LEGISLATIVE HISTORY
The 2015 Racial and Identity Profiling Act (RIPA) was formed through Assembly Bill (AB) 953. The Bill prohibits racial and identity profiling by law enforcement and requires law enforcement agencies to report data to the Attorney General’s Office on a) all vehicle and pedestrian stops and b) citizen complaints alleging racial and identity profiling. A 19-member Board, the Racial and Identity Profiling Advisory Board was established through AB 953 to eliminate racial and identity profiling with the intent to improve diversity and racial/identity sensitivity in law enforcement.
The role of the RIPA Advisory Board is to:
Analyze the stop data and the civilian complaint data on an annual basis.
Work with law enforcement to review racial and identity profiling policies and practices.
Review law enforcement training.
Issue an annual report that details the data findings and provides policy recommendations/best practices to law enforcement for eliminating profiling in California.
Data is tabulated and posted on the Office of the Attorney General website https://oag.ca.gov/ab953/board/reports.
City of Riverside
The City of Riverside had a total of 363 sworn budgeted positions in 2021 and 409 in 2022 during the reporting period. Riverside Police Department met the April 1, 2022, submission deadline and submitted RIPA data associated with 19,267 stops made between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021. Information was submitted digitally to the DOJ and was included in the 2023 Annual RIPA Report published January 1, 2023. Information submitted includes all stops completed by Riverside Police Officers including those conducted outside of city limits. A total number of 157 stops were conducted outside of the City of Riverside during the reporting period. The 2023 RIPA Data Analysis is limited to the 19,110 stops that occurred within the City of Riverside.
Riverside Police Department met the April 1, 2023, submission deadline and submitted RIPA data associated with 16,609 stops made between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022. Information was submitted digitally to the DOJ and was included in the 2024 Annual RIPA Report published January 1, 2024. Information submitted includes all stops completed by Riverside Police Officers including those conducted outside of city limits. A total number of 144 stops were conducted outside of the City of Riverside during the reporting period. The 2024 RIPA Data Analysis is limited to the 16,465 stops that occurred within the City of Riverside.
Data Results
Significant data is collected in alignment with RIPA regulations with all data publicly available on the DOJ website. For the purpose of this report, data results presented include timing of stops, overall stops related to race and gender, stops that resulted in warnings related to race and gender, stops that resulted in citations related to race and gender, and arrests (both with and without warrants) related to race and gender. U.S. Census statistics will be used to compare and contrast RIPA data findings in relation to the subjects identified above.
U.S. Census Data
The 2020 U.S. Census identifies the ethnic or racial background of the City of Riverside as 55.9% Hispanic or Latino, 25.3% White, 6.6% Black or African American, 8.5% Asian, 0.5% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands, 0.1% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 3.1% Other. Related to gender, the 2020 U.S. Census identifies the population of the City of Riverside as 49.8% Male and 50.2% Female.
Timing of Stops
Through review of RIPA stop data, it can be concluded that the majority or 39% in 2023 and 38% in 2024 of the stops completed during the reporting period were conducted between 6 a.m. and 11:59 a.m., followed by the window of 12 p.m. to 5:59 p.m. with 27% of the reported stops in 2023 and 26% in 2024. Approximately 20% of the stops occurred between 6 p.m. and 11:59 p.m. in 2023 and 22% in 2024 and 14% of the stops occurred between the hours of 12 a.m. and 5:59 a.m. in both 2023 and 2024. It should be noted that officers assigned to motors or traffic teams are assigned to Day Shift (6 a.m. to 4 p.m.) or Swing Shift (12 p.m. – 10 p.m.).
Time
2023
2024
12:00
-
5:59 AM
2,744
2,336
6:00
-
11:59 AM
7,398
6,281
12:00
-
5:59 PM
5,188
4,232
6:00
-
11:59 PM
3,780
3,616
Total
19,110
16,465
Ethnic or Racial Data of Stops
Stops completed during the reporting period identify perceived ethnic or racial classifications of stopped individuals included the following for the 2023 RIPA Race: 46.40% Hispanic or Latino, 33.54% White, 12.83% Black or African American, 3.32% Asian, 0.24% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands, 0.12% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 3.56% Other Ethnicities; and 2024 RIPA Race: 48.89% Hispanic or Latino, 27.48% White, 14.46% Black or African American, 5.77% Asian, 0.73% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands, 0.66% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 2.00% Other Ethnicities. The Ethnic or Racial Data Category Asian includes Asian, South Asian, and Middle Eastern.
A comparison of 2020 U.S. Census Data for the City of Riverside and perceived ethnic or racial classifications of the 19,110 stopped individuals reflected in the 2023 and 16,465 stopped individuals reflected in the 2024 Annual RIPA report are identified in the chart below:
2020 Census Data
2023 RIPA DATA
2024 RIPA DATA
Ethnic or Racial Data of stops
% of Population
% of Stops
# of Stops
% of Stops
# of Stops
Hispanic or Latino
55.90%
46.40%
8,867
48.89%
8,050
White
25.30%
33.54%
6,409
27.48%
4,525
Black or African American
6.60%
12.83%
2,451
14.46%
2,381
Asian
8.50%
3.32%
634
5.77%
950
Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands
0.50%
0.24%
46 0.73%
121
American Indian and Alaska Native
0.10%
0.12%
23 0.66%
108
Other Ethnicities
3.10%
3.56%
680
2.00%
330
Total
19,110
16,465
Warnings Provided related to Race
In lieu of issuing a citation or arrest, officers may provide a warning to the individual. Stops resulting in a warning rather than a citation during the reporting period included the following for the 2023 RIPA Race: 51.02% Hispanic or Latino, 29.02% White, 16.28% Black or African American, 2.22% Asian, 0.34% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands, 0.20% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 0.94% Other Ethnicities; and for the 2024 RIPA Race: 54.63% Hispanic or Latino, 21.92% White, 19.85% Black or African American, 2.51% Asian, 0.33% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands, 0.18% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 0.57% Other Ethnicities. A comparison of 2020 U.S. Census Data for the City of Riverside and stops that resulted in a warning are identified on the following chart:
2020 Census Data
2023 RIPA DATA
2024 RIPA DATA
Warnings Race
% of Population
% of Stops
# of Stops
% of Stops
# of Stops
Hispanic or Latino
55.90%
51.02%
3,655
54.63%
2,956
White
25.30%
29.02%
2,079
21.92%
1,186
Black or African American
6.60%
16.28%
1,166
19.85%
1,074
Asian
8.50%
2.22%
159
2.51%
136
Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands
0.50%
0.34%
24 0.33%
18 American Indian and Alaska Native
0.10%
0.20%
14 0.18%
10 Other Ethnicities
3.10%
0.94%
67 0.57%
31 Total
7,164
5,411
Citations Provided related to Race
Stops resulting in citations during the 2023 reporting period included the following: 42.78% Hispanic or Latino, 37.58% White, 8.87% Black or African American, 4.41% Asian, 0.18% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands, 0.05% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 6.13% Other Ethnicities in 2023; and 45.49% Hispanic or Latino, 31.14% White, 9.39% Black or African American, 8.59% Asian, 1.03% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands, 1.07% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 3.30% Other Ethnicities in 2024. A comparison of 2020 U.S. Census Data for the City of Riverside and stops that resulted in a citation are identified in the chart below:
2020 Census Data
2023 RIPA DATA
2024 RIPA DATA
Ethnic or Racial Data of Citations
% of Population
% of Stops
# of Stops
% of Stops
# of Stops
Hispanic or Latino
55.90%
42.78%
4,235
45.49%
4,010
White
25.30%
37.58%
3,720
31.14%
2,745
Black or African American
6.60%
8.87%
878
9.39%
828
Asian
8.50%
4.41%
437
8.59%
757
Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands
0.50%
0.18%
18 1.03%
91 American Indian and Alaska Native
0.10%
0.05%
5 1.07%
94 Other Ethnicities
3.10%
6.13%
607
3.30%
291
Total
9,900
8,816
Arrests made with Warrants related to Race
Stops resulting in arrests made with warrants during the reporting period included the following: 47.72% Hispanic or Latino, 31.37% White, 18.85% Black or African American, 0.88% Asian, 0.29% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands, 0.44% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 0.44% Other Ethnicities in 2023; and 45.25% Hispanic or Latino, 29.45% White, 23.29% Black or African American, 1.20% Asian, 0.27% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands, 0.27% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 0.27% Other Ethnicities in 2024. A comparison of 2020 U.S. Census Data for the City of Riverside and stops that resulted in a citation are identified in the chart below:
2020 Census Data
2023 RIPA DATA
2024 RIPA DATA
Ethnic or Racial Data of Arrests with Warrant
% of Population
% of Stops
# of Stops
% of Stops
# of Stops
Hispanic or Latino
55.90%
47.72%
324
45.25%
338
White
25.30%
31.37%
213
29.45%
220
Black or African American
6.60%
18.85%
128
23.29%
174
Asian
8.50%
0.88%
6 1.20%
9 Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands
0.50%
0.29%
2 0.27%
2 American Indian and Alaska Native
0.10%
0.44%
3 0.27%
2 Other Ethnicities
3.10%
0.44%
3 0.27%
2 Total
679
747
Arrests made without Warrants related to Race
Stops resulting in arrests made with without warrants during the reporting period included the following: 48.78% Hispanic or Latino, 27.04% White, 21.66% Black or African American, 1.93% Asian, 0% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands, 0.08% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 0.50% Other Ethnicities in 2023; and 52.90% Hispanic or Latino, 22.32% White, 21.01% Black or African American, 2.53% Asian, 0.74% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands, 0.08% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 0.41% Other Ethnicities in 2024. A comparison of 2020 U.S. Census Data for the City of Riverside and stops that resulted in a citation are identified in the chart below:
2020 Census Data
2023 RIPA DATA
2024 RIPA DATA
Ethnic or Racial Data of Arrests w/o Warrant
% of Population
% of Stops
# of Stops
% of Stops
# of Stops
Hispanic or Latino
55.90%
48.78%
581
52.90%
647
White
25.30%
27.04%
322
22.32%
273
Black or African American
6.60%
21.66%
258
21.01%
257
Asian
8.50%
1.93%
23 2.53%
31 Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islands
0.50%
0.00%
0 0.74%
9 American Indian and Alaska Native
0.10%
0.08%
1 0.08%
1 Other Ethnicities
3.10%
0.50%
6 0.41%
5 Total
1,191
1,223
Gender Data of Stops
RIPA categorizes gender into six different classifications Male, Female, Transgender Male, Transgender Female, Non-conforming, and Multigender. Data related to RIPA gender classification is included on the table below and identifies 89 of the stops in 2023 and 75 of the stops in 2024 conducted were identified in categories outside of the 2020 U.S. Census categories of Male and Female. In alignment with contrasting the U.S. Census gender categories included in the 2020 U.S. Census, 89 of the stops in 2023 and 75 of the stops in 2024 were included in categories other than Male and Female were omitted.
Review of the submitted data also indicated multiple entries were provided for 67 stops resulting in more than one gender category being selected. All stops with multiple entries were included under the table category Non-conforming or Multigender and total 67 of 89 stops omitted from the 2023 and 66 of the 75 stops were omitted from the 2024 RIPA Data Analysis. The Department of Justice indicated the need to clarify gender category definitions in the June 2021 RIPA Initial Statement of Reasons.
RIPA Gender Categories
2023 Number
% of Stops
2024 Number
% of Stops
Male
13,209
69.44%
11,900
72.61%
Female
5,812
30.56%
4,490
27.39%
Total Gender
19,021
16,390
Categories Omitted From Data Analysis
2023 Number
% of Stops
2024 Number
% of Stops
Transgender Male
11 12.36%
5 6.67%
Transgender Female
8 8.99%
4 5.33%
Non-Conforming or Multigender
67 75.28%
66 88.00%
No Gender Reported
3 3.37%
0 0.00%
Total Omitted
89 75
All Categories
2023 Number
% of Stops
2024 Number
% of Stops
Male
13,209
69.12%
11,900
72.27%
Female
5,812
30.41%
4,490
27.27%
Transgender Male*
11 0.06%
5 0.03%
Transgender Female*
8 0.04%
4 0.02%
Non-Conforming or Multigender*
67 0.35%
66 0.40%
No Gender Reported*
3 0.02%
0 0.00%
Total All Categories
19,110
16,465
A total of 19,110 stops were made in 2023 and 16,465 in 2024 during the reporting period indicated gender categories of Male (69.12% in 2023 and 72.27% in 2024) and Female (30.41% in 2023 and 27.27% in 2024). A data collection error identified duplicate data was collected for individuals that were perceived as Multigender or Non-conforming. As a result, data was updated to note any stop recording more than one gender category was updated to Non-conforming or Multigender. *Omitted in the following gender reports.
Baseline Data
To allow for consistency in reviewing RIPA and 2020 U.S. Census data, categories will be limited to the gender categories of Male and Female. This data reflects 13,209 Males and 5,812 Females for a total of 19,021 RIPA stops in 2023 and 11,900 Males and 4,490 Females for a total of 16,390 RIPA stops in 2024 and identifies 69.44% of the individuals stopped were Male in 2023 and 72.61% in 2024 and 30.56% were Female in 2023 and 27.39% in 2024. 2020 Census Data
2023 RIPA DATA
2024 RIPA DATA
Gender Category
% of Population
% of Stops
# of Stops
% of Stops
# of Stops
Male
49.80%
69.44%
13,209
72.61%
11,900
Female
50.20%
30.56%
5,812
27.39%
4,490
Warnings Provided related to Gender
In lieu of issuing a citation or arrest, officers may provide a warning to the individual. Stops resulting in a warning rather than a citation during the reporting period identify 75.15% of the Males stopped received a warning in 2023 and 80.12% in 2024. 24.85% if women stopped received a warning in 2023 and 19.88% in 2024. 2020 Census Data
2023 RIPA DATA
2024 RIPA DATA
Warnings by Gender
% of Population
% of Stops
# of Stops
% of Stops
# of Stops
Male
49.80%
75.15%
5,352
80.12%
4,292
Female
50.20%
24.85%
1,770
19.88%
1,065
Citations Provided related to Gender
Stops during the reporting period that receive a citation indicate 63.18% of the citations issued were issued to Males in 2023 and 66.55% in 2024, and 36.82% issued to Females in 2023 and 33.45% in 2024. A comparison of 2020 U.S. Census Data for the City of Riverside and stops completed between January 1, 2021 – December 31, 2021 and January 1, 2022 - December 31, 2022, are identified in the chart below. 2020 Census Data
2023 RIPA DATA
2024 RIPA DATA
Citations by Gender
% of Population
% of Stops
# of Stops
% of Stops
# of Stops
Male
49.80%
63.18%
6,237
66.55%
5,860
Female
50.20%
36.82%
3,635
33.45%
2,945
Arrests made with Warrants related to Gender
Stops resulting in arrests made with warrants during the reporting period reflect 82.54% of the arrests made with warrants were Male in 2023 and 84.95% in 2024, and 17.46% Female in 2023 and 15.05% in 2024. 2020 Census Data
2023 RIPA DATA
2024 RIPA DATA
Arrests with Warrants by Gender
% of Population
% of Stops
# of Stops
% of Stops
# of Stops
Male
49.80%
82.54%
558
84.95%
632
Female
50.20%
17.46%
118
15.05%
112
Arrests made without Warrants related to Gender
During the reporting period 80.92% of the arrests made from stops without warrants were Male in 2023 and 80.51 in 2024 and 19.08% Female in 2023 and 19.49% in 2024. 2020 Census Data
2023 RIPA DATA
2024 RIPA DATA
Arrests without Warrants by Gender
% of Population
% of Stops
# of Stops
% of Stops
# of Stops
Male
49.80%
80.92%
954
80.51%
983
Female
50.20%
19.08%
225
19.49%
238
Civilian Complaints
Thirty-five civilian complaints were received during the reporting period, with three alleging racial or identity profiling. Complaint cases received are reviewed by the Riverside Police Department’s Internal Affairs Division as required by RPD Policy 1009.10 (c) and (d); and Government Code 3304(d). Civilian complaints are also independently reviewed through the Community Police Review Commission as outlined in Riverside Municipal Code Section 810 (c).
Findings for the three complaints alleging racial or identity profiling are included on the following table:
Complaint Number
Allegation
RPD Finding
CPRC Finding
PC22 – 03010
Officer One
1) Discrimination
2) Exceeding Peace Officer Power
Unfounded
Unfounded
Unfounded
Unfounded
PC22 – 03010
Officer Two
1) Discrimination
2) Peace Officer Power
Unfounded
Unfounded
Unfounded
Unfounded
PC22 – 04013
Officer One
1) Discrimination
2) Discourtesy
3) Exceeding Peace Officer Power
Unfounded
Unfounded
Unfounded
Unfounded
Unfounded
Unfounded
Summary
The Riverside Police Department reported RIPA associated with 19,267 stops conducted in 2021 for the 2023 RIPA report and 16,609 in 2022 for the 2024 RIPA report. Stop data for the next reporting period of January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023, was submitted to the Department of Justice digitally, prior to the April 1, 2024 deadline. Data provided will be included in the 2025 RIPA Annual Report which is projected to be published on the Department of Justice website on or around January 1, 2025. 2 2023 and 2024 RIPA Data Analysis
City of Riverside – City Manager’s Office