Sacramento City Council
November 19, 2024

Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 275 of 476
Section 2: Individual Historic District Plans
North 16th Street Historic District Plan 273
Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalNorth 16th Street’s status as a major distribution point for agricultural produce and automotive center began to shift in the 1960s. In 1963, the deep water channel of the Port of Sacramento opened in West Sacramento.13 The Port was built to serve as an inland port for the agricultural industry and specialized in the movement of agricultural goods.14 Its completion drew this kind of activity away from traditional
shipping and distribution centers in Sacramento.15
Meanwhile, the construction of interstate highways
around the city diverted automotive traffic from older
transportation corridors, such as North 16th Street.16
By 1966, the railroad spurs that had played an integral role in the development of an industrial corridor along North 16th Street were taken out of service and removed.17
By the 1980s, many of the industries that had contributed to North 16th Street’s vibrance were declining. In 1981, the California Packing Company closed its Del Monte canning facilities, which had employed many Sacramentans. Blue Diamond Growers moved into the company’s canning facilities along the B Street levee a few years later. Also in 1981, the Southern Pacific Railroad’s workshops, which had driven much of the industrial development of North 16th Street, began to shrink in size and labor force. The workshops finally closed in 1999.18
Throughout its history, North 16th Street’s
predominately industrial character and isolation from the city had attracted homeless, transient, and offseason agricultural workers tothe area, acharacteristic that persists in the twenty-first century. The proximity of the Southern Pacific Railroad depot contributed to the influx of homeless men to the area, due to the subculture of “hobos” who traveled the country by jumping on and off freight trains.19 During the Great Depression, Hoovervilles of makeshift shelters sprang up along the American River, levees, and railroad tracks north of Sacramento. These encampments were home to thousands of unemployed workers.20 Drawn by the population of homeless and transients residing in the area, religious and charitable organizations, such as Loaves and Fishes, moved into several buildings along North 16th Street after the industrial and agricultural tenants moved out in the 1980s and began serving the surrounding community.

They continue to occupy a large portion of the historic district, particularly the former industrial buildings on North C Street.21 Meanwhile, commercial and recreational businesses have replaced earlier agricultural and industrial tenants on North 16th Street.
13 Steven Avella, Sacramento: Indomitable City (San Francisco: Arcadia Publishing, 2003), 124.
14 “Sacramento Deep Water Ship Channel Limited Reevaluation Report (LRR) with Project Economic Analysis,” (report, US Army Corps of Engineers, 2011), https://www.spn.usace.army.mil/portals/68/docs/srdwsc/appendix_e.pdf. 15 Environmental Science Associates, “R Street Corridor Historic District Survey Report,” (report, City of Sacramento Preservation Commission, 2017), 8. 16 William Burg, Sacramento’s K Street: Where Our City Was Born (Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2012), 137-183.
17 Dudek, “Cultural Resources Report for the Blue Diamond Growers (BDG) A Street Annex Building Project,” 2018, 20.
18 Avella, 147-148.
19 Historic Environment Consultants, 12. 20 Gary Brechin and Lee M.A. Simpson, “Unseen Investment: New Deal Sacramento,” in River City and Valley Life: An Environmental History of the Sacramento Region, ed. Christopher J. Castaneda and Lee M.A. Simpson (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2013), 187. 21 Historic Environment Consultants, 13.

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Section 2: Individual Historic District Plans
North 16th Street Historic District Plan 274
Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalSignificanceThe North 16th Street Historic District was designated for listing on the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources by the City Preservation Commission in 2011 in Ordinance #2011-011. At that time, it was determined to meet all of the requirements and factors for listing as defined by Sacramento City Code.

The following table provides a current evaluation of significance under the requirements and considers the factors based on the above historic district context and the 2018 historic district survey. Additionally, this historic district relates to the Agricultural; Railroad; and World War II, Transportation, and Redevelopment Context Statements of the city’s General Plan Technical Background Report. (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (a) The North 16th Street Historic District meets requirement (a) for listing on the Sacramento Register, because it is a geographically definable area.
(b)(i) The North 16th Street Historic District meets requirement (b)(i) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area that possesses “a significant concentration or continuity of buildings unified by: (A) past events or (B) aesthetically by plan or physical development.” The properties in the district are unified aesthetically and thematically by their development in one of Sacramento’s primary industrial centers. The design and development of the buildings reflect their original industrial function and share similar patterns of development and design. They were strategically located along spurs of the railroad and the major highway connection of North 16th Street in order to efficiently transport goods to market. Reflecting their utilitarian use, the buildings were constructed largely out of unpainted brick in vernacular styles with minimal decoration or embellishment. Many buildings include loading bays and curve to conform to the adjacent railroad tracks. The continuous use of several of these buildings for industrial or commercial purposes is a testament to the functionality of their design. Despite decades of use, renovations, and in some cases neglect, the buildings continue to reflect their historic character. (b)(ii) The North 16th Street Historic District meets requirement (b)(ii) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area “associated with an event, person, or period significant or important to city history.” The historic district preserves a collection of buildings that are representative of Sacramento’s role as the main terminal and produce distribution point for the region’s agricultural industry from the early- to mid-twentieth century. In particular, the resources in the district reflect the invaluable connection between the establishment of the Central and Southern Pacific Railroads in Sacramento and the growth of these agricultural industries, both of which represented the major employers for the city’s workforce and contributed to Sacramento’s development into a major metropolitan city. (c) The North 16th Street Historic District meets requirement (c) for listing on the Sacramento Register as it aligns with the goals and purposes of historic preservation in Sacramento, as well as the city’s other goals and policies. Per the Sacramento City Code, the preservation of the district enhances the “city’s economic, cultural and aesthetic standing, its identity and its livability, marketability, and urban character.” Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 277 of 476
Section 2: Individual Historic District Plans
North 16th Street Historic District Plan 275
Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalPeriod of Significance:1905-1963The period of significance for the North 16th Street Historic District begins with the reclamation of the former channel of the American River and surrounding area by 1905, after which development of the industrial corridor began, and ends with the opening of the Port of Sacramento in 1963, which diverted agricultural shipping and distribution activity away from North 16th Street.

Property Types from the Periodof Significance
x Industrial x Commercial
Architectural Styles from thePeriod of Significance
x Vernacular
x Spanish Revival
x Commercial Types:
o One-Part Commercial Block o Two-Part Commercial Block (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (2) Factors to be considered (a) Factor (2)(a) states that “a historic district should have integrity of design, setting, materials, workmanship and association.” The North 16th Street Historic District retains sufficient integrity to meet this factor for consideration as a historic district. (b) Factor (2)(b) states that “the collective historic value of the buildings and structures in a historic district taken together may be greater than the historic value of each individual building or structure.” The North 16th Street Historic District meets this factor because its buildings and structures represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose collective historic value is greater when taken as a whole.

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Section 2: Individual Historic District Plans
North 16th Street Historic District Plan 276
Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalCharacter-Defining FeaturesThe following table is based on the list of character-defining features in Ordinance #2011-011 and revised based on the 2018 historic district survey.

Element Character of Historic District
Use x Primarily industrial buildings with some commercial buildings concentrated along 16th Street
Mass & Form x Various sized one- to two-and-and-one-half story buildings (with high floor to ceiling dimensions), ranging from large footprint warehouse/distribution/manufacturing buildings to smaller accessory or commercial buildings x Some exterior walls curve along adjacent rail spur alignments x Interiors of many are large open areas
Cladding x Predominately unpainted brick, corrugated metal, reinforced concrete, concrete block, plaster, or wood siding
x Wood timber truss or metal support structures
Roofs x Flat or bowed roofs, often with stepped, arched, or variously shaped parapets x Corrugated metal or clay tile roofs
Entries & Doors x Large truck bays, concrete loading docks, truck ramps primarily located along the eastwest streets Windows x Industrial metal sash windows x Some commercial buildings with large, showroom windows on first stories, generally along North 16th Street
Ornamentation x Spanish Revival details, such as clay tile ornaments x Decorative cornices
x Blind arches
Property Landscape
x Most buildings and structures are built to property lines and oriented to transportation alignments, whether streets or railroad tracks for car-, truck-, or rail-related operations x Minimal or no property landscaping
Streetscape x Most east-west streets and rail spur alignments dominated by transportation and loading functions and are not developed with standard curbs, gutters, sidewalks, planter strips, or street trees x Railroad tracks of the rail spurs
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Section 2: Individual Historic District Plans
North 16th Street Historic District Plan 277
Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalBoundaries & LocationThe following map shows the boundaries and location of the North 16th Street Historic District.

To view the statuses of individual properties as contributing or non-contributing resources to the historic district, refer to the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources.

Figure 222. Map of the North 16th Street Historic District. Source: City of Sacramento and Page & Turnbull, 2019.

Legend
Historic District Boundary 0 200 400 600
°! Feet

JOHN MUIR

CHILDREN'S
PARK
TBD
TBD

AMERICAN
RIVER

PARKWAY
Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 280 of 476
Section 2: Individual Historic District Plans
North 16th Street Historic District Plan 278
Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalDistrict-Specific Standards &CriteriaDesign PrinciplePreserve the defining visual characteristics of this historic industrial and commercial corridor while encouraging a diverse range of businesses and mixeduse development that increases use and improve safety and walkability.

RationaleThe North 16th Street Historic District contains a significant concentration of industrial and commercial
buildings related to Sacramento’s railroad and agricultural history that has the potential to become a vibrant mixed-use neighborhood like the R Street Historic District. While the buildings are generally large in scale and share similar utilitarian materials and design features, they also exhibit a variety of floorplan shapes, roof forms, and façade treatments that create a visual richness from which future development in the area could draw inspiration. Underutilized buildings, vacant parcels, and parking lots in the historic district present opportunity sites for future development; however, the district’s location along a busy arterial highway, presence of homeless services and tent cities, and minimal streetscape improvements has historically depressed development that would increase foot traffic and introduce new uses to the area.

1. Rehabilitation of Contributing
Resources

1.1 Preserve and enhance the historic street-facing
orientation of primary building facades and entrances.

1.2 Preserve, repair, and maintain any surviving steel
frame windows, which significantly contribute to the industrial character of the district. x Reinstate multi-lite steel or wood frame
windows, where they have been removed, if there is adequate documentation and if feasible. x Replace missing historic street-facing
windows where feasible, if there is adequate
documentation to inform design.

1.3 Avoid painting or applying new finishes on
historically unpainted exterior masonry, particularly where historic painted signs (ghost signs) are present. x Consider removing paint or finishes from
historically unpainted exterior masonry, using the gentlest methods possible, during exterior repairs or renovations. x Maintain paint on exterior masonry where
likely to be the historic condition.

1.4 Restore window and door openings that have
been covered or filled in, where appropriate.

1.5 Preserve and reuse historic loading platforms.
x Encourage reuse of these platforms as part
of streetscape improvements to enhance the
pedestrian experience.
x Recreate historic loading platforms using
concrete or other compatible material.

1.6 Retain existing historic awnings, where possible.

Figure 223. Building facades and entrances in the district are oriented toward the street.

Figure 224. Steel frame windows have been preserved and maintained in this adaptively re-used building.

In addition to the Standards & Criteria Common to Sacramento's Historic Districts in Section 1, the following district-specific standards and criteria apply when planning a project in the North 16th Street Historic District.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans Final2. Additions & Accessory Structures for Contributing Resources

2.1 Design additions with proportions that are
compatible with the primarily low, horizontal massing of contributing buildings in the district. x Additions on secondary rear and side
elevations are preferred in most situations.
x Where rooftop additions are desired, use
step backs in order to maintain the existing street façade height of the contributing building. x Respect open areas that are part of historic
configuration or building siting, such as open
areas at loading or service zones, to the extent feasible.

Figure 225. Open areas, such as the courtyard in this U-shaped produce distribution building, reflect their historic use as spaces for vehicle maneuvering.

3.New (Infill) Construction &
Alterations to Non-Contributing Resources

3.1 Orient taller building masses and primary
facades of new construction toward North 16thStreet.
x Use step backs to maintain the existing
street façade height of adjacent contributing
resources.

3.2 Maintain the visibility of varying building profiles, shapes, and forms in the historic district.
x Avoid designs that result in rows of identical
facades or buildings.

Figure 226. Buildings in the district have little or no setback from the street and exhibit a variety of roof shapes.

3.3 Preserve the historic pattern of siting new
buildings with a zero-lot-line setback from the
street.

3.4 Use materials that are compatible with the
industrial or commercial character of adjacent contributing buildings. x The use of brick, corrugated metal, steel
casement windows and other utilitarian materials that are visible on adjacent contributing buildings is encouraged.

3.5 Incorporate awnings that reference the form,
scale, and materials of historic awnings.

3.6 Draw inspiration for building footprints from
the variety of footprints that are visible in contributing buildings in the historic district, ranging from rectilinear to curved or U-shaped.

Figure 227. Historic awnings on contributing buildings may serve as an inspiration for the addition or design of compatible new awnings.

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Section 2: Individual Historic District Plans
North 16th Street Historic District Plan 280

3.7 Design roofs to maintain the visual variety of
roof lines exhibited by contributing buildings, including medium- or low-pitched gabled, flat, or rounded roofs, and square, stepped, or rounded parapets.

3.8 Follow pattern of large garage door openings
that open out onto raised platforms (historically
loading bays).

3.9 Set back or break down new construction into
smaller modules to preserve the historic use of open areas as vehicle maneuvering spaces, while allowing for a more active use.

4.SiteFeatures,Streetscape, &
Landscaping

4.1 Pursue a “complete street” approach that
enhances pedestrian safety while preserving the historic district’s minimally landscaped industrial character.

4.2 Explore the addition of public art that
corresponds to the district’s industrial scale.

4.3 Add sidewalks that are compatible with the
district’s industrial character to improve pedestrian safety and encourage additional foot traffic. x Develop a street furnishing and lighting
palette that is industrial in character, scale, and material.

4.4 Preserve and enhance the visibility of surviving
physical elements that are associated with the railroad spurs that historically serviced the area (i.e. tracks, siding, end-of-track bumpers). x Explore developing pedestrian paths and
circulation around former railroad track routes.

4.5 Provide site and landscape features that address
curved building facades where railroad spurs influenced building shape.

4.6 Remove chain link fences and barbed wire
where consistent with the property's use.
x Replace chain link fences with fences that
are of a compatible material and height to historic or compatible new fences at contributing properties in the historic district Figure 228. Features associated with the historic presence of railroad spurs enhance the historic character of the district.

Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 283 of 476
Oak Park
Historic District Plan
Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 284 of 476
Section 2: Individual Historic District Plans
Oak Park Historic District Plan 282
Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalPhysical Description & BoundariesThe Oak Park Historic District is located to the southeast of Sacramento’s original 1848 city limits and consists primarily of a commercial corridor and a few perimeter single-family houses that are situated on the blocks immediately surrounding Broadway between 33rd and 36th streets. The district is bounded on the west by 33rd and 34th streets and on the
northeast by a zig-zagging line that weaves along Broadway at 2nd, 3rd, and 4th avenues before turning northwest along 4th Avenue and up 34th Street to 3rd
Avenue.

Figure 229. Bank building at the corner of Broadway and 3rd Avenue. To the right, narrow medians, planted with rows of palms, run down the center of Broadway.

Figure 231. A One-Part Commercial Block building with a Missionstyle parapet sits next to an infill housing development.

Figure 230. A variety of one-story commercial buildings, mostly brick, line Broadway.

Figure 232. Commercial development on Broadway gives way to single- and multi-family residences on the perimeter of the district.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalBrief Historic ContextThe Oak Park Historic District was originally part of the 230-acre William Doyle ranch, located outside and to the southeast of Sacramento’s 1848 city core. In 1887, real estate developer, Edwin K. Alsip, subdivided the ranch and renamed it “Oak Park” after an eight-acre grove of oak trees that grew in its center. Alsip, who also owned the Central Street Railway Company, extended the streetcar line from 2nd and H streets downtown to Oak Park – where it terminated at a public park, also known as Oak Park (now McClatchy Park) – thus creating Sacramento’s first streetcar suburb.

Development was slow in the beginning. The first parcels were purchased by real estate speculators, who held onto the land with the intention of reselling it at a higher price, and because Oak Park was not part of the City of Sacramento, it did not have access to the city’s sewer and water systems. Low-income residents moved in first, attracted by the low price of land and the lure of “no city taxes.”1 Hoping to lure more residents to the area, the investors of the Central Street Railway Company built an amusement park at the streetcar line’s terminus at Oak Park in 1894. Known as Joyland, the park included a dance floor, concert pavilion, concession stand, and later an outdoor theater, roller-skating rink, and other attractions.2 In 1906, the California State Fair relocated from downtown to a new fairground on Stockton Boulevard, east of Oak Park. This, along with the addition of another streetcar line operated by the Central California Traction Co., and the general improvement of economic conditions after 1900 brought more people to the area. In 1911, with the population expanding and pressures growing to address water and sewage issues, Oak Park was finally annexed into the City of Sacramento along with several other outlying neighborhoods. It was the first expansion of the city since it was platted in 1848.3 Oak Park developed into a middle-class residential
suburb with its own commercial district centered around Sacramento Avenue (now Broadway) from 31st to 35th streets. Brick shopfronts, theaters, and other cultural and institutional buildings sprang up along the streetcar line that traversed the 100-footwide main artery, replacing older, fire-prone wooden buildings. Local residents found employment nearby at the California State Fair Grounds, Libby, McNeil & Libby cannery on Alhambra and Stockton Boulevard, and the California Highway Commission at 34th and R streets.4 After the Depression and World War II, many
of Oak Park’s middle-class families and businesses relocated to automobile suburbs farther from the city center. The migration of middle-class residents opened the door to African American residents, who were being pushed out of their previous homes in the West End by redevelopment projects and prohibited from settling in other neighborhoods by discriminatory housing covenants. As a result, Oak Park developed a new cultural identity as an African American neighborhood. The Shiloh Baptist Church relocated from downtown to Oak Park in 1957, and in 1958 George Seabron, who worked for fair Figure 233. Central Street Railway streetcar to Oak Park (ca. 1890). Source: California History Room, California State Library, Sacramento, California.

Figure 234. Streetcar tracks leading to the entrance to Oak Park (1910). Source: California History Room, California State Library, 1 William Burg, “A Brief History of Oak Park,” Midtown Monthly, February Sacramento, California. 1, 2010, http://www.midtownmonthly.net/life/a-brief-history-of-oak-park/. 2 Niki Kangas, “Joyland,” Midtown Monthly, 1 February 2010, http://www. midtownmonthly.net/life/joyland/. 3 Burg.
4 “Oak Park Historic District,” (Ordinance #2007-094 and #2008-11, Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources, 2014), 2.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalFigure 235. The Bank of America building at the corner of Broadway and 3rd Avenue (1944). Source: California History Room, California State Library, Sacramento, California.
housing with the NAACP and Urban League and on the campaigns of Governor Edmund “Pat” Brown and Hubert Humphrey, began selling real estate in Oak Park to Sacramento’s African American community. Other
social organizations and cultural institutions followed, such as the Sacramento Observer, a weekly African American newspaper; Women’s Civic Improvement Club; and Sacramento Black Panther Party.

The end of streetcar service in 1946, combined with the construction of U.S. Highway 50 and U.S. Highway 99 in the 1950s and 1960s, cut Oak Park off from the rest of the city and exacerbated growing social issues caused by increasing levels of poverty. In 1968, the State Fair relocated to its current location at CalExpo, removing another major economic driver from the area. Social tensions erupted in confrontations between local residents and the police, first in the 1969 Oak Park Riots and again in 1970 after the shooting of a police officer resulted in the arrest of four Black Panther Party members.5 After the riots, several of Oak Park’s long-standing businesses, including Steen’s Bar and Clarence Azevedo’s clothing store, closed down and never reopened. Meanwhile, urban renewal projects led to the demolition of most of Oak Park’s historic business district along 35th Street. More recently, Oak Park has experienced a period of urban revitalization. An influx of Latino and Asian residents and an increase in white collar jobs, especially at the nearby U.C. Davis Medical Center, have shifted the neighborhood’s demographics and brought new residents and businesses to the area. The City has adopted a master plan for McClatchy Park, and redevelopment projects, such as the restoration of the Guild Theater and Lewis Building, now focus on historic preservation and infill development with the goal of creating a socially and ethnically diverse community.6 5 Burg.
6 Robin Datel, “Central Oak Park Walking Tour, Sacramento, California,” (brochure, California State University Sacramento, Department of Geography), 5.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalSignificanceThe Oak Park Historic District was designated for listing on the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources by the City Preservation Commission in 2007 in Ordinance #2007-084 and revised in 2008 in Ordinance #2008-011. At the time of its designation, the district was determined to meet all three of the requirements and both of the factors for listing as defined by Sacramento City Code.

The following table provides a current evaluation of significance under the requirements and considers the factors based on the above historic district context and the 2018 historic district survey. Additionally, this historic district relates to the Railroad Context Statement of the city’s General Plan Technical Background Report. (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (a) The Oak Park Historic District meets requirement (a) for listing on the Sacramento Register, because it is a geographically definable area.
(b)(i) The Oak Park Historic District meets requirement (b)(i) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area that possesses “a significant concentration or continuity of buildings unified by: (A) past events or (B) aesthetically by plan or physical development.” The district contains a concentration of buildings that are unified by their association with Oak Park’s development as a streetcar suburb that became a uniquely self-sustaining community outside of Sacramento’s 1848 core. Oak Park was first subdivided in 1887, but the majority of development did not take place until after the neighborhood was annexed into the city of Sacramento in 1911. Commercial, civic, and cultural buildings were concentrated along the Central Street Railway streetcar line, which connected residents to downtown Sacramento. The line operated through Oak Park along Sacramento Avenue (Broadway) and turned down 35th Street to its terminus at the Joyland amusement park. These buildings, most of them constructed in brick during the 1910s and 1920s, replaced earlier wooden buildings and represented many of Oak Park’s most important businesses and institutions. The concentration of important businesses along a busy, central artery formed a second downtown with a main street like those in many California towns in the early twentieth century. The Oak Park Historic District contains the remnants of this once vital commercial and recreational corridor, as well some of the residences that were built in the neighborhood during its development in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalPeriod of Significance:1887-1969The period of significance for the Oak Park Historic District begins with the neighborhood’s subdivision in 1887 and concludes with the Oak Park Riots in 1969, after which many long-standing businesses closed and never reopened.

Property Types from the Periodof Significance
x Commercial
x Institutional/Civic
x Residential
x Recreational
Architectural Styles from thePeriod of Significance
x Stick/Eastlake
x Queen Anne x Romanesque Revival
x Colonial Revival
x Classic Box
x Neoclassical
x Italian Renaissance
x Mission
x Mediterranean Revival
x Prairie
x Craftsman
x Airplane Bungalows
x Minimal Traditional
x Commercial Styles:
o One-Part Commercial Block o Two-Part Commercial Block o Enframed Window Wall o Temple Front o Arcaded Block (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (b)(ii) The Oak Park Historic District meets requirement (b)(ii) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area “associated with an event, person, or period significant or important to city history.” The district is associated with the development of streetcar suburbs on previously rural, agricultural land of outlying areas outside of Sacramento’s original street grid. Oak Park became Sacramento’s first streetcar suburb when Edwin K. Alsip subdivided the land that had previously been part of William Doyle’s farm and extended the Central Street Railway streetcar line to it in 1887. The neighborhood’s first residents were attracted by the availability of affordable and plentiful land, lack of city taxes, and access to streetcar service that could transport them to their places of work downtown. By 1911, Oak Park and several other residential neighborhoods outside Sacramento had grown enough that they were formally annexed into the city. The incorporation of these new neighborhoods into Sacramento was the first formal expansion of the city’s boundaries since it was first laid out in 1848 and represented the beginning of a trend that continued throughout the rest of the century as the growing city continued to annex additional, surrounding suburbs and subdivisions.

Additionally, Oak Park is significant for its association with the 1969 Oak Park Riots during which Sacramento police engaged in a shootout with the Sacramento chapter of the Black Panther Party. The event led to the closure of many longstanding businesses in the neighborhood and departure of residents from the area. (c) The Oak Park Historic District meets requirement (c) for listing on the Sacramento Register as it aligns with the goals and purposes of historic preservation in Sacramento, as well as the city’s other goals and policies. Per the Sacramento City Code, the preservation of the district enhances the “city’s economic, cultural and aesthetic standing, its identity and its livability, marketability, and urban character.” Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 289 of 476
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(B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (2) Factors to be considered (a) Factor (2)(a) states that “a historic district should have integrity of design, setting, materials, workmanship and association.” The Oak Park Historic District retains sufficient integrity to meet this factor for consideration as a historic district. (b) Factor (2)(b) states that “the collective historic value of the buildings and structures in a historic district taken together may be greater than the historic value of each individual building or structure.” The Oak Park Historic District meets this factor because its buildings and structures represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose collective historic value is greater when taken as a whole.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalCharacter-Defining FeaturesThe following table is based on the list of character-defining features in Ordinance #2007-094 and revised based on the 2018 historic district survey.

Element Character of Historic District Element Character of Historic District Use x Predominately late nineteenth- and early twentiethcentury commercial buildings mixed with a few residential, institutional, civic, and recreational buildings
x Residential buildings primarily located on streets radiating off Broadway to the north and south
Ornamentation x Neoclassical details on some commercial buildings, including Corinthian columns, rusticated first stories, and dentils along cornice x Prairie details on some commercial buildings, including wide overhanging eaves and geometrical motifs
x Queen Anne and Stick/Eastlake details on some residential buildings, including incised brackets under roof eaves; slender, turned porch posts and balusters; patterned shingles on gabled ends, and turrets x Craftsman details on some residential buildings, such as exposed rafter tails, wood braces, tapered square columns, and low shed dormers Mass & Form x One- and two-story commercial, recreational, and residential buildings
x Commercial buildings typically have storefronts on first story and residential units above
Cladding x Exteriors of commercial, civic/institutional, and recreational buildings predominately brick, sometimes in decorative patterns or covered in stucco x Exteriors of residential buildings predominately clad in wood siding, typically two- or three-lap siding or shingles Property Landscape
x Minimal or no property landscaping
Streetscape x Angled cut of Broadway through grid, creating the opportunity for “Flatiron” style corner buildings
x Rows of mature, evenly spaced, California fan palms
planted in narrow medians down the center of Broadway
x Rows of mature, evenly spaced, deciduous street trees planted in parking strips along north-south residential streets Roofs x Predominately flat roofs, often with square or Missionstyle parapets; few side-gabled roofs x Houses with prominent front-facing gables x Some red clay tile roofs Entries & Doors x Recessed, central entrances facing Broadway x Corner or flatiron-style entries facing the intersection of cross streets
Windows x Wood or metal-framed storefront windows, many with multi-lite transoms
x Punched, double-hung wood windows on upper floors
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Boundaries & LocationThe following map shows the boundaries and location of the Oak Park Historic District. To view the statuses of individual properties as contributing or non-contributing resources to the historic district, refer to the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources.

Figure 236. Map of the Oak Park Historic District. Source: City of Sacramento and Page & Turnbull, 2019.

Legend
Historic District Boundary
w
0 100 200 300 400
°! Feet
Marshall Way
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District-Specific Standards &CriteriaDesign PrinciplePreserve and maintain the historic character of the Oak Park Historic District as the core of Sacramento’s earliest streetcar suburb outside the Central City, while encouraging compatible new development that enhances this character.RationaleThe Oak Park Historic District preserves the historic commercial core and several adjacent residential properties of the Oak Park neighborhood, a streetcar suburb that developed outside Sacramento’s original street grid in the late nineteenth century. The contributing buildings in the district are wellpreserved and many have been continuously adapted and re-used, forming a vibrant cultural and commercial
center for the surrounding neighborhood. The district
has experienced an increase in recent development and reinvestment, which, along with the strong stock of historic buildings and number of vacant parcels and parking lots, present the opportunities that are likely to continue to attract new development to the area.

1. Rehabilitation of Contributing
Resources

1.1 Make every effort to preserve, repair, and
maintain any surviving metal or wood frame windows, which significantly contribute to the commercial character of the district. x Re-instate multi-lite metal or wood frame
windows, where they have been removed, if there is adequate documentation and if feasible.

1.2 Avoid filling in or obstructing historic window or
door openings.

1.3 Re-open historic window and door openings
that have been filled in.
x Use compatible new windows and door
materials, types, and forms.

1.4 Avoid painting or applying new finishes on
historically unpainted exterior masonry, particularly where historic painted signs (ghost signs) are present. x Consider removing paint or finishes from
historically unpainted exterior masonry, using the gentlest methods possible, during exterior repairs or renovations. x Maintain paint on exterior masonry where
likely to be the historic condition.

2. Additions & Accessory Structures
for Contributing Resources

2.1 Design additions with proportions that are
compatible with the primarily horizontal or box-like massing of contributing buildings in the district. x Place additions on secondary rear and side
elevations, when possible.
x Where rooftop additions are desired, use
step backs in order to maintain the existing street façade height.

2.2 Use durable, high-quality materials that are
compatible with the materials of adjacent contributing buildings in the district such as stone or brick.

Figure 237. Commercial buildings with brick cladding are characteristic of the district.

In addition to the Standards & Criteria Common to Sacramento's Historic Districts in Section 1, the following district-specific standards and criteria apply when planning a project in the Oak Park Historic District.

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3.New (Infill) Construction &
Alterations to Non-Contributing Resources

3.1 Provide a building setback that generally aligns
with and is reflective of the existing pattern of setbacks in front of contributing commercial and residential buildings in the district.

3.2 Design new commercial construction to be as
compatible with the scale, height, massing, orientation, materials, architectural character, and pedestrian-oriented landscaping of the historic district as possible. x Where buildings taller than the surrounding
contributing buildings are proposed, consider using step backs to maintain the existing street facade height of adjacent contributing buildings. x Taller heights and larger masses may be
appropriate for buildings sited at street corners along Broadway.

3.3 Draw inspiration for the design of new
commercial and mixed-use properties from contributing commercial and mixed-use properties in the district.

3.4 Consider corner entries that face the primary
street frontages for the primary entrance of a new building that is sited at an intersection of two streets or abuts a public plaza.

4.Site Features, Streetscape, &
Landscaping

4.1 Preserve, maintain, and where necessary, repair
or replant historic features and plantings in the landscaped medians on Broadway. x If it becomes necessary to replace mature
palm street trees, replace them in kind with the same species or a compatible species that will grow to a similar height, size, and form.

4.2 Maintain, preserve, and, where necessary,
repair and restore historic lighting and signage features.

Figure 238. These new buildings reference the height, scale, materials, and flatiron form of contributing historic buildings in the district.

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4.3 Use signage methods, materials, and proportions
that are reflective of those of historic signage used on contributing properties within the district.

4.4 Encourage a streetscape palette, including
lighting, street furniture and street tree planting
pattern, that is compatible with the materials, scale, and architectural character of the district.

4.5 Preserve and maintain historic horse rings in
their historic locations.

4.6 Avoid creating new curb cuts along Broadway.
x Locate parking and service access along
side streets and alleys, and use landscaping features to screen from the public right-ofway wherever possible.

4.7 Consider dedicating recaptured right-of-way
space for plaza use, similar to 3rd Avenue and Broadway.

Figure 239. This new signage is compatible with the scale, materials, and pedestrian-orientation of the district.

Figure 240. The regular rows of palms in the medians and diagonal alignment of Broadway are a character-defining features of the district.

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Old
Washington School
Historic District Plan
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalPhysical Description & BoundariesThe Old Washington School Historic District (formerly Washington Historic District) is a primarily residential area located within Sacramento’s original 1848 street grid and is roughly bounded to the east and west by commercial development along 12th and 16th streets, to the north by industrial development along C Street, and to the south by mixed commercial and institutional development along G Street.

Figure 241. The Old Washington School Historic District contains houses built in a variety of Victorian styles. Figure 243. Modern infill (background) borders the district to the east.

Figure 242. A row of Queen Anne style houses on 15th Street between E and F streets.

Figure 244. A group of tall, turn-of-the-century apartment buildings on G and 14th streets.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalBrief Historic ContextThe Old Washington School Historic District preserves a portion of the Washington neighborhood, one of Sacramento’s oldest residential neighborhoods that developed along the city’s first streetcar lines in the 1870s. The neighborhood is named after the Washington Elementary School, which moved from its original location at 13th and G streets to the intersection of 18th and E streets, now a part of the
New Washington School Historic District, in 1916.1
Sacramento’s first streetcar line began service in 1870 under the ownership of the City Street Railway. The line consisted of horse-drawn cars that ran from the Central Pacific Railroad station on Sacramento’s waterfront at Front and K streets down H Street to the State Agricultural Society’s California State Fairgrounds at 20th and G streets. Streetcar service attracted
prominent local business owners to settle along H
Figure 245. The Washington School at its original location at the corner of 13th and G streets (1936). Source: California History Room, California State Library, Sacramento, California.

Street, including brewery owner Frank Ruhstaller and longtime Huntington-Hopkins Hardware manager Albert Gallatin. H Street became known as “Merchants’ Row” as a result. The concentration of stately homes in the area, meanwhile, gave the surrounding neighborhood another name: Mansion Flats.2 The name “Mansion Flats,” however, belies the reality
that the neighborhood was a predominately middleclass residential area. Employees of the Southern Pacific Railroad and the city’s other industries lived in smaller houses on the blocks to the north of G Street that make up the present-day Old Washington School Historic District. Unlike the wealthy elites living along H Street, many of whom owned their own private carriages, the streetcar line provided a vital service to the workers who lived in the neighborhood and used it to travel to their places of work downtown.3 As the neighborhood grew in the late nineteenth century, streetcar service continued to expand. The H Street line was discontinued in 1892; the following year, it was replaced by a new line of electric streetcars operated by the Central Electric Railroad Company, which ran along G Street from 7th to 19th streets. The line was considered “a great convenience to people residing in the northern and northeastern portions of the city, who had been without a railway ever since the H Street line was discontinued,” and was believed to “greatly enhance the value of property in that portion of the city.”4 2 Ibid.
3 William Burg, “Sacramento’s Streetcar Suburbs,” Sacramento History Figure 246. 1923 map of Sacramento’s streetcar lines (dotted lines) and highways (solid lines), showing the variety of transportation options around the Washington neighborhood. The location of the Old Washington School Historic District is outlined in green. Source: Center for Sacramento History, 1979/X-003/00005, edited by Page & Turnbull.

By 1923, the Washington neighborhood—named after the relocation of the Washington Elementary School in 1916—was bordered by several major transportation corridors. Streetcar lines ran down G Street and 15th Street, which was also part of the state highway system along with the neighborhood’s western boundary at 12th Street.5 Residents continued to consist primarily of middle-class workers, such as clerks, printers, stenographers, lens grinders, 1 William Burg, “Mansion Flats Home Tour,” Sacramento Press, September (blog), August 22, 2007, http://sacramentohistory.blogspot.com/2007/08/13, 2013, https://sacramentopress.com/2013/09/13/mansion-flats-hometour/. sacramentos-streetcar-suburbs.html. 4 “Running on G Street,” Sacramento Daily Union, March 7, 1893. 5 C.G. Brown, “Map of the City of Sacramento” [map], 1923, Center for Sacramento History. Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 298 of 476 Section 2: Individual Historic District Plans
Old Washington School Historic District Plan 296
Sacramento Historic District Plans Finalelectricians, and carpenters.6 Residential development slowed during the Great Depression. The economic downswing, combined with the rising popularity of the automobile, led to the decline of streetcar lines across the city. In 1936, streetcar service along G Street ended and was replaced by bus service.7 After World War II, many residents migrated out of the city’s central grid to newer residential suburbs outside the city limits and were replaced by lower-income residents. Multi-unit apartment buildings were constructed in greater numbers over the following decades in response to the demographic shift. More recently, infill projects have brought new residential development to the Washington neighborhood at the start of the twenty-first century. In 2008, loft apartments were constructed on C Street using “green” building technology.8 6 Sacramento City Directory, Sacramento City Directory, Co., 1921. 7 William Burg, Sacramento’s Streetcars (Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2006), 34. 8 Burg, “Mansion Flats Home Tour.”
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalSignificanceThe Old Washington School Historic District was designated for listing on the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources by the City Preservation Commission in 1985 in Ordinance #85- 076 as the Washington Historic District. The following table provides a current evaluation of significance under the requirements and considers the factors based on the above historic district context and the 2018 historic district survey. Additionally, this historic district relates to the Railroad Context Statement of the city’s General Plan Technical Background Report. (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (a) The Old Washington School Historic District meets requirement (a) for listing on the Sacramento Register, because it is a geographically definable area.
(b)(i) The Old Washington School Historic District meets requirement (b)(i) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area that possesses “a significant concentration or continuity of buildings unified by: (A) past events or (B) aesthetically by plan or physical development.” The district is significant for its collection of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century houses that were built directly to the east of Sacramento’s older residential neighborhoods to the west as streetcar lines expanded outward from the city center. The Washington neighborhood, alternately known as Mansion Flats, grew alongside Sacramento’s first streetcar line, which began operation in 1870 and initially ran down H Street before shifting to G Street in 1893. Easy access to transportation attracted both wealthy business owners and middle-class employees to build houses close to the streetcar line. While more affluent residents built the mansions along H Street that gave the neighborhood its nickname, the blocks to the north that comprise the Old Washington School Historic District were filled with the smaller houses of employees of the city’s railyards and other industries. The existing buildings in the area reflect the range of architectural styles that were popular for new residential development during this peak period of development in the neighborhoods. The end of streetcar service through the neighborhood in 1936 was an early transition point that signaled a wider shift in the city’s demographics and development, as the affluent residents began to relocate to newer residential suburbs outside of the central city, aided by the increasing availability and popularity of automobiles.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalPeriod of Significance:1870-1936The period of significance for the Old Washington School Historic District begins with the start of streetcar service to the area in 1870, which attracted residential development to the area, and concludes in 1936, when streetcar service ended along G Street. Property Types from the Periodof Significance x Residential
Architectural Styles from thePeriod of Significance
x Gothic Revival
x Italianate x Queen Anne x Stick/Eastlake
x Folk Victorian
x Classical Revival
x Beaux Arts x Spanish Eclectic
x Classic Box
x Prairie
x Craftsman
x Vernacular
x Mediterranean Revival
(B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (b)(ii) The Old Washington School Historic District meets requirement (b)(ii) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area “associated with an event, person, or period significant or important to city history.” The district is associated with the development of new residential neighborhoods along the city’s streetcar lines from the late nineteenth to early twentieth century. Much of Old Washington School Historic District’s development is related to the expansion of streetcar lines to the area, first on H Street in the 1870s and later on G Street in the 1890s. Prior residential development in Sacramento had been primarily concentrated in the central business district downtown, where the commercial waterfront, railyards, industries, and state government offices were located. The availability of employment opportunities attracted large numbers of people to the downtown area who not only worked in the businesses downtown but often lived in the immediate area. As these areas became increasingly overcrowded and polluted, neighborhoods to the east, such as the Washington neighborhood, became attractive alternatives. Streetcars enabled workers who were employed by businesses downtown to live further from the city center, resulting in the establishment of Sacramento’s early residential subdivisions and the beginning of an exodus of residents from the downtown area. (c) The Old Washington School Historic District meets requirement (c) for listing on the Sacramento Register as it aligns with the goals and purposes of historic preservation in Sacramento, as well as the city’s other goals and policies. Per the Sacramento City Code, the preservation of the district enhances the “city’s economic, cultural and aesthetic standing, its identity and its livability, marketability, and urban character.” (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (2) Factors to be considered (a) Factor (2)(a) states that “a historic district should have integrity of design, setting, materials, workmanship and association.” The Old Washington School Historic District retains sufficient integrity to meet this factor for consideration as a historic district. (b) Factor (2)(b) states that “the collective historic value of the buildings and structures in a historic district taken together may be greater than the historic value of each individual building or structure.” The Old Washington School Historic District meets this factor because its buildings and structures represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose collective historic value is greater when taken as a whole.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalCharacter-Defining Features Element Character of Historic District Element Character of Historic District Use • Historically single-family houses, some of which
have been converted into multi-unit apartments or commercial businesses • Parking and auxiliary uses located along alleys
Ornamentation x Italianate, Queen Anne, and Stick/Eastlake details, including incised brackets; spindlework; slender, turned porch posts and balusters; and patterned shingles on gabled ends x Classical Revival details, including fluted, square
pilasters, Tuscan columns, and decorative garlands
Mass & Form x Predominately one- or two-story houses with Deltastyle high basements and raised first story x Some larger, three-story multi-unit apartment buildings x Houses with almost identical design often located on
the same block, possibly built by the same person
x Concentration of large houses in the southern section of the district, particularly on F Street and the immediately surrounding blocks
x Smaller houses on blocks near industrial development
along the district’s northern boundary
Property Landscape
x Gardens, lawns, or patios in front of houses
x Low fences in front of many houses, mostly wood picket or wrought iron, often with brick piers
Streetscape x Generally uniform setback of approximately 30 feet from the street to building facades on lettered streets, often with wide parking strips and sidewalks, both of approximately eight feet in width x Rows of deciduous street trees of varying types and
sizes—most often sycamore, elm, and palm trees—
planted in a parking strip along the street curb
x Wide streets with two full-size traffic lanes
Cladding x Predominately wood siding, typically wide and narrow width channel rustic siding, three- or four-lap siding, or shingles of varying shapes, especially on gabled ends Roofs x Front-facing gabled or hipped roofs, often with a low, centrally placed dormer
x Brick chimneys
Entries & Doors x Delta-style configuration with staircases leading to primary entrances above a high basement
x Paneled wood doors with integrated glazing or framed
by side or transom windows
x Wood stairs
Windows x Wood-frame double-hung windows
x Bay windows, both front- and side-facing
Porches x Prominent full or half-width porches accessed by a staircase
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalBoundaries & LocationThe following map shows the boundaries and location of the Old Washington School Historic District. To view the statuses of individual properties as contributing or non-contributing resources to the historic district, refer to the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources.

Figure 247. Map of the Old Washington School Historic District. Source: City of Sacramento and Page & Turnbull, 2019.

Legend
Historic District Boundary 0 100 200 300 400
°! Feet

WASHINGTON
PARK
J. NEELY

JOHNSON
PARK

JOHN MUIR

CHILDREN'S
PARK
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalDistrict-Specific Standards &CriteriaDesign PrinciplePreserve and maintain the contributing resources and features that define the district while encouraging new development that enhances its historic residential character and livability.

RationaleThe Old Washington School Historic District contains a large collection of single- and multi-family residential buildings that are part of a historic neighborhood, dating back to the late nineteenth century. While the contributing buildings exhibit a mix of architectural styles, the similar use of materials, scale, setback, landscaping, and siting unite the grouping as a whole.

Recent development on the edges of the district highlights the need to balance the preservation of the characterofthedistrictwithincreasinghousingdensity.

1. Rehabilitation of Contributing
Resources

1.1 Maintain, preserve, and, where necessary,
repair and restore historic elements associated with the predominate Delta style of residential architecture, especially historic staircases, porches, and doors.

2. Additions & Accessory Structures
for Contributing Resources

2.1 Avoid additions that cause a contributing
building’s height to exceed 150% of its historic height. x Use step backs to maintain the existing
street façade height.

Figure 248. Many contributing buildings exhibit decorative exterior woodwork.

Figure 249. Additions should not cause a building's height to exceed 150% of its historic height.

In addition to the Standards & Criteria Common to Sacramento's Historic Districts in Section 1, the following district-specific standards and criteria apply when planning a project in the Old Washington School Historic District.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans Final3.New (Infill) Construction & Alterations to Non-Contributing Resources

3.1 Design the scale, massing, and proportions of
new construction to be compatible with those of contributing buildings on the same block. x Where additional height is considered, the
height of new buildings should be no more than 150% of the height of surrounding contributing buildings. x Consider using step backs for taller buildings
to maintain the existing street façade height of adjacent contributing buildings.

3.2 Preserve the historic pattern and articulation
of long, narrow 40’ x 160’ parcels wherever possible.
x Consider breaking down the massing of large
infill developments into smaller masses that reflect the historic lot pattern. x Where shared courtyard approach is used for
subdivision of properties into multi-family use, minimize width of courtyard entrance.

4.Site Features, Streetscape, &
Landscaping

4.1 Avoid creating new curb cuts on lettered streets
in the historic district.
x Locate parking and service access along
alleys, and use landscaping features to screen it from the public right-of-way, wherever possible. x Where a shared courtyard approach is used
for the subdivision of properties into multifamily use, utilize a single curb cut at the courtyard entrance if parking is included at the courtyard.

Figure 250. The height of new buildings should be no more than 150% of the height of surrounding contributing buildings.

Figure 251. These new apartment buildings match the setback, scale, and street-facing orientation of adjacent contributing buildings.

Figure 252. The height, materials, massing, and setback of the building on the right are not appropriate next to the contributing house on the left.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans Final5.Alley Infill5.1 On a typical unsplit parcel, set back alley infill buildings a minimum of 30 feet from the primary
building on the parcel. If a parcel is split, set back
alley infill buildings a minimum of 15 feet from the lot split.

5.2 The height of alley infill should be no more than
150% of the height of surrounding contributing buildings.

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Plaza Park
[Cesar Chavez Plaza]
Historic District Plan
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Section 2: Individual Historic District Plans
Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District Plan 305 Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalPhysical Description & BoundariesThe Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District (formerly [Cesar Chavez Memorial] Plaza Park/CBD Historic District) is situated in the northwest quadrant of Sacramento’s 1848 street grid and features one the
city’s original one-block public squares. The district’s name references several names held by the plaza over the course of its history, while “CBD” is an abbreviation for “Central Business District,” a title sometimes given to Sacramento’s downtown core.

In addition to the plaza, the district consists of a mix of late nineteenth- to mid-twentieth-century commercial and civic buildings, some of monumental scale. The district is roughly bounded by H Street to the north, 8th Street to the west, L Street to the south, and 11th Street to the east. Figure 253. The Beaux Arts City Hall building as viewed from Cesar Chavez (formerly Plaza Park).

Figure 255. View of City Hall with the New City Hall building behind it.

Figure 254. The Italian Renaissance style Sacramento Public Library and a modern addition (visible to the right) are shaded by rows of sycamore trees.

Figure 256. The district contains commercial buildings that display a wide variety of architectural styles and forms, such as these buildings on 9th Street.

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Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District Plan 306 Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalBrief Historic ContextThe Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District has witnessed nearly 170 years of Sacramento’s history and features an equally broad spectrum of architectural periods and styles. Sacramentans have referred to the plaza by a number of names over the course of its history, including its such early appellations as City Plaza, Plaza Park, or simply, “the Plaza,” and its current name, Cesar Chavez Park. The one-block lot, was one of ten public squares donated to the City by John A. Sutter, Jr. in 1848 as part of the laying out of his father’s rancho into Sacramento’s original street grid.1 After Sacramento attained its status as the state capital in 1854, it was proposed that the plaza be used for the site of the Capitol building, a scheme that was later abandoned.2 The square remained undeveloped open space for several decades, to the point that local newspapers described it as an “omnium gatherum of wagons and weeds.”3 In 1872, Street Commissioner John Rider was “determined to fill-in the plaza and reclaim it from the circus, the strayed animal, the dump cart and the winter’s waters.”4 The square was filled an average of five feet with material taken from the bed of the American River.5 John Keating was hired to 1 Page & Turnbull, “Raised Streets & Hollow Sidewalks,” (report, Sacramento, CA, 2009), 7. 2 Winfield J. Davis, An Illustrated History of Sacramento County, California: Containing a History of Sacramento County from the Earliest Period of its Occupancy to the Present Time, together with Glimpses of its Prospective Future; with Profuse Illustrations of its Beautiful Scenery, Full-Page Portraits of Some of its most Eminent Men, and Biographical Mention of Many of its Pioneers and also of Prominent Citizens of To-day (Chicago: The Lewis Figure 257. View looking south along 9th Street, showing the increase in building scale and mass toward the south end of the district. design the landscape of the park. Keating’s axial plan is still visible in the plaza’s present layout. The improvement of the plaza was a major endeavor that coincided with the raising of street levels in downtown Sacramento. The devastating floods of 1861 and 1862 prompted the local government to improve the public infrastructure of the city. Not only was the street raising project undertaken in the interest of safeguarding Sacramento residents, but also as a measure to ensure that Sacramento remained a viable location for the State Capitol and an attractive destination for the terminus of the transcontinental railroad.6 From 1868 through 1869, street levels were raised Figure 258. Alleys dip down to the original city grade, prior to the street raising campaigns of the 1860s. 8th Street between I and K streets; and 9th and 10th streets between I and J streets.7 As a whole, the streets were raised to be level with the plaza, which was the highest land mass in the city.8 The resulting streetscape included hollow sidewalks, many of which
are still intact within the area.

The plaza is surrounded on all sides by multi-story
institutional and commercial buildings. While the majority of the area’s core buildings date from the late-1890s through the 1930s, some date to the earlier commercial development of downtown Sacramento.9 The two-story brick building located at 904 J Street was constructed in 1856, making it the oldest extant structure in the district and one of the oldest in the Publishing Company: 1890), 203-204. 3 “An Instance of Rapid Improvement,” Sacramento Daily Union, March as much as 14 feet on K Street between 4th and 16, 1878, https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18780316.2.55& srpos=18&e= ----- 187-en--20--1--txt-txIN-”Ninth+Street”+Plaza+Sacramen to ------ 1. 4 Ibid. 5 Ibid. 10th streets, I Street between 5th and 10th streets; 6 Page & Turnbull, 24. 7 Ibid., 13. 8 Davis, 205. 9 “2.2.18 [Cesar Chavez Memorial] Plaza Park/CBD Historic District,” (Ordinance # 85-076, Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources, July 30, 1985, updated May 2014), 2.

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I Street city. During the mid-nineteenth century, J Street was the primary route for travelers passing through on their way to the gold fields in the foothills of the Sierras. Here, wagon trains were able to restock their provisions before exiting the city at 12th Street.10 The building at 904 J Street was occupied by a drug store under various names and proprietors from as early as its construction until the mid-twentieth century.11
Throughout the remainder of the nineteenth century,
the parcels adjacent to the plaza were characterized by a multitude of uses, such as that of the “Old Reliable” drug store at 904 J Street.12 A map of Sacramento published by the Sanborn Map Company in 1895 depicts a mix of single-family dwellings, stables, manufacturers, shops, junk yards, and hotels situated on the major commercial thoroughfares of I, J, K, and L streets.13 Some of the notable buildings that were constructed during this period include the Hale Brothers Department Store at 825 K Street, the I.O.O.F. Temple at 1025 9th Street, and the Ruhstaller Building at 900 J Street. The Ruhstaller Building was constructed in 1898 for Frank J. Ruhstaller and housed a taproom for the Buffalo Brewing Company, Elks Hall,
doctors’ offices, and commercial businesses.14
The first decades of the twentieth century ushered
in a building boom unlike anything Sacramento had
Figure 259. Close-up of a map published by the Sanborn Map Company in 1895, showing the block to the west of Plaza Park filled with a mixture of commercial businesses (1895). Source: Sacramento Public Library, edited by Page & Turnbull. 10 Page & Turnbull, 7.
11 “Your Liver,” Sacramento Daily Union, October 7, 1897, https://cdnc.ucr. edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18971007.2.49.3&srpos=1&e= ------ en--20- SDU-1--txt-txIN-%22Gogings%22+Plaza+Sacramento ------1. 12 Ibid. 13 Sanborn Map Company, Sacramento, California [map], 1895. 14 Paula Boghosian, “Ruhstaller Building,” (National Register of Historic Places Draft Registration Form, California Office of Historic Preservation, 1981), 8, 1. 8th Street
9th Street
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Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District Plan 308 Sacramento Historic District Plans Finalwitnessed since the Gold Rush.15 The CaliforniaWestern States Life Insurance Building, constructed in 1925 at the corner of the corner of J and 10th
streets, remains a testament to this era of growth and prosperity. The classical motifs of the skyscraper compliment the Beaux Arts and Renaissance Revival municipal buildings that were also built during this period. Because of its proximity to the State Capitol grounds, the area was increasingly civic-oriented after the turn of the twentieth century. The ornate City Hall and Sacramento City Library, both located at the northern terminus of the district, were constructed in 1911 and 1918, respectively. The area felt the effects of the Great Depression but did not cease to be a center of activity in the city. The Federal Courthouse and Post Office Building, constructed in 1933, was one of many federallyfunded projects that employed Sacramentans during the Depression.16 Likewise, the Hart Brothers Cafeteria, located at 1016-1020 10th Street, served
thousands of meals per day to the area’s large unemployed and transient populations. At the height of the Depression, the restaurant offered free coffee and bread every evening.17 During World War II, defense-related industries brought thousands of new residents to Sacramento. The staggering population growth felt by the greater metro-area brought with it renewed commercial 15 Steven M. Avella, Sacramento: Indomitable City (Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2003), 90. 16 Sacramento Archives and Museum Collection Center and the Historic Old Sacramento Foundation, Old Sacramento and Downtown (Charleston, SC:

Arcadia Publishing, 2006), 42. 17 Michael Dolugushkin, “Featured: Sacramento Restaurants,” Sacramento Room Digital Sacramento Public Library, accessed September 10, 2018. http://cdm15248.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/featured.

Figure 260. View of the California-Western States Life Insurance Building and Plaza Park (right), looking south along 10th Street (1920). Source: California History Room, California State Library, Sacramento, California. spending to downtown.18 The Baby Boom Generation
flocked to department stores on J and K streets. Among the enterprises within the area were the Hale Brothers Department Store and S.H. Kress and Company. These businesses stood as pillars of the postwar city by catering to the “pent-up consumer demand” of the region’s rapidly expanding middle class.19 18 Annette Kassis, Weinstock’s: Sacramento’s Finest Department Store (Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2012), 90-91. 19 Ibid., 90.

The district changed dramatically with the rise of Sacramento’s suburbs. In 1954, the shops and major department stores on K Street accounted for 75.6 percent of the county’s sales tax base. That figure had dropped to 19.6 percent by 1965.20 The long-standing
establishments of the district opened suburban branches throughout the 1950s and 1960s, many of which were more profitable than their downtown locations.21 The first regional mall in the vicinity of Sacramento, the Country Club Center, was opened in 1951.22 The Country Club Center and other new malls offered a more convenient shopping experience for the rapidly expanding suburban population.

The decline in urban commercial activity during the mid-twentieth century was directly linked to the increased efficiency of automobile transportation. The transformation was slow, at first. In 1947, the city’s extensive streetcar network was shut down in favor of buses and personal vehicles, a change that impacted the pedestrian character of downtown. In 1955, K and L streets were converted into one-way thoroughfares connecting the Tower Bridge to U.S. Route 40.23 The
final setback to the once thriving central business district came in 1968 with the completion of the Interstates 5 and 80 through downtown Sacramento, diverting automobile traffic away from city streets, entirely, and on to outlying shopping malls and newer residential areas.24
The plaza played an important role in the revitalization 20 William Burg, Sacramento’s K Street: Where Our City Was Born (Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2012), 130-131. 21 Ibid., 131. 22 Avella, 133. 23 Burg, 117. 24 Ibid., 137.

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Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District Plan 309 Sacramento Historic District Plans Finalof the central business district towards the end of the twentieth century. In 1989, the Plaza Park Steering Committee worked with People for Public Places. Inc. to conduct an evaluation of the park. Their study led to the development of a popular restaurant in the park.25 In 1995, the Downtown Sacramento Partnership established the state’s first propertybased improvement district, which has brought countless community events and programs to the plaza over the years.26 In 1999, the plaza was renamed Cesar Chavez Plaza after the labor rights activist and founder of the United Farm Workers of America.27 Figure 261. View looking west along K Street, with the Hale Bros. department store on the right and the Montgomery Ward and Kress buildings on the left (1938). Source: California History Room, California State Library, Sacramento, California. 25 “Cesar Chavez Park and Plaza: Sacramento, California,” American Planning Association, 2012, https://www.planning.org/greatplaces/spaces/2012/ cesarchavezpark.htm. 26 Ibid. 27 Ibid. Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 312 of 476 Sacramento Historic District Plans Final
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Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District Plan 310 SignificanceThe Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District was designated for listing on the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources by the City Preservation Commission in 1985 in Ordinance #85- 076 as the [Cesar Chavez Memorial] Plaza Park/CBD Historic District.

The following table provides a current evaluation of significance under the requirements and considers the factors based on the above historic district context and the 2018 historic district survey. Additionally, this historic district relates to the Railroad Context Statement and World War II, Transportation, and Redevelopment Context Statement of the city’s General Plan Technical Background Report. (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (a) The Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District meets requirement (a) for listing on the Sacramento Register, because it is a geographically definable area. (b)(i) The Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District meets requirement (b)(i) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area that possesses “a significant concentration or continuity of buildings unified by: (A) past events or (B) aesthetically by plan or physical development.” The Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District is significant for its concentration of buildings that reflect over a century of civic and commercial development in Sacramento’s central business district. The diversity of buildings and uses within the district also reflect changing tastes in commercial and civic architectural styles over time. Early twentieth-century civic and institutional buildings, including City Hall and the Sacramento City Library, are characteristic examples of the Beaux Arts and Italian Renaissance styles, respectively. Conversely, the design of the Federal Courthouse and Post Office, which was constructed at the low point of the Great Depression, is representative of federally funded WPA buildings of the period. The district’s many commercial buildings, meanwhile, range from small nineteenth-century brick commercial buildings to the larger department stores of major national brands that remained a vibrant part of the city through the middle of the twentieth century. (b)(ii) The Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District meets requirement (b)(ii) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area “associated with an event, person, or period significant or important to city history.” The Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District is significant for its association with Sacramento’s evolution from burgeoning Gold Rush town to modern metropolitan city. Cesar Chavez Plaza, formerly the City Plaza, was, itself, one of the public squares donated by John A. Sutter, Jr. to the City as part of the laying out of his father’s rancho into the city’s existing street grid. It was also the first of these squares to be developed as a park. Its present form still exhibits some of the elements of John Keating’s original landscape design from 1872, such as its axial walkway plan. Additionally, the district contains several high-integrity sections of hollow sidewalks that were created when the city’s streets were raised during the 1860s to protect the city from floods. The effort stabilized Sacramento and allowed the city to continue to expand. Moderately-sized brick buildings on the edges of the plaza recall early commercial development in Sacramento’s central business district in the nineteenth century, while the concentration of grand civic buildings—including Sacramento’s City Hall, City Library, and Federal Courthouse and Post Office—and larger early to mid-twentieth-century commercial buildings on K Street reflect Sacramento’s growth into a modern city.

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Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District Plan 311 Period of Significance:1848-1951The period of significance for the Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District spans from 1848, when Sacramento’s original street grid and public plazas were laid out, to 1951, when the Country Club Center was erected as Sacramento’s first regional mall, drawing commercial activity away from downtown. The suburban mall, along with increased automobile and home ownership during the postwar period, forever changed the ways in which residents interacted with the central business district.28 Large shopping malls outside of Sacramento’s downtown grid attracted mobile, middle-class individuals who were no longer dependent localized services and retail.

Property Types from the Periodof Significance
x Commercial
x Institutional/Civic
x Recreational
Architectural Styles from thePeriod of Significance
x Queen Anne x Romanesque Revival
x Neoclassical
x Italian Renaissance x Beaux Arts
x Art Deco x Streamline Moderne
x Late Moderne
x Commercial Styles:
o One-Part Commercial Block o Two-Part Commercial Block o Three-Part Block o Two-Part Vertical Block o Central Block with Wings o Vault
28 Avella, 133.
(B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (c) The Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District meets requirement (c) for listing on the Sacramento Register as it aligns with the goals and purposes of historic preservation in Sacramento, as well as the city’s other goals and policies. Per the Sacramento City Code, the preservation of the district enhances the “city’s economic, cultural and aesthetic standing, its identity and its livability, marketability, and urban character.” (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (2) Factors to be considered (a) Factor (2)(a) states that “a historic district should have integrity of design, setting, materials, workmanship and association.” The East End Historic District retains sufficient integrity to meet this factor for consideration as a historic district.
(b) Factor (2)(b) states that “the collective historic value of the buildings and structures in a historic district taken together may be greater than the historic value of each individual building or structure.” The Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District meets this factor because its buildings and structures represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose collective historic value is greater when taken as a whole.

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Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District Plan 312 Character-Defining Features
Element Character of Historic District Element Character of Historic District Use x Commercial and civic buildings of varying ages and styles oriented around 9th Street and Cesar Chavez Plaza x Changes in use and character between the north
and south ends of the district—large civic buildings concentrated on I and 9th streets at the northern terminus of the district, modest One- and Two-Part Block commercial buildings on the south edge of the plaza, and large department stores located on K Street (i.e. Hale Brothers, Kress, and Montgomery & Ward) Ornamentation x Minimal wall surface ornamentation
x Classical Revival details, such as egg-and-dart trim, dentil bands, medallions, and garlands
x High density of Art Deco-style elements near the
intersection of 9th and K streets
x Columns and pilasters topped with Ionic or Corinthian capitals and Roman or segmental arches with prominent voussoirs and keystones x Ghost signs on the exposed sides of older brick
buildings
Property Landscape
x Minimal or no property landscaping due to zero-lotline buildings x Axial pathways intersecting at the Coleman Fountain
at the center of Cesar Chavez Plaza
Mass & Form x Horizontally massed civic buildings and vertically massed commercial buildings
x Tallest buildings frequently situated on corner parcels Materials x Predominately brick, stone, terracotta, and concrete masonry
Streetscape x Deep, south-facing setbacks in front of City Hall and the Federal Courthouse and Post Office building
x Minimal or no setback in front of commercial buildings throughout the district
x Rows of mature, evenly spaced, deciduous street
trees—most often sycamore, palm, and walnut trees—planted in planters or small parking strips lining the sidewalks x Large gilded lampposts at the primary entrances of
civic buildings
x Extant hollow sidewalks and sunken alleyways dating
to the street raising campaigns of the 1860s
x Some cobblestones and granite curbs along street
edges
Roofs x Predominately flat roofs with protruding cornices and ornamented soffits
x Commercial buildings with flat or geometric parapets, particularly those facing the south edge of the plaza
Entries & Doors x Recessed entrances, particularly on One-Part Commercial Block buildings
x Presence or evidence of garage doors for vehicular
access on numbered streets and alleys
Windows x Large shopfront windows at street level
x Multi-story boxed, semi-hexagonal, and rounded bay
windows
x Wood-frame, double-hung windows on the upper
stories of mixed-use buildings
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Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District Plan 313 Boundaries & LocationThe following map shows the boundaries and location of the Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District. To view the statuses of individual properties as contributing or non-contributing resources to the historic district, refer to the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources.

Figure 262. Map of the Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District. Source: City of Sacramento and Page & Turnbull, 2019.

Legend
Historic District Boundary
0 100 200 300 400
°! Feet
ALI

YOUSSEFI
SQUARE
CESAR E. CHAVEZ PLAZA
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Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District Plan 314 District-Specific Standards &CriteriaDesign PrincipleMaintain and strengthen the grand civic and commercial character of this district as part of Sacramento’s historic civic core.RationaleThe Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District contains many of the city’s most iconic civic and commercial resources, ranging from Sacramento’s first civic institutions and its first developed park in the late nineteenth century to iconic commercial buildings constructed in the early and mid-twentieth century. The area represents the city’s symbolic center, consisting of a variety of buildings and public spaces that contained the activities that defined city life. The district continues to serve as the city’s civic core and is connected by important commercial and transportation corridors along 9th and 10th streets to the Capitol and J and K streets to Downtown, the intermodal transit facility, outlining freeways, and the city’s outlining neighborhoods. The preservation of the contributing resources which convey the district’s historic significance and the strengthening of its civic identity is vital for a thriving downtown.

1. Rehabilitation of Contributing
Resources

1.1 Make every effort to preserve, repair, and
maintain existing steel or wood frame windows, which contribute to the commercial or civic character of the district. x Re-instate multi-lite steel or wood frame
windows, where they have been removed, if there is adequate documentation and if feasible. x Replace removed historic street-facing
windows where feasible, if there is adequate
documentation to inform design.

1.2 Avoid filling in or obstructing historic window or
door openings.

1.3 Re-open historic window and door openings
that have been filled in.
x Use compatible new windows and door
materials, types, and forms.

1.4 Preserve and restore articulated storefronts
with recessed entries on contributing buildings.

1.5 Avoid painting or applying new finishes on
historically unpainted exterior masonry, particularly where historic painted signs (ghost signs) are present. x Consider removing paint or finishes from
historically unpainted exterior masonry, using the gentlest methods possible, during exterior repairs or renovations. x Maintain paint on exterior masonry where
likely to be the historic condition.

Figure 263. Historic exterior cladding and decorative ornamentation contribute to the character of the district as a whole. Figure 264. The historic facades, exterior materials, windows, and entries of several buildings on J Street have been covered with incompatible non-historic cladding and additions.

In addition to the Standards & Criteria Common to Sacramento's Historic Districts in Section 1, the following district-specific standards and criteria apply when planning a project in the Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza] Historic District.

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2. Additions & Accessory Structures
for Contributing Resources

2.1 Where rooftop additions are desired, consider
using step backs in order to maintain the existing
street façade height, especially facing Cesar Chavez Plaza.

2.2 Maintain existing recessed entries where
they exist to preserve the characteristic street frontage pattern.

2.3 Use durable, high-quality materials that are
compatible with the materials of adjacent contributing buildings in the district such as stone, cast-stone, masonry, concrete, metal, and

3.New (Infill) Construction &
Alterations to Non-Contributing Resources

3.1 Preserve the historic pattern of siting new
buildings with a zero-lot-line setback from the
street.

3.2 Where buildings taller than the surrounding
contributing buildings are proposed, consider using step backs to maintain the existing street facade height of adjacent contributing buildings. x Taller heights and larger masses may be
appropriate for buildings sited at street corners. wood. Figure 265. The addition to City Hall incorporates materials, height, x New buildings adjacent to 926 J Street
should be lower in height and set back to protect visibility of the contributing high-rise building.

3.3 Consider the alignment of windows, doors, and
variations in façade treatments to be compatible
with adjacent contributing buildings in order to maintain the existing pattern of door and window openings within the block.

3.4 Use durable, high-quality materials that are
compatible with those in the historic district.

3.5 Incorporate awnings that reference the form,
scale, and materials of historic awnings at ground level of primary street frontages. scale, and a generous setback that are compatible with the historic building and maintain its primacy in the wider streetscape.

Figure 266. The California-Western States Life Insurance Building at 926 J Street is a visual focal point of the district.

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4.SiteFeatures,Streetscape, &
Landscaping

4.1 Maintain and preserve existing historic
landscape plan and features at Cesar Chavez Plaza, including axial pathways and statues.

4.2 Preserve historic street and alley grades, when
feasible.

4.3 Maintain and preserve existing historic
cobblestones and street paving.

4.4 Maintain, preserve, and, where necessary,
repair and restore historic lighting and signage features.

4.5 Use signage methods, materials, and proportions
that are reflective of historic signage used on contributing properties within the district.

4.6 Encourage a streetscape palette including
lighting, street furniture, and street tree planting along 9th Street to Capitol Avenue that is compatible with that used at Cesar Chavez Plaza.

4.7 Encourage a streetscape palette at J Street
surrounding Cesar Chavez Plaza that is compatible with that along 9th Street.

Figure 267. Axial pathways are historic features of Cesar Chavez Park.

Figure 268. Dipping alley grades are a remnant of the city’s original street levels.

Figure 269. Historic cobblestones survive in some parts of the district.

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Poverty
Ridge
Historic District Plan
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Physical Description & BoundariesThe Poverty Ridge Historic District is located within Sacramento’s original 1848 street grid and is roughly bounded by 21st Street to the west, S Street to the north, 23rd Street to the east, and W Street and U.S.

Route 50 to the south. The district also incorporates the block bounded by 20th, 21st, S, and T streets.

The district contains a collection of houses in a variety of architectural styles that were part of one of Sacramento’s wealthiest and most prestigious neighborhoods in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The district’s largest and most elaborate houses are arranged around two northsouth streets, 21st and 22nd streets, while several smaller houses are concentrated along the district’s
southern and eastern borders. Figure 270. The former Charles McClatchy residence at 2112 22nd Street, now the McClatchy Library. Many houses in the district, especially those planted on the “ridge” that gives the Poverty Ridge Historic District its name, have sloped lawns and low masonry retaining walls.

Figure 271. Houses on 21st Street, such as this Italianate house at 21st and U streets, were constructed on generously-sized lots.

Sacramento Historic District Plans Final
Figure 272. The Roan-Didion House at the corner of 22nd and T streets. The largest and most decorative houses in the district are often located on street corners.

Figure 273. The district contains a variety of architectural styles, including Colonial Revival.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalBrief Historic ContextThe Poverty Ridge Historic District preserves an area that was considered to be Sacramento’s wealthiest neighborhood in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The neighborhood is located on a slight rise in the southeast quadrant of Sacramento’s original 1848 city limits. Because it was one of the only elevated areas within the city, residents often fled to this area for safety during the floods that periodically devastated Sacramento in the nineteenth century. People camping out on the ridge looked so poor that locals nicknamed the area “Poverty Ridge.”1 Despite the area’s advantageous location and its reputation as “the most beautiful eminence in the city,” Poverty Ridge remained sparsely populated until the late nineteenth century. 2 Burns Slough, which ran
between 18th and 19th streets, often turned the blocks
between the ridge and 14th Street into “an almost
impassable quagmire,” preventing potential residents
from reaching the area.3 Beginning in 1868, the city
carried out several projects to address the issue of flooding around Burns Slough, initially strengthening levees and later redirected through a system of underground sewers and drainage tunnels.4 Residential development began in Poverty Ridge in the late nineteenth century. By then, increasing industrialization, the influx of low-income workers, and the expanding impact of the Southern Pacific Railroad on the environment and local politics had 1 Shawn Scarborough, “Poverty Ridge Corridor: O Street Through Broadway,” in Sacramento’s Midtown (Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2006), 85. 2 A Resident, “The Cross Levee Once More,” Sacramento Daily Union, January 14, 1868. 3 Ibid.

Figure 274. Residence of John Stevens, president of the Pioneer Box Factory, at 2115 21st Street (ca. 1890). Source: California History Room, California State Library, Sacramento, California. turned the city’s downtown core into an overcrowded,
polluted, dirty, and crime-ridden area. Seeking quieter, cleaner, and safer places to live, Sacramento’s affluent middle- and upper-class residents began
to migrate to new neighborhoods, such as Poverty Ridge, that were emerging on the city’s undeveloped tracts to the south and east.5 Poverty Ridge became the neighborhood of choice for
Sacramento’s wealthiest and most influential citizens.

Residents included Buffalo Brewery founder Herman Grau, Pioneer Box Company president John Stevens, and Sacramento Bee editor Charles K. McClatchy, among others. In 1893, developers attempted to
rebrand the neighborhood as “Sutter Terrace.” An article in the Sacramento Daily Union reveals the attitude of some local residents toward the proposal:

The resident property-owners in the high district bounded generally by Twentieth and Twenty-third, P and W Streets are getting to be aristocratic in their notions, and from their hights [sic] are inclined to look down patronizingly on the balance of the city. They have about come to the conclusion that the names “Poverty Ridge,” “Nob Hill,” etc. are entirely too common, and that hereafter these names shall be relegated to the “days of ‘49,” and the hights [sic] in question known as “Sutter Terrace.”6 The new name did not stick, and the neighborhood continued to be known as “Poverty Ridge.” Poverty Ridge’s principal blocks between 21st, T, 23rd, and V streets featured generously sized lots
on which large, single-family houses could be built. Many of the houses on these blocks were designed by highly-regarded local architects and reflect the most fashionable architectural styles of the time. Charles McClatchy’s Beaux Arts style house at 2112 22nd Street was built in 1910 and designed by distinguished local architect Rudolph Herold. In 1940, the McClatchy family donated the house to the City of Sacramento, and it remains in use as a public library today. Next door at 2100 22nd Street, Herold designed his own house in the Prairie style.7 More modest houses and
apartment buildings for middle-class residents were built on smaller lots around the periphery of Poverty 4 “City Intelligence,” Sacramento Daily Union, June 11, 1868; Rick Bettis, “A 6 A Resident, “The Cross Levee Once More.” Brief Overview with Historical Vignettes,” Sacramento Area Creeks Council, March 8, 1998, http://saccreeks.org/know-your-creeks/. 5 Nathan Hallam, “The Evolution of Sacramento’s Central City Street Grid,” (master’s thesis, Sonoma State University, 2003), 63-64. 7 Jose Esparza, “Poverty Ridge Walking Tour,” (brochure, Sacramento Heritage, Inc., 2018).

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Figure 275. The McClatchy Library, formerly the Charles McClatchy house (1951). Source: Center for Sacramento History, Frank Christy Collection, 1998/722/1366.

Ridge.8Like many of Sacramento’s turn-of-the-century
residential neighborhoods, proximity to streetcar lines was one of the qualities that attracted residents to Poverty Ridge. Streetcars ran through the neighborhood down 21st and T streets, allowing residents to easily travel to their places of work downtown. After World War II and as automobiles gained in popularity, however, residents of neighborhoods within Sacramento’s central grid, such as Poverty Ridge, began to relocate to newer, more modern suburbs outside of the city. The demand for streetcar service declined and finally ended in January 1947.9
Nevertheless, Poverty Ridge retained a prestigious reputation, thanks in part to the people who lived there. Internationally celebrated author Joan Didion lived in two houses in the neighborhood, including the Roan-Didion House at 2000 22nd Street, during her adolescence in the 1940s and 1950s.10 In the 1960s,
several houses in Poverty Ridge were demolished as part of the construction of U.S. Highway 50, which borders the district to the south.11 More recently, infill projects that were halted during the economic recession of the early 2000s have been completed. The largest recent urban infill project is Tapestri Square, a housing development of single-family townhouses that borders the district on the east side of 21st Street.12 Figure 276. Sacramento City Lines streetcars traveling along 21st Street on their route between the Southern Pacific Railroad depot and Oak Park (1944). Source: Center for Sacramento History, CITY, SAMCC Gifts to Share Collection, 2006/017/039. 8 “Poverty Ridge Historic District,” (Ordinance # 85-076, Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources, July 30, 1985, updated May 2014), 2. 9 William Burg, Sacramento’s Streetcars (Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2006), 56. 10 William Burg, “Historic Home Tour in Poverty Ridge Neighborhood,” Sacramento Press, September 10, 2012, https://sacramentopress. com/2012/09/10/historic-home-tour-in-poverty-ridge-neighborhood/. 11 Cyrus G. Brown Maps and Aero Views Commercial Artists, “Map of the City of Sacramento” [map], 1923. 12 Burg, “Historic Home Tour in Poverty Ridge Neighborhood.” Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 323 of 476
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SignificanceThe Poverty Ridge Historic District was designated for listing on the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources by the City Preservation Commission in 1985 in Ordinance #85-076. The following table provides a current evaluation of significance under the requirements and considers the factors based on the above historic district context and the 2018 historic district survey. Additionally, this historic district relates to the Railroad Context Statement of the city’s General Plan Technical Background Report. (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (a) The Poverty Ridge Historic District meets requirement (a) for listing on the Sacramento Register, because it is a geographically definable area.
(b)(i) The Poverty Ridge Historic District meets requirement (b)(i) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area that possesses “a significant concentration or continuity of buildings unified by: (A) past events or (B) aesthetically by plan or physical development.” The district is significant for its concentration of large, single-family houses that were constructed as part of the development of the Poverty Ridge neighborhood, one of Sacramento’s wealthiest and most prestigious residential neighborhoods in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The grandest houses in the neighborhood were built primarily between 1870 and 1915 on broad lots along 21st and 22nd streets. Many were designed by highly-regarded local architects, who were hired to design houses that would reflect the homeowners’ wealth and status. Corner lots often featured the largest and most impressive houses in the neighborhood. In the 1920s and 1930s, smaller houses and multi-family apartment buildings were constructed on lots around the neighborhood’s borders, where pressure from industrial development was greater. This variation in housing scale and patterns remains apparent in the historic district today.

The variety of architectural styles that are visible within the Poverty Ridge Historic District are representative of the styles that were most popular during the neighborhood’s primary period of development from the late nineteenth century to the early decades of the twentieth century. The buildings range from elaborate Queen Anne and Italianate Victorians; to Beaux Arts, Classical Revival, and Prairie style houses; to smaller Craftsman style bungalows. The size, style, quality, and setting of the buildings reflect Poverty Ridge’s past as one of Sacramento’s wealthiest and most fashionable neighborhoods at the turn of the twentieth century.

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Period of Significance:1868-1947The period of significance for the Poverty Ridge Historic District begins in 1868, when city projects addressed flooding around Burns Slough and allowed for residential development to begin in the area, and concludes with the end of streetcar service in 1947 as part of the postwar migration of city residents to new automobile-oriented residential suburbs outside Sacramento’s historic urban core. Property Types from the Periodof Significance x Residential
x Civic/Institutional
Architectural Styles from thePeriod of Significance
x Italianate x Queen Anne x Shingle
x Folk Victorian
x Colonial Revival
x Classical Revival
x Tudor
x Mediterranean Revival
x Italian Renaissance
x Mission
x Spanish Revival
x Monterey x Prairie
x Craftsman
x Beaux Arts x French Eclectic
x Classic Box
x Art Deco
x Minimal Traditional
x Vernacular
(B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (b)(ii) The Poverty Ridge Historic District meets requirement (b)(ii) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area “associated with an event, person, or period significant or important to city history.” The district is associated with the development of streetcar suburbs on previously rural, agricultural land of outlying areas within Sacramento’s original street grid. Much of Poverty Ridge’s development is related to the expansion of streetcar lines to the area on T and 21st streets in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Until this period, development in Sacramento had been primarily concentrated in the central business district downtown, where the commercial waterfront, railyards, industries, and state government offices were located. The availability of employment opportunities attracted large numbers of people to the downtown area who not only worked in the businesses downtown but often lived in the immediate area. Poverty Ridge became an attractive neighborhood for residents seeking to live away from the noise and dirt of the city center. The streetcar enabled workers who were employed by businesses downtown to live further from the city center, resulting in the establishment of Sacramento’s first residential subdivisions and the beginning of an exodus of residents from the downtown area that accelerated after World War II. (c) The Poverty Ridge Historic District meets requirement (c) for listing on the Sacramento Register as it aligns with the goals and purposes of historic preservation in Sacramento, as well as the city’s other goals and policies. Per the Sacramento City Code, the preservation of the district enhances the “city’s economic, cultural and aesthetic standing, its identity and its livability, marketability, and urban character.” (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (2) Factors to be considered (a) Factor (2)(a) states that “a historic district should have integrity of design, setting, materials, workmanship and association.” The Poverty Ridge Historic District retains sufficient integrity to meet this factor for consideration as a historic district.
(b) Factor (2)(b) states that “the collective historic value of the buildings and structures in a historic district taken together may be greater than the historic value of each individual building or structure.” The Poverty Ridge Historic District meets this factor because its buildings and structures represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose collective historic value is greater when taken as a whole.

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Character-Defining Features
Element Character of Historic District
Use x Historically single-family residences, some converted into multi-family units or commercial businesses
x One civic building, constructed for the Sacramento Fire Department x Parking and auxiliary uses located along alleys
Mass & Form x Generous parcel sizes on 21st and 22nd streets with plentiful space between houses x Small, one-story single-family houses generally located on the blocks along the district’s south border and increasing in height and overall scale to larger, two- to three-story houses as the blocks proceed to the north
x Largest, most elaborate houses are frequently situated at street corners and on the elevated areas of the ridge
x Some houses with Delta-style high basement and raised first story Cladding x Predominately wood siding (typically three- or four-lap siding or shingles, most commonly on upper stories), brick, and stucco, or a combination of these materials x Brick or clinker brick often on first stories
Roofs x Low hipped roofs with wide overhanging eaves, front- or side-facing gabled roofs, often with a centrally placed dormer
x Brick or clinker brick chimneys
Entries & Doors x Delta-style configuration with staircases leading to primary entrances above a high basement
x Central or offset front doors framed with side or transom windows x Wood or terrazzo stairs
Windows x Wood-frame double-hung windows Porches x Prominent full-width or wraparound porches accessed by a staircase x Brick or clinker brick porch bases
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Element Character of Historic District
Ornamentation x Italianate and Queen Anne details, including incised brackets under roof eaves; decorative, carved woodwork around windows and doors; slender, turned porch posts and balusters; turrets; patterned shingles on gabled ends; rounded windows; and stained-glass windows, especially on transoms over primary entrance x Classical Revival details, including Tuscan columns and dentils along cornice x Craftsman details, including exposed rafter and purlin tails, wooden braces, and tapered square columns
Property Landscape
x Space between and in front of houses often filled with large, grassy lawns or gardens x Sloping lawns with shallow steps and landings in front of houses located on the ridge x Brick or masonry retaining walls built around properties at the base of the ridge x Use of vegetation as fencing or privacy screens
Streetscape x Rows of mature, evenly spaced, deciduous street trees—most often sycamore or palm trees—planted in a parking strip
x Concrete upping stones engraved with family names
x Iron hitching posts and evidence of removed hitching posts in the form of L-shaped concrete strips next to the street curb
x Generous setback of approximately 30 to 40 feet from the street to the primary, streetfacing house facades x Wide parking strips (approximately 15 feet wide) along east-west streets; narrower parking strips (approximately 7 feet wide) along north-south streets x Varying sidewalk widths x Many houses constructed toward the end of the period of significance x Wide north-south streets (21nd and 22st streets), with enough space for two cars to easily pass and sometimes with small medians or dividers in the center x East-west streets (U and V streets) are generally narrower, particularly toward the southern end of the district
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Boundaries & LocationThe following map shows the boundaries and location of the Poverty Ridge Historic District. To view the statuses of individual properties as contributing or non-contributing resources to the historic district, refer to the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources.

Figure 277. Map of the Poverty Ridge Historic District. Source: City of Sacramento and Page & Turnbull, 2019.

Legend
Historic District Boundary 0 200 400 600
°! £͞ Feet 50
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District-Specific Standards &CriteriaDesign PrincipleProjects in the Poverty Ridge Historic District must result in minimal visual impacts that will not disrupt the highly cohesive architectural character and significant streetscape design of the historic district.RationaleWhile the north and west boundaries of the Poverty Ridge Historic District have been impacted by modern infill development, the majority of the historic district retains a remarkable level of integrity. Continuous rows of stately houses with deep setbacks and large front lawns create a sense of visual uniformity, even as the architectural styles vary from block to block. As indicated by the historic district’s name, topography is also a significant character-defining feature of Poverty Ridge. The neighborhood’s elevated topography contributed historically to the presence of sloped lawns, retaining walls, streets, and alleys, which create a streetscape environment that is unlike any other in Sacramento.

1. Rehabilitation of Contributing
Resources

1.1 Maintain, preserve, and, where necessary,
repair and restore historic elements associated with the Delta style of residential architecture, especially historic staircases, porches, bay windows, and doors.

Figure 278. Wood, brick, and terrazzo are common materials used in historic architectural features in the historic district.

2. Additions & Accessory Structures
for Contributing Resources

2.1 Avoid additions that make contributing buildings
constructed in horizontally massed or boxlike architectural styles, such as Craftsman or Classic Box, more vertical or that make vertically massed Victorian-era buildings more horizontal.

2.2 Avoid additions that cause a contributing
building’s height to exceed 150% of its historic height. x Use step backs to maintain the existing
street façade height.
x Buildings with a wider floor plan or taller
height may be appropriate at street corners where there is a historic precedent for siting larger buildings.

Figure 279. Additions should not cause a building's height to exceed 150% of its historic height.

In addition to the Standards & Criteria Common to Sacramento's Historic Districts in Section 1, the following district-specific standards and criteria apply when planning a project in the Poverty Ridge Historic District.

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3.New (Infill) Construction &
Alterations to Non-Contributing Resources

3.1 Design the scale, massing, and proportions of
new construction to be compatible with those of adjacent contributing buildings on the same block. x Where additional height is considered, the
height of new buildings should be no more than 150% of the height of surrounding contributing buildings. x Consider using step backs for taller buildings
to maintain the existing street façade height of adjacent contributing buildings. x Buildings with a wider floor plan or taller
height may be appropriate at street corners where there is a historic precedent for siting larger buildings.

3.2 Site new buildings to generally align with the
setback of adjacent contributing buildings to maintain the district’s deep setbacks (approximately 30- to 40-feet-wide) and wide front lawns.

3.3 Preserve the historic pattern and articulation of
large parcels and open space, wherever possible.
x Consider breaking down the massing of large
infill developments into smaller masses that reflect the historic lot pattern.

Figure 280. The height of new buildings should be no more than 150% of the height of surrounding contributing buildings.

4.Site Features, Streetscape, &
Landscaping

4.1 Preserve and maintain the historic open, planted
character, size, and grade of front lawns.
x Avoid paving front or side lawns.

4.2 Preserve and maintain features associated
with historic sloping front lawns, including the historic property grade, brick or masonry retaining walls, and shallow concrete or terrazzo steps and landings.

4.3 Avoid adding fences or screening features in
front of properties where fencing did not exist historically. x If privacy is desired, consider using vegetation
as a screening feature along property lines.

4.4 Preserve and maintain the size and planted
character of wide park strips.

4.5 Where street trees consist of a row of trees
of the same species, such as palms, replace removed or diseased trees in kind with the same species or a compatible species at regular intervals in order to maintain the historic tree planting pattern.

4.6 Preserve and maintain the historic pattern of
wide north-south streets and narrower eastwest streets.

4.7 Avoid the addition of new curb cuts on 21st and
22nd streets.

Figure 281. Deep, uniform setbacks; wide, planted park strips; and upping stones contribute to the distinctive streetscape of the historic district.

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x Locate parking and service access along
alleys, and use landscaping features to screen it from the public right-of-way, wherever possible.

4.8 Preserve and maintain historic hitching posts
and upping stones in their historic locations.

4.9 Preserve historic property, street, and alley
grades.

5.Alley Infill5.1 The height of alley infill should be no more than 150% of the height of surrounding contributing buildings.

Figure 284. Shallow steps and landings are common in front of properties with sloping front lawns.

Figure 282. Poverty Ridge’s sloping topography contributes to the unique character of individual property landscaping and public streetscapes.

Figure 283. Historic brick or masonry retaining walls may be found in front of many contributing properties.

Figure 285. Rows of palms contribute to the historic district’s streetscapes.

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R Street
Historic District Plan
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalPhysical Description & BoundariesThe R Street Historic District is located in Sacramento’s original 1848 street grid, approximately four blocks south of the State Capitol. The district consists of former warehousing, commercial distribution, and light industrial buildings that are situated along R Street between 10th Street to the west, Quill Alley to the north, 12th Street to the east, and Rice Alley to
the south.

Figure 286. Adaptively reused warehouses and industrial buildings on R Street.

Figure 288. Two brick One-Part Commercial Block buildings with garage door openings along R Street.

Figure 287. Buildings that served as warehouses and distribution centers, including the Lawrence Warehouse (middle) and Rochdale building (right), are common on R Street. The building on the far left is the Warehouse Artist Lofts, a recent housing infill development project. Figure 289. Loading docks face the former route of the Western Pacific Railroad tracks, which were converted for light rail service in 1987.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalBrief Historic ContextThe R Street Historic District is a former industrial corridor whose development is closely tied to the evolution of railroads in the city of Sacramento. In 1855, the City of Sacramento granted a right-of-way on R Street to the Sacramento Valley Railroad, the first common carrier and first steam carrier railroad west of the Mississippi. Railroad companies were required to construct and maintain levees along their rights-ofway to assist the young city’s efforts to protect itself from periodic flooding. In accordance, the Sacramento
Valley Railroad constructed a levee along R Street prior to laying its tracks along the corridor. However, the levee did not have the intended effect and, in fact, exacerbated the effects of flooding in Sacramento. During particularly devastating floods in the winter of 1861-1862, the levee trapped floodwaters within the downtown area for months, and parts of it had to be removed to allow the waters to drain from the city.1 When it opened in 1856, the Sacramento Valley Railroad’s route was the first rail line in California. The 22-mile route stretched from the Sacramento Valley Railroad depot on the waterfront at Front Street, south along the Sacramento River, and then east along R Street to Folsom (then known as Granite City).

The route was surveyed by Theodore Judah, who later
helped complete the first transcontinental railroad as chief engineer of the Central Pacific Railroad.2 The Central Pacific Railroad purchased the Sacramento
1 Page & Turnbull, “R Street Corridor Historic District,” (National Register of Historic Places Draft Registration Form, California Office of Historic Places, 2013), 8.2.; Richard J. Orsi, “Railroads and the Urban Environment: Sacramento’s Story,” in River City and Valley Life: An Environmental History of the Sacramento Region, ed. Christopher J. Castaneda and Lee M.A. Simpson (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2013), 82. 2 Environmental Science Associates, “R Street Corridor Historic District Figure 290. Photograph taken from the R Street levee during the flood of 1862 (1862). Source: California History Room, California State Library, Sacramento, California. Valley Railroad in 1865, and later sold it to the Southern Pacific Railroad in 1884. The Sacramento Valley Railroad continued to operate a rail line on R Street. By the turn of the century, the City had completed the construction of a new system of levees and flood improvement, and the levee on R Street was no longer necessary. In 1903, the levee was removed and the Southern Pacific Railroad’s tracks were rebuilt at grade. Three years later, in 1907, a competing railroad company, the Western Pacific Railroad, opened a separate, parallel line on the Q/R Alley (Quill Alley), half a block north of the Southern Pacific’s tracks.3 The concentration of rail lines on and around R Street
transformed it into a center of industrial activity so
that by 1914, it was recognized as the industrial hub of Sacramento. Warehouses, commercial distribution centers, and light industrial businesses, ranging from one to six stories in height, sprang up along the R Street corridor to take advantage of the unparalleled availability of shipping and transportation opportunities there. These buildings were typically clad in brick or concrete blocks and featured open, rectilinear plans that reflected their utilitarian use. Many were served by spurs of the neighboring railroad tracks: buildings on the south of R Street used the tracks of the Southern Pacific, while those on the north used the tracks of the Western Pacific. Industrial development continued along R Street through the end of the nineteenth century and into the early twentieth century in response to the growth of domestic shipping, increase in local manufacturing and commercial development, and demands of World War I.4
R Street remained Sacramento’s center for freight shipping through World War II. After the war, commercial transportation began to shift away from the railroads toward truck-based shipping as an increasing number of state highways were completed. In Sacramento, the businesses along R Street reoriented themselves to accommodate this new type of transportation. While earlier buildings were oriented toward the railroad tracks and had loading docks on R Street, buildings constructed in the mid- to late twentieth century featured loading docks that fronted the surface streets to give trucks easier access. This reorientation allowed R Street to remain an active shipping and distribution center Survey Report” (report, City of Sacramento Preservation Commission, 2017), 6. 3 Page & Turnbull, 8.4. 4 Ibid., 8.5-8.6. Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 334 of 476 Section 2: Individual Historic District Plans
R Street Historic District Plan 332
Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalFigure 291. View of R Street, looking east from 10th Street with the W.P. Fuller Company warehouse on the left and Carlaw Bros. Stoneyard on the left (1941). Source: Center for Sacramento History, Eugene Hepting Collection, 1985/024/4807. until the 1960s. In 1963, a deep-water sea port opened at the Port of Sacramento in West Sacramento. Its completion redirected shipping activity from its historic centers at Front and R streets to West Sacramento.5 By the end of the decade, many of the businesses that had operated on R Street for decades had closed, including Carlaw Granite and Marble Works, which had been in business on the corridor since 1879. Rail passenger service had also declined since the end of the war, and in 1971, the Western Pacific and Southern Pacific railroad companies discontinued their passenger service and transferred it to Amtrak.

Freight traffic continued on R Street for a few more years, but the end was near. In 1974, the Southern Pacific railroad began to retire its tracks on the R 5 Environmental Science Associates, 8; Steven Avella, Sacramento: Indomitable City (San Francisco, CA: Arcadia Publishing, 2003), 124.

Street corridor from 5th to 21st streets. The Western
Pacific’s freight line, running north-south between 19th and 20th streets was acquired by the Union Pacific railroad in 1982. Although freight activity had ended, tracks were again in service along the corridor in 1987 when the former Western Pacific tracks on the Q/R Alley were converted into a section of the Sacramento Regional Transit’s light rail line.6
R Street has experienced a significant revitalization in the twenty-first century, transforming into one of Sacramento’s most vibrant commercial and recreational corridors. Many of the former industrial buildings in the area have been rehabilitated and are occupied by restaurants and local businesses. In 2015, the Lawrence Warehouse building reopened as the Warehouse Artist Lofts, a mixed-use apartment complex with 116 affordable housing units marketed to members of Sacramento’s artist community.7 6 Page & Turnbull, 8.7.
7 Nour Coudsi, “Warehouse Artists Lofts Offer Affordable Community for Sacramento Artists.” Capital Public Radio, accessed October 19, 2018, http:// www.capradio.org/news/the-view-from-here/2018/01/09/warehouseartists-lofts-offer-affordable-community-for-sacramento-artists/.

Figure 292. View of the Lawrence Warehouse from 11th and R streets with a line of cars parked next to the railroad tracks (1915). Source: California History Room, California State Library, Sacramento, California.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalSignificanceThe R Street Historic District was designated for listing on the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources by the City Preservation Commission in 1985 in Ordinance #85-076. In 2011, the R Street Historic District was determined to be eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places.

The following table provides a current evaluation of significance under the requirements and considers the factors based on the above historic district context and the 2018 historic district survey. Additionally, this historic district relates to the Railroad Context Statement and Agricultural Context Statement of the city’s General Plan Technical Background Report. (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (a) The R Street Historic District meets requirement (a) for listing on the Sacramento Register, because it is a geographically definable area.
(b)(i) The R Street Historic District meets requirement (b)(i) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area that possesses “a significant concentration or continuity of buildings unified by: (A) past events or (B) aesthetically by plan or physical development.” The R Street Historic District features a collection of industrial buildings that are associated with R Street’s development into a busy industrial, shipping, and transportation corridor from the nineteenth to twentieth century.

Buildings constructed in the district reflect their primary usage as warehousing, manufacturing, or distribution facilities that were built along a rail, rather than pedestrian corridor. The primary building facades are located on the numbered streets, rather than facing R Street, where the railroad tracks were located. The buildings also exhibit utilitarian designs—including rectangular floor plans, brick or concrete construction, and commercial features— that reflect the unique needs of the companies for which they were built. Most indicative of their orientation, first toward the railroad activity on R Street and the Q/R Alley, and later around truck-based transportation, the buildings in the district include freight and/or garage openings that reveal the continued importance of the corridor for freight transportation for more than one hundred years.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalPeriod of Significance:1903-1963The period of significance for the R Street Historic District begins with the removal of the R Street levee and reconstruction of the Southern Pacific Railroad’s tracks at grade in 1903 and ends with the opening of the Port of Sacramento in 1963, which diverted
shipping activity away from R Street.

Property Types from the Periodof Significance
x Industrial x Commercial
Architectural Styles from thePeriod of Significance
x Vernacular
x Commercial Styles:
o One-Part Commercial Block o Two-Part Commercial Block o Two-Part Vertical Block (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (b)(ii) The R Street Historic District meets requirement (b)(ii) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area “associated with an event, person, or period significant or important to city history.” The district is significant for its association with Sacramento’s emergence as the center for the railroad industry on the West Coast, as well as the railroad’s role in spurring industrial and transportation-related development in Sacramento. Beginning with the construction of the Sacramento Valley Railroad’s tracks on the right-of-way at R Street in the middle of the nineteenth century, industrial businesses sprang up along R Street to take advantage of the ease of shipping products to and from the port and markets further afield. Industrial development on the corridor reached its peak in the early twentieth century during the height of freight shipping in the United States.

The construction of a second, parallel rail line for the Western Pacific Railroad in 1909 on an alley immediately to the north of R Street created a unique concentration of rail lines and unparalleled shipping opportunities that attracted more businesses to the area. R Street became a hub of industrial activity, where warehouses, light industrial buildings, and distribution centers were concentrated along the two rival rail lines and built to face them.

Additionally, the district reflects the transition and evolution of traditional distribution and shipping centers to truckbased shipping after World War II. Businesses along the R Street corridor reoriented themselves to accommodate this new form of commercial transportation, constructing truck bays and loading docks in the place of railroad siding. Many remained in operation until the late 1960s, when the opening of the Port of Sacramento redirected shipping traffic to West Sacramento. (c) The R Street Historic District meets requirement (c) for listing on the Sacramento Register as it aligns with the goals and purposes of historic preservation in Sacramento, as well as the city’s other goals and policies. Per the Sacramento City Code, the preservation of the district enhances the “city’s economic, cultural and aesthetic standing, its identity and its livability, marketability, and urban character.” (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (2) Factors to be considered (a) Factor (2)(a) states that “a historic district should have integrity of design, setting, materials, workmanship and association.” The R Street Historic District retains sufficient integrity to meet this factor for consideration as a historic district. (b) Factor (2)(b) states that “the collective historic value of the buildings and structures in a historic district taken together may be greater than the historic value of each individual building or structure.” The R Street Historic District meets this factor because its buildings and structures represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose collective historic value is greater when taken as a whole.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalCharacter-Defining FeaturesThe following table is based on the list of character-defining features in the 2017 historic district survey that was completed for the Central City Specific Plan and revised based on the 2018 historic district survey.

Element Character of Historic District
Use x Warehouses and manufacturing, shipping, and/or processing facilities, most converted into commercial businesses
Mass & Form x One- to six-story buildings
x Rectangular plan
x Oriented to central track of sidings
Cladding x Predominately brick, reinforced concrete, corrugated metal, or other fire-proof material Roofs x Flat, shallow-arched, monitor, or saw-tooth roofs x Square, stepped, or rounded parapets
Entries & Doors x Rail and/or vehicular shipping docks and bays, often with rolling wood or metal doors x Freight and garage door openings face R Street or the Q/R Alley x Primary facades and entrances face numbered streets
Windows x May contain limited fenestration, often industrial steel sash windows with multiple panes
Ornamentation x Simple, utilitarian architectural design Property Landscape x Minimal or no Property x Landscape
Streetscape x Linear features, such as remaining railroad tracks and siding that align with the former routes of the Southern Pacific Railroad and Western Pacific Railroad Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 338 of 476
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalBoundaries & LocationThe following map shows the boundaries and location of the R Street Historic District. To view the statuses of individual properties as contributing or non-contributing resources to the historic district, refer to the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources.

Figure 293. Map of the R Street Historic District. Source: City of Sacramento and Page & Turnbull, 2019.

Legend
Historic District Boundary 0 100 200 300
°! Feet
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalDistrict-Specific Standards &CriteriaDesign PrinciplePreserve and maintain the contributing resources of the R Street Historic District while encouraging compatible new uses and development in the area that enhance its character as a historic industrial and transportation-related corridor.RationaleThe R Street Historic District preserves a historic industrial and transportation corridor that developed along the route of two parallel railroad tracks from the nineteenth tomid-twentieth centuries. Adaptive reuse
and redevelopment of the historic industrial buildings that line the corridor and sensitively-designed infill projects have helped transform the area into one of Sacramento’s most vibrant commercial, cultural, and entertainment centers. With interest and investment in the area expected to continue, it will be crucial to balance new development with the preservation of the contributing resources and historic character of the district.

1. Rehabilitation of Contributing
Resources

1.1 Preserve and enhance the historic street-facing
orientation of primary building facades and entrances.

1.2 Make every effort to preserve, repair, and
maintain any surviving steel frame windows, which significantly contribute to the industrial character of the district. x Re-instate multi-lite steel frame windows,
where they have been removed, if there is adequate documentation and if feasible.

1.3 Avoid filling in or obstructing historic window or
door openings.

1.4 Re-open historic window and door openings
that have been filled in.
x Use compatible new windows and door
materials, types, and forms.

1.5 Avoid painting or applying new finishes on
historically unpainted exterior masonry, particularly where historic painted signs (ghost signs) are present. x Consider removing paint or finishes from
historically unpainted exterior masonry, using the gentlest methods possible, during exterior repairs or renovations. x Maintain paint on exterior masonry where
likely to be the historic condition.

Figure 294. Buildings are typically oriented to R Street and have window and door openings that face the street.

Figure 295. A loading platform at 1001 R Street is used to provide restaurant seating and access to the building.

In addition to the Standards & Criteria Common to Sacramento's Historic Districts in Section 1, the following district-specific standards and criteria apply when planning a project in the R Street Historic District.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans Final1.6 Preserve and reuse historic loading platforms. x Encourage reuse of these platforms as part
of streetscape improvements to enhance the
pedestrian experience.
x Recreate historic loading platforms using
concrete or other compatible material.

1.7 Retain existing historic awnings, where possible. 1.8 Remove chain linked fences and barbed wire where possible.
x Replace chain link fences with fences that
are of a compatible material and height to historic or compatible new fences at contributing properties in the historic district.

2. Additions & Accessory Structures
for Contributing Resources

2.1 Where rooftop additions are desired, use step
backs in order to maintain existing street façade
height.

2.2 Respect historic open areas that are part of
historic configuration or building siting, such as open areas at loading or service zones, to the extent feasible. x Incorporate historic open areas into project
site plan for an outdoor use, such as dining enclosures.

3.New (Infill) Construction &
Alterations to Non-Contributing Resources

3.1 Design the scale, massing, and proportions of
new construction to be compatible with those of adjacent contributing buildings on the same block. x Break larger masses into smaller modules
that relate to the surrounding contributing buildings.
x Where additional height is proposed,
consider using step backs for taller buildings to maintain the existing street façade height of adjacent contributing buildings.

Figure 296. Increased building heights and masses are appropriate next to contributing buildings that are taller and larger in scale.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans Final3.2 Align windows, doors, and variations in façade treatments to the extent feasible with that of adjacent contributing buildings in order to maintain the existing pattern of door and window openings found on the block face. x When not possible, utilize the average datum
lines of contributing properties.

3.3 Preserve the historic pattern of siting buildings
with a zero-lot-line setback from the street..

4.SiteFeatures,Streetscape, &
Landscaping

4.1 Pursue a “complete street” approach that
enhances pedestrian safety while preserving the historic district’s minimally landscaped industrial character.

4.2 Preserve and enhance the visibility of surviving
physical elements that are associated with the railroad that historically serviced the area, including track alignments and loading bays that open onto tracks.

4.3 Continue the pattern and orientation of
sidewalks.

4.4 Develop a street furnishing and lighting palette
that are compatible with the industrial character, scale, and materials of contributing resources in the district.

Figure 297. Historic loading bays convey the character of the district as a historic transportation corridor.

Figure 298. Historic railroad tracks contribute to the character of the district.

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South Side
Historic District Plan
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalPhysical Description & BoundariesThe South Side Historic District is located within Sacramento’s 1848 street grid plan but is situated beyond the city’s original de facto southern limit, which was formerly delineated by the R Street railroad levee until its removal in 1902.1 The presentday neighborhood is roughly bounded by Rice Alley to the north, 16th Street to the east, W Street to the
south, and 3rd Street to the west. As Sacramento’s
largest historic district, South Side features a broad range of building types, styles, and uses, as well as the historic Southside Park, the district’s namesake.

Figure 299. A view of the lake in Southside Park, looking east. Figure 300. Our Lady of Guadalupe Church faces Southside Park. 1 William Burg, “Southside Park,” (National Register of Historic Places Draft Registration Form, California Office of Historic Preservation, 2017), 10.; William Burg, Sacramento’s Southside Park (San Francisco: Arcadia Publishing, 2007), 21.

Figure 301. Victorian-era houses, such as these on 4th Street between S and T streets, appear throughout the district but are more common west of Southside Park.

Figure 302. A few houses, such as this house on Solons Alley, survive in the alleys to the west of Southside Park.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalBrief Historic ContextThe South Side Historic District preserves a vibrant, mixed-use neighborhood in the southwestern quadrant of Sacramento’s original 1848 street grid. At the time of the city’s initial settlement in the midnineteenth century, this area was characterized by agricultural fields and low-lying marsh land.2 Two
major infrastructure developments helped to shape the evolution of the South Side during this early period, the first of which was the construction of the R Street levee on the city’s southern edge in 1854.3 Although it was intended to protect the young city from periodic flooding, it had the opposite effect. During particularly devastating flooding in the winter of 1861-1862, the R Street levee trapped floodwaters within the city for several months.4 Because of the presence of the levee and the constant threat of flooding, the area to the south of R Street remained sparsely populated until the end of the nineteenth century.5 The second major development was the establishment
of the Sacramento Valley Railroad, which constructed
its route along the top of the R Street levee and began its operations in 1856. The S.V.R.R. was California’s first railroad line and spanned 22 miles between 2 Fire Department of the City of Sacramento, A Birds-eye view of Sacramento Capitol of the State of California [map], 1857, 30 1/4 inches x 35 inches, “California History Section, Picture Catalog,” California State Library, http:// catalog.library.ca.gov/F/NETX6MY4UVD6PJF2TY7CDCRV7LN7F78AGKTF NFKMKR229GYXJ5-37463?func=full-set-set&set_number=001266&set_ entry=000001&format=999. 3 Richard J. Orsi, “Railroads and the Urban Environment: Sacramento’s Story,” in River City and Valley Life: An Environmental History of the Sacramento Region, ed. Christopher J Castaneda and Lee M. A. Simpson (Pittsburgh: The University of Pittsburgh Press, 2013), 80-81. 4 Orsi, 83. 5 Historic Environment Consultants, “Southside Park: Historical Architectural and Landscape Survey,” (report, City of Sacramento, 2012), 6.

Figure 303. Small commercial buildings are scattered throughout the district and often located at street corners. Figure 305. Minimal Traditional style houses are more frequent to the east of Southside Park.

Figure 304. A row of Craftsman style bungalows on 15th Street between T and U streets.

Figure 306. Mid-century apartments add to the variety of residential buildings in the district.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalFigure 307. View looking north along the Sacramento River from T Street, showing industrial development next to the river below R Street (1929). Source: Center for Sacramento History, David L.

Figure 308. Close-up of blocks east of 8th Street from an 1895 map published by the Sanborn Map Company, showing increased development (1895). Source: Sacramento Public Library, edited by Page & Turnbull.

Joslyn Collection, 1970/001/0092.

Sacramento and Folsom.6 Following the construction
of an improved levee system on Y Street in 1878, the R Street levee was removed and the railroad tracks, by then owned by the Southern Pacific Company, were rebuilt at ground-level in 1903.7 A majority of industrial development in the South Side
area occurred along the waterfront to take advantage
of access to riverboats traveling up and down the river daily and employed large numbers of people.8 The remainder of land beyond the levee was occupied by moderately sized homes, small garden plots, and uncultivated marsh land, including a slough between 6th and 8th streets that would later become the site of Southside Park.9 In 1871, the Sacramento City Street
Railway extended its line south along 10th Street to
the City Cemetery on Y Street.10 By 1900, another
streetcar line would be added that ran east along T Street from 3rd Street to 28th Street.11 A map published by the Sanborn Map Company in 1895 illustrates the resulting increase in development, especially to the east of 8th Street.12 The gradual influx of residents to South Side led to the establishment of the Southside Improvement Association around 1900.13 The focus of the 9 Ibid.
10 William Burg, Sacramento’s Streetcars (Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2006), 9.
organization was to lobby for the removal of the R Street levee and the beautification of the slough land between R and Y streets. After the levee’s removal in 1903, the Southside Improvement Association, led by many of the South Side’s landowners, shifted its efforts to the creation of a multi-block park that it hoped would attract more residents to the area. The project was an early example of a communityled improvement project that aimed to increase neighborhood density.14By 1907, the City’s Board of Trustees had approved plans for the creation of Southside Park, which were to be carried out by architect Rudolf Herold, engineer George Randal, and landscape architect John McLaren, designer of San Francisco’s Golden Gate 6 Steven M. Avella, Sacramento: Indomitable City (San Francisco: Arcadia 11 William Burg, “Sacramento’s Streetcar Suburbs, Part 4: East Sacramento Publishing, 2003), 53. 7 Page & Turnbull, “R Street Corridor Historic District,” (National Register of Historic Places Draft Registration Form, California Office of Historic Preservation, 2013), 3. 8 Burg, “Southside Park,” 8.12.
and Elmhurst,” Sacramento History (blog), September 5, 2007, http:// sacramentohistory.blogspot.com/2007/09/sacramentos-streetcar-suburbspart-4.html. 12 Sanborn Map Company, Sacramento, California [map], sheet 40, 1895. 13 Burg, “Southside Park,” 8.10.
14 Nathan Hallam, “The Evolution of Sacramento’s Central City Street Grid,” (master’s thesis, Sonoma State University, 2003), 68.

Linda Flint McClelland, National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form: Historic Residential Suburbs in the United States, 1830- 1960. Washington, D.C.: National Park Service, 2002, 68. 9th Street
10th Street
11th Street
12th Street
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalFigure 309. Southside Park (1927). Source: California History Room, California State Library, Sacramento, California.

Park. The design of Southside Park was influenced by the nineteenth-century principles of urban planning and park development exhibited by the works of Frederick Law Olmsted and his contemporaries.15 The completed park covered eight city blocks, totaling 26 acres in size.

A massive building boom in South Side marked the years that followed. Numerous newspaper articles and advertisements touted the area’s charm and the recreational amenities. A listing in the Sacramento Union from 1909, in the midst of because of their proximity to the new park16 While
larger homes were built on the land closest to the park, the majority of the newly subdivided parcels were developed for modestly scaled homes in architectural styles characteristic of the period, such as the Craftsman and Classical Revival styles.

South Side was an attractive location for local residents who were vacating Sacramento’s overcrowded city center. Additionally, because South Side was one of the few neighborhoods where racial covenants did not restrict homeownership, it was settled by the many immigrant and ethnic groups that arrived in Sacramento during the first half of the twentieth century.17 By the 1920s, South Side could already be characterized as a multicultural neighborhood. The area’s unique cultural milieu brought about the construction of many churches and societal halls that contributed to the neighborhood’s architectural character.18 While many of South Side’s earliest inhabitants were Irish immigrants, it was primarily a neighborhood of Portuguese and Italian immigrants prior to the 1950s.19 The local Portuguese community was centered around 3rd and T streets. Its cultural and
spiritual heart were the ODES Hall (Ordem do Divino Espirito Santo, or Order of the Divine Holy Spirit) at 514 W Street and St. Elizabeth’s Church at the corner of 12th and S Street. Italians settled along S and T streets as far east as 19th Street and attended St.

Mary’s Church, which was originally located at 8th and
N and relocated to the corner of 7th and T streets in
1915.

A new influx of ethnic groups flowed into the South Side neighborhood in the 1950s as a result of the redevelopment of Sacramento’s West End, located immediately to the north. Many displaced Japanese, Chinese, Latino, and African American residents relocated to South Side during this period.20 A Mexican community grew along 4th and 5th streets, southward
toward Y Street (now Broadway). The community centered around El Centro Mexicano, dedicated in 1948 and located next to Southside Park at 6th and W streets, and Our Lady of Guadalupe Church, built in 1958 at 711 T Street.21 Highway construction in the middle decades of the twentieth century forever altered the South Side neighborhood. Demolition for U.S. Route 50, planned to run east to west between W and X streets, began in 1965 and resulted in the destruction of a quarter of Southside Park, hundreds of houses, and significant community buildings, including the ODES Hall. The completed highway also effectively cut South Side off from the newer, wealthier neighborhoods of Curtis Park and Land Park that had developed to the south of Y Street (now Broadway) in the early twentieth century. Meanwhile, the construction of Interstate 5, running north to south between Front and 3rd streets, in the 1960s severed the neighborhood’s
the park’s construction, described Southside Park connection to the river waterfront. The highway as “Sacramento’s show garden” and declared that
adjacent property values would “soar sky high”
16 “Southside Park Frontage 160x160,” Sacramento Union, November 30, 1909, https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SU19091130.2.144.7&srp os=143&e= en--20--141--txt-txIN-%22Southside+Park%22+Sacramen to ------ 1. project devastated the industrial corridor along the
Sacramento River and the Portuguese business district
17 Burg, Sacramento’s Southside Park, 31.
15 Burg, “Southside Park,” 8.11.
18 Ibid.
19 Burg, “Southside Park,” 8.12.
20 Burg, “Southside Park,” 8.13.
21 Ibid., Section 8, 15-16.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans Finallocated along 3rdStreet.22 South Side fell into disrepair, and residents with the means to relocate moved to newer residential suburbs outside of Sacramento.23 In the twenty-first century, South Side has retained its identity as an inclusive, multicultural neighborhood. Students and young professionals have moved into the neighborhood, attracted by its combination of inexpensive housing, proximity to Southside Park, shady street trees, and historic architecture, and turned many of its single-family homes into shared living spaces. Infill projects, such as the 1990s cohousing project at 5th and T streets, have filled in many vacant lots leftover from redevelopment projects, while historic preservation efforts, led by local homeowners and the City of Sacramento, have resulted in the restoration of historic houses in the neighborhood.24 22 Ibid., Section 8, 17. 23 Burg, Sacramento’s Southside Park, 117. 24 Ibid., 123-124.

Figure 310. Parade of Chicano horseback riders in front of Our Lady of Guadalupe Church (1964). Source: Center for Sacramento History, Trinidad Sanchez Collection, 1998/098/001.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalSignificanceThe South Side Historic District was designated for listing on the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources by the City Preservation Commission in 1985 in Ordinance #85-076. The following table provides a current evaluation of significance under the requirements and considers the factors based on the above historic district context and the 2018 historic district survey. Additionally, this historic district relates to the Railroad Context Statement of the city’s General Plan Technical Background Report. (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (a) The South Side Historic District meets requirement (a) for listing on the Sacramento Register, because it is a geographically definable area.
(b)(i) The South Side Historic District meets requirement (b)(i) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area that possesses “a significant concentration or continuity of buildings unified by: (A) past events or (B) aesthetically by plan or physical development.”
Due to South Side’s rapid development during the first decades of the twentieth century, the district represents a stylistically unified collection of residential and commercial buildings. Buildings within the district boundaries share complimentary architectural styles, scale, and materials. To the west of Southside Park, the district is characterized by a cohesive grouping of simple, high-basement cottages. To the east of the park, the district is comprised of similar high-basement cottages punctuated by larger homes with more elaborate ornamentation.25 (b)(ii) The South Side Historic District meets requirement (b)(ii) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area “associated with an event, person, or period significant or important to city history.” The South Side Historic District is significant for its association with early twentieth-century community-led movements to increase neighborhood density. Unlike Sacramento’s one-block parks that were incorporated as part of the city’s original grid plan, Southside Park was a community-driven improvement project, led by the Southside Improvement Association, that was intended to enhance the natural appeal of the neighborhood and draw homeowners from the densely-populated city center.26 The ensuing development of South Side attracted residents from diverse backgrounds, many of whom were recent immigrants to Sacramento. (c) The South Side Historic District meets requirement (c) for listing on the Sacramento Register as it aligns with the goals and purposes of historic preservation in Sacramento, as well as the city’s other goals and policies. Per the Sacramento City Code, the preservation of the district enhances the “city’s economic, cultural and aesthetic standing, its identity and its livability, marketability, and urban character.” 25 “2.2.29 South Side Historic District,” (Ordinance # 85-076, Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources, July 30, 1985, updated May 2014), 2. 26 Ibid.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalPeriod of Significance:1871-1965The period of significance for the South Side Historic District begins with the inauguration of streetcar service down 10th Street to Y Street in 1871 and ends when demolition for the construction of Highway 50 began in 1965. The district has an expansive period of significance to incorporate the area's initial period of physical development as well as the significant physical and demographic changes that took place in the mid-twentieth century, which contribute to the unique architectural character and cultural significance of the district.

Property Types from the Periodof Significance
x Residential
x Institutional/Civic
x Commercial
x Recreational
Architectural Styles from thePeriod of Significance
x Italianate x Queen Anne x Stick/Eastlake
x Folk Victorian
x Colonial Revival
x Classical Revival
x Classic Box
x Tudor x Beaux Arts x French Eclectic
x Italian Renaissance
x Mission
x Spanish Eclectic
x Mediterranean Revival
x Prairie
x Craftsman
x Minimal Traditional
x Art Deco x Streamline Moderne
x Late Moderne
x Mid-Century Modern x Googie/Exaggerated Modern
x Vernacular
x Commercial Styles:
o One-Part Commercial Block o Two-Part Commercial Block (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (2) Factors to be considered (a) Factor (2)(a) states that “a historic district should have integrity of design, setting, materials, workmanship and association.” The South Side Historic District retains sufficient integrity to meet this factor for consideration as a historic district. (b) Factor (2)(b) states that “the collective historic value of the buildings and structures in a historic district taken together may be greater than the historic value of each individual building or structure.” The South Side Historic District meets this factor because its buildings and structures represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose collective historic value is greater when taken as a whole.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalCharacter-Defining Features Element Character of Historic District
Use x Historically single-family residences, some converted into multi-family units x Small commercial businesses, typically located on street corners x Parking and auxiliary uses located along alleys
Mass & Form x Civic and institutional buildings—such as churches, schools, and community organizations—concentrated around community “gathering place” of Southside Park x Buildings generally one-to-three stories tall
x Some houses with Delta-style high basements and raised first story x Predominately cuboid or horizontal massing; although older houses often exhibit vertical massing
x Larger houses generally located on lettered streets, with smaller houses more typically located on numbered streets, especially toward the district’s southern boundary near U.S. Route 50 x Many houses in the Classic Box form located along the route of a former street car line on T Street
Cladding x Predominately wood siding, typically three-lap, channel rustic, or shingle siding of varying shapes, especially on upper stories and gabled ends x Occasional use of brick, stucco, or a combination of the two x Stucco cladding as a common alteration, often combined with clay or cement tile roofs Roofs x Front-facing gabled, hipped, or jerkinhead roofs, often with centrally-placed hipped or shed dormers
x Brick and clinker brick chimneys
Entries & Doors x Delta-style configuration with staircases leading to primary entrances above a high basement
x Paneled wood doors, often with a transom above, or integrated glazing x Wood or terrazzo stairs
Windows x Wood-frame double-hung windows
x Front- and side-facing bay windows
Porches x Prominent full, half, or central porches with Classical, square tapered, paired, or turned columns accessed by stairs
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Element Character of Historic District
Ornamentation x Queen Anne, Eastlake, and Classical Revival details, including incised brackets; spindlework; turned or Tuscan columns, patterned shingles, and rounded bay windows x Craftsman details, including exposed rafter and purlin tails, wood braces, tapered square columns, and low shed dormers
Property Landscape
x Small lawns or gardens in front of many houses
Streetscape x Generally uniform setback from street to property line of approximately 16 feet from sidewalks to primary building facades with an eight-foot-wide sidewalk and eight-footwide grass parking strip on lettered streets, and a slightly narrower measurements on numbered streets x Rows of mature, deciduous street trees—most commonly sycamore, elm, walnut, and cork trees and some rows of evenly spaced palms—planted in a parking strip along the street curb
x Evidence of hitching posts in the form of L-shaped concrete strips next to street curbs in front of some turn-of-the-century houses
x Narrow driveways leading to garages that are built into the first story of a house, attached to the side of a house, or constructed as free-standing structures on the alley.

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Boundaries & LocationThe following map shows the boundaries and location of the South Side Historic District. To view the statuses of individual properties as contributing or non-contributing resources to the historic district, refer to the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources.

Figure 311. Map of the South Side Historic District. Source: City of Sacramento and Page & Turnbull, 2019.

Legend
Historic District Boundary 0 200 400 600 800
°! Feet SACRAMENTO HISTORIC OLD CITY CEMETERY

O'NEIL FIELD
£͞50

SOUTHSIDE PARK

THEODORE

ROOSEVELT
PARK

CAPITOL PARK
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District-Specific Standards &CriteriaDesign PrinciplePreserve and maintain the existing historic character of the South Side Historic District as one of Sacramento’s most architecturally and ethnically diverse neighborhoods while encouraging compatible new development that enhances this character and improves the historic district’s connection to surrounding neighborhoods.RationaleThe South Side Historic District is one of Sacramento’s largest and most ethnically and architecturally diverse historic districts, consisting of a collection of historic residential, commercial, civic, and institutional buildings, dating from the late nineteenth to midtwentieth centuries. The neighborhood is somewhat cut off from other parts of the city by Highway 50 to the south and larger scale commercial development and parking lots that spill over from the R Street corridor to the north. South Side retains a broad feeling of visual coherence, in spite of its wide range of architectural styles and building types, due to a similar use of materials and landscaping and the gradual shift in building scale, massing, and architectural styles as the historic district progresses from west to east.

1. Rehabilitation of Contributing
Resources

1.1 Preserve, maintain, and continue to encourage
compatible re-use of the contributing historic
civic, institutional, and commercial buildings.

1.2 Maintain, preserve, and, where necessary,
repair and restore historic elements associated with the Delta style of residential architecture, especially historic staircases facing the street, porches, bay windows, and doors.

Figure 312. Wood and brick are common historic materials on contributing buildings throughout South Side.

In addition to the Standards & Criteria Common to Sacramento's Historic Districts in Section 1, the following district-specific standards and criteria apply when planning a project in the South Side Historic District.

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2. Additions & Accessory Structures
for Contributing Resources

2.1 Avoid additions that make contributing buildings
constructed in horizontally massed or boxlike architectural styles, such as Craftsman or Classic Box, more vertical or that make vertically massed Victorian-era buildings more horizontal.

2.2 Avoid additions that cause a contributing
building’s height to exceed 150% of its historic height. x Use step backs to maintain the existing
street façade height.

Figure 313. Additions should not cause a building's height to exceed 150% of its historic height.

3.New (Infill) Construction &
Alterations to Non-Contributing Resources

3.1 Design the scale, massing, and proportions of
new construction to be compatible with those of contributing buildings on the same block x Larger buildings with box-like massing are
generally appropriate on lettered streets, particularly along T Street, while smaller buildings with horizontal massing are generally appropriate on lettered streets, particularly on the south edge of the historic district. x Pay special attention to compatibility
of height and massing when locating new construction adjacent to a row of contributing buildings that exhibit the same height and mass.

3.2 The height of new buildings should be no
more than 150% of the height of surrounding contributing buildings.

Figure 314. The height of new buildings should be no more than 150% of the height of surrounding contributing buildings. Figure 315. Rows of houses of similar height and scale create distinctive, visually cohesive groupings on some blocks.

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3.3 Maintain the visibility of varying building
profiles, shapes and forms in the historic district.
x Avoid designs that result in rows of identical
new buildings.

3.4 Focus commercial and mixed-use development
to street corners and along 10th Street.
x Where commercial properties are sited
directly adjacent to residential properties, provide a side setback and articulate side facades to avoid solid party walls facing residential properties. x Consider drawing design inspiration from
contributing commercial buildings in the historic district.

3.5 Preserve the historic pattern and articulation
of long, narrow 40’ x 160’ parcels, wherever
possible.
x Consider breaking down the massing of large
infill developments into smaller masses that reflect the historic lot pattern.

3.6 Consider providing covered front porches or
entries at new infill development to preserve the historic district’s visual pattern of porches.

Figure 316. Contributing commercial buildings in the historic district are often located at street corners and may provide a useful context for new commercial infill.

4.Site Features, Streetscape, &
Landscaping

4.1 Preserve, maintain, and, where necessary,
repair and restore historic plantings and landscaping features in Southside Park, such as the bandstand and lake.

4.2 If it becomes necessary to replace a mature
street tree, replace it with the same species of tree or a compatible species that will grow to a similar height, size, and form.

4.3 Where street trees consist of a row of trees of the same species, such as palms, replace removed or diseased trees with the same species or a compatible species at regular intervals in order to maintain the historic tree planting pattern.

4.4 Remove chain link fences and barbed wire
where possible.

Figure 317. Uniform setbacks add to the visual cohesiveness of the architecturally varied historic district.

Figure 318. The lake in Southside Park is a historic landscaping feature of the park.

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x Replace chain link fences with fences that
are of a compatible material and height
to historic or compatible new fences at contributing properties in the historic district.

5.Alley Infill5.1 The height of alley infill should be no more than 150% of the height of surrounding contributing buildings.

5.1 Draw inspiration for the design of secondary
dwelling units on alleys from historic examples of residential buildings located on alleys within the historic district.

Figure 319. Contributing buildings along alleys in the district provide a historic example for development along alleys.

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Winn Park
Historic District Plan
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalPhysical Description & BoundariesThe Winn Park Historic District is a predominately residential neighborhood located in the eastern section of Sacramento’s original 1848 street grid. The district is bounded roughly by N, 29th, R, and 21st streets. In April 2018, the Winn Park Historic District was expanded to include 1616, 1620, and 1624 21st Street, also known as Sacramento’s “Painted Ladies.”1 The district consists of a public park and primarily residential neighborhood, largely composed of treelined streets filled with single-family houses and apartment buildings that display a wide variety of architectural styles consistent with their construction from the late nineteenth century to 1940s.

Figure 320. A view of Winn Park, looking northwest. Figure 321. Three Queen Anne style houses on N Street between 21st and 22nd streets.
1 “Welcome to the Winn Park Association,” Winn Park Historic District Association, accessed July 19, 2018. https://winnparkassociation.org.

Figure 322. The district contains single- and multi-family residential buildings built in a variety of architectural styles.

Figure 323. Rows of evenly spaced palms are planted in parking strips in front of many houses in the district.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalBrief Historic ContextThe Winn Park neighborhood and the public park around which it was built were named in honor of General A.M. Winn, the founder of the Native Sons of the Golden West and an early president of Sacramento’s first City Council.2 The park is one of ten one-block plazas that John A. Sutter, Jr. donated
to the city for use as a public park when Sacramento was first laid out in 1848. Located at the city’s eastern periphery at the time of its establishment, Winn Park and the lots surrounding it were undeveloped until the late nineteenth century when Sacramento’s expanding population began to spill out into new residential developments that were emerging on the city’s borders.

The development of new “modern” neighborhoods to the east of Sacramento’s central business district was aided by the extension of streetcar lines to these areas. Winn Park, itself, was serviced by a number of streetcar lines. The closest ran down P Street and terminated at the park on 28th Street. Additional lines bordered the neighborhood at M Street (Capitol Avenue) and 28th streets. Easy streetcar access was one of the features that attracted Winn Park’s first residents to the area. By the late nineteenth century, Sacramento’s downtown had become overcrowded, dirty, and crime-ridden, and middle-class residents began to leave in search of houses in cleaner and quieter neighborhoods with modern amenities.

Figure 324. Winn Park (ca. 1930). Source: Parks and Buildings of Sacramento, Calif., BANC PIC 1905.05268--PIC. Courtesy of The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.

Streetcars allowed residents to enjoy the benefits of living outside the city center while offering them the means to travel to their places of work downtown or at the canneries or other businesses to the east.3
The real estate sales firm Wright and Kimbrough
3 Nathan Hallam, “‘We Must Give the World Confidence in the Stability and encouraged customers to purchase houses in the Winn Park neighborhood by advertising them as part of a “high-class home section” with modern features, such as macadamized streets and paved sidewalks.4 Permanence of the Place:’ Planning Sacramento’s Townsite, 1853-1870,” 2 “All Sacramento Aids in N.S.G.W. Preparations,” San Francisco Chronicle, September 7, 1917, 2.
in River City and Valley Life: An Environmental History of the Sacramento Region, ed. Christopher J. Castaneda and Lee M.A. Simpson (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2013), 63-64. 4 Wright and Kimbrough, “The site for that handsome home,” Sacramento Union, November 20, 1911; Wright and Kimbrough advertisement, Sacramento Union, May 17, 1910.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalThe neighborhood’s proximity to Winn Park, touted by real estate firms as “one of the city’s beauty places,” also increased its desirability.5 In the early twentieth century, the park hosted public events, such as performances of the city’s summer municipal concert series.6 In 1917, the dedication exercises of the Native Sons and Daughters of the Golden West took place there as part of Admission Day celebrations, an event which attracted the largest crowd of visitors to Sacramento since its founding in the mid-nineteenth century.7 Twenty years later, a fire alarm relay station was built at the center of the park for Sacramento’s fire stations.

Through World War II until the end of streetcar service in the 1946, Winn Park maintained its identity as a wealthy middle-class enclave. In the 1930s and 1940s, houses in the popular Revival styles of the time were built next to the earlier Queen Anne and Craftsman style houses.8 Office buildings and other small businesses were also constructed. After the war, however, affluent residents began migrating away from older neighborhoods in the central city in increasing numbers to newer automobile-oriented suburbs that were developing outside Sacramento. 9 With their departure, lower-income residents moved
in to Midtown neighborhoods, such as Winn Park, during the postwar period. Multi-unit apartment buildings were constructed in greater numbers in response to the demographic shift. New apartment complexes have been constructed at the start of the twenty-first century, as well, as residents have begun to return to the city center. Care has been taken to sensitively design these new infill buildings to be compatible with the size, scale, and form of the neighborhood’s existing buildings.10 5 Wright and Kimbrough, “The site for that handsome home.” 6 “Winn Park Selected for Sunday Concert,” Sacramento Union, June 15, 1915.
7 “All Sacramento Aids in N.S.G.W. Preparations.” 8 “Ordinance Expanding the Boundaries of the Winn Park Historic District to Include 1616 21st Street, 1620 21st Street, and 1624 21st Street on the Sacramento Register as Contributing Resources (M18-001),” (ordinance, Sacramento City Council, April 10, 2018). 9 Steven M. Avella, Indomitable Sacramento (San Francisco, CA: Arcadia Publishing, 2003), 119-120.
10 “Key Initiatives – Primary Goals of the Association,” Winn Park Historic District Association, accessed July 20, 2018. https://winnparkassociation. org/key-initiatives.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalSignificanceThe Winn Park Historic District was designated for listing on the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources by the City Preservation Commission in 2004 in Ordinance #2004-009. At that time, it was determined to meet all of the requirements and factors for listing as defined by the Sacramento City Code. The following table provides a current evaluation of significance under the requirements and considers the factors based on the above historic district context and the 2018 historic district survey. Additionally, this historic district relates to the Railroad Context Statement of the city’s General Plan Technical Background Report. (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (a) The Winn Park Historic District meets requirement (a) for listing on the Sacramento Register, because it is a geographically definable area.
(b)(i) The Winn Park Historic District meets requirement (b)(i) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area that possesses “a significant concentration or continuity of buildings unified by: (A) past events or (B) aesthetically by plan or physical development.”
The district contains a public park and a primarily middle-class residential neighborhood, which is characterized by a concentration of houses and a few apartment buildings that were constructed in an outlying area of Sacramento’s street grid as the city expanded outward from the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth century. The neighborhood developed around and received its name from Winn Park, one of the ten original public squares that John A. Sutter, Jr. donated to the City in 1848.

The architectural styles, building types, and elaborate design details found on buildings within the district reflect its development as a middle-class enclave and reveals the evolution of architectural tastes through the 1940s. These middle-class houses ranged from late nineteenth-century Queen Anne residences and turn-ofthe-century Craftsman bungalows to houses that incorporated elements of the Classical and Colonial Revival styles that were popular in the 1930s and 1940s. Elaborate and expensive details – such as ornate porch eaves, decorative brick porch surrounds, and fluted pilasters – further reflect Winn Park’s history as an affluent middleclass neighborhood. Multi-family apartment buildings were also constructed during the neighborhood’s peak period of development, ranging from Tudor style courtyard apartments to larger apartment buildings that incorporated elements of the Streamline Moderne style. (b)(ii) The Winn Park Historic District meets requirement (b)(ii) for listing on the Sacramento Register as an area “associated with an event, person, or period significant or important to city history.” The district is associated with the emergence of new residential neighborhoods along streetcar lines that extended to formerly outlying areas of Sacramento’s street grid as the city rapidly expanded outward and emerged as a modern, twentieth-century city. The Winn Park area was undeveloped until the late nineteenth century when the completion of streetcar lines allowed individuals and families in search of newer, cleaner places to live to migrate out of older overcrowded neighborhoods near the city’s downtown business district. Winn Park maintained its identity as a middle-class neighborhood until the postwar period, when many residents began to move to newer automobile suburbs that were developing outside of Sacramento’s city limits.

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Period of Significance:1890-1946The period of significance for the Winn Park Historic District begins with the neighborhood’s establishment in 1890 and concludes with the end of streetcar service to the neighborhood in 1946, which coincided with the migration of residents out of the area to newer automobile suburbs outside Sacramento’s city limits.

Property Types from the Periodof Significance
x Residential
Architectural Styles from thePeriod of Significance
x Gothic Revival
x Italianate x Stick/Eastlake
x Queen Anne x Shingle
x Classical Revival
x Colonial Revival
x Classic Box
x Tudor x Beaux Arts
x Italian Renaissance
x Mission
x Spanish Revival
x Monterey x Prairie
x Craftsman
x Streamline Moderne
x Vernacular
(B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (1) Requirements (c) The Winn Park Historic District meets requirement (c) for listing on the Sacramento Register as it aligns with the goals and purposes of historic preservation in Sacramento, as well as the city’s other goals and policies. Per the Sacramento City Code, the preservation of the district enhances the “city’s economic, cultural and aesthetic standing, its identity and its livability, marketability, and urban character.” (B) Listing on the Sacramento Register – Historic districts (2) Factors to be considered
(a) Factor (2)(a) states that “a historic district should have integrity of design, setting, materials, workmanship and association.” The Winn Park Historic District retains sufficient integrity to meet this factor for consideration as a historic district. (b) Factor (2)(b) states that “the collective historic value of the buildings and structures in a historic district taken together may be greater than the historic value of each individual building or structure.” The Winn Park Historic District meets this factor because its buildings and structures represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose collective historic value is greater when taken as a whole.

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Character-Defining Features
Element Character of Historic District Element Character of Historic District Use x Historically single-family residences, some converted into multi-family units
x Interspersed churches and apartment buildings x Parking and auxiliary uses located along alleys Ornamentation x Queen Anne and Stick/Eastlake details, including incised brackets under roof eaves; slender, turned porch posts and balusters; patterned shingles on gabled ends x Classical Revival details, including fluted pilasters; Tuscan columns, dentils along cornice, and garland decorations x Craftsman and Prairie details, such as wide overhanging eaves, exposed rafter tails, wood braces, tapered square column, and low shed dormers x Tudor details, including half-timbering x Spanish Revival details, such as stucco facing, rounded arches, and terracotta ornamentation around entrances and cornices Mass & Form x Variable height of buildings, ranging from one to four stories
x Some houses with Delta-style high basement and raised first story
x Horizontal or square massing of homes facing lettered streets
x Smaller homes located on numbered streets
Cladding x Predominately wood siding, typically wide- and narrowwidth channel rustic siding, three- or four-lap siding, or shingles
x Some brick or stucco
Property Landscape
x Wrought iron fences with brick piers or low brick retaining walls around small front lawns or gardens
x Some brick patios with decorative bond patterns
x Axial pathways intersecting at the fire alarm relay station at the center of Winn Park
x Rows of mature, evenly spaced palms planted around the perimeter of Winn Park
Roofs x Prominent front-facing gabled or hipped roofs, often with a centrally placed dormer
x Brick or clinker brick chimneys
x Some red clay tile roofs on Spanish Revival style buildings Streetscape x Uniform setback for single-family houses, tending to be wider along lettered streets
x Narrower setback on numbered streets x Rows of mature, evenly spaced, deciduous street trees— most often elms or sycamore interspersed with rows of
palms—planted in a parking strip along the street curb
x Varying sidewalk widths to accommodate street trees x Iron hitching posts with horseheads and evidence of removed hitching posts in the form of L-shaped concrete strips next to street curbs
x Concrete upping stones engraved with family names
Entries & Doors x Delta-style configuration with staircases leading to primary entrances above a high basement
x Paneled wood doors, often with a transom above, or
integrated glazing
x Wood, brick or terrazzo steps leading to primary entrances Windows x Wood-frame double-hung, casement, paired, ribbon, and leaded glass windows
x Single and multi-story bay windows in semi-hexagonal, squared, and rounded forms
Porches x Full-width, half-width, or central porches with Classical, square tapered, paired, or turned columns
x Brick and clinker brick column or porch bases
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Winn Park Historic District Plan 362
Boundaries & LocationThe following map shows the boundaries and location of the Winn Park Historic District. To view the statuses of individual properties as contributing or non-contributing resources to the historic district, refer to the Sacramento Register of Historic and Cultural Resources.

Figure 325. Map of the Winn Park Historic District. Source: City of Sacramento and Page & Turnbull, 2019.

Legend
Historic District Boundary Feet0 200 400 600
°!

ALBERT WINN PARK

SUTTER'S

FORT & STATE INDIAN MUSEUM
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Winn Park Historic District Plan 363
District-Specific Standards &CriteriaDesign PrincipleProjects in the Winn Park Historic District shall minimize further impacts on the historic district’s overall integrity by respecting and drawing design inspiration from its existing contributing resources and character-defining features.RationaleWinn Park is one of Sacramento’s largest and most architecturally varied historic districts, with a collection of historic houses and apartment buildings dating from the late nineteenth to midtwentieth centuries situated around a public park and the historic Fremont School building. Perhaps to a greater degree than many of Sacramento’s other historic districts, Winn Park has been impacted by the construction of apartment buildings during the midtwentieth century. However, in spite of the addition of newer buildings and variety of architectural styles, Winn Park’s streetscapes retain a broad feeling of visual coherence due to a similar use of materials, building scale and massing, setbacks from the street, and landscaping that visually tie its contributing resources together.

1. Rehabilitation of Contributing
Resources

1.1 Preserve, maintain, and continue to encourage
compatible use of the historic Fremont School building.

1.2 Maintain, preserve, and, where necessary,
repair and restore historic elements associated with the Delta style of residential architecture, especially historic staircases, porches, bay windows, and doors.

Figure 326. The Fremont School building is a visual and cultural focal point of the historic district.

Figure 327. Delta style houses are common in the historic district.

In addition to the Standards & Criteria Common to Sacramento's Historic Districts in Section 1, the following district-specific standards and criteria apply when planning a project in the Winn Park Historic District.

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Winn Park Historic District Plan 364

2. Additions & Accessory Structures
for Contributing Resources

2.1 Avoid additions that make contributing buildings
constructed in horizontally massed or boxlike architectural styles, such as Craftsman or Classic Box, more vertical or that make vertically massed Victorian-era buildings more horizontal.

2.2 Avoid additions that cause a contributing
building’s height to exceed 150% of its historic height. x Use step backs to maintain the existing
street façade height.

3.New (Infill) Construction &
Alterations to Non-Contributing Resources

3.1 Design the scale, massing, and proportions of
new construction to be compatible with those of contributing buildings on the same block. x Where additional height is considered, the
height of new buildings should be no more than 150% of the height of surrounding contributing buildings. x Consider using step backs to maintain the
existing street facade height of adjacent contributing buildings.

3.2 Maintain the visibility of varying building profiles, shapes, and forms in the historic district.
x Avoid designs that result in rows of identical
new buildings.

3.3 Draw inspiration for the design of multi-family
residential properties from contributing multifamily residential properties in the district. x Contributing courtyard apartments and twostory buildings with street-facing entries are appropriate historic precedents.

3.4 Preserve the historic pattern and articulation
of long, narrow 40’ x 160’ parcels, wherever possible.
x Consider breaking down the massing of large
infill developments into smaller masses that reflect the historic lot pattern.

Figure 328. Additions should not cause a building's height to exceed 150% of its historic height.

Figure 329. The height of new buildings should be no more than 150% of the height of surrounding contributing buildings.

Figure 330. Two-story apartment buildings with street-facing entries provide a historic example for integrating multi-family residential buildings into the district.

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Winn Park Historic District Plan 365

3.5 Consider providing covered front porches or
entries at new infill development to preserve the historic district’s visual pattern of porches.

4. Site Features, Streetscape, andLandscaping4.1 Preserve, maintain, and, where necessary, repair and restore historic plantings and landscaping features in Winn Park, including rows of perimeter palms, axial pathways, and historic lights.

4.2 Where street trees consist of a row of trees
of the same species, such as palms, replace removed or diseased trees in kind with the same species or a compatible species at regular intervals in order to maintain the historic tree planting pattern.

4.3 Preserve and maintain, and, where necessary,
repair and restore, historic brick patios in front of properties.

4.4 Avoid creating new curb cuts on lettered streets
in the historic district.
x Locate parking and service access along
alleys, and use landscaping features to screen it from the public right-of-way, wherever possible.

Figure 332. Rows of palms contribute to the historic district’s streetscapes.

Figure 331. Courtyard apartments also provide a historic example for integrating higher density residential housing into the district.

Figure 333. Axial pathways and historic lights are historic landscaping features of Winn Park.

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Winn Park Historic District Plan 366

5.Alley Infill5.1 On a typical unsplit parcel, set back alley infill buildings a minimum of 30 feet from the primary
building on the parcel. If a parcel is split, set back
alley infill buildings a minimum of 15 feet from the lot split.

5.2 Aim to locate alley infill so that it is a minimum of 10 feet from contributing buildings on adjacent parcels.

5.3 The height of alley infill should be no more than
150% of the height of surrounding contributing buildings.

5.4 Draw inspiration for the design of secondary
dwelling units on alleys from historic examples of residential buildings located on alleys within the district.

Figure 334. Historic buildings along alleys in the district provide a historic example for development along alleys.

Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 369 of 476
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Reevaluation Report (LRR) with Project Economic Analysis.” Report, US Army Corps of Engineers, 2011. https://www.spn. usace.army.mil/portals/68/docs/srdwsc/ appendix_e.pdf.

Oak Park Historic District“17.604.210 Criteria and requirements for listing on, and deletion from, the Sacramento Register.” Sacramento City Code. Accessed July 11, 2018. http://www.qcode.us/codes/ sacramento/view.php?topic=17-vi-17_604- ii-17_604_210.

Burg, William. “A Brief History of Oak Park.” Midtown
Monthly, February 1, 2010. http://www.
midtownmonthly.net/life/a-brief-history-ofoak-park/.

Datel, Robin. “Central Oak Park Walking Tour,
Sacramento, California.” Brochure, California State University Sacramento, Department of Geography.

Kangas, Niki. “Joyland.” Midtown Monthly, 1 February
2010. http://www.midtownmonthly.net/ life/joyland/.
“Oak Park Historic District.” Ordinance #2007-094 and
#2008-11, Sacramento Register of historic and cultural resources, 2014.

Old Washington School Historic DistrictBrown, Cyrus G. Map of the City of Sacramento [map]. Scale not given. Sacramento: Cyrus G. Brown Maps and Aero Views Commercial Artists, 1923. Center for Sacramento History. https://www.sacramentohistory.org/search. php?imageid=778.

Burg, William. “Mansion Flats Home Tour.”
Sacramento Press, September 13, 2013. https://sacramentopress.com/2013/09/13/ mansion-flats-home-tour/.

Burg, William. “Sacramento’s Streetcar Suburbs.”
Sacramento History (blog), August 22, 2007. http://sacramentohistory.blogspot. com/2007/08/sacramentos-streetcarsuburbs.html.

Burg, William. Sacramento’s Streetcars. Charleston,
SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2006.
“Running on G Street.” Sacramento Daily Union,
March 7, 1893.

Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza]Historic District“2.2.18 [Cesar Chavez Memorial] Plaza Park/CBD Historic District.” Ordinance # 85-076, Sacramento Register of historic and cultural resources, July 30, 1985, updated May 2014.

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Bibliography 384
Avella, Steven M. Sacramento: Indomitable City. San
Francisco, CA: Arcadia Publishing, 2003.

Boghosian, Paula. “Ruhstaller Building.” National
Register of Historic Places Draft Registration Form, California Office of Historic Preservation, 1981.

Burg, William. Sacramento’s K Street: Where Our City
Was Born. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2012.
“Cesar Chavez Park and Plaza: Sacramento, California.”
American Planning Association, 2012.
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spaces/2012/cesarchavezpark.htm.

Davis, Winfield J. An Illustrated History of Sacramento County, California: Containing a History of Sacramento County from the Earliest Period of its Occupancy to the Present Time, together with Glimpses of its Prospective Future; with Profuse Illustrations of its Beautiful Scenery, Full-Page Portraits of Some of its most Eminent Men, and Biographical Mention of Many of its Pioneers and also of Prominent Citizens of To-day. Chicago: The Lewis Publishing Company: 1890.

Dolugushkin, Michael. “Featured: Sacramento
Restaurants.” Sacramento Room Digital Sacramento Public Library. Accessed September 10, 2018. http://cdm15248. contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/featured.

Insurance Maps of Sacramento California [map]. New
York: Sanborn-Perris Map Co., 1895.

Kassis, Annette. Weinstock’s: Sacramento’s Finest
Department Store. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2012.

Page & Turnbull. “Raised Streets & Hollow Sidewalks.”
Report, Sacramento, CA, 2009.

Sacramento Archives and Museum Collection Center
and the Historic Old Sacramento Foundation.

Old Sacramento and Downtown. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2006. “Your Liver.” Sacramento Daily Union, October 7,
1897. https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=
d&d=SDU18971007.2.49.3&srpos=1&e=----- --en--20-SDU-1--txt-txIN-%22Gogings%22+P laza+Sacramento ------ 1.

Poverty Ridge Historic District“17.604.210 Criteria and requirements for listing on, and deletion from, the Sacramento Register.” Sacramento City Code. Accessed July 11, 2018. http://www.qcode.us/codes/ sacramento/view.php?topic=17-vi-17_604- ii-17_604_210.

Bettis, Rick. “A Brief Overview with Historical
Vignettes.” Sacramento Area Creeks Council, March 8, 1998. http://saccreeks.org/knowyour-creeks/.

Brown, Cyrus G. Map of the City of Sacramento
[map]. Scale not given. Sacramento: Cyrus G. Brown Maps and Aero Views Commercial Artists, 1923. Center for Sacramento History. https://www.sacramentohistory.org/search. php?imageid=778.

Burg, William. “Historic Home Tour in Poverty
Ridge Neighborhood.” Sacramento Press, September 10, 2012. https:// sacramentopress.com/2012/09/10/historichome-tour-in-poverty-ridge-neighborhood/.

Burg, William. Sacramento’s Streetcars. Charleston,
SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2006.
“City Intelligence.” Sacramento Daily Union, June 11,
1868.

Esparza, Jose. “Poverty Ridge Walking Tour.” Brochure,
Sacramento Heritage, Inc., 2018.

Hallam, Nathan. “The Evolution of Sacramento’s
Central City Street Grid.” Master’s thesis, Sonoma State University, 2003. “Poverty Ridge Historic District.” Ordinance # 85-076,
Sacramento Register of historic and cultural resources, July 30, 1985, updated May 2014.

A Resident. “The Cross Levee Once More.” Sacramento
Daily Union, January 14, 1868.

Scarborough, Shawn. “Poverty Ridge Corridor: O
Street Through Broadway.” In Sacramento’s
Midtown. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2006.

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R Street Historic District“17.604.210 Criteria and requirements for listing on, and deletion from, the Sacramento Register.” Sacramento City Code. Accessed July 11, 2018. http://www.qcode.us/codes/ sacramento/view.php?topic=17-vi-17_604- ii-17_604_210.

Avella, Steven M. Sacramento: Indomitable City. San
Francisco, CA: Arcadia Publishing, 2003.
de Courcy, Meg. “R Street Corridor Historic District.”
National Register of Historic Places Draft Registration Form, California Office of Historic Preservation, 2013.

Environmental Science Associates. “R Street Corridor
Historic District Survey Report.” Report, City of Sacramento Preservation Commission, 2017.

Orsi, Richard J. “Railroads and the Urban Environment:

Sacramento’s Story.” In River City and Valley Life: An Environmental History of the Sacramento Region, edited by Christopher J. Castaneda and Lee M.A. Simpson. Pittsburgh:

University of Pittsburgh Press, 2013.

South Side Historic District“17.604.210 Criteria and requirements for listing on, and deletion from, the Sacramento Register.” Sacramento City Code. Accessed July 11, 2018. http://www.qcode.us/codes/ sacramento/view.php?topic=17-vi-17_604- ii-17_604_210. “2.2.29 South Side Historic District.” Ordinance # 85-
076, Sacramento Register of historic and cultural resources, July 30, 1985, updated May 2014.

Avella, Steven M. Sacramento: Indomitable City. San
Francisco, CA: Arcadia Publishing, 2003.

Baker, George Holbrook. A Bird’s-eye view of
Sacramento Capitol of the State of
California [map]. Scale not given.

Sacramento: Fire Department of the City of Sacramento, 1857. California State Library. http://catalog.library.ca.gov/F/N5 1QEK8S9KPLUELYET5XKY7QUQL3PEPRD JMXQ8R1GBIN9VBXDC-36688?func=fullset-set&set_number=004887&set_ entry=000001&format=999.

Burg, William. “Sacramento’s Streetcar Suburbs,
Part 4: East Sacramento and Elmhurst.” Sacramento History (blog), September 5, 2007. http://sacramentohistory.blogspot. com/2007/09/sacramentos-streetcarsuburbs-part-4.html.

Burg, William. Sacramento’s Streetcars. Charleston,
SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2006.

Burg, William. Sacramento’s Southside Park. San
Francisco: Arcadia Publishing, 2007.

Burg, William. “Southside Park.” National Register of
Historic Places Registration Form, California Office of Historic Preservation, 2017. de Courcy, Meg. “R Street Corridor Historic District.”
National Register of Historic Places Draft Registration Form, California Office of Historic Preservation, 2013.

Hallam, Nathan. “The Evolution of Sacramento’s
Central City Street Grid.” Master’s thesis, Sonoma State University, 2003.

Historic Environment Consultants. “Southside Park:

Historical Architectural and Landscape Survey.” Report, City of Sacramento, 2012.

Insurance Maps of Sacramento California [map]. New
York: Sanborn-Perris Map Co., 1895.

Orsi, Richard J. “Railroads and the Urban Environment:

Sacramento’s Story.” In River City and
Valley Life: An Environmental History of the Sacramento Region, edited by Christopher J. Castaneda and Lee M.A. Simpson. Pittsburgh:

University of Pittsburgh Press, 2013.

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“Southside Park Frontage 160x160.” Sacramento
Union, November 30, 1909. https://cdnc.
ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SU19091130 .2.144.7&srpos=143&e= ------ en--20--141-- txt-txIN-%22Southside+Park%22+Sacramen to ------ 1.

Winn Park Historic District“17.604.210 Criteria and requirements for listing on, and deletion from, the Sacramento Register.” Sacramento City Code. Accessed July 11, 2018. http://www.qcode.us/codes/ sacramento/view.php?topic=17-vi-17_604- ii-17_604_210. “All Sacramento Aids in N.S.G.W. Preparations.” San
Francisco Chronicle, September 7, 1917.

Evaluation Committee of Sacramento Heritage, Inc.
“Phase I: Central City Historic Resources Inventory, New Identified Historic Resources” Report, Planning Division, Sacramento Community Development Department, 2000.

Hallam, Nathan. “‘We Must Give the World Confidence
in the Stability and Permanence of the Place:’ Planning Sacramento’s Townsite, 1853-1870.” In River City and Valley Life: An Environmental History of the Sacramento Region, edited by Christopher J. Castaneda and Lee M.A. Simpson. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2013.
“Key Initiatives – Primary Goals of the Association.”
Winn Park Historic District Association. Accessed July 20, 2018. https:// winnparkassociation.org/key-initiatives.
“Ordinance Expanding the Boundaries of the Winn
Park Historic District to Include 1616 21st
Street, 1620 21st Street, and 1624 21st Street
on the Sacramento Register as Contributing Resources (M18-001).” Ordinance, Sacramento City Council, April 10, 2018. “Welcome to the Winn Park Association.” Winn Park
Historic District Association. Accessed July 19, 2018. https://winnparkassociation.org. “Winn Park Selected for Sunday Concert.” Sacramento
Union, June 15, 1915.

Wright, and Kimbrough. “The site for that handsome
home.” Sacramento Union, November 20,
1911.

Wright and Kimbrough advertisement. Sacramento
Union, May 17, 1910.

Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 388 of 476
Appendix A: Sacramento City Code
Chapter 17.604 Historic Preservation
Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 389 of 476
Appendix A: Sacramento City Code Chapter 17.604 Historic Preservation 388 Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalSacramento City Code § 17.604.100 Findings and declaration of purpose.

A. The city council finds and declares that significant aspects of the city’s rich and diverse historic resources deserve recognition and preservation to foster an understanding of our heritage, and to promote the public health and safety and the economic and general welfare of the people of the city. The preservation and continued use of historic resources are effective tools to sustain and revitalize neighborhoods and business districts within the city, enhance the city’s economic, cultural and aesthetic standing, its identity and its livability, marketability and urban character.

B. The city council further finds and declares that the purpose of this chapter is as follows:

1. To establish a city preservation program, commission and staff, to implement the preservation element of the city’s general plan;

2. To provide mechanisms, through surveys, nominations and other available means, to identify significant historic, prehistoric and cultural resources, structures, districts, sites, landscapes and properties within the city;

3. To provide mechanisms and procedures to protect and encourage the preservation of the city’s historic and cultural resources; and

4. To provide standards, criteria and processes, consistent with state and federal preservation standards and criteria, for the identification, protection and assistance in the preservation, maintenance and use of historic and cultural resources.

C. The city council further finds and declares that the administrative responsibilities of the preservation program established under this chapter shall be assigned to a preservation commission, a preservation director, and preservation staff as follows:

1. The preservation commission’s primary responsibilities are to develop and recommend to the council preservation policies appropriate for inclusion in the general plan and other regulatory plans and programs of the city and to provide oversight relative to the maintenance and integrity of the Sacramento Register of historic and cultural resources. The preservation commission shall review, nominate and make recommendations to the council on properties eligible for listing in the Sacramento Register as landmarks, historic districts and contributing resources as set forth in this chapter. The preservation commission’s role in reviewing development projects shall be limited to hearing projects of major significance and appeals of the preservation director’s decisions as set forth in this chapter.

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Appendix A: Sacramento City Code Chapter 17.604 Historic Preservation 389 Sacramento Historic District Plans Final

2. The primary responsibilities of the preservation director shall be to manage the preservation program; conduct surveys; make preliminary determinations relative to properties’ eligibility for listing on the Sacramento Register, the potential for listing on the California Register relative to discretionary development project review under CEQA, and maintain and update the Sacramento Register; review and take action on development project applications as set forth in this title; manage incentive programs as established by the council; and advise property owners, the public, city departments, and other governmental agencies on preservation standards and incentives.

3. The primary responsibilities of the preservation staff under the general direction of the preservation director shall be to coordinate surveys, inventories, and nominations to the Sacramento Register, make recommendations to the preservation director on the eligibility of properties for listing on the Sacramento Register and California Register relative to discretionary development project review and relative to proposals to demolish structures 50 years old and older, and review and take action on development project applications, as set forth in this chapter.

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Appendix A: Sacramento City Code Chapter 17.604 Historic Preservation 390 Sacramento City Code § 17.604.210 Criteria and requirements for listing on, and deletion from, the Sacramento Register.

B. Listing on the Sacramento Register—Historic districts. A geographic area nominated as a historic district shall be listed on the Sacramento Register as a historic district if the city council finds, after holding the hearing required by this chapter, that all of the requirements set forth below are satisfied:

1. Requirements.
a. The area is a geographically definable area; or b. The area possesses either:
i. A significant concentration or continuity of buildings unified by: (A) past events or (B) aesthetically by plan or physical development; or ii. The area is associated with an event, person, or period significant or important to city history; or
c. The designation of the geographic area as a historic district is reasonable, appropriate and necessary to protect, promote and further the goals and purposes of this chapter and is not inconsistent with other goals and policies of the city.

2. Factors to be considered. In determining whether to list a geographic area on the Sacramento Register as a historic district, the following factors shall be considered:
a. A historic district should have integrity of design, setting, materials, workmanship and association;
b. The collective historic value of the buildings and structures in a historic district taken together may be greater than the historic value of each individual building or structure.

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Appendix A: Sacramento City Code Chapter 17.604 Historic Preservation 391 C. Listing on the Sacramento Register—Contributing resources. A nominated resource shall be listed on the Sacramento Register as a contributing resource if the council finds, after holding the hearing required by this chapter, that all of the following requirements are satisfied:

1. The nominated resource is within a historic district; 2. The nominated resource either embodies the significant features and characteristics of the historic district or adds to the historical associations, historical architectural qualities or archaeological values identified for the historic district;

3. The nominated resource was present during the period of historical significance of the historic district and relates to the documented historical significance of the historic district;

4. The nominated resource either possesses historic integrity or is capable of yielding important information about the period of historical significance of the historic district; and

5. The nominated resource has important historic or architectural worth, and its designation as a contributing resource is reasonable, appropriate and necessary to protect, promote and further the goals and purposes of this chapter.

D. Deletions from the Sacramento Register. An application to delete a listed historic resource from the Sacramento Register may be approved if the city council finds, after holding the hearings required by this chapter, that the listed historic resource no longer meets the requirements set forth above; provided that where a landmark or contributing resource is proposed for deletion due to a loss of integrity, the loss of integrity was not the result of any illegal act or willful neglect by the owner or agent of the owner.

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Appendix A: Sacramento City Code Chapter 17.604 Historic Preservation 392 Sacramento City Code § 17.604.300 Historic district plans.

A. The preservation commission shall promulgate and recommend to the council for adoption a historic district plan for each preservation area existing as of the date of enactment of Ordinance No. 2006-063, and for each historic district designated pursuant to this chapter. Each historic district plan shall include:
 A statement of the goals for review of development projects within the historic district;  A representation of the historical development of land uses, existing land uses, and any adopted plans for future land uses;
 A statement of findings, including the following:
a. The historical or pre-historical period to which the area is significant; b. The predominant periods or styles of the structures or features therein; c. The significant features and characteristics of such periods or styles, as represented in the historic district, including, but not limited to, structure height, bulk, distinctive architectural details, materials, textures, archeological and landscape features and fixtures; and d. A statement, consistent with article II, of the standards and criteria to be utilized in determining the appropriateness of any development project involving a landmark, contributing resource or noncontributing resource within the historic district.

B. The preservation commission shall conduct a public hearing or hearings on the proposed historic district plan. The procedures set forth in article II shall govern the preservation commission’s review and action on any proposed historic district plan. At the conclusion of the hearing, the preservation commission may affirm, modify or rescind any portions of the proposed historic district plan. A notice of decision and recommendations in support thereof shall be filed in the office of the preservation director.

C. The preservation director shall transmit the preservation commission’s recommended historic district plan to the city clerk for the council’s review. The procedures set forth in article II shall govern the city council’s action on any proposed historic district plan. No historic district plan shall be considered adopted unless it has been approved by the council.

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Appendix B: Methodology
Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 395 of 476
Appendix B: Methodology 394
Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalMethodologyProject BackgroundPage & Turnbull prepared the Historic District Plans in collaboration with the City of Sacramento staff, the City’s Preservation Commission, members of the public, architectural historians, and architecture and planning professionals. This Sacramento Historic District Plans document utilizes and is based upon the terminology, criteria, requirements, and definitions set by the 2018-2019 Sacramento City Code. It does not draw conclusions or make recommendations based on terminology that was used during survey work in the 1970s or in the 1985 preservation ordinance.

At the start of the Historic District Plans project, Sacramento had 32 historic districts. Page & Turnbull focused on 29 of those districts (two have since been delisted due to lack of integrity), which required updated documentation to meet the Sacramento City Code requirements. The Historic District Plans was completed in two phases: the Historic Contexts & Surveys phase and the Standards & Criteria phase, which have been primarily combined in Sections 1 and 2 of the document. Page & Turnbull and the City of Sacramento took all photographs and created all drawings in 2018 and 2019, unless otherwise noted. All maps were created by the City of Sacramento with assistance from Page & Turnbull. The following methodology discusses the different components of the process in detail.

Historic Contexts & Surveys
Phase
The Historic Contexts & Surveys phase of the project addressed the need for a consistent approach to defining each of the historic districts’ historic context, significance evaluation, period of significance, predominant architectural styles and property types from the period of significance, character-defining features, and contributing and non-contributing resources. This information helps design professionals and members of the design community understand how each district developed over time so that they can create design approaches that consider the historic context early in the design process.

To develop this portion of the Historic District Plans, Page & Turnbull began by reviewing existing planning policies and documents, historic contexts, and available background information. Page & Turnbull summarized the city-wide historic context and developed individual historic contexts, significance evaluations, and periods of significance for the districts based on the review of existing documentation and additional research. This was then used to inform the 2018 historic districts surveys that ultimately confirmed the significance and period of significance of each district; determined character-defining features and contributing and non-contributing resources; and shaped recommendations for the historic districts that were provided to the City. This was all compiled in the Administrative Draft of the Sacramento Historic District Plans: Historic Contexts & Surveys Portion.

Brief Historic Districts Contexts
Development
Page & Turnbull prepared the brief historic district contexts for each of the historic districts using existing documentation and additional research collected at various local repositories, including the Sacramento Community Development Department; Sacramento County Assessor’s Office; and Sacramento Public Library, Sacramento Room; as well as various online sources, including the California Digital Newspaper Collection, Ancestry.com, SacramentoHistory. org, LincolnHighwayAssoc.org, CAHighways.org, CapitolMuseum.ca.gov, and Sacramento Community Development Tracker. Key primary sources consulted and cited include Sanborn-Perris Map Company and Sanborn Map Company fire insurance maps, Sacramento city directories, historic newspaper and magazine articles, city and state planning documents, and historic photographs from several repositories.

Significance EvaluationsIn order to provide a current evaluation of significance for each historic district based on the brief historic context, Page & Turnbull referred to the criteria and requirements for listing on, and deletion from, the Sacramento Register set forth in the Sacramento City Code, as well as existing ordinances and previous historic evaluations.

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Appendix B: Methodology 395
Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalPeriod of Significance

Determinations
A period of significance is the time span during which
the historic district attained its historic significance. Page & Turnbull developed the period of significance for each historic district based on the brief historic district context, as well as existing ordinances and previous historic evaluations that had identified a period of significance. Page & Turnbull confirmed these dates after reviewing the historic district survey results.

Historic Districts SurveysPage & Turnbull worked with City staff to develop a digital platform that integrated existing assessor’s and GIS data for use in a new in-field survey effort of the historic districts and for later integration into the City’s database. Between July and September 2018, Page & Turnbull surveyed the historic districts after drafting individual district historic context statements. Four different types of surveys were conducted, depending upon the quality and availability of data that had already been compiled for each district:
x For “property by property” surveys, a team
conducted in-field documentation at each parcel to note property type, architectural style, categorization of high or low level of physical integrity based upon integrity thresholds, and any distinctive alterations or elements of note. In addition, a digital photograph was taken of each property and representative relationships, streetscapes, public/open space Historic District Name Ordinance No. Date Type of Survey Completed 1 1200-1300 Q Street 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 2 12th Street Commercial 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 3 20th and N Street 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 4 Alkali Flat Central 2004-048 9/7/2004 Reconnaissance 5 Alkali Flat North 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 6 Alkali Flat South 2004-048 9/7/2004 Reconnaissance 7 Alkali Flat West 2004-048 9/7/2004 Reconnaissance 8 Boulevard Park 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 9 Bungalow Row 2004-009 3/23/2004 Reconnaissance 10 C Street Commercial 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 11 C Street Industrial 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 12 Capitol 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 13 Capitol Mansions 2004-009 3/23/2004 Reconnaissance 14 Cathedral Square 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 15 Central Shops 2007-103 12/11/2007 Historic District Plan is being completed as part of redevelopment project
16 East End
(formerly Capitol Avenue)
85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property
17 Fremont Park 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 18 Historic City Cemetery 2012-038 9/4/2012 Historic Landscape Plan is being completed by working group
19 Marshall Park 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 20 Memorial Auditorium 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 21 Merchant Street 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 22 New Washington School (formerly Washington School)
85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property
23 Newton Booth 2015-0012 7/12/2015 No survey-review and photograph only 24 North 16th Street 2011-011 2/15/2011 No survey-review and photograph only 25 Oak Park 2007-094 12/4/2007 No survey-review and photograph only 26 Old Washington School (formerly Washington)
85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property
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Sacramento Historic District Plans Final
and features of the historic district.
x For “reconnaissance surveys,” a team
conducted a windshield survey to confirm previous survey findings and document relevant character-defining features of the district. Digital photographs were taken of representative relationships, streetscapes, public/open spaces and features of the historic district. Individual properties were not photographed. x For “no survey, review and photograph only,” a
teamtook digital photographs of representative
relationships, streetscapes, public/open space and features of the historic district. Individual properties were not photographed. x “Exempt” properties were those that have
sufficient information, are in the progress of having their historic district plans developed, and/or are not within the City’s jurisdiction.

Historic District Name Ordinance No. Date Type of Survey Completed 27 Plaza Park [Cesar Chavez Plaza]
(formerly [Cesar Chavez Memorial] Plaza Park/CBD Historic District) 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property
28 Poverty Ridge 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 29 R Street 85-076 7/30/1985 No survey-review and photograph only 30 Sacramento City College 96-009 4/2/1996 Exempt – City does not have jurisdiction 31 South Side 85-076 7/30/1985 Property by property 32 Winn Park 2004-009 3/23/2004 Reconnaissance Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 398 of 476
Appendix B: Methodology 397
Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalCharacter-DefiningFeatures Determinations
Character-defining features are essential physical elements that enable a historic district and its contributing resources to convey their collective historic identity. These features must be evident for contributing resources to retain their status on the
Sacramento Register. These distinctive physical traits
commonly recur in property types, architectural styles, property landscapes, and streetscapes. A historic district and its contributing resources must clearly contain enough of those characteristics to be considered a true representative example of a particular type, period, or method of construction, and these features must also retain a sufficient degree of integrity. Characteristics can be expressed in terms such as form, proportion, structure, plan, style, or materials. Page & Turnbull developed the character-defining features for each district based on
the district’s historic context, significance evaluation, period of significance, field survey, existing ordinances, and previous historic evaluations.

Contributing & Non-Contributing Resources DeterminationsPage & Turnbull also used information compiled from the district’s historic context, significance evaluation, period of significance, field survey, character-defining features, existing ordinance, and previous evaluations to produce a list of contributing and non-contributing resources for each district. Eighteen of the surveyed districts required a new list of contributors; six required confirmation of an earlier, existing list of contributors; and five had a current and up-to-date list of contributors. For each of the districts that required a new list of contributors, Page & Turnbull referred to the section of the Sacramento City Code for listing contributing resources on the Sacramento Register to determine contributing and non-contributing resources. Properties are required to meet all of the criteria under this code section to be designated as contributors to the historic district.

RecommendationsBased on the district’s historic context, significance evaluation, period of significance, field survey, character-defining features, and list of contributing resources, Page & Turnbull offered recommendations
(when appropriate) for revisions to the district’s boundaries, name, period of significance, and character-defining features. In some cases, the recommendations called for the removal of a district from the Sacramento Register due to lack of integrity.

These recommendations were provided in order to satisfy the criteria set forth in the Sacramento City Code.

Standards & Criteria PhaseThe second phase of the project consisted of the Standards & Criteria phase. Many of the City of Sacramento’s existing historic districts are in geographical proximity to each other, within the Central City areas, and are facing new development pressures. To serve the City’s planning efforts and better align with best practices in preservation, the standards and criteria are provided to manage change in the historic districts in a way that protects Sacramento’s history and character.

For this phase of the project, Page & Turnbull began by reviewing the city’s existing design standards and guidelines documents as well as other strong precedents, such as the “Interim Infill Principles for the Protection of Historic Districts and Landmarks with Respect to Infill Development within the Central City.” Additional information sources – including field observations, historic photographs, and Sanborn fire insurance maps – were used to inform standards and criteria for specific types of alterations or developments, such as setbacks for alley infill.

The document review, the Historic Contexts & Surveys
Portion, and the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring and Reconstructing Historic Buildings were all then utilized to develop the Standards & Criteria Common to Sacramento’s Historic Districts in Section 1 and the District-Specific Standards & Criteria for each historic district in the individual Historic District Plans of Section 2. The Historic Contexts & Surveys Portion was joined with the Standards & Criteria Portion Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 399 of 476
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalWork completed as part of the Historic Contexts & Surveys phase and the Standards & Criteria phase was joined to create the Administrative Draft of the Sacramento Historic District Plans. The Public Draft of the Sacramento Historic District Plans was published in May 2019, followed by a Final Draft in August 2019 to address public comments. The final document of the Sacramento Historic District Plans was published in September 2019.

Public OutreachThroughout the course of this project, the City and Page & Turnbull incorporated input from the local community. On June 20, 2018, Page & Turnbull presented the project scope and approach before the Preservation Commission. The City sent notices to property owners in the historic districts that would be surveyed to inform them of the project. Over a period of several months, City staff conducted public outreach meetings with neighborhood associations, local preservation organizations, and members of the design community to introduce the project and seek input on values and priorities to be addressed in the Historic District Plans. An online survey was also made available on the City’s website to seek additional input from the community.

On December 6, 2018, the City and Page & Turnbull hosted the first of two public workshops. The project team gave a presentation on the Historic District Plans, including an overview, approach, and summary of findings based on the Public Draft of the Sacramento Historic District Plans: Historic Contexts & Surveys Portion. Afterwards, two group activities provided the project team with public feedback on the Historic Contexts & Surveys Portion as well as the then developing Standards & Criteria Portion.

On May 15, 2019, the City and Page & Turnbull presented the Public Draft of the Sacramento Historic District Plans, which included the Standards & Criteria Portion, to the Preservation Commission for review and comment. This was followed by a second public workshop on May 30, 2019, during which the project team presented the Public Draft of the Sacramento Historic District Plans to members of the local community. Two group activities and a Q&A session that followed allowed the project team to gather feedback from the public about the proposed standards and criteria. This feedback was carefully considered by the project team and used to inform and produce the final draft and final documents of the Sacramento Historic District Plans.

Figure 1. The public participated in a workshop in December 2018.

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Tips & Tools
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalGlossary of TermsAwning window: A top-hinged window that swings the bottom edge outward; designed especially to admit air while excluding rain.

Baluster: Small turned or cut out posts that form a railing. Bay window: The common term for a minor projection containing a window that extends beyond the surrounding façade plane. Bracket: A feature that supports, or appears to support, a projecting element such as cornice, eave, or window hood. Building, height of: The vertical dimension measured from the average elevation of the finished lot grade at the front of the building to the plate line, where the roof meets the wall (Sacramento City Code § 17.108.030) Cartouche: A decorative relief located on a façade, often of molded stucco and representing a shield or crest Casement window: A window with the sash hinged on the jamb (vertical side member). Clerestory window: A high section of a wall that contains windows above eye level; the purpose is to admit light, fresh air, or both. Clinker brick: A very hard-burnt brick whose shape is distorted, owing to nearly complete vitrification. Cornice: The common name for the decorative projecting element at the top of a façade; commonly bracketed and located above a frieze.

Dentils: Small tooth-like blocks set in rows (dentil
courses) used in Classical cornices.

Dormer: A minor projection on a pitched roof, usually
bearing a window on its front face. Dormers can have
a variety of roof forms.

Eave: The lower edge of a roof slope that intersects with the exterior wall. Façade: An exterior building face. Façade plane: The predominant plane at which the physical features of a façade are arranged. Fenestration: The physical arrangement of windows on a building’s exterior walls. Fixed window: A window sash that does not move or open.

Gable: The upper area of an exterior wall that is located between the roof slopes. Half-timbering: Exposed wood framing infilled with contrasting materials, such as plaster or masonry. In the Tudor Revival style, false half-timbering is used for aesthetic rather than structural purposes.

High basement: A basement that has been built partly
or entirely above grade.

Hipped roof: A roof form where all sides slope between the roof ridge and eaves. Historicist architecture: Architecture that is heavily influenced by past movements, sometimes freely interpreted.

Hitching post: A fixed post to which a horse or other animal may be tethered to prevent it from straying.

Hollow sidewalk: A sidewalk built over a hollow, often vaulted, space formed by a street retaining wall, building wall, two end walls, ceiling, and floor.

Hung sash window: A window in which one or more sashes move vertically. Hyphen: A minor volume that connects two larger volumes. Infill: New construction located within an existing, historic setting. Landscape: The physical and aesthetic setting of a place, typically defined by natural features but also incorporating spatial relationships, views, furnishings, and circulation routes.

Lap siding, Clapboard siding: A siding material consisting of narrow wood boards applied horizontally, with the lower edge overlapping the board below.

Lite: A piece of glass located within a window. Massing: The distribution of a building’s volume through space.

Muntin: A narrow member that separates the lites within a window sash. Parapet: The area of a building’s exterior walls where they extend above a roof; it can be flat or stepped/ shaped.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalParking strip: The narrow area containing grass, plantings, or paving that is located between a roadway and its parallel sidewalk.

Pier: An upright support, either free standing or part of a wall. Pilaster: Decorative features that imitate engaged piers but are not supporting structures, as arectangular or semicircular member used as a simulated pillar in entrances and other door opening; often contains a base, shaft, and capital; may be constructed as a projection of the wall itself.

Porch: A component of a building that shelters a building entrance and contains occupiable space. Portico: An exterior structure that shelters a building entrance; it is differentiated by a porch because it covers only the entrance and stoop and does not contain occupiable space. Post and beam: A type of timber construction in which vertical posts and horizontal beams create a framework that carries both the floor and roof loads. Purlin: A piece of timber laid horizontally on the principal rafters of a roof to support the common rafters on which the roof covering is laid. Rafter tail: The exterior expression of a roof structure below the eaves. Rafter tails are sometimes applied decorative elements and commonly have shaped or scrolled ends.

Ribbon window: On the façade of a building, a horizontal band of at least three windows, separated only by mullions.

Rusticated: Cut stone having strongly emphasized recessed joints and smooth or roughly textured block faces.

Setback: The distance between a property line and a building, especially at the front of a lot. Shed roof: A roof form characterized by a single slope.

Sidelight: Any window that flanks a door; typically a tall narrow window that spans the full height or partial height of the door.

Spatial relationship: The three-dimensional
arrangement and patterns of built and natural features that define and create visual links, barriers, open spaces, and groupings or clusters of buildings.

Spindlework: Wood details having circular cross sections, such as balusters turned on a lathe. Streetscape: The visual character of a roadway’s setting, including paving, plant life, and adjacent buildings and structures. Stucco: An exterior finish composed of some combination of portland cement, lime and sand, which are mixed with water and applied to a wall in a wet coating and allowed to dry. Surface-to-void ratio: The proportional relationship between solid wall areas and window/door openings.

Tongue and groove: A type of wood siding in which each board has a thin ridge along one edge (the “tongue”) and a slot (the “groove”) on the other; the boards fit close together, nearly flush.

Transom: A horizontal member, usually of wood or stone, that separates a door from a window, fanlight, or panel above it; or a window located directly above a door.

Upping stone: A block of stone or concrete, often placed near the edge of the street, that aided a passenger in mounting or dismounting a horse or carriage. Window frame: The overall framework that surrounds and supports the entire window (including the window sash) - comprised of the head (top), jambs (sides), and sill (bottom).

Window sash: The frame that contains the glazing (glass panes); the window sash may be operable (movable). Wrought-iron work: Iron that is hammered or forged into shape, usually decorative, either when the metal is hot or cold.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalAdditional ResourcesSecretary of the Interior’s Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring and Reconstruction Historic BuildingsTheSecretaryoftheInterior’sGuidelinesforPreserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring and Reconstructing Historic Buildings (Secretary’s Guidelines) offer general design and technical recommendations to assist in applying the Secretary’s Standards to a specific property.

Together with the Secretary’s Standards, they provide a framework and guidance for decision-making about changes to a historic property. Again, the Rehabilitation Guidelines are the ones most often used, but principles from each can guide specific aspects of project. For example, if the project is reconstructing an original element that has been lost, the Reconstruction Guidelines would be most relevant. For more information, please see:
x Secretary’s Standards: https://www.nps.gov/
tps/standards.htm
x Standards for Rehabilitation, https://www.
nps.gov/tps/standards/four-treatments/ treatment-rehabilitation.htm x Secretary’s Guidelines, https://www.nps.gov/
tps/standards/treatment-guidelines-2017.pdf
x Guidelines on Sustainability, https://www.nps.
gov/tps/standards/rehabilitation/guidelines/ index.htm
National Park Service Technical
Guidance Documents
The National Park Service (NPS) prepared guidance on how to interpret and apply the Secretary’s Standards and Guidelines. These publications include Preservation Briefs, Preservation Tech Notes, and Interpreting the Standards (ITS) Bulletins available on the NPS website: https://www.nps.gov/tps/ standards.htm. They provide valuable guidance to supplement the Historic District Plans and the public is encouraged to consult them while planning projects. The following are selected NPS publications. Energy Efficiency:
x Weatherization and Improving Energy
Efficiency of Historic Buildings, https://www.
nps.gov/tps/sustainability/energy-efficiency/ weatherization.htm Exterior Woodwork:
x Tech Note: Paint Removal from Wood Siding.

Alan O’Bright. 1986, https://www.nps.gov/
tps/how-to-preserve/tech-notes/Tech-NotesExterior02.pdf Historic Districts:
x Working on the Past in Local Historic Districts,
https://www.nps.gov/tps/education/ workingonthepast/index.htm Maintenance:
x Preservation Brief 47: Maintaining the Exterior
of Small and Medium Size Historic Buildings,
https://www.nps.gov/tps/how-to-preserve/ briefs/47-maintaining-exteriors.htm Masonry (brick, stone, concrete, etc.):
x A Glossary of Historic Masonry Deterioration
Problems and Preservation Treatments,
https://www.nps.gov/tps/how-to-preserve/ preservedocs/Historic-Masonry-Deterioration. pdf x Keep It Clean: Removing Exterior Dirt, Paint,
Stains, and Graffiti from Historic Masonry Buildings, https://www.nps.gov/tps/how-topreserve/preservedocs/Keeping-It-Clean.pdf Mechanical Systems:
x ITS 51: Installing New Systems in Historic
Buildings, https://www.nps.gov/tps/
standards/applying-rehabilitation/itsbulletins/ITS51-HistoricBuilding-NewSystems. pdf Additions:
x Preservation Brief 14: New Exterior Additions
to Historic Buildings: Preservation Concerns,
https://www.nps.gov/tps/how-to-preserve/ briefs/14-exterior-additions.htm x ITS 37: Rear Additions to Historic Houses,
https://www.nps.gov/tps/standards/applyingrehabilitation/its-bulletins/ITS37-HousesRearAdditions.pdf Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 404 of 476
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalSolar Panels:
x Solar Panels on Historic Properties, https://
www.nps.gov/tps/sustainability/newtechnology/solar-on-historic.htm x ITS 52: Incorporating Solar Panels in a
Rehabilitation Project, https://www.nps.gov/
tps/standards/applying-rehabilitation/itsbulletins/ITS52-SolarPanels.pdf Windows:
x Preservation Brief 13: The Repair and Thermal
Upgrading of Historic Steel Windows, https://
www.nps.gov/tps/how-to-preserve/briefs/13- steel-windows.htm x Tech Note: Maintenance and Repair of Historic
Aluminum Windows. Karen R. Staveteig. 2008,
https://www.nps.gov/tps/how-to-preserve/ tech-notes/Tech-Notes-Windows22.pdf x “Saving Windows, Saving Money.” Preservation
Green Lab of the National Trust for Historic Preservation. http://forum.savingplaces.org/ HigherLogic/System/DownloadDocumentFile. ashx?DocumentFileKey=bf32a244-b322-3e11- a93c-2d3a1d4ed243&forceDialog=0 x “Repair and Upgrade Windows and Doors.”
National Park Service. https://www.nps.
gov/tps/sustainability/energy-efficiency/ weatherization/windows-doors.htm x “Replacement Windows that Meet the
Standards.” National Park Service. https://
www.nps.gov/tps/standards/applyingrehabilitation/successful-rehab/windowsreplacement.htm CodesCalifornia Historic Building Code. California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 8. California Solar Rights Act. California Civil Code. Section 714 and 714.1. California Public Resource Code, Division 15, Chapter 12 – Solar Shade Control, 25980-25986. Sacramento City Code. Chapter 17.604 – Historic Preservation.

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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalProperty Types & Architectural Styles Common to Sacramento’s Historic DistrictsThis section provides information on the common property types, architectural styles, and characterdefining features of contributing resources within the historic districts.

Common Property TypesThe following list contains the common property types that were included in the 2018 Historic District Plans survey. These property types were used to record the historic and current use of individual properties within the surveyed historic districts. In some cases, more than one property type may apply to an individual property. x Residential
o Support Structures: (e.g. carriage barns)
x Commercial
x Industrial x Institutional/Civic
x Agricultural
x Recreational
x Transportation x Monument (Object/Structure) x Unknown x Vacant Lot
x Parking Lot
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Sacramento Historic District Plans FinalCommon Architectural StylesThe architectural styles listed below represent those frequently found in Sacramento’s historic districts and therefore noted during the 2018 historic districts surveys. The names and terminology used to describe these styles are derived from Virginia Savage McAlester’s A Field Guide to American Houses and Richard Longstreth’s The Buildings of Main Street. The architectural style of a building often shows its original designer’s or builder’s concern for following the fashions of the time, while a building’s form, as summarized in the following section, relates to its general shape and size. One or more architectural style may be applied to a particular building form.

Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Greek Revival 1850-1860 x A romantic style based on the classic orders of architecture x Simple detailing
x Flat-arched openings x Low-pitched gable roofs, often front-facing x Wide entablatures and eave returns
x Classical decorative elements, such as porticos or porches supported by Classical columns x The style was frequently employed for institutions, commercial and domestic buildings Gothic Revival 1850-1925 x A revival style inspired by medieval European religious architecture x Pointed arched openings for both doors and windows
x Asymmetrical massing x Steeply pitched gable roofs x Decorative bargeboards at the eaves x Moldings and hoods over the doors and windows
x Gothic decorative elements such as tracery
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Italianate 1870s- 1880s x Victorian style that uses elements of Roman or Italian classical decoration x Straight rooflines x Dominant two-story angled bay windows x Low-pitched roofs with overhanging eaves and decorative brackets beneath x Picturesque asymmetry x Moldings and hoods over doors/windows x Windows commonly arched or curved above x Horizontal wood siding
Second Empire 1855-1885 x A Victorian style
x Mansard roof with dormer windows on steep lower slope x Molded cornices normally bound the lower roof slope above and below x Decorative brackets beneath eaves x Some have rectangular or square towers x Paired windows Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 408 of 476
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Stick/Eastlake 1880s-1890s x A Victorian style
x Geometrical, flat ornament x Dominant two-story square bay windows x Brackets or braces, including extended brackets x Superficial cross bracing, half-timbering and diagonal bracing on the exterior (stickwork) x Front-facing gables with decorative trusses at apex
x Incised ornament x Turned columns that are rarely Classical x Turned wood work, like spindles, beads and buttons
Queen Anne 1880s-1900 x A Victorian style
x Steep roofs of irregular shape
x A variety of siding, including patterned and fishscale shingles x Square, round, and octagonal towers x Plaster and wood clad exteriors, sometimes with floral or sunburst motifs x Turned porch posts and spindlework x Stained and leaded glass windows in diverse shapes x One-story porches Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 409 of 476
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Shingle 1880-1915 x A Victorian style
x Wood shingle siding with no interruption at corners
x General symmetry with bulges and projections
x Steeply pitched roofs x Intersecting gables x Restrained, small-scale x Ornamentation x Decorative details with a Classical flavor, such as Palladian windows Romanesque Revival 1880s-1900s x A revival style
x Round arched openings
x Masonry walls, usually rough-faced
x Corbels and corbel tables x Ornament derived from European churches x Red brick with terra cotta trim as siding
x Rusticated bases x The style was used for commercial buildings, churches, schools, hospitals, institutions, houses and apartment buildings
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Folk Victorian 1870-1910 x A Victorian style
x Porches with spindlework or flat, jig-saw cut trim
x National Folk (post-railroad) house form
x Symmetrical façade x Cornice-line brackets
Colonial Revival 1880-1955 x A revival style inspired by American Colonial architecture of the 17th and 18th centuries x Classical ornamentation
x Strict symmetry with a central entry
x Prominent entries with decorative hoods or porticos featuring pilasters or columns, sidelights and fanlights
x Double-hung windows with multi-pane glazing x Windows frequently in adjacent pairs x Side-gabled roofs x Brick or wood lap siding
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Neoclassical 1895-1955 x Greek or Roman-inspired architecture typically used in civic or institutional settings x Broad, symmetrical profiles
x Multi-story columns with Doric, Ionic, or Corinthian capitals x Dominant temple-front porticos with large triangular pediments x Balustraded cornices x May have a central dome1
1 “Classical/Classical Revival/Neo-Classical: an architectural style guide,” RIBA Architecture, accessed October 12, 2018, https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-resources/knowledge-landing-page/classical-classical-revival-neoclassical. Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 412 of 476 Sacramento Historic District Plans Final
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Classical Revival 1850-1955 x A revival style with an emphasis on the Classical orders of architecture x Symmetry and simple wall surfaces with minimal ornamentation x Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, or Tuscan columns
x Large windows with lintels or pediments
x Can be found in high-style and vernacular varieties, such as the Neoclassical Rowhouse Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 413 of 476
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Tudor 1890s-1940 x A revival style that derives elements from Elizabethan-era architecture x Steeply pitched, side-gabled roofs with prominent cross gables, and close-cropped eaves x Roofs clad with slate, clay tiles, or shake shingles x Decorative half timbering, parapeted gables and bargeboards x Diverse wall cladding, including smooth or textured stucco, brick and/or stone and wood clapboard or shingles
x Tall, narrow casement windows in groups with multi-paned glazing x Massive chimneys, sometimes crowned by decorative chimney pots x Front door or entry porch with round or Tudor arch Beaux Arts 1880s- 1920s x Style derived from the classical architecture of Greece and Rome with an architectural vocabulary that includes both the substantial traditional Classical elements and more delicate and ornate motifs x Symmetrical façade and building plan
x Stone, brick, or concrete masonry
x Wall surfaces with decorative garlands, floral patterns, and shields x Façade with quoins, pilasters, or columns
x Egg and dart moldings, Greek key fretwork x Cornices with modillions and dentils x Commonly associated with institutional buildings, public buildings, schools, and occasionally houses
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
French Eclectic 1915-1945 x A revival style inspired by French domestic architecture x Tall, steeply pitched roof (usually hipped) without dominant front-facing cross gable x Eaves commonly flared upward at roof-wall junction x Segmental arch on doors, windows, or dormers x Brick, stone, or stucco wall cladding, sometimes with decorative half-timbering Italian Renaissance 1880s-1935 x A revival style that plays on the aesthetics of the Italian Renaissance x Rectilinear facades x Round arched windows
x Windows surmounted by pediments of varying or alternating shapes (round or triangular) x Quoining at the corners x Belt courses x High basement or ground stories x Rusticated bases x Classical ornamentation like columns and entablatures x Low-pitched hipped roof covered with ceramic tiles and widely overhanging eaves x Upper windows smaller than lower windows Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 415 of 476
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Mission 1890-1920 x A revival style that applies elements of Spanish Colonial religious architecture x Mission-shaped dormer or roof parapets x Red tile roof covering x Broad, overhanging eaves, usually open x Porch roofs supported by large, square piers, typically with arched openings x Smooth stucco wall surfaces
Spanish Revival 1915-1940 x A revival style that combines many types of Spanish architecture, including Moorish, Byzantine, Gothic, and Renaissance
x Low-pitched roofs clad in red tiles
x Asymmetrical primary façade
x Smooth stucco wall surface
x Arched window and door surrounds x Wood plank doors
x Arcaded covered porch
x Decorative vents on gabled ends x Twisted spiral columns x Ornamental plaques
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Monterey 1925-1955 x A revival style based on Anglo-influenced Spanish Colonial architecture found in Northern California
x Typically two stories in height x Low-pitched gable roof, occasionally hipped x Broad, dominant second-story balcony, usually cantilevered and covered by principal roof x Smooth stucco wall surfaces
Mediterranean Revival 1920s-1950s x A revival style that draws its general form and details from Mediterranean villas x Clay tile roofs or shaped parapets x Stucco clad walls, often stark white or pastel colored x Exterior ornament that includes ornate doors, door surrounds, unique window patterns, and applied medallions
x Bay or bow windows
x Wrought iron balconies or balconettes2
2 Cyril M. Harris, American Architecture: An Illustrated Encyclopedia (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1998), 211. Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 417 of 476 Sacramento Historic District Plans Final
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Prairie 1910-1920 x An early-modern style first popularized by Frank Lloyd Wright and his contemporaries in the suburbs of Chicago
x Low-pitched roof, usually hipped x Broad, overhanging eaves, typically boxed x Two stories with one-story wings, porches, and porte cocheres x Eaves, cornices, and façade details emphasizing horizontal lines x Massive, square porch supports
Craftsman 1900-1930 x An early-modern style rooted in the Arts and Crafts movement x Broad overhanging eaves x Rafter and purlin tails, roof beams, and knee brackets x Windows with asymmetrical muntin patterns
x Wood lap or shingle siding or other natural cladding materials x Tapered porch piers x Exterior chimneys clad in stone or clinker bricks Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 418 of 476
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Art Deco 1920s-1930s x A modernistic style characterized by smooth wall surfaces, usually stucco x Sharp or angular lines
x Stylized geometric decoration, including zigzags, chevrons, and botanical motifs x Towers and vertical projections above the roofline
x Ornamental designs derived from a variety of sources including Egyptian, Mayan and “Oriental” art and architecture
Streamline Moderne 1930s-1940s x A modernistic style, sometimes also called Art Moderne x Smooth wall surfaces, usually stucco
x Flat roofs x Horizontal grooves or lines in wall surfaces (speedlines) x Horizontal awnings and balustrades x Rounded corners, portal windows x Glass block inserts
x Asymmetrical facades
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Minimal Traditional 1935-1950 x Small-scale, generally one-story houses associated with suburban expansion around the time of WWII
x Minimal amounts of added architectural detail and general simplicity of exterior design x Low- or intermediate-pitched roof, more often gabled x Roof eaves usually have little or no overhang x Double-hung windows, typically multi-pane or one-over-one x Platform steps leading to a concrete slab or brick front porch International 1937-1970 x A modernistic style
x Flat rooflines x Minimalist, lack of ornamentation
x Rectangular, block-like massing with square corners
x Horizontal and vertical elements
x Windows set flush with the exterior wall
x Windows arranged in bands (ribbon windows), floor-to-ceiling openings x Simple railings along decks and balconies x Structural system (concrete or steel) expresses form and function Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 420 of 476
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Mid-Century Modern 1940s-1970s x A modernistic style
x Variety of natural and manufactured materials x Cantilevered, flat, shed, or low-pitched roofs x Deep overhanging eaves x Canted and large expansive windows
x Variety of building materials
x Lack of ornamentation
x Repetition of glass and structural members
Late Moderne 1945-1960s x A modernistic style
x Flat rooflines x Angular and box-like massing with horizontal emphasis x Smooth exterior walls (concrete or stucco) x Canopies over entryways
x Fenestration consisting of punched windows or horizontal bands of steel-frame windows, often wrapping around corners
x Windows with projecting surrounds
x Muted curved details
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Googie/Exaggerated Modern 1950s-1960s x A modernistic style x Exaggerated rooflines, including folded, curvilinear, butterfly, swooping, boomerang, or hyperbolic shapes
x Irregular rectangular massing with abstract, angular, and curved portions x Asymmetrical facades x Flush-mounted expanses of steel or aluminum frame glass x Variety of building materials
x Colorful accents x Space-age and scientific motifs x Prominent, freestanding commercial signage integrated with building design Recent 1980-present x Recently constructed buildings
x Late twentieth- and early twenty-first century styles including Post Modern, Millennium Mansion, and New Traditional
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Style Time Period Character-Defining Features
Vernacular Continuous x Built to provide shelter with little regard for architectural style or changing fashion x Simple geometric forms
x Uncomplicated roofs x Unadorned porch supports and railings x Stylistic details not present
x Walls clad with one dominant material
Landscape Continuous x A designed outdoor space (can include parks, parking lots, pathways, etc.) Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 423 of 476
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FormsThe list of building forms in the following table provides an introduction to some of the most common buildings types in Sacramento’s Central City. One or more architectural style may be applied to an individual form. Not all of these forms were recorded during the 2018 property-by-property survey efforts. Some of the names and terminology used to describe these forms are derived from the Preservation Element of the City of Sacramento General Plan (2000) and McAlester’s A Field Guide to American Houses.

Form Time Period Character-Defining Features
Delta Type 1850-1910s x A general form typical of the Sacramento River Delta area that arose in response to conditions of frequent flooding and long, hot summers
x A frame house with a raised basement or ground floor, exterior stairways, and a front porch x Most often feature a gabled or hipped roof
x May be elaborated upon with a variety of Queen Anne, Stick/Eastlake, Italianate, Classical Revival, or other architectural style details
Classic Box (American Foursquare) 1890-1915 x A popular residential form during the early twentieth century, notable for its square front elevation and cubic quality
x Hipped roofs with a central dormer x Broad, overhanging eaves x Full-façade, partial-façade, or wraparound porches with simple round or square pillars x Pilasters, commonly found running the full height of the building x Central or offset first-story entrances x Symmetrical window patterns
x Exterior may be clad in wood clapboard, shingles, brick, stone, stucco, or a combination of materials
x May be elaborated upon with a variety of Colonial Revival, Classical Revival, Craftsman, Prairie, or Mission details
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Form Time Period Character-Defining Features
Bungalow/Cottage 1905-1925 x A small one-story or sometimes two-story house with a low-pitched roof, often with a hipped or shed dormer
x Broad, gabled porch
x Wood frame construction
x Relatively low in cost in the early twentieth century because they could be built according to plans taken from available pattern books, or could be purchased as early as 1908 as precut boards and timbers ready for assembly3 x Typically elaborated with Craftsman, Prairie, Classical Revival, or Minimal Traditional details Courtyard Apartment/Bungalow Court 1910s-1930s x A group of three or more one-story, single-family dwellings, arranged around a landscaped central courtyard
x Courtyard often entered and secured from public access by an iron gate x Typically elaborated with Tudor, Spanish Revival, or other revival style details4 3 Cyril M. Harris, Dictionary of Architecture and Construction (San Francisco: McGraw-Hill, 2006), 154. 4 Dennis Sullivan, “Bungalow Courts: Designed for California Living,” Redondo Beach Historical Society, accessed November 9, 2018, http://www.redondohistorical.org/?page_id=552. Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 425 of 476 Appendix C: Historic Preservation Tips & Tools 424
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Form Time Period Character-Defining Features
Dingbat5 1950s-1970s x Rectangular apartment buildings, typically two or three stories tall x Flat roofs x Often have stucco siding and flush mounted aluminum slider plate glass windows, but can incorporate other architectural styles
x Many feature mansard roods clad with cedar shingles
x Recessed parking areas below and to the rear
5 City of Los Angeles, “Dingbat,” in Draft Preservation Plan Workbook: Architectural Styles, 2003, 27. Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 426 of 476 Appendix C: Historic Preservation Tips & Tools 425
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Commercial TypologiesThe commercial typologies in the following table are based on Richard Longstreth’s book, The Buildings of Main Street, and are based on common forms and physical characteristics of commercial buildings to which architectural styles may be applied. During the field survey, one of the following typologies was selected along with the appropriate architectural style(s) from the previous table.

Style Time Period Characteristics
Temple Front 1820s-1940s x Facades derived from temples of Greek and Roman antiquity x One compositional unit x Typically two to three stories in height x Portico across front or recessed entrance with twin columns x Mostly for banks and public, institutional, and religious buildings One-Part Commercial Block 1850-present x Single-story in height x Simple box with decorated façade
x Urban undertones
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Style Time Period Characteristics
Two-Part Commercial Block 1850-1950 x Most common type of commercial architecture x Limited to structures that are two to four stories in height x Horizontal division into two distinct zones, usually reflecting differences of use (public on bottom, private on top)
Three-Part Vertical Block 1850s-1920s x Three parts, roughly analogous to the divisions of classical column: base, shaft, and capital x Similar to the Two-Part Vertical Block but has upper zone of one to three stories x Top may be an intricate crown of setback masses, particularly in Art Deco examples Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 428 of 476
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Style Time Period Characteristics
Stacked Vertical Block 1850s – 1880s x Reads as a series of layers, rather than coherent whole x At least five stories, with at least three horizontal divisions x 1850s-1870s – each story is similar but treated as a separate layer x After the 1860s – treatment varies for each layer
Two-Part Vertical Block 1850s-1930s x At least four stories in height x Prominent upper zone, which is treated as a unified whole and portrays a sense of verticality x Two parts: lower zone is one to two stories in height and forms the base of the upper zone, or “shaft”
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Style Time Period Characteristics
Vault 1900-1940s x Typically two to three stories in height x Façade penetrated by a large, tall, narrow center opening x Massiveness and enclosure emphasized, as opposed to enframing open interior spaces (as in Enframed Window Wall type)
Enframed Block 1900-1920s x Typically two to three stories in height x Façade punctured by columns, pilasters, arcades, or treatment suggestive of classical elements x Main section bracketed by narrower end bays to form continuous wall plane x Simple surround Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 430 of 476
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Style Time Period Characteristics
Arcaded Block 1900-1930s x Typically two to three stories in height x Series of tall, evenly spaced, round arched openings, extending across wide façade x No separate bracketing elements at ends
x Historical references to Italian, French, or English classical buildings, sometimes Romanesque or Gothic
Enframed Window Wall 1900-1940s x Large, center section enframed by a wide, continuous border, which is treated as a single, compositional unit
x Large, glazed display area or lobby
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Architects and BuildersWhile an exhaustive effort has never been undertaken to determine all of Sacramento’s master architects and builders, the following is a list of architects and builders considered to have made significant contributions to the built environment in Sacramento.6 Gustav E. Ahl C.K. Aldrich John Azevedo Seth Babson A.A. Bennet Leonard D. Blackford Bliss and Faville Blomberg Building Materials Arthur Brown, Jr. Allyn Burr Frederic Butler Peter Cadel Lee de Camp Alden W. Campbell Grant Caywood & Associates Campbell Construction Reuben Clark Brian Clinch Coffman, Sahlberg and Stafford E.A. Corum and Son Clarence Cuff W.K. Daniels William David James Dean Dean and Dean Harry Devine, Sr. Maury Diggs James C. Dodd, Sr. Dreyfuss and Blackford Albert M. Dreyfuss Alfred Eichler Joseph Eichler Frederick Emmons Alfred Fisher Raymond Franceschi Nathaniel D. Goodell Herbert Goodpastor Lawrence Halprin Edward Charles Hemmings Hemmings and Starks Charles A. Henderlong Rudolph Herold Ernest Hoen George D. Hudnutt Thomas Hunt Jones & Emmons Joseph Jozens Charles Kaiser William C. Keating Construction Company Lawrence J. Klein William Koblik G. Albert Lansburgh Sooky Lee Lawrence and McCarthy George B. MacDougall Kenneth McDonald Robert Metcalf Julia Morgan Moss and Moss George Muraki Daniel Nacht Jens Peterson Willis Polk Powers and Ahnden Rickey and Brooks Loring Rixford W.G. Saunders James Seadler Seadler and Hoen Seller Brothers and Company George Sellon Carter Sparks Leonard Starks Starks and Flanders Streng Brothers Charles F. Unger Dean Frederick Unger Weeks and Day Francis P. “Squeaky” Williams Alma Winn H.H. Winner Woolett and Lamb Wright and Kimbrough Brother Adrian Wewer William Wurster Wurster, Bernardi and Emmons 6 GEI Consultants, Inc., “Mid-Century Modern in the City of Sacramento Historic Context Statement and Survey Results” (report, City of Sacramento Community Development Department, 2011), 3-16 – 3-34; Sacramento Heritage, Inc., “Sacramento J and K Street Commercial Corridor Walking Tour,” 2013; Sacramento Heritage, Inc., “Sacramento City Hall Area Walking Tour,” 2011; Sacramento Heritage, Inc., “Sacramento Capitol Area Walking Tour,” 2012; Sacramento Old City Association, “37th Annual SOCA Home Tour featuring Poverty Ridge,” 2012; Sacramento Heritage, Inc., “Midtown Streetcar Tour: J Street & 28th Street;” Sacramento Old City Association, “38th Annual SOCA Home Tour: featuring the Mansion Flats Neighborhood,” 2013; Sacramento Old City Association, “39th Annual SOCA Home Tour featuring fabulous Midtown Sacramento,” 2014; Preservation Sacramento, “40th Annual Historic Home Tour featuring the neighborhood of Richmond Grove,” 2015; Preservation Sacramento, “41st Historic Home Tour featuring the neighborhood of Elmhurst,” 2016.

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Questions? Comments?
Please contact Sean de Courcy
Associate Preservation Planner
Community Development Department
City of Sacramento
E-mail: [email protected]

ARCHITECTURE

PLANNING & RESEARCH

PRESERVATION TECHNOLOGY
2401 C Street, Suite B Sacramento, California 95816 www.page-turnbull.com Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 433 of 476
Exhibit 2

C I T Y O F S A C R A M E N T O
C a l i f o r n i a

PRESERVATION AREA PLAN
Adopted in 1978
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PRESERVATION AREA PLAN

TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. MAP SHOWING BOUNDARIES OF AREAS
II. TO THE APPLICANT
III. INTRODUCTION
A. Purpose and Philosophy
B. Goals

1. Buildings

2. Landscaping
C. Definitions
IV. GUIDELINES FOR ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW
A. Rehabilitation of Listed Structures
B. Rehabilitation of Supportive Structures

1. General Design Standards
a. Exterior Materials
b. Color Schemes
c. Roofing
d. Height
e. Spacing

2. Architectural Details
a. Windows
b. Doors
c. Entrances, Front Porches
C. Rehabilitation of Non-Supportive Structures
D. New Construction in a Preservation Area

1. General Design Standards
a. Directional Expression
b. Height and Bulk
c. Materials and Color

2. Site Utilization
E. Relocation of Structures into, out of, or within
Preservation Areas
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F. Demolition of Structures

1. Listed Structures

2. Supportive Structures

3. Retrievable Structures

4. New Construction

5. Demolition Delays
V. LANDSCAPE AND SITE GUIDELINES
A. General Design Rules
B. Specific Guidelines.

1. Landscaping

2. Parking and Circulation

3. Service Areas

4. Building and Site Lighting; Street Furniture

5. Signs and Other Advertising Features
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I. MAP SHOWING BOUNDARIES OF AREAS
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II. TO THE APPLICANT
If you own a structure or property within the boundaries of a Preservation Area and wish to do any of the following., you must prepare and submit an application and related plans to the Preservation Board for approval. Review and approval must be completed before you can be issued a building work permit.

Within Preservation Areas, the following actions require Preservation Board review and approval:

1. Demolishing of a structure

2. Any work affecting the exterior of a structure

3. Construction of a new structure

4. Relocation of a structure:
a. within a Preservation Area
b. out of a Preservation Area
c. into a Preservation Area
Guidelines for completing applications and related plans are contained in this document. (See Listed Structures Plan if altering, remodeling, repairing or adding to the exterior of a Listed Structure.) Please be aware that all actions must comply with existing ordinance and zoning laws.

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III. INTRODUCTION
The Sacramento Preservation Program was formally established with the adoption of Ordinance 3469-4th Series (Chapter 32, City Code) on January 18, 1975. This ordinance created the Preservation Board as the public body responsible for the City's preservation efforts within the Central City, and established the City's policy of the protection and preservation of historically, architecturally and culturally significant structures and areas. The Preservation Board's initial responsibility was the development of the City's Official Register which identified significant pre-1920 residential buildings and Preservation Areas. Adoption of the Listed Structures Plan followed.

The Listed Structures Plan explained policies and benefits to be derived from preservation, identified significant pre-1920 individual structures, and outlined the measures necessary to protect and preserve these structures. The present document, Preservation Area Plan, is another step to further the implementation of Sacramento's preservation objectives as established by Chapter 32, Fourth Series, of the Sacramento City Code. This plan has been developed to identify significant pre-1920 Preservation Areas and to delineate measures necessary to preserve and protect these areas. With the adoption of the Plan, the Preservation Board becomes responsible for reviewing all rehabilitation, relocation, demolition and new construction within Preservation Areas and evaluating each application in accordance with the standards and criteria listed in this plan and any applicable land use plans.

A. Purpose and Philosophy
The purpose of the preservation program at this time is to protect and maintain the character of architecturally,
historically and culturally significant structures and areas within the City of Sacramento dating from 1848 through 1920. To ensure that all activities within Preservation Areas are directed toward the enhancement of these areas, the Preservation Board has been given the responsibility of reviewing all projects involving relocation, signage, demolition, new construction and exterior remodeling of buildings within Preservation Areas, prior to the issuance of appropriate permits. The Board seeks to maintain the area's scale and character through protection and preservation, while at the same time allowing for creative, yet appropriate rehabilitation and new construction. The intent of the
Preservation Board is not to require new construction to be reproductions of older structures, but rather to insure that new construction be complementary to the Preservation Area in scale, bulk, height, design and general character.

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B. Goals
The following goals are established to implement the Cit}.

Preservation Program and to comply with State and Federal regulations regarding the certification of such programs. In addition, these goals are directed toward achieving harmonious, integrated and compatible developments that enhance preservation areas and protect architectural and historic resources, values., investments, and the general welfare of the public within Preservation Areas of the Central City.

Specific goals include:

1. Buildings
a. To encourage new construction, new design and
rehabilitation that is integrated and compatible with
the character of Preservation Areas.
b. To encourage the on-site retention and protection of existing Supportive and Listed Structures.
c. To insure that non-residential developments are
designed so as to be compatible with the surrounding
Preservation Area.
d. To coordinate exterior building design on all
elevations with regard to color, materials,
architectural form, style and detailing to achieve
design harmony and enhance the existing Preservation
Area.
e. To encourage preservation of existing historic
structures while enhancing their value and economic
life.

2. Landscaping
a. To encourage historic landscaping practices and/or
landscaping that harmonizes with the building design
and that of the surrounding area.
b. To encourage the retention and protection of existing trees in Preservation Areas in particular and in the
Central City in general, and to encourage the planting
of trees in parking areas, adjacent to structures, and
on Central City streets.
c. To encourage landscape screening of parking lots, trash areas, and mechanical equipment.
d. To encourage innovative and compatible graphic design which properly identifies the project and complements
the architecture of the project and the Preservation
Area.

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C. Definitions

1. Preservation Areas
A preservation area is an area or place having a special architectural character or special historical or aesthetic interest or value, comprised of contiguous sites or
contiguous groups of structures relating harmoniously and compatibly, along with neighboring property, which taken together reflect a distinct and unified character.
"Neighboring property" does not necessarily mean contiguous property; rather it means the general area within which the contiguous sites or-groups of structures are located and which, as a whole, is exemplified by a special architectural character or special historical or aesthetic interest or value. The following criteria were utilized in the
selection of Preservation Areas:
a. Areas providing significant examples of architectural styles of the past or landmarks in the history of
architecture.
b. Areas serving as a reminder of past eras, events and persons important in local, state or national history,
and illustrating past living styles for future
generations to observe, study and inhabit.
c. Areas containing historic and culturally significant grounds, gardens, and objects.

2. Listed Structures
Listed Structures are those buildings designated on the Official Register as Essential or Priority.
a. Essential: those structures of irreplaceable
architectural, cultural or historic significance.
b. Priority: those structures whose significance is of a lesser degree but should remain unless unusual and
compelling circumstances dictate removal.

3. Supportive Structures
Supportive Structures are those buildings whose basic
characteristics and/or salient architectural details
harmonize with their surroundings and help maintain the integrity of a Preservation Area.

Supportive structures may include, but are not limited to the following:
a. Pre-World War II buildings that are not architecturally significant but provide visual harmony to the
streetscape and area.

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b. Pre-194l buildings that, though they continue to
harmonize with their surroundings, have been altered to the point that they do not meet the criteria to be
listed structures. If properly rehabilitated, the'!
could possibly be eligible for individual inclusion on
the Official Register.
c. Post-194l buildings that harmonize with the Area
because of height and bulk.
d. Commercial buildings, not yet identified on the
Official Register, may also be supportive when they
meet the criteria. --'

4. Retrievable Structures
Retrievable structures are those which date prior 'to 1941, but, because of "misguided improvements" or additions, are not at this time supportive to the Area or streetscape.

A retrievable structure, if properly rehabilitated, might move up the Supportive or Listed status.

5. Non-Supportive Structures
Non-Supportive Structures are those dating after 1941 that have no architectural, cultural or historic significance, nor do they provide visual harmony to the streetscape in terms of height, bulk, setback and roof shape.

6. Historic Landscaping
Historic landscaping is that practice of making the open space surrounding a historic structure reflect the era of that structure and the Preservation Area as a whole. This would include planting vegetation and treating it in a
manner that was popular at the time the structure was built.

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IV. GUIDELINES FOR ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW
The following standards and criteria are intended to provide a frame of reference for the applicant as well as a method of review for the Board. The requirements are not inflexible, nor are they intended to discourage creativity, invention and innovation. Rather, they will ensure preservation of the character of structures and Areas while enhancing their value and economic life.

A. Rehabilitation of Listed Structures
See "Listed Structures Plan," available from the Preservation Director.

B. Rehabilitation of Supportive Structures and Retrievable Structures
The following sets forth criteria that should be followed in altering, remodeling, repairing or adding to the exterior of Supportive Structures and Retrievable Structures.

1. General Design Standards
A house should not be made to look either newer or older than as it appeared when built. Many Supportive Structures and all Retrievable Structures have been improperly altered and should be returned, wherever possible, to the original character and design of the house,
a. Exterior Materials
Renovations should utilize the original design
character of the building. If because of alterations
the original character or treatment of the building
cannot be determined, renovations should follow
existing dominant materials and textures of the
adjacent structures.

Imitation materials or design elements for exterior
walls should be avoided whenever possible. Types of
material to be avoided are asphalt and asbestos
shingles or siding, aluminum windows and doors,
aluminum awnings and aluminum roofing.
b. Color Schemes
Although no specific color palette is required, colors
used should contrast or blend harmoniously with
neighboring structures. Extremely bright colors may be
used sparingly for accent, but should be avoided when
used as a primary color of the walls. For an effective
color scheme, use of more than five colors should be
avoided. Walls should utilize one major color with two
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c. Roofing
Roofing will generally constitute a major visual aspect of the structure and will consequently be considered
part of the color scheme of the house. Color, texture,
and material should not detract from the building; a
neutral-toned material is generally preferable.
d. Height
To maintain a street's unity, structures should respect the height and scale of neighboring buildings,
particularly the adjacent structures. A proposed upper
floor addition which raises the height of a structure
above that of its neighbors will generally not be
approved. This may be permitted, however, if the
addition is set back from the front facade of the
structure so that it is not noticeable from the street.

Structures may be raised (lifted) if appropriate to the building's proportions and the surrounding
neighborhood.
e. Spacing
Uniform spaces between buildings lend a rhythm and
harmony to the streetscape when viewed in sequence.

A side or height addition to a structure which
adversely alters such rhythm should not occur.

2. Architectural Details
Fences, roofs, chimneys, cornices, windows, entrances,
awnings, porches, garage doors and other accoutrements
should be appropriate to the style of the house they are a part of or with which they are associated. All
architectural features, specifically included in the
description of the structure set forth in the adopted survey card, for the structure shall be retained, except where alteration or removal is required by law or where there is no feasible alternative to the proposed alteration or
removal.

Specifically, the following details should be kept in mind:
a. Windows: Windows should be replaced only if
rehabilitation of existing material is not functionally feasible. New windows should generally be of the same
size, material, and type as the old ones and retain the same arrangement and proportion as the original
fenestration. Metal awnings: metal sash windows, nonfunctional decorative shutters, and other modern types of window treatment usually detract from the original
design and should be avoided, unless they are
architecturally accurate.

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b. Doors: Original doors should be retained wherever
Possible. Door treatment, including the installing of
aluminum screens, not in keeping with the original
architectural style should be avoided. The original
arrangement and proportion of doors should he retained. if feasible.
c. Entrances, Front Porches: Parts of the original design, front porches, entrance porticos and exterior stairways should be retained or restored if possible; if
previously altered, they should be returned to the
original design. Original materials should be retained
or architecturally accurate replacements should be used in repairing or reconstructing porch posts and
railings.

C. Rehabilitation of Non-Supportive Structures
The guidelines as outlined in Section D, "New Construction," will be used to evaluate proposals to alter, remodel, repair or add to all post-194l construction within Preservation Areas. All changes should strive for a facade that is more harmonious with neighboring buildings.

D. New Construction in a Preservation Area
New construction within a Preservation Area should be compatible with and even enhance the character of the individual Area.

Elements such as landscaping, site utilization, exterior features such as signs and lighting, as well as the design of the proposed structure itself, should all be developed to harmonize with the total Area. Good design, thoughtful selection of exterior treatment, and careful respect for neighbors will enable new construction to actually enhance the Area.
l. General Design Standards
All new construction should respect the scale and design of existing Listed and Supportive Structures within the area.

It is not intended that new construction be a copy of preWorld War II structures, but that it be complementary in scale, bulk, rhythm, height, and general character of the Preservation Area.
a. Directional Expression
In Areas where the existing design tends to be strongly vertical, delicate and narrow, new construction should
respect that style. On the other hand, in Areas where
the existing design tends to be bulky and solid, new
construction should respect this also. Roof lines
should be compatible with adjacent roof styles or to
the surrounding neighborhood character.

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b. Height and Bulk
New construction should be harmonious with the height
and bulk of its neighbors. Appropriate standards will
vary from Area to Area. The bungalows of 20th and "N"
Streets, Preservation Area 9, offer a different feeling of scale from the larger homes found on broad lots in
Poverty Ridge/Sutter Terrace, Preservation Area 11.
c. Materials and Color
Exterior treatment of new construction should respect
the treatment of existing Supportive and Listed
Structure in terms of materials and textures. Colors
should be harmonious with and enhance neighboring
structures.

2. Site Utilization
Builders should be sensitive to the importance of setbacks and side yards as part of the total character of an Area.

The front setback of a new development is particularly
critical when it is located adjacent to a Listed Structure.

New construction should be designed so as not to obscure an adjacent Listed Structure. Uniform spaces between buildings lend rhythm and harmony to the streetscape. Side setbacks of new construction should be compatible with existing
structures in the area, particularly on block faces which present a "row" appearance due to the consistent spacing of already existing structures. Provisions for parking on the site and for housing of necessary utility and service
equipment should be made in a manner harmonious with the total character of the area. See Section V., "Landscape and Site Treatment" for specific information.

E. Relocation of Structures Into, Out of, or Within Preservation Areas
It is the philosophy of the Preservation Board that whenever possible Listed, Supportive and Retrievable Structures should be rehabilitated in their original location. This conclusion is based on the following reasons:

1. The appearance of the original neighborhood may be damaged by the removal of one of its integral elements.

2. Relocation involves additional costs not involved in on-site rehabilitation, including temporary utility line relocation, moving expenses, additional building code requirements, tree trimming and traffic control.

3. City trees may need to be removed or may be damaged by a building move.

4. The structure may become damaged or weakened in transit.

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5. Building code requirements may be more stringent for relocated structures.

However, the Board recognizes that, under certain circumstances the relocation of a structure may be necessary. For example in the case of a Listed, Supportive or Retrievable Structure, relocation may be necessary to preserve the building. In the case of a Non-Supportive Structure, removal of the structure may enhance a Preservation Area. The Board therefore, will review all proposed relocations of Listed, Supportive and Retrievable structures both as to the site to which and the site from which the building is being moved. Such review shall be made
regardless of whether the proposed relocation is being made into, out of, or within a Preservation Area, in order to preserve significant attributes of the structure and to protect the character of the Preservation Areas. Where a Listed, Supportive or Retrievable structure is to be moved from a Preservation Area to a site outside an Area, the proposed site will also be reviewed and will be approved only when the character of the new site and its surroundings are compatible with the structure.

Review of non-supportive structures shall be limited to relocations of such buildings into or within a Preservation Area.

The relocation of a Non-Supportive Structure to a site outside of a Preservation Area would require the normal Architectural Review Board review and approval. ARB may request Preservation Board review and comment to assist in their determination.

In order to preserve the environmental significance, (the compatibility with which a building relates to surrounding structures and open space) of a Listed, Supportive or Retrievable Structure, and to protect the character of the Preservation Area, it is important that proposed relocation sites be evaluated with respect to both the quality of the area and the building itself.

The relocation site within a neighborhood possessing an environment and buildings that are compatible to the relocated structure with respect to architectural style, height, bulk and setback, materials, landscaping and overall street scene are most desirable. Typically, the above stated criteria can best be met within the same Preservation Area in which the structure is presently located. However, proposed sites in other Preservation Areas and areas outside Preservation Areas will be approved should the above qualifications be met. The Preservation Board believes the above qualifications are best met within the Central City. Additionally; it is recognize that the removal of large numbers of Listed and Supportive Structure from the Central City would destroy the very qualities of the City that the
Preservation Program has been working to preserve.

Such depletion of these structures would be contrary to the intention of the City Council in the adoption of Chapter 32 of the City Code which established the Preservation Program.

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F. Demolition of Structures
The philosophy of the Board is to save as many Listed and Supportive Structures as possible, though the Board realizes that this is not always possible. The Board, when considering requests pertaining to Listed, Supportive and Retrievable Structures, encourages rehabilitation. When considering requests pertaining to Non-Supportive Structures, the Board generally approves demolition, when consistent with Chapter 32 of the City Code.

Because vacant, unimproved land will often become a blighting influence on an area, it is recommended that, when it is economically reasonable, no demolition application be made until plans for new construction have been submitted to the Board for review and approval. In the case of an Incompatible structure, plans for new construction. will not be required at the time of the demolition permit.

1. Listed Structures on the Official Register (see Listed Structures Plan.)

2. Supportive Structures
Because the removal of supportive structures frequently damages the overall character and visual impact of a
Preservation Area, their demolition should be avoided
whenever possible. Rehabilitation of these structures is preferable to their demolition. The Board, when reviewing a demolition application, considers such factors as physical condition and rehabilitation costs, as well as the
architectural character of the structure and the impact of its removal upon the character of the Preservation Area.

3. Retrievable Structures
Because, once restored, these buildings are potentially of Supportive or Listed status, rehabilitation is preferable to demolition. If, during review of a demolition application, the Board finds that a building has Supportive or Listed Structure potential, a demolition delay may be instituted.

4. New Construction
Developers may wish to consider the reuse of existing postWorld War II structures as a more economic alternative to new construction. The Board does not insist on the reuse and rehabilitation of post-World War II buildings but will
consider each case separately.

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5. Demolition Delays
Under provisions of Chapter 32 of the City Code, the Board may delay the demolition of Supportive, Retrievable and NonSupportive Structures up to 90 days and delay the demolition of a Listed Structure up to 180 days. Upon request of the Preservation Board, the City Council may invoke an
additional 180-day delay. The purpose of a delay is to allow the owner and the City time to consider alternatives. if no alternatives are feasible, a permit would be granted without further delay.

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v. LANDSCAPE AND SITE GUIDELINES
A. General Design Rules
The historic quality of a structure and a Preservation Area can be visually enhanced by a landscape that reflects the era of the structure and the Area. Wherever possible, existing older landscaping elements should be retained or duplicated if they do reflect the era of the Area. Therefore, such elements as trees, which are part of a street row, old camellias or harmonious "built elements" should be retained. Their repetition can identify. and unify a neighborhood and enhance the structure by providing an ifpprop1!iate setting. Disharmonious elements such as weedy or neglected plant life and unattractive fences, should be replaced with more compatible features.

Specifically:

1. Meandering sidewalks adjacent to public streets may be encouraged if needed to preserve existing trees within the public right-of-way.

2. Planting areas between the sidewalks and curb should be landscaped with plant material and maintained by the
property owner, except for street trees which are planted and maintained by the City.

3. Landscaped areas should be utilized for the purpose of separating or screening parking, trash and storage areas from adjoining streets and building sites. In addition, landscape elements in the form of ground forms, rock
groupings, water patterns, terraces and plazas may be
considered in the articulation of open space if they enhance the project and the Preservation Area.

B. Specific Guidelines
The following set of guidelines for landscaping and exterior space treatment has been adopted from those established by the Architectural Review Board (ARB).

1. Landscaping
Landscaping should harmonize with the building design and that of the surrounding Preservation Area. The landscaping should be developed with regard for the aesthetic qualities of the existing terrain and landscaping in order to maintain existing trees, significant plant material and to minimize soil removal. Plant material on private property should be complementary to City landscaping of streets. Plant material should be selected for interest in its structure, texture and color and for its ultimate growth. Plantings should strengthen vistas and important areas, and provide shade in summer, sun in winter. Spectacular effects shall be
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Sacramento Preservation Area Plan Page 18
a. Areas not utilized for parking and storage should be landscaped with plant materials. Where there are small
areas between buildings and property lines, the use of
climbers, vine and/or ground cover is recommended.
b. Landscaping in setback areas should consist of
effective combinations of plant materials, such as
trees, shrubs and ground cover.
c. In areas where general planting will not prosper, other material such as fences, walls and pavings of wood,
brick, stone, gravel and cobbles shall be used.

Carefully selected plants shall be combined with such
material where possible.
d. Plastic plant materials are not encouraged; however, the Preservation Board may approve the use of
artificial turf in required four-foot planters for nonresidential land uses. e. Grades of walks, parking spaces, terraces and other
paved areas shall provide an inviting and stable
appearance for walking and, if seating is provided, for sitting.
f. Fences and landscaping to buffer non-residential uses and parking areas from adjacent residential uses are
recommended.
g. Parking areas adjacent to public streets should be
screened with earth berms, shrubs, fences and/or walls.

Landscaping shall be provided in front of the fences
and/or walls.
h. When parking areas are located adjacent to an alley, planting material should be provided between the
parking area and the alley.
i. Trees and planting areas shall be planted in parking lots in order to shade and cool parking areas and to
make them more attractive. Shrubs are limited to three
feet in height when located within 15 feet of the
parking lot entrance/exit.
j. Planters in parking lots should be protected with a
six-inch raised concrete curb. Appropriately designed
wood barriers may be used, upon approval of the
Preservation Board, in locations where the City Zoning
Ordinance does not require concrete curbs.

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Sacramento Preservation Area Plan Page 19

2. Parking and Circulation
Parking areas and the location and number of driveways to public streets are to be designed to reduce visual impact of cars and provide for the safety of the public. In addition, the design of parking areas should not have an impact on neighboring properties and should be designed to reduce noise and circulation to adjacent residential uses. The design of parking areas should be in conformance with the landscape criteria as outlined in the foregoing section.

The following criteria are established to guide the
development of parking areas and driveways to the parking areas:
a. Parking areas should be located to the rear or side of the property rather than in front of a development.
b. All parking areas should be lighted adequately for
safety and theft protection; however, the lighting
shall reflect away from residential areas and public
streets.
c. Lighting fixtures in the parking area should be
attractively designed to complement the architecture of the project. Decorative lighting in parking lots is
encouraged.
d. All driveways shall be reviewed and approved by the
City Traffic Engineer. A driveway permit shall be
obtained from the City Traffic Engineer.

3. Service Areas
The policy is to screen and locate storage areas, machiner1. installation service areas, utility structures, trash areas and similar accessory structures so that those areas will be compatible with the structure and be attractive to the
public view.
a. Where feasible, service areas shall be located to the rear or side of the building and designed to be
screened from public view and adjacent properties with
plant material and/or by other screening devices, where feasible.
b. The color of a wood fence or wall, when used for
screening purposes, should be compatible with the color and texture of the building.

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Sacramento Preservation Area Plan Page 20
c. Trash Areas should. be located away from residential uses to prevent noise, odor and provide sanitary
conditions. At the same time, trash facilities must be
accessible for the trash pick-up methods used by the
City of Sacramento or private collecting firms. Trash
enclosures shall be constructed with concrete or
asphalt floor and designed so that they can be washed
out and kept in a sanitary condition. The trash area
should be enclosed by a five-foot fence and be
surrounded by plant material.
d. Utility Installations should be placed underground.

Any installation remaining above ground, such as padmounted transformers, shall be integrated and compatible with the architecture and landscaping of the project. These installations shall be located in areas
less visible but easily accessible for servicing and
shall be screened with a fence or plant material.

4. Building and Site Lighting; Street Furniture
The policy is to prevent light glare or reflection while providing safety to the public.
a. All exterior lighting shall be designed and located on the property or the building to reduce or prevent glare or reflection onto adjacent residential properties or
public streets.
b. All exterior lighting fixtures shall be compatible to the building, and the Preservation Area in color,
material and design.
c. Any other street furniture, i.e. fountains, bus
benches, etc., shall also be compatible to the
Preservation Area in design, color, material and size.

5. Signs and Other Advertising Features
All new signs and graphics shall be compatible with the design of the proposed buildings and/or structures as well as the surrounding properties.
a. All signs shall conform to the Sacramento City Sign
Ordinance. Signs located in any Redevelopment Area
and/or special sign district shall conform to such
regulations.
b. An overall plan for signs and graphics shall be
submitted to the Preservation Board for review when
projects include several signs and graphics.

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Sacramento Preservation Area Plan Page 21
c. It is recommended that information contained in any
sign or group of signs should be limited so that it
results in a clear, readable message and design.

Message simplification using graphics, logos or symbols is encouraged.
d. The height, location and size of signs and graphics
shall not hinder the views from buildings or from
streets.
e. The design, color, texture and land size of signs shall be coordinated with the building color, material, size
and style, and enhance the Preservation Area.
f. External spot or floodlighting should be arranged so that the light source is screened from public view.

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CITY OF SACRAMENTO

PRESERVATION BOARD

LISTED STRUCTURES PIAN

NON RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
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PRE SER'/ ATI::: :f 3CARD

NON -RESI DE JTIAL BUI LDD J GS
REHABILITATI O N: The process of maintaining or return ng a propert to a state of utility, through r p ir or alteration, which makes possible an effici nt contemporary use while preserving those portions and features of the property which are
significant to its historic, architectural and
cultural values.

While the major thrust of the residential guidelines are restoratio n, i.e., taking a building back to its original appearance, the guidelines for non-residential buildings encourage rehabilitation. he Preservation Board recognizes that the demands put on non-residential buildings may require more flexibility in design. Rehabilitation allows for different solutions to meet these demands.

Many of the Listed Structures, especially the commercial buildings, have undergone successive modifications. They are no longer evocative of one period in time, but rather are reflective of the evolution of a building to meet changing needs and tastes. Also, the Board recognizes that the primary purpose of commercial buildings is to produce income for their owners and for those businesses that occupy them.

Therefore, these guidelines do not encourage an artificial reconstruction of something that never was, nor will they deprive any owner of a reasonable economic use of a building or property, rather they encourage the continuing use of sound buildings that enrich the built environme nt· and contribute to our sense of history.

ADAPTIVE RE-USE
The Listed Structures are important contributors to the built environment, fulfilling basic cultural and social needs, and every effort should be made to retain them. Some of these buildings which appear to have outlived their usefulness will be proposed for demolition.

Industrial buildings that were constructed for a specific purpose no longer needed are particularly vulnerable, as are small commercial buildings.

If the building remains sttucturally sound there is the potential for adaptive re-use - the conversion of a building to another use.

The possibilities are endless as evidenced in other cities where churches have been converted to offices, garages to shopping malls, grain elevatdrs to hotels, textile mills to apartment houses. These conversions provide tenants distinctive environments while at the same time protecting and utilizing important cultural resources.

The Board encourages new and creative uses of existing buildings.

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When reviewing any proposal to alter a L sted Structure, the Bear will consi der The degree to which th e bu lding has been altered.

Many Essential Buildings retain a high degree of design integrity , that is, they appear much as they did originally. Also, they are excel lent examples of an architectural style. Alterations, particularly to the front elevation of these buildings should be avoided.

Other buildings have undergone varying degrees of modifications, some to the point where it would not be feasible nor appropriate to return to an original state. Proposals to alter these buildings could include horizontal and vertical additions and the use of contemporary design for alterations and additions.

The most important factor to remember is that any remodeling or alteration should enhance rather than weaken those qualities of the building that give it its historic or architectural significance.

An additional factor to remember is that consideration must be given to the visual effects of additions and alterations on the surrounding streetscape. Visual compatibility with neighboring structures, with respect to scale, proportion, form, material and rhythm should be sought.

DESIGN GUIDELINES
In addition to the above stated standards, the Board will also use the guidelines that follow when reviewing projects. These guidelines are taken in part from the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation and Guidelines for Rehabilitating Historic Structures. They allow for the freedom and flexibility needed to encourage on site rehabilitation of existing non-residential buildings. The applicant should also consult the Alkali Flat Urban Guidelines for projects located within the Alkali Flat Redevelopment Area.
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On an app-lica'tion by application basis the Board may wish to consider other factors affecting the project.

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1. Suilding Design:
a. The distinguishing crigin al qu alities or character of a building, struct Jre , or site and its environment
should not be destroyed. The removal or alterati on of
any histo rical material or distinctive architectural
features should be avoided when possible.
b. All buildings, structures, and sites should be recognized as products of their own time. Alterations that have no historical basis and which seek to create an earlier
appearance should be discouraged.
c. Changes which may have taken place in the course of time are evidence of the history and development of a building, structure, or site and its environment. These changes may have acquired significance in their own right, and this significance should be recognized and respected.
d. Distinctive stylistic features or examples of skilled craftsmandship which characterize a building, structure, or site should be treated with sensitivity.
e. Deteriorated architectural features should be repaired rather than replaced, wherever possible. In the event
replacement is necessary, the new material should match the material being replaced in composition, design,
color, texture, and other visual qualities. Repair or
replacement of missing architectural features should be based on accurate duplications of features, substantiated by historic, physical, or pictorial evidence rather than on conjectural designs or the availability of different architectural elements from other buildings or structures. f. Contemporary design for alterations and additions to existing properties should not be discouraged when such alterations and additions do not destroy significant
historical, architectural or cultural material, and
such design is compatible with the size, scale, color,
material, and character of the property, ne,ighborhood
or·environment.
g. Wherever possibl , new additions or alterations to
structures should be done in such a manner that if such additions or alterations were to be removed in the future, the essential form and integrity of the structure would be unimparied.

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2. andscape:

The landscape shall be developed with due regard
for the aesthetic qualities of the natural terrain.

Damage to existing trees shall be minimal and any
grade changes shall be in keeping with the general
appearance of neighboring developed areas. Landscaped areas shall not be limited to providing open space but shall be utilized for the purpose of separating or screening service and storage areas from the street and adjoining building sites, breaking large
expanses of paved areas, separating or screening
parking lots from the streets and adjoining sites
and separating building areas from paved areas. When
structures are being relocated, recommendations from
the City Department of Recreation and Parks, with
respect to tree removal and trimming, will be considered prior to Board approval of the new site.

3. Drives, Parking and Circulation:

Consideration shall be given to location and
number of access points to public streets, width
of interior drives and access points, general
interior circulation, separation of pedestrian
and vehicular traffic and arrangement of parking
areas. Walkways, interior drives and parking
shall be safe and convenient and should not
detract from the structure they service or
neighboring properties.

Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 460 of 476
tility Ser vice:

Electric and telephone lines may be underground. An·;
utility installations remaining above ground shall t
located so as to have a harmonious relation to neig= r- ing properties and the site.

5. Lighting:

Lighting on the exterior of buildings, including free
standing pole signs and lights shall be so arranged or
shielded as to prevent glare or reflection onto adjace t properties or public rights-of-way.

6. Advertising Features:

The size, location, design, color, texture, lighting
and materials of all permanent signs and outdoor advertising structures or features shall be coordinated with the building they service and shall not detract
from the surrounding properties.

7. Special Features:

Exposed storage areas, exposed machinery installations, service areas, truck loading areas, utility buildings
and structures, and similar accessory areas and
structures shall be subject to such setbacks, screen
plantings or other screening methods as shall reasonably be required to prevent their being incongrous with the existing or contemplated environment and the
surrounding properties.

RELOCATION
Relocation is often less feasible with non-residential
buildings which are generally larger than residential structures and not as practical to move. Also, non-residential buildings generally have stronger cultural ties to their original location.

The intrinsic architectural value would not be lost with a new site. However, cultural significance, or the rationale for a building originally locating where it did would be lost foreve r.

Therefore, it is the philosophy of the Board that whenever possible ·Listed Structures should be rehabilitat ed in their original location.

The Board recognizes, however, that under certain circumstances, the relocation of a structure may be a nec essary alternative to demolitio n.

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In order to preserve attrib utes of the structure t at provi e its significance, it is important that the proposed relocation site enhance these qualities. Areas possessing an environnent and buildings that are compatible with the relocated structure with respect to architectural style, height, bulk and setback, materials, landscaping and overall street scene are most desirable.

The Preservation Board believes these qualifications are best met within the Old City. Additionally, the removal of large numbers of listed structures from the Old City would destroy the very qualities of the City that the Preservation Program has been working to preserve. Such depletion of these structu es would be contrary to the intention of the City Council in the adoption of Chapter 32 of the City Code which established the Preservation Program.

DEMOLITION
The demolition of any Listed Structure is contrary to
the principles of the Preservation Program. The destruction of great numbers of significant buildings would weaken the historic fabric of the City.The
Board realizes, however, that it may be necessary to
consider demolition requests on these buildings. Because buildings can often be saved by the owner and City pursuing alternatives to demolition, the Board
is empowered to delay demolition of Listed Structures
up to 180 days. Upon request of the Board, the City
Council may invoke an additional 180 day delay. The
purpose of such a delay is to allow the owner and the
City time to consider alternatives to demolition. If
alternatives are not feasible, a permit would be
granted.

Because vacant, unimproved land will often become a
blighting influence on an area and because vacant
buildings will sometimes be rehabilitated, no demolition application should be made until preliminary drawings for new construction have been submitted to
the Board for review and approval.

Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 462 of 476

CITY OF SACRAMENTO
California

PRESERVATION BOARD

LISTED STRUCTURES PLAN

RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
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Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 464 of 476

ADOPTION
The Listed Structures Plan was adopted by the Preservation Board, Resolution _6_, on December 27, 1976, pursuant to Section 32.503 of the Sacramen o City Code.

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING SURVEY
This Plan includes, by reference, all materials contained in the Sacramento Old City Residential Building Survey, prepared for the City of Sacramento by Charles Hall Page and Associates (September 9, 1976), as well as any later amendments made by the Preservation Board or the City Council.

BACKGROUND
The Sacramento preservation program was formally established with the adoption of Ordinance 3469-4thSeries (Chapter 32, City Codes), on January 18, 1975. This ordinance created the·P reservationBoard as the public body responsible for the City1 s preservation efforts within the Old City and established the protection and preservation of historically., architecturally., and culturally significant structures as a City policy and goal.

The Preservation Board's initial responsibility has been to oversee a comprehensive survey of residential structures built prior to 1920 within the Old City in order to develop an Official Register of significant residential buildings and preservation areas. The Listed Structures Plan has been developed to delineate the measures necessary to protect and preserve the structures included on the Register. The consulting :filiTl of Charles Hall Page and Associates, was hired by the City to conduct the survey, recommend candidate structures for inclusion on the Register, propose preservation areas, and provide materials for the Listed Structures Plan which is contained in this document.

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GUIDELINES FOR RELOCATION OF STRUCTURES
It is the philosophy of the Preservation Board that whenever possible listed structures should be rehabilitated in their original location.' This conclusion is based on the following reasons:

1. Relocation·involves additional costs not involved in on-site rehabilitation, including utility line removal, moving expenses, additional building code requirements, tree trimming, and traffic control.

2. The structure may become damaged or weakened in transit. 3, The appearance ,of the original neighborhood may be damaged by the removal of one of its integral elements.

However, the Board recognizes that, under certain circumstances, the relocation of a structure may be necessary iR order to preserve it.

In order to preserve attributes of the structure that provide its significance, it is important that the proposed relocation site enhance these qualities.

Neighborhoods possessing and environment and buildings that are co - patible to the relocated structures with respect to architectural style, height, bulk and setback, materials, landscaping and overall street scene are most desirable.

The Preservation Board believes these qualifications are best met within theOld City. Additionally, the removal of large numbers of listed structures from the Old City would destroy the very qualities of the City that the Preservation Program has been working to preserve.

Such depletion of these structures would be contrary to the intention of the City Council in the adoption of Chapter 32 of the City Code which established the Preservation Program.

In addition to the previously listed criteria and standards, proposed relocations of listed structures will be evaluated upon the following criteria:

1. Compatibility of recipient neighborhoods. The relocation of listed structures will be approved when the recipient neighborhood and adjacent properties contain structures which are compatible with the listed structure with respect to height, bulk, setback, architectural period or style and overall street scene.

2. Tree Removal and Trimming. Damage to existing City trees should be minimized. Recommendations from the City Department of Recreation and Parks will be considered prior to Board approval of the new site.
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3. Review of Landscape: The landscaping shall be developed with due regard for the aesthetic qualities of the natural terrain and landscape by minimizing tree and soil removal, and any grade changes shall be in keeping with the general appearance of neighboring developed areas. Landscaped areas shall not be limited to providing open space but shall be utilized for the purpose of separating or screening service or storage areas from the street and adjoining building sites, breaking large expanses of paved areas, separating or screening parking lots from the streets and adjoining sites and separating building areas from paved areas.

4. Relation of Proposed Buildings to Environment: Proposed structures shall be related harmoniously to the terrain and to existing buildings in the vicinity that have a visual relationship to the proposed buildings. The achievement of such relationship may include the enclosure of space in conjunction with other existing buildings or other proposed ·buildings and the creation of focal points with respect to avenues of approach, terrain features or other buildings.

5. Drives, Parking and Circulation: With respect to vehicular and pedestrain circulation, including walkways, interior drives and parking, consideration shall be given to location and number of access points to the public streets, width of interior drives and access points, general interior circulation, separation of pedestrian and vehicular t1affic, and arrangement of parking areas that are safe and convenient and, insofar as practicable, do not detract from the design of proposed buildings and structures and .the neighboring properties.

6. Utility Service: Electric and telephone lines may be underground.

Any utility installations remaining above ground shall be located so as to have a harmonious relation to neighboring properties and the site.

7. Advertising Features: The size, location, design, color, texture, lighting and materials of all permanent signs and outdoor advertising structures or features shall not detract from the design of proposed buildings and structures and the surrounding properties.

The size, height, and location shall not inhibit the view of adjacent buildings or streets. The design, color and texture shall be coordinated with the building on the site to which it is advertising.

All signs shall conform to the regulations for any redevelopment area or special sign district in which such signs are located.

8. Special Features: Exposed storage areas, exposed machinery installations, service areas, truck loading areas, utility buildings and structures, and similar accessory areas and structures shall be subject to such setbacks, screen plantings or other sc·reening methods as shall reasonably be required to prevent their being incongruous with the existing or contemplated environment and the surrounding properties.

9. Lighting: Review of all lighting on the exterior of the building Including free-standing pole signs and lights shall be to insure that they are so arranged or shielded to prevent glare or reflection onto adjacent properties or public rights-of-way.
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LISTED STRUCTURES PLAN

PURPOSE AND PHILOSOPHY
Purpose of Listed Structures Plan
The purpose of the preservation program is to protect and maintain the character of architecturally, historically and culturally significant structures withi.n the City of Sacramento. To this end, the Preservation Board has been given the responsibility of reviewing all projects involving exterior remodeling of buildings included on the Official Register as Essential or Priority structures, or those proposed by the Board for such designation. · The Board must review and approve any alteration, repair or addition to the exterior of listed structure prior to the issuing of a building permit or sign permit.

The Listed Structures Plan has been developed to provide guidelines to owners who may be considering exterior rehabilitation of such properties and to set forth the criteria and procedures to be followed by the Preservation Board when reviewing these projects.

Guidelines that provide Procedures and Criteria for the Relocation of Listed Structures are to be found in the Relocation of Structures Guidelines section.

Exterior Rehabilitation
While a large portion of rehabilitation work occurs on the interior of a building, the exterior work will have the broadest impact on the visual appearance of the City. Any exterior improvements to the structure should restore or retain the original design to the greatest extent possible. This is desirable in order to retain or develop the full market value of a house as well as provide architectural and historical integrity within the surrounding neighborhood.

Good rehabilitation decisions and quality workJnanship are important to the ultimate visual character of a house. The first and lasting impression of a structure is created by its exterior appearance Exterior design considerations are not totally dependent on budget.

Many-well intentioned homeowners have spent a lot of money on inappropriate features when rehabilitating their older homes, with the result that the value of their property was lessened rather than increased.

Good rehab work often follows the simplest course, maintaining the original .design integrity of the building, and applying the basic principles of architecture to make changes that are suited to the owner's budget, tastes and life style.

Since the 1950's there has been pressure to 11modernize11 houses that were built before the turn-of-the-century. This trend was characterized by excessive use of' aluminum windows and asphalt or asbestos shingles. Changes of this type often removed the individuality and charm of neighborhoods and de-characterized and confused the design intent of many houses.
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Unfortunately, many building products have appeared not because they were needed, but just because it was technically possible to make them.

There are, however, many products that are well designed and can be used quite handsomely in restoration work. The trick is being able to choose compatible elements, suitable in both material and design.

Good design must also relate to its surroundings. Neighborly environmental consideration in residential architecture does not require a bland and sterile duplication of facades or paint colors. It does require that each building respect its neighbors when considering similar or contrasting design elements. Similar color tones, building proportions and shapes with contrasting details provide interest and a subtle focus on the finer points and special design considerations of each structure.

In many existing ne,ighborhoods it is obvious that the
buildings to each other has already been determined.
is guided by the building's basic proportions, height
building's position in relationship to the street and
relationship of
This relationship
and form and the
adjacent structures.

However, major exterior alterations or additions to a building can change a building's overall feeling and its relationship to its surroundings. Concern for the standards contained in this Plan when exterior rehabilitation is being considered will greatly reduce the visual confusion often seen in neighborhoods and will help create good design that has a positive impact on its surroundings and protect the substantial investment an owner has in his or her property. - - · - - - - -
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LISTED STRUCTURES PLAN
STANDARDS AND CRITERIA FOR ARCHITECTURAL R. ryJEW
The Preservation Board shall evaluate each application for architectural review in accordance with the standards and criteria listed herein, and anY. applicable land use plans. These standards are intended to- provide a frame of reference for the applicant as well as a method of review for the Board. These standards and criteria shall not be regarded as inflexible requirements nor are they intended to discourage creativity, invention and innovation. The goal is to preserve the character of the structures being reviewed while enhancing their value and economic life.

General Design Rules for Alterations
The following rules set forth criteria that should be followed in altering, remodeling, repairing or adding to the exterior of a listed structure. In evaluating each application, the Board shall consider the extent to which these criteria are met. Deviations from these rules should not be permitted, except where there are special design conditions affecting the building or where it would be impractical to comply with these rules.

1. A house should not be made to look either yoW1ger or older than when it was built.

2. If old and new design and/or materials are mixed, the original character or design of the house should be
retained.

3. As many original exterior materials should be retained as is economically and/or fW1ctionally feasible.

4. Imitation materials or design elements for exterior walls should be avoided whenever possible. Synthetic materials may be used discreetly for maintenance purposes only.

Types of material that should be avoided are asphalt and asbestos shingles or siding, aluminum siding, alumim m:
windows and doors and alwninum awnings.

5. The roof should be a neutral-toned material. Roofing is generally not considered to be part of the color scheme of the house except when it constitutes a major visual
aspect of the structure. -,

6. Windows should be replaced only if rehabilitation of existing material is not functionally feasible. New
windows should generally be of the same size, material, and type as the old ones. Metal awnings, metal sash
windows, non-functional decorative shutters, unless
architecturally accurate, and other modern types of window treatment should be avoided.
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7. Original doors should be retained. The size and/or location of doorways should not be changed or relocated except for restoration to original condition. Door treatment not in keeping with the original archite·ctural style, and alurr.inurr! screens should be avoided. In all casesrf the or,iginal 11arrangement and proportion of doors and windows should be retained.

8. Front porches, entrance porticos and exterior stairways, which were part of the original design, should not be removed. Alterations and indiscriminate changes usually destroy the original design integrity and visual balance of a building facade. Original materials should be retained or architecturally accurate replacements should be used in repairing or reconstructing porch posts and railings. Updating woo9en porches with wrought iron or brick generally destroys visual harmony and should be avoided. If porches are enclosed, it can be done harmoniously if the original shapes and sizes of the openings are respected.

9. For an effective color scheme, use of more than five colors should be avoided. Walls should utilize one major color with two or three colors used in the trim. Wall colors
should be in harmony with the streetscape. Bright colors should be used sparingly, for accent, if at all. A palette of suggested colors will be available from the Preservation Director.

10. A house should relate positively to its visual enviromr.ent.

A facade should harmonize with the neighboring buildings.

Major elements of design should unify a house with its
surroundings.

11. Planting, paving, fences, and other features of the grounds of the house ahould blend with the surrounding environ.ent.

Existing landscape elements should be utilized, including types of trees, hedges, and fences; their repetition can identify and unify a neighborhood and enhance the listed structure by providing an appropriate setting.

Specific Alterations of the Structures
Exterior alteration of listed structures shall substantially conform to the following standards:

1. Height: Listed structures should respect the height and scale of neighboring buildings, particularly the adjacent structures, to maintain a street's unity. An added upper floor which raises the height of a listed structure above that of its neighbors will generally not be approved. This may be permitted, however, if the addition is set back fro the front facade of the listed structure so that it is not noticeable from the street. Structures may be raised (lifted) if appropriate to the building proportions and the surrounding neighborhood. -4-
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2. Spacing: Unifonn spaces between buildings lend a rhythm and hannony to the streetscape when viewed in sequence.

A side addition to a listed structure which changes the rhythm of a row of buildings should not be permitted.

3. Materials and Texture: Renovations to a listed structure should utilize existing dominant materials and textures within a streetscape and the original design character of the structure. For example, a brick stairway should not be constructed within a row of' wooden entrance stairs unless appropriate to the architectural style of the listed
structure.

4._ Color: Although no specific color palette iS required, exterior c.olors used on a listed structure will be submitted for review, in order to assure. that colors used contrast or blend harmoniously with neighboring structures.

Extremely bright colors should be avoided, particularly when used as the primary color of the walls.

5. Windowsand Doors: If windows and doors are redone or altered, the existing proportion of the area of the
openings to the area of the walls shall be retained.

6. Architectural Details: Fences, roofs, chimneys, cornices, windows, entrances, awnings, porches, garage doors and
other accoutrements should be appropriate to styles which are already part of the listed structure.

7. Significant Architectural Details: All architectural features specifically included in the description of the structure set forth 1.n the adopted survey card for the structure shall be retained, except where alteration or removal is required by law or where there is no feasible alternative to the proposed alteration or removal.

8. Signs: Signs must comply with all applicable City Ordinances.

In addition, signs must be compatible with the architecture of listed structures and should never detract from the
significance of the building.
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LISTED STRUCTURES PLAN

PROCEDURES
Review
Any proposal to alter; remodel, repair or add to the exterior of a listed structure will be subject to review under the provisions of this article prior to the issuance of a building permit, a sign permit, of the commencement of work. An application for architectural review of a listed structure will be filed with the Preservation Director.

Application for Review
Applications for Board review shall be submitted to, and be in the forni required by the Preservation Director.

Content of Applications
Applications will include the following when appropriate:

1. One copy of site plan
a. Location of existing and/or proposed structures, including signs;
b. Location of existing trees or landscaping;
c. Location of existing and/or proposed off-street parking, if any;
d. Location of adjacent public and private rights-of-way; e. Location of points of entry and exits for vehicles and internal circulation patterns;
f. Location of existing and/or proposed walls and fences and the indication of their height,and material of construction; g. Exterior lighting standards and devices, if any;
h. Grading and slopes showing their effect and relationsh·pi to the buildings and the site;

2. One copy of architectural drawings, including:
a. Plans to scale;
b. Elevations of all sides of the structure;
c. Roof details indicating the location and size of
mechanical equipment, if any.

3. Drawings indicating the location, size, color, shape and type of illumination of each proposed sign, if any.
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Ordinance 2019-0051 December 10, 2019 Page 474 of 476
Procedures

4. Preliminary landscaping plan when applicable.

5. Site photographs.

6. Proposed color, materials and texture palette.

7. Survey cara (to be provided by Director).

8. Other inf'onnation which is pertinent and which the Board may, by resolution, require all applicants to furnish.

Notice - Hearings
Following receipt of the application, the Director will schedule a hearing before the Board and notify the applicant of the tiree, date, and location. Hearings shall be conducted for the consideration of applications for architectural review in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 32 of the City Code and the criteria set forth in this plan.

The applicant, or other interested parties, may address the Board during the hearing if they wish. The Preservation Director will prepare a recommendation on the project for the Board.

Decisions and Notification
After consideration of the plans at· the hearing, the Board will make a detennination to approve, approve with conditions, or disapprove the plans. This detennination will be made publicly and also transmitted to the applicant in writing. Decisions of the Board may be appealed to the City Council, if appealed within 10 days of the Board's ratification of the Findings of Fact.

Final Plan and Certification
a. When the Board approves the architectural plan and
the applicant has been informed and has accepted the
conditions of approval which may be imposed by the
Board, the applicant shall file final working drawings, and a landscaping plan, when applicable, with the
Preservation Director.
b. The Preservation Director, upon receipt of said drawings and plans,·shall certify that the final plans submitted under this section are in accord with the architectural or landscaping plans as approved by the Board. After
such certification, the Director will transmit final
. approvalto the Building Department. Any pennits or
entitlements may thereafter be issued in accordance
with the provisions of the Sacramento City Code.
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