HISTORICAL RESOURCE
EVALUATION FOR
664 HADDON ROAD,
CITY OF OAKLAND,
COUNTY OF ALAMEDA,
CALIFORNIA
February 2019
PREPARED FOR
Kaiser Permanente
825 Colorado Boulevard, Suite 222
Los Angeles, CA 90041
PREPARED BY
SWCA Environmental Consultants
51 W. Dayton Street
Pasadena, CA 91105
Attachment C
Attachment B
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Historical Resource Evaluation for
664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Prepared for
Skyler Denniston
Kaiser Permanente
825 Colorado Boulevard, Suite 222
Los Angeles, CA 90041
Prepared by
Nelson White, M.S.H.P.
and
Stacy Farr, M.S.
SWCA Environmental Consultants
51 W. Dayton Street
Pasadena, CA 91105
(626) 240-0587
www.swca.com
Contact
Nelson White, M.S.H.P.
Project Manager
[email protected]
SWCA Project No. 49648
SWCA CRRD No. 18-352
February 25, 2019
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Purpose and Scope: Kaiser Permanente retained SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) to prepare a Historical Resource Evaluation (HRE) for the property (Assessor Parcel No. [APN] 23-430-1) located at 664 Haddon Road (subject property) in the City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California. This HRE includes the following: 1) the results of a cultural resource records search and literature review, 2) an intensive-level built environment survey, 3) a site history, and 4) an evaluation to determine if the property is eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), listing in the California Register of Historical Resources (CR.HR), and/or designation as a City of Oakland Historic Property, and therefore constitutes an historical resource for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The methodology for this HRE complies with best professional practices.
Dates of Investigation: SWCA requested a California Historical Resources Information System (ClJRIS) records search (within a 350-foot radius) at the Northwest Jnfrirmation Center (NWJC) at Sonoma State University on April 25, 2018. SWCA conducted an intensive-level survey of the subject property on April 19, 2018, and completed archival research in April 2018.
Survey Findings: The CHRIS records search (within the 350-foot radius) identified no previously recorded and evaluated resources and no previous cultural resource studies. 664 Haddon Road is eligible for the NRHP and the CRHR under Criteria A/1 because it is directly associated with the development of the Kaiser Permanente health care system; under Criteria All because it is directly associated with the development of the innovative care center Clausen House: under Criteria B/2 because it is directly associated with the significant American industrialist Henry J. Kaiser; under Criteria C/3 as a property that embodies the distinctive characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Revival style of architecture; and under Criteria C/3 as the work of a locally-recognized master architect. William E. Schirmer. The property would also be considered a contributor to a Haddon llill/Lakemont historic district, which, based on a windshield survey and limited research conducted for this report. appears to be eligible for the NRHP and CRHR under Criteria A/1 for its association with the development of City Beautiful-style planned residential subdivisions in Oakland, and under Criteria C/3 for its concentration of architect-designed, large- and moderate-scale single-family homes. Overall, the periods of significance for the property under these various themes of significance are 1924-1946 and 1966-1977. Although the property has undergone a series of alterations, all but one known-completed alterations were commissioned by Henry J. Kaiser, and took place during the property's periods of significance.
Additionally, the majority of the alterations are located at secondary far,:ades of the property, leaving the most significant character-defining foatures of the property intact. For these reasons, the property retains amply sufficient integrity to convey its historic significance. Finally, using an evaluative framework established by the City of Oakland, the property is eligible for Oakland Designated Historic Property status. with a rating of "A 1,'' indicating that it is a building of highest importance, located in an area of primary importance. For these reasons, the property will be considered a historic resource for the purposes of CEQA.
Disposition of Data: The final Historical Resources Evaluation and any subsequent related reports will be submitted to Kaiser Permanente; copies will be retained by SWCA 's Pasadena, California, office. All field notes, photographs, and records related to the current study are also on tile at the SWCA Pasadena office.
SWCA Environmental Consultants
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road. City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California
CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE s·uMMARY ····················································································································· .... I I. INTR(lDUCTl()N ................................................................................................................................ 1 PR()PERTY L()CA Tl()N ...................................................................................................................... 1 II. CURR.ENT HISTORIC STA.'f"US ....................................................................................................... 1 Ill. ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTl()N ................................................................................................ 5 INTR(JDlJCTl()N .................................................................................................................................. 5 EXTERIOR ............................................................................................................................................. 5 INTERIC)R ........................................................................................................................................... 22 SI.TE .................................................................................................................................................... 46 SS rTING ............................................................................................................................................. 50 IV. HISTORIC AND NEIGHBORHOOD CONTEXT ......................................................................... 55 DEVELOPMENT OF THE HADDON HILL/LAKEMONT SUBDIVISION ................................... 55 LANDSCAPE ENGINEER: MARK R. DANIELS (1881-1952) ........................................................ 62 V. ARCHIT.E(:TURAL C()NTEXT ...................................................................................................... 64 IT ALI.AN RENAISSANCE REVIVAL, 1890-1935 ............................................................................ 64 ARCHITECT: WILLIAM E. SCHIRMER (1889-I 957) ..................................................................... 65 VI. .KAIS.ER ............................................................................................................................................... 66 HENRY .I. KAISER ............................................................................................................................. 66 MA YO CLINIC FOR THE COMMON MAN .................................................................................... 70 VII. SITE HISTC)RY .............................................................................................................................. 71 VIII. EV ALlJATION ................................................................................................................................ 80 NRHP AND CR.HR ELIGIBILITY ..................................................................................................... 80 CITY OF OAKLAND DESIGNATED HISTORIC PROPERTY ELIGIBILITY .............................. 82 PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANCE OVERVIEW ...................................................................................... 86 INTEGRIT.Y ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................... 87 CHARACTER-DEFINING FEATURES ............................................................................................ 89 DISTRICT EVAl .. ,lJATI.ON ................................................................................................................. 91 IX. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................... 93 REF:E:RENC:ES (;ITEi) ............................................................................................................................ 94 Figures
Figure 1. Project vicinity map, I :800,000 scale ........................................................................................... v SWCA Environmental Consultants ii
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 2. Project location on the USGS 7.5-minute quadrangle, Oakland East. California ........................ 3 :Figure 3. Project location on 2016 aerial photography with local streets. I :4,000 scale .. ............ ............... 4 Figure 4. Overview of primary (west) far;ade at 664 Haddon Road, v iew east (SWCA. 2018) ................. 7 Figure 5. Detail ofcompound staircase, view east (SWCA, 2018) ................................ .............................. 7 :Figure 6. Detail of basement level left of staircase on primary (west) fai;:ade, view northeast (SWCA, 2018) ............................................................................................. ....................................... 8 Figure 7. Detail of basement level right of staircase on primary (west) fai;:ade. view southeast (SWCA, 2018) .................................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 8. Primary entrance, view southeast (SWCA, 2018 ) ........................................................................ 9 Figure 9. First-floor windows flanking the primary entrance, view southeast (SWCA, 2018) ................... 9 :Figure 10. Detail of first-floor windows at far left. view no1iheast (SWCA. 2018) .. ................................ 10 Figure 11. Detail offirsHloor windows at far right, view east (SWCA, 2018) . ....................................... I 0 :Figure 12. Detai I of second-floor windows, view east (S WCA, 2018) ...................................................... 1 I Figure 13. Detail of second-floor windows at far left, including view of beveled corner profile and roof finials, view southeast (SWCA, 2018) .... .................................................................................. 11 Figure 14. Overview of north fai;:ade, view south (SWCA, 2018) ............................................................. 13 Figure 15. Detail of basement-level entrance to the right of the chimney. view south (SWCA, 2018) ..................................... ............................................................................................................ 14 Figure 16. Detail of brick chimney. view south (S WCA, 2018) ................................................................ 14 Figure 17. Detail of the east-facing facet of the primary volume of the house. view west (SWCA, 2018) ................................................................................................................................................. 15 Figure 18. Left portion of the north fai;:ade, showing the recessed volume of the garage, view south (SWCA, 2018) .................................................................................................................................. 15 Figure 19. Detail of side entry at the junction ofthe two volumes, view west (SWCA, 2018) ................. 16 Figure 20. Detail of side entry door: circular rondels in leaded glass window and wrought iron "K" (SWCA, 2018) .................................................................................................................................. 16 Figure 21. Detail of perimeter wall at east boundary, ceiling in front of garage and garage door, view southeast (SWCA., 2018) ......................................................................................................... 17 Figure 22. Overview of south fac;ade. view north (SWCA. 2018) ............................................................. 19 Figure 23. Detail of left portion of south fac;ade, view no11h (SWCA, 2018) ............................................ 20 Figure 24. Detail of north portion of south favade, view north (SWCA. 2018) ........................................ 20 Figure 25. Oblique view of rear (east) fai;:ade, including chimney, view southwest (SWCA. 2018) . ...... 21 Figure 26. As-Built plan of basement floor, 2017 (Revel Architecture & Design) ........................ ........... 22 Figure 27. Basement vestibule. view 11011hwest (SWCA, 2018) ............................................................... 23 Figure 28. Open-plan room in the apartment, view southwest (SWCA, 2018) .. ....................................... 23 Figure 29. Steel cabinet in basement storage room, view east (SWCA, 2018) .......................................... 24 :Figure 30. As-Built plan of first floor, 2017 (Revel Architecture & Design) ............................................ 26 Figure 31. Primary entrance and closets in the foyer. view west (S WCA. 20 I 8) ...................................... 27 Figure 32. Primary staircase in foyer, view east (SWCA, 2018) ............................................................ ... 27 Figure 33. Living room, view north from foyer (SWCA, 2018) ...................................................... .......... 28 Figure 34. Detail of fireplace, view north (SWCA, 2018) ......................................................................... 28 Figure 35. Dining room, view north from breakfast room (SWCA, 2018) ................................................ 29 Figure 36. Breakfast room, view south from dining room (SWCA, 2018) ................................................ 29 SWCA Environmental Consultants iii
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 37. Kitchen. view south from service corridor (SWCA, 2018) ... ............................................ ....... 30 Figure 38. Service corridor. view nmth from kitchen (SWCA, 2018) ...................................................... . 30 Figure 39. Exterior service corridor between garage (left) and dwelling (right). view south from vestibule (SWCA, 2018) ..................................................................... ............................................. 31 Figure 40. Vestibule. view south from exterior doorway (S WCA, 2018) ... .............................................. 32 Figure 41. Garage, view south (SWCA, 2018) ..................... ................................ ........ ............................. 33 Figure 42. Garage, view north (SWCA. 2018) . ......................................................................................... 33 Figure 43. Second-floor plan (Revel Architecture & Design) . .................................................... .............. 35 Figure 44. Second-floor landings, view east (SWCA. 20 I 8) .................................................................. ... 36 Figure 45. Northwest bedroom, view northwest (SWCA, 2018) ............................................................... 37 Figure 46. Northeast bedroom, view northeast (SWCA, 2018) ....................................... ................ .......... 37 Figure 47. Hallway bathroom, view north (SWCA, 2018) ................................................................. ....... 38 Figure 48. Hallway bathroom, view northeast (SWCA, 2018) .................................................................. 38 Figure 49. Master bedroom, view southeast (SWCA, 2018) .................. ................................................... 39 Figure 50. Master bath, view northeast from master bedroom (SWCA.2018) ................ .. ....................... 39 Figure 51. Sunroom, view southeast (SWCA, 2018) ................................................................................. 40 Figure 52. Sunroom, view west (S WCA, 2018) . ....................................................................................... 40 Figure 53. Master closet, vie\v east from sunroom (SWCA, 2018) ........................................................... 41 figure 54. Library. view west (S WCA. 2018) ........................................................................................... 42 Figure 55. Library, view east (SWCA, 2018) ....... .............................................................. ...................... . 42 Figure 56. East bedroom, view north (S WCA, 2018) .................. .............................................................. 43 Figure 57. Bathroom off east bedroom, view southeast (SWCA, 2018) ................................................ .... 43 Figure 58. Solarium. view north from stair landing (SWCA, 2018) .......................................................... 44 Figure 59. Solarium, view south toward stair landing (S WCA, 2018 ) ...................................................... 44 Figure 60. Back (east) end of stair landing. view north from library (SWCA, 2018) ................................ 45 Figure 61. East property boundary, brick and wood fence. View southeast (SWCA.2018) ..................... 47 Figure 62. Front (west) yard. vegetation and retaining wall. View east (SWCA.2018) ........................ ... 47 Figure 63. South yard, balustrade and fountain. view 1101thwest (SWCA, 2018) ................................... ... 48 Figure 64. South yard, retaining wall and flagstone steps. View east (SWCA.2018) .............................. 48 Figure 65. Detail of patio of breakfast room. view north (SWCA.2018) .................. ................................ 49 Figure 66. Detail of upper patio south of garage. view north (SWCA, 2018) ............... ............................ 49 Figure 67.Overview of Haddon Road. view south from Hillgirt Circle (SWCA, 2018) . .......................... 51 Figure 68. Overview of Haddon Road, view north from Prospect Avenue (S WCA, 2018) .. .. .................. 51 Figure 69. View of the forn1er grand staircase entrance to Haddon Hill, view north from the intersection of Haddon Road and Hillgirt Circle (SWCA, 20 I 8) ..................................................... 52 Figure 70. 643 Hillgirt Circle, neighbor to the west of subject prope1iy, view northwest.
Constructed circa 1922 (SWCA, 2018) ............................................ ................................................ 53 Figure 71. 639 Haddon Road, southwest of the subject property, view west. Constructed circa 1926 (S-WCA, 2018) .......................................... ... .................. .......................................................... 53 Figure 72. 614 Haddon Road. south of the subject property, view northeast. Constructed circa 1914 (SWCA, 2018) ............................ ................ ........ .............................................................................. 54 SWCA Environmental Consultants iv
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 73. Haddon Hill tract. subdivided 1912. Subject property shaded in gray (U.C. Berkeley Libraries) .......................................................................................................................................... 58 Figure 74. Grand staircase entrance to Haddon Hill, circa 1913. Note the puma sculpture on top of the pedestal. (Oakland Public Library History Room. Peralta Heights neighborhood file.) ........... 59 Figure 75. 636 Hillgi11 Circle, view n011hwest. Designed by Leonard Cooke, also attributed to Julia Morgan, constructed 1912 (SWCA, 2018) .............................................................................. 60 Figure 76. 662 Kenwyn Road, view southeast. Designed by Charles W. Dickey, constructed 1914 (SWCA, 2018) .................................................................................................................................. 60 Figure 77. 609 Kenwyn Road, view west. Designed by Sidney and Noble Newsome, constructed 1928 (SWCA, 2018) ......................................................................................................................... 61 Figure 78. Aerial photograph of Haddon Hill, 1939. Tract and subject property (Lot l) outlined in white (Environmental Data Resources) ............................................................................................ 62 Figure 79. 664 Haddon Road. as depicted in the 1928 Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps of Oakland (Sanborn Fire Insurance Map Company 1928 - volume 4. sheets 420, 421, 437, 438). Subject property shaded in gray .................................................................................................................... 79 Tables
Table 1. Building Permits on File with City of Oakland, Department of Planning and Building .............. 78 Appendices
Appendix A. Regulatory Setting
Appendix B. Research and Field Methodology
Appendix C: Historic and Neighborhood Context: Oakland
Appendix D. Resumes of Key Staff
Appendix E. California Department of Parks and Recreation 523-Serics Forms Appendix F: City of Oakland Evaluation Sheet for Landmark Eligibility SWCA Environmental Consultants V
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1-/istorical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California I. INTRODUCTION
Purpose and Scope: Kaiser Permanente retained SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) to prepare a Historical Resource Evaluation (HRE) for the property (Assessor Parcel No. [APN] 23-430-1) localed at 664 Haddon Road (subject property) in the City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California. This HRE includes the following: l ) the results of a cultural resource records search and literature review, 2) an intensive-level built environment survey, 3) a site history, and 4) an evaluation to determine if the property is eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), listing in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR), and/or designation as a City of Oakland Historic Property, and therefore constitutes a historical resource for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The methodology for this HRE complies with best professional practices.
SWCA Architectural Historians Nelson White and Stacy Farr prepared this evaluation. Mr. White has a master's degree in Historic Preservation and Ms. Farr has a master's degree in Architectural History. Both meet and exceed the Secretary of the Interior's Professional Qualifications Standards (PQS) for Architectural History. Resumes of key staff follow this report as Appendix A.
Property Location
The subject property is in the Cleveland Heights section of the City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California (Figures 1-3). The property occupies a roughly rectangular O.l 89-acre parcel on the east side of Haddon Road, between Prospect Avenue on the south and Hillgirt Circle on the north. The parcel consists of Lot 1 and 25 feet of the south adjacent Lot 2 in the Haddon Hill tract.
II. CURRENT HISTORIC STATUS
The subject propetiy al 664 Haddon Road is not listed individually in the NRHP, CRHR, or designated as a City of Oakland Historic Property. The properly is also not located within a designated Historic District.
The California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS) records search indicated that the subject property has been previously recorded and evaluated as part of the Oakland Cultural Heritage Survey's reconnaissance survey of the Haddon Hill District in September 1996. 1 The survey found that the district, composed of •'domestic/single dwelling[s],'' appeared to be potentially eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. 664 Haddon Road was assigned a preliminary rating of C 1 +, meaning it was found lo be of "secondary importance" and a "contributor'' to a '·National Register quality district.''2 Of the 114 buildings surveyed within the Haddon Hill District, 4 were rated A or 8 (highest or major importance), 44 were rated C (secondary importance), 59 were rated D (minor importance), and 7 were rated E (of no particular interest. modernized, or too recent to be rated). Fmihermore. the survey found that 99 out of those 114 buildings "appear to contribute to the district's significance." 1 Oakland Cultural Heritage Survey. "HD! ..... Haddon Hill District, HRI# 4623-3511-9999." Form DPR 523, Deparlmenl of Purks and Recreation. The Resources Age1wy. State of California. September 30, 1996. 2 "Historical and Architectural Rating System," Historic Preservation. Planning and Building, City of Oakland. http://www2.oaklandnet.com/government/o/PB N/OurServ ices/Historic/DO WD00915 5.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California ·--··· ········----,---
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Ill. ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION
Introduction
The property features a two-story-over-raised-basement, single-family dwelling clad in stucco and capped with a hipped roof covered in red tile. The Italian Renaissance Revival-style residence was constructed in 1924 and is wood-frame construction. The 5,000-square-foot dwelling has a generally rectangular footprint and is located on an 8,056-square-Ji..1ot lot at the southeast corner of the intersection of Haddon Road and Hillgirt Circle. The primary (west) fac;:ade of the residence features a narrow setback from Haddon Road and the rear ( east) is flush with the lot line. North and south side yards arc small. The property features mature vegetation. Due to the topography of the site, the building sits approximately 12 feet above street grade. All fenestration is \Vood unless otherwise noted. The architectural description begins with the primary (west) fac;:ade. continues to the north and south fac;:adcs. and ends with the rear ( east) fac;:ade.
Exterior
Primary (West) Fa9ade
The primary (west) fac;:ade faces west onto Haddon Road and is generally symmetrically composed, with a broad c entral volume flanked by narrower, slightly recessed volumes (Figure 4 ). 3 A compound concrete staircase provides access from the street to the house. composed of a straight stair: an intermediate landing with a niche f(rnntain; paired dog-leg stairs with half-space landings; and a broad entry-level landing (Figures 4-5). The staircase is trimmed with a centrally located wrought-iron railing in the straight stair. low stucco cheek wal1s. square stucco posts, and stucco railings supported by a balustrade of simplified urn-shaped balusters.
Left of the stair, the basement level is partially above grade and further exposed by a concrete-finished areaway, and includes four naJTow, vertically oriented three-lite casement windows, recessed within the thickness of the fac;:ade with exaggerated sills (Figure 6). Three of these windows are at the primary volume of the house, while one is below the entry landing. Right of the stair, a similar arcaway includes three small vertically oriented vented openings (Figure 7).
The primary entrance is located at the center of the first-floor level and consists of an arched eight-panel wood door located within an arched recess (Figure 8). The arched recess is ornamented by stucco quoins and enclosed by a wrought-iron scroll-work security gate. The entrance is lit by a globe pendant lamp with amber-colored glass and flanked by wrought-iron sconce lamps with amber-colored glass.
The primary entrance is flanked on both sides at the first-floor level by a pair of full-height, four-lite French casement windows (Figure 9). These windows are slightly recessed within the thickness of the fayade and have exaggerated sills; each window is surmounted by a recessed blind lunette. and window pairs are trimmed together at their upper perimeter with molded cornices.
At far left, the first-floor level includes two non-original full-height, arched, undivided fixed windows within original openings, slightly recessed within the thickness of the fayade with simple wood sills.
These windows are also trimmed together at their upper perimeter with molded cornices. and further ornamented together by a wrought-iron balconette (Figure I 0). At far right, the first-floor level includes two pairs of full-height. arched, four-lite French casement windows (Figure I 1). These windows arc also slightly recessed within the thickness of the fac;:ade with simple wood sills and are trimmed together at their upper perimeter with molded cornices.
3 The footprint of the building: at 664 Haddon Road is rotated clockwise approximately fifteen degrees from cardinal directions: cardinal directions are used throughout this report for clarity and simplification.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California The second-floor level of the primary (west) fayade continues the largely symmetrical arrangement fr)Und at the first-floor level. At center, above the primary entrance, there are full-height, three-lite French ca5ement windows which open onto a small balcony with a wrought-iron railing and balustrade (Figure 12). This centra l window is flanked at the second-floor level by two pairs of three-lite French casement windows, which are slightly recessed within the thickness of the fai;:ade with exaggerated sills.
At far left, the second-floor level includes three, arched, six-lite casement windows, trimmed together with wood molding which gives the appearance of engaged pilasters, and with simple raised circular moldings within their spandrel panels (Figure 13). This same window arrangement is repeated at the far right of the second-floor level. The corners of the second story feature a beveled profile. The primary fa<;:ade terminates with a molded cornice and moderate eave overhang: there are wood ball-cap finials at the roof corners.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road. City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 4. Overview of primary (west) fagade at 664 Haddon Road, view east (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 5. Detail of compound staircase, view east (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 6. Detail of basement level left of staircase on primary (west) fa�ade, view northeast (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 7. Detail of basement l evel right of staircase on primary (w est) fa�ade, view southeast (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 8. Primary entrance,
view southeast (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 9. First-floor windows flankingihe prfrnary entrance, view southeast (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 10. Detail of first-floor windows at far left, view northeast (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 11. Detail of first-floor windows at far right, view east (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 12. Detail of second-floor windows, view east (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 13. Detail of second-floor windows at far left, including view of beveled corner profile and roof finials, view southeast (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, C alifornia North Fa�ade
The north fa<;ade faces onto Hillgirt Circle and is asymmetrically arranged, with the primary volume of the house at right (including north-facing and east-facing facets). and a recessed volume al left (Figure 14).
At the north-facing facet of the primary volume of the house, the basement level is at grade due to the slope of the lot, and includes, at far right, a two-panel wood pedestrian entrance, scored at the upper panel to form t he letter •'H" (Figure 15). The north-facing facet is dominated by an oversized brick chimney, ornamented by decorative brickwork, which narrows in several steps as it ascends from the ground level lo above the roofline (Figure 16 ).
The chimney is flanked at the first-floor level by full-height, arched, four-lite French casement windows, slightly recessed within the thickness of the fai;acle with simple wood sills, trimmed at their upper perimeter with molded cornices, and further ornamented by simple wrought-iron balconettes (Figure I 6).
The chimney is flanked on both sides at the second-floor level by a pair of six-lite, arched, casement windows, which continue in the motif established at the far left of the second-floor level of the primary fa<;ade (Figure 16 ).
At the east-facing facet of the north fa<;ade. the first-floor level features two full-height, arched. four-lite French casement windows, slightly recessed within the thickness of the fai;ade with simple wood sills, trimmed together at their upper perimeter with a molded cornice. At the second-floor level, three, arched, six-lite casement windows continue in the motif established at the primary fai;ade and the north-facing facet of the n01th fa<;ade. At both the nu1th-facing and east-facing facets, the corners of the second-floor level have beveled profiles, and the fa,;ade terminates with a molded cornice and moderate eave overhang. There are ball-cap finials al the roof corners (Figure 17).
At the left portion of the no1th facade, the recessed volume is accessed from Hillgirt Circle by a two-lane concrete driveway, trimmed at its right side by a simple wrought-iron handrail with wrought-iron posts (Figure 18). At the first-floor level, an entrance at the junction of the two volumes is recessed beneath the second floor above and accessed via a brick landing with two brick steps with a curved profile and a wrought-iron handrail (Figure I 9). The arched entry door is fully glazed with leaded circular glass panes and is ornamented by a decorative wrought-iron grate which includes the letter '·K" (Figure 20). The entry door accesses an enclosed vestibule paved in ceramic brick in a basket-weave pattern, and lit by two full height, arched, undivided fixed windows ornamented with the same wrought-iron grate found at the door.
The remainder of the first-floor level is spanned by the garage, which is further recessed under the second floor above. The ceiling is ornamented by dropped stucco-clad beams that are spanned by arches and, in places, groin arches, and supported at far left by square stucco posts topped varyingly by molded cornices and scrolled brackets (Figures I 9 and 21 ). The square posts abut the east lot line and are infilled by brick half-walls topped by wood pickets with floral cut-outs. The wide, articulated overhead garage door is unpainted wood and shows a molded, six-pointed star pattern.
Above the garage, the non-original second-floor level (added 1936, I 940-1941) includes a large, arched, steel-sash, six-part window group, with a large fixed central pane flanked by narrow casements, surmounted by three fixed panes. This window group is slightly recessed within the thickness of the fa,;:ade with simple wood sills, trimmed at its upper perimeter with a molded cornice, and further ornamented by a simple wrought-iron balconette (Figure 18). Right of this window, the fa9ade. is slightly recessed and includes two s.ix-lite, arched, French casement windows with simple wood sills, trimmed together at their upper perimeter with wood molding. The fa,;ade terminates with a band of flat wood molding and flush eaves.
SWCA Environmental Consultants 12
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road. City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 14. OveNiew of north fayade, view south (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 15. Detail of basement-level
entrance to the right of the chimney,
view south (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 16. Detail of brick chimney,
view south (SWCA, 2018).
SWCA Environmental Consultants 14
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California ·Figure 17. Detail of the east-facing facet
of the primary volume of the house,
view west (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 18. Left portion of the north fa9ade,
showing the recessed volume of the garage,
view south (SWCA, 2018).
SWCA
Environmental Consultants 15
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 19. Detail of side entry at the junction of the two volumes, view west (SWCA, 2018).
SWCA Environmental Consultants
Figure 20. Detail of side entry door:
circular rondels in leaded glass window
and wrought iron "K" (SWCA, 2018).
16 Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 21. Detail of perimeter wall at east boundary, ceiling in front of garage and garage door, view southeast (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California South Fa�ade
The south fac;:ade faces onto a small terraced side yard, and like the north fac;:ade is asymmetrically arranged, with the primary volume of the house at left (including south-facing and east-facing facets) and a recessed volume at right (Figure 22).
At the south-facing facet of the primary volume of the house, the first-floor level includes a canted bay at far Iel1, with a fully glazed door at its center facet and full-height, six-lite fixed windows at its side facets, capped by a hipped roof. The door opens onto a scored concrete patio with a hexagonal footprint (Figure 23). Right of the canted bay there are two non-original metal sliding windows, one of which is located at the far right of the fac;:ade. Between these windows, a large wrought-iron sconce lamp with amber-colored glass is affixed to the fac;:ade. The second-floor level overhangs the first slightly, largely due to the thickness of applied stucco, and includes two centrally located, eight-lite, full-height arched casement windows ornamented by a wrought-iron balconette, flanked on each side by a pair of six-lite, arched casement windows, which continue in the motif established at the far right of the second-floor level of the primary fw;:ade. The far-right side of the second-floor level has some variation in the fac;:ade profile, and a chamfered profile at its corner.
At the east-facing facet of the primaiy volume of the house, the first-floor level includes a non-original metal sliding window at the far left and a large wrought-iron sconce lamp with amber-colored glass at the center (Figure 22). The second-floor level includes three six-lite, arched casement windows, which continue the motif established at the primary fa<;ade and the south-facing facet of the south fai;,ade. At both the south-facing and east-facing facets, the corners of the second-floor level have engaged pilasters with beveled profiles, and the fa;:ade terminates with a molded cornice and moderate cave overhang.
There are ball-cap finials at the roof corners and a stucco-clad chimney rises from the ridgeline of the hipped roof.
At the right portion of the south fac;:ade, the recessed volume includes a wrought-iron and Plexiglass entry gate at left, which accesses an enclosed passageway between the house and the garage (Figure 24). Left of this door, at the junction of the two volumes of the south fac;:ade, a square volume includes non-original metal sliding windows at both facets. Right of the door, there is a band of seven eight-lite casement windows. At the non-original second-floor level, a semicircular tower projects from the junction of the two volumes and has a large glass-block window. Right of this tower, there is a large, arched, steel-sash, six-part window group, with a large fixed central pane flanked by narrow casements, surmounted by three fixed panes. At the far right there is a half-glazed single-panel wood door, accessed by a non-original wood open-riser stair with wood handrail which rises from the ground-floor level from left to right. This portion of the south fac;:ade terminates with a shallow eave overhang: the portion of the fa;:ade above the window group rises in a gabled profile trimmed with red tile.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 22. Overview of south fa9ade, view north (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 23. Detail of left portion of south fa9ade, view north (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 24:Detail of north portion of south fa9ade,
view north (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Rear (East) Facade
The rear (east) fac;ade is flush with the east lot line and was viewed obliquely during a site visit (Figure 25). The fa�ade has no fenestration and terminates with a flush roofline, above which rises a stucco-clad chimney.
-Figure 25. Oblique view of rear (ea,stf fayade, including chimney, view southwest (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Interior
The interior of 664 Haddon Road includes basement, first-, and second-floor levels. Access between the basement and first-floor levels is provided by a straight stair, while access between the first- and second floor levels is provided by a double-return stair with two upper landings. Both staircases are located at the center of the house. All interior wall finishes are smooth painted plaster unless otherwise noted.
Basement
The basement is excavated at the north side of the house and is accessed from the first-floor level via the straight wood stair and from the exterior of the north side of the house by a pedestrian door. (See Figure 26 for the As-Built floor plan.) At the bottom of the stair there is a vestibule with four wood doors (Figure 27). Three of these doors lead to storage rooms and closets, and one leads to a finished apartment ( 1936), situated at the north side of the house. The apartment includes an open-plan room, a kitchen, and a bathroom, and is lit on three sides by basement-level windows (Figure 28). The stair, the walls of the vestibule, and the apartment are finished in unpainted vertical wood paneling with some decorative trim elements. The storage room at the west side of the house includes a steel cabinet with steel doors and is otherwise minimally finished in concrete and exposed post and beams (Figure 29). , -- .J · -�- t- �ti. �-h,it,tU4ffl;�f#'l!l:
"�4,i,t_,,..&tjftj'«r ···••<••·-��-----�
Figure 26. As-Built plan of basement floor, 2017 (Revel Architecture & Design).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 27. Basement vestibule,
view northwest (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 28. Open-plan room in the apartment,
view southwest (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 29. Steel cabinet in basement storage room, view east (SWCA, 2018), SWCA Environmental Consultants 24
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California First-Floor Level
At the first-floor leveL the primary entrance opens onto a foyer and is flanked by narrow coat closets with single-panel wood doors (Figure 31 ). (See Figure 30 for As-Built floor plan.) The hall has a groin-vaulted ceiling with rib crown molding which comes down around the primary entry to tcJrm corner pillars with decorative capitals. The hall is lit by a globe pendant lamp with amber glass.
Left and right of the primary entrance, the foyer lets on through broad arched openings to the living room and dining room, respectively. Opposite the primary entrance, the foyer is framed by chamfered pilasters with compound cornices, beyond which the primary staircase leads up to the second-floor level. The lowest two steps of the stair have a broad, curved profile and the stair has a brass handrail with a floral and curlicue balustrade. Right of the stair, the foyer includes two arched eight-panel wood doors, both set within the thickness of the walls: one leads to a small bathroom with completely modernized finishes and fixtures, and the other leads to the service circulation c01Tidor at the rear of the house. Baseboards in the hall are tall and molded and are interrupted by ventilation grates, and the wood flooring is trimmed by simple border. This baseboard and flooring arrangement continues throughout the house unless otherwise noted.
The living room is located to the left (no1th) of the foyer and is lit on three sides by full-height arched windows (Figure 33). A fireplace at the north wall is built out from the wall with a stepped profile, and is framed by stone and has a wood mantle (Figure 34). The room has crown moldings. which continue throughout the house unless othenvise noted, and typical flooring and baseboards, though ventilation grates are located above, rather than at, the baseboards in this room.
The dining room is located to the right (south) of the entry hall and is lit on the west side by full-height arched windows as well as a multi-light pendant lamp at the center of the room (Figure 35). A large rectangular niche in the east wall may have historically accommodated a piece of furniture or built-in cabinetry. This room has typical flooring. baseboards, and crown molding, above which the ceiling has a slightly stepped coved profile.
The east wall includes an arched paneled door which leads to the kitchen. The south side of the dining room opens onto a breakfast room (Figure 36). The breakfast room is lit at its west by full-height arched windows and at its south by a canted bay with a fully glazed door and full-height windows. The breakfast room has a centrally located pendant lamp and includes the typical baseboard, flooring, and crown molding.
The kitchen is located at the southeast corner of the first-floor level of the house and currently does not have appliances or cabinetry, as planned construction of a new kitchen was halted (Figure 37). The kitchen is lit by aluminum sash windows at its south and east walls. There is a full-height glass-brick window at the northwest corner of the kitchen which provides passive lighting to the bathroom located off of the entry hall. The kitchen has wood floors and simple baseboards, and lacks cro\.vn molding. A hollow-core wood door at the north wall of the kitchen lets onto the service circulation corridor. The service circulation corridor (Figure 38) includes an arched paneled door which leads to the entry hall; the basement door; a small metal utility-panel door; a blinded double-hung window at its east wall (which formerly faced the exterior of the building); and a hollow-core metal door on its east wall which leads to an exterior circulation corridor.
East of the service circulation corridor, the hollow-core metal door provides access to an exterior circulation corridor (Figure 39), which is enclosed by rough stucco walls and has a barrel-arched ceiling.
The corridor is lit by metal sconces with globe lamps. This corridor can be accessed at the north by an arched paneled door which leads to the enclosed vestibule and entrance at the north fa�ade of the house (Figure 40), and at the south by a wrought-iron and Plexiglass entry door that leads to the side yard. The exterior circulation corridor leads to the garage along its northeast edge. which is below the grade of the SWCA Environmental Consultants 25
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, Caltfomia corridor, and is accessed via two concrete steps. The garage has a largely scored concrete floor and is lit at its south side by multi-lite casement windows (Figures 41-42). There appears to be a covered-over fireplace on the east wall of the garage, which aligns with the chimney visible at the east fa<;:acle.
Figure 30. As-Built plan of first floor, 2017 (Revel Architecture & Design).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 31. Primary entrance and closets in the foyer, view west (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 32. Primary staircase in foyer,
view east (SWCA, 2018).
SWCA Environmental Consultants 27
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 33. Living room, view north from foyer (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 34. Detail of fireplace, view north (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 35. Dining room, view north from breakfast room (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 36. Breakfast room, view south from dining room (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 37. Kitchen, view south from service corridor (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 38. Servicecorridor,
view north from kitchen (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 39. Exterior service corridor between garage (left) and dwelling (right), view south from vestibule (SWCA,
2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 40. Vestibule, view south from exterior
doorway (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, Californi a Figure 41. Garage, view south (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 42. Garage, view north (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Second-Floor Level
At the second-floor level. the primary staircase leads to a small landing, from which a short straight stair leads to the rear ( east) side of the house, and a one-quarter turn stair leads to the second-floor-level hall at the center of the building (Figure 44). (See As-Built floor plan in Figure 43.) The stairwell and hall are lit by a large scrollwork chandelier with a grapes and grape kaf motif. The hall includes a hollow-core arched wood door which provides access to the library at the south po1iion of the dwelling; another hollow-core arched wood door which provides access to the master bedroom at the southwest portion of the building; two single-panel wood doors which provide access to two large linen closets at the west side of the hall; and an opening and short corridor which provide access to two bedrooms and a shared bathroom on the north side of the building.
The two bedrooms on the north side of the second-floor level are both lit by a mixture of arched and rectangular windows, with operable roll-down screens (Figures 45-46). Each bedroom includes a large cedar-lined closet and has the typical wood floors, molded baseboards, and crown molding. The bedroom at the northeast corner of the second-floor level had a fully glazed door at its east side which leads to the solarium. A small bathroom located in the corridor between the hall and the bedrooms is finished in blue tile and includes all of its original fixtures: the rear wall of the bathroom is finished in glass brick through which the room receives passive lighting from the solarium (Figures 47-48).
The master bedroom is located at the southwest part of the second-floor level and is lit by rectangular windows at the west wall (Figure 49). The master bedroom has the typical floor, baseboards, and crown moldings found elsewhere in the house. The master bath is located on the north side of the master bedroom. It is finished in plaster above green tile and includes all of its original fixtures (Figure 50). The master bathroom is lit by a rectangular window on the west wall.
A broad arched opening at the south wall of the master bedroom is trimmed by cornice moldings and opens onto the sunroom, which is lit by arched casement windows on the west, south, and east sides (Figure 51 ). The sunroom has the typical floors and baseboards, and an exposed beam ceiling. A large affixed mirror at the no1ih wall appears to cover the former location of a fireplace, corresponding with the chimney at the roof(Figure 52). The northeast corner of the sunroom lets onto a walk-in closet at the east side of the building, lit at its east wall by a curved wall of glass blocks (Figure 53).
Paired arched paneled doors on the east wall of the master bedroom lead to the library at the southeast portion of the building. A small anti-chamber at the west side of the room reflects the original footprint of this room, which originally terminated at its east side with a faceted bay profile; this profile is visible in the wood flooring (Figures 54-55). The walls of the library are fully paneled, and the multi-form gabled and vaulted ceiling is coffered with exposed beams. The room is lit by an arched six-lite metal frame window at its south wall and a pendant lamp in the middle of the room. The library can be accessed from many points, including the aforementioned arched doors from the master bedroom; a hollow-core arched wood door from the hall; arched wood doors at the north wall which lead to a small circulation landing; arched wood pocket doors at the far east side of the north wall which lead to a bedroom suite; and paired wood doors at the east wall which lead to a utility area and a short corridor, which leads to a half-glazed door at the south fayade of the dwe11 ing.
At the northeast corner of the second-floor level there is a bedroom suite with folly paneled walls and a coffered ceiling with exposed beams (Figure 56). The room is lit by an arched multi-lite metal window at the north wall and paired fully glazed fixed and sliding doors at the west wall which lead to the solarillm.
The bedroom has large closets on the eac:,t wall and a small bathroom at its southeast corner which .is finished in green tile and has all of its original fixtures (Figure 57). The bathroom is lit by a small double hung window which opens onto an airshaft.
SWCA Environmental Consultants 34
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California At the middle of the north side of the second-floor level there is a solarium, which has plaster walls and a green-tiled floor, and is capped by a metal-seamed hipped roof of translucent safety glass. The solarium is lit by its roof as well as a pair of arched eight-lite casement windows at the north wall separated by a lantern sconce (Figures 58-59). The solarium is accessed from fully glazed doors at its east and west sides, which open onto bedrooms. and from a fully glazed door and large sidelight at its south side, which open onto a small circulation landing. The solarium also includes a glass brick window at its west side which illuminates an interior bathroom.
At the center of the second-floor level there is a small circulation landing (Figure 60). The landing is accessed via the building's main staircase at the west, and opens onto the solarium at its north side and the library at its south side, through paired arched doors. The landing is lit by the solarium door and window, and by a sconce lamp on its west wall, and has a full height mirror at its east wall.
Figure 43. Second-floor plan (Revel Architecture & Design).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 44. Second-floor landings, view east (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 45. Northwest bedroom, view northwest (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 46. Northeast bedroom, view northeast (SWCA; 2018).
SWCA Environmental Consultants 37
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 47. Hallway bathroom,
view north (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 48. Hallway bathroom,
view northeast (SWCA, 2018).
SWCA Environmental Consultants 38
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 49. Master bedroom, view southeast (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 50. Master bath, view northeast
from master bedroom (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 52. Sun room, view west (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 53. Master closet, view east from sunroom
(SWCA, 2018).
SWCA Environmental Consultants 41
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road. City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 54. Library, view west (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 55. Library, view east (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 56. East bedroom,
view north (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 57. Bathroom off east bedroom,
view southeast (SWCA, 2018).
SWCA Environmental Consultants 43
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 58. Solarium, view north from
stair landing (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 59. Solarium, view south toward
stair landing (SWCA, 2018).
SWCA Environmental Consultants 44
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, Cal ifornia Figure 60. Back (east) end of stair landing, view north from library (SWCA, 2018).
SWCA Environmental Consultants 45
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Site
The subject property is located on an 8,056-square-foot lot. The dwelling sits flush with the east lot line and has no rear yard. At the east lot line there is a decorative fence, composed of brick piers and a brick half-wall topped by broad wood pickets with floral cut-outs and a painted wood railing (Figure 61 ). A short. curved concrete driveway provides access from the Hillgirt Circle to the garage; the east side of the driveway is bordered by a low concrete wall, and the west side of the driveway is marked by a wrought iron handrail.
Both the north and west sides of the property include a mixture of bushes, mature trees, and groundcover vegetation. The largest trees on the property are two Douglass Fir trees on the west side, framing the main staircase from the street to the house. A concrete retaining wall borders the property beginning at the right of the main staircase and travelling around the 1101thwest corner of the lot and ending at the driveway (Figure 62 ).
The south side of the prope1ty includes a small terraced yard. The balustrade at the upper landing of the staircase extends south into the side yard and curves outward to create a small promontory. where the balustrade breaks to include a small concrete birdbath (Figure 63). In line with the plane of the primary fa9ade of the house. a low concrete retaining wall is sum10unted by a chain-link fence with a gate that is accessed via three curved steps constructed of flagstone (Figure 64). The chain-link fence is overgrown with vegetation. Behind the fence, the first-floor-level breakfast room opens onto a scored concrete patio with a hexagonal footprint (Figure 65). East of the patio, a short stair leads up to a paved area south of the garage (Figure 66). An unkempt retaining wall separates higher elevation areas of the yard from lower elevation areas. The remainder of the south yard is covered in lawn that is currently largely overgrown.
SWCA Environmental Consultants 46
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 61. East property boundary, brick and wood fence. View southeast (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 62. Front (west) yard, vegetation and retaining wall. View east (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 63. South yard, balustrade and fountain, view northwest (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 64. South yard, retaining wall and flagstone steps, view east (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 65. Detail of patio of breakfast room, view north (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 66. Detail of upper patio south of garage,
view north (SWCA, 2018).
SWCA Environmental Consultants 49
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Setting
The property is located in the Cleveland Heights neighborhood of Oakland. Although the neighborhood includes a mixture of single-family homes and multi-family flats and apartment buildings, the subject property is surrounded by single-family homes (Figures 67-72). The property is prominently sited within the neighborhood: it is almost the highest elevation lot in the neighborhood, and it is directly south across the street from Hillgirt Circle, the former location of the neighborhood's once-grand staircase, which has been largely dismantled and is cu1Tently blocked by a board fence. The homes directly surrounding the subject property reflect the '•villa sites" layout of the Haddon Hill subdivision, designed by prestigious landscape designer Mark Daniels, wherein lots along the main roads were platted wider than they were deep to allow for the construction of large-scale homes with dramatic, impressive primary fai;ades. As detailed elsewhere in this report. home construction took place in two phases within the neighborhood:
from 1912- I 9 I 4, and more robustly from 1920-1928. Architectural styles represented include Tudor Revival, Arts and Crafts, Italian Renaissance Revival, Spanish Colonial Revival, Colonial Revival, and French Eclectic (Figures 70-72). While some houses have undergone exterior alterations, including removal of original windows and insertion of contemporary aluminum or vinyl replacement windows, enclosure of porches, and repainting or resurfacing, overall most houses in the neighborhood retain exceptional integrity and convey their historic appearance.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 67. Overview of Haddon Road, view south from Hillgirt Circle (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 68. Overview of Haddon Road, view north from Prospect Avenue (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 69. View of the former grand staircase entrance to Haddon Hill, view north from the intersection of Haddon Road and Hillgirt Circle (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 70. 643 Hillgirt Circle, neighbor to the west of subject property, view northwest. Constructed circa 1922 (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 71: 639 Haddon Road, southwest of the subject property, ... view west. Constructed circa 1926 (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 72. 614 Haddon Road, south of the subject property, view northeast.
Constructed circa 1914 (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road. City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California IV. HISTORIC AND NEIGHBORHOOD CONTEXT
Development of the Haddon Hill/Lakemont Subdivision
The subject property is located within the Cleveland Heights neighborhood of OaklancL a topographically hilly area east of Lake Merritt bordered by Lakeshore Avenue at the west, E. I 8 th Street at the south, Park Boulevard at the east, and Interstate 580/the MacArthur Freeway at the north. 4 The area, like all of Oakland, was first owned by Luis Maria Peralta and was part of the 16,067 acres that Peralta granted to his son Antonio in 1842. 5 Although it is not known when Antonio Peralta lost ownership of the land that would later be known as Cleveland Heights, the area was annexed to Oakland in November 1872. 6 A Thompson & West map of Oakland drawn in 1877 shows the area completely subdivided into speculative subdivisions including Capital Homestead, 33 Acre Tract, Clinton Mound Tract, and the Watson Tract.
J. B. Watson was the property manager for H. W. Carpenter, one of the founders of Oakland itself. 7 These speculative tracts consists of gridded rectangular blocks and small lots that do not reflect the current streetscape. Boston-born millionaire James C. Jordan, developer of the exclusive residential enclave Jordan Park in San Francisco, reportedly purcha<;ec\ land in this area close to Lake Merritt in l 892; however, the area appeared largely unchanged from 1877 in an 1899 map drawn by William J. Dingee. 8 Steep topography and the lack of public transportation near the east side of Lake Merritt likely combined to hinder residential development in the area prior to the turn of the twentieth century.
James C. Jordan died in 1910, and in 1912, his widow, Jeanette Jordan, published the first map of Haddon Hill, a planned residential subdivision bordered by Wesley Avenue at the west Excelsior (now MacArthur) Avenue at the north, Athol Avenue at the east, and Cleveland Avenue at the south (Figure 73). Represented by agents Wickham Havens, Inc. of Oakland and Newell-Murdoch Co. of Berkeley, the street plan of Haddon Hill was designed by renowned landscape engineer Mark Daniels (more on him to come), a pioneer in the City Beautiful design movement who also designed the Forest Hills subdivision in San Francisco. 9 Daniels provided many characteristic City Beautiful design elements in Haddon Hill, including curvilinear streets. street furniture including fountains, urns and planters, and a broad flight of 140 marble stairs, which led from the intersection of Haddon Road and Hillgirt Circle down to Excelsior (now MacArthur) A venue. At the top of the staircase there was a marble puma designed by prolific sculptor Arthur Putnam (Figure 74). Daniels also incorporated an innovative plan for ·'villa sites'' in Haddon Hill, wherein lots along the main roads were wider than they were deep, allowing the construction of "a spacious domicile" and eliminating any view of the ''usually unsightly" back yard. 10 The subdivision was also reportedly the first in the Bay Area to bury its utility lines in underground conduits. 11 Lots could be purchased for $250, and by 1913 the area was served by two streetcar lines, on Lakeshore A venue and Fourth (now Park) Street. 11
Despite these efforts, a review of construction permits indicates that only half a dozen houses were constructed in Haddon Hill between its subdivision in 1912 and 1914, after which construction halted. 13 4 "Cleveland Heights:· Street Advisor, accessed at https://wv.-w.streetadvisor.com/clevcland-heights-oakland-alameda county•california on May 6, 2018.
1 "Peralta Family History.'' Peralta Hacienda Historical Park website, http://www.peraltahacienda.org/pages/main.php?pageid=69, accessed May 5. 2018. 6 Oakland Annexation map, in the collection of the Oakland Public Library, History Center. 7 Oakland Heritage Alli!lnce, "'Hidden· Haddon Hill, a Meditemmean Gem," Self-published booklet for walking tour, May 20, 1990, 1.
8 ".Jordan Tract is Subdivided_.'' San Francisco Call, September 9. 1912, 16. 9 "Innovation Tried in Select Park," San Francisco Chronicle, September 21, 1912. I I. 10 Ibid.
11 Ed Phillips, Betty Marvin, and Lynn Fonfo, Handout for Oakand Heritage Alliance Walking Tour of Haddon Hill, August 12, 1989.
12 "Haddon Hill, at the Head of Lake Merritt,'' Oakland 11-ibune, advertisement. September 8, 1913, 16. 13 Ed Phillips. Betty Marvin, and Lynn Fonfa.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Homes built during the early years vary in size and style, from the modest Craftsman style bungalow at 538 Haddon Road, to the larger Tudor Revival style home at 646 Haddon Road, to the Arts and Crafts style home at 636 Hillgirt Circle, the permit for which lists Leonard Cooke as the architect, but which is attributed to Julia Morgan in several published monographs about the architect (Figure 76). 14 In 1920, the Fred T. Wood Company purchased Haddon Hill from the heirs of the Jordan estate and renamed it Lakemont. 15 A robust advertising campaign touted the area's underground utilities, wide streets and sidewalks following the natural contour of the land. plantings of rare trees and shrubs, and proximity to Lake Merritt and Park Boulevard. Lots with 40, 60, and 80 feet of street frontage were available, with 60-foot lots offered at $850, reportedly less than half the price formerly asked in Haddon Hill. Restrictive covenants prohibited construction of apartments. flats, sanitariums, or stores, as well as "rigid restrictions as to race and color.'' 16 Lots sold rapidly staiting in September 1920, with early sales going to residents of Oakland, Piedmont. San Francisco, and other California cities including Los Angeles and Bakersfield. 17 Construction began in earnest in the early part of 1921, and in the eight-year period between 1921 and 1928, about 70 percent of the neighborhood was developed. 18 The variation in lot sizes enabled construction of a variety of types of houses, including small bungalows on Kenwyn Road, more spacious two-story homes on Radnor Road, and grand houses on the 600 block of Haddon. Period revival styles dominate the neighborhood, reflecting a broader trend in architecture in the 1920s, when American architects and their clients had interest in and access to travel in Europe. In California, revivalist architectural styles were particularly influenced by the State's Spanish heritage, popularized in part by the 1915 Pan-pacific Exposition in San Diego. This influence is visible in the development of Lakemont, with most homes designed in the Italian Renaissance Revival or Spanish Colonial Revival style, with examples of Tudor Revival and French Eclectic as well.
Characteristic architectural details in the neighborhood include the use of heavy-textured plaster, lending the illusion of thick stone or adobe walls, often capped by tile roof<; or tiled cornices. Many homes feature arches, pilasters, and decorative grilles of iron and wood. Exterior design materials and motifs tend to extend to the interior of these homes, and entry areas often include textured walls, tile floors, and wrought iron details. Other common interior features include exposed ceiling beams (some with Mudajar painting), vaulted ceilings. decorative mantle pieces, and fine craftsmanship of carved or paneled woodwork. 19 Most houses occupy a high percentage of their lots. and enclosed garden patios, garden rooms, and small gardens are common. Many homes in the neighborhood feature interior rooms with special relationships to the outdoors. with porches or windows that capture specific views of Lake Merritt.
Mount Tamalpais, or the East Bay hills. 20
Noted architects who designed houses in Lakemont include Charles W. Dickey (662 Kenwyn Road; 1914), architect of the Claremont Hotel (Figure 77); William E. Schirmer (664 Haddon Road, 1924), who later designed the Alameda County Superior Court building; Sidney and Noble Newsome (609 Kenwyn Road, 1928), designers of many notable Bay Area homes (Figure 78); Douglas Dacre Stone ( 590 Merritt Road, 1928), architect of Oakland Children's Hospital and other hospitals around the Bay Area; and Alfred W. Smith (551 Haddon Road, 1929, and 589 Haddon Road. 1925), an extremely prolific Bay Area designer, known to have designed over 400 houses, commercial and industrial buildings, apartment l•I Ibid.
11 "Lakemont Soon to go on Market," San Francisco Chronicle, August 14, 1920, 6. 16 "Lakemont (Formerly Haddon Hill)," Oakland T!-ibu11e, August 27. 1920, advertisement, I 0. 17 "'Sales Record is Smashed by Transbay firm," San Francisco Chronicle, September 4. 1920, 8. 18 Ed Phillips, Betty Marvin, and Lynn Fonfa.
19 Oakland Heritage Alliance, 3.
1.o Ibid.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California buildings, churches. lodges, and institutional buildings during his career. 21 The most prolific builder was C. W. Short, who built approximately a dozen homes, including bungalows and large houses, and one apartment building. The tract's owner, Fred T. Wood, built several homes on speculation, including 650 Kenwyn Road and 631 Haddon Road, likely in order to lure buyers to the neighborhood and enliven the subdivision in the early years.
Prominent residents included industrialist Henry .I. Kaiser (664 Haddon Road): artist Leonard Foss, a noted lampshade designer with showrooms in New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles (609 Kenwyn Road); Alfred J. Lundberg, president of the Key System for many years (596 Haddon Road); William Joost, vice president and general manager of Electrical Products Corp. in Oakland (590 Radnor Street); Victor DeVencenzi. owner of Yellow Cabs and the Oakland Oaks baseball team (566 Radnor Road); and H. M.
Shane, a jeweler (558 Radnor Street). 22
Lakemont was almost completely built-out during the surge of constrnction from 1921 to 1928 and \Vas almost entirely developed by 1939 (Figure 79): fewer than two dozen houses were built here between 1929 and 1955, and while some homes have been modernized through alterations, the district includes very few examples of contemporary construction. The neighborhood became more diverse after racial restrictions were invalidated by the Supreme Court in 1948. and today what was subdivided as Haddon Hill, and more successfully developed as Lakemont, is now commonly considered part of the larger Cleveland Heights neighborhood.
21 Betty Marvin, "A. W. Smith ... Architect Extraordinaire," published in The Alameda Architectural Pl'esel'varion Society newsletter, January 2006, accessed at http://www.alameda-preservation.org/prescrvation/wp contenl/newsletters/2006JanuaryAA,PSNews1etter.pdf on Mny 6, 2018.
Zl Ed Phillips. Betty Marvin, and Lynn Fonfo.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, Caltfomia Figure 73. Haddon Hill tract, subdivided 1912. Subject property shaded in gray (U.C. Berkeley Libraries).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 74. Grand staircase entrance to Haddon Hill, circa 1913. Note the puma sculpture on top of the pedestal. (Oakland Public Library History Room, Peralta Heights neighborhood file.) SWCA Environmental Consultants 59
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 75. 636 Hillgirt Circle, view northwest. Designed by Leonard Cooke, also attributed to Julia Morgan, constructed 1912 (SWCA, 2018).
Figure 76. 662 Kenwyn R6ad; view southeast. Designed by Charles W. Dickey, constructed 1914 (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 77. 609 Kenwyn Road, view west. Designed by Sidney and Noble Newsome, constructed 1928 (SWCA, 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 78. Aerial photograph of Haddon Hill, 1939. Tract and subject property (Lot 1) outlined in white (Environmental Data Resources).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, Caltfomia Landscape Engineer: Mark R. Daniels (1881-1952)
The following presents a biographical overview of Mark Daniels; this material is excerpted from the website Outside Lands: 23
Although born in Spring Arbor. Michigan, Mark Daniels defined California landscape architecture in the early 20th century. He designed San Francisco's Forest Hill residence park, and worked on the Sea Clift: St. Francis Wood. St. Mary's Park and Crocker Amazon neighborhoods. The world-renowned 17-mile drive in Pebble Beach, California; the Thousand Oaks development in Berkeley; and the movie-star mansion community of Bel-Air in Los Angeles, were all his creations. 24
After he received his degree at the University of California, Daniels did post-graduate study in city planning and landscape architecture at Harvard. In 1914, he received an appointment as landscape engineer in Yosemite National Park, and immediately got the attention of the Secretary of the Interior, Franklin K. Lane. 25 The National Park Service as an entity had just begun, and just a couple of months after starting his work in Yosemite, Daniels was promoted to General Superintendent and Landscape Engineer to the entire Park Service. Although he served only a year and a half in this position, Daniels made sure this job with the government wasn't forgotten. (An excellent self-promoter, Daniels never hesitated to list his resume credits in interviews and articles, and "General Superintendent" was always near the top.) Daniels belonged to exclusive clubs and his clients were invariably rich and influential.
He \Vorked for the Crockers and the Sutros and the Southern Pacific. He had a great interest in Chinese landscape design and created the Chinese Village at the Treasure Island World's Fair in 1939-40. Anti-Japanese sentiment ran so high after the attack of Pearl Harbor that there arose a serious proposal to turn San Francisco's Japanese Tea Garden into a hamburger stand. Daniels wrote the San Francisco Examiner pleading to save the decorative elements and go with an authentic "Chinese Tea Garden" instead. 26 Despite his connections to wealth, power, and the elite (one of his wives, Frances Trust Daniels, won a divorce from him with the complaint that he spent all of his time at the Bohemian Club), Daniels also reveled in arts and the free-to-all natural wonders of California. He not only was a musician and actor, but he painted, gardened, wrote newspaper articles describing beach and wildflower hikes, and promoted his vision of residential development wedded to natural beauty:
"The art of the landscape architect consists more in knowing what not to do than what to do. In other words, he must seek to retain the natural effects of the setting and, where changes arc essential to utility, to disguise man's handiwork as much as possible. It is merely obedience to the familiar rule--'true ait is to conceal ait."' 27 23 http://outsidelands.org/danie1s.php2•1 Mark Daniels resume, San Francisco Heritage.25 San Francisco Examiner. April 19, 1914.26 Letters to Editor, San Fi-a11cisco Examiner. March 13. 1942.27 Daniels, Mark, "California as a Place of Homes." Cal/fornia Maga:ine, Volume 1. lssue I, July 1915.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon R oad. City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California For all his surety of artistic expression, Daniels never seemed to find his footing in his personal life. He married and divorced four times and his only child committed suicide just a couple of years before his own death.
V. ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT
Italian Renaissance Revival, 1890-1935
The dwelling at the subject property is designed in the Italian Renaissance Revival style. Prior to World War I. t he Italian Renaissance Revival style was most commonly used for architect-designed civic and institutional buildings in urban contexts. 28 The style began to spread into vernacular and residential designs after World War I, bolstered in part by the fact that by the l 920s, many American architects and their prosperous clients had travelled to Italy and seen first-hand the inspiration behind the style.
Photographic printing had improved by this time as well, adding direct visual inspiration for designers.
Authenticity in replication of the appearance of original Italian prototypes was also bolstered by the perfection of masonry veneering techniques, critical to replicate historically stuccoed or masonry walls.
Although less common than the contemporaneously constructed Craftsman, Tudor Revival, and Colonial Revival style, the use of cla'>sically-derived cladding, fenestration, and facade details in the Italian Renaissance Revival style often confers a comparatively grandiose appearance to even modest houses designed in the style. Popular through the 1920s, use of the style declined through the 1930s and examples constructed after 1940 are rare.
Four principal subtypes of the style are distinguished primarily by their roof form. Over half of Italian Renaissance Revival-style houses have a simple hipped roof with a flat, symmetrical front fa�ade.
Examples of this type constructed before 1920 often include full-width porches with massive square piers as supports. Some Italian Renaissance Revival-style houses have a hipped roof with one or more projecting wings at the front fa<;ade, either with a single centrally-located wing, or paired, symmetrically located wings. A small proportion of Italian Renaissance Revival-style houses have asymmetrical fa<;acles; usually the asymmetry involves the placement of doors and windows, although, very rarely, L plans or other more complex. footprints are used. And finally, some high-style examples of Italian Renaissance Revival buildings are capped by flat roofs, usually \Vith a prominent cornice with dentil molding and a roof-line balustrade. These high-style examples are generally architect-designed and include a richer display of fa<;:ade material and ornament, including first-story rustication and stone construction.
Character-defining features of the Italian Renaissance Revival style include simple, often rectangular massing; two- to three-story height; symmetrical arrangement of fenestration at the primary fa<;:ade; a low pitched roof (sometimes flat) with widely overhanging eaves suppo1ted by decorative brackets; ceramic tile at the roof; stone, stucco or brick cladding; recessed entry porches; full-height first-story windows; round arches above doors, first-story windows and porches; upper-story windows smaller and less elaborate than ground- or lower-story windows; and decorative fa<;:ade articulation including quoins, roof line balustrades, pedimented windows, classical door surrounds, molded cornices, and belt courses. 28 Virginia Savage McAllister, A Field Ciuid1;• to American Houses (R<?visedj: 171e D!!_l/11itive Ouide (New York: Knop[ 2015) 498.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Architect: William E. Schirmer (1889-1957)
William Edward Schirmer was born on January 9, 1889, in Oakland, California. His father, William Schirmer, was a former Pacific Coast Master Mariner and owner of Schirmer Stevedoring and Ballast. a shipping company. His father wanted him to join the shipping business, but instead Schirmer decided to study architecture at the Mark Hopkins Institute in San Francisco.
From 1910 to 1916, Schirmer trained as a draftsman with the architecture firms of Willis Polk, C. W.
Dickey. and C. W. McCall. ln 1917. he partnered with architect Arthur S. Bugbee to fi.mn Schim1er Bugbee Company. Together they designed the Sweets Ballroom in 1923. The firm became known for their designs for elegant apartment buildings and residences in the Oakland area. Irving F. Mo rrow, in an Architect and Engineer article bemoaning the lack of thought and design that went into apartment buildings (saying they were "at the bottom of the aesthetic scale"29), praised the work of Schirmer and Bugbee. Unlike other apartment buildings, Morrow wrote, those designed by Shirmer and Bugbee were "coherent in composition, refined in taste, human (man's size) in scale, domestic in feeling, and respectable in execution. [ ... ] the field of the medium-sized apartment seems to be one in which they appear in the role of pioneers. Their work -- anomalous as it may seem to be compelled to say so ----- is almost unique. And though it perform no other service, it must surely dispose of the time-worn argument that it is impossible to do an attractive apartment house." 30 Schirmer practiced in partnership with Bugbee until 1925, after which he practiced on his own.
Schirmer designed in the popular Period Revival styles of the time. Many of his residences can be found in Piedmont and Oakland's Broadway Terrace and Crocker Highlands neighborhoods. Among his residential commissions are the W. H. Eliason House (894 Longridge Road, I 927), the Haddon Hill Model Home (650 Kenyon Road, 1932-1926), and the Stafford House (912 Grand St, 1932). His designs for single-family residences were noted Jor their attention to detail. such as wrought-iron work at windows and doors, and the integration of outdoor and indoor space, especially in his use of sunrooms, French doors, and expansive windows. 31 He is also known for his use of sprawling plans similar to the work of Southern California architect Cliff May, whose designs in the 1920s were a prelude to his Ranch houses of later decades, and William Wurster in Northern California. His later work was characterized by its simpler, farmhouse-like style. though his use of large windows remained.
Schirmer, though known for his residential commissions, also designed two car dealerships in Oakland (1920. 1925) and paitnered with William A. Rich to design a Roman Catholic School and Convent addition in Oakland ( 1949). He was also pait of the design team for the Alameda County Courthouse ( I 935-1936). He was a leader of the Society of Alameda Architects and joined the American Institute of Architects in 1945.
Schirmer maffied Helen Hediger in 1916. They had three children. Schirmer and his wife both passed away on November 29, 1957, in a fatal car accident.
29 Jrving F. Morrow, "Humanity in Apartment Houses," The Architect and Engi11eer. Vol. 65 (2) May 1921, 48. 30 Morrow, 49.
31 Dave Weinstein, ·'Serious Craftsmanship," San Francisco Gate, August 2, 2008, https://www.sfgate.com/bavarea/articlc/Serious-crafrsmanship-3201625.php#photo-2342213 (accessed May 24. 2018).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California VI. KAISER
Henry J. Kaiser
The following presents a brief overview of the life and career of Henry J. Kaiser ( 1882-1967); this material was prepared by Tom Debley and is adapted from a former Kaiser Industries biography issued in 1982 on the centennial of Henry J. Kaiser's birth and from ''Serving the Ea5t Bay for 60 years," a special newspaper supplement prepared by Kaiser Permanente and published by ANG Newspapers in September 2002 in connection with the 60th anniversary of the opening of the Oakland Medical Center.
Henry J. Kaiser was a 20th century American industrialist with worldwide interests, a builder and co-founder of Kaiser Permanente. The son of German immigrants. he became a world-renowned entrepreneur.
As an industrialist, he was the founder of the Kaiser companies, which grew from a small road paving company to a global enterprise. As a builder, he constructed roads, dams, tunnels, pipelines, ships and houses. As an industrialist he manufactured cement, steel, aluminum and automobiles. As the co-founder of Kaiser Permanente, he worked with pai1nerships of physicians, built hospitals and other health care facilities, established a nursing school and contributed to medical education.
Kaiser Permanente Was Closest to Kaiser's Heart
Closest to Henry Kaiser's heart was the development of Kaiser Permanente as the world's largest privately sponsored health care delivery system, which he co-founded with Sidney R. Garfield, MD. •'Of all the things I've clone." he told a repo1ier on his 85th bi1ihday, "I expect only to be remembered for my hospitals. They're the things that are filling the people's greatest need - good health.''
Kaiser's opportunity to pioneer with physicians in health care financing and delivery came in 1938, when he was building dams far removed from hospitals and doctors. The Medical Care Program evolved from Kaiser's need to provide workers and their families with health care at affordable costs in remote areas of the West. The program was replicated to serve the health care needs of shipyard and steel mill workers and their families during World War II, and, by public demand, was subsequently opened to community enrollment.
Partly because of his pioneering in medical care, Henry Kaiser received the AFL-CIO's Murray-Green Humanitarian Award ''in recognition of notable accomplishments in voluntary medical care, housing and labor-management relati ons.'' A citation from President Lyndon B. Johnson stated this was '·the first occasion on which the AFL-ClO selected an outstanding industrialist to receive their highest honor. Henry Kaiser epitomizes a departure from the past. .. a pioneer of the new breed of responsible businessmen ... "
Historians writing about major events of the 20th Century today see the work of Henry Kaiser in co-founding Kaiser Permanente and launching employer-sponsored health care in the United States as one of the century's major social contributions, SWCA Environmental Consultants 66
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California An Idea Born During Crisis of the Great Depression
The idea was born out of crisis during the Great Depression and President Roosevelt's response with the New Deal. It was a way to address the fact that most Americans had little or no access to health care.
This story is captured in historian Kevin Starr's 2002 book '•Embattled Dreams:
California in War and Peace, l 940-1950.''
"Roosevelt," Starr \vrote, ·'saw Henry Kaiser as the essence of the New Deal industrialist, a man capable of working with government on the largest possible scale ... In the case of his health care program, in which he played an equal role as founder along with Garfield and his physicians, Kaiser bridged the public philosophy of the New Deal and private capitalism.
"Criticized in the 1940s and 1950s as socialized medicine, the Kaiser Health Plan and its affiliated Permanente Medical Groups in reality had the very opposite effect. They proved that private social medicine could remain free of government while meeting mass health care needs ... "
Henry Kaiser's Early Years
Henry J. Kaiser was born on May 9, 1882 in a white frame farm-house at Sprout Brook, New York, one of four children of Francis J. Kaiser, a shoemaker, and Mary Yops Kaiser, a practical nurse, both immigrants from Germany. He died in Honolulu, Hawaii, on August 24, 1967.
He left school at 13 to take a job at $1.50 a week as a cash boy in a drygoods store at Utica in upstate New York to help support his family. and boosted his income by taking photographs after working hours. Despite a limited formal education, he always was learning. His restless, driving spirit was constantly seeking new ways of doing things.
Later, the same drive challenged his managers, engineers and other employees in daring projects and new ventures.
Young Henry Kaiser traveled as a photographic salesman in upper New York. At Lake Placid, New York, he offered to work for nothing for the owner of a photographic studio, on the condition that if he doubled the business in a year, he would receive a half interest.
He trebled the business, became a junior partner at 22, bought out the business a year later and added new stores at Daytona Beach and Miami, Florida, and Nassau. Outside his first store he placed a prophetic sign: ''Meet the Man with a Smile.'' Building Career Starts in the West
Deciding to stake his future with the West, he moved to Spokane, Washington, in 1906 and was hired by a hardware company, later becoming sales manager. He went into construction in 1912 as a salesman and manager of road paving contracts in Washington and British Columbia.
It was in 1914 that he established his first company -- Henry J. Kaiser Company, Ltd. - at Vancouver, B.C. with a $20,000 loan. His first job was to pave a street two-and-a-half miles long. He was then 32.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California During the next seven years, he continued road-paving work in Washington, Idaho and British Columbia and created a new way of doing the job by replacing mules with machinery. Doing jobs in better and faster new ways became a Kaiser trademark. and he saved his men many backbreaking hours by putting pneumatic tires on wheelbarrows and mechanizing his jobs.
He won his first job in California by jumping off a moving train. He wanted to bid on the job of building a 30-mile road between Red Bluff and Redding in Northern California. but the train didn't stop at Redding. When it slowed down nearby to drop off the mail, llenry Kaiser jumped off. He won the contract and in l 921 established his headquarters in Oakland, where it remained for the rest of his life.
On this first California job, Henry Kaiser demonstrated another of his trademarks - speed. At that time the average progress for paving a road was two miles a month. Henry Kaiser tied five scrapers to a tractor, instead of one to a team of horses, and completed one mile every week.
He moved into the sand and gravel business in 1923 while he was paving a road between Livermore and Pleasanton in California. The aggregate plant developed into one of the largest producers of aggregates in Northern California. It was also Henry Kaiser's start in the business of mining and processing raw materials.
A Cuban Highway Led to Western Dams
The year 1927 was a turning point in Henry Kaiser's career when he went to Cuba to build a 200-mile highway and 500 bridges. It was a huge project for the young contractor and the principle of teamwork learned on this job guided his future work. He was a pioneer of the joint venture concept that led to partnerships and associations of contractors for cooperative construction of projects too large for a single builder.
In Cuba, Henry Kaiser realized that a growing organization must develop its management from within itselt� He went into the business of hiring young talent and training his future leaders -- "building people"' as he described it.
The 1930s was the era of the big dams -- first Hoover, 726 feet high on the Colorado River, then Bonneville and Grand Coulee on the Columbia River. A joint venture combine called Six Companies. Inc., of which Henry Kaiser was elected chairman of the executive committee. constructed Hoover Dam. The dam was built in four years -- two years ahead of schedule.
While the clams were being built, Kaiser's men were building piers for the San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge, levees on the Mississippi River and pipelines in Kansas, Texas, Oklahoma, Arizona and Montana. Up to the start of World War II, Kaiser and associated firms built some 1,000 projects totaling $383 million. His engineering and construction activities led to the development of Kaiser Engineers.
Another clam started Henry Kaiser in his industrial era. Although he had no cement plant, he successfully bid to supply six million barrels of cement to build Shasta Dam in Northern California at a saving of $1,683,866 under t he next lowest bid. With the contract in hand, he built a cement plant at Permanente, California, in only seven months from start of construction to production. He also supplied 11 million tons of aggregates SWCA Environmental Consultants 68
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California for the dam, and built a nine and one-half mile conveyor belt -- then the world's longest - to transport the material through the mountains in place of a railroad line.
At the time of his death, Kaiser Cement Corporation was the largest cement company in the West.
Shipbuilding Winds Worldwide Recognition
In I 940, when the Allies desperately needed ships, Britain called on the Kaiser "know how" at marshaling men and materials and contracted for a Kaiser-managed group to build shipyards and 30 cargo ships. Thus began the shipbuilding program that won worldwide recognition.
At the peak of the shipbuilding era, Henry Kaiser and his associates operated 58 shipways at seven yards that built 1.490 ships during World War II -- roughly 27 percent of the American production of merchant shipping in this period -- plus 50 small aircraft caniers. The Kaiser shipyards established a reputation for speed, averaging one new ship a day and an aircraft carrier per week.
On November 15, 1942, the Liberty ship Robert E. Peary wa<; launched -- 4 days and 15 hours after the keel was laid. The ship was complete with bath towels and sharpened pencils in the chart room. Kaiser's streamlined, mass production of ships was based on prefabrication of major units and assembly line fitting of the parts into the whole.
During World War ll, Henry Kaiser also managed the largest artillery shell operation in the U.S. He built and operated magnesium plants for the production of the light metal and "goop,'' the magnesium incendiary. He supplied all the bulk cement used by the United States to construct Pacific fortifications. He operated an aircraft and aircraft parts manufacturing plant, and joined with Howard Hughes in the development of the famous "Spruce Goose," a huge wooden flying ship that was proposed to replace and supplement Liberty ships in transporting troops and military supplies.
One acute problem for the World War II shipbuilder was the availability of steel ship plate in the West, so Henry Kaiser built his own steel plant at Fontana in Southern California -- the first fully rounded steel plant in the Western United States. This venture was the forerunner to Kaiser Steel Corporation.
Postwar Period Launches Kaiser's Greatest Growth
During the war, Henry Kaiser looked to the future and envisioned the postwar needs. He was convinced that four essentials would be in great demand -- metals, building materials. homes and automobiles. He anticipated a growth period needing steel, cement and sand and gravel, and he also saw promise in another material -- aluminum.
In 1946, Henry Kaiser entered the aluminum business by leasing surplus plants from the War Assets Administration. Industry sources claimed that "aluminum will be running out of our ears" �- so great had been the wartime expansion of capacity. One "expert'' report listed 16 reasons why Kaiser's entry into aluminum was doomed to failure.
Within five years, Henry Kaiser and his team of energetic young managers were producing and marketing more aluminum than the entire U.S. annual output up to 1937, and in its first 20 years Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation was destined to SWCA Environmental Consultants 69
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California expand its capacity to approximately five times the pre-war level. How it was accomplished has been called one of America's greatest industrial success stories.
Kaiser's constant search for new ideas anticipated the need for this light metal that would jump to 47 pounds per capita in 1966 from only IO pounds in 1946.
Manufacture of Automobiles Becomes Worldwide
Believing his men, who produced ships faster and at lower cost than ever before, could make a contribution to the postwar production of automobiles, Henry Kaiser formed the Kaiser-Frazer Corporation in 1945. Starting from scratch, the auto manufacturing plant at Willow Run, Michigan led the industry in producing the first all-new American car since 1941. Pioneering the postwar styling, the new company overcame terrific shortages of materials in its first full year of operations. It produced its own engines, its own bodies, and its own steering gears. It built a new dealer organization, and broke all records in the history of the industry for number of new cars produced by a starting company in a new plant.
Automobile manufacturing in the postwar period wtL<; an exceedingly competitive business. After 10 years of passenger car production in which 750,000 Kaiser cars rolled off the assembly line, Henry Kaiser withdrew from the passenger car market in the United States and concentrated on the production of the famous four-wheel-drive "Jeep" utility vehicle in this country and overseas.
In the early 1950s, he started complete manufacturing facilities of motor vehicles in South America, establishing Willys-Overland do Brasil and Industrias Kaiser Argentina.
After moving to Hawaii in 1955. Henry Kaiser directly supervised the building of the I, 146-room Hawaiian Village Hotel; a Kaiser Foundation Hospital; a $13.5 million cement plant; radio and television broadca<;ting facilities; and the new community of Hawaii Kai.
At the time of his death in 1967. the ventures he founded had grown from a small road paving company to more than JOO enterprises that encompassed 300 products and services; 180 plants, projects and hospitals, in 33 states and 4 I countries; more than 90,000 employees; annual payrolls exceeding $630 million; annual sales of more than $2.1 billion; and more than 140,000 public shareholders.
Mayo Clinic for the Common Man
The following presents a brief overview of the founding of the health care program which would become Kaiser Permanente, as originally conceived during a conference held at the property on April 9, 1943.
This material is excepted from Kaiser Wakes the Doctors by Paul DeKruit: which was originally published in 1944.
April 9th 1943. at Henry Kaiser's home in Oakland there was a conference. It deserves to be noted and remembered by America's medically forlorn. Dr. Harold Brunn, world famous chest surgeon from San Francisco. was there. An honest man, he deplored the bankruptcy of ideas for progress that marked organized medicine's invisible hand in today's medical crisis. Brunn was no medical poo-bah remotely authoritative because of those mystic letters, M.D. He was looking toward Henry Kaiser. graduate of the seventh grade, as a medical leader.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, C alifornia Ray Lyman Wilbur, Chancellor of Stanford University and past President of the A.M.A., honoured Kaiser by his presence. He was likewise not medically authoritative or snooty.
He was dour in outward manner but with a great doctor's heart. Wilbur understood this medical qualification of Kaiser's that had been written about him many years ago by Leland Cutler:
'Builder that he is, I think he has not ever crushed a flower half-hidden in the grass that he did not wish he might have walked some other way. He has not built upon the ruins or the wreckage of his fellowmen, nor erected selfish slabs of structured stone to glorify himself.'
Kaiser's old friend, Dr. Louis Lohse, conservative, came too, that evening. to show his willingness to follow· non-medical Henry Kaiser in his revolutionary medical adventure.
Swede Larsen of the California Physician's Service and Sydney Garfield were there to work out the details of this projected historic co-working of the medical profession on the one hand and industry and labor on the other.
That evening the plan of campaign of this co-operative death fight was drawn up tentatively. California Physician's Service would undertake the medical care of the workers' wives and children. The payroll deductions for the family plan would be managed, as with the workers, by the Permanente Foundation. The health centres on the Kaiser housing projects would be staffed by Physician's Service's doctors and nurses.
The Permanente and Field Hospital facilities would be opened up to any dependent entitled to care under the plan who is receiving treatment from any doctor of the Physician's Service, whether a member of the Permanente staff or not.
The doctors of Garfield's Permanente staff were to be invited to become members of the California Physician's Service. In short, the Kaiser Physician's were to be taken into organized medicine's sacred precincts. Such were the terms of the proposed momentous union. The benefits of this alliance of industry and medicine were unquestioned. The California Physician's Service members would enjoy the advantages of the Kaiser health plan's mighty power to build hospital facilities. It would expose individually practicing doctors to group medicine. Garfield's doctors would become respectable, and have the interchange of science with the cream of the medical profession of the San Francisco Bay region.
That night was born the promise of a model for the community Mayo Clinic for the common man. Let it succeed - and how could it fail? - and it would spark the formation of thousands of such death-fighting organizations from coast to coast.
VII. SITE HISTORY
As recorded by the Alameda County Assessor, Henry J. Kaiser acquired the property on March 23, 1924.
The original building permit for the residence was not found during the course of research.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road. City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California On June 27. 1931, Mr. Kaiser received a permit to enclose a second floor to make a sunroom:1 � While
unspecified in the permit research to date suggests the sunroom enclosure is the sunroom off the master bedroom, at the south end of the dwelling. It was to cost $1,000. No architect was listed. Fred Woodland was the specified contractor.
A year later, on July 25, 1932, Mr. Kaiser was issued a permit to add a single room that was to measure 21 feet by 22 feet.·13 The location of the new room was unspecified. Estimated cost was to be $975.
William E. Schirmer was listed as the architect with Fred J. Westland listed as the contractor.
Three years later, on December 5, 1935, Mr. Kaiser received a permit to add an addition to the existing garage. 34 Research to date suggests the addition was to extend the garage to the south. The permit recorded the existing garage dimensions as 15 feet by 19 feet and the new addition's dimensions as 15 feet ,vide by 9 feet long. The addition was to have a concrete floor and a tile roof to match the existing.
Cost was to be $200. No architect was specified, and Mr. Kaiser was to serve as the contractor.
On September 2, 1936, the City issued Mr. Kaiser a p ermit to partition the basement to create a new passage dividing the existing laundry room from a new servant's bedroom and bathroom. 35 The cost was estimated at $300. No architect was listed, and Mr. Kaiser was to serve as the contractor.
Two months later, on November 2, 1936 the City issued a second permit to add a second-floor bedroom above the garage. 36 The addition was to measure 14 feet square and feature a tile roof. Cost was to be $500. No architect was specified, and Mr. Kaiser was to serve as the contractor.
On March 14, 1939, Mr. Kaiser received a permit for an interior remodel to the kitchen and breakfast room. 37 While the scope of work as described on the permit is somewhat illegible, it appears the work was to include several projects: 1) install a 5-foot steel sash corner window in the kitchen, 2) convert a bathroom to a pantry by removing the plumbing and installing shelves. and 3) install a 2-foot bay window in the breakfast room. Total cost was estimated to be $450. No architect was listed. W. H. Pollard was listed as the contractor.
On January 24, 1940, the City issued a permit to Mr. Kaiser for unspecified roof repairs and to cover a small deck with felt, asphalt, and tile. 38 Research to date suggests the deck may be the one situated off of the breakfast room. Cost was to be $25. No architect was specified. Ed C. Pagee was listed as the contractor.
On August 28, 1940, the City issued a permit to Mr. Kaiser for fireplace work. 39 The project was to include removing the existing fireplace and adjacent wall in the living room and to replace with a steel T heam. A new fireplace was to be built at exterior wall of house. A concrete slab was to measure 4 feet by 7 feet and be 12 inches thick. Estimated cost was $1.500. No architect was specified. Mr. Kaiser was to serve as the contractor.
On November 14, 1941, Mr. Kaiser received a pennit to enlarge a patio/conservatory. 40 The patio/conservatory was to be enlarged 8 feet by 9 feet. Tile was to be installed on the floor with a glass ·
12 OPB, Building permit no. A46965, June 27, 1931.
·1·1 OPB, Building permit no. A50365, July 25, 1932.
3•1 OPB, Building permit no. A60484. December 2, 1935.
·
1 5 OPB, Building permit no. A64034, September 2, 1936. 36 OPB. Building permit no. A85 I 13, November 2. 1936. 37 OPB, Building permit no. A 77324. March 14, 1939 .
.1s OPB, Building permit no. A8.3075, January 24, 1940. 39 OPB, Building permit no. A86747, August 24, 1940.
•10 OPB, Bui.lding permit no. A93707. November 14. 1941.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California skylight above. The existing study was to be enlarged by 4 feet and a wood floor installed. Cost was to be $1,000. H.J. Kaiser Co. was listed as both the architect and the contractor.
As told by Albert Heiner in his book Henry .J. Kaiser, Western Colossus: An Insider's View. Mr. Kaiser lived in this house longer than any other. In describing Kaiser's relation to the home, Heiner quoted a Frank Taylor's Saturday Evening Post article of June 7, 194 l.
He gets as much satisfaction out of doing a little job as out of a big job. One of his thrills is his home in Oakland, which he built sixteen years ago before he became a rich man.
He and Mrs. Kaiser, who is 'Mother Kaiser' to the whole Kaiser outfit, are proud of the fact that they still live in the old house in which their sons grew up. But as one of Kaiser's men remarked. 'Ifs the same old foundation, but not the same house.' At least twice a year Kaiser rebuilds, tearing out walls, changing rooms. redecorating, and refinishing. He does this just as he builds a Coulee Dam or a shipyard, with day and night crews.
Kaiser also used his home as a center of business and socialization. In 1943. he hosted at the subject property a conference, described in more detail in the preceding section of this report, where the tentative plan to open the Kaiser employee healthcare plan to community enrollment was developed. The Kaisers also hosted elaborate Christmas receptions for his employees and their families at the subject prope1ty. wherein Kaiser tried to include as many guests as possible from among those he had anything to do with directly. The Kaisers also wanted their neighbors and the public in general to share in the festivities, so each year they went to great trouble and expense to decorate the home spectacularly on the outside.41 Soon after the encl of World War II, Henry J. and Bess Kaiser moved to the top floor of the Bellevue Staten apartments on Lake Merritt in Oakland. While living in this apartment Henry J. Kaiser began the construction of a new home in Lafayette, California. After owning the subject property for 26 years, Mr.
Kaiser sold the prope1ty to Ralph and Thelma Montali on March 6, 1950.
Ralph H. Montali (1910-1990) was born on January 19, 1910, in San Francisco. The 1940 U.S. Federal Census recorded Mr. Montali as a sales manager of a liquor business. He was married to Eleanor Montali and together they had a five-year-old son, Thomas. The family resided at 1808 Harvard Street, Alameda.
City directories in 1941 listed him as a department manager at McKesson-Langley-Michaels. 42 Later, Mr.
Montali worked as a wholesale liquor distributor and served as the president of the Wholesale Liquor Distributors Association of Northern California. 43 He also served as the chairman of the Small Craft Harbors Commission. 44 Mr. Montali passed away 011 March 26, 1990. in Oakland. 45 Research to elate revealed no information on Thelma Montali.
Mr. Montali sold the prope1ty 011 July 22, 1959, to Alvin F. T. and Kari Rene Kassow.
Alvin Ferdinand Theodore Kassow (1918-1980) was born on September 28, 1918. in Cedar Mills, Minnesota. The 1940 U.S. Federal Census recorded him as a soldie.r in the Army, stationed in Champaign County, Illinois. In 1942 he married Mari Gene Woolley in Boise, ldaho.46 By I 945, he lived in San 41 Albert Heiner. llenryJ. Kaiser. Wesft'rn Colossus: An Insidc•r's f'iew. San Francisco: Halo Books, 1991. Page unknown.
'12 Ancestry.com4·1 "Liquor Leaders Meet Over Flynn Association," Hayward Daily Review. December IL 1953, p.9. www.ancestry.com (accessed May 21., 2018). •1•1 "Small Craft Unit Elects Chainnnn," llayward Dai�v Review, February 16, 1965, 7, www.anccstry.com (accessed May 21, 2018). 45 Ancestry.com46 Ibid.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Francisco and in the late 1940s he worked as a service manager for H. S. Scales and lived in Colma. By 1953 he had moved to Oakland. 47 By the time Mr. Kassow acquired the prope11y. he had remarried to a Kari Rene Kassow. 48 Mr. Kassow died in 1980 in Alameda County.
On June 2, 1967, the Kassows sold the property to Ralph B. and Helen E. Pahlrneyer. Alfred L. and Thelma A. Phelps, and Shirley S. Clausen (a widow). with each family party owning a one-third share of the property.
With the sale in 1967 the property became the Clausen House, a group home for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. It was named for Shirley Clausen's husband, Oakland physician Dr. Edwin G. Clausen. Their daughter Ann was among the first p atients in the program. Mr. and Mrs. Pahlmeyer's daughter Sue Ellen was also among the early patients. 49 Together, the Clausen and Pahlmeyer families developed the idea of buying a home where their developmentally disabled children and others could live together, somewhat independently and under supervision. so that they could reach their full potential. This idea stood in contrast to existing options for developmentally disabled persons in the 1960s, which were generally limited to custodial care or institutionalization in California ·s overcrowded mental institutions. 50 Almost immediately after opening their first group care facility at the subject property in 1967. there was a waiting list for more clients with developmental disabilities. 51 Dr. Edwin George Clausen (1910-1966) was born and raised in Ferndale, California. 52 In 1932 he graduated from the University of California Medical School at Berkeley. 53 His Oakland Tribune obituary stated that he was ''one of those rare individuals whose profession also was his major avocation."54 He was a practicing surgeon. medical administrator, educator, and supporter of health organizations. Among the numerous posts he held were chief of surgery at Cowell Hospital at the University of California at Berkeley and associate professor at U.C. Medical School in San Francisco, as well as serving on the staffs of Merritt and Providence Hospitals. He sat on the board of directors at Children's Hospital Medical Center of Northern California and Peralta Hospital. Dr. Clausen was president of the California Academy of Medicine, president of the San Francisco Surgical Society, and director of the Alameda County branch of the American Cancer Society. He also served as the American College of Surgeons' Eastbay chairman of the selection committee. Dr. Edwin and Mrs. Shirley Ann (Stephens) Clausen married in 1944. The couple had three children: Edwin G., Jr., Ann, and John C. Dr. Clausen died age 55 on February 12, 1966. 55
The following presents an hist orical overview of Clausen House; this material is excerpted from the Clausen House website: 56
Clausen House has long been a pioneer in ass1stmg adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities become pai1 of the community. In 1967 Clausen House began as a single group home for the developmentally disabled providing an alternative to being institutionaliz ed or isolated in a family home.
�7 lhid.
48 Alameda County Assessor
4!' Piedmont Post. ··Clausen House - Serving the Community for 50 Years:· October 4, 2017. 50 !hid.
11 Ibid.
52 Ancestry .com
.1:i "Graduation announcement." Oakland fribu11e. May 15, 1932. 8. 1'1 ·'Obituary of Dr. Edwin G. Clausen.'' Oakland Tribune. February 21, 1966, 30. 55 "Finni Rites Held for Dr. Clausen." Oakland Tribune. "Final Rites Held for Dr. Clausen." February 14, 1966, 24.
And ·'Obituary of Dr. Edwin G. Clausen." Oakland Tribumi. February 21, 1966. 30. 16 clausenhouse.org/2014/about
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Since then, Clausen House has expanded to include three residential group homes, an apaitment complex, a community center, and to provide independent and suppo1ted living. education, supported employment. and social recreation programs.
The organization's first residence /cir women with developmental disabilities was located in the former home of industrialist Henry J. Kaiser at 664 Haddon Road in Oakland. The residence was named after an Oakland physician, Dr. Edwin Clausen, whose daughter Ann was one of the first participants in the program. At the time, the concept was innovative because the residence was in the community and the v.1omen who lived there learned skills to help them participate more fully in mainstream society. In those days the only alternatives to living at home with one's family were the state hospital system (now called Developmental Centers) or a board-and-care situation, typically with a poor family trying to supplement its income by taking in persons with disabilities. In either case, it was purely custodial care.
The Clausen House model was different. By 1975 several residences were established and an array of skills classes were developed in partnership with the Oakland Unified School District Adult Education program. In 1976 Clausen House purchased the Lenox apaitment building and initiated what is now its Independent Living Services program (!LS), the first of its kind in No1thern California. Five years later, Clausen House had established a perfonning arts troupe, a catering company, and what is now the Supported Employment program.
Remodeling of the 664 Haddon property occurred almost immediately after acquisition. Dr. and Mrs.
Clausen's son Edwin Clauson, Jr. received a permit on June '.!9, 1967 for alterations to "care for six mentally retarded children.'' 57 While the scope of work as described on the permit is somewhat illegible. it appears the work wa5 to include several projects: 1) enclose stairs to second floor, 2) add a new stair to north side, and 3) install a new exit from basement. The total estimated cost was to be $2,000. Neither an architect nor a contractor was listed. The Clausen House opened with seven residents. 58 However, it is unclear if this work was completed as it is not presently reflected in the house.
Two years later. on February 24, 1969, the property transferred to the Clausen House.
Nearly three years later on December 15, 1972, the property was sold to the Donald J. Wood Foundation.
The Donald .I. Wood Foundation was established by Helen Reimann Wood and dedicated to helping developmentally disabled persons. Clausen House purchased an apartment building on Lennox A venue, in the Adams point neighborhood of Oakland, and by 1977 were providing housing to 80 residents in six different locations in the East Bay. 59 By 1981, Clausen House had purchased the former home of California governor and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Earl Warren, on Vernon Street in the Adams Point neighborhood, and were using it as the.ir headquarters and residence. 60 The organization remains headquaitered at the property on Vernon Street. A 20 I 7 East Bay Times aiticle repo1ted that the subject prope1ty was a hospice "after Clausen House,'' but did not give further details. 61 On January 18, 1978, the Donald J. Wood Foundation sold the property to Phillip and Louise Hong. 57 OPB, Building permit no. C37604, June 29. 1957 .
.18 Roger Eliassen and Jerry Metzker. "Clausen House ..... Serving the Community for 50 Years." Piedmont Post. October
4. 2017.
59 Rogcr Eliassen and Jerry Mctzkcr.
6(' Elizabeth Bussing. "Clausen House." The living Church, Sepl'ember 6. 1981, 8-9. 1'1 "Kaiser Pcnnanente Buys Founder's Historic Home." E'ast ll<{V Times, .March 31, 2017.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Seven months later. on August I, 1978, the City issued a permit to Philip Hong to remodel the kitchen. 62 No details were provided. Cost was to be $9.200. Custom Kitchens was specified as the contractor. A 2004 San Francisco Chmnicle article about the listing of the home reported Mr. Hong combined the butler's pantry with the kitchen. About the general condition and style of the house, he was quoted saying ·'A rich old man lived that way [referring to Henry J. Kaiser] ... ! thought, 'I don't care, I will too."' 63 After the death of Louise Hong, sole ownership transferred to Phillip Hong on May 7, 1998. On November I 6, 1998, Mr. Hong transferred the property to the Phillip Hong Trust.
On December I, 2004, the property was sold to Jay and Marlies Patterson.
Jay William Patterson, III (1944-2010) was a fourth generation San Franciscan. In 1969 he began public service as the deputy registrar and city recorder. Between 1980 and 1987 he served as the registrar of voters. He is remembered for his 1985 creation of the provisional ballot, for which then San Francisco Mayor Diane Feinstein proclaimed May 6. 1985, as Jay Patterson Day in San Francisco. 64 A 2017 East Bay Times article about the property's acquisition by Kaiser Permanente Health Plan, Inc., reported the Patterson's spent about $500,000 restoring the prope1ty. In 2007 The Oakland Heritage Alliance honored the Pattersons with a Partners in Preservation award for their largely structural restoration work. Included in the project were replacing. leveling, and strengthening three-quarters of the foundation. restoring the grand staircase with new framing, and repairing or recreating balusters. 65 After all the work, the Pattersons reportedly ran out of money before they could finish renovating the kitchen. 66 After a couple transfers between Patterson family trusts, on November 11, 2016. the property was sold to the Kaiser Foundation Health Plan Inc.
While the primary (west) fa;:ade retains its historical appearance, since the original construction of the residence in l 924 there have been numerous alterations. The first of these is the possible enclosure of two second-floor sundecks. While a 1931 permit confirms the enclosure of one deck, the 1928 Sanborn fire insurance maps recorded both ends of the residence to have a one-story projection. This suggests two sun decks were enclosed to preserve the symmetrical appearance of the primary (west) fai;ade. Further alterations include an unspecified addition ( 1932), the garage addition (1935), the addition of a second floor back bedroom above the garage and the basement remodel (1936), an addition to the second-floor library (perhaps 1936), the extension of a staircase and landing (likely 1936), the breakfast room bay window ( 1939). chimney and fireplace (1940). the second-floor solarium enclosure ( 1940-1941 ). replacement windows in the primary (west) fa�ade/living room (date unknown), the exterior staircase outside library (date unknown), master closet addition and glass block wall (date unknown). the glass block wall in the first-floor powder room (date unknown), and the non-original metal kitchen windows (elate unknown). In 1967 a permit was issued to enclose a stair to the second floor and to add an exit from the basement. It is unclear if these alterations were executed. The I 928 Sanborn map (the earliest available to record the property) provides a visual record of the property (Figure 79). The subsequent seven Sanborns (1950, 1952, 1957, 1960, 1962, 1968, and 1969) are of minimal value a<; they show only 62 OPB. Building permit no. 04325. August 1, 1978.
63 "Find a Honse and Fill Tt: Oakland's Kaiser Mansion on Market After Over 20 Years." San Francisco Clwonicle.
July 25. 2004, 036.
64 "Obituary of Jay W. Patterson, Ill.'' San fiiw,cisco Chronicle. "Obituary of.Jay W. Patterson, 111." September 16. 2010. And "Kaiser Permanente Buys Founder's Historic Home." East Bay Times, March 31. 2017. 65 Valerie Garry. "2007 Partners in Preservation award winners." Oakland Heritage Al/ia11ce News 27. no. I (2007), 4-
5. 66 "Kaiser Permanente Buys Founder's Historic Home." East Br{v Times . . March 31, 2017.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California the earliest footprint of the dwelling and did not record the known additions in the 1930s and 1940s.
Details on construction and alterations are provided in Table 1, which lists all available building permits.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Table 1. Building Permits on File with City of Oakland, Department of Planning and Building Date Permit Owner Architect Builder Cost Description Number June 27. 1931 A46965 Henry J. Kaiser NIA Fred Woodland $1,000 Alteration: Enclose present deck on 2nd floor to make sunroom
July 25, 1932 A50365 Henry J. Kaiser E.W. Schirmer Fred J. Westland $975 Alteration: One room addition to measure 21 ft x 22 ft.
Alteration: Addition to present garage (15 ft x 19 ft), 15 December 5, 1935 A60484 Henry J. Kaiser NIA Owner $200 ft wide x 9 ft long. Concrete floor and tile roof to match existing.
Alteration: Partition basement laundry room into two
September 2, 1936 A64034 Henry J. Kaiser NIA Owner $300 rooms separated by a passage, creating servant's room with bathroom.
November 6, 1936 A85113 Henry J. Kaiser N/A Owner $500 Alteration: 2nd floor bedroom addition over garage, 14 ft x 14 ft, Spanish tile roof.
Alteration: Install 5 ft steel sash corner window in
March 14, 1939 A77324 Henry J. Kaiser NIA W. H. Pollard $450 kitchen by bathroom. Create pantry, install shelves, remove plumbing. In breakf ast room 2 ft bay window.
January 24, 1940 A83075 Henry J. Kaiser NIA Ed C. Pagee $25 Alteration: Roof repair. Cover small deck with two layers of 15# felt & one layer of asphalt under tile.
Alteration: Remove fireplace in living room and wall
portion adjacent thereto. Replace wall with steel I-
August 28, 1940 A86747 Henry J. Kaiser N/A Owner $1,500 beam. Build new fireplace at present exterior wall of house. New f ireplace concrete slab to measure 4 ft x 7 ftx 12 in.
Alteration: Enlarge patio or conservatory: 8 ft x 9 ft.
November 14, 1941 A93707 Henry J. Kaiser H.J. Kaiser Co. H.J. Kaiser Co. $1,000 Tile floor in patio. Glass skylight over patio Enlarge study by 4 ft. Wood floor in study.
Alteration: Alter for care of six mentally retarded
June 29, 1967 C37604 E. G. Clausen NIA NIA $2,000 children. 1) enclose stairs to second floor. 2) add a new stair to north side, and 3) install a new exit from
basement.
August 1, 1978 04325 Philip Hong NIA Custom Kitchens $9,200 Alteration: Kitchen remodel.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Figure 79. 664 Haddon Road, as depicted in the 1928 Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps of Oakland (Sanborn Fire Insurance Map Company 1928 - volume 4, sheets 420, 421, 437, 438). Subject property shaded in gray.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California VIII. EVALUATION
NRHP and CRHR Eligibility
Criteria A/1:
The subject property is individually eligible for listing in the NRHP and the CRHR under Criteria A/1 because it is directly associated with the development of the Kaiser Permanente health care system. Henry J. Kaiser established himself as a pioneer in the provision of health care in the late 1930s, a period when most Americans had little or no access to health care. Kaiser developed a healthcare program for his employees, most of whom were in remote locations, far removed from established doctors and hospitals.
Kaiser's healthcare program evolved from the need to provide these remotely-located workers and their families with health care at affordable costs. During World War II, the program was replicated to serve the health care needs of Kaiser's shipyard and steel mill workers and their families. On April 9, 1943, Henry J. Kaiser hosted a conference at the subject property, by the end of which a tentative plan to open the Kaiser employee healthcare plan to community enrollment was formulated. The events of the conference held at the subject property were characterized as "'the promise of a model for the community Mayo Clinic for the common man,'' and led over following decades to the formation of thousands of similar organizations across the United States. Historians writing about major events of the 20th century today see the work of Henry J. Kaiser in co-founding Kaiser Permanente and launching employer sponsored health care in the United States as one of the century's major social contributions.
Additionally, the establishment of the Kaiser Permanente healthcare system was regarded by Henry J.
Kaiser as his most significant \vo1-k: ''Of all the things l 've done, I expect only to be remembered for my hospitals. They're the things that arc filling the people's greatest need - good health." Because the subject property is the location of the 1943 conference where Kaiser along with a small group of physicians and medical industry professionals established a tentative plan for a healthcare plan open to community enrollment, the property is eligible for listing in the NRHP and the CRHR under Criteria A/1 because it is directly associated with the development of the Kaiser Permanente health care system. The period of significance for this finding of significance is 1943, the year the conference took place.
The subject property is also individually eligible for listing in the NRHP and the CRHR under Criteria A/1 for its association with Clausen House, which, when it opened in I 967, introduced to the Bay Area a paradigm-shifting system of care for developmentally disabled adults. [n contrast to existing models in the 1960s, in which care options for developmentally disabled adults were generally limited to custodial care or institutionalization in California's overcrowded mental institutions, Clausen House was a residential group home located within a residential community. in which clients could live together, somewhat independently and under supervision, and receive an individualized assistance to develop skills to help them participate more fully in mainstream society. Following establishment of the Clausen House facility at the subject property, there was immediately a waiting list for more clients with developmental disabilities, indicating the efficacy of this new model of care. Within ten years of its establishment in 1967, Clausen House expanded into additional single-family dwellings and apartment buildings, and initiated what is now its Independent Living Services program (ILS), the first of its kind in No1thern California. Clausen House has expanded further and currently the organization operates three residential group homes, an apmtment complex, a community center, and provides independent and supported living, education, supp01ted employment, and social recreation programs. Because the subject property wm; the first location of Clausen House, it is property is eligible for listing in the NRHP and the CRHR under Criteria A/I because it is directly associated with an innovative system of care for developmentally disabled adults which remains in operation today. The period of significance for this finding of significance is 1967, the year that the group of three families that established Clausen House purcha5ed the subject property, through 1977, the last year that the subject property was owned by the Donald J.
Wood Foundation, a foundation dedicated to helping developmentally disabled persons. and presumably SWCA Environmental Consultants 80
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California the last year the subject prope1iy operated as a Clausen House group home.
Criteria B/2:
The subject property is individually eligible for listing in the NRH P and the CRH R under Criteria B/2 because it is directly associated with Henry J. Kaiser, who is broadly regarded as a significant American industrialist, builder, and innovator of health care systems. As an industrialist he was the founder of the Kaiser companies, which grew from a small road paving company to a global enterprise. He also manufactured cement, steel, aluminum and automobiles. As a builder, he constructed roads, dams, tunnels, pipelines, ships and houses. As the co-founder of Kaiser Permanente, he worked with partnerships of physicians, built hospitals and other health care facilities, established a nursing school and contributed to medical education. Kaiser established his business headquarters in Oakland in 1921 and commissioned the subject property in 1924. With his wife Bess Kaiser he raised two sons at the su�ject property. Kaiser also used his home as a center of business and socialization. In 1943, he hosted at the subject property a conference where the tentative plan to open the Kaiser employee healthcare plan to community enrollment was developed. The house was also the site of elaborate Christmas parties for his employees and their families, and was decorated extensively at the exterior as a gesture to the neighborhood. Kaiser also had a strong involvement in the physical development of the subject property.
He commissioned nine alterations to the property between its original construction in 1924 and 194 I, and was documented in a contemporaneous publication as regarding the ongoing alterations and improvements to his Oakland home as one of his "thrills,'' Henry J. Kaiser lived at the subject property from its construction in 1924 through approximately 1946, when he moved with his wife to a nearby apartment building. Kaiser lived in the subject property during extremely productive years of what can only be called a remarkably and consistently significant life: he was living at the subject property by 1927, when he went to Cuba to build a 200-mile highway and 500 bridges; during the 1930s, when he oversaw the construction of the Hoover and Grand Coulee dams; and during the 1940s, when Kaiser and his associates operated 58 shipways at seven yards that built l.490 ships during World War IL While Kaiser presumably conducted the vast mqjority of the operation of his companies within corporate business offices in Oakland, his long residence at the subject property, as well as the documented use of the subject property for irnpotiant business and social events and Kaiser's continued hand in the physical development of the house. is evidence of a direct association between the subject property and Henry J.
Kaiser. For these reasons, the subject property individually eligible for listing in the NRHP and the CRHR under Criteria B/2 for its association with Henry J. Kaiser. The period of significance for this finding of significance is I 924, the year the property was commissioned by and constructed for Kaiser, through 1946, the approximate year Kaiser stopped living at the property and moved to a nearby apartment.
Criteria C/3:
The subject property is individually eligible for listing in the NRHP and the CRHR under Criteria C/3 (Design/Construction) as a propetiy that embodies the distinctive characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Revival style of architecture. The property includes close to the full complement of character-defining features of the style, including 1924 date of construction; simple, rectangular massing; two-story height; low-pitched hipped roof with ceramic tile; moderate overhanging eaves supported by a compound cornice molding; flat primary fayade; stucco cladding; symmetrical arrangement of fenestration at the primary far,:ade; recessed primary entrance; full-height first-floor-level windows; round arches above doors and first-floor-level windows; smaller and less elaborate second-floor level windows; balustrades (at the entry staircase); and decorative fa9ade articulation including quoins and molded cornices. While some ornamental elements at the building, such as the wrought-iron balconettes, gates, railings, and lighting, reflect a broader Mediterranean Revival style, the fundamental design elements of the building are overwhelmingly Italian Renaissance Revival, and the building exemplifies the style.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Alterations made after original construction was completed in 1924 were concentrated at the rear and south fai;,ade and do not detract from the building's overall Italian Renaissance Revival style and the original design of the building remains readily identifiable. For these reasons, 664 Haddon Street is historically significant under Criteria C (Design/Construction) as a property that embodies the distinctive characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Revival style of architecture. The period of significance for this finding of significance is 1924, the year original construction of the building was completed.
The subject property is also eligible for listing in the NRHP and the CRHR Criteria C/3 (Design/Construction) as a property that represents the work of master architect William E. Schirmer.
Schirmer is recognized as an architect who specialized in fine residential designs and worked nearly exclusively throughout his career in Oakland, Piedmont, and Montclair. After training in the office of, among others, master architect Willis Polk, Schirmer partnered with architect Arthur S. Bugbee, and the firm of Schirmer-Bugbee Company became known for elegant single-family homes and apartment buildings in San Francisco. Oakland, and other Bay Area cities. Starting in 1925 Schirmer practiced independently, and primarily designed large single-family houses in Period Revival styles. His designs are noted for their attention to detail, such as wrought-iron work at windows and doors, and the integration of outdoor and indoor space, especially in his use of sunrooms, French doors, and expansive windows. He is also known for his use of sprawling floor plans, a precursor to the Ranch style which would later exemplify California residential architecture. The dwelling at 664 Haddon Road includes many of the design features which characterize Schirmcr's residential designs, including large size and Period Revival style; integration of outdoor and indoor space through the use of French doors, full-height windows, and sunroorns: and architectural details including wrought-iron work at windows and doors.
Additionally, the 1924 date of construction indicates that 664 Haddon Road was one of Schirmer's earliest commissions following establishment of his independent practice. Finally, Schirmer also designed a one-room addition to the building in 1932. indicating that owner Henry J. Kaiser enjoyed Schirmer's design for the home to a degree that he wished to continue Schirmer's involvement in the property.
Alterations made to the house after original construction was completed in 1924 that are not known to be the work of Schirmer were concentrated at the rear and south fw;:ade and do not detract from the building's overall ability to convey its design as conceived by Schirmer. For these reasons, 664 Haddon Road is historically significant under Criteria C (Design/Construction) as a property that represents the work of a master architect. The period of significance for t his finding of significance is 1924 through 1932, which reflects the year original construction of the huilding was completed through the year that Schirmer designed a one-room addition. Therefore, the su�ject property is eligible for listing in the NRHP and the CR.HR under Criteria C/3.
Criteria D/4:
The subject property is not evaluated in this report for its eligibility fr1r listing in the NRHP and the CR.HR under Criteria D/4. These criteria are applied most commonly to buildings. structures or objects that have been used as a source of archeological data and arc believed to contain more, as yet unretrieved data. The subject property has not been used as a source of archeological data and is not likely to contain as yet unretrieved archeological data. However, evaluation under Criteria D/4 is generally conducted by archeologists, and this report docs not include an evaluation under Criteria D/4 for this reason.
City of Oakland Designated Historic Property Eligibility Evaluative criteria for status as an Oakland Designated Historic Property are included in Appendix D of the Historic Preservation Element of the Oakland General Plan and have been described briefly in the Loca.1 Regulations section of this report. 67 In order to determine whether a property is eligible as a 67 City of Oakland, Oakland General Plan, Historic Preservation Element, September 1993.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California landmark, the property is rated on an Evaluation Sheet for each of fourteen evaluation criteria. 68 The ratings are then converted to numerical scores and added together for a total score, which is then converted into an overall rating--------A, B, C, or D. Buildings ofno interest are given E ratings and buildings that are too recent to rate are giving a rating of F (synonymous with the use of *). A proper ty that has been altered or that is less than 50 years old may also have a contingency rating shown by a lowercase letter, indicating that the property may be eligible for a higher rating in the future. Buildings also receive a numerical rating indicating their association with a district: 1 indicates the building is in an Area of Primary Importance (API). 2 indicates that the building is in an Area of Secondary Importance (AS!), and 3 indicates that the building is not associated with a district. A '•+'' indicates that a building is a contributor to the district, a '·-'' indicates that it is not a contributor. and a '•*'' indicates that it is a potential contributor.
While 664 Haddon Road has likely been previously evaluated as part of the Oakland Cultural Heritage Survey, the survey results were not consulted in the preparation of this report at the request of the client.
The Evaluation Sheet for Landmark Eligibility is included in Appendix C. A brief explanation of the evaluation. including each of the fourteen evaluative criteria, follows. Ratings for the categories of Architecture, History/ Association, and Context below are: Excellent (E), Very Good (VG), Good (G), and Fair/Poor (FP).
A. Architecture
I. Exterior/Design
664 Haddon Road has very good (VG) quality of form, detailing, and overall visual quality. The prope11y embodies the distinctive characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Revival style of architecture and includes close to the full complement of character-defining features of the style, including 1924 date of construction; simple, rectangular massing; two-story height: low-pitched hipped roof with ceramic tile; moderate overhanging eaves supported by a compound cornice molding; flat primary fa<;;ade; stucco cladding; symmetrical arrangement of fenestration at the primary fai;ade; recessed primary entrance; full height first-floor-level windows; round arches above doors and first-floor-level windows; smaller and less elaborate second-floor-level windows; balustrades (at the entry staircase); and decorative fai;ade articulation including quoins and molded cornices. While some ornamental elements at the building, such as the wrought-iron balconettes, gates, railings and lighting, reflect a broader Meditenanean Revival style, the fundamental design elements of the building are overwhelmingly Italian Renaissance Revival, and the building exemplifies the sty le.
2. Interior
The City of Oakland's evaluation process only rates interiors of public buildings, but a review of the interior of 664 Haddon Road indicates that it has very good (VG) interior form and details. The prope11y includes generously sized rooms that have not been altered outside of the period of significance or subdivided such that they would not convey their original design. Original features and details that retain integrity include arched openings and doors, decorative moldings, inlaid floorboards with baseboards, crown moldings, coffered ceilings, exposed beam ceilings, and bathroom finishes and fixtures, among other details.
68 Both the Oakland Cultural Heritage Survey (OCHS) and the Landmarks Preservation Advisory Board (LPAB) criteria and evaluations determine eligibility for Oakland's Local Register. Using either would determine if a building, structure, object. or site is eligible for the Local Register. The OCHS criteria are based on the National and California Register criteria, which have already been analyzed in the Historic Rcsotll'<'-e Evaluation- Therefore, using the LPAB criteria gives an alternate evaluation, making the analysis more comprehensive in determining which properties warrant preservation.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California
3. Construction
Construction is good (G). 664 Haddon Road is a good example of frame construction finished in stucco, of which many good examples exist throughout Oakland.
4. Designer/Builder
Designer/Builder rating is excellent (E). indicating that William E. Schirmer is a designer of primary importance in Oakland. Schirmer is recognized as an architect who specialized in fine residential designs and worked nearly exclusively throughout his career in Oakland, Piedmont, and Montclair. He also contributed to the design of many distinguished apartment buildings in Oakland; designed two Oakland car dealerships; worked in partnership on the design of a Roman Catholic School and Convent in Oakland; and was also part of the design team frir the Alameda County Courthouse.
5. Style/Type
Style/Type is very good (VG), as 664 Haddon Road embodies both the distinctive characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Revival style. and is an example of a type. that is a large, architect-designed home associated with the upper-middle and middle-class in Oakland. In style, 664 Haddon Road includes close to the ful I complement of character-defining features of the ltalian Renaissance Revival style, including 1924 date of construction; simple, rectangular massing; two-story height; low-pitched hipped roof with ceramic tile; moderate overhanging eaves supported by a compound cornice molding; flat primary fa«;:ade; stucco cladding; symmetrical arrangement of fenestration at the primary fa9ade; recessed primary t�ntrance; full-height first-floor-level windows; round arches above doors and first-floor-level windows; smaller and less elaborate second-floor-level windows; balustrades (at the entry staircase); and decorative fai;-,ade atticulation including quoins and molded cornices. The Italian Renaissance Revival-style residential building is a generally common style/type in Oakland and in wealthy residential neighborhoods through the East Bay, so 664 Haddon Road receives a very good rather than excellent rating under this criterion. [n type, 664 Haddon Road was designed by a prestigious architect, located in a restricted residential subdivision, and constructed for a wealthy client. Together, these factors convey a specific type of residential property associated with upper-middle and upper-class residential development in Oakland.
B. History/Association
6. Person/Organization
The property has two significant Person/Organization associations. 664 Haddon Road's association with a Person/Organization is excellent (E) for its association with Henry J. Kaiser. The building was commissioned by Henry J. Kaiser, a person of primary importance in Oakland history. Kaiser lived at the house from its construction in 1924 through approximately 1946, a time period in which Kaiser expanded his industrial empire and made an ongoing series of alterations and improvements to his house. Kaiser was noted for his social activities within his home, and meetings related to his \Vork at his home, including one meeting at which the development of the Kaiser Permanente health care system was initiated. In addition to I ... Ienry J. Kaiser, the property later operated as the first location of Clausen House, a pioneering residential care facility for developmentally disabled persons. Clausen House later purchased an apartment building and initiated what is now its Independent Living Services program (ILS), the first of its kind in Northern California. 664 Haddon Road's association with Clausen House is very good (VG) as the property served as the first location of an innovative care facility.
7. Event
664 Haddon Road's association with events is excellent (E) as it is described in published accounts as the location of a meeting in 1943 where Kaiser along with four doctors discussed the specifics of forming a cooperative plan for health service provision for Kaiser's workforce. From this meeting grew the health SWCA Environmental Consultants 84
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California care conglomerate which continues to carry Kaiser's name and which established a prototype for mass provision of medical care in California and elsewhere.
8. Patterns
664 Haddon Road has a very good (VG) association with the pattern of planned residential subdivision in Oakland. Planned residential subdivisions emerged after the turn of the twentieth century and reflected the influence of the City Beautiful movement. to provide cohesive suburban neighborhoods with a general plan of development. specifications and standards. and the use of deed restrictions to control house design. ensure quality and harmony of construction, and create spatial organization suitable for fine homes in a park setting. As originally designed by noted landscape engineer Mark Daniels, the subdivision of Haddon Hill included curvilinear streets; street furniture including fountains, urns and planters, and a broad flight of marble stairs with a marble puma at the summit; "villa sites'" along the main roads that were wider than they were deep; underground conduits; and proximity to two of Oakland's widest boulevards, Park and Lakeshore. These amenities continued as selling points during the subdivision's later phase of development in the 1920s. 664 Haddon Road is intimately connected to the pattern of planned residential subdivision in Oakland. as it is located on one of the primary sites within the subdivision, at the top of where the subdivision's broad stair was located, and on a "villa lot.'' The pattern itself is of secondary importance, as Haddon Hill was not the only residential subdivision in Oakland nor was it particularly successful in its earliest phase of development, and was not fully developed until the early 1920s. For these reasons 664 Haddon Road qualifies for a rating of very good (VG).
9.Age
664 Haddon Road was constructed in 1924, which qualifies it for a rating of good (G).
10. Site
664 Haddon Road is located on the site on which it was constructed and therefore receives a rating of excellent (E).
C. Context
I I. Continui�y
664 Haddon Road helps establish the character of an area of primary importance, and thus receives a rating of excellent (E) for continuity. In Oakland, an Area of Primary Importance is an area are historically or visually cohesive areas or property groupings that usually contain a high proportion of individual properties with ratings of ·'C" or higher and appear eligible for the NRHP. either as a district or as a historically-related complex. Based on the limited-scope windshield survey completed for this report, the Haddon Hill/Lakemont subdivision is eligible for the NRHP and CRHR under both Criteria Al 1 for its association with the development of City Beautiful-style planned residential subdivisions in Oakland, and Criteria C/3 for its concentration of architect-designed. large- and moderate-scale single-family homes.
The prope1ty is located in a prominent location within the Haddon Hill/Lakemont subdivision, at near to the highest elevation and at the top of the subdivision's original grand marble staircase (since removed). It is also one of the largest properties within the subdivision and reflects the "villa lot"' wherein primary fa-;ades were wider than their depth. The Haddon Hill/Lakemont subdivision would be considered an area of primary importance, as it is a historically and visually cohesive area and property grouping that contains a high proportion of individual properties that are register-eligible, and overall it appears eligible for listing in the NRHP and CRHR.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California
12. Familiarity
664 Haddon Road receives a good (G) rating for familiarity, as it is a conspicuous and familiar feature within the neighborhood where it is located, but due to the residential character of the neighborhood, the property is not particularly familiar to the larger city or the region.
D. Integrity
Ratings in this category are Excellent (E), Good (G), Fair (F). and Poor (P).
13. Condition
664 Haddon Road receives an excellent (E) rating for condition. No apparent surface wear or structural problems were observed during the course of an intensive site visit, and none of the building's design elements appear to require replacement due to deterioration.
14. Exterior Alterations
664 Haddon Road has undergone alterations which bring its rating in this category to good (Ci). Following completion of original construction in 1924, a series of alterations were made between 1931 and 1941 by original owner Henry J. Kaiser, including enclosure of a second-floor-level deck to make a sunroom; a one-room addition; an addition to the garage; partition within the basement to construct servant's quarters; addition of a second-floor-level bedroom over the garage: alterations to the kitchen including new windows; covering a deck with new roof; alterations to the interior and exterior portions of the fireplace; and enlargement of the patio/conservatory and the study. Additional alterations made between 1967 and 1978 include interior renovations for the change of use to a group care facility, and a kitchen remodel: the kitchen remodel has been removed, which is not reflected in the permit record. However, the majority of alterations were made during the property's various periods of significance, which range from 1924 through 1977. and were concentrated at the sides and rear of the building, enabling the overall historic character of the prope1ty to remain strong. For these reasons 664 Haddon Road has a good (G) rating for exterior alterations.
Conclusion
The intensive survey and evaluation assigns 664 Haddon Road a rating of ''Al,'' signifying that the building is of highest importance and is located in a district or area of primaiy importance.
Period of Significance Overview
664 Haddon Road had been found significant under several criteria and contexts, each with a slightly varying period of significance, which are summarized below:
• Criteria A/I for its association with the development of the Kaiser Permanente health care system, with a period of significance of 1943, the year the conference where the creation of the health care system was explicitly discussed took place; • Criteria A/1 for its direct association with Clausen House, which developed an innovative system of care for developmentally disabled adults, with a period of significance of 1967, the year that the Clausen House was established at the subject property, through 1977, the last year that the subject property likely operated as a group home; • Criteria B/2 for its direct association with Henry .J. Kaiser, with a period of significance of 1924, the year the property was commissioned by and constructed for Kaiser, through 1946, the approximate year Kaiser stopped living at the property and moved to a nearby apartment; SWCA Environmental Consultants 86
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon R oad. City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California • Criteria C/3 as a property that embodies the distinctive characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Revival style of architecture, with a period of significance of 1924, the year the house was originally constructed; and
• Criteria C/3 as a property that represents the work of master architect William E. Schirmer, with a period of significance of 1924 through 1932, which reflects the year original construction was completed through the year that Schirmer designed a one-room addition.
Based on this overview of the various periods of significance, the prope11y has two overarching periods of significance. The first begins in 1924, when the prope11y was constructed; continues through the 1920s. 1930s and the first half of the 1940s, when Henry J. Kaiser lived at the prope11y, conducted various business and social events at the property, and oversaw nearly continuous alterations to the prope1iy; and ends in 1946 which is the approximate year that Kaiser moved out of the house. The subject prope11y then has a second, later period of significance associated with its tenure as the first location of Clausen House, from 1967 through 1977. Overall, the periods of signifkance for the property are 1924-1946, and I 966- 1977.
Integrity Assessment
In addition to a finding of historic significance. in order to be eligible for listing on the CRHR or NRHP, a property must retain integrity. Integrity is defined in National Register Bulletin 15 as the ''ability of a prope11y to convey its significance." The National Park Service recognizes seven aspects or qualities of integrity, which include location; design; setting; materials; workmanship; feeling; and association. To retain integrity, a property must possess several. if not all. of these seven qualities.
The subject property has not been moved and therefore retains excellent integrity of location.
The property retains strong integrity of design to its two overarching periods of significance. The property has undergone a series of alterations, detailed on page 83 of this report and summarized here: enclosure of second-floor level sunrooms (1931 ); an unspecified room addition (1932); garage addition ( 1935). construction of a bedroom above the garage and basement remodel ( 1936); an addition to the second-floor library (perhaps 1936); the extension of a staircase and landing (likely 1936); construction of breakfast room bay window (1939), chimney and fireplace alterations (1940): second-floor level solarium enclosure ( I 941 ); and kitchen remodel ( 1978). Additional alterations that are not reflected in the permit history include likely replacement of divided windows with plate windows in the primary (west) fa9ade/living room; construction of exterior staircase at the east side of the south fayade; master closet and glass block wall at the junction of the two facets of the south fa9ade; the glass block wall in the first-floor bathroom; and the insertion of metal kitchen windows. Considered together, these changes reduce integrity of design under the Criteria C/3 findings of significance, namely as a prope11y that embodies the distinctive characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Revival style of architecture, and as a property that represents the work of master architect William E. Schirmer. The periods of significance for these two findings arc 1924 and 1924-1932, respectively, and the majority of alterations at the subject property post-date those years. However, even with this reduced integrity of design as it relates to these two significance findings, the property retains the character-defining design elements of ltal.ian Renaissance Revival style architecture and most of the original design elements and design intent of Schirmer. Therefore, it can be said that the prope11y retains reduced yet sufficient integrity of design to continue to convey its historic significance under these areas. Regarding the remaining findings of significance (Criteria All for two associations, and B/2) the only alterations that are known to have taken place after the periods of significance for these findings include kitchen alterations, which are located in a service area of the house and associated exterior changes to three windows located at rear facades of the building. For this reason, the property retains excellent integrity of design for the findings of significance under Criteria A/1 and B/2.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California The subject property retains excellent integrity of setting, because its immediate setting, including the lot on which it is located, retains a mixture of hardscaping and landscaping which do not appear substantially changed since the periods of significance. and its broader setting, including the residential properties, streets, and general neighborhood character, do not appear substantially changed since the period of significance.
The property retains very strong integrity of materials. Similar to the discussion of the property's integrity of design and workmanship. the alterations detailed on page 88 of this report and summarized above reduce integrity of materials trncier the two Criteria C/3 findings of significance. The periods of significance for these findings are 1924 and 1924-1932, and the alterations at the subject prope1ty that post-date those years removed some of the materials that were used during original construction of the building and the 1932 addition. However, because the majority of these alterations were concentrated at the rear (east) fa9adc of the building; because the material pallet of alterations is largely in kind with the historic material pallet; and because the primary (west) and north facades are almost completely unaltered and retain a significant amount of the building's original materials, the property retains strong integrity of materials and continues to convey its historic significance under Criteria C/3. Regarding the remaining findings of significance (Criteria All for two associations, and B/2) alterations that arc known to have taken place after the periods of significance for these findings include kitchen alterations, which are located in a service area of the house. Associated exterior changes are confined to three windows located at rear facades of the building. These changes removed only a small amount of original materials at the property, and for this reason, the prope11y retains excellent integri ty of workmanship for the findings of significance under Criteria A/I and B/2.
The property retains strong integrity of workmanship. Similar to the discussion of the property· s integrity of design, the alterations detailed on page 83 of this report and summarized above reduce integrity of workmanship under the two Criteria C/3 findings of significance. The periods of significance for these findings are 1924 and 1924-1932. and the alterations at the subject property that post-date those years are likely to have removed some examples of workmanship. However, because the m�jority of these alterations were concentrated at the rear ( east) fi:1yade of the building, and because the primary (west) and north facades are almost completely unaltered and retain the distinctive workmanship elements of Italian Renaissance Revival style architecture and the original workmanship details included in Schirmer's original design of the building, the property retains strong integrity of workmanship and continues to convey its historic significance under Criteria C/3. Regarding the remaining findings of significance (Criteria A/1 for two associations, and B/2) alterations that are known to have taken place after the periods of significance for these findings include kitchen alterations, which are located in a service area of the house. Associated exterior changes are confined to three windows located at rear facades of the building. These changes are not likely to have removed any examples of workmanship at the property. and for this reason, the property retains excellent integrity of workmanship for the findings of significance under Criteria All a nd B/2.
The prope1ty retains very strong integrity of feeling. Integrity of feeling is assessed by determining if the property retains enough physical features, contained in the design, materials and workmanship of the prope1ty, to convey the prope1ty's historic character. As detailed in the preceding discussions of design, materials and workmanship, despite alterations, the property retains reduced yet sufficient integrity under Criteria C/3, and excellent integrity under Criteria A/1 and B/2. For these reasons, the property can easily convey its historic character and retains very strong integrity of feeling.
The property retains excellent integrity of association, because it is the location where the events for which it is historically significant took place, namely it is the residence of Henry J. Kaiser; it is the location where the conference where the creation of Kaiser's health care system took place; and it is the location where Clausen House was established. The property remains able to convey its association with these people and events because the single alteration that has taken place at the property since the period SWCA Environmental Consultants 88
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, Caltfomia of significance affected the kitchen, a secondary area of the property that would not be characterized as causing a major change to the building's historic character.
In summary, the subject property retains excellent integrity of location, setting. and associationand strong integrity of design, materials, workmanship, and feeling. Overall, the property retains sufficient integrity to convey its historic significance and remains eligible for listing on the CR.HR or NRHP.
Character-Defining Features
Character-defining features are the visual and physical features that give a building its identity and distinctive character. They may include the overall building shape, its materials, craftsmanship, decorative details, interior spaces and features. and aspects of its site and environment.
Exterior facades
General
• Two-story height and roughly rectangular footprint
• Rectangular massing
• Stucco exterior
• Recessed volumes at north and south ends of the building • Molded cornices with minimal to moderate eave overhang • Hipped roof covered in clay tile
• Ball-cap finials at the roof corners
Exterior - Primary fayade
• Symmetrical arrangement
• Compound grand staircase including scored concrete landings. balustrades, and fountain • Primary entrance including arched doorway, decorative quoins, French iron security gate. and paneled door
• Wrought-iron sconce lamps with amber-colored glass
• Wrought-iron balconette above primary entrance
• Full-height. wood. four-lite, French casement windows with exaggerated sills and molded cornices
• Full-height, wood. arched. four-lite, French casement windows with exaggerated sills and molded cornices
• Wood, three-lite, French casement windows with exaggerated sills • Wood, arched, six-lite casement windo"vs \vith molded cornices • Beveled profile corners on second floor
Exterior - North fayade, right portion
• Oversized, ornamented, brick chimney that natTows in several step as it ascends • Full-height, wood, arched, four-lite. French casement windows with exaggerated sills and molded cornices. ornamented by wrought-iron balconettes
• Wood, arched, six-lite casement windows with molded cornice Exterior .... North fa<;ade, left po11ion
• Recessed garage entry including dropped, stucco-clad beams spanned by arches and some groin arches, paneled two-car overhead garage door
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California • Pedestrian entrance including curved brick stairs and rectangular landing, arched metal door with circular panes, and wrought-iron grate vvith the letter ·'K'' • Large, arched, steel-sash, window ornamented by a wrought-iron balconette • Wood, arched. four-lite casement windows
Exterior - South Jaryade. left portion
• Canted bay window capped by hipped roof
• Large wrought-iron sconce lamps with amber-colored glass • Beveled profile comers on second floor
• Pair of full height, wood, arched, eight-lite, casement windows ornamented by a wrought-iron balconette
• Wood, arched, six-lite casement windows with molded cornices Exterior - South fayade, right portion
Site
• Wood, flat. eight-lite, c asement windows
• Projecting semicircular tower with large glass block window • Large, arched, steel-sash, window
• Peaked roof line above arched window
Primary (west) yard
• Low retaining wall
• Narrow, landscaped setback with pair of mature Douglas Fir trees North yard
• Narrow landscaped setback
• Curved concrete driveway
• Brick and wood picket fence with floral cut-outs
• Wrought iron railing
South yard
• Te1rnced south yard including divided semi-circular balustrade, with concrete bird bath in the middle
• Low retaining wall ion line with primary faryade of dwelling, including three curved flagstone steps
• Hexagonal. scored concrete patio adjacent to bay window Interior
Basement
• Vestibule apartment
• Wood paneling in apartment
First Floor
• Paneled main entrance door
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California • Closets flanking main entrance
• Main staircase with brass handrail and floral and curlicue balustrade • Groin-vaulted ceiling with rib crown molding
• Pillars with decorative capitals in foyer
• Arched eight-panel wood doors in foyer
• Globe pendant light with amber glass in fciyer
• Light adjacent to main staircase
• Chamfered pilasters with compound cornices
• Tall, molded baseboards
• Wood flooring
• Crown molding throughout interior of house
• Living room fireplace with wood mantel and marble hearth • Dining room
• Multi-light pendant lamp in dining room
• Coved ceiling in dining room
• Arched paneled doors
• Pendant lamp in breakfast room
• Enclosed vestibule adjacent to service corridor
• Metal sconces with globe lamps in service corridor
Second Floor
• Scrollwork chandelier with grapes and grape leaf motif in hallway • Arched wood doors (excluding hollow-core wood doors)
• Wood floors
• Molded baseboards
• Crown molding
• Arched door openings
• Library
• Master bedroom
• Bedrooms
o Roll-down screens
o Glazed door leading to solarium
o Exp osed ceiling beams
o Coffered ceiling
o Wood paneled walls
• Bathroom
o Blue tile, green tile
o Original fixtures
• Solarium with green-tiled floor and roof of translucent safety glass • Lantern sconces
• Fully glazed doors in solarium
• Paired arched doors providing access to library
District Evaluation
The l.J. S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service guidance indicates that a potential historic district must possess a significant concentration, linkage, or continuity of sites, buildings, structures, or objects united historically or aesthetically by plan or physical development. A district derives its SWCA Environmental Consultants 91
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California importance from being a unified entity, that can convey the interrelationship of its resources and provide a visual sense of the overall historic environment and/or arrangement of historically or functionally related properties. A district must be historically significant for either architectural, archeological, engineering, or cultural associations. and must be a definable geographic area that can be distinguished from surrounding prope1ties by changes such as density, scale, type, age, style of sites, buildings, structures, and objects, or by documented differences in patterns of historic development or associations.
Based on research conducted for this report and a limited-scope windshield survey, the portion of Cleveland Heights that was subdivided and developed as Haddon Hill in 1912-1914. and more successfully developed as Lakemont in 1920-1928 is historically significant as a district under Criteria.
A/I (Events) for its association with the development of City Beautiful-style planned residential subdivisions in Oakland. The street plan of Haddon Hill was designed in 1912 by renowned landscape engineer Mark Daniels, a pioneer in the City Beautiful design movement who also designed the Forest Hills subdivision in San Francisco. Daniels provided many characteristic City Beautiful design elements in Haddon Hill, including curvilinear streets, street furniture including fountains, urns and planters, a broad flight of marble stairs with a marble puma at the top designed by prolific sculptor Arthur Putnam.
Daniels also incorporated an innovative plan for '"villa sites" in Haddon Hill, wherein lots along the main roads were wider than they were deep. allowing the construction of large homes with imposing primary facades. The subdivision was also reportedly the first in the Bay Area to bury its utility lines in underground conduits. While the first phase of development of the subdivision did not include extensive residential construction, the high quality of the layout, amenities, and location of the subdivision contributed to its rapid development during its second phase of development under new ownership, from 1920- 1928. By 1928, approximately 78 percent of the neighborhood was developed. Due to the City Beautiful design elements of the subdivision, it appears to be historically significant under Criterion A (Events). The period of significance for this finding of significance is 1912, the year construction began in the subdivision, through 1928, the end of the period of rapid construction in the subdivision's second phase of development. 664 Haddon Road would qualify as a contributing resource within this potential historic district.
Based on research conducted for this report and a limited-scope windshield survey, the portion of Cleveland Heights that was subdivided and developed as Haddon Hill in 1912-1914. and more successfully developed as Lakemont in 1920-1928 is also historically significant as a district under Criterion C (Design/Construction) for its concentration of architect-designed, large- and moderate-scale single family homes. Homes built during both phases of development vary in size, as intended based on the inclusion of a variety of sizes of lots within the subdivision. Small bungalows were constructed on Kenwyn Road, with more spacious two-story homes on Radnor Road, and the largest houses located in the center of the subdivision, on the 600 block of Haddon Road. Prope1iies vary in style. common within subdivisions where owners purchased lots and hired their own preferred architects. Period revival styles dominate the neighborhood, reflecting a broader trend in architecture in the l 920s, with most homes designed in the Italian Renaissance Revival or Spanish Colonial Revival style, with examples of Tudor Revival and French Eclectic as well. Noted architects who designed houses in Haddon Hill/Lakemont include Charles W. Dickey (662 Kenwyn Road; 1914), architect of the Claremont Hotel; Leonard Cooke with possible design assistance or extensive alterations by Julia Morgan (636 Hill girt Circle, I 9 I 4; 19 I 7); William E. Schirmer (664 Haddon Road, 1923), who later collaborated on the design the Alameda County Superior Court building; Sidney and Noble Newsome (609 Kcnwyn Road, .1928), designers of many notable Bay Area homes; Douglas Dacre Stone (590 Merritt Road. 1928), architect of Oakland Children's Hospital and other hospitals around the Bay Area; and Alfred W. Smith (551 Haddon Road, 1929, and 589 Haddon Road, 1924), an extremely prolific Bay Area designer, known to have designed over 400 houses, commercial and industrial buildings, apartment buildings, churches, lodges, and institutional buildings during his career. Lakemont was almost completely built-out during the surge of construction between 1921 and 1928; fewer than two dozen houses were built here between 1929 and 1955, and while some homes have been modernized through alterations, the district includes very few examples of SWCA Environmental Consultants 92
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road. City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California contemporary construction. Overall, the area that was subdivided as Haddon Hill and more fully developed as Lakemont includes a notable concentration of architect-designed, large- and moderate-scale single family homes with very few alterations and examples of new construction. and appears to be historically significant under Criterion C (Design/Construction). The period of significance for this finding of significance is 1912. the year construction began in the subdivision, through 1928, the end of the period of rapid construction in the subdivision's second phase of development. 664 Haddon Road would qualify as a contributing resource within this potential historic district.
IX. CONCLUSION
Based on the preceding investigation and analysis. 664 Haddon Road is eligible for the NRHP and the CRlJR under Criteria A/l because it is directly associated with the development of the Kaiser Permanente health care system; under Criteria A/1 because it is directly associated with the development of the innovative care center Clausen House; under Criteria B/2 because it is directly associated with the significant American industrialist Henry J. Kaiser; under Criteria C/3 as a property that embodies the distinctive characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Revival style of architecture; and under Criteria C/3 as the work of a locally-recognized master architect, William E. Schirmer. The property would also be considered a contributor to a Haddon liill/Lakemont historic district, which, based on a windshield survey and limited research conducted for this report, appears to be eligible for the NRHP and CRHR under Criteria A/1 for its association with the development of City Beautiful-style planned residential subdivisions in Oakland, and under Criteria C/3 for its concentration of architect-designed, large- and moderate-scale single family homes. Overall, the periods of significance for the property under these various themes of significance are 1924-1946. and 1966-1977. Although the property has undergone a series of alterations, all but one known-completed alterations were commissioned by Henry J. Kaiser, and took place during the property's periods of significance. Additionally, the majority of the alterations are located at secondary facades of the prope1ty, leaving the most significant character defining features of the property intact. For these reasons, the property retains amply sufficient integrity to convey its historic significance. Finally, using an evaluative framework established by the City of Oakland, the property is eligible for Oakland Designated Historic Property status. with a rating of "A 1,'' indicating that it is a building of highest importance. located in an area of primary importance. For these reasons, the property will be considered a historic resource for the purposes of CEQA.
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REFERENCES CITED
American institute of Architects, "Membership File of William E. Schirmer." American institute of Architects. "Architects Roster questionnaire, 1946, of William E. Schirmer.'' Bagwell, Beth. Oakland: The Stmy <?/ a Ci�v. Novato, CA: Presidio, 1982.
Bay Area Times. "Kaiser Permanente buys founder's historic home.'' March 31, 2017.
Chicago Tribune. "Kaiser Urges Group Medicine." September 23, 1943.
City of Oakland, Department of Planning and Building (OPB). Building Permits. Various dates.
City of Oakland. Department of Planning and Building (OPB ). ''Historical and Architectural Rating System." http://www2.oaklandnet.com/ government/o/PBN/OurServices/Historic/DO WD009 I 5 5, accessed May 24, 2018.
Clausen House. ''A Brief History of Clausen House.'' Electronic document. clausenhouse.org/2014/about, accessed April 27, 2018.
Corbett, Michael, Mai:jorie Dobkin, and William Kostura. "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Port of San Francisco Embarcadero Historic District," January 2006.
County of Alameda, Assessor.
Daniels, Mark. '·California as a Place of Homes,'' Cal(/ornia A1agazine, Volume I, Issue l, July 1915.
De Kruif, Paul. Kaiser Wakes the Doctors. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co., 1943.
Eliassen, Roger and Jerr Metzker. Piedmont Post. •'Clausen House - Serving the Community for 50 Years.'' October 4, 2017.
Eureka Humboldt Standard. ''Monday Burial for Dr. Edwin Clausen." February 16, 1966.
Garry. Valerie. "2007 Partners in Preservation award winners." Oakland Heritage Alliance News 27, no. l (2007): 4-5.
Heiner, Albert. Henry.I. Kaiser, Western Colossus: An Insider's View. San Francisco: Halo Books, 1991.
Historic Preservation Element, Oakland General Plan. Oakland: Oakland City Council, 1993.
Hustead's Alameda, Berkeley, and Oakland City Directory, 1895.
Koy), George S., ed. American Architects Directory. New York: R.R. Bowker Company, 1956. '·Mark Daniels." OutsideLands.org (Western Neighborhoods Project). http://outsidelands.org/daniels.php, accessed April 15, 2018.
Mark Daniels resume, San Francisco Heritage.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California McAlester. Virginia and Lee McAlester. A Field Guide to American Houses. 2nd ed. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 2013.
MotTow, Irving. ·'Humanity in Apartment Houses:' Architect & Engineer, LXV, no.2 (1921): 48-67.
National Park Service. National Register Bulletin 15: H1JW to Apply the 1\fational Register Criteria.for Evaluation. Washington, D.C.: National Park Service, 2002.
Oakland Annexation map, in the collection of the Oakland Public Library, History Center.
Oakland Cultural Heritage Survey. "HDI - Haddon Hill District, HRI# 4623-3511-9999." Form DPR 523, Department of Parks and Recreation, The Resources Agency, State of California. September 30, 1996,
Oakland Heritage Alliance. '''Hidden· Haddon Hill. a Mediterranean Gem.'' Self-published booklet for walking tour, May 20, 1990.
Oakland Museum of California, '·H. G. Prince Employees (1918)." http://collections.museumca.org/qtvr panos/qtvr7.htm I, accessed May 6, 2018.
Oakland Ttibune. "Advertisement for Haddon Hill. at the Head of Lake Merritt.'' September 8. 1913.
Oakland Tribune. "Adve1tisement for Lakemont (Formerly Haddon Hill)." August 27, I 920.
Oakland Tribune. ''Final Rites Held for Dr. Clausen." February 14, 1966.
Oakland Tribune. ''Obituary of Edwin G. Clausen." February 21, 1966.
Peralta Hacienda Historical Park 'vvebsite. "Peralta Family History.'' http://www.peraltahaciencla.org/pages/main.php?pageicl=69, accessed May 5, 2018.
Phillips, Ed, Betty Marvin, and Lynn Fonfa. Handout for Oakland Heritage Alliance Walking Tour of Haddon Ilill, August 12. 1989.
Rather, Lois. Oakland's Image: A History of Oakland, Cal(fornia. Oakland, CA: The Rather Press, 1972.
San Francisco Call. "Jordan Tract is Subdivided:' September 9, 1912.
San Francisco Chronicle. ''Find a House and Fill It.: Oakland's Kaiser mansion on market after over 20 years.'' July 25, 2004.
San Francisco Chronicle. "Innovation Tried in Select Park:' September 21, 1912.
San Francisco Chronicle. ''Lakemont Soon to go on Market.'' August 14, 1920.
San Francisco Chronicle. ''Obituary of Jay W. Patterson, III.'' September 16, 2010.
San Francisco Chronicle. "Sales Record is Smashed by Transbay Firm.'' September 4, 1920.
San Francisco Examiner, April 19, 1914.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California San Francisco Examiner. Letters to the Editor. March 13, 1942.
Sanborn Fire Insurance Map Company. Insurance Maps of Oakland, California. 1928-1969.
Street Advisor, '•Cleveland Heights." http://www.streetadvisor.com/cleveland-heights-oakland-alameda county-california, accessed May 6, 2018.
Taylor, Frank. "Article about Henry Kaiser." Saturday Evening Post. June 7, 1941.
Weinstein, Dave. "Serious Craftsmanship," SF Gate, August 2, 2008, https :/ /www .sfgate.com/bayarea/articl e/Serious-craftsmanship-3201625. php#photo-2342213, accessed May 24, 2018.
www.ancestry.com
California Death Index, l 940-1997
Social Security Death Index
US City Directories, 1822-1995
US Federal Census 1870-1940
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Regulatory Setting
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REGULATORY SETTING
This section discusses the applicable federal, state, and local laws, ordinances. regulations, and standards infrwming the identification of eligible historical resources.
Federal Regulations
National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)
The NRHP was established by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 as ''an authoritative guide to be used by Federal, State. and local governments, private groups and citizens to identify the Nation ·s cultural resources and to indicate what properties should be considered for protection from destruction or impairment" (36 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] 60.2. The NRHP recognizes properties that are significant at the national. state. and local levels. In general, a resource must be 50 years of age to be considered for the NRHP, unless it satisfies a standard of exceptional importance. To be eligible for listing in the NRHP, a resource must be significant in American history, architecture, archaeology, engineering, or culture. Districts, sites. buildings. structures, and objects of potential significance must also possess integrity of location. design. setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. A property is eligible for the NRHP if it is significant under one or more of the following criteria:
• Criterion A: lt is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history;
• Criterion B: It is associated with the lives of persons who are significant in our past; • Criterion C: It embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; and/or • Criterion D: It has yielded. or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.
In addition to meeting these criteria, a property must retain historic integrity, which is defined in National Register Bulletin 15 as the '·ability of a property to convey its significance. "69 In order to assess integrity, the National Park Service recognizes seven aspects or qualities that, considered together, define historic integrity. To retain integrity, a property must possess several. if not all. of these seven qualities:
I. Location - the place where the historic property was constructed or the place where the historic event occurred;
2. Design ..... the combination of elements that create the form, plan, space, structure, and style of a property;
3. Setting- the physical environment of a historic property;
4. Materials ...... the physical elements that were combined or deposited during a particular period of time and in a particular pattern or configuration to frmn a historic property; 69 National Park Service. National Register Bulletin 15: flow to Apply tht· National Register Criteria ft,r Evaluation (Wnshington, D.C.; National Park Service, 2002).
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road. City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California
5. Workmanship - the physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture or people during any given period in history or prehistory:
6. Feeling - a property's expression of the aesthetic or historic sense of a pmiicular period of time; and
7. Association - the direct link between an important historic event or person and a historic property.
State Regulations
California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR)
Created in 1992 and implemented in 1998, the CRHR is ''an authoritative guide in California to be used by state and local agencies, private groups. and citizens to identify the state's historical resources and to indicate what properties are to be protected, to the extent prudent and foasible, from substantial adverse change.'' 7° Ce1iain prope1iies, including those listed in or formally determined eligible for listing in the NRHP and California Historical Landmarks numbered 770 and higher, are automatically included in the CRHR. Other prope1iies recognized under the California Points of Historical Interest program, identified as significant in historical resources surveys or designated by local landmarks programs, may be nominated for inclusion in the CRHR. A resource, either an individual property or a contributor to a historic district, may be listed in the CRHR if the State Historical Resources Commission determines that it meets one or more of the following criteria, which are modeled on NRHP criteria:
• Criterion I: It is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California's history and cultural heritage. • Criterion 2: It is associated with the lives of persons important in our past. • Criterion 3: lt embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values.
• Criterion 4: It has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in history or prehistory. 71
Resources nominated to the CRH R must retain enough of their historic character or appearance to convey the reasons for their significance. Resources whose historic integrity docs not meet NRHP criteria may still be eligible for listing in the CRHR.
Local Regulations
City of Oakland Designated Historic Property
Local landmarks in the City of Oakland are known as Historic Properties and are under the aegis of the City of Oakland Planning and Building Department.
70 Publk Resources Code, Sections 21083.2 and 21084.1.
71 Public Resources Code, Section 15024.1 ( c).
SWCA Environmental Consultants
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, Caltfornia In order to determine whether a property is eligible for inclusion on the local register as a designated historic property, the property is rated on an Evaluation Sheet for each of fourteen evaluation criteria. 72 These criteria are grouped into four categories: architecture, history, context, and integrity. The ratings are then converted to numerical scores and added together for a total score, which is then converted into an overall rating-A, B, C, D, or E. An A property is of highest importance, a B property is of major importance, a C property is of secondary importance, and a D property is of minor importance. E prope1iies are "of no particular interest.'' A property that has been altered or that is less than 50 years old may also have a contingency rating shown by a lowercase letter, i ndicating that the property may be eligible for a higher rating if alterations are removed or as the property becomes age-eligible in the future.
Buildings also receive a numerical rating indicating their association with a district: 1 indicates the building is in an Area of Primary Impotiance (API), 2 indicates that the building is in an Area of Secondary Importance (ASI), and 3 indicates that the building is not associated with a district. A •'+" indicates that a building is a contributor to the district, a "-" indicates that it is not a contributor, and a ''*'' indicates that it is a potential contributor.
The City of Oakland considers properties with A, B, C, and contingency ratings of C and above to ''warrant consideration for possible preservation." 73 These properties, if not already Designated Historic Properties, are classified as Potential Designated Historic Properties (PDHPs).
Evaluation for Designation as a City of Oakland Local Historic District The Historic Preservation Element of the City of Oakland General Plan describes two levels of Preservation Districts: Class I Preservation Districts are all APls identified by the intensive survey plus other areas that meet the ''Guidelines for Determination of Preservation District Eligibility,'' and Class 2 Preservation Districts are all ASls identified by the intensive survey plus other areas that meet the "Guidelines for Determination of Preservation District Eligibility.'' 74 A Pis are areas that have been identified by an intensive survey as having a high proportion of individual properties with ratings of "C" or higher. At least two-thirds of the prope1iies within an API must be contributory to the APl, i.e. they reflect the AP l's principal historical or architectural themes. A Pis appear eligible for the National Register of Historic Places either as districts or as historically related complexes.
In general, properties with excellent or good integrity that were constructed within the period of significance and are otherwise compatible will contribute to National Register districts.
ASls are similar to Areas of Primary Importance except that an ASI does not appear eligible for the National Register. and altered properties which do not now contribute to the ASI but would if restored are counted as contributors for purposes of the two-thirds threshold. In general, propetiies with fair integrity may contribute to ASis.
Status of a Building as a Historical Resource for CEQA
In the City of Oakland, an historical resource under CEQA is a resource that meets any of the following Thresholds of Significance:
71 Both the Oakland Cuhural Heritage Survey (OCHS) and the Landmarks Preservation Advisory Board (LJ>AB) criteria and evaluations determine eligibility for Oakland's Local Register. Using either would determine if a building, structure. object, or site is eligible for the Local Register. The OCHS criteria arc based on the National and California Register criteria, which have already b.::en analyzed in the Historic Resource Evaluation. Therefore, using the LPAB criteria gives an alternate evaluation. making the analysis more comprehensive in determining which properties warrant preservation. 7' "Summary of the Historic Preservation Element of the Oakland General Plan," City of Oakland (adopted 1994. http://www2.oaklandnet.com/oakca l/groups/ccda/clocuments/wcbcontcnt/oak035242.pdf; accessed May 2. 2018). n Oakland General Plan. Historic Preservation Element, Chapter 4: Preservation lnc.::ntives and R.::gulations, Policy
2.2: Landmark and Preservation District Eligibility Criteria.
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California 1) A resource listed in, or determined to be eligible for listing in, the California Register of Historical Resources;
2) A resource included in Oakland's Local Register of historical resources, unless the preponderance ofevidence demonstrates that it is not historically or culturally significant; 3) A resource identified as significant (e.g., rated 1-5) in a historical resource survey recorded on Department of Parks and Recreation Form 523. unless the preponderance of evidence demonstrates that it is not historically or culturally significant; 4) Any object, building, structure, site. area, place, record, or manuscript which the Oakland City Council determines to be historically significant or significant in the architectural, engineering. scientific. economic, agricultural, educational. social, political, military, or cultural annals of California, provided the determination is supported by substantial evidence in light of the whole record. Generally, a resource is considered "historically significant" if it meets the criteria for listing on the California Register of Historical Resources (CEQA Guidelines section 15064.5); or 5) A resource that is determined by the City Council to be historically or culturally significant even though it docs not meet the other four criteria listed here.
A "local register of historical resources" means a list of properties officially designated or recognized as historically significant by a local government pursuant to a local ordinance or resolution, unless the preponderance of evidence demonstrates otherwise.
In March 1994, the Oakland City Council adopted a llistoric Preservation Element of the General Plan (amended July 21, 1998), The Historic Preservation Element sets out a graduated system of ratings and designations resulting from the Oakland Cultural Heritage Survey (OCHS) and Oakland Zoning Regulations. The Element provides Policy 3.8: "Definition of 'Local Register of Historical Resources' and Historic Preservation 'Significant Effects' for Environmental Review Purposes" related to identifying historic resources under CEQA:
For purposes of environmental review under the California Environmental Quality Act, the following properties will constitute the City of Oakland's Local Register of Historical Resources:
I. All Designated Historic Prope1iies (Landmarks, Heritage Properties, Study List Properties, Preservation Districts, and S-7 and S-20 Preservation Combining Zone Properties); and
2. Those Potential Designated Historic Properties that have an existing rating of·'A'" or "B'' or are located within an Area of Primary Importance.
The Local Register also includes properties within APls. An AP! is a district that appears eligible for the National Register of Historic Places.
Summary of Process of Historic Resource Evaluation for CEQA Purposes 664 Haddon Road and the adjacent residential buildings are evaluated in this report to arrive at two findings, which will determine whether they are considered historic resources for the purposes of CEQA:
I, Eligibility for listing as an individual resource and/or historic district in the California Register of Historical Resources (Category 1 ); and
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Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, Caltfornia
2. Individual rating of A, B. or C under the Oakland Designated Historic Property Criteria for Eligibility, and district rating of API or AS[ under the Oakland Guidelines for Preservation District Eligibility (Category 2).
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Research and Field Methodology
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RESEARCH AND FIELD METHODOLOGY
This evaluation was conducted and completed in accordance with the practices described in the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines fiJr Historic Preservation, including standards for planning, identifying, evaluating, and documenting resources. Applicable national. state, and local level criteria were considered.
Cultural Resource Record Search
SWCA requested a CHRIS records search (within a 350-foot radius of the subject property) at the Northwest Information Center (NWIC) at Sonoma State University on April 25, 2018. In addition to official maps a nd records, the following sources of information were consulted a-, part of the records search:
• California Historic Resources Inventory (HR!)
• California Points of Historical Interest
• California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR)
• California State Historical Landmarks
• City of Oakland Designated Historic Properties and Historic Districts • National Register of llistoric Places (NRHP)
Previously Recorded Resources
The CHRIS records search identified no previously recorded resources within a 350-foot radius of the subject property.
Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Studies
The CHRIS records search revealed that no cultural resource studies have been previously conducted within 350 foet of the subject property.
Additional Research
Further property and neighborhood-specific research was performed to confirm and/or inform building construction dates of the subject property and characterize the historical development of the surrounding area. In addition to reviewing building permits on file with the City of Oakland Planning and Building Department, the following digital archives and organizations were consulted in an effort to identify relevant historic photographs, newspaper articles, city directories, and maps:
• Alameda County Assessor
• Ancestry .com
• Calisphere
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• Online Archive of California
• ProQuest
• San Francisco Public Library
• Sanborn fire insurance maps
As part of the Historical Resource Evaluation, Ms. Farr and Mr. White conducted a built environment survey of the subject property on April 19, 2018. The purpose of the survey was to identify and photograph the subject property and to inform its historical significance evaluation. The field survey consisted of a visual inspection of the existing building and any associated features. Mr. White and Ms.
FaIT also performed a reconnaissance survey of the surrounding area, in consideration of any potential historic districts and to identify other similar property types. All field notes, photographs. and records related to the current study are on file at the SWCA Pasadena office.
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Historic and Neighborhood Context: Oakland
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HISTORIC AND NEIGHBORHOOD CONTEXT
Oakland
The first inhabitants of the Oakland area were indigenous Ohlone. hunter-gatherers who occupied the land and utilized its resources undisturbed until Spanish explorers discovered the area in the I 770s. The Ohlone did not have extended contact with the Spanish until 1797 when Mission de San Jose was established in present-day Fremont. In 1820, the Spanish government granted a vast swath of land spanning from the shores of San Francisco Bay to the crest of the Oakland hills. and from the present-day cities of San Leandro at the south and Albany at the north, to retired military soldier Luis Maria Peralta, encompassing all of what would later become the City of Oakland. Peralta used this land to graze cattle until 1842, when he sub-divided and gifted it to his four sons.
The 1849 Gold Rush that notoriously impacted San Francisco also brought new settlement to Oakland.
Miners, lumbermen, businessmen. bankers. and speculators began to settle in small shoreline communities in the East Bay, establishing towns such as Clinton. San Antonio. and Oceanview. In 1850, a consortium of three East Coast men-Horace W. Carpenter, Edson Adams, and Andrew Moon---each leased l 60 acres ofland from Vincente Peralta. son of Luis Peralta, and opened the land to squatters. The consortium hired Swedish engineer Julius Kellersberger to plat the land in a gridded pattern, starting at the Bay, and sold these lots. despite holding no legal claim to the land. Peralta never regained ownership of his land, and Oakland incorporated in 1852. spanning from what is today West Oakland to Lake Merritt, and from the Bay to 22nd Street. At this time, Lake Merritt was a broad tidal estuary. east of which the small towns of Clinton and San Antonio merged in 1856 to form Brooklyn. which remained a separate municipality until annexation by Oakland in 1872.
Transportation improved rapidly, including fetTy service to San Francisco in 1854. a bridge to Brooklyn in 1856, and the arrival of the Central Pacific Railroad in 1863. In 1869, Oakland became the western terminus of the Transcontinental Railroad, which brought unprecedented numbers of settlers, tourists, and rail workers. West Oakland developed into a shipping and rail transportation hub, and a manufacturing center for agricultural products and lumber. As industry increased, residential and commercial communities started to fill in the city limits. By 1880, the population of Oakland stood at 34,555. more than twenty times what it had been in 1860. 75 By the turn of the twentieth century, Oakland's burgeoning population was served by four daily newspapers, 50 churches, 14 schools, 4 theaters, a public libraty, a hospital, and several small colleges. 76
The 1906 Earthquake shook Oakland, but the City was spared the devastating post-quake fire that crippled San Francisco. Thousands of displaced San Franciscans took immediate refuge in Oakland, and many settled permanently. Oakland continued to grow geographically, increasing to nearly its present size by 1909. with the annexation of the hills area, Fruitvale, Melrose. Elmhurst, and the area south to San Leandro. While the City's civic and commercial development was concentrated in the area around Broadway and 14th Street, real estate developers planned working-class and more affluent residential enclaves in North Oakland, West Oakland, and East Oakland, connected by a network of privately owned, neighborhood-serving rail transport:-1tion known as the Key System.
Oakland assumed control of its waterfront from private entities in 1910 and the port of Oakland expanded to become a leading industrial shipping and warehousing district. Oakland's shipyards boomed during 75 Beth Bagwell, Oakland: 7he Sto1:i1 of a City (Novato, CA: Presidio, 1982) 59,76 Hustcad's Alameda, Berkeley. and Oakland City Directory, 1895.
SWCA Environmental Consultants
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California World War I, with at least 50,000 people employed by the shipyards in 1918. 77 Prosperity continued after the war, and several automobile assembly plants opened in East Oakland, allowing Oakland to be known as "the Detroit of the West."78
While development slowed during the Great Depression. Oakland rebounded in the lead-up to World War II. The Bay Bridge opened in 1936 and connected Oakland and San Francisco, easing the intercity commute and likely drawing new residents to Oakland. As World War II began. the City's population exploded with wartime workers. including many African Americans who migrated from the South to work in the area's massive shipyards, including Moore Dry Dock in Oakland. Bethlehem Shipyard in Alameda, and the Kaiser Shipyards in Richmond. The City's canning industry was also hugely active during this era, with output of canneries in the Fruitvale district valued at $ I 00 million. 79 In 1945, the City's population had risen to 405,30 I.
Oakland's economy remained strong after World War II, reflecting general national prosperity, as well as the City's unique ability to capitalize on the rise of containerized shipping. In contrast to the narrow •'finger pier" infrastructure in San Francisco. Oakland's po1t had large landholdings, a spacious waterfront. and access to rail and truck transportation routes, and was therefore one of the earliest adopters of the new shipping method. Containerized shipping quickly replaced older shipping methods, and by the late I 960s, Oakland had the second largest container po1t in the world. 80 The postwar emphasis on the automobile led to increased residential development in the suburbs and the construction of multiple new freeways through Oakland to reach outlying areas. The BART line was conceived of and constructed during this era as well. to better connect suburban areas with Oakland and San Francisco. Increased economic and racial segregation were byproducts of suburban development and freeway construction, as implicit racial biases in new neighborhoods prevented many African Americans from relocating. and existing African American neighborhoods were demolished as highways were built.
Through the 1960s and 1970s Oakland experienced infrastructure decline associated with entrenched poverty, deindustrialization. and a weak urban tax base. The Black Panther Paity was established in Oakland in 1966 in response to some of these economic and racial inequities.
In the 1980s, a tight real estate market in San Francisco sparked redevelopment and reinvestment in Oakland. especially downtown. 81 Homebuyers began purchasing and restoring homes in Oakland's neighborhoods, many of which retained strong local character. The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake damaged many of older buildings in Oakland and crippled highway travel for months as portions of the Bay Bridge and the 880-freeway collapsed. The City wa<; struck again by natural disaster in 1991 when a firestorm in the hills killed 25 people and destroyed 4,000 homes. However, the City's population remained steady throughout the I 990s and 2000s, and was recorded as 395,81 7 in 2011. Oakland has in recent years been party to the strong economy of the entire Bay Area. associated with Silicon Valley and the technology sector.
77 Lois Rather, Oakla11d's Image: A History ofOakla11d. California (Oakland, CA: The Rather Press, 1972) 87. 78 Historic Preservation Element, Oakland General Plan (Onklnnd: Oakland City Council, 1993), 1-8. 79 Oakland Museum of California, "H. G. Prince Employees (1918)", accessed on line at http://collections.museumca.org/gtvr panos/qtvr7.html. May 6, 2018. 80 Michael Corbett with Ma1:iorie Dobkin, William Kostura, "National Register of Historic Places Registrntion Form:
Port of San Francisco Embarcadero l··listori,: District,·· January 2006, 21. 81 Bagwell. 260-262.
SWCA Environmental Consultants
1-/istorical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Appendix D.
Resumes of Key Staff
SWCA Environmental Consultants
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California This page intentionalfv lefi blank:
SWCA Environmental Consultants
Resume SWCA
NELSON WHITE, M.S.H.P., PROJECT MANAGER I ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN Mr. White is a federally qualified professional (36 CFR 61) in the fields of architectural history and historic preservation, with eight years of experience. He is knowledgeable in the history and development of American cities and suburbs.
His l�Xperience includes dozens of Historical Resource Assessments, impacts assessments, property histories, Historic Resource Surveys, Cultural Resource Studies, and Caltrans compliance reports throughout California. These projects have utilized local, state, and federal designation criteria to evaluate properties for eligibility as a historic resource for local consideration, for the purposes of CEQA, and as a historic property under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act.
YEARS OF EXPERIENCE
9 EXPERTISE
Architectural History
Historic; Preservation
History
EDUCATION
M.S., Historic Preservation; School of
the Art Institute Chicago, Illinois; 2006
B.A., Architectural History and Urban
Design; Depaul University, Chicago,
Illinois; 1999
Postgraduate Certificate Program:
Public Interest Design; Archeworks:
Chicago, Illinois; 2000
REGISTRATIONS/ CERTIFICATIONS
Meets and exceeds requirements in the
Secretary of the Interior's Professional
Qualifications Standards in History,
Architectural History, and Historic
Preservation
AWARDS/HONORS
Honorable Mention, Charles E. Peterson
Prize, HABS (2005)
MEMBERSHIPS
Steering Committee 2011 and 2017,
California Preservation Conference
SELECTED PROJECT EXPERIENCE (* DENOTES PROJECT EXPERIENCE PRIOR TO SWCA)
Historical Resource and Archeological Assessment for the former Fire Station 53; Los Angeles, California; LADPW BOE. In anticipation of selling the property, SWCA was retained to conduct a Historical Resource and Archeological Assessment in order to determine whether significant cultural resources occur in the subject property, and to make recommendations for avoiding adverse effects to those resources. Role: Architectural Historian. Co11ducted inte11sive level field survey, archival research, authored the architectural description, site history, and the evaluation. Supervised the authorship of historical context and preparation of California Departme11t of Parks and Recreation 523 series resource form (DPR).
Main Street Lighting Improvement Unit 1; Los Angeles, California; LAD PW BOE. SWCA is providing cultural resources services to City of Los Angeles Department of Public Works, Bureau of Engineering, for a streetlight improvement project receiving Caltrans local assistance funds. Services include preparation of cultural resource documents in compliance with Caltrans guidelines, including Archaeological Survey Report, Historical Resources Evaluation Report, and Historic Property Survey Report. Role: Architectural Historian.
Recordation of San Pedro Boat Works Historic District; Los Angeles, California; Port of Los Angeles. SWCA updated the existing 2008 DPR form, which recorded the site as a building. To better reflect the entire site, SWCA recorded the property as a historic district composed of six primary contributors, six secondary contributors, and three non-contributors.
SWCA found the property to be eligible for the California Register of Historical Resources under Criterion 1. Role: Architectural Historian. Conducted intensive-level field survey, archival research, and evaluation. Prepared California Departme11t of Parks and Recreation 523 series resource form (DPR).
638 New High Street and 675 North Spring Street Historical Resources Assessments (HRA) and Project Impact Analyses; Los Angeles, California; Redcar CT4 Owner LLC.
Redcar CT4 commissioned SWCA to prepare two separate Historical Resource Surveys, with Impacts Analysis, to identify and evaluate any historic resources and to analyze effects of project implementation including demolition and construction of the proposed project. Role:
Project Manager/Architectwal Historian. Co11ducted intensive-level field sutVey, and archival research. Authored the HRA. Prepared California Department of Parks and Recreation 523 seties resource form (DPR).
643 and 649 North Spring Street Project Impacts Analyses; Los Angeles, California; Redcar CT4 Owner LLC. As addenda to HRAs previously prepared by SWCA, Redcar CT4 hired SWCA to prepare analyses of the effects of project implementation including demolition and construction of the proposed project. Role: Project Manager/Architectural Histotian. Authored the Impacts A11alyses addenda to existing HRAs Page I 1
SWCA Resume
Historical Resource and Archeological Assessment for the Algin Sutton Pool Replacement and Bathhouse Renovation Project; Los Angeles, California; Lehrer Architects LA. Lehrer Architects LA commissioned SWCA to prepare a Historical Resources and Archeological Assessment, to identify and evaluate any historic resources and to analyze effects of project implementation including demolition and construction of the proposed project. Role: Architectural Historian. Conducted intensive-level field suNey and archival research. Authored the architectural description, site history, and the evaluation. SupeNised the authorship of histon'cal context and preparation of Caltfornia Depattment of Parks and Recreation 523 series resource form (DPR).
Historical Resource and Archeological Assessment for the Van Ness Recreation Center and Bathhouse Project; Los Angeles, California; Lehrer Architects LA. Lehrer Architects LA commissioned SWCA to prepare a Historical Resources and Archeological Assessment, to identify and evaluate any historic resources and to analyze effects of project implementation including demolition and construction of the proposed project. Role: Architectural Histon'an. Conducted intensive-level field survey and archival research. Authored the architectural description, site history, and the evaluation. SupeNised the authorship of historical context and preparation of Caltform'a Depattment of Parks and Recreation 523 series resource form (DPR).
Cultural Resources Study for Konocti County Water District Raw Water Intake and Pump Station Replacement Project; Konocti County, California; McGinnis and Associates. McGinnis and Associates LLC retained SWCA to provide environmental support services, including cultural resources studies in support of the Konocti County Water District Water Treatment Plant Project located in the city of Clearlake in Lake County, California. This consisted of a cultural resources records search and literature review, Native American coordination, a cultural resources survey, and preparation of a cultural resources technical report. Role: ArcMectural Historian. Researched and assessed significance of water treatment plant group resource. Prepared Caltfornia Department of Parks and Recreation 523 series resource form (DPR).
Monterey Airport Historic Resources Survey Report, 2016 Update; Monterey, California; Coffman Associates, Inc. In support of CEQA environmental review, SWCA prepared an update to its previous historic resources survey and evaluation for the Monterey Regional Airport. Mr.
White surveyed and evaluated five additional buildings to reach the 45-year threshold since the original survey. Efforts included archival research, site investigations, survey, and preparation of a historical resources technical report summarizing the results. Role: Architectural Historian.
Conducted intensive-level field suNey and archival research. Authored the 2016 Update. Prepared Cabfornia Department of Parks and Recreation 523 series resource form (DPR).
Cultural Resources Constraints Analyses for the Marina Airport Master Plan Update; Marina, California; Coffman Associates. SWCA was retained by Coffman Associates, to provide environmental consulting services consisting of a cultural resources constraints study in support of the Marina Airport Master Plan Update. The study was prepared for a programmatic-level view of future activities at the Marina Airport under the updated Master Plan. It included study includes a cultural resources records search, initial Native American coordination, and the preparation of this report documenting the results of the research and providing management recommendations. Role: Architectural Historian. Authored discussion of the built environment by identifying nine potenlt'al historical resources. within the area of potential affect, which may require further evaluation and recordation.
Preliminary Historical Resources Assessment (HRA) of 475 20th Street; Santa Monica, California; D'Lynda Kaplan. For the purposes of evaluating the impact of a planned statutory demolition, SWCA documented the significance of a 1926 Spanish Colonial Revival-style residence under local and state criteria. Role: Project Manager/Architectural Historian. Conducted intensive-level field survey, archival research, and evaluation. Authored HRA.
Preliminary Historical Resources Assessment (HRA) of 541 Norwich Drive; West Hollywood, California; Brandon Sassounian. For the purposes of evaluating the impact of a planned demolition, SWCA documented the significance of a 1923 Spanish Colonial Revival-style residence under local, state, and federal criteria. Role: Pro;ect Manager/Archttectural Histon'an. Conducted intensive-level field suNey, archival research. and evaluation. Authored HRA. Prepared California Department of Parks and Recreation 523 senes resource form (DPR). *Historical Resources Assessment (HRA) of 817 Orange Grove Place; South Pasadena, California; Patty Chan. For the purposes of evaluating the impact of a planned demolition, Mr. White documented the significance of a property containing a 1922 bungalow and two later buildings, to determine if any were potential historic resources under local criteria. Role: Project Manager/Archttectural Historian. Conducted intensive-level field suNey. archival research and evaluation. Authored HRA Page I 2
Resume SWCA
STACY FARR, M.S., ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN
Stacy Farr is a federally qualified professional (36 CFR 61) with nine years of experience in the fields of historic preservation and architectural history. Ms. Farr has a broad knowledge of American architectural and social history, and a deep knowledge of the unique aspects of these themes within California. She is experienced in local, state, and federal regulatory environments, including CEQA, NEPA, NHPA, as well as HABS documentation and Section 106 review. Ms. Farr's specialties include historic resource evaluations, Secretary of the Interior's Standards reviews, and aiding design teams in meeting guidelines related to the preservation of historic character-defining features. She has also brought her research and analytical strengths to architectural and cultural resource surveys, HABS documentation, fnterpretive historical displays, and local, state and national historic register nominations.
YEARS OF EXPERIENCE
9. EXPERTISE
Architectural History/ Historic Preservation
CEQA / NEPA/ NHPAI SEC.106/HABS
EDUCATION
M.S., Architectural History; University of
California, Berkeley; Berkeley, California;
2012
B.A., History of Art and Architecture;
University of California, Santa Barbara;
Santa Barbara, California; 2009
Coursework, Urban History, Labor History;
University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania
REGISTRATIONS/ CERTIFICATIONS
Meets and exceeds requirements in the
Secretary of the Interior's Professional
Qualification Standards in History and
Architectural History
MEMBERSHIPS
National Trust for Historic Preservation
Society for American City and Regional
Planning History
C�lifornfa �lstor1¢al :Socl�ty
·' ' .. ,', , ' .
Dotioinorno Noca
· .. Sari Francisco H$ritage
SELECTED PROJECT EXPERIENCE (* denotes project experience prior to SWCA) *1554 Market Street/55 Oak Street, Historic Resource Evaluation, San Francisco, San Francisco County, Trumark Urban. Conducted fieldwork and archival research and prepared a Historic Resource Evaluation for three commercial properties in San Francisco, two of which were found to be historic resources. Developed a mitigation strategy and evaluated project alternatives per CEQA and City of San Francisco requirements. *Children's Hospital of Oakland, Historic Resource Evaluation, Oakland, Alameda County, Children's Hospital of Oakland. Conducted fieldwork and archival research and prepared a Historic Resource Evaluation for a complex hospital campus in Oakland, as well as one historic landscape element and an adjoining residential district. Evaluated new construction for SOI Standards compliance.
*Heritage on the Marina, Historic Resource Evaluation, San Francisco, San Francisco County, Heritage on the Marina. Conducted fieldwork and archival research and prepared a Historic Resource Evaluation for a Julia Morgan-designed convalescent home with a large, Mid Century addition. Evaluated planned alterations/additions for SOI Standards compliance. *Bayview-Hunters Point Architectural Survey and Historic Context Statement, San Francisco, San Francisco County, San Francisco Redevelopment Agency. Conducted fieldwork, archival research, and oral histories to complete four phase survey, including a historical and cultural context statement and the survey and documentation of over 700 properties using DPR 523 A (Primary) forms.
135 Hyde Street, Proposed Project Analysis, San Francisco, San Francisco County, Dolman Property Group. Evaluated a planned eight-story addition to a known historic resource for SOI Standards compliance, and evaluated the project's compatibility with adjacent historic resources.
340-350 Fremont Street, Historic Resource Evaluation, Mitigation Strategy, and Interpretive Display, San Francisco, San Francisco County, Equity Residential. Evaluated two former union halls for historic significance, developed and executed a mitigation strategy including HABS documentation and a permanent on-site interpretive display on the history of maritime labor unions in San Francisco.
Page I 1
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, Caltfornia Appendix E.
State of California Department of Parks and Recreation Series 523 Forms SWCA Environmental Consultants
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, Caltfomia This page intentionally lefi blank
SWCA Environmental Consultants
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
PRIMARY RECORD
Other Listings
Review Code
Primary#
HRI#
Trinomial
NRHP Status Code: 3B, 3CB, 5S2
Reviewer Date
P1. Other Identifier: N/ A
*P2. Location: □ Not for Publication ■ Unrestricted
and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: Oakland, CA Date: 1997
c. Address: 664 Haddon Road
*a. County: Alameda
T ·1s; R 3W Sec Unsectioned; M.D. B.M.
City: Oakland
d. UTM: Zone: lON; 566559 mE/ 4184734 mN (G.P.S.)
Zip: 94610
e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel#, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) APN: 23-430-1
*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials. condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) See continuation sheet.
*P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HI'2. Single family property. *P4. Resources Present: ■ Building □ Structure □ Object □ Site □ District □ Element of District □ Other (Isolates, etc.) P5b. D escription of Photo: (View, date,
accession #)
Primary (west) facade,
view east, April 10,.
2018.
*PS. Date Constructed/Age and
Sources : ■ Historic □ Prehistoric □ Both
1924. Source: Alameda County Office of
the Assessor
*P7. Owner and Address:
Kaiser Permanente
8235 Colorado Boulevard, Suite 222
Los Angeles, CA 90041
*PB. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, and
address)
Nelson White
SWCA Environmental Consultants
51 W. Dayton Street
Pasadena, CA 91105
*P9. Date Recorded: June 8, 2018
*P10. Survey Type: (Describe) Intensive
*P11. Report Citation: (Cite survey report
and other sources, or enter "none.") Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 .l:lndrlon Road, Cit y t:f Oakland, County of Alameda, Cnl(fomia, (SWCA Environmental Consultants 2018).
*Attachments: □ NONE ■ Location Map □ Sketch Map ■ Continuation Sheet ■ Building, Structure, and Object Record □ Archaeological Record □ District Record □ Linear Feature Record D Milling Station Record D Rock Art Record □ Artifact Record □ Photograph Record D Other (List):
DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTM ENTOFPARKSANDRECREATION
Primary#
HRI#
LOCATION MAP
•Map Name: Oakland, CA
. Area
S 7 ;s-m1rwte tk.ia.rM
S$ Spatial s.urv�
0 Town&hlp
DPR 523J (1/95)
Trinomial
*Resource Name or#: 664 Haddon Road
---====11111111---�
0 M, l
��-- r�_,r2:0,,) ,.,..(Wily, QA
fW)t.lJ'tMlffiQ1�
"'1M01ll
*Scale: 1:2,1,000 •oate of Map: 1997
*Required information
State of California - The Resources Agency Primary#
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#
BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD
B1. Historic Name: None
B2. Common Name:
*NRHP Status Code 3H, 3CB, 5S2
*Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) 664 lfoddon Ro;id B3. Original Use: Single-family residential B4. Present Use: Single-family residential *B5. Architectural Style: ltalian Rennaissance Revival
*BG. Construction History: (Construction date, alterations, and date of alterations) According to records on file with the Alameda County Office of the Assessor, the subject property was constructed in 1924. Alterations include sunroom enclosure, 1931, an unspecified addition (1932), the garage addition (1935), the addition of a second .. floor back bedroom above the garage and the basement remodel (1936), an addition to the second-flom: library (perhaps 1936), the extension of a staircase and landing (likely 1936), the breakfast room bay window (1939), chimney and fireplace (1940), the second-floor solarium enclosure (1940-1941), structural restoration of foundation and restoration of staircase (ca. 2007), replacement windows in the primary (west) fai;:ade/living room (date unknown), the exterior staircase outside library (date unknown), master closet addition and glass block wall (datp unknown), the glass block wall in the first-floor powder room (date unknown), and the non-original metal kitchen windows (date unknown).
*B7. Moved? ■ No □ Yes □ Unknown Date: Original Location:
*B8. Related Features: None
B9a. Architect: William E. Schirmer b. Builder: Unknown *B10. Significance: Theme: Area: NIA
Period of Significance: Property Type: Single-family residential Applicable Criteria:
(Discuss importance in terms of historical or architectural context as defined by theme, period, and geographic scope. Also address integrity.) Sel' continualionillion sheet.
B11. Additional Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) None *B12. References:
American Institute of Architects. "MembPrship File of William E. Schirmer." American Institute of Architects." Architpcts Roster questionnaire, 1946, of William E. Schirmer." City of Oakland, Departnwnt of Planning and Building. Various dates. Building Pem1its.
County of Alameda, Assessor.
De Kruif, Paul. Kniser Wnke, the Doc/ors. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co., 1943.
Eliassen, Roger and Jerr Metzker. Pied111011t Post. "Clausen House -Serving the Community for 50 Years." October 4, 2017.
Garry, Valerie. "2007 Partners in Preservation award winners." Oakland Heritage Alliance News 27, no. 1 ('.!007): •1-5.
Heiner, Albert. Heury J. Kai.�er, \Veskrn Colossus: An Insider's View. San Francisco: Halo Books, 1991. "!v1ark Daniels." OutsicleLands.org (Western Neighborhoods Project). http://outsiclelands.org/daniels.php, accessed April 15, 2018.
McAlester, Virginia and Lee McAlester. A Field Guide to Americn11 lloul'es. 2nd ed.
New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2013.
Oakland Tribune. "Obituary of Edwin G. Clausen." February 21, 1966.
SWCA Environmental Consultants. lfotorical Reeource Assesslllent J<>r 664 Haddon Road, City vf Onkhmd, County of Alnmedn, California. June 2018. 813. Remarks:
*814. Evaluators: Nelson White, SWCA Environmt�ntal ConsL1ltants *Date of Evaluation: June 8, 2018
(This space reserved for official comments.)
DPR 5238 (1/95) •Required Information
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
Primary#
HRI#
Trinomial
Page of 17 *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) 664 Haddon Road *Recorded by: Nelson White *Date: June 8, 2018 ■ Continuation *P3a.Description
Introduction
□ Update
The property features a two-story-over-raised-basement, single-family dwelling dad in stucco and rnpped with a hipped roof covered in red tile.
The Italian Renaissance Revival .. slyle residence was constructed in 1924 and is wood frame construction. The 5,000-square .. foot dwelling has a generally rectangular footprint and is located on a 8,056-square-foot lot at the southeast corner of the intersection of Haddon Road and Hillgirt Circle. The primary (west) fa�ade of the residence features ,l narrow setback from Haddon Road and the rear (east) is flush with the lot line. North and south side yards are small. The property features mature vegelation. Due lo the topography of the site, the building sits approximalely 12 feet above street grade. All fonestrntion is wood unless otherwise noted. The architectural description bl!gins with the primary (west) fa�ade, continm•s to the north and south ta\:ades, and ends with the rear (east) fa(,'.<lde.
Exterior
Primary (West) Fa,ade
The primary (w,,st) fa�:ade faces west onto Haddon Road and is generally symmetrically comp,>sed, with a broad central volume flanked hy narrower, slightly recessed volumes. 1 A compound concrete staircase provides access from the street to the house, composed of a straight stair; ,111 intermediate landing with a niche fountain; paired dog-.Jcg stairs with half.-space landings; and a broad entry-level landing. The staircase is trinuned with a centrally located wrought-iron railing in the straight stair, low stucco cheek walls, square stucco posts, and stucco railings supported by a balustrade of simplified um-shaped balusters.
Left cif the stair, the basement level is partially above grade and further exposed by a concrete-finished areaway, and includes four narrow, verlically oriented three-lite casement windows, recessed within the thickness of the fa�ade with exaggerated sills. Three of these windows are at the primary volume of tlw house, while one is below the enhy landing. Right of the stair, a similar areaway includes three small vertically orit,nted vented openings.
The primary entrance is located at the center of the first-floor level and consists of an arched eight-panel wood door located within an arched recess. The arched recess is ornamented by stucco quoins and enclosed by a wrcmght .. iron scroll-work security gate. The enLrance is lit by a globe pendant lamp with amber-colored glass and flanked by wrought-iron sconce lamps with amlwr-colored glass.
The primary entrance is flanked on both sides at the first-floor level by a pair of full-height, tour-lite French casement windows. These windows are slightly recessed within the thickness of the fa�ade and have exaggerated sills; each window is surmounted by a recessed blind Junette, _and window pairs are trimmed together at their upper perimeter with molded cornices.
At far left, the first-.floor level includes two non-original full .. height, arched, undivided fixed windows within original openings, slightly recessed within the thickness of the fai;a.de with simple wood sills. These windows are also trimmed together at their upper perimeter with molded cornices, and further ornamented together by a wrought-iron balconette. At far right, the first-floor level includes two pairs of full-height, arched, four-lite French casement windows. These windows are also slightly recessed within the thickness of the fac;ade with simple wood sills and are trimmed together at tlwir upper perinwter with molded cornices.
The second-floor level of the primary (west) fa\:ade continues the largely symmetrical arrangement found at the first-floor level. At center, above the primary entrance, there are full-height, three-lite French casement windows which open onto a small balcony with a wrought-iron railing and balustrade. This central window is flankt?d at the second-flo(ir ll?Vd by two pairs of three-lite French case ment windows, which am slightly recessed within the thickness of the fai;ade with exaggerated sills.
At far left, the second-t1oor level includes three, arched, six-lite casement windows, !:rimmed together with wood molding wh.ich gives the appi:anuu:i? of i?ngaged pilasters, and with simple raised circular moldings within their sp£mdrel panels. This S,lme window arrnngement is rep,iated at the far right of the second .. floor level. The corners ot the second story feature a beveled profile. The primary fa�ade terminates with a moldl?d comke and moderate eave ovNhang: therf! are wood ball-mp finials ,it the roof corners.
North Fa�adc
'[he north fa,;ade faces onto Hillgirt Circle and is asymmetrically arranged, with the primary volume o( the house at right (including north-facing and o',lSt-fadng focets), and a recessi?d volume ,lt left. 1 The footprint of t:he building at 664 Haddon Road is rotated clockwise approximately fifteen degrees from cardinal directions: cardinal directions are used throughout this report for ch1rity and simplification.
DPR 523L (1/95) *Required Information
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
Primary#
HRI#
Trinomial
Page of 17 *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) 664 Haddon Road At the north-focing facet of the primary volume of the hous,', the basement level is at grade due to the slope of tlw lot, and includt'S, at for right, .a two-panel wood pedestrian entrance, scored at the upper panel to form the letter "H". The north-facing facet is dominated by an oversized brick chimney, ornamented by decorative brickwork, which narrows in several steps as it ascends from the ground level to above the roofline.
The chimney is flanked at the first-floor level by full-height, arched, four-lite French casement windows, slightly recessed within the thickness of the fac;ade with simple wood sills, trimmed ill their upper perimeter with molded cornices, and further ornamented by simple wrought-iron balconettes. The chimney is flanked on both sides at the second--floor level by a pair of six-lite, arched, casement windows, which continue in the motif established at the far left of the second-floor level of the primary fa.;ade.
At the east-facing facet of the north fac;ilde, the first-floor level feiltures two full-height, arched, four-lite French casement windows, slightly .recessed within the thickness of the fac;ade with simple wood sills, trimmed together at their upper perimeter with a molded cornice. At the St'cond-floor level, three, ,m:hed, six-lite casement windows continue in the motif established at the primary fac;ade and the north-facing facet of the north fac;ade. At both the north-facing and east-facing facets, the corners of the second-floor level hilve beveled profiles, and the fac;:ade terminates with a molded cornice and moderate eave overhang. There are ball-cap finials at the root corners.
At the left portion of the north farnde, the recessed volume is accessed from Hillgirt Circle by a tiNo-lane concrete drivpway, trimmed at ib right side by a simple wrought-iron handrail with wrought-iron posts. At the first-floor level, an entrance at the junction of the two volumes is recessed beneath the second floor above and accessed via a brick landing with two brick steps with a curved profile and a wrought-iron handrail. The arched entry door is fully glazed with leaded circular glass panes and is ornamented by a decorative wrought-iron grate which includes the letter "I<". The entry door accesses iln enclosed vestibule paved in ceramic brick in a basket-wpave pattern, and lit by two full-height, arched, undivk!Pd fixed windows ornamented with the same wrought-iron grate found at the door.
The) remainder oi the first-floor level is spanned by the garage, which is further recessed under the second floor above. The ceiling is ornamented by drop�wd stucco-clad beams that are spanned by Mches and, in places, groin arches, and supported at far left by square stucco posts topped varyingly by molded cornices and scrolled brackets. The square posts abut the east lot line and are infilled by brick half--walls topped by wc,od pickets with floral cut-outs. The wide, articulated overhead garage door is unpainted wood and shows a molded, six-pointed star pattern. i\bove the garage, the non-original second-floor level (ndded 1936, 1940-1941) includes a large, ardwd, steel-sash, six-part window group, with a large fixed central pane flanked by narrow casements, surmounted by three fixed panes. This window group is slightly recessed within the thickness oi the ia<;ade with simple wood sills, trimmed at its upper perimeter with a molded cornice, and further ornamented by a simple wrought-iron bakonette. Right of this window, the fo�:ade is slightly recessed and includes two six-lite, arched, French casement windows with simple wood sills, trimmed together at their upper perimeter with wood molding. The fac;ilde terminates ,vith a band of flat wood molding and flush eaves.
South h�ade
11w south fai;:ade faces onto a small terraced side yard, and like the north fa�ade is asymmetrically arranged, with the primary volume of the house at left (including south-facing and ea.st-facing facets) and a recessed volume at r.ight.
At the south-facing facet of the primary volume of the house, the first-floor level includes a canted bay at far left, w ith a fully glazed door at its center facet ,md full-height, six-lite fixed windows at its side facets, capped by a hipped roof. The door opens onto a scored concrete patio with a hexagonal footprint. Right of the canted bay there are two non-original metal sli.ding windows, one of which is located at the fill' right of the fac;ade. Betiveen these windows, a large wrought-iron sconce lamp with amber-colored glass is affixed to the fac;ade. The second-floor level overhilngs the first slightly, largely due to the thickness of applied stucco, and includes two centrally located, eight-lite, full-height arched cas�?ment w.indows ornarmmti?d by a wrought-iron bakom?tte, flanked on each si<fo by a pair of six-lit�?, arch�?d casement windows, whkh continue in the motif established at the for right of the second .. floor level of the primary fai;ade. The far .. right side of the second .. floor level has somi) variation in the fai;atfo profile, ,\l\d a duunfernd profile .it its corner. i\t the east-facing facet of the primary volume of thi? hous£:', tlw first-floor k?vel indud�?s a non-original .1m?tal sliding window at the far left and a large wrought .. iron sconce lamp with amber-colored glass at the center. The second-floor level includes three six .. lite, arched casement windows, which continue thl? motif established at the primary iac;:ade and the south-fodng facet of the south fa�:.ide. i\ t both the south-facing and east-fodng foc.'.l?ts, the corners of thl? second-floor level haw l?ngaged pilasttirs with bevded profiles, and the fo�:ade terminat�?s with a mold,?d cornice and moderate eave overhang, There are ball-cap finials at the roof comers and a stucco-clad chimney rises from the ridgeline of the hipped roof.
At the right portion of the south facade, the rt)Cl?ssed voluuw includl$ a wrought-iron and Plexiglt1ss t?ntry gate at left, which ,1ccesses an endo:,ed passageway bt•twl?C:?n thl? house mid the garngl?. Ldt of this door, at the junction of the tivo volumes of the south fo�ilde, ii sqlrnre volumt? im:lmfos non-original metal sliding windows at both facets. Right of the door, there is a band of seven eight-lite casement windows. At the DPR 523L (1/95) *Required Information
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
Primary#
HRI#
Trinomial
Page of '17 *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) 664 Haddon Road non-original second-floor level, a semicircular tower projects from the junction of the two volumes and has a large glass-bkick window. Right of this tower, there is a large, arched, steel-sash, six-part window group, with a large fixed central pane flanked by narrow casements, surmounted by three fixed panes. At the far right there is a half .. glazed single--panel wood door, accessed by a non .. original wood open-riser stair with wood handrail which risr!S from the ground-floor level from left to right. This portion of the south fa<,:adP terminates with a shallow eave overhang: the portion of the fai;ade above the window group rises in a gabled profile trimmed with red tile.
Rear (East) Fapde
The rear (east) fai;ade is llush with the east lot line and was viewed obliquely during a site visit. The fa,;ade has no fenestration and terminates with a flush roofline, above which rises a stucco--clad chimney.
Interior
The interior of 664 Haddon Road includes basement, first-, and second-floor levels. Access between the basement and first-floor levels is provided by a straight stair, while access between the first- and second-floor levels is provit!Pd by a double-return st,1ir with two upper landings. Both staircases are located at the center of the house. All inlerior wall finishes are smooth painted plasler unless otherwise noted.
Basement
The basement is excavated at the north side of the house and is accessed from the first .. floor level via the straight wood stair and from the exterior of the north side of the house by a pedlistrian door. At the bottom of the stair there is a vestibule with four wood doors. TI1n)e of these doors lead to storage rooms and closets, and one leads to a finished apartment (l936), situated at the north side of the he.ms(). The apartment includes an open plan room, a kitchen, and a bathroom, and is lit on three sides by basement-level windows. The stair, the walls of the vestibule, and the aparlment are finished in unpainted vertical wood paneling wilh some decorative trim elemcnls. The storage room at the west side of the house includes a steel cabinet with steel doors and is otherwise minimally finished in concrete and exposed post and beams.
First-Floor Level
At the first-floor level, the primary entrance opens onto a foyer and is fl,mked by narrow coat closets with single-panel wood doors. The hall has a groin-vaulted ceiling with rib crown molding which comes down around the primary entry to fom, comer pillarn with decorative capitals. The hall is lit by a globe pendant lamp with amber glass.
Left and right of the primary entr,1nce, the foyer lets on through broad MChlid openings to the living room and dining room, respectively. Opposite the primary entrance, the foyer is framed by chamfered pilasters with compound cornices, beyond which the primary staircase leads up to the• second-floor level. The lowest two steps of the stair have a broad, curved profile and the stair has a b rass handrail with a floral and curlicue balustrade. Right of the stair, the foyer includes two arched eight-p,1nel wuod doors, both set within the thickness of the walls: one leads to a small bathroom with completely modernized finishes and fixtures, and the other leads to the service circulation corridor at the rear of the house.
Baseboards in the hall are tall and molded and are interrupted by ventilation grates, and the wood flooring is trimmed by simple border. This baseboard and flooring arrangement continues throughout the house unless otherwise noted.
The living room is located to the left (north) of the foyer and is lit on three sides by full-height arched windows. A fireplace at the north wall is built out from the wall with a stepped profile, and is framed by stone and has a wood mantle. The room has crown moldings, which continue throughout the house unless otherwise noted, and typical flooring and baseboards, though ventilation grates are located above, rather than at, the baseboards in this room.
The dining room is located to the right (south) of the entry hall and is lit on the west side by full .. height arched windows as well as a multi-ligbt pendant lamp at the center of the room. A large rectangular nidw in the east wall may have historically accommodated a piece of furniture or built-in cabinetry. This room lu1s typical flooring, basd>oards, and crown molding, above which the ceiling luis a slightly stiipped coved profile.
The east wall includes an arched paneled door which leads to the kitchen. The south side of the dining room opens onto a breakfast room, The breakfast room is lit at its Wt?st by full-height an:h,id windows and at its south by a canhid bay with a fully glazt?d door and full-height windows.
Thi? breakfast room has a centrally located pendant lamp and includes the typic,il baseboard, flooring, and crown molding.
The kitchen is located a.I the southeast corner of the first-floor level of the house and currently does not have appliances or cabinetry, as planned construction of a new kitchen was halted, The kitchen is lit by aluminum s.1sh ·windows at its south ,md east walls. There is a full .. height glass ... brick window at tht? northwt?st 1:orner of tht? kitchim which provides passivt? lighting to tht? bathroom locatt?d off of the entry hall. The kitchen has wood floors and simple baseboards, and lacks crown molding. A hollow-core wood door at the north wall of the kite.hen lets onto the se1vice circulation corridor. The service circulation corridor includes an arched paneled door which leads to the entry hall; the basement door; a small met,ll utility-panel door; a blinded double-hung window at its east wall (which formerly faced the exterior of the building); and a hollow-core 1m?tal door on its t?ast wall which leads to an exterior circulation corridor.
DPR 523L (1/95) •Required Information
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
Primary#
HRI#
Trinomial
Page of 17 *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) 664 Haddon Road East of tlw service circulation corridor, the hollow-core metal door provides access to an exterior circulation corridor, which is enclosed by rough stucco walls and has a barrel-arched ceiling. The corridor is lit by metal sconces with globe lamps. This corridor can be accessed at the north by an arched paneled door which leads lo the enclosed vestibule and entrance at the north fa.;:ade of the house, and at the south by a wrought .. iron and Plexiglass entry door that leads to the side yard. The exterior circulation corridor leads to the garage along its northeast edge, which is below the grade of the corridor, and is accessed via two concrete steps. The garage has a l.argely scored concrete floor and is lit at its south side by multi-lite casement windows. There appears to be a covered .. over fireplace on the east wall of the garage, which aligns with the chimney visible at the east fa(.'.ade.
Second-Floor Level
At the second-floor level, the primary �taircase leads to a small landing, from which a short straight stair leads to the rear (east) side of the house, and a one-quarter turn stair leads to the second-floor-level hall at the center of the building. The stainvell and hall are lit by a large scrolh,;o,½ chandelier with a grapes and grape leaf motif. The hall includes a hollow .. core arched wood door which provides access to the library at the south portion of the dwelling; a nother hollow-core arched wood door which provides access to the master bedroom at the southwest portion of the building; two single-panel wood doors which provide access to two large linen closets at the west side of the hall; and an opening and short corridor which provide access to two bedrooms and a shared bathroom on the north side of the building.
The two bedrooms on the north side of the second-floor level are both lit by a mixture- of ilrched ilnd rectangular windows, with operable roll down. Each bedroom includes a large cedar-lined closet and has the typical wood floors, molded baseboards, and crown molding. The bedroom at the northeast corner of the second-floor level had a fully glazed door at its east side which leads to the solarium. A small bathroom located in the corridor between the hall and the bedrooms is finished in blue tile and includes all of its original fixtures: the rear wall of the bathroom is finished in glass brick through which the room receives passive lighting from the solarium.
The masler bedroom is located at the southwest part of the second .. floor level and is lit by rectangular windows at the west wall. The master bedroom has the typical floor, baseboards, and crown moldings found elsewhere in the house. The master bath is located on the north side of the master bedroom. It is finished in plaster above gn!en tile and includes all of its original fixtures. The master bathroom is lit by a rectangular window on the west wait.
A broad arched opening at the south wall of the master bedroom is trimmed by cornice moldings and opens onto the sunroom, which is lit by arched casement windows on the west, south, and east sides. The sunroom has the typical floors and baseboards, and an exposed beam ceiling. A large affixed mirror at the north wall appears to cover the former location of a fireplace, corresponding with the chimney al the roof. The northeast corner of the sunroom lets onto a walk-in closet at the east side ot the building, lit at its east wall by a curved wall of glass blocks.
Paired arched paneled doors on the east wall of the master bedroom kad to the library at the suutheast portion of the building. A small anti ch�mber at the west side of the room reflects the original footprint of this room, which originally terminated al its east side with a faceted bay profile; this profile is visible in the wood flooring. The walls of the library are fully paneled, and the rnulti-form gabled and vaulted ceiling is coffered with exposed beams. Tlw room is lit by an arched six-lite metal franw window ,1t its sc.>uth wall and a pendant lamp in the middle of the room. The library can be accessed from many points, including the aforementioned arched doors from the master bedroom; a hollow-core arched wood door from the hall; arched wood doors at lhe north wall which lead to a small circulation landing; arched wood pocket doors at the far east side of tlw north wall which lead to a bedroom suite; and paired wood doors at the east wall which lead to a utility area and a short corridor, which leads to a half-glazed door at the south fai;ade of the dwelling.
At the northeast corner of the second .. floor level there is a bedroom suite with fully paneled walls and a coffered ceiling with exposed beams. The room is 1it by an arched multi-lite metal window at the north wall and paired fully glazed fixed and sliding doors at the west wall which lead to the solarium. The bedroom has large closets on the east wall and a small bathroom at its southeast corner which is finished in green tile and has all of its original fixtures. The bathroom is lit by a small double-hung window which opens onto an airshaft. /\t the middle of the 1wrth side of the second-floor levrc•l there is a solarium, which has plaster walls, a green-tiled floor, and is capped by a metal seamed hipped roof of translucent safety glass. The solarium is li.t by its roof as well as a pair of arched eight-lite casement windows at the north wall separated by a lantern sconce. The solarium is accessed from fully glazed doors at its east and west sides, which open onto bedrooms, and from a fully glazed door and larg(! sidelight at its south side, which open onto a small drculation landing. The solarium also includes a glass brick window at its west side which .illuminRtes an interior bathroom.
At the center of the second-floor level there is a small circulation landing. The landing is accessed via the building's main staircase at the west, and opens onto the sobrium at its north side and the library at its south side, through paired arched doors. The landing is lit by the sularium door and window, and by a sconce lamp on its west wall, and has a full lwight mirror at its east wall.
DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
State of Califor nia - The Res our ces Age nc y
DEP ARTM ENT OF PARKS AND RECR EATION
CONTIN UATION SH EET
Prim ary #
HRI#
Tri nomial
Page of 17 �Re sour ce Name or # (Assig ned by recorder) 664 Had don Road Si te
Th,! subject property is located on a 8,400-s quare-f oot lot. The dwelli ng sit s flush with the east lot line and has no rear yard. At the east lot li ne there is a de cora tive fence, composed of brick pie rs an d a brick hal f-wal l t opped by broad wood pickets wi th floral cut -out s and a pai nted wood rai ling. A short, cu1ved concrete drive way provi de s access from the Hi llgirt: Circle to the gara ge; the east side of the dri veway is bordered by a low concrete wa ll, and the west side of the driveway is marked by a wroug ht- -ir on handrail.
Both tlw north and west si des of the property includ e a mix ture of buslws, mature trees, and grou ndc over v,!geta tion . The lar ges t trees on the property are two Douglass Fir trees on the west side , f ram i.n g the mai n stai rcas e f rom the street to the house. A concrete reta in i ng wall border s the property beginni ng at the right ol' the main stair case and tra velling around the northwest corner of the lot and ending at the driveway.
The sou th si de of tlw pro1wrty inc lmfr's a smal l terraced yard. The balus tra de at the upper landing of the sta ircase extends sou th into the side yard and curves out war d to create a smal l promontor y, whe re the balustr ade breaks to inclu de a small concrete birdbat h. In line wi th t:he pl ane- of t:he pri mar y fa,;:ade of the house, a low concrete reta ining wall is surmoun ted by a chain .. link fence wi th a gate that is accessed via three curved steps constru cted of flagsto ne. The chain- link fence is overgrown wit h vegetat ion. Behind the fence, the first-f lo or-level brea kfast room opens onto a scored concrete pat io with a hexa gonal footprint . East of th e pat io, a short stair leads up to a paved ar ea south of the garage . An un kempt retaining wa ll sep arates higher eleva tion areas of the yard from lower elevatio n areas. The remainder of the sou th yar d is covered in lawn that is currently la rgel y ove rgrown.
Setting
The property is located in the Cle veland Heights neighborhood of Oakla nd. Al though tlw neighbor hood includes a mixture of singl e-f amil y homes and multi -fa mily fla ts and apartment buildi ngs, the subject property is su rroun ded by singl e- famil y humes. Tiu, property is promin en tly sited within the neighb orhood: it is al most the hig hest eleva tion lot in the neighbo rhood, and it is dir ect ly south across the st reet from Hil lgi rt Circle, the former loca tion of the neighborhood 's once .. grancl stairca se, which has been largely dismantled and is currently blocked by a board fencP. The ho mes dir ectly surr oun ding the subjPct propert y refl ect the "villa si tes" layou t of the Had don Hill subdivisi on, designed by pre stig ious lan d,cape design er Mark Danie ls, wh erein lot s along the main roads were pla tted wider than they were deep to aL low for the construction of lan;e .. scale homes with dramatic, imp ressi ve primar y fa,;:a cles. As deta iled elsewher e in this repo rt, home construc tion took pla ce in two phases wi thin the neighborhood: from 19 12-1 91 4, and more robustly from 19 20-1928. Ar chit ect ura l styl es represen ted include Tudor Revi val, Art, and Crafts, Ita lian Rena issa nce Revi val, Span ish Coloni al Revival, Colonia l Reviva l, and French Ecle ctic. While some houses ha ve un dergone exterior alter ations , incl uding remov al of original windo ws and insertion of con temporary aluminum or vinyl repl acement wi ndows , enclosure of porches, and repainting or resu rfacing , ove rall most houses in Ille neig hborhood re tain excep tional integrit y and con vey their his toric appearance. 810. Sign ifica nce
NRHP and CRHR Eligi bility
Criteria All:
The subject property is individual ly elig ible for lis ting in the NRHP and the CRHR und er Criterion 1\/l lwcaus e it is dir ectly as socia ted wi th the develo pment of the Kaiser Perma nente healt h care syst em. Henry ]. Kaiser esta blished hims elf as a pioneer in the pro vision ol' health care in the lat e 19 30s, a peri od whe n most : Americans had li tt.le or no access to hea lth care. Kais er developed a healt hcar e program for hi s employees, most of whom were in remote loca tions, far removed from ('stabl ished d,ict ors and hospitals. Kaisff's heal thcare program evol ved from the need to provide these remotely .. loca ted workers and their families with healt h care at affordable costs. Dur ing World War II, the program was replicat ('d to ser vt? the h(?a lth cam needs of Ka iser's ship yard and stt!£:'l mil l workt)rs and th<?ir famili es. On Apr il 9, 19 43, Henry J. Kais er hosted a confornnre at the subject property, by the end of which a tentat ive plan to open tht! Kaiser employ et! healthrnr e phm to community enroll ment was formul at ed . The event s of th e confe renc e hel d at the subject properl y wer e charact eri zed as "the promise of a model for the commu nity May o Clinic for the common man," and led over following ,focachis to tht? formatio n of thousa nds of sim ilar ,irganizati ons across tht? United Sta t!:'s.
Hist orians writ ing about major events of the 20th cent ury today see the work of Hen ry J. Kaiser in co-foundin g Ka iser Permanente and launc hing empl oyer- sponsor ed health care in the Uni ted States as one of the centu ry's major soci al con trib uti ons. Addi tio nally , the establis hmen t of the Kais�r Permammte ht?a lthcar e system was reg,uded by Henry J. K,1is er as his most si gnifican t work: "Of all tlw things I've dom!, I ex pt?ct only to be remembered for my hospita ls. They' re the things that are fi lling the people's grea test 1wed - good healt h." Beca use the subject property is the 10<:a tion of tlw 19 43 c.:onforenct? wht?n? Kaiser al ong wit h a sma ll group of physici ans and 1m?dir nl ind ustry profossiona ls iista.bl is hed a tim �ati vt? plan for ,1 health care pl,m opt'n t<l commu llit y enrolh rn?nt, the prope rty is elig ibl e for list ing in the NRHP and the CRH R under Criterion A/1 because it is di rectly associ ated with the deve lopmen t of the Kaise r Perman ent e hea.lt h ca re system. The period of si gnifican ce for this finding of sig ni fi cance is 1943, the year the con ference took pl ace.
DPR 523L (1/ 95) *Req uir ed information
State of Cali fornia - The Resour ces Agenc y
DEPAR TMEN T OF PARK S AND RECRE ATION
CO NTI NUATION SHEE T
Prima ry#
HR I#
Trinomial
Page of 17 *Resou rce Name or # (Assign ed by recorder ) 664 Haddon Road Th e subjPct property is also indi viduall y eli gible for listing in the NRHP and the CRHR under Criter ion A/1 for its associ ation with Claus en House , which, when it opened in 196 7, int roduced to the Bay Area a paradi gm--shi fling system of care for devel opmen tally disab led adults. In cont ra.st to existi ng models in the 19 60s, in whi ch care op tions for dev elopme nta lly di sa bled ad ults were genera ll y limite d to custodial ca re or ins titutiona liza tion in Calif ornia's overcrnwllt•d menta l insti tutions , Claus(•n House was a re sidential group home loca ted withi n a resi dential commu nit y, in which clients could liv e toge ther, somew hat in dependently and under super vision, and receive an individual ized as sistanc e to develop skills to help them participa te more ful ly in ma ins tn•am societ y. Ful lowing establi shment of the Cla usPn House facil it y at the subject property, there was irnmed iat l•ly a waiting list for more clien ts with devel opmen tal disc1bilit ies, ind it:a ting the efficacy of thi s new model of ccin•.
Wi thin ten years of it s est ab lishmen t in 19 67, Cla usen House exp anded int o add ition al :;i ngl e-f ami ly dwel li ng:; and apart ment build ing;, and init iat ed what is now it s In depend en t Living Services program (ILS), the first of it s kind in Northern Cal ifornia. Cla usen H,Hlse has exp ande d further and cur rently the organ izatio n ope rate s three resi dentia l group homes, an apa rtment complex, a communit y center, an d provi des ind ependen t an d supported livi ng, educa tion, supp orted employment, and socia l recrea tion pro grams . Bemuse the subjec t pr operty was the first location of Clausen House, it is property is eli gible for listing in the NR HP and the CR.H R under CriteJion A/1 because it is directly associated with an innovative system of care for de velopmen tally disabled adults which remains in ope ration today. The period of sign ificance for thi s finding of si gnifica nce is 19 67, thP year that the group of three fa milie s that established Clausen House purch« sed thP subject property, throu gh 19 77, the last yt)ar that the subject property was owned by the Donald J. Wood Found ation, a fo undat ion ded icated to hel ping deve lopmen tall y di sa bled persons, and presu ma bly the last year the sub ject properl y opera ted as a Cl ausen House group home.
Criteria B/2:
The subject property is individual ly eligible for li sting in the NRH P and the CRH R und er Criteria B/2 because it is d irect ly associ at ed wi th Herny J. Kaiser, who b broadly regarded as a signi ficant American industrialist, builde r, and innova tor of hea l th care system s. As ,m industriali st, he was the founder of the Kaiser comp ani es, which grew from a small road paving company to a global enterprise. He also manufact ured cemen t, steel, alumi num and nutomobi le s. As a builde r, he construct ed roads , da ms, tunnels, pipelin es, ships and hous es. As the co-foun de r of Ka iser Permanente, he worked with parb1 erships of physi cians, built hospi tals and other health care facili ties, established a nursi ng school an d contribu ted to med ical educat ion. Ka iser establis hed his busin ess head quarter s in Oakla nd in 1921 . and commi ssioned the subject property in 1924.
Wit h his wifo B,)ss Kaise r he ra ised two sons at the subject property. Kai sPr als o used his home as a center of business and social izn tion . In 19 4.3, h,• hosted at the subject propert y a con ference wh ere the tentativ e plan to open the Kaiser employee heal thcare plan to communit y enrollment was develo ped. The house was also the site of elab orate Chri stmas parties for his empl oyees and their fami lies, and was decora ted extensively at the exter ior as a gesture to the neighborhood. Kaiser also had a strong invo lvement in the physica l developm ent of the subject property. He comm issi.oned nine alt era tions to the property between its origin al const ruct ion in 19 24 and 1941, and was documen ted in a con temporane ous publica tio n as regnrd ing the ongoing alterations and im provem ents to his Oakland home as one of his "thrills." Henry J. Kaiser liv ed at the su bject property from it s construc tion in 19 24 thro ugh approx imatel y 19 46, when he moved wit h his wife to a nearby ap artment building . Kais er lived in the subject properly during extremely prod uctive year s of what can only be ca lled a remark ab ly and consi sten tly signi ficant li fe: he was living at thP subject property by 192 7, when he went to Cuba to build a 200-mik i hig hway and 500 bridg es; duri ng the 19 30s, when he ov ersaw the constr ucti on of the Hoover and Grand Coulee da ms; and during the 1940s, when Kais er and his associates opera ted 58 ship,vays al seven ya rds that bui lt 1,4 90 ships during \Vorld War II. Whi le Kaiser prPsumably condu cted the vas t m,1jority of the opera tio n of his com pa nies wit hi n rnrporate busine ss offices in Oakland, his l ong resid ence at the su bject property, as well a s the documen ted use of the subj ect property for imp ortant business and social events and Ka iser's continued hand in the physical de velop ment of the hou se, is evidence of a di rect associn tion between the subject property and Henr y J. Kais er. For tlwse rPasons, the subject property individu ally el igible for lis ting in the NRH P and the CR.HR under Cri terion B/2 for its associa tion with Henry ]. Kaiser. The period of signif icance for this finding of signif icance is 19 24, the year the properly was commissi .oned by and constructed for Kaise r, th rough ]9 46, the ap proxim ate year Kaiser stopped li ving at the p roperty and mov ed to a nea rby apartn,ent.
Cri teria C/3:
The subj,?d prop erty is indivi dunl ly eligibk for list ing in the NRHP and the CRHR under Crite ria C/3 (Desi gn/Cons tructi on) as a prop,?rty that embodi es the distinct ive cha racteristics of the ltiilian Rem1issa m:e R,)viva l styl e of archite ctur e. The property includ es dose to the full compk• men t of chara cter-def ining feature s of the styl e, incl uding 19 24 date of constru ction; simple, rectan gular massing; two-- story heigh t; low-pitched hipp ed roof with ceramk tile ; mod erat,) ov,?rh,1ngi ng eav,?s suppo rted by a compound corni c,i molding; fhlt primar y fa�n de; stu c1x1 dad ding; symm(?trirnl ar ran gement of fonestrntio n ,\t tlw primary fa.;:a de; rncessed primary ,mtran ce; full -heigh t first-floor-kivel wind ows; round arches .1bove door s and first-f loor -level windows; smnl.l er and less elabo ra te secon d-f loor level win dows; balu stra des (at the en t1y stai rca se); and decora tive fai;a de artic ulat ion in cluding quoins and mo.l d,?d cornk,?s. While som,? onrnn wnta.l t:•kments ,it th(? buil din g, such as th,? wrou ght-iron bako nett, )s, ga tes, railings, and lighting, reflect a bronder Medit erranea n Rev ival style, the fundamen tal desig n elements of the building are over whelmingl y ltahan R,mais sance Reviva 1, and the buil ding ,?x,nnpli fa!s th,? styk!.
Al tera tions made after origin al constructio n was compk•ted in 19 24 were concentr ated at the mar and south fa<;adc and do not detract from the buiiding's overal l Ita lian Renaissa nce Re vival sLyl e and the ori ginal design of the build ing rem<1i ns read ily ide ntif iabl e. For thes e reason s, 664 Had do n Stre,?t is his torka lly sig nifican t under Crit( ?ri on C (Design/Con struction) as a propm-ty that <:'mbodies the disti nctiv e cha racteri stics of th,? DPR 523L (1 195) *Requir ed In formation
State of Cal ifo rnia - The Res our ces Age ncy
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Trino mial
Page of 17 *Resour ce Name or # (Assign ed by recorde r) 664 Had don Road Hill ian Renai ssil nce Reviva l style of ar chitectu re. The period of sig nifica nce for this fin ding of signif icilnce is :1924, the yea r orig inal con stru ction of the building was complet ed.
The subject propert y is nlso eli gible for list ing in the NR HP nnd th e CR HR Cri teria C:/3 (Desi gn/Co nst ruction) as a property that represents the work of master architect William E. Schirmer. Schirmer is recognized as an architect who specialized in fine residen tial desig ns and work ed nea rly exclu sively throu ghout his career in Oa kland , Piedm ont, and Mon tclair. Af ter training in the office of, among other s, mas ter archi tect Willis Polk, Schir mer partn ered with arch it ect Ar thur S. Bugbee, and the firm of Sch irmer-Bugbee Compa ny became known for elegan t sing le-f amily homes and apar tment building s in San Francisco, Oakland, and other Bay Area cities. Starting in 19 25 Schirmer practiced indepen dently, and primarily designed large single-f amily houses in Period Re vival styles. His designs are noted for their attention to detail, such as wrough t- iron work at windpws and doors, an d the in tegra tion of outd oor an d in door spac e, especi ally in his use of sun rooms, Fren ch doors, and expansivP wi ndows.
He is also known for his use of sprawling floor pla ns, a precu rsor to the Ranch style which would lat er exemplify Cal ifornia resi dential archi tecture. The dwelli ng at 664 Had don R<>ad includ es many of the de sign featu res which charac teriz e Schi rrrll'r's resid ential designs, includ ing la rge size and Period Revival style; in tegra tion of ou tdoor and indo or spilce thr ough the use of French doors, full- he ight win dows, and sun rooms; and archit ectu ral deta il s in clud ing wrought- iron work at win dows and doors. Ad dit ionally , the ]9 24 date of cons tructio n indica tes that 664 Haddon Road was one of Schirm er's earliest commi ssio ns follo wing establ ishmen t of his indep endent practice. Final ly, Schirmer also desi gned a one-r oom addi tion to tlw building in 19 32, indimt ing that nwner Ht•nry J. Kai ser Pnjoyed Schirmer's desi gn for tht• home to a degn!t' tha t lw wished to continue Sch irmer's involvemen t in the property. Alterations made to the house after original con st ruction was completed in 19 24. that are not knc rwn to be the wo rk of Sch irmer were concen trated at the re,U' and south fo,;ad e and do not detract from the bu ildin g' s overall abilit y lo con vey it s desi gn ,lS conceive d by Schi rmer. For these reasons, 664 Had don Road is historically significant under Cri teri on C (Design/ Constr uction) as a property th at represents the work of ,1 ma ster archi tect. The per iod of signi ficance for this findin g of sign ifica ncP b 19 24 through 1932, which reflects the year original construction of the building was comple ted through the year that Schirmer desi gned a one-r oom addit ion. Theref ore, the subject property is eligi ble for listing in the NRHP and the CRI--IR un der Cri teri a C/3.
Cri teria D/4:
The subject property is not evalu ated in this report for it s elig ibilit y for listing in the NRHP and the CRI--IR under cri terion Di4. This criterion .is appl ied most commo nly to build ings, stru ctures or objects that have been used as a source of archeological data and are be liev ed to con tain mor,,, as yd un retri eve d data. The subject property has not been used as a source of ar cheo logica l da ta ilnd is not likely to con tai n as yet un retri ew•d ,ucheolo gica l da ta. However, evaluati on under Criterion D/4 is generally conducted by archeologisls, and this report does not include an eva luat ion un der Cri terion D/4 for this rea son.
City of Oakl and Desig nated Historic Propert y Eligib il ity Evaluative criteria for status as ,Ul Oakl and Desi gnated Hist ori c Property are incl ude d in Append ix D of the His toric Prese rvat ion Elemen t of the Oakla nd General Plan and hav e been described briefly in the Local Reg ulati ons sec tion of thi s reporU In order to de ter.min e whet her a prop erty is eligible as a landma rk, the property is rated on an Evalu ation Sheet for each of fourt een evaluat ion criteri a. 3 The rating s are then converted to numerical scores and added together for a total score, which is then converted into an overall ratin g- A, B, C, or D. Building s of no intere st are given E rating s and building s that are too recen t to rate are giving a rating of F (synon ymous with the use of *). A property that has been alt ered or that is le ss thiln 50 years old may als o hav e a contin g(•ncy rati ng show n by il lowercase lette r, indicating that the prope rty may be eligible frn' a hi gher rating in the fu tu re. Buil dings also recei ve a numerical rating indicating their assoc iation with a dist rict: 1 indic ates the buil ding is in an A rea of Primary Importa nce (APl), 2 ind icates that the buil ding is in an Area of Second ary Impo rtanc e (AS!), and 3 indic ates tha t the buildin g is not ass oci at ed w.i th a district. A "+" indica tes that a building is c1 con tri butor to the dis trict, a "_ ,. in dicat es tlrnt it is not a contribu tor, and a "*" ind ica tes th at it is a poten tial con tribut or.
While 664 Haddon Road has likely been previ ously evaluated as pa rt of the Oakland Cul tura l Herit age Survey, the sur vey resul ts Wt?re not consult ed in the prepa ni tion of thi s report at the n?quest of the c:lient.
The Evalu ation Sheel f or Landmark Elig ibilit y is included in Appendix C. A brief expl anat ion of the eval uat ion, including each of the fourteen eval u.itive cri ttiria, follows. Ratings for the <'.ategorie s of An:hitt!ctu n•, His tory/Associa tion, and Context bdow are: Excellent (E), Very Good (VG}, Good (G), and Fai r/Poor (FP).
2 City of Oakl and, Oakland General Plan, Histo ric Preservation Element , Septem ber 19 93. :, Both the Oakla nd Cul tural Heri tage Su rvey (OCHS) and the Landma rks Preserva tion Ad v.isory Board (LPAB ) cri teri a and evalua tions det ermine elig ibili ty for Oakla nd's Local Register. Using either would dt>h?rmine if a bui lding, str uctu rn, objr!ct, or si tr! is eligiblr ! for the Loca l Register. The OCHS criteria are based on the Nat ional and Calif ornhl Register criteria , which have alre ady been anal yzed in the Historic Reso urce Evaluati on.
Therefore, using the LPAB criteria gives an al ternate eval ua tion, ma king the anal ysis more compr ehen sive in det ermining wh ich properties w,lIT,mt niserva tion.
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State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
Primary#
HRI#
Trinomial
Page of 17 *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) 664 Haddon Road A. Architecture
1. Exterior/Design
664 Haddon Road has wry good (VG) quality of form, detailing, and owr<1ll visual quality. The property embodies the distinctiv,: characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Revival style of architecture and includes close to the full complement of character-defining features of the style, including 1924 date of construction; simple, rectangular massing; two-story height; low .. pitched hipped roof with ceramic tile; moderate overhanging e,wes supported by a compound curnice molding; flat primary fa�ade; stucco cladding; symmetrical arrangement of fe1wstrntion at the prirna1y fa�ade; recessed primary entrance; full.-height first-floor-level windows; round arches above doors and first-floor-level windows; smaller and less elaborate second-floor-level windows; balustrades (al the ent1y staircase); and decorative fa�ade articulation including quoins and molded cornices. While some ornamental clements at the building, such as the wrought-iron balconettes, gates, railings and lighting, reflect_a broader Mediterranean Revival style, the fundamental design elements of the building are overwhdmingly Italian Renaissance Revival, and the building exemplifies the style.
2. /11/erior
The City of Oakland's evalu<1lion process only rates interiors of public buildings, but a review of the interior of 664 Haddon Road indicates that it has very good (VG) interior form and details. The property includes generously sized rooms tl1<1t have not been altered oubide of the period of significance or subdivided such that they would not convey their original design. Original features and details that retain integrity include arclwd openings and doors, decorative moldings, inlaid floorbo<1rds with b<1seboards, crown moldings, coffered ceilings, exposed beam ceilings, and bathroom finishes and fixtures, among other details.
3. Co11structio11
Construction is good (G). 664 Haddon Road is a good example of frame construction finished in stucco, of which many good examples exist throughout Oakland.
4. Designer/Builder
Designer/Builder rating is excellent (E), indicating that William E. Schirmer is a designer of primaiy importance in Oakland. Schi1mer is recognized as an architect who specictlized in fine residential designs and worked ne,irly exclusively throughout his career in Oakland, Piedmont, and Montclair. He also contributed to the design of many distinguished apartment buildings in Oakland; designed two Oakland car tiectlerships; worked in partnership on the design of a Roman C,tholic School and Convent in Oakland; and was also part of the design team for the Alameda County Courthouse.
5. StyleiType
Style(I'ype is very good (VG), as 664 Haddon Road embodies both the distinctive characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Revival style, and is an example of a type, that is a large, architect-designed home assod<1ted with the upper--rniddle and middle-class in Oakland. In style, 664 Haddon Road includes close to the fu.11 complement of character-defining features of the Jt.ilian Renaissance Revival style, including 1924. date of constiuction; simple, rectm1gular massing; two-sto1y height; low-pitched hipped roof with cerami.c tile; moderate overhanging eaves supported by a compound cornice molding; flat primary fa,;ade; stucco cladding; symmetrirnl arrangement of fenestra lion at the prima1y faGade; rl'cessed primary entrance; full-height first-floor-level windows; round arches above doors and first-floor-level windows; smaller and kss elctborate second tloor-level windows; balustri\des (ctt the entry staircase); and decorative fac;ade <1rticuli\tion including quoins and molded cornices. The Italian Renaissance Revival-style residential building is a generally common style/type in Oakland and in wealthy residential neighborhoods through the East Bay, so 664 1-foddon Road receives a very good rath(!r than excellent rating under this criterion. In type, 664 Haddon Road was designed by a prestigious architect, located in a nistrkted residtmt.ial subdivision, and constructed for a wtialthy client. Together, these factors convey a specific type of residential property associated with upper-middle and upper-class residential development in Oakkmd.
B. Histnry/Assodatio11
6. Perso11/0rg,miz11/icm
The property has two significant Person/Organiz,1tion associations. 664 Haddon Road's association with a Person/Organization is t?xcdlent (E) for its association with Henry J. Kaiser. The building was commissioned by Henry J. Kaist?r, a pt?rson of primary importanct? in Oakland history.
Kaiser lived at the house from its construction in 1924. through approxim<'ltely 194.6, a time period in which Kaiser expanded his industrial empire and m,ttfo an ongoing serkis of alterations and improvmmmts to his houst?. Kaiser was noted for his social activities within his hmm?, and rmietings nilnted to his work at his home, including one me(?ting at which th(! devdopment of th,? Kaiser Ptii:mantmtt? hiialth care system was initiated. Jn addition to Hemy J. Kaiser, the property later operated as the first locati.on of Clausen House, a pioneering residential care facility for DPR 523L (1/95) •Required information
State of California - The Resources Agency
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CONTINUATION SHEET
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Page of 17 *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) 664 Haddon Road developmentally disabled pers(lnS. Clausen HouSl! later purchased an apartment building and initiated what is now its Independent Living Services program (ILS), the first of its kind in Northern California. 664 Haddon Road's association with Clausen .House is very good (VG) as the property served as the first location of an innovative care facility. 664 Haddon Road's association with events is excellent (E) as it is described in published accounts as the location of a meeting in 1943 where Kaiser along with four doctors discussl!d the specifics of forming a cooperative plan for health servini provision for Kais,!r's workforce. From this meeting grew the health care conglomerate which continues to carry Kaiser's name and which established a prototype for mass provision of medical care in California and elsewhere.
8. iJatferns
664 Haddon Road has a very good (VG) association with the pattern of planned residential subdivision in Oakland. Planned residenti·al subdivisions emerged after the turn of the twentieth century and reflected the influence of the City Beautiful movement, to provide whesive suburban neighborhoods with a general plan of development, specifications and standards, and the use of deed restrictions to control house design. e nsure quality and harmony of construction, and create spatial organization suitable for fine homes in a park setting. As originally designed by noted landscape engineer Mark Danieb, the subdivision of Haddon Hill included curvilinear streets; street furniture including fountains, urns and planters, and a broad flight of marble stairs with a marble puma at the summit; "villa sites" along the main roads that were wider than they were deep; underground conduits; and proximity lo hvo of Oakland's widest boulevards, Park and Lakeshore. These amenities continued as selling points during the subdivision's later phase of development in the 1920s. 664 Haddon Road is intimately connected to the pattern of planned residPntial subdivision in Oakland, as it is l<.ic,1ted on one of the primary sites within the subdivision, at the top of where the subdivision's broad stair was located, and on a "\'ilia lot." The pattern itself is of secondary importance, as Haddon Hill ,vas not the only residential subdivisiim in Oakland nor was it particularly successful in its earliest phase of development, and was not fully developed until the early 1920s. For these reasons 664 Haddon Road qualifies for a rating of very good (VG).
9. Age
664 Haddon Road was constructed in 1924, which qualifies it for a rating of good (G).
10. Site
664 Haddon Road is located on the site on which it was constructed and therefore receives a rating of excellent (E).
C. Context
11. Continuity
664 Haddon Road helps establish the character of an area of primary importance, and thus receives a rating of excellent (E) for continuity In Oakland, an Area of Primary Importance is an area are historkally or visually cohesive areas or property groupings that usually nmtain a high proportion of individual properties with ratings of "C:" or higher and appear el.igible for the NRHP, either as a district or as a historically-related complex. Based on the limited-scope windshield survey completed for this report, Lhe Haddon Hill/Lakemont subdivision is eligible for the.NRHP and CRHR under both Criterion /\/1 for its association with the development of City Beautiful-style planned residential subdivisions in Oak.land, and Crit,,rion C/3 for its concentration of architect-designed, large- and moderate-scale single family homes. The property is located in a prominent location within the Haddon Hill/Lakemonl subdivision, at near to the highest elevation and at the top of the subdivision's origirn,l grand marble stairc.1se (since removed). It is also one of the largest p]'()pertks within the subdivision and reflects the "villa lot" wherein primary fo�ades W(:'fl' wider than their depth. The Haddon Hill/1.akenwnt subdivision would bt1 considered an ar ea of primary importance, as it is a historically and visually c.ohesive areas and properly grouping that contains a high proportion of individual properties that are register-eligible and overall it appe,,rs eligible for listing in the NRHP and CRHR.
12. Fnmiliarity
664 Haddon Road rt1ceives a good (G) rating for familiarity, as it is a conspicuous and familiar feature within t.hi! ndghborhood where it is localed, but due to tlw n?Sidential character of the neighborhood, the property is not particularly familiar to the larger city or the nigion.
D. Integrity
Ratings in this (\1tegory are Excelknt (E), Good (C), Fair (F), and Poor (I').
DPR 523L (1/95) *Required informallon
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
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Page of '17 *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) 664 Haddon Road
13. Conditiu11
664 Haddon Road receives an excellent (E) rating for condition. No apparent surface wear or structural problems were observed during the C(;urse of an intensive site visit, and none of the building's d,:sign eh:m,!nts appear to require replacenwnt due to deterioration.
14. Exterior Alterntio11s
664 Haddon Road has undergone alterations which bring its rating in this c:ateg01y to good (G). Following completion of original construction in :I 924, a series of a.Iterations were made between 1931 and 1941 by original owner Henry J. Kaiser, including enclosure of a second-floor-level deck to make a sunroom; a 011e-·room additicm; an addition to the garage; partition within the basement to construct servant's quarters; addition of a second-floor-level bedroom over the garage; alterations to the kitchen including new windows; covering a deck with new root; alterations to the inter.ior and exterior portions of the fireplace; and enlargement of the patio/conservatory and the study. Additional alterations made between 1967 and 1978 include interior renovations for the change of use to a group care facility, and a kitchen remodel: the kitchen remodel has been removed, which is not reflected in tlw permit record.However, the majority of alterations were made during the property's various pPriods of significance, which range from 1924 through 1977, and were concentrated at the sides ,md rear of the building, enabling the overall historic character of the property lo remain strong. For these reasons 664 Haddon Road has a good (G) rating for exterior alterations.
Conclusion
The intensive survey and evaluation assigns 664 Haddon Road a rating of "Al," signifying that the building is of highest importance and is located in a district or area of primary importance.
Period of Significance Overview
664 lladdon Road had been found significant und(!r several criteria and contexts each with a slightly varying period of significance, which c1re stun1narized as;
• Criterion A/l for its association with the dPvdopment of the Kaiser Permanente lwalth carp system, with a period of significann' of 1943, the year the conference where the creation of the health care system was explicitly discussed, took place; • Criteria A/1 for its direct association with Clausen House, which developed an innovative system of care for developmentally disabled adults, with a period of significance of 1967, the year that the Clausen HousP was established at the subject property, through 1977, the last year that the subject properly likely operated as a group home; • Criterion B/2 for its direct association with Henry J. Kaiser, with a period of significance of 1924, the year the property was commissioned by and constructed for Kaiser, through 1946, the approximate year Kaiser stopped living at the property and moved to a nearby apartment;
• Criterion C/3 as a property that embodips the distinctive characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Revival style of archi tecturc, with a period of significance ot 1924, the year the house was originally constructed; ,md • Criterion C/3 as ,1 properly that represents the work of master architect William E. Schirmer, with a period of significance of 1924 through 1932, which reflects the year original er.instruction was completed t hrough the year that Schirmer designed a one-room addition.
Based on this overview of t:he various periods of si.gnifirnnce, the property has two overarching periods of significance. The first: begins in 1924, wlum tlw property was construct,?d; 1xmtinues through th,? 1920s, 1930s and the first half of the 1940s, when Henry J. Kais,?r lived at the propmty, conducted various business and social events at the property, and oversaw nearly continuous alterations to the property; and ends in 1946 which is the approximate year that Kaiser moved out of the house. The subject property then has a second, later period of significance associated with its ttmure as the first location of Clausen Hous,?, from 1967 through 1977. Overnll, the periods of significanc,? for th,? property an? 1924-1946, and 1966- 1977.
Integrity Assessment
In addition to a finding of histork significance, in order to be ,,ligible for listing on the CRHR or NRHP, a property must retain integrity. Int,?grity is defined in National Register Bulletin 15 as the "ability of a property to convey its significance." The National Park Service recognizes seven aspects or qualities of integrity, which include location; design; setting; materials; workmanship; feeling; and association. To retain integrity, a property must possess scv,?ral, it not all, of thcst? seven qualities.
DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
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CONT IN UATION SHEE T
Prima ry#
HR I#
Trin omi al
Page of "17 *Resou rce Name or # (Assig ned by recor der) 664 Hadd on Roa d Thti subjed property ha s not bePn moved and therefore retains excellent int egri ty of location.
The propert y re tains stro n g in tegrity of design to its two overar ching periods of signif ica nc e. The prope rty has un dergone a serie s of alterat i(,ns, detailed on page 83 of th is report and su mmi.l rized here: enclosu re of second -flo or le vel sunr ooms (19 31); an unspe cif ied room ad dit ion (19 32); garage addit ion (19 3.5), cons tructio n of a bed room above the garage and basem ent remodel (19 36); an add ition to the second-f loor libr ary (perh aris 19 36); the ext ension of a stair case and landing (lik ely 1936); constructi on of brea kfast room bay wind ow (1939 ), ch imne y and firep lace alterations (1940); secon d-fl oor l,,vel solari um enc lostm' (19 41) ; an d ki tchen remodel (1 978) . Addi ti onal alter ntio ns that are not refledPd in the permit ln stor y incl ude likely replac ement of divided wi ndows with plat e win dows in the primary (west) fayade /living room; construction of ex terior stai rcas,, at the east side of the south fai;:ade; master closet and glass bl ock wal l at the ju nction of the two facets of the sout h fac;-ade; the glass blo ck wal l in the first-flo or ba throom; and the ins ertio n of me tal kit dwn wind ows . Consi der ed together, tlwse chan g,is reduce in tegrity of desig n und,"r tlw Crit erion C/3 findings of signi ficance, namely as a property that embodies the distin ctiv e chara cterist ics of the Italian Ren aissance Revi val style of arch it ect ure, an d as a prope rty that represents the work of master architect Willia m E. Schirmer. The pe riods of signi ficanc e for these two find in gs are 1924 and 19 24-19 32, respec tiv ely, and the majority of al tera tions at the subjed property post-dat e those years. Howe ver, even with this reduced integrity of design as it rel ates to these two si gnifican ce fin dings, the prope rty retains the charact er-d efining design elements of Italian Renaissan ce Revi val style ar chit ect ure and most of the orig inal des ign elemen ts and desi gn int en t of Sch irmer. Therefore, it can be said th at the property ret ains reduced yet sufficient int egri ty of desii:,'fl to continue to convey its hist ori c si gnificance unde r these areas. Regarding the remai ning fi nding s of signi ficance (Criterion A/1 for two associations, and B/2) the only al ter ation s that are kno wn to have taken plac e af ter the periods of signif ic ance for these findi ngs include ki tchen alt era tions , wh ich are lornted in a service area of the hous e and associat ed exterior changes to three wi ndows located at rear facades of the build ing. For this reason, the propert y retains excellen t integrity of design for the findings of signific ance under Crit eria A/I and B/2.
The su bject property retains excelknt int egri ty of settin g, because its immediate setting , including the lot on which it is loca ted, retains a mixture of hardscaping and l,rnd scaping which do not appe ar substantially changed since the periods of sign ifican ce, and its broad er sett in g, in cluding the reside ntial prop erti es, stree ts, and genera l neig hborh ood charader, do not i.1ppea r substa ntia lly changed since tlw �wriod of s.ignif icance.
The property rdains very str ong in tegrity of mat ,irials. Similar to the discussion of the pwper ty's in tegrity of design and workm an ship, the al tera tions detai led on page 88 of this report and summa rized above red uce in tegrity of materials un der the two Criterion C:/3 fi nding s ol' sig nif icance. The peri ods of signi fic ance for these find ings are 1924 and 19 24-1 932, and the alterations at the subject property tha t post-dah ) thosP years removed some of the materials that were used du ring original constr uctio n of the building and the 1932 add ition. However, because Lhe majori ty of these al tera tions were concent rated at the rear (eas t) fa.;a de of the bui ldi ng; because the materi al pa llet of al te rat ions is largely in kind with the historic ma teri al pa llet; and beca use the prim ary (west) and north facades are almost comp letely unal tered and retain a signif icant amount of the building's original ma teri als, the property retains strong integrit y of materials and contin ues to convey its hist oric significance under Cri terion C/3. Regard ing the remai ning finding s of signi ficance (Cri terio n i\/1 for two asso ciati ons, and B/2) altera tions that are known to have taken place after the periods of signi ficance for these findin gs include kitchen alt erations , whic h are located in a s ervice ar ea of the hous e.
Associa ted ext erior changes are con fined to th ree windows loca ted at rear faca des of the bu ild ing . These changes removed on ly a small amoun t of ori ginal materials at the propert y, and for this reason, the properly retains excel len t in tegri ty of workm ans hip for the finding s of signi ficance under Crit eria A/J and B/2.
The property retai ns strong int egrity of work manship . Simil, u to the di scussion of the property's integri ty of design, the al terat ions deta iled on page 83 of this report and summar ized above reduc e in tegri ty of workm ans hip under the two Crit erion C/3 findings of signi ficance. The periods of significance for these findings are 192 4 and 1924--1 932, and the al tera tions at the sub ject propert y th at post- -date those years are lik ely to have removed some ex<.1mples of workman ship. However, because the majori ty of tlwse al tera tions were con,:en tra ted at the rear (east) fa�:ade of the buildin g, and b,)cause the pri mary (west) and north facades are almost complete ly una ltered and reta in the dist inctive workm anship elements of [tali an Rena issa nce Reviva l style architect ure and the origi nal workma nship details in cluded in Schi rmer' s origin al desi gn of the btJi ldi ng, the property retains strong in tegri ty of workm anship and continu es to convey it s his toric sig ni ficance under Cri terion Ci3. Regarding the remaining findings of significance (Criterion A/I for two associatio ns, and B/2) alterations tha t are known to ha ve tak en pl ace afte r the periods of signif icance for these findi ngs include ki tchen altera tions , whic h are loca ted in a servic e area of the house. Associ at ed exte rior chang es are co nfine d to th ree windo ws located at rear faca des of the buildi ng. These changes are no t likely to have removed any examples of wo rkm anship at the property, and for this reason, the propert y retains excel len t integrity of workmanshi p for the findings of significance under Crit eria A/1 and B/2.
The property retain s very strong integri ty of feeling. In tegrit y of fr •di ng is assessed by dete rmi ning if the property retains enou gh physkal teatures, contai ned in tlw design, materials and work manship of the property, to convey the property's historic char acte r. As detailed in the precedi ng discussi ons of des i gn, ma terials and workm anship, despit e alter a ti ons, the prope rty retains red tJced yet suffi cient integ rity un der Criterion Ci3, and exce llent in tegri ty unde r Cri teria A/1 and B/2. For these rea sons, the property can easily convey it s his tor ic char acter an d retaim very st rong integrity of feeling.
The property retains excell ent int egri ty of as socia tio n, because it is the loca tion where the even ts for which it is historically signi ficant took plac e, namely it is the residenc e of I-frnrv J. Ka iser; it is the location wher e the conferenc e where the creation of Kaiser's healt h care system took place; DPR 523L (1 /95) *Req uir ed information
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
Primary#
HRI#
Trinomial
Page of 17 *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) 664 Haddon Road and it is the location where Clausen House was established. The property remains able to convey its association with these people and events because the single alteration that has taken place at the property since the period of significance affected the kitchen, a secondary area of the properly that would not be characterized as causing a major change to the building's historic character.
In summary, the subject property retains excellent integrity of location, setting, and association,md strong integrity of design, materials, workmanship, ,md feeling. Overall, the property retains sufficient integrity to convey its historic significance and remains eligible for !isling on the CRHR or NRHP.
Character-Defining Features
Character-defining features are the visual and physical features that give a building its identity and distinctive character. They may include the overall building shape, its materials, craftsmanship, decorative details, interior spaces and features, and aspects of its si.te and environment.
Exterior facades
General
• Two-story height and roughly rectangular footprint
• Rectangular massing
• Stucco exterior
• Recessed volumes at north and south ends of the building • Molded cornices with minimal to moderate eave overhang • Hipped roof covered in day tile
• Ball-cap finials al the roof corners
Exterior - Primary fai;ade
• Symmetrical arrangement
• Compound grand stai.rcase including scored concrete landings, balustrades, and fountain • Primary ,!ntrance including arched doorway, decorative quoins, French iron security gate, and paneled door • Wrought-iron sconce lamps with amber-colored glass
• Wrought-iron balconett:e above primary entrance
• Full-height, wood, fom-lite, French casement windows with exaggerated sills and molded cornices • Full .. heighl, wood, arched, four--lile, French casement windows with exaggerated sills and molded cornices • Wood, three-lite, French casement windows with exaggerated sills • \Vood, arched, six-lite casement windows with molded cornices • Beveled profile corners on second floor
Exterior - North fa,;ade, right porticm
• Oversized, ornamented, brick chimney that narrows in several step as it ascends • Full-height, wood, arched, four-lite, French casement windows with exaggerated sills and molded cornices, ornamented by wrought iron bakonettes
• Wood, arched, six .. Jite casement windows with molded cornice Exterior - North fa,;ade, left portion
• Recessed garage entry including dropped, stucco-dad beams spanned by arches and some groin arches, paneled two-car overhead garage door
• Pedestrian entrance including curved brick stairs and redangular landing, arched metal door with drcular panes, and wrought-iron grate with the letter "K"
• Large, arched, steel-sash, window ornamented by a wrought-iron balconette • Wood, arched, four-lite casement windows
Exterior - South fo<;ade, left portion
• Cantiid bay window cappiid by hipped roof
• Lorge wrought-iron sc,mct? lamps with amber-colored gl,1ss • Beveled profile corners on second floor
• Pair of full hiiight, wood, m·ched, e.ight-litf:i, casement w.indows ornamented by a wrought-iron bakonettii • Wood, arched, six .. lite casement windows with molded cornices Exterior- South fa<;ade, right portion
Site
• Wood, flat, eight-lite, casement windows
• Projecting semicircular tower with large glass block window • Larg,?, arched, steiil-sash, window
• Peaked roof line above arched window
Primary (west) yard
DPR 523L (1/95) *Required Information
State of California - The Resources Agency
DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION
CONTINUATION SHEET
Primary#
HRI#
Trinomial
Page of 17 *Resource Name or# (Assigned by recorder) 664 Haddon Road • Low retaining wall
• Narrow, landscaped setb,1ek with pair of mature Douglas Fir trees North yard
• N,1rrow landscaped setback
• Curved concrete driveway
• Brick and wood picket fence with floral cut-outs
• Wrought iron railing
South yard
• Terraced south yard including divided sPmi-circular balustrade, with concrete bird bath in the middk• • Low retaining wall ion line with primary fa,,1de of dwelling, including three curved flagstone steps • Hexagonal, scored concrete patio adjacent to bay wi.ndow Interior
Basement
• Vestibule apartment
• vVood paneling in apartment
First Floor
• Paneled main entrance door
• Closets flanking main entrance
• Main staircase with brass handrail and floral and curlicue balustrade • Groin-vaulted ceiling with rib crown molding
• Pillars with decorative capitals in foyer
• Archt!d eight-panel wood doors in foyer
• Globe pendant light with amber glass in foyer
• Light actjacent to main staircase
• Chamfered pilasters with compound cornices
• Tall, molded baseboards
• Wood flooring
• Crown molding throughout interior of house
• Living room fireplace with wood mantel and marble hearth • Dining room
• :Multi-light pendant lamp in dining room
• Coved ceiling in dining room
• Arched paneled doors
• Pendant lamp in breakfast room
• Enclosed vestibule adjacent to service corridor
• Metal sconces with globe lamps in service corridor
Second Floor
• Scroll work chandelier with grc1pes and grape leaf motif in hallway • Arched wood doors (excluding hollow-core wood doors)
• \V ood floors
• Molded baseboards
e Crown molding
• Archt!d door openings
• Library
• Moster bedroom
• Bedrooms
c, Roll-down screens
o Glazt?d door kiading to solarium
o Exposed ceiling beams
e1 Coffored (:tiiling
o Wood pan eled walls
• Bathroom
o Blue tile, green tile
o Original fixtures
• Solarium with green-tikd tloor and roof of translucent safety glass • Lantern sconces
Fully glazed doors in so.larium
• Pairtid archt?d doors providing acct!SS to library
DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information
State of Cali forn ia - The Resour ces Agency
DE PAR TMENT OF PARKS AND RECRE ATION
CONTI NUATI ON SHEE T
Primar y #
HRI#
Trinomi al
Page of '17 *Resour ce Name or # (Assign ed by recorder ) 664 Had don Roa d Dist rict Eval uati on
The U. S. Department of the Interio r, Nationa l Park Service guid ance ind icates that a potential hist oric di strict must possess a signi ficant concentratio n, linka ge, or continuity of si tes, buildi ngs, structures, or objects uni t(!d hi stori cally or aesth etic all y by plan or physi cal devel opment .
A dist rict de rives its im portan ce from being a unifie d ent i.ty, tha t can convey the int err elat ionship of it s resources and prov ide a vis ual sense of th e ov erall hist oric envir onment and/or arrangem ent of hist orically or functionally related prop erties. A district must be his torica lly signifi cant for either archi tectural, archeol ogical, engineering, or cult ural associ atio ns, and mu st be a definable geographic area that can be disting uished from surrou nding prnpert ies by changes such as densit y, scale , type, age, style of sites, buil ding s, structu res, ,rnd objects, or by docume nted di fferenet!S in pa tterns of hist oric development or assoc iations.
Based on resear ch con duct ed for this report and a limit ed-s cope winds hield survey , the portion of Cleveland Heigh ts that was subd ivi ded and devel oped as Haddon Hill in 1912 -1 914, and more successfu lly develo ped as Lake mon t in 19 20-1 928 is historical ly signif ican t as a dis trict unde r Criteria A/1 (Events) for its associ atio n with the development of City Beautif ul- style planned residenti al subdi visions in Oakland. The street plan of Hadd on Hill was desi gned in 19 12 by renowned landscape engin eer Mark Daniels , a pioneer in the City Beautif ul desig n movem ent who also de signed th e Forest Hills subd ivis ion in San Fran cisco. Daniels provide d man y ch aracteri stic City Beau tif ul desi gn elements in Haddo n Hill , in cl uding cu rvi linear st reets, street furnitur e including foun tains, ur ns and pla nt ers, a broad fli ght of mar ble sta irs wi.th a mar ble puma at the top designed by prol ific sculpt or Arthur Putnam. Daniels also incorporated an innovative pla n for "v illa sit,•s" in Haddon Hill, wherein lots along the main roads were wider than they were deep, ,1ll owing the construction of la rge homes with im posi ng primar y facades. The subd iv ision was als o reporte dly the fi rst in the Bay Area to bury its util ity lines in und erground cond uits. Whil e the first ph ase of deve lopmen t of the subdivision did not incl ude extensive residen tial construct ion, the high qualit y of the layout, amenities , and locatio n of the sub divisio n contributed to its rapid developm ent during its second pha se of de velo pment under new ownersh ip, from 1920-1 928. By 19 28, approxi mately 78 percent of the neighbo rhood ,vas develop ed . Due to the City Beau tif ul design element s of the su bdi vis ion, it ap pears to be hi storical ly sign i.ficant under Cri terio n A (Events). The period of signif icanc e for this fi ndin g of signif icanc e is 1912 , the year const ruction began in the subdivis ion, thro ugh 19 28, the encl of the period of rapid constr uction in the subdivision's secon d phase of devel opmen t. 664 Had don Roa d wou ld qualif y as a contributing resource withi n th is potential his tori c dis trict.
Based on research conduct ed for this report and a lim ited -scope windshield survey, the por tion of Cleveland Heights that was subdivided and develope d as Hadd on Hill in 1912 -191 4, and more successful ly de veloped as Lake mont in 19 20-1 928 is also historica lly sign ifican t as a district under Cri terio n C (Design/Con struction) for its concentrati on of archi tect-desig ned, large - and mod era te-scale sing le famil y homes. Homes built during both phases of development var y in size, as intended based on the inclusion of a variety of sizes of lots within the su bdivision. Small bunga lows were constru cted on
Kenwyn Road, wi th more spacio us two-st ory homes on Rad nor Road, and the largest houses loca ted in the cen ter of the subdi visio n, on the 600 block of Haddo n R oad . Properties vary in st yle, common within subdivis ions where owners purchased lots and hired their own preferred archi tects. Period reviv al styles dominate the neighbor hood, reflecting a broader trend in archi tect ure in the 192 0s, with most homes designed in the Ita lian Rena issance Re viva l or Spa nis h Coloni al Revi val st yle , with example s of Tudor Revival and French Eclectic as wel l. Not ed archit ects who desi gned ho uses in Hadd on Hill/ Lake mont in clude Charl es W. Dickey (662 Kenwyn Road; 19 1 4), archi tect of the Clar emon t Hotel; Leonar d Cooke with possible design assi stance or extensive alterations by Julia 1\-lorgan (636 Hillgirt Circle, 1914 ;1917 ); Wi llia m E. Schirmer (664 Ha ddon Road, 1 923), who later collab orated on tlw desi gn the i\l,mieda County Su�wri or Court bui lding; Sidn ey and NoblP Newsome (609 Kenwyn Road, 19 28), designers of many notable Bay Ar ea. homes; Douglas Da cre Stone (590 Mer ritt Roa d, 19 28), architect of Oakland Chi ldren 's Ho spitc1l and other hospital s around the Bay Area ; and Alfred W. Smit h (551 Ha ddon Road, 1929, and 589 Haddo n Road, 19 24), an extremely prolif ic Bay Area designer, known to have desig ned over 400 houses, commer cial and industrial bu\ldi ngs, apar tment buildi ngs, churches, lod ges, and insti tutional build ings during his career. l..akemont was alm ost completely buil t-out during the surge of const ruction between 19 21 and 19 28; fewer than two doz�n houses we re buil t here belween 1929 and .1.955, and while some homes have been mod erniz�d through alter ations , the dist rict includes very few example s of contemporary construction. Overall, the arna tha t was subdivided as Haddon Hill and more fu lly devclopt ?d as Lak ernont incl ude s a nota blt? concentra ti()n of archi tect-d esigned, lar ge- and mod imitr:'·SC.\k sing le family homes with very fow alterations ,md example s of new constrn ct:ion, an d appears to be historica lly signifi can t under Cr.iter.ion C: (Desi gn/Cons tructi on). The period ol' signi fican ce for this finding of signi flcance is 19 12 , the year constr uction bega n in the subd ivis ion, through 1928, the end of the JH?riod of rapid rnnstructi( )n in lht! subdivis ion 's secon d phase ()f (fovelop ment. 664 Had don Road would 11uali fy a.� a contri buting resol1 rc.\1 within this pote nti al historic dist rict.
DPR 523L (1 /95) •Req uir ed infor mat ion
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Appendix F.
City of Oakland Evaluation Sheet for Landmark Eligibility SWCA Environmental Consultants
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SWCA Environmental Consultants
Historical Resource Evaluation for 664 Haddon Road, City of Oakland, County of Alameda, California Oakland !flJ1ur,I Plmt
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