OAKLAND
CITY OF
Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025
Economic Workforce Development Departmentand
Attachment B
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
11 12
13 14
Macarthur Boulevard
Franklin Street
International Boulevard
9th Street
Foothill Boulevard
Webster Street
Broadway
7th Street
Coliseum Way
Martin Luther King Jr Way
8th Street
10th Street
Lakeside Drive
Fruitvale Avenue
668
534
495
307
278
246
233
231
229
225
224
221
202
187
BUSINESS AND EMPLOYMENT CORRIDORS
Rank Street Name Business Count
Source: City of Oakland Business Tax & License, 2023, CA Employment Development Department, 2023 — XX—Economic Development Action Plan • 2025-2029 — 02—Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
C o m m e rc ia l
B u s in e s s e s
5 4 %
R e s id e n tia l
L a n d lo rd s
4 6 %
0 - $ 2 5 0 K $ 2 5 0 K - > $ 1 M $ 1 M - $ 2 . 5 M $ 2 . 5 M + 0 %
2 0 %
4 0 %
6 0 %
8 0 %
7 3 .0 %
1 5 .0 %
6 .0 % 5 .0 %
U n d e r 5 5 t o 9 1 0 t o 2 4 2 5 t o 4 9 5 0 + 0 %
1 0 %
2 0 %
3 0 %
4 0 %
5 0 %
6 0 %
7 0 %
8 0 % 7 9 .0 %
1 1 .0 %
7 .0 %
2 .0 % 1 .0 %
BUSINESS CHARACTERISTICS
BUSINESS LICENSES ANNUAL BUSINESS REVENUE EMPLOYEES PER BUSINESS Source: Oakland Business Tax & License, 2025 *Employment data is from 2024
PERCENTAGE
PERCENTAGE
— 03 —Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
BUSINESS SECTORS
0 5 0 0 1 , 0 0 0 1 , 5 0 0 2 , 0 0 0 2 , 5 0 0 3 , 0 0 0 3 , 5 0 0 4 , 0 0 0 4 , 5 0 0 R e a l E s t a t e a n d R e n t a l a n d L e a s i n g P r o f e s s i o n a l , S c i e n t i fi c , a n d T e c h n i c a l S e r v i c e s C o n s t r u c t i o n
R e t a i l T r a d e
R e s i d e n t i a l S e r v i c e s
A d m i n S u p p o r t , W a s t e M g m t a n d R e m e d i a t i o n A c c o m m o d a t i o n a n d F o o d S e r v i c e s H e a l t h C a r e a n d S o c i a l A s s i s t a n c e M a n u f a c t u r i n g
W h o l e s a l e T r a d e
A r t s , E n t e r t a i n m e n t , a n d R e c r e a t i o n T r a n s p o r t a t i o n a n d W a r e h o u s i n g I n f o r m a t i o n
E d u c a t i o n a l S e r v i c e s
F i n a n c e a n d I n s u r a n c e
A g r i c u l t u r e , F o r e s t r y , F i s h i n g a n d H u n t i n g P u b l i c A d m i n i s t r a t i o n
U t i l i t i e s
M a n a g e m e n t o f C o m p a n i e s a n d E n t e r p r i s e s M i n i n g , Q u a r r y i n g , a n d O i l a n d G a s E x t r a c t i o n
N U M B E R O F B U S I N E S S L I C E N S E S
4 , 0 9 4
3 , 7 4 5
3 , 2 6 8
2 , 7 8 8
2 , 5 9 5
1 , 7 8 4
1 , 3 6 9
1 , 3 4 6
8 2 5
5 5 1
4 1 4
3 7 6
3 3 9
2 2 8
1 8 8
1 2 2
1 1 7
9 3
5 3
* Total does not include 24,527 Residential Landlords
Source: Oakland Business Tax & License, 2025
— 04 —Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
BUSINESS OWNERSHIP BY RACE
Source: Oakland Business Tax & License Application Data, 2025 W h i t e
2 4 %
D e c l i n e T o S t a t e
2 3 %
A s i a n / A s i a n
A m e r i c a n
2 1 %
A f r i c a n
A m e r i c a n /
B l a c k
1 0 %
H i s p a n i c / L a t i n o
1 0 %
O t h e r
6 %
M u l t i p l e O w n e r s
4 %
M u l t i - R a c i a l
2 %
— XX—Economic Development Action Plan • 2025-2029 — 05 —Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
BUSINESS OWNERSHIP BY GENDER
Source: Oakland Business Tax & License Application Data, 2025 M a l e
3 8 . 6 %
F e m a l e
2 8 . 4 %
D e c l i n e t o S t a t e
2 1 . 3 %
M u l t i p l e O w n e r s
1 1 . 2 %
— XX—Economic Development Action Plan • 2025-2029 — 06 —Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
N U M B E R O F E M P L O Y E E S
NUMBER OF EMPLOYERS
NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES
EMPLOYMENT 2010-2025
2 0
1 0
2 0
1 1
2 0
1 2
2 0
1 3
2 0
1 4
2 0
1 5
2 0
1 6
2 0
1 7
2 0
1 8
2 0
1 9
2 0
2 0
2 0
2 1
2 0
2 2
2 0
2 3
2 0
2 4
2 0
2 5
0 5 , 0 0 0
1 0 , 0 0 0
1 5 , 0 0 0
2 0 , 0 0 0
2 5 , 0 0 0
Y E A R
Y E A R
S o u r c e : C A E m p l o y m e n t D e v e l o p m e n t D e p a r t m e n t , 2 0 2 5
N U M B E R O F E M P L O Y E R S
2 0
1 0
2 0
1 1
2 0
1 2
2 0
1 3
2 0
1 4
2 0
1 5
2 0
1 6
2 0
1 7
2 0
1 8
2 0
1 9
2 0
2 0
2 0
2 1
2 0
2 2
2 0
2 3
2 0
2 4
2 0
2 5
0 5 0 , 0 0 0
1 0 0 , 0 0 0
1 5 0 , 0 0 0
2 0 0 , 0 0 0
— XX—Economic Development Action Plan • 2025-2029 — 07—Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
24,308
184,484
EMPLOYMENT SECTORS
0 1 0 , 0 0 0 2 0 , 0 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 0 4 0 , 0 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 H e a l t h C a r e a n d S o c i a l A s s i s t a n c e T r a n s p o r t a t i o n a n d W a r e h o u s i n g E d u c a t i o n a l S e r v i c e s
P r o f e s s i o n a l , S c i e n t i fi c , T e c h n i c a l S e r v i c e s A c c o m m o d a t i o n a n d F o o d S e r v i c e s A d m i n , S u p p o r t , W a s t e M g m t , R e m e d i a t i o n R e s i d e n t i a l S e r v i c e s
P u b l i c A d m i n i s t r a t i o n
R e t a i l T r a d e
C o n s t r u c t i o n
A r t s , E n t e r t a i n m e n t , a n d R e c r e a t i o n M a n u f a c t u r i n g
W h o l e s a l e T r a d e
M a n a g e m e n t o f C o m p a n i e s a n d E n t e r p r i s e s F i n a n c e a n d I n s u r a n c e
I n f o r m a t i o n
R e a l E s t a t e a n d R e n t a l a n d L e a s i n g U t i l i t i e s
A g , F o r e s t r y , F i s h i n g a n d H u n t i n g M i n i n g , Q u a r r y i n g , a n d O i l a n d G a s E x t r a c t i o n
N U M B E R O F E M P L O Y E E S L O C A T E D I N O A K L A N D 4 6 , 1 2 1
1 8 , 9 5 1
1 5 , 3 0 1
1 5 , 0 0 7
1 2 , 8 0 9
1 0 , 5 5 5
1 0 , 3 9 5
1 0 , 2 2 5
8 , 9 8 5
7 , 5 6 6
4 , 6 2 2
4 , 2 8 2
3 , 8 7 4
3 , 6 4 1
3 , 4 3 5
3 , 1 6 7
3 , 1 2 5
2 , 1 9 3
2 2 1
9 Source: Oakland Business Tax & License Application Data, 2025 — 07 —Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
0 %- 2 0 %- 4 0 % 0 % 2 0 % 4 0 % 6 0 % 8 0 %
I n f o r m a t i o n
H e a l t h C a r e a n d S o c i a l A s s i s t a n c e P u b l i c A d m i n i s t r a t i o n
C o n s t r u c t i o n
A r t s , E n t e r t a i n m e n t , a n d R e c r e a t i o n R e a l E s t a t e a n d R e n t a l a n d L e a s i n g P r o f e s s i o n a l , S c i e n t i fi c , T e c h n i c a l S e r v i c e s A c c o m m o d a t i o n a n d F o o d S e r v i c e s U t i l i t i e s
A d m i n , S u p p o r t , W a s t e M g m t , R e m e d i a t i o n M a n a g e m e n t o f C o m p a n i e s a n d E n t e r p r i s e s T r a n s p o r t a t i o n a n d W a r e h o u s i n g E d u c a t i o n a l S e r v i c e s
R e t a i l T r a d e
F i n a n c e a n d I n s u r a n c e
R e s i d e n t i a l S e r v i c e s
A g r i c u l t u r e , F o r e s t r y , F i s h i n g a n d H u n t i n g M i n i n g , Q u a r r y i n g , O i l a n d G a s E x t r a c t i o n W h o l e s a l e T r a d e
M a n u f a c t u r i n g
N U M B E R O F E M P L O Y E E S L O C A T E D I N O A K L A N D 6 6 %
5 4 %
3 9 %
3 6 %
3 6 %
3 4 %
2 9 %
1 9 %
1 8 %
1 6 %
1 0 %
8 %
3 %
- 1 0 %
- 1 6 %
- 2 6 %
- 2 7 %
- 3 1 %
- 3 1 %
- 3 8 %
Source: Oakland Business Tax & License Application Data, 2025 — 08 —Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
CHANGE IN EMPLOYMENT 2010- 2025
H isp an ic/L atin o
29.1%
W h ite
27.9 %
B la ck o r
A f rican
A m e rican
18 .1%
A sian
16 .4%
Tw o o r
M o re
R a ce s
6 .7 %
OAKLAND RESIDENT PROFILE
R A C E F O R E I G N - B O R N R E S I D E N T S F O R E I G N - B O R N C I T I Z E N S H I P Source: Census: Amercan Community Survey, 2024
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOMEOTHER THAN ENGLISH N a tiv e
7 1.3 %
F o re ig n -B o rn
2 8 .7 %
N a tu ra liz e d
U .S . c itiz e n
5 2 .9 %
N o t a U .S . c itiz e n
47.1%
Spanish
57.8%
Asian and Pacific
Islander
languages
25.9%
Other languages
8.9%
Other Indo-
European
languages
7.4%
C o m m e r c i
a l
B u s i n e s s e s
6 2 %
Latin America
47.3%
Asia
37.6%
Africa
7%
Europe
5.7%
W h i t e
2 7 . 9 %
B l a c k
2 0 . 9 %
E n g lish o n ly
58 .3%
L a n g u a g e o th e r
th a n E n g lish
41.7 %
— XX—Economic Development Action Plan • 2025-2029 — 09 —Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2024
OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
Less than 9th grade
9th to 12th grade, no diploma
High school graduate and equivalency
Some college, no degree
Associate's
Bachelor's
Graduate or Professional
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
10.4%
4.7%
13.9% 14.2%
5.3%
28.0%
23.4%
Less than $10,000
$10,000 to $14,999
$15,000 to $24,999
$25,000 to $34,999
$35,000 to $49,999
$50,000 to $74,999
$75,000 to $99,999
$100,000 to $149,999
$150,000 to $199,999
$200,000 or more
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
4.8% 4.6%
6.5%
4.5%
7.0%
11.6%
9.7%
15.9%
11.6%
23.7%
OAKLAND RESIDENT PROFILE
— 10—Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025
HIGHEST EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ANNUAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME
PERCENTAGE
PERCENTAGE
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2024 — 11 —Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
EQUITY INDICATORS
BLACK 2+ RACES HISPANIC API WHITE0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
RACE/ETHNICITY
PERCENTAGE OF OAKLAND RESIDENTS
9.0%
7.0%
6.0% 6.0%
5.0%
UNEMPLOYMENT LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
WHITE 2+ RACES HISPANIC API BLACK0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
RACE/ETHNICITY
PERCENTAGE OF OAKLAND RESIDENTS
74.0% 74.0% 71.0%
63.0% 60.0% MEDIAN HOUSEHOLD INCOME
WHITE 2+ RACES API HISPANIC BLACK$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
RACE/ETHNICITY
PERCENTAGE OF OAKLAND RESIDENTS
$148,000
$117,680
$89,728
$80,615
$60,000
WHITE 2+ RACES API BLACK HISPANIC0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
RACE/ETHNICITY
PERCENTAGE OF OAKLAND RESIDENTS
63.0%
46.0% 44.0%
35.0%
23.0%
BACHELOR’S DEGREE OR HIGHER
WHITE BLACK 2+ RACES API HISPANIC0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
RACE/ETHNICITY
PERCENTAGE OF OAKLAND RESIDENTS 97.0%
91.0%
80.0% 79.0%
66.0% HIGH SCHOOL DEGREE OR HIGHER
BLACK API HISPANIC 2+ RACES WHITE0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
RACE/ETHNICITY
PERCENTAGE OF OAKLAND RESIDENTS
21.0%
15.0%
14.0%
11.0%
7.0% POVERTY LEVEL
W h i t e
H i s p a n i c / L a t i n o
A s i a n / A s i a n A m e r i c a n
A f r i c a n A m e r i c a n / B l a c k
D e c l i n e t o S t a t e
O t h e r
T w o o r M o r e R a c e s
OAKLAND RESIDENT LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION OAKLAND RESIDENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
PERCENTAGE OF UNEMPLOYED RESIDENTS
YEAR YEAR
OAKLAND RESIDENT PROFILE
Source: CA Employment Development Department, 2025
— 12 —Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
2 0
1 0
2 0
1 1
2 0
1 2
2 0
1 3
2 0
1 4
2 0
1 5
2 0
1 6
2 0
1 7
2 0
1 8
2 0
1 9
2 0
2 0
2 0
2 1
2 0
2 2
2 0
2 3
2 0
2 4
2 0
2 5
0 5 0 , 0 0 0
1 0 0 , 0 0 0
1 5 0 , 0 0 0
2 0 0 , 0 0 0
2 5 0 , 0 0 0
PERCENTAGE OF UNEMPLOYED RESIDENTS
2 0
10 2 0
11 2 0
12 2 0
13 2 0
14 2 0
15 2 0
16 2 0
17 2 0
18 2 0
19 2 0
2 0
2 0
2 1
2 0
2 2
2 0
2 3
2 0
2 4
2 0
2 5
0 %
2 %
4 %
6 %
8 %
1 0 %
1 2 %
1 4 %
239,590
4.9%
D o w n to w n O a k la n d E a s t B a y
2010 Q1
2010 Q3
2011 Q1
2011 Q4
2012 Q2
2012 Q4
2013 Q2
2013 Q4
2014 Q2
2014 Q4
2015 Q2
2015 Q4
2016 Q2
2016 Q4
2017 Q2
2017 Q4
2018 Q2
2018 Q4
2019 Q2
2019 Q4
2020 Q2
2020 Q4
2021 Q2
2021 Q4
2022 Q2
2022 Q4
2023 Q2
2023 Q4
2024 Q2
2024 Q4
2025 Q2
2025 Q4
$ 0
$ 10
$ 2 0
$ 3 0
$ 4 0
$ 5 0
$ 6 0
OFFICE RENT 2010 - 2025
Source: CoStar 2025
Downtown: $42.70
Oakland: $32.30
East Bay: $37.23
— 13 —Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
D o w n t o w n O a k l a n d E a s t B a y
2010 Q
1 2010 Q
3 2011 Q
1 2011 Q
4 2012 Q
2 2012 Q
4 2013 Q
2 2013 Q
4 2014 Q
2 2014 Q
4 2015 Q
2 2015 Q
4 2016 Q
2 2016 Q
4 2017 Q
2 2017 Q
4 2018 Q
2 2018 Q
4 2019 Q
2 2019 Q
4 2020 Q
2 2020 Q
4 2021 Q
2 2021 Q
4 2022 Q
2 2022 Q
4 2023 Q
2 2023 Q
4 2024 Q
2 2024 Q
4 2025 Q
2 2025 Q
4 $ 0
$ 5
$ 1 0
$ 1 5
$ 2 0
Downtown: $17.73
Oakland: $18.41
East Bay: $15.36
INDUSTRIAL RENT 2010 - 2025
Source: CoStar 2025
— 14 —Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
D o w n to w n O a k la n d E a s t B a y
2010 Q1
2010 Q3
2011 Q1
2011 Q3
2012 Q1
2012 Q4
2013 Q2
2013 Q4
2014 Q2
2014 Q4
2015 Q2
2015 Q4
2016 Q2
2016 Q4
2017 Q2
2017 Q4
2018 Q2
2018 Q4
2019 Q2
2019 Q4
2020 Q2
2020 Q4
2021 Q2
2021 Q4
2022 Q2
2022 Q4
2023 Q2
2023 Q4
2024 Q2
2024 Q4
2025 Q2
2025 Q4
$ 0
$ 5
$ 10
$ 15
$ 2 0
$ 2 5
$ 3 0
$ 3 5
Downtown: $29.75
Oakland: $30.33
East Bay: $33.30
RETAIL RENT 2010 - 2025
Source: CoStar 2025
Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F — 15—
— XX—Economic Development Action Plan • 2025-2029 D o w n t o w n O a k l a n d E a s t B a y
2010 Q
1 2010 Q
3 2011 Q
1 2011 Q
4 2012 Q
2 2012 Q
4 2013 Q
2 2013 Q
4 2014 Q
2 2014 Q
4 2015 Q
2 2015 Q
4 2016 Q
2 2016 Q
4 2017 Q
2 2017 Q
4 2018 Q
2 2018 Q
4 2019 Q
2 2019 Q
4 2020 Q
2 2020 Q
4 2021 Q
2 2021 Q
4 2022 Q
2 2022 Q
4 2023 Q
2 2023 Q
4 2024 Q
2 2024 Q
4 2025 Q
2 2025 Q
4 0 %
5 %
1 0 %
1 5 %
2 0 %
2 5 %
OFFICE VACANCY 2010 - 2025
Source: CoStar 2025
Downtown: 21.5%
Oakland: 11.2%
East Bay: 16.1%
— 16—Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F
D o w n to w n O a k la n d E a s t B a y
2010 Q1
2010 Q3
2011 Q1
2011 Q4
2012 Q2
2012 Q4
2013 Q2
2013 Q4
2014 Q2
2014 Q4
2015 Q2
2015 Q4
2016 Q2
2016 Q4
2017 Q2
2017 Q4
2018 Q2
2018 Q4
2019 Q2
2019 Q4
2020 Q2
2020 Q4
2021 Q2
2021 Q4
2022 Q2
2022 Q4
2023 Q2
2023 Q4
2024 Q2
2024 Q4
2025 Q2
2025 Q4
0 %
5 %
10 %
15 %
2 0 %
Source: CoStar 2025
INDUSTRIAL VACANCY 2010 - 2025
Downtown: 2.6%
Oakland: 2.4%
East Bay: 7.9%
Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F — 17—
— XX—Economic Development Action Plan • 2025-2029 D o w n t o w n O a k l a n d E a s t B a y
2010
Q
1 2010
Q
3 2011 Q
1 2011 Q
4 2012 Q
2 2012 Q
4 2013 Q
2 2013 Q
4 2014
Q
2 2014
Q
4 2015 Q
2 2015 Q
4 2016 Q
2 2016 Q
4 2017 Q
2 2017 Q
4 2018 Q
2 2018 Q
4 2019 Q
2 2019 Q
4 2020
Q
2 2020
Q
4 2021 Q
2 2021 Q
4 2022 Q
2 2022 Q
4 2023 Q
2 2023 Q
4 2024
Q
2 2024
Q
4 2025 Q
2 2025 Q
4 0 %
2 %
4 %
6 %
8 %
1 0 %
Downtown: 7.6%
Oakland: 6.5%
East Bay: 5.9%
RETAIL VACANCY 2010 - 2025
Source: CoStar 2025
— 18 —Oakland Citywide Economic Assessment 2025OAKLAND
C I T Y O F