5/30/2024
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City of Riverside
Zero-Emission Fleet
Transition Plan
Update
Mobility & Infrastructure Committee
June 13, 2024
About Black & Veatch
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2 5/30/2024
2 Sustainable Infrastructure Leader
12,000+ professionals
$4.7 billion in 2023 revenue
Work in 100+ countries on
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Black & Veatch
Overview
4 Infrastructure has the potential to transform — to unlock new solutions, create clean versions of essential systems, and close gaps so everyone thrives.
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are met successfully.
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Preparing utilities for long-term,
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Water
Complete and customizable
technical, management
and delivery expertise
to solve any water
infrastructure-related need.
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Optimizing infrastructure for
heavy asset owners. Combining
industry knowledge, lifecycle
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to streamline management.
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Deploying cost-efficient
distributed systems across
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infrastructure and integrated
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Services
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Industrial Facilities
Guiding high-tech, commercial
and industrial clients through
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Process
Sustainable process
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Integrated solutions that
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pressing issues around
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Black & Veatch
Offerings
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5/30/2024
3 A Global Leader in Sustainable Infrastructure
Clean Power & Storage
Black & Veatch
strategically plans and
deploys sustainable
infrastructure to
decarbonize
transportation and cost-
effectively achieve
resilience, sustainability,
and growth.
4 European countries
Public, Fleet & Transit Charging
30,820
L2 and L3 dispensers deployed globally
2,580
Global sites
2.2 GW connected EV charging
capacity globally
340
MW of connected fleet
charging capacity
49 U.S. States
28 MW of connected transit
charging capacity
1.82 GW of connected global public charging capacity
32 MW of connected solar &
storage for EV peak
shaving deployed at
2,373 sites
90 Stand-alone BESS
Sites totaling 48 MW
4 Canadian Provinces
Black & Veatch
Zero Emission Vehicle and Distributed Infrastructure Experience Executive Summary
Fleet & Transition Pathway Assessment
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1. Assess Fleet &
Transition Pathway
3. Review Existing
Conditions and Trends
2. Conduct Needs
Assessment and Gap
Analysis
4. Develop Projected
Costs & Identify Other
Barriers
5. Identify and Analyze
Financing Mechanisms
and Strategies
6. Develop Phased
Master Plan
Project Delivery
Determine future state
ZEV alternatives for the
City Fleet
Confirm vehicle
replacement schedule
and CARB Compliance
Pathway
Calculate vehicle costs
for future state ZEV fleet
Define energy usage and
demand by vehicle
category
Develop estimated ZEV
infrastructure costs
Determine capacity of
City facilities to support
ZEV fleet
Assess reliability and
resiliency opportunities
Calculate GHG emission
reductions
Develop total cost of
ownership for ZEV fleet
Identify barriers and
mitigation strategies to
ZEV transition
Identify potential
financing alternatives
Determine optimal
financing strategies
Fleet Transition Master
Plan
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3 4
Deliverable:
Fleet & Transition
Pathway Assessment
Deliverable:
Needs Assessment &
Gap Analysis
Deliverable:
Review of Existing
Conditions and Trends
Deliverable:
Projected Costs and Barriers
Assessment
5 6
Deliverable:
Financing Mechanisms
and Strategy Analysis
Deliverable:
Fleet Transition
Master Plan
Focus for Today
Executive Summary
Fleet Transition Plan – Project Overview
8 Executive Summary
City of Riverside is required to comply with the new CARB Advanced Cleet Fleet regulations Option 1 | Purchase Requirement (Default) Option 2 | ZEV Milestone Schedule • 2024-2026: 50% of ACF regulated vehicle
purchases must be ZEV
• 2027: All ACF regulated vehicle purchases
must be ZEV
• ICT transit bus transition plan
• Passenger vehicle transition plan (i.e., 0% in
2024 and 2025, 50% in 2026 through 2034,
100% 2035 and beyond)
• Milestone schedule drives ZEV purchases
• ICT transit bus transition plan
• Passenger vehicle transition plan (i.e., 0% in
2024 and 2025, 50% in 2026 through 2034,
100% 2035 and beyond)
100%75%50%25%10%Share of vehicles that must be ZEVs
20352033203120282025Group 1: Box trucks, vans, buses with two axles, yard tractors, light-duty package
delivery vehicles
20392036203320302027Group 2: Work trucks, day cab tractors, pickup trucks, buses with three axles
20422039203620332030Group 3: Sleeper cab tractors and
specialty vehicles
Offered as a 1-time option before 2030
Notes:
1. Vehicles purchased under an approved ZEV Purchase Exemption may operate past the 100% Milestones until the vehicle's useful life period ends (at least 13 years from the model year of the engine, and up to 18 years or 800,000 miles). 7 8
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5 Fleet Assessment Fleet Utilization
Analysis
Fleet Suitability
Analysis
Compliance
Pathways
Vehicle Cost Analysis
Key Insights
• 701 total fleet vehicles
• 373 are ACF regulated
• 34 are ICT regulated
• 294 vehicles are exempt
from ZEV transition
requirements
• ZEV alternatives are
available for 15 of the 21
vehicle types in the City
fleet
• Selected ZEV alternatives
are all Battery Electric
Analyze current fleet to
identify potential ZEV
alternatives based on vehicle
types and operational
characteristics.
Assess vehicle utilization to
identify underutilized
vehicles and provide
recommendations.
• 17 vehicles had 0 annual
mileage data reported in
2023
• 31 vehicles were under
10% of the average vehicle
type utilization in 2023
• Vehicles <1,000 annual
miles may apply for ACF
Backup Vehicle exemption
Profile key ZEV operational
attributes to determine
suitability to meet current
fleet requirements.
Evaluate CARB ACF
compliance pathway options
and provide
recommendation for
selection and fleet transition.
Analyze the vehicle purchase
and lifecycle cost differences
between ICE and ZEV
alternatives for replacement.
• 7 vehicle types have high
ZEV transition suitability
• 8 vehicle types have
medium suitability
• 6 vehicle types have low
suitability
• From the 21 vehicle types,
6 do not have ZEV
alternatives with 2 of the 6
being ACF-Exempt.
• ACF Option 1 is the
recommended transition
pathway
• Option 2 increases ZEV
purchase burden by more
than double of Option 1
• Option 1 is driven by Fleet
Manager procurement
• Option 2 is driven by ACF
Milestone schedule,
requiring replacement
before vehicle end-of-life
• Option 1:
$88.4M cumulative vehicle
purchase cost (2024 –
2040)
• Option 2:
$126.0M cumulative
vehicle purchase cost
(2024 – 2040)
• No ZEV Procurement:
$118.0M cumulative
vehicle purchase cost
(2024 – 2040)
9 Executive Summary
Key insights from the Fleet & Transition Pathway Assessment 10 Executive Summary
City operates 701 vehicles across 21 different vehicle and 8 fuel / electric types 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Sedan
SUV
Light-Duty Pickup Truck
Paratransit Bus
Van
Refuse Truck
Street Sweeper
Medium-Duty Utility Service Truck
Heavy-Duty Utility Service Truck
Vacuum Truck
Heavy-Duty Crane
Medium-Duty Bucket Truck
Heavy-Duty Bucket Truck
Dump Truck
Flatbed Truck
Tank Truck
Construction Materials Truck
Work Pickup Truck
Heavy-Duty Semi Truck
Paint Striper Truck
Fire Truck
Existing Fleet Inventory by Vehicle and Fuel Type
Gasoline Gas Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid (PHEV) Compressed Natural Gas Flex Fuel Liquified Petroleum Gas Battery Electric Diesel Notes:
1. Vehicle count reflects exis ting inventory as of 04/11/2024
2. Vehicle count and fuel / electric types do not include vehicles from the police and fire departments 9 10
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6 701 vehicles
ACF Exempt
ACF
Regulated
Vehicle CountVehicle Type
34Van
40Refuse Truck
17Street Sweeper
14MD Utility Service
23MD Bucket Truck
15HD Utility Service
21Dump Truck
19Flatbed Truck
155Work Pickup Truck
1Semi Truck
8HD Bucket Truck
347TOTAL
ExemptionVehicle CountVehicle Type
Vehicles under 8,500 GVWR are exempt from ACF
Advanced Clean Cars; only ZEV options will be available for purchase starting 2035
33Sedan
128SUV
119LD Pickup Truck
Subject to ICT requirements for ZEV procurement, not ACF.34Paratransit Bus Heavy cranes as defined in title 13, CCR, section 2021 (b)(16).13HD Crane* Emergency Vehicles are exempt from ACF1Fire Truck*
328TOTAL
373 vehicles
328 vehicles
Vehicle CountVehicle Type
9Vacuum Truck*
7Tank Truck*
7Construction Truck*
3Paint Striper*
26TOTAL
Executive Summary
City operates 373 vehicles that are regulated by ACF compliance requirements Notes:
1. Vehicle types marked with * do not have currently available ZEV alternatives. For ACF-regulated vehicles, an Unavailability Exemption should be submitted.
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Executive Summary
Identified a total of 48 underutilized vehicles, City should conduct further investigation to optimize vehicle utilization and consider pursuit of the ACF Backup Vehicle Exemption Under 10% Utilized0 Annual MilesVehicle Age
770 to 10 years
191011 to 19 years
5020 or more years
3117TOTAL
Underutilization Summary
Work with departments to review, investigate, and better understand reasons for a vehicle being inactive or underutilized Confirm inactive and underutilized vehicles to prepare for permanent retirement, replacement, or identify as backup vehicle Engage drivers to capture detailed vehicle use information that might otherwise be unavailable in routine data collection Develop strategy to maintain an optimized fleet size and composition to meet operational needs
Underutilized Vehicle Count by Department
93%
3% 4%
Remaining Fleet
Under 10%
0 Annual Miles
Underutilized Vehicle Count by Vehicle Age
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Departments
Transit Bus
PU Electric
Public Works
General Services
PU Water
Public Works – Water Quality Control
Solid Waste
Community Outreach
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SuitabilityAvailabilityConfigurationGVWRPayloadRange
1.0011111SedanHIGH
1.0011111SUV
1.0011111Pickup Truck
1.0011111Paratransit Bus
1.0011111Van
1.0011111Heavy Duty Semi Truck
1.2011112Refuse Truck
3.0033333Vacuum TruckLOW
3.0033333Tanker Truck
3.0033333Construction Materials Truck
3.0033333Paint Striper Truck
3.0033333Heavy Duty Crane
3.0033333Fire Truck
DefinitionScoreColor
High1
Medium2
Low3
DefinitionMetric
Capability of ZEV alternative to meet
operational requirements (e.g., duty
cycle, or vehicle miles traveled.)
Range
Carry capacity suitability ZEV alternative
to meet operational requirements of
current fleet vehicles.
Payload
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. Suitability
of ZEV alternative to meet required
GVWR of the current GVWR of fleet
vehicles.
GVWR
Suitability of ZEV alternative to meet the
required height, weight, width, length, and
vocational body of current fleet vehicles.
Configuration
Market availability of ZEV alternatives.Availability
Executive Summary
Identified that one-third of City vehicle types have low ZEV alternative suitability and require the City to pursue the ACF Unavailability Exemption
Suitability Scoring
1.4021211Work Pickup Truck
1.4022111Street Sweeper
1.6022211Dump Truck
1.6032111Heavy Duty Utility Truck
1.8021312Flatbed Truck
1.8022221Medium Duty Utility Truck
1.8033111Heavy Duty Bucket Truck
2.0023212Medium Duty Bucket TruckMEDIUM
14 0
50 100
150
200
250
300
350
400
ACF Fleet Composition – Option 1
EV ICE
0 50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
ACF Fleet Composition - Option 2
EV ICE
0 50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
2024 2029 2034 2039
Option 1 Option 2
ZEV Purchase Analysis (Option 1 & 2 Scenarios)
Executive Summary
We recommend the City implement ACF Option 1 due to Option 2 requiring more than double ZEV purchases by 2040
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Executive Summary
From 2024 to 2026, we recommend the below vehicle replacement schedule under ACF option 1, due to those vehicles having the most suitable ZEV alternatives and lowest purchase price 2024 Replacements
Vehicle TypeVehicle ID
Refuse TruckJ175
Refuse TruckJ183
Street SweeperI064
Vacuum TruckE327
HD Bucket TruckE340
HD Bucket TruckE341
2025 Replacements 2026 Replacements
Vehicle TypeVehicle ID
VanH267
VanH320
MD Bucket TruckE342
MD Bucket TruckE347
Flatbed TruckE335
Work Pickup TruckC1069
ICE EV
Vehicle TypeVehicle ID
Refuse TruckJ172
Refuse TruckJ176
MD Bucket TruckE354
MD Bucket TruckE355
Vehicle TypeVehicle ID
Work Pickup TruckC1059
Work Pickup TruckC1098
MD Bucket TruckE356
MD Bucket TruckE357
MD Bucket TruckE368
Vehicle TypeVehicle ID
Construction Materials TruckE412
Construction Materials TruckE363
Refuse TruckJ165
Vacuum TruckE361
Vacuum TruckE372
Vehicle TypeVehicle ID
VanH271
MD Bucket TruckE362
MD Bucket TruckE376
MD Bucket TruckE383
MD Bucket TruckE369
Replaced with ICE
Replaced with EV
Total Replacements
2024 2025 2026
6 45
6 55
12 91 0
16 Executive Summary
When comparing vehicle purchase and lifecycle costs scenarios, ACF Option 1 is also the most cost- effective scenario against Option 2 and No ZEV Procurement $0.0
$2.0
$4.0
$6.0
$8.0
$10.0
$12.0
$14.0
$16.0
2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 Annual Cost Comparison: ACF Option 1 vs ACF Option 2 vs No ZEV Procurement (millions)
Option 1 Option 2 No ZEV Procurement
• ACF Purchase Requirement
• ICT transit bus transition plan
• Passenger vehicle transition plan
• ACF Milestone Schedule
• ICT transit bus transition plan
• Passenger vehicle transition plan
Scenario: ACF Option 1
Scenario: ACF Option 2
Total Transition Costs = $88.4M
Total Transition Costs = $126.0M
Scenario: No ZEV Procurement
• Based on benchmark vehicle replacements
derived for Option 1
• No ZEV purchases, only ICE replacements
Total Transition Costs = $118.0M
Notes:
1. Costs excludes EV charging infrastructure and installation
2. Costs include EV incentives and rebates ( Option 1 - Total Rebates: $3.2M, Option 2 - Total Rebates: $7.0M) 15 16
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1. Assess Fleet &
Transition Pathway
3. Review Existing
Conditions and Trends
2. Conduct Needs
Assessment and Gap
Analysis
4. Develop Projected
Costs & Identify Other
Barriers
5. Identify and Analyze
Financing Mechanisms
and Strategies
6. Develop Phased
Master Plan
Project Delivery
Determine future state
ZEV alternatives for the
City Fleet
Confirm vehicle
replacement schedule
and CARB Compliance
Pathway
Calculate vehicle costs
for future state ZEV fleet
Define energy usage and
demand by vehicle
category
Develop estimated ZEV
infrastructure costs
Determine capacity of
City facilities to support
ZEV fleet
Assess reliability and
resiliency opportunities
Calculate GHG emission
reductions
Develop total cost of
ownership for ZEV fleet
Identify barriers and
mitigation strategies to
ZEV transition
Identify potential
financing alternatives
Determine optimal
financing strategies
Fleet Transition Master
Plan
1 2
3 4
Deliverable:
Fleet & Transition
Pathway Assessment
Deliverable:
Needs Assessment &
Gap Analysis
Deliverable:
Review of Existing
Conditions and Trends
Deliverable:
Projected Costs and
Barriers Assessment
5 6
Deliverable:
Financing Mechanisms
and Strategy Analysis
Deliverable:
Fleet Transition
Master Plan
Executive Summary
Ongoing Work and Next Steps
May to June 2024 July to August 2024
Performance Disclosure
In conducting our analysis and in forming an opinion of the projection of future operations summarized in this report, B&V has made certain assumptions with respect to conditions, events, and circumstances that may occur in the future. This methodology utilized by B&V in performing the analysis follows generally accepted practices for such projections. Such assumptions and methodologies are summarized in this report and are reasonable and appropriate for the purpose for which they are used; however, actual results may differ materially from those projected, as influenced by the conditions, events, and circumstances that actually occur. Such factors may include, but are not limited to, the ability to execute the capital improvement program as scheduled and within budget, regional climate and weather conditions affecting demand and supply, and adverse legislative and regulatory actions, or legal decisions (including but not limited to environmental law and regulations) affecting the ability of B&V’s client to operate its system. Readers of this report are advised that any projected or forecasted financial, operating, performance, or strategy merely reflects the reasonable judgment of B&V at the time of the preparation of such information and is based on a number of factors and circumstances beyond B&V’s control. Accordingly, no assurances are made that the projections or forecasts will be consistent with actual results or performances. Use of this report will constitute agreement by the user that (i) there is no warranty, express or implied, in this report, (ii) the user accepts the sole risk of any such use, and (iii) the user waives any claim for damages of any kind against B&V .
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