Sacramento City Council
June 20, 2023

City of Sacramento
City Council - 5PM Report
915 I Street Sacramento, CA 95814
www.cityofsacramento.org
File ID: 2023-00833 6/20/2023 Discussion Item 22.

Office of Public Safety Accountability’s Audit of the Sacramento Police Department (SPD):

Misconduct Complaint Cases - Improper Search and Seizure File ID: 2023-00833
Location: Citywide
Recommendation: Receive and file.

Contact: Dr. LaTesha Watson, Director, (916) 808-7525, [email protected], Office of Public Safety Accountability
Presenter: Dr. LaTesha Watson, Director, (916) 808-7525, [email protected] and Dwight White, Inspector General, (916) 808-7525, [email protected], Office of Public Safety Accountability
Attachments:
1-Description/Analysis
2-Audit of the Sacramento Police Department (SPD): Misconduct Complaint Cases - Improper Search and Seizure
3-Appendices
4-Response from the Chief of Police
5-Response from the Director of the Office of Public Safety Accountability Additional Description/Analysis
Issue Detail: This audit was conducted in accordance with the Sacramento City Code, Chapter 2.22 Office of Public Safety Accountability duties and responsibilities, OPSA oversight practitioners performed this external audit of the Sacramento Police Department’s misconduct complaint cases that encompass the allegation of ‘Improper Search and Seizure’.

Policy Considerations: The Office of Public Safety Accountability’s presentation of the Audit of the Sacramento Police Department (SPD): Misconduct Complaint Cases - Improper Search and Seizure is consistent with the Mayor and the City Council’s intent to have an independent entity with broad oversight powers evaluating the overall quality of performance by public safety employees and the authority to encourage systemic change.

File ID: 2023-00833 6/20/2023 Discussion Item 22.

Economic Impacts: None.

Environmental Considerations: None.

Sustainability: None.

Commission/Committee Action: Not applicable.

Rationale for Recommendation: This report includes ten findings and makes nineteen recommendations regarding the administrative and operational functions of the Sacramento Police Department.

Financial Considerations: The costs associated in performing this audit were funded from the FY2022/2023 Office of Public Safety Accountability budget.

Local Business Enterprise (LBE): No goods or services are being purchased as a result of this report.

Office of Public Safety Accountability (OPSA):

External Audit Report
An Audit of the Sacramento Police Department (SPD):

Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure April 19, 2023
External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Contents
Introduction........................................................................................................4 Background.........................................................................................................4 Objective.............................................................................................................6 Fourth Amendment Rules ...................................................................................8 Audit Overview....................................................................................................9 Chart 1: SPD Case Dispositions.....................................................................................................9 Case Disposition Comparison ............................................................................10 Chart 2: OPSA vs. SPD Fourth Amendment Violations........................................................11 Chart 3: SPD Sustained Cases.....................................................................................................12 Chart 4: OPSA Sustained Cases ..................................................................................................13 Chart 5: SPD vs. OPSA Sustained Cases ..................................................................................14 Audit Findings ..................................................................................................15 Finding 1: SPD Does Not Have a Current, Stand-Alone Policy Regarding the Fourth Amendment and Includes Search and Seizure........................................................15 Finding 2: Automatic Pat Downs of Citizens are in Direct Conflict with the 1968 United States Supreme Court Decision, Terry v. Ohio. ............................................16 Finding 3: SPD Officers Improperly Searched or Seized Citizens Cell Phones in Direct Violation of State and Federal Laws........................................................................17 Finding 4: Rights of Non-Probation Citizens were Violated During Probation Waiver Searches………………..............................................................................................18 Finding 5: Inconsistent Vehicle Tow Procedures. ....................................................19 Finding 6: SPD Does Not Have a Policy Regarding Handcuffing Minor Children......19 Finding 7: Warrantless Entry into Citizens’ Homes and Conducting Searches without Sufficient Legal Authority .......................................................................................20 Finding 8: SPD Does Not Have a Policy Regarding Officers Interacting with Citizens Holding a Concealed Carry Weapon (CCW) license..................................................21 Finding 9: Stops Based on Minor Traffic Infractions Such as Improper Window Tint with No Apparent Intention to Enforce the Vehicle Code or Ticket the Driver Amount to Pretextual Stops. ................................................................................................22 Traffic Stop Breakdown .......................................................................................24 Chart 6: Type of Traffic Violations .......................................................................24 Traffic Violation Breakdown:................................................................................25 Improper Window Tint Violation ..........................................................................25 Table 1: Breakdown of Improper Window Tint Violations.....................................25 Finding 10: Internal Reviews by Supervisors do not Consistently ...........................26 External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Identify Fourth Amendment Violations. ..................................................................26 Statistical Findings: Complainant Demographics ..............................................28 Chart 7: Complainant Age ......................................................................................28 Chart 8: Complainant Gender.................................................................................28 Chart 9: Complainant Race ....................................................................................29 Complaint Location...........................................................................................30 Chart 10: Complaints by Council District...............................................................30 Chart 11: Complaints by SPD Command Area........................................................30 Chart 12: Complaints by SPD Police Beat Locations ...............................................31 Chart 13: Complaints by Officer Assignment ..........................................................32 Type of Police – Citizen Interactions .................................................................33 Chart 14: Type of Police-Citizen Interaction............................................................33 Conclusion........................................................................................................34 External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Introduction
The mission of the Office of Public Safety Accountability (OPSA) is to enhance relationships between the City of Sacramento’s public safety employees and the community they protect and serve. Under the direction, control, and supervision of the City of Sacramento Mayor and City Council, OPSA has broad oversight authority of the Sacramento Police Department (SPD) and the Sacramento Fire Department (SFD). Established in 1999 by the City of Sacramento Mayor and City Council, OPSA is charged with independently accepting, tracking, monitoring, and reviewing misconduct complaint investigations.

OPSA also tracks and monitors critical incident investigations involving public safety personnel. The role of OPSA oversight practitioners was expanded in 2020 by the City of Sacramento Mayor and City Council establishing an Inspector General (IG) position within OPSA to independently investigate officer involved shootings and use-of-force incidents.

The current climate of policing in the United States (U.S.) demand the institutionalization of police reform efforts combating systemic racism, excessive uses of force, unreasonable stops and searches, and the lack of police accountability. Independent oversight of police organizations is a necessary ingredient of police reform.

OPSA adds an independent layer of oversight review to SPD and SFD misconduct complaint cases and critical incident investigations. OPSA’s primary responsibility is to ensure that the investigation of misconduct complaint cases and critical incident investigations are conducted timely, thoroughly, and fairly. OPSA’s broad oversight authority includes evaluating the overall quality of performance of public safety employees as well as encouraging systematic change to improve it.

Background
The frequency of high-profile police killings of minorities across the country in recent years has led to unprecedented levels of public scrutiny regarding police operations and the need to hold officers accountable. With racial justice at the forefront, the number of police oversight agencies has expanded around the country. Currently, there are more than 160 police oversight agencies in the U.S., distinctly different from a total of seven oversight agencies in existence in 1975. Recognizing the need for a higher level of accountability to the public and responding directly to demands to “defund” the police, the Sacramento City Council directed its OPSA Director to deploy the newly created Inspector General, and its staff, to provide review and oversight of all police practices on its behalf.

Oversight agencies throughout the U.S. have experienced challenges fulfilling their mission and meeting set objectives due to the police, police unions, and other interest groups who have worked to successfully block oversight practitioners from performing their job duties and responsibilities. Oversight practitioners are undermined consistently by law enforcement. Police personnel as well as police unions contend that oversight practitioners are ill-equipped to judge police officers because they lack the expertise and experience of trained law enforcement professionals. OPSA oversight practitioners dispel this notion by encompassing law enforcement professionals with extensive knowledge, expertise, and experience in the profession, but resistance remains.

External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Under the direction, control and supervision of the City Council, the Director of the Office of Public Safety Accountability shall have the following authority and responsibility as related to the Sacramento Police Department and Sacramento Fire Department:

A. Audit all citizen complaint investigations of the police department and fire department, as the director deems necessary;
B. Monitor all citizen complaint investigations conducted by the police department and fire department;
C. Request the police department and fire department perform further investigation in those citizen complaint cases that require additional investigation as determined by the director; D. Receive all documents, reports, or any other item necessary to monitor or audit a complaint investigation;
E. Assist the city council, or any duly appointed committee of the council, in performing its investigative functions under section 34 of the charter; 1 F. As needed, request the city council, or any duly appointed committee of the council, to issue subpoenas as provided in section 34 of the charter. The city council may, by resolution, establish the procedures for the request, issuance, and service of those subpoenas; G. Perform such other inquiries and investigations as prescribed by council resolution; H. Accept and document complaints directly from citizens as an alternative procedure for citizen complaints concerning public safety personnel, using a complaint form distinct from that used by the police department or fire department. All such complaints shall be promptly forwarded to the respective public safety department for investigation; I. Provide complainants with timely updates on the status of investigations, excluding disclosure of any information that is confidential or legally protected; J. Explain how the complaint process works to all complainants; K. Monitor or independently investigate any other matter as directed by the city council pursuant to section 34 of the charter;
L. Serve in a public information capacity, including providing public information, excluding disclosure of any information that is confidential or legally protected, on pending investigations as directed by the city council; and making presentations in community forums; and M. Respond to critical incidents involving police or fire personnel and provide a report to city council regarding the details and concerns of those incidents.2 1 Pursuant to Sacramento City Charter Section 34
2 OPSA general responsibilities outlined in City Council Report #2016-01504, November 29, 2016 External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

In May of 2022, concerns emerged during the review of misconduct complaint cases.3 OPSA oversight practitioners discovered an initial pattern of Fourth Amendment violations of Sacramento community members, specifically Black and Latino community members, during police-citizen interactions. From the evaluation of the initial pattern, apparent issues with improper search and seizure demonstrate a lack of understanding of what officers learn from training on the law and the actual application of that training in the field. With such a limited amount of information, oversight practitioners could not make a conclusive determination of whether a systemic problem within the police department existed.

Therefore, a determination was made that an external audit would be conducted to obtain a conclusive finding of whether there is a systemic problem or only isolated incidents were discovered. The external audit consisted of all misconduct complaint cases encompassing the allegation of improper search and seizure over the course of a two-year period, from June of 2020 to June of 2022.

Objective
The objective of this audit was to determine whether there is a systemic problem in the Sacramento Police Department (SPD) regarding officers engaging in pattern or practice of unreasonable stops, searches, and seizures that violate the Fourth Amendment rights of Sacramento community members, specifically Black and Latino community members, during police-citizen interactions. If the audit deemed any conduct to be unlawful policing, an evaluation of organizational practices contributing to the unlawful conduct would be performed.

Scope
This audit included a review of 109 misconduct complaint cases only for the period June 1, 2020, through June 30, 2022. Case information beyond this period was reviewed as deemed necessary to fulfill the objectives of the audit.

Methodology
To achieve the audit objective, OPSA performed the following:
 Reviewed 109 misconduct complaint case files with the allegation of improper search and seizure (e.g., officer, complainant, witness statements, investigative summaries, offense/incident reports, interview transcripts, dispatch call sheet logs, police radio transmission audio, observation reports, emails);
 Reviewed body worn camera (BWC) footage and dash cam footage relevant to completed misconduct complaint cases;
 Reviewed SPD General Orders, Reference Materials (RMs), Training and Education materials, City of Sacramento City Ordinances, and City of Sacramento City Code;  Reviewed California Penal Code, U.S. Constitution, U.S. Supreme Court legal decisions, and applicable laws;
 Researched national best practices and reviewed numerous major city police organizations’ policies and procedures; and
3 A misconduct complaint case is the investigation of an internal or external complaint filed citing allegation(s) of misconduct against any department employee involving a violation of any law, rule, regulation, policy, or other improper job performance.

External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

 Reviewed relevant materials from the National Policing Institute (NPI), the Police Executive Research Forum (PERF), International Association Chiefs of Police (IACP), U.S. Department of Justice Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS Office), and Department of Justice (DOJ)’s Civil Rights Division – Special Litigation Section.

In accordance with the Sacramento City Code, Chapter 2.22 Office of Public Safety Accountability duties and responsibilities, OPSA oversight practitioners performed this external audit of the Sacramento Police Department’s misconduct complaint cases that encompass the allegation of ‘Improper Search and Seizure’. This audit evaluated misconduct complaint cases from June 1, 2020, through June of 2022. In addition, OPSA began reviewing all incoming cases encompassing an allegation of misconduct for improper search and seizure as of August of 2022.

External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Fourth Amendment Rules
 The Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution prohibits the government from performing unreasonable searches and seizures on citizens. "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized” 4  This means the arrests, searches, and detainments of citizens cannot be unreasonable.  An arrest of a person is reasonable if it is supported by an arrest warrant or by probable cause. 5  In California, probable cause exists when the facts known to the arresting officer at the time of arrest, would lead an objectively reasonable officer to believe that the person arrested has committed the crime in which they are being arrested for.6  A detainment or investigatory stop is reasonable if the officer has “reasonable suspicion” some criminal activity is occurring, and the person being detained is/was/or about to be involved in that criminal activity in some capacity.
7  Police officers are permitted to perform warrantless pat down searches on people they detain, if they reasonably believe that the person being patted down is presently armed and dangerous. 8  During traffic stops, police officers have the power as a matter of course to order drivers and passengers out of their vehicles.9 However, a mere traffic violation does not grant officers the right to perform pat-down searches.10 Even during a traffic stop officers still must reasonably believe that the person they are patting down is armed or dangerous.11  Although certain amounts of cannabis are legal to possess and consume in California, it is still illegal to drive or operate a vehicle under the influence of cannabis or with open containers of cannabis in the vehicle. If a police officer smells or observes cannabis cigarettes or loose cannabis in a car, they have the power to pat down all the occupants in the vehicle and search the entire vehicle to ensure the statutory requirements of the law are being upheld.12 4 U.S. Constitution, Amend. 4
5 Kaupp v. Texas, 538 US 626 (2003) 6 People v. Souza, 9 Cal.4th 224 885 (1994) 7 Terry v. Ohio 392 US 1 (1968) 8 Terry v. Ohio 392 US 1 (1968) 9 Pennsylvania v. Mimms, 434 U.S. 106 (1977), Maryland v. Wilson, 519 U.S. 408, (1997) 10 People v. Superior Court (Simon) 7Cal.3d 186, 206 (1972), People v. Superior Court (Kiefer)3 Cal.3d 807, 830 (1970) People v.

Lawler 9 Cal.3d 156, 161(1973) 11 Arizona v. Johnson, 555 U.S. 323 (2009) 12 People v Fews,27 Cal.App.5th 553 (2018) External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Audit Overview
OPSA performed an external audit of SPD completed misconduct complaint cases that encompassed allegations of improper search and seizure from June 1, 2020, through June 30, 2022. The case list for the audit included one duplicate case as well as three cases that were not able to be reviewed due to the lack of pertinent information missing from the case file. Although complaints were filed in these three cases, SPD was unable to obtain the necessary information to conduct a full investigation of the allegations. As a result, SPD closed two of these complaints with a disposition of unfounded and the other complaint was closed with a disposition of not sustained.

A total of 109 misconduct complaint cases met the audit criteria for the two-year period and were reviewed for the audit. As depicted in Chart 1 below, 86 of the 109 completed misconduct complaint cases received a disposition of UNFOUNDED from SPD. SPD defines the disposition of unfounded as the investigation clearly established that the alleged act did not occur, or the identified employee was not involved. This also included frivolous complaints, which are found to be totally and completely without merit, or those for the sole purpose of harassing an employee. Sustained, Not Sustained, and Exonerated are the other three dispositions in which allegations of misconduct can receive. SPD defines the disposition of sustained as when sufficient evidence supports the allegation against the employee(s).

SPD defines the disposition of not sustained as when sufficient evidence does not exist to clearly prove or disprove the allegation. SPD defines the disposition of exonerated as the investigation clearly established that the alleged act occurred and was justified. 13 Chart 1: SPD Case Dispositions
Chart 1 shows that 17 of the 109 misconduct complaint cases reviewed for this audit were SUSTAINED by SPD and referred to Police Command Staff for disciplinary action against employees.

Dispositions
Each allegation of misconduct shall receive one of the following dispositions:
13 Sacramento Police Department Internal Affairs Investigations Manual 220.01 Disposition of Complaints 17 4 2
86 0
5 10
15 20
25 30
35 40
45 50
55 60
65 70
75 80
85 90
95 Sustained Exonerated Not Sustained Unfounded

NUMBER OF COMPLAINTS
External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

SUSTAINED: Sufficient evidence supports the allegation against the employee(s).

NOT SUSTAINED: Sufficient evidence does not exist to clearly prove or disprove the allegation.

EXONERATED: The investigation clearly established that the alleged act occurred and was justified.

UNFOUNDED: The investigation clearly established that the alleged act did not occur, or the identified employee was not involved. This also includes frivolous complaints, which are found to be totally and completely without merit, or those for the sole purpose of harassing an employee.

Case Disposition Comparison
During initial review of completed misconduct complaint cases, there have been instances when SPD changed their initial disposition of unfounded to sustained after detailed discussions with OPSA. OPSA has also experienced instances in which SPD agreed with OPSA that the disposition should be changed to sustained but the disposition was unable to be changed due to issues with the timing of the case completion.

SPD and OPSA disagreed on the disposition of several completed misconduct complaint cases in this audit regarding Fourth Amendment Violations. The differences between OPSA and SPD completed misconduct complaint case dispositions are illustrated below in Chart 2. OPSA determined that 35% of the 109 completed misconduct complaint cases contained Fourth Amendment violations. SPD determined that only 16% of the 109 completed misconduct complaint cases contained Fourth Amendment violations. Pursuant to this audit, OPSA also discovered additional Fourth Amendment violations that were not discovered during the initial review of the completed misconduct complaint cases.

The largest proportion of completed misconduct complaint cases with sustainable Fourth Amendment violations arose from improper searches and seizures related to cell phones, unlawful detention during traffic stops, unlawful pat downs, and unlawful warrantless residential searches. These cases consisted of multiple Fourth Amendment violations. In each case, the evaluation of whether the officer’s conduct violated the Fourth Amendment was based on published Fourth Amendment decisions by the United States Supreme Court that existed at the time of the incident. Other applicable California state court decisions, California State law, and the SPD Search and Seizure Manual was also utilized in the evaluation of each completed misconduct complaint case.

External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Chart 2: OPSA vs. SPD Fourth Amendment Violations
Chart 2 compares OPSA and SPD findings regarding Fourth Amendment violations for the completed misconduct complaint cases reviewed for this audit. OPSA determined that 38 of the total completed misconduct complaint cases reviewed contained Fourth Amendment violations. Contrastingly, SPD determined that 17 of the total completed misconduct complaint cases reviewed contained Fourth Amendment violations.
65%
35%
OPSA
No Violation Sustained Violation
84%
16%
SPD
No Violation Sustained Violation
External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

In Charts 3,4, and 5 below, challenges were experienced categorizing the information due to more than one Fourth Amendment violation being discovered in multiple misconduct complaint cases.

Chart 3: SPD Sustained Cases
Chart 3 illustrates the breakdown of the types of Fourth Amendment violations in the 17 completed misconduct complaint cases.
0 1 2 3 4
Welfare Check
Warrantless Residential Search
Warrantless Cell Phone Search
Unlawful Vehicle Search
Unlawful Pat-Down / Search
Unlawful Detention - Traffic Stop
Unlawful Detention - Tow Procedures
Unlawful Detention - Subject Stops
Unlawful Detention
Probation Waiver Search - Residential, Vehicle
Probation Waiver Search - Residential
Probation Search - Business
Probation Search
Not In Plain Sight
No Probable Cause
Excessive Force - Cell Phone
Destruction of Evidence
Number of Sustained Cases
External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Chart 4: OPSA Sustained Cases
Chart 4 illustrates the breakdown of the types of Fourth Amendment violations in the 38 completed misconduct complaint cases.
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Welfare Check
Warrantless Residential Search
Warrantless Cell Phone Search
Unlawful Vehicle Search
Unlawful Pat-Down / Search
Unlawful Detention - Traffic Stop
Unlawful Detention - Tow Procedures
Unlawful Detention - Subject Stops
Probation Waiver Search - Residential
Probation Search - Business
Not In Plain Sight
No Probable Cause
Excessive Force - Cell Phone
Destruction of Evidence
Number of Sustained Cases
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Welfare Check
Warrantless Residential Search
Warrantless Cell Phone Search
Unlawful Vehicle Search
Unlawful Pat-Down / Search
Unlawful Detention - Traffic Stop
Unlawful Detention - Tow Procedures
Unlawful Detention - Subject Stops
Unlawful Detention
Probation Waiver Search - Residential, Vehicle
Probation Waiver Search - Residential
Probation Search - Business
Probation Search
Not In Plain Sight
No Probable Cause
Excessive Force - Cell Phone
Destruction of Evidence
Number of Sustained Cases
External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Chart 5: SPD vs. OPSA Sustained Cases
Chart 5 depicts the differences between SPD and OPSA’s breakdown of the types of Fourth Amendment violations for completed misconduct complaint cases.
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Welfare Check
Warrantless Residential Search
Warrantless Cell Phone Search
Unlawful Vehicle Search
Unlawful Pat-Down / Search
Unlawful Detention - Traffic Stop
Unlawful Detention - Tow Procedures
Unlawful Detention - Subject Stops
Unlawful Detention
Probation Waiver Search - Residential, Vehicle
Probation Waiver Search - Residential
Probation Search - Business
Probation Search
Not In Plain Sight
No Probable Cause
Excessive Force - Cell Phone
Destruction of Evidence
SPD Number of Sustained Cases OPSA Number of Sustained Cases External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Audit Findings
Finding 1: SPD Does Not Have a Current, Stand-Alone Policy Regarding the Fourth Amendment and Includes Search and Seizure.

The Fourth Amendment is implicated in just about every interaction between police officers and citizens. In addition, a violation of the Fourth Amendment was alleged in 109 misconduct complaint cases in two years. Therefore, SPD should have a search and seizure policy that clearly lays out the responsibility of the responding officers and the fundamental legal standards of detaining and searching a citizen.

SPD has a search and seizure manual. However, this manual is from 2007, and only generically describes search and seizure issues. It is unclear how SPD distinguishes a manual from a policy. This is significant because the United States Supreme Court, federal district court, and California state courts have issued several significant decisions pertaining to the Fourth Amendment since 2007.14 SPD should either update this 16-year-old manual or create a completely new, stand-alone policy that describes the specific instances of search and seizure issues that officers face daily. It would be beneficial for SPD to create a policy that addresses cell phone searches for arrestees and bystanders, the manner and scope of probation searches, the technical aspect of investigatory stops, and consent searches versus show of force.

Recommendations
• SPD should update its search and seizure manual from 2007. • SPD should draft a clear and detailed stand-alone Fourth Amendment policy that includes such things as cell phone searches, probations searches, investigatory stops, and consent searches.
• A sample policy from the San Francisco Police Department and Baltimore Police Department can be found in Appendix A.
14 The below cases were decided after 2007 and have significant Fourth Amendment implications:

Arizona v. Gant, 556 U.S. 332 (2009)
Arizona v. Johnson, 555 U.S. 323 (2009)
Glik v. Cunniffe, 655 F.3d 78 (1st Cir. 2011)
United States v. Jones 565 U.S. 400 (2012)
Riley v. California, 573 U.S. 373 (2014)
Rodriguez v. United States, 575 U.S. 348 (2015)
Carpenter v. United States, 585 U.S. ____, [138 S. Ct. 2206] (2018) People v Fews, 27 Cal.App.5th 553 (2018)
U.S. v. Landeros. 913 F.3d 862 (9th Cir. 2019)
Caniglia v. Strom, 593 U.S. ___, [141 S. Ct. 1596] (2021) External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Finding 2: Automatic Pat Downs of Citizens are in Direct Conflict with the 1968 United States Supreme Court Decision,
Terry v. Ohio15.

Unlawful pat down searches occurred in a substantial number of the sustained cases reviewed. For officers to conduct a pat down or stop and frisk of a citizen, the Fourth Amendment requires the officer to be able to articulate that the citizen is armed or dangerous.

From the review of body worn camera footage associated with the misconduct complaint cases, there were instances in which police officers assigned to the Gang Enforcement Team stated, "I pat everyone down" or demonstrated a pattern of conducting pat downs as an automatic police practice when officers encounter a citizen. In addition, the police reports associated with these searches rarely articulated what was dangerous about the citizen that necessitated a pat down. Since there is nothing in their reports to indicate that the officers do not perceive the citizen to be armed or dangerous, these automatic pat downs can be viewed as being per se unlawful according to the established law of Terry v.

Ohio.

Example One
SPD Gang Enforcement officers pulled over a citizen for going 47-mph in a 40-mph zone. In viewing the body worn camera footage, the citizen was not an apparent threat to the officers. The citizen was apologetic for speeding, non-aggressive, calm, and respectful in his interaction with police officers.

Although the driver was compliant, the officer decided to order the citizen out of the vehicle, conduct a pat down search of his body, and ordered him to sit on the hood of their car. There was no report and no articulation of what made the officer believe the driver was currently armed and dangerous.

In 1977, the United States Supreme Court ruled in a decision entitled Pennsylvania v. Mimms16 that officers have the ability to order citizens out of their vehicle based on officer safety reasons as a matter of course. However, this power does not automatically extend to conducting pat down searches on citizens once they have been ordered out of their vehicles. Even during a routine traffic stop, officers must still be able to articulate the reasons why they suspect that the person being patted down is armed or dangerous. Otherwise, pat down searches based solely on routine traffic violations without required justification violate the Fourth Amendment.

Recommendations
• SPD should require officers to articulate in their reports why they stopped a citizen and/or why they felt the need to pat down the person.
• SPD should establish a clear detailed policy on pat downs, investigatory stops, and investigative detentions. A sample policy from the San Francisco Police Department can be found in Appendix B.
• SPD should provide training to new recruits and police officers on investigatory stops, pat downs, reasonable suspicion, and Fourth Amendment fundamentals, in accordance with the newly issued policy.
15 Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968) 16 Pennsylvania v. Mimms, 434 U.S. 106 (1977) External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Finding 3: SPD Officers Improperly Searched or Seized Citizens Cell Phones in Direct Violation of State and Federal Laws.

The Supreme Court established in Riley v. California17 that warrantless searches of an arrestee's cell phone are unconstitutional. Searching the cell phone of a probationer without specific language in the probation waiver agreement allowing officers to search is also a Fourth Amendment violation. 18 Example Two
In one case, police officers towed a citizen's vehicle for his failure to consent to a cell phone search.

Federal courts have held that individuals have a right to record police officers in the performance of their public duties if the police activity is in public and the individual has the right to be there.19 SPD officers searched a citizen’s cell phone without a warrant and threatened a detainee with jail time for failing to allow the officers to search their cell phone. There were multiple cases reviewed in which SPD officers forcibly seized cell phones from bystanders who were recording officers in public.

Example Three
In one case, an elderly woman was outside recording several officers while they arrested her son.

Her demeanor was calm, and she was on the sidewalk away from the officers who were on the street. Without speaking to her or obtaining her consent, one officer grabbed her while another officer twisted her arm until she lost control of her phone. The officers then seized the cell phone.

Recommendation
• SPD should develop a clearly defined policy outlining procedures for the search and seizure of cell phones. A sample policy from the San Francisco Police Department and Baltimore Police Department can be found in Appendix E.
17 Riley v. California, 573 U.S. 373 (2014) 18 United States v. Lara, 815 F. 3d 605 (9th Cir. 2016) 19 The below cases recognized the First Amendment right to record the police and/or other public officials by the U.S. Courts of Appeals.

Gilk v. Cunniffe, 655 F. 3d 78, 85 (1st Cir. 2011)
ACLU v. Alvarez, 679 F. 3d 583, 595 (7th Cir. 2012)
Fordyce v. City of Seattle, 55 F. 3d 436, 438 (9th Cir. 1995) Smith v. City of Cumming, 212 F. 3d 1332-1333 (11th Cir. 2000) External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Finding 4: Rights of Non-Probation Citizens were Violated During Probation Waiver Searches.

The Fourth Amendment protects citizens against unreasonable searches and seizures. However, when citizens are granted probation, they generally agree to waive their Fourth Amendment right. When a citizen is on probation and signs this waiver, they consent to warrantless searches by law enforcement officers of their homes and vehicles.

Although probationers sign over their Fourth Amendment rights, citizens who are not on probation still have a constitutional right against unreasonable searches and seizures. In some cases, police officers are allowed to conduct warrantless searches on citizens who are not on probation. For example, if a citizen is in a vehicle with a probationer or seen hanging out with the probationer. However, issues generally surface in the context of the home due to officers searching an entire house and bedrooms that are not controlled or occupied by the probationer rather than limiting the search to the probationer’s bedroom and common areas. There were multiple cases where officers conducted a probation search of every room in a house or apartment, even those rooms that the probationer did not occupy or control.

Example Four
In one case, officers conducted a probation search on a car belonging to a citizen that was not on probation. The probationer was not in the vehicle and was not seen driving the vehicle.

Example Five
In one case, officers searched and detained everyone at a local business establishment.

The officers detained the employees and customers for over an hour and further detained them even after it was clear that the customers and employees were not a part of any wrongdoing.

There were cases involving warrantless searches being conducted despite the fact that substantial opportunity and time existed to request a search warrant. Instead, the officers relied solely on a citizen’s probation waiver to conduct the search. The SPD manual does speak to conducting probation searches. However, the manual excludes any reference to the limitations that apply when conducting probation searches.

Recommendations
• SPD should develop a clear policy defining the rules and procedures for conducting probation searches. See Appendix A.
• SPD should implement continuous education and training for legal updates, probation search waivers, implicit bias, and community-oriented policing. • SPD should train officers to obtain search warrants whenever feasible and not rely so heavily on search waivers.

External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Finding 5: Inconsistent Vehicle Tow Procedures.

This issue is significant enough to warrant a finding in this audit due to concerns with the unlawful detainment of citizens when police officers are towing citizens’ vehicles. There have been cases when citizens are allowed to obtain their personal property from their vehicles and leave the scene. In other cases, citizens were prohibited from obtaining their personal property from their vehicle and were not permitted to leave until after the tow truck left the scene with the vehicle. Whether the detainment is in violation of policy appears to be dependent upon which supervisor reviews the case.

Recommendation
• SPD should establish a clear policy outlining towing procedures as well as procedures for releasing personal property from their respective vehicles and releasing citizens from police custody when their vehicles are being towed.

Finding 6: SPD Does Not Have a Policy Regarding Handcuffing Minor Children.

Although this issue appeared in just one case, it is significant enough to warrant a finding in this audit.

SPD should have a policy regarding the handcuffing of minor children.

Example Six
The incident involves a ten-year-old African American female child who was scared and crying in her pajamas after being handcuffed and reprimanded by an SPD officer. The female child turned off the lights inside her home and failed to open the door fast enough for the officer. The female child was clearly not a threat to officers but was still handcuffed immediately upon opening the door of her home.

Although the child in this case was not handcuffed for a long period of time, this incident was obviously traumatic to the child and will certainly shape her view of police officers in the future. A policy outlining procedures in dealing with minor children would be beneficial to officers and lead to less traumatized children in the future.

Recommendations
• SPD should develop policy specifying handcuffing procedures for minors.20 A sample policy from the San Jose Police Department Baltimore Police Department can be found in Appendix F.
• SPD should receive continuous education and training on implicit bias. 20 This recommendation is not referencing juveniles arrested for criminal offenses.

External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Finding 7: Warrantless Entry into Citizens’ Homes and Conducting Searches without Sufficient Legal Authority.

In many circumstances, police officers need to gain entry into people’s homes. However, “the physical entry of the home is the chief evil against which the wording of the Fourth Amendment is directed.”21 As a result, “warrantless home entry is unreasonable unless it falls within a recognized exception to the warrant requirement, like exigent circumstances, which includes the need to render emergency aid.”22 Despite the importance of this subject, SPD does not have a policy for warrantless entry into homes.

Police officers are routinely requested to respond to the homes of citizens to check on their general well-being. For instance, citizens may ask officers to check on the welfare of a family member who they haven’t heard from in an unusually long time, just in case they are in need of medical assistance but are incapacitated. For decades, welfare checks were viewed as an exception to the warrant requirement.

Welfare checks were covered under the so-called ‘Community Care Taking Doctrine’ in the State of California until 2019 when the California Supreme Court abolished it in the decision of People v.

Ovieda.
23 In that case, the court ruled that police officers cannot make warrantless entries and searches into a person’s home under the theory of community care taking or under the mere possibility of exigent circumstances. The court held that officers must perceive actual exigent circumstances before making a warrantless entry.

The audit found that despite the 2019 decision, SPD officers still make warrantless entry into citizens’ homes. In some cases, SPD officers were observed breaking down doors or physically pushing citizens aside to conduct these welfare checks. These welfare checks are performed without documentation as to the actual perceived emergency situation. Additionally, SPD officers continue to perform welfare checks without any policies or procedures to protect officers or citizens. Numerous complaints have been filed by citizens alleging that officers damaged their property or were overzealous in conducting these welfare checks.

In other complaint cases, SPD officers forced entry into citizens’ homes to search for felony suspects.

Police officers searching for criminal suspects is a vital function of policing, but police officers are prohibited from forcibly entering citizens’ homes in search of suspects without a warrant or exigent circumstances.

Recommendation
• SPD should develop a policy for conducting welfare checks that encompasses warrantless entry into citizen’s homes. A sample policy from the Baltimore Police Department can be found in Appendix B.
21 People v. Ovieda, 7 Cal. 5th 1034, 1041(2019) 22 People v. Ovieda, 7 Cal. 5th 1034, 1038(2019) 23 People v. Ovieda, 7 Cal. 5th 1034 (2019) External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Finding 8: SPD Does Not Have a Policy Regarding Officers Interacting with Citizens Holding a Concealed Carry
Weapon (CCW) license.

Although this issue appeared in just one case, it was significant enough to warrant a finding in this audit.

SPD should have a policy and train officers on properly dealing with citizens who hold a CCW. As more citizens obtain a CCW, police interactions with CCW holders will become more prevalent. To ensure the safety of police officers and citizens holding CCWs, SPD must establish clear guidelines and tactically sound training protocols to mitigate unnecessary uses of force.

Example Seven
During a routine traffic stop for a tinted windows violation, the driver notified the officer that he had a CCW license and that he was carrying his weapon on his side. The officer immediately took out her weapon, held the driver at gunpoint in the low ready position, and called for backup. Several officers responded to the scene and tactically ordered the driver out of his vehicle. The officers took his firearm, handcuffed him, and sat him on the ground. Throughout the interaction the driver was calm and cooperative. Several officers remained on scene while the driver’s information was checked and CCW permit verified. The officers released the driver once they were finished with the records check. Although this is not a blatant Fourth Amendment violation, a clearly defined policy and effective tactics training for these interactions would be beneficial to the department.

Recommendation
• SPD should develop a policy for police interactions with citizens who have a CCW license and carrying their weapon at the time of the interaction.

External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Finding 9: Stops Based on Minor Traffic Infractions Such as Improper Window Tint with No Apparent Intention to
Enforce the Vehicle Code or Ticket the Driver Amount to Pretextual Stops.

More than half of the complaints received during the review period regarding improper search and seizure stemmed from traffic stops24. In many instances, the Fourth Amendment is violated when these "window tint" traffic stops get needlessly prolonged. In a 2015 decision, Rodriguez v. US25, the Supreme Court ruled that when a traffic violation is the purpose of a stop, the stop “may last no longer than is necessary to effectuate th[at] purpose”. The traffic stop can become unlawful if it is unnecessarily prolonged for an unrelated matter that has nothing to do with the purpose of the stop, even if an officer’s initial traffic stop of the citizen was lawful.

Although pretext stops are not a technical violation of the Fourth Amendment, they are extremely subjective in their enforcement. If performed without restrictions, pretext stops can deteriorate relationships within the community between citizens and the police. During this review period, every complaint regarding the conduct of traffic stops for illegal window tint was filed by a Black or Latino driver26.

In most cases, the officers did not investigate or question the driver about the window tint. The window tint appears to be a pretext to initiate an unrelated investigation that had nothing to do with the window tint. These interactions are intense and can become needlessly adversarial. Officers question drivers stopped for window tint violations about their criminal history, specifically asking if the individual has ever been in jail, arrested, or whether they are on probation or parole even though the citizens were only being stopped for minor traffic violations. Although asking criminal background questions during a routine traffic stop is not by themselves unconstitutional, they serve no real purpose, and are irrelevant to whether the driver violated a vehicle code or traffic law. Furthermore, this criminal background information is readily available to officers when they run the citizen’s driver’s license information. These types of exchanges can lead to the perception that the officers are dishonest and attempting to harass the drivers for improper reasons.

Example Eight
A driver was pulled over for illegal window tint and was observed to be in his employment uniform. The driver was ordered out of his vehicle, placed in handcuffs, patted down and detained for 15 minutes.

During this traffic stop, the officer conducted an investigation on a completely unrelated criminal matter.

The officer suspected the driver was involved in an unrelated criminal offense in the same area, but the officer had no physical description of the suspect. The officer did not have any information or evidence that would lead a reasonable officer to believe that the driver was involved in the criminal activity.

The officer made the driver call his supervisor for an alibi. Even though the supervisor confirmed the driver’s whereabouts, the officer continued to detain the driver. The officer did not release the driver until he consented to have his vehicle searched. The search did not yield any contraband and the driver was not cited for any violations.
24 See Chart 14 page 33 25 Rodriguez v. United States, 575 U.S. 348 (2015) 26 See Table 1 page 25 External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Example Nine
A Latino female was pulled over by SPD patrol officers for an improper window tint violation. The officer asked for her driver's license and the driver told the officer that her license was in her purse located in the back seat of her car. Without the driver's consent, the officer reached into the backseat, pulled out her purse, and then handed it to her through the driver's side window. The officer then quickly snatched the purse from the driver. The driver, still holding on to her purse, struggled to retrieve her purse from the officer. After a short struggle over the purse, the officer ultimately arrested the driver for resisting arrest. The officer then searched her purse and her car and found nothing. The woman had never been arrested before and did not have a criminal record. The officer had no legal authority to reach into the driver’s car or search the driver’s purse.

Recommendations
• SPD should eliminate the practice of pretextual stops or set clear restrictions on conducting pretextual stops. San Francisco Police Department has a policy curtailing the use of pretextual stops. See Appendix C.
• SPD should develop a policy for traffic stops. A sample policy from the Tampa Bay Police Department can be found in Appendix D.

External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Traffic Stop Breakdown
Chart 6: Type of Traffic Violations
Chart 6 shows the breakdown of traffic stops by listing the violations warranting the traffic stop. A total of 19 traffic stops were conducted due to a window tint violation. 0 5 10 15 20
Tip of Person Selling Drugs out of their car
Tinted Window
Suspended Registration
Suspended Driver's License
Stopped Pass Limit Line
Speeding
Sleeping In Parked Car
Ran Red Light
Probation Search of car
No Front License Plate
No Details
Investigative Stop
Illegally Parked Car
Illegal U-Turn
Felony Stop
Failure to Signal
Failed to Stop at Stop Sign
Expired Registration
DUI-Suspicion
Cracked Windshield
Broken Tail-Light
Number of Instances
External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Traffic Violation Breakdown:

Improper Window Tint Violation

94.74% of the traffic stops conducted by SPD officers for improper window tint encompassed the driver’s vehicle being searched. From the vehicle searches conducted, two firearms were located. Two arrests were made for Unlawful Possession of a Firearm. 26.32% of the traffic stops discovered drugs during the searches. The drugs were usually minimal amounts of cannabis, and the driver received a citation.

SPD officers reported the smell of cannabis on the driver or reported that loose cannabis was observed in the vehicle during these traffic stops. Because it is illegal to smoke cannabis and drive or have open containers of cannabis in the State of California, officers performed searches of the entire vehicle and pat down searches of vehicle occupants to determine if they were in possession of an illegal amount of cannabis. These types of searches are legal in California.

The audit revealed that this practice of making traffic stops based on improper window tint violations disproportionately affect Black and Latino drivers more than any other racial demographic. The table below illustrates that only Black and Latino males and females filed complaints pertaining to traffic stops for improper window tint violations.

Table 1: Breakdown of Improper Window Tint Violations
Traffic Violation Search Guns Drugs Arrest Citation Race Sex Age Beat Improper Window Tint no no no no no Black M 43 2B
Improper Window Tint yes no no no no Black M 48 1B
Improper Window Tint yes no no no no Black M 24 2A
Improper Window Tint yes no no no tow Latino M 24 2A
Improper Window Tint yes no no no no Latino M 29 2A
Improper Window Tint yes yes yes yes tow Latino M 53 2C Improper Window Tint yes no no no no Black M 41 2A
Improper Window Tint yes no yes no tow Black M 34 Arden Improper Window Tint yes no no no no Black M 43 2C
Improper Window Tint yes no no no no Black M 20 2A
Improper Window Tint yes no no no no Black M 29 2A
Improper Window Tint yes no no yes no Latino F 30 1C
Improper Window Tint yes no yes no yes Black F 28 1B
Improper Window Tint yes yes no yes tow Black M 21 2C
Improper Window Tint yes no yes no no Black M 31 2C
Improper Window Tint yes no no no no Black M 20 2B
Improper Window Tint yes no yes no yes Black M 20 5B
Improper Window Tint yes no no no no Black M 53 6A
Improper Window Tint yes no no no yes Black M 20 2B
External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Finding 10: Internal Reviews by Supervisors do not Consistently Identify Fourth Amendment Violations.

The audit revealed multiple examples of allegations of improper search and seizure that progressed through several levels of SPD supervision without recognition of Fourth amendment violations.

Example Ten
A citizen was alleged to have been in possession of a handgun. However, the officer can be heard on the body worn camera footage saying, "It was somebody in white, I can’t tell you who it was though - probably this guy [points to a guy in a white shirt sitting near him]". The officer then arrested this individual for being in possession of a handgun without knowing whether he had the firearm or not. A misconduct complaint was filed alleging the arrest was made without probable cause in violation of the Fourth Amendment. This complaint was reviewed by the area captain, and it was deemed unfounded.

The OPSA Director and the IG met with the reviewing captain who admitted to not fully reviewing the entire case. The arrested citizen sued the city, and the matter was settled out of court. It is OPSA’s opinion that this matter might have been avoided had the officer been better trained on fundamental Fourth Amendment laws and had the SPD supervisors fully reviewed the unlawful arrest during the initial review of the citizen’s complaint.

Example Eleven
Gang Enforcement Team officers detained and conducted a search of a citizen without apparent reasonable suspicion of criminal wrongdoing other than the fact that he was wearing a satchel. The reviewing lieutenant believed the interaction was consensual and submitted another case to the IG for review between the same officers and the same citizen that occurred two weeks prior. The second case was more egregious. Three Gang Enforcement Team officers tactically surrounded the citizen as soon as he parked his car in a parking lot. The officers observed no vehicle code or any other violations before detaining him. After a short exchange where the officers questioned him about the clothes he was wearing, the citizen asked, "Can I go finish out my day?" The officer responded in the negative. Since the officer denied his request to leave the interaction, this was a detainment or seizure that the Fourth Amendment requires the officers to have a reasonable suspicion of criminal activity. However, when the citizen filed a complaint alleging the Fourth Amendment violation, it was reviewed internally by a captain and deputy chief who found there was no wrongdoing by officers because it deemed a consensual encounter outside of the reach of the Fourth Amendment, not a detainment. The case progressed through every rank up to the Chief of Police before it was finally sent back for further review. In both interactions, the police officers clearly did not have reasonable suspicion of criminal activity to justify the detainment of the citizen. Routine training on investigatory stops, shows of force, and consensual encounters would have likely prevented this citizen from having his Fourth Amendment rights violated.

External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Example Twelve
SPD officers arrived at a local barbershop due to suspicion that one of the barbers who worked in the shop was in violation of his probation terms. The officers stopped the suspected barber outside of the business. Then ten SPD officers ascended into the barbershop to conduct a probation search, stopped the normal business, and detained all the customers and employees. The officers then searched everyone in the shop, searched the entire shop, and refused to allow anyone to enter or leave the establishment. This detainment lasted over an hour without any reasonable suspicion that the customers and employees were involved in any criminal activity. This matter went through multiple review channels, including the Chief of Police each finding that the customers and employees consented to the encounter. No one in SPD management identified any issues with the search or detainment of these citizens even though there was a United States Supreme Court decision that clearly prohibited these types of detainments and searches against citizens. Moreover, no one in SPD leadership had any issues with how the employees, or customers were treated throughout the interaction when the discourtesy behaviors were pointed out by OPSA oversight practitioners.

Recommendations
• SPD misconduct complaint cases investigated by the Internal Affairs Division as well as misconduct complaint cases investigated by supervising personnel within an employee’s assigned division must be investigated impartially and thoroughly to ensure the most accurate findings.
• SPD leadership team received supplemental search and seizure training on January 24, 2023, from the Sacramento Assistant District Attorney Office. Sacramento Assistant District Attorney advised that supplemental training would be developed specifically for officers. All SPD officers should be mandated to attend this supplemental training. • Police officers as well as SPD leadership should take cultural sensitivity training, fair and impartial policing training, implicit bias training, and constitutional policing training. A sample policy pertaining to these trainings from the Baltimore Police Department can be found in Appendix D.

External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Statistical Findings: Complainant Demographics
Chart 7: Complainant Age
Chart 7 shows the age breakdown of the complainants who filed the completed misconduct complaints included in this audit.

Chart 8: Complainant Gender
Chart 8 shows the gender breakdown of the complainants who filed the completed misconduct complaints included in this audit.
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Over 70
61-70
51-60
41-50
31-40
19-30
18 and under
Age of Complainants
Female
28%
Male
72%
External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Chart 9: Complainant Race
Chart 9 shows the racial breakdown of the complainants who filed the completed misconduct complaints included in this audit.
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
White/Caucasian
Middle Eastern
Hispanic/Latino
Black/African American
Asian
Race/Ethnicity
External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Complaint Location
Chart 10: Complaints by Council District
Chart 10 shows the breakdown of the completed misconduct complaints included in this audit by the City of Sacramento council district. There were not any completed misconduct complaints filed in District 7 and District 8.

Chart 11: Complaints by SPD Command Area
Chart 11 shows the breakdown of the completed misconduct complaints included in this audit by the Sacramento Police Department police command area.
0 10
20 30
40 50
60 70
Central and East
Command - Richards
Police Facility
North Command -
Kinney Police Facility
South Command -
Rooney Police Facility
Unincorporated Area
Number of Complaints
0 10 20 30 40 50
Unicorporated
Area
District 6
District 5
District 4
District 3
District 2
District 1
Number of Complaints
External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

From the corresponding police beats listed in Chart 12 below, the most traffic stops for improper window tint violations occurred in Council District 2. Specifically, these traffic stops occurred in the Raley Industrial Park neighborhood, Del Paso Heights neighborhood, Hagginwood neighborhood, and the Cal Expo/Arden neighborhood.

Chart 12: Complaints by SPD Police Beat Locations
Chart 12 shows the breakdown of the completed misconduct complaints included in this audit by the Sacramento Police Department police beat locations.

External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Chart 13: Complaints by Officer Assignment
Chart 13 shows the breakdown of the completed misconduct complaints included in this audit by the Sacramento Police Department officer’s assignment.
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Unknown
Protest Team
Problem Oriented
Policing
Patrol
Impact Team
Gang Enforcement Team
Detective
Number of Complaints
External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Type of Police – Citizen Interactions
Chart 14: Type of Police-Citizen Interaction
Chart 14 shows the breakdown of the completed misconduct complaints included in this audit by the type of interaction. A total of 65 complaint cases resulted from traffic stops conducted by SPD. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Welfare Check
Warrantless Home Entry
Use of Force
Undercover Operation
Traffic Related Stop
Probation Home Search
Probation Business Search
Investigatory Stop
Investigative Detention
Home Entry via Search Warrant
Domestic Violence Call
Disturbance With a Weapon
Number of Complaints
External Audit: SPD Misconduct Complaint Cases – Improper Search and Seizure

Conclusion
Constitutional policing is the mere foundation for ethical and lawful police practices that work to eliminate bias and seek to protect the civil rights of citizens. Constitutional policing practices adhere to the U.S. Constitution, court decisions, laws, and regulations. Proactively addressing unconstitutional law enforcement practices leads to more effective organizations making the necessary changes to build trust by strengthening relationships with their respective communities.

Police organizations engaging in unconstitutional policing can become potential subjects for investigation by the Civil Rights Division of the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ). The Civil Rights Division – Special Litigation Section conducts pattern-or-practice investigations to foster constitutional and effective policing. Patterns-or-practice investigations focus on systemic misconduct such as uses of excessive force, repeated stops, searches, or arrests that are unreasonable, and discrimination based on race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, disability, or sex.

Many of the findings and recommendations outlined in this audit report are not unique to SPD and include challenges that police organizations across the country grapple with daily. The negative connotation associated with the policing profession is a direct result of continued high-profile incidents of violence against unarmed Black males and females. The continued occurrence of unlawful stops, searches, and seizures could lead to disastrous results and more victimization of Sacramento residents.

Federal courts in the United States have held that a pattern or practice may be found where incidents of violations are repeated and are not isolated instances. Courts interpreting the term “pattern or practice” in similar states have established that statistical evidence is not required. Additionally, a court does not need a specific number of incidents to find a pattern or practice, instead each case must turn on its own facts. Clear, detailed policies aligned with effective training will assist in achieving constitutional policing practices as well as mitigating the identified Fourth Amendment issues.

While OPSA is encouraged by SPD’s eagerness to receive these audit findings and recommendations, OPSA’s expectation is that SPD acknowledges the areas in need of improvement. Our expectation as oversight practitioners is that SPD acts in good faith. True collaboration requires effective communication, mutual respect, honest dialogue, and ownership of one’s actions. SPD and OPSA working together will be crucial to ensuring the successful implementation and sustainability of the changes necessary. Organizational leadership plays a pivotal role in signaling change. Engaged supervisors who model the practices and principles in accordance with organizational policy and training standards. SPD supervision must recognize when officers are not in compliance and hold them accountable.

XICIN]ddV V
o;on1
(t) o
rnz
-l
\J
oa
il>
io#7J1
il )*:
e3-
67cz-
=r s-l
-ue
O
BcJ
(Do
't
cr o
Ch a
<) oo
!o
o11ozUt-
-l o.a€o
(lt o
o
t?=l
(DoHt
Fg
ct aosFa(?o
FI DForg0;xr+(D
Ft IaF(DoFt
zrt
3>
9tr
OP
t?c!
b'a
3o
P. ca
1B
oi D5 U2 J.
8g
ro
tsr
5b"
Ftt?
o(!
aDv
io
rEpd
.iBrg
eB
aa
rgF:r
F!
(D
O'U oo
5a
BA6aAB
VX
6!r
l:r
EE
PF {e:<
gg
sutl \i
sN
F? (1 f' -i liU
+TBTE
g F EIg
e I 3ls s(D+io o
o.tr
G
s8 s ga u)
(Dso
apo
e
ti= s?
6e.

A
ts; ogt P
oF I
aY (D
HH
g
i{o:Ir
5-(D
gs'
3 eeFn
F6 F
=^
(D
5'V v)
o5i
P
53 H
C)E)19
:I'U
F
- -
G
cH.
o
tl:aH Hi.v
:+b
o
E$
g
v\< aD
F> E
a8
3 E'O 5
d6g E
?)*t&o
L)
l. F.
€q
o
o+,
8EeH'
E.F
a
-JoFoo;
sFO\l
&-J
gE
--r zo
<rU
3-r
-toO€^
6:' F /s.
15s
€';
ox
D ctt
$J
E rrt
dm(DJ
6a
b>
n9
rr' z.Jpo
\o
(,
ooE
zn €lZ-Tzozavt N
TT zez-rzgzavt N
pau!elsns pau!elsns-aertsv
ov zer-TzozaYt
6€ L60-rzozovl N
paurelsns pau!elsns-aarFv
8€ 960-TZ0ZOVT

LE TLO-TZOZQV N
9€ 6S0-IZ0ZCVt N
s€ rs0-rz0zcvr N
bE zto-rzozovt N
palerauox3 pau!elsns-aarSes!c
€€ z€0-Tz0zovt
ZE I€0-rz0zovt N
papunojun pau!elsns-aarieslo
T€ 6ZO-TZ0ZOVt
gzo-rzozovt peurelsns paurelsns-aarav
0€
6Z szj-rzozovt N
papunoJun pau!elsns-aarEes!c
8Z rT0-rz0zcvt A
LZ €T0-IZ0ZCVT N
9Z z6z-0z0adwol N
sz 0€€-0z0adwol N
tz r0t-0zoadr{of N
EZ to) Ltz-ozot1d N
paleJauoxl paurelsns-aaJEes!o
zz rol IT€-0Z0Zrdl A
TZ t0z-0202'ldt^,tol N
0z 002-0202'rdwof N
5I T0€-0202'rdwol N
8I r0z-0z0adnol N
LI to) LLZ-IZ0cM\ N
paurelsns pau!elsns-aaJ5v
9T 092-0z0adWol
ST z9z-0z0adwol N
NI 8€Z-0Z0adwol
paurelsns paurelsns-aarFv
€T 96T-0ZOZ'IdWOf
ZT rol 98T-0202'rdl N
TT srT-0z0ad!\rol N
papunolun paulelsns-aaJdes!0 OT 6€T-0Z0adwol
6 8nz-ozozldv,to) N
8 6LZ-0ZOZ]dWO) N
palerauoxl paulelsns-aalSeslo L 9Sr-0z0adNol
papunolun pau!elsns-aarSesrc
9 z€E-0z0adNol
s 9Z€-0Z0adNol N
, zsz-0z0zrdrAof N
€ t8z-0z0adnof N
z r8r-0z0adNof N
I 692-0z0adNOf N
uo!leurolul
asEr
suo!l!sods!o
vsdo asel
suo!l!soos!o
ods asef,
uollelol^ N/A
luaurpuaulv
qunol
ods asec raqurnN
JaqurnN
papunojun paurelsns-aaJEesrc
6L T8Z-IZ0ZOVt
8L 8LZ-|ZOZOVt N
a^oJdsrp aql 'uo!le33lle
uolleuJoJut sein alqelle^e ol a^ord ro
strll Jalleul pallnllo ur tloz pue ou
pau!elsns
9LZ-|ZoZAYt N loN
LL
9L TLZ-TZIZAVl N
9L 892-IZ0ZOVt N
pau!elsns paulelsns-aalEv
TL s9z-rz0zcvr
papunojun paurelsns-aallesrc
EL zgz-Tzozovt
ZL ogz-Tzozovt N
IL ESZ-TZOZOVt N
ods alqeun ol puu uolleurolu! uo slql
papunoJun 'aseJ
zsz-Tzozovt N
OL
paurelsns paurelsns-aar3v
69 0sz-rz0z0vr
89 enz-rzozavt N
paulelsns pauletsns-aar3v
L9 L8T-TZOZOVt
papunoJun paurelsns-aeJSesro
99 98r-rz0zcvr
s9 s8r-rz0zcvr N
n9 6Lr-rz0zavt N
€9 sLr-tzozovt N
pau!elsns paurelsns-aarxv
z9 89T-rZ0ZCVl
I9 ngt-TzozoYl N
09 r9T-rz0zcvt N
6S 6SI-rZ0ZCVr N
9Sr-rzozcvt rr\Dndno lrv)t'ldnc rlvfndno 3t\0t'ldno rsv) 8S pau!elsns paulelsns-aartv
LS tsr-Tz0zcvt
A paurelsns paulelsns-aaJEv
9S LnT-rzozovt
paulelsns pau!elsns-aaJ3v
ss 9VT-\Z0ZAVt
ns s€T-TZ0ZCVt N
pelereuoxS paule$ns-aartes!c
ts 9ST-TZ0ZCVt
papunolun paule$ns-aerHes!c
zs 6ZZ-TZOZOYt
IS 8ZZ-TZjZAVt N
ods alqeun ol puu uorleuiroju! uo srrll
papunoJun 'ase)
N

LZZ TZOZOVT -
0s
A papunoJun pau!e$ns-aaries!o
6n tzz-rzjzovt
8t zzz-tzozovt N
LV sTz-TzjzQvt N
9n erz-rzlzovt N
si Ttz-Tzozovl N
papunoJun paurelsns-aaJtesrc w 902-Tz0zcvr
EV voz-tzozovt N
/!la!^al 'poljad aql lpne
saser gnq parrncro 3u1rnp
;eurEr.ro
s!r.{l ase3 se/vl lou papnlJu! u! aql
paurelsns paulelsnS-aatEV s9T-rz0zovt
OTT
ma!^aJ 'pouad
pa/vta!^ar pue pale)!pnlpe Sulrnp aql
aJojaq aql /v\a!Aal 'pouad l! se/v\
peJJnllo
1eu181ro
q8noqlly'sesec 1r
srql aser se/v\ lou papnllu! u! aql
papunoJun paurelsnS-aaJEesrO €rr-610adNof,
60r
807 tzT-zzozovt
N
LOI 080-zz0zcvt
N
papunolun pau!e$ns-aarEes!c
907 vLo-zzozQvt
N
g90-ZZOZAVI
s0T
paulelsns paurelsns-aaJbv
r0r LW-ZZjZAVt
pau!elsns paurelsns-aaJ3v
€07 6€0-zz0zcvr
peu!elsns paurelsns-aar3v
zor zzo-zzozovt
TOI 0r0-zz0z0vt
N
00r 8rr-zz0zcvt
N
66 vTt-zzozovt
N
86 80t-zzozovt
N
L6 9oT-ZZOZAVt
N
papunoJun pau!elsns-aaJ;eslo
96 260-zzozoYt
papunoJun pau!elsns-aarSes!o
s5 o60-zzozavt
n6 r8o-zzozovl
N
€6 6LO-ZZOZAV\
N
papunoJun pau!elsns-aarEes!c
z6 sLo-zzozavl
I6 eLj-zzjzovt
N
06 zLo-zzozovt
N
papunolun peu!e$ns-aaJtses!c
68 tgl-zzozovt
88 zgz-zzozoYl
N
L8 6S0-ZZ0ZCVT
N
98 nso-zzozavt
N
s8 zso-zzozovt
N
t8 0s0-zz0zovr
N
ow-zzozovt papunolun pau!e$ns-eartsesrc €8
z8 LZo-ZZoZAVt
N
rT0-rz0zovt l peu!elsns peu!elsnS-earEV I8
08 €00-Tz0zcvt
ei
.r,
(ho7
lnz
-.Jo
OA
t>
3(^)
# ;Dl
k+i
-?
-\
HPZ_ fr
d
-j €o
o3<.) ooo=
o
tT' ozU
:1-A)
-to
o)aot
(Doot
o
it=a(Dol-!
:gaasFaaoD
ct orgaI
taJ N
(D
r.l pg
F}F(DEor.t
7ts
3>
9t
a>
(?o
b'q
!1
(D

9. ca
1B
Ost D=t
fr,
-g
ro
5'g 50
it?oo
rDv xaD
rr:
(D=
DJ
.tl
=r9 p!i
da
rgF'Y
Ft
(D
AFo(D
!1'o
BA6AO.B
VV6Sl
ieoo- Aie
5<
SB
>GF9o
<NJ
(ro
t9
(,
oN(,
Es#$#lE
R+E$AIE
a 5 F s *lE
€+as*ru
Yg E 8
F
a l€ u 5
ts ii's€ d
fi+FH3.
gsFa5
I I se-E
i*FFF
fl$ls
BT;Hi
6'R'^
+
^iVV+ h=p9
$ $E€

1.?g H
ilo'3'F
r€"- 3
Ea'x3
d€ F€
8e. E
33E ;'5 .9
tB
*
H(D
st
(/)
-lFoo
-l
^- YO\l
oo Fj
8E
{aJ
|Jr LJ
N)-
qU
oO'6^
6F/A-
..c>*
\O
.i <-tr
D rtt
a)
-.1
$i3 trt
(DJ
o(n
b>
GQz
rr, z
-l ;
\o
L'I @E
fuole8psanul 'dols Jo ue 'lsarre u!-lou aql esJnof,
lo pasn sseSxa a^t A;peap-af,lol .ro
srasuo a^eq 'rouuol o6t sn ggt '(696T) aq] unol palnl sulell leql /v\el luaulasrolua ^
aql q]t lueupuatuv
'uopetal;e u1 ueqerg aql pnpuol Suluroraqun uogeta;1e lnq lou req pueq altq/n aqs se/v\ tultulg
'ilallJ+o CdS paulelsns
lla3 auoqd 1no Jo palloul req
'luaupuauv aJoH aql re3!#o paqsnd e ueuo/n pue aql qr? plnoqs aq paz{eue lapun ue Jal!#o pasn a^rssef,xa a3JoJ eql Sn eua:dn5 unof, seq pleq leqr suopetal;e leql paurelsns
papunolun aer8eslq -
rof 8€Z-0Z0Z]dr A
VT
srrlf asef, se/v\ paulelsns Aq CdS
paulelsns
96T-0Z0Z]dNOl A paulelsns -aar8y
€I
ZI 98r-0z0ztdWol N
IT str-0z0zldtAol N
'(agor)
'T
'S'n ZO€
'olr.lO
'n fu:a1 Aue s/v\el slql se/v\ ue alqeuosearun 'luauu!elap tu11e;o1n 'ranamo11 ef,uls aql elpau Jaqtuatu se/vl pauletap ut s#nlpueq lnoqlliv\ 'Jequau
aql raf,Ulo A;aleurqn paseelal eql erpau e
'eupl ue s,aalsaJJe aueu st lou turylur
'Janamo11 turlse .ro1 aqt elpauJ Jaqruau se/v\ Sullcul e 'auUJ l;pallocul po^arlaq leql
oql JallJJo ue s,aalsaJJe
'aueu uV JaJlJJo paulelap e elpeu raquatu roJ tu1>;se rol peulelsns
-aartes16
papunojun
6€T-0ZoZtdhlol A
OI
6 8tz-0z0ztdnof N
8 6LZ-OZOZ-tdll.tO) N
L 9ST-0Z0ZtdNOl N
alqeuoseaJ uolJlclsns s! ue 'anss!
Aue
llpq aql s,lueulelduo3 asual!l asnelaq aq paluerv\ ol qf,leas e rrlse;d teq lnoql!/vt q8noqqy s!t{l dots plp ]ou anlonul e 8op 'g1us aq1 sirar!#o arnlreJ ol anrS '(S1OZ)
'gtg
'S'n pallun salels SZS s,uo$nlesuoJ plalqs gsuge8e alqeuoseaJun 'salnzlas zantr.rpog 'l
eql eu!l pepaeu ol alpueq aql ralleur JoJ qllq/v\ aqt dols se/n apeu salelo!^ aql aqI pailun salels au.rardns yno3 Alluarar seq paleJelrei leq] e,, aorlod do1s tulpaarxa 8ug1e11u1 ue palelarun 'uolle8llsanu!
aql 're3 plaq oluo aql s,lueule;durol 'asuarlg pue pauollsanb ullq lnoqe e c1pe1d 8eq ol
lleq aql JaJ!#o uaql pelle/v\ aql JallJlo ueJ slq
'atueu lauv Sulnracal s1q 'asualll
'lull
/v\opu!/vl ue 1e8a111 srallJJo paddols lueulelduror rol slql se/vl e paSuolo.rd c1gel1 'dols
pau!elsns
pepunolun -aerBesg6
9 z€€-0z0ztdrAof A
s 9Z€-0Z0Zrdhrof N
n zsz-0z0zrdlAof N
€ of, r8z-ozozrdr N
z t8T-ozoztdNof N
T 692-0Z0ZtdlAOf N
uolletrltolul
asBJ
suolllsods!o
vsdo asef,
suo!l!socls!o
cds asef,
uolreloln N/A
luaupuaurv
qunol
raqtrlnN
JaqunN cds asef,
Jo Aue uo$ellpul aql uazqll se/v\ paule Jo
'snoJaSuep aql qrJeas
u/v\op se/v\ aql led asuaf,ll aleld pue paued
'u/v\op eq1 JaAup se/v\ paddols JoJ ou luol}
paulelsns paulo#ad lnoqll/v\
paleJauoxS -eaJEeslc A
€E z€0-Tz0zcvt
ZE rtO-Iz0zcvl N
6lol/v\el p€'lel 'gsT IgT
'su/v\op srallJlo Aluoqlne ol uJoyad led
'lana/v\oH aJau l!#eJl suollelor^ op lou lueJS pue paued utq 'u/v\op lef, ueztl!f, lno Jo pue ou asuatll
'aleld JarlJJo pajapro eql la^up se/v\ pellnd JaAo JoJ
leSalll
/v\oput/v\ lu!l
'(Ezsr) paurelsns
A papunolun -aa:tes16
620-rzozavt
T€
paulelsns Aq
'cds pau!elsns sll.ll asel se/v\
-aalEy
pau!elsns
A
gZO-TZOZAVt
0t
6Z szo-Tzozovt N
'luasuot uolleqoid saqllees ale palull ol suazlllt uo
'uorleqo:d Jlorll
uo uotleqo:d Jo uo a;ored pue plp lou aneq sJallJJO paqJJeas aql rrooJ Jo auoauos lou paurelsns
A papunoJun -aerBes16
nro-Tzozovt
8Z
LZ €r0-rz0zovt N
9Z L5Z-OZOZId}l'to) N
SZ of 0€€-0z0zrdr N
vz ?0€-0z0ztdhtof N
EZ Lrz-ozozldlr'toJ N
'lu3!f,ulns
A;;euounlusuof, aql ref, ol esllraxa
loJluof,
reno eql 'alcgqan aq1 qlJeas se/v\ lou
roJeau u! s,lueule;duroc asnoq se/v\rou aq ur Jo aqlJeau aruls'Jel eql uoslad se/v\ lou aql s,lueuge;duor af,uaprsar ur ar.ll
'Aervranup aq1 uoslad uo Sfud se/n lou u! eql
arr;o6 pau:oyad e SfUd
qoJees uo eql s,lueulelduol 'Jel aql Jef, se/v\ palled eprslno paulelsns
zz tol Tr€-0z0ztdl A paleJauoxl -aa;8es16
IZ t0z-0z0ztdNol N
oz 002-0z0zrdNof N
6I r0€-0z0zrdrAof N
8I T0z-0z0zrdhrol N
LI tOJ LLZ-OZOZII N
cds slr.lt asel se/v\ paulelsns Iq
paulelsns
092-0z0zrdrAol A peurelsns -aar8y
9I
ST L9Z-OZOZ-\dhto) N
'luaupueuv
uollPlot^ aqlJo qunoj osle e
le]!uqle] uol] aq] uazqD se/vl 'elqeuoseaJun ]! st
auoqd Aervre Surlcou>q aql
llar
'prepuels e3uls aql ra3!#o Surqsnd pue
,sseuelqeuoseeJ.
e aaJJ uazg!3 plnoqs aq pazA;eue Jopun aql qunoJ lueupuauv pue su Jaqlo ,arnzras. Jo IS SZZ-TZjZAVt N
alqeun ol pul} uorleuuolu! uo sul
'ese)
TZoZOV\
- LZZ N
papunoJun cds 0s
Sutpuels 'auole ]uallulns ol aleaJ3
luaua^lo^u! sr 'lou leututr.rc s,uosled .ro1.rd
e leql aSpa;rvroul 1o etuJo#lel sunos a^eq plar4
'plolal lueu!elduol plp a^eq e
leutultJf,
servr pature Jo
'snola8uep q8noqly alqeuoseaJ la)!#o a^allaq leql aql lueurelduof, plno/v\ eletu e aq,, sled auofuana op eleql',,u^ sp/v\ Surqlou lnoqe eql lueulelduo3 leql aql Jel pue pau.royad e 1ed
'u/v\op auo Jatglo uef, aq pJeeq Sur^es 1ueu1e;duro: 1no Jo sJal!#o pauJnleJ ol aql lel pue parapJo aql
,asuacl;
3u1uun.r aql s.lueule;duror
se/v\
'1uegldruof, ragy aq1 lueure;dulor
'Surpaads Ja^o JoJ lel!#O pa11nd lueure;duror
alqeuoseaJ
paurelsns
pepunojun -aarteslq
A
6' EZZ-TZOZOVt
8n zzz-Tzozavt N
L' srz-Tzozavt N
9V tTz-Tzozsvt N
9n rtz-rzozovt N
'(S1OZ)
'8t€
'S'n pailun salels SZS zantr.rpog
'l patuo;o.rd paddols ur uotlelor^ Jo
s1q1 paluasardal e
'spadsns aql lall1lo peq ou uorldulsap eq1lo fue18.rnq padsns lo ro] e fue18rnq raueu uele qtnoql lalgJo A;alerpauul ue8eq turletllsanut lueulelduor aql 'Jef, paped uurq 'urvrop pue paute}ap urr.{ u!
'slJnJpueq aql lueulelduroc 1no Jo
'uollelol^ eql Ja3!#o parapJo aql latl#o paddots aqt lueure;duoo loJ e /v\opu!/v\ lutl paulelsns
papunoJun -aar8esr6
A
goZ-rzozavt w
w njz-Tzozovt N
zv EOZ-TZOZAVt N
tn zEz-rzozovt N
srqf asef, se/v\ paulelsns Aq CdS
pau!elsns
ZET-IZOZAYI A pau!elsns -aar8y 0n
6€ 160-IZOZOVt N
sil.{f ases se/v\ peulelsns Aq cds
pau!elsns
A paulelsns -aelEy 8t 950-TZ0ZCVT
Lt TLO-TZOZAV N
9€ 6S0-rz0zcvr N
s€ vso-Izozavt N
vt zvo-Tzjzovt N
srqeuuel ur slq
'lall e unururru lunoue Jo
rasqlo pere^of,srp
poqtnolql uoplelalut pue aqf uezpD se/v\ luellduol
'lualllJJns aq} Jer se/v\
{a>1r1 1ou
peurelsns s!qI aseJ se/v\ peulelsns Aq cds
-aaJtV
paurelsns
L9 LST-TZOZOVt
'(sroz)
'guE
'S'n pallun satels SZS ul aql
'lec zantr.rpog
'n se/v\ pue pealsut pasnro, rtla;os uo leq/vt
Allua8lllp ful ol af,Jolua aql llrJerl uoqelot^ sral!#o plp lou se/vr 'paqlreas uaql aql rer
sla3ulo paddols e Je3 JoJ
'Surpaads aq1 s,pafqns aueu se/v\ unJ pue
-
paSuo;o.r6 do]s
paulelsns
-aarteslq
papunolun
A
99 98T-TZ0ZCVt
s9 s8T-rz0zcvr N
n9 6L|-IZOZAVt N
€9 sLT-rzozovt N
slqf asef, se/v\ paulelsns Aq cds
paulelsns
-aa:3y
pau!elsns
z9 89r-TZ0ZOVT A
T9 V9T-TZOZOVt N
09 IgI-TZOZOVt N
6S 6Sr-rz0zcvt N
9ST-rZ0ZCVr lIVf,ndno SIVftldnc trvftldno llvfltdnc lsvf 8S paurPlsns srqf asef, se/v\ peu!elsns Aq cds
-aa:8y
pau!elsns
LS tsr-tz'zovt A
paurelsns slll aspl se/v\ pau!elsns Aq
'OdS
-aar8y
paurelsns

L'T-TZOZQVI A
9S
pau!eFns Aq
'CdS peulelsns snll ase) se/v\
-eelty
paulelsns ss 9VT-IZOZAVt
vs 9€T-IZOZCVI N
(ZAgf TZ€ )
'S'n '$lllH 08t ua^a a^lsnllutuou slsal ale pallqgqoid euoztJv '^
aq Alaletpautut
'1ua:edde sa:lnba.r ]eq] aq] 3utteururJJu! JapeJeqo aql]o palqo lsnul
auulf,op u! uot1elot^ Jo a^lsnJlutuou queas o1 1aB alqeqo.rd aqt'asnel ureld tq31s /v\oul Jaqpq/v\ aql 3op se/v\ slaq Jo eql .reqto s.uos:ad 'top os eql rallJlo pa5al aq1 3op Alaletpauu.tg aql'rana/v\oH larlJJo plp lou asnoq allq/n Surur.ropad e aJeJla/v\ 'Ilaql
u! e sre3UJO paruasqo e top leql e uaz!1t Alqrssod peulelduroo lnoqe ul u1eld 'gq81s
]oN
puy 'snql
peulelsns
pelerauox3 -aarBes16
A
9ST-TZOZC]VI
€s
uos:ad Aaql a.re Suqred u/nop s! peule Jo
'sno:a8uep
sralulo lsntu e^alleq leql aql
'u/v\op se aql uleur uoseal ro1 aqg 1ed 8u1neq e
laqlles
eql uazp!3 ul aql 'uodar sJa3lJJo Ilel lnoqe Suraq paulle pue 'snoro8uep uololdsns 1o aqllo rel pue paped urvrop ]noqllm Aue alqeuoseat aql JaArJp se/v\ paJapJo lno paulelsns
ZS iZZ-TZOZCVt A papunolun -aalteslq
L8 6S0-ZZ0ZCVt N
98 vso-zzozcvt N
s8 zsj-zzjzovt N
n8 0s0-zz0zcvt N
'3urfuc
ol sJallJJo pue oq/v\ servr Aluo JaluJo pagncpueq plo-JeoA-61 or{/v\ se/v\ lou e lealr.ll paulelsns
-aa:3esrg
papunolun
A
ono-zzozavt
€8
z8 LZj-ZZjZAVt N
paulelsns Aq
'CdS peurelsns snll asef, se/v\
-aalEy
paulelsns
A
rr0-Tz0zcvr
I8
08 €00-Tz0zclvt N
'u/v\op Alalerpaurur lualedde ol eql raf,glo tuunp aql ted aql pafqo servr aJnzlas Aluo 11 aq1 arnleu
lo uolldaoxa sgguilad
.,1ea}
'(gOSf ure1d,,
)
uosrelllq elosauurl
'^ Jad l Alalerpaururl azluSoca: 'pueqerluoc
lallJJO plp lou
peurelsns
-earBeslg
papunolun
A
I8Z-IZOZOVI
6L
8L 8LZ-TZoZAV\ N
'uo11eEa;;e
slql raueu parJnllo u! pIOZ pue ou uolleuroJul se/v\ alqepe^e ol anold ro aq1anordslp paulelsns
LL 9LZ-TZOZOVt N loN
9L TLZ-TZOZOV\ N
SL 8gL-TZOZAVt N
paulelsns Aq
'cds paulelsns sil.{I aser se/v\
NL sgz-Tzozavt A pau!elsns -aar8y
panreuad ue8lxe
'^f,
lnoql!/v\
sJaf,!#O peoJo' Jraql Aervr apgsul preaq qtno:ql '3p19 e Aqeq turfuc lnq slql se/v\ lou aq] asnoLl
'auole auo JarlJlo ples aq pJeaq sroqqSlap pasr^pe
leql e a;3u1s a;eu sa^!l le
'auoq sjal!#o lua/v\ ol aql auoq ol lrnpuo3 e areJla/v\ 'loaqr lnq aql uosrad se/v\ lou paulelsns
-aarBesr6
tL zgz-rzozavt A papunolun
ZL ogz-rzozovt N
TL €sz-rz0zcvt N
alqeun ol pull uolleurolu! uo slrll
'asel
OL zgz-Tzozovl N
pepunoJun cds
osz-Tzozovt
69 peu!elsns Aq cds peu!elsns slql asef, se/v\
-aarBy
pau!elsns
89 EVZ-IZOZAVt N
paurelsns Aq
'ads pau!elsns sil,|l asef, se/v\
-aaJAV
paulelsns
A
5€0-zz0zovr
€0r
stql asel se/v\ paulelsns paurelsns 'cds
-aartV
pau!elsns
A
zzo-zzozavt
zor
IOT oTo-zzozovt N
007 STT-ZZOZOVt N
56 vrI-zzozovt N
86 8or-zzozovt N
L6
gjr-zzozovt N
tuasuor ol sjallJlo pallo} lteql Aelv\ aplsul aql asnoq Ja+e aqt luputelduol plp lou 'asnoq aq1 sJal!#o ele/v\ osle lou aJns I Aaql ara/v\ le aql lq31t pJeeq e ueuo/v\ '8urfuc
aq] Aaql'af,uaptseJ ou :aBuo1 q8noqtlv uaqrvr sias!#o pa^Ule le .turfur puno.r$;req
ol aql uoqelol ioJ e TIG Eueq dn tulryonur e ueuorn 8u1aq pJeeq ur eq] slel!#O lua/vt 'qf,reas a;doa6
'n 'epa!^O gW 'd pE Z9Z
(oroz)
paurelsns
pepunolun -aarEesg6 96 260-zzjzqvt A
(Oe6f
)
'€ZS Stt
'S'n
lroA
/v\aN
'^
uoy{ed uor}elorn }o o} qoleas aq} 8urn1;
'uoo.r uloo.r Suqntle qtleas luap!f,u! ol ue lsaJle
ala/v\
'lnJ/v\elun eql ec1;od paJalua eql ef,uoplseJ pue paAels u1 aql 3ut4; pue lsaJle aq1 fu1ua slq spueq era/v\ alqlsln aql eJtlua
'au!l
'le1
.lueJJe/v\
]ou aql rtralqns aql,o
e uosrad ]eLlt se/vr slaJUJO paJalua Sururrelo leqt Aaqt plnol ]ou aas aqt spueq Jo .asnoq
pue apeu fu1ua olur e eq1 sJaog+o ale/vt 3u1>1oo1 JoJ eq] patqns 1o
e Auola1 lueJle/vl
pau!elsns
papunolun -aa:tes16
A
060-zz0zclvr
s6
v6 T80-ZZOZOVt N
€5 6LO-ZZOZAVt N
dols pue papoa3old ol qlleas 'all!qan
lauorleqold pue palle/v\ ulq Ja^o ol aql tlJ+ell
pue paqqer8 aq1 TaJUJO aq1pallnd alf,lqe^ ra^o e
llolq uaql'Aervre lua/v\ aql
'alslqe^
1o aruasqo lueurelduoo se e :a8uassed r.lf,leas se/v\ ptle^ut asnef,aq aql aorlod plp ]ou aruasqo aql 1ueu1e;duroo of otul aql
'alJlqo^ aq]'snql uorleqo:d eql ra3t#o plp ]ou
paule$ns
papunolun -aa:3esrg
A
sLj-zzozovt
z6
T6 tLo-zzozovt N
05 zLo-zzozovt N
e
'uo:1ed V lueeS:as paqlleus e
lleo euoqd lno Jo aql spueq Jo peq 'pellnlf,o
ou Surop8uo:nn pautelap suolled pue slauolsnl loJ 0Z salnulu lage il se/'A lealf, leql altlod osle alqeuosear
'uotttdsns
lo
gseq uos:ad ug aql ssau!snq lnoql!/!\ luapuadapur
urvrop fuana AllturxoJd o1 e Suolrvr laop l,usaop anlt arrlod alqeuosea: uorrrdsns ol led ul e c;lqnd 'ale1d a:aur
'(626T)
'Sg
'S'n
'stoutlll ttt eJJeq1
'^
lela^as suotlelol^ lnq
pau!elsns
papunolun -aarEesg6
A
rgj-zzozcvl 68
88 zgz-zzozavt N
s9T-rz0zovr
OTT
peu!e$ns
-ealtv
paule$ns
A
'pouad
/v\a!Aal aql ilpne sase3 uq paJJnJf,o tul.rnp ul aql ;eu1t1.ro papnlf,u! slql aseJ setn lou
A
tof €'T_610Z1d1
60r
peulelsns
-aarteslq
pepunolun 'popad 1 servr pe/nal^eJ pue peleclpn[pe tuunp aqt .anar poililrn qtnoqly'saseo 1r paumJo aJolaq aql /u\e!^el u! aql
leultpo
papnllul slql esPl serv\ lou
807 tzr-zzozavt N
LOT 080-zz0zcvr N
907 papunoJun
A
nLo-zzozovl
pau!elsns
-eartes16
ale1sseJau e
'urvrop-1ed Eulpaads pue snql plp ]ou
slql sern e aulmoJ l!#ell dols .ro; aq] JaAUp se/v\ paulJe Jo 'snotatuep uolleJlpu! ]eql
led urvrop r{l!/v\ ou ue
Inyv\elun
rec;gg pauJo#ad la^up se/n pautle pue 'snolatuep
se/vla.raqg ou uolleuJolu! tulslnpe aql s!t{I se/v\ e aullnoJ ouJell dots '8u1paadslol s0T 890-ZZ0ZOVI N
paulelsns
-aalty
noT LW-ZZOZOVt A paule$ns slql eseJ setv\ peulelsns 'ods Effective:

Replaces:

3.08.03 4l78l20Le

3.08.03 le/tl20tsl
Forms
APD-31 - Property Receipt
APO-77 - Field Plan
APD-233A - Incident Report
APD-2338 - Supplemental
Incident Report
Table of Contents
I. Principles I
II. Policy 1
Authority to Search or S€ize 2
Search &S€izure Guidelines 3
III. Procedures - Search 5
Pre-planning Residential
S€arches Pursuant to a
Waranuess Search Condiuon 5
@nducting a Person, Property,
or Residential Search 6
IV. Procedures - Seizure 7
Evidence or Contraband that
May be Presented in Court 7
Contraband that Will Not be
Presented in Couft 8
Follow-Up & Documentation 8
Compliance 9
Chapter: General Operations
Section: Special Officer Activities and Operations
Policy: Search and Seizure
Authority: Penal Code 5833,512032L & 63453
Responsible for Updates: Division Directors
a/t8/zots
11t, r:a'!/,ral i.\' -'.t=. :',-i ,t.:: "i,:'_:' ),:: --.:.

Revision History: 9i 1/15; 1i8l15
I. Principles
The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees all persons the right to be free from unreasonable search and seizure. Even when the Court has imposed a warrantless search condition, all searches must be conducted reasonably to ensure that clients' rights are protected and that any evidence obtained through a search is admissible ifneeded for a Court proceeding.

II. Policy
The Adult Probation Department is committed to protecting the public by providing evidence-based supervision practices and enforcing Court orders.

Probation officets may use their discretion to employ their search and seizure authority for these purposes as dictated by law and as further outlined in this policy. Whether in the field or office, the safety of swom staff, the client, and the public is of utmost importance and must be a high priority in any decision to search. All searches - whether person, vehicle, or residential - must be conducted with at least two officers. The only exception is when an exigent circumstance search is appropriate due to a perceived immediate threat or danger to any person.

Ofiicers must always exercise caution and sound judgment to determine when it is lav/fuI, safe, and procedurally sound to conduct search or seizure activities, and to determine when it is preferable to collaborate with law enforcement partners. Officers always have the option to disengage from a search and take alternative steps, including but not limited to: leaving the scene, requesting SFPD assistance, having the client report for an office visit, consulting the SPO, or addressing noncompliance with search conditions per Rewards and Responses to Client Behavior Policy 5.02.04.

City and County of San Francisco Adult Probation Department 1of 9

3.08.03 Specral Ofiicer Act!'.riiies ancl O;terations: Search and Seizure Authority to Search and Seize
Officers may exercise their discretion to search as follows. l. Warrantless Search Condifion: All postelease community supenrision (PRCS) clients and many mandatory supervision and probation clients have warrantless search conditions for their person and property. Officers may exercise their discretion to conduct a search that falls within the scope of the search condition. Officers must always verifo-and never assumethat a client has a valid search condition and is still on active supervision.

2. Terry Search: To ensure safety, officers may conduct a limited pat down ofa person's outer clothing to search for weapons (Terry search) ifthe officerhas reasonable suspicion, based on specific articulable facts, which would warrant a reasonable officer to suspect that a person may possess a weapon. If the outer search identifies an object that the officer believes to be a weapon, the officer may reach inside the pockets or inner garments in order to seize the object. Ifthe outer clothing search identifies an object that the officer immediately recognizes as contraband, the officer may seize that item. If unsure whether the object is contraband, the officer cannot conduct a more thorough seach unless the client has a search condition or there is probable cause to believe the object is conhaband.i

3. Plain View Doctrine: An item that is in an officer's plain sight can be seized if the officer is on the premises legally (e.g., conducting a home visit) and the offcer has probable cause to believe the itern is incriminating.u Note: See below regarding SFPD assisance for evidence that may be used in Court.

4. Search Incident to an Arrest: After lawfully aresting a person, officers may search the arrestee and his or her immediate belongings, and may search areas under the arrestee's immediate control.-

5. Consent Search: In the absence ofor in addition to other legal justification, officers may ask a person's pennission to search. . Consent must be obtained voluntarily and expressly, not as the product of explicit or implicit coercion.'u
o The person may limit the scope of a consent search (e.g., the areas to be searched or the duration) and may revoke consent at any time, at which point officers must withdraw from the search.u

6. Exigent Circumstance Searches: The urgency of some sihrations may make a search reasonable under the Fourth Amendmenl In the absence of a warrantless search condition, officers may initiate an exigency search if there is a threat ofdeath or serious bodily harm or to aid those in distress.

Officers may not initiate other tlpes of exigency searches Oot pursuit of a suspect, imminent desfuction of evidence), but may assist law 2of9 City and County of San Francisco Adult Probation Department i,r,r,....,, j:'.,,,.,. .rl.i.:,.i'at,,:S..,'i, ,jr,.,. 1-;,1 .-r , SgafCh and SgiZUfe enforcement partners with such searches that arise during authorized field assistance.

Note: A standard warrantless search condition does not extend to electronic devices.d Officers have authority to search electronic devices (computers, cell phones, tablets, gaming systems, etc.) only if the client is on pRCS (pC $ I 5a6. I (c)(9)), a probation or mandatory supervision client has a clear and unambiguous electronic device search condition (PC g I 5a6. I (c)( I 0)), or the client specifically consents to the device's search (PC gl5a6.l(cXa)).

Search and Seizure Guidelines
l. Safety Equipmenfi Officers must always have their badge and Departnent ID on hand, and must wear puncture-resistant gloves whenever possible. For any search in the field, each officer must also have required field gear per Safety and Field Equipment Policy 3.04.03.

2. Person Searche: The officer who searches the client's person should wear puncture-resistant gloves and should be of &e same gender as the client whenever possible. Ifthe client identifies as transgender, officers should ask whether the client prefers to be searched by a male or female officer and should accommodate that preference whenever possible.

Officers shall not conduct strip searches under any circumstances.

3. Residential Searches: Officers must always exercise due diligence to be familiar with a client's circumstances, home situation, mental health, substance abuse, weapons and other history in order to determine any potential safety risk that a residential contact may pose. a. Residential searches must be pre-planned and case-conferenced with the SPO. Exceptions can be made when cause to search arises unexpectedly and the search can be safely conducted with the number of officers present. SFPD backup must be obtained as needed. b. Officers may search a residence in the client's absence if the client has a warrantless search condition and officers are granted access by an authorized resident of the home or a hotel manager if an APDmanaged housing unit.

4. Conduct and Disruption to Property: Officers must always demonstrate good judgment and respect for personal property. Disruption to a client's property or residence must be limited to only that which is necessary to complete the search.

5. Force or Reistance: Whenever possible, officers must use verbal deescalation skills to resolve any resistance to a search. Refusal to comply with a warrantless search condition should generally be handled as a technical violation per Rewards and Responses to Client Behavior Policy Transgender Clients
Transgender refers to a
person who is born with
genetic taits and anatomy
ofone sex but who selfidentifies as another sex. A
transgender person can be
preoperative, postoperative, or nonoperative.

When an individual is
identified as a tansgender
person, Department
employees shall respect
the gender identifi cation
expressed by the
individual. Staff shall not
inquire about intimate
details of anatomy or
surgical status; proof of an
individual's gender is not
required.

City and County of 5an Francisco Adult Probation Department 3of9 Search and Seizure

5.02.04. Reasonable force may be used to effect a search ifnecessary for officer, client, or public safety.

6. Scope: Searches must stay within the appropriate scope, which will depend on the search authority. The scope ofa warrantless search condition includes the entire residence ifthe client lives alone. Ifthere are co'residents, the search is limited to rooms that the officer reasonably believes are controlled solely by the client orjointly with another person; rooms under the exclusive control ofthird parties cannot be searched under the search condition.'"

7. Reasonableness: All searches must be reasonable. The reasonableness depends on the circumstances and authority to search. In particular, searches pursuant to a warrantless search condition could be unreasonable ifmade too often; ifat an unreasonable hour; ifconducted after a series of recent unproductive searches and there is no reason to believe the next search will be fruitful; if unreasonably prolonged, destnrctive, or unnecessarily intrusive; or for other factors that illustrate arbitrary, capricious, or harassing conduct.uiii

8. Children: Children can experience trauma when witnessing their home or loved ones being searched. In line with the Department's family-focused approaches, officers must make all efforts to minimize trauma to children during searches and to avoid conducting searches in the presence of children when possible. See below for specific steps.

9. Managing Third Parties: Officers may detain and/or conduct Terry searches on third parties in the course ofa probation search ifthe officer has reasonable suspicion, based on specific articulable facts, that the person has a weapon or presents an immediate safety risk. However, nonresidents should not be detained for the duration ofthe search unless specific, articulable facts connect them to criminal activity on the premises or ifthey would present danger to officers ifreleased.'"

10. Assisting Partner Agencies: With proper authorization (see text box), officers may assist law enforcement partners to conduct searches. Note that police officers have the authority to conduct probation searches without probation assistance or permission. However, staffshould advise police officers about the scope of the warrantless search condition.

I 1. Seizure: Officers may exercise their discretion to seize contraband that is in the officer's plain view or identified during the course ofa properly conducted search when safe to do so. Upon finding evidence that may be presented in Court, regarding either a new crime or a technical violation, officers must request that police respond and seize the evidence. Officers may only handle the evidence in extraordinary circumstances, such as to remove a weapon from an arrestee's person or if oflicer safety will be at immediate risk while waiting for SFPD response. If evidence is potentially dangerous (such as a methamphetamine lab or explosives), officers must City arrd Corrnty of San Francisco Aiult Probaticn Depai-tmenr Field Assistance
Authorization
Requests for field assistance
to law enforcement partners
require approval as follows:

L SPO approval ifassisting
SFPD or SFSD.

2. Division Director
approval if assisting any
other law enforcement
agency.

3. Chief Adult Probation
Ofticer approval for a
Special Operation (see
Special Operations with
Law Enforcernent
Agencies Policy

3.08.0r).

4. Under exigent
circumstances, offi cers
may render mutual aid to
law enforcernent partners
without prior approval.

Note: Department staff are
prohibited from assisting
Immigration and Customs
Enforcement (lCE) to
enforce civil immigration
laws, including any
investigation, detention, or
arrest. See Immigrant Clients
and Compliance with the
Sanctuary Ordinance Policy

3.06.01. 4of9
:1.;,'i.:i,l l:, i',.'-:' ,:, a '.,1-.i-s ; ;';. ;)'-;;;r;; . .r ::i: Seafch and SeizUfe get to safety and request SFPD response. If safe to do so, officers may also encourage or assist occupants to exit the building. DPOs must consult an SPO if unsure how or whether to handle a specific item.

III. Procedures - Search
Pre-Planning Residential Searches Pursuant to a Warrantless Search Condition
Pre-planning steps include:
l. Verify the warrantless search condition.

2. Run local and state record checks (including QCA, QRAP, QALL, QHY, QN, and QW) to ensure the officer has updated information and that the client is not already in custody.

3. Verify that it is reasonable to believe that the client lives at the search location, at least temporarily.* A motel room can constitute a residence if the client has legal and controlled access to the room.*i

4. Determine the client's history of violence, weapons, mental health issues, substance abuse, etc.

5. Whenever possible, identiff the layout of the residence, including exits.

6. Attempt to determine whether anyone who is likely to be at the search location poses a safety issue. If any third parties are known to be Deparfrnent clients or on parole, attempt to notifu the assigned DPO or parole agent ofthe intended search and coordinate or share information as appropriate.

7. Ensure that necessary field safety equipment and property envelopes/forms are on hand.

8. For field searches, complete a Field Plan APD-77 and provide the SPO/covering SPO with a copy. The team can complete one Field Plan, but must submit copies to each SPO if from separate Units. See also Field Safety Policy 3.08.04.

9. Case conference with the SPO. SPO approval is required to proceed.

10. Obtain any additional assistance needed, including SFPD assistance when necessary. Consider the team's ability to communicate effectively with limited English-language speaking clients or co-residents. o Brief assisting officers on the above information.
r Determine who will be the lead officer and direct all search activities at the scene.

Children and
Searches
Chil&en can experience
trauma when witnessing
their home or a loved
one being searched. ln
line with APD's familyfocused approaches,
offrcers must take basic
- yet important - steps
to minimize trauma to
children during
searches.

City and County of San Francisco Adult Probation Departrnent 5 of 9

3.08.03 Special Officer Activities and Operations: Search and Seizure Determine who will conduct a protective sweep of the residence, monitor subjects within the residence, and serve as the "furder" and "re@rder." Finders shall locate and describe evidence/contraband and recorders shall carefully document a description of each item, where it is found, and how it is secured (e.g., placed in a property envelope). a
Conducting a Person, Property, Vehicle, or Residential
Search
l. Ensure authority to search, depending on the circumstances (e.g., veri$ the wanantless search condition, obtain written consent, det€rrnine that there is reasonable suspicion that the person may possess a weapon, etc.).

2. Use effective communication, including motivational interviewing skills, to facilitate compliance and minimize impact to the officer-client relationship. Officers shall do the following when possible:
r Briefly explain the purpose and scope of the intended search. r Prior to a person search, ask whether the client has any sharp objects in his or her pockes. This is preferable to asking general or investigatory questions such as'Vhat is in your pocket,' which may elicit an incriminating response.

Note: For Miranda purpos€s, a client is in custody during a probation search because the client is not free to leave and may be the subject ofthe search.d As aresulg officers shall use caution when asking questions that may illicit an incriminating response without fir*issuingaMiranda waming. The client's statements may be admissible for a probation.. violation but may not be admissible in a new criminal proceeding.'u' See Advisement of Miranda Rights Policy 3.08.03.

3. For residential searches pursuant to a warrantless search condition, officers must adhere to all field safety sandards. The lead officer will ensure that the following steps are taken:
o Noti& SFPD dispatch via radio upon arriving at and when leaving the location.
. Double check arrival at the correct address before approaching the building.
o Before officers enter under the authority of a search warrant, arrest waftmg or warrantless search condition, officers must knock and announce their presence and purpose. Officers may enter the residence ifthe client refuses or does not respond after a reasonable amount of time, and the officers believe ttre client is inside;*iu most Courts require a minimum 10-20 second wait.*u The level of force must be reasonable 6of9 City and County of San Francisco Adult Probation Department !1,;:i-,al ,,,\ifrr..:: .Aal \.,ir.ie.., a,l(r Oite:: i:ii;,t: Seafch and SeiZUfe to the circumstances, and officers must have an articulable reason that immediate entry is necessary.
o Ask if there are any animals or other people on the premises. o Make a protective sweep of the common areas and areas in which the client has exclusive orjoint control. The protective sweep can extend to other areas ofthe residence, such as a third party's bedroom, only if there is reasonable suspicion, based on specific articulable facts, which would warrant a reasonable officer to suspect that there may be a .
person on the prernises who poses a danger to officers or others.*' . The client may be handcuffed for the duration ofthe search when circumstances warrant it for safety purposes. Refer to Handcuffing Policy 3.08.05 for guidelines.
. As stated above, a non-client third party may be Terry searched or handcuffed if the officer has reasonable suspicion, based on specific.. articulable facts, that the person presents an immediate safety risk."''

4. If a child is present, make every effort to conduct the search in a manner that minimizes fauma to the child.

5. If the client is uncooperativq the officer must handle the matter reasonably and in accordance with Use of Force Policy 3.02.01.

6. If the offficer believes he or she has identified evidence of criminal activity by a third party (including a juvenile), the officer shall immediately call for SFPD response and may not ask incriminating questions in the meantime.
7 . lf at any point the officer believes that he or she has identified evidence that the client has committed a new crime, the officer shall either read the client his orher Miranda rights prior to proceeding with questioning, or stop questioning and allow the police to proceed with the matter. Any Miranda violations may result in evidence being inadmissible in Court.

See Advisement of Miranda Rights Policy 3.08.02.

8. Ifexposed to any hazards - such as a needle prick, potential communicable disease, or dangerous chemicals - officers should immediately notif the SPO and seek medical attention as needed.

IV. Procedures - Seizure
Evidence or Contraband that May be Presented in Coutt
Upon finding physical evidence that may be presented in Court, either regarding a new crime or a technical violation, officers must request SFPD response and allow SFPD to process and take possession ofthe evidence.

Officers may detain the client while waiting for SFPD response. r. ,E ":3
City and County of San Francisco Adult Probation Department 7of9 .
'. : .
:, .:::,: ,. :1. . :. Seafch and SeiZUfe
To ensure chain ofcustody, officers may not handle evidence/contraband that may be presented in Court except in extraordinary circumstances, such as:
. To remove a weapon from an arrestee's person.
o If ofiicer safety will be at immediate risk while waiting for SFPD response. Officers must meticulously document the details of the seizure on a property receipt and designate one officer to take possession of iterns and bring them to the nearest SFPD district station.

Contraband that Will Not be Presented in Couft
For contraband that will not be presented in Court:
l. The recorder shall document each item seized on a property receipt (APD3l) or stabilization housing room check form, ifapplicable. Provide the client with a copy and place the other in the client's file.

2. One officer shall fill out a property envelope and place the contraband in the envelope; if too large, secure the envelope to the item.

3. One officer shall take possession ofthe contraband and bring it to Southern Station or the nearest district station for processing. Obain a receipt or copy ofthe property log (to be retained in the client's file) and an incident report number from SFPD. Ifthe officer at the station does not want to take the contraband, request to see a sergeant.

Follow-Up and Documentation
l. Ifresisance, forcg injury, or other issues arise during the course of a residential search, the lead officer shall coordinate debriefing with the SPO and Deparflnent search team. The SPO shall follow up as appropriate ifsignificant training or procedural issues are identified.

2. Per Incident Reports Policy 3.02.04, the primary reporter shall file a Deparunent Incident Report APD-233A within one business day of each person, property, residence, or vehicle search or seizure, with the exception ofstandard security screenings during home visits, at the Community Service and Assessment Center (CASC), or at the Bayview office which do not result in seizure. Note whether the client was cooperative.
. Ifany items were seized or an issue arose (such as force, resistance, injury), all involved officers must submit a Supplemental Incident Report APD-233B to the lead officer's SPO within one business day.

If force is used, refer to Use of Force Policy 3.02.01.

3. Place a copy ofthe property receipt and/or SFPD receipt in the client's file.
8of9 City and County of San Francisco Adult Probation Department ::.1:'.;i-.a:l -: .:: .''".a:.'.,11.,:f, ,:ill i-r-,.;-,: .., :,. Sedfch and SeiZUfe

4. The lead officer shall document deails of the search and/or seizure in the Department's case management system, including:
. Reason and legal authority.
r Date, time, and location.
o Evidence or contraband seized, what agency seized it, and its disposal or storage.
o Lab results from seized items, ifapplicable.
r The Department Incident Report number.
r The SFPD Incident Report number, ifapplicable.
o lfa transgender client, document whether the client prefers to be searched by a male or female officer.

Compliance
The Department strives to adequately train all staffin order to ensure that staff are successful in carrying out their duties in a manner consistent with all federal, state, and local laws and all policies of the Deparrnent and the City and County of San Francisco. Violation of this policy will be reviewed on a case by case basis, but may result in discipline, up to and including termination, in accordance with appropriate progressive discipline policies and collective bargaining agreements.
'..Terry v. Ohio (1968)392U.5. l: People v. Lee (1987\ 194 Cal.App. 3d975; People v. Thurman (1989) 209 Cal.App. 3d 817 " Hanis v. US. (1968) 390 U.5.234; Coolidge v. New Hampshire (1971) 403 U.S. t143; U.S. v. Giantetn (t990) 909 F.2d 571 "' U.S v. Martin (1950) 183 F.2d 436; Chimel v. Califumia (1969) 395 U.S. 752; U.S. v. lltorlonan (1978) 585 F.2d 1205; Illinois v.

IaFayeue (1983) 462 U.S. 640
" Schneckloth v. Busmnonte (1973) 412 V.S. 227
u
.Pace v. U.S. (1990) 893 F.2d I 103
't..Riley v. California (2014) 5?3 U.S. 783; U.S. v. Zara, No. 1,1-50120 (9'h Cir. 20l6) di..People v. woods (1999)21 Cal.4d' 668 iii Gri11in r. Wsconsin (1987) 483 rJ.S.868 h re: Anthony S. (1992) a Cal.App.46.1000' Peopte v. Reyes (1998) 19 Cal. th 229 t People v. Thwman (19S9) 209 Cat.App. 3d 817; People v. Gtaser (1995) l1 Cal4b 354; People v. Matetski (2N0) 82 Cal.App. 4t 837; Mtnhler v. Mena (2@5) 544U.5.93; Sanchezv. Canaks (2009) 574F.3d 1169; People v. Rrbs (2011) 193 Cat.App.4d 584. *
.People v. Mason (197 l) 5 Cal.3d 759; Peopte v. Biddinger (1996) 49 Cal.Rptr. 2d 9l; People v. Downey (2011) I 98 Cal.App.4s 652 " U.S. v. Franklin (2010) 603 F.3d 652
".i.People v. lVilson (1968)268 CA2d 581; People v. Fanis (1981) 120 Cal.App 3d 151. "" People v. Cressy (1996) 47 Cal.App.4o 981 *' People v. Rosales (1968) 68 Cal2d29|,PC 844 n.IJ.S.
v. Altende (1973) 486 F.2d l35l (9'h Cir.)
*'i..Maryland
v. Buie (1990)494U.5.325; People v. Ledesma (2003) t06 Cal.App.4o 857 *' People v. Thurman (1989) 209 Cal.App.3d8l7; Muehler v. Mena (2005) 5,14 U.S. 93; Sanchez v. Camles Q009\ 5?4F.3d 1169 City and County of San Francisco Adult Probation Department 9of9 (6>\.c CCtl,
-E6
g':(g
6 6iJ.:€€
oiE o * g ;
;iEe
sA€$3E
eE
-

6.Q-*aE
v\v.-Jq
Eo()oh
H $E €E:
sE
qlob*Es
t:€
g'F
6 b 5 3 F E:
: E b,8ESS
EE#E H E
$
E
ao'F0)vi9>
9qEt-ruE F g g
F
=s
sE
g-E gF
E c.E -q
(s Fo.93 3b b5
8E,.EagE
a
PHE
EFiEE€}
+EEt
8;E
EEs88:E
E RE
e
.= E3:gFEH
FEEE*98
o.!2 =; =
(5
L(5(, -)!r
€; *gais
i 8;E=oFE
o!
d>6(U(u g
E E.i;
g e€?
te;
;.e*cc
FQ 9(,b* a
(D
S F e-=
E rEs
;E fr':
- !u >E (l) R= o
e Oc=
; E1E
Ec c.9
i.i- c.s2
f
EE
--(Uij(u
E5I
E
ScEila
H gHI;3
.=H 5>E O E o-'=s
?:fi Ei
--tsV
^
9(5bRE :lO - O- V!
- ^
F
r$gEE
;E
t
$
,fr
E=-'gE
! F 8.e
s
Y-u-v E*FE$
e6 g€
Eg€E$
(g
c,ioo
a
g--c
o€
.= ts EE aLi9€
(5
E
EEbq O OE
gPE
E
.E 5I e u;
-E
q!6
F gE
=
8,
s e6 gB
3I oEE '6 c EE.o '
;i= oc
a
bbF.a
3FEt
F:i b u.E
=
6oE=0)
-(/)€ o)
e
HHEaP
*g,SS
= E.iE
t
ep 9 Ee
o
pcbogt
>. o or.E
bEc.c Q L L
--
g
'PFEs .g ; do'=
'->
gEibe (E- (5
E E
=E
E.

E_dg
frHBgg
?s
r6:E
3 .c€€e
5 I9'= oE
5:- tgg
=
- BE.*
o
(s (UY>
€€
LLALg
FE=
$ d gn E
r 685
8 o= o
o Ei
(tr
6a>9
otrOs-c
or c o)
s
ESFi
.e8'3x
tE9p
!;E c o 6-S
€ saA
8 -.Eolo
E=-E
b 9'. ZO-VCD G
o 9i>
r Js
t
o-.9 a : O.: -i -
{ Esf 'tr 6 s.g ! o >-t
*
o2\'(
P,OO o-l- c
F5
€d.sI
sE
: F:EE 4= oE
H g€
E
!
s'fiigA!
e 6E;
.d E
h
ur.g
9*bdE
PYgF
(1)
o
o_-c c
E.fr E:
'5 (l) c$
E
rl-OJ'
(s oE
EE
=
F
6E:€oot
IU
o. tzo
o- J
uJo
t EE€ si
5 5
;$fr€EE
";.9
S a
F
fr 5 6e
= i
?s3gE
;t5EgFe
eAe a e
a
F.*
FU)^Xo>.E
E6E;EE€
#gg€83
FsSsEH
$EE *.8
EgE A:fi E
o
gEETgFE
3€?8.=EE
EiEgE?t
6'= o Fa
o
HE1')9(E.=>!>,9? s# 6 or
A€E* HE€
#iEg AF
F ol =l
EI
o-l
ol
6l
url
tLo

0.o
(tooo
tn
taoo\o\o\o\Eo\
LoI
IIFFFN
FobN$
o-o
o)
c)
o
ILoaLJ
t!LNoN
rF
It
q) ooo
o-5
-o
.2
-c
2E
utZ
oo
F00
3f;
ur(J
n,H
9oL
ut
ILI
ul
3H
it
Ilo
E=
gi 2t
-O
U)3
b-oo
9 gab o (g
_9b
-F-or€E
b
=
H5
s=E
p
s $
€= E=g*
€
-
>!- A
=
8E
=
PF
€e:
gE€$ej4
!gf
g
.!o.9b=6
F H A; E
e 9.e 3sr
bcl- 6 9=.
b5 6=E
g
a€€E ES a @aeaa
g € =:.-s
;
k
(,E (/) v
O
X-x 9'= q i
'E
8-E:i
beE dE i=;
pb.,Pt EP
:=EE; a *.=
E F E g:E
8 i F: 3 iE
g
qrH ,5 5;8
e
€gEfiEE€
ffigE;.FE
qX s€=
E
F.9 E 6-c 6,n
i E ueE:
s
c aEcE as
(5: iis
F
cErSO
K;SH
P:? g'< c c) o c== o o.=.E
o sgE -
FL
.g'a:

E
-Ol =EEd'
_c.ur--
.YC
t
o9.EE
.=gtL
f o)-IEE€ R,
O L
>'.lg
E
-(U G6
q E6
"-
r:E
$
o= o-s
o! E;q5
,;ila#
x.= O-*
-
o
or?E
r83eb c y/'- (,)
'E E Pc sj
:
5tt^s
ir---A\
$
q€
E
'=
L>El8st
f) (,) dr.=
F H"EEE
6 a:3€g b P FSE HE A
s E [-aE
t X.eE
s
I o* Ea)
gFEEA
TEAEI
g)@ o U) o >ra a (s go-cc-tE(/.) -
E
'=Evo=;oo.L
u sEE s HE€
E FgE: *gF:
8-E E I e,s ?9'
E:gl
;;5E€rgEE
F;; a3
E $ s:; F bbs
€€f;Esi€'E € g; *E E 5;1F
g
=g
E E cEE'r
ff;;F€ee: I
;,al€ *g€Fa
E$; E:E bEE
;e s.g;e ! sr
e*# EE EEeEr
ti:+ Ae* s fn
f
EiaEH€FEna
E?= E;=; FE
E 1* sc
=
F;:E
i s€€ EE sEE;
o.tu9 9 9'= o b bp
eEEil -:
=€
F
$EEFEE*EE
g
o
.9
-9oo
CLI F
-co
.co
:tC
(sbEooc
.oCo
(soE
(-) o
(sCE-o
ttLoLGcEoLoooo=
o- oLoosoopo 8I
co(5(E(/)
sl=E
E:;
BHEt'"
[fi
B.u€
;E$€;
qP.96ot
p'-8Fo
1a
tu.Q olt€
Eg€ E i
h oo
*(E
EE 8*E
gE€
=gO-€
Eg
E 3F:$
.0 3 9 o"
€u) PE=
ggaE
A
EE
g gE
)rO* p
g
clEo Efi:[E
gEE;g
o
-
f s€ a€
o.6
l-tsOr
EY
c
63;;
ocaooo
*
o* (g v x
i Xf gil
S'.3: E
t
E
o,,too! -'^-LLL
s 5 A8
g
gb
-L
8E
-'1
EC
9or
>€
Ei
Y(E
o)
=58 s'=
?Eg
>c
-cE
.g.()
-c(s
(s.S
9 r'E
d:E
FEQ
a.;-9
.ij:tu
P
(5.F
L
=-E
o
=
bs
E
:Ut! @aq.
--o:
€ob
e3
I J-
(s
'rg
589
0-o
f
'E
O
L
99cl >.-
h.s
gBo
(Dig
9 <'6
"c(u
-q)
, o)6
'E
Ege
tgE
aE
I si
-.9
c
L
.s5b
aVB
oob qiE
gt
+
=E
EoocP
- (5(5:
(, \u
g
ox(l)
E=o
.EFe
-E
co
L?icr
n>o
-oi;>
.'#
E
5 9e
9'i
o
6 >c6)
q,E
6E
g6g
e;e
LL
!-o
g
f
tEeo!
!2
!c)

3.?
c(5
aF
CDE
O
".9'6c'ro)
E
>(59
Pb U)o g
E= I
o.=o=
'zeE 7=O
PL
<-E E HI -o>
EE
g*
E@.
u
O
v-=
F-c€F
>E
=
6 E 8e'E tr .=(l)
5 9E-c
I e€; ol
ol
trl
YI
(6l
ol
ol
ol
url
u--l
zl
Fl
el
zl
@l
E
IE
ut oNobNt
ut
6H
9oA
ui
c,
=o
z=
uz
oo
FOU
bH
=<
>c,
EZ
>o
ti
-o
lrlll
Ii
i2
IloEo
(, FFFN
=E=E
ILo=tot
ut ofg=IIJ
tuzF
E *ro
.Y
96eCLtr
EEIL
()(1,0
x
xx
x
lroE
(v)
(t
o)
x
xx
o=
.N()E
ooo
trtro €sr oo
x
x
?faF
ILIFozo
oE8
G9 =oo
xxx
9g
c
HE e
&, &.4
t< t<
F(J >o
a-z
UJF
bE
6)c
(E
Z" Ooc
(uo
IL
.9Eso
.Eo3
CUoao
o- Coo
.9)
3o
(E
o. o
C, a
(L
(EI oo3C
U)o
(Uo
-coa
Lo
v,
>'t
oo
'=(U
o'E
oEao
o-IEo
o-(U
Y()
E>
oooo
-ob
c)-'
6a
>c
--g
o()
E=
@A
o_
e(S
EOgb
F(/)
+Jo
qc L
U)
.gEooLE
.c
.E
o)
-coE
.g
.EJEo
(',
(E
(sc
lC
o
"E
o'=
PE
otr
ob
oU)
r€
.(,)L
Ri?Y
O)
<E
+8_
-Yc
ol
el
llll
ol
FI
>l
lrtl
al
o6
Ftr
oh'<i=
>o
oo
-o
'ri
oo
cci
-o=
Hi
Ea
6;
-b-
@a
o-o
(l)-
()-c
:=(U
.9oc
.x
-q)
'1('
OE
p@
(')f
(/)6c
rF 3p
CG
.=
<-3

3.:

E'6
tr5
g;'E
?pg
l_o
rO
(s
.9 s.= o'= tr
.E.:

E
3e
8 o6
a
EJJ
oP=d
'!
Ftr
=_v
a
li
o(5u)
--
L
<g
o_
OE
P
o *.E
c.()
('=:
6(EEH
ofl
-
U-6.@
E':
ourc
(U
Oz:

Eoc
O
o
€-
sg+
Fo
€
L=a\
EE
P 3.e
E
n!D<u =oi

9.8 6O h
coX
=
-9E o (s-O
^L c=
(E
y
l< 68
t
-c
gE.iE *
-6
3 (U
=r=
a
-e.YE (u(uoo

E'F, P-
(5* atk
g
-O=X
du,
g
(E;i o
s
;5=
E
o o=
o O€:i C
$sEEL
=OOt? J
--
V
o E-O-L
--o
'b'Ei
o:

I
FHHX
at6
E uef
(l) (5 t-c
cl.;
gs5ff
i^=tr8
tE99
esrE
(Il tl)
! E
gH
lt (U= >
€E
=a
ir 8€
cft
A- =(5 =>
oo
oE
.=<
'7a EEo_
OE
oc)
aP
oL
Lq
E_g
()
EE
.q'rft
9ar
-c) =(s
-cf
ao
rO@=4,
(nh
cu o
crn
eE3
O)
.9. z .c
ijd *
'=5 €p;*e
L
(sC(u
(/) >\
o
888
LL
.o(s0)
t+ o-(D
5 sr
J..=TE:
tEb
6f'g
*oE
o-m.Y
PP:
,uEb
6ij
vts (u
x >,.!
oE C
:l .> '-
i 8E
coL
G=
or-
(')
c)c
lt
c) L
o, oc
ttoLoX
o- oaa
.9
--o
o)
.c(U
c)
'E O)
.-
Eo
-L
.og
cc
(s0)
_f
OGc
sr
OH
}E
lEtva
o(5
(J-o O:=
o>=a
c(E
OJ =v,
(J6

6.s',

6.o
ii
r,lE
oc)
EC
B5
g6
o-A
o(5
c)o
(E.E
gb
(u Jo
aO
Et)
i/)
6 EE
5or
-o)
.N
o:

Ei
..:
()f

6.>
Fo
a)tr
bo
oc)
LL
8p
9=
=o
C):

EiE
c;
#L69
FO
vA
(uEC,
tlt
ob
a-
€()
(g()
€J
(gt
e6
(/)(s-
'6
o^s
-o.9
Ho
oo
JoEB
OrE
(g(l)
sg
l==6
of
g(s
a-9
oc
:'b
>a
(s(D
gl
of ol
ol
sl
LI
(El
FI
ol
FI
cl
ol
ol d
trG
gt o
F)obN
It
ZE
uz
oo
Fcf
3#
>E
ur(,
6H
9oc
Ui
3i
-o
ILul
Ti
i2
Ito
c2
>o
gdAo-
(, FFFN
5(l)
t(/)
(l) e
C)ocE=oc
o)
(EoE
.()oao
ci 3c
o) cE
(E
U) o
o-oo
!
aooc
L
t!t
oto
LL
@<
.L
-o
O(E
L'E
E9
g@
vO
ox
E>
o->>
EE
ooob
-a
s(L
o(s
P.l
oO
cO-*3
tvCo
6a
;o
ri(E
o)
>=
o;i
(EL(J
:lOa)
(s^-
tbg
-oE
(E
sE8-
egE
F'a--a
-.r
o-c PiE
o=-c
.9o
*

O-P (')
$*is ,\ 9 L
-(/).= o (s
-
L
^
.-
= =s^ Y^ F r-)
IE rL
--
e:PEo a
?E
ESEH

18. 6- 9
o
.='E
.(rxcc .99-aa
(u
E
P 8EE
E-e
Ead.
a€
E e€;
- o)-g
- O c€ !
5'q b;
X
;FHE E 0)-c O*- ^
ts.c I E',
Fc.j
g€pE-
_o
>5C
(5Eo
(UcEL
(5
C.
lzfc
o) oao
'=
o) oE
q)
oE.E
a>
otr
gE
(,(o
.E
.E
EE
E;
J-
()c
o(E
sD
-c
ii
;(E
os
cc)
a'=
o)
F-
..i
6'6
b9
of
EE
Eg
-Y-
.=o
P'E
EE
.J
o.!
fo
u)
.oE
CE
ifr!8q
.-L
LF
-c
#o-cv
(l)Y
-E
9-
qE_
(/,0)
o'E -o
-cc
'6o
-c
'.= Eo
3,=
35 !9
.o*
C)
:'.>
x(5
.-
g€
e(6\
eo(B =94
E
9i
sE8s
9c
o;=
-o\uo{
- Eb'
=

9.q$
€>b:8
>N
o o*
oE
h
-E
o
(u (l)tr
rr iI o
s€
66Y
I.E6
g 5'E
l--
€eE
'EoO
t'-oE
-ooIoocE=oc
o)
(s
IL
.o) oco
'5
c)3a
-c, E
o- oLoc
.9.
ui
-a
e.E
.c)
o
go
aD-
_(/)
-9
tg
36 a9
€s
LL
(Je
o-c
Ear
oE
za
o-E
f_o
fo)
q)
EE
(5(,)
'-= (I)
';r!
'-.o
(s_
oc
irb
o'5
;e
Ei5
o-
.EEo>,
3F
aE
€cr
g(E
o:2
o)-
.LL
F:

Fe
qo
bF
L9c-c
(E(l)
a)
<.t
-o
troE
.gE
(,oo
u-l
ol
ol
trl
ol
zl
ol
3l
ol
oooEo
C" $
=iI
!o
OE
Ec
b9
ca
e6
-l
.Qao=oc
(',
.coLE
(soc
(0cof
(oa
f,a
oc)ooEoLEoo6)cN
-, ooc
(0
C)
-o
=oL
()
(UEo
(o=
d] OI
-
C)oC
(EoaEocoLo
(t)
.=ooL3LocooolEog
(U
.9coL
d]oE
o',
;E=o
fo
LL
(E.L
>o-
=o
=o
=@
O(/J
i.o
-c
c)6
otr =(E
(EC
c)C
9a:oooo
()oEEJc
.=
C) oLoo6o
-c
([
-o
q)
()oCEJ
()
q)
<)
.c
(ELocE5
c
E(s>
5=ts
.=(Ec
>>E
o.:l
L L€
o o)g
9e
E6oboQ
*tu)
(J-o
e
>c
gEFu
(5
l<c).=
(Doe
>t
EE
g
6>;'
e=a
(Uco-
>'S
ooF
'6->\E
co X
tr=
6lo
E9=
g:6
E;,5
69o
ebe
8E€
c=(,) F€E
=o'
(tr
R
ce,;
R.4
9-sE
3EE
Ei;
e
c.=
!,p=;
EE€E
o(uco Ee;€
:r >
#EeE
^9^L v.-!a\
(soiC
.()
(oc
C) oooEEf
.c
b=
€.ELo
c)c
-c
oC)o
5e
(5h
oP
s2
-o
gR
>6
6ts
f_
CE
(s(l)
LC
\c
Xa)
Atlfd]
o)
E8
eE
-(D
o)
>E
bE
9e
_o$
os
9rr
(U=
o9
6g
oo
oc
fE
(5c
>l
ol
3l
trl
(sl
il
ol
ol
trl
+al
(El
ol
6l
.co6
--c
.C
t)€
UD
aue
x>
tr€)
'Etr E<
(t)
llq6
L.

ODL
oE
Ca
-o
-c
o)O
cL9;
EA
-oo
oo
gOtro-L
9a
*O-
-c(u
(s+ e8
E=
{c
a*^
e-c e;
*F
!q)
otr
lJc =o
>6
otr
6E
sg
o(5
@6
otr
d9
ct)
F
oE
sE
5'E

6.;F
Eoc)
6 Lg(/)
.8 b';
Ee
b9C
qvo
(D
*
d;9
b=o
(5!
xxx
o)
(uoc
'ch
o_ ()
q)
oE
a.=
o>
-5-
>6
(l)-=
o{obN
\tAG
trt
=E
u2
oo
FOU
bH
E<
>E
ru(J
aH
9olo
tro
(, FFFN
lrI
ut
li
i2
!uo
EZ
>o
Hd
gh
-o
(f) $ lr) (o
N
r
E.F
€:
og?
Eg
N'E
fo
(I)-
E€
9b
cc)
.
o ct
=
En
8 ,'h'e
ts-L 9og
e9!

6.'E
>
iOva
_-'-
.= EEEx2 a- o
-9
xo>
o'=
I b-e
o_o c
SE
E
==
'{=('(l)
oC)=*
8[p
'"=E(5C
ai c;.9
{ o.:l
b.s9
!oo
oEP
-r(Uo-
--Ll
=F
(5
E
Cd!(,)
pg5
tE
lL
BE8
iE€

4.Ja
9ai
(EiF
e d9
F= (g EI
ol
.hl
6l
(Ul
>t
ol
6l
ol
OJ
3tl
ao
C)
irA
aE
_x
c<
q) t=.oa
c)uJ
.=o
-co
()oE
o_ooc
(EcE
.U' aJ
(5co
c)o
(o
C) =
.N
o) c
(LE
.ooOoc$ot
o)
(Jo
.g
o_
oooEo
(EotoEoEoo
'F
E'E
E:E
.=o
cr-
(D_ C
(s='5oa
(5cE
o_LoLooaoo
U' oLOo
U)
o- o
(t
U'
o)
(t
U'
.oio
(U
U' oE
U' o
-ooLcoEoE
(', o
O)
FO
(U*
g)€
O:J
6o
.e5
CA
.E.. oCEoEooLooot
U)
'=
-c. oJ
CL Lo
.oJ
(t)
o-
(uLo=
(sLN
o) E
rF
(Uoaofa
'E
(E
()oc
(t)
:t
()
-g
F(E
=:- (s(/)
C=
orE
(E0- r
(o
E F:EEE :

E
ggs€Ee fi:

E**-o:.E Es
; H sgB s fi fi
3 E FEr'g b;
E T EE€; bg
-s E E* 5' E
-
Eigfi E g :F
P 9.-t.';
.;
F
;€ AEEs F:
iE a g= g b
F
E9=g98 es
E F,e€E E :
e
€HEqe; =$ t;P E F - H;
EEE $ E5 q;
=E =E
o = €.E
gE;E;;,
;E o tr tr =- 6 a P. :
966oG -P odci
q FFggEiEEiE P.s H.e E.= E'EE
gE:E
e
g€ FE
g
JS o-o€=o
ttooCo
FO
P8
ac
fo
Og
eg
nB
aF
(E- =6 _=o
oo
vO;.9
o-c
.o-
'ai
-OC
9o€
cl,
=
'=
o--
ts.1=
o>
a9
o-g
-o
(/)
9ar
JL
Eo)
-oE
o_o
ob
aA
-o(E=
i
.9=
clL
o.o
*9
oE
Lb
.9't
;a
€p
L€
'Sa 6s
Pb
5'-
*
o
FE(5
9EF
o
=
b b 9',E
d'6E;
= I
E'H dE E
E
EE$.u. F;
EE= s =d$ XEEP 6'Eo
frP*F E-E€
E EP; 9t
3 E:.? e ez=
ssflg E s
H
6EF," E F'g
Eqfig e ilE
cui656 raoh
fi€€E
^-CuO)^-r\F
Eqg
g3E: qas
iooo u)-t E35- 96o
E HlE E Eg
E! HE E 3 E
Fg€ g F:g bg bE
'= 6
o
^6o- o=E
sc E€ e F:E
9,8 5F o
os
=
afi!E€ li E
EFE:g IE
g
eil
(55
69 gs
U'
o(o
r)
cc>
F'=
>5
E6E;
co
oc
c)
g(u
(sc
>.lJ
oL
eb
aQ
ego
_c
o>
-cF
6q
96 >=
bg
o€
c)
-o
>.9
s\Y
orF
8-s
eb
Oc
c=
OE
=5
v,
F- n
=ct
o9
aa
lzF
oo
Ec
gt o
roo
IFN
\tA
t!
ZE
uz
oo
F00
6o
Efi
>c
ur(,
6H
9og
ti
^a
lrul
ii
=2
Ilo
EZ
>o
f;irot, FFFN
s
O) co
-c
oo
-o
rlo=
6qL
o-
'I=c:
,9R
-a@6
o_^
E.e
€P
oi
L.-
:(D
>€
-cc
(go
*c
o-'-
Og
LL
EE
b.8
to
otr
co
o$
oc
Ed
6>
(u(1)
.'i;
;(5
oo
c)
ln .E
F 3,9
;'6 e
-c c)L
-€
>
-c
6;ooE
- or.9
q
5R8
(l)(/)!
ro
u
I---
a6
o)nO) "tJE=
(tfoaocao
-cooog
o) o
(oc
(scEco
()o
U) a
(soEao
.>o
_coE
q)E
-oo
_ga
(t) fo
o_
:Qoca
oLooaocFL-oLX
o_
'(5
oE
!+o
9(g
qE
*o€e
*E-so
Qa
>oo
c)coL
q)
c)oo
(U
q,
(EcE
o) r
O)
..i
c-c
€q)
EU)
eO
5';
O,r
9k
Pcr
o(s
cc
9c
^Oi;E
Eo
U) :cooJEoo
:fa
(5cEE
U)
o- oo=
(s
(sr
oi -t
q)E
'6
oL
U)
EI
=l
6l
.9, $oao
ci EoE
_oc
O)
(oc5
q)
C"
ot of
.E
'di 6r

6.>
PE
(s
-oo
(E-c
o-
_7R
o-E
of
(/)o,_=
o
33 fttc
FE
€E
(U(l)
-s
o>,
cro
fE
6)J
a=
E:
-c.

E
.So
a:5
E9
9E
5o)
06 :e
aA
'69
9ofc)
C(s -L
@_
gE
8B
Q)o
-C.

U'
o6
o_c
.sb =e
-C.
@"l
<6
>E
e3
c(!
\ar
-OO

6.(t
.o
b8
oo(5 L
(/)-o
o'tr
so
Av
q3
P;
65 o=
4-
*o
o(/)
-o
tEcl cE
^u)
9to
E€
.e6
Lc
'{=
>-g
*c)
o(u
E€
.a=
85 9E
-co=
r'F
(5Q EE
'-o
cL
E9
EE
qO
_E-c
o(U
(I)
@^i
z=
o-c
.= ('r
36-
EE
=E
OE
-o.>
(5(s Ee
-6
e==
O(U
*o)
.=(U
>,c
oo
cu)a
OEg c
tsEcr
VE6
hoo
>(E0-
(g-O
€cr
c(5
o->
=
P=E
d.?
I
5eg
|./JLxoP
=iit;
vo6)
ib !.9 c
*.o
o
6cr0 =(')tr
o:6_
'86
ce
s
9Ee
6!
.Z a:

E EE
at -
r
C;
d)o
ttsoL
q)ooCE)oC
cT)
(Ugco
U'
O)
(5
o) ao
ct EoE
-ooLaEJa
()oao
oL
(Uoco
.a
o-
.c) 6coaJ5o
.ocooa=(s
.9,
tra
(Uco
'6LofEaocO
c)a
'=
(!L
.;Lo
(so
-c
zl
ol
FI
uir oco
(5
()
o'-
E(,)
o-c
-co
88-
EC
-oo
LF
8E
eb
6€
AE
36 _c.
og
LLo
5o
(5-
H€
€>"r
6=
Ftu -L
E
o-c h
H
o9cs
(/)oe
UE
a -=
-69
OEts
o(,c.

F
b
Eg;
JX

PE QF -
(EF
EEE
arE E-o
.UDC
v)
g€;
(,)co
F=
6 g;d
Pt
.9" o
_
>oc
oc(',
(/)(5
!EE
gt
(U!
F
8E I : tr,o
tt
.=oE
(to
tro
c O O O O !:E
oe-o-c
=
I o
.
gE3b50H
!t)p-*tu!>
UE e 8€€
>.=q.9 o - n'
..'E ^€seH,IEE -
v.! g
=
(s>(/,ut-aO
€EEFe Er
q o b 9.9 o 6'
ts (/) o so-o l
_(J c) O g (U _.
(2
EE-1 €e FE
g E€En sr
p
:
g e SiEE
EEEEEfi
E
!+ L
- +pe,sF F.0
rr!
EE;E;EE
*-sEg:CA
E6-gg.E*o-
(/):-O (,)
O
E e p; Es 3
#gEE:,E
P
L^PVr\
h.9 9.v qE# !!L.-
e 55 8; d E _,
E 8e E P siah
E rH$si3r
3€E€
=
F€e
=E:3
E€ir
x ^OOg).!(/) Yaa o(E-o
:
bEb€=.-r','Y -^Lt\LLrn
(S gO.Y 0) O
O
#EEgEPEE
o
(/) (D_c
=
o-c o
c
: ()#'= o
*
€E533
\UF
:eEB
s os (s-ll
$E EE
H
:!E
gE
E
gE$E:
oH 6
q
€€EE
E LF
(5 C) yJ-o
G
s;
.,,d.e=b
Y^L--
s;=g
ar) d E9
El
rec;
6 o o=:
8:g.E d
t
c I h --d
[* fr E
E
s
9ae3E
;',; gE
6'c
:9t,.Ft
Q 69
-J16L
(/)! c) X
"
o 6-8i-s
Et€
EE:EM
eE
* e e E€
H;:g
+lf(l)(/)o
:9d
F
$EE E
g
aooGo
rG
g' o
(oobN
rt
ZE
uz
oo
FCU
bH
E<
>E
utO
6H
9oL
ri
-a
lrul
ii
i2
Ilo
EZ
)o
f;i go
(, FFFN
(o lo
*835 ? g E E :E
gfrsE F E * : ; I:
-Y.oh ., L -c
.s E 5F o'€o-E
'= 'd
=
5 E E;
s I 8-g
c I oE E.aAE E E g a 6 E s1
E;$E3 E E E F : g € Efr
EEEFE E F E g5 gEEg$fr
! >(5+; >
c;fiEFI : E E; iEfrFEE
lg't€u gp fi E'=ji ;: E H en
't'EiE*EFg€stFE;;ieafgg
::E;s:x*6 H e f; aFiEgHE$fr
gE
(-) (J
^
-ls
(U
66Y=6 i5 = ? h
gg.iE: E
g s * ;; 5; ; a I
g e E i
"1
;e s pi e==
PHsEg { € E H € B€ : E g' E E E E E € aF e -Es ifl;
g$Egi g
F
g g
E EE $ F F
g
i
g

E E E EE E EE EEE
$€;pE F t E s ;3 E€ S F F 3 p =i E F, F gE E EE lnr
lgitg : i 3 : 3 s : 3 B
=
i : : : : gE E r fE€ F o.o'i: o- N N N N N N N N N N z' N N N N u-ir
z' N
u-ir
FI FI
o-Ol c.igl NNzlNzl
g
G
gt
o
F
o
|F
N
\t
ZE
uz
oo
FeU
bH
E<
>E
utO
6H
9o
I
o
-o
IL
I
ut
ii
i2
HO
EZ
)o
f;i
tr
o
o
F
F
F
N
E;
s3E;*;#.€E
a; #FE'EE
EE:€ A F:E
E
Ffi;i€.:g gr
€cEE E FFE fi o-=.c k6
-i
-
.Q.=
isFi[:EAe
?io P g; Pg
gEBi Hrfi FE
.leEt i s e!
E
gEEnE€:$;
n' I i i.(D
=
o
E
EE: E ICgSE
E 1Es s$E 3a
E
*E'egE-=siE
F;fr-6;EEE
En
EE;=EEH9F
*EEuPdi
S
*Ei€ereeF
=egg€FfEE
.9ct95".i€.=
:;*E=e€EE
'c(n(E:!h.=oco=-o=(U=@<
EE E.E,FE A
E
e'F b F b*tF,E
g:gEr
=eEe
zl
ol
FI
rul
(')
(Ugcoa
.o)
(so
(/)o
o-
-o
(Uao
rooo
-g
.>oc
(s
o. oaoc
.9
o- o
(/)
c) Loo
.g
(Uoo
(UFoc
l<co3LooL
.Ec
(U
>,
?t
=(E
(Et(
'v>
n
_(s

9.>
Oa.
>@
-o
(Uii
-coEooLE
.(Ucooo
-o
o)E
(s
q) LE
rF
(U6
q)o!
.E
()oL
o)o
.c
.::'
P CI)
.-
o-
-c
F>
QO
(U
ors
o.L
rO)
,2
'<o
A\
0ab
o#
o, a)
oo- oEL
<',
(5 oocE=o
.9c
'=
-co)
o- LoE
.c
o_
.-
(s
Por
H'9
0Du,
-c.9
(Eb
6g
6(/)
OE
AA
*;
(')
oE
oc
rU)
d)
(t
-L
(Uc
'?
CO
o=
oo
E_9
ooeE
5€
.c
JE
l4o
c(E
or:=
ui 9t
vE
qd
E(/)
()5
(5c)
#!
6(U
rU)
.9o
-a
o.E ==
(Da
'E.s
orI
oa
gOcO-L
U'A
lJo
ojt
ba
9o
(E()
c(s
LF
€oPT
(5>
a.Y
i;
FE
aioc)
8-
6 o-u)
(t) --(l)o.:
.-CCL
5E
.9(5(E
IgPg
--
o
.! oE
a=
.lioie'Eo
v€
p
a E'=
L
9ag
6'6
?c or
6 .IC,C
9'E
io d)
6E
c-a=
E
$
8€H
=()
g.X
cr) or-=
'E
p8R
6Eo
':oo
rco
=
9_
EE
H
O
503
:S
o'a
'-L
lo
g 5g
L Ete
=€ o.!l
c
o.!= o
Q
oPE
-r:
3 *s5
r59
-a -c. a c.z
(E
:6€
q9b
of
?r

5.8p
t a=
:<'6 .9
t.8g(J
6 9'>
-c!
>
o_o
r/,CC
e(f'
L
;
663
Oa
o6
?-
o.6
L9-
(l)ho
(Dtr
-
='-
o
f)
='E
8sE
E8E
fto
oE
-ooo
(tLo
ol
LI
ol
-cl
-ol
€l
ol
EI
rFIE
o-o3=oEooco
N$
.'i
5o
o.5
o-=
oo
86 co
3-
([
U' o
rzocoocooo
C)
(Eoi
o- LoooLo)LcL
(sc
u)
o- o
ts
(socooa
()ogoo
a) N+
_LE6
EO
Y(U
xa =(l) ooLoo
(5ao
-coooL
tt)oc
(EcEox
o-
(5
.E
-coLoo
(t, ocoL;oa
.9)
(Eoao
o-
(UcE
-c
ao
iiN+=
-co
o_
C) !aoc
U' o
ooc)
15 .ao
-ooLoo
(U
O i Os
=cD
>o w-.' oa a; €[
-o
(l)c)
'-=--
o iE =E
.E€ b P
3I oE
5 P 5!
g.g :

E
;6 E€
-c !l (l)-o
F
#UL
:, ..H
:a iL
,D4 -06;
*; EES s*-9 o-E g
or I I9=
3 9^ 'EE EE d 9 F c
obb =gB
E;a Ee
t
I PE
* -
g
=;
(/) c O!
3os 83e
6ix b b.q
EE :
gs;
k96 oc'F
;CE
E€
*
=
B'=- s Eg
.E-9P or9a ac_5 s=F
EE! EHE
gg€ ;5
F
FI
uit
e21
NN"l
9F
9at EoE
-o
C) L
(sIoEooo
a. o
(Lo
-o
(!
-ooOGf
U) oco
C) o
(ha
(5o
(uLLoa3=
-c
.g
(5Lo
(E@oc=(5o
r
t!
U' o€obNt
rrY
3Az3
uz
oo
FOU
bH
E<
>c
uto
6H
9oE
tti
-o
ILI
ut
ii
i2
gJo
EZ
>o
f;iAooFFFN
NNNNN
lo(oN@o)
L
q)oNo
(U
o. LE
c)
(/, o
c)c
q) fgEoL
'tb3
-oo
_ga
(sE=o
!-
u)
-
(/)
(s(l)
l= \-
cq
NT
Eo)
o$
os
(/)b
-c)
-ots
-.>
oQ)
tss
(I).s
LFOO)
tsS
-t
.lo
=
b(4
-c)
c.i
o- LOr
-co
d'
zl
ol
FI
uir
F(L
-co
o':

E EEEEE.fr
b: e 9c.e
L
fi'r$:E F:
*v7 s: b
F
F C E$ AE
A
iE *e! H€
^t
gE I 8'E
E
uIEe
X.=O@-(se
H sF
'38.8;
gX
g
H'si P; F
e
fr* HlEgfi
6E P bE nE
r ; s E
p
il e;
-
-.= -.=-O !:
o F >? E g "E
;*E H SsEg 'E 6po o E- 9
Xe F P $ gE;
t; H E ieEf
?i,NE
=E
E
E
*",E a* E s.E
gE: s S.gsg
gE gE;E g;
- c o-:a o c c)
c
th'- -. !*-c'- c O
bEE
s u 8 bE
SEC+Eg;
H
2 (U ().L.Lo 50
zl
ol
FI
uit
o@
()oc
o)o
(ULo
o- oEoEoL
'-
co
o)o
(5c)
cE
=c)
-L
>.L
Oc
</)c)
.o)
(U
c)
U)o
o- c
(ua
o) Eoog
.>oc
(s
o- oL
v)oc
_u)
o- Lo
'=E=o
-g
o-
(oN
>d
=a
=E
C
!a d)'-
tL(5Y
o):
b
(U9a
PF
o-9 or
s +i
6 orYo
o)ii
>
o(5x
'6E:
-g)$,:=
>.Y
(E
.89 =oc
o.r-
:E a&e</)*
f
AY
o-c
;€EL>\
o
.9.P.o
-cs-Y
oY
c
APE
s'i*
#!uo) o=
=LC *E(E

9.>c
5oo
*(sX
-E
b
"ho
-aC(h
EgF
EE
(>(s (s
o
€slE; a: c)
> tr.ll q)
y
n-L-
(u orts
:p 3€
E,: P
A
.e€
I-LI6
=os--v 5Eo?
s-vL
o!
=e
s€F
6)
b
E9: Xo(J
P3
9 (/)ETi 683
8E€
;E
* ea8
o(U.
otE
e5
9 EE *
o
c-o^v
-obR
L-o- FrE
g4 >,
(' =
.=
E H8E
-=
F:€!
o (5
b'=
e.=
aE s;
(,
oF'"c
I O'-
9g€
Ept
5 3g
EsgE
^e
E
6 s;s
9E; F
E.S H;
E
vL!
8 br
E If
H
(E
co36
^(5
(E
-.E'st
P
cE-! >.

X: E E
>.E
=
E
iiiEag; FE$g
zl
ol
FI

SEEAEEEEEEEE
3;gtEiEggEEE
Fititilgiggg
t;fiE$IFETEE*
$EEiEggiiFig
E o :U)
c
_ O)r.\
O
9E
&5srd€
s E'.
.= x'"= o c)
E
dvd-L
e:

F
e
Jl
!(,oo()
? Fe_c
E€ Tfr: Y qo o-o
s
ap 3
r '{=(U-of,
(5
-;''F
v,
'-!
-d)tsoX
oa=C)x<
O(/):{(5,^
p I
E
I H a;5
B e0Ee
a
!i\\u
i- (D=
E ?E.E b-
[5
*sgbE
[ o oo_
AE":
g
(l),.= o-
-c.v
i' O E
E:€
g*;:E
B#
IiE i e
r E 8.'E.8
H E H
q E,^
;E
i9p:1#
b3€'.e
g
-
^
()'F'E
9 EEE
=g
=
FLg
5EE€Eg

C) (,) (EE (U
zl
ol
FI
url
E
-ot
(t)
=o
(ge
.(U
(E>
o.=
(Ec
Ec)
o-a
$o
LO
o=-9)
EE
o- Ioa
(E
o-.=
Eg'
.o!
-E
(Uf
-= (5
OE
Y(5 E3
-c
9or
6E
=3.o
.Ec
tr()
o(U
39 O.= =-
o)-c
(s6 L
.eb
aQ
-c
o-
.9)o
Eo-
'Eo
EP
(l)o
g' ooo
lFN
\tE
(!
ZE
uz
oo
FOU
bH
=<
>t
uro
6H
9oA
tti
-o
ILul
:i
i2
TJO
E2
io
urd
gTgo
(, FFFN
co (f)
cj
.g
cs
'lt
.6
b:
o:
:ii
96 !Eo
oc
LY
P_o
LL
(s>
8s
-o
L
F}
9O
oo
(s

99. ts
ors
LL-
= (o(6
6^9
> gE x
Ee
=()tu
g
5i I
>9 +
st
l--(J
6 ?c c)
io .>
€5
6 A-
(}, @> '-;=
t6
bo_
a
-Or
= gE :
od
o
FA : Oa
(l)
@='
€h
(l)
-.= -
=: =N
c!
II
c!
(f)
$s (f)
(5
cob
a)-
(E
YA
*o-o
ioq6
-co
o>, L
or
g5
_!aL
U'
lz0).=
Ee
o3
c-c
>,6
o_-
b.0
(/)F Oc
E-7
6'q
gt-
()o
ot
9N
o_
co
9=
\)
d L .-
co
st
c! Io
;6S
698
-ccS
o-=
rlO
H$a
E'6'E
gvh
L..-()
-o
'-oco
O
-f
(o(,
aa
E5
g5-o)
Ed
(/);x OR
c9
oi: c
o_go
-o
(U
-oo
()
(5
:fao
(UgE
:=ao
-co
,tY
_c
aa.
-co
oa
:s
E-o
b.c
EC
bg,
toO-
,^L
o6
(J6
Ld
:o6
iO
tj\J
7i
CO$
c!"i
="8
(f)
sl
c.l
=8. .ci
-L
E8
-L
a--
-l
ts(E
9a
E(E
-oE
a)y
Y:?
o: ooE
:f
()oo=(5
o)
(E
o- oca
TL
(UI oo3L
(5gE=ao
-cot
U)
-c
(u-o (u
co
=.a Eg
vth
L-?E
3(s
Eg
os
.c
Lo)
c)E
-ooLo
.9aJ
c)
1f, o
()oLoLE
.s
^o
o(5
sE
€otso
6<
ot
o-oc
(f)s
C\l {
o'6
E(5
oo
Ec
oL
q)ao
o-
.oco
{F
(f)$
c! q
oo_LoxE
(Eo
lf)L
(5
coEtaoLc
o)oo
ci oco
rF
-c
c)
,(E
()
(t
(so
(n
(EE
.a
.tr
ij.O-
'E,-
E 8*
=
eE
F
=vt:
6s'
.=Nl-
(E
=';i o- :9 -o
E EoP
'59
v EO
o cc)
C L
cio iEo
e
v(Jq
8_e
F Aoc! n"i
c!
(Y)
$$
(f) (o$
c!"iFo
-9o
(E
.9Lo-oao
o- LEJEL
o) o
(5EELoaaoLcooEa
.go
c. oo
.oH
ti 1t
Eg
gOE6
Ap
ou
E9
O;'
E(E
oc
E
=o)
o_
!-
v
9r'= - P
'6!(/)
a
B_€ #
5 ErA.lr
EL
#A I
eEE
e
P'-d
= E HE 3 Eg I 9) C(gO
(u
'--f
: E
F *H
S
hvo
o
6oE
P
oPh
d
s-=; o,'
bRE
v5
.o orQ
'E
E-.= .lc
s 'F.l o O
_6 5E I eE o !u o'- c
6fa
E o-: _c >
E.Y 5
'0
Oc- I
:'* F
s
i c.i
crl c.l
(f)
$$
cr)
(f)$
.'i F
-goLo
o- otE)a
.cE)Eo
!
o5o
_9
'=c
o)
.c
iFoLE
(E
.oc
*r-c o
x
H€ FE
d= >,!P
E
LaAL^
M-g
g_E<*
E(E
oEOo (l)
'6
-a 9U)
-
LEO
(U
Ct?J(D YE
q
o'6.c l\
(5tsfR c-.
-€ :v
-E: E
9 iJ o trn
*8,?
#
E .c tj _(/)
88 H-E
EFfi
5 Eg-s
E
o-c(l)
,.= a o-g
o:/
U^L-
'--u
oi
g3+€
-!=-v
ar
--!Jo(/)
C
E
EE:i >;E g-i o O
E9

3.Ebs
o P
=
:+.2-E
E
LF€-
g.SE
'6 oE
3 a-o
(D
o
Ea i€
E F r=
9;! 3c:
t
-
o:=E d) E€ I c
ie e Ff;
(f)+-
(Uo
U)o
ii
c)+
LLEo
'=c
o, $ccoa
.9,
Xc
XEE
o)
(h
g€f;
eEg
U)*=
;(u.=
e E
9 9t
: b:
c o-=
Ie E
E
6_-C.
(DOar
g-(s
EF
o'N ti
orE
-c(5:Jc
c'=
o
E*
o

9.-
.FEO-
€
U)..P
H't
c 5.o o ('r(/)
3 -cc(5(u!
h.-!
Xxorc
H'g€oJ
JS
cohY
H H
c) "E..
(u:l
€-v O-c
3o
-Lss o-r
'^Y
(l)clov
6 C
d I q'X
E 8i =--
IC
EEse
farOh
H€
5 EE
s
o
?.9.\a
o oE
-o -o.=
c
>>€t
ooo*
EEO9
oo
()
trocGo
trto
ct =
.=o
tro
tro
Ec
g' oFoobN
It
ZE
uz
uro
Fc6
bH
E<
>e
ut(,
6H
9oIo
E2
>o
Ei
^o
lr-=i u
i2
!uoEo-
.9FFFN
CO
c)
ar
ba9
(J:
-
Fc(U(E_c
=.-
u)
-
.-LU
(5-c
L) 63F
10)o
.C. U'
6 e,P
EE c>
-o-o
39 c=-
b
FE
H()o
o:u)A
(/) E€
c c)=
oL
ocv
>
=:6 o
EEE
o'9
o,i
b
f.!2
Eo6
c=E
ct)
o
s<DQ
vCEee
o):2
EE
E
PE
ditO
R (5E
E s8
E
s*s
=k(r)
ae
9o E
.='--
O
g a#
5 8.9
3 o!
?5.s
;'I
6*
o6
(5.<
'6e
E8
o>
-o
trdoE
-ooLIoco
u)
o>
g)E
Eo|
'-g
-oo
d==E
oo-
(s0
o-E
o(/)
e8
L.r
iEO
JO
o==(U
oc
aP
b(g
xo
-o)
-Or
ar3
8€
Eb.
fo
E
=E
9o
co-
(Do
g€
.L

8.8 p
eE
3 ga
.E 2'a
= E(E F (Eo
=
(D=
c E=
o I
6o
; L9
€!
o ef
O- cO (5 F()
e 6o S
L-OcD
E
^*J ofi
o ao)
9LE
'>
5'
c Eo
k o?o
o
':o,
b o.=
- a_c.
;\ L!
g
LA\6
5-t .,
? 9-@s
; =59
H
gfr;
[ 7eg
E EEIE = Eb
I H;H
E' E3g
E e,ETt
v
-L-.^Jo'- x{ u)
EE Hi
E
nb5;E
co
(o
.iF
-coo)o
-coEo
(oLE
.C,
o) oo
(so3EoLo
-co
(t, oo
(EL
q)a
o_
(E
()o
5 : L,'
a\ c€b
c)P
L!
AL
-CO
oiE)
(l)
=c)
$o
c=
YU)
!
9E=o
E:
o-o
bo
@9
tLo
*EUXa)
!
d
iEa
5H
a'E 9E
O(E
A=g*c
oo
E'=
sH P 9;
c (u:
'H i,; a:

E€ 2;
9 .E Y
a
oo) '=X
-cc QX
(l)>
=(E EA VO
3= I3 qr€ X>'
=.P
5E '=P -c d)
=
b Fc
-o
EC
a@
gp
(0
=o
cf)
toEEEoo
c, o
E
(o6
'= o-c
-
il#e
oS
EEEI
l=es
o'S
r5a>
c'E E
6G
al e3Hq
.L
-
ocFL-=
Eb
*Ebo
ooi
9oP
833
y(h
(E 3eE
oE53=
(l)_c
n -cf Ee
C
e
P6X
9d
i
fis*
orL
- a(!)
o-
(E*13
EoQ
_l,a_
(goh
cil?
I d:-
0D-t x
r9"E E
.3d b
6 tu- o(/,
O) C
-r'-
'E (t):l
c
EE
61 8
E $F
g
€E
g.E
zl
ol
FI
uit
E 9E g.=
o
s:rOOY (/, c-o!
E 6E F
= g.9a E p
:EE
gE
o o1(o G)=
E€flF
E
8--8 i 5
g
.gEs *b Y
=
(E oc
.P E E BE
O CE rs
r
€ EEE "-
J
Erp'*
et 5
= c= f !D,,i
6aP b ii
o c x o-E
FP
8o.eE-o
EoUo9
aE_e
sD tr-o!-o
u.(r)
9?oEo9 qgE
o;(!
RcLE>
3 h
=
'6bo90
o=-=
q
#€E
toBrh
*[
I!6 au c di.E -o o
oE c E
E
eS I I *
3 o Q
tr-E
o (,)+l o€
F: EEE
EEEE
E
E er i.8
Q-o >,9 o
?-q$ Efig
8 HEE E
3 ao
C'
(Eo
=l
ol
(El
ol
ol
cl
ol
o-l
IEI
3l
OI
Bl
cl
ol
-
(u*
cc
oq)
Xc
gF
EC
o-o
FO)
O'g
CA
oc
s(E
-cE
oo
o-* =-C
3o
OE
fi*
;$
-cc
oE
ao
eb
(sE
c- -o
o-E
9s
't(E
a=
-c.
6 Xo
'=3
lt)
9d6
€o,
bE
Lo- cofq)
-E6C
a.x
Bo
E*
oo
-!
oI
[8.
b
E e-O
FIL
-co:f
oEec
=(s
e't -co
orS
tr
O-c
tc)
€6
(l)-
oo
=og'E
o'9
9or
a9
!o
oaa
E5L
'E c
o)o
uD
a1 c
o_c
f(E
C
(f)
.=(u
bo_
Eo
(5q)
.=^v
tr
Y@a
hu)
Ero
gO
L(E 8e
(D
>-c
(l)(U
(l)F
-. >=
< o:
; .8.U ..: oE
(f)
^i .t
sf,
>, =a
b9
ooc)
€e
=F
EO
E9
iEts -L
(uo
9L
-c*
o-g
-o
h
le
ge
r'a9.

E>"
6>
eb
Eq)
Q(u
clz
c0)
€c
;Ec
.=(s
.sE
eg
o=
8e
e:x
5=
6a
an!
L
o63I-
-c
f
oH.o
;E
c)
st
c! I
=Eo co
LG
gt oFFo
rFN
\t
ZE
wz
oo
F0!
bH
i<
>c
ut(,
bH
9o&
ttigo
(, FFFN
ltut
:i
i2
Ilo
EZ
So
utd ?i
-o
('o
o?n
(0
co c9
(f)
f-O (f) cf)
(o
c{)
lr)
'-'-
a@a
c
E
=oc
EE
8_E
6 o
"qHE occ
*Yo
oEo
rI
l*
b=6
59UO v: -
€ 0E,
e e.Pl
! Egl
5 E 6l
;
?iq
v!g.-
,t-!s
(5(s:gc)
LL..L
g
o 5.lc I
L
.Ee*8,
o.S)
c
x Fis
q d Fe ! \ \e
e4g
O
nr-O O
-
T E€
9 dE
:^sL
P 8-
E
FgES
a!-Z Xl -oc(u )llc o (/)
-l ^-
(,)
c
-l
U L.-
6l E g.g
El q o
d

L&-C ()
c=
(D-#*
o
o
P L
c#o)
PE€
- >,i ar
F
(l)F=F
8E=
'=
J:to
(U()
aa
ci'=
o-
@p
9o
-J
ts
aE
(sq)
-cg
o_5
c;-
E.
a6
(u6;
-
-c.
f
()
ic'
l€
,o)
co(5
(t)
(E
rO
o6
_o€
Er
€t EE
o$

5.P
ho
(/,(s oc(s
.sg
()(s
(U0-
t6
'=;
o)c
-o'
:E
gFE
_o:

E
=
taaia)
aaag(g(D
(E()g
?6e
(/)-c
_o !P*
tr.Y
O
>o
b.9=o
t
U)oJo=oC3
.=I
(s
(D
=>\
(D.= 62
5o
ar3
o()
o(6
co_
ao
occo
(5
o_
o) IocooocEfo=(s
c)
(s
o- oca
(L
(E
>5
o(g
c€
_oc
oo
@oLc)
gL
q6
>h
oa
L()
<b=6
c)-g
(EO
O-L
O.=
o'F
LE
(E'=
sc
H(g
o-L
>o,
cE
;s
(5(l)
:.E
L(5 9-:
-oo)aooo
(JocE=o
:Jao
(5Loco@
T' o
U'
.q, c
C) Eo
o- I
roJ
C) oo
'tEocoo c) ^L
c)
- _(5
3E
sgE
$:;3
EI
=
EFFI"
.9 l'E "* qbo (o{f o
t
-e(/)!(D(s (r)-c
o-c EI
(g
c9oo
d€
E
-
tx(ah;
of
o-o
L
k
q€E
o.a
siag
6 tr
e E€
6 I d b6 _EE
5E
-
>€E '--o
-JJ
€ E
=b E
cO:c
E;
T
.
(D e.=
q
-Lg-
>6
P ! (t) (/).=
--c r-c
9il oE
3 r.t:
q::€
o*
5E-:=
E:EE
E:dE
tr*
O
Lga\(JOi5 (D
-o -o'-'=
o
Etoo --L'!
o-c
- 2tro(E
F.gL
(5(s
Ea)
A>
t-.
(5
.o$toc
o)
(E
o,
.c
o,
.co=o
(5
o- oc
tt)
(L
(EPI oo3cEf
.Ec
o)
(oc
a
EEc
>c
o>
tro)
2E
b5
aE
F.9
ou)
o-o
Vo- =rF
'FOEL
EP
o.oI=o
t,oogo
E
ooc
5'6
O-
€eE>o
E
.(/)E=
LCL 92"F
8€
P -.o o
E
=loa
EES (Uo:o AFL
E oa)
c O,= _c
-a€ +;
P EP
F
:$ a
=
A Lfl (J
*>E ?
s* g8
PE;
E
q Et
F
E
EE€i
c^,i
fr.E E n'
# E EO)
-o
;g=ecH
:e sg '- .:.! (D
3&
EESi
3,8
c
6cFL
o.ts€
I a€ s
fE€E
*;e$
g
co
Io
o(L
(o
Ea
.jg-Fs
c/)
a
€or
5o
(socnY
it9
k6
()a -c5
.=(l)
9@
.c-
.@
(EE
r6
oF
#s
a3
-o=
o-c
()
(UE
fo
./)aoo
=E(uE
(Dk
(E=
o_(u
o_
gb
B'6
(Uc
o -^.
8_,s
o8[it
*.s b
*o
!Df,o
="ta
aEv)
;c)
G (I)ol-
;.8s
!R
b
LL<
urats.,
(s€
€"9
beu
'-(/)=q
o'r
x
9E

9.aJ0
H s&
Eo=(n \v
F
=-e
6E
t=o
E
ar
tr(U0
l(D
=qf
F(sU)
-LG'
F bO X-o c)
(5 t-O
=
Ooo
E€
E Pi .ijE
or
I or.c
ur
-E?i
@ o-o
o o.s
O)al
*oc)
-EvU)
C
=
Ee
o
s-O
EdE
EFo
ooB
op;
ac I6
9F
gF88
q
o
o-E.s
o
5 rER'5 0 Eb
olI o-c
!-c
.coEg
Q
o
=
o= o
"'F aa
t'ES
o
zl
ol
FI
uit
OE
5-
(E€a
.oI
-cg
o(5
E.E
P5
(U.= E9
a6
RE
-o
95 E;.8
otrE
EO;
€E
(D-o
sO
tsgEA
go
(o_s
cb
--a
6e
F-c -o)
Btr
.9b
-cc
a>
! E€
=s
fae6
4: F
F g;
B-L
'r
g':3
=gE (sEo
(l);o
(E==
o-E'=
cX(')
tl)"-'6
9c J gfr
s9g
15(U:
c)
oi oE
-ooLa
(sL
c)
oo) LE
.=o
ltoco
o-
(UP
-coo)oL
C) o
.E
o, o
rts
c)
o- o@oc
(/)e
Olaro
Ls
oH
.es
>F
SE
OO
.o
(/)q
o.\
Fp
o\,
-cJo (5'E(o
oE
cC)
gE
OE
cei
et=;
IE
!e3
o)':
(D(E E
6(D
.(E
P-'
6c0
F.Q
.a6
os
s*
5F
o!E
t(a
E8,
-ob
oo
g{
Ug
:o=o
Eg
Pg
&G
gt oFNo
rFN
\t
ZE
uz
oo
FOU
bH
E<
>c
u(,
bH
9oIo
gf
^o
lr-u
:i
i2
Flo
E2
)o
utdEo
() FFFN
sf @
s
fs
lo
$
cf)
$Nsrs
(0
sf s
$o
o
(U
()
U) o
ci
.oCoFooo
(so
!
ro+oE
-o
o) L
U' a
(U:oF
lC
.9.
o- oooLo
o- oE
(Uo
-c
.9
-0) ao
oU;
(Uc
:o
(t,
-co
U'
(U
O.
'96
LO
9d.
(s
oo- I
(U=()L
o) oE
q, Fso=mOo
(scooo
q;
-{P
69 o-c
d,E
o:
€€
F(E
>o
(s'E e9
cog
3a
O5
o-_
-O
.go
.(sE
?E
$.9
9:

E:-
o-c
Ep€es 3 F o#.H.=E
c
.ee.aE6:

Hg*ffiE
=q.9g(UE
;Esg€E
Y.ta cEi<
Q A'=
-
I
?
=
d-9 t = E
€iE:EE 5
:E
3tB€EEE
I $fi sE
fr s.E6 BE x
+: E E E ;E
or
6-Rcaa"16
E'9 ti S e'o,
E E 6E: T,;
EE_5 1s9E
E-stEEE i
I a-eo= E pB
6et
*-aaEQ=.E
g; EE
9r=E 6b
*
.g
FgtEAiE
E 9 E *
==gi
E6E8 EE
E
=- oE <o9'd-k
<5€.c 6>=
zl
ol
EI
d"e
e€
e9
;3
OL
.3F
-o_
qr$
od
ds
9b
o=
6e
8E
s6
6o
-c(5
aa
E
9-
cEbo
2'd
E?=E

6."ts
3<s
6bg=
^:
nr65
o-o .='t (5
t <-:.9
uP
oEi
)E:
(J)
o <g.E
5e
:-€
E
F'F
QqX
;
E
L()
EE
<E
F>E
qbE
FLE
8 tro
ct =
.=o
!t
(,oo
o
.9
.9oooo
-!Z
o5.9
.=OC
- (EE (E
!J(E
€e8
bed
qcE
_aEr
li(L o
.0
-Fo
g,^o.

Q6
o_o
.lg(Uo>
.'a
#es
6:.9
F=Hc
F
>€E
.8ea
ss
o
;EE

2.9 Q= o
a=
ErE
.-fiL
-e(l)
=
EEq',
_=o)
(E i-.L
E-rn
ssEI
Eg;
>F
-9-
-P
fi
pE
giF
u;
o!
-e6Ef o
o= E E
8:$
g
()E
oo!Po
E(5cE
LE
zl
5l
uit
q8
.L
EE
EO
-c
Es
EE
>L
o.E
(E0)
-(tr
€P
gO
E=
'=f
()-c
g'u
i:0)

9.s
o(E
hc) oo
fo
a
b.9
-EC
g
o-O
(E
nr
;8f;
gE0)
(Efo
(l)*
6o
c
il as
I ES
-o ->
E Ps
(5e
to>
o\-
(h2-
o
'- QCOC) .'r
o-t.E
EEAd
o'E
ouP
ooQ
E(/)E
:or
TH$
O-c
o
5 EE
=
o-(E
rr)
oEoo
(EgEooL
(E
CY)
qb
o_
o. oc
ro
.x
ulo!o
oq) Laoc
'=
-coEoEoo
-gaL
(sEo
-c
=
-:.:<
(D'R
4C
!c
-f,
-tr^
roo^i
e8
oc
>=
E
Oco
b.P
*r(g(,
3p
E3
eOf,
3 .9
(s0C)
cco -',O
Ef€
b'ol
o os (,)
o!B
F.:EEb
E n- tL9=-
LJ
tvE (E
s
-co -o
A
E=At
9- L
e*E E.e
6 imE
*
gE
E
+E 5
5 F (,) o_o
6 tr a-o
E 5{a
E
g,H i
c SeJe
- FUI
(5 EEEg oL.;;
3l= $
A'-
LLA.-
)< I
E
;#gg 6 $=
8E 5&
E-5
5 roo6,:.;E
.EE3E
oL
sf
ei
cl) o
oo- oE
o- oLaoc
_(t, oo
c) !
c)
c)
(U
(t) oEo
15 q) L
€)
-aco
(LLo
-o
(Uco
C)
(Uf
(f, oo
(UcLL
c)aoEoE
-o €s
od;
=
g
o>(5
E:4
st
e=
g
o
6e9
so(E
xj
i=(l)(E
O:
(/) E.l:
o Q.o
u)e
(,)
P:
gegP (5 o=
r*
P
.z c_o X o'E .= o_ c)
'icrtn XE o
o'=
Ep5
ii-E
<
& Fi
:J'=
6-3)o
9s
'too,
(5
.= oJ
h
sE9
e*
€ FE*
H.F
Ee3E
gti :
a
*cL
=(UO
o--
E
f()o
E5 @= a
c)E
L-.L
c)
>-H>
beb
-U)-
-o:-o
oooEoc
(!oguo
ct
.=o
troo
LG
g) oF
(r)o5N
rt
ze
uz
oo
FOU
bH
E<
>c
ur(,
6H
9o
tr
ui
?i
-o
lruJ
3=
=2
-ul
TJO
E2
io
urdEo-
(, FFFN
ro
c.j
t.c) N
sflr)
o)o
gg
:$fr € H,E_3 t H E s
=
gE
eE Es-€ E € _-p f I E : s ee
tie;fi; g gEfi F=E!EE€ .;E
Y " o
'6 oo;
= s='s -.EE E
",
flg g $ g E
i- E ; qE
EEF€;:EiE ECE Etg-E*i€E fr ?-E
;Ffi ;gii E g*u #Igg
;fi f;fi E# €E $E+E=ggE EEe ihE=iis,s*E €
i€ f c I
-^)
5;fr ;EImE EEi E;E* fiE Es F=EEE
EEE filii
i- a
g g gEi i
gg
Eg
gE
iE i iE E$i ::
*E- Es-s Is *
t : E * t;t
g g
Eg Et E; EE I* Bt
e gF8 .eo= E Hbs ".iE' E: E
: i E r Egs : I
=;
:E
Eg E; €{
{;*
P 8;3 .eF
E 6FE s4
e s;; Efq; sc E E
-
E € HEE + * eB eE gi gE
*a; $iA
&, E€6 3p
E B8B ==eg EE E g E E f
pEE g g gg g; gs g.H s:

E €g€ Eo o - ni c.j 999 Eg;gpt ;.*FHfiHfffr hfifi F E F F Ee; sE
;=lHt
ill E 2l
L
t!
E
o
F
t
o
|-
N
$
ZE
uz
oo
FOU
6o
Efi
>4
utO
6H
9o
E
ti
-o
lr
I
ul
:g
=2
Ilo
cz
io
urd
gE
L
o
0 F
F
rF
N
ts
8@
9o
ad
ad
E=
(5c) 3*
(g7i
9pc
*o-
>(U
.o+
(5O
'Ec, b=
e2o
s(D
EO
EH
'clf; oo
CA
'6EE
'-E
iLE
69 EU,
-ac
g.c
-d
o!2
B.=
69 61
o.2
(5
c o)*,
'.E (,).=
qs
I9Er
C6 ^L
6 '-Ae
g-.-
(5
l8gQ)
^r-
-q, o .!l'6
F>E
(sOit)
l(!i=
rrt
tLE
o.=
L.A
"dE
a>
fo|
O(/)
3EFo
C.
(Eto
o. oE
(ti
TLoLE
F-
(Uc
-oO=
.N
C) c
TLo
.9
q)
C)oc
(Uo
E
o
c_
*E
ta
OJ
o-=
o.=
Er-_
--c
8E
-9)
(s(/)
.= o_
Qt
fo
-oo
Eo
(so
(s
q)oEoLooLL
q)
()
o)
't E
.9
o,
3>=
-(s
=.9 (5E
tEoi
Eb
QE =(5
.o.c
j.c
9'
ro@n
6t
OE
o-o
U'C
6o
E-e
(5'=
YO
t=
Eb
=(s
Eg,
5a
s8.

Eg =
o-(,
'=s
o)o
-c
gts
A5cr c
O)
.c
-coLo
()oo.ooocLo
-o
(ucoo
o.
oo)
(u
(to
-o
q)
f,ca)
oo- oEoE
-o
ci
lo@"{
=i
-co
o-o
c(5
"-o
_o
A\)
3iq
oa
lo
co
..i
c/)o
(u
C) o
U)
(s
(U
oo- ooLo
-o
q)
'=Eo)o
<') E)
U' Fo
(socoL
(5Lo
.c
.o
(5Focoo
(Lo
o- 6=.9
o
d)
tLo
a- E
.(.)o
(s
r)
ci -Coa
:F
(')
(go
ct)o
o- a
(E
(s
ooo)
(5g)L
(t,)
oo- oE
c)
io
-ot
Ui o!
-c
(5o
!
oE
U, o
'5
lo
cooo
()fEoc
(UgELo
o_oE
.cEf
o) Fo
(sE
-=
?ui ooE
oo) oc
(5cE
U' f
IL
()
.q)g
()ja
.g) cooc
-coLo
o- oE
(Uco
rtsoE
(ULELo)
c')
-c
dr
rr)
t-"i
JO_
Xo=oe(l)
oL
9(J
L- E(u =c
FC
q)
iD
.d)
pit o'6
(ob
6Y
U'*
Oi a
(t, 3o-oL
(E€EocE
.c
rFoLE
(UoLoE
-c
.lJ
cE
p;
F-C
€ar
o)
=(D
-L
(l)cL
_-C ;1
lr)
Fo{
..i
eE-9()
CF
6a =6)
sE
E(E
:'o
(E
'a v)- 'j'-o c
k
o(E0
-o'E
? =otr
g_(E
o)=
o
Eg:
9(l)0
o.ly
8E
PE;.
9sFE
EE
p
F
(D-Yts
oeo
t b*
6;,9
d
-P
60Ebt]6
c'r=
oh-!
Eqoai
o (/)
(EJIC (s
6 P;61
fe*=
55 e
a6-o
E
c'; oe
cU E= a)
o Q ES
^
L)'-
--g.= d
(o
*i-c (t)
E''a E
6 5g b;
€ ?58
E.E.E i '6 ?o K
co 65
3 rr)
F- ^i -
ro
Fc.i
fi€
aiE=o
;E
e6
E'ei
oo
o@J
FC
oo
-)
€=
(En
.-LFa
.aooE
o- oo
(scEooE
E-
.9a3=
o- b
.ojto=.9Lo
o- otaoC
atoLEa
rF =o)
€5
oo
LL
EE
>o
.oE
;.8
-aLL
bot9
:^u)
:o
oEoocLEooE
o_
.ocooE
o)3-oEoE
-oo
_ga
>\
.g
9(s
-e
-cE
o€
9!
E6
*t
gF
g,
tL
o>
L>
(UC)
>.o
(EE
b(E
co
zl
ol
FI
uit
@
5ooE
!.9
9; oc
()o)coL
(uLE
(E3oc
rFoLo
c)Eoc$
()o-
(5
iaocB
(saooca
.=J
.o6
(ucEooEa
.oo
-c.
lO
F- -
uJ3
o)
o'=
E9
OE EoEoL
:=Eo
iEo
c)c
()
.oo
(uLooJL
'<t
(5E
(g
.lt E
.=
.oc
(sLo@
.9
(Uoco
ct
zl
ol
FI
uit
FO
to
oP
E()
aE
tu\
9cl =(s
O.=
EC
(5'-
lo
-oE
aio
Os
0'9.
.tt
g:t s3
o)=
Eg
96!

9.=
Xo)
'-c €cr
!a
-
qo E5U9- = E.E 8
EU3
€;.E
6iDo
oo
'E
E:6g
(/) O=
.:* (D ;i
9l oi
6=
o
tt- g.

E
G_c!
-a7 ()(l):l
HS Oocg)(s
>
(L(/)iE
?i(Uo
9oS
c-
-oo*6
EEE
b=9>
tE oE
d=s
'XE= aeE
iIotco
U'
CLo
.Eoo
.ll
ol
EI
>t
ol
al
3l
ol
ol
thl =l
oI
(sI
ol
ol
PI
o-l
(EI
>t
6,I
-cl
.91
ol
al
a.l
ol
ol
;l
CI
>I
OI
6l
rI
J
3l
ol
9lo
oI
al
bl
EI
ol
ul
cl
ol
il
.91
u'la =lo
sl;
slI
(,lg
pl*
ol9
cl-c
.'lo
trG
gt oF
toobN
\t
ZE
uz
oo
F€
bH
=<
>E
lll(J

6.t
9oL
Ui
-o
lruJ
Tg
i2
IJO
E-
>o
f;i Lo
.9FFFN
lo
oio (0 lf)
t-
-9 i6
--
.=6c
Xrz-o
Xor=I
@ sg;
--
E
EEF
8e
EE
=>-
(s(l)>p
s
699
8'E
dE
Ee3a
E 3a
(l)-
eoc
.=Ahalro
6 E6E
ii .e)
€t s
E
ea:
be

3.e
e
c (s(L
(l)
Egc
*oo
s€_E
tqr.E;
$o^
='-
E EE
a
89e,
?'=
E
FEP
€sE
g(U(D
EE L 3E
o-
.*{ =pa=
Fg
>f
.@O
6o
>g
9-=
>(u
AE
AE
oo
-)*(O
9s.
a>
.g);
(5l
.2a
arI
a>
sa
si(u
9e
-co
E5
oE
63 8E
69 c
-
aYoRP
=
E"o
Etr
::-c E
6a
€E;
E99P
o di=
o cF
(g4
'EtSCJE
38$
c>-
(l)
>
(DF(/)
':Pd
(U'=
o (l)=
o_5
B
b
E><n
o'3
€
,-_o6
Hc
L- Ef;E
8EgL q E--
co
;E*
o.-x.(/)
9eB
E5u)
E=
E E9
5H t
E_
=9L
fo>
=g .9 h: 4 (/)E
P a=,.

C d) -s,
€ EF*
! EE
g
b aE i
OP
HFEE
F E
EEE
i(5@:
66E5
iB
-\
gF'.E
'oglbE
E6€q
g,
r
'= Fe6 'R N oo-
.== itr r,
€E 3e
FStg
ooEE
fit
trE
Et o5
(,o
=
=oo>e
()
LJ-
.Ecb
o-E
- 19
EE
EE.
.2oE
olc^E
o60
re
.!l
-c5
Er€
Ea;
(2 o-
-
m8q.lf r..
*n ooE
II
o
u) -s
o

66.=
.69.:
t= 're i
> ot
etr
g
Xm
sE#
ES3
=,r3oi-'-
U'C
o)
CC
(s c'=
g e'E
o f
- (/)89,
: E.=
-- o c L C)9 A
8 F EE
E
-
L.o)
H.E g,E
(E.=
>
-,
$.96.9
-g. 2 ^,
b y
=e tr.9 60-
oL
CI'
c)
:oX(5
cc
(/)o
oc
CD
c)
t')
c)oc
vi 3
c)
q) cooEoELo
o)
(uLE
.c
(', c
'6LL
c)
(t,
o- oc
'6-o=oa=o
(5
.<f
v)EoE
-o
dr
>(s
co-c
gO
Ed
= Pb
g E'E
€
_so
6:
8!
F
F
o(/)^ E6r,
./>o EEP
O}J
O.E
c(Eo
>,QE
E!EL
-
Q--
.-ts
--o.(I)
F3Eo
E
>oL

5.e
-, 8.E
E
FeH
Fe
t P.o
0 .o5.-
5(l)(5
bEE
E..
o
t5.9
ET
EQ!qE
(l)
oE8
o=f
g,tsE
(/)o
(U'E
S=9-
o=
>G(l)
>
.6€
>d(s
(E=OctroooY
o;=
PeEE
ocG
tr J
.9
iI oEg
q)
.Eo3
U; so
U'
o)
(so
ut
'= E
b3
-(5
oo
op=a
G(5
>q
6<
oP
O@
6q
F.-
a_-
iDE
ed
CF
o€
E6
o-(,)
rpO
tro
0).g
LL 9E
oo
EP
-o
ad
o(u
+tJ
oQ
€€
.c
(h
c)a
xo
Ya-
:o,
g0
2'-6
oQ
OE
.U'
-o
&lo
oc
(o(l)
q) E
(E5Eoo
(EooJL
(UoooE
o-
-go
P
co
OYL
ll
>,tr
E€
(E
o_ (D
5m6g
trFc
.q,
o'F
gc
oo)
o'-o
(l)(t)
>o-L
o
o:i
5r
-t.Y
E!q
o-o
Eo
6''
o
c
.v.