Rancho Cordova City Council
July 17, 2023

3.5 Substation Installation - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Off-Road 4.9056 48.8170 43.1829 0.0867 2.3392 2.3392 2.1743 2.1743 8,370.301 8 8,370.301
8 2.3659 8,429.448
4 Total 4.9056 48.8170 43.1829 0.0867 2.3392 2.3392 2.1743 2.1743 8,370.301 8 8,370.301
8 2.3659 8,429.448
4 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0300 1.2135 0.3329 4.8900e0030.1574 6.7500e0030.1642 0.0453 6.4600e0030.0518 524.0543 524.0543 0.0128 0.0768 547.2649 Worker 0.0775 0.0536 0.6414 1.8400e0030.2281 1.1300e0030.2292 0.0605 1.0400e0030.0615 185.6215 185.6215 5.1500e0035.3300e003187.3384 Total 0.1074 1.2671 0.9744 6.7300e0030.3855 7.8800e0030.3934 0.1058 7.5000e0030.1133 709.6758 709.6758 0.0180 0.0821 734.6033 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
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3.5 Substation Installation - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Off-Road 4.9056 48.8170 43.1829 0.0867 2.3392 2.3392 2.1743 2.1743 0.0000 8,370.301 8 8,370.301
8 2.3659 8,429.448
4 Total 4.9056 48.8170 43.1829 0.0867 2.3392 2.3392 2.1743 2.1743 0.0000 8,370.301 8 8,370.301
8 2.3659 8,429.448
4 Mitigated Construction On-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0300 1.2135 0.3329 4.8900e0030.1574 6.7500e0030.1642 0.0453 6.4600e0030.0518 524.0543 524.0543 0.0128 0.0768 547.2649 Worker 0.0775 0.0536 0.6414 1.8400e0030.2281 1.1300e0030.2292 0.0605 1.0400e0030.0615 185.6215 185.6215 5.1500e0035.3300e003187.3384 Total 0.1074 1.2671 0.9744 6.7300e0030.3855 7.8800e0030.3934 0.1058 7.5000e0030.1133 709.6758 709.6758 0.0180 0.0821 734.6033 Mitigated Construction Off-Site
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4.0 Operational Detail - Mobile
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Mitigated 0.0129 0.0171 0.2038 5.5000e0040.0684 3.4000e0040.0688 0.0181 3.2000e0040.0185 55.6221 55.6221 1.8300e0031.7100e00356.1790 Unmitigated 0.0129 0.0171 0.2038 5.5000e0040.0684 3.4000e0040.0688 0.0181 3.2000e0040.0185 55.6221 55.6221 1.8300e0031.7100e00356.1790

4.1 Mitigation Measures Mobile

4.2 Trip Summary Information

4.3 Trip Type Information
Average Daily Trip Rate Unmitigated Mitigated
Land Use Weekday Saturday Sunday Annual VMT Annual VMT
Refrigerated Warehouse-No Rail 0.00 7.83 0.00 4,685 4,685 Total 0.00 7.83 0.00 4,685 4,685
Miles Trip % Trip Purpose %
Land Use H-W or C-W H-S or C-C H-O or C-NW H-W or C-W H-S or C-C H-O or C-NW Primary Diverted Pass-by Refrigerated Warehouse-No
Rail

15.00 7.50 8.50 59.00 0.00 41.00 92 5 3

4.4 Fleet Mix
Land Use LDA LDT1 LDT2 MDV LHD1 LHD2 MHD HHD OBUS UBUS MCY SBUS MH Refrigerated Warehouse-No Rail 0.500000 0.250000 0.250000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 20 of 25 Date: 12/3/2021 9:54 AM Sunridge Energy Storage Project - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Winter EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Not Applied ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

5.0 Energy Detail
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
NaturalGas
Mitigated

0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 NaturalGas
Unmitigated

0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

5.2 Energy by Land Use - NaturalGas
NaturalGa
s Use
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use kBTU/yr lb/day lb/day
Refrigerated
Warehouse-No
Rail
0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Unmitigated

5.1 Mitigation Measures Energy
Historical Energy Use: N
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6.1 Mitigation Measures Area

6.0 Area Detail
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category lb/day lb/day
Mitigated 1.0418 4.0000e0054.4400e0030.0000 2.0000e0052.0000e0052.0000e0052.0000e0059.5200e0039.5200e0032.0000e0050.0101 Unmitigated 1.0418 4.0000e0054.4400e0030.0000 2.0000e0052.0000e0052.0000e0052.0000e0059.5200e0039.5200e0032.0000e0050.0101

5.2 Energy by Land Use - NaturalGas
NaturalGa
s Use
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use kBTU/yr lb/day lb/day
Refrigerated
Warehouse-No
Rail
0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Mitigated
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6.2 Area by SubCategory
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
SubCategory lb/day lb/day
Architectural
Coating

0.1105 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Consumer
Products

0.9309 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Landscaping 4.1000e0044.0000e0054.4400e0030.0000 2.0000e0052.0000e0052.0000e0052.0000e0059.5200e0039.5200e0032.0000e0050.0101 Total 1.0418 4.0000e0054.4400e0030.0000 2.0000e0052.0000e0052.0000e0052.0000e0059.5200e0039.5200e0032.0000e0050.0101 Unmitigated
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7.1 Mitigation Measures Water

7.0 Water Detail

6.2 Area by SubCategory
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
SubCategory lb/day lb/day
Architectural
Coating

0.1105 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Consumer
Products

0.9309 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Landscaping 4.1000e0044.0000e0054.4400e0030.0000 2.0000e0052.0000e0052.0000e0052.0000e0059.5200e0039.5200e0032.0000e0050.0101 Total 1.0418 4.0000e0054.4400e0030.0000 2.0000e0052.0000e0052.0000e0052.0000e0059.5200e0039.5200e0032.0000e0050.0101 Mitigated

8.1 Mitigation Measures Waste

8.0 Waste Detail

9.0 Operational Offroad
Equipment Type Number Hours/Day Days/Year Horse Power Load Factor Fuel Type Cranes 1 8.00 1 231 0.29 Diesel
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11.0 Vegetation
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Equipment Type lb/day lb/day
Cranes 0.3514 3.8155 1.8344 5.7700e0030.1593 0.1593 0.1466 0.1466 0.0000 558.8192 558.8192 0.1807 563.3376 Total 0.3514 3.8155 1.8344 5.7700e0030.1593 0.1593 0.1466 0.1466 0.0000 558.8192 558.8192 0.1807 563.3376 UnMitigated/Mitigated

10.0 Stationary Equipment
Fire Pumps and Emergency Generators
Equipment Type Number Hours/Day Hours/Year Horse Power Load Factor Fuel Type Boilers
Equipment Type Number Heat Input/Day Heat Input/Year Boiler Rating Fuel Type User Defined Equipment
Equipment Type Number
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Breaker (kV) Number of
Breakers
Pounds of SF6 MT of SF6 Leak Rate Global Warming
Potential
MT CO2e
138 6 2,400 1.089 1% 23,900 130.09
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Attachment B
Health Risk Assessment Outputs
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Table of Contents
HRA Calcs 2
Lithium Ion Battery Emergency Response Guide 4
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Pollutant Vol % Volume (Liter)
MW
(g/mol)
Single Cell
Emissions
(grams)
Single Cell Rate
(g/s)
Single Cell Rate
(lbs/hr)
Module Rate
(g/s)
Module Rate
(lbs/hr)
Megapack
Rate (g/s)
Megapack Rate
(lbs/hr)
Primary Compounds
H2 24 1.5 2.0 1.00E-01 2.78E-05 2.20E-04 3.51E-01 2.79E+00 5.97E+00 4.74E+01 CO 34 2.1 28.0 2.60E+00 7.22E-04 5.73E-03 9.13E+00 7.24E+01 1.55E+02 1.23E+03 CO2 28 1.7 44.0 3.30E+00 9.17E-04 7.28E-03 1.16E+01 9.19E+01 1.97E+02 1.56E+03 CH4 4 0.2 16.0 2.00E-01 5.56E-05 4.41E-04 7.02E-01 5.57E+00 1.19E+01 9.47E+01 C2H4 5 0.3 28.1 4.00E-01 1.11E-04 8.82E-04 1.40E+00 1.11E+01 2.39E+01 1.89E+02 C2H6 0 0.0 30.1 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 C3H6 0.004 0.0 42.1 0.00E+00 1.58E-07 1.26E-06 2.00E-03 1.59E-02 3.40E-02 2.70E-01 C3H8 0 0.0 44.1 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 C4 0 0.0 58.1 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 C5 0 0.0 72.2 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 Nitrogen 5 0.3 28.0 4.00E-01 1.11E-04 8.82E-04 1.40E+00 1.11E+01 2.39E+01 1.89E+02 Total 100.0 6.1 25.8 7.00E+00 1.94E-03 1.54E-02 2.46E+01 1.95E+02 4.18E+02 3.32E+03 Trace compounds ppm MW
HF 500 20.0 2.70E-03 7.50E-07 5.95E-06 9.48E-03 7.52E-02 1.61E-01 1.28E+00 HCL 1,000 36.4 9.90E-03 2.75E-06 2.18E-05 3.47E-02 2.76E-01 5.91E-01 4.69E+00 HCN 1,600 27.0 1.20E-02 3.33E-06 2.65E-05 4.21E-02 3.34E-01 7.16E-01 5.68E+00 Methanol 32 27.0 2.30E-04 6.39E-08 5.07E-07 8.07E-04 6.41E-03 1.37E-02 1.09E-01 Styrene 1 104.0 2.80E-05 7.78E-09 6.17E-08 9.83E-05 7.80E-04 1.67E-03 1.33E-02 Toluene 3,500 92.0 8.70E-02 2.42E-05 1.92E-04 3.05E-01 2.42E+00 5.19E+00 4.12E+01 TAC Emission Calculations
Assumes: Atmospheric Normal Temperature and Pressure (298.15K and 100.3 kpa) Vol % and single cell emissions total provided by manufacturer Standard temperature and pressure (STP) is defined as 0°C (273.15 K) and 1 atm of pressure Number of cells in multicell event 12,636
Time of event, minutes 60
Gas compsitions based on Tesla and DNVGL studies, maximum values measured.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Cell
Pollutant Name TAC Max lbs/hr Proximity Factor Acute REL (ug/m3)
Prioritization
Score
H2 Hydrogen No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
CO Carbon monoxide Yes 5.73E-03 1.00 23,000 3.74E-04
CO2 Carbon Dioxide No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
CH4 Methane No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
C2H4 Ethylene No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
C2H6 Ethane No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
C3H6 Propene No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
C3H8 Propane No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
C4 Butanes No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
C5 Pentanes No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
HF Hydrogen Fluoride Yes 5.95E-06 1.00 240 3.72E-05
HCL Hydrochloric acid Yes 2.18E-05 1.00 2,100 1.56E-05
HCN Hydrogen cyanide Yes 2.65E-05 1.00 340 1.17E-04
Methanol Methanol Yes 5.07E-07 1.00 28,000 2.72E-08
Styrene Styrene Yes 6.17E-08 1.00 21,000 4.41E-09
Toluene Toluene Yes 1.92E-04 1.00 37,000 7.78E-06
Total 5.51E-04
Module
Pollutant Name TAC Max lbs/hr
Proximity Factor Acute REL
(ug/m3)
Prioritization
Score
H2 Hydrogen No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
CO Carbon monoxide Yes 72.43 1.00 23,000 4.72E-01
CO2 Carbon Dioxide No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
CH4 Methane No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
C2H4 Ethylene No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
C2H6 Ethane No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
C3H6 Propene No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
C3H8 Propane No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
C4 Butanes No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
C5 Pentanes No ‐ 1.00 ‐ ‐
HF Hydrogen Fluoride Yes 0.08 1.00 240 4.70E-02
HCL Hydrochloric acid Yes 0.28 1.00 2,100 1.97E-02
HCN Hydrogen cyanide Yes 0.33 1.00 340 1.47E-01
Methanol Methanol Yes 0.01 1.00 28,000 3.43E-05
Styrene Styrene Yes 0.001 1.00 21,000 5.57E-06
Toluene Toluene Yes 2.42 1.00 37,000 9.83E-03
Total 6.96E-01
Risk Assessment
Notes: Assumes proximity adjustment factor of 1 (0 < 100 meters), a normalization factor of 25, and dispersion adjustment factor of 60.

Calculated in accordance with the CAPCOA Facility Prioritization Guidelines for Air Toxics Hot Spits Program (August 2016).

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Lithium-Ion Battery Emergency Response
Guide
For Tesla Energy Products including Powerwall, Powerpack, and Megapack – TS-00004027 – Rev. 2.3
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS
All specifications and descriptions contained in this document are verified to be accurate at the time of printing. However, because continuous improvement is a goal at Tesla, we reserve the right to make product or documentation modifications at any time, with or without notice.

The images provided in this document are for demonstration purposes only. Depending on product version and market region, details may appear slightly dierent.

This document does not create contractual obligations for Tesla or its aliates, except to the extent expressly agreed in a contract.

ERRORS OR OMISSIONS
To communicate any inaccuracies or omissions in this manual, please send an email to: energy[email protected].

COPYRIGHT
©2021 TESLA, INC. All rights reserved.

All information in this document is subject to copyright and other intellectual property rights of Tesla, Inc. and its licensors. This material may not be modified, reproduced or copied, in whole or in part, without the prior written permission of Tesla, Inc. and its licensors. Additional information is available upon request. The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of Tesla, Inc. in the United States and other countries:

TESLA
All other trademarks contained in this document are the property of their respective owners and their use herein does not imply sponsorship or endorsement of their products or services. The unauthorized use of any trademark displayed in this document or on the product is strictly prohibited.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

1 Introduction and Scope.................................... 2 2 Company, Contact, & Product Info..............3
3 Handling, Use, & Hazard Precautions........15
4 In Case of Emergency.....................................19 5 Firefighting Measures......................................21 6 Shutting Down in an Emergency...............23
7 First Aid Measures...........................................24 8 Storage Precautions....................................... 25 9 Damaged Product Handling........................26
10 Disposal Procedures..................................... 27 11 Maintenance or Repair.................................. 28 12 Transportation.................................................29 Revision History...................................................30 ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

This guide serves as a resource for emergency responders and Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs) with regards to safety surrounding Tesla Energy Products. This guide should also be reviewed by customers, site managers, and operators to ensure a clear understanding of the hazards and procedures to follow in case of emergencies.

Tesla Energy Products are defined as rechargeable lithium-ion battery energy storage products designed, manufactured, and sold by Tesla, and include products such as Megapack, Powerpack, and Powerwall. The information and recommendations set forth are made in good faith and believed to be accurate as of the date of preparation. TESLA, INC. makes no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to this information.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Company and Contact Information
Products Tesla Energy Products, designed for residential, commercial, and industrial/utility energy applications, and modules and sub-assemblies that can be installed in such products.

Descriptions and specific part numbers are listed in Product Descriptions on page 7.

Locations Headquarters
(USA) 3500 Deer Creek Road
Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
Tel. No. +1 650-681-5000 (do not use for emergencies; see below) Europe and
Africa Burgemeester Stramanweg 122
1101EN Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Tel. No. +31 20 258 3916 (do not use for emergencies; see below) Australia and
Asia Level-14, 15 Blue Street
North Sydney NSW, 2060, Australia
Tel: 1800 686 705 (do not use for emergencies; see below) Manufacturer
(USA) 3500 Deer Creek Road
Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
Tel. No. +1 650-681-5000 (do not use for emergencies; see below) Emergency
Contacts CHEMTREC For Hazardous Materials (or Dangerous Goods) Incidents: Spill, Leak, Fire, Exposure, or Accident Call CHEMTREC Day or Night
Within USA and Canada: 1-800-424-9300
Contract Number: CCN204273
Outside USA and Canada: +1 703-741-5970 (collect calls accepted) Tesla Energy
Technical
Support Contacts
Powerpack & Megapack:
• Hotline numbers (24h / 7d coverage):

North America: +1 650-681-6060
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Japan: 0120 975 214
Asia/Pacific: +61 2 432 802 81
France: +33 173218702
The Netherlands: +31 208885332
Slovenia: +38 617778699
South Africa: +27 213004878
Switzerland: +41 445155607
United Kingdom: +44 1628450645
• Email support: [email protected]
Powerwall:
• Hotline numbers (24h / 7d coverage):

Australia: 1800 646 952
Germany: +49 8955 0520235
Italy: +39 028 731 7132
North America: +(877) 798-3752
South Africa: +27 87 550 3480
Switzerland: +41 618 553028
United Kingdom: +44 162 845 0630
• Email support:

North America: [email protected]
Australia/New Zealand: [email protected]
Japan: [email protected]
Europe/Middle East/Africa: [email protected]
Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are a sub-requirement of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Hazard Communication Standard, 29 CFR Subpart 1910.1200. This Hazard Communication Standard does not apply to various subcategories including anything defined by OSHA as an “article.” OSHA has defined “article” as a manufactured item other than a fluid or particle; (i) which is formed to a specific shape or design during manufacture; (ii) which has end use function(s) dependent in whole or in part upon its shape or design during end use; and (iii) which under normal conditions of use does not release more than very small quantities (e.g., minute or trace amounts) of a hazardous chemical, and does not pose a physical hazard or health risk to employees.

Tesla Energy Products referenced herein meet the OSHA definition of “article.” Thus, they are exempt from the requirements of the Hazard Communication Standard and do not require an SDS. However, SDS are available for non-cell materials found inside these products.

Tesla Energy Products contain sealed lithium-ion battery cells (cells) that are similar to rechargeable batteries in many consumer electronic products. Cells are individually hermetically sealed cylinders approximately 21 mm in diameter and 70 mm in length.

Cells each contain lithium-ion electrodes, which can be composed of:

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

• Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (NCA material), LiNixCoyAlzO2; • Lithium Nickel, Manganese, Cobalt Oxide (NMC material) LiNixMnyCozO2; • Lithium Nickel, Manganese Oxide (NMO material), LiNixMnyO2 • Lithium Cobalt Oxide, LiCoO2;
• or a mixture of these compounds
THE CELLS AND BATTERIES DO NOT CONTAIN METALLIC LITHIUM. Individual cells have nominal voltages of approximately 3.6 V.

Tesla Energy Products also include sealed thermal management systems containing coolants and/or refrigerants. Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are available for these liquid materials. Scan the QR code below or go directly to MSDSonline and enter the Product Name or CAS# to find the appropriate datasheet.

Thermal Contents
Ethylene glycol 50/50 mixture with water
Powerwall 1: 1.6 L of 50/50 mixture
Powerwall 2: 2.3 L of 50/50 mixture
Powerpack 1: 22 L of 50/50 mixture
Powerpack 2: 26 L of 50/50 mixture
Powerpack Inverter: 11 L of 50/50 mixture
Powerpack Pod module: none
Megapack: 540 L of 50/50 mixture
Megapack battery module: 20 L of 50/50 mixture
R-134a: 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane refrigerant
Powerwall 1, 2: none
Powerpack 1, 2: 400 g
Powerpack Pod module: none
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Megapack: 7.6 kg
Megapack battery module: none
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Individual lithium-ion cells are connected to form modules. Modules are battery sub-assemblies. These modules are installed in Tesla Energy Products. Approximate specifications of Tesla Energy Products are listed below.

Powerwall is Tesla’s battery system for residential and light commercial use.

NOTE: Images below are indicative representations designed to assist with product identification.

Existing product models may vary.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Approximate Powerwall Specifications
Powerwall 1 Versions
1050100-x*y*-z* POWERWALL, 2KW,
7KWH
<30 (DC) 450 (DC) -
95 kg(210 lb)
130 cm(51 in)
86 cm(34 in)
18 cm(7 in)
1067000- x*y*-z* POWERWALL, 3.3KW,
7KWH
<30 (DC) 450 (DC) -
95 kg(210 lb)
130 cm(51 in)
86 cm(34 in)
18 cm(7 in)
1068000-x*y*-z* POWERWALL, 6.6KW,
10KWH
<30 (DC) 450 (DC) -
101 kg(223 lb)
130 cm(51 in)
86 cm(34 in)
18 cm(7 in)
* The 8th or 9th digit could be any number or letter and the 10th digit could be any letter.Powerwall 2 Versions1092170-x*y*-z* AC POWERWALL <30 (DC) 450 (DC) 300 (AC) 114 kg(251.3 lb)
115 cm(45.3 in)
75 cm(29.6 in)
14 cm(5.75 in)
1112170-x*y*-z* DC POWERWALL <30 (DC) 450 (DC) -
115 kg(254 lb)
112 cm(44 in)
74 cm(29 in)
14 cm(5.5 in)
2012170-x*-y*-z* AC POWERWALL <30 (DC) 450 (DC) 300 (AC) 114 kg(251.3 lb)
115 cm(45.3 in)
75 cm(29.6 in)
14 cm(5.75 in)
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

3012170-x*-y*-z* AC POWERWALL <30 (DC) 450 (DC) 300 (AC) 114 kg(251.3 lb)
115 cm(45.3 in)
75 cm(29.6 in)
14 cm(5.75 in)
* The 8th or 9th digit could be any number or letter and the 10th digit could be any letter.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Powerpack is Tesla’s energy storage system for commercial and industrial use.

NOTE: Images below are indicative representations designed to assist with product identification.

Existing product models may vary.

1. Powerpack Units (include lithium-ion cells)

2. Powerpack Inverter
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Approximate Powerpack Specifications
Powerpack 1 Versions
1047404-x*y*-z*
POWERPACK(2hr continuous net discharge)
<30 (DC) 450 (DC) 480 (AC)
1680 kg(3700 lb)
219 cm(86 in)
97 cm(38 in)
132 cm(52 in)
1060119-x*y*-z*
POWERPACK(4hr continuous net discharge)
<30 (DC) 450 (DC) 480 (AC)
1665 kg(3670 lb)
219 cm(86 in)
97 cm(38 in)
132 cm(52 in)
1121229-x*y*-z*
POWERPACK(4hr continuous net discharge)
<30 (DC) 450 (DC) 480 (AC)
2160 kg(4765 lb)
219 cm(86 in)
97 cm(38 in)
132 cm(52 in)
* The 8th or 9th digit could be any number or letter and the 10th digit could be any letter.Powerpack 1.5 Version1089288-x*y*-z* POWERPACK 1.5 C/2 SYSTEM
<30 (DC) 960 (DC) 480 (AC)
1622 kg(3575 lb)
219 cm(86 in)
131 cm(51.5 in)
82 cm(32.5 in)
* The 8th or 9th digit could be any number or letter and the 10th digit could be any letter.Powerpack 2 / 2.5 Versions1083931-x*y*-z* (1130518-x*y*-z*) POWERPACK 2,C/4 SYSTEM
<30 (DC) 960 (DC) 480 (AC)
2160 kg(4765 lb)
219 cm(86 in)
131 cm(51.5 in)
82 cm(32.5 in)
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

1083932-x*y*-z* POWERPACK 2,C/2
SYSTEM
<30 (DC) 960 (DC) 480 (AC)
2160 kg(4765 lb)
219 cm(86 in)
131 cm(51.5 in)
82 cm(32.5 in)
1490025-x*y*-z* POWERPACK 2.5,C/4
SYSTEM
<30 (DC) 960 (DC) 480 (AC)
2160 kg(4765 lb)
219 cm(86 in)
131 cm(51.5 in)
82 cm(32.5 in)
1490026-x*y*-z* POWERPACK 2.5,C/2
SYSTEM
<30 (DC) 960 (DC) 480 (AC)
2160 kg(4765 lb)
219 cm(86 in)
131 cm(51.5 in)
82 cm(32.5 in)
1490027-x*y*-z* POWERPACK 2.5,C/2
SYSTEM
<30 (DC) 960 (DC) 480 (AC)
2160 kg(4765 lb)
219 cm(86 in)
131 cm(51.5 in)
82 cm(32.5 in)
* The 8th or 9th digit could be any number or letter and the 10th digit could be any letter.Spare PartsN/A POWERPACK POD MODULE
<30 (DC) 960 (DC) N/A
98 kg(215 lb)
12 cm(5 in)
100 cm(39 in)
75 cm(29 in)
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Megapack is Tesla’s all-in-one utility-scale energy storage system.

NOTE: Images below are indicative representations designed to assist with product identification.

Existing product models may vary.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Approximate Megapack Specifications
Megapack (all versions - dimensions as measured for enclosure envelope for 1462965-x*y*-z*) 1462965-x*y*-z* MEGAPACK <450 (DC) 960 (DC) 518 (AC)
25,400 kg(56,000 lb) (max)
252.2 cm(99 in)
716.8 cm(282 in) (length)
165.9 cm(65 in)
* The 8th or 9th digit could be any number or letter and the 10th digit could be any letter.Spare PartsN/A MEGAPACK

BATTERY MODULE
<450 (DC) 960 (DC) N/A
1,085 kg(2,400 lb)
66 cm(26 in)
81 cm(32 in)
149 cm(59 in)
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

The products described by this document are dangerous if mishandled. Injury to property or person, including loss of life is possible if mishandled.

Tesla Energy Products contain lithium-ion batteries. A battery is a source of energy. Do not short circuit, puncture, incinerate, crush, immerse, force discharge or expose to temperatures above the declared operating temperature range of the product. An internal or external short circuit can cause significant overheating and provide an ignition source resulting in fire, including surrounding materials or materials within the cell or battery. Under normal conditions of use, the electrode materials and electrolyte they contain are not exposed, provided the battery integrity is maintained and seals remain intact. Risk of exposure may occur only in cases of abuse (mechanical, thermal, electrical).

Under normal conditions of use, provided that a Tesla Energy Product enclosure remains closed, handling the product does not pose an electrical hazard. Numerous safeguards have been designed into Tesla Energy Products to help ensure that the high voltage battery is kept safe and secure as a result of a number of expected abuse conditions. All of the constituent component battery cells are sealed within the product as sub-groups within enclosures (Pods for Powerpack or battery modules for Megapack).

In Powerpack and Megapack, the exterior of each Pod/battery module is isolated from internal components and connectors are touch-safe. Pods are then installed in a rigid metal enclosure, which is isolated from high voltage. Megapack battery modules are similarly sealed and cannot be accessed from the exterior. In the Powerwall, the module is contained within the unit and not accessible to non-Tesla personnel. Access to these components is limited to Tesla-authorized personnel only.

A Tesla Energy Product may pose a significant high voltage and electrocution risk if the outer enclosure, Pod / battery module enclosures and/or safety circuits have been compromised or have been significantly damaged. A battery pack, even in a normally discharged condition, is likely to contain substantial electrical charge and can cause injury or death if mishandled. If a Tesla Energy Product has been significantly visibly damaged or its enclosure compromised, practice appropriate high-voltage preventative measures until the danger has been assessed (and dissipated if necessary).

WARNING: NEVER CUT INTO A SEALED TESLA ENERGY PRODUCT ENCLOSURE due to the high voltage and electrocution risks.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

For proper installation / removal instructions please contact the Tesla Service Support team (Identification of Company and Contact Information on page 3).

Mechanical damage to Tesla Energy Products can result in a number of hazardous conditions (discussed below) including:
• Leaked battery pack coolant (see Hazards Associated with Leaked Coolant on page 16) • Leaked refrigerant (Powerpack System and Megapack only, see Hazards Associated with Leaked Refrigerant (Powerpack and Megapack Only) on page 16)
• Leaked cell electrolyte (see Hazards Associated with Leaked Electrolyte on page 17) • Rapid heating of individual cells due to exothermic reaction of constituent materials (cell thermal runaway), venting of cells, and propagation of self-heating and thermal runaway reactions to neighboring cells.
• Fire
To prevent mechanical damage to Tesla Energy Products, these items should be stored in their original packaging when not in use or prior to being installed (see Storage Precautions on page 25).

Tesla Energy Products are designed to withstand operating ambient temperatures up to 50°C (122°F), with up to 100% operating humidity (condensing), and storage temperatures up to 60°C (140°F) and <95% relative humidity (non-condensing) for up to 24 hours without aecting the health of the unit.

Prolonged exposure of Tesla Energy Products to temperatures beyond that can drive battery cells into thermal runaway and result in a fire. Exposure of battery packs to localized heat sources such as flames could result in cell thermal runaway reactions and should be avoided.

Thermal management of Tesla Energy Products is achieved via liquid cooling using a 50/50 mixture of ethylene glycol and water. A typical Powerpack battery unit includes about 26 L of coolant (Powerpack 2/2.5) or about 22 L of coolant (Powerpack 1). A typical Powerwall unit includes about 1.6 L of coolant (Powerwall 1) or about 2.3 L of coolant (Powerwall 2). The Powerpack Inverter (fully populated) includes about 11 L of coolant. A typical Megapack includes about 540 L of coolant. Mechanical damage of a Tesla Energy Product that has been installed could result in leakage of the coolant. The fluid is blue in color and does not emit a strong odor.

For information regarding the toxicological hazards associated with ethylene glycol, as well as ecological eects and disposal considerations, refer to the specific Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for battery coolant.

Extended exposure of a Tesla Energy Product to leaked coolant could cause additional damage to the product such as corrosion and compromise of protection electronics.

The Powerpack and Megapack thermal management system includes 400 g and 7.6 kg respectively of R-134a: 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane refrigerant in a sealed system. Mechanical damage of a Powerpack or Megapack could result in a release of the refrigerant. Such a release would appear similar to the emission of smoke.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

For information regarding the toxicological hazards associated with R-134a, as well as ecological eects and disposal considerations, refer to the specific Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for R-134a.

The electrolyte within constituent cells includes a volatile hydrocarbon-based liquid and a dissolved lithium salt (which is a source of lithium ions) such as lithium hexafluorophosphate. The electrolyte in Tesla Energy Products' cells is largely absorbed in electrodes within individual sealed cells. The electrolyte reacts with those materials and is consumed during normal operation of the batteries. As such, the absence of free liquid electrolyte makes it impractical to report the volume of electrolyte within Tesla Energy Products.

The possibility of a spill of electrolyte from Tesla Energy Products is very remote. Electrolyte can be extracted from a single cell using a centrifuge, or under some extreme abuse conditions such as a severe crush. However, it is very dicult to mechanically damage cells in such a way as to cause leakage of electrolyte. Even if a single cell were damaged in a manner that could cause electrolyte leakage, it is extremely dicult to cause a leak from more than a few cells due to any incident. Furthermore, cells are connected into modules which are placed within a sealed steel compartmentalized enclosure. Each compartment has the capacity to contain liquid from a large number of individual cells. For the electrolyte liquid to come into contact with a user of a Tesla Energy Product, the external enclosure, the Pod/battery module enclosure, and the cell would have to be severely mechanically damaged. As such, Tesla Energy Products are deemed not to pose a liquid electrolyte release hazard.

Any released electrolyte liquid is likely to evaporate rapidly, leaving a white salt residue. Evaporated electrolyte is flammable and will contain alkyl-carbonate compounds. Leaked electrolyte is colorless and characterized by a sweet odor. If an odor is obvious, evacuate or clear the surrounding area and ventilate the area.

WARNING: AVOID CONTACT WITH ELECTROLYTE.

Leaked electrolyte solution is flammable and corrosive / irritating to the eyes and skin. If a liquid is observed that is suspected electrolyte, ventilate the area and avoid contact with the liquid until a positive identification can be made and sucient protective equipment can be obtained (eye, skin, and respiratory protection). Chemical classifier strips can be used to identify the spilled liquid (electrolyte will contain petroleum/organic solvent and fluoride compounds).

In case of an electrolyte leak, the following protective equipment is recommended: an air purifying respirator with organic vapor/acid gas cartridges (e.g. P100 masks), safety goggles or a full-face respirator, and safety gloves (Butyl rubber or laminated film (e.g., Silver Shield)). Protective clothing should be worn. Use a dry absorbent material to clean up a spill.

NOTE: An acceptable exposure concentration of electrolyte has not been identified by the American Council of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). In case of electrolyte leakage from the battery, the oral (rat) LD50 is greater than 2 g/kg (estimated).

Lithium-ion cells are sealed units, and thus under normal usage conditions, venting of electrolyte should not occur. If subjected to abnormal heating or other abuse conditions, electrolyte and electrolyte decomposition products can vaporize and be vented from cells. Accumulation of liquid electrolyte is unlikely in the case of abnormal heating. Vented gases are a common early indicator of a thermal runaway reaction – an abnormal and hazardous condition.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

If a suspicious odor is detected near a Tesla Energy Product, or, more generally, gases or smoke are observed escaping from a Tesla Energy Product, evacuate the area and notify a first responder team and/or the local fire department. Gases or smoke exiting a lithium-ion battery pack are likely flammable and could ignite unexpectedly as the condition that led to cell venting may also cause ignition of the vent gases. A venting Tesla Energy Product should only be approached with extreme caution by trained first responders equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), as discussed in Firefighter PPE on page

22. Cell vent gas composition will depend upon a number of factors, including cell composition, cell state of charge, and the cause of cell venting. Vent gases may include volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as alkyl-carbonates, methane, ethylene, and ethane; hydrogen gas; carbon dioxide; carbon monoxide; soot; and particulates containing oxides of nickel, aluminum, lithium, copper, and cobalt. Additionally, phosphorus pentafluoride, POF3, and HF vapors may form.

WARNING: AVOID CONTACT WITH VENTED GASES.

Vented gases may irritate the eyes, skin, and throat. Cell vent gases are typically hot; upon exit from a cell, vent gas temperatures can exceed 600°C (1,110°F). Contact with hot gases can cause thermal burns. Vented electrolyte is flammable and may ignite on contact with a competent ignition source such as an open flame, spark, or a suciently heated surface. Vented electrolyte may also ignite on contact with cells undergoing a thermal runaway reaction.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

WARNING: In case of emergency, severe physical impact, or transportation accident, do not approach the product or open any of its doors.

WARNING: In case of severe physical impact or transportation accident, it may take time before any visible indication of an abnormal and hazardous condition (e.g. smoke or fire) can be observed.

Contact Tesla Energy Technical Support for guidance (Identification of Company and Contact Information on page 3).

CAUTION: Response should only be performed by trained professionals.

During storage or operation, cases of emergency include but are not limited to:
• Suspicious odor observed near a Tesla Energy Product
• Smoke or fire emanating from a Tesla Energy Product
• Severe physical impact on a Tesla Energy Product
In case of emergency, the following should be performed:

1. If possible, shut o the unit/system (see Shutting Down in an Emergency on page 23).

2. Evacuate the area.

3. If not already present, notify appropriately trained first responders, the local fire department, and any appointed subject matter expert (SME) if available.

4. Contact Tesla Energy Technical Support for guidance (Identification of Company and Contact Information on page 3).

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

During transportation, cases of emergency include but are not limited to:
• Suspicious odor observed near a Tesla Energy Product
• Smoke or fire emanating from a Tesla Energy Product
• Transportation accident causing a severe physical impact on a Tesla Energy Product • Transportation accident leading to tipping over of a Tesla Energy Product In case of emergency, the following should be performed:

1. If possible, move the unit/system to an open area and away from exposures (e.g. buildings, flammable material, or people).

2. Evacuate the area.

3. If signs of suspicious odor, smoke, or fire are detected, notify appropriately trained first responders, the local fire department, and any appointed subject matter expert (SME) if available.

4. Contact Tesla Energy Technical Support for guidance (Identification of Company and Contact Information on page 3).

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

WARNING: Response should only be performed by trained professionals. In the event of a response to a Tesla product fire or hazardous event, contact Tesla Energy Technical Support for guidance (Identification of Company and Contact Information on page 3).

Smoke or suspicious odor emanating from a Tesla Energy Product can be an indication of an abnormal and hazardous condition. Battery thermal runaway fires are preceded by a period of smoke. The smoke is likely flammable and may ignite at any time. If fire, smoke, or suspicious odor is observed emanating from a Tesla Energy Product at any time, the following should be performed:

1. If possible, shut o the unit/system (see Shutting Down in an Emergency on page 23).

2. Evacuate the area.

WARNING: When responding to a fire event with the Powerpack System, do not approach the Powerpack units from the front (door-side) or the rear. Perform all incident response from the sides of the units. Do not attempt to open the enclosure doors or come in contact with the units.

WARNING: When responding to a fire event with Megapack, do not approach the unit and attempt to open any doors. The doors are designed to remain shut, and built-in deflagration vents in the roof of the unit will vent any smoke and flame out of the top of the unit and front thermal system intake louvers.

3. If not already done, contact Tesla Energy Technical Support for assistance (Identification of Company and Contact Information on page 3).

4. Maintain a safe distance from the unit and monitor (Defensive Firefighting on page 22) for evidence of continued smoke venting or fire.

WARNING: There may be periods of up to three hours at a time during which the thermal runaway propagates from battery modules to battery modules. During such time, the battery may not generate visible signs of thermal event although the event can still be active and the battery can flare up.
a. If a fire has not developed and only smoke is visible, take a defensive stance toward the system and be prepared to apply water spray.
b. If a fire develops, take a defensive stance toward the burning unit and apply water spray to neighboring battery enclosures and exposures to further mitigate the spread of the hazard.

5. Allow the battery pack to cool down for a minimum of 12 hours after all fire and smoke has visibly subsided.

6. Monitor the temperature of the battery pack using a thermal imaging camera to determine if it is safe to interact with the unit.

7. Contact Tesla Energy Technical Support for next steps (Identification of Company and Contact Information on page 3).

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Tesla’s recommendation is to fight a Tesla Energy Product fire defensively. The fire crew should maintain a safe distance in any direction of at least:
• 5 m from Powerwall
• 10 m from Powerpack
• 20 m from Megapack
WARNING: Depending on the conditions of the event (such as location of the burning battery, wind speed and direction) a safe distance may be higher than those prescribed above.

The fire crew should allow the battery to burn itself out, during which it is recommended to apply water spray to neighboring battery enclosures and exposures to further mitigate the spread of the hazards rather than directly onto the burning unit. Applying water directly to the aected enclosure will not stop the thermal runaway event, as the fire will be located behind several layers of steel material, and direct application of water has shown to only delay the eventual combustion of the entire unit.

WARNING: In confined spaces, if water is used directly on the enclosure that is burning, electrolysis of water (splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen) may contribute to the flammable gas mixture formed by venting cells, burning plastic, and burning of other combustibles.

Water spray has been deemed safe as an agent for use on exposed Tesla Energy Products. Water is considered the preferred agent for managing lithium-ion battery fires. Gaseous agents such as CO2, Halon, or dry chemical suppressants may temporarily suppress flaming of lithium-ion battery packs, but they will not cool lithium-ion batteries and will not limit the propagation of cell thermal runaway reactions. Metal fire suppressants such as LITH-X, graphite powder, or copper powder are not appropriate agents for suppressing fires involving lithium-ion battery packs as they are unlikely to be eective.

A battery fire may continue for several hours and it may take 24 hours or longer for the battery pack to cool after it has been fully consumed by a thermal runaway event. After all fire and smoke has visibly subsided for at least 12 hours, a thermal imaging camera can be used to actively measure the temperature of the unit and determine if it is safe to interact with.

Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and fire-protective turnout gear. Cells or batteries may flame or leak potentially hazardous organic vapors if exposed to excessive heat, fire, or overvoltage conditions. These vapors may include volatile organic compounds (VOCs), hydrogen gas, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, soot, and particulates containing oxides of nickel, aluminum, lithium, copper, and cobalt. Additionally, phosphorus pentafluoride, POF3, and HF vapors may form.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

WARNING: Shutting o power to a Tesla Energy Product does not de-energize the battery, and a shock hazard may still be present.

WARNING: If smoke or fire is visible, do not approach the product or open any of its doors.

WARNING: In case of flooding, stay out of the water if any part of the Tesla Energy Product or wiring is submerged.

To shut o the Powerpack System, Megapack, or Powerwall in an emergency, perform the appropriate steps and then contact Tesla (Identification of Company and Contact Information on page 3):

1. If an external emergency stop (E-Stop) button or remote shutdown contact to the Powerpack is present, engage it.

2. If the Powerpack is serviced upstream by an external AC breaker or disconnect, open the breaker or disconnect.

1. If an external E-Stop button or remote shutdown contact to the Megapack is present, engage it.

2. If the Megapack is serviced upstream by an external AC breaker or disconnect, open the breaker or disconnect.

1. If there is solar generation on-site, turn o each solar inverter, then turn o the AC breaker of each inverter.

2. If an E-Stop button or remote shutdown contact to the Powerwall is present, engage it.

3. Only if safe to do so, turn o each Powerwall using the on/o switch.

4. Turn o the AC breaker of each Powerwall.

5. If the emergency aects the rest of the site, turn o the entire site by opening the main service disconnect(s).

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Seek immediate medical assistance if an electrical shock or electrocution has occurred (or is suspected).

The constituent battery cells are sealed. Contents of an open (broken) constituent battery cell can cause skin irritation and/or chemical burns. If materials from a ruptured or otherwise damaged cell or battery contact skin, flush immediately with water and wash aected area with soap and water. If a chemical burn occurs or if irritation persists, seek medical assistance.

For eye contact, flush with significant amounts of water for 15 minutes without rubbing and see a physician at once.

If inhalation of electrolyte vapors occurs, move person into fresh air. If not breathing give artificial respiration and seek immediate medical assistance.

The constituent battery cells are sealed and venting of cells should not occur during normal use. If inhalation of vent gases occurs, move person into fresh air. If not breathing give artificial respiration. Seek immediate medical assistance.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Powerpack systems, Powerwalls, and sub-assemblies should be stored in approved packaging prior to installation. Megapack does not include packaging and can be stored as-shipped with a tarp.

Do not store Tesla Energy Products in a manner that allows terminals to short circuit (do not allow the formation of an electrically-conductive path).

Elevated temperatures can result in reduced battery service life. Tesla Energy Products can withstand ambient temperatures of -40°C to 60°C for up to 24 hours. However, Tesla Energy Products stored for longer than one month should be stored at ambient temperatures between -20°C and 30°C (-4°F and 86°F), at humidity <95%, and protected from condensation. Storing at temperatures outside the recommended range can result in degradation of product lifetime. Do not store Tesla Energy Products near heating equipment.

Ideally, a Tesla Energy Product should be stored at 50% state of charge (SOC) or less. Tesla Energy Products should not be stored for extended periods either at a full SOC or completely discharged since both conditions adversely impact battery life. Tesla Energy Products should not be stored untended for longer than twelve months since battery service life likely will be adversely impacted.

The storage area should be protected from flooding.

Long-term storage areas should be compliant with the appropriate local fire code requirements.

Acceptable storage density of battery packs and storage height of battery packs will be defined by the local authority having jurisdiction (AHJ). Requirements and limits will be based upon a number of factors including the structural and fire protection characteristics of the storage area and recommendations for fire protection promulgated by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and similar organizations. At the time of this writing, no standard Commodity Classification has been defined for lithium-ion cells or battery packs (see 2016 NFPA 13: Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems). Tesla products only have a 30-40 % state of charge (SOC) while in storage which reduces the energy impact on fire occurrences. As an example of the reduced energy, the 30% level has been determined to be acceptable for air flight shipping based upon extensive testing and analysis in conjunction with the FAA. Tesla recommends treating lithiumion cells and batteries in packaging as equivalent to a Group A Plastic Commodity.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

This section describes the handling, storage, and transportation of damaged Tesla Energy Products If the event of damage to a Tesla Energy Product, contact Tesla immediately (Identification of Company and Contact Information on page 3).

If a Tesla Energy Product has been damaged (battery enclosure has been dented or compromised), it is possible that heating is occurring that may eventually lead to a fire. Damaged or opened cells/batteries can result in rapid heating (due to exothermic reaction of constituent materials), the release of flammable vapors, and propagation of self-heating and thermal runaway reactions to neighboring cells.

Before handling or transporting a damaged Tesla Energy Product, wait at least 24 hours. Smoke may be an indication that a thermal reaction is in progress. If no smoke, flame, sign of coolant leakage, or signs of heat has been observed for 24 hours, the Tesla Energy Product may be disconnected and moved to a safe location. To obtain specific instructions for evaluating, disconnecting, and preparing a damaged Tesla Energy Product for transport, please contact the Tesla Service team (Identification of Company and Contact Information on page 3).

A damaged Tesla Energy Product should be monitored during storage for evidence of smoke, flame, sign of coolant leakage, or signs of heat. If full-time monitoring of the Product is not possible (for example during extended storage), the Product should be moved to a safe storage location.

A safe storage location for a damaged battery will be free of flammable materials, accessible only by trained professionals, and 50 feet (15m) downwind of occupied structures. For example, a fenced, open yard may be an appropriate safe location. DO NOT STORE DAMAGED TESLA ENERGY PRODUCTS ADJACENT TO UNDAMAGED TESLA ENERGY PRODUCTS. It is possible that a damaged battery may sustain further damage during transportation and may lead to a fire. To further reduce this risk, handle the damaged battery with extreme caution.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Tesla Energy lithium-ion batteries do not contain heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, or mercury.

The procedures below apply to Tesla Energy Products at the end of their life (EOL). For disposal after a fire or thermal event, please contact Tesla for guidance (Identification of Company and Contact Information on page 3).

Tesla Energy Products should be disposed of or recycled in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations. Note that regulations regarding disposal of batteries vary by jurisdiction. In the United States, batteries are classified as Universal Waste, and in addition, many individual states have specific regulations regarding disposal of battery packs. For example, in California, all batteries must be taken to a Universal Waste handler or authorized recycling facility.

Tesla Energy Products contain recyclable materials. Tesla strongly encourages recycling. At this time, when a Tesla product must be decommissioned, we request that it be returned to a Tesla facility for disassembly and further processing.

If disposing without return to Tesla, please consult with local, state and/or federal authorities on the appropriate methods for disposal and recycling. Tesla has confirmed that at least two recycling processors are capable of recycling Tesla battery products in North America and three in the Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA) region.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Tesla requests all maintenance, service, and repairs of Tesla Energy Products be performed by Teslaapproved service personnel or Tesla authorized repair facilities. This includes all proactive and corrective maintenance over the lifetime of a Tesla Energy Product. Improper service or repair by personnel not approved nor authorized by Tesla could void the product’s Limited Warranty, lead to failure of the Tesla Energy product, and potentially result in development of an unsafe condition and unexpected electrical events.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Lithium-ion batteries are regulated as Class 9 Miscellaneous dangerous goods (also known as “hazardous materials”) pursuant to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air, International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations, the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code, European Agreements concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail (RID) and Road (ADR), and applicable national regulations such as the USA’s hazardous materials regulations (see 49 CFR 173.185). These regulations contain very specific packaging, labeling, marking, and documentation requirements. The regulations also require that individuals involved in the preparation of dangerous goods for transport be trained on how to properly package, label, mark and prepare shipping documents.

NOTE: Transportation regulations vary by region. To ensure compliant transportation, always refer to local regulations as applicable.

UN Number 3480
Proper Shipping Name Lithium-Ion Batteries
Hazard Classification Class 9 Miscellaneous
Packing Group N/A
NOTE: The information and recommendations set forth are made in good faith and believed to be accurate as of the date of preparation. TESLA, INC. makes no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to this information.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Revision # Date Description
01 14-July-2015 ERG for Tesla Powerpack systems, Powerwalls, and Sub-assemblies 02 3-Sept-2015 Added part numbers, updated weights, voltages, and temperatures, clarified hazards associated with spilled electrolyte, updated storage requirements, updated warning label icons, updated packing group.
03 3-Oct-2016 Added part numbers, minor edits
04 30-June-2017 Added fire ground operations response for Powerpack 2, including approach; exhaust gases; and safety. Updated general product information and contacts, as well as part numbers and reman numbers
05 22-Oct 2018 Reformatted for ease of use and translation; removed Confidential status; corrected phone number for CHEMTREC
06 27-Feb-2019 Updated storage conditions and firefighting measures section to provide further context on response tactics to Tesla Energy Product fires. Adjusted formatting, included graphics for warnings and notices. 07 17-Dec-2019 Updates to contact information (Tesla contact), product specs section, leaked electrolyte section, and inclusion of Megapack throughout the document.

1.8 March 11, 2020 Fixed footer; fixed styles.

2.0 July 8, 2020 • Updated formatting
• Updated product specs
• Updated contact info
• Corrected elevated temperature topic to include Megapack • Corrected name of Tesla Inverter to Powerpack Inverter • Separated information on shutting down into its own topic for visibility • Reorganized the Firefighting section for clarity
• Updated language on re-ignition risks

2.1 August 28,
2020
Added spare parts specifications:
• Megapack battery module
• Powerpack Pod module

2.2 June 23, 2021 • Updated contact information in Identification of Company and Contact Information on page 3
• Updated specs according to updated products in SDS Information on page 4
• Added Powerwall part numbers to SDS Information on page 4 • Enhanced firefighting guidance: Firefighting Measures on page 21 • Added guidance in case of emergency: In Case of Emergency on page 19 • Added additional early signs of thermal runaway: Hazards Associated with Vented Electrolyte on page 17
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Revision # Date Description
• Updated Powerwall instructions in Shutting Down in an Emergency on page 23

2.3 July 28, 2021 • Added coolant volume for separately shipped Megapack battery modules (SDS Information on page 4)
• Clarified firefighting guidance (Firefighting Measures on page 21) • Enhanced product identification information (Product Descriptions on page 7)
• Simplified emergency shut-down procedures for Megapack and Powerpack (Shutting Down in an Emergency on page 23)
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

© Copyright 2021 Tesla, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Appendix B
Biological Resources Assessment
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

May 9, 2023 13267.05
Parker Hills
Vesper Energy
125 E. John Carpenter Fwy, Ste 525
Irving, Texas 75062
Subject: Biological Resources Assessment, Juniper Creek Energy Storage Project Dear Mr. Hills,
Dudek is pleased to present Vesper Energy with this Biological Resources Assessment (BRA) letter report for the proposed Juniper Creek Energy Storage Project (Project). The purpose of this BRA is to describe the existing conditions and identify potential biological resource constraints within the Project site and vicinity. As part of BRA, Dudek biologists performed a reconnaissance-level field survey to identify and characterize resources within the Project area, with particular focus on the potential for occurrence of known special-status plant and wildlife species and other sensitive resources. This BRA includes a literature review and database search specific to biological resources; and a compilation of results as they apply to the Project and general vicinity (i.e., within five miles of the Project boundary) (Attachment A, Figures 1 and 2).

Sincerely,
____________________________________
Keith Carwana
Environmental Compliance Manager
Att.: Attachment A- Figures 1-8
Attachment B- Photo Record
Attachment C- Database Search Results
Attachment D- Observed Plant and Wildlife Species Compendium Attachment E- Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area cc: Morgan Kennedy- Dudek
Anna (Godinho) Touchstone- Dudek
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 2 MAY 2023
1 Introduction

1.1 Project Description
Vesper Energy is proposing to construct an approximately 200-megawatt Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) within the 6-acre Project Study Area (PSA), which encompasses the entirety of the proposed Project boundary. The proposed Project will be composed of lithium-ion batteries installed in racks, inverters, medium-voltage (MV) transformers, a collector substation, and other associated equipment to interconnect with the existing and adjacent Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) Cordova Substation (Point of Interconnection [POI]). The batteries will be installed either in containers or in purpose-built enclosures. The containers or enclosures will have battery storage racks, with relay and communications systems for automated monitoring and managing of the batteries to ensure performance and safety. A battery management system will be provided to control the charging/discharging of the batteries, along with temperature monitoring and control of the individual battery cell temperature with an integrated cooling system. Batteries operate with direct current (DC) electricity, which must be converted to alternating current (AC) for compatibility with the existing electric grid. Power inverters to convert between AC and DC, along with transformers to step up the voltage, will be included as part of the Project. The Project also entails improvements to the existing SMUD Cordova Substation to interconnect and accommodate the Project. The improvements will be entirely located within the substation’s developed footprint and are expected to include completion of a bay within the Cordova Substation by adding an additional circuit breaker and disconnect switch.

Specific upgrades will be finalized through the ongoing interconnection process with SMUD. The Project also entails modification of the existing SMUD Hedge-Cordova 230kV remedial action scheme (RAS) at the existing Hedge and Cordova substations. Modification of the RAS is limited to digital programming changes for grid protection and relaying. No ground disturbing activities are anticipated at the SMUD Hedge Substation.

1.2 Project Location
The PSA is comprised of approximately 5.69 acres consisting of Assessor’s Parcel Number (APN) 067-0780-011- 0000 within the incorporated City of Rancho Cordova, California. The PSA is currently undeveloped and is situated east of the Sunridge Park Village residential community and northeast of the SMUD Cordova Substation. The remainder of the surrounding area to the northeast, east, and southeast is undeveloped land (Attachment A, Figures 1- Project Location and Figure 2- Project Site). Photographs of the PSA and vicinity have been compiled in Attachment B, Photo Record.

Existing overhead high-voltage transmission lines connecting to the SMUD Cordova Substation are located to the north and northeast of the PSA. Canyonlands Drive, a two-lane paved road that provides access to the SMUD Cordova Substation, is located north of the PSA. A summary of details pertaining to the PSA and location are provided below:
▪ County: Sacramento
▪ City: Rancho Cordova
▪ Public Land Survey System: Township 8N, Range 7E, Sections 9, 10, 15, 16, ▪ U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-Minute Quadrangle: Buffalo Creek ▪ Latitude, Longitude (decimal degrees): 38.554502°, -121.206732° (centroid) ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 3 MAY 2023
▪ Assessor Parcel Numbers: 067-0780-011-0000
▪ Elevation Range (feet): 200 to 207 above mean sea level (amsl) ▪ PSA: Approximately 5.69 acres
2 Regulatory Overview

2.1 South Sacramento Habitat Conservation Plan
The South Sacramento Habitat Conservation Plan (SSHCP) ensures preservation of species, natural communities, and aquatic resources in the Plan Area; while providing an improved environmental permitting process for “Covered Activity” projects that impact listed special-status species, listed species habitats, or aquatic resources. The City of Rancho Cordova is one of the Land Use Authority Permittees under the SSHCP. The PSA falls within the SSHCP Plan Area. SSHCP does not expressly include utility-scale battery energy storage, however urban solar energy projects and other energy-generating projects within the UDA may be ‘Covered Activities’, provided they meet all SSHCP criteria.

Federal and State Permitting
The SSHCP, and its associated Aquatic Resources Program (ARP), provides local jurisdictions an abbreviated and streamlined process for federal and state permitting by agencies such as the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), the U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Specifically, the SSHCP is designed to comply with the following (Sacramento County 2018):
▪ Federal Endangered Species Act (FESA)
▪ California Endangered Species Act (CESA)
▪ Clean Water Act (CWA)
▪ California Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act
▪ California Fish and Game Code (FGC) Sections 1600–1616 The Plan is also consistent with other federal and state wildlife and natural resource–related laws and regulations, including
▪ Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA)
▪ Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (BGEPA)
▪ California FGC Sections 3511, 4700, 5050, and 5515 (fully protected species) ▪ California FGC, Section 3503 (bird nests)
▪ California FGC, Section 3503.5 (birds of prey)
▪ National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
▪ California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)
▪ National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA)
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 4 MAY 2023
Covered Activities
“Covered Activities” are projects or activities that are allowable under SSHCP and can use the SSHCP to mitigate for impacts that result from implementation of the Covered Activity. Covered Activities within the Urban Development Area of the Plan Area include activities and projects related to urban development and associated infrastructure. Covered Activities also include actions within the proposed SSHCP Preserve System that are required to manage, monitor, enhance, and re-establish or establish habitat. The Project falls within the Covered Activity Category “Covered Activities in Preserve Setback in the UDA”. The SSHCP also includes Avoidance and Minimization Measures (AMMs) as conditions on Covered Activities. Each condition contains several AMMs that are intended to eliminate or reduce direct or indirect effects to special-status species that could result from implementation of a Covered Activity. In addition, the SSHCP provides species-specific take and avoidance measures to avoid or minimize effects of Covered Activities on specific SSHCP Covered Species (Sacramento County 2018).

For Covered Activities in Preserve Setback in the UDA (i.e., EDGE-3), any Urban Development Covered Activities constructed adjacent to existing or planned Preserves must establish a minimum 50-foot-wide setback outward from the boundary of any existing Preserve or planned SSHCP Preserve. This minimum 50-foot-wide setback will function as a transition between Urban Development and the Preserve and must be managed to maintain the natural community of vegetation present in the adjacent Preserve. As much of the setback as possible should remain in the same natural habitat as the Preserve. Note that the area within a preserve setback will not be counted when calculating SSHCP fees for Project impacts, except where allowed Preserve Setback Covered Activities (e.g., bike paths) occur. Preserve Setbacks will not be used to mitigate impacts to SSHCP Covered Species modeled habitat (Sacramento County 2018).

Permit Process
Prior to submitting an SSHCP permit application package, a third-party entity (i.e., the Project) is encouraged to have a pre-application meeting with their appropriate Land Use Authority Permittee (i.e., City or Rancho Cordova).

The purpose of the pre-submittal meeting is to allow the Land Use Authority Permittees to explain what information must be assembled for a specific project in support of the SSHCP permit application. Pre-application meetings are recommended early in the process to discuss SSCHP criteria and to avoid delays in project approvals. A Land Use Authority Permittee may require a fee for these pre-application meetings and/or pre-submitted project proposal review (Sacramento County 2018).

Next, the third-party entity should submit their SSHCP permit application package to the Land Use Authority Permittee that has land use jurisdiction over their proposed project. Only the Land Use Authority Permittee with land use jurisdiction over a proposed project may extend coverage under the SSHCP permits. The Land Use Authority Permittee will then review the SSHCP permit application for consistency with all the SSHCP requirements. Based on this review and a determination of SSHCP requirements, the Land Use Authority Permittee can establish conditions of approval specifying SSHCP conditions and SSHCP development fee requirements. Each Land Use Authority Permittee is responsible for ensuring that Covered Activities fully comply with the terms of the Plan (Sacramento County 2018).

Lastly, note that many private Third-Party Project Proponent Covered Activities will require a land use approval and be subject to the CEQA. For such Covered Activities, review of SSHCP permit applications should generally be undertaken concurrently with the CEQA environmental review. To facilitate this approach, the Land Use Authority ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 5 MAY 2023
Permittee should generally request that Third-Party Project Proponents submit an SSHCP permit application package as part of the land use approval application and CEQA process (Sacramento County 2018). 3 Methods

3.1 Literature Review and Database Search
Dudek completed a database and literature evaluation of special-status biological and aquatic resources that have the potential PSA. The database and literature evaluation assessed the “PSA vicinity”, which specifically includes the general and nearby areas adjacent to the PSA, not to exceed up to five miles. Resources and search parameters used during the desktop-level review include are detailed below. Outputs of database results have been compiled in Attachment C, Database Results.
▪ CDFW California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB) nine USGS 7.5-minute Quad search of Buffalo Creek, Carbondale, Carmichael, Citrus Heights, Clarksville, Elk Grove, Folsom, Folsom SE, and Sloughhouse; and within a five-mile buffer search for special-status species (CDFW 2021a). ▪ California Native Plant Society (CNPS) Online Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants nine USGS 7.5- minute Quad search of Buffalo Creek, Carmichael, Citrus Heights, Elk Grove, Florin, Folsom, Rio Linda, Sacramento East, and Sloughhouse (CNPS 2021a).
▪ Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) National Flood Hazard Layer geospatial database (FEMA 2021).
▪ Google Earth current and historical aerial imagery (Google Earth 2021). ▪ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) West Coast Data Inventory via ArcGIS (NOAA 2021).
▪ Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Web Soil Survey (USDA 2021). ▪ The SSHCP (Sacramento County 2018).
▪ USFWS Environmental Conservation Online System Threatened and Endangered Species Active Critical Habitat Report data via ArcGIS (USFWS 2021a).
▪ USFWS Information for Planning and Consultation (IPaC) Trust Resource Report for the PSA (USFWS 2021c).
▪ USFWS National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) Mapper of historical wetland data (USFWS 2021c). ▪ USGS National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) to assess potential surface water features occurring in the PSA vicinity (USGS 2021b).

In Addition, Dudek reviewed secondary resources such as the Calflora database, the Jepson Herbarium online for vegetation and specialty soil resources occurring in Sacramento County, and the CNPS Manual of California Vegetation Online for vegetation community descriptions and classification attributes (Calflora 2021; Jepson eFlora 2021; CNPS 2021b).

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 6 MAY 2023

3.2 Reconnaissance-Level Field Survey
Dudek biologist Anna Godinho conducted a reconnaissance-level biological field survey of the PSA on December 6, 2021. The survey was conducted from 1053 to 1330 with the following conditions present: 50°Farhenit (F) to 59°Farhenit (F), no wind, and 100% cloud cover. The purpose of the field survey was to determine baseline and site status by map existing vegetation communities and land covers (i.e., specifically those modeled within the SSHCP), identify special-status plant or wildlife species, to determine the likelihood of special-status plant or wildlife species to occur on the PSA based on present habitat and condition/suitability of the habitat (Attachment C, Table of Special-Status Species with Potential to Occur), and identify commonly occurring plant or wildlife species within the PSA (Attachment D, Observed Plant and Wildlife Species Compendium). No protocol-level surveys were conducted as part of this preliminary field evaluation.

Concurrent with the reconnaissance-level biological field surveys, Dudek performed a preliminary aquatic resources field assessment to visually identify and map potential aquatic resources within or adjacent to the PSA that would potentially be subject to regulation under federal CWA Sections 401 and 404, California FGC Section 1600, or under the provisions of the Porter-Cologne Water Quality Act. 4 Results

4.1 Regional Setting and Land Use
The PSA is in the eastern portion of the City of Rancho Cordova, CA, approximately 16 aerial miles east of the City of Sacramento, CA. Residential development and the SMUD Cordova Substation are located to the west and south of the PSA, respectively. Sunridge Park is to the north of the PSA. The area immediately east of the PSA, and the vicinity surrounding the PSA is generally flat, undeveloped land, composed of annual grassland and agricultural fields.

4.2 Climate and Rainfall
The PSA is in a semi-arid climate where average annual temperatures range from approximately 53°F to 92°F, and the average annual precipitation is 18.15 inches. On average, the months with the highest rainfall are January and February, and July has the least precipitation (WRCC 2021). According to data from the Prairie City Weather Station, the total precipitation recorded from April 2020 through August 2020, was between 12.84 and 13.63 inches, approximately 70 to 75% of normal (CDEC 2021). Therefore, the PSA region had below normal hydrological conditions in the year preceding the biological resource surveys.

4.3 Soil and Terrain
The PSA is in the eastern Central Valley. The PSA is generally flat with elevations ranging from approximately 200 feet amsl in the western portion of the PSA, to 210 feet amsl in the eastern portion of the PSA.

According to the NRCS, one soil unit was mapped within the PSA: Redding Gravelly Loam, 0 to 8 percent slopes. The Redding Soil Series consists of moderately deep to ‘duripan’, well or moderately well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed sources. They are on nearly level or dissected fan remnants with ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 7 MAY 2023
slopes that are 0 to 30 percent. These soils are well or moderately well drained, have very low to high runoff, and very slow to slow permeability. Natural vegetation within Redding soils are typically composed of annual grasses and forbs. Vernal pools are common in Redding soils where slopes are 0 to 3 percent. (Attachment A, Figure 3- Soils) (USDA 2021a).

4.4 Hydrology and Watershed
The PSA occurs within the Valley-American Hydrologic Unit, in the Morrison Creek Area, and the Florin Subarea watershed (USGS 2021) (Attachment A, Figure 4- Hydrologic Setting). The Morrison Creek area drains approximately 27,586 acres of Sacramento County in a westerly direction, through a mix of urban and undeveloped areas (UC Davis 2022). Specifically, Morrison Creek flows generally west and southwest from Sierra Nevada Foothills, before flowing into Laguna Creek, west of the PSA. Laguna Creek is a tributary to the Sacramento River, which flows into San Francisco Bay, approximately 47 miles southwest of the PSA.

NWI has not mapped any aquatic resources within the PSA. NWI has mapped one riverine feature immediately west of the PSA (i.e., R4SBC: ‘R’- riverine, ‘4’- intermittent, ‘SB’- streambed, ‘C’- seasonally flooded). In addition, NWI has mapped numerous other aquatic resources in the vicinity of the PSA, including Freshwater Emergent Wetland, Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland, Freshwater Pond, and Riverine (USFWS 2021c) (Attachment A, Figure 4- Hydrologic Setting).

Furthermore, The SSHCP shows one vernal pool mapped within the PSA, in the eastern vicinity adjacent to the Sacramento Valley Conservancy open space preserve (Sacramento County 2018) (Attachment A, Figure 5- SSHCP Modeled Land Covers).

The PSA is in the FEMA National Flood Hazard Layer “Zone X- Area of Minimal Flood Hazard” (FEMA 2021).

4.5 Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types
Several vegetation communities and land cover types, including aquatic environments, were mapped within the PSA. Dudek mapped vegetation communities and land covers, including aquatic environments, within the PSA while conducting the reconnaissance-level biological field surveys, and classified them using CDFW’s California Natural Community List (CDFW 2021b), which is based on A Manual of California Vegetation, Second Edition (Sawyer et al. 2009) and A Manual of California Vegetation, Online Edition (CNPS 2021b), where feasible, with modifications made to accommodate the lack of conformity of the observed communities (e.g., developed/disturbed land cover types). Vegetation communities and land covers mapped in the field by Dudek include disturbed habitat, non-native grassland, and urban/developed land (Attachment A, Figures 6- Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types).

Vegetation communities and land covers mapped in the PSA are discussed in more detail below.

4.5.1 Disturbed
During the reconnaissance-level biological field survey Dudek mapped 0.34 acre of disturbed land cover. This land cover type is located along the southern and eastern boundaries of the PSA (Attachment A, Figure 6- Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types). The disturbed land cover type is defined as open-space area that have been subject to previous or on-going disturbances such as along roadsides, trails, and parking lots. Scraped or graded land is included in this land cover type. The disturbed land cover type is vegetated with diverse weedy flora. These ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 8 MAY 2023
areas are of special concern as they tend to harbor and facilitate the spread of invasive plant species. Some of the vascular plant species associated with the disturbed land cover and that were observed within the PSA Italian plumeless thistle (Carduus pycnocephalus), stinkwort (Dittrichia graveolons), burclover (Medicago polymorpha), and stork’s bill species (Erodium ssp.).

4.5.2 Non-Native Grassland
During the reconnaissance-level biological field survey Dudek mapped 5.18 acres of non-native grassland vegetation community. This vegetation community is located throughout the extent of the PSA (Attachment A, Figure 6- Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types). Non-native grassland is an annual herbaceous vegetation community characterized mostly by naturalized annual grass and forb species. Its composition varies with geographic and land use factors, such as rainfall, temperature, elevation, slope, aspect, grazing and other herbivory, and fire frequency and duration. In this region, non-native grassland is associated with several other naturally occurring communities and land cover types, including vernal pools. Some of the plant species associate with this non-native grassland that were observed within the PSA include pappose tarweed (Centromadia parryi) and Owyhee mudwort (Limosella acaulis).

Non-native grasslands also provide suitable foraging habitat for species such as Swainson’s hawk (Buteo swainsonii), and white-tailed kite (Elanus leucurus), as discussed in Section 4.7.4, Other Sensitive Resources below.

4.5.3 Urban/Developed
During the reconnaissance-level biological field survey Dudek mapped 0.17 acre of urban/developed land cover.

This land cover type is concentrated in the northern vicinity of the PSA, along the PSA boundary at Canyonlands Drive (Attachment A, Figure 6- Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types). This land cover type refers to areas that have been constructed on or otherwise physically altered to the point where vegetation is no longer present.

4.5.4 Aquatic Environments
A formal aquatic resources delineation was conducted within the PSA concurrently with the reconnaissance-level biological filed survey (Vesper 2022). The field delineation mapped three aquatic environment types (i.e., aquatic resources), including vernal pools and a stormwater control ditch (Attachment A, Figure 7- Aquatic Resources Delineation Overview). Each resource is discussed more specifically below.

Stormwater Control Ditch
There are two ditches, totaling approximately 0.039 acres (569.3 linear feet), within the PSA. One ditch is located along the northern boundary of the PSA, paralleling Canyonlands Road; the other ditch is located along the southwestern boundary of the PSA, adjacent to the SMUD Cordova Substation (Figure 5, Aquatic Resources). The earthen ditches are human-made features with intermittent hydrology intended for stormwater control. The ditch features both exhibited a break in slope, yet no Ordinary High Water Mark (OHWM) was observable. The ditches were dry at the time of the field delineation, and there is no associated continuous riparian corridor within or adjacent to the PSA (Vesper 2022).

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 9 MAY 2023
Vernal Pools
There are three vernal pools, totaling approximately 0.066 acre, within the PSA (Vesper 2022). Vernal pools are seasonal ephemeral wetlands that typically fill and dry each year. In the Sacramento Valley region, they form in shallow depressions, within grassland communities, that are underlain with a soil or a soil layer impermeable to water. In California’s Mediterranean climate (rainy winter months followed by a hot, dry season), vernal pool soils typically become wetted in November. Water collects in the depressions and stands during late winter and early spring, then recedes as temperatures rise and rainfall diminishes. The soil, however, remains moist through April and May, then it desiccates and stays dry until the cycle begins again (Sacramento County 2018).

Vernal pools provide habitat for rare and endangered animals such as vernal pool tadpole shrimp (Lepidurus packardi), vernal pool fairy shrimp (Branchinecta lynchi), and several amphibians species (e.g., western spadefoot toad [Spea hammondii] and California tiger salamander [Ambystoma californiense]). Vernal pools also support several migratory birds in the winter. A specific group of plant taxa occupies vernal pools, most of which are annuals capable of slow underwater growth in winter and rapid development and reproduction in spring after the water is gone but before soils dry (Sacramento County 2018).

4.6 Observed Plant and Wildlife Species
A total of 19 plant species, consisting of 4 (21%) native species and 15 (79%) non-native species, were observed within the PSA during reconnaissance-level biological field surveys.

A total of eight native wildlife species were recorded within the PSA during reconnaissance-level biological field surveys. A full list of plant and wildlife species observed within the PSA is compiled in Attachment E, Observed Plant and Wildlife Species Compendium. No special-status plant or wildlife species were detected during the reconnaissance-level biological field surveys conducted within the PSA.

Note that the reconnaissance-level biological field surveys were conducted during the winter season, which resulted in detection and identification of most perennial plant species that may occur in the PSA. Due to the timing of the surveys, annual species that bloom in spring, summer, and early fall, as well as cryptic perennials, may not have been detectable. Additional potential limitations of the field surveys include a diurnal bias for most wildlife species. Surveys were conducted during the daytime to maximize visibility and detection of plants and most animals. As such, birds represent the largest component of vertebrate fauna recorded during the surveys, as they are usually most active during daytime hours. In contrast, daytime surveys usually result in few observations of mammals, many of which may only be active at night, particularly rodent and bat species. Therefore, identification of mammals primarily relied on detection of surface sign such as scat, burrows, and tracks. Many species of reptiles and amphibians are similarly nocturnal and/or secretive in their habits and are difficult to observe using standard meandering transects. However, despite these limitations, the survey performed, in conjunction with the literature review and database search, were adequate to determine the habitat types and suitability for potential common and special-status species occurrences with the PSA.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 10 MAY 2023

4.7 Sensitive Communities

4.7.1 Aquatic Environments
Aquatic resources are considered a sensitive community/habitat. Aquatic resources were identified within the PSA and are described in Section 4.5.4 above.

4.7.2 Designated Critical Habitat / Essential Fish Habitat No Designated Critical Habitat (DCH) was identified with the PSA (USFWS 2021a).

No EFH was identified within the PSA (NOAA 2021).

4.7.3 Sensitive Natural Communities
Northern Hardpan Vernal Pool
During the desktop and literature evaluation, Northern Hardpan Vernal Pool, a sensitive natural community, was identified as occurring within and adjacent to the PSA (Attachment A, Figure 9- CNDDB Occurrences) (CDFW 2021a).

Northern Hardpan Vernal Pool is California state listed sensitive natural community. A vernal pool complex is a set of naturally occurring pools in proximity to one another. Intervening non-pool terrain within a vernal pool complex is commonly referred to as upland, and often includes wetland or partially wetland swales that can interconnect pools within the complex. Vernal pool complexes of low, medium, and high density occur within the PSA and adjacent vicinity, as described in Section 4.5.4 above. Vernal pools in this region have the potential to provide habitat to a variety of federally listed plant and wildlife species, as discussed below in Section 4.7.4 Special Status Species Habitat, and Section 4.8 Special Status Plants and Wildlife. No other sensitive natural communities were identified within the PSA.

4.7.4 Other Sensitive Resources
Special-Status Species Habitat
The Project site provides suitable habitat for special-status plant and wildlife species, as well as commonly known species to the region. Development within or adjacent to special-status species habitat, if present, would require regulatory compliance. Further information pertaining to Project specific special-status species and habitat within or adjacent to the PSA is discussed below in Section 4.8 Special-Status Plants and Wildlife, and Section 5 Conclusions.

Wildlife Corridors and Habitat Linkages
Wildlife movement corridors have been recognized by federal and state agencies as important habitats worthy of conservation. Wildlife corridors provide migration channels seasonally (i.e., between winter and summer habitats), and provide non-migrant wildlife the opportunity to move within their home range for food, cover, reproduction, and refuge. Given the existing vegetation within the PSA (i.e., dominant non-native grassland) and the adjacency to Sacramento Valley Conservancy open space preserve bordering to the east and others in the surrounding vicinity, ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 11 MAY 2023
the PSA does provide wildlife corridor and habitat linkage value. The Sacramento Valley Conservancy open space preserve and surrounding preserve systems is discussed further below.

4.8 Special-Status Plants and Wildlife
Special-status plant and wildlife species are defined as those that are (1) listed, proposed for listing, or candidates for listing as “threatened” or “endangered” under FESA; (2) listed or candidates for listing as "threatened” or “endangered” under the California Endangered Species Act (CESA); (3) state fully protected species; (4) CDFW Species of Special Concern (SSC); or (5) species listed on the CNPS Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants with a California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR) of 1 or 2.

Dudek biologists determined the potential for special-status plant and wildlife species to occur within the PSA based on a review of habitat types, soils, and elevation preferences, as well as the known geographic range and nearest occurrence records of each species. No protocol-level surveys for special-status species were conducted within the PSA. Based on the literature review, database searches, and the field surveys, a total of 19 special-status plant species, and 24 special-status wildlife species were identified as potentially occurring within five miles of the PSA.

Of these, a total of two are known to occur within the PSA and are discussed further below. (Attachment C, Table of Special-Status Species with Potential to Occur).

4.8.1 Special-Status Plants
Based on the literature review and database search, a total of 19 special-status plant species have known occurrences within five miles of the PSA. Of these, a total of eight special-status plant species were determined to have a low, moderate, or high potential to occur within the PSA including dwarf downingia (Downingia pusilla), Tuolumne button-celery (Eryngium pinnatisectum), Boggs Lake hedge-hyssop (Gratiola heterosepala), Ahart's dwarf rush (Juncus leiospermus var. ahartii), legenere (Legenere limosa), pincushion navarretia (Navarretia myersii ssp. myersii), slender Orcutt grass (Orcuttia tenuis), Sacramento Orcutt grass (Orcuttia viscida). The remaining 11 special-status plant species were removed from further consideration due to lack of suitable habitat within or adjacent to the PSA, no known occurrences within five miles of the PSA, and/or because the PSA is outside of the species’ known geographic or elevation range. Special-status plant species, their potential to occur in the PSA, and associated regulatory status can be referenced in Attachment E, table E1. Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area. No special-status plant species were observed during the reconnaissance-level biological field survey.

4.8.2 Special-Status Wildlife
Based on the literature review and database search, a total of 24 special-status wildlife species have known occurrences within the PSA and/or within the five miles of the PSA. Of these, a total of 13 special-status wildlife species were determined to have a low, moderate, or high potential for occurrence and/or known occurrences within the PSA including California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense), western spadefoot (Spea hammondii), tricolored blackbird (Agelaius tricolor), grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum), golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia), Swainson's hawk, white-tailed kite, pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus), American badger (Taxidea taxus), Conservancy fairy shrimp (Branchinecta conservation), vernal pool fairy shrimp (Branchinecta lynchi), and vernal pool tadpole shrimp (Lepidurus packardi). The remaining 11 special-status wildlife species were removed from further consideration due to lack of suitable habitat within or ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 12 MAY 2023
adjacent to the PSA, no known occurrences within five miles of the PSA, and/or because the PSA is outside of the species’ known geographic or elevation range. Special-status wildlife species, their potential to occur in the PSA, and associated regulatory status can be referenced in Attachment E, table E1. Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area. No special-status wildlife species were observed during the reconnaissance-level biological field survey.
5 Conclusions
Aquatic environments, specifically three vernal pools (0.066 acre), are present within the PSA. The vernal pools within the PSA are located on the eastern edge of the PSA boundary, adjacent to the Sacramento Valley Conservancy open space preserve. As such, the Project would be required to implement a minimum of a 50-foot-wide setback.

This 50-foot-wide setback would provide the required avoidance from direct impacts of the preserve, as well as the vernal pool resources.

The following state and/or federally listed special-status plant species have a moderate to high potential to occur within the PSA: Boggs Lake hedge-hyssop, Slender Orcutt grass, and Sacramento Orcutt grass. Habitat for these species includes vernal pools and seasonal wetlands, that are often present within the non-native annual grasslands (i.e., valley grasslands) in the region. Impacts to these special-status plants would require compliance with CESA and FESA, as well as with other related laws and regulations, through the SSHCP. Boggs Lake hedgehyssop, Slender Orcutt grass, and Sacramento Orcutt grass are all Covered Species under the SSHCP. For the remaining special-status plant species with a low potential to occur, each is noted as having a CRPR rarity ranking, and no federal or state rank. As such, Project impacts would be required through the AMMs implemented through the CEQA process.

The following state and/or federally listed special-status wildlife species have known occurrences within the PSA:
western spadefoot toad and vernal pool tadpole shrimp. Listed special-status species with a low, moderate, and high potential to occur in the PSA: California tiger salamander, tricolored blackbird, golden eagle, grasshopper sparrow, burrowing owl, Swainson’s hawk, white-tailed kite, pallid bat, American badger, Conservancy fairy shrimp, and vernal pool fairy shrimp. Impacts to these special-status wildlife and/or their habitat would require compliance with CESA and FESA, as well as with other related laws and regulations, through the SSHCP.

To obtain coverage through the SSHCP, it is recommended that the third-party entity (i.e., the Project) first initiate a pre-application meeting with the Land Use Authority Permittee (i.e., City of Rancho Cordova). Assuming the thirdparty entity meets all criteria specific to the SSHCP, then the third-party entity should proceed with completing and submitting a SSHCP permit application package to the Land Use Authority Permittee. There are various requirements detailed in the SSHCP permit application, including but not limited to a completed USACE-level Aquatic Resources Delineation Report and other technical studies and reporting specific to listed species that are known to occur and/or have the potential to occur within a project area. It is recommended that review of SSHCP permit applications should generally be undertaken concurrently with the CEQA environmental review (Sacramento County 2018). Based on this review and a determination of SSHCP requirements, the Land Use Authority Permittee can establish conditions of approval specifying SSHCP conditions and SSHCP development fee requirements. Fees are land cover specific (not species specific). For example, for vegetation communities and land covers occurring within the PSA, currently under the SSHCP, valley grassland mitigates at $19,394 per acre, direct impacts to vernal pools mitigates at $209,567 per acre, and indirect impacts to vernal pools mitigates at $35,603 per acre. Lastly, each Land Use Authority Permittee is responsible for ensuring that Covered Activities fully comply with the terms of ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 13 MAY 2023
the Plan. As such, each third-party entity is required to comply with all best management practices and AMMs as detailed in the SSHCP (Sacramento County 2018).
6 References
Calflora. 2021. The Calflora Database. Berkeley, California: Calflora. Accessed December 2021. http://www.calflora.org.

CDEC (California Data Exchange Center). 2021. Real-Time Station Locator. Sacramento WB City, California Weather Station (Station ID-SCR). Accessed December 2021 https://cdec.water.ca.gov/webgis/ ?appid=cdecstation.

CDFW. 2021a. California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB). RareFind 5.0 (Commercial Subscription).

Sacramento, California: CDFW, Biogeographic Data Branch. Accessed December 2021. https://nrmsecure.dfg.ca.gov/cnddb/Default.aspx.

CDFW. 2021b. California Natural Community List. Sacramento, California: CDFW, Vegetation Classification and Mapping Program. December 2021. https://wildlife.ca.gov/Data/VegCAMP/Natural-Communities.

CNPS (California Native Plant Society). 2021a. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (online edition, v8-03).

Accessed December 2021. www.rareplants.cnps.org.

CNPS. 2021b. A Manual of California Vegetation, Online Edition. Accessed December 2021. https://www.https://www.cnps.org/vegetation.

FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency). 2021. National Flood Hazard Layer Data. Mapping Information Platform. FEMA NFHL v3.2 kmz. Accessed January 2022. https://hazards.fema.gov/femaportal/ Google Earth. 2021-2022. Map Showing Location of Proposed Project Region. Google Earth Pro Desktop Application.

Jepson eFlora. 2021. Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora. Berkeley, California: University of California.

Accessed December 2021. https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/.

NOAA (National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration). 2021. Essential Fish Habitat Mapper—Pacific Council.

Last updated March 10, 2021. Accessed December 2021.
https://www.habitat.noaa.gov/apps/efhmapper/?page=page_4&org=noaa.

Sacramento County. 2018. Final South Sacramento Habitat Conservation Plan. County of Sacramento, City of Rancho Cordova, City of Galt, Sacramento County Water Agency, Sacramento Regional County Sanitation District, and the Southeast Connector Joint Powers Authority. January 2018. Sacramento, California.

Accessed December 2021-January 2022. https://www.southsachcp.com/sshcp-chapters---final.html.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TO: PARKER HILLS, VESPER ENERGY
SUBJECT: BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT, JUNIPER CREEK ENERGY STORAGE PROJECT 13267.05 14 MAY 2023
Sawyer, J., T. Keeler-Wolf, and J. Evens. 2009. A Manual of California Vegetation. 2nd ed. Sacramento, California:

California Native Plant Society.

UC Davis (University of California, Davis). 2022. California Water Indicators Portal (online viewer). Accessed January 2022. https://indicators.ucdavis.edu/cwip/huc/180201630402 USDA (U.S. Department of Agriculture). 2021a. Web Soil Survey. USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Soil Survey Staff. Accessed December 2021.
http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx.

USFWS 2021a. USFWS Threatened and Endangered Species (ECOS) Active Critical Habitat Report. Accessed December 2021. https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/report/table/critical-habitat.html.

USFWS. (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). 2021b. Information for Planning and Consultation (IPaC). Accessed December 2021. https://ecos.fws.gov/ipac/.

USFWS. 2021c. National Wetlands Inventory (NWI). Accessed December 2021. fws.gov/wetlands/NWI/index.html.

USFWS 2021c. USFWS Threatened and Endangered Species (ECOS) Active Critical Habitat Report. Accessed September 2021. https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/report/table/critical-habitat.html.

USGS (U.S. Geological Survey). 2021. National Hydrography Dataset: GIS Online Viewer. Accessed December 2021. http://nhd.usgs.gov/.

Vesper Energy (Vesper). 2022. Aquatic Resource Delineation Report for the Sunridge Energy Storage Project.

Prepared by Dudek. January 2022. Sacramento County, California.

WRCC (Western Regional Climate Center). 2021. Historical Climate Information: Sacramento, California (047633). December 2021. https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca7633.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Attachment A
Figures 1-8
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Date: 12/8/2021 - Last saved by: tfriesen - Path: Z:\Projects\j1326705\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\BRA\Figure1_ProjectLocation.mxd SOURCE: Bing Imagery 2021; County of Sacramento 2021; Open Street Maps 2019 0 1,000 2,000Feet
FIGURE 1
Isleton
Rancho
Cordova
Galt
Elk
Grove
Folsom
Citrus
Heights
Sacramento
Amador
County
El Dorado
County
Placer County
San
Joaquin
County
Yolo
County
Solano County
Sacramento
County
50 99
160
220
124
4 12
16 26
113
12 84
104
16 88
99 80
80 505
5 oject SitePr
Project Location
Biological Resources Assessment for the Sunridge Energy Storage Project Project Location
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Date: 12/8/2021 - Last saved by: tfriesen - Path: Z:\Projects\j1326705\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\BRA\Figure2_ProjectSite.mxd SOURCE: Bing imagery 2021; Sacremento County 2021; Open Street Maps 2019 0 250 500Feet
Existing Preserve
FIGURE 2
Project Site
Biological Resources Assessment for the Sunridge Energy Storage Project Project Study Area
Sunridge Specific Plan Area
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Date: 12/8/2021 - Last saved by: tfriesen - Path: Z:\Projects\j1326705\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\BRA\Figure3_Soils.mxd SOURCE: Bing imagery 2021; Open Street Maps 2019; USDA SSURGO 2009 0 100 200Feet
USDA Soils
198 - Redding gravelly loam, 0 to
8 percent slopes (5.69 acres)
FIGURE 3
Project Study Area
Soils
Biological Resources Assessment for the Sunridge Energy Storage Project ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

SOURCE: Bing Imagery 2021, USFWS 2019, USGS 2019
Date: 12/8/2021 - Last saved by: tfriesen - Path: Z:\Projects\j1326705\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\BRA\Figure4_HydroSetting.mxd 0 1,000 2,000Feet
National Wetland Inventory
Freshwater Forested/Shrub
Freshwater Emergent Wetland
Freshwater Pond
Riverine
FIGURE 4
Project Study Area
Hydrologic Unit - Area - Subarea
Hydrologic Setting
Biological Resources Assessment for the Sunridge Energy Storage Project ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

SOURCE: Bing Imagery 2021; County of Sacramento 2015
Date: 12/8/2021 - Last saved by: tfriesen - Path: Z:\Projects\j1326705\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\BRA\FIgure5_SSHCP_LandCovers.mxd 0 100 200Feet
(50 feet)
Existing Preserve
Land Cover Types
Disturbed
Streams/Creeks (VPIH)
Swale
Valley Grassland
Vernal Pool
FIGURE 5
South Sacramento
Habitat Conservation
Plan Area
Rio Vista
Fairfield
Dixon
Vacaville
Antioch Pittsburg Oakley
Ione
Plymouth
Winters Davis West
Sacramento
Stockton
Stockton
Lodi
Isleton
Woodland
Rancho
Cordova
Galt
Elk Grove
Folsom
Citrus
Heights
Sacramento
Suisun City
Amador
County
El Dorado
County
Placer County
San
Joaquin
County
Yolo County
Solano County
50 99
160
244
220
4 124
12 16
113
26 12
84 104
16 88
99 80
505
5 Project Site
South Sacramento Habitat Conservation Plan (SSHCP)- Modeled Land Covers Biological Resources Assessment for the Sunridge Energy Storage Project Project Study Area
Preserve Setback
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Date: 12/13/2021 - Last saved by: tfriesen - Path: Z:\Projects\j1326705\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\BRA\Figure7_VegComs.mxd SOURCE: Bing Imagery 2021; Open Street Maps 2019
0 50 100Feet
Vegetation Communities and Land
Covers
FIGURE 6
Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types
Biological Resources Evaluation for the Sunridge Energy Storage Project Project Study Area
Non-native Grassland (5.18 acres)
Disturbed (0.34 acre)
Urban/Developed (0.17 acre)
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Date: 12/20/2021 - Last saved by: tfriesen - Path: Z:\Projects\j1326705\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\BRA\Figure6_AquaticResources.mxd SOURCE: Bing Imagery 2021; Open Street Maps 2019
0 50 100Feet
Aquatic Resources
Vernal Pool (0.066 acre)
Stormwater Control Ditch (0.039
acre /569.3 feet)
FIGURE 7
Aquatic Resources Delineation Overview
Biological Resources Assessment for the Sunridge Energy Storage Project Project Study Area
Storm Drain
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

SOURCE: Bing Imagery 2021; CDFW 2021; Open Street Map 2019 Date: 12/20/2021 - Last saved by: tfriesen - Path: Z:\Projects\j1326705\MAPDOC\DOCUMENT\BRA\Figure8_CNDDB_Occurrences.mxd 01 0.75 .5
Miles
CNDDB Plant Occurrences
1, Ahart’s dwarf rush (Juncus
leiospermus var. ahartii)
2, Boggs Lake hedge-hyssop
(Gratiola heterosepala)
3, Sacramento Orcutt grass
(Orcuttia viscida)
CNDDB Wildlife Occurrences
6, American badger (Taxidea taxus)
7, burrowing owl (Athene
cunicularia)
8, golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)
9, steelhead - Central Valley DPS
(Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus pop.
11)
10, Swainson’s hawk (Buteo
swainsoni)
11, tricolored blackbird (Agelaius
tricolor)
12, valley elderberry longhorn
beetle (Desmocerus californicus
dimorphus)
13, vernal pool fairy shrimp
(Branchinecta lynchi)
14, vernal pool tadpole shrimp
(Lepidurus packardi)
15, western pond turtle (Emys
marmorata)
16, western spadefoot (Spea
hammondii)
17, white-tailed kite (Elanus
leucurus)
CNDDB Communities
18, Northern Hardpan Vernal Pool
FIGURE 8
Project Study Area
Buffer - 5 miles
CNDDB Occurrences
Biological Resources Assessment for the Sunridge Energy Storage Project ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

13267.05 B-1
APRIL 2022
Attachment B
Photo Record
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

APPENDIX B / PHOTO RECORD
13267.05 B-2
APRIL 2022
Photo 1. Sample Point (SP)-01 within Vernal Pool 1. Photo 2. SP-02, upland point to SP-01 Photo 3. SP-03 within Vernal Pool 2. Photo 4. SP-04, upland point to SP-03.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

APPENDIX B / PHOTO RECORD
13267.05 B-3
APRIL 2022
Photo 5. SP-05 within Vernal Pool 3. Photo 6. SP-06, upland point to SP-05.

Photo 7. SP-07 within an upland micro-depression. Photo 8. A freshwater emergent wetland adjoins the PSA to the west.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

APPENDIX B / PHOTO RECORD
13267.05 B-4
APRIL 2022
Photo 9. A Sacramento Valley Conservancy Open
Space Preserve adjoins the PSA to the east.

Photo 10. An unvegetated access road within the PSA
and adjoining substation to the south.

Photo 11. Non-native grassland of the PSA. Photo 12. Additional upland micro-depressions within non-native grassland of the PSA.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

APPENDIX B / PHOTO RECORD
13267.05 B-5
APRIL 2022
Photo 13. Road rut within PSA.

Photo 14. Stormwater control feature along the
northern boundary of the PSA.

Photo 15. Stormwater control feature along the
southern boundary of the PSA.

Photo 16. Stormwater control feature along the
western boundary of the PSA.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

APPENDIX B / PHOTO RECORD
13267.05 B-6
APRIL 2022
Photo 17. Vernal Pool 1. Photo 18. Vernal Pool 2
Photo 19. Vernal Pool 3. Photo 20. Vernal pool 3 (Photo 2).

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

APPENDIX B / PHOTO RECORD
13267.05 B-7
APRIL 2022
Photo 21. Vernal pool 3 (Photo 3).

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Attachment C
Database Search Results
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Species Element Code Federal Status State Status Global Rank State Rank Rare Plant
Rank/CDFW
SSC or FP
Accipiter cooperii
Cooper's hawk
ABNKC12040 None None G5 S4 WL
Agelaius tricolor
tricolored blackbird
ABPBXB0020 None Threatened G1G2 S1S2 SSC
Ambystoma californiense pop. 1
California tiger salamander - central California DPS
AAAAA01181 Threatened Threatened G2G3 S3 WL
Ammodramus savannarum
grasshopper sparrow
ABPBXA0020 None None G5 S3 SSC
Andrena blennospermatis
Blennosperma vernal pool andrenid bee
IIHYM35030 None None G2 S2
Andrena subapasta
An andrenid bee
IIHYM35210 None None G1G2 S1S2
Antrozous pallidus
pallid bat
AMACC10010 None None G4 S3 SSC
Aquila chrysaetos
golden eagle
ABNKC22010 None None G5 S3 FP
Arctostaphylos myrtifolia
Ione manzanita
PDERI04240 Threatened None G1 S1 1B.2
Ardea alba
great egret
ABNGA04040 None None G5 S4
Ardea herodias
great blue heron
ABNGA04010 None None G5 S4
Athene cunicularia
burrowing owl
ABNSB10010 None None G4 S3 SSC
Bombus crotchii
Crotch bumble bee
IIHYM24480 None None G3G4 S1S2
Branchinecta lynchi
vernal pool fairy shrimp
ICBRA03030 Threatened None G3 S3
Branchinecta mesovallensis
midvalley fairy shrimp
ICBRA03150 None None G2 S2S3
Buteo regalis
ferruginous hawk
ABNKC19120 None None G4 S3S4 WL
Buteo swainsoni
Swainson's hawk
ABNKC19070 None Threatened G5 S3
Ceanothus roderickii
Pine Hill ceanothus
PDRHA04190 Endangered Rare G1 S1 1B.1
Chlorogalum grandiflorum
Red Hills soaproot
PMLIL0G020 None None G3 S3 1B.2
Quad<span style='color:Red'> IS </span>(Buffalo Creek (3812152)<span style='color:Red'> OR </span>Carmichael (3812153)<span style='color:Red'> OR </span>Citrus Heights (3812163)<span style='color:Red'> OR </span>Folsom (3812162)<span style='color:Red'> OR </span>Clarksville (3812161)<span style='color:Red'> OR </span>Folsom SE (3812151)<span style='color:Red'> OR </span>Elk Grove (3812143)<span style='color:Red'> OR </span>Sloughhouse (3812142)<span style='color:Red'> OR </span>Carbondale (3812141)) Query Criteria:

Report Printed on Tuesday, December 07, 2021
Commercial Version -- Dated December, 3 2021 -- Biogeographic Data Branch Page 1 of 4 Information Expires 6/3/2022
Selected Elements by Scientific Name
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Species Element Code Federal Status State Status Global Rank State Rank Rare Plant
Rank/CDFW
SSC or FP
Clarkia biloba ssp. brandegeeae
Brandegee's clarkia
PDONA05053 None None G4G5T4 S4 4.2
Crocanthemum suffrutescens
Bisbee Peak rush-rose
PDCIS020F0 None None G2?Q S2? 3.2
Desmocerus californicus dimorphus
valley elderberry longhorn beetle
IICOL48011 Threatened None G3T2 S3
Downingia pusilla
dwarf downingia
PDCAM060C0 None None GU S2 2B.2
Dumontia oregonensis
hairy water flea
ICBRA23010 None None G1G3 S1
Elanus leucurus
white-tailed kite
ABNKC06010 None None G5 S3S4 FP
Emys marmorata
western pond turtle
ARAAD02030 None None G3G4 S3 SSC
Erethizon dorsatum
North American porcupine
AMAFJ01010 None None G5 S3
Eriogonum apricum var. apricum
Ione buckwheat
PDPGN080F1 Endangered Endangered G2T1 S1 1B.1
Eriogonum apricum var. prostratum
Irish Hill buckwheat
PDPGN080F2 Endangered Endangered G2T1 S1 1B.1
Eryngium pinnatisectum
Tuolumne button-celery
PDAPI0Z0P0 None None G2 S2 1B.2
Falco columbarius
merlin
ABNKD06030 None None G5 S3S4 WL
Fremontodendron decumbens
Pine Hill flannelbush
PDSTE03030 Endangered Rare G1 S1 1B.2
Fritillaria agrestis
stinkbells
PMLIL0V010 None None G3 S3 4.2
Galium californicum ssp. sierrae
El Dorado bedstraw
PDRUB0N0E7 Endangered Rare G5T1 S1 1B.2
Gratiola heterosepala
Boggs Lake hedge-hyssop
PDSCR0R060 None Endangered G2 S2 1B.2
Great Valley Valley Oak Riparian Forest
Great Valley Valley Oak Riparian Forest
CTT61430CA None None G1 S1.1
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
bald eagle
ABNKC10010 Delisted Endangered G5 S3 FP
Horkelia parryi
Parry's horkelia
PDROS0W0C0 None None G2 S2 1B.2
Hydrochara rickseckeri
Ricksecker's water scavenger beetle
IICOL5V010 None None G2? S2?
Ione Chaparral
Ione Chaparral
CTT37D00CA None None G1 S1.1
Report Printed on Tuesday, December 07, 2021
Commercial Version -- Dated December, 3 2021 -- Biogeographic Data Branch Page 2 of 4 Information Expires 6/3/2022
Selected Elements by Scientific Name
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Species Element Code Federal Status State Status Global Rank State Rank Rare Plant
Rank/CDFW
SSC or FP
Juncus leiospermus var. ahartii
Ahart's dwarf rush
PMJUN011L1 None None G2T1 S1 1B.2
Lasionycteris noctivagans
silver-haired bat
AMACC02010 None None G3G4 S3S4
Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus
California black rail
ABNME03041 None Threatened G3G4T1 S1 FP
Legenere limosa
legenere
PDCAM0C010 None None G2 S2 1B.1
Lepidurus packardi
vernal pool tadpole shrimp
ICBRA10010 Endangered None G4 S3S4
Linderiella occidentalis
California linderiella
ICBRA06010 None None G2G3 S2S3
Navarretia myersii ssp. myersii
pincushion navarretia
PDPLM0C0X1 None None G2T2 S2 1B.1
Northern Hardpan Vernal Pool
Northern Hardpan Vernal Pool
CTT44110CA None None G3 S3.1
Northern Volcanic Mud Flow Vernal Pool
Northern Volcanic Mud Flow Vernal Pool
CTT44132CA None None G1 S1.1
Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus pop. 11
steelhead - Central Valley DPS
AFCHA0209K Threatened None G5T2Q S2
Orcuttia tenuis
slender Orcutt grass
PMPOA4G050 Threatened Endangered G2 S2 1B.1
Orcuttia viscida
Sacramento Orcutt grass
PMPOA4G070 Endangered Endangered G1 S1 1B.1
Packera layneae
Layne's ragwort
PDAST8H1V0 Threatened Rare G2 S2 1B.2
Phalacrocorax auritus
double-crested cormorant
ABNFD01020 None None G5 S4 WL
Rana boylii
foothill yellow-legged frog
AAABH01050 None Endangered G3 S3 SSC
Rana draytonii
California red-legged frog
AAABH01022 Threatened None G2G3 S2S3 SSC
Riparia riparia
bank swallow
ABPAU08010 None Threatened G5 S2
Sagittaria sanfordii
Sanford's arrowhead
PMALI040Q0 None None G3 S3 1B.2
Spea hammondii
western spadefoot
AAABF02020 None None G2G3 S3 SSC
Taxidea taxus
American badger
AMAJF04010 None None G5 S3 SSC
Thamnophis gigas
giant gartersnake
ARADB36150 Threatened Threatened G2 S2
Report Printed on Tuesday, December 07, 2021
Commercial Version -- Dated December, 3 2021 -- Biogeographic Data Branch Page 3 of 4 Information Expires 6/3/2022
Selected Elements by Scientific Name
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Species Element Code Federal Status State Status Global Rank State Rank Rare Plant
Rank/CDFW
SSC or FP
Valley Needlegrass Grassland
Valley Needlegrass Grassland
CTT42110CA None None G3 S3.1
Wyethia reticulata
El Dorado County mule ears
PDAST9X0D0 None None G2 S2 1B.2
Record Count: 63
Report Printed on Tuesday, December 07, 2021
Commercial Version -- Dated December, 3 2021 -- Biogeographic Data Branch Page 4 of 4 Information Expires 6/3/2022
Selected Elements by Scientific Name
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

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Attachment D
Observed Plant and Wildlife Species Compendium
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

APPENDIX D / OBSERVED PLANT AND WILDLIFE SPECIES COMPENDIUM 13267.05 D-2
APRIL 2022

VASCULAR SPECIES

EUDICOTS
ASTERACEAE—SUNFLOWER FAMILY
Carduus pycnocephalus—Italian plumeless thistle*
Centromadia parryi—pappose tarweed
Dittrichia graveolens—stinkwort*
Holocarpha virgata—yellowflower tarweed
Hypochaeris radicata—hairy cat's ear*
Silybum marianum—blessed milkthistle*
FABACEAE—LEGUME FAMILY
Medicago polymorpha—burclover*
Vicia villosa—winter vetch*
GERANIACEAE—GERANIUM FAMILY
Erodium botrys—longbeak stork's bill*
Erodium cicutarium—redstem stork's bill*
Geranium dissectum—cutleaf geranium*
POLYGONACEAE—BUCKWHEAT FAMILY
Rumex crispus—curly dock*
SCROPHULARIACEAE—FIGWORT FAMILY
Limosella acaulis—Owyhee mudwort

MONOCOTS
CYPERACEAE—SEDGE FAMILY
Eleocharis macrostachya—pale spike rush
POACEAE—GRASS FAMILY
Avena barbata—slender oat*
Bromus diandrus—ripgut brome*
Bromus hordeaceus—soft brome*
Elymus caput-medusae—medusahead*
Hordeum marinum—seaside barley*
Dipterostemon capitatus—bluedicks
* Indicates non-native, invasive, or noxious plant species ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

APPENDIX D / OBSERVED PLANT AND WILDLIFE SPECIES COMPENDIUM 13267.05 D-3
APRIL 2022

WILDLIFE

AMPHIBIANS
FROGS
HYLIDAE—TREEFROGS
Pseudacris cadaverina—California treefrog
BIRDS

BLACKBIRDS, ORIOLES & ALLIES
ICTERIDAE—BLACKBIRDS
Sturnella neglecta—western meadowlark
HAWKS
ACCIPITRIDAE—HAWKS, KITES, EAGLES, & ALLIES
Buteo jamaicensis—red-tailed hawk

JAYS, MAGPIES & CROWS
CORVIDAE—CROWS & JAYS
Corvus corax—common raven

SHOREBIRDS
CHARADRIIDAE—LAPWINGS & PLOVERS
Charadrius vociferus—killdeer
SCOLOPACIDAE—SANDPIPERS, PHALAROPES, & ALLIES
Gallinago delicata—Wilson's snipe

WATERFOWL
ANATIDAE—DUCKS, GEESE, & SWANS
Branta canadensis—Canada goose

NEW WORLD SPARROWS
PASSERELLIDAE—NEW WORLD SPARROWS
Zonotrichia leucophrys—white-crowned sparrow
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Attachment E
Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

ATTACHMENT E / SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE PROJECT STUDY AREA 12957 E-2
APRIL 2022
Table E1. Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area Scientific Name Common Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/
Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Plants
Arctostaphylos
myrtifolia
Ione manzanita FT/None/1B.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland; acidic, Ione soil, clay or sandy/perennial evergreen
shrub/Nov–Mar/197–1,900
Not expected to occur. No suitable
vegetation present.

Ceanothus roderickii Pine Hill
ceanothus
FE/SR/1B.1 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland;
Serpentinite or gabbroic (nutrient-deficient
forms of gabbro-derived soils characterized by
low concentrations of available K, P, S, Fe,
and Zn)./perennial evergreen shrub/Apr–
June/804–3,575
Not expected to occur. The site is
outside of the species’ known elevation
range and there is no suitable
vegetation or soils present.

Chlorogalum
grandiflorum
Red Hills
soaproot
None/None/1B.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Lower
montane coniferous forest; serpentinite,
gabbroic and other soils/perennial
bulbiferous herb/May–June/804–5,540
Not expected to occur. The site is
outside of the species’ known elevation
range and there is no suitable
vegetation or soils present.

Downingia pusilla dwarf downingia None/None/2B.2 Valley and foothill grassland (mesic), Vernal pools/annual herb/Mar–May/3–1,455
Moderate potential to occur. Suitable
habitat is present. The closest CNDDB
occurrence is in Phoenix Park
approximately 6 miles north of the
Project Study Area (PSA) from 1976
(CDFW 2021).

Eriogonum apricum
var. apricum
Ione buckwheat FE/SE/1B.1 Chaparral (openings, Ione soil)/perennial herb/July–Oct/197–475
Not expected to occur. No suitable
vegetation present.

Eriogonum apricum
var. prostratum
Irish Hill
buckwheat
FE/SE/1B.1 Chaparral (openings, Ione soil)/perennial
herb/June–July/295–395
Not expected to occur. No suitable
vegetation present.

Eryngium
pinnatisectum
Tuolumne
button-celery
None/None/1B.2 Cismontane woodland, Lower montane
coniferous forest, Vernal pools; mesic/annual
/ perennial herb/May–Aug/230–3,000
Low potential to occur. Suitable habitat
is present, but the PSA is located at the
lower elevational limits of this species'
range. The closest CNDDB occurrence
is in the vicinity of Michigan Bar of the
Cosumnes River approximately 8 miles
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

ATTACHMENT E / SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE PROJECT STUDY AREA 12957 E-3
APRIL 2022
Table E1. Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area Scientific Name Common Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/
Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur east of the PSA from 1942 (CDFW
2021).

Fremontodendron
decumbens
Pine Hill
flannelbush
FE/SR/1B.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland; gabbroic or
serpentinite, rocky/perennial evergreen
shrub/Apr–July/1,390–2,490
Not expected to occur. The site is
outside of the species’ known elevation
range and there is no suitable
vegetation or soils present.

Galium californicum
ssp. sierrae
El Dorado
bedstraw
FE/SR/1B.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Lower
montane coniferous forest;
gabbroic/perennial herb/May–June/328–
1,915
Not expected to occur. The site is
outside of the species’ known elevation
range and there is no suitable
vegetation or soils present.

Gratiola heterosepala Boggs Lake
hedge-hyssop
None/SE/1B.2 Marshes and swamps (lake margins), Vernal
pools; clay/annual herb/Apr–Aug/33–7,790
High potential to occur. Suitable habitat
is present. The closest CNDDB
occurrence is in the Montelena Wetland
Preserve approximately 1 mile west of
the PSA from 2010 (CDFW 2021).

Horkelia parryi Parry's horkelia None/None/1B.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland; Ione formation and other soils/perennial
herb/Apr–Sep/262–3,510
Not expected to occur. No suitable
vegetation or soils present.

Juncus leiospermus
var. ahartii
Ahart's dwarf
rush
None/None/1B.2 Valley and foothill grassland (mesic)/annual herb/Mar–May/98–750
Moderate potential to occur. Suitable
habitat is present. The closest CNDDB
occurrence is located southeast of the
intersection of Sunrise Boulevard and
Kiefer Boulevard approximately 2.5
miles southwest of the PSA from an
unknown date (CDFW 2021).

Legenere limosa legenere None/None/1B.1 Vernal pools/annual herb/Apr–June/3–2,885 High potential to occur. Suitable habitat is present. The closest CNDDB
occurrence is in the Montelena Wetland
Preserve approximately 1 mile west of
the PSA from 2010 (CDFW 2021).

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

ATTACHMENT E / SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE PROJECT STUDY AREA 12957 E-4
APRIL 2022
Table E1. Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area Scientific Name Common Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/
Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Navarretia myersii
ssp. myersii
pincushion
navarretia
None/None/1B.1 Vernal pools; often acidic/annual herb/Apr– May/66–1,080
Low potential to occur. Suitable habitat
is present, although acidic soils often
required by this species are absent. The
closest CNDDB occurrence is in Phoenix
Park approximately 7 miles north of the
PSA from 2016 (CDFW 2021).

Orcuttia tenuis slender Orcutt
grass
FT/SE/1B.1 Vernal pools; Often gravelly/annual
herb/May–Sep (Oct)/115–5,770
High potential to occur. Suitable habitat
is present. The closest CNDDB
occurrence is in the Montelena Wetland
Preserve approximately 1 mile west of
the PSA from 2012 (CDFW 2021).

Orcuttia viscida Sacramento
Orcutt grass
FE/SE/1B.1 Vernal pools/annual herb/Apr–July (Sep)/98–
330
Moderate potential to occur. Suitable
habitat is present. The closest CNDDB
occurrence is in a vernal pool complex
approximately 1.7 miles west of the PSA
from 2010 (CDFW 2021).

Packera layneae Layne's ragwort FT/SR/1B.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland; serpentinite or gabbroic, rocky/perennial
herb/Apr–Aug/656–3,555
Not expected to occur. The site is
outside of the species’ known elevation
range and there is no suitable
vegetation or soils present.

Sagittaria sanfordii Sanford's
arrowhead
None/None/1B.2 Marshes and swamps (assorted shallow
freshwater)/perennial rhizomatous herb
(emergent)/May–Oct (Nov)/0–2,130
Not expected to occur. No suitable
vegetation present.

Wyethia reticulata El Dorado
County mule
ears
None/None/1B.2 Chaparral, Cismontane woodland, Lower
montane coniferous forest; clay or
gabbroic/perennial herb/Apr–Aug/607–
2,065
Not expected to occur. The site is
outside of the species’ known elevation
range and there is no suitable
vegetation or soils present.

Wildlife
Amphibians
Ambystoma
californiense pop. 1
California tiger
salamander -
FT/ST, WL Annual grassland, valley–foothill hardwood,
and valley–foothill riparian habitats; vernal
Low potential to occur. This species has
not been documented in the PSA,
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

ATTACHMENT E / SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE PROJECT STUDY AREA 12957 E-5
APRIL 2022
Table E1. Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area Scientific Name Common Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/
Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur central
California DPS
pools, other ephemeral pools, and
(uncommonly) along stream courses and
man-made pools if predatory fishes are
absent
however this species is known to occur
in the Project vicinity, and some
suitable grassland and vernal pool
habitat is present. However, there are
no known occurrences of this species
within 10 miles of the PSA (CDFW
2021). Moreover, no small mammal
burrows were observed during the
December 2021 survey.

Rana boylii foothill yellowlegged frogNone/SSC, SE Rocky streams and rivers with open banks in forest, chaparral, and woodland
Not expected to occur. No suitable
aquatic habitat present.

Rana draytonii California redlegged frogFT, BCC/SSC Lowland streams, wetlands, riparian woodlands, livestock ponds; dense, shrubby
or emergent vegetation associated with
deep, still or slow-moving water; uses
adjacent uplands
Not expected to occur. No suitable
aquatic habitat present.

Spea hammondii western
spadefoot
None/SSC Primarily grassland and vernal pools, but
also in ephemeral wetlands that persist at
least 3 weeks in chaparral, coastal scrub,
valley–foothill woodlands, pastures, and
other agriculture
Known to occur. This species has been
documented within the PSA, which
contains suitable vernal pool habitat.

The CNDDB record refers to a general
area containing vernal pools along
Kiefer Boulevard between Grant Line
Road and Sunrise Road approximately
2 miles south of the PSA where
tadpoles of this species were collected
in 1972 and 1978 (CDFW 2021).

Reptiles
Emys marmorata western pond
turtle
None/SSC Slow-moving permanent or intermittent
streams, ponds, small lakes, and reservoirs
with emergent basking sites; adjacent
uplands used for nesting and during winter
Not expected to occur. No suitable
aquatic habitat present.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

ATTACHMENT E / SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE PROJECT STUDY AREA 12957 E-6
APRIL 2022
Table E1. Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area Scientific Name Common Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/
Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Thamnophis gigas giant garter
snake
FT/ST Freshwater marsh habitat and low-gradient
streams; also uses canals and irrigation
ditches
Not expected to occur. No suitable
aquatic habitat present.

Birds
Agelaius tricolor
(nesting colony)
tricolored
blackbird
None/SSC, ST Nests near freshwater, emergent wetland
with cattails or tules, but also in Himalayan
blackberrry; forages in grasslands, woodland,
and agriculture
Moderate potential to occur. Suitable
nesting habitat is present in the
freshwater emergent wetland that
adjoins the PSA to the west, although
this species would not be expected to
nest within the PSA itself. Suitable
foraging habitat is present. The closest
CNDDB record is a nesting colony
located in a blackberry patch
approximately 2.5 miles north of the
PSA from 2012 (CDFW 2021).

Ammodramus
savannarum (nesting)
grasshopper
sparrow
BCC/SSC Nests and forages in moderately open
grassland with tall forbs or scattered shrubs
used for perches
Low potential to occur. Marginally
suitable habitat is present within the
PSA, although coverage generally
preferred by this species is scarce. The
CNDDB only lists 2 records of this
species within the 9-quad search area,
the closest of which is located in Deer
Creek Hills approximately 7 miles east
of the PSA from 2007 (CDFW 2021).

Aquila chrysaetos
(nesting & wintering)
golden eagle None/FP, WL Nests and winters in hilly, open/semi-open areas, including shrublands, grasslands,
pastures, riparian areas, mountainous
canyon land, open desert rimrock terrain;
nests in large trees and on cliffs in open
areas and forages in open habitats
Moderate potential to occur. This
species would not nest on or adjacent
to the PSA, but the PSA provides
suitable foraging habitat. The closest
CNDDB occurrence is located
approximately 5 miles to the west from
1991 (CDFW 2021).

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

ATTACHMENT E / SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE PROJECT STUDY AREA 12957 E-7
APRIL 2022
Table E1. Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area Scientific Name Common Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/
Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Athene cunicularia
(burrow sites & some
wintering sites)
burrowing owl None/SSC Nests and forages in grassland, open scrub, and agriculture, particularly with ground
squirrel burrows
Moderate potential to occur. This
species has not been documented in
the PSA. However, this species is known
to occur in the Project vicinity and
suitable grassland habitat is present.

No burrows or sign of this species were
observed during the December 2021
survey. The closest CNDDB occurrence
is located in rolling grassland habitat
with vernal pool approximately 1.7
miles east of the PSA from 1989 (CDFW
2021).

Buteo swainsoni
(nesting)
Swainson's
hawk
None/ST Nests in open woodland and savanna,
riparian, and in isolated large trees; forages
in nearby grasslands and agricultural areas
such as wheat and alfalfa fields and pasture
Moderate potential to occur. This
species would not nest on or adjacent
to the PSA, but the PSA provides
suitable foraging habitat. The closest
CNDDB occurrence is located
approximately 3.5 miles to the
northwest from 2007 (CDFW 2021).

Elanus leucurus
(nesting)
white-tailed kite None/FP Nests in woodland, riparian, and individual trees near open lands; forages
opportunistically in grassland, meadows,
scrubs, agriculture, emergent wetland,
savanna, and disturbed lands
Moderate potential to occur. This
species would not nest on or adjacent
to the PSA, but the PSA provides
suitable foraging habitat. The closest
CNDDB occurrence is located
approximately 2 miles to the west from
1990 (CDFW 2021).

Haliaeetus
leucocephalus
(nesting & wintering)
bald eagle FPD/FP, SE Nests in forested areas adjacent to large bodies of water, including seacoasts, rivers,
swamps, large lakes; winters near large
bodies of water in lowlands and mountains
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat present.

Laterallus jamaicensis
coturniculus
California black
rail
None/FP, ST Tidal marshes, shallow freshwater margins,
wet meadows, and flooded grassy
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat present.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

ATTACHMENT E / SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE PROJECT STUDY AREA 12957 E-8
APRIL 2022
Table E1. Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area Scientific Name Common Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/
Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur vegetation; suitable habitats are often
supplied by canal leakage in Sierra Nevada
foothill populations
Riparia riparia
(nesting)
bank swallow None/ST Nests in riparian, lacustrine, and coastal areas with vertical banks, bluffs, and cliffs
with sandy soils; open country and water
during migration
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat present.

Fishes
Hypomesus
transpacificus
Delta smelt FT/SE Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta; seasonally in Suisun Bay, Carquinez Strait, and San
Pablo Bay
Not expected to occur. No suitable
aquatic habitat present.

Oncorhynchus mykiss
irideus pop. 11
steelhead -
Central Valley
DPS
FT/None Coastal basins from Redwood Creek south to
the Gualala River, inclusive; does not include
summer-run steelhead
Not expected to occur. No suitable
aquatic habitat present.

Mammals
Antrozous pallidus pallid bat None/SSC Grasslands, shrublands, woodlands, forests; most common in open, dry habitats with
rocky outcrops for roosting, but also roosts in
man-made structures and trees
Low potential to occur. This species
would not roost on or adjacent to the
PSA but could forage over the PSA. The
only CNDDB occurrence is located
approximately 9 miles to the north from
1941 (CDFW 2021).

Taxidea taxus American
badger
None/SSC Dry, open, treeless areas; grasslands, coastal scrub, agriculture, and pastures, especially
with friable soils
Low potential to occur. This species has
not been documented in the PSA.

However, this species is known to occur
in the Project vicinity and suitable
grassland habitat is present. No
burrows were observed during the
December 2021 survey. An active den
was recorded approximately 1.5 miles
west of the PSA from 1990, but this
location has since been converted into
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

ATTACHMENT E / SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE PROJECT STUDY AREA 12957 E-9
APRIL 2022
Table E1. Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area Scientific Name Common Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/
Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur a residential development (CDFW
2021).

Invertebrates
Branchinecta
conservatio
Conservancy
fairy shrimp
FE/None Larger, more turbid vernal pools, playa pools High potential to occur. The PSA contains suitable vernal pool habitat to
support this species.

Branchinecta lynchi vernal pool fairy
shrimp
FT/None Vernal pools, seasonally ponded areas within
vernal swales, and ephemeral freshwater
habitats
High potential to occur. The PSA
contains suitable vernal pool habitat to
support this species. Occurrences of
this species have been recorded along
the western portion of the gen-tie
alignment route in the northwest vicinity
of the PSA (CDFW 2021, USFWS 2021).

Additionally, there are several known
occurrences of this species within five
miles of the PSA, the closest of which
are in occupied pools approximately 1.2
miles southwest of the PSA
documented in 1996 (CDFW 2021).

Danaus plexippus pop.
1 monarch FC/None Wind-protected tree groves with nectar sources and nearby water sources
Not expected to occur. No suitable
habitat present.

Desmocerus
californicus dimorphus
valley elderberry
longhorn beetle
FT/None Occurs only in the Central Valley of California, in association with blue elderberry
(Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea)
Not expected to occur. No elderberry
shrubs present during the December
2021 survey.

Lepidurus packardi vernal pool
tadpole shrimp
FE/None Ephemeral freshwater habitats including
alkaline pools, clay flats, vernal lakes, vernal
pools, and vernal swales
Known to occur. This species has been
documented within the PSA, which
contains suitable vernal pool habitat.

The CNDDB record refers to a general
area east of Sunrise Boulevard, north of
Kiefer Boulevard, and south of White
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

ATTACHMENT E / SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE PROJECT STUDY AREA 12957 E-10
APRIL 2022
Table E1. Special-Status Species Potential to Occur in the Project Study Area Scientific Name Common Name
Status
(Federal/State/CRPR)
Primary Habitat Associations/ Life Form/
Blooming Period/ Elevation Range (feet) Potential to Occur Rock Road where specimens were
collected in the 1990's (CDFW 2021).

Sources: CDFW 2021; USFWS 2021b.

Status:

Federal
BCC: Bird of conservation concern
FC: Federally listed as a candidate species
FE: Federally listed as endangered
FPD: Ferally delisted protected species
FP: Federally listed as protected
FT: Federally listed as threatened
State
SE: State listed as endangered
SSC: Species of special concern
SR: State listed as recovered
ST: State listed as threatened
WL: State watch list
California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR) Status and Threat Rank 1B: plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California and elsewhere 2B: plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California but more common elsewhere 3: Plants about which more information is needed – A Review List 4: Plants of limited distribution – A Watch List

0.1: Seriously threatened in California (over 80% of occurrences threatened/high degree and immediacy of threat)

0.2: Moderately threatened in California (20%–80% occurrences threatened/moderate degree and immediacy of threat) 0 .3: Not very threatened in California (less than 20% of occurrences threatened/low degree and immediacy of threat or no current threats known) None = No conservation status.

Potential for Occurrence Ranks:

Known to Occur:

High Potential to Occur:

Moderate Potential to Occur: The PSA within the known range of the species, and habitat for the species is present.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

ATTACHMENT E / SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE PROJECT STUDY AREA 12957 E-11
APRIL 2022
Low Potential to Occur: The PSA is within the known range of the species, but habitat for the species is marginal and of low quality.

Not Expected to Occur: The PSA is outside the known range of the species, and habitat for the species is either absent or of low quality.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Appendix C
Cultural Resources Letter Report
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

May 9, 2023
Parker Hills
Vesper Energy
125 E. John Carpenter Fwy, Ste 525
Irving, Texas 75062
Subject: Cultural Resources Letter Report for the Juniper Creek Energy Storage Project, City of Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California Dear Mr. Hills:

This letter report documents the cultural resources study conducted by Dudek for the proposed Juniper Creek Energy Storage Project (Project), located in the City of Rancho Cordova, California.

The City of Rancho Cordova (City) is the lead agency responsible for compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). This cultural resources study included a North Central Information Center (NCIC) records search, Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) Sacred Lands File search, and an intensive pedestrian survey for cultural resources. The cultural resources study was conducted by Dudek in accordance with the standards and guidelines defined by the California Office of Historic Preservation and CEQA.

PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION
The Project site is located in Sections 9 and 16 of Township 8 North, Range 7 East, of the Buffalo Creek 7.5’ USGS Quadrangle map (Figure 1). The Project site is located on an undeveloped lot in the eastern portion of the City of Rancho Cordova, at the east end of Canyonlands Drive, southeast of the intersection of Canyonlands Drive and Poopenaut Court.

The Project will be composed of lithium-ion batteries installed in racks, inverters, medium-voltage (MV) transformers, a collector substation, and other associated equipment to interconnect with the existing and adjacent Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) Cordova Substation (point of interconnection). The batteries will be installed either in containers or in purpose-built enclosures. The containers or enclosures will have battery storage racks, with relay and communications systems for automated monitoring and managing of the batteries to ensure performance and safety. The project consists of an approximately 200-megawatt battery energy storage system (BESS).

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Subject: Cultural Resources Letter Report for the Juniper Creek Energy Storage Project, City of Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
2 13267.05
A battery management system will be provided to control the charging/discharging of the batteries, along with temperature monitoring and control of the individual battery cell temperature with an integrated cooling system. Batteries operate with direct current (DC) electricity, which must be converted to alternating current (AC) for compatibility with the existing electric grid. Power inverters to convert between AC and DC, along with transformers to step up the voltage, will be included as part of the Project.

The Project also entails improvements to the existing SMUD Cordova Substation to interconnect and accommodate the Project. The improvements will be entirely located within the substation’s developed footprint and are expected to include completion of a bay within the Cordova Substation by adding an additional circuit breaker and disconnect switch. Specific upgrades will be finalized through the ongoing interconnection process with SMUD. The Project also entails modification of the existing SMUD Hedge-Cordova 230kV remedial action scheme (RAS) at the existing Hedge and Cordova substations. Modification of the RAS is limited to digital programming changes for grid protection and relaying. No ground disturbing activities are anticipated at the SMUD Hedge Substation.

REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
State Regulations
The California Register of Historical Resources
In California, the term “historical resource” includes but is not limited to “any object, building, structure, site, area, place, record, or manuscript which is historically or archaeologically significant, or is significant in the architectural, engineering, scientific, economic, agricultural, educational, social, political, military, or cultural annals of California” (California Public Resources Code [PRC] Section 5020.1(j)). In 1992, the California legislature established the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) “to be used by state and local agencies, private groups, and citizens to identify the state’s historical resources and to indicate what properties are to be protected, to the extent prudent and feasible, from substantial adverse change” (PRC Section 5024.1(a)). The criteria for listing resources in the CRHR were expressly developed to be in accordance with previously established criteria developed for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), enumerated below. According to PRC Section 5024.1(c)(1–4), a resource is considered historically significant if it (i) retains “substantial integrity,” and (ii) meets at least one of the following criteria:
(1) Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California's history and cultural heritage.

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(2) Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past. (3) Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values.
(4) Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.

In order to understand the historic importance of a resource, sufficient time must have passed to obtain a scholarly perspective on the events or individuals associated with the resource. A resource less than 50 years old may be considered for listing in the CRHR if it can be demonstrated that sufficient time has passed to understand its historical importance (see California Code Regulations, Title 14, Section 4852(d)(2)).

The CRHR protects cultural resources by requiring evaluations of the significance of prehistoric and historic resources. The criteria for the CRHR are nearly identical to those for the NRHP, and properties listed or formally designated as eligible for listing in the NRHP are automatically listed in the CRHR, as are the state landmarks and points of interest. The CRHR also includes properties designated under local ordinances or identified through local historical resource surveys.

California Environmental Quality Act
As described further below, the following CEQA statutes and CEQA Guidelines are of relevance to the analysis of archaeological, historic, and tribal cultural resources:
• PRC Section 21083.2(g) defines “unique archaeological resource.” • PRC Section 21084.1 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(a) defines “historical resources.” In addition, CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(b) defines the phrase “substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource;” it also defines the circumstances when a project would materially impair the significance of an historical resource. • PRC Section 21074(a) defines “tribal cultural resources.” • PRC Section 5097.98 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(e): Set forth standards and steps to be employed following the accidental discovery of human remains in any location other than a dedicated ceremony.
• PRC Sections 21083.2(b)-(c) and CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.4: Provide information regarding the mitigation framework for archaeological and historic resources, including examples of preservation-in-place mitigation measures; preservation-in-place is the preferred manner of mitigating impacts to significant archaeological sites because it ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

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maintains the relationship between artifacts and the archaeological context, and may also help avoid conflict with religious or cultural values of groups associated with the archaeological site(s).

More specifically, under CEQA, a project may have a significant effect on the environment if it may cause “a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource” (PRC Section 21084.1; CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(b)). If a site is either listed or eligible for listing in the CRHR, or if it is included in a local register of historic resources, or identified as significant in a historical resources survey (meeting the requirements of PRC Section 5024.1(q)), it is a “historical resource” and is presumed to be historically or culturally significant for purposes of CEQA (PRC Section 21084.1; CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(a)). The lead agency is not precluded from determining that a resource is a historical resource even if it does not fall within this presumption (PRC Section 21084.1; CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(a)).

A “substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource” reflecting a significant effect under CEQA means “physical demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration of the resource or its immediate surroundings such that the significance of an historical resource would be materially impaired” (CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(b)(1); PRC Section 5020.1(q)). In turn, the significance of a historical resource is materially impaired when a project:
(1) Demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics of an historical resource that convey its historical significance and that justify its inclusion in, or eligibility for, inclusion in the California Register; or
(2) Demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics that account for its inclusion in a local register of historical resources pursuant to Section 5020.1(k) of the PRC or its identification in an historical resources survey meeting the requirements of Section 5024.1(g) of the PRC, unless the public agency reviewing the effects of the project establishes by a preponderance of evidence that the resource is not historically or culturally significant; or
(3) Demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics of a historical resource that convey its historical significance and that justify its eligibility for inclusion in the California Register as determined by a lead agency for purposes of CEQA (CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(b)(2)).

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Pursuant to these sections, the CEQA inquiry begins with evaluating whether a project site contains any “historical resources,” then evaluates whether that project will cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource such that the resource’s historical significance is materially impaired.

If it can be demonstrated that a project will cause damage to a unique archaeological resource, the lead agency may require reasonable efforts be made to permit any or all of these resources to be preserved in place or left in an undisturbed state. To the extent that they cannot be left undisturbed, mitigation measures are required (PRC Section 21083.2[a], [b], and [c]).

PRC Section 21083.2(g) defines a unique archaeological resource as an archaeological artifact, object, or site about which it can be clearly demonstrated that without merely adding to the current body of knowledge, there is a high probability that it meets any of the following criteria:
(1) Contains information needed to answer important scientific research questions and that there is a demonstrable public interest in that information. (2) Has a special and particular quality such as being the oldest of its type or the best available example of its type.
(3) Is directly associated with a scientifically recognized important prehistoric or historic event or person.

Impacts to non-unique archaeological resources are generally not considered a significant environmental impact (PRC Section 21083.2(a); CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5(c)(4)).

However, if a non-unique archaeological resource qualifies as tribal cultural resource (PRC Sections 21074(c); 21083.2(h)), further consideration of significant impacts is required.

CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5 assigns special importance to human remains and specifies procedures to be used when Native American remains are discovered. As described below, these procedures are detailed in PRC Section 5097.98.

Native American Historic Cultural Sites
State law addresses the disposition of Native American burials in archaeological sites and protects such remains from disturbance, vandalism, or inadvertent destruction; establishes procedures to be implemented if Native American skeletal remains are discovered during construction of a project; and establishes the Heritage Commission to resolve disputes regarding the disposition of such remains. In addition, the Native American Historic Resource Protection Act makes it a misdemeanor punishable by up to 1 year in jail to deface or destroy a Native American historic or cultural site that is listed or may be eligible for listing in the CRHR.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Subject: Cultural Resources Letter Report for the Juniper Creek Energy Storage Project, City of Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
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California Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5
California law protects Native American burials, skeletal remains, and associated grave goods, regardless of their antiquity, and provides for the sensitive treatment and disposition of those remains. Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 requires that if human remains are discovered in any place other than a dedicated cemetery, no further disturbance or excavation of the site or nearby area reasonably suspected to contain human remains shall occur until the County coroner has examined the remains (Section 7050.5b). PRC Section 5097.98 also outlines the process to be followed in the event that remains are discovered. If the coroner determines or has reason to believe the remains are those of a Native American, the coroner must contact the NAHC within 24 hours (Section 7050.5c). The NAHC will notify the Most Likely Descendant (MLD). With the permission of the landowner, the MLD may inspect the site of discovery. Recommendations by the MLD must be provided within 48 hours of being provided access. The MLD may recommend means of treating or disposing of, with appropriate dignity, the human remains and items associated with Native Americans.

BACKGROUND RESEARCH
Cultural Records Search Results
A records search was completed for the current proposed Project site and a 1/2-mile radius by NCIC staff at the NCIC at Sacramento State University on December 3, 2021 (Confidential Appendix A). This search included a review of their collection of mapped prehistoric, historical, and built-environment resources, Department of Parks and Recreation Site Records, technical reports, historical maps, and local inventories. Additional consulted sources included the NRHP, California Inventory of Historical Resources/CRHR and listed Office of Historic Preservation Archaeological Determinations of Eligibility, California Points of Historical Interest, and California Historical Landmarks.

Previously Conducted Studies
NCIC records indicate that twenty-two (22) previous cultural resources technical investigations have been conducted within 1/2-mile of the proposed Project site (Table 1). Of these studies, one included the entirety of the proposed Project site.

Table 1.

Previous Technical Studies
Report Number Date Title Author
Reports within the Project Site
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Subject: Cultural Resources Letter Report for the Juniper Creek Energy Storage Project, City of Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
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Table 1.

Previous Technical Studies
Report Number Date Title Author
005850 2004 Determination of Eligibility and Effect for the Sunridge Park Project Area
Peak, Melinda A.

Reports within ½-mile of the Project Site
000019 1982 Cultural Resource Assessment of the Undredged Areas of the McDonnell Douglas Properties, Sacramento Co. CA. Peak & Associates, Inc. 001724 1997 Cultural Resources Assessment of the Sunrise Douglas Specific Plan and Community Plan Area Robert Gerry
005843 2005 Determination of Eligibility and Effect for the Sunbridge Park Project Area. Peak, Melinda A.
005844 2004 Determination of Eligibility and Effect for the Douglas Road 98 Project Area Peak, Melinda A.
005848 2004 Determination of Eligibility and Effect for the Arista Del Sol Project Area Peak, Melinda A.
005851 2005 Cultural Resources Inventory Gold Flake Sacramento . ECORP Consulting 005852 2004 Determination of Eligibility and Effect for the Sunrise Douglas Road Improvements Three Project Area Peak, Melinda A.
005853 2004 Determination of Eligibility and Effect for the Douglas Road 103 Project Area Peak, Melinda A.
005855 2005 Determination of Eligibility and Effect for the Grantline 208 Project Area Peak, Melinda
005869 1999 Cultural Resource Assessment for the Proposed Rio Del Oro Project Area Peak & Associates
005877 2004 Cultural Resources Inventory North Douglas ECORP Consulting Inc. 006165 2005
Determination of Eligibility and Effect for the Proposed Rio Del Oro Project Area, City of Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
Peak & Associates, Inc.
010198 2005 Draft: Historic Buildings and Structures Inventory Douglas Missile Test Facility Rio del Oro Specific Plan Project Weitze, Karen and
EDAW, Inc
010495 2010 Cultural Resources Inventory and Evaluation Report Rio Del Oro
Stephen Pappas, Lisa
Westwood, and Susan
Lindstrom
010769 2011

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION

OF STRUCTURES ASSOCIATED WITH THE DOUGLAS
MISSILE TEST FACILIITY (P-34-4137) RIO DEL ORO,

RANCHO CORDOVA, CALIFORNIA
Allen, Rebecca
010817 2010
Verizon Cellular Communications Tower Site-Sunridge LTE 12525 Quicksilver Drive (APN: 072-0440-013) Rancho Cordova, CA 95742
Hatoff, Brian
011536 2014
Cultural Resources Records Search and Site Visit Results for TMobile West, LLC Candidate SC90136M (Security Park), 12525 Quicksilver Drive, Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County,
California
Dana D. DePietro and
Kathleen A. Crawford
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Table 1.

Previous Technical Studies
Report Number Date Title Author
011734 2013 CA3182-CUPPLANE-PHASE 1A / SF72XC539 Alexis Godat, Tara Cubie, and Sonnier Francisco
012191 2016 Cultural Resources Inventory Report. Douglas Road Widening Project, Sacramento County, California
Wendy Blumel, Lowell
Thomas, and Jeremy
Adams
012532 2018 The Ranch Updated Cultural Resources Inventory and Evaluation Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California Ric Windmiller Previously Identified Cultural Resources
NCIC records indicate that no archaeological or built-environment resources are on file within or adjacent to the Project site. One resource is on file within the ½-mile records search area (Table 2). The resource consists of a historic industrial building that has been found ineligible for the NRHP and CRHR through survey evaluation.

Table 2.

Previously Recorded Cultural Resources
Primary
Number Trinomial Period Name Type NRHP/CRHR Status
Resources within the Project Site
None
Resources within the 1/2-Mile Search Site
P-34-004318 Historic-era Modification Hangar Industrial building 6Z – Found
ineligible through
survey evaluation
Archival and Building Development Research
Dudek consulted historic maps and aerial photographs to understand development of the proposed Project site and surrounding properties. Historic aerial photographs were available from 1952 to 2018, and historic maps were available from 1909 to 2018 (NETR 2021). Aerial images indicate the vicinity of the Project site was undeveloped agricultural land until the early 2000s. Initial development of the area is visible on the 2002 and 2005 aerial images, with the construction of a housing development and associated infrastructure to the west of the Project site. Between 2005 and 2009 additional infrastructure development occurred to the west and south of the Project site with extensive grading for a power substation and reservoir. By 2014 development appears as it does presently. Topographic mapping from 1968 depicts the power lines to the west of the Project ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

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site. No other built environment features are depicted on the available topographic maps of the area.

NAHC and Tribal Correspondence
Dudek requested a NAHC search of their Sacred Lands File (SLF) on December 1, 2021 for the Project site. On February 23, 2022, the NAHC responded that the result of the SLF check was negative. Follow-up communication and formal consultation with Native American tribes pursuant to Assembly Bill (AB) 52 will be completed by City staff.

The proposed Project is subject to compliance with Assembly Bill 52 (PRC Section 21074), which requires consideration of impacts to “tribal cultural resources” as part of the CEQA process and requires the CEQA lead agency to notify any groups (who have requested notification) of the Project who are traditionally or culturally affiliated with the geographic area of the Project. Because AB 52 is a government-to government process, all records of correspondence related to AB 52 notification and any subsequent consultation are on file with the City.

Intensive Pedestrian Survey
Dudek archaeologist Ross Owen inspected all portions of the approximately 5.7-acre Project site on December 16, 2021, using standard archaeological procedures and techniques that meet the Secretary of Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for cultural resources inventory. The entirety of the proposed 5.7-acre development area was covered with non-native annual grasses. Surface visibility was very low (less than 5%) due to dense grasses. Exposed ground surfaces were observed for surface artifacts, undisturbed areas, archaeological deposits, and historic structures. Evidence of artifacts and archaeological deposits were also opportunistically sought after in animal burrows and along an unpaved access road. No historic structures were observed.

No archaeological resources were identified within the Project site during the field survey.

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Photo 1. Overview of Project Site taken from NE corner, facing SW Geomorphology
Potential for yet identified cultural resources in the vicinity was reviewed against geologic and topographic GIS data for the area and information from other nearby projects. The “archaeological sensitivity,” or potential to support the presence of a buried prehistoric archaeological deposits, is generally interpreted based on geologic landform and environmental parameters (i.e., distance to water and landform slope).

The Project site is located within the Great Valley Geomorphic Province of California, a large basin comprised of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys, bounded by the Serra Nevada and Coast Ranges to the east and west respectively. Specifically, the Project site is north of an unnamed tributary to Morrison Creek which feeds into the Sacramento River.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Subject: Cultural Resources Letter Report for the Juniper Creek Energy Storage Project, City of Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
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Soils within the site are entirely characterized as Redding gravelly loam soil series, which consists of loamy alluvium deposited on alluvial fan remnants. These soils are moderately well drained, and derived from igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rock. Slopes within the Project site are between 0-2 percent. Based on review of this information the Project site would be moderatelywell suited to support the formation or continued presence of buried cultural deposits or surface manifestations.

SUMMARY AND MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
Archaeological Resources
A NCIC records search did not identify the presence of archaeological resources (including both prehistoric resources of Native American origin and historic-era archaeological resources) within the proposed Project site or the surrounding vicinity. One historic-era built environment resource, consisting of an industrial building previously assessed to be not CRHR eligible, was identified by the NCIC to be within the half-mile area surrounding the Project site. An NAHC Sacred Lands File search was negative. No newly identified archaeological resources were recorded during the pedestrian survey of the proposed Project site. Observation of the present conditions and archival imagery within the proposed Project indicate surface conditions are disturbed from previous agricultural activities. The proposed Project, as currently designed, appears to have a very low potential for encountering intact cultural deposits during ground-disturbing activities and would have no impact to known cultural resources. Based on these negative findings and the observed conditions of the present proposed Project site, no additional cultural resources efforts, including archaeological monitoring, are recommended to be necessary beyond standard protection measures for unanticipated discoveries of cultural resources and human remains, outlined below.

Unanticipated Discovery of Archaeological Resources
In the event that archaeological resources (sites, features, or artifacts) are exposed during construction activities for the proposed Project, all construction work occurring within 100 feet of the find shall immediately stop until a qualified archaeologist, meeting the Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualification Standards, can evaluate the significance of the find and determine whether or not additional study is warranted. Depending upon the significance of the find under CEQA (14 CCR 15064.5(f); PRC Section 21082), the archaeologist may simply record the find and allow work to continue. If the discovery proves significant under CEQA, additional work such as preparation of an archaeological treatment plan, testing, or data recovery may be warranted.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

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Unanticipated Discovery of Human Remains
In accordance with Section 7050.5 of the California Health and Safety Code, if human remains are found, the County Coroner shall be immediately notified of the discovery. No further excavation or disturbance of the site or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie adjacent remains shall occur until the County Coroner has determined, within 2 working days of notification of the discovery, if the potential remains are human in origin. If the County Coroner determines that the remains are, or are believed to be, Native American, he or she shall notify the NAHC in Sacramento within 24 hours. In accordance with California Public Resources Code, Section 5097.98, the NAHC must immediately notify those persons it believes to be the MLD from the deceased Native American. The MLD shall provide recommendations within 48 hours of being granted access to the site. The designated Native American representative would then determine, in consultation with the property owner, the disposition of the human remains.

Respectfully submitted,
___________________
Ross Owen, M.A., R.P.A.
cc: Adam Giacinto, MA, RPA, Dudek
Nicholas Hanten, MA, Dudek
Keith Carwana, Dudek
Att: NADB Information
Figure 1. Project Location
Figure 2. Project Site
Appendix A: NCIC Records Search Results - Confidential
Appendix B: NAHC SLF Search

REFERENCES CITED
NETR (Nationwide Environmental Title Research). Historical Aerials. Accessed December 30, 2021. www.historicaerials.com.

UC Davis (University of California, Davis). 2021. California Soil Resource Lab: SoilWeb.

Accessed December 30, 2021. https://casoilresource.lawr.ucdavis.edu/gmap/.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

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USDA (United States Department of Agricultural). 2021. Natural Resources Conservation Service: Web Soil Survey. Accessed December 30, 2021.
https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/HomePage.htm. 48 FR 44716–44740.Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and HistoricPreservation.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

NATIONAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL DATABASE (NADB) INFORMATION
Authors: Ross Owen MA, RPA, Nicholas Hanten, MA, and Adam Giacinto, MA, RPA
Firm: Dudek
Project Proponent: Vesper Energy
Report Date: May 2023
Report Title: Cultural Resources Letter Report for the Juniper Creek Energy Storage Project, Sacramento County, California
Type of Study: Archaeological Inventory, Intensive Pedestrian Survey Acreage: Approximately 5.7 acres
Resources: None
USGS Quads: Sections 9 and 16, Township 8 North, Range 7 East, Buffalo Creek Quadrangle USGS map
Keywords: Rancho Cordova, Archaeological Inventory, Intensive Pedestrian Survey, Sacramento Municipal Utility District
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ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

APPENDIX A

CONFIDENTIAL
NCIC Records Search Results
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

APPENDIX B
NAHC SLF Search
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

STATE OF CALIFORNIA Gavin Newsom, Governor

NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION

February 23, 2022
Nicholas Hanten
Dudek
Via Email to: [email protected]
Re: Native American Tribal Consultation, Pursuant to the Assembly Bill 52 (AB 52), Amendments to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (Chapter 532, Statutes of 2014), Public Resources Code Sections 5097.94 (m), 21073, 21074, 21080.3.1, 21080.3.2, 21082.3, 21083.09, 21084.2 and 21084.3, Sunridge Energy Storage (13267.05) Project, Sacramento County Dear Mr. Hanten:

Pursuant to Public Resources Code section 21080.3.1 (c), attached is a consultation list of tribes that are traditionally and culturally affiliated with the geographic area of the above-listed project. Please note that the intent of the AB 52 amendments to CEQA is to avoid and/or mitigate impacts to tribal cultural resources, (Pub. Resources Code §21084.3 (a)) (“Public agencies shall, when feasible, avoid damaging effects to any tribal cultural resource.”) Public Resources Code sections 21080.3.1 and 21084.3(c) require CEQA lead agencies to consult with California Native American tribes that have requested notice from such agencies of proposed projects in the geographic area that are traditionally and culturally affiliated with the tribes on projects for which a Notice of Preparation or Notice of Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration has been filed on or after July 1, 2015. Specifically, Public Resources Code section 21080.3.1 (d) provides:

Within 14 days of determining that an application for a project is complete or a decision by a public agency to undertake a project, the lead agency shall provide formal notification to the designated contact of, or a tribal representative of, traditionally and culturally affiliated California Native American tribes that have requested notice, which shall be accomplished by means of at least one written notification that includes a brief description of the proposed project and its location, the lead agency contact information, and a notification that the California Native American tribe has 30 days to request consultation pursuant to this section.

The AB 52 amendments to CEQA law does not preclude initiating consultation with the tribes that are culturally and traditionally affiliated within your jurisdiction prior to receiving requests for notification of projects in the tribe’s areas of traditional and cultural affiliation. The Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) recommends, but does not require, early consultation as a best practice to ensure that lead agencies receive sufficient information about cultural resources in a project area to avoid damaging effects to tribal cultural resources.

The NAHC also recommends, but does not require that agencies should also include with their notification letters, information regarding any cultural resources assessment that has been completed on the area of potential effect (APE), such as:

1. The results of any record search that may have been conducted at an Information Center of the California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS), including, but not limited to:

CHAIRPERSON
Laura Miranda
Luiseño

VICE CHAIRPERSON
Reginald Pagaling
Chumash

PARLIAMENTARIAN
Russell Attebery
Karuk

SECRETARY
Sara Dutschke
Miwok

COMMISSIONER
William Mungary
Paiute/White Mountain
Apache

COMMISSIONER
Isaac Bojorquez
Ohlone-Costanoan

COMMISSIONER
Buffy McQuillen
Yokayo Pomo, Yuki,
Nomlaki

COMMISSIONER
Wayne Nelson
Luiseño

COMMISSIONER
Stanley Rodriguez
Kumeyaay

EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Christina Snider
Pomo

NAHC HEADQUARTERS
1550 Harbor Boulevard
Suite 100
West Sacramento,
California 95691
(916) 373-3710
[email protected]
NAHC.ca.gov
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

• A listing of any and all known cultural resources that have already been recorded on or adjacent to the APE, such as known archaeological sites;
• Copies of any and all cultural resource records and study reports that may have been provided by the Information Center as part of the records search response; • Whether the records search indicates a low, moderate, or high probability that unrecorded cultural resources are located in the APE; and
• If a survey is recommended by the Information Center to determine whether previously unrecorded cultural resources are present.

2. The results of any archaeological inventory survey that was conducted, including:
• Any report that may contain site forms, site significance, and suggested mitigation measures.

All information regarding site locations, Native American human remains, and associated funerary objects should be in a separate confidential addendum, and not be made available for public disclosure in accordance with Government Code section 6254.10.

3. The result of any Sacred Lands File (SLF) check conducted through the Native American Heritage Commission was negative.

4. Any ethnographic studies conducted for any area including all or part of the APE; and

5. Any geotechnical reports regarding all or part of the APE.

Lead agencies should be aware that records maintained by the NAHC and CHRIS are not exhaustive and a negative response to these searches does not preclude the existence of a tribal cultural resource. A tribe may be the only source of information regarding the existence of a tribal cultural resource.

This information will aid tribes in determining whether to request formal consultation. In the event that they do, having the information beforehand will help to facilitate the consultation process.

If you receive notification of change of addresses and phone numbers from tribes, please notify the NAHC. With your assistance, we can assure that our consultation list remains current.

If you have any questions, please contact me at my email address: [email protected].

Sincerely,
Pricilla Torres-Fuentes
Cultural Resources Analyst
Attachment
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Buena Vista Rancheria of MeWuk Indians
Rhonda Morningstar Pope,
Chairperson
1418 20th Street, Suite 200
Sacramento, CA, 95811
Phone: (916) 491 - 0011
Fax: (916) 491-0012
[email protected]
Me-Wuk
Chicken Ranch Rancheria of
Me-Wuk Indians
Lloyd Mathiesen, Chairperson
P.O. Box 1159
Jamestown, CA, 95327
Phone: (209) 984 - 9066
Fax: (209) 984-9269
[email protected]
Me-Wuk
Ione Band of Miwok Indians
Sara Dutschke, Chairperson
9252 Bush Street
Plymouth, CA, 95669
Phone: (209) 245 - 5800
[email protected]
Miwok
Nashville Enterprise MiwokMaidu-Nishinam Tribe
Cosme Valdez, Chairperson
P.O. Box 580986
Elk Grove, CA, 95758-0017
Phone: (916) 429 - 8047
Fax: (916) 429-8047
[email protected]
Miwok
Shingle Springs Band of Miwok
Indians
Regina Cuellar, Chairperson
P.O. Box 1340
Shingle Springs, CA, 95682
Phone: (530) 387 - 4970
Fax: (530) 387-8067
[email protected]
Maidu
Miwok
Tsi Akim Maidu
Grayson Coney, Cultural Director
P.O. Box 510
Browns Valley, CA, 95918
Phone: (530) 383 - 7234
[email protected]
Maidu
Tsi Akim Maidu
Don Ryberg, Chairperson
P.O. Box 510
Browns Valley, CA, 95918
Phone: (530) 383 - 7234
[email protected]
Maidu
United Auburn Indian
Community of the Auburn
Rancheria
Gene Whitehouse, Chairperson
10720 Indian Hill Road
Auburn, CA, 95603
Phone: (530) 883 - 2390
Fax: (530) 883-2380
[email protected]
Maidu
Miwok
Wilton Rancheria
Jesus Tarango, Chairperson
9728 Kent Street
Elk Grove, CA, 95624
Phone: (916) 683 - 6000
Fax: (916) 683-6015
[email protected]
Miwok
Wilton Rancheria
Steven Hutchason, THPO
9728 Kent Street
Elk Grove, CA, 95624
Phone: (916) 683 - 6000
Fax: (916) 863-6015
shutchason@wiltonrancheriansn.gov
Miwok
Wilton Rancheria
Dahlton Brown, Director of
Administration
9728 Kent Street
Elk Grove, CA, 95624
Phone: (916) 683 - 6000
[email protected]
Miwok
Colfax-Todds Valley
Consolidated Tribe
Clyde Prout, Chairperson
P.O. Box 4884 none
Auburn, CA, 95604
Phone: (530) 577 - 3558
[email protected]
Maidu
Miwok
1 of 2
This list is current only as of the date of this document. Distribution of this list does not relieve any person of statutory responsibility as defined in Section 7050.5 of the Health and Safety Code, Section 5097.94 of the Public Resources Code and section 5097.98 of the Public Resources Code.

This list is only applicable for consultation with Native American tribes under Public Resources Code Sections 21080.3.1 for the proposed Sunridge Energy Storage (13267.05) Project, Sacramento County.

PROJ-2022-
000648
02/16/2022 03:12 PM
Native American Heritage Commission
Tribal Consultation List
Sacramento County
2/16/2022
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Colfax-Todds Valley
Consolidated Tribe
Pamela Cubbler, Treasurer
P.O. Box 4884
Auburn, CA, 95604
Phone: (530) 320 - 3943
[email protected]
Maidu
Miwok
2 of 2
This list is current only as of the date of this document. Distribution of this list does not relieve any person of statutory responsibility as defined in Section 7050.5 of the Health and Safety Code, Section 5097.94 of the Public Resources Code and section 5097.98 of the Public Resources Code.

This list is only applicable for consultation with Native American tribes under Public Resources Code Sections 21080.3.1 for the proposed Sunridge Energy Storage (13267.05) Project, Sacramento County.

PROJ-2022-
000648
02/16/2022 03:12 PM
Native American Heritage Commission
Tribal Consultation List
Sacramento County
2/16/2022
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Appendix D
Geotechnical Site Rating
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

1 January 10, 2022
Visit the
CLIENT PORTAL >
to get the most out of
your Stage1 experience!
Sunridge Park LLC
SEC Canyonlands Drive and Poopenaut Court
Rancho Cordova, California
Vesper Energy Corp.

Allen, Texas
Terracon Project No. GR215725
January 10, 2022
Your Stage1 Representatives:

Alayna M. Thompson John V. Romano, P.G.

Assistant Project Manager Client Service Manager
[email protected] [email protected]

GEOTECHNICAL SITE RATING
Site rating is based on expected subsurface conditions and the project, or in the event the project is not known, general constructability.

Site contains average constructability concerns. Typical construction for this project type is expected with some contingency for variation as described within this report.

Better Suited Less Suited
1 2 3
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Sunridge Park LLC Project No. GR215725
2 January 10, 2022

DEVELOPMENT DESCRIPTION
The site covers approximately 6 acres and is planned to be developed as a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS).

See INFORMATION SOURCES for a detailed list of sources used to generate this figure.

For interactive
features visit:
client.terracon.com
6 ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Sunridge Park LLC Project No. GR215725
3 January 10, 2022

HISTORICAL AERIAL IMAGES SUMMARY

LOCATION DESCRIPTION
Site 1993 – 2002: The site appears to be vacant land.
2003: An unimproved road or other linear feature is visible at the east edge of the northeast portion of the site.
2004: Various unimproved roads appear to intersect the site. 2005: Grading/development appears to have been started in the majority of the southern and east-central portions of the site.
2006: The majority of the site appears to have been graded including linear features and possible structures at the northeast part of the site and along the west and south sides of the site.
2007: The linear features now extend along the southeast and east portions of the site. 2008 – 2010: The linear features now appear to be drainage features along the northwestern and northern site boundaries. An apparent retaining and/or free-standing wall has been constructed along the entire eastern and southeastern boundary of the site.

Construction of the substation facility southwest of the site has begun at the same time as a residential neighborhood being constructed northwest of the site. 2011 – 2012: An unimproved road appears to run along the northeastern site boundary (Poopenaut Court).

Later in 2012 – 2013: The site appears to have been graded.

Later in 2013 – 2021: The site is being graded, including apparent stockpiling of soils at the northeast corner. During this time span the evidence of widespread stockpiling slowly fades, the drainage feature along the northwest side of the site is being removed, and the northern portions of the wall along the east boundary of the site is apparently being removed. The site remains undeveloped.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

TOPSOIL/FILL
Varyingamountsofsoftclayeytopsoiland/orfillareexpectedacross thesite.

LEANCLAYWITHSAND
Stifftoverystiff,reddishbrown,mediumtohighplasticity,variable sandcontent

CLAYEYSANDWITHGRAVEL
Mediumtoverydense,reddishbrown,variablegravelandclay
content

CLAYEYGRAVELWITHSAND
Mediumdensetoverydense,reddishbrown,variablesandandclay content
EndofExpectedLithologyat20feet
Loosetopsoiland/orfillwithinnearsurface
soilsisanticipatedontheprojectsite.

NRCSmappingindicateson-sitesoils
havealowshrink-swellpotential.However,
basedonourexperiencenearthesite,wedo
expectpotentiallyexpansivenearsurfacelean
claysoilswillbeencounteredatthesiteat
foundationbearingelevations.

Groundwaterisanticipatedtobe
encounteredatdepthsgreaterthan100feet
belowgroundsurface(bgs)basedon
environmentalmonitoringwellslocated
approximately1.25milesnorthwestofthesite.

Verydensegravels/cobblesgreaterthan3
inchesdimensionareanticipated
approximately10feetbgs.Thesesoilswill
causedifficultieswhendrillingdrilledshaft
foundationsfortheproposeddevelopments.

Gravelsmayalsobeencounteredwithinnear
surfacesoils.
5 10
15 20
TheEXPECTEDLITHOLOGYwaspreparedasapartofthisStage1report.Itshould notbeutilizedordistributedoutsideofthisreport.COMMENTSinclude,butarenot limitedto,potentialvariabilityofgeology,lithology,andgroundwaterasnoted. ANTICIPATED GROUNDWATER D

MATERIALDESCRIPTION
EPTH(Feet)

LITHOLOGY

COMMENTSONPOTENTIALVARIABILITY
SunridgeParkLLC
4 AreaRepresented:Entiresite

EXPECTEDLITHOLOGY
ProjectNo.GR215725
January7,2022
The EXPECTED LITHOLOGY noted below is subject to the CONFIDENCE ESTIMATE noted in the Stage1. The opinions of subsurface conditions are very preliminary in nature. These opinions must be validated with site-specific exploration and testing. See METHODOLOGY AND LIMITATIONSforadditionalclarificationregardingthelimitationstothefollowingopinionsandmethodsusedtoderivetheseopinions.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Sunridge Park LLC Project No. GR215725
5 January 10, 2022

CONFIDENCE ESTIMATE
We have used a weighted average approach, please refer to METHODOLOGY AND LIMITATIONS.

SITE RATING
The site was evaluated for the presence or potential presence of the following geotechnical challenges: Shallow bedrock, soft soils, dense soils, expansive soils, variable topography, previous site usage, seismicity, and underlying geologic conditions such as karst or the presence of loess. Based on this evaluation we have assigned the site a Site Rating as shown below. Please refer to our METHODOLOGY AND LIMITATIONS for more information about SITE RATING determination.

Based on the potential for encountering undocumented
fill materials and/or expansive clays at the surface as well as very dense gravelly/cobbly soils as shallow as 8 feet, we consider this site to have average
constructability concerns and have assigned a Site
Rating of 2.

DECREASED

CONFIDENCE
We examined 3 historical projects
within a 3 miles radius.

AVERAGE

CONFIDENCE
Available public data is somewhat
consistent with our understanding of
the area.

INCREASED

CONFIDENCE
Practitioner has local experience in
excess of 15 years.

Better Suited Less Suited
1 2 3
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Sunridge Park LLC Project No. GR215725
6 January 10, 2022

FOUNDATION DESIGN

SITE AND CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS

SITE AND CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS NOTES
￭ Based on Google Earth Pro, the site topography ranges from an approximate elevation of 193 to 202 feet msl. ￭ A cursory review of the (publicly available) historical images indicates that portions of the site were previously disturbed and used for grading, drainage structures, and soil stockpiling. In our experience, there is an increased risk of encountering deleterious or unsuitable fill materials on a disturbed site.

CONSIDERATIONS
Shallow foundation support is likely acceptable
for the proposed enclosed battery energy storage
systems (BESS) and power transformers/
inverters.

Yes: Typical shallow spread footings and mat/slab foundations are anticipated to be feasible at the site. However, potentially expansive near surface clays may be encountered on site.

Over-excavations of the subgrade soils and replacement with imported engineered fill or chemical stabilization of subgrade soils may be required. Footings will likely need to extend below the zone of significant seasonal moisture fluctuations.

Deep foundation support is likely acceptable for
proposed static masts, bus supports, and
equipment support stands:

Yes: Drilled shaft foundations are anticipated to work at the site. However, very dense gravels/cobbles may be
encountered within 10 feet of existing grades. This may result in difficult drilling and will likely require temporary casing or slurry drilling methods to construct drilled piers.

Anticipated Seismic Site Class: C – Based on near surface very dense gravels/cobbles anticipated extending to depth at the site.

CONSIDERATIONS
Anticipated excavation equipment:

Conventional; however, difficult excavation through
gravelly/cobbly soils as shallow as 8 feet should be
anticipated. Such soils also have the tendency to cave and slough during excavations. Laying back of slopes, shoring, and/or formwork will likely be needed for foundation and other excavations.

Frost embedment depth: N/A
Concern for karst: Karst is not mapped by the USGS. Karst is not anticipated to be a concern for the site.

NRCS mapped potential for concrete corrosion due
to on-site soils: Moderate
NRCS mapped potential for steel corrosion due to
on-site soils: High
Mapped Faults on Site: No
Mapped Faults within 0.5-mile of Site: No
Mapped mines on Site: No
Mapped loess on Site: No loess or eolian soils are mapped by the NRCS. Collapsible soils are not anticipated to be a concern for the site.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Sunridge Park LLC Project No. GR215725
7 January 10, 2022
￭ We anticipate potentially expansive near surface lean clay soils will be encountered at the site at shallow foundation bearing elevations. Mitigation measures including over-excavation and replacement with low volume change engineered fill or chemical stabilization of the subgrade soils with lime or cement will likely be required. ￭ Very dense gravels and/or cobbles are anticipated within the top 10 feet below existing grades at the site (these were encountered as shallow as 8 feet at a nearby site). These soils will cause difficulties for drilling proposed drilled shaft foundations for proposed static masts, bus supports, or equipment support stands. Temporary casing/slurry drilling methods will likely need to be implemented for proposed drilled shafts. ￭ Gravels/cobbles may also be encountered in shallow excavations for proposed shallow foundations, grounding systems, and underground conduits for utilities. Laying back of slopes, shoring, and/or formwork will likely be need for shallow excavations.

GEOTECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS and corresponding NEXT STEPS prepared by:

Beau D. Donaldson, P.E. Frederick Maurer Jr., P.E.

Project Geotechnical Engineer Senior Geotechnical Engineer [email protected] [email protected]
For review only.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Sunridge Park LLC Project No. GR215725
8 January 10, 2022

GEOTECHNICAL
In order to characterize the subsurface conditions, we recommend geotechnical explorations of the site. Geotechnical explorations will provide the necessary sampling and testing to provide foundation design parameter recommendations. Please refer to Terracon Proposal PNB215111 for our geotechnical exploration scope. The locations of our planned geotechnical explorations can be viewed on the client portal.

To complete the corresponding Next Steps for Geotechnical Services please contact Beau Donaldson at [email protected].

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Sunridge Park LLC Project No. GR215725
9 January 10, 2022

TERRACON DATA
Terracon has 11 historical geotechnical projects within 3 miles of the site. Of those, the local practitioner reviewed select exploration projects to gain a better understanding of potential subsurface conditions. The geotechnical project locations are illustrated on the Client Portal.

PUBLICLY AVAILABLE

GIS DATA
Alquist-Priolo Fault Traces
Alquist-Priolo Fault Zones
Geology with Faults

AERIAL IMAGERY
Terracon reviewed the following readily available historical aerial images and street view images available on January 3, 2022, to develop a limited history of previous site usage:

Aerial Images
Google Earth Pro™
Street View Images
Google Maps, Google Earth Pro™
The use of available aerial imagery resources is intended to help understand previous site usage. These images are widely spaced in time. They should not be considered appropriate for identifying site activities which may have impacted subsurface conditions. A more comprehensive review of aerial imagery and/or site interviews would be required to further evaluate previous site usage.

OTHER SOURCES
State Water Resources Control Board GeoTracker.
https://geotracker.waterboards.ca.gov/
Soil Survey Geographic U.S. Database
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Sunridge Park LLC Project No. GR215725
10 January 10, 2022

LIMITATIONS
This report provides very preliminary opinions of siting and construction challenges that may be associated with the stated project plans for the stated property. Confirmation of opinions stated in this document is essential. Absence of a mapped resource does not mean that it is not present. Confirmation should include performing a site-specific evaluation consistent with the guidelines set forth in NEXT STEPS.

All parties are advised that any decisions or actions taken by any party based on the information contained herein, including decisions with financial implications are done solely at the risk of that party. By providing this information in this preliminary form, Terracon expressly disclaims any duties or obligations associated with the usage of this information for decision-making or design purposes.

In the event that changes to the nature, design, or location of the project, as outlined in this report, are planned, the preliminary conclusions and recommendations contained in this report shall not be used unless Terracon reviews the changes and either verifies or modifies the conclusions of this report in writing. As the project moves into the design phase, Terracon should be retained to develop and complete a scope of work that includes site-specific explorations as noted in NEXT STEPS.

Terracon and Vesper Energy Corp. recognize we have entered into an agreement that may contain certain confidential or nondisclosure obligations relating to our services. Vesper Energy Corp. recognizes, however, that although such confidentiality obligations may be in place, those obligations do not create an exclusive relationship between the parties nor do those obligations create an exclusive ownership right to Vesper Energy Corp. relating to the data in question. Terracon has the unfettered ability to provide similar services to any other party and use any public or previously available data for the service of others, even if included as part of this report, but Terracon will refrain from disclosing confidential information of Vesper Energy Corp. which is provided by Vesper Energy Corp. to the extent required by any applicable non-disclosure agreement.

Terracon does not represent the imagery reviewed to be a complete historical record of previous site usage, nor does Terracon validate the accuracy and sufficiency of the public domain sources that have been utilized.

METHODOLOGY

CONFIDENCE ESTIMATE OF EXPECTED LITHOLOGY
Terracon has assigned confidence estimates for the datasets based on upon the engineer’s local practice in the vicinity of the site.

The engineer assigned a subjective confidence opinion of decreased, average, or increased for each of the following categories:
● Historical Project Data
● Local Experience
● Public Data
Using a weighted averaging approach, we derived an overall confidence interval in which historical project data was weighted more heavily than local experience which was weighted more heavily than public data. Decreased confidence implies that the level of available data and/or consistency is such that little confidence can be placed in the Geotechnical Considerations. Conversely, an increased confidence ranking implies that sufficient data and consistency exists to derive a high confidence in the statement of expected lithology.

Regardless of the confidence ranking, actual conditions may vary significantly from the predicted conditions, and the expected conditions must be confirmed with site-specific exploration data, and significant variations from the expected conditions are possible.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Sunridge Park LLC Project No. GR215725
11 January 10, 2022

GEOTECHNICAL SITE RATING
The site was evaluated for the presence or potential presence of the following geotechnical challenges: Shallow Rock, Soft Soil, Expansive Soil, Variable Topography, Previous Site Usage, Seismicity, and Underlying Geologic conditions such as Karst or the presence of Loess.

Conventional construction methods likely suitable. No
obvious geotechnical and/or geologic constraints.

Project contains average constructability concerns. Typical construction for this project type is expected with some contingency for variation as described within this report.

Project contains above average constructability concerns.

Geotechnical and or geologic constraints likely present that warrant further studies and/or mitigation beyond what is typical.

Anchor
Terracon Consultants, Inc. 50 Goldenland Ct., Suite 100 Sacramento, CA 95834 (916) 928-4690 terracon.com
1 2 3
Better Suited Less Suited
1 2 3
Better Suited Less Suited
1 2 3
Better Suited Less Suited
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

Appendix E
Phase I Environmental Site Assessment
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

PHASE | ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT REPORT

SUNRIDGE STORAGE

POOPENAUT COURT, RANCHO CORDOVA,

SACRAMENTO

COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

Prepared for:

Vesper Energy Development, LLC
909 Lake Carolyn Parkway, Suite 260
Irving, Texas 75039
Prepared by:

EN
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
301 Metro Center Boulevard, Suite 102
Warwick, Rhode Island 02886
July 2021

PHASE | ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT REPORT

SUNRIDGE STORAGE

POOPENAUT COURT, RANCHO CORDOVA,

SACRAMENTO

COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

Prepared for:

Vesper Energy Development, LLC
909 Lake Carolyn Parkway, Suite 260
Irving, Texas 75039
Prepared by:

EN
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
301 Metro Center Boulevard, Suite 102
Warwick, Rhode Island 02886
July 2021

PHASE | ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT REPORT

SUNRIDGE STORAGE

POOPENAUT COURT, RANCHO CORDOVA,

SACRAMENTO

COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

Prepared for:

Vesper Energy Development, LLC
909 Lake Carolyn Parkway, Suite 260
Irving, Texas 75039
Prepared by:

EN
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
301 Metro Center Boulevard, Suite 102
Warwick, Rhode Island 02886
July 2021

PHASE | ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT REPORT

SUNRIDGE STORAGE

POOPENAUT COURT, RANCHO CORDOVA,

SACRAMENTO

COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

Prepared for:

Vesper Energy Development, LLC
909 Lake Carolyn Parkway, Suite 260
Irving, Texas 75039
Prepared by:

EN
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
301 Metro Center Boulevard, Suite 102
Warwick, Rhode Island 02886
July 2021

PHASE I ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT REPORT

SUNRIDGE STORAGE

POOPENAUT COURT, RANCHO CORDOVA,

SACRAMENTO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
Prepared for:

Vesper Energy Development, LLC
909 Lake Carolyn Parkway, Suite 260
Irving, Texas 75039
Prepared by:

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
301 Metro Center Boulevard, Suite 102
Warwick, Rhode Island 02886
July 2021
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

This page left intentionally blank This page left intentionally intentionally intentionally intentionally blank ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

PHASE | ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT
REPORT

SUNRIDGE STORAGE

POOPENAUT COURT, RANCHO CORDOVA, SACRAMENTO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Prepared for:

Vesper Energy Development, LLC
909 Lake Carolyn Parkway, Suite 260
Irving, Texas 75039

EA
Prepared by:

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
301 Metro Center Boulevard, Suite 102
Warwick, Rhode Island 02886

Final to be signed
Frank B. Postma, LSP, LEP, P.G.

Senior Project Manager
July 2021
EA Project No. 6361203
PHASE | ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT
REPORT

SUNRIDGE STORAGE

POOPENAUT COURT, RANCHO CORDOVA, SACRAMENTO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Prepared for:

Vesper Energy Development, LLC
909 Lake Carolyn Parkway, Suite 260
Irving, Texas 75039

EA
Prepared by:

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
301 Metro Center Boulevard, Suite 102
Warwick, Rhode Island 02886

Final to be signed
Frank B. Postma, LSP, LEP, P.G.

Senior Project Manager
July 2021
EA Project No. 6361203
PHASE | ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT
REPORT

SUNRIDGE STORAGE

POOPENAUT COURT, RANCHO CORDOVA, SACRAMENTO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Prepared for:

Vesper Energy Development, LLC
909 Lake Carolyn Parkway, Suite 260
Irving, Texas 75039

EA
Prepared by:

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
301 Metro Center Boulevard, Suite 102
Warwick, Rhode Island 02886

Final to be signed
Frank B. Postma, LSP, LEP, P.G.

Senior Project Manager
July 2021
EA Project No. 6361203
PHASE | ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT
REPORT

SUNRIDGE STORAGE

POOPENAUT COURT, RANCHO CORDOVA, SACRAMENTO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Prepared for:

Vesper Energy Development, LLC
909 Lake Carolyn Parkway, Suite 260
Irving, Texas 75039

EA
Prepared by:

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
301 Metro Center Boulevard, Suite 102
Warwick, Rhode Island 02886

Final to be signed
Frank B. Postma, LSP, LEP, P.G.

Senior Project Manager
July 2021
EA Project No. 6361203

PHASE I ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT
REPORT

SUNRIDGE STORAGE

POOPENAUT COURT, RANCHO CORDOVA,

SACRAMENTO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
Prepared for:

Vesper Energy Development, LLC
909 Lake Carolyn Parkway, Suite 260
Irving, Texas 75039
Prepared by:

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
301 Metro Center Boulevard, Suite 102
Warwick, Rhode Island 02886
Final to be signed
Frank B. Postma, LSP, LEP, P.G.

Senior Project Manager
July 2021
EA Project No. 6361203
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

This page intentionally left blank This page intentionally intentionally intentionally intentionally left blank ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

EA Project No.: 6361203

Page i
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF FIGURES ..... otitis eee ete eee e santa e esse essa e ee snaa ee nnae ee nnneas Iv LIST OF TABLES .....cc cetera neers nna anne Iv
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ......ooiiiie eects Vv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY eons ES-1

1. INTRODUCTION ccc e esate esta e sabe eeanbaeesnbeeesnbeeennane ans 1-1 11 PURPOSE ..... ccna nee nnn 1-1

1.2 DETAILED SCOPE OF SERVICES .......coiiii ieee 1-1

1.3 SIGNIFICANT ASSUMPTIONS. ......ooiiiiiieieeee eee 1-1 14 LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS... cece seen 1-2

1.5 SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS. ......ccci ieee 1-2

1.6 USER RELIANCE... ccc 1-2
2 SITE DESCRIPTION Liisa nner enna 2-1

2.1 LOCATION AND LEGAL DESCRIPTION ....ccoooiiiiiiiec cies 2-1

2.2 SITE AND VICINITY GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS... 2-1

2.2.1 TOPOGIAPNY eee eee 2-1

2.2.2 GEOIOQY ...veeiieie cies eee eee aetna ana ana eae 2-1

2.2.3 HYArolOgy «c.count 2-1

2.2.4 SOS... 2-2

2.3 CURRENT USE OF THE PROPERTY Levitin 2-2
24 DESCRIPTION OF ONSITE STRUCTURES, ROADS, AND
IMPROVEMENTS Loita esas e senna en 2-2

2.5 CURRENT USE OF ADJOINING PROPERTIES. .........ccoiiiieeeee 2-2 3 USER PROVIDED INFORMATION .....oiiiiiiiiiie ieee estes esis snes 3-1

3.1 TITLE RECORDS... eee ener nnn 3-1

3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL LIENS OR ACTIVITY AND USE LIMITATIONS....... 3-1

3.3 SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE........ccciiiiiiiiiieee eee 3-1

3.4 VALUATION REDUCTION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES. ................... 3-1

3.5 COMMONLY KNOWN OR REASONABLY ASCERTAINABLE
INFORMATION. ....ciiiiiiiiiie cesta esas sae enna ee nnaee ens 3-1

3.6 OWNER, PROPERTY MANAGER, AND OCCUPANT INFORMATION.....3-2

3.7 REASON FOR PERFORMING THE PHASE | ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT coer 3-2
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

EA Project No.: 6361203

Page i
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF FIGURES ..... otitis eee ete eee e santa e esse essa e ee snaa ee nnae ee nnneas Iv LIST OF TABLES .....cc cetera neers nna anne Iv
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ......ooiiiie eects Vv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY eons ES-1

1. INTRODUCTION ccc e esate esta e sabe eeanbaeesnbeeesnbeeennane ans 1-1 11 PURPOSE ..... ccna nee nnn 1-1

1.2 DETAILED SCOPE OF SERVICES .......coiiii ieee 1-1

1.3 SIGNIFICANT ASSUMPTIONS. ......ooiiiiiieieeee eee 1-1 14 LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS... cece seen 1-2

1.5 SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS. ......ccci ieee 1-2

1.6 USER RELIANCE... ccc 1-2
2 SITE DESCRIPTION Liisa nner enna 2-1

2.1 LOCATION AND LEGAL DESCRIPTION ....ccoooiiiiiiiec cies 2-1

2.2 SITE AND VICINITY GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS... 2-1

2.2.1 TOPOGIAPNY eee eee 2-1

2.2.2 GEOIOQY ...veeiieie cies eee eee aetna ana ana eae 2-1

2.2.3 HYArolOgy «c.count 2-1

2.2.4 SOS... 2-2

2.3 CURRENT USE OF THE PROPERTY Levitin 2-2
24 DESCRIPTION OF ONSITE STRUCTURES, ROADS, AND
IMPROVEMENTS Loita esas e senna en 2-2

2.5 CURRENT USE OF ADJOINING PROPERTIES. .........ccoiiiieeeee 2-2 3 USER PROVIDED INFORMATION .....oiiiiiiiiiie ieee estes esis snes 3-1

3.1 TITLE RECORDS... eee ener nnn 3-1

3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL LIENS OR ACTIVITY AND USE LIMITATIONS....... 3-1

3.3 SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE........ccciiiiiiiiiieee eee 3-1

3.4 VALUATION REDUCTION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES. ................... 3-1

3.5 COMMONLY KNOWN OR REASONABLY ASCERTAINABLE
INFORMATION. ....ciiiiiiiiiie cesta esas sae enna ee nnaee ens 3-1

3.6 OWNER, PROPERTY MANAGER, AND OCCUPANT INFORMATION.....3-2

3.7 REASON FOR PERFORMING THE PHASE | ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT coer 3-2
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

EA Project No.: 6361203

Page i
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF FIGURES ..... otitis eee ete eee e santa e esse essa e ee snaa ee nnae ee nnneas Iv LIST OF TABLES .....cc cetera neers nna anne Iv
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ......ooiiiie eects Vv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY eons ES-1

1. INTRODUCTION ccc e esate esta e sabe eeanbaeesnbeeesnbeeennane ans 1-1 11 PURPOSE ..... ccna nee nnn 1-1

1.2 DETAILED SCOPE OF SERVICES .......coiiii ieee 1-1

1.3 SIGNIFICANT ASSUMPTIONS. ......ooiiiiiieieeee eee 1-1 14 LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS... cece seen 1-2

1.5 SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS. ......ccci ieee 1-2

1.6 USER RELIANCE... ccc 1-2
2 SITE DESCRIPTION Liisa nner enna 2-1

2.1 LOCATION AND LEGAL DESCRIPTION ....ccoooiiiiiiiec cies 2-1

2.2 SITE AND VICINITY GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS... 2-1

2.2.1 TOPOGIAPNY eee eee 2-1

2.2.2 GEOIOQY ...veeiieie cies eee eee aetna ana ana eae 2-1

2.2.3 HYArolOgy «c.count 2-1

2.2.4 SOS... 2-2

2.3 CURRENT USE OF THE PROPERTY Levitin 2-2
24 DESCRIPTION OF ONSITE STRUCTURES, ROADS, AND
IMPROVEMENTS Loita esas e senna en 2-2

2.5 CURRENT USE OF ADJOINING PROPERTIES. .........ccoiiiieeeee 2-2 3 USER PROVIDED INFORMATION .....oiiiiiiiiiie ieee estes esis snes 3-1

3.1 TITLE RECORDS... eee ener nnn 3-1

3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL LIENS OR ACTIVITY AND USE LIMITATIONS....... 3-1

3.3 SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE........ccciiiiiiiiiieee eee 3-1

3.4 VALUATION REDUCTION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES. ................... 3-1

3.5 COMMONLY KNOWN OR REASONABLY ASCERTAINABLE
INFORMATION. ....ciiiiiiiiiie cesta esas sae enna ee nnaee ens 3-1

3.6 OWNER, PROPERTY MANAGER, AND OCCUPANT INFORMATION.....3-2

3.7 REASON FOR PERFORMING THE PHASE | ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT coer 3-2
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

EA Project No.: 6361203

Page i
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF FIGURES ..... otitis eee ete eee e santa e esse essa e ee snaa ee nnae ee nnneas Iv LIST OF TABLES .....cc cetera neers nna anne Iv
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ......ooiiiie eects Vv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY eons ES-1

1. INTRODUCTION ccc e esate esta e sabe eeanbaeesnbeeesnbeeennane ans 1-1 11 PURPOSE ..... ccna nee nnn 1-1

1.2 DETAILED SCOPE OF SERVICES .......coiiii ieee 1-1

1.3 SIGNIFICANT ASSUMPTIONS. ......ooiiiiiieieeee eee 1-1 14 LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS... cece seen 1-2

1.5 SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS. ......ccci ieee 1-2

1.6 USER RELIANCE... ccc 1-2
2 SITE DESCRIPTION Liisa nner enna 2-1

2.1 LOCATION AND LEGAL DESCRIPTION ....ccoooiiiiiiiec cies 2-1

2.2 SITE AND VICINITY GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS... 2-1

2.2.1 TOPOGIAPNY eee eee 2-1

2.2.2 GEOIOQY ...veeiieie cies eee eee aetna ana ana eae 2-1

2.2.3 HYArolOgy «c.count 2-1

2.2.4 SOS... 2-2

2.3 CURRENT USE OF THE PROPERTY Levitin 2-2
24 DESCRIPTION OF ONSITE STRUCTURES, ROADS, AND
IMPROVEMENTS Loita esas e senna en 2-2

2.5 CURRENT USE OF ADJOINING PROPERTIES. .........ccoiiiieeeee 2-2 3 USER PROVIDED INFORMATION .....oiiiiiiiiiie ieee estes esis snes 3-1

3.1 TITLE RECORDS... eee ener nnn 3-1

3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL LIENS OR ACTIVITY AND USE LIMITATIONS....... 3-1

3.3 SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE........ccciiiiiiiiiieee eee 3-1

3.4 VALUATION REDUCTION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES. ................... 3-1

3.5 COMMONLY KNOWN OR REASONABLY ASCERTAINABLE
INFORMATION. ....ciiiiiiiiiie cesta esas sae enna ee nnaee ens 3-1

3.6 OWNER, PROPERTY MANAGER, AND OCCUPANT INFORMATION.....3-2

3.7 REASON FOR PERFORMING THE PHASE | ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT coer 3-2
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
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EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................... v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... ES-1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................ 1-1

1.2 DETAILED SCOPE OF SERVICES .................................................................. 1-1

1.3 SIGNIFICANT ASSUMPTIONS ........................................................................ 1-1

1.4 LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS ................................................................. 1-2

1.5 SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS ............................................................ 1-2

1.6 USER RELIANCE............................................................................................... 1-2 SITE DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 LOCATION AND LEGAL DESCRIPTION ...................................................... 2-1

2.2 SITE AND VICINITY GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................ 2-1

2.2.1 Topography .............................................................................................. 2-1

2.2.2 Geology .................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2.3 Hydrology ................................................................................................ 2-1

2.2.4 Soils.......................................................................................................... 2-2

2.3 CURRENT USE OF THE PROPERTY .............................................................. 2-2

2.4 DESCRIPTION OF ONSITE STRUCTURES, ROADS, AND
IMPROVEMENTS .............................................................................................. 2-2

2.5 CURRENT USE OF ADJOINING PROPERTIES ............................................. 2-2 USER PROVIDED INFORMATION ............................................................................. 3-1

3.1 TITLE RECORDS ............................................................................................... 3-1

3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL LIENS OR ACTIVITY AND USE LIMITATIONS ....... 3-1

3.3 SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE .......................................................................... 3-1

3.4 VALUATION REDUCTION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ................... 3-1

3.5 COMMONLY KNOWN OR REASONABLY ASCERTAINABLE
INFORMATION.................................................................................................. 3-1

3.6 OWNER, PROPERTY MANAGER, AND OCCUPANT INFORMATION ..... 3-2

3.7 REASON FOR PERFORMING THE PHASE I ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT .................................................................................................... 3-2 ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

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4 RECORDS REVIEW... coisas staat ates 4-1

4.1 STANDARD FEDERAL, STATE, AND TRIBAL ENVIRONMENTAL
RECORDS ...... cette eee seater be esrb ea be ea nne ete ns 4-1

4.2 ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RECORD SOURCES.........cccccevviiniennnne 4-4

4.2.1 State Regulatory Environmental ReCords..........ccccovvvvverveiesiienneresiene 4-4

4.2.2 Zoning/Land Use RECOIS .........ccerieiiiiriiieiesie seein 4-4

4.2.3 Property TaX FIlES.......ccuiieiieieiieiieie secretes sees e esas 4-4

4.2.4 Recorded Land Title RECOIAS .......ccoovuiiiriieiiiiiiiiee eee 4-4

4.2.5 Other RECOMS .....c.eeiiieiiiieiieeie siesta eset aeseesra een ns 4-5

4.3 HISTORICAL USE INFORMATION ....cooiiiiiiiiiiie ieee seein 4-5

4.3.1 U.S. Geological Survey Topographic Maps ........ccccceevuerveresieeneerieseennns 4-5

4.3.2 Aerial Photographs.........ccoiiiiiiiiiieie ieee eee eee es 4-6

4.3.3 Fire INSUranCe IMapS.........c.cccverueiieiieriesieseesie see sie esis see sieesse snes ssa esae snes ses 4-8

4.3.4 Local Street DIFECIONIES ....c.veeiveeiiiieiiee cee 4-8

4.3.5 Prior Environmental REPOIS .......ccveiieiieiieieiiese cesses sees 4-8

4.3.6 Other HiStOrical SOUICES ........c.oiiiiiiiiiie recesses eee es 4-8 5 SITE RECONNAISSANCE ......ooiiiiieie eee sees sree 5-1 51 METHODOLOGY AND LIMITING CONDITIONS .......ccceiiiieiieieeeenieen 5-1 52 GENERAL SITE SETTING ....ccciiiieiie ities seein sree 5-1

5.3 INTERIOR OBSERVATIONS .....oiiieee eee es 5-1
54 EXTERIOR OBSERVATIONS .....oooiiiiieiieiee estes sees seein 5-1 6 INTERVIEWS .. ooo estes estes ste enbaeanre eran 6-1

6.1 PRESENT AND PAST OWNER INTERVIEWS........ccccooiiiiieeeee 6-1

6.2 PRESENT AND PAST SITE MANAGER INTERVIEW(S) .....ccccceiiiiriiinnnnne 6-1

6.3 PRESENT AND PAST OCCUPANT INTERVIEW(S) .....ccceooviieireriesieseenn 6-1

6.4 LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL INTERVIEW(S) ....ccceoovniiiiiiinienieenn 6-1

6.5 INTERVIEWS WITH OTHERS ......coiii eee 6-1
7 FINDINGS... eee eee eesti esate ete e aaa e abe e abba ete e sane e tee anes 7-1

7.1 DE MINIMIS FINDINGS cotinine sess sneer 7-1

7.2 HISTORICAL RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS. .............. 7-1

7.3 RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS.......ccocviiiiiieiieeniee sien 7-1

7.4 CONTROLLED RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS........... 7-2 T.5 DATA GAPS cee eee beaters nna eae 7-2

8. OPINION Locate este eee b eee e estes arte este e este e bee sateenbaeanae ates anne anne 8-1 Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

EA Project No.: 6361203

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EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 IR I © I I | = PSPSPS 3-2
4 RECORDS REVIEW... coisas staat ates 4-1

4.1 STANDARD FEDERAL, STATE, AND TRIBAL ENVIRONMENTAL
RECORDS ...... cette eee seater be esrb ea be ea nne ete ns 4-1

4.2 ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RECORD SOURCES.........cccccevviiniennnne 4-4

4.2.1 State Regulatory Environmental ReCords..........ccccovvvvverveiesiienneresiene 4-4

4.2.2 Zoning/Land Use RECOIS .........ccerieiiiiriiieiesie seein 4-4

4.2.3 Property TaX FIlES.......ccuiieiieieiieiieie secretes sees e esas 4-4

4.2.4 Recorded Land Title RECOIAS .......ccoovuiiiriieiiiiiiiiee eee 4-4

4.2.5 Other RECOMS .....c.eeiiieiiiieiieeie siesta eset aeseesra een ns 4-5

4.3 HISTORICAL USE INFORMATION ....cooiiiiiiiiiiie ieee seein 4-5

4.3.1 U.S. Geological Survey Topographic Maps ........ccccceevuerveresieeneerieseennns 4-5

4.3.2 Aerial Photographs.........ccoiiiiiiiiiieie ieee eee eee es 4-6

4.3.3 Fire INSUranCe IMapS.........c.cccverueiieiieriesieseesie see sie esis see sieesse snes ssa esae snes ses 4-8

4.3.4 Local Street DIFECIONIES ....c.veeiveeiiiieiiee cee 4-8

4.3.5 Prior Environmental REPOIS .......ccveiieiieiieieiiese cesses sees 4-8

4.3.6 Other HiStOrical SOUICES ........c.oiiiiiiiiiie recesses eee es 4-8 5 SITE RECONNAISSANCE ......ooiiiiieie eee sees sree 5-1 51 METHODOLOGY AND LIMITING CONDITIONS .......ccceiiiieiieieeeenieen 5-1 52 GENERAL SITE SETTING ....ccciiiieiie ities seein sree 5-1

5.3 INTERIOR OBSERVATIONS .....oiiieee eee es 5-1
54 EXTERIOR OBSERVATIONS .....oooiiiiieiieiee estes sees seein 5-1 6 INTERVIEWS .. ooo estes estes ste enbaeanre eran 6-1

6.1 PRESENT AND PAST OWNER INTERVIEWS........ccccooiiiiieeeee 6-1

6.2 PRESENT AND PAST SITE MANAGER INTERVIEW(S) .....ccccceiiiiriiinnnnne 6-1

6.3 PRESENT AND PAST OCCUPANT INTERVIEW(S) .....ccceooviieireriesieseenn 6-1

6.4 LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL INTERVIEW(S) ....ccceoovniiiiiiinienieenn 6-1

6.5 INTERVIEWS WITH OTHERS ......coiii eee 6-1
7 FINDINGS... eee eee eesti esate ete e aaa e abe e abba ete e sane e tee anes 7-1

7.1 DE MINIMIS FINDINGS cotinine sess sneer 7-1

7.2 HISTORICAL RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS. .............. 7-1

7.3 RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS.......ccocviiiiiieiieeniee sien 7-1

7.4 CONTROLLED RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS........... 7-2 T.5 DATA GAPS cee eee beaters nna eae 7-2

8. OPINION Locate este eee b eee e estes arte este e este e bee sateenbaeanae ates anne anne 8-1 Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

EA Project No.: 6361203

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EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 IR I © I I | = PSPSPS 3-2
4 RECORDS REVIEW... coisas staat ates 4-1

4.1 STANDARD FEDERAL, STATE, AND TRIBAL ENVIRONMENTAL
RECORDS ...... cette eee seater be esrb ea be ea nne ete ns 4-1

4.2 ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RECORD SOURCES.........cccccevviiniennnne 4-4

4.2.1 State Regulatory Environmental ReCords..........ccccovvvvverveiesiienneresiene 4-4

4.2.2 Zoning/Land Use RECOIS .........ccerieiiiiriiieiesie seein 4-4

4.2.3 Property TaX FIlES.......ccuiieiieieiieiieie secretes sees e esas 4-4

4.2.4 Recorded Land Title RECOIAS .......ccoovuiiiriieiiiiiiiiee eee 4-4

4.2.5 Other RECOMS .....c.eeiiieiiiieiieeie siesta eset aeseesra een ns 4-5

4.3 HISTORICAL USE INFORMATION ....cooiiiiiiiiiiie ieee seein 4-5

4.3.1 U.S. Geological Survey Topographic Maps ........ccccceevuerveresieeneerieseennns 4-5

4.3.2 Aerial Photographs.........ccoiiiiiiiiiieie ieee eee eee es 4-6

4.3.3 Fire INSUranCe IMapS.........c.cccverueiieiieriesieseesie see sie esis see sieesse snes ssa esae snes ses 4-8

4.3.4 Local Street DIFECIONIES ....c.veeiveeiiiieiiee cee 4-8

4.3.5 Prior Environmental REPOIS .......ccveiieiieiieieiiese cesses sees 4-8

4.3.6 Other HiStOrical SOUICES ........c.oiiiiiiiiiie recesses eee es 4-8 5 SITE RECONNAISSANCE ......ooiiiiieie eee sees sree 5-1 51 METHODOLOGY AND LIMITING CONDITIONS .......ccceiiiieiieieeeenieen 5-1 52 GENERAL SITE SETTING ....ccciiiieiie ities seein sree 5-1

5.3 INTERIOR OBSERVATIONS .....oiiieee eee es 5-1
54 EXTERIOR OBSERVATIONS .....oooiiiiieiieiee estes sees seein 5-1 6 INTERVIEWS .. ooo estes estes ste enbaeanre eran 6-1

6.1 PRESENT AND PAST OWNER INTERVIEWS........ccccooiiiiieeeee 6-1

6.2 PRESENT AND PAST SITE MANAGER INTERVIEW(S) .....ccccceiiiiriiinnnnne 6-1

6.3 PRESENT AND PAST OCCUPANT INTERVIEW(S) .....ccceooviieireriesieseenn 6-1

6.4 LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL INTERVIEW(S) ....ccceoovniiiiiiinienieenn 6-1

6.5 INTERVIEWS WITH OTHERS ......coiii eee 6-1
7 FINDINGS... eee eee eesti esate ete e aaa e abe e abba ete e sane e tee anes 7-1

7.1 DE MINIMIS FINDINGS cotinine sess sneer 7-1

7.2 HISTORICAL RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS. .............. 7-1

7.3 RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS.......ccocviiiiiieiieeniee sien 7-1

7.4 CONTROLLED RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS........... 7-2 T.5 DATA GAPS cee eee beaters nna eae 7-2

8. OPINION Locate este eee b eee e estes arte este e este e bee sateenbaeanae ates anne anne 8-1 Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

EA Project No.: 6361203

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EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 IR I © I I | = PSPSPS 3-2
4 RECORDS REVIEW... coisas staat ates 4-1

4.1 STANDARD FEDERAL, STATE, AND TRIBAL ENVIRONMENTAL
RECORDS ...... cette eee seater be esrb ea be ea nne ete ns 4-1

4.2 ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RECORD SOURCES.........cccccevviiniennnne 4-4

4.2.1 State Regulatory Environmental ReCords..........ccccovvvvverveiesiienneresiene 4-4

4.2.2 Zoning/Land Use RECOIS .........ccerieiiiiriiieiesie seein 4-4

4.2.3 Property TaX FIlES.......ccuiieiieieiieiieie secretes sees e esas 4-4

4.2.4 Recorded Land Title RECOIAS .......ccoovuiiiriieiiiiiiiiee eee 4-4

4.2.5 Other RECOMS .....c.eeiiieiiiieiieeie siesta eset aeseesra een ns 4-5

4.3 HISTORICAL USE INFORMATION ....cooiiiiiiiiiiie ieee seein 4-5

4.3.1 U.S. Geological Survey Topographic Maps ........ccccceevuerveresieeneerieseennns 4-5

4.3.2 Aerial Photographs.........ccoiiiiiiiiiieie ieee eee eee es 4-6

4.3.3 Fire INSUranCe IMapS.........c.cccverueiieiieriesieseesie see sie esis see sieesse snes ssa esae snes ses 4-8

4.3.4 Local Street DIFECIONIES ....c.veeiveeiiiieiiee cee 4-8

4.3.5 Prior Environmental REPOIS .......ccveiieiieiieieiiese cesses sees 4-8

4.3.6 Other HiStOrical SOUICES ........c.oiiiiiiiiiie recesses eee es 4-8 5 SITE RECONNAISSANCE ......ooiiiiieie eee sees sree 5-1 51 METHODOLOGY AND LIMITING CONDITIONS .......ccceiiiieiieieeeenieen 5-1 52 GENERAL SITE SETTING ....ccciiiieiie ities seein sree 5-1

5.3 INTERIOR OBSERVATIONS .....oiiieee eee es 5-1
54 EXTERIOR OBSERVATIONS .....oooiiiiieiieiee estes sees seein 5-1 6 INTERVIEWS .. ooo estes estes ste enbaeanre eran 6-1

6.1 PRESENT AND PAST OWNER INTERVIEWS........ccccooiiiiieeeee 6-1

6.2 PRESENT AND PAST SITE MANAGER INTERVIEW(S) .....ccccceiiiiriiinnnnne 6-1

6.3 PRESENT AND PAST OCCUPANT INTERVIEW(S) .....ccceooviieireriesieseenn 6-1

6.4 LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL INTERVIEW(S) ....ccceoovniiiiiiinienieenn 6-1

6.5 INTERVIEWS WITH OTHERS ......coiii eee 6-1
7 FINDINGS... eee eee eesti esate ete e aaa e abe e abba ete e sane e tee anes 7-1

7.1 DE MINIMIS FINDINGS cotinine sess sneer 7-1

7.2 HISTORICAL RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS. .............. 7-1

7.3 RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS.......ccocviiiiiieiieeniee sien 7-1

7.4 CONTROLLED RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS........... 7-2 T.5 DATA GAPS cee eee beaters nna eae 7-2

8. OPINION Locate este eee b eee e estes arte este e este e bee sateenbaeanae ates anne anne 8-1 Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
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EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

3.8 OTHER ................................................................................................................ 3-2 RECORDS REVIEW....................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 STANDARD FEDERAL, STATE, AND TRIBAL ENVIRONMENTAL
RECORDS ........................................................................................................... 4-1

4.2 ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RECORD SOURCES ............................. 4-4

4.2.1 State Regulatory Environmental Records ................................................ 4-4

4.2.2 Zoning/Land Use Records ....................................................................... 4-4

4.2.3 Property Tax Files .................................................................................... 4-4

4.2.4 Recorded Land Title Records .................................................................. 4-4

4.2.5 Other Records .......................................................................................... 4-5

4.3 HISTORICAL USE INFORMATION ................................................................ 4-5

4.3.1 U.S. Geological Survey Topographic Maps ............................................ 4-5

4.3.2 Aerial Photographs................................................................................... 4-6

4.3.3 Fire Insurance Maps ................................................................................. 4-8

4.3.4 Local Street Directories ........................................................................... 4-8

4.3.5 Prior Environmental Reports ................................................................... 4-8

4.3.6 Other Historical Sources .......................................................................... 4-8 SITE RECONNAISSANCE ............................................................................................ 5-1

5.1 METHODOLOGY AND LIMITING CONDITIONS ........................................ 5-1

5.2 GENERAL SITE SETTING ................................................................................ 5-1

5.3 INTERIOR OBSERVATIONS ........................................................................... 5-1

5.4 EXTERIOR OBSERVATIONS .......................................................................... 5-1 INTERVIEWS ................................................................................................................. 6-1

6.1 PRESENT AND PAST OWNER INTERVIEWS ............................................... 6-1

6.2 PRESENT AND PAST SITE MANAGER INTERVIEW(S) ............................. 6-1

6.3 PRESENT AND PAST OCCUPANT INTERVIEW(S) ..................................... 6-1

6.4 LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL INTERVIEW(S) .................................... 6-1

6.5 INTERVIEWS WITH OTHERS ......................................................................... 6-1 FINDINGS ....................................................................................................................... 7-1

7.1 DE MINIMIS FINDINGS .................................................................................... 7-1

7.2 HISTORICAL RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS .............. 7-1

7.3 RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ....................................... 7-1

7.4 CONTROLLED RECOGNIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ........... 7-2

7.5 DATA GAPS ....................................................................................................... 7-2 OPINION ......................................................................................................................... 8-1 ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

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9. CONCLUSIONS... eens sree 9-1

10. DEVIATIONS ooo eer 10-1

11. ADDITIONAL SERVICES .........coiiiiiiiie ees 11-1

12. REFERENCES .......oii 12-1

13. SIGNATURE(S) OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS..........ccovvvnnee. 13-1

14. QUALIFICATIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS. ................... 14-1 APPENDIX A: FIGURES
APPENDIX B: USER PROVIDED
APPENDIX C: REGULATORY RECORDS DOCUMENTATION
APPENDIX D: ENVIRONMENTAL DATA RESOURCES, INC. DATABASE REPORT APPENDIX E: HISTORICAL RESEARCH DOCUMENTATION
APPENDIX F: PHOTOGRAPH LOG
APPENDIX G: LABORATORY ANALYTICAL REPORT
APPENDIX H: RESUMES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS
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9. CONCLUSIONS... eens sree 9-1

10. DEVIATIONS ooo eer 10-1

11. ADDITIONAL SERVICES .........coiiiiiiiie ees 11-1

12. REFERENCES .......oii 12-1

13. SIGNATURE(S) OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS..........ccovvvnnee. 13-1

14. QUALIFICATIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS. ................... 14-1 APPENDIX A: FIGURES
APPENDIX B: USER PROVIDED
APPENDIX C: REGULATORY RECORDS DOCUMENTATION
APPENDIX D: ENVIRONMENTAL DATA RESOURCES, INC. DATABASE REPORT APPENDIX E: HISTORICAL RESEARCH DOCUMENTATION
APPENDIX F: PHOTOGRAPH LOG
APPENDIX G: LABORATORY ANALYTICAL REPORT
APPENDIX H: RESUMES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS
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9. CONCLUSIONS... eens sree 9-1

10. DEVIATIONS ooo eer 10-1

11. ADDITIONAL SERVICES .........coiiiiiiiie ees 11-1

12. REFERENCES .......oii 12-1

13. SIGNATURE(S) OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS..........ccovvvnnee. 13-1

14. QUALIFICATIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS. ................... 14-1 APPENDIX A: FIGURES
APPENDIX B: USER PROVIDED
APPENDIX C: REGULATORY RECORDS DOCUMENTATION
APPENDIX D: ENVIRONMENTAL DATA RESOURCES, INC. DATABASE REPORT APPENDIX E: HISTORICAL RESEARCH DOCUMENTATION
APPENDIX F: PHOTOGRAPH LOG
APPENDIX G: LABORATORY ANALYTICAL REPORT
APPENDIX H: RESUMES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

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9. CONCLUSIONS... eens sree 9-1

10. DEVIATIONS ooo eer 10-1

11. ADDITIONAL SERVICES .........coiiiiiiiie ees 11-1

12. REFERENCES .......oii 12-1

13. SIGNATURE(S) OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS..........ccovvvnnee. 13-1

14. QUALIFICATIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS. ................... 14-1 APPENDIX A: FIGURES
APPENDIX B: USER PROVIDED
APPENDIX C: REGULATORY RECORDS DOCUMENTATION
APPENDIX D: ENVIRONMENTAL DATA RESOURCES, INC. DATABASE REPORT APPENDIX E: HISTORICAL RESEARCH DOCUMENTATION
APPENDIX F: PHOTOGRAPH LOG
APPENDIX G: LABORATORY ANALYTICAL REPORT
APPENDIX H: RESUMES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
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EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
CONCLUSIONS.............................................................................................................. 9-1 DEVIATIONS ............................................................................................................... 10-1 ADDITIONAL SERVICES ........................................................................................... 11-1 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 12-1 SIGNATURE(S) OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS ......................... 13-1 QUALIFICATIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS ................... 14-1 APPENDIX A: FIGURES
APPENDIX B: USER PROVIDED
APPENDIX C: REGULATORY RECORDS DOCUMENTATION
APPENDIX D: ENVIRONMENTAL DATA RESOURCES, INC. DATABASE REPORT APPENDIX E: HISTORICAL RESEARCH DOCUMENTATION
APPENDIX F: PHOTOGRAPH LOG
APPENDIX G: LABORATORY ANALYTICAL REPORT
APPENDIX H: RESUMES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

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EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Number
2-1
2-2
Number
4-1
4-2

LIST OF FIGURES
Title
Site Location Map
Site Plan

LIST OF TABLES
Title
Historical Topographic Map Review Summary
Aerial Photograph Review Summary
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court
Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page iv

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Number
2-1
2-2
Number
4-1
4-2

LIST OF FIGURES
Title
Site Location Map
Site Plan

LIST OF TABLES
Title
Historical Topographic Map Review Summary
Aerial Photograph Review Summary
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court
Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page iv

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Number
2-1
2-2
Number
4-1
4-2

LIST OF FIGURES
Title
Site Location Map
Site Plan

LIST OF TABLES
Title
Historical Topographic Map Review Summary
Aerial Photograph Review Summary
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court
Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page iv

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Number
2-1
2-2
Number
4-1
4-2

LIST OF FIGURES
Title
Site Location Map
Site Plan

LIST OF TABLES
Title
Historical Topographic Map Review Summary
Aerial Photograph Review Summary
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court
Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page iv
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

LIST OF FIGURES
Number Title
2-1 Site Location Map
2-2 Site Plan

LIST OF TABLES
Number Title
4-1 Historical Topographic Map Review Summary
4-2 Aerial Photograph Review Summary
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

EA Project No.: 6361203
Page v

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 APN
ASTM
bgs
CalEPA

CERCLIS
CERS

CPS-SLIC
CoC

CORRACTS
DTSC
EA
ECHO
EDR
ESA
FINDS
ft
GE
HAZNET
HWTS
IRCTS

LC-SCDSP
LEP
LSP
LUST
NPL
P.G.

RCRA

RCRA-SQG

RCRA-TSDF
REC

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Assessor Parcel Number
ASTM International
Below ground surface
California Environmental Protection Agency
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information System
California Environmental Reporting System
Cleanup Program Sites — Spills, Leaks, Investigations, and Cleanups Contaminant of concern
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Sites Department of Toxic Substances Control
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
Enforcement & Compliance History Information
Environmental Data Resources, Inc.

Environmental Site Assessment
Facility Index System/Facility Registry
Feet (foot)
General Electric
Facility and Manifest Data
Hazardous Waste Tracking System
Inactive Rancho Cordova Test Site
Limited Commercial — Sunridge Specific Plan
Licensed Environmental Professional
Licensed Site Professional
Leaking underground storage tank
National Priorities List
Professional Engineer
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act — Small Quantity Generator Resource Conservation and Recovery Act — Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facilities

Recognized environmental condition
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page v

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 APN
ASTM
bgs
CalEPA

CERCLIS
CERS

CPS-SLIC
CoC

CORRACTS
DTSC
EA
ECHO
EDR
ESA
FINDS
ft
GE
HAZNET
HWTS
IRCTS

LC-SCDSP
LEP
LSP
LUST
NPL
P.G.

RCRA

RCRA-SQG

RCRA-TSDF
REC

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Assessor Parcel Number
ASTM International
Below ground surface
California Environmental Protection Agency
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information System
California Environmental Reporting System
Cleanup Program Sites — Spills, Leaks, Investigations, and Cleanups Contaminant of concern
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Sites Department of Toxic Substances Control
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
Enforcement & Compliance History Information
Environmental Data Resources, Inc.

Environmental Site Assessment
Facility Index System/Facility Registry
Feet (foot)
General Electric
Facility and Manifest Data
Hazardous Waste Tracking System
Inactive Rancho Cordova Test Site
Limited Commercial — Sunridge Specific Plan
Licensed Environmental Professional
Licensed Site Professional
Leaking underground storage tank
National Priorities List
Professional Engineer
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act — Small Quantity Generator Resource Conservation and Recovery Act — Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facilities

Recognized environmental condition
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page v

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 APN
ASTM
bgs
CalEPA

CERCLIS
CERS

CPS-SLIC
CoC

CORRACTS
DTSC
EA
ECHO
EDR
ESA
FINDS
ft
GE
HAZNET
HWTS
IRCTS

LC-SCDSP
LEP
LSP
LUST
NPL
P.G.

RCRA

RCRA-SQG

RCRA-TSDF
REC

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Assessor Parcel Number
ASTM International
Below ground surface
California Environmental Protection Agency
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information System
California Environmental Reporting System
Cleanup Program Sites — Spills, Leaks, Investigations, and Cleanups Contaminant of concern
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Sites Department of Toxic Substances Control
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
Enforcement & Compliance History Information
Environmental Data Resources, Inc.

Environmental Site Assessment
Facility Index System/Facility Registry
Feet (foot)
General Electric
Facility and Manifest Data
Hazardous Waste Tracking System
Inactive Rancho Cordova Test Site
Limited Commercial — Sunridge Specific Plan
Licensed Environmental Professional
Licensed Site Professional
Leaking underground storage tank
National Priorities List
Professional Engineer
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act — Small Quantity Generator Resource Conservation and Recovery Act — Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facilities

Recognized environmental condition
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page v

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 APN
ASTM
bgs
CalEPA

CERCLIS
CERS

CPS-SLIC
CoC

CORRACTS
DTSC
EA
ECHO
EDR
ESA
FINDS
ft
GE
HAZNET
HWTS
IRCTS

LC-SCDSP
LEP
LSP
LUST
NPL
P.G.

RCRA

RCRA-SQG

RCRA-TSDF
REC

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Assessor Parcel Number
ASTM International
Below ground surface
California Environmental Protection Agency
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information System
California Environmental Reporting System
Cleanup Program Sites — Spills, Leaks, Investigations, and Cleanups Contaminant of concern
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Sites Department of Toxic Substances Control
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
Enforcement & Compliance History Information
Environmental Data Resources, Inc.

Environmental Site Assessment
Facility Index System/Facility Registry
Feet (foot)
General Electric
Facility and Manifest Data
Hazardous Waste Tracking System
Inactive Rancho Cordova Test Site
Limited Commercial — Sunridge Specific Plan
Licensed Environmental Professional
Licensed Site Professional
Leaking underground storage tank
National Priorities List
Professional Engineer
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act — Small Quantity Generator Resource Conservation and Recovery Act — Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facilities

Recognized environmental condition
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page v
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
APN Assessor Parcel Number
ASTM ASTM International
bgs Below ground surface
CalEPA California Environmental Protection Agency
CERCLIS Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information System
CERS California Environmental Reporting System
CPS–SLIC Cleanup Program Sites – Spills, Leaks, Investigations, and Cleanups COC Contaminant of concern
CORRACTS Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Sites DTSC Department of Toxic Substances Control
EA EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC
ECHO Enforcement & Compliance History Information
EDR Environmental Data Resources, Inc.

ESA Environmental Site Assessment
FINDS Facility Index System/Facility Registry
ft Feet (foot)
GE General Electric
HAZNET Facility and Manifest Data
HWTS Hazardous Waste Tracking System
IRCTS Inactive Rancho Cordova Test Site
LC-SCDSP Limited Commercial – Sunridge Specific Plan
LEP Licensed Environmental Professional
LSP Licensed Site Professional
LUST Leaking underground storage tank
NPL National Priorities List
P.G. Professional Engineer
RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
RCRA-SQG Resource Conservation and Recovery Act – Small Quantity Generator RCRA-TSDF Resource Conservation and Recovery Act – Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facilities
REC Recognized environmental condition
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

EA Project No.: 6361203

Page vi
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Sacramento Co. ML Master Hazardous Materials Facility List of Sacramento County SEMS — ARCHIVE Superfund Enterprise Management System Archive SMUD Sacramento Municipal Utility District
Subject site Approximately 21 acres, positioned in the northern portion of the Shasta County Tax Assessor Parcel Number 018-530-038-000
TCE Trichloroethene
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
Vesper Energy Vesper Energy Development, LLC
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

EA Project No.: 6361203

Page vi
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Sacramento Co. ML Master Hazardous Materials Facility List of Sacramento County SEMS — ARCHIVE Superfund Enterprise Management System Archive SMUD Sacramento Municipal Utility District
Subject site Approximately 21 acres, positioned in the northern portion of the Shasta County Tax Assessor Parcel Number 018-530-038-000
TCE Trichloroethene
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
Vesper Energy Vesper Energy Development, LLC
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

EA Project No.: 6361203

Page vi
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Sacramento Co. ML Master Hazardous Materials Facility List of Sacramento County SEMS — ARCHIVE Superfund Enterprise Management System Archive SMUD Sacramento Municipal Utility District
Subject site Approximately 21 acres, positioned in the northern portion of the Shasta County Tax Assessor Parcel Number 018-530-038-000
TCE Trichloroethene
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
Vesper Energy Vesper Energy Development, LLC
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

EA Project No.: 6361203

Page vi
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Sacramento Co. ML Master Hazardous Materials Facility List of Sacramento County SEMS — ARCHIVE Superfund Enterprise Management System Archive SMUD Sacramento Municipal Utility District
Subject site Approximately 21 acres, positioned in the northern portion of the Shasta County Tax Assessor Parcel Number 018-530-038-000
TCE Trichloroethene
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
Vesper Energy Vesper Energy Development, LLC
Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page vi
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
Sacramento Co. ML Master Hazardous Materials Facility List of Sacramento County SEMS – ARCHIVE Superfund Enterprise Management System Archive SMUD Sacramento Municipal Utility District
Subject site Approximately 21 acres, positioned in the northern portion of the Shasta County Tax Assessor Parcel Number 018-530-038-000
TCE Trichloroethene
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
Vesper Energy Vesper Energy Development, LLC
ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

EA Project No.: 6361203
Page ES-1

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC (EA) has performed a Phase | Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) of the subject site consisting of Assessor Parcel Number 0670-780-0110-000, approximately 5.67 acres in area within Sacramento County, California (the “subject site”). The subject site is located in Rancho Cordova, a city within the Sacramento Metropolitan Area. EA has prepared this Phase | ESA for Vesper Energy Development LLC, in accordance with EA Proposal Number 0731545, dated 12 April 2021. This assessment was performed in conformance with the scope of work developed by EA pursuant to the ASTM International E-1527-13, Standard Practice for ESAS; Phase | ESA Process.

EA has reviewed the standard federal and state environmental databases and determined that no listings are anticipated to have impacted the environmental integrity of the subject site. EA’s review of historical resources and landowner interviews indicate that the subject site was primarily agricultural and undeveloped land since the 1890s. EA also performed a site reconnaissance on 15 June 2021 (EA 2021).

The results of the site reconnaissance, owner and operator interviews, local government inquiries, prior environmental reports, and review of federal and state environmental databases provided by Environmental Data Resources, Inc. has identified one Controlled Recognized Environmental Condition (CREC) and two historical RECs associated with the subject site. e The Inactive Rancho Cordova Test Site (IRCTS) Administration Area at Douglas Road, located upgradient and approximately 1,909 ft north of the subject site, is listed in the Cleanup Program Sites — Spills, Leaks, Investigations, and Cleanups and California Environmental Reporting System databases. The 4,000-acre property is an inactive rocket testing facility currently owned and operated by Aerojet-General Corporation. Groundwater remediation is ongoing since 2004. The property is planned for the Rio Del Oro development consisting of housing, commercial, and office facilities. The site currently has a cleanup status of Open — Remediation since 23 April 2012. The surface soils have been remediated to cleanup levels specified by Department of Toxic Substances Control. Soil vapor extraction is complete, and the system has been shut down. A groundwater extraction system has been implemented and is controlling the downgradient migrations of the plume. The groundwater remediation is currently covered IRCTS Southern Groundwater. The Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report dated 4 May 2021, by Montgomery & Associates, indicated that the groundwater from the property generally flows to the west and southwest based on 20 years of data. The report indicated that the extraction wells continue to operate and are effective and controlling the migration of trichloroethene and perchlorate impacted groundwater (Montgomery & Associates 2021). The subject site is located south of the IRCTS property. Due to the proximity and upgradient location of this property from the subject site, this listing would be considered a REC. However, as the impacts have been investigated, remediated and the residual impacts are currently being controlled under regulatory oversite, this site

is classified as a controlled REC.

Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page ES-1

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC (EA) has performed a Phase | Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) of the subject site consisting of Assessor Parcel Number 0670-780-0110-000, approximately 5.67 acres in area within Sacramento County, California (the “subject site”). The subject site is located in Rancho Cordova, a city within the Sacramento Metropolitan Area. EA has prepared this Phase | ESA for Vesper Energy Development LLC, in accordance with EA Proposal Number 0731545, dated 12 April 2021. This assessment was performed in conformance with the scope of work developed by EA pursuant to the ASTM International E-1527-13, Standard Practice for ESAS; Phase | ESA Process.

EA has reviewed the standard federal and state environmental databases and determined that no listings are anticipated to have impacted the environmental integrity of the subject site. EA’s review of historical resources and landowner interviews indicate that the subject site was primarily agricultural and undeveloped land since the 1890s. EA also performed a site reconnaissance on 15 June 2021 (EA 2021).

The results of the site reconnaissance, owner and operator interviews, local government inquiries, prior environmental reports, and review of federal and state environmental databases provided by Environmental Data Resources, Inc. has identified one Controlled Recognized Environmental Condition (CREC) and two historical RECs associated with the subject site. e The Inactive Rancho Cordova Test Site (IRCTS) Administration Area at Douglas Road, located upgradient and approximately 1,909 ft north of the subject site, is listed in the Cleanup Program Sites — Spills, Leaks, Investigations, and Cleanups and California Environmental Reporting System databases. The 4,000-acre property is an inactive rocket testing facility currently owned and operated by Aerojet-General Corporation. Groundwater remediation is ongoing since 2004. The property is planned for the Rio Del Oro development consisting of housing, commercial, and office facilities. The site currently has a cleanup status of Open — Remediation since 23 April 2012. The surface soils have been remediated to cleanup levels specified by Department of Toxic Substances Control. Soil vapor extraction is complete, and the system has been shut down. A groundwater extraction system has been implemented and is controlling the downgradient migrations of the plume. The groundwater remediation is currently covered IRCTS Southern Groundwater. The Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report dated 4 May 2021, by Montgomery & Associates, indicated that the groundwater from the property generally flows to the west and southwest based on 20 years of data. The report indicated that the extraction wells continue to operate and are effective and controlling the migration of trichloroethene and perchlorate impacted groundwater (Montgomery & Associates 2021). The subject site is located south of the IRCTS property. Due to the proximity and upgradient location of this property from the subject site, this listing would be considered a REC. However, as the impacts have been investigated, remediated and the residual impacts are currently being controlled under regulatory oversite, this site

is classified as a controlled REC.

Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page ES-1

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC (EA) has performed a Phase | Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) of the subject site consisting of Assessor Parcel Number 0670-780-0110-000, approximately 5.67 acres in area within Sacramento County, California (the “subject site”). The subject site is located in Rancho Cordova, a city within the Sacramento Metropolitan Area. EA has prepared this Phase | ESA for Vesper Energy Development LLC, in accordance with EA Proposal Number 0731545, dated 12 April 2021. This assessment was performed in conformance with the scope of work developed by EA pursuant to the ASTM International E-1527-13, Standard Practice for ESAS; Phase | ESA Process.

EA has reviewed the standard federal and state environmental databases and determined that no listings are anticipated to have impacted the environmental integrity of the subject site. EA’s review of historical resources and landowner interviews indicate that the subject site was primarily agricultural and undeveloped land since the 1890s. EA also performed a site reconnaissance on 15 June 2021 (EA 2021).

The results of the site reconnaissance, owner and operator interviews, local government inquiries, prior environmental reports, and review of federal and state environmental databases provided by Environmental Data Resources, Inc. has identified one Controlled Recognized Environmental Condition (CREC) and two historical RECs associated with the subject site. e The Inactive Rancho Cordova Test Site (IRCTS) Administration Area at Douglas Road, located upgradient and approximately 1,909 ft north of the subject site, is listed in the Cleanup Program Sites — Spills, Leaks, Investigations, and Cleanups and California Environmental Reporting System databases. The 4,000-acre property is an inactive rocket testing facility currently owned and operated by Aerojet-General Corporation. Groundwater remediation is ongoing since 2004. The property is planned for the Rio Del Oro development consisting of housing, commercial, and office facilities. The site currently has a cleanup status of Open — Remediation since 23 April 2012. The surface soils have been remediated to cleanup levels specified by Department of Toxic Substances Control. Soil vapor extraction is complete, and the system has been shut down. A groundwater extraction system has been implemented and is controlling the downgradient migrations of the plume. The groundwater remediation is currently covered IRCTS Southern Groundwater. The Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report dated 4 May 2021, by Montgomery & Associates, indicated that the groundwater from the property generally flows to the west and southwest based on 20 years of data. The report indicated that the extraction wells continue to operate and are effective and controlling the migration of trichloroethene and perchlorate impacted groundwater (Montgomery & Associates 2021). The subject site is located south of the IRCTS property. Due to the proximity and upgradient location of this property from the subject site, this listing would be considered a REC. However, as the impacts have been investigated, remediated and the residual impacts are currently being controlled under regulatory oversite, this site

is classified as a controlled REC.

Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page ES-1

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC (EA) has performed a Phase | Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) of the subject site consisting of Assessor Parcel Number 0670-780-0110-000, approximately 5.67 acres in area within Sacramento County, California (the “subject site”). The subject site is located in Rancho Cordova, a city within the Sacramento Metropolitan Area. EA has prepared this Phase | ESA for Vesper Energy Development LLC, in accordance with EA Proposal Number 0731545, dated 12 April 2021. This assessment was performed in conformance with the scope of work developed by EA pursuant to the ASTM International E-1527-13, Standard Practice for ESAS; Phase | ESA Process.

EA has reviewed the standard federal and state environmental databases and determined that no listings are anticipated to have impacted the environmental integrity of the subject site. EA’s review of historical resources and landowner interviews indicate that the subject site was primarily agricultural and undeveloped land since the 1890s. EA also performed a site reconnaissance on 15 June 2021 (EA 2021).

The results of the site reconnaissance, owner and operator interviews, local government inquiries, prior environmental reports, and review of federal and state environmental databases provided by Environmental Data Resources, Inc. has identified one Controlled Recognized Environmental Condition (CREC) and two historical RECs associated with the subject site. e The Inactive Rancho Cordova Test Site (IRCTS) Administration Area at Douglas Road, located upgradient and approximately 1,909 ft north of the subject site, is listed in the Cleanup Program Sites — Spills, Leaks, Investigations, and Cleanups and California Environmental Reporting System databases. The 4,000-acre property is an inactive rocket testing facility currently owned and operated by Aerojet-General Corporation. Groundwater remediation is ongoing since 2004. The property is planned for the Rio Del Oro development consisting of housing, commercial, and office facilities. The site currently has a cleanup status of Open — Remediation since 23 April 2012. The surface soils have been remediated to cleanup levels specified by Department of Toxic Substances Control. Soil vapor extraction is complete, and the system has been shut down. A groundwater extraction system has been implemented and is controlling the downgradient migrations of the plume. The groundwater remediation is currently covered IRCTS Southern Groundwater. The Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report dated 4 May 2021, by Montgomery & Associates, indicated that the groundwater from the property generally flows to the west and southwest based on 20 years of data. The report indicated that the extraction wells continue to operate and are effective and controlling the migration of trichloroethene and perchlorate impacted groundwater (Montgomery & Associates 2021). The subject site is located south of the IRCTS property. Due to the proximity and upgradient location of this property from the subject site, this listing would be considered a REC. However, as the impacts have been investigated, remediated and the residual impacts are currently being controlled under regulatory oversite, this site

is classified as a controlled REC.

Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page ES-1
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC (EA) has performed a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) of the subject site consisting of Assessor Parcel Number 0670-780-0110-000, approximately 5.67 acres in area within Sacramento County, California (the “subject site”). The subject site is located in Rancho Cordova, a city within the Sacramento Metropolitan Area. EA has prepared this Phase I ESA for Vesper Energy Development LLC, in accordance with EA Proposal Number 0731545, dated 12 April 2021. This assessment was performed in conformance with the scope of work developed by EA pursuant to the ASTM International E-1527-13, Standard Practice for ESAs; Phase I ESA Process.

EA has reviewed the standard federal and state environmental databases and determined that no listings are anticipated to have impacted the environmental integrity of the subject site. EA’s review of historical resources and landowner interviews indicate that the subject site was primarily agricultural and undeveloped land since the 1890s. EA also performed a site reconnaissance on 15 June 2021 (EA 2021).

The results of the site reconnaissance, owner and operator interviews, local government inquiries, prior environmental reports, and review of federal and state environmental databases provided by Environmental Data Resources, Inc. has identified one Controlled Recognized Environmental Condition (CREC) and two historical RECs associated with the subject site. • The Inactive Rancho Cordova Test Site (IRCTS) Administration Area at Douglas Road, located upgradient and approximately 1,909 ft north of the subject site, is listed in the Cleanup Program Sites – Spills, Leaks, Investigations, and Cleanups and California Environmental Reporting System databases. The 4,000-acre property is an inactive rocket testing facility currently owned and operated by Aerojet-General Corporation. Groundwater remediation is ongoing since 2004. The property is planned for the Rio Del Oro development consisting of housing, commercial, and office facilities. The site currently has a cleanup status of Open – Remediation since 23 April 2012. The surface soils have been remediated to cleanup levels specified by Department of Toxic Substances Control. Soil vapor extraction is complete, and the system has been shut down. A groundwater extraction system has been implemented and is controlling the downgradient migrations of the plume. The groundwater remediation is currently covered IRCTS Southern Groundwater. The Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report dated 4 May 2021, by Montgomery & Associates, indicated that the groundwater from the property generally flows to the west and southwest based on 20 years of data. The report indicated that the extraction wells continue to operate and are effective and controlling the migration of trichloroethene and perchlorate impacted groundwater (Montgomery & Associates 2021). The subject site is located south of the IRCTS property. Due to the proximity and upgradient location of this property from the subject site, this listing would be considered a REC. However, as the impacts have been investigated, remediated and the residual impacts are currently being controlled under regulatory oversite, this site is classified as a controlled REC.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

EA Project No.: 6361203
Page ES-2

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 e The former General Electric (GE) Company facility occupied two buildings within an industrial park named Security Park (formerly known as the Administration area and part of the 4,000-acre site called IRCTS listed above) to the north of the subject site.

A Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Facility Assessment (RFA) was completed in July 1998 identifying constituents of concern including VOCs such as acetone, trichloroethylene, methanol and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. An additional investigation was recommended. The National Priority List Unit of Department of Toxic Substances Control’s Brownfields and Environmental Restoration Program provided analysis of the RFA report indicating that no additional investigation was required. This was based on an analysis of soil in the unsaturated zone. Correction action was terminated at the former GE Medical Systems facility. In addition, no volatile organic compounds were detected in sections of the Administrative Area used for storage and disposal by the former GE Medical Systems operations.

Therefore, a No Further Action letter was issued to the facility on 30 July 2009. This listing is considered a historical REC.
e Azteca Construction Inc. at 3871 Security Park Drive located upgradient and approximately 0.49 miles of the subject site was listed in the Leaking Underground Storage Tank database. The site was listed for soil contamination with diesel. The case was closed on 24 February 1997. Due to the distance and date of this listing, it is not considered to impact the environmental integrity of the subject site, however, this finding is considered a historical REC.

Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page ES-2

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 e The former General Electric (GE) Company facility occupied two buildings within an industrial park named Security Park (formerly known as the Administration area and part of the 4,000-acre site called IRCTS listed above) to the north of the subject site.

A Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Facility Assessment (RFA) was completed in July 1998 identifying constituents of concern including VOCs such as acetone, trichloroethylene, methanol and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. An additional investigation was recommended. The National Priority List Unit of Department of Toxic Substances Control’s Brownfields and Environmental Restoration Program provided analysis of the RFA report indicating that no additional investigation was required. This was based on an analysis of soil in the unsaturated zone. Correction action was terminated at the former GE Medical Systems facility. In addition, no volatile organic compounds were detected in sections of the Administrative Area used for storage and disposal by the former GE Medical Systems operations.

Therefore, a No Further Action letter was issued to the facility on 30 July 2009. This listing is considered a historical REC.
e Azteca Construction Inc. at 3871 Security Park Drive located upgradient and approximately 0.49 miles of the subject site was listed in the Leaking Underground Storage Tank database. The site was listed for soil contamination with diesel. The case was closed on 24 February 1997. Due to the distance and date of this listing, it is not considered to impact the environmental integrity of the subject site, however, this finding is considered a historical REC.

Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page ES-2

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 e The former General Electric (GE) Company facility occupied two buildings within an industrial park named Security Park (formerly known as the Administration area and part of the 4,000-acre site called IRCTS listed above) to the north of the subject site.

A Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Facility Assessment (RFA) was completed in July 1998 identifying constituents of concern including VOCs such as acetone, trichloroethylene, methanol and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. An additional investigation was recommended. The National Priority List Unit of Department of Toxic Substances Control’s Brownfields and Environmental Restoration Program provided analysis of the RFA report indicating that no additional investigation was required. This was based on an analysis of soil in the unsaturated zone. Correction action was terminated at the former GE Medical Systems facility. In addition, no volatile organic compounds were detected in sections of the Administrative Area used for storage and disposal by the former GE Medical Systems operations.

Therefore, a No Further Action letter was issued to the facility on 30 July 2009. This listing is considered a historical REC.
e Azteca Construction Inc. at 3871 Security Park Drive located upgradient and approximately 0.49 miles of the subject site was listed in the Leaking Underground Storage Tank database. The site was listed for soil contamination with diesel. The case was closed on 24 February 1997. Due to the distance and date of this listing, it is not considered to impact the environmental integrity of the subject site, however, this finding is considered a historical REC.

Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
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EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 e The former General Electric (GE) Company facility occupied two buildings within an industrial park named Security Park (formerly known as the Administration area and part of the 4,000-acre site called IRCTS listed above) to the north of the subject site.

A Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Facility Assessment (RFA) was completed in July 1998 identifying constituents of concern including VOCs such as acetone, trichloroethylene, methanol and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. An additional investigation was recommended. The National Priority List Unit of Department of Toxic Substances Control’s Brownfields and Environmental Restoration Program provided analysis of the RFA report indicating that no additional investigation was required. This was based on an analysis of soil in the unsaturated zone. Correction action was terminated at the former GE Medical Systems facility. In addition, no volatile organic compounds were detected in sections of the Administrative Area used for storage and disposal by the former GE Medical Systems operations.

Therefore, a No Further Action letter was issued to the facility on 30 July 2009. This listing is considered a historical REC.
e Azteca Construction Inc. at 3871 Security Park Drive located upgradient and approximately 0.49 miles of the subject site was listed in the Leaking Underground Storage Tank database. The site was listed for soil contamination with diesel. The case was closed on 24 February 1997. Due to the distance and date of this listing, it is not considered to impact the environmental integrity of the subject site, however, this finding is considered a historical REC.

Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203
Page ES-2
EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021 Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
• The former General Electric (GE) Company facility occupied two buildings within an industrial park named Security Park (formerly known as the Administration area and part of the 4,000-acre site called IRCTS listed above) to the north of the subject site.

A Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Facility Assessment (RFA) was completed in July 1998 identifying constituents of concern including VOCs such as acetone, trichloroethylene, methanol and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. An additional investigation was recommended. The National Priority List Unit of Department of Toxic Substances Control’s Brownfields and Environmental Restoration Program provided analysis of the RFA report indicating that no additional investigation was required. This was based on an analysis of soil in the unsaturated zone. Correction action was terminated at the former GE Medical Systems facility. In addition, no volatile organic compounds were detected in sections of the Administrative Area used for storage and disposal by the former GE Medical Systems operations.

Therefore, a No Further Action letter was issued to the facility on 30 July 2009. This listing is considered a historical REC.
• Azteca Construction Inc. at 3871 Security Park Drive located upgradient and approximately 0.49 miles of the subject site was listed in the Leaking Underground Storage Tank database. The site was listed for soil contamination with diesel. The case was closed on 24 February 1997. Due to the distance and date of this listing, it is not considered to impact the environmental integrity of the subject site, however, this finding is considered a historical REC.

ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

EA Project No.: 6361203

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ITEM 17.1. ATTACHMENT 1

EA Project No.: 6361203

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021

1. INTRODUCTION
11 PURPOSE
The purpose of the Phase | Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) is to identify, to the extent feasible pursuant to the process prescribed in ASTM International (ASTM) E-1527-13 (ASTM 2013), recognized environmental conditions (RECs) in connection with the property. A REC is defined as the presence or likely presence of any hazardous substances or petroleum products in, on, or at a property: (1) due to any release to the environment, (2) under conditions indicative of a release to the environment, or (3) under conditions that pose a material threat of a future release to the environment. The ASTM E-1527-13 practice constitutes All Appropriate Inquiries for the purpose of Landowner Liability Protections, under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. This report reflects the observations, information, and data collected by EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC (EA) during the period from 11 June to 2 July 2021. Supporting documentation is provided in the appendixes as follows:

Appendix A—Figures
Appendix B—User Provided
Appendix C—Regulatory Records Documentation
Appendix D—Environmental Data Resources, Inc. (EDR) Database Report e Appendix E—Historical Research Documentation
e Appendix F—Photograph Log
e Appendix G—Resumes of Environmental Professionals.

1.2 DETAILED SCOPE OF SERVICES
This Phase | ESA was performed in accordance with ASTM E-1527-13 (Standard Practice for ESAs: Phase | ESA Process) and consists of a review of current and historical activities and conditions at the subject site and surrounding properties, including a non-intrusive visual inspection of the property; review of local, state, and federal regulatory database records; review of available historic records; and a survey of adjacent land uses. The site reconnaissance does not address non-ASTM considerations such as asbestos, lead-based paint, drinking water quality, or radon, nor does it include sampling of surface water, sampling of groundwater, or an intensive examination of facility hazards (compliance audit).

1.3 SIGNIFICANT ASSUMPTIONS
In expressing the opinions stated in this report, EA exercised the degree of skill and care ordinarily exercised by a reasonable, prudent Environmental Professional in the same community and the same timeframe given the same or similar facts and circumstances. EA assumes that the client, as set forth in the contractual agreement, is also the user as defined by ASTM E-1527-13.

Documentation and data provided by the user, designated representatives thereof, or other interested third parties, or from the public domain, and referred to in the preparation of this assessment, were used and referenced. Consequently, EA assumes no responsibility or liability

for the accuracy of such documentation or data.

Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC July 2021

1. INTRODUCTION
11 PURPOSE
The purpose of the Phase | Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) is to identify, to the extent feasible pursuant to the process prescribed in ASTM International (ASTM) E-1527-13 (ASTM 2013), recognized environmental conditions (RECs) in connection with the property. A REC is defined as the presence or likely presence of any hazardous substances or petroleum products in, on, or at a property: (1) due to any release to the environment, (2) under conditions indicative of a release to the environment, or (3) under conditions that pose a material threat of a future release to the environment. The ASTM E-1527-13 practice constitutes All Appropriate Inquiries for the purpose of Landowner Liability Protections, under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. This report reflects the observations, information, and data collected by EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC (EA) during the period from 11 June to 2 July 2021. Supporting documentation is provided in the appendixes as follows:

Appendix A—Figures
Appendix B—User Provided
Appendix C—Regulatory Records Documentation
Appendix D—Environmental Data Resources, Inc. (EDR) Database Report e Appendix E—Historical Research Documentation
e Appendix F—Photograph Log
e Appendix G—Resumes of Environmental Professionals.

1.2 DETAILED SCOPE OF SERVICES
This Phase | ESA was performed in accordance with ASTM E-1527-13 (Standard Practice for ESAs: Phase | ESA Process) and consists of a review of current and historical activities and conditions at the subject site and surrounding properties, including a non-intrusive visual inspection of the property; review of local, state, and federal regulatory database records; review of available historic records; and a survey of adjacent land uses. The site reconnaissance does not address non-ASTM considerations such as asbestos, lead-based paint, drinking water quality, or radon, nor does it include sampling of surface water, sampling of groundwater, or an intensive examination of facility hazards (compliance audit).

1.3 SIGNIFICANT ASSUMPTIONS
In expressing the opinions stated in this report, EA exercised the degree of skill and care ordinarily exercised by a reasonable, prudent Environmental Professional in the same community and the same timeframe given the same or similar facts and circumstances. EA assumes that the client, as set forth in the contractual agreement, is also the user as defined by ASTM E-1527-13.

Documentation and data provided by the user, designated representatives thereof, or other interested third parties, or from the public domain, and referred to in the preparation of this assessment, were used and referenced. Consequently, EA assumes no responsibility or liability

for the accuracy of such documentation or data.

Sunridge Storage, Poopenaut Court Phase | Environmental Site Assessment Report Rancho Cordova, Sacramento County, California
EA Project No.: 6361203