Oakland
General Plan
Update 2045
General Plan Background
• "Constitution " for development
and conservation.
• Establishes citywide vision
and supporting goals, policies,
and implementation measures.
• Minimum Required Elements
• Land Use, Circulation, Housing,
Conservation, Open Space, Noise,
Safety, Environmental Justice
• Other Elements may be added, as
needed
• Oakland will approach the General
Plan Update in two (2) phases .
2 Phase 1 – General Plan Update
November 2021 – Spring 2023
3 SAFETY
Adopted 2004
(Last amended 2021)
ENVIRONMENTAL
JUSTICE
*New Requirement*
INDUSTRIAL
LANDS Study
• Addresses needs of most
impacted and vulnerable
communities
• Includes air quality and
pollution; safe and sanitary
housing; healthy food access;
physical activity; investment
prioritization; civic engagement
• Identifies natural and
human-made hazards
(wildfire, earthquake,
climate change, flooding,
etc.) and ways to reduce
and manage impacts
HOUSING
Adopted 2014
• Addresses housing needs, at
all income levels (2023-2031).
• Protect tenants and keep
people in their homes. Preserve
existing stock of affordable
housing. Produce more
affordable housing – lower-
income. Identify appropriate
locations for housing.
• Evaluate feasibility of
various industrial
sectors, including
longevity of the Port of
Oakland, and quality of
life and environmental
justice considerations.
Phase 2 – General Plan Update
Spring 2023 – Mid 2025
4 INFRASTRUCTURE
& FACILITIES
*New Element*
OPEN SPACE,
CONSERVATION
& RECREATION
(OSCAR)
NOISE LAND USE &
TRANSPORTATION
Adopted 1996
Adopted 2005
Adopted 1998
Includes Estuary
Policy Plan for areas
below Interstate 880
• Overarching goals and
policies for city
infrastructure.
• Reflects capital
improvements identified
in the LUTE, OSCAR,
Safety, and other General
Plan elements.
Timeline
5 SPRING 2022
LAYING THE GROUNDWORK
SUMMER & FALL 2022
REVIEW & CO-DESIGN
WINTER 2022 AND SPRING
2023
EVALUATE, REFINE, & ADOPT
Collect and uplift known
issues, key data, proposed
solutions, goals and policies
from current and past City
adopted plans and
community-led planning
initiatives
Not Starting From Scratch:Review existing EJ and Safety goals and policies: What is working well?
Identify Gaps: Where are there gaps? Where is improvement needed?
Co-Design: Develop Draft EJ and Safety Goals, Objectives, Policies, and Programs. Develop comprehensive industrial lands study and recommendations for policy development.
Assess Impacts and Tradeoffs
Public Draft Release of EJ and
Safety Elements in January
2023
Ongoing Engagement for
General Plan Update
FOCUSED COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT: FOCUS GROUPS, NEIGHBORHOOD
WORKSHOPS, STAKEHOLDER INTERVIEWS, SURVEYS, CULTURAL EVENTS,
POP-UPS, & PRESENTATIONS AT NEIGHBORHOOD COUNCILS
All Community Events and Public Meetings: oaklandca.gov/topics/meetings-and-events Safety Element
Update
Safety Element
• Oakland faces many hazards, including:
• Environmental: wildfire,
earthquakes/seismic hazards,
flooding, extreme weather, climate
change
• Humanmade: hazardous materials
• Certain populations may be more
vulnerable to hazards
• SB 379 requires cities to address climate
change adaptation and resilience in
their general plan safety element
• Safety Element identifies natural and
human-made hazards (wildfire,
earthquake, climate change, flooding,
etc.) and ways to reduce and manage
impacts
Communities of
color
Infants and youth
Low-income
communities
People who work
outside
No vehicle/accessible transit
Pre-existing
conditions
Older populations or
mobility impairments
7 Safety Element Requirements
Topics Requirements
Seismic and Geologic Hazards •Slope instability
•Policies and mapping related to seismic hazards (surface rupture, ground shaking, ground failure, tsunami, seiche, dam failure, subsidence, liquefaction, etc.)
Emergency Preparedness •Evacuation routes
•Peakload water supply requirements
•Minimum road widths and clearances around structures
•Essential public facilities and their location
•Cooperative relationships with relevant public agencies Flooding •Mapped flood hazard zones and FEMA maps
•Appropriate mitigations for new development in hazard areas Wildland and Urban Fires •Fire Hazard Severity Zone mapping, historical fire data •Avoid and minimize fire risk for new development
Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience (SB
379)
•Cal-Adapt information- risk of climate change, including assets ,resources, and populations
•Set of adaptation and resilience goals, policies and objectives based on results
8 Other Topics
Topics
Hazardous Materials • Materials spills and transport
• Cleanup
Public Safety Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) • Other topics cross-referenced with other elements. For example:
• Collisions and safer streets (EJ and LUTE elements)
• Community gathering places (LUTE, OSCAR, EJ)
• Interdepartmental/community collaboration to address community safety 9 Oakland’s 2021-2026 LHMP
10 Initial Findings
Seismic Impacts
• Most of Oakland at risk for violent shaking.
• Aging housing stock and public infrastructure esp. in low-income areas. • Approximately 22,000 units with a soft-story condition • Liquefaction susceptibility highest in the low-lying coastal areas. • Lower-income areas and communities of color at risk of liquefaction • .
Landslide Impacts
• Severe impact to Oakland Hills.
• Higher-income and white residents at risk of landslides and ground shaking. • Vulnerable households are 22% black, 18% hispanic or Latinx, and 40% earn less than $50,000 AMI
11 Initial Findings
Flood Impacts
• High risk in the low-lying areas, e.g., Coliseum and West Oakland • Tracts in Downtown, Chinatown and West Oakland have high concentration of people living with a disability
Wildfire Impacts
• Wildfire smoke greatly impactsat-risk populations e.g., unhoused, outdoor workers, children, and residents who live in poorly insulated or ventilated homes.
• Wildfire threats - impact to Oakland Hills and some neighborhoods with limited means of ingress and egress
12 Key Concerns and Policy Priorities
Concerns Policy Priorities
• Extreme heat events - disproportionately
affect unhoused populations, people who
live in housing with poor ventilation, and
home-bound individuals
• Gaps in the 2021-2026 LHMP regarding
city facilities for emergency response
support
• Many facilities do not have air
conditioning or high-capacity HVAC air
filtering systems or are not located
where they are needed
• Need to expand emergency response
capacity
• Concern about preemptive emergency
response training model that is inclusive
and reaches more diverse audiences
• Need to understand unintended
consequences of policies
•Maintain an equity lens throughout the entire update process •Prioritize collaborating with frontline communities
•Address hazards from wildfire smoke
•Ensure adequate facilities for relief during wildfire smoke emergencies
•Make decisions related to disaster risk within a disability - centered context - as populations age, people will develop more disabilities and so important to address these challenges in terms of an aging population
•Consider equitable nature-based adaptation and urban
greening that protects against sea level rise, urban flooding, and urban heat
•Consider requiring new buildings to accommodate increase in sea level rise
•Consider policies that enforce groundwater monitoring
•Consider policies that take into account the cost of
maintenance
13 Oakland’s First
Environmental
Justice Element
• Identify the location and characteristics of
Environmental Justice (EJ) Communities* within the
area covered by the General Plan.
• Identify objectives and policies to reduce the unique or compounded health risks in EJ Communities by:
❑ Reduction of pollution exposure, including the
improvement of air quality
❑ Promotion of public facilities, food access, safe
and healthy homes, and physical activity.
❑ Promote community engagement in the public
decision-making process.
❑ Prioritize improvements and programs that
address the needs of EJ Communities.
❑ Reduction of any unique or compounded health
risk not otherwise addressed above.
Environmental Justice Element
15 Updated EJ Communities Map
16 Potential EJ Policy Outcomes
Reduce Pollution Exposure
• Reduce and mitigate pollution from industrial uses & freeway traffic. • Address and prevent health impacts of illegal dumping. • Separate pollution sources from sensitive land uses, such as homes, schools, hospitals, libraries, etc.
• Address the impacts of Goods Movement: truck impacts and transportation of hazardous material.
• Implement 2030 ECAP measures to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG).Promote Safe and Healthy Homes • Address the ongoing impacts of redlining by permitting more housing variety across all of Oakland.
• Provide ongoing support for, and address root causes of, homelessness – in particular, the disproportionate impact of homelessness on Black, Indigenous, and People of Color. • Facilitate development without displacement intentionally encouraging development that benefits existing residents.
• Address unsafe and unhealthy housing conditions by reducing exposure to mold, asbestos, lead, and other toxic substances. Reduce and mitigate pollution from industrial uses, freeway traffic
17 Promote Physical Activity and Public Facilities
•Ensure EJ Communities have affordable, accessible, reliable, and safe transportation options.
•Expand access to Oakland’s shoreline for EJ Communities. •Implement the Urban Forest Master Plan: Expand and protect tree canopy cover in underrepresented areas of East and West Oakland - provide shade, reduce urban heat island impacts, and reduce exposure to air pollution emissions. •Provide an equitable distribution of safe and well-designed parks and playgrounds, libraries, schools, childcare centers, public restrooms, and other public facilities . •Implement the City’s 2018 cultural plan by promoting the value of “ placemaking,” “Place and Identity,” and the “Civic Commons.”
Promote Healthy Food Access
• Identify gaps in healthy food access, expand access to local healthy food to reduce food insecurity.
• Support local agriculture and equitable food production, for example by promoting community gardens.
• Address the overconcentration of unhealthy retail (liquor stores, tobacco retailers). 18 Reduce Barriers to Civic Engagement
• Eliminate cultural and language barriers.
• Promote broad and balanced participation and increase representation in government.
• Support participatory budgeting.
• Promote cultural competence.
• Increase opportunities for youth.
Prioritize Improvements in EJ Communities
• Reduce economic inequities by targeting growth to build wealth in communities harmed by disinvestment, segregation and generational denial of opportunity.
• Promote clean, green jobs with focus on job training and opportunities for Black Americans, Indigenous peoples, Immigrants, and formerly incarcerated. • Prioritize historically underserved areas for infrastructure improvements. • Implement projects identified by existing residents in EJ Communities as funds become available.
19 Wrap Up & Next
Steps
Feedback Requested
• Policy Direction: Key Goals Needed To Address Environmental Justice Issues and Advance Equitable Processes For Integrating Climate Resilience And Public Safety Strategies to address
• Key Issues: Emerging environmental justice issues and issues related to natural and human-made hazards.
• Policy Gaps: Current policy gaps related to environmental justice issues and issues related to natural and human-made hazards. • Racial Equity: How can the City more intentionally address racial equity or needs of vulnerable communities through these policies? 21 Next Steps
22 SPRING 2022
LAYING THE GROUNDWORK
SUMMER & FALL 2022
REVIEW & CO-DESIGN
WINTER 2022 AND SPRING
2023
EVALUATE, REFINE, & ADOPT
Collect and uplift known
issues, key data, proposed
solutions, goals and polices
from current and past City
adopted plans and
community-led planning
initiatives
Not Starting From Scratch:Review existing EJ and Safety goals and policies: What is working well?
Identify Gaps: Where are there gaps? Where is improvement needed?
Co-Design: Develop Draft EJ and Safety Goals, Objectives, Policies, and Programs. Develop comprehensive industrial lands study and recommendations for policy development.
Assess Impacts and Tradeoffs
Public Draft Release of EJ and
Safety Elements in January
2023
Ongoing Engagement for
General Plan Update
FOCUSED COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT: FOCUS GROUPS, NEIGHBORHOOD
WORKSHOPS, STAKEHOLDER INTERVIEWS, SURVEYS, CULTURAL EVENTS,
POP-UPS, & PRESENTATIONS AT NEIGHBORHOOD COUNCILS
All Community Events and Public Meetings: oaklandca.gov/topics/meetings-and-events
LEARN MORE
To learn more about the General Plan Update, visit the website below and sign up for updates:
bit.ly/OaklandGPU