beginning Fund Balance - July 1, 2024 $61,222
Reserve Fund Collection Increase/(Decrease) ($25,499)
Ending Fund Balance - June 30, 2025 $35,722
Recommended Operating Reserves $18,173
Available Operating Reserves $18,173
Available Capital Reserves $17,550
1 Non-Assessment Revenues include interest earnings estimated at 1.5% of Projected Beginning Fund Balance and the City contribution in the amount of $763 for General Benefits conferred to the public at large. 2 Includes $15,000 for Plant and Tree Replacement, Grading, and Irrigation repair projects. 3 Unforeseen Maintenance and Repairs are assumed to be 5% of the Projected Expenses.

Landscaping and Lighting District No. 18
Fiscal Year 2024-25 Cost Estimate

CITY OF NEWARK PART B
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 ESTIMATE OF COSTS 9 The purpose of the various reserves is to ensure the District will have funds available for cashflow purposes and to repair or reconstruct the improvements that are the responsibility of the District.

CITY OF NEWARK PART C
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM 10 PART C

A reduced copy of the Assessment Diagram is shown on the following page.

CEDAR BL

TIMBER ST

ROBERTSON AV

STARFLOWER ST

LUMA TE

AZALEA WY

TARO TE

HAMLIN ST

GERANIUM ST

ROSA WY

CAMASS CT

BLACKBERRY WY

GRANVILLE DR

STARFLOWER CT

GOLDENROD DR

LUMA TE

CEDAR BL

ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM
Legend
LLD No. 18 Boundary
Parcels
± 0 295 590
Feet
(TRACT 8130)
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 12 PART D

The method used for apportioning the assessment is based upon the relative special benefits to be derived by the properties in the District and any established benefit zones.

The assessment is apportioned to each parcel in proportion to the relative cost of the special benefits from the improvements.

Article XIIID provides that publicly owned properties must be assessed unless there is clear and convincing evidence that those properties receive no special benefit from the assessment. Exempted from the assessment would be the areas of public streets, public avenues, public lanes, public roads, public drives, public courts, public alleys, public easements and rights-of-ways, public greenbelts and public parkways, utility easements,

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 13 and that portion of public property that is not developed and used for business purposes similar to private residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional activities.

In summary, the assessments can only be levied based on the special benefit to property conferred from the installation, maintenance, and servicing of the improvements funded by the District. These special benefits are not dependent on any one property owner's use of the improvements or their specific demographic status. The basis for these special benefits comes from statutes approved by the California Legislature and other studies that describe the types of benefits received by property from such improvements. The identified special benefits conferred to property from the improvements are summarized as follows.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 14 Special Benefit from Landscape Maintenance
All parcels within the District receive special benefit from Landscape Maintenance within the adjacent medians. Trees, landscaping, hardscapes, ornamental structures, and appurtenant facilities, if well maintained, confer a particular and distinct special benefit upon real property within the District by providing beautification, shade and positive enhancement of the community character, attractiveness, and desirability of the surroundings. The medians adjacent to the development help calm traffic and reduce speeds, creating a safer environment for those traveling to and from the properties within the District. The median also acts as a physical buffer between portions of the roadway and properties within the District improving the overall safety of properties within the development. In addition, the trees and plantings within the medians help absorb noise from the road for nearby properties, reducing noise levels and creating a more peaceful environment. In addition, all the aforementioned contribute to a specific increase in property desirability and a specific enhancement of the property value of each parcel within the District.

Although the improvements include public areas, easements, rights-of-way, and other amenities available or visible to the public at large, the construction and installation of these improvements were only necessary for the development of properties within the District and were not required, nor necessarily desired by any properties or developments outside the District boundary. Though the medians were designed as a result of the development of the properties within the District, it is reasonable to conclude that the traffic flow along the roadways adjacent to the median landscaping receive some incidental benefit from the improvements and such incidental benefits must be accounted for and cannot be assessed to the properties within the District. Therefore, it is conservatively estimated that approximately 98% of the benefit conferred by the medians in the roadways constructed for the development and properties within the District would be a special and

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 15 direct benefit to the parcels within the District and 2% of the benefit from the medians is conferred to the public at large that may utilize the roadway adjacent to the development would be a general benefit.

Method of Assessment
This process of apportioning assessments to each property involves determining the relative special benefit received by each property from the improvements and services.

Therefore, the City and Engineer at the time of formation determined that each parcel within the boundaries of the District receives a similar benefit from the improvements.

Therefore, the most appropriate method of apportioning costs was determined to be spreading all District costs equally to each dwelling unit in the District. This methodology is commonly used to distribute assessments in proportion to estimated special benefit and is generally recognized as providing the basis for a fair and appropriate distribution of assessments.

In Fiscal Year 2024-25, the City proposes to collect the maximum assessment revenue from the assessable parcels located in the District, which amounts to $66.96 per parcel to be levied. A listing of each assessable parcel and their proposed Fiscal Year 2024-25 assessment is on the Assessment Roll in Part E of this Report.

Appeals and Interpretations
Any property owner who feels that the assessment levied on the subject property is in error because of incorrect information being used to apply the foregoing method of assessment, may file a written appeal with City Engineer or his or her designee. Any such appeal is limited to correction of an assessment during the then current or, if before July 1, the upcoming fiscal year. Upon the filing of any such appeal, the City Engineer or his or her designee will promptly review the appeal and any information provided by the property owner. If the City Engineer or his or her designee finds that the assessment should be modified, the appropriate changes shall be made to the assessment roll. If any such changes are approved after the assessment roll has been filed with the County for collection, the City Engineer or his or her designee is authorized to refund to the property owner the amount of any approved reduction. Any property owner who disagrees with the decision of the City Engineer or her or his designee may refer their appeal to the City Council and the decision of the City Council shall be final.

CITY OF NEWARK PART E
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 18 ASSESSMENT ROLL 16 PART E

The total proposed assessment for Fiscal Year 2024-25 is $10,981.44.

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 18

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number
Assessment
Amount
092A-2598-024-00 $66.96
092A-2598-025-00 $66.96
092A-2598-026-00 $66.96
092A-2598-027-00 $66.96
092A-2598-028-00 $66.96
092A-2598-029-00 $66.96
092A-2598-030-00 $66.96
092A-2598-031-00 $66.96
092A-2598-032-00 $66.96
092A-2598-033-00 $66.96
092A-2598-034-00 $66.96
092A-2598-035-00 $66.96
092A-2598-037-00 $66.96
092A-2598-038-00 $66.96
092A-2598-039-00 $66.96
092A-2598-040-00 $66.96
092A-2598-041-00 $66.96
092A-2598-042-00 $66.96
092A-2598-043-00 $66.96
092A-2598-044-00 $66.96
092A-2598-045-00 $66.96
092A-2598-046-00 $66.96
092A-2598-047-00 $66.96
092A-2598-048-00 $66.96
092A-2598-050-00 $66.96
092A-2598-051-00 $66.96
092A-2598-052-00 $66.96
092A-2598-053-00 $66.96
092A-2598-054-00 $66.96
092A-2598-055-00 $66.96
092A-2598-056-00 $66.96
092A-2598-057-00 $66.96
092A-2598-058-00 $66.96
092A-2598-059-00 $66.96
092A-2598-061-00 $66.96
092A-2598-062-00 $66.96
092A-2598-063-00 $66.96
092A-2598-064-00 $66.96
092A-2598-065-00 $66.96
092A-2598-066-00 $66.96
092A-2598-067-00 $66.96
092A-2598-068-00 $66.96
092A-2598-069-00 $66.96
092A-2598-070-00 $66.96
092A-2598-072-00 $66.96
092A-2598-073-00 $66.96
092A-2598-074-00 $66.96
092A-2598-075-00 $66.96
092A-2598-076-00 $66.96
092A-2598-077-00 $66.96
092A-2598-078-00 $66.96
092A-2598-079-00 $66.96
Assessor's
Parcel
Number
Assessment
Amount
092A-2598-080-00 $66.96
092A-2598-081-00 $66.96
092A-2598-082-00 $66.96
092A-2598-083-00 $66.96
092A-2598-084-00 $66.96
092A-2598-085-00 $66.96
092A-2598-087-00 $66.96
092A-2598-088-00 $66.96
092A-2598-089-00 $66.96
092A-2598-090-00 $66.96
092A-2598-091-00 $66.96
092A-2598-092-00 $66.96
092A-2598-093-00 $66.96
092A-2598-095-00 $66.96
092A-2598-096-00 $66.96
092A-2598-097-00 $66.96
092A-2598-098-00 $66.96
092A-2598-099-00 $66.96
092A-2598-100-00 $66.96
092A-2598-101-00 $66.96
092A-2598-102-00 $66.96
092A-2598-103-00 $66.96
092A-2598-104-00 $66.96
092A-2598-106-00 $66.96
092A-2598-107-00 $66.96
092A-2598-108-00 $66.96
092A-2598-109-00 $66.96
092A-2598-110-00 $66.96
092A-2599-018-00 $66.96
092A-2599-019-00 $66.96
092A-2599-020-00 $66.96
092A-2599-021-00 $66.96
092A-2599-022-00 $66.96
092A-2599-023-00 $66.96
092A-2599-024-00 $66.96
092A-2599-025-00 $66.96
092A-2599-026-00 $66.96
092A-2599-027-00 $66.96
092A-2599-028-00 $66.96
092A-2599-029-00 $66.96
092A-2599-030-00 $66.96
092A-2599-031-00 $66.96
092A-2599-032-00 $66.96
092A-2599-033-00 $66.96
092A-2599-034-00 $66.96
092A-2599-035-00 $66.96
092A-2599-036-00 $66.96
092A-2599-037-00 $66.96
092A-2599-038-00 $66.96
092A-2599-039-00 $66.96
092A-2599-040-00 $66.96
092A-2599-041-00 $66.96
Assessor's
Parcel
Number
Assessment
Amount
092A-2599-042-00 $66.96
092A-2599-043-00 $66.96
092A-2599-044-00 $66.96
092A-2599-045-00 $66.96
092A-2599-046-00 $66.96
092A-2599-047-00 $66.96
092A-2599-048-00 $66.96
092A-2599-049-00 $66.96
092A-2599-050-00 $66.96
092A-2599-051-00 $66.96
092A-2599-052-00 $66.96
092A-2599-053-00 $66.96
092A-2599-054-00 $66.96
092A-2599-055-00 $66.96
092A-2599-056-00 $66.96
092A-2599-057-00 $66.96
092A-2599-058-00 $66.96
092A-2599-059-00 $66.96
092A-2599-060-00 $66.96
092A-2599-061-00 $66.96
092A-2599-062-00 $66.96
092A-2599-063-00 $66.96
092A-2599-064-00 $66.96
092A-2599-065-00 $66.96
092A-2599-066-00 $66.96
092A-2599-067-00 $66.96
092A-2599-068-00 $66.96
092A-2599-069-00 $66.96
092A-2599-070-00 $66.96
092A-2599-071-00 $66.96
092A-2599-072-00 $66.96
092A-2599-073-00 $66.96
092A-2599-074-00 $66.96
092A-2599-075-00 $66.96
092A-2599-076-00 $66.96
092A-2599-077-00 $66.96
092A-2599-078-00 $66.96
092A-2599-079-00 $66.96
092A-2599-080-00 $66.96
092A-2599-081-00 $66.96
092A-2599-082-00 $66.96
092A-2599-083-00 $66.96
092A-2599-084-00 $66.96
092A-2599-085-00 $66.96
092A-2599-086-00 $66.96
092A-2599-087-00 $66.96
092A-2599-088-00 $66.96
092A-2599-089-00 $66.96
092A-2599-090-00 $66.96
092A-2599-091-00 $66.96
092A-2599-092-00 $66.96
092A-2599-093-00 $66.96
PART E - 1 05/03/24

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 18

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number
Assessment
Amount
092A-2599-094-00 $66.96
092A-2599-095-00 $66.96
092A-2599-096-00 $66.96
092A-2599-097-00 $66.96
092A-2599-098-00 $66.96
092A-2599-099-00 $66.96
092A-2599-100-00 $66.96
092A-2599-101-00 $66.96
Total Parcels: 164
Total Assessment: $10,981.44
PART E - 2 05/03/24
Landscaping and Lighting District No. 19
Fiscal Year 2024-25
Preliminary Engineer’s Report
June 13, 2024
CITY OF NEWARK FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 TABLE OF CONTENTS i
Table of Contents
Page No.

Certificate......................................................................................... ii Section I - Introduction.....................................................................1 Section II – Engineer’s Report .........................................................3 Part A – Plans and Specifications .........................................5 Part B – Estimate of Cost....................................................13 Part C – Assessment District Diagram ................................15 Part D – Method of Apportionment of Assessments............23 Part E - Assessment Roll ....................................................31 CITY OF NEWARK FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 CERTIFICATE
ii

ENGINEER'S REPORT

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
The undersigned, acting on behalf of Francisco & Associates respectfully submits the enclosed Engineer's Report as directed by the Newark City Council pursuant to the provisions of Article XIIID, Section 4 of the California Constitution, and the Landscape and Lighting Act of 1972 being Section 22500 et al of the California Streets and Highways Code (the “1972 Act”). The undersigned certifies that he is a Professional Engineer, registered in the State of California.

Dated: May 14, 2024 By:

Eduardo Espinoza, P.E.

RCE # 83709

CITY OF NEWARK SECTION I
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 INTRODUCTION
1 SECTION I

INTRODUCTION
The City of Newark (“City”) levies and collects special assessments on parcels within the City of Newark Landscaping and Lighting District No. 19 (“District”) to maintain public improvements. The District was formed in December of 2016 to provide a dedicated source of funding for the ongoing maintenance of median and buffer landscape, street lighting, and park improvements benefiting parcels within the boundaries of the District. Since formation, additional properties have been annexed into the District. A historical listing of the date each annexation occurred since formation follows:
• Annexation No. 1 (September 14, 2017)
• Annexation No. 2 (September 14, 2017)
• Annexation No. 3 (September 14, 2017)
• Annexation No. 4 (May 9, 2019)
• Annexation No. 5 (November 12, 2020)
• Annexation No. 6 (January 27, 2022)
Following the approval of the annexations listed above, the District consists of the following seven (7) zones of benefit.
• Zone 1 (Bayshores)
The Bayshores Tract Map 8085 was comprised of residential lots (detached homes, condominiums, and townhomes), landscape lots, a park area, and private roads. The landscape lots and park around the clubhouse will be maintained by the Homeowners Association and will not be funded by assessments.
• Zone 2 (Lighthouse)
The Lighthouse Tract Map 8157 was comprised of eighty-eight (88) condominium units and private roads.
• Zone 3 (Newark Senior Housing – USA Properties)
The Newark Senior Housing – USA Properties project is comprised of one building, containing seventy-five (75) apartment units.
• Zone 4 (Tract 8098 – Glass Bay)
The Glass Bay Tract Map 8098 was comprised of two hundred and seventeen (217) single-family homes and private roads.
• Zone 5 (Tracts 8099 & 8436 - Bridgeway)
The Bridgeway Development was comprised of Tract 8099 and 8436 and contains three hundred and six (306) single family lots and two hundred and seventy (270) multi-family units.

CITY OF NEWARK SECTION I
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 INTRODUCTION
2 • Zone 6 (Tract 8459 – Compass Bay)
The Compass Bay Development was comprised of Tract 8459 which included fiftythree (53) single family lots and eighty-five (85) multi-family units. • Zone 7 (Tract 8453 – Harbor Pointe)
The Harbor Pointe (Bridgeway Parcel C) Development was comprised of Tract 8453 and contains one hundred and ninety two (192) single family lots.

The District generally consists of those properties in an area known as Bayside Newark, formerly known as the Dumbarton Transit-Oriented Development. The Bayside Newark project is located next to the proposed commuter rail station near the corner of Willow Avenue and Enterprise Drive. A reduced copy of the Assessment Diagram showing the exterior boundaries of the District and each zone of benefit is provided in Part C of this Report.

Current Annual Administration
As required by the 1972 Act, the Engineer's Report includes: (1) a description of the improvements to be operated, maintained, and serviced by the District and each benefit zone, (2) a cost estimate for the District and each benefit zone, and (3) a listing of the proposed Fiscal Year 2024-25 assessments to be levied upon each assessable lot or parcel within the District and each benefit zone.

All funds collected through the assessments must be placed in a special fund and can only be used for the purposes stated within this Report.

CITY OF NEWARK SECTION II
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ENGINEER’S REPORT 3 SECTION II

ENGINEER'S REPORT PREPARED FOR THE CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Pursuant to the Landscaping and Lighting Act of 1972 (Part 2 of Division 15 of the Streets and Highways Code of the State of California), and in accordance with the Resolution of Initiation, being Resolution No. 11631, which directs the preparation and filing of the Engineer’s Report, adopted by the City Council of the City of Newark, on April 11, 2024, the following Report was prepared consisting of Section I (Introduction), and this, Section II, which consists of five (5) parts as follows:

The estimate is attached hereto and is on file in the Office of the Director of Public Works of the City of Newark.

CITY OF NEWARK SECTION II
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ENGINEER’S REPORT 4 PART D: METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT OF ASSESSMENTS
This part describes the method of apportionment of assessments, based upon each parcel’s classification within the District in proportion to the estimated special benefits to be received.

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 5 PART A

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 6 o Any expenses incidental to the construction, installation, or maintenance and servicing of the improvements.
o Any expenses incidental to the issuance of bonds or notes. o Costs associated with any elections held for the approval of a new or increased assessment.
• “Landscaping” means trees, shrubs, grass, or other ornamental vegetation. • “Maintain” or “maintenance” means the furnishing of services and materials for the ordinary and usual maintenance, operation, and services of any improvement, including:
o Repair, removal or replacement of all or any part of any improvement. o Providing for the life, growth, health, and beauty of landscaping, including cultivation, irrigation, trimming, spraying, fertilizing, or treating for disease or injury.
o The removal of trimmings, rubbish, debris, and other solid waste. o The cleaning, sandblasting, and painting of walls and other improvements to remove or cover graffiti.
• “Public lighting facilities” means all works or improvements used or useful for the lighting of any public places, including ornamental standards, luminaries, poles, supports, tunnels, manholes, vaults, conduits, pipes, wires, conductors, guys, stubs, platforms, braces, transformers, insulators, contacts, switches, capacitors, meters, communication circuits, appliances, attachments, and appurtenances. • “Service” or “servicing” means the furnishing of:
o Electric current or energy, gas, or other illuminating agent for any public lighting facilities or for the lighting or operation of any other improvements. o Water for the irrigation of any landscaping, the operation of any fountains, or the maintenance of any other improvements.

DESCRIPTION OF DISTRICT IMPROVEMENTS
The improvements, which have been constructed within the City, and those which may be subsequently constructed, operated, maintained, and serviced with District assessments are generally described as follows:
• The Landscape Improvements include, but are not limited to landscaping, planting, turf, trees, irrigation systems, and fixtures in public street and sidewalk rights-of-way, including medians, traffic circles, parkways and other easements dedicated to the City within, and adjacent to, the zones.
• The Park Improvements include but are not limited to landscaping, planting, shrubbery, trees, irrigation systems, hardscapes and fixtures, trails, and open space areas.

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 7 • Street Lighting Improvements include, but are not limited to poles, fixtures, bulbs, conduits, conductors, equipment including guys, anchors, posts and pedestals, metering devices and appurtenant facilities as required to provide lighting in public street and sidewalk rights-of-way and other easements dedicated to the City within, and adjacent to, the zones.

A more detailed description of the facilities which either have or will be constructed, operated, maintained, and serviced by each of the benefit zones follows.

Zone 1 (Bayshores)
Landscape Improvements
The Landscape Improvements include streetscapes, medians, and traffic circles, specifically:
• The south side of Central Avenue, between Willow Street and Salty Cove Road. • The south side of Central Avenue, between Salty Cove Road and Hickory Street. • East side of Willow Street, south of Central Avenue.
• West side of Willow Street, along the eastern border of the tract, including planter strips.
• Medians along Willow Street, between Central Avenue and Seawind Way. • Traffic Circles at the intersections of Willow Street and Central Avenue, and Willow Street and Seawind Way.
• 47 Trash Capture Devices ("TCD") throughout the project, to keep trash from collecting in the landscaped areas along the southern edge of the project and the wetlands beyond.

Street Lighting Improvements
The Street Lighting Improvements will be located along streets within the zone as shown below:
• 7 streetlights located along Seawind Way at the eastern boundary of the zone. • 10 streetlights located along Spring Tide Road, through the center of the zone. • 3 streetlights located along Bayshores Drive.

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 8 • 2 streetlights located along Quiet Cove Way.
• 2 streetlights located along Lookout Way.
• 6 streetlights located along Harbor Light Road.
• 7 streetlights located along Central Avenue at the southern boundary of the zone. • 13 streetlights located along Willow Street at the eastern boundary of the zone.

Zone 2 (Lighthouse)
Landscape Improvements
The Landscape Improvements include streetscapes, medians, and traffic circles, specifically:
• Northwest corner of intersection of Willow Street and Seawind Way. • West side of Willow Street, along the easterly border of the tract, including planter strips.
• Medians along Willow Street, between Seawind Way and the northerly border of the tract.
• Traffic Circle at the intersection of Willow Street and Seawind Way. • One TCD on Seawind Way.

Street Lighting Improvements
The Street Lighting Improvements will be located along streets within the zone as shown below:
• 3 streetlights located along Seawind Way.
• 1 streetlight located along Willow Street.
• 4 streetlights located along Willow Street between Seawind Way and Enterprise Drive.

Zone 3 (Newark Senior Housing – USA Properties)
Landscape Improvements
The Landscape Improvements include streetscapes, medians, and traffic circles, specifically:
• West side of Willow Street, along the eastern border of the project, including planter strips.

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 9 • Medians along Willow Street, between the northerly and southerly border of the project.

Street Lighting Improvements
The Street Lighting Improvements will be located along streets within the zone as shown below:
• 4 streetlights located along Willow Street between Seawind Way and Enterprise Drive.

Zone 4 (Tract 8098 – Glass Bay)
Landscape Improvements
The Landscape Improvements include streetscapes, medians, and traffic circles, specifically:
• The east side of Willow Street at the southeast and northeast corners of Seawind Way and Willow Street.
• Medians along Enterprise Drive along the northerly border of the tract. • Traffic Circle at the intersection of Willow Street and Seawind Way. • Traffic Circle at the intersection of Willow Street and Enterprise Drive. • 27 Landscape Debris/TCD throughout the tract.

Street Lighting Improvements
The Street Lighting Improvements will be located along streets within the zone as shown below:
• 21 streetlights located throughout the interior of the tract. • 4 streetlights located along Enterprise Drive at the northerly boundary of the tract. • 4 streetlights located along Willow Street between Central Avenue and Seawind Way. • 4 streetlights located along Willow Street between Seawind Way and Enterprise Drive.

Zone 5 (Tracts 8099 & 8436 - Bridgeway)
Landscape Improvements
The Landscape Improvements include streetscapes, medians, and traffic circles, specifically:
• Median islands at Hickory Street and Seawind Way.

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 10 • Traffic Circle at the intersection of Hickory Street and Seawind Way. • Median islands at Seawind Way in Phase 2 of the development. • 6 TCD on Seawind Way.
• 8 TCD on Bay Breeze Street.
• 2 TCD on Headlands Avenue.
• 17 TCD on Hickory Street.
• 12 TCD on Seawind Way, in Phase 2 of the development. • The Bay Trail in Phases 1 and 2 of the development.

Street Lighting Improvements
The Street Lighting Improvements will be located along streets within the zone as shown below:
• 2 streetlights located along Headlands Avenue.
• 6 streetlights located along Bay Breeze Street.
• 4 streetlights located along Seawind Way in Phase 1 of the development. • 4 streetlights located at the intersection of Seawind Way and Hickory Street. • 15 streetlights located along Hickory Street.
• 8 streetlights located along Seawind Way in Phase 2 of the development.

Zone 6 (Tract 8459 – Compass Bay)
Landscape Improvements
The Landscape Improvements include streetscapes, medians, and traffic circles, specifically:
• Median Islands at Seawind Way and Hickory Street.
• Median Islands at Hickory Street and Enterprise Drive. • Center Median on Enterprise Drive.
• Traffic Circle at Seawind Way and Hickory Street.

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 11 • Traffic Circle at Hickory Street and Enterprise Drive. • 1 TCD on Seawind Way.
• 3 TCD on Hickory Street.
• 4 TCD on Enterprise Drive.

Park Improvements
Park improvements include but are not limited to landscaping, planting, shrubbery, trees, irrigation systems, hardscapes and fixtures and open space areas within a planned 5.05 acre park that is proposed for the FMC Willow Development to be located northwest of the Compass Bay development near the intersection of Hickory Street and Enterprise Drive.

Street Lighting Improvements
The Street Lighting Improvements will be located along streets within the zone as shown below:
• 1 Streetlight located on Seawind Way.
• 1 Streetlight located at the intersection of Seawind Way and Hickory Street. • 2 Streetlights located on Hickory Street.
• 2 Streetlights located at the intersection of Hickory Street and Enterprise Drive. • 6 Streetlights located on Enterprise Drive.

Zone 7 (Tract 8453 – Harbor Pointe)
Landscape Improvements
The Landscape Improvements include streetscapes, medians, and traffic circles, specifically:
• Traffic circle located at Enterprise Drive and Seawind Way. • Median islands located along Enterprise Drive.
• Traffic circle located at Enterprise Drive and Hickory Street. • 12 TCD along Enterprise Drive and the Enterprise Drive and Seawind Way traffic circle.
• The Bay Trail located along the exterior of the development.

CITY OF NEWARK PART A
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 12 Park Improvements
Park improvements include but are not limited to landscaping, planting, shrubbery, trees, irrigation systems, hardscapes and fixtures and open space areas within a planned 5.05 acre park that is proposed for the FMC Willow Development to be located northwest of the Compass Bay development near the intersection of Hickory Street and Enterprise Drive.

Street Lighting Improvements
The Street Lighting Improvements will be located along streets within the zone as shown below:
• 11 streetlights located along Enterprise Drive and the Enterprise Drive and Seawind Way traffic circle.
• 2 streetlights located at the traffic circle at Enterprise Drive and Hickory Street.

CITY OF NEWARK PART B
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ESTIMATE OF COSTS 13 PART B

The following table provides a summary of the estimated District revenues and cost estimates for Fiscal Year 2024-25.

Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Zone 7
Total
Amount
Projected Revenues
Assessment Revenue $41,551 $3,923 $2,720 $19,777 $40,200 $12,546 $0 $120,718 Non-Assessment Revenues1 $12,758 $3,258 $3,196 $5,004 $6,711 $4,908 $0 $35,836 Total Projected Revenues $54,309 $7,181 $5,916 $24,782 $46,911 $17,454 $0 $156,554 Projected Expenses
Contract Services2 $20,966 $5,702 $6,007 $3,663 $5,991 $4,580 $0 $46,908 Utilities $6,521 $417 $599 $2,178 $3,562 $2,723 $0 $16,000 Administration and Incidentals $15,310 $980 $1,406 $5,114 $8,364 $6,394 $0 $37,568 County Collection Fees $706 $67 $46 $336 $683 $213 $0 $2,052 Unforeseen Maintenance and Repairs3 $2,175 $358 $403 $565 $930 $695 $0 $5,126 Total Projected Expenses $45,678 $7,525 $8,461 $11,855 $19,531 $14,605 $0 $107,655 Projected Fund Balance
Beginning Fund Balance - July 1, 2024 $272,687 $22,069 $15,302 $111,252 $190,244 $11,763 $0 $623,316 Reserve Fund Collection Increase/(Decrease) $8,631 ($343) ($2,545) $12,927 $27,380 $2,849 $0 $48,899 Ending Fund Balance - June 30, 2025 $281,317 $21,726 $12,757 $124,178 $217,624 $14,612 $0 $672,215 Recommended Operating Reserves $21,752 $3,583 $4,029 $5,645 $9,300 $6,955 $0 $51,264 Available Operating Reserves $21,752 $3,583 $4,029 $5,645 $9,300 $6,955 $0 $51,264 Available Capital Reserves $259,566 $18,143 $8,728 $118,533 $208,324 $7,657 $0 $620,951 1 Non-Assessment Revenues include interest earnings estimated at 1.5% of Projected Beginning Fund Balance and the City contribution in the amount of $12,968 for General Benefits and $13,519 for Special Benefits conferred to property not in the District. 2 Includes $10,000 in Zone 1 and $5,000 in Zones 2 and 3 for mulch and tree replacement projects. 3 Unforeseen Maintenance and Repairs are assumed to be 5% of the Projected Expenses.

Landscaping and Lighting District No. 19
Fiscal Year 2024-25 Cost Estimate

CITY OF NEWARK PART B
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ESTIMATE OF COSTS 14 The purpose of the various reserves is to ensure the District will have funds available for cashflow purposes and to repair or reconstruct the improvements that are the responsibility of the District.

CITY OF NEWARK PART C
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM 15 PART C

ASSESSMENT DISTRICT DIAGRAM
The boundaries of the District and each zone of benefit are shown herein. The Diagram is on file in the Public Works Department of the City and shown on the following page of this Engineer's Report. The lines and dimensions of each parcel within the District are those lines and dimensions shown on the maps of the Alameda County Assessor for the year in which this Report was prepared and are incorporated by reference herein and made part of this Report.

A reduced copy of the Assessment Diagram is shown on the following page.

HICKORY
ST
WILLOW
ST

SEAWIND WY

CENTRAL AV
SPRING
TIDE
RD

PERRIN AV
BAY
BREEZE
ST

CABOT CT
HARBOR
LIGHT
RD
SEA
BANK
ST

ESTUARY
ST

SHELTER
RD

SURF WY
CAPE
COD
RD
BAY
CREST
RD

BREAKERS
RD

BAYSHORES AV

BLUFF WY

CAPE BREEZE DR

SURGE WY
SALT
GRASS
RD
MASTS
COVE
WY
SAND
DRIFT
RD

BLUETIDE WY

COMPASS WY

JETTY WY

UNNAMED

MARINE WY

RUDDER WY

LEEWARD WY
BACK
BAY
RD

TALLSHIP WY

HEADLANDS AV

MARVISTA WY

WINDROSE WY

DUNES WY

TAILWIND AV

PORTSIDE WY

VISTA COVE WY

WHITESURF WY

WAVE COVE WY

QUIET COVE WY

PRESERVE AV

WAKECREST WY

WEATHERLY
RD

LOOKOUT WY

WAVESIDE WY

CABANA WY

ROCKVIEW WY

SCHOONER WY
SALTY
COVE
RD
COURT 16
COURT 15

SKYSAIL
ST

LATITUDES
LN

UNNAMED

ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM
Legend
LLD No. 19 Zone 1
Parcels
± 0 485 970
Feet
(BAYSHORES)
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ZONE 1

SEAWIND WY
WILLOW
ST

LEEWARD WY

BREAKERS
RD

TAILWIND AV

SHELTER
RD

SKYSAIL
ST

CABANA WY
SPRING
TIDE
RD
SEA
BANK
ST

ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM
± 0 130 260
Feet
ANNEXATION NO. 1 (LIGHTHOUSE)
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ZONE 2
Legend
LLD No. 19 Zone 2
Parcels
WILLOW
ST

UNNAMED

LEEWARD WY

TAILWIND AV

ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM
Legend
LLD No. 19 Zone 3
Parcels
± 0 105 210
Feet
ANNEXATION NO. 2 (NEWARK SENIORS HOUSING)
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ZONE 3
WILLOW
ST

ENTERPRISE DR

SEAWIND WY
BACK
BAY
RD
BAY
CREST
RD

SHELTER
RD

MARINE WY

BREAKERS
RD

BLUFF WY
SEA
BANK
ST

BAYPORT WY

TAILWIND AV

BLUETIDE WY

COMPASS WY

BAYSHORES AV
SPRING
TIDE
RD

PENINSULA WY

LEEWARD WY

ESTUARY
ST

SANDY COVE WY
MASTS
COVE
WY
INLET
RD
CAPE
COD
RD

CABANA WY

SUNCREST
ST

HARBORVIEW WY

PIERVIEW WY

UNNAMED

SKYSAIL ST

DOCKPORT
RD

BOARDWALK WY

BLUE ANCHOR WY

ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM
Legend
LLD No. 19 Zone 4
Parcels
± 0 400 800
Feet
ANNEXATION NO. 3 (GLASS BAY)
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ZONE 4

HICKORY
ST

SEAWIND WY
WILLOW
ST

ENTERPRISE DR
SPRING
TIDE
RD

CENTRAL AV

PERRIN AV
BAY
BREEZE
ST
SEA
BANK
ST

WATERSAIL WY
HARBOR
LIGHT
RD

PONTOON WY
BAY
CREST
RD

BOWLINE
RD

ESTUARY
ST

SHELTER
RD
SAND
BAR
PL

SURF WY
CAPE
COD
RD

BREAKERS
RD
SALT
GRASS
RD
SALT
POND
PL

BAYSHORES AV

CAPE BREEZE DR

SURGE WY

TAILWIND AV
MASTS
COVE
WY
SAND
DRIFT
RD

JETTY WY

UNNAMED

RUDDER WY

LEEWARD WY

TALLSHIP WY

HEADLANDS AV

MARVISTA WY

WINDROSE WY

DUNES WY

VISTA COVE WY
W

WHITESURF WY

AVE COVE WY

QUIET COVE WY

PRESERVE AV

WAKECREST WY

WEATHERLY
RD

LOOKOUT WY
COURT 17

HIDDEN HARBOR WY
COURT 16
COURT 14
COURT 15

SKYSAIL
ST
COURT 9

LATITUDES
LN

WINDJAMMER WY

UNNAMED

ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM
Legend
LLD No. 19 Zone 5
Parcels
± 0 600 1,200
Feet
ANNEXATION NO. 4 (BRIDGEWAY)
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ZONE 5

SEAWIND WY

ENTERPRISE DR

HICKORY
ST
WILLOW
ST
SEA
BANK
ST

TAILWIND AV

SHELTER
RD
SAND
DRIFT
RD

LEEWARD WY

HARBORVIEW WY

BREAKERS
RD

VISTA COVE WY
SPRING
TIDE
RD

CABANA WY

SUNCREST
ST
COURT 17
COURT 16

UNNAMED
COURT 15

SKYSAIL
ST

PIERVIEW WY
MASTS
COVE
WY

ESTUARY
ST

UNNAMED

ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM
± 0 255 510
Feet
ANNEXATION NO. 5 (COMPASS BAY)
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ZONE 6
Legend
LLD No. 19 Zone 6
Parcels

ENTERPRISE DR

HICKORY
ST

SEAWIND WY

WATERSAIL WY

PONTOON WY

BOWLINE
RD
SAND
BAR
PL
SALT
GRASS
RD
SALT
POND
PL
SAND
DRIFT
RD

MARVISTA WY
OUTER
BANKS
PL

UNNAMED

VISTA COVE WY
COURT 17

HIDDEN HARBOR WY
COURT 16
COURT 11
COURT 14
COURT 12
COURT 15
COURT 6
COURT 8
COURT 4
COURT 9
COURT 1
COURT 2
COURT 3
COURT 5
COURT 7

WINDJAMMER WY

SEAWIND WY

ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM
Legend
LLD No. 19 Zone 7
Parcels
± 0 385 770
Feet
ANNEXATION NO. 6 (HARBOR POINTE)
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ZONE 7

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 23 PART D

METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT OF ASSESSMENTS
This section explains the benefits to be derived from the improvements and the methodology used to apportion the total costs of the improvements to properties within the District. The method used for apportioning the assessment is based upon the relative special benefits to be derived by the properties in the District and any established benefit zones. The assessment is apportioned to each parcel in proportion to the relative cost of the special benefits from the improvements.

General
The 1972 Act permits the establishment of assessment districts by agencies for the purpose of providing certain public improvements which include the construction, maintenance and servicing of streetlights, landscaping, parks, trails, open space, and appurtenant facilities. The 1972 Act further requires that the cost of these improvements be levied according to benefit rather than assessed value:
“The net amount to be assessed upon lands within an assessment district may be apportioned by any formula or method which fairly distributes the net amount among all assessable lots or parcels in proportion to the estimated benefits to be received by each such lot or parcel from the improvements.” The formula used for calculating assessments in the District therefore needs to reflect the composition of the parcels, and the improvements and services provided, to fairly apportion the costs based on estimated benefit to each parcel. In addition, Article XIIID, of the California Constitution limits the amount of any assessment to the proportional “special benefit” conferred on the property. Article XIIID provides that only special benefits are assessable, and the City must separate the general benefits from the special benefits conferred on a parcel. There is no widely accepted or statutory formula for determining general and special benefit. However, the constitution states that a special benefit is different from a general benefit in that it is “particular and distinct” and “over and above” general benefits received by other properties. The 1972 Act permits the designation of zones of benefit within any individual assessment district if “by reasons or variations in the nature, location, and extent of the improvements, the various areas will receive different degrees of benefit from the improvement.” Thus, the 1972 Act requires the levy of a true “assessment” rather than a “special tax”.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 24 The amount to be assessed may be apportioned by any formula or method which fairly distributes the amount among all assessable lots or parcels. In order for the City to separate out the general and special benefits for each improvement type, an analysis of each improvement was conducted. The analysis reviewed the purpose and users of each improvement, and then identified the properties that benefit from the improvement both within and outside the District and each zone of benefit, and then allocated the costs to maintain, service, and replace each improvement type to each identified property.

Because general benefits are not assessable, any costs associated with general benefits or special benefits assigned to properties (both within and outside and the District and each zone of benefit) not in a zone of benefit are to be paid for by the City or by the area receiving special benefits from the improvements. Only the costs associated with the special benefits conferred on property within each zone of benefit from the authorized improvements are assessable, and therefore assessed herein. A full analysis showing the quantification and separation of special and general benefits performed by the City and Assessment Engineer at the time of formation and the establishment of each zone of benefit can be found in the formation and annexation reports for each zone of benefit. A summary of the analysis by improvement type is described below.

The District consists of all Assessor Parcels within the boundaries of a zone of benefit. The method of apportioning costs and assessing properties is based upon the proportional special benefits to be conferred by the improvements and services within each zone of benefit to the properties within and outside the boundaries of the District and each zone of benefit. The apportioning of special benefit is a two-step process: the first step is to identify the types of special benefits arising from the improvements and services, and the second step is to allocate the costs and assign assessments to property based on the estimates of the special benefit being conferred to each property.

In summary, the assessments can only be levied based on the special benefit to property conferred from the installation, maintenance, and servicing of the improvements funded by

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 25 each zone of benefit within the District. These special benefits are not dependent on any one property owner's use of each zone of benefit’s improvements or their specific demographic status. The basis for these special benefits comes from statutes approved by the California Legislature and other studies that describe the types of benefits received by property from such improvements. The identified special benefits conferred to property from the improvements are summarized as follows.

Special Benefit from Landscape Maintenance
All parcels within each zone of benefit of the District receive special benefit from Landscape Maintenance. Trees, landscaping, hardscapes, ornamental structures, and appurtenant facilities, if well maintained, confer a particular and distinct special benefit upon real property within each zone of benefit by providing beautification, shade and positive enhancement of the community character, attractiveness, and desirability of the surroundings. In addition, all the aforementioned contribute to a specific increase in property desirability and a specific enhancement of the property value of each parcel within each zone of benefit of the District.

Special Benefit from Street Lighting Maintenance
All parcels within each applicable zone of benefit of the District receive special benefit from Street Lighting Maintenance. The special benefit from street lighting can be measured by increased safety to people and property, as well as the increased availability of lighting.

The safety to people results in a special benefit to parcels because street lighting improves traffic safety during ingress and egress to the property and creates a deterrent to crime against property. The safety to property results in a special benefit to both developed and vacant or undeveloped parcels because street lighting operation, maintenance and servicing provides for the protection of buildings and personal property against crimes such as theft and vandalism.

Additionally, all parcels in the applicable zones of benefit receive a special benefit from the installation, operation, maintenance, and servicing of the street lighting on collector streets.

Collector street lighting benefits properties primarily because the properties, and the persons traveling to and from the properties, are provided safe street access.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 26 Special Benefit from Park Maintenance
All parcels within Zones 6 (Tract 8459 – Compass Bay) and 7 (Tract 8453 – Harbor Pointe) receive special benefit from Park Maintenance. The overall quality of life and desirability of an area is enhanced, when public parks and recreational facilities are in place, improved, operable, safe, clean, and properly maintained. Conversely, property desirability decreases when park and recreational facilities are unsafe or destroyed by the elements or vandalism.

Property desirability in an area also increases when there is an increase in the number of parks, recreation centers and sports facilities. These park and recreational facilities enable property owners to participate in sporting events, leisure activities, picnics, organized social events, and other miscellaneous activities.

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 27 Proper maintenance and operation of the parks within the City benefits those properties within the service areas of the parks by providing environmental quality and recreational enhancement.

Special Benefit to Parcels Outside of the District
There are parcels outside each zone of benefit that receive special benefit from some of the improvements. Based on the analysis performed at the time of formation and the establishment of each subsequent annexation, a summary of the percentage of annual costs attributable to special benefits to parcels outside the District by zone of benefit is shown below:

The share of costs attributable to special benefits conferred to parcels outside of each zone of benefit cannot be assessed to properties within each specific zone, but are required to be paid by some other source, such as the City’s General Fund.

General Benefit
The Assessment Engineer at the time of District formation and at the establishment of each subsequent annexation performed an analysis and determined there are general benefits conferred from the landscape and park improvements to the public at large.

Based on these analyses performed by the original Assessment Engineer, a summary of the percentage of annual costs attributable to general benefit are shown below:

The share of costs attributable to the general benefits of each zone of benefit cannot be assessed to properties within each specific zone, but are required to be paid by some other source, such as the City’s General Fund.

LLD No. 19 Benefit Zone
Percentage of Costs
Attributed to Special
Benefit Outside the Zone
Zone 1 (Bayshore) 4.46%
Zone 2 (Lighthouse) 36.23%
Zone 3 (Newark Senior Housing) 35.06%
Zone 4 (Tract 8098 - Glass Bay) 11.29%
Zone 5 (Tracts 8099 & 8436 - Bridgeway) 3.97%
Zone 6 (Tract 8459 - Compass Bay) 25.17%
Zone 7 (Tract 8453 - Harbor Pointe) 3.83%
LLD No. 19 Benefit Zone
Percentage of Costs
Attributed to General
Benefit
Zone 1 (Bayshore) 14.52%
Zone 2 (Lighthouse) 2.67%
Zone 3 (Newark Senior Housing) 0.00%
Zone 4 (Tract 8098 - Glass Bay) 16.85%
Zone 5 (Tracts 8099 & 8436 - Bridgeway) 15.78%
Zone 6 (Tract 8459 - Compass Bay) 7.23%
Zone 7 (Tract 8453 - Harbor Pointe) 6.71%

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 28 Method of Assessment
This process of apportioning assessments to each property involves determining the relative special benefit received by each property from the improvements and services.

Since the assessment will be levied against parcels of property as shown on the tax roll, the final charges must be assigned by Assessor's Parcel Number. If assessments were to be spread just by parcel, not considering land use or parcel size, a single family parcel would be paying the same as a 50 unit apartment parcel or a large commercial establishment and this would not be equitable.

Therefore, the City and Engineer at the time of formation and the establishment of each subsequent zone, determined that the most appropriate method of apportioning costs was determined to be spreading each benefit zone costs on an Equivalent Dwelling Unit (EDU) basis. The single family detached residential unit or lot has been selected as the basic unit for calculation of assessments and is defined as one EDU. Each land-use in the District is converted to EDU's. The EDU method is seen as the most appropriate and equitable method of spread of benefit to each parcel from the improvements since it is based on land-use type and parcel size. Property within the District is assigned to one of the following categories.

Single Family Residential. Parcels zoned for single family detached home residential uses are assessed 1 EDU per dwelling unit. Parcels designated as Single Family Residential land-use will be assessed 1 EDU per dwelling unit or lot, including undeveloped subdivided residential lots and vacant land zoned for single family residential uses with a tentative or final tract map.

Multiple Family Residential. Multiple-family residential (including apartments, condominiums, townhomes, and duplexes) land use equivalencies are determined based on the number of dwelling units on each parcel. Due to population density and size of structure relative to the typical single family residence, each dwelling unit defined as multifamily residential, including apartments, condominiums, town homes, and duplexes, are assigned and EDU of 0.75 EDU . The EDU's assigned to a multiple-family residential parcel are calculated by multiplying the number of dwelling units by the EDU Factor of

0.75. Non-Residential. In converting non-residential properties to EDU's, the EDU Factor used in each zone of benefit was determined using the EDU density of the residential property for each zone. During formation and the establishment of each subsequent zone, the number of planned residential EDU located in the zone were divided by the associated acreage to arrive at an EDU factor per acre for non-residential parcels. All properties that are developed for non-residential uses are therefore assigned an EDU factor per acre by zone of benefit, all of which are shown in the table below. Non-Residential may include but not be limited to commercial, industrial, church, school, institutional, and other nonresidential uses.

Undeveloped Parcels. Undeveloped parcels receive a reduced level of benefit as compared to developed parcels. Undeveloped parcels therefore are assessed at 20% of

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 29 the non-residential rate per acre for each zone of benefit. This includes all lots designated as undeveloped or vacant without a tentative or final tract map but does not include easements or streets, whether private or public, which are non-assessable.

Exempt Parcels. - Publicly owned properties must be assessed unless there is clear and convincing evidence that those properties receive no special benefit from the improvements. Exempted from the assessment would be the areas of public streets, public avenues, public lanes, public roads, public drives, public courts, public alleys, public easements and rights-of-ways, public greenbelts, public parkways, public property designated open space, and any portion of public property that is not used for business purposes similar to private residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional activities.

Also exempted from the assessments are private streets, utility easements, homeowner’s or property owner’s association common areas (except club houses, community centers, parking lots, etc.) and any other parcels that do not receive a special and direct benefit from the improvements.

The following table summarizes the EDU Factors by zone of benefit for each land use category.

Parcels within each zone may be assessed once it is anticipated that improvements will need to be maintained or reserve funds will need to be collected for the ensuing fiscal year.

The table below summarizes both the maximum and applied assessment rates per EDU for Fiscal Year 2024-25.

Maximum Assessment Rate Increases
The maximum assessment rates for each zone may be adjusted annually by the greater of the annual increase in the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for the month of February, All Urban Consumers for the San Francisco/Oakland/San Jose area, or 3%.

Land Use Classification Unit Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Zone 7 Single-Family Residential per Dwelling Unit 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 Multi-Family Residential per Dwelling Unit 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 0.750 Non-Residential per Acre 11.250 8.158 27.040 10.150 8.158 7.810 8.158 Vacant Property per Acre 2.250 1.632 5.410 2.030 1.631 1.562 1.631 EDU Factor
LLD No. 19 Benefit Zone
Maximum
Assessment
Rate
Applied
Assessment
Rate
Zone 1 (Bayshore) $113.35 $87.34
Zone 2 (Lighthouse) $77.15 $59.45
Zone 3 (Newark Senior Housing) $62.76 $48.36
Zone 4 (Tract 8098 - Glass Bay) $118.28 $91.14
Zone 5 (Tracts 8099 & 8436 - Bridgeway) $96.83 $80.00
Zone 6 (Tract 8459 - Compass Bay) $126.28 $107.46
Zone 7 (Tract 8453 - Harbor Pointe) $143.93 $0.00

CITY OF NEWARK PART D
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT 30 Appeals and Interpretations
Any property owner who feels that the assessment levied on the subject property is in error because of incorrect information being used to apply the foregoing method of assessment, may file a written appeal with City Engineer or his or her designee. Any such appeal is limited to correction of an assessment during the then current or, if before July 1, the upcoming fiscal year. Upon the filing of any such appeal, the City Engineer or his or her designee will promptly review the appeal and any information provided by the property owner. If the City Engineer or his or her designee finds that the assessment should be modified, the appropriate changes shall be made to the assessment roll. If any such changes are approved after the assessment roll has been filed with the County for collection, the City Engineer or his or her designee is authorized to refund to the property owner the amount of any approved reduction. Any property owner who disagrees with the decision of the City Engineer or her or his designee may refer their appeal to the City Council and the decision of the City Council shall be final.

CITY OF NEWARK PART E
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING DISTRICT NO. 19 ASSESSMENT ROLL 31 PART E

The total proposed assessment for Fiscal Year 2024-25 is $120,717.72.

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 19

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0257-033-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-034-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-035-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-036-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-037-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-038-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-039-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-040-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-041-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-042-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-043-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-045-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-046-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-047-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-048-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-049-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-050-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-051-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-052-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-053-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-067-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-068-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-069-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-070-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-071-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-072-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-073-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-074-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-075-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-077-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-078-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-079-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-080-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-081-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-082-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-083-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-084-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-086-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-087-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-088-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-089-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-090-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-091-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-092-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-093-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-095-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-096-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-097-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-098-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-099-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-100-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-101-00 $65.50 1
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0257-102-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-103-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-104-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-105-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-107-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-108-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-109-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-110-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-111-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-112-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-113-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-114-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-115-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-117-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-118-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-119-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-120-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-121-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-122-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-123-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-124-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-125-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-127-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-128-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-129-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-130-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-131-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-132-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-133-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-134-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-136-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-137-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-138-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-139-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-140-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-141-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-142-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-144-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-145-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-146-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-147-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-148-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-149-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-150-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-151-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-152-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-154-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-155-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-156-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-157-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-158-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-159-00 $65.50 1
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0257-160-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-161-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-162-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-164-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-165-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-166-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-167-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-168-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-169-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-170-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-171-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-172-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-174-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-175-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-176-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-177-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-178-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-179-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-180-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-181-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-182-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-184-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-185-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-186-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-187-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-188-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-189-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-190-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-191-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-192-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-194-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-195-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-196-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-197-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-198-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-199-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-200-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-201-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-202-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-204-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-205-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-206-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-207-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-208-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-209-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-210-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-211-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-213-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-214-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-215-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-216-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-217-00 $65.50 1
PART E - 1 05/03/24

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 19

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0257-218-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-219-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-220-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-221-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-222-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-223-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-225-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-226-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-227-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-228-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-229-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-230-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-231-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-232-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-233-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-234-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-235-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-237-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-238-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-239-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-240-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-241-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-242-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-243-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-244-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-245-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-246-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-247-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-249-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-250-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-251-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-252-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-253-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-254-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-255-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-256-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-257-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-258-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-259-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-261-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-262-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-263-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-264-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-265-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-266-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-267-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-268-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-269-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-270-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-272-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-273-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-274-00 $65.50 1
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0257-275-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-276-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-277-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-278-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-279-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-280-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-281-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-282-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-284-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-285-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-286-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-287-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-288-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-289-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-290-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-291-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-292-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-294-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-295-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-296-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-297-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-298-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-299-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-300-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-301-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-302-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-303-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-305-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-306-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-307-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-308-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-309-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-310-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-311-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-312-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-313-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-314-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-315-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-317-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-318-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-319-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-320-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-321-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-322-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-323-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-324-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-325-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-327-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-328-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-329-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-330-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-331-00 $65.50 1
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0257-333-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-334-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-335-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-336-00 $65.50 1
092 -0257-337-00 $65.50 1
092 -0258-012-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-013-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-014-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-015-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-016-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-017-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-018-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-019-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-020-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-021-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-022-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-023-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-024-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-025-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-026-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-027-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-028-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-029-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-030-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-031-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-032-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-033-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-034-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-035-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-036-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-037-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-038-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-039-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-040-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-041-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-042-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-043-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-044-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-045-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-046-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-047-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-048-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-049-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-050-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-051-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-052-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-053-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-054-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-055-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-056-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-057-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-058-00 $87.34 1
PART E - 2 05/03/24

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 19

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0258-059-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-060-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-061-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-062-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-063-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-064-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-065-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-066-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-067-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-068-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-069-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-070-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-071-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-072-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-073-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-074-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-075-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-076-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-077-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-078-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-079-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-080-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-081-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-082-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-083-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-084-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-085-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-086-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-087-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-088-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-089-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-090-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-091-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-092-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-093-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-094-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-095-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-096-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-097-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-098-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-099-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-100-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-101-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-102-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-103-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-104-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-105-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-106-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-107-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-108-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-109-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-110-00 $87.34 1
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0258-111-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-112-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-113-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-114-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-115-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-116-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-117-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-118-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-119-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-120-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-121-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-122-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-123-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-124-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-125-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-126-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-127-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-128-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-129-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-130-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-131-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-132-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-133-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-134-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-135-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-136-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-137-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-138-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-139-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-140-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-141-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-142-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-143-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-144-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-145-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-146-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-147-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-148-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-149-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-150-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-151-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-152-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-153-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-154-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-155-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-156-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-157-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-158-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-159-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-160-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-161-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-162-00 $87.34 1
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0258-163-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-164-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-165-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-166-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-167-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-168-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-169-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-170-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-171-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-172-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-173-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-174-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-175-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-176-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-177-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-178-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-179-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-180-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-181-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-182-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-183-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-184-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-185-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-186-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-187-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-188-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-189-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-190-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-191-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-192-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-193-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-194-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-195-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-196-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-197-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-198-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-199-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-200-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-201-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-202-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-203-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-204-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-205-00 $87.34 1
092 -0258-206-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-005-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-006-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-007-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-008-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-009-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-010-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-011-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-012-00 $87.34 1
PART E - 3 05/03/24

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 19

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0261-013-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-014-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-015-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-016-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-017-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-018-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-019-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-020-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-021-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-022-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-023-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-024-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-025-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-026-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-027-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-028-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-029-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-030-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-031-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-032-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-033-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-034-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-035-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-036-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-037-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-038-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-039-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-040-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-041-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-042-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-043-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-044-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-045-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-046-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-047-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-048-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-049-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-050-00 $87.34 1
092 -0261-051-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-003-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-004-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-005-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-006-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-007-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-008-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-009-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-010-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-011-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-012-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-013-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-014-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-015-00 $87.34 1
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0262-016-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-017-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-018-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-019-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-020-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-021-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-022-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-023-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-024-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-025-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-026-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-027-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-028-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-029-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-030-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-031-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-032-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-033-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-034-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-035-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-036-00 $87.34 1
092 -0262-037-00 $87.34 1
092 -0260-024-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-025-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-026-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-027-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-028-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-029-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-030-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-031-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-033-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-034-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-035-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-036-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-037-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-038-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-039-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-040-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-042-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-043-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-044-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-045-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-046-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-047-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-048-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-049-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-051-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-052-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-053-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-054-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-055-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-056-00 $44.58 2
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0260-057-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-058-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-060-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-061-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-062-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-063-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-064-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-065-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-067-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-068-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-069-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-070-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-071-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-072-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-074-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-075-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-076-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-077-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-078-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-080-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-081-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-082-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-083-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-084-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-086-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-087-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-088-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-089-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-090-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-091-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-093-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-094-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-095-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-096-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-097-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-098-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-100-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-101-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-102-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-103-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-104-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-105-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-107-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-108-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-109-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-110-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-111-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-112-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-113-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-114-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-116-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-117-00 $44.58 2
PART E - 4 05/03/24

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 19

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0260-118-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-119-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-120-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-121-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-122-00 $44.58 2
092 -0260-123-00 $44.58 2
092 -0115-012-08 $2,720.24 3
092 -0259-024-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-025-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-026-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-027-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-028-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-029-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-030-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-031-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-032-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-033-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-034-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-035-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-036-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-037-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-038-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-039-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-040-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-041-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-042-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-043-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-044-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-045-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-046-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-047-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-048-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-049-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-050-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-051-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-052-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-053-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-054-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-055-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-056-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-057-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-058-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-059-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-060-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-061-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-062-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-063-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-064-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-065-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-066-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-067-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-068-00 $91.14 4
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0259-069-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-070-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-071-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-072-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-073-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-074-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-075-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-076-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-077-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-078-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-079-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-080-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-081-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-082-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-083-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-084-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-085-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-086-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-087-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-088-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-089-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-090-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-091-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-092-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-093-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-094-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-095-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-096-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-097-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-098-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-099-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-100-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-101-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-102-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-103-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-104-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-105-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-106-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-107-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-108-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-109-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-110-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-111-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-112-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-113-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-114-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-115-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-116-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-117-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-118-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-119-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-120-00 $91.14 4
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0259-121-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-122-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-123-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-124-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-125-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-126-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-127-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-128-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-129-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-130-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-131-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-132-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-133-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-134-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-135-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-136-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-137-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-138-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-139-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-140-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-141-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-142-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-143-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-144-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-145-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-146-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-147-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-148-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-149-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-150-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-151-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-152-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-153-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-154-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-155-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-156-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-157-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-158-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-159-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-160-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-161-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-162-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-163-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-164-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-165-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-166-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-167-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-168-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-169-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-170-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-171-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-172-00 $91.14 4
PART E - 5 05/03/24

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 19

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0259-173-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-174-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-175-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-176-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-177-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-178-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-179-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-180-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-181-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-182-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-183-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-184-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-185-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-186-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-187-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-188-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-189-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-190-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-191-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-192-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-193-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-194-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-195-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-196-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-197-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-198-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-199-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-200-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-201-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-202-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-203-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-204-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-205-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-206-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-207-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-208-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-209-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-210-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-211-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-212-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-213-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-214-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-215-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-216-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-217-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-218-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-219-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-220-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-221-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-222-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-223-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-224-00 $91.14 4
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0259-225-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-226-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-227-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-228-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-229-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-230-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-231-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-232-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-233-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-234-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-235-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-236-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-237-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-238-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-239-00 $91.14 4
092 -0259-240-00 $91.14 4
537 -0856-001-00 $517.52 5
537 -0856-014-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-015-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-016-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-017-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-018-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-019-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-020-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-021-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-022-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-023-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-024-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-025-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-026-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-027-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-028-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-029-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-030-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-031-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-032-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-033-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-034-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-035-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-036-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-037-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-038-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-039-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-040-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-041-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-042-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-043-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-044-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-045-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-046-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-047-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-048-00 $80.00 5
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
537 -0856-049-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-050-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-051-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-052-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-053-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-054-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-055-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-056-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-057-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-058-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-059-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-060-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-061-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-062-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-063-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-064-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-065-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-087-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-088-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-089-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-090-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-091-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-092-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-093-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-094-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-095-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-096-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-097-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-098-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-099-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-100-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-101-00 $80.00 5
537 -0856-102-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-103-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-104-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-105-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-106-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-107-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-109-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-110-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-111-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-112-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-113-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-114-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-115-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-117-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-118-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-119-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-120-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-121-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-122-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-123-00 $60.00 5
PART E - 6 05/03/24

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 19

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
537 -0856-125-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-126-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-127-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-128-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-129-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-130-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-131-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-132-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-133-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-135-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-136-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-137-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-138-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-139-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-140-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-141-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-142-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-143-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-145-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-146-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-147-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-148-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-149-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-150-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-151-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-152-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-153-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-155-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-156-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-157-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-158-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-159-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-160-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-162-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-163-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-164-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-165-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-166-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-167-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-169-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-170-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-171-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-172-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-173-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-174-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-175-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-176-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-177-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-179-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-180-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-181-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-182-00 $60.00 5
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
537 -0856-184-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-185-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-186-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-187-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-188-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-189-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-190-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-191-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-192-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-194-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-195-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-196-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-197-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-198-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-199-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-201-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-202-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-203-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-204-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-205-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-206-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-208-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-209-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-210-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-211-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-212-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-213-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-215-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-216-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-217-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-218-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-219-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-220-00 $60.00 5
537 -0856-221-00 $60.00 5
537 -0857-020-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-021-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-022-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-023-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-024-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-025-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-026-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-027-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-028-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-029-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-030-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-031-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-032-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-033-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-034-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-035-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-036-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-037-00 $80.00 5
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
537 -0857-038-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-039-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-040-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-041-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-042-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-043-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-044-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-045-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-046-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-047-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-048-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-049-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-050-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-051-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-052-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-053-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-054-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-055-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-056-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-057-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-058-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-059-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-060-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-061-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-062-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-063-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-064-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-065-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-066-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-067-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-068-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-069-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-070-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-071-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-072-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-073-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-074-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-075-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-076-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-077-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-078-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-079-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-080-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-081-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-082-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-083-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-084-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-085-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-086-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-087-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-088-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-089-00 $80.00 5
PART E - 7 05/03/24

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 19

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
537 -0857-090-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-091-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-092-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-093-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-094-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-095-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-096-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-097-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-098-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-099-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-100-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-101-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-102-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-103-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-104-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-105-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-106-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-107-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-108-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-109-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-110-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-111-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-112-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-113-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-114-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-115-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-116-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-117-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-118-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-119-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-120-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-121-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-122-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-123-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-124-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-125-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-126-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-127-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-128-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-129-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-130-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-131-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-132-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-133-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-134-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-135-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-136-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-137-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-138-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-139-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-140-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-141-00 $80.00 5
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
537 -0857-142-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-143-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-144-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-145-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-146-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-147-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-148-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-149-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-150-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-151-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-152-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-153-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-154-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-155-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-156-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-157-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-158-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-159-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-160-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-161-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-162-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-163-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-164-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-165-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-166-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-167-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-168-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-169-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-170-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-171-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-172-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-173-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-174-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-175-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-176-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-177-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-178-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-179-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-180-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-181-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-182-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-183-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-184-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-185-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-186-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-187-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-188-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-189-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-190-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-191-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-192-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-193-00 $80.00 5
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
537 -0857-194-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-195-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-196-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-197-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-198-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-199-00 $80.00 5
537 -0857-200-00 $80.00 5
537 -0858-029-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-030-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-031-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-032-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-033-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-034-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-035-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-037-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-038-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-039-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-040-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-041-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-042-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-043-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-045-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-046-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-047-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-048-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-050-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-051-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-052-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-053-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-054-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-055-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-056-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-057-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-058-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-060-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-061-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-062-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-063-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-064-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-065-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-067-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-068-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-069-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-070-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-071-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-072-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-073-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-075-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-076-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-077-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-078-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-079-00 $60.00 5
PART E - 8 05/03/24

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 19

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
537 -0858-080-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-081-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-082-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-083-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-085-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-086-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-087-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-088-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-089-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-090-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-092-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-093-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-094-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-095-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-096-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-097-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-099-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-100-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-101-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-102-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-103-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-104-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-106-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-107-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-108-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-109-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-110-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-111-00 $60.00 5
537 -0858-112-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-034-00 $24.96 5
537 -0860-035-00 $31.68 5
537 -0860-036-00 $25.84 5
537 -0860-037-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-038-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-039-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-040-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-041-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-042-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-043-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-044-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-045-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-046-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-047-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-048-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-049-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-050-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-051-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-052-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-053-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-054-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-055-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-056-00 $80.00 5
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
537 -0860-057-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-058-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-059-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-060-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-061-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-062-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-063-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-064-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-065-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-066-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-067-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-068-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-069-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-070-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-071-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-072-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-073-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-074-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-075-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-076-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-077-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-078-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-079-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-080-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-081-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-082-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-083-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-084-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-085-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-086-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-087-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-088-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-089-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-090-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-091-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-092-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-093-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-094-00 $80.00 5
537 -0860-095-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-096-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-097-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-098-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-099-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-100-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-102-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-103-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-104-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-105-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-106-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-107-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-109-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-110-00 $60.00 5
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
537 -0860-111-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-112-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-113-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-114-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-116-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-117-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-118-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-119-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-120-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-121-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-123-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-124-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-125-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-126-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-127-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-128-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-130-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-131-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-132-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-133-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-134-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-135-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-137-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-138-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-139-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-140-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-141-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-142-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-144-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-145-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-146-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-147-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-148-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-149-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-151-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-152-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-153-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-154-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-155-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-156-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-158-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-159-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-160-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-161-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-162-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-163-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-165-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-166-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-167-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-168-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-169-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-170-00 $60.00 5
PART E - 9 05/03/24

CITY OF NEWARK
LANDSCAPING & LIGHTING DISTRICT No. 19

ASSESSMENT ROLL
FISCAL YEAR 2024-25
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
537 -0860-172-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-173-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-174-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-175-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-176-00 $60.00 5
537 -0860-177-00 $60.00 5
092 -0264-011-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-012-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-013-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-014-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-015-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-016-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-017-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-018-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-019-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-020-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-021-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-022-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-023-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-024-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-025-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-026-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-027-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-028-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-029-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-030-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-031-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-032-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-033-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-034-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-035-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-036-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-037-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-038-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-039-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-040-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-041-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-042-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-043-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-044-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-045-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-046-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-047-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-048-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-049-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-050-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-051-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-052-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-053-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-054-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-055-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-056-00 $107.46 6
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0264-057-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-058-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-059-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-060-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-061-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-062-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-063-00 $107.46 6
092 -0264-070-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-071-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-072-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-074-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-075-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-076-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-077-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-078-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-080-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-081-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-082-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-083-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-084-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-085-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-086-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-093-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-094-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-095-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-096-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-097-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-098-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-100-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-101-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-102-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-103-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-104-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-105-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-107-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-108-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-109-00 $80.60 6
092 -0264-110-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-015-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-016-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-017-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-018-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-019-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-021-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-022-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-023-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-024-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-025-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-027-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-028-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-029-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-030-00 $80.60 6
Assessor's
Parcel
Number Zone
Assessment
Amount
092 -0265-031-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-033-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-034-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-035-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-036-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-038-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-039-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-040-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-041-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-042-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-043-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-045-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-046-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-047-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-048-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-049-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-050-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-051-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-053-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-054-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-055-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-056-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-057-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-058-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-060-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-061-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-062-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-063-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-064-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-065-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-067-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-068-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-069-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-070-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-071-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-072-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-074-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-075-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-076-00 $80.60 6
092 -0265-077-00 $80.60 6
Total Parcels: 1,548
Total Assessment: $120,717.72
PART E - 10 05/03/24
Item F. 1.

DATE 07/25/2024
TO Honorable Mayor and City Council Members
FROM Ed Miranda, Information Technology Director/CIO
SUBJECT Adopt a resolution approving the Broadband Master Plan SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION
The Broadband Master Plan provides the City’s strategic plan to outline how the City aims to improve and expand its broadband internet infrastructure for the next ten (10) years, aligning with the City Council’s adoption of the City of Newark American Rescue Plan Act (“ARPA”) Recovery Plan and grant funding from the State of California. On April 25, 2024, a draft Broadband Master Plan and Smart City Report assessing broadband and smart city opportunities in the city, including community outreach performed to develop an implementation strategy for citywide high-speed internet access, was presented to City Council. All comments and recommended edits have been incorporated into the final report. Staff recommends that the City Council, by resolution, approve the Broadband Master Plan.

BACKGROUND
In March 2023, the City Council authorized an agreement with Government Technology Group, LLC (GTG) to develop a Broadband Master Plan (Plan). The scope of the Plan is to help the City of Newark explore competitive, reliable, and cost-effective broadband technologies to address the needs of the community at large, with a focus on unserved and underserved areas. The Plan will help guide decision-making and prioritize where funds can make an impact. GTG followed a structured, phased approach that built upon earlier stages and findings to discover and resolve foundational gaps in the communications needs of the City with recommendations, roadmaps, and prioritizations supporting broadband technologies. The planning methodology for the Plan was a collaborative effort with staff and community input through conversations, surveys, meetings, workshops and reviews, supplemented by subject-matter expertise and awareness of industry best practices and evolving trends.

May 23, 2023 - July 31, 2023: the Newark Broadband Master Plan Survey was publicized through several outlets
July 12, 2023: the first community outreach workshop was conducted with a target audience of residents
August 25, 2023: the second community outreach Workshop was conducted with a target audience of businesses
August 1, 2023 - August 28, 2023: extended the Broadband Survey to brick-and-mortar and home-based businesses on the business license list in brick-and-mortar and home-based businesses on the business license list in multiple languages (English, Spanish, Vietnamese, and Mandarin) The Plan outlines a strategic framework for the development, implementation, and management of a citywide broadband infrastructure. It articulates a mission and vision to accommodate the City's current and future "Smart City" projects. The Plan is a framework for the next ten (10) years that will facilitate the City's mission of providing superior public services that enhance the quality of life for the community. The Plan will assist with the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the need for Smart City services due to the proliferation of connected devices, including utility assets, streetlights, traffic signals and security cameras. It will also guide and enable decisions on how fiber optic technologies support City and community needs. In addition, it will enhance operational and business processes to help staff collaborate within and across divisional boundaries. The Plan lays out steps for the City to use broadband services to improve efficiencies in delivering services to the community, including broadband-friendly policies.

DISCUSSION/ANALYSIS
A draft Broadband Master Plan was presented at the April 25, 2024, City Council meeting. Feedback received from City Council and the public on the Draft Broadband Master Plan have been categorized into the following three themes:

Poor Broadband Coverage (Reliability and Lack of Fiber Infrastructure) To address poor broadband coverage, GTG and staff identified community gathering areas where the City's Smart LED streetlights could be leveraged to provide Wi-Fi access to larger populations that visit locations such as (1) Mel Nunes Sportsfield Park, (2) Newark Community Center, (3) Birch Grove Park, and (4) Jerry Raber Ash Street Park. The addition of these four locations have been included in the Conceptual Design (High Level Design) and are within the available funding.

Broadband Choices are Limited
To increase broadband choices, the Plan recommends issuing a Request for Proposals (RFP) for a Public Private Partnership would attract a Private Sector Partner to build low-cost, high-speed connectivity. This would increase the broadband choices available, especially as governance, such as a Dig-Once policy and standards are developed to expand broadband citywide.

The cost estimates to connect City facilities are included in the report, but subject to change depending on the responses from the RFP for a Public Private Partnership.

Lack of Funds to Build Infrastructure
More clearly identified funding mechanisms to sustain ongoing broadband infrastructure ideas include: Technology Fund, PEG fees, Enterprise funding, Utility User Tax, seek regional partners.

All comments and recommended edits have been incorporated into the attached final Broadband Master Plan. Specifically, the edits are:

Executive Summary
Added additional detail to recommendation #3 highlighting that an identified partner (Public Private Partnership) should have the ability to add public/private WiFi to areas identified by the City (page 5).

Market Analysis
Key Findings - In line with the market analysis, updated the key findings to clarify that the City of Newark is served by the local providers, not necessarily “well” served (page 16).

Data Centers – Clarified that the Apple Newark Data Center was purchased by T5 Data Centers in October 2020 (pages 25-26).

Conceptual Design
The High Level Design (HLD) was updated per Council feedback to reflect the addition of fiber and WiFi connections to four City Parks, improving access to underserved areas within the City (page 50).

Figure 21 – HLD by Construction Type – Replaced figure to highlight the four areas added to extend WiFi to (Newark Community Center Park, Mel Nunes Sportsfield Park, Birch Grove Park and Jerry Raber Ash Street Park) (page 52).

Phase 1 – Added recommendation and updated approximate cost to provide connectivity to Mel Nunes Sportsfield Park and Birch Grove Park with WiFi capabilities (page 53).

Phase 2 – Added recommendation and updated approximate cost to provide connectivity to Jerry Raber Ash Street Park with WiFi capabilities (page 53).

Phase 3 – Added recommendation and updated approximate cost to provide connectivity to Newark Community Park with WiFi capabilities (page 53).

Figure 22 – Replaced with HLD Map by Phase (page 54).

HLD Footages, WiFi and Budget
Summarized the desire to provide wireless connectivity for the community and outlined the projected construction types, along with their estimated footage and costs (pages 54-55).

Next Steps
Item #3 – Added the inclusion of adding WiFi to the four identified city parks (page 65)
Item #10 – Added “or other programs that provide similar services” to "Promote the Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP)" due to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) announcing that the ACP ended June 1, 2024 (page 66). The ACP had provided up to $30 per month of assistance for internet service to qualified low-income households.

Including the above mentioned changes, the Broadband Master Plan now recommends the following next steps:

Establish a staff committee for oversight and accountability for program initiatives and progress; assign a person or hire a consultant to be the City's point person leading broadband efforts
Issue a Request For Proposals (RFP) to seek a Public Private Partnership (P3) for a partner that can engineer and construct the High-Level Design (HLD) as well as attract an internet service provider (ISP) to provide internet services to the residents, organizations and businesses of Newark.

Create policies and procedures relative to broadband development and digital inclusion, including a dig-once policy, development agreement standards, and promoting resources and programs for underserved and low-income people.

Develop funding mechanisms or financing strategies that help fund broadband programs (i.e., Technology Fund, PEG fees, Enterprise funding, Utility User Tax, seek regional partners), which will be critical for the initial and ongoing success of broadband development.

Incrementally build city-owned broadband infrastructure with a P3, if this model is selected.

FISCAL IMPACT
There is no fiscal impact associated with this item. As each of the Plan's recommendations are considered, any necessary funding requests will adhere to the City's purchasing and budget policies.

REVIEW AND APPROVAL
Prepared by - Edwin J. Miranda, Information Technology Director Reviewed by - Lenka Hovorka, Assistant City Manager
Reviewed by - Krysten Lee, Finance Director
Reviewed by - Kristopher J. Kokotaylo, City Attorney
Approved by - David J. Benoun, City Manager
Attachments
Resolution - Broadband Master Plan
Broadband Master Plan
Presentation - Broadband Master Plan
RESOLUTION NO.

RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF

NEWARK ADOPTING THE BROADBAND MASTER PLAN
WHEREAS, the City Council held a work session on October 7, 2021, to consider options for use of the City of Newark’s $11.8 million of the Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds (SLFRF) allocation and the City of Newark’s American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) was formally approved on October 28, 2022; and
WHEREAS, the ARPA Recovery Plan designates $200,000 for Broadband Master Planning and an additional $1,000,000 for infrastructure improvements; and WHEREAS, the City accepted Assembly Bill (AB179) Broadband Improvement Grant of $1,800,000 through the State of California for Broadband Improvements; and WHEREAS, the ARPA and State of California Grant funds will help develop a Citywide Broadband Master Plan to ensure sufficient infrastructure is in place to provide robust broadband services to all residents and business that will support and expand the City’s broadband internet infrastructure; and
WHEREAS, the City released a request for proposals for the development of a Citywide Broadband Master Plan and entered into an agreement with Government Technology Group, LLC (Consultant); and
WHEREAS, the Broadband Master Plan will help guide the decision-making and help prioritize where funds can make an impact and outline a strategic framework for the development, implementation and management of a citywide broadband infrastructure; and WHEREAS, the draft Broadband Master Plan was presented to City Council in April 2024 and feedback was received; and
WHEREAS, the feedback provided has been incorporated into the final Broadband Master Plan.

NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Newark hereby adopts the Broadband Master Plan attached hereto and incorporated by reference.

Broadband Master Plan
and Smart City Report
for

37101 Newark Blvd.

Newark, CA 94560

From

2930 Geer Rd
Suite 273
Turlock, CA 95382
(209) 678-3077
[email protected]
City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 2 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Table of Contents
Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 4 Introduction...................................................................................................................... 6 Methodology............................................................................................................................................ 6 Key Findings ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Asset Assessment ........................................................................................................... 8 Planned Assets ....................................................................................................................................... 9 City-Owned Broadband Infrastructure ..................................................................................... 9 Technology Trends .............................................................................................................................. 9 Market Analysis............................................................................................................. 15 Key Findings ..........................................................................................................................................16 Conclusion..............................................................................................................................................27 Service Availability....................................................................................................... 28 Address Assessment.........................................................................................................................28 Goals and Needs ............................................................................................................ 33 Broadband Survey...............................................................................................................................33 Speed Test Results.............................................................................................................................38 Comments from Business Respondents................................................................................39 Comments from Residents............................................................................................................41 Community Outreach Meetings..................................................................................................45 Policies ............................................................................................................................. 45 Gaps .................................................................................................................................. 46 Conceptual Design ........................................................................................................ 48 Tradeoffs .................................................................................................................................................50 Phasing......................................................................................................................................................51 HLD Footages, WiFi and Budget..................................................................................................54 Business Model and Funding...................................................................................... 56 Business Models ..................................................................................................................................57 Grants and Other Funding Sources ..........................................................................................60 Recommendations......................................................................................................... 61 Next Steps........................................................................................................................ 64 Connected Communities ................................................................................................................67 Case Study Examples.................................................................................................... 68 City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 3 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Newark Strategic Horizon Chart................................................................................ 73 Top Areas of Opportunity .............................................................................................................73 Other Smart City/Connected Communities Recommendations ..............................74 Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................... 76 City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 4 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Executive Summary
Broadband is a 21st century challenge, ranked as one of the most important technology investments to make worldwide. It is key for economic development purposes, competitiveness, job creation and a new foundation for more prosperous communities. In Newark’s case, there is a desire to improve reliability and speeds in the community, including wireless and 5G technologies. Broadband increases the opportunities to achieve these goals.

Access to the internet is a critical part of everyday life for most of the world.

The internet, known as a network of networks, allows individuals to connect to each other, no matter where you live or do business in the world. Broadband is the way we connect to the internet, using diverse types of technology such as copper wireline, fiber optics, cellular, wireless, coax or even satellite.

Although there are different technologies, the terms broadband and internet can be interchangeable terms that refer to ability to access the “Net” or internet. “High-speed” broadband is the term for devices to connect to the internet via wireless, fiber optics, hybrid fiber coax or DSL technologies. The Federal Communications Commission has defined broadband as internet speeds of at least 25 megabits per second (Mbps) download and 3 Mbps upload.

California has set a higher standard of 100Mbps down and 20 Mbps up.

The internet of things (IoT) refers to a collective network of devices that can communicate with each other, the cloud and other
networks. IoT integrates everyday “things” such as
refrigerators, TVs, cars, phones and a myriad of
devices and implants to continuously monitor and
report their status with minimal or no human
interaction needed. The IoT relies on broadband, in all its many forms, to connect to the internet.

Technology advancements are creating an online
reality that cannot be ignored, and any city that does not embrace this new reality will be left behind. Distance learning, telehealth and remote work are requirements for residents to be able to function in this new online environment. Until recently, broadband was viewed as a luxury provided by the private sector, with cities held captive by the whims of these companies.

Figure 1 - Internet of Things
City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 5 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
The City of Newark is no different. Partnering with Government Technology Group LLC (GTG), a Broadband Master Plan and Smart City Study was performed to assess broadband and Smart City opportunities in the city.

The City recognized their community’s desire for high-speed, affordable broadband services. Government Technology Group (GTG) performed the assessment of the broadband and Smart City needs of the city, exploring opportunities for improving and expanding high speed broadband communications for all community members in their jurisdiction, while taking advantage of broadband communications to support innovative Smart City solutions.

The assessment included a survey of the community, workshops with residents, stakeholders and businesses and discussions with City staff to obtain a holistic view of their needs.

The outreach performed by GTG shows that the city is well served by broadband internet, but there is a need to expand fiber to other areas of the city to support municipal services and build infrastructure that could be used to improve competition between broadband providers in the city, if determined as a need in the future. Broadband expansion could also be beneficial in improving wireless connectivity in the city for public safety, public works and for the public with expanded 5G services.

For Newark to be successful in moving forward with the recommendations of the Broadband Master Plan the following top six recommendations should occur:
1) Defining roles and responsibilities, assigning a point person to lead broadband efforts, and continual oversight on program initiatives and progress.
2) Establish a staff committee for oversight and accountability for program initiatives and progress.
3) Newark should consider a public private partnership for a partner that can engineer and construct the High-Level Design as well as attract an ISP to provide Internet services to the community. The provider should also have the ability to add public/private WiFi to areas identified by the City. 4) Create policies and procedures relative to broadband development including a dig once policy and development agreement standards. 5) Finally, developing funding mechanisms or financing strategies that help pay for broadband programs (i.e. Technology Fund, PEG fees, Enterprise Funding, Utility User Tax) will be critical for the initial and ongoing success of broadband development.

City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 6 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
6) Incrementally build city-owned broadband infrastructure with a P3 if this model is selected.

This report provides recommendations for the organization as a strategic roadmap that focuses on using time and resources efficiently.

Introduction
Methodology
The methodology GTG used for this plan consists of proven steps, encompassing the vital information needed to establish a Broadband/Smart City plan and the steps to accomplish said plan.

Figure 2- Methodology
Asset Assessment is investigating and analyzing what assets—street and traffic lights, towers, existing conduit or fiber, for example —exist in the city that can be leveraged for the expansion of broadband. GTG looks at city-owned assets as well as privately owned assets.

Market Assessment includes researching the area and discovering what services are available, in what areas they are available and at what price.

Needs Assessment is required to understand what the city needs to support economic development, as well as community needs related to broadband and Smart City innovation.

DISCOVERY PHASE
Asset Assessment
Market Assessment
Needs Assessment

VISION PHASE
High-Level Design
Recommendations

FINAL REPORT
Next Steps
Final Report
City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 7 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
High-Level Design provides a road map for the expansion of broadband through construction. Although it is not always recommended that municipalities build a network to serve the community, a high-level design is necessary to understand what it would take to build a network, providing the city an opportunity to incrementally build and take advantage of Dig Once policies, developer agreements and capital projects.

Recommendations comprise the totality of the report, with an outline of the direction the city should follow to support the needs of the community.

Next Steps apply actions to the recommendations to accomplish the tasks required for implementation of the broadband and Smart City plan.

Final Report and Presentation including all the elements outlined above in a final document and presentation to staff, city council and the public, if desired.

Key Findings
• Expanding broadband to city facilities will reduce telecommunication costs for the city, while providing a foundation for improved services, such as attracting a private sector partner to expand low-cost, high-speed internet within the city.
• Most community members have access to high-speed broadband, but the existing infrastructure is not future proof i.e. fiber. Some providers are using a hybrid fiber coax solution while others continue to use dated copper lines.
• Internet Service Provider broadband infrastructure is dated impacting reliability.
• Cellular coverage within city facilities is lacking or spotty. This could be due to saturation of coverage or something blocking the signal i.e., trees and buildings.
• There is a desire for Wi-Fi for business, inclusivity, old town area, restaurant row, the Senior Center, community center and parks. • Newark is interested in developing broadband in a way that offers a competitive advantage for its community.
• The City lacks a Dig Once policy and Developer Agreement standards for expanding broadband infrastructure at a reduced cost to the city. • Broadband access and affordability are issues for lower-income residents.

All businesses—particularly large, technology-focused businesses—need reliable, modern broadband infrastructure.

City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 8 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
• Newark works closely with property owners and developers to streamline the development and building permit review and inspection processes.

The City should continue enhancing these processes as needed. • The City issued an RFP to reduce telephone and Internet costs to select facilities. The City’s broadband plan should be considered during the evaluation process to assist in reducing costs while improving speeds and reliability.
• The City has a security framework in place, a foundational piece to support Smart City/Connected Community programs.
• The City has multiple opportunities to implement Smart City solutions, taking advantage of broadband infrastructure planned for implementation.
• The City is in the process of updating its streetlights. The new streetlights are Smart City/Connected Community ready i.e., they can be used to expand Wi-Fi when funding becomes available.
• The City has Smart City/Connected Community projects and services in place, i.e., eNotifications, TextMyGov.
• There is a desire to improve cellular coverage at the Mall and Costco. The City can help provide Wi-Fi outside the buildings, but private businesses need to work with cellular providers to improve service inside the buildings.

Asset Assessment
Assets are everything owned by a city that has inherent value. This includes physical items, as well as the non-physical, such as space and intellectual property. Asset inventory is one of the first steps in the planning process and is required to find a starting point for infrastructure expansion. For this study, GTG focused on assets that are or can be utilized for broadband. Some assets evaluated include:
• Network equipment
• Fiber optic cables
• In ground conduits
• Wireless towers and antennas
• Agreements with assets attached
• Office space, rack space
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Planned Assets
Planned assets and capital improvement projects are necessary to track and are included in the network designing process because they can add a great deal of infrastructure at a reduced cost. These projects can also speed up deployment by taking advantage of opportunities that can be used later when needed. Some of the opportunities can be agreements with other agencies, counites, rail lines, internet service providers (ISPs) and more.

Newark has a few planned projects that fall into these categories:
• Bayside Transit Oriented Development – Future major Bay Area regional rail and bus transit center, which includes a large transit oriented residential development, located in the southwest portion of the city near the intersection of Enterprise Dr. and Willow Street.
• Traffic Signal Interconnect – Three separate projects running along Cherry St, Thronton Ave, and Newark Blvd provide transportation flow and control improvements.
• Old Town Project Development Area Streetscape Improvements – Major project to enhance the downtown core of Newark.

Each of these projects offer Newark improved opportunities to add fiber, conduit, and access points as they are developed. Additionally, these projects could help Newark expand its reach of fiber throughout the community, providing opportunities for residents, businesses, schools, and other government facilities to gain access to high-speed broadband infrastructure.

City-Owned Broadband Infrastructure
The City owns limited broadband infrastructure. To provide improved services for the community and the potential for enhanced internet services for community, the city should take advantage of Dig Once policies and regional efforts to build out the high-level design provided in this report.

Technology Trends
Overall, activities, processes and resources are being digitized. On one level, this is simply a function of the increasing capacity and speed of digital technologies. On another level, these trends are driven by a larger mega-trend City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 10 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
towards demand-driven, pull-based systems, including agile development and lean production.

Pull-based systems produce just-in-time results, like getting a coffee at a cafe; it is not made until you order it. Tying this to agile and lean production, you ensure information is visible and accessible as needed, improving decision making and collaboration, resulting in improved, cost-effective services. Much of the rationale for digitization has centered on cost avoidance or reduction, whereas the larger trend is primarily focused on increasing customer value and revenue in an efficient manner. These trends are interacting with larger socioeconomic factors, particularly the aging population, a shrinking workforce, and climate change. While beyond the scope of this study, this report provides a solid foundation for effectively addressing the trends noted below.

A specific trend directly impacting local governments is the emergence of a Connected Community (Smart City), which can be defined as “a place where traditional networks and services are made more efficient with the use of digital solutions for the benefit of its inhabitants and business.”0F 1 While
Connected Community activities have often been very technology-centric rather than citizen-centric, the general purpose is to improve and integrate public processes. Generally, Connected Communities focus on energy, environment, and public-facing activities, but major internal changes, typically referred to as digital transformation, are necessary for external improvements. “Digital transformation is the integration of digital technology into all areas of a business, fundamentally changing how businesses, including local governments, operate and deliver value to customers.”1F 2 This has important
implications for municipalities, not the least of which relate to residents and other external stakeholders. For Newark, digital transformation means residents are likely working remotely or running businesses from their homes.

Of course, this also implies major changes for the city itself. Specifically, citizen/customer-facing systems might be deployed and/or upgraded so the City’s operations can be done completely online. This also means the City should be providing some form of connectivity, such as electronic kiosks and 1 https://commission.europa.eu/eu-regional-and-urban-development/topics/cities-and-urbandevelopment/city-initiatives/smart-cities_en 2 https://enterprisersproject.com/what-is-digital-transformation City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 11 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
public Wi-Fi, for convenience and for those who do not have access to affordable or reliable internet at home or at their business.

Three related trends are the rise of cloud services, integration of information technologies (IT) with operational technologies (OT), and, most significant for current purposes, emergence of broadband as a utility.

Cloud services include a wide range of applications, data collection, processing and storage and network functions provided via numerous, distributed computing resources. The two major implications for municipalities are (a) reduced need to operate servers but (b) increased costs for and reliance on online services along with (c) new applications—mostly web-based—that were impractical or unavailable in the past.

A general class of cloud-based applications and related technologies focuses on adding intelligence to assets and machines of various sorts, allowing them to be integrated with information technologies (or vice-versa).

Operational technologies (OT) are “programmable systems or devices that interact with the physical environment [to] detect or cause a direct change through the monitoring and/or control of devices, processes and events.”2F 3 For
municipalities, OT includes everything from garbage trucks to traffic signals.

Increasingly, OT is being added to “dumb” assets such as manholes, SCADA systems, traffic, parking meters and streetlights. Integration with IT enables cost reduction and performance improvement.

Broadband is technically any channelized communications media, but it has come to mean always-on, high-speed internet access. Broadband is important for people, as it allows them to access media content, connect with friends and pursue their interests. As businesses and government undergo digital transformation, broadband is increasingly important in everyday life. Access to education, jobs and healthcare effectively require broadband. On the other side of this trend, businesses and municipalities that do not have and use broadband are at a huge competitive disadvantage. While it may seem a bit pedantic to include broadband as a trend in a report for a broadband study, it is important to understand that broadband isn’t an end, but rather a means to improved outcomes that enables other trends.
3 https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/operational_technology City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 12 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Beneath all these trends runs a more fundamental observation: The critical and growing need for robust cybersecurity. Internet access can provide a way for malicious hackers to steal data from or take over municipal systems. As the amount of OT increases, so do the digital vulnerabilities that allow hackers to control them, operate software bots and attack other systems. Cybersecurity is as much about practices and procedures as well as technologies. For example, “deep fake” technology and spoofing—imitating or taking over accounts—are being used to get critical information or direct payments. People need to be educated about how to recognize possible scams and “social hacks” and avoid them.

Fiber optics has become the gold standard for broadband deployment. There is no broadband deployment medium that can compare to the speeds, symmetrical bandwidth or low latency that fiber optics provide. Wireless, cellular or hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) cannot compare to the speeds or reliability of fiber optics. Japan’s National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) set a new speed record over a single strand of fiber at 1.02 petabits per second.3F
4 Figure 3 - Download Times Comparison
Library of Congress - Estimated 240 Terabytes (240,000,000 Megabytes) Seconds Minutes Hours Days Months
25 Mbps DSL 9,600,000 160,000 2,667 111 3.7
50 Mbps Cable 4,800,000 80,000 1,333 56 1.9
100 Mbps Cable/Fiber 2,400,000 40,000 667 28
4 https://www.tvtechnology.com/news/japans-nict-sets-new-data-transmission-speedrecord#:~:text=Japanese%20researchers%20have%20set%20a,(32%20miles).

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500 Mbps Cable/Fiber 480,000 8,000 134 6
1 Gbps Cable/Fiber 240,000 4,000 67 3
10 Gbps Fiber 24,000 400 7

1.02 Petabits Fiber 0.227
Figure 4 - Library of Congress Download Comparison
Fiber optic networks are essential for backhaul of all networks to connect to the internet, including cellular networks. Fiber optic cables are flexible strands of glass that trap the light inside a core only 8-10 microns wide inside of a strand that is 125 microns wide. Trapping and controlling the light allows fiber to avoid the many issues that arise from wireless and copper networks, such as obstacles in a wireless environment and the slow speeds of analogue or digital signals over copper.

Wireless technologies are advancing in ways never imagined. There are two basic trains of thought on broadband: fixed wireline and wireless. The two rarely come together, and proponents of each technology overplay their own importance, thinking that either wireless or wireline is the only way to go. In more urban areas, the reality is wireless last-mile deployment is the future.

Last mile refers to the connection from the street to the resident. This is commonly referred to as fiber-to-the-neighborhood. Fiber optics networks are essential for back-haul, connecting each neighborhood to the internet. However, the cost savings realized by a wireless last mile cannot be overlooked, especially with the current wireless technologies available. Terragraph is a wireless company that uses different technologies and deployment strategies to overcome the inherent issues with the typical wireless deployments. Tarana Wireless is one such company that is reshaping the future of wireless deployments, making it faster, easier, and more cost-effective to deploy highspeed broadband. Companies such as Mimosa, Ubiquity, and others are all creating better, stronger, more resilient equipment with higher bandwidth.

Wireless technology is a way that municipalities and private companies quickly deploy more cost-effective networks.

Satellite is another budding technology that is currently experiencing growing pains. Satellite uses light to relay information from the end user to a satellite orbiting the earth at either low level, 250-350 miles above the earth, or as far out as 26,000 miles. Although the signal is travelling at the speed of light, going that far into space, being bounced off a satellite and returning to earth creates exceedingly high latency, the time it takes for data to reach the other end.

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Satellite signals are shared, which requires a lot of satellites to be in orbit with many base stations on earth, connected to fiber optic networks providing the end users a connection to the internet.

Starlink wants approval for 30,000 low orbit satellites to be deployed for the satellite network to improve functionality. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in December 2022 granted approval for 7,500 satellites to be deployed. However, Starlink was recently denied Rural Digital Opportunity Fund (RDOF) subsidies of nearly $885 million because the satellite provider failed to provide the speeds promised at a high cost per dish required at residents’ homes. Satellite technology holds possibilities as a broadband provider to the more rural areas of the USA that have no other options. “Starlink’s technology has real promise,” Federal Communications Commission (FCC) chair Jessica Rosenworcel explains. “But the question before us was whether to publicly subsidize it’s still developing technology for consumer broadband — which requires that users purchase a $600 dish — with nearly $900 million in universal service funds until 2032.”
Artificial Intelligence is a trend that is talked about across every aspect of business and industry. However, Newark should be extremely cautious, as this is an emerging technology that has significant risk associated with putting it in practice.

Newark should consider the following cautionary points as it relates to artificial intelligence, depending on where and how it is planned to be used:
• Bias. AI systems are trained on data, and if that data is biased, the AI system will be biased as well. This can lead to discrimination against certain groups of people. Newark should take steps to ensure that the AI systems used are trained on unbiased data.
• Privacy and security. AI systems collect and store a lot of data, and this data could be misused or hacked. Newark, as well as all cities, should take steps to protect the privacy and security of the data that is collected and stored by AI systems.
• Transparency and accountability. It can be difficult to understand how AI systems make decisions. This can make it difficult to hold AI systems accountable for their decisions.

To help mitigate some of these risks Newark should consider the following:
• Develop ethics guidelines for the use of AI. These guidelines should address issues such as bias, privacy, security, transparency, and accountability.

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• Invest in AI research and development. This research should focus on using AI systems that are more fair, transparent, and accountable. • Partner with the private sector and academia to develop and implement AI solutions. This will help to ensure that Newark is able to access the latest AI technologies and best practices.

While AI could be a powerful tool, it's important to be aware of the maturity and risk associated with it.

Market Analysis
The Market Assessment section of the study serves the purpose of evaluating broadband availability to determine whether it aligns with the requirements of the local market. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the local broadband landscape in Newark, we conducted an analysis of current services and associated pricing within the city. For effective broadband planning, it is imperative to understand the offerings and costs of technology providers.

Various factors contribute to disparities in broadband access and adoption in different areas. The primary cause of such discrepancies is geographical access to broadband, where certain locations lack providers offering broadband services in proximity. Additionally, the affordability of services plays a pivotal role, as the cost may be prohibitive for some potential subscribers.

Broadband access and adoption are shaped by many factors, encompassing availability, pricing, service quality and the extent to which it caters to a community's needs. In the realm of broadband and telecommunications, service quality primarily revolves around the speed and reliability of the services provided. Broadband is increasingly viewed by many municipalities as a modern utility, given its integral role in our daily lives. Consequently, the focus is predominantly on high-speed, dependable broadband, with customer service becoming a significant consideration only in competitive market environments.

GTG focused on the following questions when conducting the market assessment:

1. What is the current coverage of the local providers?

2. What technologies are offered: fiber-to-the-home, HFC (hybrid fiber-coaxial), DSL, 5G or Satellite?
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3. What are the pricing tiers for each provider?

4. What is the competitive nature of broadband in Newark? GTG conducted a comprehensive analysis of the broadband landscape within the City of Newark, with the aim of assessing the available broadband options for residents, businesses, the city itself and other entities. This analysis delves into several key aspects, including the internet speeds offered, the associated pricing, the providers of these services, the level of competition within the local market and an evaluation of the existing and planned broadband infrastructure.

Key Findings
• The City of Newark is served by local providers. According to network maps shared by the local providers, the community has access to highspeed broadband. • The largest provider in the area is Comcast/Xfinity and is the only provider that covers around 98% of the city. Providers are outlined next in this section.
• According to the FCC Broadband map, approximately 32% of the residents have access to a FTTH provider, offering up to 1000 Mbps symmetrical download and upload speeds.

FCC Broadband Maps
The FCC Broadband Maps, officially known as the Federal Communications Commission Broadband Data Collection, are a crucial initiative in the United States, designed to improve the accuracy and transparency of broadband coverage data. These maps are instrumental in ensuring that every American has access to reliable, high-speed internet services, playing a pivotal role in shaping broadband policy, investment, and infrastructure development across the country.

Data Collection: The FCC Broadband Maps involves the collection of data from internet service providers (ISPs) to create an up-to-date and detailed representation of broadband coverage nationwide. ISPs are required to report information on the availability of their services, including maximum advertised speeds, technology used (e.g., DSL, cable, fiber) and geographic coverage.

Mapping Accuracy: One of the primary objectives of these maps is to provide an accurate depiction of where broadband services are available and where they City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 17 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
are not. This information is vital for identifying underserved and unserved areas that may lack adequate internet access.

Transparency: The FCC Broadband Maps aim to enhance transparency and accountability in the broadband industry. By making coverage data publicly available, consumers can make more informed choices about their internet service providers and advocate for better connectivity.

Policy Development: The FCC Broadband Maps play a crucial role in informing broadband policy development at federal, state, and local levels. Policymakers use this data to allocate resources, design subsidy programs and prioritize areas in need of improved broadband infrastructure.

Challenges and Controversies: The accuracy of these maps has been a subject of debate. Critics argue that they may overstate the availability of broadband in certain areas, leading to inadequate funding allocation. There are also concerns about the reliability of ISP-reported data and the need for more independent verification.

Ongoing Improvements: The FCC has been actively working to enhance the quality and reliability of its broadband maps. These improvements include better data collection techniques and increased granularity in mapping, enabling a more precise understanding of coverage in smaller geographic areas.

Impact on Rural and Underserved Communities: Accurate broadband mapping is particularly crucial for rural and underserved communities. It helps direct resources to areas that are most in need, bridging the digital divide and ensuring that all Americans have access to essential online services and opportunities.

In summary, the FCC Broadband Maps are a fundamental tool for shaping the future of internet connectivity in the United States. They enable better-informed decision-making, transparency, and the equitable distribution of broadband resources to ensure that everyone can participate in the digital age. Continued efforts to refine and enhance these maps are essential to address the evolving needs of our increasingly connected society.

FCC Maps can be found at: https://broadbandmap.fcc.gov/location-summary.

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Figure 5: FCC Broadband Maps, Newark, CA
Providers in Newark
According to the FCC broadband map5
, there are six available providers in
Newark: Comcast Corporation, AT&T, Hughes Network Systems LLC, Space Exploration Holdings LLC, T-Mobile USA Inc and ViaSat Ince.

Comcast Corporation is a global media and technology company with two primary businesses: Comcast Cable and NBCUniversal. Comcast Cable is one of the United States' largest video, high-speed Internet and phone providers to residential customers under the XFINITY brand and provides these services to businesses. Comcast is the predominant provider in Newark, serving 63.7% of the city’s residents, according to this survey. Current offerings in Newark can be found in the chart below6.

Provider Technology Speed/ Mbps $/Month Data limit
Comcast/Xfinity HFC 75 $51.00 No
Comcast/Xfinity HFC 200 $35.00 No
Comcast/Xfinity HFC 400 $50.00 No
Comcast/Xfinity HFC 800 $60.00 No
Comcast/Xfinity HFC 1000 $60.00 No
Comcast/Xfinity HFC 1200 $80.00 No

AT&T, recognized as the world's largest telecommunications company, holds the second-largest position in the mobile phone services industry. Notably, in recent years, this multinational conglomerate ventured significantly into the media and entertainment sectors, particularly through its acquisition of Warner Media in 2018. However, a shift in strategy emerged in February 2021, when AT&T announced its intention to spin off DirecTV, six years after acquiring this satellite TV business. Subsequently, in May of the same year, plans were unveiled to spin off Warner Media and merge it with Discovery. 5 https://broadbandmap.fcc.gov/location-summary/
6 https://www.xfinity.com/digital/offers/plan-builder
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Under the leadership of CEO John Stankey, AT&T seeks to refocus its efforts on expanding its 5G wireless connectivity capabilities. In pursuit of this objective, the company is currently engaged in a highly competitive, multibillion-dollar battle against rivals such as T-Mobile and Verizon. This battle revolves around achieving the fastest speeds and the most extensive 5G network coverage.

Provider Technology Speed/ Mbps $/Month Data limit
ATT Fiber 300 $55.00 No
ATT Fiber 1000 $65.00 No
ATT Fiber 1000 $80.00 No
T-Mobile offers 5G home internet for just $50 a month with AutoPay, up to 50% savings against the industry benchmark, or $30 per month for families with Magenta MAX, T-Mobile’s most popular phone plan. It’s a flat rate, with no added taxes or fees, equipment costs, annual contracts, or price hikes.

Availability for this service requires upgrading or constructing 5G antennas.

This does not happen on a city-wide basis, but rather an incremental build over time. Coverage in Newark is limited and there is minimal subscribership.

Provider Technology Speed/ Mbps $/Month Data limit
T-Mobile - Home Internet 5G max 235 $ 55.00 No
Satellite providers available in the city include ViaSat, HughesNet and Starlink.

Satellite companies utilize wireless signals transmitted from a base station/ground unit, bouncing these signals off an array of satellites orbiting the Earth at an average distance of 26,000 miles. Even at the speed of light, a 52,000-mile round trip introduces a significant amount of latency. Latency refers to the time it takes for data to travel from one point on a network to another.

Starlink has begun deploying satellites in a low earth orbit, approximately 350 miles above Earth's surface. Users of these lower orbit satellites experience significantly lower latency, better speeds and overall performance. However, Starlink's proposal to add an additional 9,000 low orbit satellites has been denied for several reasons. Foremost among these is a lack of understanding City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 21 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
about how objects in low Earth orbit behave over time and what might happen when they eventually re-enter the Earth's atmosphere.

Another reason for the denial is the concern about space pollution. Allowing too many objects into orbit could limit our ability to observe space from the Earth's surface and pose potential risks to existing satellites and space missions.

Provider Technology Speed/ Mbps $/Month Data limit
ViaSat Satellite 12 $ 69.99 40 GB
Satellite 25 $ 99.99 60 GB
Satellite 30 $ 149.99 100 GB
Satellite 30 $ 199.99 150 GB
Satellite 30 $ 299.99 300 GB
Hughes Net Satellite 25 $ 74.99 50 GB
Starlink Satellite 25 $ 110.00 1 TB
4G Coverage and 5G Coverage
According to the FCC Broadband Map7 shown below, 3G has been upgraded and is no longer being used or deployed by any courier, with 100% of Newark having access to 4G, 5G and 5G NR. Newark area providers include Verizon, T-Mobile (Metro PCS and Sprint), US Cellular and AT&T. In every city, there are small pockets that are not covered by cellular signals, which are not reported or shown on maps. It is nearly impossible to ascertain this information without metering these signals through mobile mapping efforts. Mobile mapping uses software and antennas, which test and record the signal strength throughout the city and is used to identify pockets that need to be bolstered with more cellular towers. Newark residents report suffering from many pockets of bad 7 https://broadbandmap.fcc.gov/areasummary/mobile?version=jun2023&geoid=0650916&type=place&zoom=11.95&vlon=- 122.109695&vlat=37.521020&tech=tech4g&env=0
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cellular coverage that have not been identified by mobile mapping, something that should be accomplished by the cellular providers.

Figure 5 - FCC Broadband 3G, 4G, 5G, and 5G NR (New Radio) Figure 7 – Verizon Coverage Map
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Figure 8 - Verizon coverage map showing availability of 5G Home Internet and 4G LTE
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Figure 9 - ATT Coverage Map showing availability of 5G+, 5G and 4G LTE according to AT&T’s website
Privately Owned Fiber Optic Cables
In Newark, there are several providers with both metro and long-haul fiber assets, as illustrated in the maps below. The first image (Figure 10), which displays the local metro networks, prominently features assets owned by Crown Castle and CenturyLink (formerly Level 3 fiber). These networks are instrumental in providing high-speed, reliable connectivity within the city.

The second image (Figure 11) showcases the long-haul fiber routes that traverse Newark, and it includes infrastructure owned by Level 3, CenturyLink and Electric Lightwave. These routes follow many of the city's major corridors, serving as the backbone for data transmission over longer distances.

These extensive fiber networks, both metro and long-haul, are essential for supporting the growing demand for data and communication services in Newark. They not only enable businesses, residents and other entities to access high-speed internet, but also play a pivotal role in connecting the city to the broader region and the global digital infrastructure. As Newark continues to develop and expand its technological capabilities, these fiber assets will be crucial in facilitating economic growth, innovation, and improved connectivity for all.

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Figure 10 – Assets owned by Crown Castle and CenturyLink Figure 11 - Newark long-haul fiber routes and infrastructure owned by Level 3, CenturyLink and Electric Lightwave.

Data Centers
Connectivity in any urban area, community or region is predominantly defined by its access to the internet, with the critical factors being internet speeds and available bandwidth. One often underestimated component of a fiber optic network is its links to data centers. These data centers serve as hubs where numerous internet service providers, private enterprise networks (such as Facebook and Amazon), point-to-point connections and various avenues to connect with the global network converge. In the City of Newark, there is one data center situated within its boundaries that was purchased by T5 Data Centers in October 2020:

T5 Data Centers (formerly Apple Newark Data Center)
39800 Eureka Drive
Newark, CA 94560
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Figure 12 – Data Center in Newark Map
There are 88 data centers within a 25-mile radius of Newark, with the majority in San Jose and San Francisco. With this high concentration of data centers, Newark has options when it comes to connectivity and access to the internet, anchor institutions, other municipalities.

Significant benefits of connecting to a regional hub include business continuity and disaster recovery benefits. These locations allow for offsite storage and redundancy in critical systems that the city could take advantage of.

In addition to private data centers, the California Department of Technology (CDT) is working on the California Middle-Mile project, which refers to the development and implementation of a middle-mile network in the state of California. It is part of the broader effort to expand broadband infrastructure and improve internet connectivity across the state. The project aims to establish a network of fiber optic cables that connect various communities and regions within California, providing a reliable and high-speed backbone for City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 27 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
broadband services. The middle-mile network is planned to run along 680 and I-880. The CDT will also be building Data Hubs approximately every 50 miles on the middle-mile network and splice boxes/vault every 2400 feet. GTG recommends the City coordinate with CDT to determine a location for the connection to the middle-mile network that will provide access to other local governments for sharing communications and having access to high-speed lowcost Internet services in addition to providing areas for disaster recovery equipment.

Other opportunities include working with BART or the City of Fremont to connect the City’s fiber network to the regional Oakland hub or the Hurricane hub in Fremont for access to high-speed low cost Internet services.

Conclusion
Newark is served by the local incumbent provider with sufficient broadband to handle the needs of the community in the area outside of complaints related to customer service, reliability, costs and accessibility. It would benefit the area to have a more competitive landscape, however, the area is not being neglected and the City should continue to work with and support the local providers.

Studying the 4G and 5G provider coverage maps you can see the entire area has access to 5G cellular coverage and 5G home coverage.

Although Newark is well covered by the local providers and access to broadband seems to be an option for most of the community, in addition to complaints regarding customer service, reliability, costs and accessibility, the issue of adoption comes into view. The lack of adoption can be caused by a few reasons including affordability, access to devices, and digital illiteracy, among others. Newark should become an active participant in helping alleviate the digital divide by adopting programs and raising awareness of the Affordable Connectivity Program, ACP.

Two major complaints from city departments and residents were reliability and speed of 5G coverage with areas that impact public safety, public works, and the community. The City should evaluate the need for additional towers within the city to increase speeds due to saturation and reliability for public safety purposes or determine if this is limited to pockets where buildings, trees, etc. may be causing coverage issues and an additional tower would be unnecessary.

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Service Availability
Once the providers are identified, it is important to understand the areas the providers operate within.

Address Assessment
For a better understanding of the availability of providers and the broadband options they offer to specific locations, GTG pulled 40 random addresses and researched the options available at each address. Those results can be found in the chart below. We are not including the actual address researched for privacy concerns.

Figure 13 – Address Assessment in City of Newark
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Street
Comcast
HFC
ATT
Fiber
ATT
DSL Satellite
TMobileFixed
wireless

RAMSGATE DR X X X X X

BRETON DR X X X X

REYMOUTH DR X X X X

ORLEANS DR X X X X X

CRYSTAL SPRINGS

DR X X X X X

HALEY ST X X X X X

COLBERT PL X X X X X

PAPAYA ST X X X

CHERRY ST X X X X

BIRCH ST X X X X X

BAY BREEZE ST X X X X

LUMA TER X X X X X

CHERRY ST

BLUEGRASS CT X X X X X

EBBETTS ST X X X X

CROYDON PL X X X X X

ASHBOURNE CT X X X X X

MANOR CT X X X X

CHAPMAN DR X X X X X

DICHONDRA PL X X X X X

RAVENWOOD AVE X X X X X

JARVIS AVE X X X X

BENNINGTON DR X X X X X

LIDO CT X X X X X

GEORGE AVE X X X X X

NORMANDY DR X X X X X

CEDAR BLVD X X X X X

REDEKER PL X X X

CENTRAL AVE X X
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MARTEL PL X X X X X

CARTER AVE X X X X X

MORTON AVE X X

SHADY HOLLOW

DR X X X X X

RAILROAD AVE X X X X X

MANDARIN AVE X X

PEACHTREE AVE X X X X X

SANDY COVE

WAY X X X X X

BLUE ANCHOR

WAY X X X X X

CENTRAL AVE X X X X X

ROCKVIEW WAY X X X X X
The table below shows, of the 40 total addresses researched, the providers that were available and the percentage of the coverage offered.

Comcast
HFC
ATT
Fiber
ATT
DSL Satellite
Fixed
wireless
TMobile
Total 35 11 18 35 33 34
Percentage of
Households 88% 28% 45% 88% 83% 85%
State of California Maps
The State of California maintains a broadband availability map that, like the FCC, shows addresses that are identified as in need of broadband access. These maps are crucial to understand the areas of the city that need bolstering. These maps represent information that is supplied by the internet service providers and can be used to identify the areas and neighborhoods that each provider supports with broadband service. It is worthwhile to compare the maps identifying locations where the information overlaps and greatly increases the validity of the provided information. To help see the disparities in broadband City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 31 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
speed, the State has the below online “Broadband Interactive Map”8 that shows, according to state complied and federal data, addresses that have a need for better broadband.

Figure 14 - California Interactive Broadband Map
FCC Broadband Maps
The FCC has a substantial amount of information that is collected through FCC Form 477, a report that providers fill out and self-report the technology they offer and where they offer it. The form has received criticism, claiming that the information is not accurate due to providers wanting to show they offer better services in a wider area than they actually do.

The self-reporting portal, according to the Institute for Local Self-reliance, has inherent flaws such as:
9 1. ISPs may fill out forms improperly.
8 https://www.broadbandmap.ca.gov/
9 https://ilsr.org/when-you-cant-trust-the-data-flaws-in-the-federal-communicationscommissions-broadband-forms/ City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 32 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024

2. The data is out of date.

3. The data only includes maximum advertised download and upload speeds.

4. The submitted data itself overstates availability.

Understanding the results could be flawed, information given by providers clearly shows that Newark is well-served by the local incumbents, stating 100% coverage with 250 Mbps download and 25 Mbps upload. One positive change in the Broadband Data Collection (BDC) is the establishment of mechanisms to dispute the claims of providers, hopefully to further refine the data and provide a realistically accurate portrayal of the current state of broadband.

Figure 15 – FCC Form 477 for City of Newark
City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 33 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Goals and Needs
Broadband Survey
To gain insight into the needs of the community, it is important to initiate community engagement to gather input from as many community members as possible. One step that GTG takes to gain as much insight as possible is to conduct an online broadband survey where the respondents can answer questions and provide information from their point of view. The survey was linked from the city’s website, and the city promoted it to the public through many different communication channels including social media, mass email marketing, print and digital marketing, word of mouth and in community outreach meetings. At the end of the survey, GTG collected 276 responses.

Survey responses
The completion rate of the survey was 81.5%, with a total of 276 responses.

Most respondents, 81%, identified themselves as residents, while 19% identified themselves as local businesses. Although not all responses were complete, the partial surveys include all surveys with at least 75% of the questions filled out.

Partial surveys provide valuable information, which is why some of the numbers in the graphs do not always equal 276.

Figure 16 - Response count
The current broadband standard set by the FCC for download speed is 25 Mbps (megabits per second) and 3 Mbps for upload speed. However, it was proposed in July of 2022 to increase the broadband standard to 100 Mbps download and 20 Mbps upload. It has not been adopted on the federal level; however, City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 34 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
California and many other states have set 100 Mbps as the minimum download speed for broadband.

It's important to note the asymmetrical nature of HFC broadband speeds, where the need for downloading data is greater than the need for uploading. This results in standards that are not symmetrical, meaning the download and upload speeds are not the same. All fiber networks can have symmetrical services, and much faster than those of hybrid networks. This survey shows comparison values of both networks.

The data on the adequacy of the internet connection at respondents' locations presents a significant insight into the overall satisfaction with internet services.

Despite 55% of respondents affirming the adequacy of their internet connection, the fact that 45% expressed dissatisfaction suggests that there might be underlying issues affecting user experience and expectations.

This discrepancy highlights the importance of not only delivering high-speed broadband, but also ensuring consistent reliability and performance. It indicates that factors such as intermittent service disruptions, latency issues or insufficient customer support might be contributing to the dissatisfaction among a considerable portion of users.

To improve overall satisfaction, it would be beneficial for internet service providers to focus not only on delivering high-speed connections, but also on addressing issues related to service reliability, consistency, and customer support. By paying attention to these factors, providers can ensure that users not only have access to high-speed internet but also enjoy a seamless and reliable online experience, ultimately leading to higher customer satisfaction and loyalty.

City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 35 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Figure 17 - Internet adequacy survey in City of Newark
The data for internet satisfaction highlights a significant divide in customer sentiment. With 47.3% expressing satisfaction and 52.7% reporting dissatisfaction with their current internet provider, it's evident that there is room for improvement in the service quality and customer experience provided by these companies.

Furthermore, the presence of healthy competition within the market can be advantageous for consumers. When multiple internet providers operate in the same area, it fosters an environment where each company is compelled to enhance its services to attract and retain customers. This competitive pressure often leads to improved offerings, better pricing, and a focus on customer satisfaction.

However, despite the positive influence of competition, it's crucial for providers to address the underlying issues contributing to customer dissatisfaction, such as service reliability and customer support. By prioritizing these aspects, internet providers can work towards enhancing the overall customer experience and fostering greater satisfaction among their customer base.

City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 36 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Reliability in broadband refers to the consistent and uninterrupted availability of internet connectivity. It encompasses factors such as network stability, minimal downtime, and consistent speeds. Reliable broadband is crucial for various activities, including remote work, online education, telemedicine, and general internet usage.

To ensure reliable broadband, it is essential for service providers to invest in robust infrastructure, regular maintenance, and efficient customer support.

Additionally, the document emphasizes the need for redundancy and backup systems to minimize service disruptions.

While the survey analysis document may not provide specific reliability data for Newark, such as actual down time and outages, it does acknowledge the significance of reliable broadband service for the community. 71% of respondents share that they feel their internet is reliable enough or very reliable. This is positive news for the community, showing that the ISPs are providing good broadband on reliable networks.

Value Percent
Yes 47.3%
No 52.7%
City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 37 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Figure 18 – Reliability survey in City of Newark
Based on the data, the breakdown of internet service providers among the respondents is as follows:

Value Percent
AT&T 32.4%
Comcast/Xfinity 60.5%
T-Mobile 3.8%
Verizon 0.5%
Other - Write In 2.7%
These percentages represent the distribution of the different internet service providers among the responses. Comcast/Xfinity appears to have the largest share, followed by AT&T, T-Mobile, and Verizon, while a small percentage of respondents are using smaller ISPs.

City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 38 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Speed Test Results
The map depicted in Figure 19 illustrates the respondent locations, categorized by speed test results, ranging from up to 25 Mbps (Federal Minimum), up to 100 Mbps (California minimum), up to 500 Mbps and up to 1000 Mbps (1 Gigabit). The data reveals that areas with high-speed connectivity are spread across the city, whereas locations with slower connections are concentrated primarily in the region south of 880, positioned between Central Blvd and Mowery Ave. The underlying reasons for this area's notably high concentration of DSL subscribers remain ambiguous.

Upon examining why respondents chose their respective service providers, it was commonly reported that these providers were either the sole option available or were perceived as the best available choice. This implies the possibility that some users might be paying for high-speed services that aren't being fully delivered. In the case of respondents utilizing Comcast/Xfinity's HFC network, it may be necessary to consider network upgrades. Meanwhile, for those relying on AT&T's DSL services, the expectation of higher speeds is unrealistic, as DSL is an outdated technology with very limited speeds, commonly meeting the Federal standards but fail to meet the broadband standards set by the State of California.

City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 39 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Figure 19 – Respondent locations with corresponding speed test results Comments from Business Respondents
In the survey conducted by GTG, respondents were invited to share their comments regarding their Internet service. Specifically, businesses were asked "Please explain how better Internet access would impact your organization. Will it help with economic development, services, or sales? Do you have other thoughts on the impact of better Internet access?” It is essential to clarify that GTG did not alter the wording or grammar of any comment, whether they were from businesses, residents or other key stakeholders. The only adjustments made were for the sake of brevity.

City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 40 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Response
ID Comments
262
At this time we are told we can not improve our service because the area is not wired to accommodate high speed (even though we are paying for it) the service we have now goes out frequently in the early evenings and weekends for minutes at a time. If one or more companies would rewire our area of Newark, we can have choices of carriers, and choose a internet package that would suit our needs 236
Better Internet access would significantly enhance the operations and reach of our company. Here's how: Economic Development: A faster and more reliable Internet connection would enable us to tap into global markets, collaborate in real-time with partners and stakeholders regardless of their geographical location, and efficiently utilize cloud-based resources. This would drive productivity and foster innovation, placing us in a competitive position in the marketplace...
256
it would help with downloading large format files to create the decal panels for application to our customers vehicles. it would help with downloading parts information and manuals and diagrams along with the need to open files received from customers with their art work and or their damaged units. So yes, it would help with services, sales and the development of our business, to make it better. 235
Our building only offers access to T1 lines or higher, which we cannot afford (and maybe now fiber optics) or microwave access using a dish on the roof of the building. There is no other access option. It is very limiting for a small business like ours. There's no cable access or other ways to reasonably purchase internet access.

I'm hoping this survey results in better options for the business community.
223 We notice frequent glitches and unscheduled outages with Comcast.

And, it's very expensive!
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240
We relied extensively on Zoom sessions, especially during the pandemic. The upload speed available to us was terrible, and the download speed was frequently inadequate. Churches are
increasingly reaching out to members at a distance. The available DSL services were inadequate for live streaming -- which is what most churches use now. The limitations have contributed to the ending of our services. Infrastructure along Cedar Blvd is inadequate for ALL utilities.

Comments from Residents
In the survey conducted by GTG, respondents were invited to share their comments regarding their Internet service. Specifically, residents were asked “What would better broadband mean to you and your family or the area?”.

Response
ID Comments
189

1. I'd love to have 500mbps / 1gbps broadband access for less than $50 per month and not have to haggle with AT&T at the end of every annual contract that I will be switching to Comcast and then they magically bring the price down for another 12 months. 2.

There seems to be a relatively local player, SAIL internet which uses AT&T backbone, is there a chance to get them to become a approved provider by the city?
238
ATT said for years that fiber options were coming, but after 10 years of waiting, nada. So cable was the best option. Connectivity means everything to compete in the world today and stay informed.

The speed of that connection will determine the rate of information and response in certain situations. Extremely important to stay relevant.
187
Better choice of providers who all provide the same level of service and speed. Right now, comcast/xfinity are the only ones who provide a decent service with speed needed.

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181 Better upload speed and removal a caps would allow me to work from home
25 Better work and education experience. I am full time remote worker.
195
Broadband access is becoming as necessary as water. electricity, etc.

It is important for business as many times the decision to locate at a specific city is based on availability of broadband access. 173 Broadband should be free
102
Cell service is really bad on my cell phone-get a lot of dropped calls (phone uses my Wi-Fi) Internet disconnects fairly often. I need a stable one because I work from home
48 Cheaper, more competition.
65 Comcast is very expensive & constantly raising its rates. I am a retired senior, but I haven't qualified for ACP for some reason. 213
Comment: When we move to the Birch Grove neighborhood in 2020 we were originally with AT&T, we switch ISPs because the DSL in the neighborhood were so bad that cause one of our DSL lines to go offline repeatedly. My hope is with this broadband masterplan it will prioritize the Birch Grove neighborhood to get fiber optic. 141 connectivity speeds of 1gbps which power all the connected devices for todays needs and future needs at an affordable cost. 119 Consistent download speeds. Even though we have high speed internet, sometimes the response is slow.
174 Consistent speed, no drop services and affordable . 148 Cost. Broadband is not available at my address.
50 Download speed ã€‹ 500 mbps , upload ã€‹200 mbps . No sudden drops
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129 Easier to stay connected throughout the city especially in newer housing developments where service can be minimal.
175
Everyone having Internet accessibility is very important to our family. I think it's important for everybody to have equity and opportunity in resources.
36 We have service through AT&T and Xfinity. This is in case one goes down, as I work from home. It would be nice if the services didn't 'hiccup' as much as they do.
205 We need choices with our broadband provider and better cellular service,
108
We take meetings from home. Our children like the stream shows.

The internet has always been horrible in this area. They told us that the wires run underground are disconnected (per ATT) we would love to be able to do the things we need to do without such slow speeds and the constant loss of connection.
44 We use Comcast Business to get better broadband than residential already, so we are satisfied, except it is expensive.
155 We would fiber optic internet
92 We would prefer to have fiber internet over cable.
117
When we moved here in 2020, we had AT&T as our ISP but we ran into problems by the fact of the lines kept on going down and slowing down our speed after a year of working with AT&T it was determined that the lines in the house was fine but the outside line were the issue. My comment is that I am sure that I am not the only person in the birch grove area that is having this issue. Since we are on T-mobile home internet we have zero issues with our interent. 176 Would like to automate as much of the home as possible City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 44 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP)
The FCC introduced the Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP) to improve broadband accessibility and affordability for low-income households. Qualified households can receive a $30 monthly subsidy from participating broadband providers, lowering the cost of securing a 100 Mbps download speed broadband connection. By making internet access more affordable, the ACP aims to reduce the digital divide. Cities can effectively promote the advantages of the ACP to residents and program managers serving disadvantaged communities.

According to data from educationsuperhighway.com, a key ACP adoption tracker and information provider, the table below displays a 26% adoption rate among eligible families within city limits. The data also highlights that 738 eligible households currently lack regular internet access and often rely on cellular hotspots for connectivity. Notably, cellular providers, being private entities, operate on profit-oriented business models, limiting the public sector's control and influence over the coverage they provide.

Among the survey respondents, the table below indicates the levels of awareness and adoption. It is concerning that only 26% of the eligible households in Newark are utilizing the program, especially considering the national average adoption rate of 80%. Given this significant gap, the City of Newark should prioritize promoting and increasing awareness of the program in underserved areas, aiming to bridge the digital divide.

KNOW ABOUT THE ACP
Yes 39.9% 67
No 60.1% 101
City
Adoption
Rate
Eligible
Households
Enrolled
Households
Eligible
Unconnected
Households
Newark 26% 4488 1146 738
City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 45 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024

TAKING ADVANTAGE OF ACP
Yes 1.2% 2
No 98.8% 166
It should be noted that 34 respondents would like to receive additional information regarding the ACP.

Community Outreach Meetings
To gather information regarding the needs of the community in Newark, GTG, working with City staff, held a stakeholder outreach/listening session allowing the public to voice their opinions in a structured manner. Although the meeting had relatively low attendance, the participants provided some quality information. The low attendance was more than likely due to the broadband availability in Newark. The meetings were publicized by City staff with emails, publications and signs being used to inform the public of the meetings. The public tends to only attend these types of meetings if there is a serious problem they are experiencing, or the state of broadband is overall unsatisfactory. Newark is well served by the local incumbents presumably leading to the low meeting attendance.

Policies
The City of Newark does not have policies in place regarding broadband and related assets. Basic broadband policies include a Dig Once policy or joint build, master license agreement, construction standards, developer agreements or similar mechanisms.

A Dig Once policy would include procedures to facilitate broadband development and minimize restoration issues. Developer agreements are another way to have developers of larger parcels or land development provide broadband infrastructure. These could be put in place to reduce costs for expanding broadband in Newark and to support City services.

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Permitting and restoration requirements follow city standard processes and timelines. The city should evaluate an expedited process to support broadband expansion.

On a positive note, the city’s general plan does reference technology in multiple areas. This is a best practice that Newark has in place including:

1. LU-1.5 Technology Focus. Promote the city as a good location for technology businesses and clean industry, capitalizing on Newark’s location within Silicon Valley.

2. Action T-2.D. Utilize Technology to Improve Safety. Evaluate and implement alternative safety measures for bicyclists and pedestrians using the latest technologies available.

3. Policy E D-1.2 Newark’s Competitive Edge. Maintain and enhance Newark’s competitive edge relative to other cities in the East Bay, Silicon Valley, and Peninsula Areas, particularly in the technology sector. This will require competitive fees and fast processing times.

4. Policy E D-1.7 Flexibility. Ensure that city policies, zoning, and economic development programs are flexible enough to respond to rapid changes in technology, real estate market dynamics, and the workplace. Economic development efforts should be modified and adapted as necessary as local, regional, national, and global economic conditions evolve.

5. Emergency Preparedness references to updating response to new requirements, technology, and communication protocol.

6. Action EH-1.B Code Updates. Periodically revise construction codes and regulations to incorporate the latest information and technology related to natural hazards such as earthquakes and flooding.

This plan supports expanding broadband and Smart City initiatives to enhance public safety, economic development, transportation, and mobility, as well as other improvements that increase efficiency and expand services to Newark’s community.

Gaps
The gaps in fiber optic infrastructure appear to be in a lack of consistent coverage by the incumbents. Deciding where and how to build in any city or urban area is a highly secretive process and usually does not make clear sense to anyone reviewing coverage maps. Newark is not different, as shown in the City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 47 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
map below, with select neighborhoods built with FTTP (fiber-to-the-premise) as reported by a national incumbent, while the neighboring areas are not built.

This creates gaps for the City of Newark to try to solve and encourage providers to build satisfactory networks.

As you can also see in Figure 20 below, there is virtually no fiber network or access in the business areas around the city, with the incumbent providers not offering fiber services to commercial market. The incumbent providers will on occasion support businesses with fiber connectivity, however at very high upfront construction costs. Consequently, reliability and speed seem to be major issues for businesses. It is important that the city supports economic development, especially in the retail sector, as the city relies on sales tax as a major revenue source.

Figure 20 – Fiber service availability
Newark has major gaps in its policies related to fiber and other network infrastructure. These gaps include:
• Dig Once policies and joint-build policies and programs. • Developer Agreements that include fiber and conduit expansion.

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• Siting cell sites and antennas on public assets/property, including a master license agreement
• Assets to leverage an expansion of the fiber network
• Fiber services to a significant portion of the commercial and industrial sectors of the city, as outlined in phase areas 1 – 3, which is detailed further in the report.

Conceptual Design
High-Level Designs (HLDs) represent a conceptual framework featuring routes, potential construction methods and overall project estimated footage, offering a budgetary overview and potential timeframes for project completion.

The City of Newark presents a distinctive scenario, necessitating a tailored approach to HLD development that caters to the diverse needs of its community. With varying levels of internet accessibility among residents, ranging from robust connectivity to the absence of broadband, the HLD must address the connectivity of city facilities, support residents lacking broadband access and contribute to the economic development of Newark.

The HLD is strategically put together, prioritizing the use of the most costeffective construction methods. Initial considerations involve leveraging existing infrastructure, such as fiber optic cables, conduits, and other preexisting assets, before implementing new construction. Underground construction, such as boring and plowing, are generally recognized as the most expensive and time-consuming approaches to network development. While the expenses associated with new construction methods can vary significantly, they generally surpass the costs of utilizing existing infrastructure. The chart below illustrates the available construction methods along with estimated costs for each.

Construction Methods Estimated
Cost/Foot Brief Description
Existing Infrastructure
Existing city owned fiber optic
cable $4 – $10
Re-splicing, adding splice cases,
testing, and documenting existing
fiber
Existing city owned empty
conduit $10 – $15
Placing new cable in existing
conduit, splicing, splice cases,
testing and documenting fiber
City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 49 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Remove and replace city owned
Fiber $25 – $35
Removing working circuits,
splicing, adding splice cases,
testing, and documenting existing
fiber
Upgrade traffic interconnect
conduit $30 – $40
Removing interconnect cables,
upgrade handholes and sweeps,
pull new cable, splice, test, and
document
Aerial Construction
Over lash aerial cable $7 – $15
Pole Loading, place new cable on
existing strand (over lash), splice,
test, and document
New attachment aerial cable $15 – $25
Pole load, build new attachments,
place strand, lash cable, splice,
test, and document
New aerial with new poles $90 – $120
Same as above but must permit
and place new telephone poles
first.

Underground Construction
Plowing $30 – $40
Using a vibratory plow with 4'
stinger to place conduit prior to
new cable placement
Micro trenching $20 – $30
Micro trenching uses a thin 1" – 2"
by 12" deep to cut a trench into
the ground, pavement, or other
and place conduit in the trench
and seal it with special material to
prevent cable from coming out of
the trench.

Rock Wheel $110 – $125
Uses a 6" – 8" blade to cut a trench
up to 36" deep through any
material including rock, gravel,
asphalt, dirt etc.

Boring/Directional Drilling $95 – $120
Uses rods and a machine to drill a
hole under the surface of the earth
at any depth needed with minimal
disturbance
Open trench $80 - $100
Using machines like mini
excavators, backhoes, shovels to
open a trench to place conduit and
back fill over conduit
Assumptions used for the City of Newark HLD include:
• The HLD consists of connecting city facilities. By prioritizing the facilities according to usage and cost to construct, the HLD is broken into 3 phases.

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• The HLD was updated per Council feedback to add fiber and WiFi connections to four City Parks, improving access to underserved areas within the City.
• All new underground construction will be directional drilling/boring. • Construction costs are for infrastructure, including cable, splicing, and prevailing wage.
• Construction methods are chosen in order of cost effectiveness, providing a fiscally responsible build.
• Due to all construction and engineering costs increasing by over 30% after COVID-19, the HLD cost assumptions include a 20% contingency. • City assets will be used to house all major equipment and power needed to build, run, and maintain the network.
• All cabinets, hubs, distribution multiport service terminals (MSTs) and other assets built must be placed in the public right-of-way. • Routes are based on road access. There may be easements to lessen the footage and will be discovered during the low-level engineering.

Tradeoffs
Construction methods cost very differently, and the inclination would be to use the least expensive methods to save on the up-front capital investment needed.

However, all construction methods have positive and negative elements, and the tradeoffs are something that needs to be considered in advance of construction of a network. Below are some examples of tradeoffs when considering different construction methods.

Example 1: New underground construction can be done in a variety of ways, with boring being one of the most expensive. Microtrenching is one of the least expensive methods but has drawbacks that need to be evaluated and mitigated prior to use. Microtrenching is a shallow underground technique that is a viable in neighborhoods where there is little traffic and little exposure to major emergencies, such as water main breaks, that require major excavation in a hurried manner, possibly exposing the shallower fiber to damage and outages.

However, in major intersections, heavily travelled roads, water mains, storm drains, side sidewalks and gutters microtrenching present a much higher risk to damage than using directional drilling/boring, which is much deeper at 36” - 48” deep on average.

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Example 2: Aerial construction is one of the fastest construction methods to deploy. The positive reasons for building aerial infrastructure include speed to deploy, relatively inexpensive labor costs versus other methods and easily inspectable infrastructure. With the cost of aerial about 1/5th to 1/4th that of new underground (boring), it makes aerial the obvious choice. However, there are negatives involved with aerial construction that must be understood and accepted prior to being used. This includes a vulnerable infrastructure more easily damaged and susceptible to vandalism, as well as yearly pole lease fees, making aerial not as attractive over time. The yearly pole leasing fees add up and can negate any cost savings over a matter of 20 years. It is important to understand the tradeoffs when it comes to construction methods and how those factors can affect the network overtime. Especially the upfront capex costs versus the operational costs.

Example 3: Underground construction has very high initial costs and a myriad of additional operational costs. Anyone doing underground digging must call 811 to avoid hitting utilities that have been buried. All owners of underground infrastructure must respond to these calls and mark where the underground infrastructure is located. These services have costs associated with them, which are usually outsourced to companies specializing in locating underground utilities. In the event of damage to underground infrastructure, this maintenance can be very expensive, with costs estimated to be 5% - 10% of the total network cost annually.

One can see that when viewed as a process and not simply a construction method, but rather using operating costs, vulnerabilities and other concerns, choosing a infrastructure can be a far more complicated process than initial cost alone.

Phasing
Most city-wide networks are broken into smaller phased areas that are meant to speed up deployment, bring in revenue prior to the entire network being built and to provide milestones to gauge budget, timing, and overall success of the project.

An additional benefit to the city in replacing current broadband services is reducing the reliance on very high-cost internet services and connections.

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Phase
Construction
Type Est Footage Miles Percentage
Phase 1 Aerial 8,239 1.56 46%
New
Underground 9,599 1.82 54%
Phase 1 Total 17,839 3.38
Phase 2 Aerial 3,203 0.61 64%
New
Underground 1,788 0..34 36%
Phase 2 Total 4,991 0.95
Phase 3 Aerial 4,986 0.94 74%
New
Underground 1,717 0.33 26%
Phase 3 Total 6,703 1.270
Grand Total 29,532 5.59
20%
Contingency 35,438 6.71
Figure 21 – HLD by Construction Type
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Phase 1
During the needs assessment, it was made clear that the Sillman Center is a major recreational hub for the residents, students and visitors and the facility offers many amenities that benefit those in the area. This phase contains much of the new underground construction, due to the lack of poles and other aerial infrastructure along Cherry Street. This phase connects the Silliman Center and Fire Station 27. As shown in the table below, the construction cost for phase 1 is estimated at $1.406 million, making it the most expensive phase. It is the recommendation to connect Mel Nunes Sportsfield and Birch Grove parks during this phase.

Phase 2
Phase 2 builds off phase 1, requiring at least some of that phase to be complete before it can be initiated. The footage in this phase is far less, but is just as important, as it connects areas of great importance for the City of Newark. In this phase, the following will be connected: Fire Station 28, Center for the Elderly and Public Works Corps Yard. This phase has an approximate value of $303,545 according to the sample table below. It is recommended to connect Jerry Raber Ash Street Park during this phase.

Phase 3
Phase 3 connects the remaining two city facilities, Fire Station 29 and Community/Childcare Center by adding infrastructure to phases 1 and 2. The cost of this phase is estimated at $339,233. It is recommended to connect Newark Community Center Park during this phase.

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Figure 22: HLD Map by Phase
HLD Footages, WiFi and Budget
During the April 25th 2024 council meeting, where the Broadband/Smart City draft was presented, Council expressed a desire to provide wireless connectivity for its community. Based on analysis of surveys including identifying areas that are highly populated community gathering areas, this report was updated to include fiber and WiFi to Mel Nunes, Birch Grove, Jerry Raber and Newark Community parks.

The following table outlines the projected construction types, along with their estimated footage and costs. The cost per foot includes prevailing wage, engineering, cable, and splicing. It does not include any new equipment. As previously noted in the report, the costs significantly surged in the last year, attributed to post-COVID inflationary trends. These pricing figures were gathered through discussions with utility contractors in the local area, who acknowledge the ongoing upward trajectory of construction-related inflation.

However, they anticipate this phenomenon to stabilize soon. It is crucial to City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 55 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
emphasize that given the volatile nature of construction costs, the estimates provided below will remain valid for a limited duration.

Phase Construction Type Est $/FT Segment Total
Phase 1 Aerial $25.00 $205,977.50
New Underground $125.00 $1,199,925.00
WiFi $57,929.38
Phase 1 Total $1,463,831.88
Phase 2 Aerial $25.00 $80,070.00
New Underground $125.00 $223,475.00
WiFi $36,558.53
Phase 2 Total $340,103.53
Phase 3 Aerial $25.00 $124,657.50
New Underground $125.00 $214,575.00
WiFi $36,558.53
Phase 3 Total $375,791.03
Grand Total $2,179,726.44

13.6% Contigency $2,476,169.24
Cost of Services by Phase
The table above shows the cost of construction for the 3 phases, while the table below shows the current cost of service the city pays for, listed by location. As the phases are built the operational cost for each location that will be served by the new network should be noted as savings and treated as a return on investment of the new construction and overtime, will further justify completing the network.

Build
Phase Facility Service Address
Monthly
Totals
Grand
Total with
Taxes and
Surcharges Annual
Phase 1 SILLIMAN CENTER 6800 MOWRY AVE $1,102.66 $1,364.46 $16,373.52 Phase 1 FIRE STATION #27 39039 CHERRY $494.39 $623.46 $7,481.52 Phase 1 LIBRARY
37055 NEWARK
BLVD $114.12 $142.01 $1,704.12
Phase 1 POLICE GROUND FLOOR
37077 NEWARK
BLVD $2,341.00 $2,926.00 $35,112.00
Phase 1 COUNCIL CHAM
37101 NEWARK
BLVD $59.52 $74.40 $892.80
Total Cost $5,130.33 $61,563.96
Phase 2 SENIOR CENTER
7401 ENTERPRISE
DR $171.79 $217.50 $2,610.00
Phase 2

SERVICE CENTER/CORP
YARD 37440 FILBERT $752.24 $923.11 $11,077.32
Phase 2 ALT EOCFIRE STATION 28
7550 THORNTON
AV $853.24 $1,025.07 $12,300.84
City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 56 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
Phase 2 OLD FIRE STATION 1
7700 THORNTON
AVE $38.04 $45.90 $550.80
Phase 2 WATKINS HALL 37103 ASH $38.04 $45.90 $550.80
Total Cost $2,257.48 $27,089.76
Phase 3

COMMUNITY CTR/CHILD
CARE 35501 CEDAR BL $769.03 $1,003.03 $12,036.36
Phase 3 FIRE STATION 29
35775 RUSCHIN
DR $624.32 $744.39 $8,932.68
Phase 3 37365 ASH 37365 ASH $38.04 $45.90 $550.80
Total Cost $1,793.32 $21,519.84
Business Model and Funding
There are a range of business models for local governments to impact broadband development, from passive, policy-only models to fully active, fullservice models. To follow best practices, it makes sense to develop policies to encourage local, non-profit broadband service providers. This would involve establishing expedited, non-discriminatory access to local Public Right of Way (PROW) and standards for constructing and developing network assets that use the PROW. Beyond that, the city could establish procurement preferences for services from such providers and a special class for them within a wireless facilities master license agreement.

To determine the proper business model for a municipal network, local governments need to understand the various factors and how they interplay with each other.

The different business models shown in the table below compare the various levels of investment and amount of municipal control. The City of Newark has different options from doing nothing, letting the incumbent providers handle broadband all the way to becoming a municipal ISP and provide services to the community. Rarely is extremely a viable option with the key factors leading to a business model somewhere in the middle.

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Business Models
Internal expansion
Any business model beyond leasing a limited amount of dark fiber will require dedicated staff. Dark Fiber is unused fiber that can be leased and is maintained by the lessee, reducing impact to staff and city resources. The program or division would need a broadband manager with a strong understanding of facilities leasing and maintenance. The broadband manager would be responsible for the overall organizational performance, focused on finances and governance.

If the city is actively promoting use of the network, it will also need a sales and marketing specialist to identify and manage leases. The sales and marketing manager may also work with wholesale customers to promote internet services to the community. An infrastructure specialist will also be needed to follow through with the policies put in place, dig once, also to track placement, ownership, and maintenance of the infrastructure. Finally, the program or division will need a fiber management system (FMS) and should have a maintenance fund to cover repair costs. Major maintenance or repair tasks— anything requiring excavation—would need to be contracted out. Additional positions may also be needed, depending on the scope and scale of the project.

If the city were to move forward with any of the above, it would require substantial overhead and operating costs, as well as a much larger capital investment in infrastructure and equipment. Payroll can account for 90% or more of ongoing costs. Equipment licenses, maintenance, refresh, and upgrades create high periodic costs and ongoing reoccurring costs. Limiting operations to a backbone network will greatly reduce both up-front and on-going costs and set the stage for private investment.

Public Private Partnership (P3)
P3 agreements are a common business model in the modern municipal network for the construction, operation, and maintenance of city-owned infrastructure.

These agreements are so popular because they can entail any of the following business models by working with private ISPs and creating an agreement that the city can support. All cities have varying amounts of assets, capital, and staff to support municipal networks. Some cities have a sufficient staff to run and monitor a network, some cities contract the majority of the operations to private companies or individuals and have little staff that can help with the City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 58 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
running of a network, while other cities have substantial infrastructure that can be leveraged in a P3 to ultimately generate revenue through these agreements.

It is important to understand the level of commitment from both parties when considering the following:
• Who will pay for the network construction?
• What funds will both parties be required to put into the agreement? • What are the roles and responsibilities of either party? • Who will determine the ownership and control of any future network expansion?
• What is the revenue model that will allow both parties to benefit from an agreement?
Public policy only
Public policies are a vital part of the modern city broadband network, whether it be city or privately owned. Policies that may have a substantial impact on the broadband networks include Dig Once policies and developer agreements. Dig once policies put in place a mechanism for the city to add infrastructure while other companies and agencies are doing work in the right-of-way allowing the city to add infrastructure as part of these other projects. Developer agreements are important because they allow the city to require infrastructure to be added to the development of large plots. Other policies that should be created and implemented are those streamlining the permitting process to encourage local ISP investment in broadband throughout the city. A major deterrent for private company broadband construction in municipalities is if the permitting process and restoration requirements impact the return on investment (ROI) that drives all private company investments. This is not a real “business” model but does have an impact on the local broadband market and regardless of the business model used, policies must be evaluated and updated or implemented.

Infrastructure provider
In this business model, the municipality builds infrastructure and leases that infrastructure out to other agencies with the goal of generating enough revenue to, at a minimum, pay for the cost and maintenance of the infrastructure.

Private companies work off profits and ROI models that require lower cost construction and enough subscribers to offset these costs. There are areas in every city that have a low ROI and private companies simply will not build in these areas and skip to higher profit areas. Cities can build infrastructure that the private sector can use, lowering the costs of construction and increasing the ROI. The infrastructure can be conduit only, fiber or wireless towers.

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Public services provider
Cities connecting publicly owned assets, public organizations, county, nonprofit organizations, schools, libraries and/or other non-private locations are considered public services providers. These organizations are usually limited to anchor institutions, critical organizations, public safety organizations, utilities, and healthcare. A government owned network can provide a better quality of service at lower costs.

Open access provider
Open access networks are those networks that do not offer exclusive access to any one entity. This philosophy is geared towards increasing competition and potentially increasing revenue by not limiting access to only one lessee.

Lit services are when the provider supplies the equipment, fiber and anything needed to support a certain level of service. Simply put, if the customer wants 100 Mbps service, that is what the city would need to provide. The customer pays for the level of service they want and the cost increases with the increase in speed.

Conversely, if the customer wants to provide their own equipment, the city will only provide the fiber from end to end and the customer is responsible for the equipment and speeds they are wanting. The city only maintains the fiber and does not have any involvement with the equipment. These circuits are known as “dark” circuits and the bandwidth used is not controlled by the city. Although the equipment is not provided by the city, the circuits are remarkably close in cost.

Municipal services provider (ISP)
Municipalities that provide end user services to residential and business customers are considered retail service providers. Most commonly, local governments offer triple-play services consisting of phone, television, and Internet services, essentially becoming an equal competitor to incumbent cable and broadband providers. As a retail provider, the organization is responsible for a significant number of operational functions, including management of retail services, network operations, billing, provisioning, network construction, and general management.

For a municipal services approach, the following would need to be taken into consideration:

Capital Expenses
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• Develop the cost model for the network, including one-time and ongoing capital expenditures to build the network. This will include an assessment of current facility locations, city-owned land and the city right-of-way for construction and the need to purchase any land or equipment.
• Provide a phased deployment approach, including prioritization and costs for each phase.

Operating Expenses
• Develop the cost model for operations, including operations and maintenance, network operations, field services, staffing, billing, and customer service.

Revenue Potential
• From the market analysis and outreach, determine the customer segmentation and growth on the network, across each type of customer (business, school, hospital, etc.).
• Determine customer growth rates for the network, based on benchmarking analysis from other utility and municipal providers. • Determine a proposed competitive rate schedule for potential services, using pricing information from the market analysis and benchmarking information.

Financial Viability
• Develop financial statements including:
o Operating income and cash flow
o Net present value analysis
o Projected revenues and benefits
o Uses and sources of funds
o Operational expenses
o Depreciation schedule
o Debt service analysis
o Key assumptions
• Conduct comprehensive financial analysis on the project to determine overall financial sustainability using key metrics such as free cash flow, debt service coverage, operating margin, and net income.

Grants and Other Funding Sources
The City of Newark is an affluent community and therefore is not competitive for most federal and state grants that support expanding broadband to unserved and underserved communities. The city should monitor and apply for City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 61 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
transportation and Smart City related grants which can be coupled with expanding fiber optic installation to expand broadband in the community.

The city has been prudent in the development of a CIP for conduit infrastructure tied to street projects. This supports expansion of broadband in the community and supports regional efforts related to broadband. In addition to the CIP, the city should evaluate the addition of technology fees, which can facilitate building out broadband quicker, supporting the community and economic development.

The City has existing American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) and Public, Education and Government (PEG) funds that can be used to begin the installation of broadband infrastructure within the constraints of the funding sources and if not already allocated to other city projects. Due to the city’s lack of competitiveness for current broadband grants, the city is left with limited options outside the above sources. Other options include bonds, debt, or direct revenue (fees & taxes).

Recommendations
The city needs to create a platform to attract investment and innovation. The following recommendations support the city in this effort.

Form or designate a broadband advisory committee.

Without accountability and designated resources, master plans can fall by the wayside. It is important that there is a level of accountability. The city should evaluate a committee of city staff that have the level of authority and interest to ensure broadband progresses in the community. A point person with interest in the project should be appointed as the lead to this team.

Investigate a Public Private Partnership (P3).

Private companies have the experience and expertise to engineer, build out and maintain a city network. Through partnerships, allowing the partner to use the infrastructure constructed for the city network, costs can be greatly reduced and help alleviate the operational expenses of owning a network. The city staff should maintain the equipment, routers and services, and the partner should maintain the physical layer of cables and splicing. A partnership should be leveraged to add competition and reduce the need for the city to build a fiberto-the-premises, FTTP, network. A P3 partnership would meet one of the city’s goals to offer internet to the public at reduced costs with improved reliability.

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Create policies and workflows.

Create workflows and city policies that aid in the further development of broadband infrastructure through Dig Once policies, updated construction standards, developer agreements and requirements, including infrastructure with capital improvement projects and other policies. These policies should be applied to both the public and private sectors doing work in the public right-ofway (ROW).

Permitting and restoration requirements prove to be difficult for developers and private ISPs looking to build in the ROW. Permits can take too long to approve, but through policies and updated requirements, the city can alleviate some of this by ensuring the permitting process is streamlined.

SB 378 passed into law in 2022 and requires municipalities to allow microtrenching for the purpose of placing fiber optic cables, in certain circumstances. The city should consider creating a standard to address when microtrenching is going to be used, including policies in place for dealing with microtrenching during emergency digging in the ROW.

The city should also consider creating a digital inclusion policy that will further digital inclusion and help bring digital equity to Newark in support of digital inclusion efforts recommended below.

Create a Technology Enterprise Fund.

Dedicating all revenues generated from telecommunication carriers or ISPs through leases of city poles, ROW access, cell towers and/or land for placement of towers and other public assets to a Technology Enterprise Fund will ensure the city has a financing source for the purchase, installation and/or construction of new broadband assets and Smart City applications, particularly to take advantage of opportunities outside of the annual budget process, such as coordinated joint trenching. These funds would also be used for digital inclusion efforts.

Newark should consider investments that provide modern, reliable broadband infrastructure and programs that would offer free or low-cost services to qualified residents, the school district, and the library.

The city should also use the fund to support innovative Smart City/Connected Community programs that improve efficiencies while enhancing services for the community. This includes infrastructure investments that deliver real-time environmental, public safety and transportation information to stakeholders, City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 63 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
such as streetlight sensors for noise, air quality, on-street parking availability, traffic congestion and evacuation routes. “Push” notifications can be employed to relay important messages; retail location intelligence can improve economic development by offering analytic information on foot traffic in the surrounding business areas.

Incrementally build city-owned broadband infrastructure.

The city should adopt the HLD and implement policies that include broadband in all projects. If there is an opportunity to add this infrastructure as part of other projects, the city can incrementally build infrastructure as needed over time to reduce costs. Keeping the future in mind, the broadband committee should be included in the planning process with broadband being considered a utility like power, water and sewer.

Evaluate the use of Public, Education and Government (PEG) funds where applicable to enhance services with broadband.

The City has a need in the Emergency Operations Center (EOC) for multiple video and audio feeds for its Joint Information Center (JIC) to broadcast and monitor live reports of events.

The City also has the need for remote location broadcasting of events i.e. festivals and city events, which broadband would support.

The use of PEG funds is a potential source of funding to assist with these needs.

Support digital inclusion.

Digital divide is the problem and digital inclusion are the steps and activities to help fix the problem, with digital equity as the goal.

Digital divide is the gap between those who have adequate broadband and ability to use it and those who do not. It is easy to define the problem, however, less so to define the underlying causes such as affordability, physical access, owning devices that can access the internet, and even knowing how to use the internet effectively.

No two cities have the same issues that need to be solved, but there are some causes of the digital divide that exist, to some extent, in every town, city, county and state. One of those causes is the affordability of internet access. In addition to the local ISP affordability information provided on their websites, the city should promote the Federal Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP), City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 64 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
which is an FCC-funded subsidy that helps ensure households can afford the broadband they need for work, school, healthcare and more. Details can be found at https://www.fcc.gov/acp. The survey resulted in showing the city has a low take rate for the ACP program. Education regarding this important tool to assist those in need is prudent.

The library in Newark has many resources to be leveraged in digital inclusion efforts including computers, iPads, and other devices the community can benefit from. The city should promote the library and its resources to the community. The library has study rooms that can be used to hold educational classes on how to use the internet. The aged population tends to learn technology more slowly and can use help with how to access telehealth, doctor appointments, online bill pay, and many other activities required to exist in the increasingly online lifestyle of the world.

Another aspect of digital inclusion is to ensure the affordability of the devices that allow users to connect to the internet. Cities have surplus equipment, desks, computers, and laptops, among other things, which could be donated to senior centers, schools, economic development centers or any other group that helps lessen the digital divide. Senior centers are in particular need, with most residents being on fixed incomes with no way to purchase devices.

Next Steps
Outlined below is a summary of the next steps the city should take to improve and expand broadband.

1. Create a staff committee to advise, keep abreast of and hold accountability for broadband.
a. Define roles and responsibilities.
b. Keep the committee small and nimble, including representatives from key departments such as Public Works, Information
Technology, Police Department, Community Development and a representative from the City Manager’s Office.

2. In addition to the committee, assign or hire a person or consultant to be the City’s point person leading the broadband efforts lined out in the study.

3. Pursue a public private partnership, create an RFP to find partnerships with a local ISP.
a. Find a partner that can engineer and construct HLD phases 1 – 3 as appropriate and as budget allows including the addition of WiFi in the four city parks identified (Newark Community, Jerry Raber, Birch Grove and Mel Nunes).
b. Create a partnership that will accomplish the goals of the broadband plan in providing underserved businesses with reliable service.

4. Review city policies to update as needed.
a. Dig Once policy.
b. Developer agreements.
c. Create workflows and policy to ensure broadband is a consideration on all city capital improvement projects, permitted work in the ROW, and planning efforts.
d. Review needs for wireless telecommunication facilities ordinance.

5. Create a broadband enterprise fund to support broadband efforts, construction, and partnerships.
a. Assign a portion of PEG fees to a broadband fund where applicable. b. Assign a portion franchise fees to a broadband fund. c. Create a financing strategy that separately tracks revenues and expenditures for this fund.
d. Create a funding policy that established a reserve as well as strives to ensure that revenues match expenditures without being a burden to the city’s General Fund.

6. Incrementally build city-owned broadband infrastructure with a P3 if this model is selected.

7. Evaluate the community’s needs for Wi-Fi for locations such as the Silliman Center, the Senior Cener, low-income neighborhoods, Restaurant Row, the Old Town area and City parks.

8. Monitor grants such as BEAD and CASF including funding for education and accessibility. Traffic grants are also a great source of funding for expanding a fiber network

9. Think regionally – the City should consider working with other local governments in the region to reduce costs and take advantage of economies of scale while improving services. This includes the county, schools, Ohlone College and other neighboring cities like Fremont and Union City that are pursuing expanding broadband as well.

10.Create a digital inclusion policy and program including the following:

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a. Promote the Affordable Connectivity Program or other programs that provide similar services.
b. Use library resources to educate individuals.
c. Standards for donating surplus equipment.

11.Promote digital inclusion efforts for the residents of the city. a. Promote the Affordable Connectivity Program. Newark has residents that have a challenging time affording internet access.

12. Instead of auctioning off extra and surplus equipment, donate to local groups and individuals that would benefit.
a. Senior Centers
b. Youth Centers
c. Economic Development Groups
d. Small Business Associations
e. Under privileged households
f. Schools
g. Etc.

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Connected Communities
Connected Communities AKA “Smart City” have different meanings city to city, and the definition has evolved over time. Initially, the focus was on infrastructure projects and centrally controlled systems with reporting and analytics. These investments provided very little value for the communities they served. Now, Connected Community initiatives focus on the use of technology and data to increase collaboration, drive decisions, and improve the community’s livability, workability and sustainability.

A Connected Community Program improves internal alignment to become an efficient, collaborative, and transparent city that is continuously improving cross-departmental coordination and data-sharing, refining operational approaches and priorities through a participatory governance process and active resident engagement.

Connected Communities help keep community members feeling inclusive, safe, and informed through continuous innovation with modern technologies improving response time and situational awareness.

Newark’s Connected Community/Smart City leveraged broadband as a foundation to build equity through creative ways of providing the necessary connectivity to support unserved and underserved neighborhoods.

Newark’s Connected Community/ Smart City plan should be coupled with the City’s broadband master plan to establish a collaborative ecosystem to bring together residents, businesses, industry, government, non-profits and other stakeholders to ideate and implement solutions that maximize “Livability” for residents, “Workability” in the City and “Sustainability” for all as overarching value propositions.

With the implementation of a Connected Community strategy and plan, operational efficiency will be improved and likewise become the backbone for delivering “Newark Community Connect," enabling the city to rethink and innovate how the city functions and delivers its services.

Government Technology Group (GTG) would use the following as a framework for helping Newark achieve its goals of digital transformation. This process aids transparency, programs, and budget alignment, coordinating across organizations to realize functional requirements

Vision
The vision establishes the foundation, by which the actual transformation is executed against. This vision should directly align with city initiatives and the City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 68 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
foundational principles of operational efficiency and improved service delivery.

Transformation
Transformation is the execution of the vision by way of specific projects aimed at delivering the desired outcomes. This is not so much technology centric, rather people and process oriented, leaning on technology to realize the objectives.

Outcomes
The outcomes reflect the improvements to the overall process of city operations and service delivery. They represent a new way for the city to measure performance, engage residents and build on a foundation of continuous improvement.

Figure 23 – Connected Communities in Newark
Case Study Examples
The cases below demonstrate Connected Community/Smart City use cases that we have participated in with the respective cities.

East Palo Alto – Digital Equity
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During the pandemic the County of San Mateo took action to make sure that its infrastructure assets were utilized to deliver connectivity services to its underserved communities, East Palo Alto was the ideal community.

We leveraged the county’s fiber as the backbone and solved the middle mile with CBRS (Citizens Broadband Radio Service) and deployed several WAPs (Wireless AP’s) for the public Wi-Fi in various parks and city buildings. The Wi-Fi was used to connect the homes so that there was support for distance learning and remote work. The program was an absolute success and improved the county’s DDI (Digital Divide Index) number.

San Leandro – Connected Lighting
The City of San Leandro initiated an LED relamping program and decided to connect the streetlights via a Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) for the purpose of energy conservation.

Lessons learned:

While the energy savings was successful, there were plans to leverage the lighting network for additional applications e.g. environmental monitoring, people counting, etc. The challenge was that the protocol for the wireless network was not broadly adopted, making it very difficult to integrate additional sensors for new applications. As a lesson learned, it is important to:

1. Ensure that the technical choice supports the strategic plan.

2. Understand the standards and protocols that are supported.

3. Leverage your infrastructure for more than a single use whenever possible.

Coral Gables – Connected Communities/Smart City Platform The City of Coral Gables Florida set out over 10+ years ago to create a Connected Community that embraced services and transparency while improving city operations. This was under the leadership of Raimundo Rodulfo – CIO.

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Coral Gables demonstrates the focus and effort it takes to deliver on the vision of “Connected Community/Smart City” by:

1. Establishing and revisiting their strategic plan.

2. Establishing the foundation of systems interoperability for improved service delivery.

3. Focus on innovation and open standards.

4. Clear KPI’s that are communicated to the community.

Palo Alto – Digital Twin for Traffic Monitoring Case Study Working directly with the Palo Alto CIO and the chief traffic engineer, the program was executed over the course of 18 months and has garnered significant visibility from an innovation perspective. The objective was to set the foundation for traffic modernization using existing data to build a real time digital twin as insight to aid in improving traffic flow and give priority to cyclists and pedestrians at crosswalks.

Leveraging the Trafficware Management System data provided in partnership by the city, we were able to deliver a baseline of the current traffic conditions to inform decisions on where to introduce “Adaptive Traffic Signaling,” as well as preparing for vision zero initiatives. The user interface allows for real time insight into traffic flow, congestion, and pedestrians at crosswalks.

The second part of the project was to deliver the ability to visualize the traffic data for the purpose of preemptive signaling, which was successfully demonstrated.

The outcome was successful and there were several additional use cases documented to leverage the traffic data combined with other city data - e.g. environmental monitors coupled with traffic flow data show the CO2 emissions based on traffic flow.

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Newark Strategic Horizon Chart
Figure 24 – Newark Strategic Horizon chart
The strategic horizon chart is a living reference tool that aligns programs and projects to the city vision for Connected Communities/Smart City. It is meant to be updated as priorities and initiatives change over time.

Top Areas of Opportunity
The following list highlights areas of opportunity for Newark to establish project initiatives that deliver value to the city and residents alike.

1. Connected street lighting
a. Improves energy efficiency.
b. Improves community safety.
c. Reduces carbon footprint.

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d. Extends additional Connected Community applications e.g. Public Wi-Fi, Air quality sensors etc.

2. Community broadband
a. Promotes Digital Equity and ensures reliable and affordable internet access for all community members irrespective of income or location.
b. Enhances education and lifelong learning.
c. Boosts economic development and innovation.
d. Improves public service and citizen engagement.

3. Traffic monitoring
a. Reduces traffic congestion and improves commutes.
b. Enhances public safety and emergency response.
c. Benefits environment and sustainability.
d. Prepares for autonomous vehicles.

4. Cybersecurity, privacy, and data governance
a. Improves the city’s security posture.
b. Improves transparency for the community.
c. Prepares the city for use of the extended datasets generated by the solutions.

With a robust broadband strategy, the above listed solutions deliver a solid foundation for continued innovation for Newark’s Connected Community.

Other Smart City/Connected Communities
Recommendations
Newark has several areas that align to the strategy initiatives of Livability, Workability, and Sustainability. These domains are very common amongst the majority of cities.

Livability
• Environmental Monitoring – The benefits here are aligned to the city delivering information to the residents about the conditions in the surrounding areas. Is it advised to hike, ride bikes? Is the temperature combined with CO2 emissions safe? What is the particulate count? • Digital Signage/Kiosk – The benefits here serve the residents and visitors as they will be able to walk and engage the signage for information.

Likewise, it can be used to engage residents and allow them to initiate permits and other city forms without going inside city hall.

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• Security Monitoring – The benefits here are aligned with residents feeling safe. It is likewise aligned with workability when the police department is looking for forensic information related to criminal activity.
• Multi-Modal Transportation – This benefits the city residents in a variety of ways.
o Getting to public transportation hubs will improve the experience for all.
o Establishing e-mobility programs for the elderly.
o Could get residents out of their car and into public transportation which would have an impact on sustainability.

Workability
• Wireless connectivity – The benefits of the city considering ancillary wireless connectivity in conjunction with its fiber deployment covers workability as well as livability.
o First responders will have reliable connections within a variety of areas in the city. This leans toward considering PLTE (Private LTE) for some areas of the city.
o Benefits the residents when looking at large numbers of digital signs or additionally tap to pay EV Chargers, etc.
o Field workers will have the ability to relay GIS information whenever there are changes needed.
o Recreation centers will experience a much higher level of reliability as well as improved services.
• GIS program – This will benefit the city across the board. Operational efficiency when field visits are made in terms of understanding and clearly knowing where the assets, wireless AP’s, etc. are located. • Digital Twin – Digital Twins are very useful when the data is available.

The benefits tie themselves to providing insight into a variety of areas and visualizing them in a single dashboard that is updating in real time. o Improvement in traffic monitoring – Leads to adaptive traffic monitoring.
o Improvement in emergency response – Leads to managing routes to specific locations. Also, unifies the various data streams into a single view shared amongst the teams.
o Can become the “Single Pane of Glass” used by most city workers. • Security foundation – When extending Connected Community services to operational technology, the city should evaluate its security strategy and City of Newark, CA Broadband Master Plan & Smart City Report Page 76 GTG ©2024 July 11, 2024
processes to reduce risk to the city from potential cyber security incidents.
• Automated redundant internet – As innovation occurs and the city relies more heavily on the Internet to support its Connected Community program, it should evaluate automated redundant internet access if the new enhancements are deemed critical to the business needs of the city.

Sustainability
• Buildings – With Newark's sustainability targets, buildings (both old and new) should be under consideration. Note that Newark is already in a good place with the city hall and police departments already equipped with building automation to support HVAC and building services. o Energy efficient windows for all construction.
o Solar and other distributed energy resources to reduce emissions. o Connectivity within building that monitors and manages lighting, HVAC, and energy.
• EV charging - This provides even greater value when attached to other sustainable initiatives, renewables, and other energy efficient programs.

GTG is well prepared to help Newark execute a plan for solution delivery.

With a robust broadband strategy, the above listed solutions deliver a solid foundation for continued innovation for Newark’s Connected Community.

Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge with much appreciation the crucial role of city staff and regional stakeholders from Newark. City staff provided valuable feedback on a regular basis during the project in addition to assisting with getting the word out to the community regarding this important project.

Broadband Master Plan Award
City Council: July 25, 2024
Broadband Master Plan
and Smart City Study
Government Technology Group, LLC
2 Broadband Master Plan
Background, Planning, Draft Review, Final Report
 Vision
 Recurring Themes
 Background
 April 25, 2024 Draft and City Council Input Addressed  Updates to Conceptual Design
 Updates to Funding Recommendations
3 Broadband Master Plan
VISION
Create a strategic plan to outline how the City aims to improve and expand its broadband internet infrastructure. In simple terms, it’s a roadmap that lays out how Newark plans to make high-speed internet more available and affordable for
everyone, with a focus on unserved and underserved areas. It involves identifying areas that need better internet access, develop strategies to provide that access, and determine the resources needed to implement those strategies. Basically, it’s a plan to help guide decision-making and help ensure that everyone has access to fast and reliable internet.
4 Broadband Master Plan

RECURRING THEMES
• Inclusivity – provide the opportunity for high-speed broadband service to all residents, businesses, and organizations • Reliability – provide a service that is dependable and has redundancy built in
• Reasonable Cost – provide broadband that has reasonable and affordable monthly charges
• Broadband Infrastructure – provide infrastructure that supports economic development and future Smart City initiatives
Background – Additional Project Funding
Project Funding Background
5 City Council Award: March 23, 2023 – Resolution No. 11,480 Broadband Master Plan Award
ARPA (American Rescue Plan Act) – Resolution No. 11,275 $200,000 Broadband Master Planning
ARPA Broadband Infrastructure Project
$1,000,000
Resolution No. 11,554 - AB 179 State of California (Asm.

Alex Lee)
$1,800,000
Total: $3,000,000
PLAN

IMPLEMENTATION
Background – Broadband Master Planning 6 City Council Presentation: April 25, 2024 Draft Broadband Master Plan and Smart City Study
 Master Plan Overview
 Market Analysis
 Goals and Needs
 Conceptual Design
 Policy
 Partnership Opportunities
 Recommendations
Process and Key Elements of Plan
Broadband Master Plan and Smart City Study - Updates
7 City Council: July 25, 2024
Broadband Master Plan for Adoption
 Master Plan Overview
 Market Analysis
 Goals and Needs
 Conceptual Design  Updates
 Policy
 Partnership Opportunities
 Recommendations  Updates
Background – Broadband Master Planning 8 April 25, 2024 City Council and Public Input Addressed Feedback From the Draft Broadband Master Plan
Poor Broadband Coverage (Reliability and Lack of Fiber Infrastructure) • Conceptual Design changed to add Wi-Fi coverage to four identified Community locations to take advantage of Smart LED Streetlights Broadband Choices are Limited
• Connect City facilities to build a foundation to attract a Private Sector Partner to build low-cost, high-speed connectivity
• Dig Once Policy and Standards to expand Broadband
Lack of Funds to Build Infrastructure
• Funding mechanisms ideas to sustain ongoing improvements:

Technology Fund, PEG Fees, Enterprise Funding, Utility User Tax Process and Key Elements of Plan
Broadband Master Plan and Smart City Study - Updates
9 City Council: July 25, 2024
Broadband Master Plan for Adoption
 Master Plan Overview
 Market Analysis
 Goals and Needs
 Conceptual Design  Updates
 Policy
 Partnership Opportunities  Updated
 Recommendations  Updated
Process and Key Elements of Plan 10 Conceptual Design Draft (April 2024) Routes by Phase
Phase I – $1.2million
• Connecting Silliman Center
Phase II – $300,000
• Public works
Phase III – $300,000
• Senior Center
Aerial is best case now
Process and Key Elements of Plan 11 NEW Conceptual Design with Additions (July 2024) Proposed WiFi Locations
• Mel Nunes Sportsfield Park
$48,000
• Newark Community Center
$79,000
• Birch Grove Park
$202,000
• Jerry Raber Ash Street Park
$113,000
Newark
Community
Center Park
Mel Nunes
Sportsfield
Park
Birch
Grove
Park
Jerry Raber
Ash Street
Park
Process and Key Elements of Plan
Broadband Master Plan and Smart City Study - Updates
12 City Council: July 25, 2024
Broadband Master Plan for Adoption
 Master Plan Overview
 Market Analysis
 Goals and Needs
 Conceptual Design  Updated
 Policy
 Partnership Opportunities  Updated
 Recommendations  Updated
Process and Key Elements of Plan Use of Available Funding: $2.8 million 13 Recommendations
Phase Task Responsible Cost Timeline
1A Issue RFP for Public Private Partnership (P3) +
Oversight
GTG $74,000 Fall 2024
1B Dig-Once Policy and Development Standards
Creation
GTG $96,000 Winter 2024
2A Implement Conceptual Design to Connect City
Facilities, Parks and WiFi (potential use of LED
streetlights)
P3 $2,270,000 Winter 2024 –
Fall 2025
2B Connect to middle mile Data Center hub P3 and ISP $24,000 Spring 2025 – Fall 2025
Projected Available Balance $336,000
Incremental build of broadband infrastructure will cost millions of dollars over multiple years.

Resolution
Approve the Broadband Master Plan
14 Broadband Master Plan Approval
Staff Recommendation
Questions?
15 City Council: July 25, 2024
Broadband Master Plan
Item F. 2.

DATE 07/25/2024
TO Honorable Mayor and City Council Members
FROM Jonathan Arguello, Chief of Police
SUBJECT Chief of Police Arguello presentation of the 2023 Newark Police Department Annual Report
With a focus on enhancing community relationships and the facilitation of transparency and community trust, the 2023 Newark Police Department Annual Report is a summary of the policing activities in the City throughout calendar year 2023. Included in this presentation is a comparison of property crimes, persons crimes and traffic collisions as well as current Police Department initiatives.

Attachments
Presentation
Jonathan Arguello | Chief of Police
2023 Annual Report
July 25, 2024

NEWARK POLICE DEPARTMENT
July 25, 2024

MESSAGE FROM THE CHIEF
On behalf of the dedicated men and women of the
Newark Police Department, we are pleased to
present our 2023 Annual Crime Report. We are
committed to employing innovative strategies to
address crime trends and community safety concerns
through genuine dialogue, educational programs,
directed crime prevention and enforcement, and an
emphasis on leveraging technology to solve crimes.

We look forward to continuing this trend in 2024 as
we prioritize employee wellness and recruitment and
enhance our community partnerships to achieve our
shared goals and improve the quality of life in
Newark.
2 2
July 25, 2024

NEWARK POLICE DEPARTMENT

MISSION
To provide professional public safety services in partnership with our community.

VISION
A commitment to our community and employees to improve quality of life through proactive and innovative public safety services.
3 3
July 25, 2024

ORGANIZATIONAL VALUES
CITYWIDE:
• Personal Service
• Resourcefulness
• Innovation
• Diversity, and
• Engagement
NEWARK POLICE DEPARTMENT:
• Honor
• Integrity
• Professionalism
• Commitment, and
• Leadership
4 4
July 25, 2024

STRATEGIC PLANNING
PILLARS (2023):
• Communication
• Accountability
• Discipline
• Professionalism
• Leadership Development
• Trust
CURRENT FOUNDATIONAL EXPECTATIONS:
• Communication
• Accountability
• Professionalism
• Leadership Development
• Trust
• Ownership
5 5
July 25, 2024
• Recruitment & Hiring
• FTO Program Expansion
• Critical Staffing Model
• 3D Crime & Collision Scene
Investigation Capability
• Enhanced Employee Wellness
• Police Service Aide Mentors
• CAD Mapping Integration
• CIBRS Certification
• RIPA Update
• Police Explorer Program
NOTABLE ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN 2023
• Grant funding:
• Officer Wellness $34,400
• Traffic Safety $68,000
• Traffic Records $80,000
• Organized Retail Theft $986,444
• New Community Partnerships:
• Fremont Ford
• MVROP
• Newark Rotary Bike & Skate
Safety Event
6 6
July 25, 2024

STRATEGIC PLANNING
THEMES (2023): CURRENT PRIORITIES:
• Retention and Recruitment
• Employee Wellness & Engagement
• Championing of Technology
• Staff and Leadership Development
• Crime Reduction
• Community Service and Engagement
• Employee Retention
• Recruitment
• Employee Wellness
• Technology
• Leadership Development
7 7
July 25, 2024

RECRUITMENT & HIRING
• 24 Pellet B Testing Events
• 22 WSTB Physical Agility Testing Events
• CSU East Bay Career Fair
• Military Career Fair
• Newark Memorial High Career Fair (x2)
• Gavilan College LE Career Fair (x2)
• Latter-Day Saints Safety Fair
• Dia de Los Muertos
Recruitment Events:
8 8
July 25, 2024

RECRUITMENT & HIRING
• Half Moon Bay Pacific Coast Dream
Machine Car Show
• Gavilan College Requalification
Academy Presentation (x2)
• Women in Law Enforcement Conf.
• Emergency Vehicle Show (Ripon, CA)
• Lucid Studio Career Day
• Contra Costa County Police Academy
• Good Guys West Coast Nationals
Recruitment Events:
9 9
July 25, 2024

NEWARK POLICE DEPARTMENT

AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL

NEW HIRES

LEADERSHIP

DEVELOPMENT
Sergeant 1
Acting Sergeant 2
Lead Detective 1

LEADERSHIP ACADEMY

GRADUATES
Emerging Leaders 2
Mid-Mangement 3
FBI Nat'lAcad. 1
Police Officers 12
Vehicle Abatement 1
Police Service Aide 2
CSO Full Time 1
CSO Part Time 1
Crime Analyst 1
Sworn Staff 58
Current Vacancies 9
Professional Staff 33
10 10
July 25, 2024

RECRUITMENT & HIRING EFFORTS
Recognizing New Employees!
11 11
• Calls for Service
26,235
• Proactive Calls
7,900
34,135

DISPATCH
• Emergency Calls 14,112
• Incoming Calls 34,589
Answered within
15 Seconds:
• 911 99.39%
• Business 98.43%
• Outgoing Calls 16,826

TOTAL FIELD INCIDENTS

CALLS FOR SERVICE
July 25, 2024
63,927
12 12
July 25, 2024

PERSONS CRIMES
Category 2020 2021 2022† 2023† 2022 vs 2023 (%)
Homicide 1 0 5 0 - 100%
Sexual Assault 24 13 12 9 - 25%
Robbery 55 69 50 57 + 14%
Aggravated
Assault &
Battery
353 357 439 374 - 15%
Total
Persons Crimes 433 439 505 440 - 13%
† California Incident Based Reporting System (CIBRS) implemented and adopted in early 2022 13 13
July 25, 2024

PROPERTY CRIMES
Category 2020 2021 2022† 2023† 2022 vs 2023
(%)
Burglary 206 194 425 214 - 50%
Larceny - Theft 1,000 1,110 1,462 1,106 - 24%
Catalytic Converter Theft‡ 106 259 317 168 - 47%
Vehicle Theft 238 277 364 414 + 14%
Arson 9 7 7 5 - 30%
Total
Property Crimes 1,453 1,588 2,258 1,739 - 23%
† California Incident Based Reporting System (CIBRS) implemented and adopted in early 2022 ‡ Catalytic Converter Theft is an element reported under Larceny Theft 14 14
July 25, 2024

PROSECUTED CASES
Cases Referred to District Attorney 675
Charged Felony 46 7%
Charged Misdemeanor 218 32%
Probation Revocation 536 5%
Prosecution Declined 339 51%
Cases Pending Review (As of June 2024) 34 5%
DISTRICT ATTORNEY CASE DISPOSITION 2023
Case Reports 4,849
Criminal Case Reports 3,344 69%
15 15
July 25, 2024

PROSECUTED CASES
DISTRICT ATTORNEY CASE DISPOSITION 2023
Charged Felony, 46
Charged Misdmeanor,
218
Probation Revocation, 36
Prosecution Declined,
341
Pending Review, …
7%
32%
5%
51%
5%
16 16
July 25, 2024

COLLISION CALLS FOR SERVICE (CFS)
17 17
July 25, 2024

USE OF FORCE
TYPES OF FORCE USED:

Control Hold
49%
Take Down
27%
Wrap
8%
Taser 8%
40 mm & Pepper Ball 5%
Strikes
1%
18 18
July 25, 2024

USE OF FORCE
Total Incidents Where Force Was Used 44
Use of Force Resulting in Serious Injury or
Death to a Civilian 1
Officer Involved Shootings 1
In-Custody Deaths 0
Use of Force per Field Incident <1%
19 19
July 25, 2024

CRIME ANALYST
• Proactive Policing Bulletin Development
o Data Intelligence Policing Focus
• Monthly Crime Strategy & Trends Reporting
• Peregrine automation design
• Funding project & grant review
• Investigative support
• Mapping (GIS) support
• Regional data sharing liaison
20 20
July 25, 2024

ALPR PROGRAM ANNUAL REPORT

ALPR SUMMARY ALPR KEY METRICS
• 20 City Cameras
• 16 HOA Cameras
• Internal Audit Summary
• Significant Cases
• CAD ALPR Activations: 811
• ALPR used for Investigations: 180
• Police Crime Reports: 80
• Persons Arrested: 28
• Recovered Stolen Vehicles: 71
21 21
July 25, 2024
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT: VOLUNTEERS
• Neighborhood Watch
• ADA Parking Compliance
• Vacation Home Checks
• Merchant Watch
• Graffiti Abatement
• Police Explorers
• Document Shredding Event
• Catalytic Converter Etching
22 22
July 25, 2024

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT EVENTS
• Faith & Blue Event
• Coffee with a Cop
• National Night Out
23 23
July 25, 2024

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT EVENTS
• Newark Recreation Dept’s "Big Truck" Day
• Assembly Bill 481 Equipment Display
• Manitas en Acción
• Newark Rotary & NPD Bike & Skate Safety Rodeo
24 24
July 25, 2024

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT EVENTS
• Hosted NUSD school field trip tours
• Hosted Boy & Girl Scout Troops
• Read Across America
• Bingo with the Badges
25 25
July 25, 2024

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT EVENTS
• Family Day in the Park
• Newark Tree Lighting Event
26 26
July 25, 2024

EMPLOYEE-LED INITIATIVES
• Special Olympics Torch Run led by Sergeant Homayoun
• DEA Drug Takeback Event led by Records Supervisor Beck and Property & Evidence Technician da Silva
• 237 turkeys donated to Viola Blythe, led by Sergeant Fredstrom • Detective Musantry & Officer Losier collaborated with SAVE and CALICO for a Holiday Toy Drive
27 27
28 28
Item I. 1.

DATE 07/25/2024
TO Honorable Mayor and City Council Members
FROM Kristopher Kokotaylo, City Attorney
SUBJECT Conference with legal counsel - Existing Litigation Pursuant to California Government Code Section 54956.9(d)(1) Name of Case: In re National Prescription Opiate
Litigation (National opioid litigation involving Kroger) Case No. 1:17-MD-2804

Newark City CouncilJuly 25, 2024

Newark City Council
July 25, 2024