Agenda packet — Pinole City Council, January 20, 2026 (part 1 of 4)

CITY COUNCIL
Anthony Tave, Mayor
Devin T. Murphy, Mayor Pro Tem
Maureen Toms, Council Member
Cameron Sasai, Council Member
Norma Martínez-Rubin, Council Member

PINOLE CITY COUNCIL

MEETING AGENDA
January 20, 2026
5:00 PM
Attend in Person: PINOLE CITY COUNCIL CHAMBERS - 2131 PEAR STREET OR
Attend VIA ZOOM TELECONFERENCE – Details provided below How to Submit Public Comments:

In Person:

Attend meeting at the Pinole City Council Chambers, fill out a yellow public comment card and submit it to the City Clerk.

Via Zoom:

Members of the public may submit a live remote public comment via Zoom video conferencing. Download the Zoom mobile app from the Apple Appstore or Google Play. If you are using a desktop computer, you can test your connection to Zoom by clicking here. Zoom also allows you to join the meeting by phone.

From a PC, Mac, iPad, iPhone or Android:
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/89335000272
Webinar ID: 893 3500 0272
By phone: +1 (669) 900-6833 or +1 (253) 215-8782 or +1 (346) 248-7799 • Speakers will be asked to provide their name and city of residence, although providing this is not required for participation.
• Each speaker will be afforded up to 3 minutes to speak (subject to modification by the Mayor) • Speakers will be muted until their opportunity to provide public comment.

When the Mayor opens the comment period for the item you wish to speak on, please use the “raise hand” feature (or press *9 if connecting via telephone) which will alert staff that you have a comment to provide and press *6 to unmute. To comment with your video enabled, please let the City Clerk know you would like to turn your camera on once you are called to speak.

Written Comments:

All comments received before 3:00 pm the day of the meeting will be posted on the City’s website on the agenda page (Agenda Page Link) and provided to the City Council prior to the meeting. Written comments will not be read aloud during the meeting. Email comments to [email protected] Please indicate which item on the agenda you are commenting on in the subject line of your email.

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City Council
Agenda - January 20, 2026

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OTHER WAYS TO WATCH THE MEETING
LIVE ON CHANNEL 26. They are retelecast the following week. The Community TV Channel 26 schedule is published on the city’s website at www.pinole.gov.

VIDEO-STREAMED LIVE ON THE CITY’S WEBSITE, www.pinole.gov and remain archived on the site for five (5) years.

If none of these options are available to you, or you need assistance with public comment, please contact the Deputy City Clerk, Roxane Stone at (510) 724-8937 or [email protected].

Americans With Disabilities Act: In compliance with the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990, if you need special assistance to participate in a City Meeting or you need a copy of the agenda, or the agenda packet in an appropriate alternative format, please contact the City Clerk’s Office at (510) 724-8937. Notification at least 48 hours prior to the meeting or time when services are needed will assist the City staff in assuring that reasonable arrangements can be made to provide accessibility to the meeting or service.

Note: Staff reports are available for inspection on the City Website at www.pinole.gov. You may also contact the Deputy City Clerk via e-mail at [email protected].

Ralph M. Brown Act. Gov. Code § 54950. In enacting this chapter, the Legislature finds and declares that the public commissions, boards and councils and the other public agencies in this State exist to aid in the conduct of the people's business. It is the intent of the law that their actions be taken openly and that their deliberations be conducted openly. The people of this State do not yield their sovereignty to the agencies, which serve them. The people, in delegating authority, do not give their public servants the right to decide what is good for the people to know and what is not good for them to know. The people insist on remaining informed so that they may retain control over the instruments they have created.

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City Council
Agenda - January 20, 2026

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1. CALL TO ORDER & PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE IN HONOR OF THE US MILITARY TROOPS

2. LAND ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Before we begin, we would like to acknowledge the Ohlone people, who are the traditional custodians of this land. We pay our respects to the Ohlone elders, past, present, and future, who call this place, Ohlone Land, the land that Pinole sits upon, their home. We are proud to continue their tradition of coming together and growing as a community. We thank the Ohlone community for their stewardship and support, and we look forward to strengthening our ties as we continue our relationship of mutual respect and understanding.

3. ROLL CALL, CITY CLERK’S REPORT & STATEMENT OF CONFLICT An official who has a conflict must, prior to consideration of the decision: (1) publicly identify in detail the financial interest that causes the conflict; (2) recuse himself /herself from discussing and voting on the matter; and (3) leave the room until after the decision has been made, Cal. Gov't Code § 87105.

4. CONVENE TO A CLOSED SESSION
Citizens may address the Council regarding a Closed Session item prior to the Council adjourning into the Closed Session, by first providing a speaker card to the City Clerk.

A. None

5. RECONVENE IN OPEN SESSION TO ANNOUNCE RESULTS OF CLOSED SESSION

6. CITIZENS TO BE HEARD (Public Comments)
Citizens may speak under any item not listed on the Agenda. The time limit is 3 minutes and is subject to modification by the Mayor. Individuals may not share or offer time to another speaker. Pursuant to provisions of the Brown Act, no action may be taken on a matter unless it is listed on the agenda, or unless certain emergency or special circumstances exist. The City Council may direct staff to investigate and/or schedule certain matters for consideration at a future Council meeting. PLEASE SEE THE COVERSHEET OF THE

AGENDA FOR INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO SUBMIT PUBLIC COMMENTS

7. REPORTS & COMMUNICATIONS
A. Mayor Report

1. Announcements
B. Mayoral & Council Appointments
C. City Council Committee Reports & Communications
D. Council Requests for Future Agenda Items
E. City Manager Report / Department Staff
F. City Attorney Report

8. RECOGNITIONS / PRESENTATIONS / COMMUNITY EVENTS
A. Proclamations

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City Council
Agenda - January 20, 2026

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1. Recognizing Police Officer of the Year

2. Recognizing Firefighter of the Year
B. Presentations

1. Glow Pinole Presentation — Community Services Director, Andrea Dwyer

9. CONSENT CALENDAR
All matters under the Consent Calendar are considered to be routine and noncontroversial. These items will be enacted by one motion and without discussion. If, however, any interested party or Council member(s) wishes to comment on an item, they may do so before action is taken on the Consent Calendar. Following comments, if a Council member wishes to discuss an item, it will be removed from the Consent Calendar and taken up in order after adoption of the Consent Calendar.

A. Approve the Minutes of the Regular City Council Meeting on December 16, 2025 and the Special City Council Meeting of January 13, 2026.

B. Receive the December 13, 2025 – January 16, 2026, List of Warrants in the Amount of $1,194,412.47, the December 19, 2025 Payroll in the Amount of $583,493.46, the January 2, 2026 Payroll in the Amount of $596,329.70, and the January 16, 2026 Payroll in the Amount of $663,767.06.

C. 2026 Regular City Council Meeting Schedule Action: Approve the 2026 Schedule of Regular City Council Meetings by Minute Order. (Roxane Stone) D. Approve the 2026 Council Committee Assignment List Action: Adopt Resolution per Staff Recommendation (Roxane Stone)
E. Approval Of Resolution Allowing The Submittal Of A Request To The Metropolitan Transportation Commission For The Allocation Of Fiscal Year 2026/27 Transportation Development Act Article 3 Pedestrian/Bicycle Project Funding Action: Adopt Resolution per Staff Recommendation (Heba El-Guindy)

10. PUBLIC HEARINGS
Citizens wishing to speak regarding a Public Hearing item should fill out a speaker card prior to the completion of the presentation, by first providing a speaker card to the City Clerk. An official who engaged in an ex parte communication that is the subject of a Public Hearing must disclose the communication on the record prior to the start of the Public Hearing.

A. Conduct a Public Hearing, Tabulate Ballots, and Consider Adoption of a Resolution Confirming Assessments for the Appian Village Residential Lighting Assessment District for Fiscal Year 2026/27 Action: Adopt Resolution confirming assessments for the Appian Village Residential Lighting Assessment District (Lilly Whalen, David Hanham) B. Adoption of the Safety Element and Health and Environmental Justice Element Action:

Adopt Resolution per Staff Recommendation (David Hanham)

11. OLD BUSINESS
A. None

12. NEW BUSINESS

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City Council
Agenda - January 20, 2026

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A. Annual Comprehensive Financial Report (ACFR) for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2025 Action: Receive and Accept the Report (Markisha Guillory)

13. CITIZENS TO BE HEARD (Continued from Item 6) (Public Comments) Open only to members of the public who did not speak under the first Citizens to Be Heard, Agenda Item 6 Citizens may speak under any item not listed on the Agenda. The time limit is 3 minutes for City Council items and is subject to modification by the Mayor. Individuals may not share or offer time to another speaker.

Pursuant to provisions of the Brown Act, no action may be taken on a matter unless it is listed on the agenda, or unless certain emergency or special circumstances exist. The City Council may direct staff to investigate and/or schedule certain matters for consideration at a future meeting.

14. ADJOURNMENT to the Regular City Council Meeting of February 3, 2026 in Remembrance of Amber Swartz.

I hereby certify under the laws of the State of California that the foregoing Agenda was posted on the bulletin board at the main entrance of Pinole City Hall, 2131 Pear Street Pinole, CA, and on the City’s website, not less than 72 hours prior to the meeting date set forth on this agenda. _______________________
Roxane Stone, CMC
Deputy City Clerk
POSTED: Friday, January 16, 2026 at 11:10 am

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HONORING CAPTAIN BRIAN GEORGE AS THE
2025 CONTRA COSTA COUNTY FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT

FIREFIGHTER OF THE YEAR
WHEREAS, Fire Captain Brian George was awarded Firefighter of the Year for his consistent dedication to excellence, integrity and leadership throughout his career with ConFire.; and
WHEREAS, Fire Captain Brian George has demonstrated a strong and steady commitment to the department's Mission, Vision, and Core Values; not through a single act, but through a sustained level of performance and character that stands out year after year; and
WHEREAS, Fire Captain Brian George serves as the lead instructor for one of the most demanding and essential areas of the Fire Academy, Hose Operations, while supporting numerous other topics as an assistant instructor as well; and WHEREAS, Fire Captain Brian George teaching extends to the Fire Engineer Train to Qualify process, the Captains Academy, and numerous other District sponsored avenues, reflecting his dedication to developing others across all ranks; and
WHEREAS, Fire Brian George has excelled in every role he has held; Firefighter, Engineer, and now Company Officer; and
WHEREAS, Fire Captain is a trusted mentor and respected figure throughout the department, and his strong moral character and sense of accountability are evident in how he leads and supports others.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, ANTHONY TAVE, Mayor of the City of Pinole, County of Contra Costa, State of California, on behalf of the City Council and the entire City of Pinole, do hereby wholeheartedly join the Contra Costa Fire Protection District in proffering the most deserved commendation to Captain Brian George for being selected Firefighter Of The Year and encourage all residents to acknowledge and applaud his road to success and his outstanding contributions to our community.

Dated: January 20, 2026

ANTHONY TAVE
MAYOR of the City of Pinole

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Pinole City Council Regular Meeting
Minutes – December 16, 2025

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CITY COUNCIL MEETING

MINUTES
December 16, 2025

1. CALL TO ORDER & PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE IN HONOR OF THE US MILITARY TROOPS
The City Council Meeting was held in a hybrid format (in-person and via Zoom videoconference and broadcast) from the Pinole Council Chambers, 2131 Pear Street, Pinole, California. Mayor Toms called the Regular Meeting of the City Council to order at 5:03 p.m. and led the Pledge of Allegiance.

2. LAND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Before we begin, we would like to acknowledge the Ohlone people, who are the traditional custodians of this land. We pay our respects to the Ohlone elders, past, present and future, who call this place, Ohlone Land, the land that Pinole sits upon, their home. We are proud to continue their tradition of coming together and growing as a community. We thank the Ohlone community for their stewardship and support, and we look forward to strengthening our ties as we continue our relationship of mutual respect and understanding.

3. ROLL CALL, CITY CLERK’S REPORT & STATEMENT OF CONFLICT An official who has a conflict must, prior to consideration of the decision; (1) publicly identify in detail the financial interest that causes the conflict; (2) recuse himself/herself from discussing and voting on the matter; and (3) leave the room until after the decision has been made, Cal. Gov. Code § 87105.

A. COUNCILMEMBERS PRESENT
Cameron Sasai, Mayor
Anthony Tave, Mayor Pro Tem
Norma Martinez-Rubin, Council Member*
Devin Murphy, Council Member
Maureen Toms, Council Member
*Attending Remotely
B. STAFF PRESENT
Melissa Klawuhn, Acting City Manager/Police Chief
Heather Bell-Spears, City Clerk
Eric Casher, City Attorney
Fiona Epps, Communications Director
Heba El-Guindy, Public Works Director
Roxane Stone, Deputy City Clerk
City Clerk Heather Bell-Spears announced the agenda had been posted on Friday, December 12, 2025 at 3:30 p.m. with all legally required written notices. Written comments had been received in advance of the meeting, posted online, distributed to the City Council and available in the Council Chambers for public review.

Following an inquiry, the Council reported there were no conflicts with any items on the agenda.

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Pinole City Council Regular Meeting
Minutes – December 16, 2025

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A. PUBLIC EMPLOYEE APPOINTMENT
Gov. Code §54957
Title: Interim City Manager

PUBLIC COMMENTS OPENED
City Clerk Bell-Spears reported there were no comments from the public.

PUBLIC COMMENTS CLOSED
PLEASE NOTE: Closed Session will cease at 7:00 p.m. and Council will resume the public portion of the agenda.

5. RECONVENE IN OPEN SESSION TO ANNOUNCE RESULTS OF CLOSED SESSION At 7:07 p.m., Mayor Sasai reconvened the meeting into open session. There was no reportable action for Item 4A.

Debbie Long congratulated Anthony Tave on his new role as Mayor. She thanked staff for the beautiful Christmas tree that had been celebrated on December 6, 2025, and highlighted the background of the symbolic meaning of the Christmas tree. She emphasized the importance of being reminded of the true spirit of Christmas, particularly in light of the violence around the country and the world. She recognized the City of Pinole celebrated Christmas as a holiday, which was okay as long as it didn’t forget the true meaning of the Christmas tree and Christ. She also hoped that Hannukah would also be acknowledged by the City and perhaps as other cities had done, there could be a meeting with the Jewish community to see how the holiday could be celebrated next year, as Hannukah had even deeper traditions in the celebration of Christmas.

She wished everyone a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year.

Damian Alarcon, Director of Government Relations and Social Impact, Travis Credit Union, a resident of West Sacramento and former resident in the affordable housing development above the Pear Street Bistro in Pinole, thanked the City of Pinole because who he was today would not have happened without the wonderful city he had been a part of where he met his husband and which had led to his current role at Travis Credit Union. He congratulated Cameron Sasai and Anthony Tave for their wonderful year as Mayor and Mayor Pro Tem, and congratulated Mr. Tave on being the next Mayor.

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Minutes – December 16, 2025

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Mr. Alarcon asked the City Council to consider reaching out to Travis Credit Union, as a memberowned not-for-profit financial institution. He looked forward to future development and expansion in the City of Pinole. He pointed out Travis Credit Union’s growth aligned with the City’s priorities and public sector partners, with a focus on financial education and empowerment, and the credit union could offer a lot to Pinole residents. He looked forward to engaging thoughtfully with the City of Pinole as they learned more about the City’s goals. He again congratulated everyone and wished everyone Happy Holidays.

Antonio “Tony” Silva, a retired electrician with 40+ years in the business and owner of Nob Hill Plaza for the past 30-years, reported he recently received an email alerting him to a new energy program the City was adopting, which raised concerns. He understood the City was getting into the energy business and energy regulation, which he personally found beyond the purview of the City since that was done at a state and federal level. He suggested the City was being redundant on doing that and more focus should be on the business of the City of Pinole and smaller important things like public works. He stated he had been required to install filters related to wastewater on his property and spent a great deal of money to install the filters since his property had a drain that traveled directly into the storm drain, although those storm drains had not been cleaned in months. While he had spoken with City staff about the issue, he had been informed there was no money and public works staff was limited. He suggested those were the types of things the City should focus on rather than an energy program. He also did not like the idea of residents being coerced, guided or pushed into having all-electric and suggested it should be allowed to happen organically. He was uncertain of the mission and what the City was doing. In this matter, he suggested the City had lost his way and again should focus on more important core basics. He was willing to speak further about the energy situation and how the program would be selfdefeating.

Mayor Sasai advised the City Clerk had the speaker’s contact information.

7. REPORTS & COMMUNICATIONS
A. Mayor Report

1. Announcements
Mayor Sasai wished everyone Happy Holidays. He thanked City staff for hosting the Contra Costa Mayors Conference. In particular, he thanked the City Clerk and her staff for their work, and the former Mayors of the City of Pinole who attended the special occasion. He also attended the Christmas tree lighting ceremony in the downtown on December 6, 2025, and noted residents and visitors were very pleased with the event. He thanked the Public Works Department and Department Heads for their hard work on the event and hoped to have that same level of excitement in future years.

Mayor Sasai also welcomed Dave’s Hot Chicken to the City of Pinole and emphasized the City Council would be taking the lead to ensure it was being inclusive and protecting the community, as evidenced by Consent Calendar agenda Item 9F, to be considered later on the meeting agenda, and which was intended to protect the most vulnerable in the community, He also reported the State Attorney General’s Office established an online portal for citizens to report potential unlawful activities of federal immigration enforcement officers at oag.gov/reportmisconduct.

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Minutes – December 16, 2025

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Mayor Sasai also recognized the holidays were a tough time for many and commented one of the students at the Christmas tree lighting ceremony had asked him what his Christmas wish was this year. In response, he asked residents to be kind to each other, especially those with whom they may disagree.

B. Mayoral & Council Appointments: None
C. City Council Committee Reports & Communications
Mayor Pro Tem Tave reported he also attended the Christmas tree lighting ceremony and he liked the fact that San Pablo Avenue had been blocked to keep the event more intimate along with the fact that snow had been provided. He too thanked staff for the great event and looked forward to next year. In addition, he attended a West Contra Costa Transportation Commission (WCCTC) meeting, and recognized the AC Transit Director and representative for Congressman John Garamendi, Harpreet Sandhu present in the audience. He reported WCCTC discussed moving forward with a call for projects, with an estimated $6 million in funds to be distributed to agencies in the service area. Some of those funds would come to the City of Pinole, potentially advancing capital projects in Pinole.

Council member Martinez-Rubin wished everyone a happy and healthy holiday. She commented she had been fortunate to be in the City and receive some of the kindness offered by the community. She reported she currently had caretaking responsibilities, which was why she was participating remotely and was doing that with a family visitor. This individual had the opportunity to walk through the City with her and she commended the kind and generous spirit of Pinole residents.

Council member Murphy wished everyone a happy holiday season and a Happy New Year. He thanked those for attending the meeting in-person and virtually.

Council member Toms reported she attended the Contra Costa Mayors Conference in Pinole and enjoyed seeing the new Mayors coming in this month from various cities. At that time, she learned about the different holiday events happening in other cities and commented that there was a food bank competition between two cities in East Contra Costa County. She later had a conversation with a Council member from the City of Hercules and she sought consideration of a similar competition with as many jurisdictions as possible in West County. She would promote that effort and was willing to lead the idea in the future. She commented when she had worked with the County prior to her retirement, there had been competitions between County departments, which had been beneficial and allowed the spreading of news in the respective communities that there were people in need.

Council member Toms also reported she too attended the Christmas tree lighting ceremony and she also liked the concept of closing the street, which had been beneficial to businesses.

Additionally, she had the opportunity to attend the Holiday Breakfast with two children ages 5 and 7 who had a great time She thanked City staff for putting together such a great event.

Council member Toms further reported she attended the East Bay Regional Communications System Authority (EBRCSA) Joint Power Authority (JPA) meeting and explained that the EBRCSA had been created following the Oakland Hills fires, where agencies from Berkely could not speak to agencies from Oakland, which had cost lives and significant property loss.

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Minutes – December 16, 2025

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Council member Toms stated she served on the EBRCSA Board, and as part of a recent meeting there had been a presentation on the required encryption on public safety police and fire, which was now complete and which meant information related to victims of crime or medical issues would be encrypted with only the necessary public agencies able to hear it. She added the radio systems from Motorola would only be maintained until 2032, and there would be a need to transition to new technology between now and then, which would be a costly issue for all jurisdictions. She wished everyone a happy holiday season.

PUBLIC COMMENTS OPENED (Items 7A through 7C)
Deputy City Clerk Roxane Stone reported there were no comments from the public.

PUBLIC COMMENTS CLOSED
D. Council Requests for Future Agenda Items
Mayor Sasai offered a motion, seconded by Council member Murphy to direct staff to return at a future City Council meeting with an analysis and recommended framework for the establishment of a Crime Prevention through Environmental Design and Façade Improvement Program for Small Businesses within the City of Pinole.

On the motion, Council member Toms asked whether the item could be coordinated with the budget season and not be out of sync with the next fiscal year budget discussion.

Mayor Sasai suggested the item come back to the City Council during the start of the budget cycle to allow an estimation of cost during budget discussions.

ACTION: Motion by Mayor Sasai/Council member Murphy to direct staff to return at a future City Council meeting with an analysis and recommended framework for the establishment of a Crime Prevention through Environmental Design and Façade Improvement Program for small businesses within the City of Pinole.

Vote: Passed 5-0
Ayes: Sasai, Tave, Martinez-Rubin, Murphy, Toms
Noes: None
Abstain: None

Absent: None
ACTION: Motion by Mayor Sasai/Council member Murphy to direct staff to bring back and review the City’s existing Procurement Policy and return to a future City Council meeting with proposed updates, clarifications and recommendations related to preference policies, including but not limited to union printing and clearly identifying which policies governed and took precedence and those competing preference procurement policies.

Vote: Passed 5-0
Ayes: Sasai, Tave, Martinez-Rubin, Murphy, Toms
Noes: None
Abstain: None

Absent: None

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Pinole City Council Regular Meeting
Minutes – December 16, 2025

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PUBLIC COMMENTS OPENED
Deputy City Clerk Stone reported there were no comments from the public.

PUBLIC COMMENTS CLOSED
E. City Manager Report / Department Staff
Acting City Manager/Police Chief Melissa Klawuhn reported a Request for Proposal (RFP) for City Manager Executive Search Consulting Services was now live on OpenGov and the submission deadline was January 9, 2026; and the City completed the Fiscal Year 2024/25 Year End Financial Audit and would issue the Annual Comprehensive Financial Report (ACFR) scheduled for presentation to the City Council on January 20, 2026. She thanked the hundreds of community members who donated to the Pinole Police Department (PPD) Toy Drive on December 11, 2025, with incredibly generous donations received before that date including from people shopping at Target who purchased additional toys. The toys were donated to Oakland Children’s Hospital. She wished everyone a happy and safe holiday season.

F. City Attorney Report
City Attorney Eric Casher wished everyone a safe and happy holiday season.

PUBLIC COMMENTS OPENED (Items 7E through 7F)
Deputy City Clerk Stone reported there were no comments from the public.

PUBLIC COMMENTS CLOSED

8. RECOGNITIONS / PRESENTATIONS / COMMNUNITY EVENTS
A. Proclamations: None
B. Presentations: None

A. Approve the Minutes of the Regular City Council Meeting on December 2, 2025 B. Receive the November 29, 2025 – December 12, 2025 List of Warrants in the Amount of $1,247,959.72 and the December 5, 2025 Payroll Amount of $628,431.84.

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Pinole City Council Regular Meeting
Minutes – December 16, 2025

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C. Adopt a Resolution to Increase Minimum Wage Rates. Action: Adopt Resolution per Staff Recommendation (Stacy Shell, Charlene Davis) D. Adopt a Resolution Authorizing, through the FY 2026/27 Budget Cycle, Budgeting to Enroll All Municipal Energy Accounts in the MCE Deep Green Option Consistent with the Climate Action and Adaptation Plan. Action: Adopt Resolution per Staff Recommendation (Lilly Whalen, Kapil Amin)
E. Adopt a Resolution Accepting $309,910 in Grant Funding from the California Department of Justice Tobacco Grant Program for FY 2025/26 and Authorizing the City Manager to Execute Required Documents. Action: Adopt Resolution per Staff Recommendation (Lilly Whalen)
F. Second Reading and Adoption of Ordinance Adding Chapter 2.68 to Title 2 of the Pinole Municipal Code Restricting the Use of City-Owned or City-Controlled Property for Federal Civil Immigration Enforcement Activities. Action: Waive the Second Reading and Adopt Ordinance (Eric Casher)
G. Approval of Second Amendment to the Consulting Services Agreement Between the City and West Yost for Additional Services Associated with the Development of the Storm Drain Master Plan (CIP Project #IN1703). Action: Adopt Resolution per Staff Recommendation (Heba El-Guindy)

PUBLIC COMMENTS OPENED
Rafael Menis speaking to Item 9F, expressed his support for the item, but suggested it was controversial enough to not be placed on the Consent Calendar. He suggested the item should have been considered as an Old Business Item. He asked the City Council to pull the item so there was a recorded Roll Call vote of each Council member.

PUBLIC COMMENTS CLOSED
Mayor Sasai pulled Item 9F for questions of staff and clarification. He entertained a motion for the remaining Consent Calendar items.

ACTION: Motion by Council member Murphy/Mayor Pro Tem Tave to approve Consent Calendar Items 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D, 9E and 9G, as shown.

Vote: Passed 5-0
Ayes: Sasai, Tave, Martinez-Rubin, Murphy, Toms
Noes: None
Abstain: None

Absent: None
For Item 9F, Mayor Sasai referenced the outreach and communication strategy around the new law. He understood there were plans for social media announcements and announcements on the City website along with signage. He asked about the cost estimates for a simple 8 x 11 singlecolored letter to residents about this new change in law.

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Minutes – December 16, 2025

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Acting City Manager/Police Chief Klawuhn reported a one-time simple mailer to residents and businesses cost approximately $10,000. She referenced the cost of the most recent mailer for Proposition 218, which had been a little over $9,000.

Communications Director Fiona Epps added the Communications Department followed a communication rubric for different types of events that were communicated to the community. A new ordinance would be considered special news since it was high impact news that was of public interest. The communication channels to be used for the new ordinance included a press release posted on the City website, posting on social media channels and Pinole Community Television (PCTV), and an announcement in The Pulse Newsletter.

Mayor Sasai thanked Ms. Epps for her work on the press release. He understood the mailers were costly and commented that one of the challenges with passing new laws and different programs was ensuring residents were informed. He understood if the community was only informed through social media, a segment of the community that lacked access or knowledge of technology may be excluded, and he suggested it would be good to discuss at some point how to get the message to the community about new things happening in the City. He encouraged the new Mayor to report out on the status of this new ordinance, and when creating signage around the new law, staff to consider uplifting the new reporting portal to ensure people had the opportunity to come forward and report any unlawful conduct.

ACTION: Motion by Council member Murphy/Mayor Sasai to approve Consent Calendar Item 9F, as shown.

Vote: Passed 5-0
Ayes: Sasai, Tave, Martinez-Rubin, Murphy, Toms
Noes: None
Abstain: None

Absent: None

10. PUBLIC HEARINGS: None

11. COUNCIL REORGANIZATION
A. Presentations to Mayor Cameron Sasai
Acting City Manager/Police Chief Klawuhn, on behalf of the City and staff, thanked Mayor Sasai for his service over the past year as Mayor. She recognized the incredible amount of time Mayor Sasai had devoted to the City in his role as Mayor. She commended his leadership, initiatives and ongoing commitment to the community at-large. She also thanked the Mayor for his open and candid conversations since she started with the City of Pinole. On behalf of City staff, she presented a gift of a gavel to the Mayor.

Mayor Sasai thanked City staff for the gift.

David Ruport, a 50-year resident of the City of Pinole, wished the City Council and staff happy holidays. He also thanked staff and the City Council for its hard work since without that hard work, Pinole would not be the City it was.

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Minutes – December 16, 2025

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Mr. Ruport particularly singled out Mayor Sasai for his great year as Mayor, and his continued efforts to move the City forward. He noted this was a dynamic period of time when things needed to move fast. He also recognized incoming Mayor Pro Tem Tave, who he hoped would continue with the same interests other Council members had proposed and work together collectively to advance the agenda to keep Pinole on the cutting edge of cities of its size in the area. He recognized the work that needed to be done, the need to possibly try something else rather than the same thing, and create more positive actions in Pinole while also considering all aspects of the community, particularly those who may be left out and who did not actively participate in City government. He hoped for a better New Year than the past year and urged residents collectively to work together. He hoped to see the City Council do a better job than the last year and in the years to come.

Vincent Salimi, former Council member/Mayor of the City of Pinole, wished everyone happy holidays and a Happy New Year. He also congratulated Mayor Sasai on the completion of his term as Mayor and thanked him for his wonderful work. He recognized Mayor Sasai had made history as the first American-Filipino elected in the City of Pinole and youngest appointed Mayor in the City of Pinole. While Mayor Sasai’s mayorship was coming to an end, he had more great years to come.

Mr. Salimi also congratulated the new Mayor, Anthony Tave, who was the first African-American Council member in Pinole, with Council member Murphy the first African-American Mayor.

Anthony Tave was also the only Council member yet to serve as Mayor, but was one of the most experienced Council members on the current Council. He thanked the Tave Family for their support of Mr. Tave every step of the way and commented that public service was impossible without family support. He again congratulated outgoing Mayor Sasai, incoming Mayor Tave and incoming Mayor Pro Tem Murphy.

Rafael Menis thanked Mayor Sasai for his work as Mayor and the new perspectives he had provided more than any other prior Mayor due to his youth, energy and events chosen to highlight, such as the Filipino-American History event Mayor Sasai helped to coordinate at the Senior Center in October 2025. He understood Mayor Sasai’s primary focus as Mayor was to create a more efficient City, which had been accomplished by his being fair to speakers, more inclusive and with more than just a place. Mayor Sasai’s personal drive and energy made that happen and the personal sacrifices he had made over the past year while also graduating from college and building a new career, was recognized and appreciated. He thanked Mayor Sasai and congratulated him for his work as Mayor over the past year.

Irma Ruport, a 50-year resident, found Mayor Sasai to be one of the best Mayors for the City of Pinole. When she had first met Cameron Sasai, she had initially been shocked at his age and lack of political experience, but found he had courage in his heart, and had found that Mayor Sasai had been the best for the people; he never wavered to the people and the taxpayer. He was young, talented and she saw a big future for him. She thanked Mayor Sasai for his patience, emphasized he had been everything she expected him to be, believed in him and was confident he would go far in the future. She also thanked the City Council and wished everyone a happy and safe holiday.

PUBLIC COMMENTS CLOSED

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Council member Murphy found Mayor Sasai to be admirable and he had learned a lot about patience, discipline and detailed orientation working with the Mayor, which was truly an honor, and which was valuable, particularly given the City had been challenged as a local agency on so many issues, with challenges in partnership with state and federal agencies. Through the Mayor’s leadership on the City Council, he had moved the City forward multiple decades. He noted that Mayor Sasai was the youngest Mayor in City of Pinole, which was important since young people were the future and had critical responsibility on different issues dealing with public safety, climate resiliency and health care. Having walked the City with the Mayor and having attended many events and travels, he knew the Mayor held much respect for the City and suggested the people held respect for the City due to the Mayor’s leadership. He was grateful for the Mayor’s leadership which said so much about who he was and what Pinole was about. The Mayor also grew up in Pinole and he again congratulated the Mayor and hoped he would spend time this holiday season in gratitude to himself and his mother who he knew the Mayor highly respected.

Mayor Pro Tem Tave recognized the pace of the City Council was set after Mayor Sasai’s leadership. He suggested the Mayor was a man of principle and was determined, which struck him as a positive quality adding to his leadership to citizens, the City and the City Council. As a man of principle, the Mayor was someone with a strong moral compass, who consistently acted with integrity, honesty, fairness, and respect and adhered to a personal code of ethics even when difficult and inconvenient. He also recognized Mayor Sasai had not compromised his beliefs and personal plan, which added stabilization to the City Council when it had discussions. He commended that amount of reliability and consistency in a man of his young years and he could not wait to see what Mayor Sasai did next and what he brought to the table for the City in the future.

Council member Toms congratulated Mayor Sasai on a good year leading the City Council. She acknowledged his leadership in bringing new initiatives forward while also juggling his other commitments. She suggested Mayor Sasai should be proud and she looked forward to working with Mayor Sasai as a regular Council member in the coming year, and looked forward to the Council rotation since everyone had a different style.

B. Remarks by Mayor Sasai
Mayor Sasai stated it had been an honor to serve the City of Pinole, be a member of the Pinole City Council and serve as Mayor. Having grown up in the City of Pinole, he never thought one day he would be the Mayor of the City given he had been incredibly shy and introverted, but he had pushed himself to act on the things that mattered to him. Investing in the community and reinvesting some of his success back into the community was important to him when he ran for office. He thanked Pinole residents for their support, his colleagues for their trust, and his brother Kyle Sasai for swearing him into office and offering his support during his tenure as Mayor. His parents were also present and he expressed his appreciation for his family’s ongoing support.

Mayor Sasai referred to the required commitment to the office of Mayor, noted he had moments of being fatigued, and stated his family had been a support every step of the way. He again thanked his family and emphasized he could not have gotten through the year without them. He also thanked his sister in-law Liz for her support. Being the first Filipino-American, second of Asian-American Pacific Islander (AAIP) descent and the youngest to hold the office of Mayor, he emphasized it had been an honor to serve.

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Mayor Sasai was content with the work he had done with the City Council and the community, suggested the Council had been responsive and led the way, and ensured keeping the most vulnerable residents at the forefront of the conversation to ensure the City’s policies, programs and laws. He thanked the City Council for its great discussions and ensuring it do the work for the residents of Pinole, and while he was unable to get everything he wanted to do done, he stated some solid work had been achieved.

Mayor Sasai also recognized Mayor Pro Tem Tave as the new Mayor and an outstanding thought partner over the year who brought an incredible amount of talent to the City Council with his background in civil engineering and who had experience when discussing infrastructure and road repairs. He also recognized Council member Murphy as the next Mayor Pro Tem and thanked him for breaking down barriers. He hoped to follow in his footsteps in that way and break more barriers. He also found Council member Murphy to be a great thought partner, the second official he had met in his life, and someone who helped him to evolve and get better in the job based on Council member Murphy’s knowledge and strong partnership. He wished everyone a great 2026.

C. Selection of Mayor and Mayor Pro Tem
Deputy City Clerk Stone presented the staff report dated December 16, 2025. She recommended the City Council approve a resolution appointing Anthony Tave as Mayor and Devin T. Murphy as the Mayor Pro Tem, pursuant to the current Mayoral Rotation List.

PUBLIC COMMENTS OPENED
City Clerk Bell-Spears reported there were no comments from the public.

PUBLIC COMMENTS CLOSED
ACTION: Motion by Council member Toms/Mayor Sasai to adopt a resolution appointing Anthony Tave as Mayor and Devin T. Murphy as Mayor Pro Tem, pursuant to the current Mayoral Rotation List.

Vote: Passed 5-0
Ayes: Sasai, Tave, Martinez-Rubin, Murphy, Toms
Noes: None
Abstain: None

Absent: None
D. Administer Oaths to Mayor and Mayor Pro Tem
City Clerk Bell-Spears introduced special guests to administer the Oaths of Office for the Mayor and Mayor Pro Tem.

Contra Costa County District Attorney Diana Becton administered the Oath of Office to incoming Mayor Pro Tem, Devin T. Murphy. She also expressed her appreciation to outgoing Mayor Sasai and welcomed incoming Mayor Tave. She congratulated incoming Mayor Pro Tem Murphy who she commented was accepting more than a title in that he was accepting trust at a time when people wanted to see government that listened, had integrity, delivered to everyday residents and where a willingness to serve mattered.

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On behalf of the Contra Costa County District Attorney’s Office, District Attorney Becton thanked the Mayor Pro Tem for stepping into the role and encouraged him to lead with courage, humility and a steady commitment to the public good.

Former Acting U.S. Labor Secretary Julie Su highlighted her background as part of the Biden Administration and her promise to deliver on infrastructure, clean energy and to partner with cities.

She had first-hand experience that good mayors made all of the difference and stated the City of Pinole was lucky to swear in one of the best. She had met current Mayor Pro Tem Tave years ago and stated he worked to make life better through his service on the City Council and the prioritization of investments in infrastructure, parks and housing, he had a background in civil engineering and ensured projects that started got done and that the workers who developed projects in the City were treated with dignity, respect and there was consideration of Project Labor Agreements (PLAs) to ensure projects were completed on time, on task and on budget while also creating good union jobs.

Ms. Su acknowledged the current environment of distrust of the government, with some electeds who did not always put people first or act like the rules did not apply to them. She stated people deserved electeds who could be looked up to and be trusted and a Mayor Tave administration would do just that. Current Mayor Pro Tem Tave was also a family man and had family members across the state who were tuned in and watching the live stream of the City Council meeting and he was someone who would do the right thing when no one was watching, who would build an inclusive City where everyone belonged, and was valued and ensured that no one in Pinole would have to worry who came first.

At this time, Ms. Su administered the Oath of Office to Anthony Tave for the office of Mayor of the City of Pinole.

E. Transfer of Gavel and Comments by the New Mayor
At this time, the transfer of gavel was performed with the new Mayor and Mayor Pro Tem taking their new positions.

Mayor Tave Chaired the meeting at this time.

Mayor Tave thanked Ms. Su for being present. He commented that she had been a true champion of the American people and a personal inspiration given her ability to always put people first in her decision making and offered the kind of leadership that inspired him to do the work and keep serving the community. He also recognized the elected officials present in the audience and his fellow Council colleagues, Harpreet Sandhu, a member of the AC Transit Board, District Attorney Becton and former City of Pinole Mayor Salimi.

Mayor Tave commented that infrastructure was about safety and building opportunities and providing quality of life, ensuring streets were safe for everyone, utilities reliable and public spaces served every resident now and for generations to come. By prioritizing infrastructure, the City would be investing in a long-term strategy, supporting local businesses, creating good jobs and building a City that worked for everyone. He thanked the residents of Pinole for trusting him and electing him in 2018 and in 2022, which faith and support he did not take lightly. He was committed to listening and leading with integrity and working every day to serve the community with care and accountability.

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Mayor Tave thanked his friends and family for their unwavering support and guidance and stated he was deeply grateful and looked forward to the next year. He also appreciated the community coming out and emphasized the most powerful position was the podium in the Council Chambers when the public communicated with the City Council. He encouraged members of the public to use it and let the City Council know what was going on in the community.

PUBLIC COMMENTS OPENED
Harpreet Sandhu was present on behalf of Congressman John Garamendi. He offered his congratulations to newly-elected Mayor Tave and Mayor Pro Tem Murphy. He also congratulated and thanked former Mayor Sasai for his leadership and commitment to the City of Pinole, and he recognized his dedication, experience and leadership that extended outside of the region, county and state. He also expressed his appreciation to new Mayor Pro Tem Murphy for his dedication and commitment. He recognized that Mayor Tave brought a lot of experience and served on other boards and Commissions. He also recognized the families of the electeds, and recognized the time taken away from families that electeds gave to the citizenry. He added that Congressman Garamendi was here to help the City Council and the residents. He sincerely thanked the entire City Council for its dedication to the community.

PUBLIC COMMENTS CLOSED
Mayor Tave declared a recess at 8:19 p.m. to allow for a brief reception in the foyer of the Council Chambers. The City Council meeting reconvened at 8:54 p.m. with all Council members present in-person and remotely.

12. OLD BUSINESS: None

13. NEW BUSINESS
A. Nominate Council Members to Serve on Boards and Subcommittees. Action:

Discuss and Provide Direction (Heather Bell-Spears)
City Clerk Bell-Spears presented the staff report dated December 16, 2025. She recommended the City Council nominate Council members to serve as City representatives on specific boards and subcommittees in 2026. The City Council would have the opportunity to approve the nominations at the next City Council meeting on January 20, 2026.

The following Board and Subcommittee Appointments were discussed and offered for 2026:

Joint Powers Authorities and other Interagency Regulatory Bodies of which the City is a Member Delegate/Primary Alternate
Association of Bay Area Murphy Martinez-Rubin
Governments (ABAG)
*Correction: General Assembly Conference to meet on Thursday June 18, 2026 from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

Green Empowerment Zone Murphy Toms
Board of Directors

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Marin Clean Energy (MCE) Murphy Sasai
Council member Martinez-Rubin offered a motion seconded by Council member Toms to retain the same Council members for Marin Clean Energy (MCE) for continuity purposes.

On the motion, Council member Sasai expressed the willingness to serve as the Alternate or Delegate but at the least he asked to be appointed as the Alternate.

Council member Murphy desired to be retained as the Delegate to MCE.

ACTION: Motion by Council members Martinez-Rubin/Toms to retain the same Council members for Marin Clean Energy (MCE) for continuity purposes.

Vote: Failed 2-3
Ayes: Martinez-Rubin, Toms
Noes: Tave, Murphy, Sasai
Abstain: None

Absent: None
ACTION: Motion by Mayor Pro Tem Murphy/Council member Sasai to appoint Mayor Pro Tem Murphy as the Delegate and Council member Sasai as the Alternate for Marin Clean Energy (MCE).

Vote: Passed 3-2
Ayes: Tave, Murphy, Sasai
Noes: Martinez-Rubin, Toms
Abstain: None

Absent: None
Pinole/Hercules Wastewater Murphy/Martinez-Rubin Toms
Subcommittee
West Contra Costa Integrated Waste Murphy Tave
Management Authority
(WCCIWMA, “RecycleMore”)
West Contra Costa Transportation Sasai Toms
Commission (WCCTC)
Council member Toms stated she was interested in serving as the Delegate or the Alternate to the West Contra Costa Transportation Commission (WCCTC) to ensure the City of Pinole was represented at the meetings.

Mayor Tave reported he would be stepping down from WCCTC and suggested Council member Toms serve as the Alternate.

Western Contra Costa Transit Sasai/Martinez-Rubin Murphy Authority (“WestCAT”)

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Council member Sasai offered a motion, seconded by Mayor Pro Tem Murphy to appoint Council member Sasai and Mayor Pro Tem Murphy as the Delegates and Council member MartinezRubin as the Alternate to the Western Contra Costa Transit Authority (“WestCAT”).

On the motion, Council member Toms commented due to the schedule of meetings for some of the groups, there may be a conflict for a Delegate to be named to two committees that met at the same time and same day of the month.

Council member Martinez-Rubin agreed it did not make sense for a Council member to be appointed as a Delegate for a Board or Commission that met at the same time and the same day of the month and as such one could not be two places at the same time. She reported she had been nominated to serve as the Board Vice-Chair on a night when other Council members from Pinole were not available, which meant she could serve on the WestCAT Finance Committee, which had yet to meet at the beginning of the year. She emphasized the importance of continuity, which should be respected.

ACTION: Motion by Council member Sasai/Mayor Pro Tem Murphy to appoint Council member Sasai and Mayor Pro Tem Murphy as the Delegates and Council member MartinezRubin as the Alternate to the Western Contra Costa Transit Authority (“WestCAT”).

Vote: Failed 2-3
Ayes: Murphy, Sasai
Noes: Tave, Martinez-Rubin, Toms
Abstain: None

Absent: None
ACTION: Motion by Council members Toms/Martinez-Rubin to appoint Council members Sasai and Martinez-Rubin as the Delegates and Mayor Pro Tem Murphy as the Alternate to the Western Contra Costa Transit Authority (“WestCAT”).

Vote: Passed 5-0
Ayes: Tave, Murphy, Martinez-Rubin, Sasai, Toms
Noes: None
Abstain: None

Absent: None
Voluntary Interagency Collaboration Bodies of which the City is a Member Bayfront Chamber of Commerce Toms
Contra Costa Mayors Conference Tave Murphy
East Bay Division League of Tave Murphy
California Cities
*Meeting dates to be updated for 2026
East Bay Wildfire Council of Governments Toms Tave
Joint Powers Authority (JPA)
*Meetings held every other Wednesday
with a 2026 calendar to be provided to staff

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West County Mayors and Tave Murphy
Supervisors Association
Subcommittees of the Pinole City Council
Finance Subcommittee Mayor, Mayor Pro Tem & City Treasurer Committee on Memorials Sasai/Murphy
Planning Commission Interview Ad-Hoc Toms/Martinez-Rubin Subcommittee
TAPS & Community Services Commission Tave/Martinez-Rubin Interview Ad-Hoc Subcommittee
Ad Hoc Downtown Pedestrian Improvements
Subcommittee
*To be removed from the list and possibly brought back at a later date Public Works Director Heba El-Guindy was happy to support the Ad Hoc Downtown Pedestrian Improvements Subcommittee but reported an advisory committee would be set up as part of the San Pablo Avenue Bicycle Pedestrian Gap Closure Study led by the County, funded by Safe Routes to Transit and Bay Trail Grant funds, with a local match from the County and City. RFPs had recently been received and staff expected the results from the RFPs in the next week or so.

As soon as the advisory committee was established, the City Council would be asked to consider appointing Council members to the advisory committee. She planned to eliminate the Ad Hoc Downtown Pedestrian Improvements Subcommittee since the study would include data collection, analyses and recommendations based on that rather than separate recommendations.

The study would include the downtown area extending from the Pinole-Hercules City limits to the northern limits and the Richmond Parkway to the south and include some unincorporated areas.

Whether the name of the Ad Hoc Downtown Pedestrian Improvements Subcommittee should be changed to serve that purpose, and in response to Council member Toms, City Clerk Bell-Spears supported that recommendation. An option would be if the City Council wanted to bring back a more specific subcommittee in line with the work being done. It was clarified the scope for the Ad Hoc Downtown Pedestrian Improvements Subcommittee would be limited to six months and if it needed to come back, the Public Works Director could always do that and redefine the scope.

Council member Sasai recalled when the Ad Hoc Downtown Pedestrian Improvements Subcommittee had been established its purpose was to discuss a pilot program about prohibiting right-hand turns on reds at the intersection of San Pablo and Tennent Avenues. He asked staff to provide clarification.

Council member Martinez-Rubin recalled something entirely different.

Public Works Director El-Guindy commented there were three recommendations including:
enhancement of pedestrian crossing, with staff proceeding with that recommendation; prohibiting right turns on red at all signalized intersections which would have an effect on traffic operations in the corridor; and prohibiting right turns for all traffic, with the exception of buses from San Pablo Avenue onto Tennent Avenue, which would impact all of the circulation in the area and the reason she was suggesting it would be based on the analyses to be carried out as part of a study by the County and the City.

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Mayor Tave recommended the Ad Hoc Downtown Pedestrian Improvements Subcommittee be removed from the list and brought back at a later date.

City Council Procedures Martinez-Rubin/Murphy
Subcommittee
Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) Toms/Murphy
Subcommittee
City Clerk Bell advised the Council assignment list would be cleaned up with the revisions to be brought back on the Consent Calendar for final approval at the January 20, 2026 City Council meeting. Any updates on meeting times and dates would also be incorporated into the revised list.

Mayor Pro Tem Murphy looked forward to ensuring updated information was provided on meeting dates and times. He pointed out the City spent money to join the Bay Front Chamber of Commerce, but meetings were not being held on a regular basis.

City Clerk Bell-Spears suggested this was a good opportunity to send out an updated list for staff members and ask for any updates in terms of schedules that could be provided to the City Council.

PUBLIC COMMENTS OPENED
City Clerk Bell-Spears reported there were no comments from the public.

PUBLIC COMMENTS CLOSED

14. CITIZENS TO BE HEARD (Continued from Item 6) (Public Comments) Only open to members of the public who did not speak under the first Citizens to be Heard, Agenda Item 6.

Citizens may speak under any item not listed on the Agenda. The time limit is 3 minutes and is subject to modification by the Mayor. Individuals may not share or offer time to another speaker.

Rafael Menis reported the overall rate of COVID-19 continued to be very low pursuant to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) wastewater surveillance, although there was a slight increase based on recent measurements. He encouraged everyone to get vaccinated, or boosted, and get the flu shot if they had not already and take the usual precautions. He also highlighted the number of religious traditions observed this time of year and reminded everyone as they faced challenges and darkness locally, regionally, nationally and globally, even after the darkest days and challenges faced, there was still light, hope and life that would come in the future, and people should remember that and hold on to it. No matter what one believed, or even if someone did not believe in anything in particular, it was important to remember the spirit of the holiday season and try to hold on to it, with hope and unity that brings one out of the darkest time of the year and into the light of the new year. He wished everyone happy holidays and New Year.

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Anthony Vossbrink, explained he was speaking on behalf of many residents in the City of Pinole who had raised concerns on multiple occasions about tree issues in the City that needed to be addressed. He also asked for an update on the status of the Pinole Police Department (PPD) labor contract given the PPD had been out of contract for four to five months, with no report out from the Mayor or the City Council. He emphasized that public health and safety and quality of life was very important to many residents. He also asked to revisit a request that had been made several times for hardened security around the Bay Front Park. He recommended the addition of security lights in the parking lot given it was one of the most frequently visited recreation areas in the City and at night the park was very dark and the area unsafe. He referenced a recent incident where a husband and wife had been brutally attacked in the immediate area. Lighting was needed in the park and the Mayor had only offered excuses that some residents didn’t like lights or wildlife may be affected. There were no residences in the area, and plenty of lights in the area of the Corporation Yard and he suggested lights could be added and situated in a way where they would not be a nuisance to others.

Darrell Donnelly, acknowledged the appointment of Anthony Tave as Mayor. He was a fellow colleague and fraternity member, and he congratulated Mayor Tave on his appointment as Mayor, wished the City Council a successful transition as it worked to build and make the City better and wished everyone a safe and happy holiday.

Mayor Tave wished everyone happy holidays.

15. ADJOURNMENT to the Regular City Council Meeting of January 20, 2026 in Remembrance of Amber Swartz.

At 9:36 p.m., Mayor Sasai adjourned the meeting to the Regular City Council Meeting of January 20, 2026 in Remembrance of Amber Swartz.

Submitted by:
_________________________________
Heather Bell, CMC
City Clerk
Approved by City Council:

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CITY COUNCIL MEETING

MINUTES
January 13, 2026

1. CALL TO ORDER & PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE IN HONOR OF THE US MILITARY TROOPS
The City Council Meeting was held in a hybrid format (in-person and via Zoom videoconference and broadcast) from the Pinole Council Chambers, 2131 Pear Street, Pinole, California. Mayor Tave called the Special Meeting of the City Council to order at 5:00 p.m. and led the Pledge of Allegiance.

Code § 87105.

A. COUNCILMEMBERS PRESENT
Anthony Tave, Mayor
Devin Murphy, Mayor Pro Tem
Norma Martinez-Rubin, Council Member*
Cameron Sasai, Council Member
Maureen Toms, Council Member
*Attending Remotely
B. STAFF PRESENT
Melissa Klawuhn, Acting City Manager/Police Chief
Roxane Stone, Deputy City Clerk
Eric Casher, City Attorney
Heba El-Guindy, Public Works Director
Deputy City Clerk Roxane Stone announced the agenda had been posted on January 9, 2026 at 11:05 a.m. with all legally required written notices. No written comments had been received in advance of the meeting.

Following an inquiry, the Council reported there were no conflicts with any items on the agenda.

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Mayor Tave reported Item 4 would be taken out of order and considered upon the conclusion of the meeting agenda following Item 12. Citizens to be Heard.

A. CONFERENCE WITH LABOR NEGOTIATORS
Gov. Code § 54957.6
Agency designated representatives: Human Resources Director Stacy Shell, Finance Director Markisha Guillory and Gregory Ramirez, IEDA Employee organizations: The Pinole Police Employees Association (PPEA) B. CONFERENCE WITH LABOR NEGOTIATORS
Gov. Code § 54957.6
Title: Acting City Manager
C. CONFERENCE WITH LABOR NEGOTIATORS
Gov. Code § 54957.6
Title: Interim City Manager

PUBLIC COMMENTS OPENED
Deputy City Clerk Stone reported there were no comments from the public.

PUBLIC COMMENTS CLOSED

5. RECONVENE IN OPEN SESSION TO ANNOUNCE RESULTS OF CLOSED SESSION:

None

Deputy City Clerk Stone reported there were no comments from the public.

7. RECOGNITIONS / PRESENTATIONS / COMMUNITY EVENTS
A. Proclamations

1. Honoring Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

The City Council read into the record a proclamation honoring Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and proclaimed January 19, 2026 as the Martin Luther King Jr. holiday.

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2. National Day of Racial Healing
The City Council read into the record a proclamation recognizing January 20, 2026 as National Day of Racial Healing.

3. Holocaust Remembrance Day
The City Council read into the record a proclamation recognizing January 27, 2026 as Holocaust Remembrance Day.

Mayor Tave thanked the City Council and staff for the well written proclamations and urged people to celebrate and share in the remembrances.

B. Presentations

1. Republic Services: Post Collection Agreement and 2026 Rates by Executive Director, Cliff Feldman
Public Works Director Heba El-Guindy introduced Cliff Feldman, Executive Director and Reka Abraham, Deputy Executive Director & Regulatory Manager for the West Contra Costa Integrated Waste Management Authority (WCCIWMA), also known as RecycleMore.

Cliff Feldman, Executive Director, WCCIWMA provided a PowerPoint presentation on the Post Collection Agreement (PCA) with Republic Services and 2026 Rates, which included an overview of the PCA for disposal and recycling processing services with Republic Services for a 15-year term, and the Residential and Commercial Collection Services with Republic Services for a 15- year term; the background of the PCA and the RecycleMore Joint Powers Authority (JPA), which managed the PCA and included member agencies comprised of the cities of Pinole, Hercules, Richmond, El Cerrito, San Pablo and unincorporated Contra Costa County. The PCA terms and conditions and scope of services, value-added provisions, Material and Specific Cost Adjustment Schedule, Blended per Ton Rates, 2026 PCA Rate Setting, 2026 Rate Impact – Residential and Commercial customers and rates comparison were all highlighted.

Responding to questions from the City Council, Mr. Feldman clarified the following:
• The blended per ton rate was applied to every ton of material the same, whether it was a ton of compost or disposal in the black bin, with the cost the same and the same for recycling. Regardless of the tonnage, the blended per ton rate paid for all of the material delivered to the facility by the collection company. (Toms) • A public notice requirement related to rate increases consistent with the provisions of Proposition 218 had been provided to the community but the PCA was managed by RecycleMore and did not require sending out notices to each individual resident. The PCA was precluded from the Proposition 218 process. (Toms)
• Because it was not a service being provided directly to residents, but a component on the collection side, the PCA was precluded from the Proposition 218 notice requirement. (Mayor Tave)

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• Highlighted again the Material and Specific Cost Adjustment Schedule. Clarified cost increases related to the PCA had been contained in Slide 6 and clarified the second footnote as shown, which read: the contractor shall be entitled to a one-time compensation adjustment providing the amount of revenue associated with the Consumer Pirce Index (PCI) performance applied to one specific year of the PCA, Year 7 in 2032. A one-time cost adjustment that would not compound. (Martinez-Rubin)

PUBLIC COMMENTS OPENED
Rafael Menis referenced Slide 6 of the PowerPoint presentation, the Material and Specific Cost Adjustment Schedule, and commented based on Table 1 that it appeared that the cost adjustment schedule would be shifted to a fixed-rate increase to a percentile rate increase based on the CPI.

He was unclear whether that would be strictly related to CPI or whether there was a cap. If the CPI was 6 percent, the increase could only be 5 percent, but if the CPI was two percent, it could still be 5 percent. He also commented it appeared that the allowable percent increase itself, increased over time, and he was curious as to the reasoning for that adjustment, specifically the increase each year from 2031 to 2034. He would have expected that the percentile increase by default would be accounting for inflation, which tied back to his first question. He sought clarification as to why the allowable percentage increase, increased over the lifetime of the schedule.

Mr. Feldman clarified the percentages represented were the caps placed on the applicable CPI for each year. The reason why the percentages went up from 5, 6, 7 and 8 percent was what had been negotiated between the JPA and Republic Services. The rationale the company had for increasing its rate from $98 per ton to $144 per ton, a significant increase, was due to the ending years of the prior agreement where Republic Services’ costs far surpassed the inflationary adjustment afforded them in the prior agreement. Republic Services had not wanted to have another contract where they were not getting their cost adjustments related to inflation in the later years of the agreement. The schedule had been negotiated with Republic Services with the primary goal of keeping rates down for the ensuing five or six years of the agreement given significant increases that had been imposed on ratepayers in the recent year and a half.

PUBLIC COMMENTS CLOSED
Council member Murphy thanked Mr. Feldman for the presentation. He acknowledged and appreciated the fact Mr. Feldman had started with RecycleMore in July 2025, and he commended him on his leadership for this endeavor. He thanked Mr. Feldman for discussing the PCA with the City Council, with the PCA’s continued support of many programs including hazardous waste, continued school tours and public education. He understood much of RecycleMore’s work was about Senate Bill (SB) 1383, but the additional services through the PCA were critical and he wanted to thank RecycleMore and ensure ratepayers that while funds were directed towards the larger SB 1383 programs, they also supported educational and public education programs.

Council member Murphy also recognized that even with the increases, the City of Pinole’s 35- gallon cart rate remained within the countywide median and was lower than the cities of El Cerrito and Richmond and was comparable to West County. He added this context mattered in that residents deserved to know how the City of Pinole compared regionally.

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Minutes – January 13, 2026

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Council member Murphy stated the City Council’s role within RecycleMore was to ensure the PCA, while long-term, had rate predictability and the responsibility of ensuring Republic Services met its required standards. He also wanted to see SB 1383 funded at the state level and recognized the work being done at the local level. He was pleased to see the public facing reports from RecycleMore around diversion rates, contamination levels and projected versus actual operating costs and requested that RecycleMore continue to provide that information, continue the partnership with City staff and educate the City Council and staff about the numbers, statistics and process.

Council member Murphy also thanked Mayor Tave for serving as the RecycleMore Chair in the past and his work to have the tough conversations. He commended the Mayor for his leadership on the RecycleMore Board of Directors.

Mayor Tave thanked Mr. Feldman for the presentation.

8. CONSENT CALENDAR
All matters under the Consent Calendar are considered to be routine and noncontroversial. These items will be enacted by one motion and without discussion. If, however, any interested party or Council member(s) wishes to comment on an item, they may do so before action is taken on the Consent Calendar. Following comments, if a Council member wishes to discuss an item, it will be removed from the Consent Calendar and taken up in order after adoption of the Consent Calendar.

A. Adopt a Resolution Approving the Engineer’s Report, Declaring Intent to Form Appian Village Residential Lighting Assessment District and Levy and Collect Assessments for Fiscal Year 2026-27, and Setting January 20, 2026 as the Date for the Public Hearing. Action: Adopt Resolution per Staff Recommendation (Lilly Whalen, David Hanham)

PUBLIC COMMENTS OPENED
Deputy City Clerk Stone reported there were no comments from the public.

PUBLIC COMMENTS CLOSED
ACTION: Motion by Council members Toms/Sasai to approve Consent Calendar Item A, as shown.

Vote: Passed 5-0
Ayes: Tave, Murphy, Martinez-Rubin, Sasai, Toms
Noes: None
Abstain: None

Absent: None

9. PUBLIC HEARINGS: None

10. OLD BUSINESS: None

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Pinole City Council Special Meeting
Minutes – January 13, 2026

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11. NEW BUSINESS: None

12. CITIZENS TO BE HEARD (Continued from Item 6) (Public Comments) Only open to members of the public who did not speak under the first Citizens to be Heard, Agenda Item 6.

Citizens may speak under any item not listed on the Agenda. The time limit is 3 minutes and is subject to modification by the Mayor. Individuals may not share or offer time to another speaker.

Rafael Menis reported the rate of COVID-19 in Contra Costa County based on recent wastewater data appeared to be low in contrast to other parts of the country, which increased sharply but he encouraged people to get vaccinated and get booster shots. He was unsure why the region had a lower rate than the country as a whole and was uncertain how long it would last but more information was available at www.cdc.gov/nwss. He added there was one outlier, and it could be a data collection error, with one site in Alameda County, which had a very high activity level noted with the first sample collected in November 2025. It was possible there was an issue with the data collection since every site in Contra Costa, Santa Clara, Alameda and San Francisco Counties had low levels.

Mr. Menis asked that the meeting adjourn in memory of Renee Good, killed by an Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agent in the State of Minnesota.

Mayor Tave reiterated the City Council would adjourn to Closed Session Item 4 at this time.

13. ADJOURN to Closed Sesson and to a Regular City Council Meeting of January 20, 2026 in Remembrance of Amber Swartz.

At 5:42 p.m., Mayor Tave adjourned to Closed Session and to a Regular City Council Meeting on January 20, 2026 in Remembrance of Amber Swartz.

Submitted by:
_________________________________
Roxane Stone, CMC
Deputy City Clerk
Approved by City Council:

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CITY COUNCIL
REPORT 9.C.

DATE: JANUARY 20, 2026
TO: MAYOR AND COUNCIL MEMBERS
FROM: Roxane Stone, Deputy City Clerk, [email protected] SUBJECT: 2026 REGULAR CITY COUNCIL MEETING SCHEDULE

RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that the City Council approve the 2026 schedule of regular City Council meetings by minute order.

BACKGROUND
Chapter 2.12.010 of the Pinole Municipal Code establishes the regular meeting schedule of the City Council to be the first and third Tuesdays of every month at 5:00 p.m.

Staff has prepared a meeting schedule that identifies 2026 regular meeting dates, reflects report deadlines as an internal tool for staff and proposes meeting cancellations.

Staff is seeking Council’s review and approval of the schedule.

REVIEW AND ANALYSIS
It is common practice amongst cities to cancel one or several meetings each year to provide an opportunity for a recess for staff and Council.

In reviewing the calendar for 2026 and regular meeting dates, staff identified three meeting dates that we suggest cancellation for the reasons outlined below and reflected in the schedule included as Attachment A.

August 4 Summer Recess
August 18 Summer Recess
October 6 National Night Out (City-wide, city-sponsored event by the Police Department) *The January 6th meeting was canceled due to the December 2025 holiday closure, per usual practice.*

FISCAL IMPACT
None

ATTACHMENTS
A. DRAFT 2026 Regular Council Meeting Schedule

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2026 Regular Council Meeting Schedule
January 6 July 7
Meeting Cancelled Item Entry Deadline - June 9

January 20
Item Entry Deadline - December 23 July 21
Item Entry Deadline - June 23

February 3
Item Entry Deadline - January 6 August 4
Tentative Cancellation

February 17 August 18
Item Entry Deadline - January 20 Tentative Cancellation

March 3 September 1
Item Entry Deadline - February 3 Item Entry Deadline - August 4

March 17 September 15
Item Entry Deadline - February 17 Item Entry Deadline - August 18 April 7 October 6
Item Entry Deadline - March 10 Meeting Cancelled

October 20
April 21 Item Entry Deadline - September 22
Item Entry Deadline - March 24
November 3
May 5 Item Entry Deadline - October 6
Item Entry Deadline - April 7
November 17
May 19 Item Entry Deadline - October 20
Item Entry Deadline - April 21
December 1- Council Reorganization
June 2 Item Entry Deadline - November 3
Item Entry Deadline - May 5
June 16 December 15
Item Entry Deadline - May 19 Item Entry Deadline- November 17

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CITY COUNCIL
REPORT 9.D.

DATE: JANUARY 20, 2026
TO: MAYOR AND COUNCIL MEMBERS
FROM: Roxane Stone, Deputy City Clerk, [email protected] SUBJECT: APPROVE THE 2026 COUNCIL COMMITTEE ASSIGNMENT LIST

RECOMMENDATION
It is recommended that the City Council adopt a resolution approving the 2026 Council Committee Assignment List.

BACKGROUND
At the December 16, 2025 City Council meeting, Council reviewed and amended a draft 2026 Council Committee Assignment List created by staff based on the standard mayoral succession and 2025 assignments.

REVIEW AND ANALYSIS
Attached is the 2026 Council Committee Assignment List that reflects Council’s direction from the December 16, 2025, meeting.

All appointments on this list are subject to Council discretion, including appointments to ad-hoc committees that are approved during the year. Staff will disseminate the 2026 list to the Council and to the respective boards and outside agencies. Council assignments are also uploaded to the City Council webpage.

FISCAL IMPACT
None

ATTACHMENTS
A. Resolution
B. 2026 Council Assignments

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RESOLUTION 2026 - XX

RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF PINOLE, CALIFORNIA,
APPROVING THE 2026 PINOLE CITY COUNCIL COMMITTEE APPOINTMENT LIST WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Pinole has established various Ad-Hoc Committees designed to aid the City Council in the conduct of the public’s business; and WHEREAS, in addition, the City of Pinole has representation on various county, local, regional Boards and Committees as a means of furthering the City’s interests; and
WHEREAS, representation on various regional board and committees require attendance by the Mayor and Mayor Pro Tem; and
WHEREAS, designated City Council representatives appointed to the various boards, commissions and committees serve for one-year terms expiring in December of each year (except as otherwise noted in Exhibit A) following the reorganization of the new City Council; and
WHEREAS, on December 16, 2025, the City Council reviewed and recommended changes to the Committee Appointment list and directed staff to bring the item back on January 20, 2026, for approval.

NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Pinole does hereby approve the 2026 Council Committee Appointment List, hereunto attached as Exhibit A.

PASSED AND ADOPTED this 20th day of January 2026, by the following vote:

AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

NOES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBERS:

I hereby certify that the foregoing resolution was introduced, passed and adopted on this 20th day of January 2026.
____________________________
Roxane Stone, CMC
Deputy City Clerk

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1 2026 COUNCIL ASSIGNMENTS

JOINT POWERS AUTHORITIES AND OTHER INTERAGENCY REGULATORY BODIES OF WHICH

THE CITY IS A MEMBER

1. ASSOCIATION OF BAY AREA (ABAG)
Meetings: General Assembly Conference: June 18, 2026, 9:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m.

General Assembly Business Meeting: June 18, 2026, 10:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.

Location: Bay Area Metro Center, 375 Beale Street, San Francisco Contact: Fred Castro, Clerk of the Board, Ph: (415) 820-7913, Email: [email protected]
Delegate: Murphy Alternate: Martinez-Rubin

2. GREEN EMPOWERMENT ZONE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Meetings: Every Other Month Meetings - 3rd Friday at 9:30 a.m.

Location: 1025 Escobar St., Room 110A/B/C, Martinez
Contact: Alyson Greenlee, Economic Development Director, Ph: (925) 655-2783, Email: [email protected]
Delegate: Murphy Alternate: Toms
Created: October 15, 2024

3. MCE CLEAN ENERGY
Meetings: Monthly Meetings - 3rd Thursday at 6:30 p.m.

Location: Rotational locations
Contact: Jesica Brooks, Lead Clerk/Executive Assistant, Ph: (888) 632-3674 Email: [email protected]
Delegate: Murphy Alternate: Sasai

4. PINOLE / HERCULES WASTEWATER SUBCOMMITTEE
Meetings: Quarterly Meetings – 3rd Thursday at 7:00 p.m.

Contact: Pinole Public Works Director, Heba El-Guindy, Ph: (510) 954-3495, Email: [email protected]
Location: Pinole Council Chambers, 2131 Pear Street, Pinole Delegates: Murphy/ Martinez-Rubin Alternate: Toms

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2 5. WEST CONTRA COSTA INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY (WCCIWMA, “RECYCLEMORE”)
Meetings: Monthly Meetings - 2nd Thursday at 6:15 p.m.

No Meeting in August.

Location: Richmond Council Chambers, 440 Civic Center Plaza – 27th Street, Richmond Contact: Viviane Vidal, Office Administrator & Board Secretary, Ph: (510) 609-1215, Email: [email protected]
Cliff Feldman, Executive Director, Email: [email protected] Delegate: Murphy Alternate: Tave

6. WEST CONTRA COSTA TRANSPORTATION COMMISSION (WCCTC)
Meetings: Monthly Meetings - 4th Friday at 8:00 a.m.

No Meetings in August and November. December Meeting Date, TBD.

Location: El Cerrito City Hall, 10890 San Pablo Ave., El Cerrito Contact: John Nemeth, Executive Director, Ph: (510) 210-5933, Email: [email protected]
Mia Carrasco, Administrative Assistant., Ph: (510) 210-5931, Email: [email protected]
Delegate: Sasai Alternate: Toms

7. WESTERN CONTRA COSTA TRANSIT AUTHORITY (“WCCTA / WESTCAT”) Meetings: Monthly Meetings - 2nd Thursday at 6:30 p.m.

Location: Pinole Council Chambers, 2131 Pear Street, Pinole Contact: Mica McFadden, Ph: (510) 724-3331 x 113, Email: [email protected] Delegate: Sasai/Martinez-Rubin Alternate: Murphy

VOLUNTARY INTERAGENCY COLLABORATION BODIES OF WHICH THE CITY IS A MEMBER

8. BAYFRONT CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
Meetings: TBD
Location: TBD
Contact: Sylvia Villa-Serrano, Ph: (510)741-7945, Email: [email protected] Delegate: Toms

9. CONTRA COSTA MAYORS CONFERENCE
Meetings: Monthly Meetings - 1st Thursday at 6:30 p.m.
(Meetings Fluctuate During Holidays)
Location: Rotational locations
Contact: Gary Pokorny, Ph. (510) 508-0052, Email: [email protected] Delegate: (Mayor) Tave (Mayor Pro Tem) Murphy

10. EAST BAY DIVISION, LEAGUE OF CALIFORNIA CITIES
Meetings: February 26, 2026, April 30, 2026, October 22, 2026, December 10, 2026.

Location: Rotational locations
Contact: Sam Brightman (Caygill), Regional Public Affairs Manager, Ph: (510) 473-5418, Email: [email protected]
Delegate: (Mayor) Tave (Mayor Pro Tem) Murphy

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3 11. EAST BAY WILDFIRE COALITION OF GOVERNMENTS
(limited duration / specific focus)
Meetings: TBD
Delegate: Toms Alternate: Tave

12. WEST COUNTY MAYORS AND SUPERVISORS’ ASSOCIATION
Meetings: Quarterly Meetings – 4
th Thursday at 8:30 a.m.

Location: 6
th Month Rotation: San Pablo, El Cerrito, Pinole, Hercules, Richmond Contact: January-June 2026, City of San Pablo: Casey Erlenheim, Interim Deputy City Clerk, (510) 212-3008, Email: [email protected]
July-December 2026, City of El Cerrito: Holly Charléty, City Clerk, Ph: (510) 215-4305, Email: [email protected] Delegate: (Mayor) Tave (Mayor Pro Tem) Murphy

SUBCOMMITTEES OF THE PINOLE CITY COUNCIL

13. FINANCE SUBCOMMITTEE
Meetings: Meet Quarterly/As Needed
Delegates: Mayor, Mayor Pro Tem & City Treasurer
Contact: City Manager, Finance Director, & City Clerk
Created: (Res. 2005-15)

14. COMMITTEE ON MEMORIALS
(limited duration / specific focus)
Meetings: TBD
Attendees: Sasai/Murphy
Created: November 1, 2016

15. PLANNING COMMISSION INTERVIEW AD-HOC SUBCOMMITTEE
(limited duration / specific focus)
Attendees: Toms/Martinez-Rubin

16. TAPS AND COMMUNITY SERVICES COMMISSION INTERVIEW AD-HOC SUBCOMMITTEE (limited duration / specific focus)
Attendees: Tave/Martinez-Rubin

17. CITY COUNCIL PROCEDURES SUBCOMMITTEE
Meetings: TBD
Attendees: Martinez-Rubin/Murphy
Created: October 21, 2025

18. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS PLAN (EOP) SUBCOMITTEE
Meetings: TBD
Attendees: Toms/Murphy
Created: October 21, 2025

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CITY COUNCIL
REPORT 9.E.

DATE: JANUARY 20, 2026
TO: MAYOR AND COUNCIL MEMBERS
FROM: Heba El-Guindy, Public Works Director, [email protected] SUBJECT: APPROVAL OF RESOLUTION ALLOWING THE SUBMITTAL OF A

REQUEST TO THE METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION COMMISSION
FOR THE ALLOCATION OF FISCAL YEAR 2026/27 TRANSPORTATION DEVELOPMENT ACT ARTICLE 3 PEDESTRIAN/BICYCLE PROJECT

FUNDING

RECOMMENDATION
Approval of the attached Resolution authorizing the submittal of Transportation Development Act Article 3 (TDA3) funding application in the amount of $250,000 in addition to $140,000 local match for a total project cost of $390,000 to implement safety improvements on San Pablo Avenue including safe crossings.

BACKGROUND
The Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) solicited applications for FY 2026/27 Transportation Development Act Article 3 (TDA3) funds for pedestrian and bicycle projects.

Last year’s total allocation for Contra Costa County was approximately $1,100,000.00. Final applications to the current cycle of TDA 3 are due by 5:00 p.m. on Thursday, January 29, 2026.

REVIEW AND ANALYSIS
The Local Roads Safety Plan (LRSP) identified San Pablo Avenue as a priority safety corridor due to the high number of collisions including injury collisions. The proposed project intends to improve traffic safety on San Pablo Avenue between Third Avenue and Adams Court. Within this project segment, San Pablo Avenue has a width of 72 feet including five travel lanes and curb-side parking on both sides of the road. San Pablo Avenue in the project area serves an average daily traffic volume of 21,000 vehicles/day.

The Public Works Department received numerous safety concerns including from the Vista Woods development (newly developed 179-unit affordable senior housing complex on the north side of San Pablo Avenue at Fifth Avenue) due to the lack of safe crossings across San Pablo Avenue within reasonable walking distances to access the bus stops and the area’s service land uses. To improve traffic safety conditions for the community and improve access to the transit service on both sides of the road, the project proposes the following improvements:
• Add a crosswalk across San Pablo Avenue at Fifth Avenue with associated ADA

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compliant curb ramps, equipped with a regulatory High-Intensity Activated CrosswalK (HAWK) signal;
• Add a Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB) at the existing crossing across San Pablo Avenue at Madrone Avenue;
• Construct necessary widening of sidewalks to allow installation of accessible curb ramps and new poles of the HAWK and RRFB devices;
• Construct necessary median improvements to improve crossings safety and allow installation of traffic control devices; and,
• Improve signage and pavement markings on San Pablo Avenue between Third Avenue and Adams Court to enhance safety conditions.

Design and construction costs of the above-listed improvements are estimated to amount to $390,000.

It should be noted that staff submitted a draft copy of the TDA3 funding application for review by the Countywide Bicycle Advisory Committee (CBAC) before the set review deadline of November 20, 2025. The CBAC recommended the installation of a regulatory HAWK signal on San Pablo Avenue at Fifth Avenue to replace the originally proposed warning RRFB device (was originally proposed to lower the project cost).

Staff also presented the draft TDA3 application to the City’s Traffic and Pedestrian Safety Committee (TAPS) during the regularly scheduled meeting of December 10, 2025. Although approved unanimously, the TAPS members also recommended installation of a HAWK signal on San Pablo Avenue at Fifth Avenue.

Given the limited TDA3 funding likely to be allocated to Contra Costa County, the City’s application offers to accept a lower TDA3 funding amount and increase the local match, if necessary, to implement the aforementioned safety improvements.

FISCAL IMPACT
The TDA3 funding request is for $250,000 in addition to $140,000 of local match for a total project cost of $390,000 to fund the project’s design and construction. The local match will be funded by Arterial Streets Rehabilitation (Fund 377) and City Street Improvements (Fund 325) from annual applicable projects contained in the five-year Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) namely Accessibility Improvement Project, Pinole Signals Upgrade Project, and Pavement Marking and Signage Upgrades Project.

ATTACHMENTS
A. Resolution
B. Exhibit A: MTC Findings
C. TDA Article 3 Project Application Form

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RESOLUTION NO. 2026-___

RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PINOLE,

COUNTY OF CONTRA COSTA, STATE OF CALIFORNIA, APPROVING THE SUBMITTAL OF: REQUEST TO THE METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION COMMISSION FOR THE ALLOCATION OF FISCAL YEAR 2026/27
TRANSPORTATION DEVELOPMENT ACT ARTICLE 3 PEDESTRIAN/BICYCLE

PROJECT FUNDING
WHEREAS, Article 3 of the Transportation Development Act (TDA), Public Utilities Code (PUC) Section 99200 et seq., authorizes the submission of claims to a regional transportation planning agency for the funding of projects exclusively for the benefit and/or use of pedestrians and bicyclists; and
WHEREAS, the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC), as the regional transportation planning agency for the San Francisco Bay region, has adopted MTC Resolution No. 4108, Revised, entitled “Transportation Development Act, Article 3, Pedestrian/Bicycle Projects,” which delineates procedures and criteria for submission of requests for the allocation of “TDA Article 3” funding; and WHEREAS, MTC Resolution No. 4108, Revised requires that requests for the allocation of TDA Article 3 funding be submitted as part of a single, countywide coordinated claim from each county in the San Francisco Bay region; and WHEREAS, the City of Pinole desires to submit a request to MTC for the allocation of TDA Article 3 funds to support the project described in Attachment B to this resolution, which are for the exclusive benefit and/or use of pedestrians and/or bicyclists.

NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the City of Pinole declares it is eligible to request an allocation of TDA Article 3 funds pursuant to Section 99234 of the Public Utilities Code, and furthermore, be it
RESOLVED, that there is no pending or threatened litigation that might adversely affect the project described in Attachment B to this resolution, or that might impair the ability of the City of Pinole to carry out the project; and furthermore, be it RESOLVED, that the City of Pinole attests to the accuracy of and approves the statements in Attachment A to this resolution; and furthermore, be it RESOLVED, that a certified copy of this resolution and its attachments, and any accompanying supporting materials shall be forwarded to the congestion management agency, countywide transportation planning agency, or county association of governments, as the case may be, of Contra Costa County for submission to MTC as part of the countywide coordinated TDA Article 3 claim.

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PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the Pinole City Council held on the 20th day of January 2026 by the following vote, to-wit:

AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

NOES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBERS:

I hereby certify that the foregoing resolution was regularly introduced, passed, and adopted on the 20th day of January 2026.
____________________________
Roxane Stone
Acting City Clerk

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Resolution No. 2026 -
Attachment A
Re: Request to the Metropolitan Transportation Commission for the Allocation of Fiscal Year 2026/27 Transportation Development Act Article 3 Pedestrian/Bicycle Project Funding
Findings

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1. That the City of Pinole is not legally impeded from submitting a request to the Metropolitan Transportation Commission for the allocation of Transportation Development Act (TDA) Article 3 funds, nor is the City of Pinole legally impeded from undertaking the project described in “Attachment B” of this resolution.

2. That the City of Pinole has committed adequate staffing resources to complete the project described in Attachment B.

3. A review of the project described in Attachment B has resulted in the consideration of all pertinent matters, including those related to environmental and right-of-way permits and clearances, attendant to the successful completion of the project.

4. Issues attendant to securing environmental and right-of-way permits and clearances for the project described in Attachment B have been reviewed and will be concluded in a manner and on a schedule that will not jeopardize the deadline for the use of the TDA funds being requested.

5. That the project described in Attachment B complies with the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA, Public Resources Code Sections 21000 et seq.).

6. That as portrayed in the budgetary description of the project in Attachment B, the sources of funding other than TDA are assured and adequate for completion of the project.

7. That the project described in Attachment B are for capital construction and/or final design and engineering or quick build project; and/or for the maintenance of a Class I bikeway which is closed to motorized traffic and/or Class IV separated bikeway; and/or for the purposes of restriping Class II bicycle lanes; and/or for the development or support of a bicycle safety education program; and/or for the development of a comprehensive bicycle and/or pedestrian facilities plan, and an allocation of TDA Article 3 funding for such a plan has not been received by the City of Pinole within the prior five fiscal years.

8. That the project described in Attachment B which are bicycle projects have been included in a detailed bicycle circulation element included in an adopted general plan, or included in an adopted comprehensive bikeway plan (such as outlined in Section 2377 of the California Bikeways Act, Streets and Highways Code section 2370 et seq.) or responds to an immediate community need, such as a quick-build project.

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9. That any project described in Attachment B bicycle project meets the mandatory minimum safety design criteria published in the California Highway Design Manual or is in a National Association of City and Transportation Officials (NACTO) guidance or similar best practices document.

10. That the project described in Attachment B will be completed in the allocated time (fiscal year of allocation plus two additional fiscal years).

11. That the City of Pinole agrees to maintain, or provide for the maintenance of, the project and facilities described in Attachment B, for the benefit of and use by the public.

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MTC Prog. & Alloc. Section April. 2005 TDA Article 3 Claim Applications Appendix A Page 7 Resolution No. 2026-XX page 1 of 24
Attachment B
TDA Article 3 Project Application Form

1. Agency City of Pinole

2. Primary Contact Heba El-Guindy, Public Works Director

3. Mailing Address 2131 Pear St., Pinole, CA 94564

4. Email Address [email protected] 5. Phone Number 510-954-3495

6. Secondary Contact (in
the event primary is
not available)
Rachel Matsumoto, Public Works Specialist

7. Mailing address (if
different) N/A☒

8. Email Address [email protected] 9. Phone Number 510-724-9839

10. Send allocation
instructions to (if
different from above):

11. Project Title Improved Crossings Safety on San Pablo Avenue

12. Amount requested $390,000 13. Fiscal Year of
Claim
2026/2027

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MTC Prog. & Alloc. Section April. 2005 TDA Article 3 Claim Applications Appendix A Page 8

14. Description of Overall Project:

San Pablo Avenue is a designated State Route (SR 123) and a 1.9-mile-long arterial road that runs through the city of Pinole and connects with neighboring jurisdictions to the east and west including the cities of Hercules and San Pablo and unincorporated County areas. The project segment of San Pablo Avenue extends between Third Avenue and Adams Court, has an approximate width of 72 feet with curb-side parking on both sides of the road, and five vehicular travel lanes including the designated left turn lane. It slopes uphill in the easterly direction, has a posted speed limit of 25 miles per hour (mph) and serves an average daily traffic volume of 21,000 vehicles/day. It should be noted that San Pablo Avenue is a designated truck route, and runs parallel to Interstate 80 (I-80) thereby experiencing diverted traffic. The City of Pinole as well as the Contra Costa County Local Road Safety Plan (LRSP) identifies San Pablo Avenue as a highinjury corridor in need of improved pedestrians’ and bicyclists’ safety. In the most recent 5-year reporting period from January 1, 2020, through December 31, 2024, a total of 20 collisions occurred on San Pablo Avenue with five (5) of these taking place within the project area. Two of the five (5) collisions involved a pedestrian or a bicyclist, and both resulted in injuries. The San Pablo Avenue corridor encompasses commercial, industrial, and residential land uses. The project segment includes a newly developed 179-unit affordable senior housing complex, Vista Woods, located on the north side of San Pablo Avenue at Fifth Avenue.

The City of Pinole has received numerous safety complaints including reports initiated by Vista Woods community members that they do not have access to a safe crossing within a reasonable walking distance and experience difficulty crossing San Pablo Avenue to access nearby bus stops and service land uses. This issue is also worsened by speeding traffic (85th percentile speed of 35 mph), high volume of vehicular traffic, and a wide road with several traveling lanes and no refuge space. The City has taken steps to address community concerns to improve safety in this area. This includes lowering the posted speed limit from 35 mph to the current 25 mph, however it has not caused a noticeable reduction in the travel speeds. The City will also soon implement safety enhancements for a crosswalk on San Pablo Avenue at Third Avenue about 450 feet to the east of Vista Woods (i.e., 900 feet for seniors to walk to a safe crossing then return to the location of the bus stop across the street). Improvements for that crosswalk are funded by Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) funds, will be constructed in the second quarter of 2026, and will include the installation of Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFB).

Despite past efforts to address safety issues along the San Pablo Avenue corridor, there remains a need for safe crossings for all community members, and particularly the senior residents of Vista Woods. The lack of a safe crossing restricts their access to the bus stop located on the other side of San Pablo Avenue (please refer to provided map). Currently, the closest crosswalks on either side are a few blocks from the access door of Vista Woods. This application proposes the following:
• Add a crosswalk across San Pablo Avenue at Fifth Avenue with associated ADA compliant curb ramps, equipped with a regulatory High-Intensity Activated CrosswalK (HAWK) signal; • Add a Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB) at the existing crossing across San Pablo Avenue at Madrone Avenue;
• Construct necessary widening of sidewalks to allow installation of accessible curb ramps and new poles of the HAWK and RRFB devices;

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MTC Prog. & Alloc. Section April. 2005 TDA Article 3 Claim Applications Appendix A Page 9

15. Project Scope Proposed for Funding: (Project level environmental, preliminary planning, and ROW are ineligible uses of TDA funds.)
Planning, Engineering, Construction
• Construct necessary median improvements to improve crossings safety and allow installation of traffic control devices; and,
• Improve signage and pavement markings on San Pablo Avenue between Third Avenue and Adams Court to enhance safety conditions.

This project will increase pedestrian and bicyclist visibility and enhance safety conditions at all three crosswalks on San Pablo Avenue in addition to improving access to public transportation for the senior residents and community as a whole by creating more direct connections to the bus stops and significantly reducing the walking distances.

An earlier draft of this application was presented to the Contra Costa County Countywide Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Committee (CBAC) on December 9, 2025, and to the City of Pinole Traffic and Pedestrian Safety Committee (TAPS) on December 10, 2025. While both committees expressed support for the proposed project, it was recommended by both committees to install a HAWK signal at the proposed crosswalk on San Pablo Avenue at Fifth Avenue. The TAPS and CBAC members felt that the added safety of a regulatory device such as a HAWK was better than the originally proposed RRFB at this location given the age and physical abilities of pedestrians crossing at this location.

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MTC Prog. & Alloc. Section April. 2005 TDA Article 3 Claim Applications Appendix A Page 10

16. Project Location: A map of the project location is attached or a link to a online map of the project location is provided below:

Project Relation to Regional Policies (for information only)

17. Is the project in an Equity Priority Community?
Yes☐ No☒

18. Is this project in a Priority Development Area or a Transit-Oriented Community? Yes☐ No☒

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MTC Prog. & Alloc. Section April. 2005 TDA Article 3 Claim Applications Appendix A Page 11

19. Project Budget and Schedule
Project Eligibility
A. Has the project been reviewed by the Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Committee? Yes☒ No☐
If “YES,” identify the date and provide a copy or link to the agenda.

1. Countywide Bicycle Advisory Committee (CBAC) on DECEMBER 09, 2025 –
https://ccta.ca.gov/meetings/committees/countywide-bicycle-andpedestrian-advisory-committee/

2. City Traffic and Pedestrian Safety Committee (TAPS) on DECEMBER 10, 2025 -
https://pinoleca.portal.civicclerk.com/event/1051/files/agenda/1020 If "NO," provide an explanation).

B. Has the project been approved by the claimant's governing body? Yes☒ No☐
If "NO," provide expected date:___ _______________
C. Has this project previously received TDA Article 3 funding? Yes☐ No☒
(If "YES," provide an explanation on a separate page)
D. For "bikeways," does the project meet Caltrans minimum safety design criteria Yes☒ No☐
pursuant to Chapter 1000 of the California Highway Design Manual? E. 1. Is the project categorically exempt from CEQA, pursuant to CCR Section 15301(c), Yes☒ No☐
Existing Facility?
Project
Phase
TDA 3 Other Funds Total Cost Estimated Completion
(month/year)
Bike/Ped
Plan
ENV
PA&ED
PS&E 35,000 15,000 50,000 December 2026
ROW
CON 215,000 125,000 340,000 May 2027
Total Cost 250,000 140,000 390,000 Project Closeout 2027

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MTC Prog. & Alloc. Section April. 2005 TDA Article 3 Claim Applications Appendix A Page 12

2. If “NO” above, is the project is exempt from CEQA for another reason? Yes☐ No☐
Cite the basis for the exemption. __________________________ N/A☒
If the project is not exempt, please check “NO,” and provide environmental documentation, as appropriate.

F. Estimated Completion Date of project (month and year):
____May 2027
G. Have provisions been made by the claimant to maintain the project or facility, or has Yes☒ No☐
the claimant arranged for such maintenance by another agency? (If an agency other than the Claimant is to maintain the facility, please identify below and provide the agreement.

H. Is a Complete Streets Checklist required for this project ? Yes☒ No☐
If the amount requested is over $250,000 or if the total project phase or construction phase is over $250,000, a Complete Streets checklist is likely required. Please attach the Complete Streets checklist or record of review, as applicable. More information and the form may be found here:
https://mtc.ca.gov/planning/transportation/complete-streets

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MTC Complete Streets Checklist
Implementation of MTC’s Complete Streets Policy, Resolution 4493, Adopted 3/25/22
Background
Since 2006, MTC’s Complete Streets (CS) Policy has promoted the development of transportation facilities that can be used by all modes. In March 2022, MTC updated its CS policy (Resolution 4493) with the goal of ensuring that people biking, walking, rolling, and taking transit are safely accommodated within the transportation network. This policy works to advance Plan Bay Area 2050 objectives of achieving mode shift, safety, equity, and vehicle miles traveled and greenhouse gas emission reductions, as well as state & local compliance with applicable CS-related laws, policies, and practices, specifically the California Complete Street Act of 2008 (Gov. Code Sections 65040.2 and 65302) and applicable local policies such as the CS resolutions adopted before January 16, 2016 (as part of MTC’s OBAG 2 requirements.) Requirements
MTC’s CS Policy requires that all projects in the public right of way (with a total project cost of $250,000 or more) applying for regional discretionary transportation funding – or requesting regional endorsement or approval through MTC – submit a Complete Streets Checklist (Checklist) to MTC.

Project sponsors shall coordinate with their respective County Transportation Agency (CTA) or local Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Committee (BPAC) (or equivalent) to review the CS Checklist. Checklists must be reviewed by the local or county BPAC (or equivalent) prior to MTC's review of the Checklist. If a project includes a transit stop/station or is located along a transit route, the checklist should include an email confirmation from the transit agency(ies) to confirm transit agency coordination and acknowledgement of the project.

Please note that projects claiming exceptions to the CS Policy must complete the Exceptions section on the Checklist, including the BPAC review, and provide a Department Director-level signature. Please fill out Contact Information and Project Information and then move to Statement of Exception, which is the last section.

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Contact Information
Additional information and guidance for completing this Checklist can be found at the MTC Administrative Guidance: Complete Streets Policy Guidance for public agency staff implementing MTC Resolution 4493 at https://mtc.ca.gov/planning/transportation/complete-streets Sign in to Google to save your progress. Learn more
* Indicates required question

1. Contact Name *
Heba El-Guindy

2. Email Address *
[email protected]

3. Contact Phone Number
510-954-3495

4. Project Sponsor *
Pinole Public Works Department

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Regional discretionary funding
Endorsement

5. If "Other" was selected above, please provide your jurisdiction name here.

Your answer

6. County *
Contra Costa

7. Counties (if "Regional" was selected above, please list all counties impacted here)
Your answer

8. Is your project seeking regional discretionary funds or an endorsement? *

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Active Transportation Program (ATP)
Carbon Reduction Program (CRP)
Local Transportation Climate Adaptation Program (LTCAP) One Bay Area Grant Program (OBAG)
Regional Measure 2 (RM2)
Regional Measure 3 (RM3)
Regional Transportation Improvement Program (RTIP)
Senate Bill 1 (SB1) Competitive Programs - (SCCP, TCEP, LPP-C) STA Revenue-Based Exchange
Transportation Development Act (TDA) Article 3
Priority Conservation Area (PCA)
Bus Accelerated Infrastructure Delivery (BusAID)
Other:

Project Information

9. If your project is seeking regional discretionary funding, please choose which funding program. If you are unsure, please email
[email protected].

Clear selection

10. Project Name/Title *
Improved Crossings Safety on San Pablo Aven

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Planning (PLN)
Environmental (ENV)
Preliminary Engineering (PE)
Design Engineering (PSE)
Right-of-Way Acquisition (ROW)
Construction (CON)
Operating and Maintenance (O&M)

11. Project Location *
Pinole

12. Project Area Map (Attach if applicable)
Please save the file "Project Name_YourJurisdictionName_Map." Add the name of the file being uploaded below. Then Click Here to upload your file.

San Pablo Avenue from Third Avenue to Adams

13. Project Description (200 character limit).

Please include scope of project, project extents, length of segment(s), street names, transit stop/stations, etc.
*
Improve safety conditions for pedestrians and

14. Please choose the project phase(s). *

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Bicycle
Pedestrian
Roadway Transit (bus, light rail, streetcar)
Non-Roadway Transit (heavy rail, ferries, etc.)
Driver/Automobile
Yes
No

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15. Please check all the modes that the project includes: *

16. Do you think your project qualifies for a Statement of Exception? * Next Clear form
Forms

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Topic: Bicycle, Pedestrian and Transit Planning
The Complete Streets Policy states that projects that are funded all or in part with regional discretionary funding or receiving MTC endorsements must implement CS as recommended in recently adopted local or countywide plans, such as bicycle, pedestrian, active transportation, Vision Zero, or other systemic safety plan, Community Based Transportation Plans, or transit plan.

MTC Complete Streets Checklist
Sign in to Google to save your progress. Learn more
* Indicates required question

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City/County General + Specific Area Plans
Bicycle, Pedestrian and/or Active Transportation Plan(s) Community-Based Transportation Plan
ADA Transition Plan
Station Access Plan
Transit Plan
Safety-Related Plans
Safe Routes to School Plan
Other:

Topic: Active Transportation Network
Yes
No

17. Please check all of the relevant plans that this project helps to implement. *

18. Please provide details on the Plan recommendation(s) affecting the project area, if any, with Plan adoption date.

If the project is inconsistent with adopted plans, please provide explanation.

Contra Costa County LRSP (03/2023) and ATP (04/2022) and Pinole LRSP (02/2023) and ATP (10/2024)

19. Does the project area contain segments of the regional Active Transportation (AT) Network? [See MTC's AT Network map here]
*

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Yes
No
A. Topic: Safety and Comfort

20. If yes, describe how the project adheres to the National Association of City Transportation Official's (NATCO's) "Designing for All Ages & Abilities Contextual Guidance for High-Comfort Bicycle Facilities" and/or the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board's "Accessibility Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way."
Background: MTC's Complete Streets Policy states, "Projects on the AT Network shall incorporate design principles based on designing for “All Ages and Abilities” contextual guidance provided by the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO), and consistent with state and national best practices. The Proposed Public Rights-of-Way Accessibility Guidelines (PROWAG) (adopted July 2024,) by the U.S. Access Board should also be referenced during design." The design will incorporate and all construction will adhere to AASHTO, MUTCD, NACTO, ADAAG standards.

21. Is there a MTC Mobility Hub (map) within the project area? *

22. If yes, please describe outreach to mobility providers, and the project’s Hubsupportive elements. Please view the Mobility Hubs Playbook Play 1.

Your answer

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Yes
No
Topic: Pedestrian, Bicycle, and Transit Facility Design

23. Is the project on a known High Injury Network (HIN) or has a local traffic safety analysis found a high incidence of killed or severely injured bicyclist/pedestrian-involved crashes within the project area? *

24. Please summarize the traffic safety conditions and describe the project’s traffic safety countermeasures. The Bay Area Vision Zero System may be a helpful resource.

Your answer

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Sidewalk Gap Closure
Sidewalk Widening
New Crosswalk
Updated Crosswalk/Crosswalk Enhancements
Pedestrian Safety Island(s)
Curb Extensions
Class I Muti-Use Trail or Path
Class 2 Bike Lane or Buffered Bike Lane
Class 3 Bicycle Boulevard / Slow Street
Class 3 Bike Route - Sharrow
Class 4 Separated Bikeway
Speed Hump/Table/Cushion/Raised Sidewalk
Daylighting/Corner Parking Restrictions
Speed Limit Reduction
New Traffic Signal or Control Device
Upgrade to Existing Traffic Signal or Other Control Device Transit Signal Priority
Transit Queue-Jump Lanes
Transit-Supportive Lanes (transit lanes, HOV lanes, bus-on-shoulder lanes) Transit-Stop Design (transit bulbs, boarding islands, etc.) Transit-Supportive Stop Placement/Spacing
Other:

Please check all the infrastructure elements that will be included in this phase of the Project:

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Topic: Equity
Yes
No
Topic: Resilience
Yes
No
N/A

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Will the project help to improve active transportation or transit in an Equity Priority Community (EPC)?
*
Please list census tracts that are designated as EPCs and affected by this project.

While the project is not in an area designated as EPC, the San Pablo Avenue corridor services many EPCs which will be affected by this project. They include CTs 364002, 366001, 367100, and many more.

Will the Project integrate green infrastructure?
Clear selection
Back Next Clear form

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Compliance and Exemption with Bicycle and Pedestrian Committee (or Equivalent) Review
Topic: Transit Coordination
MTC Complete Streets Checklist
Sign in to Google to save your progress. Learn more
* Indicates required question

25. Please describe the transit routes, stations, etc., and include information about transit-supportive design elements included in the project. *
WestCAT bus route C3 runs in this area. The project proposed to improve access to the bus stop for senior residents and the community.

26. If yes, list transit facilities (stop, station, and route) and all affected agencies.

WestCAT C3

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Yes
No
Topic: Transit Agency Review
Statement of Compliance
The proposed projects status of compliance with MTC Complete Streets Policy (Resolution 4493).

Yes
No
Topic: Bicycle Advisory and Pedestrian Committee/Commission Review

27. Have all potentially affected transit agencies had the opportunity to review this project? If yes, please save the email from transit operator(s) below. *
Please upload the email documentation from the transit operator(s). Please save the files as "Project Name_YourJurisdictionName_TransitEmail" Add the name of the file being uploaded below. Then Click Here to upload your file.

Your answer
Is this project in compliance with MTC Complete Street's Policy (Resolution 4493)?
*

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Yes
No
The Checklist is being submitted to send to the BPAC for review.

Topic: Transit Agency Review
Yes
No
Has a local Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Committee/Commission (BPAC) reviewed this Checklist?
*
Please provide the meeting date(s).

CBAC 12/09/2025 & Pinole Traffic and Pedestr
Please provide a summary of meeting comments.

Both committees supported this project and recommended the installation of a HAWK signal for the crossing at Fifth Avenue

1. The affected roadway is legally prohibited for use by bicyclists and/or pedestrians.

Clear selection

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Yes
No
Yes
No
If yes, please cite language and agency citing prohibited use.

Your answer

2. The costs of providing Complete Streets improvements are excessively disproportionate to the need or probable use (defined as more than 20 percent for Complete Streets elements of the total project cost).

Clear selection
If claimed, the agency must include proportionate alternatives and still provide safe accommodation of people biking, walking and rolling. Please share how that will be executed.

Your answer

3. There is a documented Alternative Plan to implement Complete Streets and/or on a nearby parallel route.

Clear selection

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Yes
No
Department Director-Level Signature for Exceptions
Exceptions must be signed by a Department Director--level agency representative, or their designee. Please include name, title and copy of their approval of this exception in email or letter format below.

If Yes, describe alternative Plan/Project.

N/A

4. Conditions exist in which policy requirements may not be able to be met, such as fire and safety specifications, spatial conflicts on the roadway with transit or environmental concerns, defined as abutting conservation land or severe topological constraints.

Clear selection
Describe condition(s) that prohibit implementation of CS policy requirements.

N/A
Name of department director or equivalent for exceptions.

N/A

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Director Approval File Upload
Please save the file with the project name and the jurisdiction submitting checklist.

Add the name of the file being uploaded below. Then Click Here to upload your file.

N/A
Back Submit Clear form
Forms

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CITY COUNCIL
REPORT 10.A.

DATE: JANUARY 20, 2026
TO: MAYOR AND COUNCIL MEMBERS
FROM: Lilly Whalen, Community Development Director, 510-724-9832, [email protected]
David Hanham, Planning Manager, 510-724-9842, [email protected] SUBJECT: CONDUCT A PUBLIC HEARING, TABULATE BALLOTS, AND CONSIDER

ADOPTION OF A RESOLUTION CONFIRMING ASSESSMENTS FOR THE

APPIAN VILLAGE RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ASSESSMENT DISTRICT FOR FISCAL YEAR 2026/27

RECOMMENDATION
Conduct a public hearing, receive and tabulate Proposition 218 ballots, and, if a majority of weighted ballots are submitted in favor of the proposed assessment, adopt a Resolution confirming assessments for the Appian Village Residential Lighting Assessment District for Fiscal Year 2026/27

BACKGROUND
On December 2, 2025, the City Council adopted a Resolution initiating proceedings to form the Appian Village Residential Lighting Assessment District (“District”) and directing preparation of an Engineer’s Report in accordance with the Landscaping and Lighting Act of 1972 (Streets & Highways Code §22500 et seq.) and Article XIII D of the California Constitution.

On January 13, 2026, the City Council approved the Engineer’s Report, declared its intent to form the District, and set January 20, 2026 as the date for the required Proposition 218 public hearing.

The formation of the District supports Condition of Approval No. 39 of Planning Commission Resolution No. 22-01, which requires the Appian Village subdivision to be incorporated into a lighting and landscaping district to ensure ongoing maintenance of public improvements serving the development.

The proposed District includes all 154 residential parcels within the Appian Village subdivision.

The District is designed to fund the ongoing operation, maintenance, and servicing of public streetlighting, traffic signal equipment, and associated utilities located within the public right-ofway along Appian Way and Canyon Drive. Landscaping within the subdivision is privately maintained and is not included in the District.

REVIEW AND ANALYSIS
Proposition 218 Public Hearing and Balloting

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This item represents the final procedural step required to form the Appian Village Residential Lighting Assessment District.

The City mailed Proposition 218 notices and ballots to the sole property owner within the proposed District. There are no other property owners in the District. As previously reported, the Appian Village property owner requested a shortened notice and balloting period and executed a written waiver approving this modification. The property owner was given the opportunity to submit a ballot either in favor of or in opposition to the proposed assessments.

At this public hearing, the City Council will:
• Open the public hearing;
• Receive any public testimony;
• Close the public hearing and balloting period; and
• Direct staff to tabulate ballots.

The procedure is as follows: if ballots submitted in favor of the proposed assessment represent a majority of the weighted ballots received, the Council may adopt a Resolution confirming the assessments and ordering their levy beginning in Fiscal Year 2026/27.

Assessment and Services
The Engineer’s Report identifies that the District will fund the annual operation, servicing, routine maintenance, and minor repair of public streetlighting, traffic signal equipment, and associated electrical utilities; graffiti removal within the project right-of-way; the City’s administrative costs related to managing the District; and capital replacement, contingency, and operating reserves.

All improvements included in the District are located within the public right-of-way along Appian Way and Canyon Drive and provide special benefit to the parcels within the subdivision, in addition to general benefit to the public.

Next Steps
If the assessments are confirmed tonight, staff will proceed with the following:
• August 10, 2026: Submit final assessment amounts to Contra Costa County for inclusion on the Fiscal Year 2026/27 property tax roll.

If the assessments are not approved, the District will not be formed, and the City would need to identify an alternative funding source or defer maintenance of the associated improvements.

FISCAL IMPACT
Adoption of a Resolution confirming assessments will have no immediate fiscal impact on the City’s General Fund.

If approved, annual assessments levied on parcels within the Appian Village Residential Lighting Assessment District will fund a portion of the ongoing operation, maintenance, utilities, and administrative costs related to the public lighting and traffic-related improvements serving the development.

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The proposed assessment will have an initial Maximum Assessment for the District in the amount of $33,311.33 to be divided by the number of equivalent benefit units of each parcel within the District boundary. These rates may be adjusted annually by the greater of four percent (4%) or the cumulative percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index over the base year of 2025.

The revenue from this special assessment will be deposited into a Special Fund and will be used to pay for the services provided in the District. The total annual cost for maintenance associated with this District is $52,952.10. Of this amount, $33,311.33 is attributed as a special benefit to the development and will be assessed accordingly. The remaining general benefit portion will be funded by the City’s General Fund or other source. Both the revenue and expenses will be part of the City’s FY 2026-27 Adopted Budget.

ATTACHMENTS
A. Resolution
B. Engineer's Report

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RESOLUTION NO. 2026-XX

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PINOLE

DECLARING THE RESULTS OF THE ASSEMENT BALLOTING, FORMING THE

APPIAN VILLAGE LANDSCAPE AND LIGHTING ASSESSMENT DISTRICT, AND CONFIRMING ASSESSMENTS FOR FISCAL YEAR 2026/27
WHEREAS, on December 2, 2025, the City Council of the City of Pinole (“City Council”) adopted a Resolution initiating proceedings to form the Appian Village Residential Lighting Assessment District (“District”) and directing preparation of an Engineer’s Report in accordance with the Landscaping and Lighting Act of 1972 (Streets & Highways Code §22500 et seq.) and Article XIII D of the California Constitution; and WHEREAS, on January 13, 2026, the City Council adopted a Resolution approving the Engineer’s Report, incorporated as Exhibit A herein, declaring its intent to form the District, and setting January 20, 2026 as the date for the public hearing on the proposed assessments; and
WHEREAS, the District includes all 154 residential parcels within the Appian Village subdivision and is intended to fund the operation, routine maintenance, minor repairs, and servicing of public streetlighting, traffic signal equipment, and associated utilities located along Appian Way and Canyon Drive, as well as graffiti removal, administrative costs associated with managing this maintenance, and capital replacement, contingency, and operating reserves; and
WHEREAS, all improvements to be funded by the District are located within the public right-of-way and provide special benefit to the parcels within the District, in addition to any general benefit to the public, as described in the Engineer’s Report; and WHEREAS, the City mailed Proposition 218 notices and ballots to the sole property owner within the proposed District, there being no other property owners within the District; and
WHEREAS, the property owner of the Appian Village development requested a shortened notice and balloting period and executed a written waiver approving such modification; and
WHEREAS, the property owner was provided the opportunity to submit a ballot in favor of or in opposition to the proposed assessments; and WHEREAS, on January 20, 2026, the City Council conducted a duly noticed public hearing, received public testimony, closed the hearing and the balloting period, and directed the tabulation of ballots; and
WHEREAS, ballots submitted in favor of the proposed assessments represent a majority of the weighted ballots received.

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NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the City Council of the City of Pinole as follows:

SECTION 1. PUBLIC HEARING. The City Council hereby finds that the public hearing and balloting process were conducted in compliance with Article XIII D of the California Constitution and the Landscaping and Lighting Act of 1972. At the conclusion of the Public Hearing, the ballots submitted in favor of the proposed assessments represent a majority of the weighted ballots received.

SECTION 2. FORMATION OF THE DISTRICT. The City Council hereby declares the formation of the Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District.

SECTION 3. CONFIRMATION OF ASSESSMENTS. The assessments described in the Engineer’s Report for the Appian Village Residential Lighting Assessment District for Fiscal Year 2026/27 are hereby confirmed.

SECTION 4: LEVY AND COLLECTION OF ASSESSMENTS. The City Council hereby orders the levy and collection of the assessments for Fiscal Year 2026/27 in the manner set forth in the Engineer’s Report, including collection on the County tax roll.

SECTION 5: ASSESSMENT AMOUNTS AND ADJUSTMENTS. The total Maximum Assessment for the District for Fiscal Year 2026/27 shall not exceed $33,311.33 to be divided by the number of equivalent benefit units of each parcel within the District boundary as described in the Engineer’s Report. Future annual adjustments may be made in accordance with the methodology and escalation provisions set forth in the Engineer’s Report.

SECTION 6: SPECIAL FUND. All assessment revenues shall be deposited into a special fund established for the Appian Village Residential Lighting Assessment District and shall be used solely for the purposes identified in the Engineer’s Report.

SECTION 7: IMPLEMENTATION. The City Manager or designee is authorized and directed to take all actions necessary to implement this Resolution, including submitting the confirmed assessments to Contra Costa County for inclusion on the Fiscal Year 2026/27 property tax roll.

PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the Pinole City Council held on the 20th day of January 2026 by the following vote:

AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

NOES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBERS:

I, hereby certify that the foregoing resolution was regularly introduced, passed, and adopted on this 20th day of January 2026.

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______________________________________
Roxane Stone, CMC
Deputy City Clerk

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CITY OF PINOLE

APPIAN VILLAGE

LANDSCAPE AND LIGHTING

ASSESSMENT DISTRICT
ENGINEER’S REPORT
January 2026

PREPARED BY
41593 Winchester Rd, Suite 200
Temecula, CA 92590
www.weareharris.com

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Engineer’s Certification ........................................................................................................ i Executive Summary ............................................................................................................. 1 A. Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1 B. Assessment District ........................................................................................... 3 Part I – Plans and Specifications ......................................................................................... 4 A. Description of the Assessment District ............................................................. 4 B. Description of Improvements and Services Authorized by the Landscaping and Lighting Act of 1972 ............................................................................................................ 4 C. Improvements and Services for Appian Village LLAD ........................................ 6 Part II – Cost Estimate ......................................................................................................... 7 Part III – Method of Apportionment ................................................................................... 9 A. Method of Apportionment ................................................................................ 9 B. Annual Assessment .......................................................................................... 23 C. Maximum Assessment Methodology .............................................................. 24 Part IV – Assessment Diagram/Boundary Map ................................................................. 26 Part V – Assessment Roll ................................................................................................... 31

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Apian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District i
ENGINEER’S CERTIFICATION
AGENCY: THE CITY OF PINOLE
PROJECT: CITY OF PINOLE

APPIAN VILLAGE LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING ASSESSMENT DISTRICT TO: THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PINOLE, STATE OF CALIFORNIA ENGINEER’S REPORT
LANDSCAPING AND LIGHTING ACT OF 1972, DIVISION 15 OF THE

STREETS AND HIGHWAYS CODE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
Pursuant to the provisions of Sections 22565 through 22574 of the Landscaping and Lighting Act of 1972, said act being Part 2 of Division 15 of the California Streets and Highways Code (“1972 Act”), in compliance with the substantive and procedural requirements of Articles XIII C and XIII D (Proposition 218) of the California Constitution, recent court precedent and under the direction of the City Council of the City of Pinole, California (“City Council”), submitted herewith is the annexation Engineer’s Report (“Report”) for the City of Pinole (“City”).

This Report provides for the formation of the City of Pinole Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District (“Appian Village LLAD” or “District”) as required under the terms of Tract 9630 issued for the development of the following Assessor Parcel Numbers (APN):
401-500-001 401-500-010 401-500-019 401-510-005
401-500-002 401-500-011 401-500-020 401-510-006
401-500-003 401-500-012 401-500-021 401-510-007
401-500-004 401-500-013 401-500-022 401-510-008
401-500-005 401-500-014 401-500-023 401-510-009
401-500-006 401-500-015 401-510-001 401-510-010
401-500-007 401-500-016 401-510-002 401-510-011
401-500-008 401-500-017 401-510-003 401-510-012
401-500-009 401-500-018 401-510-004
This Report also establishes the Maximum Assessment to be levied commencing with Fiscal Year 2026-2027 (i.e., commencing July 1, 2026, and ending June 30, 2027) and continuing in all subsequent Fiscal Years, for the area to be known and designated as:

Appian Village LLAD

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District ii
I do hereby assess and apportion the total amount of the costs and expenses upon parcels of land within the designated area liable therefore and benefited thereby, in proportion to the estimated benefits that each parcel receives, respectively, from said services.

I, the appointed Engineer, acting on behalf of the City of Pinole, pursuant to the 1972 Act, do hereby submit the following:
 The costs and expenses of the District which have been assessed upon the parcels of land in the District benefited thereby in direct proportion and relation to the estimated benefits to be received by each of said parcels pursuant to the provisions of law.  An Assessment Diagram/Boundary Map is filed herewith as required by law, showing the District as well as the boundaries and dimensions of the respective parcels or lots and subdivisions of land within said District, as the same exist as of the date of this Report.

Reference is made to the Assessor Parcel Map for a description of the lots or parcels.  An Assessment Roll showing the annual assessment for each parcel corresponding to the numbers assigned to each parcel by the Contra Costa County Assessor and are current as of the date of this Report.

In conclusion, it is my opinion that the assessments for Appian Village LLAD have been spread in accordance with the benefits that each parcel receives from the items being financed.

DATED this 6th day of January 2026

___________________________________________
Alison M. Bouley, P.E., Assessment Engineer
R.C.E. No. C61383
Engineer of Work
County of Contra Costa
State of California

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A. Introduction
Pursuant to the provisions of Sections 22565 through 22574 of the Landscaping and Lighting Act of 1972, said act being Part 2 of Division 15 of the California Streets and Highways Code (“1972 Act”), in compliance with the substantive and procedural requirements of Articles XIII C and XIII D (Proposition 218) of the California Constitution and recent court precedent, the costs and expenses of Appian Village LLAD (“Appian Village LLAD” or “District”) have been assessed upon the parcels of land in the District benefited thereby in direct proportion and relation to the estimated benefits to be received by each of said parcels. For particulars as to the identification of said parcels, reference is made to the Assessment Diagram/Boundary Map, a reduced copy of which is included in Part IV of this Report. On the 13th day of January, 2026 the City Council, City of Pinole, State of California, ordering the preparation of the Engineer’s Report (“Report”) providing for the formation of the Appian Village LLAD did, pursuant to the provisions of the 1972 Act, adopt Resolution No. 2026-______ for a special assessment district known and designated as:

Appian Village LLAD
The formation of the Appian Village LLAD includes the parcels identified by the Assessor Parcel Numbers (APN) valid as of the date of this Report:
401-500-001 401-500-010 401-500-019 401-510-005
401-500-002 401-500-011 401-500-020 401-510-006
401-500-003 401-500-012 401-500-021 401-510-007
401-500-004 401-500-013 401-500-022 401-510-008
401-500-005 401-500-014 401-500-023 401-510-009
401-500-006 401-500-015 401-510-001 401-510-010
401-500-007 401-500-016 401-510-002 401-510-011
401-500-008 401-500-017 401-510-003 401-510-012
401-500-009 401-500-018 401-510-004
Formation of a landscape & lighting assessment district for the maintenance of improvements in perpetuity is a prerequisite for development of these parcels or any future subdivision of land under the terms of Tract 9630.

As required by law, an Assessment Diagram/Boundary Map is filed herewith, showing the District, as well as the respective parcels and subdivisions of land within said District as they exist on the date of this Report. Each of which subdivisions of land into parcels or lots, respectively, has been assigned a distinctive number and is so indicated on the Assessment Diagram/Boundary Map and in the Assessment Roll contained herein. Harris submits this Report, consisting of five parts, for the annexation of Appian Village LLAD and the establishment of the Maximum Assessment to be levied and collected commencing Fiscal Year 2026-2027 and continuing in subsequent fiscal years.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 2 Part I
Plans and Specifications: A description of Appian Village LLAD boundaries and the proposed improvements within said District. The District shall consist of thirty-five parcels which comprise the residential development known as Appian Village LLAD. The proposed improvements described in this Report are based on the requirements of Tract 9630 (“Appian Village”) and the current development and improvement plans provided to Harris & Associates (Harris) by the City of Pinole as of the date of this Report. (1) Unsigned Appian Way - Public Street Lighting for Denova Homes, Apian Way/Canyon Drive, by Giacalone Design Services, Inc., dated 06/27/2025 and (2) Unsigned Subdivision 9630 Apian Village tract map, by CBG Civil Engineers., dated March 2025 are on file in the office of the City Engineer and are incorporated into this Report by reference.

Part II
Cost Estimate: An estimate of the cost of the streetlight and traffic signal improvements maintenance and service, including incidental costs and expenses in connection therewith, for Fiscal Year 2025- 2026.

Part III
Method of Apportionment: A narrative of the property benefits from the improvements and the method of calculating each property’s proportional special benefit and annual assessment. The proposed initial Maximum Assessment established for Appian Village LLAD is based on current property development Plans and estimated annual costs and expenses associated with all improvements to be accepted and maintained by Appian Village LLAD at build-out.

Part IV
Assessment Diagram/Boundary Map: An Assessment Diagram/Boundary Map showing the parcels of land included within the boundaries of Appian Village LLAD. For details concerning the lines and dimensions of the applicable Assessor’s Parcel Numbers, refer to the County Assessor’s Maps as of the date of this Report.

Part V
Assessment Roll: A listing of the Assessor’s Parcel Numbers, or the lot/unit numbers assigned for subdivided parcels, and the initial Maximum Assessment per parcel or acre to be applied on the tax roll for Fiscal Year 2025-2026.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 3 B. Assessment District
The improvements and services to be provided by Appian Village LLAD generally include streetlight and traffic signal maintenance. The formation of Appian Village LLAD will provide the financial mechanism (annual assessments) by which the ongoing operation and maintenance of these improvements and services will be funded in perpetuity. Appian Village LLAD’s structure, proposed improvements, method of apportionment and assessments described in this Report are based on the Plans provided to Harris as of the date of this Report, including all estimated direct expenditures, incidental expenses, and reserves associated with the maintenance and servicing of the proposed improvements.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 4 PART I – PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS
A. Description of the Assessment District
Appian Village LLAD is located within the City of Pinole, County of Contra Costa, State of California generally located at the northeast corner of Appian Way and Canyon Drive. At full development, Appian Village LLAD is projected to include a one-hundred-fifty-four (154) residential unit project in twenty-six (26) buildings on twenty-six (26) taxable residential parcels and nine (9) non-assessable parcels. Appian Village LLAD consists of all lots/units, parcels and subdivisions of land located in the residential development area currently defined by the following Assessor Parcel Numbers as of the date of this Report:
401-500-001 401-500-010 401-500-019 401-510-005
401-500-002 401-500-011 401-500-020 401-510-006
401-500-003 401-500-012 401-500-021 401-510-007
401-500-004 401-500-013 401-500-022 401-510-008
401-500-005 401-500-014 401-500-023 401-510-009
401-500-006 401-500-015 401-510-001 401-510-010
401-500-007 401-500-016 401-510-002 401-510-011
401-500-008 401-500-017 401-510-003 401-510-012
401-500-009 401-500-018 401-510-004
A general boundary map for the District is presented in Part IV of this Report.

B. Description of Improvements and Services Authorized by the Landscaping and Lighting Act of 1972
As applicable to the District, the 1972 Act (specifically, Section 22525 of the California Streets and Highways Code) defines improvements to mean one or any combination of the following:
 The installation or planting of landscaping.
 The installation or construction of statuary, fountains, and other ornamental structures and facilities.
 The installation or construction of public lighting facilities, including, but not limited to, streetlights and traffic signals.
 The installation or construction of any facilities which are appurtenant to any of the foregoing or which are necessary or convenient for the maintenance or servicing thereof, including, but not limited to, grading, clearing, removal of debris, the installation or construction of curbs, gutters, walls, sidewalks, or paving, or water, irrigation, drainage, or electrical facilities.  The installation of park or recreational improvements, including, but not limited to, all of the following:
o Land preparation, such as grading, leveling, cutting and filling, sod, landscaping, irrigation systems, sidewalks, and drainage.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 5  Lights, playground equipment, play courts, and public restrooms.  The maintenance or servicing, or both, of any of the foregoing, and any of the improvements authorized in Streets and Highways Code Section 22525 (i).  The acquisition of land for park, recreational, or open-space purposes.  The acquisition of any existing improvement otherwise authorized pursuant to this section.  The acquisition or construction of any community center, municipal auditorium or hall, or similar public facility for the indoor presentation of performances, shows, stage productions, fairs, conventions, exhibitions, pageants, meetings, parties, or other group events, activities, or functions, whether those events, activities, or functions are public or private.

Section 22526 of the California Streets and Highways Code states that “incidental expenses” associated with the improvements include, but are not limited to the following:
 The cost of preparation of the report, including plans, specifications, estimates, diagram, and assessment.
 The costs of printing, advertising, and the giving of published, posted, and mailed notices.  Compensation payable to the County for collection of assessments.  Compensation of any engineer or attorney employed to render services in proceedings pursuant to this part.
 Any other expenses incidental to the construction, installation, or maintenance and servicing of the improvements.
 Any expenses incidental to the issuance of bonds or notes pursuant to Section 22662.5 of the California Streets and Highways Code.
 Costs associated with any elections held for the approval of a new or increased assessment.

Section 22531 of the 1972 Act defines “maintain” or “maintenance” to mean the following:
 Furnishing of services and materials for the ordinary and usual maintenance, operation, and servicing of any improvement, including:
 Repair, removal, or replacement of all or any part of any improvement.  Providing for the life, growth, health, and beauty of landscaping, including cultivation, irrigation, trimming, spraying, fertilizing, or treating [vegetation] for disease or injury.  The removal of trimmings, rubbish, debris, and other solid waste.  The cleaning, sandblasting, and painting of walls and other improvements to remove or cover graffiti.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 6 C. Improvements and Services for Appian Village LLAD
Appian Village LLAD provides for the collection of annual assessments to fund the ongoing maintenance and servicing of streetlighting and traffic signal improvements on Appian Way and Canyon Drive within the public right-of-way of the following parcels:
401-500-001 401-500-010 401-500-019 401-510-005
401-500-002 401-500-011 401-500-020 401-510-006
401-500-003 401-500-012 401-500-021 401-510-007
401-500-004 401-500-013 401-500-022 401-510-008
401-500-005 401-500-014 401-500-023 401-510-009
401-500-006 401-500-015 401-510-001 401-510-010
401-500-007 401-500-016 401-510-002 401-510-011
401-500-008 401-500-017 401-510-003 401-510-012
401-500-009 401-500-018 401-510-004
The assessments will also fund any appurtenant facilities and related incidental expenses including, but not limited to, the cost of personnel, electrical energy, materials, equipment, contracting services, and other items necessary for the satisfactory operation of these services which are the responsibility of Appian Village LLAD.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 7 PART II – COST ESTIMATE
The Cost Estimate is located below:

MAINTENANCE OF IMPROVEMENTS
Street Light Operation and Maintenance Costs Appian Way (125 Watt LED - 6 poles) $ 3,239.71
Street Light Operation and Maintenance Costs Canyon Drive (125 Watt LED - 3 poles) $ 1,619.85
Annual Service/Repairs Cost $ 540.00
Traffic Signal Maintenance6
$ 11,501.00
Capital Reserves - Streetlighting Appian Way2
$ 1,500.00
Capital Reserves - Streetlighting Canyon Drive2
$ 750.00
Capital Reserves - Traffic Signal Upgrades6
$ 16,642.86
TOTAL MAINTENANCE COSTS 35,793.42 $

INCIDENTAL COSTS
Administrative Costs3
$ 10,000.00
Contingency (10%) 3,579.34 $
Operating Reserves (10%) 3,579.34 $
TOTAL INCIDENTAL COSTS 17,158.68 $
TOTAL PROJECTED COSTS 52,952.10 $
GENERAL BENEFIT OFFSET4
($18,872.86)
SPECIAL BENEFIT PARCELS OUTSIDE DISTRICT OFFSET5
$ (767.92)
TOTAL ASSESSED COSTS 33,311.33 $

APPIAN VILAGE LANDSCAPE AND LIGHTING ASSESSMENT DISTRICT

CITY OF PINOLE

ANNUAL BUDGET
FISCAL YEAR 2025-2026

FUNCTION

PROJECTED
ANNUAL
COST 1

FUNCTION

PROJECTED
ANNUAL
COST

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 8 1
Appian Village is composed of 26 residential parcels containing 154 single family dwelling units and 9 non-assessable parcels on 4.25 net assessable acres and 77 EBUs. 2 Streetlight Capital Reserve based on one estimated pole and lighting fixture replacement every 5 years due to traffic collisions + labor costs. 3 Administrative cost is composed of consultant annual administrative contract fees and City overhead. 4
General Benefit Offset = General benefit offset Appian Way Streetlights and Traffic Signals 5 Special Benefit Parcels Outside District Offset = Streetlight special benefit to parcels outside district located on Canyon Drive. 6
Traffic Signal Maintenance and Upgrade costs provided by the City of Pinole.

FISCAL YEAR 2025-2026

APPIAN VILAGE LANDSCAPE AND LIGHTING ASSESSMENT DISTRICT

CITY OF PINOLE

ANNUAL BUDGET (CONTINUED)

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 9 PART III – METHOD OF APPORTIONMENT
A. Method of Apportionment
The 1972 Act permits the establishment of assessment districts by agencies for the purpose of providing certain public improvements, which include dedicated easements for streetlighting and traffic signals use, and appurtenant facilities. Section 22573 of the 1972 Act gives the following instructions for apportioning assessments to the parcels within the district:
“The net amount to be assessed upon lands within an assessment district may be apportioned by any formula or method which fairly distributes the net amount among all assessable lots or parcels in proportion to the estimated benefits to be received by each such lot or parcel from the improvements.”
The formula used for calculating assessments for parcels within Appian Village LLAD, which reflects the composition of the parcels and the improvements and services which are the responsibility of Appian Village LLAD, fairly apportions the costs based on the estimated benefit to each parcel. In addition, Article XIII D of the California Constitution (“Article XIIID”) requires that a parcel's assessment may not exceed the reasonable cost of the proportional special benefit conferred on that parcel. Article XIIID provides that only special benefits are assessable, and the City must separate the general benefits from the special benefits conferred on a parcel. A special benefit is a particular and distinct benefit over, and above general benefits conferred on the public at large, including real property within the District. The general enhancement of property value does not constitute a special benefit.

This section of the Engineer’s Report includes an explanation of the special and general benefits to be derived from the public improvements maintained by the District and the methodology used to apportion the total assessment to properties within the District. The method used for apportioning the assessment is based upon the proportional special benefits conferred to the properties over and above the general benefits conferred to real property in the District or to the public at large. Special benefit and the Assessments are calculated for each parcel in the District using the following process:

1. Description and quantification of the general benefits

2. Determination of the relative special benefits by improvement type

3. Determination of the Benefit Factors by Land Use Type

4. Description and calculation of Equivalent Dwelling Unit (EDU) Methodology

5. Description and calculation of Equivalent Benefit Unit (EBU) Methodology

6. Calculation of assessment rates and calculation of assessments

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 10 The proposed improvements, the associated costs, and assessments have been carefully reviewed, identified, and allocated based on special benefit.

Streetlighting and traffic signal maintenance are the responsibility of Appian Village LLAD.

Benefit Factors
The special benefits will be applied by improvement and land use types through the application of an Applied Benefit Factor (“Benefit Factor). The Benefit Factor will be multiplied by the Equivalent Dwelling Units (EDUs) to derive the Equivalent Benefit Units (EBUs) in the report, both described later in this report. The EBUs proportionately spread the assessments based on the special benefits received.

Benefit Factors quantify the relative amount of benefit a parcel receives from an improvement. The following paragraphs describe each Benefit Factor by land use.

Benefit Factors – Streetlighting
The factors that determine the benefit of streetlighting to a particular land use are defined as follows:

Safety & Security: Streetlighting is a crucial component in enhancing safety and security for residential and commercial developments. Adequate streetlighting deters criminal activity by increasing visibility and decreasing locations for criminal activity to not be visible. This improved security reduces the likelihood of crime, making neighborhoods and business districts safer and more appealing for residents, employees, and visitors.

Community Character & Vitality: Streetlighting contributes to the overall character and vitality of a community. Consistent, well-designed lighting helps create an inviting atmosphere that reflects the community's identity, encourages social interactions, and supports a sense of pride among residents.

Well-lit streets and public spaces stimulate economic activity by making these areas more attractive for evening activities, contributing to a vibrant local culture and economy.

Property Access: Streetlighting directly support property access by ensuring that streets, sidewalks, and pathways are well lit and easy to navigate after dark for parcels within or adjacent to streetlight illumination pattern. This lighting benefits visitors and emergency services by providing clear, visible pathways, which enhance accessibility, safety, and ease of movement to and from properties. This factor is especially important in high-traffic areas, enhancing the overall usability of roads and walkways at night.

Nighttime Visibility: Good nighttime visibility provided by streetlighting primarily benefits commercial land uses by improving navigation and reducing hazards. With enhanced visibility, visitors can travel safely and comfortably at night, reducing the risk of accidents and injuries when accessing commercial parcels. For commercial areas, nighttime visibility also aids in attracting customers and fostering a safe, lively environment, supporting both safety and economic activity.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 11 The special and direct benefits of streetlighting for each land use type are listed in Table 1 below with the Applied Benefit Factor assigned to each land use type by taking the total benefit factor for each land use divided by the commercial benefit total.

Table 1
Applied Benefit Factor

Separation of General Benefit and Special Benefit
Based on Article XIIID, Section 4 of the of the California Constitution, all benefits are either general or special.

In other words:

Total Benefit = Special Benefit + General Benefit
General Benefit = Benefits to Population of the District + Benefits to the Public At Large Special Benefit = Benefit to Parcels Inside the District + Benefit to Parcels Outside the District
The identified improvements and services provide benefits to the parcels located within the District.

Some of these benefits are “special benefits,” benefits that are above and beyond those “general benefits” provided to the public at large. Under Article XIIID, Section 4 of the California Constitution, only “special benefits” provided to the parcels within the District are assessable. Special Benefits provided to parcels outside the District are not assessable. General benefit to the population of the District and the public at large are not assessable. As such, isolation and quantification of the “special benefits” provided to parcels within the District associated with the improvements and services are paramount. In order to isolate the “Special Benefits,” it is necessary to quantify the amount of “General Benefits” associated with the improvements and services. Additionally, we will also identify the Special Benefit to any parcels outside the District that must be excluded from the assessment of District parcels.

Special benefits impact the assessed properties in a way that is particular and distinct from their effect on other parcels not within the District and that real property in general and the public at large Special Benefits/Land Use
Single Family
Residential
(Neighborhood
Lighting) Office
Utility, Industrial,
Schools, Colleges Commercial Park
Vacant,
Agricultural, Golf
Safety & Security 1 1 1 1 1 1
Community Character &
Vitality 1 1 1
Property Access 1 1 1 1
Nighttime Visibility 1
Subtotal: 2 3 2 4 2 1
Applied Benefit Factor
(Subtotal/Commercial
Subtotal)

0.50 0.75 0.50 1.00 0.50 0.25

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 12 do not share. The improvements were installed as a condition of development for the Appian Village residential development and would not have been installed otherwise. Since these improvements were installed and are maintained especially for the benefit of properties within the District, all assessable properties in the District receive a special benefit and are assessed for the special benefits conferred by the improvements.

General Benefit - Streetlighting
The project includes installation, operation and maintenance of six (6) new streetlights on Appian Way and three (3) new streetlights on Canyon Drive for a total of nine (9) new streetlights.

Appian Way: The six (6) additional streetlights on Appian Way are a City required condition of approval for the development and therefore 50% of the associated costs to service and maintain those streetlights and provide for future capital replacement are assigned as general benefit to the developing parcels. The remaining 50% is further divided based on the following additional criteria.

Additionally, Appian Way is an arterial roadway composed of two lanes in each direction. Roadway lights clearly provide a measure of general benefit to the public and to properties in general resulting from nighttime traffic safety and circulation on these primary streets. The lane immediately adjacent to the parcels is primarily used for local traffic, including accessing the project parcels, and confers a particular and distinct special benefit upon parcels within Appian Village LLAD. The thru lane, located nearest the median, is designated for traffic continuing past the parcels traveling to other destinations. The thru lane comprises 50% of the two lanes bordering the development. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that fifty percent (50%) of the remaining costs associated with the servicing, maintenance, and future capital replacement of the streetlights on Appian Way would be considered a general benefit. This results in a net total of 25% of the arterial streetlights on Appian Way and associated costs to service and maintain those streetlights and provide for future capital replacement would be considered a general benefit.

Canyon Drive: Canyon Drive is a collector roadway composed of one lane in each direction.

Streetlights on Canyon Drive provide special and direct benefit to the parcels inside the District as well as certain parcels outside the District which are located adjacent to the development and illuminated by the streetlights (addressed later in Special Benefit section of report) and provide a deminimus amount of benefit to the public in general. Therefore, the general benefit from streetlights on Canyon Drive is zero. See special benefit calculation for parcels outside the District in Table 6.

General Benefit – Traffic Signals
Traffic Signal costs are composed of the (1) Operation and maintenance costs and (2) Traffic signal upgrade costs.

Operation and Maintenance Costs: The facilities maintained in the District include the operation and maintenance of two (2) existing traffic signals on Appian Way/Mann Drive and Appian Way/Canyon Drive. Traffic signals clearly provide a measure of general benefit to the broader

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 13 traveling public, to properties in general as well as properties within the assessment district.

Operation and maintenance of the traffic signals provide general benefits by (1) Improving overall network circulation, enhancing regional mobility, and reducing travel delay for non-local throughtraffic, (2) Pedestrian crossing protection and vehicle safety resulting from the traffic signal benefit all users of the intersection, including drivers, bicyclists, transit riders, and pedestrians who are not associated with any assessed parcel, and (3) Traffic signal improves emergency vehicle routing and response time, a benefit shared by the community as a whole. The ongoing cost to operate, service and maintain the traffic signals existed before the Appian Village development. However, the conditions of approval for the Appian Village development required one additional leg (2 poles/masts/signals) be added to the traffic signal at the intersection of Appian Way/Mann Drive to provide ingress/egress to Appian Village. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that the associated annual costs to operate, service and maintain the existing traffic signals would be considered 75% general benefit for the traffic signal at Appian Way/Mann Drive and 100% general benefit for the traffic signal at Appian Way/Canyon Drive.

Traffic Signal Upgrade Costs: The cost of upgrades to the traffic signal battery backup, video, controller & firmware occurred as a result of a condition of development of the Appian Villages development, however they also provide a benefit to the traffic passing thru the traffic signals traveling to other destinations. Additionally, Appian Way is an arterial roadway composed of two lanes in each direction. Roadway lights clearly provide a measure of general benefit to the public and to properties in general resulting from nighttime traffic safety and circulation on these primary streets. The lane immediately adjacent to the parcels is primarily used for local traffic, including accessing the project parcels, and confers a particular and distinct special benefit upon parcels within Appian Village LLAD. The thru lane, located nearest the median, is designated for traffic continuing past the parcels traveling to other destinations. The thru lane comprises 50% of the two lanes bordering the development. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that 50% of traffic signal upgrade costs are considered general benefit.

Summary – General Benefit Offset
All the General Benefit Offset amounts are summarized in Table 2 below:

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 14 Table 2
General Benefit Offset Summary

See additional amount of Benefit Offset in Special Benefit – Streetlighting (Parcels outside District) Offset Calculation.

Special Benefits by Improvement Type:

Special Benefit – Street Lighting
The operation, maintenance and servicing of lighting provides a special benefit to each and every assessable lot or parcel within the development or vicinity which is adjacent to such lighting resulting in: 1) improved safety and security of such lots or parcels, 2) contributes to the overall character and vitality of a community, 3) improved property access for such lots or parcels and traffic circulation by illuminating access after sunset, and 4) improved nighttime visibility by improving navigation, reducing accidents as well as aiding in attracting customers to commercial parcels.

Additionally, the street lighting improvements were installed as a condition of development for Appian Village LLAD and would not have been installed otherwise. Since these improvements were installed and are maintained especially for the benefit of properties within the District, all assessable properties in the District receive a special benefit and are assessed for the special benefits conferred by the improvements.

Special Benefit – Streetlighting (Parcels outside District) Offset Calculation A summary of the Special Benefit for Parcels Outside the District Offset calculation for streetlights on Canyon Drive is as follows:

Improvements Total Costs
General
Benefit %3 General Benefit Offset
Traffic Signal Annual Maintenance Costs - Appian Way/Mann Drive1 $7,398.00 75% $5,548.50 Traffic Signal Annual Maintenance Costs - Appian Way/Canyon Drive1$4,103.00 100% $4,103.00 Traffic Signal - Annual Capital Replacement Cost of Upgraded Equipment1 $16,642.86 50% $8,321.43
Traffic Signal General Benefit $17,972.93
Streetlighting - Appian Way2
$3,599.71 25% $899.93
$18,872.86
3 Refer to General Benefit discussion section.

Total General Benefit Offset 1
Refer to Table 7 - Traffic Signal Operation & Maintenance and Upgrade Costs. 2 Appian Way streetlighting operation & maintenance costs + annual service & repair costs. Refer to Table 5 - Streetlighting Costs.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 15 Five parcels (one commercial and four single family residences) outside the District benefit from the streetlights on Canyon Drive and are assigned to a benefit zone based on the 75-foot illumination pattern of each streetlight. The streetlights will illuminate each of the five parcels, therefore, each parcel receives special benefit from the streetlights. Parcels are grouped into a benefit zone based on the illumination benefit it receives, and a correlating benefit factor is assigned and the EBU calculated for each parcel.

The following graphic identifies the parcels illuminated by each streetlight on Canyon Drive, assigned benefit zones and the corresponding Benefit Factor:
1 See Applied Benefit Factor descriptions in Table 1
The Special Benefit for Parcels Outside the District offset is calculated in Table 6.

Equivalent Dwelling Units
A methodology, which takes into consideration the impact of land use and parcel size, has been developed and applied to The District. This methodology, called Equivalent Dwelling Units (EDUs), calculates the EDUs for each parcel where every land use is converted to EDUs based on the assessment formula appropriate for the City. Single Family Residential, which includes Condominiums, is defined as the basic unit for calculation of assessments and assigned 1 EDU per

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 16 parcel. Multi-Family Residential (Apartments and Mobile Home Parks) are converted to EDUs based on the number of dwelling units on each parcel. Commercial/Industrial, Parks, and certain Public Property, such as Schools, are converted to EDUs based on the lot size of each parcel of land. Vacant Property and Public Property are converted to EDUs based on actual use using the equivalent Land Use Category EDU factor. Property Owner Association and Exempt parcels are assigned zero EDUs.

The EDU method is seen as the most appropriate and equitable for streetlight and traffic signal maintenance districts, as the benefit to each parcel from the improvements are apportioned as a function of land use type and parcel size.

Parcel Classification
Residential:

Residential: Residential means a parcel for which a building permit has been issued permitting construction of one or more Residential dwelling units. Residential parcels shall be further classified as Single Family Residential.
 Single Family Residential (SFR): SFR means all parcels of residential property, other than Multi-Family Residential Property. The SFR parcel is the basic unit for calculation of the benefit assessments. Parcels designated as SFR land use will be assigned 1 EDU per dwelling unit, including vacant subdivided residential lots.
 Condominium/Townhome: Condominium means all parcels of developed property within a residential building or buildings comprised of dwelling units with each unit having individual ownership and assigned an individual assessor parcel number. Condominiums will be treated the same as SFR units. Therefore, parcels designated as Condominium/Townhome land use will be assigned 1 EDU per dwelling unit.

Non-Residential:

Non-Residential: Non-Residential means a parcel for which a building permit has been issued permitting construction of one or more Non-Residential structures. Non-Residential parcels shall be further classified as Commercial/Office/Industrial: Commercial/Office/Industrial means nonresidential parcels that are not Exempt, Public Property, Property Owners Association Property, or Vacant, and are used for retail, office, professional, medical, restaurant, government, institutional, financial, lodging, or other commercial/industrial related uses. These parcels are assigned EDUs based on acreage. In converting Commercial/Office/Industrial properties to EDUs, the factor used is the City of Pinole average single family residential density of 4.61 dwelling units per acre (as derived from the City of Pinole General Plan, Housing Element adopted in 2023, the total number of Single Family Residential (SFR) dwelling units in the City divided by the entire SFR area (acres) of the City)(5,056 SFR units / 1,097.04 acres = 4.61 dwelling units/acre). Therefore, the Commercial/Industrial parcels, including institutional uses, will be assigned 4.61 EDUs per acre.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 17 Special Benefiting Other Property:
 Parks: Parks will be assessed on parcel frontage, which is the approximate metric of the parcel typically benefiting from the Zone landscaping and streetlighting improvements. The typical frontage for a SFR is fifty (50) feet. Park parcels will be assessed 1 EDU for every fifty (50) feet of frontage.
 Schools: Schools will be assessed as 4.61 EDUs per acre for the portions of the parcel with building improvements. Playground and athletic fields will not be assessed as they are treated like Property Owners Association Property with no development potential.

Exempt Property and Vacant Property:
 Exempt: Exempt means any parcel dedicated as public streets, public avenues, public lanes, public roads, public drives, public courts, public alleys, public easements and rights-of-way, public greenbelts, parkways and that portion of public property that is not developed or used for business purposes similar to private commercial, industrial and institutional activities.

Also defined as Exempt parcels are utility rights-of-way, common areas (such as in condominium complexes), landlocked parcels and small parcels vacated by the City as these parcels have little or no development potential and do not benefit from the improvements.

These parcels are defined as having a zero EDU factor and, therefore, zero EDUs to be assessed.
 Vacant Property: Vacant Property means parcels with no improved structures, including agricultural and golf course parcels. Vacant parcels adjacent to streetlighting receive 25% of the benefit of fully developed commercial parcels. Therefore, Vacant parcels adjacent to streetlighting improvements are defined as having 1.15 (4.61 X 25%) EDU factor and, therefore, 1.15 EDUs for every acre to be assessed. Vacant parcels with approved subdivision maps filed on them will be assessed at the rate appropriate to their future designated use.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 18 Determination of Rate
A summary of Equivalent Dwelling Unit (EDU) rates is shown in Table 3:

TABLE 3
EDU Rates
Land Use Category
Basic
Unit
Equivalent Dwelling
Unit Factor EDU Rates
Residential:

Single Family Residential 1 DU X 1.00 = 1 EDU/DU
Condominium/Townhome 1 DU X 1.00 = 1 EDU/DU
Non-Residential:

Commercial/Office/Industrial
Per
Acre X 4.61 = 4.61 EDU/Acre
Schools Per
Acre X 4.61 =

4.61 EDU/Acre of developed
area (excludes playground
and athletic fields)
Public Property and Other Property:

Parks
1 EDU/50
feet
frontage
X Per Park Frontage = 1 EDU per 50 feet of
frontage
Exempt & Vacant Property:

Exempt N/A X 0.00 = 0.00 EDU/DU
Vacant/Agricultural/Golf
Course
Per
Acre X 1.15 = 1.15 EDU/Acre

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 19 Equivalent Benefit Units
EDUs quantify how much benefit a particular property or parcel receives relative to other properties in the assessment district. They allow for equitable cost distribution based on factors like property size, type, or usage, which influence the level of benefit from the improvement.

The EBU for each parcel is the product of the of the parcel’s EDUs multiplied by the Benefit Factor which equals the Equivalent Benefit Units for that parcel.

The following are the EDU and EBU calculations and Cost per EBU by improvement Type:

Table 4
EBU Calculation

Benefit Zones Acres
Dwelling
Units2
Equivalent
Dwelling Unit
(EDU) Factor 3
Equivalent
Dwelling
Units2 Benefit Factor3
Equivalent
Benefit Units
(EBUs)4 Benefit Zone 1 (Inside District)1
- 154 1.00 154.00 0.50 77.00
Benefit Zone 2 (Outside Zone)
401-271-001 (SFR)5
- 1 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.5
401-273-001 (SFR)5
- 1 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.5
401-273-002 (SFR)5
- 1 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.5
401-273-003 (SFR)5
- 1 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.5
401-273-048 (Commercial)6

1.75 0 4.61 8.07 1.00 8.07
Subtotal (Outside District) 1.75 4 12.07 10.07
Total EDU / EBU 1.75 158 166.07 87.07
4 Equivalent Benefit Units = Equivalent Dwelling Units times Benefit Factor. 5 Parcel is composed of single family residential land use which is located within the 75 foot illumination pattern of a streetlight on Canyon Drive and has an additional Benefit Factor of property access illuminated by the streetlight = .5 EBU Calculation
6 Parcel is composed of commercial land use which is located within the 75 foot illumination pattern of a streetlight on Canyon Drive and has an additional Benefit Factor of property access illuminated by the streetlight = 1. 1 Benefit Zone 1 is composed entirely of single family townhome parcels located inside District. 2 Parcels in Benefit Zone 1 (Inside District) are composed of parcels with multiple dwelling units (single-family owned 3 Refer to Benefit Factor Table in this report. 3
Refer to Equivalent Dwelling Unit Factors in Table 6.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 20 Table 5
Streetlighting Costs

Annual
Operation &
Maintenance
Costs1 Annual
Service /
Repair Costs2 Capital Reserves1 Administrative Costs3 Contingency4 Operating Reserve5Total Streetlighting
Appian Way $ 3,239.71 $ 360.00 $1,500.00 $2,500.00 $509.97 $509.97 $8,619.65 Canyon Drive $ 1,619.85 $ 180.00 $750.00 $2,500.00 $254.99 $254.99 $5,559.82 Total Cost $4,859.56 $540.00 $2,250.00 $5,000.00 $764.96 $764.96 $14,179.47 4 Contingency = 10% of the sum of Annual Energy Costs, Annual Service & Repair Costs and Capital Reserves.

Streetlighting Costs 1
Streetlight annual operation and maintenance cost and capital reserves from Annual Budget. 2 Streetlight annual service/repair costs, from Annual Budget, allocated based on Appian Way and Canyon Drive percentage of total operation & maintenance costs. 3
City Administrative overhead = $10,000 total budgeted administrative cost, from Annual Budget, is allocated 25% to each maintained improvement = $2,500. 5
Operating Reserve = 10% of the sum of Annual Energy Costs, Annual Service & Repair Costs and Capital Reserves.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 21 Table 6
Assessment per EBU Calculation – Streetlighting

Special Benefit – Traffic Signals
New development within the assessment boundary generates additional traffic that will rely on the signalized intersection for primary site access. The operation, maintenance and servicing of the existing traffic signals and installation of additional traffic signals provides a special benefit to each and every assessable lot or parcel within the development resulting in: 1) Improved safety of ingress and egress from such lots or parcels and 2) Improved traffic circulation by regulating traffic patterns and mitigating delays directly attributable to their generated trips.

Traffic Signal Operation and Maintenance: The conditions of approval for the Appian Village development require one additional leg (2 poles/masts/signals) to be installed at the Appian Way/Mann Drive traffic signal to provide ingress/egress to Appian Village. No changes were required for the Appian Way/Canyon Drive traffic signal. Therefore, we have allocated 25% special benefit for the traffic signal at Appian Way/Mann Drive and 100% general benefit for the traffic signal at Appian Way/Canyon Drive for traffic signal annual operation and maintenance. See the General Benefit – Traffic Signals section previously in this report.

Number of
EBUs Cost/EBU Cost
Costs - Streetlighting1 Appian Way $8,619.65
Canyon Drive $5,559.82
Total Costs - Streetlighting1
$14,179.47
Less: General Benefit Offset on Appian Way2
($899.93)
Total Special Benefit Cost - All Property $13,279.54
Portion of Special Benefit Cost Attributed to Condition of Development (50%) 77.00 $86.23 $6,639.77 Portion of Special Benefit Cost Attributed to all else (50%) 87.07 $76.26 $6,639.77 Special Benefit parcels outside of District2
$76.26 $767.92 10.07
Assessment Summary
Total Costs - Streetlighting $14,179.47
Less: General Benefit Offset2
($899.93)
Less: Special Benefit parcels outside of District ($767.92) Total Special Benefit Assessment to District $12,511.62 Total District EBUs3

77.00 Special Benefit Assessment per EBU - Streetlighting $162.49 Assessment Per EBU - Streetlighting
1 Refer to Table 5 - Streetlighting Costs. 2
Refer to General Benefit Offset Summary. 3
Refer to Table 4 - EBU Calculation.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 22 Traffic Signal Upgrades: The traffic signal upgrades were a condition of approval for the Appian Village development. Additionally, the cost for the traffic signal upgrades to the traffic signal battery backup, video, controller & firmware benefit the Appian Village development as they access the development.. Therefore, we have allocated 50% general benefit and 50% special benefit to the traffic signal upgrades. See the General Benefit – Traffic Signals section previously in this report.

The following details the annual traffic signal operating and maintenance costs and traffic signal upgrade costs (capital reserves) for ultimate replacement of traffic signal facilities and cost per EBU calculation for the traffic signals on Appian Way/Mann Drive and Appian Way/Canyon Drive:

Table 7
Traffic Signal Operation & Maintenance and Upgrade Costs

Annual
Operation &
Maintenance
Costs1
Traffic Signal
Upgrades -
Capital
Reserves2 Administrative Costs3 Contingency4 Operating Reserve5Total Traffic Signal
at Appian Way/Mann Drive $7,398.00 $7,428.57 $2,500.00 $1,482.66 $1,482.66 $20,291.89 at Appian Way/Canyon Drive $4,103.00 $9,214.29 $2,500.00 $1,331.73 $1,331.73 $18,480.74 Total Costs $11,501.00 $16,642.86 $5,000.00 $2,814.39 $2,814.39 $38,772.63 Traffic Signal Operation & Maintenance and Upgrades Costs 2 Capital Reserves for Traffic Signal Upgrades: Traffic Signal Upgrade (Battery Backup/Video/Controller & Firmware) costs provided by City ($52,000 Appian Way/Mann Drive and $47,000 Appian Way/Canyon Drive) divided by useful life of 7 years. 1 Traffic Signal annual operation and maintenance costs provided by the City of Pinole - from Annual Budget. 3 City Admininstrative = $10,000 total budgeted administrative overhead cost, from Annual Budget, is allocated 25% to each maintained improvement = $2,500. 4
Contingency = 10% of Capital Reserves and Annual Maintenance Costs. 5 Operating Reserve = 10% of Capital Reserves and Annual Maintenance Costs.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 23 Table 8
Assessment per EBU Calculation – Traffic Signal Operation & Maintenance and Upgrades

B. Annual Assessment
The Method of Apportionment of the Assessment is based upon the relative special benefit derived from the improvements and conferred upon the assessable real property within the District over and above general benefit conferred upon the assessable real property within the District or to the public at large. The assessment for each assessable parcel within the District is calculated as follows: Each parcel currently within the District will be placed into one of the designated categories by land use.

Using the EDU factor for the applicable land use category in Table 3 above, multiply the EDU factor rate by the number of Basic Units for each parcel to determine the number of EDUs for that parcel. A Benefit Factor is then multiplied by the number of EDUs to calculate the Equivalent Benefit Units (EBUs).

Once the total costs and the total number of EBUs associated with all parcels within the District are determined, the total costs are divided by the total EBUs to determine an assessment rate for each EBU in the District.

Total Zone Costs ÷ Total Number of EBUs in Zone = Zone Assessment Rate per EBU Each individual parcel’s assessment will then be determined by multiplying the District assessment rate by the parcel’s total EBUs.

Zone Assessment Rate per EBU x Parcel’s Total EBUs = Parcel’s Annual Assessment The maximum assessment rate is subject to a cost-of-living increase as explained in the Maximum Assessment Methodology section below.

Costs - Traffic Signals1
Appian Way/Mann Drive $20,291.89
Appian Way/Canyon Drive $18,480.74
Total Costs - Traffic Signals1
$38,772.63
Less: General Benefit Offset2
($17,972.93)
Total Special Benefit Assessment $20,799.70
Total District EBUs3

77.00 Special Benefit Assessment per EBU - Streetlighting $270.13 2 Refer to General Benefit Offset Summary. 3
Refer to Table 4 - EBU Calculation.

Assessment Per EBU - Traffic Signal Operation & Maintenance and Upgrades 1 Refer to Traffic Signal Upgrade Costs - Table 6.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 24 Summary
In summary, no property is assessed in excess of the reasonable cost of the proportional special benefit conferred on that property. The special benefit proportionate share of the costs and expenses for the provision of streetlighting and traffic signals as well as costs and expenses for the maintenance of the streetlighting and traffic signals are apportioned on an EBU basis and assessed only for special and direct benefits. The general benefit and special benefit for parcels outside the district will be funded by the City General Fund or other financial sources.

C. Maximum Assessment Methodology
The purpose of establishing a Maximum Assessment formula is to provide for reasonable increases and inflationary adjustments to annual assessments without requiring costly noticing and mailing procedures, which would add to the District costs and assessments.

The following are the Cost per EBU and Total Cost/Max Assessment by improvement Type summarized:

Table 9
Total Assessment/Max Assessment Summary

The Maximum Assessment formula shall be applied to all assessable parcels of land within the District.
 For Appian Village LLAD, the initial Maximum Assessment for Fiscal Year 2025-2026 shall be a total of $33,311.33 or $432.62 per EBU as detailed in Part III.

The initial Maximum Assessment is subject to an annual inflator starting in Fiscal Year 2026-2027.

The initial Maximum Assessment may be adjusted by the greater of four percent (4%) per year or the cumulative percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index for all Urban Consumers for (“CPI-U”) Improvement
Assessment per
EBU EBUs4
Total
Assessment/Max
Assessment1
Streetlighting Cost2 $ 162.49 77.00 12,511.62 $
Trafffic Signal Cost3 $ 270.13 77.00 20,799.71 $
Total Assessment/Max Assessment $ 432.62 $ 33,311.33
1 Includes effect for rounding.
4 Refer to Table 4 - EBU Calculation.

Total Assessment/Max Assessment
3 Refer to Table 8 - Assessment per EBU Calculation – Traffic Signal Operation & Maintenance and Upgrade Costs .
2 Refer to Table 6 - Assessment per EBU Calculation – Streetlighting.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 25 for the San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose California Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (“Index”) published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States Department of Labor. The annual CPIU adjustment will be based on the cumulative increase, if any, in the Index as it stands in March of each year over the base Index of 2025.

The Maximum Assessment is adjusted annually and is calculated independent of the Appian Village LLAD annual budget and proposed annual assessment. The annual assessment (rate per equivalent dwelling unit) applied in any fiscal year is not considered to be an increased assessment if less than or equal to the Maximum Assessment amount for that fiscal year. In no case shall the annual assessment exceed the Maximum Assessment.

Although the Maximum Assessment will increase each year, the actual Appian Village LLAD assessments may remain virtually unchanged. The Maximum Assessment adjustment is designed to establish a reasonable limit on Appian Village LLAD assessments. The Maximum Assessment calculated each year does not require the annual assessment be raised to the adjusted maximum but can be less than maximum. If the budget and assessments for the fiscal year require an increase to an amount greater than the adjusted Maximum Assessment, it is considered an increased assessment.

To impose an increase greater than the annually adjusted maximum assessment, the City of Pinole must comply with the provisions of California Constitution Articles XIII C and XIII D, which require a public hearing and certain protest procedures including mailed notice of the public hearing and property owner protest balloting. Through the balloting process, property owners must approve the proposed maximum assessment increase. If the proposed change is approved, then a new Maximum Assessment is established for Appian Village LLAD. If the proposed change is not approved, the City may not levy an assessment greater than the annually adjusted Maximum Assessment previously established for Appian Village LLAD.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 26 PART IV – ASSESSMENT DIAGRAM/BOUNDARY MAP
Part IV – Assessment Diagram/Boundary Map
Fiscal Year 2025-2026 Appian Village LLAD
The Assessment Diagram/Boundary Map for Appian Village LLAD by this reference is incorporated and made a part of this Report. Only the parcels identified within the Appian Village LLAD Assessment Diagram/Boundary Map are within said boundary.

If any parcel submitted for collection is identified by the County Auditor-Controller to be an invalid parcel number for the current fiscal year, a corrected parcel number and/or new parcel number (or numbers) will be identified and resubmitted to the County Auditor-Controller. The assessment amount to be levied and collected for the resubmitted parcel and/or new parcel number(s) shall be based on the method of apportionment and the assessment rate as defined in this Report. Therefore, if a single parcel has changed to multiple parcels, the assessment amount applied to each of the new parcels shall be recalculated and applied according to the approved method of apportionment and the assessment rate rather than as a proportionate share of the original assessment.

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 27

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 28

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 29 PART V – ASSESSMENT ROLL
Parcel identification for each lot/unit or parcel within Appian Village LLAD shall be the parcel as shown on the Contra Costa County Secured Roll for the year in which this Report is prepared and reflective of the Assessor’s Parcel Map. Appian Village LLAD includes the following APNs as of the date of this Report:
401-500-001 401-500-010 401-500-019 401-510-005
401-500-002 401-500-011 401-500-020 401-510-006
401-500-003 401-500-012 401-500-021 401-510-007
401-500-004 401-500-013 401-500-022 401-510-008
401-500-005 401-500-014 401-500-023 401-510-009
401-500-006 401-500-015 401-510-001 401-510-010
401-500-007 401-500-016 401-510-002 401-510-011
401-500-008 401-500-017 401-510-003 401-510-012
401-500-009 401-500-018 401-510-004
The initial Maximum Assessment for each parcel will be as follows1:

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Engineer’s Report
City of Pinole
Appian Village Landscape and Lighting Assessment District 30 APPIAN VILLAGE LANDSCAPE AND LIGHTING ASSESSMENT DISTRICT PROPOSED FISCAL YEAR 2025-2026 MAXIMUM ASSESSMENT

1 The Actual Assessment for each Assessable Parcel, when submitted to the tax roll, will be rounded to even pennies, as required by the Contra Costa County Auditor-Controller to allow for the equal division of 2 installment payments on the property tax bill.
2 The initial Maximum Assessment may be adjusted annually by the greater of four percent (4%) per year, or the cumulative percentage increase in the CPI-U, if any, as it stands in March of each year over the base Index of 2025. 3 Max Assessment includes effect for rounding.

Assessor Parcel Number EBU's Rate per EBU Max Assessment1,2,3 401-500-001 4.00 $ 432.61 $ 1,730.46
401-500-002 4.00 $ 432.61 $ 1,730.46
401-500-003 5.00 $ 432.61 $ 2,163.08
401-500-004 5.00 $ 432.61 $ 2,163.08
401-500-005 2.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,081.54
401-500-006 2.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,081.54
401-500-007 2.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,081.54
401-500-008 2.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,081.54
401-500-009 2.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,081.54
401-500-010 2.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,081.54
401-500-011 2.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,081.54
401-500-012 3.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,514.16
401-500-013 3.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,514.16
401-500-014 2.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,081.54
401-500-015 2.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,081.54
401-500-016 3.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,514.16
401-500-017 2.00 $ 432.61 $ 865.23
401-500-018 2.00 $ 432.61 $ 865.23
401-510-001 4.00 $ 432.61 $ 1,730.46
401-510-002 5.00 $ 432.61 $ 2,163.08
401-510-003 2.00 $ 432.61 $ 865.23
401-510-004 2.00 432.61 $ 865.23 $
401-510-005 2.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,081.54
401-510-006 2.00 $ 432.61 $ 865.23
401-510-007 2.00 $ 432.61 $ 865.23
401-510-008 2.50 $ 432.61 $ 1,081.54
Rounding $ (0.09)
Total 77.00 $ 33,311.33

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CITY COUNCIL
REPORT 10.B.

DATE: JANUARY 20, 2026
TO: MAYOR AND COUNCIL MEMBERS
FROM: David Hanham, Planning Manager, 510-724-9842, [email protected] SUBJECT: ADOPTION OF THE SAFETY ELEMENT AND HEALTH AND

ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE ELEMENT

RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that the City Council adopt a Resolution approving the updated Safety Element and new Health and Environmental Justice Element of of the City of Pinole's General Plan and a Notice of Exemption.

BACKGROUND
A General Plan is a legally required policy document for all jurisdictions in California and includes the community’s vision for future growth. California state law requires each jurisdiction to address seven mandated topics in the General Plan: Land Use, Circulation, Housing, Conservation, Open Space, Noise, and Safety. In Contra Costa County, all jurisdictions are also required to address Growth Management. Cities and counties that have identified disadvantaged communities must also address environmental justice in their General Plans, including air quality. General Plans are organized by topic in what are called “elements.” There is no requirement that a general plan be organized into separate elements; a jurisdiction may organize its General Plan in any format, including consolidated elements, so long as all the relevant statutory issues are addressed, and the document is internally consistent.

The updated Safety Element, which is the former Health and Safety Element, and a new Health and Environmental Justice Element are two General Plan Elements that must be addressed by the City of Pinole, as required by State law. State law requires jurisdictions to review and update their Safety Element after the completion of the Housing Element Update.

Recent State legislation has expanded Safety Element requirements:
• SB 379 (2015): Requires Safety Elements to address climate adaptation and resilience strategies, consistent with the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP). • SB 1000 (2016): Requires local jurisdictions with disadvantaged communities to integrate an Environmental Justice (EJ) Element, or equivalent policies, into their General Plans.
• AB 2140 (2006): Encourages cities to adopt the LHMP by reference into their General Plan, making them eligible for additional disaster recovery funding. • AB 747 (2019) and SB 99 (2019): Require jurisdictions to analyze evacuation routes for adequacy under emergency conditions.

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New state law also requires jurisdictions to adopt an Environmental Justice (EJ) Element (or EJ related goals, policies, and objectives integrated in other elements), if the City identifies as a “disadvantaged community” and if the jurisdiction is updating two or more elements concurrently. Since the City has updated the Housing Element and at the same time initiated an update to the Health and Safety Element, the City is required by State Law to add the EJ Element. “Disadvantaged communities” are defined as areas identified by the California Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to Section 39711 of the Health and Safety Code or a low-income area that is disproportionately affected by environmental pollution and other hazards that can lead to negative health effects, exposure, or environmental degradation.

The following is a brief overview of the process followed to update the Safety and Environmental Justice Element:

A General Plan is a legally required policy document for all jurisdictions in California and contains the community’s vision for future growth. California state law requires each jurisdiction to address seven mandated topics in the General Plan: Land Use, Circulation, Housing, Conservation, Open Space, Noise, and Safety. In Contra Costa County, all jurisdictions are also required to address Growth Management. Cities and counties that have identified disadvantaged communities must also address environmental justice in their General Plans, including air quality. General Plans are organized by topic in what are called “elements.” There is no requirement that a general plan be organized into separate elements; a jurisdiction may organize its General Plan in any format, including consolidated elements, so long as all the relevant statutory issues are addressed, and the document is internally consistent.

The Safety Element and Environmental Justice Element are two General Plan Elements that must be addressed by the City of Pinole, as required by State law. State law requires jurisdictions to review and update their Safety Element after the completion of the Housing Element Update. Recent State legislation has expanded Safety Element requirements:
• SB 379 (2015): Requires Safety Elements to address climate adaptation and resilience strategies, consistent with the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP). • SB 1000 (2016): Requires local jurisdictions with disadvantaged communities to integrate an Environmental Justice (EJ) Element, or equivalent policies, into their General Plans.
• AB 2140 (2006): Encourages cities to adopt the LHMP by reference into their General Plan, making them eligible for additional disaster recovery funding. • AB 747 (2019) and SB 99 (2019): Require jurisdictions to analyze evacuation routes for adequacy under emergency conditions
New state law also requires jurisdictions to adopt an Environmental Justice (EJ) Element (or EJ related goals, policies, and objectives integrated in other elements), if the City identifies as a “disadvantaged community” and if the jurisdiction is updating two or more elements concurrently. Since the City has updated the Housing Element and is in the process of updating the Safety Element, the City is required by State Law to add the EJ Element. “Disadvantaged communities” are defined as areas identified by the California Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to Section 39711 of the Health and Safety Code or a low-income area that is disproportionately affected by environmental pollution and other hazards that can lead to negative health effects, exposure, or environmental degradation.

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The following is a brief overview of the process followed to update the Safety and Environmental Justice Element:

The City of Pinole’s current Safety Element was last comprehensively updated in 2010. Since that time, State law, regional hazard mapping, and community priorities have evolved significantly.

The following is a brief overview of the community engagement process used to update the Safety Element and create a new Health and Environmental Justice Element:
• On March 22, 2022, the City Council received an introduction to the Land Use Planning for Pinole process, which included an update to the Housing Element as well as the existing Health and Safety Element and a new Environmental Justice Element. • A multilingual (English, Tagalog, Cantonese, and Spanish) online community survey was released and heavily promoted through email list notification, project website, flyers, postcards, social media posts, banners, stakeholder interviews, and community workshops. 149 community members took the survey.
• On May 11, 2022, the first community workshop was held. • On June 9, 2022, the second community workshop was held. • On July 13, 2022, the City Council and Planning Commission held a special joint meeting to receive a comprehensive status update.
• On January 17, 2023 the Housing Element was adopted by the City; revisions occurred in both April 2023 and June 2023.
• On September 7, 2023, the Contra Costa County Office of Emergency Services kicked off the County-wide Multi-Jurisdiction Hazard Mitigation Plan update process. The plan was approved on September 18, 2024. This plan is required by AB2140 to be adopted and referenced in the City’s Safety Element by reference. • In February 2025, Cal FIRE announced revised Local Responsibility Area maps illustrating updates to the Fire Hazard Severity Zone for Contra Costa County. Revised maps for the City of Pinole were released on February 24, 2025. Map revisions included the elimination of Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones within the jurisdiction, but an expansion of Moderate Fire Hazard Severity Zones. This change required revisions within the draft Safety Element for consistency.
• In March 2025, the draft Safety Element was revised to reflect the updated Fire Hazard Severity Zones published by Cal FIRE.
• On August 27, 2025, the Safety Element Update and Environmental Justice Element were presented at a community outreach meeting in the early evening at the Library.

Participants had the opportunity to ask questions about both elements and participate in a policy prioritization exercise.
• Draft Safety and Health and Environmental Justice Elements were published for public review between September 12, 2025, and September 22, 2025. • On September 22, 2025, the Planning Commission reviewed the Safety and Health and EJ Elements and included recommended changes to the City Council. The Planning Commission's adopted Resolution is provided as Attachment D and the adopted minutes of the Planning Commission meeting are included as Attachment E of this report.

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REVIEW AND ANALYSIS
The Safety and Health Element of the General Plan (Chapter 9) was last updated in 2010 as one element. Chapter 9 of the General Plan discussed goals, policies, and action items. As mentioned above, there have been a number of legislative actions that require the City to update the Health and Safety Element and create the Environmental Justice Element. Early on in the process it was determined to integrate the Health policies of the Safety Element into the Environmental Justice Element, leaving a standalone Safety Element. The development of the Environmental Justice Element using CalEnviroScreen 4.0, identified portions of census tracts 3922.02 and 3640.02 in Pinole that meet State criteria for disadvantaged communities. The draft Safety and Health and Environmental Justice Element update addresses the following focus areas:

Safety Element Focus Areas:

1. Geologic and Seismic Hazards
• Mapping of seismic hazard areas near the Hayward and Concord faults. • Policies requiring new development to adhere to the most recent California Building Code seismic standards.
• Siting restrictions and hazard avoidance strategies in liquefaction and landslide zones.

2. Flooding and Sea-Level Rise
• FEMA-designated floodplains and sea-level rise exposure areas along San Pablo Bay. • Policies requiring flood-resilient design for new and substantially improved structures. • Long-term adaptation strategies, including shoreline protection and green infrastructure.

3. Wildfire Hazards and Evacuation
• Identification of Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) zones in the Pinole hills. • Coordination with Contra Costa County Fire Protection District on vegetation management and defensible space.
• Evacuation route analysis is consistent with AB 747 and SB 99.

4. Climate Change and Resilience
• Integration of the City’s Climate Action Plan strategies into the Safety Element. • Public health focuses on extreme heat, smoke events, and drought. • Resilience upgrades such as community cooling centers and backup power for critical facilities.

Environmental Justice Element Focus Areas
The CalEnviroScreen 4.0 model is based on pollution burden and population characteristics, which contribute to cumulative impacts. Pollution burden is made up of two components –

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exposures and environmental effects. Population characteristics are made up of sensitive populations and socioeconomic factors. Each of these components (i.e., exposures, environmental effects, sensitive populations, and socioeconomic factors) is determined by 21 statewide indicators. Scoring for the CalEnviroScreen 4.0 model uses percentiles for each of the indicators in a given geographic area. The percentile represents a relative score for the indicators as compared to the State of California. Thus, the results for each indicator range from 0 to 100 and represent the percentile ranking. A percentile of 100 means that a particular indicator for that area is among the highest within California; a ranking of 0 would be the lowest. A percent ranking of 50 is the average score for any indicator in California. Tables 4-8 in the Environmental Justice Element show the City of PInole's disadvantaged communities' scores from the CalEnviroScreen results. Polices and Programs were developed to accommodate the City's disadvantaged communities.

Planning Commission Recommendations:

As stated above, the Planning Commission at its regular meeting on September 22, 2025, reviewed and approved the Safety and Environmental Justice Elements. As a part of that approval, the Planning Commission made recommendations for policy changes for the City Council to review and approve. Staff have outlined the modifications of the Safety and Health and Environmental Justice Elements in Table 1 of this report. Pages 2–15 of the Planning Commission Minutes (Attachment E), show the detailed discussion of the Safety and Health and Environmental Justice Elements.

TABLE 1 – PLANNING COMMISSION RECOMMENDATIONS OF ACTION ITEMS FOR THE SAFETY AND HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ELEMENTS.

Action Item Recommended by Planning Commission
Safety Element
Action SE 2.1.3 Maintain, expand, and secure the network of surveillance cameras in the community to
discourage and help investigate criminal activity
based on Pinole Police Department advice and
experience while ensuring security protocols are
administered.

Action SE 1.11.4 Should development be located in Moderate, High, Fire Hazard Severity Zone, then they must maintain
certain defensible space through specific fuel
modification (brush clearing) and required to be
built to the current California Building Code and
Fire Code.

Action SE 3.1.5 Explore restoring the CERT program and
conducting annual tabletop exercises and
community drills and partner with other jurisdictions
in the County on the CERT program.

Action 1.9.10, Based on discussion with the Construct an emergency access egress road

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Public Works Department on this item and the
timetable that this action could take, the City
wants to keep this option available
extending from Galbreth Road to South Rancho
Road and a fire access gate to be opened by
emergency responders and explore the possibility
of making this a permanent public road.

Environmental Justice Element
EJ 1.5.6 Encourage the development of a medical center, emergency room, urgent care, or other hospital
uses within the City of Pinole.

EJ 2.1.3 Prohibit development in areas that are particularly susceptible to erosion and sediment loss that can’t
be mitigated through standard engineering
practices.

EJ 2.2.4 Establish a protocol for reducing the use of
pesticides within public spaces maintained by the
City
EJ 4.4.3 Ensure that future improvements in the Impacted Community will not produce negative impacts
unless mitigated, on existing residents, such as an
increase in pollution exposure, net loss of
affordable housing, or displacement of residents
EJ 1.2.1 Collaborate with school districts and other entities to form joint use of facility agreements for the use
of pools, sports, and recreation facilities.

EJ 1.5.1 Encourage local health care providers to locate health care services and facilities and provide
adequate staffing to ensure equitable accessibility
to such facilities.

California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)
The Safety Element and Environmental Justice Element Update is exempt from review under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15061(b)(3) (the “common sense” exemption), as it can be determined with certainty that there is no possibility the proposed action may result in a significant effect on the environment.

FISCAL IMPACT
There is no fiscal impact associated with the receiving of this report and adopting a new Safety Element and Health and Environmental Justice Element. Individual action items may have a fiscal impact as they are implemented, which will be budgeted appropriately.

ATTACHMENTS
A. Resolution
B. Safety Element - Draft
C. Health & EJ Element - Draft
D. Final Resolution 25-09 Safety and EJ Element Sept 17 2025 E. Final PC Minutes 9.22.25

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RESOLUTION NO. 2026-XX

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PINOLE APPROVING THE GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT 25-01 FOR THE ADOPTION OF THE SAFETY ELEMENT

AND HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE ELEMENT AND APPROVAL OF THE CEQA EXEMPTION PURSUANT TO CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15061 (b)(3) THE 2023-2031

HOUSING ELEMENT
WHEREAS, California Government Code Sections 65580-65589.8 require amendment of the City’s current General Plan Housing Element to address the assigned housing needs of current and future City residents; and
WHEREAS, on March 22, 2022, the City Council received an introduction to the Land Use Planning for Pinole process, which included the Housing Element Update as well as updates to the existing Health and Safety Element and preparation of a new Environmental Justice Element; and
WHEREAS, from March through July 2022 the City conducted extensive public outreach, which included creating a housing element update website, posting a multilingual survey, conducting a focus group, stakeholder interviews, and two virtual community workshops, and advertisements of engagement opportunities and information through social media, email, notifications in the City’s bi-weekly reports, mailed postcards, flyers, community TV advertisements, and banners posted throughout the city; and WHEREAS, on July 13, 2022, the City Council and Planning Commission held a special joint meeting to receive a comprehensive status update of the project; and WHEREAS, on October 17, 2022, the public review draft of the Housing Element was released for public review and comment, with a digital copy available through the City’s webpage, which links to the dedicated General Plan Update, and a hardcopy available at City Hall; and WHEREAS, on September 12, 2025, the public review draft of the Safety and Environmental Justice Elements was released for public review and comment, with a digital copy available through the City’s webpage, which links to the dedicated General Plan Update, and a hard copy available at City Hall; and
WHEREAS, revisions to the draft Safety and Environmental Justice Elements were made with consideration of updated approved projects information and feedback received through the public comment period, the Planning Commission meeting, and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission held a duly noticed public hearing on September 22, 2025, and recommended that the City Council approve General Plan Amendment 25-01 to adopt the Safety and Environmental Justice Element, attached as Exhibit A and B, to repeal and replace the existing Health and Safety Element of the General Plan, and approve the CEQA Exemption; and
WHEREAS the City Council held a duly noticed public hearing on January 20, 2026, and considered the presentation, staff report, and related background documents and materials, as well as the testimony of all persons speaking or providing information on this matter.

NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Pinole hereby

ATTACHMENT A

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PAGE 2
approves General Plan Amendment 25-01 to adopt the 2026 Safety Element and Health and Environmental Justice Element, attached as Exhibit A and B, to repeal and replace the existing Health and Safety Element of the General Plan, and approve the CEQA Exemption, based on the following determinations:

1. The above information within this resolution is true and correct; and

2. The Safety and Environmental Justice Element Update qualifies for a California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Exemption under CEQA Guidelines section 15061(b)(3); and

3. The amendments to the City’s General Plan Safety and Environmental Justice Elements are consistent with applicable provisions of State law.

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Pinole hereby authorizes the City Manager, or designee, to make iterative revisions to the 2026 Safety Element and Health and Environmental Justice Elements, as necessary to correct any clerical errors.

PASSED AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Pinole on this 20th day of January 2026, by the following vote:

AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

NOES: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBERS:

ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBERS:
_______________________________
Heather Bell-Spears, CMC
City Clerk

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CITY OF PINOLE

SAFETY ELEMENT

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

FOR COUNCIL REVIEW

AND ADOPTION
JANUARY 2026

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Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................ 3

1.1 Relationship to Other Documents................................................................................. 3

1.2 Integration of Hazard Mitigation Plan (Assembly Bill 2140)........................................ 4 2 NATURAL AND MAN-MADE HAZARDS ANALYSIS ......................................................... 5

2.1 Existing Conditions ......................................................................................................... 5

2.1.1 Planning Area ........................................................................................................................5

2.2 Geologic Hazards ............................................................................................................ 5

2.2.1 Seismic Hazards ....................................................................................................................8

2.2.2 Landslides ............................................................................................................................16

2.2.3 Subsidence ...........................................................................................................................18

2.2.4 Expansive Soils ....................................................................................................................18

2.2.5 Tsunamis and Seiches ........................................................................................................20

2.3 Fire Hazards................................................................................................................... 22

2.3.1 Wildland Fires ......................................................................................................................22

2.3.2 Fire Hazard Severity Zones ................................................................................................22

2.4 Flooding ......................................................................................................................... 25

2.4.1 Major Sources of Flooding .................................................................................................25

2.4.2 Dam Inundation..................................................................................................................28

2.4.3 Drainage System .................................................................................................................31

2.5 Climate Change Resiliency ........................................................................................... 31

2.5.1 Climate Change Snapshot..................................................................................................31

2.5.2 Sea Level Rise.......................................................................................................................32

2.5.3 Resilience..............................................................................................................................34

2.5.4 Vulnerability Assessment Summary..................................................................................34

2.5.5 Sustainability Element........................................................................................................34

2.5.6 Climate Action and Adaptation Plan ................................................................................35

2.6 Drought.......................................................................................................................... 39

2.6.1 Drought Severity..................................................................................................................40

2.6.2 Water Supply .......................................................................................................................42

2.6.3 California Drought History.................................................................................................44

2.7 Hazardous Materials..................................................................................................... 46

2.7.1 Hazardous Materials Incidents .........................................................................................46

2.7.2 Transportation of Hazardous Materials ..........................................................................46

2.7.3 Hazardous Materials Sites .................................................................................................47

2.7.4 Hazardous Materials Area Plan ........................................................................................48

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2.8 Emergency Planning/Response ................................................................................... 50

2.8.1 Emergency Operations Plan ..............................................................................................50

2.8.2 Emergency Preparedness Program ..................................................................................50

2.8.3 Public Safety Services .........................................................................................................51

2.8.4 Evacuation Routes...............................................................................................................52 3 GOALS, POLICY, AND ACTION ITEMS ........................................................................... 59 List of Figures
Figure 1: Geology................................................................................................................................................7 Figure 2: Regional Fault Locations Map.........................................................................................................11 Figure 3: Local Fault Locations Map...............................................................................................................12 Figure 4 Shake Potential Map.........................................................................................................................14 Figure 5: Liquefaction Zones...........................................................................................................................15 Figure 6: Landslide Areas ................................................................................................................................17 Figure 7: Soils ....................................................................................................................................................19 Figure 8: Tsunami Map ....................................................................................................................................21 Figure 9: Fire Hazard Severity Zone ...............................................................................................................24 Figure 10: FEMA Flood Zones..........................................................................................................................27 Figure 11: Reservoir Inundation.....................................................................................................................29 Figure 12: Maloney Reservoir Breach............................................................................................................30 Figure 13: Sea Level Rise .................................................................................................................................33 Figure 14: Critical Facilities Map .....................................................................................................................36 Figure 16: Drought Monitor Map ...................................................................................................................41 Figure 15: EBMUD’s short- and long-term supplemental supply portfolio ..............................................42 Figure 17: Hazardous Materials Sites ............................................................................................................49 Figure 18: Evacuation Routes .........................................................................................................................53 Figure 19: Neighborhood Access to Evacuation Routes .............................................................................54 Figure 20: Zonehaven Evacuation Zones ......................................................................................................56 Figure 21: Evacuation Zone Centroids & Evacuation Gateways.................................................................57 List of Tables
Table 1: Geology .................................................................................................................................................6 Table 2: Local Climate Change Snapshot......................................................................................................32 Table 3: California Coastal Commission Sea Level Rise Projections .........................................................33 Table 4: Critical Facilities .................................................................................................................................37 Table 5: Drought Severity Classification........................................................................................................40 Table 6: Historical Droughts............................................................................................................................45 Table 7: Hazardous Materials Sites................................................................................................................48 Table 8: Travel Time Estimates Summary .....................................................................................................55

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1 Introduction
A community's safety and well-being can be influenced by many natural and human-caused hazards. The Safety Element is a mandatory chapter of a jurisdiction's General Plan, as required by California Government Code Section 65302, and addresses the need to protect citizens from risks associated with natural and human-caused hazards. Natural hazards constitute natural phenomena and include naturally occurring events like geologic and seismic activity, wildfire, flooding, and drought. Conversely, human-caused hazards are hazardous events that are caused by human activity. Human-caused hazards may include hazardous materials spills, terrorism, sabotage, crime, and human-caused health crises or fires.

These hazards have the potential to cause serious impacts on the City and its residents. The Safety Element contains goals, policies, and actions to reduce the potential short- and longterm risk of death, injuries, property damage, economic damage, and social dislocation associated with hazards. The City of Pinole's response to these issues will determine its success in maintaining and attracting residents and businesses. Pinole will address safety issues comprehensively to ensure an enjoyable, safe, and healthy environment for Pinole's residents, workforce, and visitors.

1.1 Relationship with Other Documents
The Safety Element works jointly with other General Plan elements and planning documents and is implemented by several City departments through goals, policies, and implementation methods. The Safety Element relates to nearly every General Plan element but most closely relates to the Community Services and Facilities Element, Land Use and Economic Development Element, and the Sustainability Element. Additionally, the Safety Element relates to other planning documents, including the Pinole Emergency Operations Plan (EOP), Climate Action and Adaptation Plan (CAAP), and Contra Costa County’s Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation (MJHMP).

The Community Services and Facilities Element outlines how new development under the General Plan will affect the City's ability to provide adequate community services and facilities. This element concerns the public infrastructure and facilities that support community functions and allow for the growth of the community. The function of community services and facilities is essential to a well-developed response to hazards and safety risks.

The Land Use and Economic Development Element provides the central framework for the General Plan and serves as a compass to guide the public, planners, decision-makers, and City staff on the desired pattern of development in Pinole. Development is linked to safety as it provides an opportunity to design and guide the growth of the City with hazards and safety in mind.

The Sustainability Element supports land use patterns and programs that will enhance opportunities to improve both ecological conditions and the local economy and provide jobs, housing, education, recreation, and transportation opportunities. The Sustainability Element

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works in conjunction with the Safety Element and links land use, environmental protection, and economic development to ensure a safe community.

The EOP provides guidance for the City of Pinole's response to extraordinary emergency situations associated with natural disasters and human-caused hazard events. Taken with the Safety Element, the EOP is a critical planning document that ensures the City is adequately prepared to respond to extreme hazard events. The Safety element integrates the EOP into the Safety Element.

The CAAP outlines the city’s approach to address climate impacts and reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It serves as a comprehensive planning document to reduce City’s GHG footprint and to enhance community resilience and protect physical assets from the impacts of climate change. The Safety Element discusses climate change resilience strategies and integrates CAAP into the Safety Element.

1.2 Integration of Hazard Mitigation Plan (Assembly Bill 2140) The City of Pinole is a jurisdictional partner in Contra Costa County’s Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (MJHMP). The MJHMP identifies ways to minimize damage from natural and human-caused disasters. The plan is a resource for hazard management, state and federal program requirements, local hazard mitigation capability, and inter-jurisdictional coordination.

The County’s MJHMP was revised in 2024 to include recent hazards and mitigation measures.

It was crafted in accordance with the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 and followed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) 2023 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan guidance. The MJHMP incorporates a process where hazards are identified and profiled, the people and facilities at risk are analyzed, and mitigation actions are developed to reduce or eliminate hazard risk. The implementation of these mitigation actions, which include both short- and long-term strategies, involve planning, policy changes, programs, projects, and other activities.

The MJHMP is fully integrated into the Safety Element and the City of Pinole Annex may be found at this location: https://www.contracosta.ca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/82607/Cityof-Pinole-Annex-2024-HMP

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2 Natural and Man-made Hazards Analysis

2.1 Existing Conditions
An analysis of existing conditions is one of the primary steps in the process of updating the City of Pinole's Safety Element. An outline of information on existing conditions in the City and surrounding areas, as well as an analysis of factors that will impact the City's physical development, will inform the goals, policies, and actions of the Safety Element. The existing conditions analysis for each identified hazard includes identifying the location and extent of hazard areas that currently exist and have historically occurred as well as identifying the capabilities of the City to mitigate or respond to each hazard. The goals, policies, and implementation plan laid out in this Safety Element are guided by the existing conditions related to each hazard and safety risk. The focus of the identified existing conditions is on mappable resources, trends, and concerns that will frame choices for the long-term physical development of the City.

2.1.1 Planning Area
The Safety Element relates to the entire City of Pinole, which is located in Contra Costa County. Contra Costa County is located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area.

The City is located in the northwestern portion of Contra Costa County, along the shoreline of San Pablo Bay. The City is bordered by the Cities of Richmond and San Pablo, as well as the unincorporated community of Tara Hills to the southwest and the unincorporated community of El Sobrante to the south. The City is bordered by San Pablo Bay to the North, the City of Hercules to the northeast, and unincorporated areas of Contra Costa County to the east.

Because certain disaster events, geologic features, and potential hazards relate to each other and transcend the City's boundaries, this Safety Element considers hazards that occur or originate in other jurisdictions when the potential impact of those hazards might impact the City.

2.2 Geologic Hazards
Contra Costa County has a geologically diverse composition of bayside alluvial plains, hills, valleys, and mountains and is in the Coast Ranges Geomorphic Province, which extends roughly 400 miles from Oregon to Southern California. The region is defined by a series of northwest-trending mountain ranges and valleys. Much of this province is characterized by marine sedimentary and volcanic rock. The northern and southern ranges are bisected by the topographic depression containing San Francisco Bay. To the west is the Pacific Ocean, where the coastline is uplifted, terraced, and wavecut. To the east is the Central Valley of California. Major geological and hydrogeological features of Contra Costa County include Suisun Bay to the North, San Pablo Bay to the northwest, San Francisco Bay to the west, the Sacramento-San Joaquin River delta to the northeast, and Mt. Diablo at the center of the County.

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The Coast Ranges are subparallel to the active San Andreas Fault, and Contra Costa County intersects with various faults that run parallel to the San Andres Fault. The proximity of the many faults in the area may exacerbate geological and seismic hazards, as discussed later.

An understanding of the geology and soil composition of a site is essential for new construction and redevelopment of land as it can impact the safety of the structures. Figure 1 and Table 1 show the geologic makeup of Pinole. The City is characterized by bayside alluvial plains in the northern portions of the City and hills and mountains in the central and southern regions. San Pablo Bay abuts the City of Pinole to the north and is a major geologic component of the City's coastline. Pinole Creek runs from San Pablo Bay at the northern bounds of the City, following Pinole Valley Road southeast through Pinole Valley Park at the southeastern city limits. The majority of the City lies on moderately to well-consolidated Miocene marine sandstone, shale, and siltstone.

Geologic hazards include seismic hazards, landslides, subsidence, and expansive soils.

Tsunamis and seiches. Seismic hazards can lead to fault rupture, ground shaking, and liquefaction. It can also be one of the causes of landslides, subsidence, tsunamis, and seiches.

Table 1: Geology
Generalized
Rock Types
General
Lithology
Age Description
M Marine sedimentary rocks Miocene Sandstone, shale, siltstone, conglomerate, and breccia; moderately to well consolidated.

QPc Nonmarine (continental)
sedimentary rocks Pliocene
Sandstone, shale, and gravel deposits; are
mostly loosely consolidated.

Tv Nonmarine (continental)
sedimentary rocks
PliocenePleistoceneSandstone, shale, and gravel deposits; are mostly loosely consolidated.

Source: https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/gmc/App/

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Figure 1: Geology

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2.2.1 Seismic Hazards
Fault Rupture
The City of Pinole is situated in the central area of the Coast Ranges Geomorphic Province, a region with characteristic northwest-trending landforms and geologic structures.

Earthquake severity is typically categorized according to magnitude (a measure of the amount of energy released when a fault ruptures) and seismic intensity (a qualitative estimate of the damage caused by an earthquake at a given location). Because the amount of destruction generally decreases with distance from the epicenter (the point at the earth's surface directly above where the earthquake originated), earthquakes are assigned several intensities. The most commonly used seismic intensity scale is the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale, which has 12 levels of damage. The higher the Number, the greater the damage.

The largest earthquake likely to occur on a fault or fault segment is called the maximum credible (MCE) or characteristic earthquake. Depending on the planned use, lifetime, or importance of a facility, a maximum probable earthquake (MPE) is the earthquake most likely to occur in a specified period of time (such as 30 to 500 years). In general, the longer the period between earthquakes on a specific fault segment (recurrence interval), the larger the earthquake. The State of California, under the guidelines of the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act of 1972, regulates the development near active faults so as to mitigate the hazard of surface fault rupture. The California Department of Conservation classifies faults according to the following criteria:
• Holocene-Active Fault: A fault that has had surface displacement within Holocene time (the last 11,700 years).
• Pre-Holocene Fault: A fault whose recency of past movement is older than 11,700 years and thus does not meet the criteria of Holocene-active fault as defined in the State Mining and Geology Board regulations.

An earthquake or rupture along one of the many faults in the vicinity could result in casualties and extensive property damage. The impacts of such a quake may also result from aftershocks and secondary effects such as fires, landslides, dam failure, liquefaction, and other threats to public health and safety.

California is a seismically active area with numerous faults throughout the region. The City of Pinole is not listed within a State-designated Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone.1 The closest Holocene-Active faults in the region are the Hayward Fault, approximately 3 miles west of the City, the Concord Fault, approximately 15 miles east, and the San Andreas Fault, approximately 20 miles west.
1 State of California Department of Conservations, Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zones, https://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/alquist-priolo, accessed March 13, 2022.

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Hayward Fault. The Hayward Fault is part of the San Andreas Fault system and runs approximately 74 miles along the foot of the East Bay hills. The last major earthquake along the Hayward Fault occurred on October 21, 1868, destroying downtown Hayward, killing five people, and injuring 30. With an estimated magnitude of 6.8, it caused damage throughout the area. It is estimated that a rupture along this fault occurs every 100–220 years on average, with a high likelihood that the fault will rupture and produce a significant earthquake within the next 30 years. Considering the proximity of the Hayward Fault, the primary and secondary effects of a fault rupture would likely impact the City of Pinole.

Concord Fault. The Concord Fault is a Holocene active dextral strike-slip fault characterized by aseismic creep. The fault is approximately 11 miles long, running from Suisun Bay to the Mt.

Diablo foothills. Its last earthquake occurred on October 23, 1955, with an estimated magnitude of 5.4, which resulted in roughly a million dollars in damage and one fatality. The likelihood of a rupture in the next 30 years is estimated to be about half that of the Hayward Fault and significantly less than that of the San Andreas Fault. However, a sizable earthquake along this fault would potentially result in secondary seismic impacts on the City of Pinole.

San Andreas Fault. The San Andreas Fault is a continental, right lateral transform fault that forms the tectonic boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate. The fault runs roughly 810 miles from Cape Mendocino in the North to the Salton Sea in Southern California. The largest historical earthquakes along the San Andreas Fault include the 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake and the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake occurred in January 1857 with an estimated magnitude of 7.9, which resulted in two deaths and severe damage throughout the area. The length of the surface rupture is estimated at 225 miles. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake occurred on April 18, 1906, with a magnitude of 7.9.

The fault slipped over a segment of 270 miles, caused severe damage, and resulted in an estimated 3,000 deaths. The earthquake also caused the 1906 San Francisco fire, which burned for three days. Between the earthquake and fire, 28,000 buildings were destroyed, with a total property value loss estimated at $350 million. The 1906 earthquake is still considered the most devastating earthquake in the state.

There are two local faults near the City of Pinole that are not zoned under the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone. These include the Pinole Fault, which runs from San Pablo Bay southeast directly through the City, and the Franklin Fault, which runs from Vallejo southeast to the Cities of Lafayette and Walnut Creek. The Franklin Fault is approximately 4 miles northeast of the City of Pinole. Pinole Fault, which was formerly believed to be inactive, produced two major earthquakes during an 1800-year interval between about 800 and 2600 ago. The Pinole Fault ruptures thus appear to have an average recurrence interval of 900

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years, and the latest detected event was about 800 years ago2. An earthquake along Pinole Fault can be particularly damaging to Pinole due to its proximity to the City.

In order to protect the City's infrastructure and buildings from the impacts of fault rupture and ground shaking, following current building codes is essential, and retrofitting buildings that were built under outdated codes can be effective. The City is managing geologic and seismic hazards through the rehabilitation and renovation of older buildings, requiring new developments to be designed to seismic standards under the building code, and using inspection as a way to ensure new structures will be safe in the event of any geologic or seismic hazards.

Ground Shaking
Ground shaking is characterized by the physical movement of the land surface during earthquakes. This shaking can cause severe damage to buildings and impact the underlying soil. Strong ground shaking as a result of earthquakes can cause soils to compact, resulting in local or regional subsidence of the ground surface. During strong ground shaking, soil becomes more tightly packed due to the collapse of pore spaces, resulting in a reduction in the thickness of the soil column. This type of ground failure typically occurs in loose granular, cohesionless soils and can occur in either wet or dry conditions. Unconsolidated young alluvial deposits are especially susceptible to this hazard. Damage to structures can occur as a result of subsidence.

Portions of the City that may be susceptible to seismically induced settlement are generally the floodplains and larger drainages that are underlain by late Quaternary alluvial sediments (similar to the liquefaction-susceptible areas below). The City is characterized by alluvial plains in the northern areas, which may be susceptible to ground shaking. However, the majority of the City is underlain by well-consolidated soils, which are less prone to ground shakinginduced impacts. 2Miller Pacific Engineering Group, Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation, The BCRE Project at 2801 Pinole Valley Road, Pinole, CA. https://cdn5-
hosted.civiclive.com/UserFiles/Servers/Server_10946972/File/City%20Government/Planning/Current%20Projects/2801%20Pin ole%20Valley/Geo%20-%20soils%20report.pdf. Accessed October 13, 2022

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Figure 2: Regional Fault Locations Map

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Figure 3: Local Fault Locations Map

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Figure 4 shows the shake potential in the City of Pinole. It shows the relative intensity of ground shaking from anticipated future earthquakes. Percentage of gravity (% g) is a method for expressing acceleration, measured relative to gravity (g). Shaking potential at 50% would be 0.50 g's, perceived as severe ground shaking with moderate to a heavy potential of damage on the Modified Mercalli Intensity scale. Based on the shake potential map (Figure 4) the strongest ground shaking that could occur in the City of Pinole would be 1.3 – 1.4 gs (130 % to 140 % of gravity). For comparison purposes, the peak ground acceleration in a single direction measured during the 1994 Northridge Earthquake was 1.82 g, moment magnitude 6.7 – this was the highest ever instrumentally recorded in urban North America3.

These shake potential maps show the projected maximum capacity for ground shaking in the specific geography – based on conditions such as topography, soil types, groundwater location, etc. Areas around floodplains or shallow groundwater can experience more significant ground shaking, along with steep hillsides.

Liquefaction
Seismic ground shaking of relatively loose, granular soils that are saturated or submerged can cause the soils to liquefy and temporarily behave as dense fluid. Liquefaction is caused by a sudden temporary increase in pore water pressure due to seismic densification or other displacements of submerged granular soils. Liquefaction more often occurs in earthquakeprone areas underlain by young (i.e., Holocene age) alluvium where the groundwater table is higher than 50 feet below the ground surface.

Liquefaction-prone areas within the City are generally located along the coast of San Pablo Bay in the North, where shallow groundwater and alluvial soils are located, and surrounding Pinole Creek, which runs from San Pablo Bay along Pinole Valley Road through Pinole Valley Park as shown in Figure 5. These areas are classified as having high and moderate liquefaction susceptibility, respectively.
3 The Northridge Earthquake of 1994: Ground motions and Geo Technical Analysis. https://web.archive.org/web/20130506100941/http://www.coe.neu.edu/Depts/CIV/faculty/myegian/library/Thenorthridge%20 Earthquake%20of%201994%20Ground%20Motions%20and%20Geotechnical%20Aspects.pdf Accessed October 13, 2022.

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Figure 4 Shake Potential Map

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Figure 5: Liquefaction Zones
Source: United States Geological Survey; Google Earth; City of Pinole.

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2.2.2 Landslides
A landslide is defined as the movement of a mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope.

Landslides are subdivided by the type of geologic material (bedrock, debris, or earth). Debris flows (commonly referred to as mudflows or mudslides) and rock falls are examples of common landslide types4.

Landslides can be initiated on slopes already on the verge of movement by rainfall, snowmelt, changes in water level, stream erosion, changes in ground water, earthquakes, volcanic activity, disturbance by human activities, or any combination of these factors.

Figure 6 shows the relative likelihood of deep-seated landsliding based on regional estimates of rock strength and steepness of slopes. On the most basic level, weak rocks and steep slopes are most likely to generate landslides. The map uses detailed information on the location of past landslides, the location and relative strength of rock units, and the steepness of the slope to estimate susceptibility to deep-seated landsliding. This landslide susceptibility map is intended to provide infrastructure owners, emergency planners, and the public with a general overview of where landslides are more likely to occur. It is not appropriate for the evaluation of landslide potential at any specific site.

The analysis of landslide susceptibility uses a combination of rock strength and slope data to create classes of landslide susceptibility from 0 (low) to X (high). These classes express the generalization that on very low slopes, landslide susceptibility is low even in weak materials and that landslide susceptibility increases with slope and in weak rocks. The landslide susceptibility matrix is based on Rock Strength and Slope Steepness 5.

Areas underlain by shale and siltstone are more prone to landslides when compared to other bedrock geology, which is more prone to slow-developing, slump-type failure. The areas in the southeast portions of the City with steeper slopes containing shale and siltstone would be the most vulnerable to seismically induced slope failure. Areas along Pinole Creek are also potentially vulnerable to landslides due to the slope and underlying geology of the Pinole Creek watershed. The Pinole Creek Watershed Sediment Source Assessment, developed by the San Francisco Estuary Institute and Department of Conservation, identified landslideprone areas within the City of Pinole6 .
4 What is a landslide and what causes one? https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-landslide-and-what-causes-one. Accessed 12 October, 2022
5Layer: Landslide Susceptibility Classes (ID: 0).
https://gis.conservation.ca.gov/server/rest/services/CGS/MS58_LandslideSusceptibility_Classes/MapServer/0. Accessed 11 July, 2022.
6 Pinole Creek Watershed Sediment Source Assessment: Pavon Creeks Sub-Basin. https://www.sfei.org/sites/default/files/biblio_files/WS515_PavonCreek_FinalReport.pdf. October 13, 2022

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Figure 6: Landslide Areas

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The assessment identified active landslides, dormant landslides, and Holocene landslides, which were generally located in the southern area of the City where slopes are steeper and in areas surrounding Pinole Creek. Pinole Creek banks are vulnerable to slope failure in the event of an earthquake due to steep topography and underlying soil. Low-lying areas in the northern portions of the City are generally not prone to seismic-induced landslides. Soil engineering tests are required before building permits are issued for development in areas of high-risk slope stability issues. The soil engineering analyses outline specific design elements that are necessary to mitigate landslides and slope stability issues on the site.

2.2.3 Subsidence
Ground subsidence is the gradual settling or sinking of the ground surface with little or no horizontal movement. Most ground subsidence is anthropogenic and is usually associated with the extraction of oil, gas, or groundwater from below the ground surface in valleys filled with recent alluvium. Land subsidence can also occur during an earthquake because of offsetting along fault lines and as result of settling and compacting of unconsolidated sediment from the shaking of an earthquake.

The United State Geological Survey (USGS) documents areas of land subsidence throughout California, including historical and current subsidence. The USGS has not identified any regional subsidence as a result of groundwater pumping or oil extraction in the City of Pinole or surrounding communities7.

2.2.4 Expansive Soils
Expansive soils are those that have the ability to expand or contract, changing in volume based on their moisture content. They are typically composed of a form of expansive clay mineral that readily absorbs water and swells, leading to an increase in volume when wet and shrinkage when dry. This shrink-swell process can cause fatigue and crack infrastructure or foundations placed directly on or within expansive soils. Structural damage may result over an extended period of time, making it difficult to estimate the severity of long-term impacts.

The geology of the City is not generally prone to expansive soils due to the low clay content in the characteristic sandstone and shale soils in the area. The City generally has soilthat contains less than 50 percent clay, with slight to moderate swelling potential. Soil classification in the City is depicted in Figure 7
8 .
7 Areas of Land Subsidence in California. https://ca.water.usgs.gov/land_subsidence/california-subsidence-areas.html.

Accessed October 13, 2022
8 Soil Classification. https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/soils/survey/class/. Accessed October 13. 2022

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Figure 7: Soils

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2.2.5 Tsunamis and Seiches
A tsunami is a wave or series of waves generated by a large and sudden upward movement of the ocean floor, usually the result of an earthquake below or near the ocean floor. This sudden displacement and force create waves that radiate outward in all directions away from their source, sometimes crossing entire ocean basins. The nearest large body of water is San Pablo Bay, which abuts the City of Pinole to the North. The most likely tsunami scenario would be an earthquake in the Pacific Ocean creating a tsunami that moves towards the California coast.

The tsunami would then enter San Francisco Bay and potentially impact San Pablo Bay. Due to the mostly enclosed nature of the San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay, the vulnerability of the City to tsunami impacts is low, as the force of the tsunami would be mitigated as it enters the San Francisco Bay (refer to Figure 8). Tsunami simulations predict that the effects of a tsunami event would extend only as far as the Union Pacific railroad tracks along the San Pablo Bay shoreline. Tsunami impacts could affect the Union Pacific railroad and disrupt service, but in general, the coastal bluffs that the railroad runs along will act as a barrier. The potential for tsunami hazards to the City is limited to the San Pablo Bay shoreline, and the ability for tsunamis to impact inland areas of the City is minimal.

A seiche is defined as a standing wave oscillation in an enclosed or semi-enclosed, shallow to moderately shallow water body to the basin, such as a lake, reservoir, bay, or harbor, due to ground shaking, usually following an earthquake. Seiches continue in a pendulum fashion after the cessation of the originating force, which can be tidal action, wind action, or a seismic event. Seiches are often described by the period of the waves (how quickly the waves repeat themselves) since the period will often determine whether adjoining structures will be damaged. The period of a seiche varies depending on the dimensions of the basin. Whether the earthquake will create seiches depends upon a number of earthquake-specific parameters, including the earthquake location (a distant earthquake is more likely to generate a seiche than a local earthquake), the style of fault rupture (e.g., dip-slip or strike-slip), and the configuration (length, width, and depth) of the basin.

Due to San Pablo Bay being a mostly enclosed body, seiches do pose a potential threat to the City of Pinole along the San Pablo Bay shoreline. However, seiches have not been historically documented in the area.

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Figure 8: Tsunami Map

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2.3 Fire Hazards

2.3.1 Wildland Fires
A wildfire is defined as an unplanned and unwanted wildland fire, including unauthorized human-caused fires, escaped wildland fire use events, escaped prescribed fire projects, and all other wildland fires where the object is to extinguish the fire. Wildfire is a natural part of the California ecosystem, helping to clear brush and debris, and is a necessary part of various species' life cycles. Lightning, accidents, or arson can spark wildfires.

Human activity has changed the buffer zone between urbanized and undeveloped areas, known as the wildland-urban interface, where naturally fire-prone landscapes abut developed neighborhoods. The natural setting of a wildland-urban interface can make these areas highly desirable places to live, and many of these areas in California are now developed. This development has brought more people into wildfire-prone areas. The availability of fuel and increasing encroachment into the wildland-urban interface have made wildfires a common and dangerous hazard in California. Structural conditions that may affect fire control include the type and use of a structure, roof covering, surrounding landscaping, and exposure to the building.

Once a fire has started, several conditions influence its behavior, including fuel topography, weather, drought, and development. Certain conditions must be present for significant interface fires to occur. The most common conditions include hot, dry, and windy weather, the inability of fire protection forces to contain or suppress the fire, the occurrence of multiple fires that overwhelm committed resources, and a large fuel load (dense vegetation).

Contra Costa County has a rich history of wildfires. The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection logs fire incidents in the state and has identified dozens of wildfires in Contra Costa County since 2010, ranging in size from a few acres to hundreds of thousands of acres. None of the wildfire incidents identified by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection occurred in the City of Pinole. Small wildfires and brushfires have occurred in the City and surrounding jurisdictions. However, these tend to be contained quickly without damage to development in the City.

2.3.2 Fire Hazard Severity Zones
The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection prepares wildfire hazard severity maps based on fuels, terrain, weather, and other relevant factors. These zones, referred to as Fire Hazard Severity Zones (FHSZ), define the application of various mitigation strategies and influence how people construct buildings and protect property to reduce the risk associated with wildland fires. While FHSZ do not predict when or where a wildfire will occur, they do identify areas where wildfires may be more likely to occur or be more severe, based on factors such as fire history, existing and potential vegetation that can serve as fuel, predicted flame length, blowing embers, terrain, and typical fire weather for an area. Zones are designated in varying degrees from Moderate, High, and Very High. There are three types

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of responsibility areas that FHSZ may fall under: Local Responsibility Area (LRA), State Responsibility Area (SRA), or Federal Responsibility Area (FRA). LRAs are incorporated cities, urban regions, and agricultural lands where the local government is responsible for wildfire protection. SRAs are those for which the State of California is financially responsible for the prevention and suppression of wildfires. FRAs are land for which neither the state nor the local government has legal responsibility for providing fire protection.

There are moderate FHSZ areas within the LRAs of the City that generally follow the southern City limits. Moderate FHSZ within the City include the southern edge of the City and through areas of Pinole Valley Road, including Pinole Valley Park. The moderate FHSZ also includes areas along the southeastern border near Doidge Avenue and follows north into the open areas in the northeastern areas of the City. Areas within this moderate FHSZ are primarily undeveloped, however, there are housing developments within and adjacent to the FHSZ that could be impacted by wildfires. There are High and Very High FHSZ areas within neighboring jurisdiction LRAs that are located just south of the City. Additionally, the southeastern area of the City abuts unincorporated areas of Contra Costa County, which are classified as moderate fire hazard severity zones under state responsibility (SRAs). Wildfires in this area would potentially impact the developed neighborhoods within the wildlandurban interface (refer to Figure 9).

The City of Pinole has contracted with the Contra Costa County Fire Protection District (Con Fire) for fire protection services in March of 2023. The City has adopted the California Fire Code 2020 to ensure the fire-safe design of the structures and fuel modification plans. The plan submittal set is provided to the Con Fire for its approval. Con Fire uses the Zonehaven platform linked to the County Community Warning System. The City also has an annual brush clearance program in collaboration with Con Fire. The City also maintains several firebreak areas, including the trails on Fareeha Hill.

The water supply for the City is provided by East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD) and includes water demands and fire flows. EBMUD maintains an Urban Water Management Plan that is updated every five years to support long-term resource planning and water supply sustainability. EBMUD’s water distribution reservoirs have a total system-wide capacity of 748 million gallons. The reservoirs, which are typically enclosed tanks, are sized to meet the estimated water service requirements of EBMUD’s customers, including projected future water demands and fire flows. EBMUD has also prepared the Water Shortage Contingency Plan 2020, to help address water shortages that may occur and explore scenarios designed to test assumptions and explore changes9. The City of Pinole cooperates and participates in the update of these plans.
9 East Bay Municipal Utility District’s Urban Water Management Plan 2020. https://www.ebmud.com/water/about-yourwater/water-supply/urban-water-management-plan. Accessed October 13, 2022

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Figure 9: Fire Hazard Severity Zone

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2.4 Flooding

2.4.1 Major Sources of Flooding
Flooding occurs when a waterway (either natural or artificial drainage channel) receives more water than it is capable of conveying, causing the water level in the waterway to rise.

Depending on how long these conditions last and the amount of runoff the waterway receives in proportion to its capacity, the rising water level may eventually overtop the waterway's banks or any other boundaries to the drainage area, resulting in flooding.

Floods often occur during heavy precipitation events, when the amount of rainwater exceeds the capacity of storm drains or flood control channels. Floods can also happen when infrastructure such as levees, dams, reservoirs, or culverts fail or when a section of drainage infrastructure fails and water cannot be drained from an area quickly enough. These failures can be linked to precipitation events (e.g., when water erodes a levee, allowing water to escape and flood nearby areas) or can be a consequence of other emergency situations (e.g., a dam collapsing due to an earthquake).

The City of Pinole has minimal flood hazard risk, with areas of greatest potential flood hazard along existing waterways and water bodies. During heavy rain events and high tides, coastal areas of the City may experience some flooding. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) maintains flood maps throughout the United States. FEMA defines flood or flooding as a general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from:
• The overflow of inland or tidal waters.
• The unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of surface waters from any source; or, • Mudslides (i.e., mudflows), which are caused by flooding and are akin to a river of liquid and flowing mud on the surfaces of normally dry land areas, as when the earth is carried by a current of water and deposited along the path of the current.

Floods can be caused and/or exacerbated by a number of factors, including the following:
• Weather and climate patterns.
• Hydrologic features such as reservoirs, ponds, lakes, rivers, etc., can have a significant impact on the amount of flooding.
• The ground's absorption capacity depends on the soil's composition and the area's bedrock. Less absorbent soil conditions, in addition to a lack of proper storm infrastructure, can result in flooding.
• The type and density of vegetation are related to moisture absorption affecting the flow of water.
• Patterns of land use/urbanization relate to the pervious and impervious nature of the ground.

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• The expected level, age, and condition of flood management infrastructure can impact flooding conditions.
• Large-scale wildfires dramatically alter the terrain and ground conditions. Vegetation absorbs rainfall, reducing runoff. However, wildfires leave the ground charred, barren, and unable to absorb water properly, creating conditions ripe for flash flooding and mudflow. Flood risk remains significantly higher until vegetation is restored, up to five years after a wildfire.10
Flood hazard areas identified on the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) are identified as a Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). SFHA are defined as the area that will be inundated by the flood event having a 1-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. The 1-percent annual chance flood is also referred to as the base flood or 100-year flood. SFHAs are labeled as Zone A, Zone AO, Zone AH, Zones A1-A30, Zone AE, Zone A99, Zone AR, Zone AR/AE, Zone AR/AO, Zone AR/A1-A30, Zone AR/A, Zone V, Zone VE, and Zones V1-V30.

Moderate flood hazard areas, labeled Zone B or Zone X (shaded) are also shown on the FIRM, and are the areas between the limits of the base flood and the 0.2-percent-annual-chance (or 500-year) flood. The areas of minimal flood hazard, which are the areas outside the SFHA and higher than the elevation of the 0.2-percent-annual-chance flood, are labeled Zone C or Zone X (unshaded).

The FEMA flood zones in the City are depicted in Figure 10. The areas identified in Pinole that are subject to flooding labeled as A, AE, AH, and AO are almost entirely located at the San Pablo Bay shoreline and along Pinole Creek, the two surface water features in the City.

Coastal flooding of San Pablo Bay would potentially inundate areas along the northern coast of the City. The flood hazard zone associated with San Pablo Bay would only affect the bay coastline area of the City and would not impact developments in the City. The flood zone is categorized as a FEMA 100-year flood hazard zone with a one percent annual chance of flooding.

Flood zone X (shaded) associated with Pinole Creek are primarily near San Pablo Bay in the northern area of the creek. The flood zone is categorized as a FEMA 500-year flood hazard zone with a 0.2 percent annual chance of flooding, which results from an extraordinary storm event. The flood zone would potentially inundate the Tennant Avenue Pinole Recreational Vehicle Storage area, Orleans Drive, and Calais Drive in the northernmost area of the City. 10 Federal Emergency Management Agency, Flood Risk Increases After Fires Are Out – Buy Flood Insurance Now, https://www.fema.gov/fact-sheet/4562/flood-risk-increases-after-fires-are-out-buy-flood-insurance-now, accessed March 14, 2022.

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Figure 10: FEMA Flood Zones

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Flood zones along Pinole Creek also exist at the intersection of Pear Street and Fernandez Avenue to the west of the creek. This flood zone is also categorized as a FEMA 500-year flood hazard zone with a 0.2 percent annual chance of flooding. Flooding in this area is also unlikely and would not significantly impact critical infrastructure or notable areas within the City.

A collaborative vision planning process in 2003-2004 resulted in the Pinole Creek Watershed Vision Plan. The plan was developed with the help of the Urban Creeks Councils and the Restoration Design Group through a grant from the California State Coastal Conservancy.

The plan emphasized that "flood management projects should preserve or restore natural systems to the extent possible. The proposed lower flood control channel restoration project could significantly improve creek habitat while providing flood protection. A reliable source of funding must also be identified to ensure long-term maintenance of the flood protection function and habitat restoration. Community members also observed that the maintenance of existing storm drains should be improved to prevent localized street flooding.11 Adapting to Rising Tides Bay Area: Short Report Summary of Regional Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Study, a project spearheaded by the Bay Conservation and Development Commission and Metropolitan Transportation Commission/Association of Bay Area Governments, summarizes the consequences the Bay Area may face as sea levels rise in the absence of coordinated, prioritized adaptation. The City of Pinole actively participated in this effort. The next step in the process is for the region to develop a set of shared priorities and values that will help inform the types of adaptation strategies that are most appropriate, and what actions should be taken first.

2.4.2 Dam Inundation
Dam failure is the uncontrolled release of impounded water from behind a dam. Flooding, earthquakes, blockages, landslides, lack of maintenance, improper operation, poor construction, vandalism, and terrorism can all cause dam infrastructure to fail. Dam failure causes downstream flooding of varying velocities that can result in loss of life and property.

Several regional reservoirs and dams are located throughout Contra Costa County, and Maloney Reservoir (classified as a dam by the Division of Safety of Dams) is located within the City boundaries and is an earthen embankment dam. Maloney Reservoir is an artificially impounded body of water located near the intersection of Appian Way and Mann Drive. The East Bay Municipal Utility District owns the reservoir. It is roughly 3 acres in area and has an elevation of 103 meters above sea level. It has a total maximum capacity of 68 Acre-Feet. 11 Urban Creeks Council and Restoration Design Group, LLC, Pinole Creek Watershed Vision Plan: A Local Community-Based Effort, 2004, http://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/ucldc-nuxeo-ref-media/c6f48c7b-fe69-41f2-a4fb-c5c0382f1689. Accessed October 13, 2022

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Figure 11: Reservoir Inundation

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According to the Dam Safety inspection report dated March 10, 2021, the condition assessment is rated satisfactory, meaning no existing or potential dam safety deficiencies are recognized. Acceptable performance is expected under all loading conditions (static, hydrologic, seismic) in accordance with the applicable minimum state or federal regulatory criteria or tolerable risk guidelines. The hazard potential classification of Maloney dam is rated high, meaning dam failure could cause loss of human life12.

Figure 11 shows the inundation area if this reservoir is breached. According to the Downstream Hazard, a sunny day, failure13 on the North or northeast or North of the dam is classified as "Extremely High" meaning it is expected to cause considerable loss of human life or would result in an inundation area with a population of 1,000 or more14. Figure 12 shows the extent and time taken for inundation in the event of such a failure.

Figure 12: Maloney Reservoir Breach
Source: Division of Safety of Dams
12 Dam Safety Inspection: Maloney (Contra Costa County, CA) https://data.coloradoan.com/dam/california/contra-costacounty/maloney/ca00180/. Accessed October 13, 2022 13 A sunny-day failure scenario represents a hypothetical failure of a dam or its critical appurtenant structure with the reservoir level at the time of failure at the maximum possible water surface elevation. This water-surface elevation generally corresponds to the crest of an ungated spillway or the top of a gated spillway. This scenario represents the failure during a non-storm or non-flood season (California Code Title 23 Chapter 1, Section 335.2(a)). 14 Dam Safety Inspection: Downstream Hazard, https://water.ca.gov/-/media/DWR-Website/Web-Pages/Programs/AllPrograms/Division-of-Safety-of-Dams/Files/Publications/Division-of-Safety-of-Dams-Definitions-for-Downstream-Hazard-andCondition-Assessment.pdf, Accessed November 10, 2022.

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Reservoirs outside of the City include Sobrante Reservoir, San Pablo Reservoir, and Briones Reservoir. Sobrante Reservoir is an artificially impounded body of water in the unincorporated community of El Sobrante. Despite the close proximity of this reservoir to the City, a breach at this reservoir would not result in significant impacts on the City of Pinole (refer to Figure 11). San Pablo and Briones Reservoirs are fairly large reservoirs with dams in Contra Costa County. However, the inundation zone for both of these reservoirs would not impact the City in the event of a dam failure.

2.4.3 Drainage System
The City is located along the Pinole Creek Watershed, which drains and covers approximately 15 square miles in the northwest part of Contra Costa County. The watershed includes portions of the Cities of Pinole and Hercules as well as unincorporated areas of Contra Costa County. The creek drains the mountainous areas southeast of the City and outlets into San Pablo Bay. Pinole Creek serves as a regulatory floodway for the City and for Contra Costa County. Flooding of the creek would potentially occur in the event of a FEMA 100-year storm.

However, flooding would have a minimal impact outside of the banks of the creek.

The City of Pinole participates in Contra Costa County's Clean Water Program and is compliant with the National Pollution Discharge Elimination Systems act and the Clean Water Act. In general, the City maintains all storm drain structures and piping, except those that are v-ditches that are located on private property. The local storm drain facilities were developed in coordination with the planned communities and have the capacity to handle the drainage needs of the City without contributing to flooding hazards.

2.5 Climate Change Resiliency
Climate change is a phenomenon characterized by the long-term shifts in global temperature and weather patterns, associated with the buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and warming of the planet due to the greenhouse effect. Although climate change is global, its effects can be felt locally and the response also can start locally. Local policies and actions can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from local sources and incorporate resilience and adaptation strategies into planning and development.

Climate change can have widespread effects on temperature and weather patterns, creating conditions that may make storms more frequent or more intense, resulting in more intense rainfall and flooding. Climate change also contributes to sea level rise, intensifying coastal hazards. In many areas, climate change may increase the frequency and duration of droughts and create conditions that intensify wildfire vulnerability.

2.5.1 Climate Change Snapshot
Table 2 shows the changes specific to Pinole. As shown, the Number of extreme heat days, increase in annual maximum temperatures, and decrease in annual Precipitation may be a cause of concern for the City.

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Table 2: Local Climate Change Snapshot
Climate Change Factors impacting the City Observed
(1961-1990)
Mid-Century (2035-2064)
Medium EmissionsA High EmissionsA
Annual Average Maximum Temperature (°F) 67.8 69.4-72.2 69.9-73.2 Extreme Heat Days (days)B 4 1-38 4-55
Annual Precipitation (inches) 20.7 18.4-28.1 17.4-27.9
Annual Average Area Burned (acres)C Not Available 100.7-123.6 103.8-133.1 A. The Medium Emissions Scenario represents a mitigation scenario where global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions peak by 2040 and then decline. Statewide, the temperature is projected to increase by 2-4°C for this scenario by the end of this century.

The High Emissions Scenario represents a scenario where CO2 emissions continue to rise throughout the twenty-first century.

Statewide, the temperature is projected to increase by 4-7°C by the end of this century.

B. Number of days in a year when the daily maximum temperature is above a threshold temperature of 103.9°F (98th percentile).

C. This area may contain locations outside the combined fire state and federal protection responsibility areas. These locations were excluded from these wildfire simulations and had no climate projections.

Source: Cal-Adapt, Local Climate Change Snapshot (cal-adapt.org), accessed August 29, 2022.

2.5.2 Sea Level Rise
As the City of Pinole includes approximately 1.5 miles of coastline along San Pablo Bay, the City is potentially vulnerable to future sea level rise. The San Pablo Bay receives waters from several rivers (including the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers) and is tidally influenced by the Pacific Ocean through the San Francisco Bay. Sea level rise is a climate change – driven phenomenon of increasing the elevation of the ocean surface.

According to NOAA, sea level rise at the regional level can deviate significantly from the globally averaged rate.15 Thus, effects are unique to specific coastal jurisdictions due to variations in topography and geography. Sea level rise projections and modeling referenced in Table 3 rely on the best available science as evaluated by the California Coastal Commission’s 2018 Sea Level Rise Policy Guidance and are supplemented by NOAA’s 2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report. Figure 13 depicts the extent of inundation caused by the Sea Level Rise. While 4 – 6 feet of sea level rise on the upper end of what is projected to occur during the 21st century, it is possible that sea level rise combined with storm surges could contribute to temporary inundation in Pinole.
15 National Ocean Service/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report, https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/hazards/sealevelrise/sealevelrise-tech-report-sections.html, accessed January 9, 2023.

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Table 3: California Coastal Commission Sea Level Rise Projections Low Risk Aversion Medium-High Risk Aversion
Upper limit of “likely range”
~17% probability SLR exceeds…
1-in-200 chance

0.5% probability SLR exceeds…
2050 1.1 feet 1.9 feet
2070 1.9 feet 3.5 feet
2090 2.9 feet 5.6 feet
2100 3.4 feet 6.9 feet
NOTE: The California Coastal Commission and NOAA state available climate models and experiments do not extend beyond 2100. Both agencies acknowledge increased uncertainties regarding projections past 2100 and recommend caution if projections require utilization.

Source: California Coastal Commission, Sea Level Rise Policy Guidance – Science Update, adopted November 2018, accessed January 9, 2023.

Figure 13: Sea Level Rise
Source: BCDC, Adapting to Rising Tides Data Viewer, https://explorer.adaptingtorisingtides.org/explorer, accessed January 9, 2023.

In addition, groundwater emergence is anticipated to accompany future sea level rise impacts. Groundwater emergence is the emergence of groundwater at the land surface, causing flooding or inundation. As sea levels rise, saltwater can intrude into groundwater aquifers that store fresh water. If the amount of saltwater intrusion is great enough, groundwater can be pushed to the surface.16 Specific vulnerabilities to a rising water table and groundwater emergence include dry weather flooding, deterioration of underground infrastructure such as water/sewer pipelines, extended earthquake liquefaction zones, and resurfacing any underground toxic contamination. 17
16 MIT Technology Review, Climate Change: How Groundwater caused by Climate Change could Devastate Coastal Communities, https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/12/13/1041309/climate-change-rising-groundwater-flooding/, published December 13, 2021, accessed January 9, 2023.
17 KQED, Groundwater Beneath Your Feet Is Rising With the Sea. It Could Bring Long-Buried Toxic Contamination With It, https://www.kqed.org/science/1971582/groundwater-beneath-your-feet-is-rising-with-the-sea-it-could-bring-long-buriedtoxins-with-it, published December 15, 2020, access January 10, 2023.

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2.5.3 Resilience
Resiliency in the face of climate change refers to the actions that can be taken to reduce the drivers of climate change and actions to mitigate the effects of climate change. Because climate change is a long-term phenomenon, it is important to adequately plan for its impacts.

In order to mitigate the effects of intense storms, actions may include bolstering drainage capacities and flood control measures. With more frequent or intense storm events, it is likely that flooding would have a more significant effect on the City. Increasing the capacity of the City's drainage infrastructure would make the City more resilient to weather events linked to climate change.

Climate change resiliency would also include measures to reduce vulnerability to droughts and wildfires. This may include water conservation and water supply management efforts to ensure the City is prepared in the event of a long-term drought. Diversifying the City's water supply by introducing and maintaining water sources that are less susceptible to drought or are more sustainable also accomplishes this goal. Additionally, as wildfire becomes more frequent or intense with climate change, actions to mitigate the City's vulnerability may be warranted. Although the City is not generally prone to wildfire hazards, regional wildfires may become an increasing threat with climate change.

2.5.4 Vulnerability Assessment Summary
The purpose of the Vulnerability Assessment (VA) is to fulfill the first step as required by SB 379. The VA identifies specific natural hazards related to climate change and evaluates vulnerabilities accordingly. The assessment considers the physical threat to critical facilities within the City, as well as the physical threat to residential and non-residential structures.

The vulnerability findings will have informed adaptation and resilience goals, policies, objectives, and implementation measures in the Safety Element Update in accordance with SB 379.

The City identified 35 critical facilities for incorporation in the vulnerability/risk analysis, as listed in Table 4 and illustrated in Figure 14, which also provides a summary of critical facilities that intersect with hazards in the City. These critical facilities that intersect with a hazard area are indicated with a “Y” and a red-shaded cell. Critical facilities that do not fall within the hazard area are designated with an “N” and a green-shaded cell. The risks of drought, hazardous materials releases, and ground shaking are present throughout the City, and thus, all critical facilities are assumed to be vulnerable, as reflected below.

2.5.5 Sustainability Element
The Sustainability Element was adopted in 2010 with the General Plan update and addressed local climate change issues by setting goals and policies to guide Pinole's efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs), encourage renewable energy sources, expand local use of green technology, and educate Pinole's residents on how they can live fully while

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Pinole City CouncilJanuary 20, 2026

Pinole City Council
January 20, 2026