2025-01126 SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL - Airport South Industrial Annexation (P21-017) (Noticed on 11072025; Published 11072025; Passed for Publication 10212025; Published 10242025) [Updated 11/18/2025 @4:41 PM] - Part 3A — Sacramento City Council, December 2, 2025 (part 10 of 11)

Form Version 1 June 2020
Operational Air Quality Mitigation Plan (AQMP)/Greenhouse Gas Reduction Plan (GHGRP) Form
Instructions: Please complete this form and submit it to [email protected] for review. Include modeling files and other files as indicated.

The sections expand as you type so you will not run out of space.

Basic Information
Project name
(Include any
previous names.)
Airport South Industrial Park
Land use types
and sizes
6,609 ksf industrial park, 16.7 ksf fast food with drive through, 122 room hotel, 20 pump, convenience market with gas pumps, 3,670 parking spaces.

Targeted buildout
year
2033 full buildout
Type of plan ✔ Air Quality Mitigation Plan (AQMP/AQ-15/AQ-35) ☐ Greenhouse Gas Reduction Plan (GHGRP)
☐ Combination Air Quality Mitigation Plan and Greenhouse Gas Reduction Plan (AQMP/GHGRP)
☐ Other type of plan: Enter information here.

Plan name Airport South Industrial Park 35% Air Quality Mitigation Plan Applicant
Business name NorthPoint Development
Contact name Andrew Burrer
Phone (office) 419-320-5956
Phone (other) N/A
Email [email protected]
Consultant
Business name Raney Planning & Management
Consultant name Rod Stinson
Phone (office) (916) 372-6100
Phone (other) N/A
Email [email protected]
Land Use Jurisdiction
Jurisdiction
(city/county/other)
City of Sacramento, Sacramento LAFCo
Planner name Scott Johnson, Senior Planner
Phone (office) 916-808-5842
Phone (other) N/A
Email [email protected]

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Form Version 1 June 2020
Existing Land Use Designations
List all existing or planned specific plans,
master plans, community plans, design
guidelines, AQMP/GHGRPs, special
zoning or other related land use
requirements that the project is currently
subject to.

Append or provide links to the documents.

Sacramento County LAFCo approval of a Sphere of
Influence Amendment (SOIA) (including a related
Municipal Services Review) and Reorganization
(annexation and related detachments); and City of
Sacramento approval of a Prezone, General Plan
Amendment (GPA), Tentative Master Parcel Map,
Development Agreement (DA) and Planned Unit
Development (PUD).

Status of public facilities financing
plan/urban services plan, if applicable.

Append or provide links to the documents.

In process.

Is this project requesting a change to the
Urban Services Boundary or the Urban
Planning Area?
Yes, a change to both the USB and UPA.

Is the project as proposed assumed in the
currently adopted MTP/SCS (year 2020)?
The project is not assumed in the MTP/SCS.

Environmental Review Timeline
Date of most recent NOP March 4, 2022
Level of review requested
(preliminary/admin stage, DEIR stage,
revision review, etc.)
Preliminary/admin stage.

Is this a recirculation or does this
supersede a previous version?
First version.

Status of environmental review (for
example, Admin, DEIR, FEIR)
DEIR is being prepared currently.

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Form Version 1 June 2020
Air Quality Mitigation Plan
Reduction Goal(s)
35% reduction in
ozone precursors.

All feasible PM10
reductions.

Threshold(s) of
Significance
65 lbs/day ROG, 65
lbs/day NOx, 80 lbs/day
PM10
Source of
Thresholds
SMAQMD
Notes
Using CalEEMod 2020.4.0
and AQMP guidance version

4.3 Traffic Analysis
Fill out this section if a traffic analysis was used to determine trip information.

Name Sacramento Airport South Industrial Development Local Transportation Analysis - Draft Report; Airport South Industrial VMT Analysis
Date February 5, 2024; March 10, 2023
List any other projects that share
this traffic analysis.

None

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Form Version 1 June 2020
Concerns & Considerations for Individual Emissions Reduction Measures Global and Categorical Maximums (aka caps): Be sure to remain under the caps described in the CAPCOA Guidance. See CAPCOA’s Understanding and Using Fact Sheets.

Project Setting: CalEEMod project setting must match CAPCOA’s project setting in which caps are determined.

Enforcement Mechanisms: Include a description of the enforcement mechanisms necessary to fund and carry out activities such as TMA membership, transportation passes, etc.

Mobile Emissions
Were the mobile emissions
calculated in CalEEMod or offmodel?
If CalEEMod was used, what
version?
CalEEMod 2020.4.0 was used for baseline and proposed project analyses.

List the EMFAC version, if not
using CalEEMod.

N/A
Include any additional relevant
information.

Baseline uses CalEEMod default mobile trip info. Proposed project uses mobile trips modified based on the project traffic impact analysis.

Energy Emissions
SMUD year 2033
California Building Standards
Code
(Title 24 energy compliance year)
2019 as noted in CalEEMod 2020.4.0.

Emissions Summary Table
Complete for the applicable pollutants.

Pollutant Unmitigated BusinessAs-Usual Baseline
(tons/year)
Mitigated
Project
(tons/year)
Reduction target
(tons/year, efficiency metrics,
performance standards)
Target met?
(Yes/No)
NOX 103.66 tons/year 38.03 tons/year 30.06 tons/year Yes ROG 42.53 tons/year 8.56 tons/year 3.56 tons/year Yes
PM10 23.03 tons/year 16.26 tons/year All feasible Yes
PM2.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A
GHG (CO2e) N/A N/A N/A N/A

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Form Version 1 June 2020
AQMP/GHGRP Reduction Measures
Measure Name: Traffic study (TS)
Type of measure
✔ Design feature/NOT assumed in baseline
☐ Condition of approval #: specify
☐ Mitigation measure #: specify
Quantification method
☐ CAPCOA Guidance
✔ Traffic study
☐ Off-model calculation
☐ Air District staff guidance
✔ Air District CEQA Guide
☐ Other specify
Provide a brief description of measure and how it is valid to your project:

SMAQMD’s Recommended Guidance for Land Use Emission Reductions Version 4.3 (pg. 16) recognizes project specific information is preferred to using CalEEMod model defaults in analyzing a project’s emissions. DKS prepared a Local Transportation Analysis (February 5, 2024) and a VMT Analysis (March 10, 2023) for the project, which are being utilized for trip generation rates and trip lengths for the emissions calculations in mitigated project and the AQMP. The traffic impact analyses included therein used a combination of data from SACOG’s SACSIM 19 travel demand model (a modified version of the City of Sacramento’s 2040 Draft General Plan model) and data from the ITE Trip Generation Manual 11th Edition (pg. 29).

Describe the enforcement mechanism for this measure.

The traffic study includes the conditions of the transportation system planned for the project and the surrounding properties, intersections, roadways and freeway access. The transportation improvements are intrinsically part of the design of the project.

You may provide more details in an attachment.

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Form Version 1 June 2020
Measure Name: Natural gas infrastructure prohibited, except for restaurant uses Type of measure
☐ Design feature/assumed in baseline
✔ Condition of approval #: Required to be included as a Condition of Approval. ✔ Mitigation measure #: Mitigation Measure 4.3-2 (1)
Quantification method
✔ CAPCOA Guidance
☐ Traffic study
☐ Off-model calculation
☐ Air District staff guidance
✔ Air District CEQA Guide
☐ Other specify
Provide a brief description of measure and how it is valid to your project:

All land uses in the project will be constructed without natural gas infrastructure except for the restaurant uses (currently estimated as 16,700 square feet, fast food restaurants), in compliance with SMAQMD GHG measure BMP-1.

Describe the enforcement mechanism for this measure.

The exclusion of natural gas infrastructure will be required as a Condition of Approval and will be included in improvement plans reviewed/approved by the City to ensure the natural gas infrastructure is only constructed to service the restaurant land uses in the project site. The City Community Development Department will review and confirm the requirement is met during plan review.

You may provide more details in an attachment.

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Form Version 1 June 2020
Measure Name: Funding and membership in the TMA for TDM services Type of measure
☐ Design feature/assumed in baseline
✔ Condition of approval #: Required to be included as a Condition of Approval. ✔ Mitigation measure #: Mitigation Measure 4.3-2 (2)
Quantification method
✔ CAPCOA Guidance
☐ Traffic study
☐ Off-model calculation
☐ Air District staff guidance
✔ Air District CEQA Guide
☐ Other specify
Provide a brief description of measure and how it is valid to your project:

All the project land uses are non-residential, providing future employment opportunities. Each business will be required to join the North Natomas Jibe Transportation Management Association (TMA) or the Metro Air Park Property Owners Association, MAP Transportation Systems Management Committee (MAP TSMC), either through annual dues or through an assessment on the property. The North Natomas Jibe TMA or MAP TSMC will provide transportation demand management (TDM) services to the employees of the businesses located in the Airport South Industrial Park after consultation with the applicant and the City on the most efficient and effective TDM options for the proposed businesses.

The project applicant will coordinate with the City of Sacramento and the TMA or MAP TSMC to determine the appropriate funding mechanism.

Describe the enforcement mechanism for this measure.

Funding will be provided either through a property assessment that would be implemented through annexation into the Community Facilities District (CFD), or through a development agreement where fees are required to be paid to the TMA or MAP TSMC for services annually. The applicant and TMA or MAP TSMC shall meet and discuss TDM fees that will be required for TMA services needed prior to the project being annexed into the City. The applicant or its representative will coordinate with the TMA or MAP TSMC on a regular basis, at a minimum annually, to set TDM goals, evaluate if the services provided are effective, and determine if service modifications are needed. Proof of the established funding mechanism shall be provided to the City Community Development Department and the SMAQMD.

You may provide more details in an attachment.

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Form Version 1 June 2020
Measure Name: Zero emission forklifts
Type of measure
☐ Design feature/assumed in baseline
✔ Condition of approval #: Required to be included as a Condition of Approval ✔ Mitigation measure #: Mitigation Measure 4.3-2, (3)
Quantification method
✔ CAPCOA Guidance
☐ Traffic study
☐ Off-model calculation
☐ Air District staff guidance
✔ Air District CEQA Guide
✔ Other Targeted mobile NOx emissions that could be reduced using available technology.

Provide a brief description of measure and how it is valid to your project:

To reduce NOx emissions associated with the expected operation of diesel-powered forklifts in the industrial/warehouse land uses, the applicant will require the tenants to utilize zero emission forklifts.

Describe the enforcement mechanism for this measure.

The requirement to use zero emission forklifts will be included as a Condition of Approval on the project and included in lease and purchase agreements for the parcels/businesses. Documentation of the requirements contained in the lease/purchase agreements shall be provided to the City of Sacramento Community Development Department and the SMAQMD. Additionally, recordkeeping of forklift fleet information to demonstrate compliance shall also be provided to the City and SMAQMD.

You may provide more details in an attachment.

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Form Version 1 June 2020
Measure Name: Zero emission heavy-duty truck fleet
Type of measure
☐ Design feature/assumed in baseline
✔ Condition of approval #: Required to be included as a Condition of Approval ✔ Mitigation measure #: Mitigation Measure 4.3-2, (4)
Quantification method
✔ CAPCOA Guidance
☐ Traffic study
☐ Off-model calculation
☐ Air District staff guidance
✔ Air District CEQA Guide
✔ Other Targeted mobile NOx emissions that could be reduced using available technology.

Provide a brief description of measure and how it is valid to your project:

Diesel-powered heavy-duty truck fleets are expected to serve the 6.6 million square feet of industrial land uses proposed for the project. Emissions from the estimated truck fleet dominate the NOx emissions from the proposed project. With the California Air Resources Board’s Advanced Clean Fleet Regulation requiring the use of zero emission vehicles (trucks and buses) and the State’s 2045 carbon neutrality goal, vehicle fleet technologies are evolving to meet the regulation and carbon neutrality goal.

The project applicant will commit to requiring 4.5 percent of all heavy duty vehicles trips from the project to utilize zero emission heavy duty trucks by full buildout of the Annexation area.

Describe the enforcement mechanism for this measure.

The requirement to use zero emission trucks will be included as a Condition of Approval on the project and included in lease and purchase agreements for the parcels/businesses. Documentation of the requirements contained in the lease/purchase agreements shall be provided to the City of Sacramento Community Development Department and the SMAQMD. Additionally, recordkeeping of the heavy duty truck fleet information to demonstrate compliance shall also be provided to the City and SMAQMD. In the event that there is a disruption in the manufacturing of zero emission vehicles/trucks or that sufficient vehicles/trucks are not commercially available for the intended application, the “clean fleet requirements” may be adjusted as minimally as possible by the CDD to accommodate the manufacturing disruption or unavailability of commercially available vehicles/trucks You may provide more details in an attachment.

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Form Version 1 June 2020
Measure Name: Improve pedestrian network (SDT-1 in CalEEMod) Type of measure
☐ Design feature/assumed in baseline
✔ Condition of approval #: Required to be included as a Condition of Approval ✔ Mitigation measure #: Mitigation Measure 4.3-2 (5)
Quantification method
✔ CAPCOA Guidance
☐ Traffic study
☐ Off-model calculation
☐ Air District staff guidance
✔ Air District CEQA Guide
☐ Other specify
Provide a brief description of measure and how it is valid to your project:

The project shall provide complete sidewalks separated from roadway throughout the project site and pedestrian crossing at intersections onsite to ensure employees and visitors can walk between land uses/businesses. The project shall also connect the pedestrian network on-site to the adjacent properties off-site (including South Bayou Way, Power Line Road and potential future connections) as indicated on the preliminary site plan.

Describe the enforcement mechanism for this measure.

Pedestrian infrastructure shall be clearly shown on project site improvement plans that will be reviewed and approved by the City of Sacramento Community Development Department.

You may provide more details in an attachment.

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Form Version 1 June 2020
Measure Name: Provide EV Ready parking spaces at the ratio with which the current CalGreen Tier 2 standards require EV Capable spaces
Type of measure
☐ Design feature/assumed in baseline
✔ Condition of approval #: Required to be included as a Condition of Approval ✔ Mitigation measure #: Mitigation Measure 4.3-2 (6)
Quantification method
☐ CAPCOA Guidance
☐ Traffic study
✔ Off-model calculation
☐ Air District staff guidance
☐ Air District CEQA Guide
☐ Other specify
Provide a brief description of measure and how it is valid to your project:

The proposed project shall provide EV Ready parking spaces at the ratio with which the current CalGreen Tier 2 standards require EV Capable spaces. Given that the proposed project is anticipated to include a total of approximately 3,670 parking stalls, the project would be required to provide 1,652 EV Ready spaces, and 545 of the EV Ready spaces would be required to have EVSE, which are installed charging receptacles or permanently installed chargers.

Describe the enforcement mechanism for this measure.

EV Ready infrastructure shall be clearly shown on project site improvement plans that will be reviewed and approved by the City of Sacramento Community Development Department.

You may provide more details in an attachment.

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Form Version 1 June 2020
☒I have appended all relevant air quality and greenhouse gas calculations including modeling files (for example, CalEEMod files), hand calculations, etc. for review.

Submitted on 4/18/2024 to Sac Metro Air District / Land Use Jurisdiction Submitted by Rod Stinson, Raney Planning & Management
Electronic or written signature Rod Stinson

ATTACHMENTS
CalEEMod Baseline Annual Report
CalEEMod Mitigated Annual Report
Preliminary Project Site Plan
AQ35 Calculations
Off-Model EV Charging NOx Credit Calculations
Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual
Project Characteristics -
Land Use - Square footage and lot acreages adjusted per site plan.

Construction Phase - Phase timing adjusted per applicant-provided questionnaire.

Grading - Based on applicant provided AQ questionnaire.

Vehicle Trips - Baseline project w/o traffic study
Water Mitigation - Compliant with MWELO.

Operational Off-Road Equipment - Based on applicant provided AQ questionnaire.

1.1 Land Usage
Land Uses Size Metric Lot Acreage Floor Surface Area Population Industrial Park 6,609.30 1000sqft 318.60 6,609,300.00 0 Parking Lot 3,670.00 Space 33.03 1,468,000.00 0
Fast Food Restaurant with Drive Thru 16.70 1000sqft 6.40 16,700.00 0 Hotel 122.00 Room 4.00 73,400.00 0
Convenience Market with Gas Pumps 20.00 Pump 3.00 8,100.00 0

1.2 Other Project Characteristics
Urbanization
Climate Zone
Urban
6 Wind Speed (m/s) 3.5 Precipitation Freq (Days) 58

1.3 User Entered Comments & Non-Default Data

2.0 Emissions Summary
Table Name Column Name Default Value New Value
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 240.00 90.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 620.00 540.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 440.00 90.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 6,200.00 1,800.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 440.00 1,800.00
tblGrading MaterialImported 0.00 304,000.00
tblLandUse LandUseSquareFeet 177,144.00 73,400.00
tblLandUse LandUseSquareFeet 2,823.50 8,100.00
tblLandUse LotAcreage 151.73 318.60
tblLandUse LotAcreage 0.38 6.40
tblLandUse LotAcreage 4.07 4.00
tblLandUse LotAcreage 0.06 3.00
tblOperationalOffRoadEquipment OperDaysPerYear 260.00 300.00 tblOperationalOffRoadEquipment OperHoursPerDay 8.00 12.00 tblOperationalOffRoadEquipment OperOffRoadEquipmentNumber 0.00 121.00 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 2 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

2.1 Overall Construction
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Year tons/yr MT/yr
2023 0.1166 1.1849 0.8026 1.6900e0030.8541 0.0545 0.9086 0.4363 0.0501 0.4864 0.0000 148.3983 148.3983 0.0467 1.3000e004149.6037 2024 0.4511 5.6438 3.9609 0.0138 1.9477 0.1852 2.1329 0.5994 0.1708 0.7702 0.0000 1,278.185 8 1,278.185
8 0.2520 0.0881 1,310.747
9 2025 0.4085 5.0370 3.7848 0.0138 1.8507 0.1580 2.0087 0.5772 0.1457 0.7230 0.0000 1,273.812 0 1,273.812
0 0.2523 0.0873 1,306.126
2 2026 3.5099 6.8058 9.5165 0.0400 3.8050 0.1097 3.9147 0.9043 0.1030 1.0073 0.0000 3,814.916 1 3,814.916
1 0.1770 0.3082 3,911.196
0 2027 6.1411 10.2743 14.4108 0.0645 4.9720 0.1346 5.1067 1.3460 0.1274 1.4734 0.0000 6,201.521 4 6,201.521
4 0.2146 0.5124 6,359.575
6 2028 6.0469 10.0595 13.8708 0.0628 4.9529 0.1322 5.0851 1.3408 0.1251 1.4659 0.0000 6,057.688 0 6,057.688
0 0.2069 0.4989 6,211.534
1 2029 6.0014 9.9385 13.5023 0.0617 4.9719 0.1308 5.1027 1.3459 0.1238 1.4697 0.0000 5,970.370 6 5,970.370
6 0.2017 0.4903 6,121.505
4 2030 5.9232 9.1655 13.1563 0.0610 4.9718 0.0754 5.0472 1.3459 0.0726 1.4185 0.0000 5,911.176 0 5,911.176
0 0.1385 0.4808 6,057.902
3 2031 5.8608 9.0421 12.8510 0.0600 4.9717 0.0738 5.0455 1.3459 0.0711 1.4170 0.0000 5,822.435 0 5,822.435
0 0.1336 0.4724 5,966.546
7 2032 5.8260 8.9718 12.6404 0.0592 4.9907 0.0726 5.0633 1.3510 0.0700 1.4210 0.0000 5,766.526 1 5,766.526
1 0.1298 0.4669 5,908.920
9 2033 2.0321 2.8555 4.0409 0.0189 1.6253 0.0230 1.6483 0.4399 0.0222 0.4621 0.0000 1,844.667 8 1,844.667
8 0.0408 0.1481 1,889.808
5 Maximum 6.1411 10.2743 14.4108 0.0645 4.9907 0.1852 5.1067 1.3510 0.1708 1.4734 0.0000 6,201.521 4 6,201.521
4 0.2523 0.5124 6,359.575
6 Unmitigated Construction
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 3 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

2.1 Overall Construction
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Year tons/yr MT/yr
2023 0.1166 1.1849 0.8026 1.6900e0030.8541 0.0545 0.9086 0.4363 0.0501 0.4864 0.0000 148.3981 148.3981 0.0467 1.3000e004149.6035 2024 0.4511 5.6438 3.9609 0.0138 1.9477 0.1852 2.1329 0.5994 0.1708 0.7702 0.0000 1,278.184 9 1,278.184
9 0.2520 0.0881 1,310.747
0 2025 0.4085 5.0370 3.7848 0.0138 1.8507 0.1580 2.0087 0.5772 0.1457 0.7230 0.0000 1,273.811 2 1,273.811
2 0.2523 0.0873 1,306.125
4 2026 3.5099 6.8058 9.5165 0.0400 3.8050 0.1097 3.9147 0.9043 0.1030 1.0073 0.0000 3,814.915 6 3,814.915
6 0.1770 0.3082 3,911.195
6 2027 6.1411 10.2743 14.4108 0.0645 4.9720 0.1346 5.1067 1.3460 0.1274 1.4734 0.0000 6,201.521 0 6,201.521
0 0.2146 0.5124 6,359.575
2 2028 6.0469 10.0595 13.8708 0.0628 4.9529 0.1322 5.0851 1.3408 0.1251 1.4659 0.0000 6,057.687 6 6,057.687
6 0.2069 0.4989 6,211.533
7 2029 6.0014 9.9385 13.5023 0.0617 4.9719 0.1308 5.1027 1.3459 0.1238 1.4697 0.0000 5,970.370 2 5,970.370
2 0.2017 0.4903 6,121.505
0 2030 5.9232 9.1655 13.1563 0.0610 4.9718 0.0754 5.0472 1.3459 0.0726 1.4185 0.0000 5,911.175 5 5,911.175
5 0.1385 0.4808 6,057.901
8 2031 5.8608 9.0421 12.8510 0.0600 4.9717 0.0738 5.0455 1.3459 0.0711 1.4170 0.0000 5,822.434 5 5,822.434
5 0.1336 0.4724 5,966.546
3 2032 5.8260 8.9718 12.6404 0.0592 4.9907 0.0726 5.0633 1.3510 0.0700 1.4210 0.0000 5,766.525 6 5,766.525
6 0.1298 0.4669 5,908.920
4 2033 2.0321 2.8555 4.0409 0.0189 1.6253 0.0230 1.6483 0.4399 0.0222 0.4621 0.0000 1,844.667 7 1,844.667
7 0.0408 0.1481 1,889.808
4 Maximum 6.1411 10.2743 14.4108 0.0645 4.9907 0.1852 5.1067 1.3510 0.1708 1.4734 0.0000 6,201.521 0 6,201.521
0 0.2523 0.5124 6,359.575
2 Mitigated Construction
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio-CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N20 CO2e
Percent
Reduction

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 4 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Quarter Start Date End Date Maximum Unmitigated ROG + NOX (tons/quarter) Maximum Mitigated ROG + NOX (tons/quarter) 1 9-1-2023 11-30-2023 0.9839 0.9839
2 12-1-2023 2-29-2024 1.3182 1.3182
3 3-1-2024 5-31-2024 1.5267 1.5267
4 6-1-2024 8-31-2024 1.5175 1.5175
5 9-1-2024 11-30-2024 1.5191 1.5191
6 12-1-2024 2-28-2025 1.4045 1.4045
7 3-1-2025 5-31-2025 1.3608 1.3608
8 6-1-2025 8-31-2025 1.3519 1.3519
9 9-1-2025 11-30-2025 1.3548 1.3548
10 12-1-2025 2-28-2026 1.0085 1.0085
11 3-1-2026 5-31-2026 0.3456 0.3456
12 6-1-2026 8-31-2026 3.7873 3.7873
13 9-1-2026 11-30-2026 4.1927 4.1927
14 12-1-2026 2-28-2027 4.1425 4.1425
15 3-1-2027 5-31-2027 4.1190 4.1190
16 6-1-2027 8-31-2027 4.0736 4.0736
17 9-1-2027 11-30-2027 4.1188 4.1188
18 12-1-2027 2-29-2028 4.1207 4.1207
19 3-1-2028 5-31-2028 4.0560 4.0560
20 6-1-2028 8-31-2028 4.0112 4.0112
21 9-1-2028 11-30-2028 4.0557 4.0557
22 12-1-2028 2-28-2029 4.0157 4.0157
23 3-1-2029 5-31-2029 3.9974 3.9974
24 6-1-2029 8-31-2029 3.9532 3.9532
25 9-1-2029 11-30-2029 3.9972 3.9972
26 12-1-2029 2-28-2030 3.8570 3.8570
27 3-1-2030 5-31-2030 3.7820 3.7820
28 6-1-2030 8-31-2030 3.7381 3.7381
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 5 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 29 9-1-2030 11-30-2030 3.7838 3.7838
30 12-1-2030 2-28-2031 3.7532 3.7532
31 3-1-2031 5-31-2031 3.7341 3.7341
32 6-1-2031 8-31-2031 3.6905 3.6905
33 9-1-2031 11-30-2031 3.7362 3.7362
34 12-1-2031 2-29-2032 3.7511 3.7511
35 3-1-2032 5-31-2032 3.6922 3.6922
36 6-1-2032 8-31-2032 3.6486 3.6486
37 9-1-2032 11-30-2032 3.6948 3.6948
38 12-1-2032 2-28-2033 3.6733 3.6733
39 3-1-2033 5-31-2033 2.5485 2.5485
Highest 4.1927 4.1927
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 6 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

2.2 Overall Operational
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Area 29.4325 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Energy 0.4939 4.4900 3.7716 0.0269 0.3412 0.3412 0.3412 0.3412 0.0000 20,126.42 26 20,126.42
26 1.4984 0.2599 20,241.32
88 Mobile 10.1826 10.6871 86.3978 0.1667 21.5096 0.1104 21.6200 5.7459 0.1031 5.8490 0.0000 16,537.49 57 16,537.49
57 1.1929 0.8487 16,820.22
78 Offroad 2.4188 13.2905 32.4699 0.0513 0.1795 0.1795 0.1795 0.1795 0.0000 4,406.403 4 4,406.403
4 0.1938 0.0000 4,411.249
4 Waste 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1,716.227
7 0.0000 1,716.227
7 101.4262 0.0000 4,251.881
5 Water 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 543.7129 1,243.793
6 1,787.506
5 1.9861 1.1963 2,193.654
1 Total 42.5278 28.4689 122.7719 0.2449 21.5096 0.6316 22.1412 5.7459 0.6243 6.3702 2,259.940 6 42,314.37
42 44,574.31
48 106.2981 2.3049 47,918.61
73 Unmitigated Operational
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 7 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

2.2 Overall Operational
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Area 29.4325 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Energy 0.4939 4.4900 3.7716 0.0269 0.3412 0.3412 0.3412 0.3412 0.0000 20,126.42 26 20,126.42
26 1.4984 0.2599 20,241.32
88 Mobile 10.1826 10.6871 86.3978 0.1667 21.5096 0.1104 21.6200 5.7459 0.1031 5.8490 0.0000 16,537.49 57 16,537.49
57 1.1929 0.8487 16,820.22
78 Offroad 2.4188 13.2905 32.4699 0.0513 0.1795 0.1795 0.1795 0.1795 0.0000 4,406.403 4 4,406.403
4 0.1938 0.0000 4,411.249
4 Waste 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1,716.227
7 0.0000 1,716.227
7 101.4262 0.0000 4,251.881
5 Water 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 543.7129 1,243.703
1 1,787.416
0 1.9861 1.1963 2,193.563
2 Total 42.5278 28.4689 122.7719 0.2449 21.5096 0.6316 22.1412 5.7459 0.6243 6.3702 2,259.940 6 42,314.28
38 44,574.22
44 106.2981 2.3049 47,918.52
64 Mitigated Operational

3.0 Construction Detail
Construction Phase
Phase
Number
Phase Name Phase Type Start Date End Date Num Days
Week
Num Days Phase Description
1 Site Preparation Site Preparation 9/1/2023 1/4/2024 5 90 2 Grading Grading 1/5/2024 1/29/2026 5 540
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio-CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N20 CO2e
Percent
Reduction

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 8 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 3 Paving Paving 1/30/2026 6/4/2026 5 90
4 Building Construction Building Construction 6/5/2026 4/28/2033 5 1800 5 Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 6/19/2026 5/12/2033 5 1800 OffRoad Equipment
Phase Name Offroad Equipment Type Amount Usage Hours Horse Power Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers 3 8.00 247 0.40
Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 4 8.00 97 0.37 Grading Excavators 2 8.00 158 0.38
Grading Graders 1 8.00 187 0.41
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers 1 8.00 247 0.40
Grading Scrapers 2 8.00 367 0.48
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 2 8.00 97 0.37
Paving Pavers 2 8.00 130 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment 2 8.00 132 0.36
Paving Rollers 2 8.00 80 0.38
Building Construction Cranes 1 7.00 231 0.29
Building Construction Forklifts 3 8.00 89 0.20
Building Construction Generator Sets 1 8.00 84 0.74
Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 3 7.00 97 0.37 Building Construction Welders 1 8.00 46 0.45
Architectural Coating Air Compressors 1 6.00 78 0.48
Residential Indoor: 0; Residential Outdoor: 0; Non-Residential Indoor: 10,061,250; Non-Residential Outdoor: 3,353,750; Striped Parking Area:
88,080 (Architectural Coating – sqft)
Acres of Grading (Site Preparation Phase): 135
Acres of Grading (Grading Phase): 1620
Acres of Paving: 33.03
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 9 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.1 Mitigation Measures Construction
Trips and VMT
Phase Name Offroad Equipment
Count
Worker Trip
Number
Vendor Trip
Number
Hauling Trip
Number
Worker Trip
Length
Vendor Trip
Length
Hauling Trip
Length
Worker Vehicle
Class
Vendor
Vehicle Class
Hauling
Vehicle Class
Site Preparation 7 18.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 6.50 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT Grading 8 20.00 0.00 38,000.00 10.00 6.50 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT Paving 6 15.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 6.50 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT Building Construction 9 3,433.00 1,340.00 0.00 10.00 6.50 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT Architectural Coating 1 687.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 6.50 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 10 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.2 Site Preparation - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 2.2200e0031.3700e0030.0180 5.0000e0055.6800e0033.0000e0055.7100e0031.5100e0033.0000e0051.5400e0030.0000 4.5603 4.5603 1.4000e0041.3000e0044.6027 Total 2.2200e0031.3700e0030.0180 5.0000e0055.6800e0033.0000e0055.7100e0031.5100e0033.0000e0051.5400e0030.0000 4.5603 4.5603 1.4000e0041.3000e0044.6027 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 0.8484 0.0000 0.8484 0.4348 0.0000 0.4348 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.1144 1.1835 0.7845 1.6400e0030.0544 0.0544 0.0501 0.0501 0.0000 143.8378 143.8378 0.0465 0.0000 145.0008 Total 0.1144 1.1835 0.7845 1.6400e0030.8484 0.0544 0.9029 0.4348 0.0501 0.4848 0.0000 143.8378 143.8378 0.0465 0.0000 145.0008 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 11 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.2 Site Preparation - 2024
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 1.0000e0046.0000e0057.8000e0040.0000 2.6000e0040.0000 2.7000e0047.0000e0050.0000 7.0000e0050.0000 0.2068 0.2068 1.0000e0051.0000e0050.2086 Total 1.0000e0046.0000e0057.8000e0040.0000 2.6000e0040.0000 2.7000e0047.0000e0050.0000 7.0000e0050.0000 0.2068 0.2068 1.0000e0051.0000e0050.2086 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 0.1077 0.0000 0.1077 0.0276 0.0000 0.0276 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 5.3200e0030.0544 0.0367 8.0000e0052.4600e0032.4600e0032.2600e0032.2600e0030.0000 6.6914 6.6914 2.1600e0030.0000 6.7455 Total 5.3200e0030.0544 0.0367 8.0000e0050.1077 2.4600e0030.1102 0.0276 2.2600e0030.0299 0.0000 6.6914 6.6914 2.1600e0030.0000 6.7455 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 13 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.3 Grading - 2024
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 1.6673 0.0000 1.6673 0.5245 0.0000 0.5245 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.4151 4.1766 3.5762 8.0100e0030.1723 0.1723 0.1585 0.1585 0.0000 703.3019 703.3019 0.2275 0.0000 708.9884 Total 0.4151 4.1766 3.5762 8.0100e0031.6673 0.1723 1.8396 0.5245 0.1585 0.6830 0.0000 703.3019 703.3019 0.2275 0.0000 708.9884 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 14 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.3 Grading - 2024
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0236 1.4087 0.2912 5.5800e0030.1535 0.0104 0.1639 0.0422 9.9600e0030.0521 0.0000 553.1643 553.1643 0.0220 0.0877 579.8526 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 6.9200e0034.0700e0030.0560 1.6000e0040.0190 1.0000e0040.0190 5.0400e0039.0000e0055.1300e0030.0000 14.8214 14.8214 4.4000e0044.0000e00414.9527 Total 0.0305 1.4128 0.3472 5.7400e0030.1724 0.0105 0.1829 0.0472 0.0101 0.0573 0.0000 567.9857 567.9857 0.0224 0.0881 594.8053 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 1.6673 0.0000 1.6673 0.5245 0.0000 0.5245 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.4151 4.1766 3.5762 8.0100e0030.1723 0.1723 0.1585 0.1585 0.0000 703.3010 703.3010 0.2275 0.0000 708.9876 Total 0.4151 4.1766 3.5762 8.0100e0031.6673 0.1723 1.8396 0.5245 0.1585 0.6830 0.0000 703.3010 703.3010 0.2275 0.0000 708.9876 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 15 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.3 Grading - 2025
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 1.6763 0.0000 1.6763 0.5295 0.0000 0.5295 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.3786 3.6466 3.4362 8.1000e0030.1476 0.1476 0.1358 0.1358 0.0000 711.3061 711.3061 0.2301 0.0000 717.0573 Total 0.3786 3.6466 3.4362 8.1000e0031.6763 0.1476 1.8239 0.5295 0.1358 0.6653 0.0000 711.3061 711.3061 0.2301 0.0000 717.0573 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 16 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.3 Grading - 2025
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0233 1.3867 0.2956 5.5300e0030.1552 0.0103 0.1656 0.0426 9.8800e0030.0525 0.0000 547.8748 547.8748 0.0219 0.0869 574.3139 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 6.5700e0033.7000e0030.0530 1.5000e0040.0192 9.0000e0050.0193 5.1000e0039.0000e0055.1800e0030.0000 14.6312 14.6312 4.0000e0043.8000e00414.7550 Total 0.0299 1.3904 0.3486 5.6800e0030.1744 0.0104 0.1848 0.0477 9.9700e0030.0577 0.0000 562.5060 562.5060 0.0223 0.0873 589.0689 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 1.6763 0.0000 1.6763 0.5295 0.0000 0.5295 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.3786 3.6465 3.4362 8.1000e0030.1476 0.1476 0.1358 0.1358 0.0000 711.3052 711.3052 0.2301 0.0000 717.0565 Total 0.3786 3.6465 3.4362 8.1000e0031.6763 0.1476 1.8239 0.5295 0.1358 0.6653 0.0000 711.3052 711.3052 0.2301 0.0000 717.0565 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 17 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.3 Grading - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 0.9537 0.0000 0.9537 0.1323 0.0000 0.1323 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0305 0.2934 0.2765 6.5000e0040.0119 0.0119 0.0109 0.0109 0.0000 57.2315 57.2315 0.0185 0.0000 57.6943 Total 0.0305 0.2934 0.2765 6.5000e0040.9537 0.0119 0.9655 0.1323 0.0109 0.1432 0.0000 57.2315 57.2315 0.0185 0.0000 57.6943 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 18 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.3 Grading - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 1.8300e0030.1085 0.0238 4.4000e0040.0125 8.1000e0040.0133 3.4300e0037.8000e0044.2000e0030.0000 43.1539 43.1539 1.7300e0036.8400e00345.2367 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 5.0000e0042.7000e0044.0100e0031.0000e0051.5400e0031.0000e0051.5500e0034.1000e0041.0000e0054.2000e0040.0000 1.1493 1.1493 3.0000e0053.0000e0051.1586 Total 2.3300e0030.1088 0.0278 4.5000e0040.0140 8.2000e0040.0149 3.8400e0037.9000e0044.6200e0030.0000 44.3032 44.3032 1.7600e0036.8700e00346.3953 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 0.9537 0.0000 0.9537 0.1323 0.0000 0.1323 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0305 0.2934 0.2765 6.5000e0040.0119 0.0119 0.0109 0.0109 0.0000 57.2315 57.2315 0.0185 0.0000 57.6942 Total 0.0305 0.2934 0.2765 6.5000e0040.9537 0.0119 0.9655 0.1323 0.0109 0.1432 0.0000 57.2315 57.2315 0.0185 0.0000 57.6942 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 19 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.4 Paving - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.0412 0.3862 0.6560 1.0300e0030.0188 0.0188 0.0173 0.0173 0.0000 90.0867 90.0867 0.0291 0.0000 90.8150 Paving 0.0433 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total 0.0845 0.3862 0.6560 1.0300e0030.0188 0.0188 0.0173 0.0173 0.0000 90.0867 90.0867 0.0291 0.0000 90.8150 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 20 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.4 Paving - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 1.6000e0038.7000e0040.0129 4.0000e0054.9600e0032.0000e0054.9800e0031.3200e0032.0000e0051.3400e0030.0000 3.6941 3.6941 9.0000e0059.0000e0053.7242 Total 1.6000e0038.7000e0040.0129 4.0000e0054.9600e0032.0000e0054.9800e0031.3200e0032.0000e0051.3400e0030.0000 3.6941 3.6941 9.0000e0059.0000e0053.7242 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.0412 0.3862 0.6560 1.0300e0030.0188 0.0188 0.0173 0.0173 0.0000 90.0865 90.0865 0.0291 0.0000 90.8149 Paving 0.0433 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total 0.0845 0.3862 0.6560 1.0300e0030.0188 0.0188 0.0173 0.0173 0.0000 90.0865 90.0865 0.0291 0.0000 90.8149 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 21 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1026 0.9352 1.2064 2.0200e0030.0396 0.0396 0.0372 0.0372 0.0000 173.9396 173.9396 0.0409 0.0000 174.9618 Total 0.1026 0.9352 1.2064 2.0200e0030.0396 0.0396 0.0372 0.0372 0.0000 173.9396 173.9396 0.0409 0.0000 174.9618 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 22 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1166 4.6087 1.3697 0.0180 0.5881 0.0246 0.6127 0.1700 0.0235 0.1935 0.0000 1,755.522 9 1,755.522
9 0.0428 0.2591 1,833.815
4 Worker 0.6118 0.3307 4.9214 0.0148 1.8910 8.7600e0031.8998 0.5029 8.0700e0030.5110 0.0000 1,409.083 2 1,409.083
2 0.0361 0.0355 1,420.566
0 Total 0.7284 4.9394 6.2911 0.0328 2.4791 0.0333 2.5125 0.6729 0.0316 0.7045 0.0000 3,164.606 1 3,164.606
1 0.0789 0.2947 3,254.381
4 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1026 0.9352 1.2064 2.0200e0030.0396 0.0396 0.0372 0.0372 0.0000 173.9394 173.9394 0.0409 0.0000 174.9616 Total 0.1026 0.9352 1.2064 2.0200e0030.0396 0.0396 0.0372 0.0372 0.0000 173.9394 173.9394 0.0409 0.0000 174.9616 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 23 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2027
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1785 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6549 302.6549 0.0711 0.0000 304.4335 Total 0.1785 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6549 302.6549 0.0711 0.0000 304.4335 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 24 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2027
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1962 7.8667 2.3420 0.0307 1.0233 0.0418 1.0650 0.2958 0.0400 0.3357 0.0000 2,989.122 2 2,989.122
2 0.0725 0.4421 3,122.668
2 Worker 1.0054 0.5256 8.1106 0.0250 3.2903 0.0144 3.3048 0.8751 0.0133 0.8884 0.0000 2,396.787 5 2,396.787
5 0.0576 0.0586 2,415.689
2 Total 1.2016 8.3923 10.4526 0.0556 4.3136 0.0562 4.3698 1.1709 0.0532 1.2241 0.0000 5,385.909 7 5,385.909
7 0.1301 0.5007 5,538.357
4 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1784 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6545 302.6545 0.0711 0.0000 304.4331 Total 0.1784 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6545 302.6545 0.0711 0.0000 304.4331 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 25 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2028
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1778 1.6211 2.0910 3.5000e0030.0686 0.0686 0.0645 0.0645 0.0000 301.4953 301.4953 0.0709 0.0000 303.2671 Total 0.1778 1.6211 2.0910 3.5000e0030.0686 0.0686 0.0645 0.0645 0.0000 301.4953 301.4953 0.0709 0.0000 303.2671 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 26 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2028
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1897 7.7102 2.3000 0.0299 1.0193 0.0407 1.0600 0.2946 0.0390 0.3335 0.0000 2,916.525 6 2,916.525
6 0.0708 0.4320 3,047.032
4 Worker 0.9475 0.4828 7.7031 0.0242 3.2777 0.0135 3.2912 0.8718 0.0124 0.8842 0.0000 2,338.502 0 2,338.502
0 0.0529 0.0558 2,356.435
4 Total 1.1372 8.1929 10.0031 0.0541 4.2970 0.0542 4.3512 1.1664 0.0514 1.2177 0.0000 5,255.027 5 5,255.027
5 0.1237 0.4878 5,403.467
8 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1778 1.6211 2.0910 3.5000e0030.0686 0.0686 0.0645 0.0645 0.0000 301.4949 301.4949 0.0709 0.0000 303.2667 Total 0.1778 1.6211 2.0910 3.5000e0030.0686 0.0686 0.0645 0.0645 0.0000 301.4949 301.4949 0.0709 0.0000 303.2667 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 27 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2029
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1785 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6549 302.6549 0.0711 0.0000 304.4335 Total 0.1785 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6549 302.6549 0.0711 0.0000 304.4335 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 28 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2029
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1850 7.6218 2.2800 0.0295 1.0231 0.0400 1.0631 0.2957 0.0383 0.3340 0.0000 2,870.300 1 2,870.300
1 0.0698 0.4258 2,998.919
1 Worker 0.8983 0.4499 7.4053 0.0236 3.2903 0.0127 3.3030 0.8751 0.0117 0.8868 0.0000 2,303.189 4 2,303.189
4 0.0491 0.0537 2,320.430
9 Total 1.0834 8.0717 9.6853 0.0531 4.3134 0.0527 4.3661 1.1708 0.0500 1.2208 0.0000 5,173.489 5 5,173.489
5 0.1189 0.4795 5,319.350
0 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1784 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6545 302.6545 0.0711 0.0000 304.4331 Total 0.1784 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6545 302.6545 0.0711 0.0000 304.4331 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 29 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2030
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0336 343.0336 0.0138 0.0000 343.3777 Total 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0336 343.0336 0.0138 0.0000 343.3777 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 30 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2030
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1801 7.5133 2.2570 0.0289 1.0230 0.0392 1.0622 0.2957 0.0375 0.3332 0.0000 2,817.533 3 2,817.533
3 0.0687 0.4185 2,943.957
7 Worker 0.8479 0.4207 7.1295 0.0231 3.2903 0.0119 3.3022 0.8751 0.0109 0.8861 0.0000 2,264.187 7 2,264.187
7 0.0456 0.0519 2,280.789
6 Total 1.0280 7.9341 9.3865 0.0520 4.3133 0.0511 4.3644 1.1708 0.0484 1.2192 0.0000 5,081.721 0 5,081.721
0 0.1143 0.4704 5,224.747
3 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0332 343.0332 0.0138 0.0000 343.3773 Total 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0332 343.0332 0.0138 0.0000 343.3773 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 31 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2031
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0336 343.0336 0.0138 0.0000 343.3777 Total 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0336 343.0336 0.0138 0.0000 343.3777 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 32 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2031
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1760 7.4201 2.2411 0.0284 1.0230 0.0385 1.0614 0.2956 0.0368 0.3324 0.0000 2,770.387 0 2,770.387
0 0.0676 0.4120 2,894.849
2 Worker 0.7994 0.3957 6.8884 0.0226 3.2903 0.0111 3.3015 0.8751 0.0102 0.8854 0.0000 2,229.528 9 2,229.528
9 0.0424 0.0503 2,245.587
2 Total 0.9754 7.8157 9.1294 0.0510 4.3133 0.0496 4.3629 1.1708 0.0470 1.2178 0.0000 4,999.915 8 4,999.915
8 0.1100 0.4623 5,140.436
3 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0332 343.0332 0.0138 0.0000 343.3773 Total 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0332 343.0332 0.0138 0.0000 343.3773 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 33 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2032
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1715 1.0394 2.1166 4.0600e0030.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0000 344.3479 344.3479 0.0138 0.0000 344.6933 Total 0.1715 1.0394 2.1166 4.0600e0030.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0000 344.3479 344.3479 0.0138 0.0000 344.6933 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 34 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2032
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1731 7.3683 2.2393 0.0281 1.0268 0.0380 1.0648 0.2968 0.0363 0.3331 0.0000 2,739.388 0 2,739.388
0 0.0669 0.4079 2,862.599
5 Worker 0.7577 0.3765 6.7069 0.0222 3.3029 0.0105 3.3134 0.8785 9.6300e0030.8881 0.0000 2,207.571 1 2,207.571
1 0.0398 0.0492 2,223.239
6 Total 0.9308 7.7449 8.9461 0.0503 4.3298 0.0484 4.3782 1.1752 0.0460 1.2212 0.0000 4,946.959 1 4,946.959
1 0.1067 0.4571 5,085.839
1 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1715 1.0394 2.1166 4.0600e0030.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0000 344.3475 344.3475 0.0138 0.0000 344.6929 Total 0.1715 1.0394 2.1166 4.0600e0030.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0000 344.3475 344.3475 0.0138 0.0000 344.6929 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 35 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2033
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.0550 0.3333 0.6786 1.3000e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0030.0000 110.4016 110.4016 4.4300e0030.0000 110.5124 Total 0.0550 0.3333 0.6786 1.3000e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0030.0000 110.4016 110.4016 4.4300e0030.0000 110.5124 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 36 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2033
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0546 2.3407 0.7157 8.8900e0030.3292 0.0120 0.3412 0.0951 0.0115 0.1066 0.0000 866.4768 866.4768 0.0212 0.1291 905.4907 Worker 0.2305 0.1154 2.0934 7.0000e0031.0590 3.1500e0031.0621 0.2817 2.9000e0030.2846 0.0000 699.2084 699.2084 0.0120 0.0155 704.1138 Total 0.2851 2.4561 2.8091 0.0159 1.3882 0.0152 1.4033 0.3768 0.0144 0.3912 0.0000 1,565.685 2 1,565.685
2 0.0332 0.1446 1,609.604
5 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.0550 0.3333 0.6786 1.3000e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0030.0000 110.4015 110.4015 4.4300e0030.0000 110.5122 Total 0.0550 0.3333 0.6786 1.3000e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0030.0000 110.4015 110.4015 4.4300e0030.0000 110.5122 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 37 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.1143 0.0618 0.9192 2.7600e0030.3532 1.6400e0030.3548 0.0939 1.5100e0030.0954 0.0000 263.1821 263.1821 6.7400e0036.6300e003265.3268 Total 0.1143 0.0618 0.9192 2.7600e0030.3532 1.6400e0030.3548 0.0939 1.5100e0030.0954 0.0000 263.1821 263.1821 6.7400e0036.6300e003265.3268 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 2.4339 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0120 0.0802 0.1266 2.1000e0043.6100e0033.6100e0033.6100e0033.6100e0030.0000 17.8728 17.8728 9.7000e0040.0000 17.8971 Total 2.4459 0.0802 0.1266 2.1000e0043.6100e0033.6100e0033.6100e0033.6100e0030.0000 17.8728 17.8728 9.7000e0040.0000 17.8971 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 39 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2027
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.2012 0.1052 1.6231 4.9900e0030.6585 2.8900e0030.6613 0.1751 2.6600e0030.1778 0.0000 479.6368 479.6368 0.0115 0.0117 483.4193 Total 0.2012 0.1052 1.6231 4.9900e0030.6585 2.8900e0030.6613 0.1751 2.6600e0030.1778 0.0000 479.6368 479.6368 0.0115 0.0117 483.4193 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 4.5375 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0223 0.1495 0.2361 3.9000e0046.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.8200e0030.0000 33.3654 Total 4.5598 0.1495 0.2361 3.9000e0046.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.8200e0030.0000 33.3654 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 41 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2028
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.1896 0.0966 1.5415 4.8400e0030.6559 2.7000e0030.6586 0.1745 2.4800e0030.1769 0.0000 467.9729 467.9729 0.0106 0.0112 471.5617 Total 0.1896 0.0966 1.5415 4.8400e0030.6559 2.7000e0030.6586 0.1745 2.4800e0030.1769 0.0000 467.9729 467.9729 0.0106 0.0112 471.5617 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 4.5202 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0222 0.1489 0.2352 3.9000e0046.7000e0036.7000e0036.7000e0036.7000e0030.0000 33.1923 33.1923 1.8100e0030.0000 33.2375 Total 4.5424 0.1489 0.2352 3.9000e0046.7000e0036.7000e0036.7000e0036.7000e0030.0000 33.1923 33.1923 1.8100e0030.0000 33.2375 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 43 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2029
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.1798 0.0900 1.4819 4.7300e0030.6585 2.5400e0030.6610 0.1751 2.3400e0030.1775 0.0000 460.9062 460.9062 9.8200e0030.0108 464.3565 Total 0.1798 0.0900 1.4819 4.7300e0030.6585 2.5400e0030.6610 0.1751 2.3400e0030.1775 0.0000 460.9062 460.9062 9.8200e0030.0108 464.3565 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 4.5375 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0223 0.1495 0.2361 3.9000e0046.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.8200e0030.0000 33.3654 Total 4.5598 0.1495 0.2361 3.9000e0046.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.8200e0030.0000 33.3654 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 45 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2030
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.1697 0.0842 1.4267 4.6200e0030.6585 2.3800e0030.6608 0.1751 2.1900e0030.1773 0.0000 453.1014 453.1014 9.1200e0030.0104 456.4237 Total 0.1697 0.0842 1.4267 4.6200e0030.6585 2.3800e0030.6608 0.1751 2.1900e0030.1773 0.0000 453.1014 453.1014 9.1200e0030.0104 456.4237 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 4.5375 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0171 0.1117 0.2346 3.9000e0042.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.3500e0030.0000 33.3536 Total 4.5546 0.1117 0.2346 3.9000e0042.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.3500e0030.0000 33.3536 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 47 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2031
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.1600 0.0792 1.3785 4.5200e0030.6585 2.2300e0030.6607 0.1751 2.0500e0030.1772 0.0000 446.1656 446.1656 8.4900e0030.0101 449.3791 Total 0.1600 0.0792 1.3785 4.5200e0030.6585 2.2300e0030.6607 0.1751 2.0500e0030.1772 0.0000 446.1656 446.1656 8.4900e0030.0101 449.3791 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 4.5375 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0171 0.1117 0.2346 3.9000e0042.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.3500e0030.0000 33.3536 Total 4.5546 0.1117 0.2346 3.9000e0042.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.3500e0030.0000 33.3536 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 49 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2032
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.1516 0.0754 1.3422 4.4500e0030.6610 2.0900e0030.6631 0.1758 1.9300e0030.1777 0.0000 441.7714 441.7714 7.9600e0039.8500e003444.9070 Total 0.1516 0.0754 1.3422 4.4500e0030.6610 2.0900e0030.6631 0.1758 1.9300e0030.1777 0.0000 441.7714 441.7714 7.9600e0039.8500e003444.9070 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 4.5549 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0171 0.1122 0.2355 3.9000e0042.6600e0032.6600e0032.6600e0032.6600e0030.0000 33.4476 33.4476 1.3500e0030.0000 33.4814 Total 4.5721 0.1122 0.2355 3.9000e0042.6600e0032.6600e0032.6600e0032.6600e0030.0000 33.4476 33.4476 1.3500e0030.0000 33.4814 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 51 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2033
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.0516 0.0259 0.4688 1.5700e0030.2371 7.1000e0040.2379 0.0631 6.5000e0040.0637 0.0000 156.5807 156.5807 2.6800e0033.4600e003157.6792 Total 0.0516 0.0259 0.4688 1.5700e0030.2371 7.1000e0040.2379 0.0631 6.5000e0040.0637 0.0000 156.5807 156.5807 2.6800e0033.4600e003157.6792 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 1.6342 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 6.1500e0030.0403 0.0845 1.4000e0049.5000e0049.5000e0049.5000e0049.5000e0040.0000 12.0003 12.0003 4.9000e0040.0000 12.0124 Total 1.6404 0.0403 0.0845 1.4000e0049.5000e0049.5000e0049.5000e0049.5000e0040.0000 12.0003 12.0003 4.9000e0040.0000 12.0124 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 53 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

4.0 Operational Detail - Mobile

4.1 Mitigation Measures Mobile
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 54 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Mitigated 10.1826 10.6871 86.3978 0.1667 21.5096 0.1104 21.6200 5.7459 0.1031 5.8490 0.0000 16,537.49 57 16,537.49
57 1.1929 0.8487 16,820.22
78 Unmitigated 10.1826 10.6871 86.3978 0.1667 21.5096 0.1104 21.6200 5.7459 0.1031 5.8490 0.0000 16,537.49 57 16,537.49
57 1.1929 0.8487 16,820.22
78 4.2 Trip Summary Information

4.3 Trip Type Information
Average Daily Trip Rate Unmitigated Mitigated
Land Use Weekday Saturday Sunday Annual VMT Annual VMT
Convenience Market with Gas Pumps 6,450.00 6,450.00 6450.00 2,559,249 2,559,249 Fast Food Restaurant with Drive Thru 7,864.87 10,289.20 7892.09 5,674,939 5,674,939 Hotel 1,019.92 999.18 725.90 1,499,781 1,499,781
Industrial Park 22,273.34 16,787.62 8195.53 48,379,487 48,379,487 Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 37,608.13 34,526.01 23,263.52 58,113,455 58,113,455 Miles Trip % Trip Purpose %
Land Use H-W or C-W H-S or C-C H-O or C-NW H-W or C-W H-S or C-C H-O or C-NW Primary Diverted Pass-by Convenience Market with Gas
Pumps

10.00 5.00 6.50 0.80 80.20 19.00 14 21 65
Fast Food Restaurant with Drive
Thru

10.00 5.00 6.50 2.20 78.80 19.00 29 21 50
Hotel 10.00 5.00 6.50 19.40 61.60 19.00 58 38 4
Industrial Park 10.00 5.00 6.50 59.00 28.00 13.00 79 19 2 Parking Lot 10.00 5.00 6.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 0

4.4 Fleet Mix
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 55 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Land Use LDA LDT1 LDT2 MDV LHD1 LHD2 MHD HHD OBUS UBUS MCY SBUS MH Convenience Market with Gas
Pumps

0.567036 0.055979 0.181238 0.119180 0.019685 0.005252 0.013298 0.009451 0.000749 0.000688 0.024235 0.000780 0.002428 Fast Food Restaurant with Drive
Thru

0.567036 0.055979 0.181238 0.119180 0.019685 0.005252 0.013298 0.009451 0.000749 0.000688 0.024235 0.000780 0.002428 Hotel 0.567036 0.055979 0.181238 0.119180 0.019685 0.005252 0.013298 0.009451 0.000749 0.000688 0.024235 0.000780 0.002428 Industrial Park 0.567036 0.055979 0.181238 0.119180 0.019685 0.005252 0.013298 0.009451 0.000749 0.000688 0.024235 0.000780 0.002428 Parking Lot 0.567036 0.055979 0.181238 0.119180 0.019685 0.005252 0.013298 0.009451 0.000749 0.000688 0.024235 0.000780 0.002428

5.0 Energy Detail
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Electricity
Mitigated

0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 15,238.47
04 15,238.47
04 1.4047 0.1703 15,324.33
00 Electricity
Unmitigated

0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 15,238.47
04 15,238.47
04 1.4047 0.1703 15,324.33
00 NaturalGas
Mitigated

0.4939 4.4900 3.7716 0.0269 0.3412 0.3412 0.3412 0.3412 0.0000 4,887.952 2 4,887.952
2 0.0937 0.0896 4,916.998
8 NaturalGas
Unmitigated

0.4939 4.4900 3.7716 0.0269 0.3412 0.3412 0.3412 0.3412 0.0000 4,887.952 2 4,887.952
2 0.0937 0.0896 4,916.998
8 5.1 Mitigation Measures Energy
Historical Energy Use: N
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 56 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

5.2 Energy by Land Use - NaturalGas
NaturalGa
s Use
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use kBTU/yr tons/yr MT/yr
Convenience
Market with Gas
Pumps
43497 2.3000e0042.1300e0031.7900e0031.0000e0051.6000e0041.6000e0041.6000e0041.6000e0040.0000 2.3212 2.3212 4.0000e0054.0000e0052.3350 Fast Food
Restaurant with
Drive Thru

2.95774e
+006

0.0160 0.1450 0.1218 8.7000e0040.0110 0.0110 0.0110 0.0110 0.0000 157.8361 157.8361 3.0300e0032.8900e003158.7741 Hotel 2.80682e
+006

0.0151 0.1376 0.1156 8.3000e0040.0105 0.0105 0.0105 0.0105 0.0000 149.7824 149.7824 2.8700e0032.7500e003150.6725 Industrial Park 8.57887e
+007

0.4626 4.2053 3.5325 0.0252 0.3196 0.3196 0.3196 0.3196 0.0000 4,578.012 5 4,578.012
5 0.0878 0.0839 4,605.217
3 Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total 0.4939 4.4900 3.7716 0.0269 0.3413 0.3413 0.3413 0.3413 0.0000 4,887.952 2 4,887.952
2 0.0937 0.0896 4,916.998
8 Unmitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 57 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

2.95774e
+006

0.0160 0.1450 0.1218 8.7000e0040.0110 0.0110 0.0110 0.0110 0.0000 157.8361 157.8361 3.0300e0032.8900e003158.7741 Hotel 2.80682e
+006

0.0151 0.1376 0.1156 8.3000e0040.0105 0.0105 0.0105 0.0105 0.0000 149.7824 149.7824 2.8700e0032.7500e003150.6725 Industrial Park 8.57887e
+007

0.4626 4.2053 3.5325 0.0252 0.3196 0.3196 0.3196 0.3196 0.0000 4,578.012 5 4,578.012
5 0.0878 0.0839 4,605.217
3 Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total 0.4939 4.4900 3.7716 0.0269 0.3413 0.3413 0.3413 0.3413 0.0000 4,887.952 2 4,887.952
2 0.0937 0.0896 4,916.998
8 Mitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 58 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

6.1 Mitigation Measures Area

6.0 Area Detail

5.3 Energy by Land Use - Electricity
Electricity
Use
Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use kWh/yr MT/yr
Convenience
Market with Gas
Pumps
90882 14.7572 1.3600e0031.6000e00414.8403
Fast Food
Restaurant with
Drive Thru
680859 110.5558 0.0102 1.2400e003111.1788
Hotel 691428 112.2720 0.0104 1.2500e003112.9046
Industrial Park 9.18693e
+007
14,917.45
61 1.3752 0.1667 15,001.50
70 Parking Lot 513800 83.4293 7.6900e0039.3000e00483.8994 Total 15,238.47
04 1.4047 0.1703 15,324.33
00 Mitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 60 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Mitigated 29.4325 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Unmitigated 29.4325 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758

6.2 Area by SubCategory
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
SubCategory tons/yr MT/yr
Architectural
Coating

3.1293 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Consumer
Products

26.2910 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Landscaping 0.0121 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Total 29.4325 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Unmitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 61 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Apply Water Conservation Strategy

7.1 Mitigation Measures Water

7.0 Water Detail

3.1293 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Consumer
Products

26.2910 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Landscaping 0.0121 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Total 29.4325 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Mitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 62 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category MT/yr
Mitigated 1,787.416
0 1.9861 1.1963 2,193.563
2 Unmitigated 1,787.506
5 1.9861 1.1963 2,193.654
1 7.2 Water by Land Use
Indoor/Out
door Use
Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use Mgal MT/yr
Convenience
Market with Gas
Pumps

0.209144 /

0.128185

0.3161 2.8000e0041.6000e0040.3717
Fast Food
Restaurant with
Drive Thru

5.06901 /

0.323554

6.0784 6.5700e0033.9500e0037.4191
Hotel 3.09475 /

0.343861

3.7942 4.0200e0032.4100e0034.6132
Industrial Park 1528.4 / 0 1,777.317
8 1.9752 1.1898 2,181.250
1 Parking Lot 0 / 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1,787.506
4 1.9861 1.1963 2,193.654
1 Unmitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 63 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

7.2 Water by Land Use
Indoor/Out
door Use
Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use Mgal MT/yr
Convenience
Market with Gas
Pumps

0.209144 /

0.102548

0.3015 2.8000e0041.6000e0040.3571
Fast Food
Restaurant with
Drive Thru

5.06901 /

0.258843

6.0417 6.5600e0033.9500e0037.3822
Hotel 3.09475 /

0.275089

3.7551 4.0100e0032.4100e0034.5739
Industrial Park 1528.4 / 0 1,777.317
8 1.9752 1.1898 2,181.250
1 Parking Lot 0 / 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1,787.416
0 1.9861 1.1963 2,193.563
2 Mitigated

8.1 Mitigation Measures Waste

8.0 Waste Detail
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 64 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
MT/yr
Mitigated 1,716.227
7 101.4262 0.0000 4,251.881
5 Unmitigated 1,716.227
7 101.4262 0.0000 4,251.881
5 Category/Year

8.2 Waste by Land Use
Waste
Disposed
Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use tons MT/yr
Fast Food
Restaurant with
Drive Thru
192.37 39.0494 2.3078 0.0000 96.7432
Hotel 66.8 13.5598 0.8014 0.0000 33.5938
Industrial Park 8195.53 1,663.618
5 98.3170 0.0000 4,121.544
5 Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1,716.227
7 101.4262 0.0000 4,251.881
5 Unmitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 65 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

9.0 Operational Offroad
Equipment Type Number Hours/Day Days/Year Horse Power Load Factor Fuel Type Forklifts 121 12.00 300 89 0.20 Diesel
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 66 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

11.0 Vegetation
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Equipment Type tons/yr MT/yr
Forklifts 2.4188 13.2905 32.4699 0.0513 0.1795 0.1795 0.1795 0.1795 0.0000 4,406.403 4 4,406.403
4 0.1938 0.0000 4,411.249
4 Total 2.4188 13.2905 32.4699 0.0513 0.1795 0.1795 0.1795 0.1795 0.0000 4,406.403 4 4,406.403
4 0.1938 0.0000 4,411.249
4 UnMitigated/Mitigated

10.0 Stationary Equipment
Fire Pumps and Emergency Generators
Equipment Type Number Hours/Day Hours/Year Horse Power Load Factor Fuel Type Boilers
Equipment Type Number Heat Input/Day Heat Input/Year Boiler Rating Fuel Type User Defined Equipment
Equipment Type Number
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 67 of 67 Date: 8/1/2023 11:41 AM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual
Project Characteristics -
Land Use - Square footage and lot acreages adjusted per site plan.

Construction Phase - Phase timing adjusted per applicant-provided questionnaire.

Grading - Based on applicant provided AQ questionnaire.

Vehicle Trips - Based on project-specific information provided by DKS.

Energy Use - No natural gas usage except restaurants. 11% reduction in Title 24 natural gas usage (moving from 2019 Title 24 assumed in CalEEMod 2020 version to current regulation, Title 24 2022). 59.07 kbu/size/yr Title 24 natural gas adjusted to 52.57 kbtu/size/yr.

Operational Off-Road Equipment - all electric forklifts will be used.

1.2 Other Project Characteristics
Urbanization
Climate Zone
Urban
6 Wind Speed (m/s) 3.5 Precipitation Freq (Days) 58

1.3 User Entered Comments & Non-Default Data

1.0 Project Characteristics
Utility Company Sacramento Municipal Utility District
Operational Year 2033
CO2 Intensity
(lb/MWhr)
357.98 CH4 Intensity 0.033
(lb/MWhr)
N2O Intensity 0.004
(lb/MWhr)
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 1 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Mobile Land Use Mitigation -
Mobile Commute Mitigation - TMA membership
Table Name Column Name Default Value New Value
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 440.00 1,800.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 6,200.00 1,800.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 620.00 540.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 440.00 90.00
tblConstructionPhase NumDays 240.00 90.00
tblEnergyUse NT24NG 0.93 0.00
tblEnergyUse NT24NG 5.53 0.00
tblEnergyUse NT24NG 0.68 0.00
tblEnergyUse T24NG 4.44 0.00
tblEnergyUse T24NG 59.07 52.57
tblEnergyUse T24NG 32.71 0.00
tblEnergyUse T24NG 12.30 0.00
tblGrading MaterialImported 0.00 304,000.00
tblLandUse LandUseSquareFeet 177,144.00 73,400.00
tblLandUse LandUseSquareFeet 2,823.50 8,100.00
tblLandUse LotAcreage 151.73 318.60
tblLandUse LotAcreage 0.38 6.40
tblLandUse LotAcreage 4.07 4.00
tblLandUse LotAcreage 0.06 3.00
tblOperationalOffRoadEquipment OperDaysPerYear 260.00 300.00 tblOperationalOffRoadEquipment OperFuelType Diesel Electrical tblOperationalOffRoadEquipment OperHoursPerDay 8.00 12.00 tblOperationalOffRoadEquipment OperOffRoadEquipmentNumber 0.00 121.00 tblVehicleTrips CC_TL 5.00 1.66
tblVehicleTrips CC_TL 5.00 1.66
tblVehicleTrips CC_TL 5.00 1.66
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 2 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied tblVehicleTrips CC_TL 5.00 1.66
tblVehicleTrips CNW_TL 6.50 2.15
tblVehicleTrips CNW_TL 6.50 2.15
tblVehicleTrips CNW_TL 6.50 2.15
tblVehicleTrips CNW_TL 6.50 2.15
tblVehicleTrips CW_TL 10.00 3.31
tblVehicleTrips CW_TL 10.00 3.31
tblVehicleTrips CW_TL 10.00 3.31
tblVehicleTrips CW_TL 10.00 3.31
tblVehicleTrips DV_TP 21.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips DV_TP 21.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips DV_TP 38.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips DV_TP 19.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips PB_TP 65.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips PB_TP 50.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips PB_TP 4.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips PB_TP 2.00 0.00
tblVehicleTrips PR_TP 14.00 100.00
tblVehicleTrips PR_TP 29.00 100.00
tblVehicleTrips PR_TP 58.00 100.00
tblVehicleTrips PR_TP 79.00 100.00
tblVehicleTrips ST_TR 322.50 101.55
tblVehicleTrips ST_TR 616.12 208.86
tblVehicleTrips ST_TR 8.19 7.20
tblVehicleTrips ST_TR 2.54 1.94
tblVehicleTrips SU_TR 322.50 101.55
tblVehicleTrips SU_TR 472.58 208.86
tblVehicleTrips SU_TR 5.95 7.20
tblVehicleTrips SU_TR 1.24 1.94
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 3 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

2.0 Emissions Summary
tblVehicleTrips WD_TR 322.50 101.55
tblVehicleTrips WD_TR 470.95 208.86
tblVehicleTrips WD_TR 8.36 7.20
tblVehicleTrips WD_TR 3.37 1.94
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 4 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

2.1 Overall Construction
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Year tons/yr MT/yr
2023 0.1166 1.1849 0.8026 1.6900e0030.8541 0.0545 0.9086 0.4363 0.0501 0.4864 0.0000 148.3983 148.3983 0.0467 1.3000e004149.6037 2024 0.4511 5.6438 3.9609 0.0138 1.9477 0.1852 2.1329 0.5994 0.1708 0.7702 0.0000 1,278.185 8 1,278.185
8 0.2520 0.0881 1,310.747
9 2025 0.4085 5.0370 3.7848 0.0138 1.8507 0.1580 2.0087 0.5772 0.1457 0.7230 0.0000 1,273.812 0 1,273.812
0 0.2523 0.0873 1,306.126
2 2026 3.5099 6.8058 9.5165 0.0400 3.8050 0.1097 3.9147 0.9043 0.1030 1.0073 0.0000 3,814.916 1 3,814.916
1 0.1770 0.3082 3,911.196
0 2027 6.1411 10.2743 14.4108 0.0645 4.9720 0.1346 5.1067 1.3460 0.1274 1.4734 0.0000 6,201.521 4 6,201.521
4 0.2146 0.5124 6,359.575
6 2028 6.0469 10.0595 13.8708 0.0628 4.9529 0.1322 5.0851 1.3408 0.1251 1.4659 0.0000 6,057.688 0 6,057.688
0 0.2069 0.4989 6,211.534
1 2029 6.0014 9.9385 13.5023 0.0617 4.9719 0.1308 5.1027 1.3459 0.1238 1.4697 0.0000 5,970.370 6 5,970.370
6 0.2017 0.4903 6,121.505
4 2030 5.9232 9.1655 13.1563 0.0610 4.9718 0.0754 5.0472 1.3459 0.0726 1.4185 0.0000 5,911.176 0 5,911.176
0 0.1385 0.4808 6,057.902
3 2031 5.8608 9.0421 12.8510 0.0600 4.9717 0.0738 5.0455 1.3459 0.0711 1.4170 0.0000 5,822.435 0 5,822.435
0 0.1336 0.4724 5,966.546
7 2032 5.8260 8.9718 12.6404 0.0592 4.9907 0.0726 5.0633 1.3510 0.0700 1.4210 0.0000 5,766.526 1 5,766.526
1 0.1298 0.4669 5,908.920
9 2033 2.0321 2.8555 4.0409 0.0189 1.6253 0.0230 1.6483 0.4399 0.0222 0.4621 0.0000 1,844.667 8 1,844.667
8 0.0408 0.1481 1,889.808
5 Maximum 6.1411 10.2743 14.4108 0.0645 4.9907 0.1852 5.1067 1.3510 0.1708 1.4734 0.0000 6,201.521 4 6,201.521
4 0.2523 0.5124 6,359.575
6 Unmitigated Construction
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 5 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

2.1 Overall Construction
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Year tons/yr MT/yr
2023 0.1166 1.1849 0.8026 1.6900e0030.8541 0.0545 0.9086 0.4363 0.0501 0.4864 0.0000 148.3981 148.3981 0.0467 1.3000e004149.6035 2024 0.4511 5.6438 3.9609 0.0138 1.9477 0.1852 2.1329 0.5994 0.1708 0.7702 0.0000 1,278.184 9 1,278.184
9 0.2520 0.0881 1,310.747
0 2025 0.4085 5.0370 3.7848 0.0138 1.8507 0.1580 2.0087 0.5772 0.1457 0.7230 0.0000 1,273.811 2 1,273.811
2 0.2523 0.0873 1,306.125
4 2026 3.5099 6.8058 9.5165 0.0400 3.8050 0.1097 3.9147 0.9043 0.1030 1.0073 0.0000 3,814.915 6 3,814.915
6 0.1770 0.3082 3,911.195
6 2027 6.1411 10.2743 14.4108 0.0645 4.9720 0.1346 5.1067 1.3460 0.1274 1.4734 0.0000 6,201.521 0 6,201.521
0 0.2146 0.5124 6,359.575
2 2028 6.0469 10.0595 13.8708 0.0628 4.9529 0.1322 5.0851 1.3408 0.1251 1.4659 0.0000 6,057.687 6 6,057.687
6 0.2069 0.4989 6,211.533
7 2029 6.0014 9.9385 13.5023 0.0617 4.9719 0.1308 5.1027 1.3459 0.1238 1.4697 0.0000 5,970.370 2 5,970.370
2 0.2017 0.4903 6,121.505
0 2030 5.9232 9.1655 13.1563 0.0610 4.9718 0.0754 5.0472 1.3459 0.0726 1.4185 0.0000 5,911.175 5 5,911.175
5 0.1385 0.4808 6,057.901
8 2031 5.8608 9.0421 12.8510 0.0600 4.9717 0.0738 5.0455 1.3459 0.0711 1.4170 0.0000 5,822.434 5 5,822.434
5 0.1336 0.4724 5,966.546
3 2032 5.8260 8.9718 12.6404 0.0592 4.9907 0.0726 5.0633 1.3510 0.0700 1.4210 0.0000 5,766.525 6 5,766.525
6 0.1298 0.4669 5,908.920
4 2033 2.0321 2.8555 4.0409 0.0189 1.6253 0.0230 1.6483 0.4399 0.0222 0.4621 0.0000 1,844.667 7 1,844.667
7 0.0408 0.1481 1,889.808
4 Maximum 6.1411 10.2743 14.4108 0.0645 4.9907 0.1852 5.1067 1.3510 0.1708 1.4734 0.0000 6,201.521 0 6,201.521
0 0.2523 0.5124 6,359.575
2 Mitigated Construction
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio-CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N20 CO2e
Percent
Reduction

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 6 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Quarter Start Date End Date Maximum Unmitigated ROG + NOX (tons/quarter) Maximum Mitigated ROG + NOX (tons/quarter) 1 9-1-2023 11-30-2023 0.9839 0.9839
2 12-1-2023 2-29-2024 1.3182 1.3182
3 3-1-2024 5-31-2024 1.5267 1.5267
4 6-1-2024 8-31-2024 1.5175 1.5175
5 9-1-2024 11-30-2024 1.5191 1.5191
6 12-1-2024 2-28-2025 1.4045 1.4045
7 3-1-2025 5-31-2025 1.3608 1.3608
8 6-1-2025 8-31-2025 1.3519 1.3519
9 9-1-2025 11-30-2025 1.3548 1.3548
10 12-1-2025 2-28-2026 1.0085 1.0085
11 3-1-2026 5-31-2026 0.3456 0.3456
12 6-1-2026 8-31-2026 3.7873 3.7873
13 9-1-2026 11-30-2026 4.1927 4.1927
14 12-1-2026 2-28-2027 4.1425 4.1425
15 3-1-2027 5-31-2027 4.1190 4.1190
16 6-1-2027 8-31-2027 4.0736 4.0736
17 9-1-2027 11-30-2027 4.1188 4.1188
18 12-1-2027 2-29-2028 4.1207 4.1207
19 3-1-2028 5-31-2028 4.0560 4.0560
20 6-1-2028 8-31-2028 4.0112 4.0112
21 9-1-2028 11-30-2028 4.0557 4.0557
22 12-1-2028 2-28-2029 4.0157 4.0157
23 3-1-2029 5-31-2029 3.9974 3.9974
24 6-1-2029 8-31-2029 3.9532 3.9532
25 9-1-2029 11-30-2029 3.9972 3.9972
26 12-1-2029 2-28-2030 3.8570 3.8570
27 3-1-2030 5-31-2030 3.7820 3.7820
28 6-1-2030 8-31-2030 3.7381 3.7381
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 7 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 29 9-1-2030 11-30-2030 3.7838 3.7838
30 12-1-2030 2-28-2031 3.7532 3.7532
31 3-1-2031 5-31-2031 3.7341 3.7341
32 6-1-2031 8-31-2031 3.6905 3.6905
33 9-1-2031 11-30-2031 3.7362 3.7362
34 12-1-2031 2-29-2032 3.7511 3.7511
35 3-1-2032 5-31-2032 3.6922 3.6922
36 6-1-2032 8-31-2032 3.6486 3.6486
37 9-1-2032 11-30-2032 3.6948 3.6948
38 12-1-2032 2-28-2033 3.6733 3.6733
39 3-1-2033 5-31-2033 2.5485 2.5485
Highest 4.1927 4.1927
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 8 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

2.2 Overall Operational
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Area 29.4325 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Energy 0.0154 0.1397 0.1173 8.4000e0040.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0000 15,390.51 39 15,390.51
39 1.4077 0.1731 15,477.27
70 Mobile 4.5910 4.0495 32.2909 0.0502 6.2289 0.0364 6.2653 1.6640 0.0339 1.6979 0.0000 4,983.701 3 4,983.701
3 0.4610 0.3149 5,089.075
8 Offroad 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Waste 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1,716.227
7 0.0000 1,716.227
7 101.4262 0.0000 4,251.881
5 Water 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 543.7129 1,243.793
6 1,787.506
5 1.9861 1.1963 2,193.654
1 Total 34.0389 4.1903 32.5408 0.0511 6.2289 0.0475 6.2764 1.6640 0.0450 1.7090 2,259.940 6 21,618.26
78 23,878.20
84 105.2815 1.6843 27,012.16
41 Unmitigated Operational
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 9 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

2.2 Overall Operational
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Area 29.4325 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Energy 0.0154 0.1397 0.1173 8.4000e0040.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0000 15,390.51 39 15,390.51
39 1.4077 0.1731 15,477.27
70 Mobile 4.5203 3.9198 31.2105 0.0473 5.8295 0.0347 5.8641 1.5572 0.0323 1.5895 0.0000 4,690.609 2 4,690.609
2 0.4471 0.3042 4,792.426
7 Offroad 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Waste 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1,716.227
7 0.0000 1,716.227
7 101.4262 0.0000 4,251.881
5 Water 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 543.7129 1,243.703
1 1,787.416
0 1.9861 1.1963 2,193.563
2 Total 33.9681 4.0606 31.4603 0.0481 5.8295 0.0457 5.8752 1.5572 0.0434 1.6006 2,259.940 6 21,325.08
53 23,585.02
59 105.2677 1.6735 26,715.42
40 Mitigated Operational

0.21 3.09 3.32 5.79 6.41 3.64 6.39 6.41 3.60 6.34 0.00 1.36 1.23 0.01 0.64 1.10 CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 10 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied 3 Paving Paving 1/30/2026 6/4/2026 5 90
4 Building Construction Building Construction 6/5/2026 4/28/2033 5 1800 5 Architectural Coating Architectural Coating 6/19/2026 5/12/2033 5 1800 OffRoad Equipment
Phase Name Offroad Equipment Type Amount Usage Hours Horse Power Load Factor Site Preparation Rubber Tired Dozers 3 8.00 247 0.40
Site Preparation Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 4 8.00 97 0.37 Grading Excavators 2 8.00 158 0.38
Grading Graders 1 8.00 187 0.41
Grading Rubber Tired Dozers 1 8.00 247 0.40
Grading Scrapers 2 8.00 367 0.48
Grading Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 2 8.00 97 0.37
Paving Pavers 2 8.00 130 0.42
Paving Paving Equipment 2 8.00 132 0.36
Paving Rollers 2 8.00 80 0.38
Building Construction Cranes 1 7.00 231 0.29
Building Construction Forklifts 3 8.00 89 0.20
Building Construction Generator Sets 1 8.00 84 0.74
Building Construction Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes 3 7.00 97 0.37 Building Construction Welders 1 8.00 46 0.45
Architectural Coating Air Compressors 1 6.00 78 0.48
Residential Indoor: 0; Residential Outdoor: 0; Non-Residential Indoor: 10,061,250; Non-Residential Outdoor: 3,353,750; Striped Parking Area:
88,080 (Architectural Coating – sqft)
Acres of Grading (Site Preparation Phase): 135
Acres of Grading (Grading Phase): 1620
Acres of Paving: 33.03
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 11 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.1 Mitigation Measures Construction
Trips and VMT
Phase Name Offroad Equipment
Count
Worker Trip
Number
Vendor Trip
Number
Hauling Trip
Number
Worker Trip
Length
Vendor Trip
Length
Hauling Trip
Length
Worker Vehicle
Class
Vendor
Vehicle Class
Hauling
Vehicle Class
Site Preparation 7 18.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 6.50 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT Grading 8 20.00 0.00 38,000.00 10.00 6.50 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT Paving 6 15.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 6.50 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT Building Construction 9 3,433.00 1,340.00 0.00 10.00 6.50 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT Architectural Coating 1 687.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 6.50 20.00 LD_Mix HDT_Mix HHDT CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 12 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.2 Site Preparation - 2023
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 2.2200e0031.3700e0030.0180 5.0000e0055.6800e0033.0000e0055.7100e0031.5100e0033.0000e0051.5400e0030.0000 4.5603 4.5603 1.4000e0041.3000e0044.6027 Total 2.2200e0031.3700e0030.0180 5.0000e0055.6800e0033.0000e0055.7100e0031.5100e0033.0000e0051.5400e0030.0000 4.5603 4.5603 1.4000e0041.3000e0044.6027 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 0.8484 0.0000 0.8484 0.4348 0.0000 0.4348 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.1144 1.1835 0.7845 1.6400e0030.0544 0.0544 0.0501 0.0501 0.0000 143.8378 143.8378 0.0465 0.0000 145.0008 Total 0.1144 1.1835 0.7845 1.6400e0030.8484 0.0544 0.9029 0.4348 0.0501 0.4848 0.0000 143.8378 143.8378 0.0465 0.0000 145.0008 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 13 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.2 Site Preparation - 2024
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 1.0000e0046.0000e0057.8000e0040.0000 2.6000e0040.0000 2.7000e0047.0000e0050.0000 7.0000e0050.0000 0.2068 0.2068 1.0000e0051.0000e0050.2086 Total 1.0000e0046.0000e0057.8000e0040.0000 2.6000e0040.0000 2.7000e0047.0000e0050.0000 7.0000e0050.0000 0.2068 0.2068 1.0000e0051.0000e0050.2086 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 0.1077 0.0000 0.1077 0.0276 0.0000 0.0276 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 5.3200e0030.0544 0.0367 8.0000e0052.4600e0032.4600e0032.2600e0032.2600e0030.0000 6.6914 6.6914 2.1600e0030.0000 6.7455 Total 5.3200e0030.0544 0.0367 8.0000e0050.1077 2.4600e0030.1102 0.0276 2.2600e0030.0299 0.0000 6.6914 6.6914 2.1600e0030.0000 6.7455 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 15 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.3 Grading - 2024
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 1.6673 0.0000 1.6673 0.5245 0.0000 0.5245 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.4151 4.1766 3.5762 8.0100e0030.1723 0.1723 0.1585 0.1585 0.0000 703.3019 703.3019 0.2275 0.0000 708.9884 Total 0.4151 4.1766 3.5762 8.0100e0031.6673 0.1723 1.8396 0.5245 0.1585 0.6830 0.0000 703.3019 703.3019 0.2275 0.0000 708.9884 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 16 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.3 Grading - 2024
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0236 1.4087 0.2912 5.5800e0030.1535 0.0104 0.1639 0.0422 9.9600e0030.0521 0.0000 553.1643 553.1643 0.0220 0.0877 579.8526 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 6.9200e0034.0700e0030.0560 1.6000e0040.0190 1.0000e0040.0190 5.0400e0039.0000e0055.1300e0030.0000 14.8214 14.8214 4.4000e0044.0000e00414.9527 Total 0.0305 1.4128 0.3472 5.7400e0030.1724 0.0105 0.1829 0.0472 0.0101 0.0573 0.0000 567.9857 567.9857 0.0224 0.0881 594.8053 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 1.6673 0.0000 1.6673 0.5245 0.0000 0.5245 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.4151 4.1766 3.5762 8.0100e0030.1723 0.1723 0.1585 0.1585 0.0000 703.3010 703.3010 0.2275 0.0000 708.9876 Total 0.4151 4.1766 3.5762 8.0100e0031.6673 0.1723 1.8396 0.5245 0.1585 0.6830 0.0000 703.3010 703.3010 0.2275 0.0000 708.9876 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 17 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.3 Grading - 2025
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 1.6763 0.0000 1.6763 0.5295 0.0000 0.5295 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.3786 3.6466 3.4362 8.1000e0030.1476 0.1476 0.1358 0.1358 0.0000 711.3061 711.3061 0.2301 0.0000 717.0573 Total 0.3786 3.6466 3.4362 8.1000e0031.6763 0.1476 1.8239 0.5295 0.1358 0.6653 0.0000 711.3061 711.3061 0.2301 0.0000 717.0573 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 18 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.3 Grading - 2025
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0233 1.3867 0.2956 5.5300e0030.1552 0.0103 0.1656 0.0426 9.8800e0030.0525 0.0000 547.8748 547.8748 0.0219 0.0869 574.3139 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 6.5700e0033.7000e0030.0530 1.5000e0040.0192 9.0000e0050.0193 5.1000e0039.0000e0055.1800e0030.0000 14.6312 14.6312 4.0000e0043.8000e00414.7550 Total 0.0299 1.3904 0.3486 5.6800e0030.1744 0.0104 0.1848 0.0477 9.9700e0030.0577 0.0000 562.5060 562.5060 0.0223 0.0873 589.0689 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 1.6763 0.0000 1.6763 0.5295 0.0000 0.5295 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.3786 3.6465 3.4362 8.1000e0030.1476 0.1476 0.1358 0.1358 0.0000 711.3052 711.3052 0.2301 0.0000 717.0565 Total 0.3786 3.6465 3.4362 8.1000e0031.6763 0.1476 1.8239 0.5295 0.1358 0.6653 0.0000 711.3052 711.3052 0.2301 0.0000 717.0565 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 19 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.3 Grading - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 0.9537 0.0000 0.9537 0.1323 0.0000 0.1323 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0305 0.2934 0.2765 6.5000e0040.0119 0.0119 0.0109 0.0109 0.0000 57.2315 57.2315 0.0185 0.0000 57.6943 Total 0.0305 0.2934 0.2765 6.5000e0040.9537 0.0119 0.9655 0.1323 0.0109 0.1432 0.0000 57.2315 57.2315 0.0185 0.0000 57.6943 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 20 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.3 Grading - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 1.8300e0030.1085 0.0238 4.4000e0040.0125 8.1000e0040.0133 3.4300e0037.8000e0044.2000e0030.0000 43.1539 43.1539 1.7300e0036.8400e00345.2367 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 5.0000e0042.7000e0044.0100e0031.0000e0051.5400e0031.0000e0051.5500e0034.1000e0041.0000e0054.2000e0040.0000 1.1493 1.1493 3.0000e0053.0000e0051.1586 Total 2.3300e0030.1088 0.0278 4.5000e0040.0140 8.2000e0040.0149 3.8400e0037.9000e0044.6200e0030.0000 44.3032 44.3032 1.7600e0036.8700e00346.3953 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Fugitive Dust 0.9537 0.0000 0.9537 0.1323 0.0000 0.1323 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0305 0.2934 0.2765 6.5000e0040.0119 0.0119 0.0109 0.0109 0.0000 57.2315 57.2315 0.0185 0.0000 57.6942 Total 0.0305 0.2934 0.2765 6.5000e0040.9537 0.0119 0.9655 0.1323 0.0109 0.1432 0.0000 57.2315 57.2315 0.0185 0.0000 57.6942 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 21 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.4 Paving - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.0412 0.3862 0.6560 1.0300e0030.0188 0.0188 0.0173 0.0173 0.0000 90.0867 90.0867 0.0291 0.0000 90.8150 Paving 0.0433 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total 0.0845 0.3862 0.6560 1.0300e0030.0188 0.0188 0.0173 0.0173 0.0000 90.0867 90.0867 0.0291 0.0000 90.8150 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 22 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.4 Paving - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 1.6000e0038.7000e0040.0129 4.0000e0054.9600e0032.0000e0054.9800e0031.3200e0032.0000e0051.3400e0030.0000 3.6941 3.6941 9.0000e0059.0000e0053.7242 Total 1.6000e0038.7000e0040.0129 4.0000e0054.9600e0032.0000e0054.9800e0031.3200e0032.0000e0051.3400e0030.0000 3.6941 3.6941 9.0000e0059.0000e0053.7242 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.0412 0.3862 0.6560 1.0300e0030.0188 0.0188 0.0173 0.0173 0.0000 90.0865 90.0865 0.0291 0.0000 90.8149 Paving 0.0433 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total 0.0845 0.3862 0.6560 1.0300e0030.0188 0.0188 0.0173 0.0173 0.0000 90.0865 90.0865 0.0291 0.0000 90.8149 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 23 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1026 0.9352 1.2064 2.0200e0030.0396 0.0396 0.0372 0.0372 0.0000 173.9396 173.9396 0.0409 0.0000 174.9618 Total 0.1026 0.9352 1.2064 2.0200e0030.0396 0.0396 0.0372 0.0372 0.0000 173.9396 173.9396 0.0409 0.0000 174.9618 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 24 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1166 4.6087 1.3697 0.0180 0.5881 0.0246 0.6127 0.1700 0.0235 0.1935 0.0000 1,755.522 9 1,755.522
9 0.0428 0.2591 1,833.815
4 Worker 0.6118 0.3307 4.9214 0.0148 1.8910 8.7600e0031.8998 0.5029 8.0700e0030.5110 0.0000 1,409.083 2 1,409.083
2 0.0361 0.0355 1,420.566
0 Total 0.7284 4.9394 6.2911 0.0328 2.4791 0.0333 2.5125 0.6729 0.0316 0.7045 0.0000 3,164.606 1 3,164.606
1 0.0789 0.2947 3,254.381
4 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1026 0.9352 1.2064 2.0200e0030.0396 0.0396 0.0372 0.0372 0.0000 173.9394 173.9394 0.0409 0.0000 174.9616 Total 0.1026 0.9352 1.2064 2.0200e0030.0396 0.0396 0.0372 0.0372 0.0000 173.9394 173.9394 0.0409 0.0000 174.9616 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 25 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2027
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1785 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6549 302.6549 0.0711 0.0000 304.4335 Total 0.1785 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6549 302.6549 0.0711 0.0000 304.4335 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 26 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2027
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1962 7.8667 2.3420 0.0307 1.0233 0.0418 1.0650 0.2958 0.0400 0.3357 0.0000 2,989.122 2 2,989.122
2 0.0725 0.4421 3,122.668
2 Worker 1.0054 0.5256 8.1106 0.0250 3.2903 0.0144 3.3048 0.8751 0.0133 0.8884 0.0000 2,396.787 5 2,396.787
5 0.0576 0.0586 2,415.689
2 Total 1.2016 8.3923 10.4526 0.0556 4.3136 0.0562 4.3698 1.1709 0.0532 1.2241 0.0000 5,385.909 7 5,385.909
7 0.1301 0.5007 5,538.357
4 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1784 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6545 302.6545 0.0711 0.0000 304.4331 Total 0.1784 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6545 302.6545 0.0711 0.0000 304.4331 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 27 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2028
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1778 1.6211 2.0910 3.5000e0030.0686 0.0686 0.0645 0.0645 0.0000 301.4953 301.4953 0.0709 0.0000 303.2671 Total 0.1778 1.6211 2.0910 3.5000e0030.0686 0.0686 0.0645 0.0645 0.0000 301.4953 301.4953 0.0709 0.0000 303.2671 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 28 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2028
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1897 7.7102 2.3000 0.0299 1.0193 0.0407 1.0600 0.2946 0.0390 0.3335 0.0000 2,916.525 6 2,916.525
6 0.0708 0.4320 3,047.032
4 Worker 0.9475 0.4828 7.7031 0.0242 3.2777 0.0135 3.2912 0.8718 0.0124 0.8842 0.0000 2,338.502 0 2,338.502
0 0.0529 0.0558 2,356.435
4 Total 1.1372 8.1929 10.0031 0.0541 4.2970 0.0542 4.3512 1.1664 0.0514 1.2177 0.0000 5,255.027 5 5,255.027
5 0.1237 0.4878 5,403.467
8 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1778 1.6211 2.0910 3.5000e0030.0686 0.0686 0.0645 0.0645 0.0000 301.4949 301.4949 0.0709 0.0000 303.2667 Total 0.1778 1.6211 2.0910 3.5000e0030.0686 0.0686 0.0645 0.0645 0.0000 301.4949 301.4949 0.0709 0.0000 303.2667 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 29 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2029
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1785 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6549 302.6549 0.0711 0.0000 304.4335 Total 0.1785 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6549 302.6549 0.0711 0.0000 304.4335 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 30 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2029
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1850 7.6218 2.2800 0.0295 1.0231 0.0400 1.0631 0.2957 0.0383 0.3340 0.0000 2,870.300 1 2,870.300
1 0.0698 0.4258 2,998.919
1 Worker 0.8983 0.4499 7.4053 0.0236 3.2903 0.0127 3.3030 0.8751 0.0117 0.8868 0.0000 2,303.189 4 2,303.189
4 0.0491 0.0537 2,320.430
9 Total 1.0834 8.0717 9.6853 0.0531 4.3134 0.0527 4.3661 1.1708 0.0500 1.2208 0.0000 5,173.489 5 5,173.489
5 0.1189 0.4795 5,319.350
0 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1784 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6545 302.6545 0.0711 0.0000 304.4331 Total 0.1784 1.6273 2.0991 3.5200e0030.0689 0.0689 0.0648 0.0648 0.0000 302.6545 302.6545 0.0711 0.0000 304.4331 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 31 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2030
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0336 343.0336 0.0138 0.0000 343.3777 Total 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0336 343.0336 0.0138 0.0000 343.3777 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 32 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2030
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1801 7.5133 2.2570 0.0289 1.0230 0.0392 1.0622 0.2957 0.0375 0.3332 0.0000 2,817.533 3 2,817.533
3 0.0687 0.4185 2,943.957
7 Worker 0.8479 0.4207 7.1295 0.0231 3.2903 0.0119 3.3022 0.8751 0.0109 0.8861 0.0000 2,264.187 7 2,264.187
7 0.0456 0.0519 2,280.789
6 Total 1.0280 7.9341 9.3865 0.0520 4.3133 0.0511 4.3644 1.1708 0.0484 1.2192 0.0000 5,081.721 0 5,081.721
0 0.1143 0.4704 5,224.747
3 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0332 343.0332 0.0138 0.0000 343.3773 Total 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0332 343.0332 0.0138 0.0000 343.3773 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 33 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2031
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0336 343.0336 0.0138 0.0000 343.3777 Total 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0336 343.0336 0.0138 0.0000 343.3777 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 34 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2031
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1760 7.4201 2.2411 0.0284 1.0230 0.0385 1.0614 0.2956 0.0368 0.3324 0.0000 2,770.387 0 2,770.387
0 0.0676 0.4120 2,894.849
2 Worker 0.7994 0.3957 6.8884 0.0226 3.2903 0.0111 3.3015 0.8751 0.0102 0.8854 0.0000 2,229.528 9 2,229.528
9 0.0424 0.0503 2,245.587
2 Total 0.9754 7.8157 9.1294 0.0510 4.3133 0.0496 4.3629 1.1708 0.0470 1.2178 0.0000 4,999.915 8 4,999.915
8 0.1100 0.4623 5,140.436
3 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0332 343.0332 0.0138 0.0000 343.3773 Total 0.1708 1.0355 2.1085 4.0400e0030.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0193 0.0000 343.0332 343.0332 0.0138 0.0000 343.3773 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 35 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2032
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1715 1.0394 2.1166 4.0600e0030.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0000 344.3479 344.3479 0.0138 0.0000 344.6933 Total 0.1715 1.0394 2.1166 4.0600e0030.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0000 344.3479 344.3479 0.0138 0.0000 344.6933 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 36 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2032
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.1731 7.3683 2.2393 0.0281 1.0268 0.0380 1.0648 0.2968 0.0363 0.3331 0.0000 2,739.388 0 2,739.388
0 0.0669 0.4079 2,862.599
5 Worker 0.7577 0.3765 6.7069 0.0222 3.3029 0.0105 3.3134 0.8785 9.6300e0030.8881 0.0000 2,207.571 1 2,207.571
1 0.0398 0.0492 2,223.239
6 Total 0.9308 7.7449 8.9461 0.0503 4.3298 0.0484 4.3782 1.1752 0.0460 1.2212 0.0000 4,946.959 1 4,946.959
1 0.1067 0.4571 5,085.839
1 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.1715 1.0394 2.1166 4.0600e0030.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0000 344.3475 344.3475 0.0138 0.0000 344.6929 Total 0.1715 1.0394 2.1166 4.0600e0030.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0194 0.0000 344.3475 344.3475 0.0138 0.0000 344.6929 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 37 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2033
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.0550 0.3333 0.6786 1.3000e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0030.0000 110.4016 110.4016 4.4300e0030.0000 110.5124 Total 0.0550 0.3333 0.6786 1.3000e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0030.0000 110.4016 110.4016 4.4300e0030.0000 110.5124 Unmitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 38 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.5 Building Construction - 2033
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0546 2.3407 0.7157 8.8900e0030.3292 0.0120 0.3412 0.0951 0.0115 0.1066 0.0000 866.4768 866.4768 0.0212 0.1291 905.4907 Worker 0.2305 0.1154 2.0934 7.0000e0031.0590 3.1500e0031.0621 0.2817 2.9000e0030.2846 0.0000 699.2084 699.2084 0.0120 0.0155 704.1138 Total 0.2851 2.4561 2.8091 0.0159 1.3882 0.0152 1.4033 0.3768 0.0144 0.3912 0.0000 1,565.685 2 1,565.685
2 0.0332 0.1446 1,609.604
5 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Off-Road 0.0550 0.3333 0.6786 1.3000e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0030.0000 110.4015 110.4015 4.4300e0030.0000 110.5122 Total 0.0550 0.3333 0.6786 1.3000e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0036.2200e0030.0000 110.4015 110.4015 4.4300e0030.0000 110.5122 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 39 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2026
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.1143 0.0618 0.9192 2.7600e0030.3532 1.6400e0030.3548 0.0939 1.5100e0030.0954 0.0000 263.1821 263.1821 6.7400e0036.6300e003265.3268 Total 0.1143 0.0618 0.9192 2.7600e0030.3532 1.6400e0030.3548 0.0939 1.5100e0030.0954 0.0000 263.1821 263.1821 6.7400e0036.6300e003265.3268 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 2.4339 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0120 0.0802 0.1266 2.1000e0043.6100e0033.6100e0033.6100e0033.6100e0030.0000 17.8728 17.8728 9.7000e0040.0000 17.8971 Total 2.4459 0.0802 0.1266 2.1000e0043.6100e0033.6100e0033.6100e0033.6100e0030.0000 17.8728 17.8728 9.7000e0040.0000 17.8971 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 41 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2027
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.2012 0.1052 1.6231 4.9900e0030.6585 2.8900e0030.6613 0.1751 2.6600e0030.1778 0.0000 479.6368 479.6368 0.0115 0.0117 483.4193 Total 0.2012 0.1052 1.6231 4.9900e0030.6585 2.8900e0030.6613 0.1751 2.6600e0030.1778 0.0000 479.6368 479.6368 0.0115 0.0117 483.4193 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 4.5375 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0223 0.1495 0.2361 3.9000e0046.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.8200e0030.0000 33.3654 Total 4.5598 0.1495 0.2361 3.9000e0046.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.8200e0030.0000 33.3654 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 43 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2028
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.1896 0.0966 1.5415 4.8400e0030.6559 2.7000e0030.6586 0.1745 2.4800e0030.1769 0.0000 467.9729 467.9729 0.0106 0.0112 471.5617 Total 0.1896 0.0966 1.5415 4.8400e0030.6559 2.7000e0030.6586 0.1745 2.4800e0030.1769 0.0000 467.9729 467.9729 0.0106 0.0112 471.5617 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 4.5202 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0222 0.1489 0.2352 3.9000e0046.7000e0036.7000e0036.7000e0036.7000e0030.0000 33.1923 33.1923 1.8100e0030.0000 33.2375 Total 4.5424 0.1489 0.2352 3.9000e0046.7000e0036.7000e0036.7000e0036.7000e0030.0000 33.1923 33.1923 1.8100e0030.0000 33.2375 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 45 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2029
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.1798 0.0900 1.4819 4.7300e0030.6585 2.5400e0030.6610 0.1751 2.3400e0030.1775 0.0000 460.9062 460.9062 9.8200e0030.0108 464.3565 Total 0.1798 0.0900 1.4819 4.7300e0030.6585 2.5400e0030.6610 0.1751 2.3400e0030.1775 0.0000 460.9062 460.9062 9.8200e0030.0108 464.3565 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 4.5375 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0223 0.1495 0.2361 3.9000e0046.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.8200e0030.0000 33.3654 Total 4.5598 0.1495 0.2361 3.9000e0046.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0036.7200e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.8200e0030.0000 33.3654 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 47 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2030
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.1697 0.0842 1.4267 4.6200e0030.6585 2.3800e0030.6608 0.1751 2.1900e0030.1773 0.0000 453.1014 453.1014 9.1200e0030.0104 456.4237 Total 0.1697 0.0842 1.4267 4.6200e0030.6585 2.3800e0030.6608 0.1751 2.1900e0030.1773 0.0000 453.1014 453.1014 9.1200e0030.0104 456.4237 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 4.5375 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0171 0.1117 0.2346 3.9000e0042.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.3500e0030.0000 33.3536 Total 4.5546 0.1117 0.2346 3.9000e0042.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.3500e0030.0000 33.3536 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 49 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2031
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.1600 0.0792 1.3785 4.5200e0030.6585 2.2300e0030.6607 0.1751 2.0500e0030.1772 0.0000 446.1656 446.1656 8.4900e0030.0101 449.3791 Total 0.1600 0.0792 1.3785 4.5200e0030.6585 2.2300e0030.6607 0.1751 2.0500e0030.1772 0.0000 446.1656 446.1656 8.4900e0030.0101 449.3791 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 4.5375 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0171 0.1117 0.2346 3.9000e0042.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.3500e0030.0000 33.3536 Total 4.5546 0.1117 0.2346 3.9000e0042.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0032.6500e0030.0000 33.3199 33.3199 1.3500e0030.0000 33.3536 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 51 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2032
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.1516 0.0754 1.3422 4.4500e0030.6610 2.0900e0030.6631 0.1758 1.9300e0030.1777 0.0000 441.7714 441.7714 7.9600e0039.8500e003444.9070 Total 0.1516 0.0754 1.3422 4.4500e0030.6610 2.0900e0030.6631 0.1758 1.9300e0030.1777 0.0000 441.7714 441.7714 7.9600e0039.8500e003444.9070 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 4.5549 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 0.0171 0.1122 0.2355 3.9000e0042.6600e0032.6600e0032.6600e0032.6600e0030.0000 33.4476 33.4476 1.3500e0030.0000 33.4814 Total 4.5721 0.1122 0.2355 3.9000e0042.6600e0032.6600e0032.6600e0032.6600e0030.0000 33.4476 33.4476 1.3500e0030.0000 33.4814 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 53 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

3.6 Architectural Coating - 2033
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 0.0516 0.0259 0.4688 1.5700e0030.2371 7.1000e0040.2379 0.0631 6.5000e0040.0637 0.0000 156.5807 156.5807 2.6800e0033.4600e003157.6792 Total 0.0516 0.0259 0.4688 1.5700e0030.2371 7.1000e0040.2379 0.0631 6.5000e0040.0637 0.0000 156.5807 156.5807 2.6800e0033.4600e003157.6792 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Archit. Coating 1.6342 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Off-Road 6.1500e0030.0403 0.0845 1.4000e0049.5000e0049.5000e0049.5000e0049.5000e0040.0000 12.0003 12.0003 4.9000e0040.0000 12.0124 Total 1.6404 0.0403 0.0845 1.4000e0049.5000e0049.5000e0049.5000e0049.5000e0040.0000 12.0003 12.0003 4.9000e0040.0000 12.0124 Mitigated Construction On-Site
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 55 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

4.0 Operational Detail - Mobile

4.1 Mitigation Measures Mobile
Improve Pedestrian Network
Implement Trip Reduction Program
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 56 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Mitigated 4.5203 3.9198 31.2105 0.0473 5.8295 0.0347 5.8641 1.5572 0.0323 1.5895 0.0000 4,690.609 2 4,690.609
2 0.4471 0.3042 4,792.426
7 Unmitigated 4.5910 4.0495 32.2909 0.0502 6.2289 0.0364 6.2653 1.6640 0.0339 1.6979 0.0000 4,983.701 3 4,983.701
3 0.4610 0.3149 5,089.075
8 4.2 Trip Summary Information

4.3 Trip Type Information
Average Daily Trip Rate Unmitigated Mitigated
Land Use Weekday Saturday Sunday Annual VMT Annual VMT
Convenience Market with Gas Pumps 2,031.00 2,031.00 2031.00 1,305,797 1,228,528 Fast Food Restaurant with Drive Thru 3,487.96 3,487.96 3487.96 2,271,855 2,137,074 Hotel 878.40 878.40 878.40 662,880 622,498
Industrial Park 12,822.04 12,822.04 12822.04 12,588,435 11,761,636 Parking Lot 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 19,219.40 19,219.40 19,219.40 16,828,967 15,749,736 Miles Trip % Trip Purpose %
Land Use H-W or C-W H-S or C-C H-O or C-NW H-W or C-W H-S or C-C H-O or C-NW Primary Diverted Pass-by Convenience Market with Gas
Pumps

3.31 1.66 2.15 0.80 80.20 19.00 100 0 0
Fast Food Restaurant with Drive
Thru

3.31 1.66 2.15 2.20 78.80 19.00 100 0 0
Hotel 3.31 1.66 2.15 19.40 61.60 19.00 100 0 0
Industrial Park 3.31 1.66 2.15 59.00 28.00 13.00 100 0 0 Parking Lot 10.00 5.00 6.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 0

4.4 Fleet Mix
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 57 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Land Use LDA LDT1 LDT2 MDV LHD1 LHD2 MHD HHD OBUS UBUS MCY SBUS MH Convenience Market with Gas
Pumps

0.567036 0.055979 0.181238 0.119180 0.019685 0.005252 0.013298 0.009451 0.000749 0.000688 0.024235 0.000780 0.002428 Fast Food Restaurant with Drive
Thru

5.0 Energy Detail
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Electricity
Mitigated

0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 15,238.47
04 15,238.47
04 1.4047 0.1703 15,324.33
00 Electricity
Unmitigated

0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 15,238.47
04 15,238.47
04 1.4047 0.1703 15,324.33
00 NaturalGas
Mitigated

0.0154 0.1397 0.1173 8.4000e0040.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0000 152.0435 152.0435 2.9100e0032.7900e003152.9470 NaturalGas
Unmitigated

0.0154 0.1397 0.1173 8.4000e0040.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0000 152.0435 152.0435 2.9100e0032.7900e003152.9470

5.1 Mitigation Measures Energy
Historical Energy Use: N
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 58 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

5.2 Energy by Land Use - NaturalGas
NaturalGa
s Use
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use kBTU/yr tons/yr MT/yr
Convenience
Market with Gas
Pumps
0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Fast Food
Restaurant with
Drive Thru

2.84919e
+006

0.0154 0.1397 0.1173 8.4000e0040.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0000 152.0435 152.0435 2.9100e0032.7900e003152.9470 Hotel 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Industrial Park 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total 0.0154 0.1397 0.1173 8.4000e0040.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0000 152.0435 152.0435 2.9100e0032.7900e003152.9470 Unmitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 59 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

5.2 Energy by Land Use - NaturalGas
NaturalGa
s Use
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use kBTU/yr tons/yr MT/yr
Convenience
Market with Gas
Pumps
0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Fast Food
Restaurant with
Drive Thru

2.84919e
+006

0.0154 0.1397 0.1173 8.4000e0040.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0000 152.0435 152.0435 2.9100e0032.7900e003152.9470 Hotel 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Industrial Park 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total 0.0154 0.1397 0.1173 8.4000e0040.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0106 0.0000 152.0435 152.0435 2.9100e0032.7900e003152.9470 Mitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 60 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

6.1 Mitigation Measures Area

6.0 Area Detail

5.3 Energy by Land Use - Electricity
Electricity
Use
Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use kWh/yr MT/yr
Convenience
Market with Gas
Pumps
90882 14.7572 1.3600e0031.6000e00414.8403
Fast Food
Restaurant with
Drive Thru
680859 110.5558 0.0102 1.2400e003111.1788
Hotel 691428 112.2720 0.0104 1.2500e003112.9046
Industrial Park 9.18693e
+007
14,917.45
61 1.3752 0.1667 15,001.50
70 Parking Lot 513800 83.4293 7.6900e0039.3000e00483.8994 Total 15,238.47
04 1.4047 0.1703 15,324.33
00 Mitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 62 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category tons/yr MT/yr
Mitigated 29.4325 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Unmitigated 29.4325 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758

3.1293 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Consumer
Products

26.2910 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Landscaping 0.0121 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Total 29.4325 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Unmitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 63 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Apply Water Conservation Strategy

7.1 Mitigation Measures Water

7.0 Water Detail

3.1293 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Consumer
Products

26.2910 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Landscaping 0.0121 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Total 29.4325 1.1900e0030.1326 1.0000e0054.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0044.7000e0040.0000 0.2590 0.2590 6.7000e0040.0000 0.2758 Mitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 64 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Category MT/yr
Mitigated 1,787.416
0 1.9861 1.1963 2,193.563
2 Unmitigated 1,787.506
5 1.9861 1.1963 2,193.654
1 7.2 Water by Land Use
Indoor/Out
door Use
Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use Mgal MT/yr
Convenience
Market with Gas
Pumps

0.209144 /

0.128185

0.3161 2.8000e0041.6000e0040.3717
Fast Food
Restaurant with
Drive Thru

5.06901 /

0.323554

6.0784 6.5700e0033.9500e0037.4191
Hotel 3.09475 /

0.343861

3.7942 4.0200e0032.4100e0034.6132
Industrial Park 1528.4 / 0 1,777.317
8 1.9752 1.1898 2,181.250
1 Parking Lot 0 / 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1,787.506
4 1.9861 1.1963 2,193.654
1 Unmitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 65 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

7.2 Water by Land Use
Indoor/Out
door Use
Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use Mgal MT/yr
Convenience
Market with Gas
Pumps

0.209144 /

0.102548

0.3015 2.8000e0041.6000e0040.3571
Fast Food
Restaurant with
Drive Thru

5.06901 /

0.258843

6.0417 6.5600e0033.9500e0037.3822
Hotel 3.09475 /

0.275089

3.7551 4.0100e0032.4100e0034.5739
Industrial Park 1528.4 / 0 1,777.317
8 1.9752 1.1898 2,181.250
1 Parking Lot 0 / 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1,787.416
0 1.9861 1.1963 2,193.563
2 Mitigated

8.1 Mitigation Measures Waste

8.0 Waste Detail
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 66 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
MT/yr
Mitigated 1,716.227
7 101.4262 0.0000 4,251.881
5 Unmitigated 1,716.227
7 101.4262 0.0000 4,251.881
5 Category/Year

8.2 Waste by Land Use
Waste
Disposed
Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Land Use tons MT/yr
Fast Food
Restaurant with
Drive Thru
192.37 39.0494 2.3078 0.0000 96.7432
Hotel 66.8 13.5598 0.8014 0.0000 33.5938
Industrial Park 8195.53 1,663.618
5 98.3170 0.0000 4,121.544
5 Parking Lot 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total 1,716.227
7 101.4262 0.0000 4,251.881
5 Unmitigated
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 67 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

9.0 Operational Offroad
Equipment Type Number Hours/Day Days/Year Horse Power Load Factor Fuel Type Forklifts 121 12.00 300 89 0.20 Electrical
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 68 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

11.0 Vegetation
ROG NOx CO SO2 Fugitive
PM10
Exhaust
PM10
PM10
Total
Fugitive
PM2.5
Exhaust
PM2.5
PM2.5
Total
Bio- CO2 NBio- CO2 Total CO2 CH4 N2O CO2e
Equipment Type tons/yr MT/yr
Forklifts 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Total 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 UnMitigated/Mitigated

10.0 Stationary Equipment
Fire Pumps and Emergency Generators
Equipment Type Number Hours/Day Hours/Year Horse Power Load Factor Fuel Type Boilers
Equipment Type Number Heat Input/Day Heat Input/Year Boiler Rating Fuel Type User Defined Equipment
Equipment Type Number
CalEEMod Version: CalEEMod.2020.4.0 Page 69 of 69 Date: 8/16/2023 3:31 PM Airport South Industrial Project - Full Buildout of Annexation Area Mitigated - Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD Air District, Annual EMFAC Off-Model Adjustment Factors for Gasoline Light Duty Vehicle to Account for the SAFE Vehicle Rule Applied

POWER LINE

DEL PASO
GARDEN

EL CENTRO

COMMERCE
ARENA

ELKHORN

NATOMAS CENTRAL
LEGEND

SACRAMENTO

INTERNATIONAL

AIRPORT

CITY OF

SACRAMENTO
NORTH

SPHERE OF INFLUENCE AMENDMENT

AIRPORT SOUTH INDUSTRIAL

CITY OF SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA
JUNE 20, 2022
0 0.25 0.5 1
Miles

PROPOSED SPHERE OF INFLUENCE

CITY OF SACRAMENTO

PROPOSED SPHERE OF INFLUENCE

PROPOSED SPHERE

OF INFLUENCE

INTERSTATE 5
R=400'
R=400'

EXISTING BAYOU ROAD EAST TO

BE ABANDONED AND REPLACED

WITH PRIVATE GATED ROADWAY
ACCESS AND PUBLIC UTILITY ESMTS.

LOCAL INDUSTRIAL (2-LANE W/

TURN LANE)
R=400'
PROP. 61' CANAL (35' WIDE @ BOTTOM W/ 2:1 SIDE SLOPES
(NOTE) 60' EXISTING CANAL ESMT)
50' BUFFER
35' WIDE CANAL BOTTOM/ DEPTH = 10'
2:1 SLOPE 50' BUFFER
35' WIDE CANAL BOTTOM/ DEPTH=10'
2:1 SLOPE

BRIDGE/

CULVERT
INTERSTATE 5
2:1 SLOPE
255'
255' 255'
209'
255'

METRO AIR PRKWY

ALL RIGHTS-OF-WAY AND OTHER RIGHTS
PER 340 OR 529

RELINQUISHED FREEWAY ABUTTER'S RIGHTS OF INGRESS
AND EGRESS PER 5350 OR 193

RELINQUISHED FREEWAY ABUTTER'S RIGHTS OF INGRESS
AND EGRESS PER 5317 OR 395

RIGHTS RESERVED ON THE OFFICIAL PLAT OF NATOMAS
COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA FOR DITCHES, ROADS ANDOTHER STATED ITEMS.

EASEMENT TO ELKHORN MUTUAL WATER COMPANY FORDITCH OR CANAL AND INCIDENTAL PURPOSES PER 492 OR 324

RIGHTS RESERVED ON THE OFFICIAL PLAT OF

NATOMAS COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA FOR
DITCHES, ROADS AND OTHER STATED ITEMS.

EASEMENT TO ELKHORN MUTUAL WATER

COMPANY FOR DITCH OR CANAL AND
INCIDENTAL PURPOSES PER 492 OR 324
PUBLIC OR PRIVATE ROAD AND INCIDENTALPURPOSES PER 558 OR 24

RIGHTS RESERVED ON

THE OFFICIAL PLAT OF

NATOMAS COMPANY

OF CALIFORNIA FOR

DITCHES, ROADS AND
OTHER STATED ITEMS.

IRRIGATION AND

DRAINAGE EASEMENT
PER 5326 OR 293

DRAINAGE CANAL EASEMENT
PER 20191024 OR 1565

PUBLIC ROADWAY AND

PUBLIC UTILITIES EASEMENT
PER 20150915 OR 1232
(TO BE ABANDONED)

ABOVE GROUND PUBLIC UTILITY

FACILITIES EASEMENT
PER 20191024 OR 1569
ELECTRICAL FACILITES EASEMENTPER 1223-B OR 268

RIGHTS RESERVED ON THE OFFICIAL

PLAT OF NATOMAS COMPANY OF

CALIFORNIA FOR DITCHES, ROADS
AND OTHER STATED ITEMS.
10' CANAL RESERVATION
PER 16 BM 3
15' CANAL RESERVATION PER 16 BM 3

RW ESMT TO NATOMAS CENTRAL
MUTUAL WATERE COMPANY PER 589
OR 184
35' PRIVATE ROAD & CANAL
RESERVATION PER 16 BM 3

CL OF SMUD ESMT
PER 1387 OR 33, SUBJECT TO RW
GRANTED TO RD 1000 FOR

DRAINAGE CANAL ALONG
WESTERLY SIDE OF LOT 90
(NO WIDTH STATED)
25' PRIVATE ROAD & CANAL
RESERVATION PER 16 BM 3

LOCAL INDUSTRIAL
(2-LANE W/ TURN LANE)
20' DRAINAGE CANAL ESMT
TO RD1000 PER BK 76, PG 388

POLE LINE EASEMENT
ELECTRICAL FACILITES EASEMENT PER 1321-A OR 494PER 1223-B OR 271 ELECTRICAL FACILITES EASEMENTPER 1223-B OR 270

OVERHEAD POWER LINE
POLES FURTHER THAN 4' FROME. EDGE OF CANAL
20' RD1000 ESMT PER
5331 OR 130
50' RD1000 ESMT PER 5331OR 130
50' RECONSTRUCTION OF SLOPE AND BUFFER
50' RECONSTRUCTION OF SLOPE AND BUFFER

NO DETENTION/RETENTION

OR BUFFER AREA CURRENTLY

IDENTIFIED FOR THE
CAYOCCA PARCEL.
50' RECONSTRUCTION OF

SLOPE AND BUFFER

DETENTION/RETENTION
BASIN

STATION
SOUTH BAYOU WAY OLD S. BAYOU RW TBA
185'
70' 55'
63'
70' 55'
60'
60' 70' 55' 620'
PUMP
70' 55' 60' 50'
50' 50'
50'
R=1000'
75'
75' LOCAL INDUSTRIAL (2-LANE W/ TURN LANE)
LOCAL INDUSTRIAL (4-LANE W/

TURN LANE)
DRN

FUTURE IND

FUTURE IND
185'
70' 55' 60'
185'
70' 55' 60'
1,136'
620'
ISGUR

CAMPBELL
620' 50' 60' 70' 55' 60' 70' 55'
620' 1,123'
1,940' 1,940'
SEWER
PUMP

STATION

TO BE ABANDONED
50'
55'
60' 70' 55' 620' 1,423'

TRANSITION BACK TO EXISTING

RURAL POWER LINE ROAD

POWER LINE ROAD
620'x1,940'
1,202,800± SF
BUILDING NO. 2
620'x1,940'
1,202,800± SF
BUILDING NO. 4
620'x1,423'
882,260± SF
BUILDING NO. 1
620'x1,123'
696,260± SF
BUILDING NO. 3
620'x1,136'
704,320± SF
BUILDING NO. 5
60'

EXISTING

CELLULAR
TOWER
165'
840'
693'
933'
400'
693'
50' BUFFER

EXISTING BAYOU ROADEAST TOBE ABANDONED ANDREPLACED

WITH PRIVATE GATED
ROADWAY ACCESS ANDPUBLIC UTILITYEASEMENTS.

PROPOSED ACCESS EASEMENT & PUE

TO BE ABANDONED
A
LOT D

DETENTION/

RETENTION BASIN
LOT C

DETENTION/RETENTION
BASIN
LOT B

DETENTION/RETENTION
BASIN

DETENTION/

RETENTION
BASIN
LOT A

DETENTION/

RETENTION
BASIN
PARCEL 11
PATEL FUT. IND
B
PARCEL 6C
HWY/COM 3.0 ± AC. (N)
PARCEL 7C

HWY/COM

1.3 ± AC. (N)
PARCEL 1

INDUSTRIAL

47.7 ± AC. (N)
PARCEL 2

INDUSTRIAL

53.4 ± AC. (N)
PARCEL 3

INDUSTRIAL

34.4 ± AC. (N)
PARCEL 4

INDUSTRIAL

54.7 ± AC. (N)
PARCEL 5

INDUSTRIAL

45.4 ± AC. (N)
PARCEL 8

FUTURE INDUSTRIAL

64.3 ± AC. (N)
PARCEL 9

6.5 ± AC. (N)

0.7 ± AC. (N)

4.6 ± AC. (N)

6.9 ± AC. (N) PARCEL 10

8.5 ± AC. (N)

5.1 ± AC.
(BASIN)

54.9 ± AC. (N)

40.6 ± AC. (BASIN)

12.1 ± AC. (N)

6.3 ± AC. (BASIN)

10.5 ± AC. (N)

3.5 ± AC. (BASIN)
R=1000'

SOUTH BAYOU WAY

2.3 ± AC. (N)
LOT E
BUFFER
"A" DRIVE A

AIRPORT SOUTH INDUSTRIAL DRIVE

PROPOSED
ACCESS
EASEMENT TOPARCELS 10 & 11

CALTRANS

NO TRUCK ACCESS EAST

TO SOUTH BAYOU WAY

PROPOSED GATE
(APPROX. LOCATION)

TO BE ABANDONED

37.9 ± AC. (N)

CALTRANS
ROW
6,690± SF 4,050± SF
LOT F

SEWER PUMP STATION

0.5 ± AC. (N)
LOT G

DRAINAGE PUMP STATION

0.4 ± AC. (N)
PARCEL 6A

HWY/COM

2.1 ± AC. (N)
3,200± SF
PARCEL 6B

HWY/COM

1.5 ± AC. (N)
3,200± SF
PARCEL 7B

HWY/COM

1.5 ± AC. (N) 3,200± SF
PARCEL 7A

HWY/COM

4.0 ± AC. (N)
60,600± SF

PROPOSED MONUMENT

SIGN LOCATION PROPOSED MONUMENT SIGN LOCATION

COUNTY OF

SACRAMENTO
201-0291-026

RIVER ROCK

INVESTMENTS LLC
201-1020-055

COUNTY OF

SACRAMENTO
225-0010-021
RECLAMATION DISTRICT 1000
225-0010-034

COUNTY OF

SACRAMENTO
225-0010-021

COUNTY OF

SACRAMENTO
225-0010-017

COUNTY OF

SACRAMENTO
225-0010-009

COUNTY OF

SACRAMENTO
225-0010-010

COUNTY OF

SACRAMENTO
225-0010-011

COUNTY OF

SACRAMENTO
225-0010-013

NP MAP AND LAND

HOLDINGS LLC
225-0010-015

NP MAP AND LAND

HOLDINGS LLC
225-0010-014

NATOMAS BASIN

CONSERVANCY
225-0020-013

NATOMAS BASIN

CONSERVANCY
225-0020-012 RECLAMATION DISTRICT 1000 225-0030-012

DHR CAPITAL LLC
225-0030-060

CITY OF SACRAMENTO
225-1480-053
CITY OF SACRAMENTO 225-1480-056 CITY OF SACRAMENTO 225-1480-020

STATE OF CALIFORNIA
225-0030-050

GRAND STAFF
2010 TRUST
225-1590-008
MENGI
225-1590-009
BRAH
225-1590-010

MONTEMAYOR
225-1590-011
BASSI
225-1590-012
MITROS
225-1590-013

HENDERSON
225-1590-014
THOMAS
225-1590-015

GARTNER
225-1590-016

WILLIAM J & RITA J
BOWEN 2007

REVOCABLE TRUST
225-1590-017

BUTTERMAN
225-1590-018
MOIN
225-1590-019

DURETTE
225-1590-020
CHU
225-1590-021
HUANG
225-1590-022
MOMOH
225-1590-023
MAYO
225-1590-024
JOHN
225-1590-025

MCARDLE
225-1590-026
225-1830-009 CLYDE
225-1830-010 FONG 225-1830-011 AHMADI
FRIES 225-1830-008

WINNCREST

NATOMAS LLC
225-1480-024

COUNTY OF

SACRAMENTO
201-1020-092

COUNTY OF

SACRAMENTO
201-1020-090

KOSAREFF
201-1020-147

RIVER ROCK

INVESTMENTS LLC
201-1020-140

RIVER ROCK

INVESTMENTS LLC
201-1020-139

WILLIAM LINN
201-1020-030

LINN JUNE C
1999 TRUST
201-1020-056

GREENBRIAR PROJECT

OWNER LLC
201-0300-183
GREENBRIAR PHASE 2 LLC
201-1510-025
RECLAMATION DISTRICT 1000
225-0020-011
190'
75' STREET SECTION
AIRPORT SOUTH INDUSTRIAL DRIVE & "A" DRIVE
1"=10' SCALE
A

TWO WAY

TURN LANE
6' 12' 5' 3' 6'-6"

TRAVEL LANE WALK
37'-6"
CL
R/W
75'
6'-6" 3' 5' 12' 6' 5'

WALK TRAVEL LANE
37'-6"
R/W
5'
BIKE
LANE
BIKE
LANE
(MOD. 2-LANE LOCAL INDUSTRIAL)
97' STREET SECTION
METRO AIR PARKWAY (MOD. 4-LANE LOCAL INDUSTRIAL)
1"=10' SCALE
B

TWO WAY

TURN LANE
6' 12' 5' 3' 6'-6"

TRAVEL LANE WALK
48'-6"
CL
R/W
97'
11'

TRAVEL LANE
6'-6" 3' 5' 12' 6' 5'

WALK TRAVEL LANE
48'-6"
R/W
11'

TRAVEL LANE
5'
BIKE
LANE
BIKE
LANE

EXISTING POWER LINE ROAD
EXISTING RD-1000 CHANNEL ±25' WIDE
±50' BUFFER FROM EDGE OF

EXISTING CHANNEL
PROPOSED 255' WIDE DETENTION BASIN.

TOP OF BASIN=10.0'. BOTTOM OF
BASIN=3.0'
3:1 SIDE SLOPES

8.5'
ELEVATION ± 3.0'

ELEVATION
± 10.0' ELEVATION ± 10.0'
25' 50' 255'
EXISTING POWERLINE 4'-8.5' FROM

EASTERN EDGE OF CANAL
EXISTING RD-1000 CHANNEL ±55' WIDE
±50' BUFFER FROM EDGE OF EXISTING CHANNEL
PROPOSED 255' WIDE DETENTION
BASIN. TOP OF BASIN=10.0.

BOTTOM OF BASIN=3.0
3:1 SIDE SLOPES 255' 50' 55'

ELEVATION
± 10.0'
ELEVATION ± 3.0'
EXISTING REACH 8 RD-1000 CHANNEL ±35' WIDE
±50' BUFFER FROM EDGE OF EXISTING CHANNEL
PROPOSED 255' WIDE DETENTION
BASIN. TOP OF BASIN=10.0'. BOTTOM
OF BASIN=3.0'
3:1 SIDE SLOPES
FUTURE REACH 8' CHANNEL (35' BOTTOM
WIDTH W/ 2:1 SIDE SLOPES)
255' 50' 35'

ELEVATION
± 10.0'
ELEVATION ± 3.0'
ELEVATION ± 10.0'
30' 75'

DEL PASO RD

POWER LINE RD

GARDEN HWY

EL CENTRO RD

AIRPORT BLVD

LONE TREE RD

W ELKHORN BLVD

OLD RIVER RD

METRO AIR PKWY

N BAYOU RD
INTERSTATE 5
HIGHWAY 99

SACRAMENTO RIVER

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

SACRAMENTO
SITE

PROJECT

NORTH NTS
PRELIMINARY SITE PLAN #1

AIRPORT SOUTH INDUSTRIAL

CITY OF SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA
JUNE 20, 2022
PRELIMINARY SITE PLAN #1 - AIRPORT SOUTH INDUSTRIAL

BUILDING RELATIONSHIPS ONE PROJECT AT A TIME
3301 C St, Bldg. 100-B Tel 916.341.7760 200 Sacramento, CA 95816 Fax 916.341.7767 0 400
NORTH 800
1"=60' SCALE

WEST PROPERTY LINE
1 1"=60' SCALE
SOUTH PROPERTY LINE 2
1"=60' SCALE
EAST PROPERTY LINE 3

LAND USE SUMMARY

VICINITY MAP

THIS SITE PLAN IS FOR PRELIMINARY PLANNING PURPOSES
ONLY AND SUBJECT TO CHANGE PRIOR TO FINAL APPROVAL.

ASIP - Operational Emissions and AQMP 35% Calculations
5/30/2024
Using AQMP 4.3 guidance from SMAQMD
lbs/day
ROG NOX PM10 PM2.5
Maximum emissions 262.94 786.3497 151.0537 47.8861
Exceeds thresholds
tons/year
ROG NOX PM10
Mobile sector 10.18 85.88 22.51
35% target 3.56 30.06 All feasible
tons/year
ROG NOX PM10
Baseline 42.53 103.66 23.03
On-model mitigation. Project w/traffic study
adjustments, all electric forklifts, TMA, no natural gas except restaurant, design includes off/on site
connectivity for pedestrians, 11% title 24
improvements in natural gas usage for restaurants
(2019-2022 code) 33.97 79.25 6.77
Difference (mitigation achieved) 8.56 24.41 16.26
35% target 3.56 30.06 All feasible
On-model mitigation summary
Achieved
ROG plus
extra
Did not
achieve
NOX
Remaining tons/year -5.00 5.65
NOx Reduction Credit for CalGreen Tier 2 EV Charging
Requirements (Based on the maximum allowable
reduction credit for EV chargers [11.9%] according to
CalEEMod Measure T-14 [see attached]) -10.22
Off-Model Mitigation - 4.5% of heavy duty truck trips
are ZEV -3.40
Excess emission reductions 5.00 7.97
ASIP CalEEMod including traffic impact analysis, DKS 6/5/2023, includes all-electric forklifts, no natural gas Set Emission Reduction Target Using Mobile Source Emissions Only from CalEEMod Annual Report + Offmodel CalEEMod baseline (NOX, ROG, PM10) + Offmodel Heavy Duty Truck Emissions (NOX and PM10, no ROG) TRANSPORTATION | 116
T-14. Provide Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
GHG Mitigation Potential
Up to 11.9% of GHG
emissions from vehicles
accessing the commercial or
multifamily housing building
Co-Benefits (icon key on pg. 34)
Climate Resilience
Providing electric vehicle charging
infrastructure increases fuel redundancy
for electric vehicles even if an extreme
weather event disrupts other fuel sources.

Electric vehicles could also provide benefits
to buildings and the grid, such as
emergency backup, energy reserves, and
demand response.

Health and Equity Considerations
Differential costs of PHEVs compared to
conventional vehicles are decreasing over
time, but at present are more expensive,
which means this measure could
disproportionately benefit those of greater
economic means. As costs come into parity
over time, this will be less of an issue.

Employer, electricity provider, and state
incentives for PHEV purchase could help
address near-term disparities.

Measure Description
Install onsite electric vehicle chargers in an amount beyond what is required by the 2019 California Green Building Standards (CALGreen) at buildings with designated parking areas (e.g., commercial, educational, retail, multifamily). This will enable drivers of PHEVs to drive a larger share of miles in electric mode (eVMT), as opposed to gasoline-powered mode, thereby displacing GHG emissions from gasoline consumption with a lesser amount of indirect emissions from electricity. Most PHEVs owners charge their vehicles at home overnight. When making trips during the day, the vehicle will switch to gasoline mode if/when it reaches its maximum all-electric range.

Subsector
Parking or Road Pricing/Management
Locational Context
Urban, suburban, rural
Scale of Application
Project/Site
Implementation Requirements
Parking at the chargers must be limited to electric vehicles.

Cost Considerations
The primary costs associated with electric vehicle charging infrastructure include the capital costs of purchasing and installing charging stations, electricity costs from use of stations, and maintenance costs of keeping the charging stations in working order. Costs initially fall to the station owners, either municipalities or private owners, but can be passed along to station users with usage fees. Depending on station placement and charging times required for PHEVs, businesses near charging stations can derive benefits from patronage of station users.

Expanded Mitigation Options
In addition to increasing the percentage of electric miles for PHEVs, the increased availability of chargers from implementation of this measure could mitigate consumer “range anxiety” concerns and increase the adoption and use of battery electric vehicles (BEVs), but this potential effect is not included in the calculations as a conservative assumption. Expanded mitigation could include quantification of the effect of this measure on BEV use.

11.9%
T-14. Provide Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure TRANSPORTATION | 117 GHG Reduction Formula
A =
B × D × (F − E) × (G − (H × I × K × L))
-C × J
GHG Calculation Variables
ID Variable Value Unit Source
Output
A Percent reduction in GHG emissions from
vehicles accessing the office building or
housing
0–11.9 % calculated
User Inputs
B Number of chargers installed at site [ ] integer user input C Total vehicles accessing the site per day [ ] integer user input Constants, Assumptions, and Available Defaults
D Average number of PHEVs served per day
per charger installed
2 integer CARB 2019
E Percent of PHEV miles in electric mode
without measure
46 % CARB
2020a
F Percent of PHEV miles in electric mode with
measure
80 % CARB 2017
G Average emission factor of PHEV in gasoline
mode
205.1 g CO2e per
mile
CARB
2020a; U.S.

DOE 2021
H Energy efficiency of PHEV in electric mode 0.327 kilowatt hours (kWh)
per mile
CARB
2020b; U.S.

DOE 2021
I Carbon intensity of local electricity provider Tables E-4.3 and E-4.4
lb CO2e per
megawatt
hour (MWh)
CA Utilities
2021
J Average emission factor of non-electric
vehicles accessing the site
307.5 g CO2e per
mile
CARB
2020a
K conversion from lb to g 454 g per lb conversion
L Conversion from kWh to MWh 0.001 MWh per
kWh
conversion
Further explanation of key variables:
▪ (D) – The average number of PHEVs served per day per charger installed is 2 vehicles (CARB 2019). If the user can provide a project-specific value, they should replace the default in the GHG reduction formula.
▪ (E) - Based on the EMFAC2017 model (v1.0.3), 46 percent of miles traveled by PHEVs in California are eVMT, and 54 percent are in gasoline mode (CARB 2020a).

T-14. Provide Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure TRANSPORTATION | 118 ▪ (F) – A review of EV user surveys and analytics included in the CARB’s Advanced Clean Cars Mid-Term Report suggest that PHEV owners can reach 80 percent eVMT with access to adequate supportive charging infrastructure (CARB 2017). ▪ (G) – As described for (J), the average GHG emission factor for gasoline vehicles is 307.5 grams of CO2e per mile.
▪ The fuel efficiency of a PHEV in gasoline mode is calculated as 66.7 percent of the fuel consumption rate of a gasoline vehicle, based on the assumption that a gasoline hybrid vehicle has 50 percent higher fuel economy (miles per gal [mpg]) than a comparable gasoline vehicle, based on a comparison of the gasoline and hybrid Toyota Camry and Corolla models (U.S. DOE 2021). This percentage is applied to the average GHG emission factor for gasoline vehicles to determine the average emission factor for PHEVs in gasoline mode as (66.7%×307.5 g CO2e per mile). If the user can provide a projectspecific value by running EMFAC based on the future year of a project, they should replace the default in the GHG reduction formula.
▪ (H) – Scaled from a light-duty automobile gasoline equivalent fuel economy 30.3 mpg (CARB 2020a), an energy efficiency ratio (EER) of 2.5 (CARB 2020b), and an assumption of 33.7 kWh electricity per gallon of gasoline (U.S. DOE 2021). ▪ (I) – GHG intensity factors for major California electricity providers are provided in Tables E-4.3 and E-4.4 in Appendix C. If the project study area is not serviced by a listed electricity provider, or the user is able to provide a project-specific value (i.e., for the future year not referenced in Appendix C), the user should replace the default in the GHG calculation formula. If the electricity provider is not known, the user may elect to use the statewide grid average carbon intensity.
▪ (J) – The average GHG emission factor for non-electric vehicles accessing the site was calculated in terms of CO2e per mile using EMFAC2017 (v1.0.3). The model was run for a 2020 statewide average of LDA, LDT1, and LDT2 vehicles using diesel and gasoline fuel. The running emission factors for CO2, CH4, and N2O (CARB 2020a) were multiplied by the corresponding 100-year GWP values from the IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC 2007). If the user can provide a project-specific value (i.e., for a future year and project location), the user should run EMFAC to replace the default in the GHG reduction formula.

GHG Calculation Caps or Maximums
Measure Maximum
(Amax) The percent reduction in GHG emissions (A) is capped at 11.9 percent, which is based on the following assumptions used to generate a maximum scenario:
▪ (B) – number of chargers installed = 20. CALGreen provides a non-residential voluntary Tier 2 measure that requires projects with 201 or more parking spaces to allocate 10 percent of total parking spaces for “EV Capable” parking spaces (or 20 parking spaces) (CBSC 2019). Note that EV Capable parking spaces do not actually have EV chargers installed, though they do have electrical panel capacity, a dedicated branch circuit, and a raceway to the EV parking spot to support future installation of charging stations.

Therefore, using the number of EV Capable parking spaces as a proxy for EV chargers as a high-end estimate is conservative.

T-14. Provide Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure TRANSPORTATION | 119 ▪ (C) – total vehicles accessing the site = 200. Per the CALGreen voluntary measure, the number of total parking spaces that correspond with 20 “EV Capable” parking spaces is 201.
▪ (D) – PHEVs served per day per charger installed = 7. This value is the max (Dmax). This assumes that all PHEV drivers would coordinate sharing of the limited number of chargers at the site. Value is based on data from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (CARB 2019).
▪ (I) – carbon intensity of local electricity provider = 0 lb CO2e per MWh. This assumes that the local electricity provider is powered 100 percent by renewables and thus has a carbon intensity of zero.

Subsector Maximum
( ∑ AmaxT-14 through T-16 ≤35%) This measure is in the Parking or Road Pricing/Management subsector. This subcategory includes Measures T-14 through T-16. The VMT reduction from the combined implementation of all measures within this subsector is capped at 35 percent.

Example GHG Reduction Quantification
The user will install electric vehicle chargers at their proposed office or multifamily housing development, which will enable employees or residents with PHEVs to drive a larger share of miles in electric mode, as opposed to gasoline-powered mode, thereby displacing GHG emissions from gasoline consumption with a lesser amount of indirect emissions from indirect electricity. In this example, 20 chargers (B) will be installed at a workplace with 200 daily employee vehicles accessing the site (C). The electricity provider for the project area is the Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) and the analysis year is 2022. The carbon intensity of electricity is therefore 344 lb CO2e per MWh (I). The GHG impact is calculated as a 3.4 percent reduction from the total emissions from vehicles accessing the site.

Quantified Co-Benefits
While the measure will achieve fuel savings, it will also increase electricity consumption.

This section defines the methods for quantifying Improved Local Air Quality and fuel savings, as well as increased electricity consumption.

Improved Local Air Quality
Local criteria pollutants will be reduced by the reduction in fossil fuel combustion.

The percent reduction in criteria pollutants can be calculated using the GHG reduction formula. Electricity supplied by statewide fossil-fueled or bioenergy power plants will generate criteria pollutants. However, because these power plants are located throughout the state, electricity consumption from vehicles charging will not generate localized criteria pollutant emissions. Consequently, for the quantification A =
20 × 2 PHEVs
charger∙day × (80% − 46%) × (205.1 g CO2e
miles − (0.327 kWh
mile × 344 lb CO2eMWh × 454 g
lb × 0.001 MWh
kWh ))
-200 vehicles × 307.5 g CO2e
miles
= 3.4%
T-14. Provide Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure TRANSPORTATION | 120 of criteria pollutant emission reductions, either the electricity portion of the equation can be removed, or the electricity intensity (I) can be set to zero.

Fuel Savings (Increased Electricity)
The percent reduction in vehicle fuel consumption would be the same as the percent reduction in criteria pollutant emissions. The percent increase in electricity use (M) from this measure can be calculated as follows.

Electricity Use Increase Formula
M =
B × D × (F − E) × J × N × O
-C × P
Electricity Use Increase Calculation Variables
ID Variable Value Unit Source
Output
M Increase in electricity from PHEVs [ ] % calculated
User Inputs
N Existing electricity consumption
of project/site
[ ] kWh per year user input
O Days per year with vehicles
accessing the site
260–365 days per year user input
P Average annual VMT of vehicles
accessing the site
[ ] miles per day
per vehicle
user input
Constants, Assumptions, and Available Defaults
None
Further explanation of key variables:
▪ (N) – The user should take care to properly quantify building electricity using accepted methodologies (such as CalEEMod).
▪ (O) – If the proposed development is a workplace in which employees access the site an average of 5 days per week, the user should input 260 workdays. If the development is multifamily dwelling, the user should input 365 days. ▪ Please refer to the GHG Calculation Variables table above for definitions of variables that have been previously defined.

Sources
▪ California Air Resources Board (CARB). 2017. Advanced Clean Cars Mid-Term Report, Appendix G:

Plug-in Electric Vehicle In-Use and Charging Data Analysis. Available:
https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/documents/2017-midterm-review-report. Accessed: January 2021. ▪ California Air Resources Board (CARB). 2019. Final Sustainable Communities Strategy Program and Evaluation Guidelines Appendices. November. Available:
https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2019-
11/Final%20SCS%20Program%20and%20Evaluation%20Guidelines%20Appendices.pdf. Accessed:

January 2021.

T-14. Provide Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure TRANSPORTATION | 121 ▪ California Air Resources Board (CARB). 2020a. EMFAC2017 v1.0.3. August. Available:
https://arb.ca.gov/emfac/emissions-inventory. Accessed: January 2021. ▪ California Air Resources Board (CARB). 2020b. Unofficial electronic version of the Low Carbon Fuel Standard Regulation. Available: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2020- 07/2020_lcfs_fro_oal-approved_unofficial_06302020.pdf
▪ California Air Resources Board (CARB). 2021. OFFROAD2017–ORION. Available:
https://arb.ca.gov/emfac/emissions-inventory. Database queried by Ramboll and provided electronically to ICF. March 2021.
▪ California Utilities. 2021. Excel database of GHG emission factors for delivered electricity, provided to the Sacramento Metropolitan Air Quality Management District and ICF. January through March 2021. ▪ California Building Standards Commission (CBSC). 2019. Green Building Standards Code, Title 24, Part 11. Appendix A5 – Nonresidential Voluntary Measures. Table A5.601 Nonresidential Buildings:

Green Building Standards Code Proposed Performance Approach. July. Available:
https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/CAGBSC2019/appendix-a5-nonresidential-voluntary-measures.

Accessed: May 2021.
▪ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2007. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 996 pp. Available: https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar4/wg1/.

Accessed: January 2021.
▪ U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE). 2021. Download Fuel Economy Data. January. Available:
https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/download.shtml. Accessed: January 2021.

APPENDIX E

Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 1 DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
Sacramento County, California
Prepared For: Raney Planning & Management, Inc.
1501 Sports Drive, Suite A
Sacramento, CA 95834
Report Date: January 2023
www.Bargas.com
Sacramento Orange Pasadena San Bernardino San Diego Temecula New York DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World i Project Team
Report Author(s): Marcus England, Krystal Pulsipher
Field Surveyor(s): Bekah Christianson, Krystal Pulsipher, Owen Routt, Sophia Chau GIS: David Duncan
Project Manager: Marcus England
Review Team: Marcus England
Recommended Citation: Bargas. 2023. DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment – South Airport Industrial Park, unincorporated Sacramento County, California. Prepared for Raney Planning & Management, Inc. October 2023
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World i Table of Contents
1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................................1

1.1 Project Location..........................................................................................................................................1

1.2 Project Description.....................................................................................................................................1

1.3 Definitions ..................................................................................................................................................1 2 Regulatory Setting ..............................................................................................................................................5

2.1 Federal........................................................................................................................................................5

2.1.1 Federal Endangered Species Act ........................................................................................................5

2.1.2 Migratory Bird Treaty Act...................................................................................................................6

2.1.3 Clean Water Act of the United States ................................................................................................6

2.2 State of California.......................................................................................................................................7

2.2.1 California Environmental Quality Act.................................................................................................7

2.2.2 California Endangered Species Act.....................................................................................................7

2.2.3 California Fish and Game Code...........................................................................................................8

2.2.4 California Native Plant Protection Act................................................................................................8

2.2.5 Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act.........................................................................................9

2.2.6 State Wetland Definition and Procedures..........................................................................................9

2.3 Habitat Conservation Plans..................................................................................................................... 10

2.4 Local Policies and Ordinances ................................................................................................................. 11

2.4.1 City of Sacramento General Plan..................................................................................................... 11

2.4.2 City of Sacramento Code Chapter 12.56: Tree Planting, Maintenance, and Conservation ............ 12 3 Methods .......................................................................................................................................................... 13

3.1 Desktop Review....................................................................................................................................... 13

3.1.1 Biological Setting ............................................................................................................................. 13

3.1.2 Special Status Species & Habitats.................................................................................................... 13

3.1.3 Occurrence Potential....................................................................................................................... 14

3.2 Field Surveys............................................................................................................................................ 15

3.3 Taxonomy and Nomenclature................................................................................................................. 16 4 Results ............................................................................................................................................................. 17

4.1 Biological Setting ..................................................................................................................................... 17

4.2 Soils.......................................................................................................................................................... 17 DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World ii

4.3 Aquatic Resources................................................................................................................................... 19

4.3.1 Project Site....................................................................................................................................... 19

4.3.2 Annexation Area.............................................................................................................................. 20

4.4 Habitats and Vegetation Communities ................................................................................................... 24

4.4.1 Extant Vegetation Communities...................................................................................................... 24

4.4.2 Sensitive Vegetation Communities.................................................................................................. 27

4.4.3 Communities in the Annexation Area ............................................................................................. 27

4.5 Plants....................................................................................................................................................... 29

4.5.1 Plant Diversity.................................................................................................................................. 29

4.5.2 Special Status Plants........................................................................................................................ 29

4.6 Wildlife..................................................................................................................................................... 36

4.6.1 Wildlife Diversity ............................................................................................................................. 36

4.6.2 Special Status Wildlife ..................................................................................................................... 36

4.7 Other Considerations .............................................................................................................................. 52

4.7.1 Wildlife Movement.......................................................................................................................... 52

4.7.2 Nesting Birds.................................................................................................................................... 53

4.7.3 Bird Impact Risk and the Sacramento International Airport........................................................... 53 5 Effects and Minimization Measures................................................................................................................ 55

5.1 Grading Impacts and Avoidance.............................................................................................................. 55

5.2 Project Effects on Candidate, Sensitive, or Special Status Species ......................................................... 55

5.2.1 Special Status Species with No Potential to Occur in the Biological Study Area............................. 55

5.2.2 Special Status Species with Low Potential to Occur in the Biological Study Area........................... 57

5.2.3 Special Status Species with Moderate Potential to Occur in the Biological Study Area ................. 58

5.2.4 Special Status Species with High Potential to Occur in the Biological Study Area.......................... 59

5.2.5 Special Status Species Present in the Biological Study Area ........................................................... 59

5.3 Project Effects on Riparian Habitat or Other Sensitive Natural Community........................................... 60

5.4 Project Effects on State or Federally Protected Wetlands...................................................................... 60

5.5 Project Effects on Wildlife Movement and Nursery Sites....................................................................... 61

5.6 Project Effects on the Provisions of an Adopted Habitat Conservation Plan.......................................... 62

5.7 Project Effects on Local Policies or Ordinances Protecting Biological Resources................................... 62 6 Literature Cited................................................................................................................................................ 63 DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World iii List of Tables
Table 1. Survey Summary Table .............................................................................................................................. 15 Table 2. Soil Series within the Biological Study Area............................................................................................... 17 Table 3. Aquatic Features Observed in the Study Area........................................................................................... 19 Table 4. Vegetation Community Summary. ............................................................................................................ 24 List of Exhibits
Exhibit 1. Project Site and Vicinity Map......................................................................................................................3 Exhibit 2. Area Reference ...........................................................................................................................................4 Exhibit 3. Soils.......................................................................................................................................................... 18 Exhibit 4. Aquatic Resources Delineation................................................................................................................ 22 Exhibit 5. National Wetlands Inventory Within Annexation Area........................................................................... 23 Exhibit 6. Vegetation and Land Cover ..................................................................................................................... 28 Appendices
A. Floral & Faunal Compendia
B. Special Status Biological Resource Summary
C. Site Photographs
D. NRCS Soil Resource Report
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 1 1 Introduction
Bargas Environmental Consulting, LLC (Bargas) has prepared this Biological Resources Assessment (hereafter, Assessment) on behalf of Raney Planning & Management, Inc. The Airport South Industrial Park (Project) proposes to develop an industrial park on approximately 340 acres of agricultural land.

1.1 Project Location
The Project site is 340 acres in size and located in unincorporated Sacramento County, south of the Sacramento International Airport and west of the community of North Natomas and approximately 6.9 miles northwest of downtown Sacramento, California (Exhibit 1). The Project site is bounded by Powerline Road on the west, Interstate 5 on the north, a fire break along Lanfranco Circle on the east, and the West Drainage Canal on the south.

Lands within the Project site are mostly fallowed agricultural fields with some undeveloped land present within and adjacent to road and highway rights-of-way within the northern boundary. Existing Sacramento County General Plan Land Use designations include Agricultural Cropland within the Project site and to the south and west, with Low Density Residential to the east and undeveloped/vacant parcels within the Metro Air Park Special Planning Area to the north of the Project and Interstate 5.

1.2 Project Description
The proposed Project would include the development of an industrial park within an approximately 340-acre portion of the project site, located immediately south of Bayou Way. The industrial park would allow for construction of up to 6,610,000 square feet (sf) of industrial uses, as well as approximately 80,940 sf of retail/highway commercial uses, including approximately 60,600 sf of hotel/hospitality, on approximately 13.4 acres of the overall site. Parcels 6A through 6C and 7A through 7C are proposed retail/highway commercial uses generally situated south of the intersection of I-5 and Metro Air Parkway. Parcels 1 through 4, all planned for industrial use, generally surrounding the proposed retail/highway commercial uses; Parcel 5, the remaining proposed industrial use, would be located in the northeast corner of the site. The proposed Project would require approval of the following entitlements: Sacramento County LAFCo approval of a Sphere of Influence Amendment (including a related Municipal Services Review) and Reorganization (annexation and related detachments); and City of Sacramento approval of a Prezone, General Plan Amendment, Tentative Master Parcel Map, Development Agreement and Planned Unit Development.

1.3 Definitions
This report will use the following definitions for areas referred to herein:
• Project site: The Project site is defined as the 340 acres being analyzed for Project entitlements. • Annexation Area: The Annexation Area is defined as the 475 acres proposed for annexation by the City of Sacramento and is inclusive of the Project Area.
• Biological Study Area: The Biological Study Area is defined as the Project site and a 250-foot buffer. This is the area within which biological resources were fully analyzed.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 2 • Regional Study Area: The Regional Study Area is defined as the Project site and a 5-mile buffer. The Regional Study Area was used as the basis for determining special status biological resource records for consideration in this report.

A map depicting these areas is provided as Exhibit 2.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 3 Exhibit 1. Project Site and Vicinity Map
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 4 Exhibit 2. Area Reference
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 5 2 Regulatory Setting

2.1 Federal

2.1.1 Federal Endangered Species Act
The Federal Endangered Species Act (FESA) is the federal government’s regulations protecting rare and declining plant and wildlife species. FESA is jointly implemented by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS, marine resources only). FESA protects species using the following status designations:
• A federally endangered species is a species of invertebrate, plant, or wildlife formally listed by the USFWS under FESA as facing extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its geographic range. • A federally threatened species is one formally listed by the USFWS as likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range. • A proposed threatened or endangered species is one officially proposed by the USFWS for addition to the federal threatened or endangered species lists.
• Candidate species are “plants and animals for which the USFWS has sufficient information on their biological status and threats to propose them as endangered or threatened under FESA, but for which development of a proposed listing regulation is precluded by other higher priority listing activities”(USFWS 2017).
"Take" of a federally endangered or threatened species or its habitat is prohibited by federal law without a special permit. The term "take," under FESA, means to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect, or to attempt to engage in such conduct. “Harm” is defined by the USFWS to encompass "an act which actually kills or injures wildlife. Such an act may include significant habitat modification or degradation where it actually kills or injures wildlife by significantly impairing essential behavioral patterns, including breeding, feeding or sheltering" (50 CFR § 17.3).

Section 10(a)(1)(B) of the FESA allows for take of a threatened or endangered species incidental to development activities once a Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP) has been prepared to the satisfaction of the USFWS and a Section 10(a) incidental take permit has been issued to an applicant. For federal projects (including those involving federal funding), Section 7 of the FESA allows for consultation between the affected agency and the USFWS to determine what measures may be necessary to compensate for the incidental take of a listed species. A federal project is any project that is proposed by a federal agency or is at least partially funded or authorized by a federal agency.

Additionally, if the listed species or its habitat occurs in a portion of the projectsubject to federal jurisdiction (such as Waters of the United States by the United States Army Corps of Engineers under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act), then consultation under Section 7 of the FESA is usually permissible and may be required.

FESA also requires the USFWS to consider whether there are areas of habitat essential to conservation for each listed species. Critical habitat designations protect these areas, including habitat that is currently unoccupied but may be essential to the recovery of a species. An area is designated as critical habitat after the USFWS publishes a proposed Federal regulation in the Federal Register and then receives and considers public comments on the proposal. The final boundaries of critical habitat are officially designated when published in the Federal Register.

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2.1.2 Migratory Bird Treaty Act
The Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 (MBTA) is a federal law governing the taking, killing, possession, transportation, and importation of various birds, their eggs, parts, and nests. The take of any number of a bird species listed as protected on any one of four treaty lists is governed by the MBTA's regulation of taking migratory birds for educational, scientific, and recreational purposes and requiring harvest to be limited to levels that prevent over utilization. The MBTA also prohibits taking, possession, import, export, transport, selling, purchase, barter, or offering for sale, purchase or barter, certain bird species, their eggs, parts, and nests, except as authorized under a valid permit (50 CFR 21.11).

2.1.3 Clean Water Act of the United States
The regulatory setting with regards to aquatic resources is framed by current enabling legislation and case law.

Under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (CWA), the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) regulates the discharge of dredged and fill materials into “waters of the U.S.” Jurisdictional waters of the U.S. include “territorial seas, and waters which are currently used, or were used in the past, or may be susceptible to use in interstate or foreign commerce, including waters which are subject to the ebb and flow of the tide; tributaries; lakes and ponds, and impoundments of jurisdictional waters; and adjacent wetlands” (33 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] § 328.3).

Certain waters of the U.S. are considered “special aquatic sites” because they are generally recognized as having ecological value; such sites include sanctuaries and refuges, wetlands, mudflats, vegetated shallows, and riffle and pool complexes (40 CFR § 230). Special aquatic sites are defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and may be afforded additional consideration in a project’s permit process. The USACE also regulates navigable waters under Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899. Navigable waters are defined as “… those waters of the U.S. that… are presently used, or have been used in the past, or may be susceptible to use to transport interstate or foreign commerce” (33 CFR § 322.2). Projects that place fill in jurisdictional wetlands and non-wetland waters of the U.S. require a permit from the USACE under Section 404 of the CWA. The USACE issues nationwide permits for specific types of activities with minimal individual or cumulative adverse environmental impacts. Individual permits are required for large and/or complex projects or projects that exceed the impact threshold for nationwide permits. Recent federal rulemaking has modified how the USACE defines certain waters of the U.S. The most pertinent rules are summarized below.

The USEPA published a revised definition of "waters of the United States" on December 7, 2021 in response to President Biden’s Executive Order 13990 (86 Federal Register 7037) and after Pascua Yaqui Tribe v. EPA in which the U.S. District Court of the District of Arizona "vacated and remanded" the Navigable Waters Protection Rule (86 Federal Register 69372). The proposed revision has not been finalized at the time of this report, but since the district court vacated the Navigable Water Protection Rule on August 30, 2021, the agencies have halted implementing the Navigable Waters Protection Rule and have interpreted the definition that is consistent with pre-2015 regulations and the Supreme Court cases of Rapanos vs. United States and Carabell vs. United States (USEPA 2008), meaning the USACE will assert jurisdiction over traditional navigable waters (TNW) and the following types of features determined to have "significant nexus" to a TNW:

1. wetlands adjacent to TNWs

2. non-navigable tributaries of TNWs that are relatively permanent where the tributaries typically flow yearround or have continuous flow at least seasonally

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2.2 State of California

2.2.1 California Environmental Quality Act
CEQA is a public disclosure process codified by California Public Resources Code 21000, requiring decision-makers to analyze the environmental impacts of a project, disclose those impacts to the public, and mitigate environmental impacts to the extent feasible. The state or local lead agency provides an evaluation of project effects on biological resources; determining the significance of those effects is guided by Appendix G of the CEQA guidelines. These evaluations must consider direct effects on a biological resource within the project site itself, indirect effects on adjacent resources, and cumulative effects within a larger area or region. Effects can be locally important but not significant according to CEQA if they would not substantially affect the regional population of the biological resource. Significant adverse impacts on biological resources would include the following:
• Substantial adverse effects on any species identified as candidate, sensitive, or special status in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations or by the CDFW or the USFWS (these effects could be either direct or via habitat modification);
• Substantial adverse impacts to species designated by the CDFW as Species of Special Concern (SSC); • Substantial adverse effects on riparian habitat or other sensitive habitat identified in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations or by CDFW and USFWS;
• Substantial adverse effects on federally protected wetlands defined under Section 404 of the CWA (these effects include direct removal, filling, or hydrologic interruption of marshes, vernal pools, coastal wetlands, or other wetland types);
• Substantial interference with movements of native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species population, or with use of native wildlife nursery sites; • Conflicts with local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources (e.g., tree preservation policies); and;
• Conflict with provisions of an adopted HCP, NCCP, or another approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan.

2.2.2 California Endangered Species Act
The California Endangered Species Act (CESA) prohibits the take of state-listed threatened and endangered species. Under CESA, state agencies are required to consult with CDFW when preparing CEQA documents. Under CESA, CDFW is responsible for maintaining a list of rare, threatened, and endangered species designated under state law (California Fish and Game Code § 2070-2079). CDFW also maintains lists of candidate species, SSC, and fully-protected species. Candidate species are those taxa that have been formally recognized by the CDFW and are under review for addition to the state threatened and endangered list. Species of special concern are those taxa that are considered sensitive, and this list serves as a “watch list.” The CDFW can authorize “take” if an incidental take permit is issued by the Secretary of the Interior or Commerce in compliance with FESA, or if the director of the CDFW issues a permit under Section 2080 in those cases where it is demonstrated that the impacts are minimized and mitigated.

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2.2.3 California Fish and Game Code
Section 1600 et seq. – Lake and Streambed Alteration Agreement. Section 1600 provides provisions for protecting riparian systems, including the bed, banks, and riparian habitat of lakes, seasonal and perennial streams, and rivers. This section requires an applicant to notify CDFW and obtain a Lake and Streambed Alteration Agreement (LSAA) if their project would divert or obstruct the natural flow of any river, stream, or lake; change the bed, channel, or bank of any river, stream, or lake; use material from any river, stream, or lake; or deposit or dispose of material into any river, stream, or lake.

Section 2050 et seq. – California Endangered Species Act. CESA establishes the policy of the state to conserve, protect, restore, and enhance threatened or endangered species and their habitats. CESA is administered by CDFW and prohibits the take of any species that the California Fish and Game Commission (CFGC) determines to be a threatened or endangered species. CESA also mandates that “state agencies should not approve projects as proposed which would jeopardize the continued existence of any endangered species or threatened species” if reasonable and prudent alternatives are available that would avoid jeopardy. CDFW administers CESA and authorizes take through California Fish and Game Code Section 2081 Incidental Take Permits or through Section 2080.1 (for species also listed under FESA, consistency determination with a USFWS Biological Opinion).

Section 3511 – Fully Protected Species. The legislature of the State of California designated certain species as “fully protected” prior to the creation of CESA. Section 3511 states that “fully protected” birds or parts thereof may not be taken or possessed at any time. Lists of fully protected species were initially developed to provide protection to those animals that were rare or faced possible extinction and included fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles, and birds. Most fully protected species have since been listed as threatened or endangered under CESA and/or FESA.

Sections 3503, 3503.5, 3505, 3513 — Birds. These California Fish and Game Code sections protect all birds, birds of prey, and all nongame birds, as well as their eggs and nests, for species that are not already listed as fully protected and that occur naturally within the state. Sections 3503 and 3503.5 of the CFGC stipulate the following regarding eggs and nests: Section 3503 states that it is unlawful to take, possess, or needlessly destroy the nest or eggs of any bird, except as otherwise provided by CFGC or any regulation made pursuant thereto; and Section 3503.5 states that is it unlawful to take, possess, or destroy any birds in the orders Falconiformes or Strigiformes (birds-of-prey) or to take, possess, or destroy the nest or eggs of any such bird except as otherwise provided by CFGC or any regulation adopted pursuant thereto. Section 3513 states that it is unlawful to take or possess any migratory nongame bird as designated in the MBTA or any part of such migratory nongame bird except as provided by rules and regulations adopted by the Secretary of the Interior under provisions of the MBTA.

2.2.4 California Native Plant Protection Act
The California Native Plant Protection Act of 1977 (California Fish and Game Code § 1900-1913) affords the CDFW Commission the authority to designate native plants as endangered or rare and protect them from “take.” The California Native Plant Society (CNPS) maintains a list of sensitive plant species native to California and assigns each a rank in the California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR) system defined below:
• List 1A: Plants presumed extirpated in California and either rare or extinct elsewhere; • List 1B: Plants are rare, threatened, or endangered in California and elsewhere; DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 9 • List 2A: Plants presumed extirpated in California, but more common elsewhere; • List 2B: Plant are rare, threatened, or endangered in California, but more common elsewhere; • List 3: Plants about which more information is needed (on a review list); • List 4: Plants of limited distribution (on a watch list).

This list is further defined as described below:
• 0.1: Seriously threatened in California, meaning there is a high degree (over 80% of occurrences) and immediacy of threat;
• 0.2: Moderately threatened in California, meaning there is a moderate degree (20-80% of occurrences) and immediacy of threat;
• 0.3: Not very threatened in California, meaning there is a low degree (less than 20% of occurrences) and immediacy of threat.

All plants on Lists 1 and 2 meet the standards for state listing under the CEQA Guidelines (14 CCR § 15380). CNPS recommends that plants on Lists 3 and 4 be evaluated for consideration under CEQA.

2.2.5 Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act
The Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act of 1969 established the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) and the nine Regional Water Quality Control Boards (RWQCB), collectively referred to as the Water Boards, and authorized them to provide oversight for water rights and water quality. It uses the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) to monitor point source discharges into the waters of the State to prevent water quality degradation. It also protects wetlands, surface waters, and groundwater from both point and nonpoint sources of pollution.

2.2.6 State Wetland Definition and Procedures
The SWRCB adopted the State Wetland Definition and Procedures for Discharges or Fill Material to Waters of the State in 2019 and completed revisions to this set of procedures in 2021 (SWRCB 2021). Four major elements are included in these procedures as described below, in addition to procedures for the submittal, review and approval of CWA Section 401 permits not described in this report.

1. Wetland definition:

An area is wetland if, under normal circumstances, (1) the area has continuous or recurrent saturation of the upper substrate caused by groundwater, or shallow surface water, or both; (2) the duration such saturation is sufficient to cause anaerobic conditions in the upper substrate; and 3) the area’s vegetation is dominated by hydrophytes or the area lacks vegetation.

2. Framework for determining waters of the state:

Waters of the state are broadly defined by the Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act as “any surface water or groundwater, including saline waters, within the boundaries of the state.” The 2021 procedures expand upon this definition to clearly include natural wetlands, wetlands created by modification of a surface water of the state, and artificial wetlands meeting specific criteria.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 10 The criteria for an artificial wetland include wetlands created for agency-approved compensatory mitigation; those identified in a water quality control plan; and those greater than or equal to one acre in size unless they are constructed and maintained for wastewater treatment or disposal, sediment settling, stormwater permitting program pollutant or runoff management, surface water treatment, agricultural crop irrigation or stock watering, fire suppression, industrial processing and cooling, active surface mining, log storage, recycled water management, maximizing groundwater recharge, and rice paddies.

3. Wetland delineation procedures:

USACE-defined procedures for aquatic resources delineation (USACE 1987; USACE 2008, USACE 2010) used to assess the presence or absence of hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, and wetland hydrology are required by the SWRCB to delineate waters of the state, with one modification being that “the lack of vegetation does not preclude the determination of such an area that meets the definition of wetland.”

2.3 Habitat Conservation Plans
An HCP is a planning document required as part of an application for an incidental take permit under Section 10(a)(1)(B) of FESA. Such permits are issued by the USFWS when take is not the intention of, and is incidental to, otherwise legal activities. An application for an incidental take permit under Section 10 of FESA must be accompanied by an HCP. HCPs describe the impacts of the proposed action that may result in take of federally listed species; how those impacts will be minimized or mitigated; and how the HCP is to be funded. HCPs can apply to both listed and non-listed species, including those that are candidates or have been proposed for listing.

Conserving species before they are in danger of extinction or are likely to become so can also provide early benefits and prevent the need for listing.

The Project site and Annexation Area are within the Natomas Basin and the boundaries of the Natomas Basin Habitat Conservation Plan (NBHCP). The NBHCP (City of Sacramento et al. 2003) provides for the conservation of 22 wildlife and plant species within the Natomas Basin. The NBHCP establishes a multispecies conservation program to minimize and mitigate the expected loss of habitat values and incidental take of Covered Species that could result from urban development, operation and maintenance of irrigation and drainage systems, and certain activities associated with The Natomas Basin Conservancy (TNBC) management of its system of reserves established under the NBHCP. The NBHCP applies to the 53,537-acre area interior to the toe of levees surrounding the Natomas Basin, located in the northern portion of Sacramento County and the southern portion of Sutter County. The Basin contains incorporated and unincorporated areas within Sacramento County and Sutter County.

Management of the NBHCP is heavily focused on the two most widely distributed covered species in the Natomas Basin: Swainson’s Hawk (Buteo swainsoni) and Giant Gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas):
• Swainson’s Hawk is an upland foraging species. It nests along the Sacramento River and in isolated trees and groves throughout the Natomas Basin. The NBHCP seeks to avoid development in the Swainson’s Hawk Zone1 and to acquire upland habitat as Mitigation Lands inside the Swainson’s Hawk Zone. 1 The NBCHP Swainson’s Hawk Zone is defined as the lands which are not currently developed [excluding the 250 acres of land designated “Urban” on the City of Sacramento General Plan and the North Natomas Community Plan located within the City of Sacramento] and which are located within the Natomas Basin and within one mile east of the toe of the inside levee of the Sacramento River and extending from the Natomas Cross Canal on the north and Interstate 80 on the south.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 11 • Giant Gartersnake is found primarily in agricultural wetlands (such as rice fields) and other waterways such as drainage canals as well as adjacent uplands in many portions of the Natomas Basin2 .

It is anticipated that management of habitat for Swainson’s Hawk and Giant Gartersnake will benefit the other covered species: Aleutian Cackling Goose (Branta hutchinsii leucopareia), Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia), Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia), Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus), Tricolored Blackbird (Agelaius tricolor), White-faced Ibis (Plegadis chihi), Northwestern Pond Turtle (Actinemys marmorata), California Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma californiense), Western Spadefoot Toad (Spea hammondii), Valley Elderberry Longhorn Beetle (Desmocerus californicus dimorphus), Midvalley Fairy Shrimp (Branchinecta mesovallensis), Vernal Pool Fairy Shrimp (Branchinecta lynchi), Vernal Pool Tadpole Shrimp (Lepidurus packardi), Boggs Lake Hedge-Hyssop (Gratiola heterosepala), Colusa Grass (Neostapfia colusana), Delta Tule Pea (Lathyrus jepsonii var. jepsonii), Legenere (Legenere limosa), Sacramento Orcutt Grass (Orcuttia viscida), Slender Orcutt Grass (Orcuttia tenuis), and Sanford’s Arrowhead (Sagittaria sanfordii).

Adaptive management is a key provision of the NBHCP, allowing examination of “alternative strategies for meeting measurable goals and objectives, and then, if necessary, adjusting future conservation and management actions according to what is learned” (NBCHP Page I-41).

2.4 Local Policies and Ordinances
The Project site is located in an area of unincorporated Sacramento County that is being annexed within the City of Sacramento (City) jurisdiction, and therefore is subject to the following local and regional regulations.

2.4.1 City of Sacramento General Plan
The City of Sacramento General Plan is a set of goals, objectives, policies, implementation measures, and maps that form a blueprint for physical development within the limits of City. The General Plan contains numerous goals, policies, and strategies to protect and/or preserve environmental resources (City of Sacramento 2015).

The Environmental Resources section of the General Plan Part 2 Citywide Goals and Policies include policies to guide development and infrastructure practices with goals aimed to preserve and maintain the quality of the City’s water resources, biological species and habitats, urban forest, agricultural land, mineral resources, air, and scenic amenities.

The Water Resources element includes the goal of water quality protection through protecting local watersheds, water bodies and groundwater resources, including creeks, reservoirs, the Sacramento and American Rivers, and their shorelines. This element includes policies for conservation of open space areas, regional planning, stormwater quality, new development, limiting stormwater peak flows, post-development runoff, construction site impacts, clean watershed, groundwater recharge, and watershed education.

The Biological Resources element includes the goal of natural and open space protection through protecting and enhancing open space, natural areas, and significant wildlife and vegetation in the City as integral parts of a sustainable environment within a larger regional ecosystem. This element includes policies for resource preservation, conservation of open space, natural lands management, retaining habitat areas, riparian habitat integrity, wetland protection, annual grassland protection, oak woodland protection, wildlife corridor protection, 2 https://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es_species/Accounts/Amphibians-Reptiles/giant_garter_snake/ DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 12 habitat assessments, agency coordination, Natomas Basin HCP, supporting regional habitat conservation plan efforts, climate change-related habitat shifts and habitat restoration and enhancement, public education, and community involvement.

The Agricultural element includes the goal of urban agriculture and access to locally grown foods through expanding urban agriculture and food production and increasing the distribution and sale of locally grown fresh food.

2.4.2 City of Sacramento Code Chapter 12.56: Tree Planting, Maintenance, and Conservation The City has adopted a tree ordinance “to provide for the conservation of existing tree resources; to optimize tree canopy coverage throughout the city while recognizing individual rights to develop and make reasonable use of private property consistent with the general plan; and to provide clear standards for protection, removal, and replacement of city trees and private protected trees” (City Code § 12.56.010). For the purposes of this ordinance, the two categories of protected trees are defined as:
“City Tree” means any tree the trunk of which, when measured four and one-half feet above ground, is partially or completely located in a city park, on real property the city owns in fee, or on a public right-of-way, including any street, road, sidewalk, park strip, mow strip, or alley. “Private Protected Tree” means:
• A tree that is designated by city council resolution to have special historical value, special environmental value, or significant community benefit, and is located on private property; • Any native Valley Oak (Quercus lobata), Blue Oak (Quercus douglasii), Interior Live Oak (Quercus wislizenii), Coast Live Oak (Quercus agrifolia), California Buckeye (Aesculus californica), or California Sycamore (Platanus racemose), that has a [diameter at standard height (DSH)] of twelve inches (12) inches or more, and is located on private property; • A tree that has a DSH of twenty-four (24) inches or more located on private property that is an undeveloped lot or does not include any single unit or duplex dwellings; or • A tree that has a DSH of thirty-two (32) inches or more located on private property that includes any single unit or duplex dwelling.

The City recognizes that “trees are a signature of the city and are an important element in promoting the wellbeing of the citizens of Sacramento” (City Code § 12.56.010). The City requires a tree permit to perform any activity, not including routine maintenance, that could adversely impact the health of a city tree or private protected tree (City Code Section 12.56.020). These regulated work activities include to following:
• Removal of a tree;
• Pruning of branches or roots;
• Affixing signs, lights, or other hardware to a tree;
• Grading, clearing, excavating, adding fill soil, trenching, boring, compacting, or paving within the tree protection zone;
• Placing or storing construction equipment or construction material within the tree protection zone; • Application of any harmful substance within the tree protection zone; and • Topping of a tree.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 13 3 Methods
This Assessment is informed by data from a desktop analysis of the literature and numerous resource databases, as well as field surveys. The methods used to complete these surveys and desktop analyses are described below.

3.1 Desktop Review
Prior to conducting field surveys, Bargas conducted an initial review of literature and data sources to characterize biological conditions and to compile records of sensitive biological resources that could potentially occur in the Biological Study Area. The methods used for this analysis are described below.

3.1.1 Biological Setting
The biological setting includes terrain, hydrology, soils, land uses, and other features that support or inhibit biological resources in an area. In order to better understand the biological setting of the project, the following resources were reviewed in detail:
• US Fish and Wildlife Service’s National Wetlands Inventory (USFWS 2021) to determine if surface waters and wetlands have been mapped on or adjacent to the Biological Study Area. • US Geological Survey’s National Hydrography Dataset (USGS 2021) to determine if hydrological features have been mapped on or adjacent to the Biological Study Area. • US Department of Agriculture National Resource Conservation Service Web Soil Survey (NRCS 2021) to map and describe soil(s) within the Biological Study Area.

Google Earth Pro aerial map images of the Biological Study Area, including historical aerial images.

3.1.2 Special Status Species & Habitats
It is important to create a well-defined list of habitats and species that could reasonably be expected to occur on the Project site in order to analyze potential Project effects on biological resources effectively. The following describes how the list of potentially-occurring special status biological resources was assembled.

3.1.2.1 Data Sources
Species and habitat occurrences were queried from the following resources:
• US Fish and Wildlife Service’s Information for Planning and Consultation portal (IPaC) (USFWS 2022) for a list of federally listed species and designated critical habitat recommended for impact analysis consideration, based on an upload of the Biological Study Area limits. • California Department of Fish and Wildlife’s California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB) (CDFW 2022) for special status species and habitat records within the Regional Study Area. • California Native Plant Society’s Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (CNPSa 2022) for a list ofspecial status plant species occurrences within the USGS 7.5-minute quadrangles that overlap the Regional Study Area.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 14

3.1.2.2 Special Status Designations Considered
A variety of agencies and respected non-profit organizations assess the conservation status of plant and wildlife species, however, not all are applicable to this Assessment. The following special status designations were considered when determining special status species to be discussed in this Assessment:
• Federal Status: Species listed as Endangered (FE) or Threatened (FT), as well as species Proposed as Endangered (FPE), Proposed as Threatened (FPT), Proposed for Delisting (FPD), and Candidates (FC) for listing under the Federal Endangered Species Act.
• California Status: Species listed as Endangered (CE) or Threatened (CT), as well as species that are Candidates for Endangered (CCE) status, Threatened (CCT) status, or Delisting (CCD) under the California Endangered Species Act. Also considered are species listed as Fully Protected (FP) and Species of Special Concern (SSC).
• CNPS Status: All California Rare Plant Ranks (CRPR) maintained by the CNPS Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants.
• Vegetation Communities: All vegetation communities mapped by the CNDDB.

3.1.3 Occurrence Potential
Following the desktop review, field surveys, and habitat analyses, Bargas assessed the potential for the occurrence of special status species in the Biological Study Area. Biological conditions (vegetation communities, wildlife habitats, disturbances, etc.) and the habitat and life cycle requirements of special status species identified for analysis in the desktop review were considered. “Recent” occurrences are defined as observed within the past 30 years. Based on these considerations, species were assigned to the following categories:
• Present: Species is known to occur in Biological Study Area based on recent surveys, CNDDB (within 30 years), or other records.
• High: Species with known recent recorded occurrences/populations near the Biological Study Area and highly suitable habitat occurs within the Biological Study Area. Highly suitable habitat includes all necessary elements to support the species (e.g., elevation, hydrology, soils, cover, habitat type, food resources).
• Moderate. Species with known recent recorded occurrences/populations near the Biological Study Area; however, habitat within the Biological Study Area has been moderately disturbed, fragmented, or is small in extent. Moderately suitable habitat includes several elements to support the species (e.g., elevation, hydrology, soils, cover, habitat type, food resources). Furthermore, moderately suitable habitat may also be located at the edge of the species’ range, or there are no reported occurrences nearby. • Low. Species with few known recent recorded occurrences/populations near the Biological Study Area and habitat within the Biological Study Area is highly disturbed or extremely limited. A low potential is assigned to annual or perennial plant species that may have been detectable during a focused survey in the appropriate blooming period but was not found; however, small populations or scattered individuals are still considered to have a low potential to occur. Additionally, species for which poor-quality habitat may support the species within the Biological Study Area, but the reported extant range is far outside the Biological Study Area and/or any species observations would anticipate being migratory (i.e., not likely to reproduce within the Biological Study Area).

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 15 • Presumed Absent/No Potential. Focused surveys were conducted and the species was not detected, or the species was found in the desktop review, but suitable habitat (soil, vegetation, elevational range) was not found in the BSA, or the BSA is not within the known geographic range of the species.

The potential for bird species were further distinguished into those that may: 1) nest within or near the Biological Study Area; 2) forage within or near the Biological Study Area; and/or 3) occur on or near the Biological Study Area only as transients during migratory flights or other dispersal events.

3.2 Field Surveys
Bargas biologists conducted five survey site visits for biological resources from October 2021 to July 2022. Survey dates, times, personnel, and weather conditions are summarized in Table 1 below. The biological survey was conducted across two site visits conducted in March and April 2022. These pedestrian surveys consisted of transects through the Project site, scanning adjacent areas within the Biological Study Area and Annexation Area using binoculars. The entirety of the Project site and areas within the Biological Study Area and Annexation Area accessible from public rights-of-way or visible from the Project site were evaluated for the presence of habitat components that could support special status plant and wildlife species identified during the literature and database review described above. The biological surveys conducted were comprehensive but do not equate to protocol-level surveys defined by regulating and/or resource protection agencies.

The surveys also included a formal aquatic resources delineation conducted in October 2021 and July 2022, for which the detailed USACE methodology can be found in the Aquatic Resources Delineation Report prepared for the Project (Bargas 2022). A site visit was also conducted in May 2022 with the Applicant and staff from various agencies during which additional bird species observations were documented.

The surveys occurred within the typical nesting bird season (February 15 – August 31) and within the blooming period of all 27 special status plant species identified in the literature and database review.

Table 1. Survey Summary Table
Date Biologist(s) Time
Start Conditions End Conditions
Temp Clouds Wind Temp Clouds Wind
October
27, 2021
Krystal
Pulsipher,
Bekah
Christianson
0845 - 1300 52°F Mostly
Cloudy
Light Breeze
out of the
South
64°F Mostly
Clear
Light
Breeze out
of the
Northwest
October
28, 2021
Krystal
Pulsipher,
Bekah
Christianson
0845 - 1500 54°F Mostly Clear
Light Breeze
out of the
Southeast
72°F Mostly
Clear Calm
March 9,
2022
Krystal
Pulsipher,
Bekah
Christianson
0830 - 1545 50°F Partly
Cloudy
Moderate
Breeze out
of the
Southwest
70°F Partly
Cloudy
Light
Breeze out
of the
Northwest
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 16 Date Biologist(s) Time
Start Conditions End Conditions
Temp Clouds Wind Temp Clouds Wind
April 12,
2022
Owen Routt,
Sophia Chau 0900 - 1345 57°F Partly Cloudy Calm 61°F Clear Calm May 27,
2022
Krystal
Pulsipher,
Marcus
England
0845 - 1100 70°F Clear Calm 75°F Clear Calm
July 5,
2022
Krystal
Pulsipher 1400 – 1350 87°F Mostly Clear
Light Breeze
out of the
Southwest
89°F Mostly
Clear
Light
Breeze out
of the
Southwest

3.3 Taxonomy and Nomenclature
Every effort was made to use naming standards that are recognized by the scientific community, with the understanding that – for many wildlife groups – scientists may not always agree on a standard source. Because of this, some common names used in this report may not be the same as those used by the underlying data sources for species records. Bargas maintains a yearly-updated reference species list which uses the following taxonomic sources:
• Birds – American Ornithological Society Check-list and Supplements (AOS 1998). • Mammals – The reference list in the CDFW’s California Wildlife Habitats Relationships Database (CDFW 2014), with updates based on the American Society of Mammologists Mammal Diversity Database (2020). • Reptiles and Amphibians – The technical website californiaherps.com, which is regularly updated based on the latest taxonomic literature.
• Fish – Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico, 7th edition (AFS 2013)
• Invertebrates – no naming standard was identified that was current and applicable to freshwater and terrestrial invertebrates. Names used by the underlying data sources when a species was first identified were retained.
• Plants – the Jepson eFlora (Jepson Flora Project 2021) Birds have the most well-established naming standards of all taxonomic groups. These standards include instructions for the proper use of capitalization for common names to make clear that, for example, someone mentioning a Blue-winged Teal refers to the species “Blue-winged Teal” and not any species of teal with blue wings. The capitalization standards used for birds have been used with other taxa as well throughout this report.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 17 4 Results
This section discusses in detail what is known about biological resources in the Biological Study Area based on information from field surveys, 151 CNDDB records, 21 CNPS records, 8 IPaC records, and 4 critical habitat determinations in the Regional Study Area.

4.1 Biological Setting
When viewing the Regional Study Area limits in its entirety on aerial photography, the defining land use of the region is agriculture. Urban land uses are also significant and comprise the majority land use of the southeastern third of the Regional Study Area. Natural habitats are present, however, including interspersed and sometimes substantial annual grasslands, shrublands, and riparian woodlands along the margins of the Sacramento River in the west and American River in the southeast. Special status habitats such as vernal pools are also present in the region, particularly on sites with lesser disturbance. There are no significant terrain features present in the Regional Study Area: elevations range from approximately 15 to 100 feet above mean sea level. The Regional Study Area is within the Lower Sacramento watershed, Hydrologic Unit Code-8 18020109.

4.2 Soils
Six soil types exist within the Project site, as summarized in Table 2 below with the types, parent material, drainage class, and hydric rating. A map showing soils is provided as Exhibit 3. The NRCS soil report for the Project site is included in Appendix D. These same soil types also continue off-site into the Annexation Area as also shown on Exhibit 3.

Table 2. Soil Series within the Biological Study Area
Soil Series Map Unit
Number
Map Unit
Symbol
Parent Material Drainage Class Hydric Rating
Capay clay loam, 0 – 2%
slopes, occasionally
flooded
113 hhlm Alluvium Moderately well
drained
No
Clear Lake clay, hardpan
substratum, drained, 0-1%
slopes
115 hhlp Alluvium Somewhat poorly
drained
Yes
Cosumnes silt loam,
partially drained, 0-2%
slopes
127 2x415 Alluvium derived
from igneous and
metamorphic rock
Somewhat poorly
drained
Yes
Jacktone clay, drained, 0-
2% slopes
161 hhn5 Alluvium Somewhat poorly
drained
Yes
San Joaquin silt loam,
leveled, 0-1% slopes
213 hhpv Alluvium derived
from granite
Moderately well
drained
No
San Joaquin silt loam, 0-3%
slopes
214 hhpw Alluvium derived
from granite
Moderately well
drained
No
Source: NRCS 2022
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 19

4.3 Aquatic Resources

4.3.1 Project Site
A total of 2.018 acres (15,424 linear feet) of potential jurisdictional tributary drainages and other waters of the U.S. have been identified within the Project site. Table 3 below provides a summary of these features, including feature type, acreage, and length. Exhibit 4 displays each feature identified in the Project site. These features are subject to the interpretation and verification of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Sacramento District Regulatory Division.

Table 3. Aquatic Features Observed in the Study Area
Feature Name Area (acres)* Length (linear feet)
Tributary Drainages
Canal-1 0.04 2,149
Canal-2 1.46 3,204
Canal-3 0.001 5,335
Subtotal: 1.501 10,688
Other Waters
Ditch-1 0.19 2,278
Ditch-2 0.39 2,458
Subtotal: 0.58 4,736
Grand Total: 2.081 15,424
Source: Bargas, 2022. *Acreages are calculated estimations that are subject to modification pending formal verification by USACE.

These features are best described as canals and ditches artificially excavated. The canals are operated and maintained by Reclamation District 1000 for the purpose of conveying stormwater and irrigation runoff collected in various smaller ditches and stormwater infrastructure in the local vicinity to one of several main drainage canals.

Pumping plants along the main drainage canals then release water to the Sacramento River in a controlled manner. Canal-3 is the West Drainage Canal, one of the main drainage canals. The canals vary in size with OHWM widths ranging from approximately 25 to 54 feet with unknown depths. Duckweed (Lemna species) and dead material from Floating Water Primrose (Ludwigia peploides) were observed within the canals. The canal banks were relatively steep and vegetated by weedy species that grow in disturbed places, including Black Mustard (Brassica nigra), Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum), Ripgut Grass (Bromus diandrus), Rye Grass (Festuca perennis), Poison Hemlock (Conium maculatum), and Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare). The ditches convey stormwater and irrigation runoff from adjacent lands to one of several of the canals described above. The ditches vary in size with OHWM widths ranging from 3 to 7 feet and depths of 1 to 1.5 feet. Ditch-1 contained several large patches of shrub cover in the form of Himalayan Blackberry (Rubus armeniacus) with dominant plant species observed were Common Tule (Schoenoplectus acutus var. occidentalis), Tall Flatsedge (Cyperus eragrostis), Curly Dock (Rumex crispus), Johnson Grass (Sorghum halepense), and Bristly Ox-Tongue (Helminthotheca echioides). Ditch-2 did not contain any shrub cover and the dominant plant species observed were Annual Beard Grass (Polypogon DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 20 monspeliensis), Tall Flatsedge, and Curly Dock. The ditch banks were also relatively steep and vegetated by similar weedy type plant species as described for the canals above.

Canal-1 and Canal-2 are direct tributaries to Canal-3 (West Drainage Canal). Ditch-1 has direct hydrologic connectivity to Canal-3 within the Project site and Ditch-2 has direct hydrologic connectivity to Canal-1 outside of the Project site. Canal-3 is tributary to the Sacramento River, a USACE designated traditional navigable waterway, via multiple pumping stations managed by Reclamation District 1000. These features are subject to the interpretation and verification of the USACE Sacramento District Regulatory Division.

4.3.2 Annexation Area
Bargas examined data layers within the NHD and NWI to determine potential jurisdictional features within the Annexation Area. For linear features, both datasets show the area’s canals and no other feature types. Several wetland features, however, are mapped by the NWI within the Annexation Area. These are discussed below and shown on Exhibit 5.

4.3.2.1 PEM1A
NWI features classified as PEM1A are located in the northwest corner of the Annexation Area (approximately 1.4 acres) and north-central portion of the Annexation Area (approximately 2.3 acres), the latter of which is connected to an area mapped as PEM1C (discussed below in Section 4.3.2.2). The NWI’s definition of PEM1A features is as follows:

Palustrine - Emergent Persistent - Temporarily Flooded
Palustrine wetlands are often dominated by trees, shrubs, or other emergent vegetation and include habitats traditionally called marsh, swamp, bog, fen, or prairie. Wetlands lacking emergent vegetation but that are smaller than 20 acres (8 ha), have little wave action, are < 8.2 feet (2.5 m) deep, and have salinity < 0.5 ppt are also classified as Palustrine.

Persistent Emergent wetlands are dominated by plants which have leaves and stems above the surface of the water during the entire year. In these wetlands emergent plants are the tallest life form and cover > 30% of the area.

This wetland is Temporarily Flooded with surface water present for a few days to a few weeks during the growing season. The water table usually lies well below the ground surface for the most of the season.

Typical species include:

4.3.2.2 PEM1C
An NWI feature classified as PEM1C measuring approximately 4 acres in extent is located in the north-central portion of the Annexation Area and is connected to an area mapped as PEM1A (discussed above in Section

4.3.2.1). The NWI’s definition of PEM1C features is as follows:

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 21 Palustrine- Emergent Persistent - Seasonally Flooded
Palustrine wetlands are often dominated by trees, shrubs, or other emergent vegetation and include habitats traditionally called marsh, swamp, bog, fen, or prairie. Wetlands lacking emergent vegetation but that are smaller than 20 acres (8 ha), have little wave action, are < 8.2 feet (2.5 m) deep, and have salinity < 0.5 ppt are also classified as Palustrine.

This wetland is Seasonally Flooded with surface water present for extended periods during the growing season but absent by the end of the season in most years. When surface water is absent the depth to substrate saturation may vary considerably among sites and among years.

Typical species include:

4.3.2.3 PSSC
An NWI feature classified as PSSC measuring approximately 1.5 acres in extent is located in the southeast portion of the Annexation Area. The NWI’s definition of PSSC features is as follows:

Palustrine - Shrub/Scrub - Seasonally Flooded
Palustrine wetlands are often dominated by trees, shrubs, or other emergent vegetation and include habitats traditionally called marsh, swamp, bog, fen, or prairie. Wetlands lacking emergent vegetation but that are smaller than 20 acres (8 ha), have little wave action, are < 8.2 feet (2.5 m) deep, and have salinity < 0.5 ppt are also classified as Palustrine.

Shrub/Scrub wetlands are dominated by woody plants < 6m (20 ft) tall that cover > 30% of the area. While these wetlands only occur in the Estuarine and Palustrine Systems, they are one of the most widespread wetland classes in the United States.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 22 Exhibit 4. Aquatic Resources Delineation
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 23 Exhibit 5. National Wetlands Inventory Within Annexation Area DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 24

4.4 Habitats and Vegetation Communities

4.4.1 Extant Vegetation Communities
The following sections describe the vegetation communities and other landcover types found within the Biological Study Area. Plant community names follow A Manual of California Vegetation: Second Edition (CNPS 2022), where applicable. The majority of the Biological Study Area, including the Project site, is composed of semi-natural vegetation alliances. The forest/woodland communities described below contain an understory more typical of these semi-natural vegetation alliances. Table 4 below provides a summary of the vegetation communities and land cover observed within the Biological Study Area. Photographs showing vegetation conditions during the field surveys are provided in Appendix C.

Table 4. Vegetation Community Summary.

Common Name Scientific Name Project
Site Acres
Biological
Study
Area Only
Acres
TOTAL
Acres
Perennial Rye Grass Fields Lolium perenne Herbaceous Semi-Natural Alliance 260.49 9.44 269.93
Upland Mustards or Star-thistle
Fields
Brassica nigra - Centaurea (solstitialis,
melitensis) Herbaceous Semi-Natural Alliance 69.44 60.66 130.10 Disturbed/Developed Disturbed/Developed 5.23 36.58 41.81 Open Water Open Water 1.93 9.20 11.13
Unknown Row Crops Unknown Row Crops 0.00 4.58 4.58
Poison Hemlock or Fennel
Patches
Conium maculatum - Foeniculum vulgare
Herbaceous Semi-Natural Alliance 1.28 2.63 3.91
Himalayan Blackberry - Rattlebox
- Edible Fig Riparian Scrub
Rubus armeniacus - Sesbania punicea - Ficus
carica Shrubland Semi-Natural Alliance 0.53 0.75 1.28
Goodding's Willow - Red Willow
Riparian Woodland and Forest
Salix gooddingii - Salix laevigata Forest &
Woodland Alliance 0.37 0.40 0.77
Valley Oak Riparian Forest and
Woodland
Quercus lobata Riparian Forest & Woodland
Alliance 0.07 0.69 0.75
Hardstem and California Bulrush
Marshes
Schoenoplectus (acutus, californicus)
Herbaceous Alliance 0.22 0.00 0.22
Cattail Marsh Typha (angustifolia, domingensis, latifolia) Herbaceous Alliance 0.02 0.00 0.02
Grand Total 339.57 124.93 464.50

4.4.1.1 Perennial Rye Grass Fields
Perennial Rye Grass Fields (Lolium perenne [now Festuca perennis] Herbaceous Semi-Natural Alliance) can be found on 260.49 acres, or 76.71%, of the Project site and on 9.44 acres, or 2.03% of the Biological Study Area beyond the Project site boundary. Historic aerial imagery and field observations suggest the vegetation in these areas may be managed through mowing or shallow tilling for fire fuel abatement. This vegetation community was observed within two large fallowed agricultural fields, lower topographical roadside areas that receive sheet flow storm water runoff from the roads including the areas west and east of Metro Air Parkway north of Bayou Way, DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 25 and Ditch-2. The dominant plant species observed in these areas was Rye Grass with smaller amounts of the following species also observed: Perennial Pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium), Ripgut Grass, Little-seeded Canary Grass (Phalaris minor), and Johnson Grass.

4.4.1.2 Upland Mustards or Star-thistle Fields
Upland Mustards or Star-thistle Fields (Brassica nigra – Centaurea [solstitialis, melitensis] Herbaceous SemiNatural Alliance) can be found on 60.44 acres, or 20.45%, of the Project site and on 60.66 acres, or 13.06% of the Biological Study Area beyond the Project site boundary. Historic aerial imagery and field observations suggest the vegetation in most areas of these areas may be managed through mowing or shallow tilling for fire fuel abatement.

This vegetation community was observed within one large fallowed agricultural field and most roadside areas.

The dominant plants species observed in these areas included Black Mustard, Jointed Charlock (Raphanus raphinastrum), Little Mallow (Malva parviflora), Bristly Ox-Tongue, and Ripgut Grass.

4.4.1.3 Developed / Disturbed
Developed / disturbed land cover can be found on 5.23 acres, or 1.54%, of the Project site and on 36.58 acres, or

7.87% of the Biological Study Area beyond the Project site boundary. Several paved roads transect the Biological Study Area and Project site, including Powerline Road, Bayou Way, Interstate 5, and an irrigation district access road. Bayou Way transects the northern end of the Project site and the southern end of Metro Air Parkway terminates at Bayou Way within the Project site boundary. A paved irrigation district access road also transects the northern end of the Project site along the south side of Ditch-2 between Bayou Way and Interstate 5.

Interstate 5 is present within the northern end of the Biological Study Area beyond the Project site. The east side of the Biological Study Area also overlaps the edge of a line of homes in a residential neighborhood. The areas described above are best described as developed. Gravel road shoulders adjacent to paved roads, an unpaved farm road south of Canal-3, a construction yard on the south side of Bayou Way west of Metro Air Park, and a fire break and unpaved fire road along the east side of the Biological Study Area are best described as disturbed.

4.4.1.4 Open Water
Open water in the form of canals and ditches can be found on 1.93 acres, or 0.57%, of the Project site and 9.20 acres, or 1.98%, of the Biological Study Area beyond the Project site. These areas include aquatic features Canal1, Canal-2, Canal-3, and Ditch-2 mapped during the formal aquatic resources delineation. These four features were observed to be inundated and lacking significant amounts of living emergent vegetation during most of the surveys.

4.4.1.5 Unknown Row Crops
Unknown row crop land cover can be found on 4.58 acres, or 1.98% of the Biological Study Area beyond the Project site boundary. The agricultural field present south of Canal-3 and adjacent to Powerline Road is best described as row crop agriculture and the species being cultivated and those plant species otherwise present are unknown.

4.4.1.6 Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches
Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches (Conium maculatum – Foeniculum vulgare Herbaceous Semi-Natural Alliance) can be found on 1.28 acres, or 0.38%, of the Project site and 2.63 acres, 0.57%, of the Biological Study Area beyond the Project site boundary. Historic aerial imagery and field observations suggest the vegetation in these areas may not be as regularly managed for fire fuel abatement due to their locations along the corners or edges of fields.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 26 The dominant plant species observed in these areas include Poison Hemlock, Fennel, Milk Thistle, Wild Teasel (Dipsacus fullonum), Little Mallow, and Ripgut.

4.4.1.7 Himalayan Blackberry – Rattlebox – Edible Fig Riparian Scrub Himalayan Blackberry – Rattlebox – Edible Fig Riparian Scrub (Rubus armeniacus - Sesbania punicea – Ficus carica Shrubland Semi-Natural Alliance) can be found on 0.37 acres, or 0.11%, of the Project site and 0.75 acres, or 0.16%, of the Biological Study Area beyond the Project site boundary. This community is present in large patches along Ditch-1 and along a smaller ditch present just outside of the southeastern Project site boundary. These patches are predominantly composed of Himalayan Blackberry with smaller amounts of the following species also observed: Western Poison Oak (Toxicodendron diversilobum), Edible Fig (Ficus carica), Wild Teasel, Poison Hemlock, and Fennel.

4.4.1.8 Goodding’s Willow – Red Willow Riparian Woodland and Forest Goodding’s Willow – Red Willow Riparian Woodland and Forest (Salix gooddingii – Salix laevigata Forest and Woodland Alliance) can be found on 0.37 acres, or 0.11%, of the Project site and 0.40 acres, or 0.09% of the Biological Study Area beyond the Project site boundary. This community is present adjacent to the south bank of Canal-2 where it turns east to follow parallel to Bayou Way, and along a ditch on the north side of Bayou Way within the Biological Study Area but outside of the Project site boundary. The trees are all of a single species, Goodding’s Willow (Salix gooddingii), and range in height from approximately 15 to 25 feet tall. Himalayan Blackberry, Common Tule, Tall Flatsedge, Curly Dock, and Johnson Grass are present in the understory along the ditch. Other parts of the understory are characterized by weedy species more typical of the Perennial Rye Grass Field, Upland Mustards and Star-thistle Field, and Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patch communities described in the sections above.

4.4.1.9 Valley Oak Riparian Forest Woodland
Valley Oak Riparian Forest Woodland (Quercus lobata Riparian Forest and Woodland Alliance) can be found on

0.07 acres, or 0.02%, of the Project site and 0.69 acres, or 0.15%, of the Biological Study Area beyond the Project site boundary. This community is present within and adjacent to both banks of Canal-2 where it meets Canal-3 on the southern side of the Biological Study Area. Several small groves of trees are also present along both banks of Canal-3 to the west of Canal-2. The trees are all of a single species, Valley Oak (Quercus lobata), and range in height from approximately 15 to 40 feet tall. Many of the trees are rooted within the bank and are failing as the bank erodes into the canal. The understory is characterized by weedy species more typical of the Perennial Rye Grass Field, Upland Mustards and Star-thistle Field, and Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patch communities described in the sections above.

4.4.1.10 Hardstem and California Bullrush Marsh
Hardstem and California Bulrush Marsh (Schoenoplectus [acutus, californicus] Herbaceous Alliance) can be found on 0.22 acres, or 0.07%, of the Project site only. The dominant plant species observed in these areas included Common Tule, Tall Flatsedge, Curly Dock, Johnson Grass, and Bristly Ox-Tongue. A few Fremont Cottonwood (Populus fremonti) trees, ranging from approximately 15 to 30 feet in height, are present and rooted within or adjacent to Ditch-1 where this community is present.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 27

4.4.1.11 Cattail Marsh
Cattail Marsh (Typha [angustifolia, domingensis, latifolia] Herbaceous Alliance) can be found on 0.02 acres, or

0.01%, of the Project site only. The southern end of Ditch-1 widens just north of where it discharges to the West Drainage Canal and contains two patches of this vegetation community. These areas are dominated by Cattail species (Typha sp.) with smaller amounts of Common Tule.

4.4.2 Sensitive Vegetation Communities
The Biological Study Area contains two vegetation community alliances identified by CDFW and CNPS as sensitive communities (CNPSb 2022). Goodding’s Willow – Red Willow Riparian Woodland and Valley Oak Riparian Forest and Woodland alliances described above as being present within the Biological Study Area are S3-ranked sensitive vegetation communities. Hardstem and California Bulrush Marsh is also present in the Biological Study Area and is an S3/S4-ranked sensitive vegetation community.

A total of two sensitive vegetation communities were mapped by the CNDDB within the Regional Study Area.

These communities and their potential for occurrence are discussed below:
• Great Valley Cottonwood Riparian Forest
1 CNDDB record(s) in the Regional Study Area. Potential for Occurrence: None. Nearest CNDDB record is more than 4 miles to the south along the Sacramento River. Community is not present on the Project site, Biological Study Area, or Annexation Area based on aerial photography and surveys. • Northern Claypan Vernal Pool
1 CNDDB record(s) in the Regional Study Area. Potential for Occurrence: None. The only CNDDB record for this community is 4 miles to the east along Dry Creek. Community is not present on the Project site, Biological Study Area, or Annexation Area based on aerial photography and surveys.

4.4.3 Communities in the Annexation Area
Vegetation communities in the Annexation Area are a continuation of and consistent with the Biological Study Area’s vegetation. Cover is dominated by Perennial Rye Grass Fields, Upland Mustards or Star-thistle Fields, and Disturbed with some riparian communities associated with the areas mapped by the NWI as described in Section

4.3.2. DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 28 Exhibit 6. Vegetation and Land Cover
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 29

4.5 Plants

4.5.1 Plant Diversity
A total 53 plant taxa were detected during field surveys. A list of all plant taxa detected during field surveys is provided in Appendix A. Of the species detected, only thirteen are native to California and 19 of the non-native species observed are recognized as invasive. Areas heavily disturbed by anthropogenic activities such as rural and urban development and agricultural activities can be expected to have lower floral diversity than areas containing intact natural plant communities and habitats. The majority of the Biological Study Area is composed of seminatural vegetation alliances, as described in Section 4.4, which are dominated by non-native species. The understory of the forest/woodland alliances described above are dominated by non-native species, and the natural alliances present within the ditches are heavily infiltrated by non-native species.

4.5.2 Special Status Plants
The desktop review determined that 20 plant taxa with special status had been documented as occurring within the Regional Study Area. These taxa and their occurrence potential are discussed below and summarized in Appendix B.

4.5.2.1 Taxa Confirmed Present
No special status plant taxa from desktop analysis were determined to be Present in the Biological Study Area.

None would be expected in the Annexation Area.

4.5.2.2 Taxa With High Potential for Occurrence
No special status plant taxa from desktop analysis were determined to have High potential for occurrence in the Biological Study Area. None would be expected in the Annexation Area.

4.5.2.3 Taxa with Moderate Potential for Occurrence
No special status plant taxa from desktop analysis were determined to have Moderate potential for occurrence in the Biological Study Area. None would be expected in the Annexation Area.

4.5.2.4 Taxa with Low Potential for Occurrence
The following six special status plant taxa from desktop analysis were determined to have Low potential for occurrence in the Biological Study Area. Likewise, all six would be expected to have the same potential for occurrence in the Annexation Area.

Pappose Tarplant
Asteraceae > Centromadia parryi ssp. parryi
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms May-Nov
Habitat Requirements: Chaparral, Coastal prairie, Marshes and swamps, Meadows and seeps, Valley and foothill grassland at elevations ranging from 0 to 1,380 feet.

Microhabitat: Alkaline (often)
Inclusion Source(s): CNPS
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 30 Habitat Present: Low Quality
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest records are 8.5 miles to the southwest. All records are west and south of the Biological Study Area, which may be outside of the range of the species. Not expected due to agriculture-related site disturbance.

Heckard's Pepper-Grass
Brassicaceae > Lepidium latipes var. heckardii
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms Mar-May
Habitat Requirements: Valley and foothill grassland at elevations ranging from 5 to 655 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): CNPS
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Low Quality
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest extant occurrence is 7.5 miles to the southwest. Not expected due to agriculture-related site disturbance.

San Joaquin Spearscale
Chenopodiaceae > Extriplex joaquinana
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms Apr-Oct
Habitat Requirements: Chenopod scrub, Meadows and seeps, Playas, Valley and foothill grassland at elevations ranging from 5 to 2,740 feet.

Microhabitat: Alkaline
Inclusion Source(s): CNPS
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Low Quality
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest records are 7.5 miles to the west. All records are west of the Project site, which may be outside of the range of the species. Not expected due to agriculture-related site disturbance.

Woolly Rose-Mallow
Malvaceae > Hibiscus lasiocarpos var. occidentalis
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: perennial rhizomatous herb (emergent) blooms Jun-Sep Habitat Requirements: Marshes and swamps at elevations ranging from 0 to 395 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB, CNPS
CNDDB Records: 2
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 31 Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Low Quality
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest record was at the margins of a canal. Unlikely to be present because of site disturbance, but cannot be entirely dismissed.

Palmate-bracted Bird's-Beak
Orobanchaceae > Chloropyron palmatum
FESA: Federal Endangered, CESA: California Endangered, CRPR 1B.1 California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: annual herb (hemiparasitic) blooms May-Oct Habitat Requirements: Chenopod scrub, Valley and foothill grassland at elevations ranging from 15 to 510 feet.

Microhabitat: Alkaline
Inclusion Source(s): CNPS
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Low Quality
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest records are 7.5 miles west of the Project site, which may be outside of the species' range. Unlikely to be present because of site disturbance, but cannot be entirely dismissed.

Sanford's Arrowhead
Alismataceae > Sagittaria sanfordii
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: perennial rhizomatous herb (emergent) blooms May-Oct (Nov) Habitat Requirements: Marshes and swamps at elevations ranging from 0 to 2,135 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB, CNPS, HCP
CNDDB Records: 1
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Low Quality
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Known to occur along roadside ditches and canals, however, all records are to the east and southeast and the Project site appears to be at the edge or outside of its distribution.

4.5.2.5 Taxa with No Potential for Occurrence
The following 14 special status plant taxa from desktop analysis were determined to have No potential for occurrence in the Biological Study Area. Likewise, none of these taxa would be expected to occur in the Annexation Area.

Suisun Marsh Aster
Asteraceae > Symphyotrichum lentum
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 32 FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: perennial rhizomatous herb blooms (Apr) May-Nov Habitat Requirements: Marshes and swamps at elevations ranging from 0 to 10 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): CNPS
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest record is 7.5 miles to the southwest. Outside of species’ known distribution range.

Dwarf Downingia
Campanulaceae > Downingia pusilla
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 2B.2
California Endemic: False
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms Mar-May
Habitat Requirements: Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools at elevations ranging from 5 to 1,460 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB, CNPS
CNDDB Records: 3
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB records are 3.8 miles to the east. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (vernal pool).

Legenere
Campanulaceae > Legenere limosa
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.1
California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms Apr-Jun
Habitat Requirements: Vernal pools at elevations ranging from 5 to 2,885 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): CNPS, HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB record is 5.5 miles to the east. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (vernal pool).

Heartscale
Chenopodiaceae > Atriplex cordulata var. cordulata
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: True
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 33 Growth Habit: annual herb blooms Apr-Oct
Habitat Requirements: Chenopod scrub, Meadows and seeps, Valley and foothill grassland at elevations ranging from 0 to 1,835 feet.

Microhabitat: Alkaline (sometimes)
Inclusion Source(s): CNPS
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest extant occurrence is 25 miles to the southwest. Outside of species’ known distribution range.

Brittlescale
Chenopodiaceae > Atriplex depressa
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms Apr-Oct
Habitat Requirements: Chenopod scrub, Meadows and seeps, Playas, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools at elevations ranging from 5 to 1,050 feet.

Microhabitat: Alkaline, Clay
Inclusion Source(s): CNPS
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB records are 6.7 miles to the west. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (playas).

Ferris' Milk-Vetch
Fabaceae > Astragalus tener var. ferrisiae
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.1
California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms Apr-May
Habitat Requirements: Meadows and seeps, Valley and foothill grassland at elevations ranging from 5 to 245 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): CNPS
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB records are 6.2 miles to the south. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (alkaline flats, vernally moist meadows).

Alkali Milk-Vetch
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 34 Fabaceae > Astragalus tener var. tener
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms Mar-Jun
Habitat Requirements: Playas, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools at elevations ranging from 5 to 195 feet.

Microhabitat: Alkaline
Inclusion Source(s): CNPS
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB records are 7.5 miles to the southwest. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (playas, vernal pools).

Delta Tule Pea
Fabaceae > Lathyrus jepsonii var. jepsonii
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: perennial herb blooms May-Jul (Aug-Sep)
Habitat Requirements: Marshes and swamps at elevations ranging from 0 to 15 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB record is 25 miles to the south. Outside of species’ known distribution range.

Saline Clover
Fabaceae > Trifolium hydrophilum
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms Apr-Jun
Habitat Requirements: Marshes and swamps, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools at elevations ranging from 0 to 985 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): CNPS
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest records are 7.5 miles to the west. All records are west and south of the Project site, which may be outside of the range of the species.

Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (salt marsh).

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 35 Boggs Lake Hedge-Hyssop
Plantaginaceae > Gratiola heterosepala
FESA: None, CESA: California Endangered, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: False
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms Apr-Aug
Habitat Requirements: Marshes and swamps (lake margins), Vernal pools at elevations ranging from 35 to 7,790 feet.

Microhabitat: Clay
Inclusion Source(s): CNPS, HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB records are 5.6 miles to the northeast. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (lake margins, vernal pools).

Colusa Grass
Poaceae > Neostapfia colusana
FESA: Federal Threatened, CESA: California Endangered, CRPR 1B.1 California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms May-Aug
Habitat Requirements: Vernal pools at elevations ranging from 15 to 655 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB records are 13 miles to the southwest. Outside of species’ known distribution range.

Slender Orcutt Grass
Poaceae > Orcuttia tenuis
FESA: Federal Threatened, CESA: California Endangered, CRPR 1B.1 California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms May-Sep (Oct)
Habitat Requirements: Vernal pools at elevations ranging from 115 to 5,775 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest record is 20 miles to the southeast. Outside of species’ known distribution range.

Sacramento Orcutt Grass
DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 36 Poaceae > Orcuttia viscida
FESA: Federal Endangered, CESA: California Endangered, CRPR 1B.1 California Endemic: True
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms Apr-Jul (Sep)
Habitat Requirements: Vernal pools at elevations ranging from 100 to 330 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: No
Determination Reason: Nearest records are 17 miles to the east. Outside of species’ known distribution range.

California Alkali Grass
Poaceae > Puccinellia simplex
FESA: None, CESA: None, CRPR 1B.2
California Endemic: False
Growth Habit: annual herb blooms Mar-May
Habitat Requirements: Chenopod scrub, Meadows and seeps, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal pools at elevations ranging from 5 to 3,050 feet.

Inclusion Source(s): CNPS
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Soils Present: Unknown
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB records are 7 miles to the west and southwest. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (saline flats, mineral springs).

4.6 Wildlife

4.6.1 Wildlife Diversity
A total of 51 wildlife taxa were detected during field surveys including 45 bird species, three mammal species, four reptile species, and one amphibian species. A list of all wildlife taxa detected during field surveys is provided in Appendix A.

4.6.2 Special Status Wildlife
The desktop review determined that 28 wildlife taxa with special status had been documented as occurring within the Regional Study Area. These taxa and their occurrence potential are discussed below and summarized in Appendix B.

4.6.2.1 Taxa Confirmed Present
The following four special status wildlife taxa from desktop analysis were determined to be Present in the Biological Study Area. Likewise, all four would be present in the Annexation Area.

DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 37 Giant Gartersnake
Colubridae > Thamnophis gigas
Federal Threatened; California Threatened
Life History: Historically ranged in the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys. Its current range is much reduced, and it is apparently extirpated south of Fresno County except for western Kern County. Primarily associated with marshes and sloughs, less with slow-moving creeks, and absent from larger rivers.

Active from mid-March until October. Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife. California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program. Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB; IPaC; HCP
CNDDB Records: 53
Nearest CNDDB Record: Overlaps
Habitat Present: Medium Quality
Determination Reason: The species was not observed during any of Bargas’ five surveys. There are several CNDDB records within the past 20 years documenting the presence of Giant Gartersnake in the West Drainage Canal in the vicinity of the Project site. The West Drainage Canal is hydrologically connected to Fisherman’s Lake, located approximately 0.5-mile south of the Project site, where there is a known population of Giant Gartersnake. Habitat for this species in the Biological Study Area is best described as marginal as it contains some of the elements required by this species and could support transient individuals. Habitat in the Biological Study Area consists of interconnected drainage canals (i.e. Canal-1, Canal-2, Canal-3/West Drainage Canal). These canals are likely inundated during the summer as they collect irrigation and storm water run-off from surround lands during the growing season. All canals were observed to contain some cover of emergent aquatic vegetation dominated by Floating Water Primrose (Ludwigia peploides), with small areas of Cattail, and Common Tule. Cover of these emergent aquatic species was low at the time of the April survey.

However, large areas of open water had remnants of Floating Water Primrose from the previous growing season indicating that cover of this species may be substantial mid-summer. Much of the canal banks are vertical and undercut with few visible burrows suitable for this species.

The top of the canal banks are highly compacted and show evidence of repeated mowing and grading along many reaches. No burrows capable of supporting overwintering Giant Gartersnake were observed during the April survey. Habitat in the Biological Study Area is unlikely to support a permanent population due to its lack of suitable burrows and high levels of vegetation management. However, the marginal habitat present provides connectivity to occupied sites to the north and south of the Biological Study Area within the American Basin. Though not ideal for Giant Gartersnake, the canals within Biological Study Area could support transient individuals on a temporary basis.

Northwestern Pond Turtle
Emydidae > Actinemys marmorata
California Species of Special Concern
DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 38 Life History: Actinemys species are uncommon to common in suitable aquatic habitat throughout California, west of the Sierra-Cascade crest and absent from desert regions, except in the Mojave Desert along the Mojave River and its tributaries. Elevation range extends from near sea level to 1,430 meters (4,690 feet). Associated with permanent or nearly permanent water in a wide variety of habitat types. Western Pond Turtle was split into two species in 2014, with A. marmorata ranging from the Central Valley north.

Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife. California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program.

Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB; Bargas; HCP
CNDDB Records: 1
Nearest CNDDB Record: 1 to 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Medium Quality
Determination Reason: Was detected during three of Bargas' five surveys in Canal-2 and Canal-3 (West Drainage Canal) within the Biological Study Area. Individuals were observed sunning on floating debris and/or vegetation within the canals.

Adjacent upland habitats are marginal for this species as much of the canal banks are vertical and undercut. Further, the top of the canal banks are highly compacted and show evidence of repeated mowing and grading along many reaches.

Northern Harrier
Accipitridae > Circus hudsonius
California Species of Special Concern
Life History: Occurs from annual grassland up to lodgepole pine and alpine meadow habitats, as high as 3,000 m (10,000 ft). Breeds from sea level to 1,700 m (0-5,700 ft) in the Central Valley and Sierra Nevada, and up to 800 m (3,600 ft) in northeastern California. Frequents meadows, grasslands, open rangelands, desert sinks, fresh and saltwater emergent wetlands; seldom found in wooded areas. Permanent resident of the northeastern plateau and coastal areas; less common resident of the Central Valley. Widespread winter resident and migrant in suitable habitat. California population has decreased in recent decades, but can be locally abundant where suitable habitat remains free of disturbance, especially from intensive agriculture.

Breeding population much reduced, especially in southern coastal district.

Destruction of wetland habitat, native grassland, and moist meadows, and burning and plowing of nesting areas during early stages of breeding cycle, are major reasons for the decline. Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife. California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program. Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): Bargas
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: High Quality
Determination Reason: Observed foraging on and flying over the Project site on two of the five surveys conducted by Bargas biologists.

DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 39 Swainson's Hawk
Accipitridae > Buteo swainsoni
California Threatened
Life History: Uncommon breeding resident and migrant in the Central Valley, Klamath Basin, Northeastern Plateau, Lassen County, and Mojave Desert. Very limited breeding reported from Lanfair Valley, Owens Valley, Fish Lake Valley, and Antelope Valley. Breeds in stands with few trees in junipersage flats, riparian areas, and in oak savannah in the Central Valley.

Forages in adjacent grasslands or suitable grain or alfalfa fields, or livestock pastures. In southern California, now mostly limited to spring and fall transient. Formerly abundant in California with wider breeding range.

Decline resulted in part from loss of nesting habitat. Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife. California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program. Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB; Bargas; HCP
CNDDB Records: 47
Nearest CNDDB Record: Overlaps
Habitat Present: High Quality
Determination Reason: Present and observed during April and May surveys. Nesting activity was not detected, however, a nesting survey has not been conducted. Nesting habitat is limited in the Biological Study Area.

4.6.2.2 Taxa With High Potential for Occurrence
The following special status wildlife taxon from desktop analysis was determined to have High potential for occurrence in the Biological Study Area. Likewise, this taxon would be expected to have the same potential for occurrence in the Annexation Area.

White-tailed Kite
Accipitridae > Elanus leucurus
California Fully Protected
Life History: Common to uncommon, yearlong resident in coastal and valley lowlands; rarely found away from agricultural areas. Inhabits herbaceous and open stages of most habitats mostly in cismontane California. Has extended range and increased numbers in recent decades. Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife. California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program. Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB
CNDDB Records: 4
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: High Quality
Determination Reason: The Project site contains foraging habitat that could support this species; however, nesting habitat is limited and composed of the relatively few Goodding’s Black Willow, Valley Oak, and other trees along the canal and ditch banks.

DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 40

4.6.2.3 Taxa With Moderate Potential for Occurrence
The following special status wildlife taxon from desktop analysis was determined to have Moderate potential for occurrence in the Biological Study Area. Likewise, this taxon would be expected to have the same potential for occurrence in the Annexation Area.

Burrowing Owl
Strigidae > Athene cunicularia
California Species of Special Concern
Life History: A yearlong resident of open, dry grassland and desert habitats, and in grass, forb and open shrub stages of Pinyon-Juniper and Ponderosa Pine habitats. Formerly common in appropriate habitats throughout the state, excluding the humid northwest coastal forests and high mountains.

Numbers markedly reduced in recent decades. Present on the larger offshore islands. Found as high as 1600 meters (5300 feet) in Lassen County. Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife. California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program. Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB; HCP
CNDDB Records: 17
Nearest CNDDB Record: 1 to 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Medium Quality
Determination Reason: Most regional records are east of Highway 99. There are, however, recent CNDDB records from the Sacramento International Airport. Has the potential to occur widely during migration and winter in appropriate open habitats and disturbed areas. The Biological Study Area contains some open disturbed areas, primarily in the construction staging area along the south side of Bayou Way and west of Metro Air Parkway, that provide marginal habitat for this species; however, existing suitable burrows and ground-squirrels were not observed.

4.6.2.4 Taxa With Low Potential for Occurrence
The following 6 special status wildlife taxa from desktop analysis were determined to have Low potential for occurrence in the Biological Study Area. Likewise, all six would be expected to have the same potential for occurrence in the Annexation Area.

Monarch - California Overwintering Population
Nymphalidae > Danaus plexippus pop. 1
Federal Candidate
Life History: The iconic black and orange Monarch butterfly is known for its astonishing long-distance annual migration and reliance on milkweed as its obligate larval host plant. Though genetically similar, there are two subpopulations of Monarchs in North America, with the eastern population overwintering in Mexico and breeding in the midwestern states, and the western population overwintering in coastal California and fanning out across the west from Arizona to Idaho. Both North American migratory populations have declined over the past twenty years due to a suite of interrelated factors including habitat loss in breeding and overwintering sites, habitat DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 41 degradation, disease, pesticide exposure, and climate change. Recently the western population has experienced dramatic swings, for a low of less than 2,000 in 2020-21 to over 200,000 in 2021-22. While it is unclear which of the many factors are driving these dynamics, insect population commonly fluctuate from year to year. Though more research is needed, a stable population for western monarchs is likely closer to the historic averages in the 1980's, which are estimated to have ranged between one to four million overwintering butterflies. Source:
https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Invertebrates/Monarch-Butterfly Inclusion Source(s): IPaC
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Low Quality
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB records are 38 miles to the southwest. As a migratory species with flight capability, has potential to occur anywhere during movements. Unlikely to be resident on the Project site due to agricultural land uses and lack of suitable host plants.

Cackling Goose
Anatidae > Branta hutchinsii
No special status
Life History: The only subspecies of B. hudsonii in California (B.h. leucoparia) was once considered a subspecies of B. canadensis, the Canada Goose (B.c. leucoparia). Preferred habitats include lacustrine, fresh emergent wetlands, and moist grasslands, croplands, pastures, and meadows. This species occurs mainly in these habitats during winter in Del Norte county, the San Francisco bay-delta, and southern Central Valley. Source:

California Department of Fish and Wildlife. California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program.

Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Low Quality
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB record is 28 miles to the north. While this is an NBHCP Covered Species, it has not been recorded within the Natomas Basin.

Sometimes occurs singly or in small numbers with more numerous Canada Geese, which will often feed in agricultural fields, especially during winter months.

White-faced Ibis
Threskiornithidae > Plegadis chihi
No special status
Life History: The White-faced Ibis is an uncommon summer resident in sections of southern California, a rare visitor in the Central Valley, and is more widespread in migration. It prefers to feed in fresh emergent wetland, shallow lacustrine waters, muddy ground of wet meadows, and irrigated DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 42 or flooded pastures and croplands. Nests in dense, fresh emergent wetland. Formerly more common, especially in the San Joaquin Valley, this species no longer breeds regularly anywhere in California. A few pairs bred in 1977 and 1978 at the Salton Sea, and in 1979 at Buena Vista Lagoon, San Diego County. Has nested at Honey Lake, in the Klamath Basin, and at a few isolated areas in Central Valley. At Salton Sea area, fairly common April to September, and uncommon through winter; uncommon transient elsewhere in southern California, and very local winter visitant along coast. Rare in San Joaquin Valley, occurring mainly near Los Banos, August to April; and rare on northeastern plateau April to September. Source:

California Department of Fish and Wildlife. California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program.

Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Low Quality
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB records are 8 miles to west, though also present in significant numbers at Yolo Bypass 5 miles to the southwest. Has some potential to be observed on the Project site at the margins of canals or adjacent agricultural areas for foraging. Project site does not contain habitat to support nesting.

Loggerhead Shrike
Laniidae > Lanius ludovicianus
California Species of Special Concern
Life History: A common resident and winter visitor in lowlands and foothills throughout California. Prefers open habitats with scattered shrubs, trees, posts, fences, utility lines, or other perches. Highest density occurs in opencanopied valley foothill hardwood, valley foothill hardwood-conifer, valley foothill riparian, pinyon-juniper, juniper, desert riparian, and Joshua Tree habitats. In the Great Basin, from Inyo County north, population declines markedly from November through March. Rare on coastal slope north of Mendocino County, occurring only in winter. Occurs only rarely in heavily urbanized areas, but often found in open cropland. Sometimes uses edges of denser habitats. Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife.

California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program. Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Low Quality
Determination Reason: Under-reported in the CNDDB, the nearest records are more than 50 miles distant. Occurs sparingly in the Natomas Basin. Unlikely to be present on the Project site due to lack of scrubby habitat which is normally present in preferred areas.

DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 43 Song Sparrow (Modesto Population)
Passerellidae > Melospiza melodia
California Species of Special Concern
Life History: A common resident of most of California, but avoids higher mountains and occurs only locally in southern deserts. In winter, most leave montane habitats; more abundant and widespread then in lowlands and deserts. At all seasons, prefers riparian, fresh or saline emergent wetland, and wet meadow habitats. Breeds in riparian thickets of willows, other shrubs, vines, tall herbs, and in fresh or saline emergent vegetation. The Modesto Song Sparrow is endemic to California, where it resides only in the northcentral portion of the Central Valley. Highest densities occur in the Butte Sink area of the Sacramento Valley and in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta. Source:
https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=10461 Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB
CNDDB Records: 4
Nearest CNDDB Record: 1 to 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Low Quality
Determination Reason: While populations have dropped by 90% from historical highs, this resident form of the Song Sparrow has been recorded in sparselyvegetated margins of canals, such as those bordering the Project site.

Project site contains limited habitat that could support nesting.

Tricolored Blackbird
Icteridae > Agelaius tricolor
California Threatened; California Species of Special Concern Life History: Mostly a resident in California. Common locally throughout Central Valley and in coastal districts from Sonoma County south. Breeds near fresh water, preferably in emergent wetland with tall, dense cattails or tules, but also in thickets of willow, blackberry, wild rose, tall herbs. Feeds in grassland and cropland habitats. Breeds locally in northeastern California.

In winter, becomes more widespread along central coast and San Francisco Bay area and is found in portions of the Colorado Desert.

Numbers appear to be declining in California. Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife. California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program. Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB; HCP
CNDDB Records: 2
Nearest CNDDB Record: < 1 Mile
Habitat Present: Low Quality
Determination Reason: Appropriate breeding habitat not present. Will often forage in agricultural fields, especially in winter.

DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 44

4.6.2.5 Taxa With No Potential for Occurrence
The following 16 special status wildlife taxa from desktop analysis were determined to have No potential for occurrence in the Biological Study Area. Likewise, none of these taxa would be expected to occur in the Annexation Area.

Vernal Pool Fairy Shrimp
Branchinectidae > Branchinecta lynchi
Federal Threatened
Life History: The Vernal Pool Fairy Shrimp inhabits ephemeral pools with clear to teacolored water. This species has been most commonly observed in grass or mud bottomed swales, earth sump, or basalt flow depression pools in unplowed grasslands. The Vernal Pool Fairy Shrimp has been collected from early December to early May. The water in pools inhabited by this species has a pH averaging 7.0; and low TDS, conductivity, alkalinity, and chloride. Although the Vernal Pool Fairy Shrimp is found at a number of sites, it is not abundant at any of them. It often occurs with other fairy shrimp species, but is never the numerically dominant one. Source:
https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-1992-05-08/pdf/FR-1992-05-

08.pdf#page=76
Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB; IPaC; HCP
CNDDB Records: 7
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: The majority of CNDDB records are greater than 5 miles to the northeast, east, and southeast. Appropriate vernal pool habitat is not present on the Project site.

Midvalley Fairy Shrimp
Branchinectidae > Branchinecta mesovallensis
No special status
Life History: Midvalley Fairy Shrimp are small freshwater crustaceans found in vernal pools, vernal swales, and ephemeral wetlands in the Central Valley of California. They are known to occur in five different vernal pool regions:

Southeastern Sacramento Valley, Livermore, Southern Sierra Foothills, San Joaquin Valley, and the Solano-Colusa region. They were only recently documented as an individual species in 2000 due to their similarities to similar species (male Conservancy Fairy Shrimp and female Vernal Pool Fairy Shrimp. Midvalley Fairy Shrimp swim on their backs and use their phyllopods to paddle and extract oxygen and food from the water. Source:
https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2004-01-26/pdf/04- 1510.pdf#page=1
Inclusion Source(s): HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: None
Habitat Present: Not Present
DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 45 Determination Reason: Not tracked by the CNDDB. Appropriate vernal pool habitat is not present on the Project site.

Vernal Pool Tadpole Shrimp
Triopsidae > Lepidurus packardi
Federal Endangered
Life History: Vernal Pool Tadpole Shrimp inhabits vernal pools and swales containing clear to highly turbid water. The Vernal Pool Tadpole Shrimp is found at 14 vernal pool complexes in the Sacramento Valley from the Vina Plains in Butte County south of the Sacramento area in Sacramento County and west to the Jepson Prairie region of Salano County. The pools inhabited by the Vernal Pool Tadpole Shrimp range in size from 5 square meters (16.4 square ft) in the Mather Air Force Base area of Sacramento County to the 38 hectare (89 acre) Olcott Lake at Jepson Prairie. The pools at Jepson Prairie and Vina Plains have a neutral pH, and very low conductivity, TDS, and alkalinity. These pools are most commonly located in grass bottomed swales of unplowed grasslands in old alluvial soils underlain by hardpan, or in mud- bottomed pools containing highly turbid water. All pools known to be inhabited by this species are filled by winter and spring rains and may last until June. Source: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-1992-05- 08/pdf/FR-1992-05-08.pdf#page=76
Inclusion Source(s): IPaC; HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: Several records in all directions 6-10 miles from the Project site. No appropriate vernal pool habitat within the Project site's boundaries.

Valley Elderberry Longhorn Beetle
Cerambycidae > Desmocerus californicus dimorphus
Federal Threatened
Life History: Valley elderberry longhorn beetle is a medium sized beetle that is endemic to the Central Valley of California. The beetle is found only in association with its host plant, elderberry (Sambucus spp.) and originally occured in elderberry thickets in moist valley oak woodland along the margins of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers in the Central Valley of California. The habitat of this insect has now largely disappeared throughout much of its former range due to agricultural conversion, levee construction, and stream channelization. The clearing of undergrowth (including elderberry) and planting of lawns has resulted in further habitat degradation. Source:
https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/7850
Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB; IPaC; HCP
CNDDB Records: 5
Nearest CNDDB Record: 1 to 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 46 Determination Reason: Numerous records along the Sacramento River 1.5 miles to the southwest.

Elderberry not present on the Project site.

Green Sturgeon - Southern DPS
Acipenseridae > Acipenser medirostris pop. 1
Federal Threatened; California Species of Special Concern Life History: The Green Sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris) is an anadromous fish species that is long-lived and among the most marine oriented sturgeon species in the family Acipenseridae. NMFS has determined green sturgeon are comprised of at least two distinct population segments (DPSs): (1) A Northern DPS consisting of populations originating from coastal watersheds northward of and including the Eel River; and (2) a southern DPS consisting of populations originating from coastal watersheds south of the Eel River, with the only known spawning population in the Sacramento River. Adult Green Sturgeon spawn every 2-4 years. Adult Green Sturgeon begin spawining migrations in late February. Spawning occurs from March to July, with peak activity from mid-April to mid-June. Threats include loss of habitat and spawning grounds due to dams and diversions; habitat degradation from pollution, agricultural runoff, and dredging; and the loss of prey species from pesticide application. Source:
https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2009/10/09/E9- 24067/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-final-rulemakingto-designate-critical-habitat-for-the Inclusion Source(s): CH
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: Occurs in the Sacramento River one mile or more south and west of the Project site. No appropriate riverine habitat is present on or near the Project site.

Steelhead - Central Valley DPS
Salmonidae > Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus pop. 11
Federal Threatened
Life History: Steelhead and rainbow trout are the same species. In general, steelhead refers to the anadromous form of the species. Steelhead typically migrate to marine waters after spending two years in fresh water. They reside in marine waters for typically two or three years prior to returning to their natal stream to spawn as four- or five-yearolds. The Central Valley Distinct Population Segment, or DPS, includes naturally spawned anadromous O. mykiss (steelhead) originating below natural and manmade impassable barriers from the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and their tributaries; excludes such fish originating from San Francisco and San Pablo Bays and their tributaries. Main threats to this DPS include habitat degradation and destruction, blockage of freshwater habitats, water allocation problems, the pervasive opportunity for genetic introgression resulting from widespread production of hatchery steelhead and the potential ecological interaction between introduced stocks and native stocks. Source:

DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 47 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/west-coast/endangered-speciesconservation/sacramento-river-winter-run-chinook-salmon Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB; CH
CNDDB Records: 3
Nearest CNDDB Record: < 1 Mile
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: Found in the Sacramento River 1.5 miles to the west.

Chinook Salmon - Central Valley Spring-Run ESU
Salmonidae > Oncorhynchus tshawytscha pop. 11
Federal Threatened; California Threatened
Life History: Chinook salmon are the largest of the Pacific salmon. Adult Central Valley spring-run Chinook salmon leave the ocean to begin their upstream migration in late January and early February and enter the Sacramento River between March and September, primarily in May and June. Springrun Chinook salmon generally enter rivers as sexually immature fish and must hold in freshwater for up to several months before spawning.

Spawning normally occurs between mid-August and early October, peaking in September. This evolutionarily significant unit, or ESU, includes naturally spawned spring-run Chinook salmon originating from the Sacramento River and its tributaries, and also spring-run Chinook salmon from the Feather River Hatchery Spring-run Chinook Program. The Central Valley spring-run ESU is currently faced with three primary threats: loss of spawning habitat; degradation of the remaining habitat; and genetic introgression with the Feather River Fish Hatchery spring-run strays.

Source: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/west-coast/endangered-speciesconservation/central-valley-spring-run-chinook-salmon Inclusion Source(s): CH
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: None
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: Occurs in the Sacramento River one mile or more south and west of the Project site. No appropriate riverine habitat is present on or near the Project site.

Chinook Salmon - Sacramento River Winter-Run ESU
Salmonidae > Oncorhynchus tshawytscha pop. 7
Federal Endangered; California Endangered
Life History: Adult winter-run Chinook salmonupstream spawning migration through the Delta and into the lower Sacramento River occurs from December through July, with a peak during the period extending from January through April. Spawning occurs between late-April and mid-August, with a peak in June and July. The Sacramento River winter-run Chinook salmon ESU includes winter-run Chinook salmon spawning naturally in the Sacramento River and its tributaries, as well as winter-run Chinook salmon that are part of the conservation hatchery program at the Livingston Stone National Fish Hatchery. Main threats facing this ESU include a single DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
January 2023
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 48 population source of small size, habitat loss and degradation, the introduction of non-native predators, and overfishing by commercial and recreational fisheries. Source: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/westcoast/endangered-species-conservation/sacramento-river-winter-runchinook-salmon Inclusion Source(s): CH
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: Occurs in the Sacramento River one mile or more south and west of the Project site. No appropriate riverine habitat is present on or near the Project site.

Delta Smelt
Osmeridae > Hypomesus transpacificus
Federal Threatened; California Endangered
Life History: The Delta Smelt is a small fish, endemic to California that only occurs in the San Francisco Estuary. The slender-bodied fish typically reaches about 60-70 mm to a maximum size of about 120 mm (Figures 1, 2 and 3). The Delta Smelt life cycle follows the four seasons—spring spawning in fresh water, summer migration/rearing in the low salinity zone, fall maturation in the low salinity zone, and winter upstream migration shortly before spawning (Figure 4). Most spawning happens in tidally influenced backwater sloughs and channel edgewaters. Eggs are adhesive, and thought to be released in batches over firm substrates or sand. Delta Smelt is a euryhaline species, able to tolerate a wide salinity range. Source:
https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Fishes/Delta-Smelt Inclusion Source(s): IPaC
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB record is 23 miles southwest. No appropriate riverine habitat is present on or near the Project site.

Longfin Smelt
Osmeridae > Spirinchus thaleichthys
Federal Candidate; California Threatened
Life History: Longfin Smelt Spirinchus thaleichthys is a small fish in the family Osmeridae found along the Pacific coast of the United States from Alaska to California. In California, Longfin Smelt is historically found in the San Francisco Estuary and the Sacramento/San Joaquin Delta (Bay-Delta), Humboldt Bay, and the estuaries of the Eel River and Klamath River.

Spawning occurs from November through May, with a peak from February through April. The causes of decline from northern estuaries are not clearly known, but they are probably similar to those of the Bay-Delta, which include: reduction in freshwater outflows, entrainment losses to water diversion, changes in food organisms, toxic substances, disease, DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 49 competition, introduced species, and loss of genetic integrity. Source:
https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Fishes/Longfin-Smelt Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB
CNDDB Records: 1
Nearest CNDDB Record: 1 to 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: Occurs in the Sacramento River one mile or more south and west of the Project site. No appropriate riverine habitat is present on or near the Project site.

Sacramento Splittail
Cyprinidae > Pogonichthys macrolepidotus
California Species of Special Concern
Life History: Splittail are large cyprinids and are distinctive in having the upper lobe of the caudal fin larger than the lower lobe. The body shape is elongate with a blunt head. Small barbels may be present on either side of the subterminal mouth. Splittail depend both on brackish-water rearing habitats in the San Francisco Estuary and on floodplain and river-edge spawning habitats immediately above the estuary. Most migrate between these two habitat types on a near annual basis. The Sacramento splittail is endemic to California’s Central Valley and was once distributed in lakes and rivers throughout the Central Valley. Threats include reduced outflow and estuary degradation due to damming, competition from invasive species, and habitat degradation from agricultural runoff. Source:
https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=104370 Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB
CNDDB Records: 1
Nearest CNDDB Record: 1 to 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: Found on the Sacramento River 1.5 miles to the west.

California Red-legged Frog
Ranidae > Rana draytonii
Federal Threatened; California Species of Special Concern Life History: The California Red-legged Frog inhabits quiet pools of streams, marshes, and occasionally ponds. Occurs along the Coast Ranges from Mendocino County south and in portions of the Sierra Nevada and Cascades ranges, usually below 1200 m (3936 ft). This species was once a subspecies of Rana aurora, then known as the Red-legged Frog, and has been elevated to species-level status. Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife.

California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program. Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): IPaC
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 50 Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB records are 38 miles to the east. There is no habitat on or in the vicinity of the Project site. It is unclear why this species was returned in the IPaC search.

Western Spadefoot
Scaphiopodidae > Spea hammondii
California Species of Special Concern
Life History: The Western Spadefoot ranges throughout the Central Valley and adjacent foothills, and is usually quite common where it occurs. In the Coast Ranges it is found from Point Conception, Santa Barbara County, south to the Mexican border. Elevations of occurrence extend from near sea level to 1363 m (4460 ft) in the southern Sierra foothills. This species occurs primarily in grasslands, but occasional populations also occur in valleyfoothill hardwood woodlands. Some populations persist for a few years in orchard or vineyard habitats. Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife. California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version

9.0 personal computer program. Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB record is 13 miles to the northeast.

California Tiger Salamander
Ambystomatidae > Ambystoma californiense
Federal Endangered; California Endangered
Life History: Most commonly found in Annual Grassland habitat, but also occurs in the grassy understory of Valley-Foothill Hardwood habitats, and uncommonly along stream courses in Valley-Foothill Riparian habitats. The species occurs from near Petaluma, Sonoma County, east through the Central Valley to Yolo and Sacramento counties and south to Tulare County; and from the vicinity of San Francisco Bay south to Santa Barbara County. They occur at elevations from 3 meters up to 1,054 meters (3,200 feet). Source:

California Department of Fish and Wildlife. California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program.

Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): IPaC; HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: Nearest non-extirpated CNDDB records are 13 miles to the southwest.

While this is an NBHCP Covered Species, it has not been documented in the Natomas Basin.

Least Bell's Vireo
Vireonidae > Vireo bellii pusillus
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 51 Federal Endangered; California Endangered
Life History: null Source:

Inclusion Source(s): CNDDB
CNDDB Records: 1
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: Single CNDDB record is from 1877. There is no suitable habitat for this species on or near the Project site, and likely none within the Regional Study Area.

Bank Swallow
Hirundinidae > Riparia riparia
California Threatened
Life History: A neotropical migrant found primarily in riparian and other lowland habitats in California west of the deserts during the spring-fall period. A spring and fall migrant in the interior, less common on coast; an uncommon and very local summer resident. Casual in southern California in winter; a few winter records along central coast to San Mateo County.

In summer, restricted to riparian, lacustrine, and coastal areas with vertical banks, bluffs, and cliffs with fine-textured or sandy soils, into which it digs nesting holes. In migration, flocks with other swallows over many open habitats. Range in California estimated to be reduced 50% since 1900. Formerly more common as breeder in California. Now, only approximately 110-120 colonies remain within the state. Perhaps 75% of the current breeding population in California occurs along banks of the Sacramento and Feather rivers in the northern Central Valley. About 50-60 colonies remain along the middle Sacramento River and 15-25 colonies occur along lower Feather River where the river meanders still in a mostly natural state. Other colonies persist along the central coast from Monterey to San Mateo counties, and northeastern California in Shasta, Siskiyou, Lassen, Plumas, and Modoc counties. Source: California Department of Fish and Wildlife. California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program. Sacramento, CA.

Inclusion Source(s): HCP
CNDDB Records: 0
Nearest CNDDB Record: > 3 Miles
Habitat Present: Not Present
Determination Reason: Nearest CNDDB records are along the Sacramento River 7.5 miles northwest of the Project site. There is no habitat on or near the Project site for breeding, nor does the Project site provide suitable foraging habitat. Like many bird species, there is always a possibility of viewing this species in the area as a flyover.

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4.7 Other Considerations

4.7.1 Wildlife Movement
Effects on wildlife movement are an important consideration when assessing the potential anthropogenic effects of any project. At a small enough scale, any project or activity can potentially affect the movement of wildlife if any wildlife are present at all. In general, however, the term “wildlife movement corridor” means an area of habitat that is important for the movement of wildlife between larger habitat areas. Wildlife movement corridors are important for maintaining population levels and genetic diversity.

Wildlife require space to roam in search of food, shelter, mates, or for seasonal migration. Fragmentation of wildlife movement from human development can disrupt the normal flow of essential ecosystem functions. The extent of habitat movement requirements is dependent on the taxa and is crucial to the survival of many species.

Overall wildlife movement has become restricted due to man-made barriers, such as roads, structures, development, walls or fencing, and even agricultural fields. It is particularly important to maintain habitat and landscape connectivity and wildlife movement between regional habitat blocks for wide-ranging and low-density mammalian carnivores that require a large home range for survival, including Bobcat (Lynx rufus), Coyote (Canis latrans), and Mountain Lion (Puma concolor).

The drainage canals and ditches present in the Biological Study Area and Annexation Area could serve as movement corridors to aquatic or semi-aquatic wildlife species such as Giant Gartersnake and Northwestern Pond Turtle, the latter of which was observed during the three of the five Bargassurveys within both Canal-2 and Canal3. Both ditches and Canal-1 and Canal-2 are all ultimately hydrologically connected to Canal-3, the West Drainage Canal. There are several CNDDB records within the past 20 years documenting the presence of Giant Gartersnake in the West Drainage Canal. The West Drainage Canal is hydrologically connected to Fisherman’s Lake, located approximately 0.5-mile south of the Project site, where there is a known population of Giant Gartersnake. The West Drainage Canal and other canals have steep banks that may impede use of adjacent uplands by both species.

Further, the uplands adjacent to the canals and ditches are heavily disturbed and provide low quality habitat for use in nesting / egg-laying by both species and winter aestivation by Giant Gartersnake. Regardless, the Canal-1, Canal-2 and both ditches (when inundated) may be used by both species for foraging and dispersal.

The Biological Study Area and, by extension, the Annexation Area, does not function as a movement corridor for terrestrial wildlife in general. The Project site contains three large agricultural fields, either fallowed or possibly being utilized for hay production, that are bordered by either paved roads or large drainage canals which functionally serve as barriers to the movement of terrestrial wildlife outside of birds. On all sides of the Project site lie either additional active agricultural fields or urban development which generally do not serve has high quality larger habitat areas which would potentially attract wildlife.

The Biological Study Area and Annexation Area do contain semi-natural and natural vegetation communities that provide foraging habitat for a number of bird species, including Swainson’s Hawk, Northern Harrier, and other avian taxa discussed in Section 4.6.2 above, year-long including during migration. Both the Biological Study Area and Annexation Area contain limited habitat to support nesting birds. The canals and roads present both would not present a barrier to movement to birds since they can fly over them; however, they do not contain areas of natural land cover with tree and/or shrub canopy and limited anthropogenic disturbances that are continuous with areas of natural land cover beyond to provide a high quality wildlife movement corridor for birds.

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4.7.2 Nesting Birds
Birds – including native species protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and California Fish and Game Code – have the potential to nest in nearly any environment, including those heavily altered by anthropogenic activity. There is limited tree and shrub canopy along the canals and ditches within the Biological Study Area and Annexation Area. Depending upon the nature of the agricultural activities and fire management practices within these areas, there may be large areas that would contain tall herbaceous vegetation or bare ground to support bird species with those nesting substrate preferences.

4.7.3 Bird Impact Risk and the Sacramento International Airport Figure 1. A flight taking off from the Sacramento Airport climbs over the Project site.

The Project site and Annexation Area are located immediately southeast of the Sacramento International Airport (Airport) and adjoining Airport-owned property. The current lack of development surrounding the Airport provides for substantial risk of bird strikes with departing or arriving aircraft, with such large species resident as several species of raptor (e.g., Red-tailed Hawk and Swainson’s Hawk) and numerous waterbirds (e.g., Doublecrested Cormorant, Great Blue Heron, and Great Egret). The impact of bird weighing 3 kg (6.6 lb.) with an aircraft is equivalent to a force of 40 tons (Rosenthal 1998). Such collisions are a major wildlife hazard to the aviation industry, costing the global airline industry over $1.2 billion dollars annually as well as putting passenger safety at risk (Cheng et al. 2015, Uhlfelder 2013). Sacramento International Airport has one of the highest bird/aircraft collision rates in the United States3
.
3 https://www.npr.org/2009/04/27/103530836/pinpointing-airports-with-high-rate-of-bird-strikes DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 54 The Project site and Annexation Area are located within the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) 10,000 foot separation area for wildlife attractants4
. Wildlife attractants are defined by the FAA5 as:

Constructed or natural areas— such as poorly drained locations, detention/retention ponds, roosting habitats on buildings, landscaping, odor-causing rotting organic matter (putrescible waste) disposal operations, wastewater treatment plants, agricultural or aquaculture activities, surface mining, wetlands, or some conservation-based land uses — can provide wildlife with ideal locations for feeding, loafing, reproduction, and escape.

The above conditions represent typical current conditions on the Project site and Annexation Area (see Figure 1).

Airport operators are required by the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to conduct Wildlife Hazard Assessments (WHA) and prepare Wildlife Hazard Management Plans (WHMP) when certain criteria are met (FAA 2021). Sacramento International Airport has a WHMP that has been periodically updated per the results of WHA conducted in response to events such as land use changes on and around the airport, including in 2010 in response to new terminal construction on the airport lands and a Natomas Basin levee improvement project nearby the airport (Sacramento County Department of Airports 2015). The WHA identified several actions for the airport to undertake to address wildlife population management, habitat modification, and land use changes.

The WHMP at the Sacramento International Airport is primarily implemented by the biologists of their Wildlife Team in order to alleviate wildlife-aircraft interactions (i.e. bird strikes) to the maximum extent possible. Airport personnel are trained in the avoidance and minimization measures implemented to protect special status wildlife species found on or in proximity to the airport. The lands immediately north and south of the airport (Airport Management Areas) and on the airport itself are managed to minimize attractiveness to wildlife by limiting and/or removing features in the landscape such as dense vegetation cover and aquatic features that could function as habitat for different types of wildlife. Wildlife activity and attractants on and near the airport are monitored by the Wildlife Team biologists. The parcels across from Powerline Road to the west of the Project site are owned by the airport and are monitored and managed per their WHMP. 4 https://emd.saccounty.gov/SEC/Documents/SMF%20Wildlife%20and%20Land%20Use.pdf 5 https://www.faa.gov/documentLibrary/media/Advisory_Circular/150-5200-33C.pdf DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 55 5 Effects and Minimization Measures

5.1 Grading Impacts and Avoidance
Current plans for the Project propose direct impacts, via grading, to the entire 340 acres of the Project site. As proposed, Project-related grading would impact the following habitat and land cover types:
• Perennial Rye Grass Fields comprise 260.49-acres of the Project site. • Upland Mustards or Star-thistle Fields comprise 69.44-acres of the Project site. • Disturbed/Developed comprise 5.23-acres of the Project site. • Open Water comprise 1.93-acres of the Project site.
• Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches comprise 1.28-acres of the Project site. • Himalayan Blackberry – Rattlebox – Edible Fig Riparian Scrub comprise 0.53-acres of the Project site. • Goodding’s Willow – Red Willow Riparian Woodland and Forest comprise 0.37-acres of the Project site. • Hardstem and California Bulrush Marsh comprise 0.22-acres of the Project site. • Valley Oak Riparian Forest and Woodland comprise 0.07-acres of the Project site. • Cattail Marsh comprise 0.02-acres of the Project site.

Vegetation impacts are not proposed in the Annexation Area.

5.2 Project Effects on Candidate, Sensitive, or Special Status Species The Project will need to implement appropriate mitigation measures to avoid effects to special status species, minimize them as much as feasible, or mitigate for unavoidable substantial adverse effects. A discussion of the Project effects on special status species and the need for avoidance, minimization, and mitigation measures is included in the subsections below.

USFWS and CDFW may need to be consulted regarding the potential for the proposed Project to result in the take of listed species and any avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures suggested by USFWS and CDFW should be implemented.

5.2.1 Special Status Species with No Potential to Occur in the Biological Study Area As detailed in Section 4 above, the following 14 special status plant taxa with occurrences in the Regional Study Area were determined to have no potential to occur in the Biological Study Area:
• Suisun Marsh Aster: Nearest record is 7.5 miles to the southwest. Outside of species’ known distribution range. • Dwarf Downingia: Nearest CNDDB records are 3.8 miles to the east. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (vernal pool).
• Legenere: Nearest CNDDB record is 5.5 miles to the east. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (vernal pool).
• Heartscale: Nearest extant occurrence is 25 miles to the southwest. Outside of species’ known distribution range. • Brittlescale: Nearest CNDDB records are 6.7 miles to the west. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (playas).

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 56 • Ferris' Milk-Vetch: Nearest CNDDB records are 6.2 miles to the south. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (alkaline flats, vernally moist meadows).
• Alkali Milk-Vetch: Nearest CNDDB records are 7.5 miles to the southwest. • Delta Tule Pea: Nearest CNDDB record is 25 miles to the south. Outside of species’ known distribution range. • Saline Clover: Nearest records are 7.5 miles to the west. All records are west and south of the Project site, which may be outside of the range of the species. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (salt marsh). • Boggs Lake Hedge-Hyssop: Nearest CNDDB records are 5.6 miles to the northeast. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (lake margins, vernal pools). • Colusa Grass: Nearest CNDDB records are 13 miles to the southwest. Outside of species’ known distribution range. • Slender Orcutt Grass: Nearest record is 20 miles to the southeast. Outside of species’ known distribution range. • Sacramento Orcutt Grass: Nearest records are 17 miles to the east. Outside of species’ known distribution range. • California Alkali Grass: Nearest CNDDB records are 7 miles to the west and southwest. Biological Study Area lacks required habitat components (saline flats, mineral springs).

Likewise, the following 16 special status wildlife taxa with occurrences in the Regional Study Area were determined to have no potential to occur in the Biological Study Area:
• Vernal Pool Fairy Shrimp: The majority of CNDDB records are greater than 5 miles to the northeast, east, and southeast. Appropriate vernal pool habitat is not present on the Project site. • Midvalley Fairy Shrimp: Not tracked by the CNDDB. Appropriate vernal pool habitat is not present on the Project site.
• Vernal Pool Tadpole Shrimp: Several records in all directions 6-10 miles from the Project site. No appropriate vernal pool habitat within the Project site's boundaries.
• Valley Elderberry Longhorn Beetle: Numerous records along the Sacramento River 1.5 miles to the southwest.

Elderberry not present on the Project site.
• Green Sturgeon - Southern DPS: Occurs in the Sacramento River one mile or more south and west of the Project site. No appropriate riverine habitat is present on or near the Project site. • Steelhead - Central Valley DPS: Found in the Sacramento River 1.5 miles to the west. • Chinook Salmon - Central Valley Spring-Run ESU: Occurs in the Sacramento River one mile or more south and west of the Project site. No appropriate riverine habitat is present on or near the Project site. • Chinook Salmon - Sacramento River Winter-Run ESU: Occurs in the Sacramento River one mile or more south and west of the Project site. No appropriate riverine habitat is present on or near the Project site. • Delta Smelt: Nearest CNDDB record is 23 miles southwest. No appropriate riverine habitat is present on or near the Project site.
• Longfin Smelt: Occurs in the Sacramento River one mile or more south and west of the Project site. No appropriate riverine habitat is present on or near the Project site. • Sacramento Splittail: Found on the Sacramento River 1.5 miles to the west.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 57 • California Red-legged Frog: Nearest CNDDB records are 38 miles to the east. There is no habitat on or in the vicinity of the Project site. It is unclear why this species was returned in the IPaC search. • Western Spadefoot: Nearest CNDDB record is 13 miles to the northeast. • California Tiger Salamander: Nearest non-extirpated CNDDB records are 13 miles to the southwest. While this is an NBHCP Covered Species, it has not been documented in the Natomas Basin. • Least Bell's Vireo: Single CNDDB record is from 1877. There is no suitable habitat for this species on or near the Project site, and likely none within the Regional Study Area. • Bank Swallow: Nearest CNDDB records are along the Sacramento River 7.5 miles northwest of the Project site. There is no habitat on or near the Project site for breeding, nor does the Project site provide suitable foraging habitat. Like many bird species, there is always a possibility of viewing this species in the area as a flyover.

These taxa have no potential to be adversely affected by the Project and will not be discussed further.

5.2.2 Special Status Species with Low Potential to Occur in the Biological Study Area As detailed in Section 4 above, the following six special status plant taxa with occurrences in the Regional Study Area were determined to have low potential to occur in the Biological Study Area:
• Pappose Tarplant: Nearest records are 8.5 miles to the southwest. All records are west and south of the Project site, which may be outside of the range of the species. This species is not expected to occur due to agriculture-related site disturbance. Avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are not recommended for this species as it is highly unlikely to occur in the Project site.
• Heckard's Pepper-Grass: Nearest extant occurrence is 7.5 miles to the southwest. This species is not expected to occur due to agriculture-related site disturbance. Avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are not recommended for this species as it is highly unlikely to occur in the Project site. • San Joaquin Spearscale: Nearest records are 7.5 miles to the west. All records are west of the Project site, which may be outside of the range of the species. This species is not expected to occur due to agriculture-related site disturbance. Avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are not recommended for this species as it is highly unlikely to occur in the Project site.
• Woolly Rose-Mallow: Nearest record was at the margins of a canal. This species is unlikely to be present because of site disturbance, but cannot be entirely dismissed. Avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are not recommended for this species as it is highly unlikely to occur in the Project site. • Palmate-bracted Bird's-Beak: Nearest records are 7.5 miles west of the Project site, which may be outside of the species' range. This species is unlikely to be present because of site disturbance, but cannot be entirely dismissed.

Avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are not recommended for this species as it is highly unlikely to occur in the Project site.
• Sanford's Arrowhead: Known to occur along roadside ditches and canals, however, all records are to the east and southeast and the Project site appears to be at the edge or outside of its distribution. The Project has potential to directly affect Sanford’s Arrowhead through habitat modification or conversion of Ditch-1 and/or Ditch-2 if this species were to be present at those locations. Accordingly, appropriate avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are recommended for this species.

Likewise, the following 6 special status wildlife taxa with occurrences in the Regional Study Area were determined to have low potential to occur in the Biological Study Area:

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 58 • Monarch - California Overwintering Population: Nearest CNDDB records are 38 miles to the southwest. As a migratory species with flight capability, has potential to occur anywhere during movements. Unlikely to be resident on the Project site due to agricultural land uses and lack of suitable host plants. Avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are not recommended for this species as it is highly unlikely to occur on the Project site. • Cackling Goose: Nearest CNDDB record is 28 miles to the north. While this is an NBHCP Covered Species, it has not been recorded within the Natomas Basin. Sometimes occurs singly or in small numbers with more numerous Canada Geese, which will often feed in agricultural fields, especially during winter months. Avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are not recommended for this species as it is highly unlikely to occur on the Project site. • White-faced Ibis: Nearest CNDDB records are 8 miles to west, though also present in significant numbers at Yolo Bypass 5 miles to the southwest. Has some potential to be observed on the Project site at the margins of canals or adjacent agricultural areas for foraging. Project site does not contain habitat to support nesting. Avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are not recommended for this species as it highly unlikely to occur on the Project and is anticipated to avoid foraging on adjacent lands and forage elsewhere while construction disturbance is occurring.
• Loggerhead Shrike: Under-reported in the CNDDB, the nearest records are more than 50 miles distant. Occurs sparingly in the Natomas Basin. Unlikely to be present on the Project site due to lack of scrubby habitat which is normally present in preferred areas. In the unlikely event this species would be nesting within the Biological Study Area, the Project has potential to directly affect the success of nesting Loggerhead Shrike through destruction of active nests and young or visual and/or audible disturbance from construction activities. The Project also has potential to affect this species through the loss of suitable foraging habitat. Accordingly, appropriate avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are recommended for this species. • Song Sparrow (Modesto Population): While populations have dropped by 90% from historical highs, this resident form of the Song Sparrow has been recorded in sparsely-vegetated margins of canals, such as those bordering the Project site. Project site contains limited habitat that could support nesting. In the unlikely event this species would be nesting within the Biological Study Area, the Project has potential to directly affect the success of nesting Song Sparrow through destruction of active nests and young or visual and/or audible disturbance from construction activities. The Project also has potential to affect this species through the loss of suitable foraging habitat.

Accordingly, appropriate avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are recommended for this species. • Tricolored Blackbird: Appropriate breeding habitat not present. Will often forage in agricultural fields, especially in winter. Avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are not recommended for this species as it highly unlikely to occur on the Project and is anticipated to avoid foraging on adjacent lands and forage elsewhere while construction disturbance is occurring.

5.2.3 Special Status Species with Moderate Potential to Occur in the Biological Study Area As detailed in Section 4 above, there are no special status plant taxa with occurrences in the Regional Study Area that were determined to have moderate potential to occur in the Biological Study Area.

The following one special status wildlife taxa with occurrences in the Regional Study Area were determined to have moderate potential to occur in the Biological Study Area:
• Burrowing Owl: Most regional records are east of Highway 99. There are, however, recent CNDDB records from the Sacramento International Airport. Has the potential to occur widely during migration and winter in appropriate open habitats and disturbed areas. The Biological Study Area contains some open disturbed areas, primarily in the construction staging area along the south side of Bayou Way and west of Metro Air Parkway, that provide marginal habitat for this species; however, existing suitable burrows and ground-squirrels were not observed. In the event this species would be utilizing burrows within the Biological Study Area, the Project has potential to directly affect DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 59 Burrowing Owl through destruction of burrows containing overwintering or nesting individuals or visual and/or audible disturbance from construction activities. The Project also has potential to affect this species through the loss of suitable foraging habitat. Accordingly, appropriate avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are recommended for this species.

5.2.4 Special Status Species with High Potential to Occur in the Biological Study Area As detailed in Section 4 above, there are no special status plant taxa with occurrences in the Regional Study Area that were determined to have high potential to occur in the Biological Study Area.

The following one special status wildlife taxa with occurrences in the Regional Study Area were determined to have high potential to occur in the Biological Study Area:
• White-tailed Kite: The Project site contains foraging habitat that could support this species; however, nesting habitat is limited and composed of the relatively few Goodding’s Black Willow, Valley Oak, and other trees along the canal and ditch banks. In the event this species would be nesting within the Biological Study Area, the Project has potential to directly affect the success of nesting White-tailed Kite through destruction of pre-existing nests, active nests, and young or visual and/or audible disturbance from construction activities. The Project also has potential to affect this species through the loss of suitable foraging habitat. Accordingly, appropriate avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are recommended for this species.

5.2.5 Special Status Species Present in the Biological Study Area As detailed in Section 4 above, there are no special status plant taxa that were determined to be present in the Biological Study Area.

The following 4 special status wildlife taxa were determined to be present in the Biological Study Area:
• Giant Gartersnake: The species was not observed during any of Bargas’ five surveys. There are several CNDDB records within the past 20 years documenting the presence of Giant Gartersnake in the West Drainage Canal in the vicinity of the Project site. The West Drainage Canal is hydrologically connected to Fisherman’s Lake, located approximately 0.5-mile south of the Project site, where there is a known population of Giant Gartersnake. Habitat for this species in the Biological Study Area is best described as marginal as it contains some of the elements required by this species and could support transient individuals. Habitat in the Biological Study Area consists of interconnected drainage canals (i.e. Canal-1, Canal-2, Canal-3/West Drainage Canal). These canals are likely inundated during the summer as they collect irrigation and storm water run-off from surround lands during the growing season. All canals were observed to contain some cover of emergent aquatic vegetation dominated by Floating Water Primrose (Ludwigia peploides), with small areas of Cattail, and Common Tule. Cover of these emergent aquatic species was low at the time of the April survey. However, large areas of open water had remnants of Floating Water Primrose from the previous growing season indicating that cover of this species may be substantial mid-summer. Much of the canal banks are vertical and undercut with few visible burrows suitable for this species. The top of the canal banks are highly compacted and show evidence of repeated mowing and grading along many reaches. No burrows capable of supporting overwintering Giant Gartersnake were observed during the April survey. Habitat in the Biological Study Area is unlikely to support a permanent population due to its lack of suitable burrows and high levels of vegetation management. However, the marginal habitat present provides connectivity to occupied sites to the north and south of the Biological Study Area within the American Basin. Though not ideal for Giant Gartersnake, the canals within Biological Study Area could support transient individuals on a temporary basis. In the event this species would be present in the uplands adjacent to the canals, the Project has potential to directly affect Giant Gartersnake through crushing of individuals beneath heavy machinery or other equipment and/or entombed in or excavated from their winter burrows. Accordingly, appropriate avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are recommended for this species.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 60 • Northwestern Pond Turtle: Was detected during three of Bargas' five surveys in Canal-2 and Canal-3 (West Drainage Canal) within the Biological Study Area. Individuals were observed sunning on floating debris and/or vegetation within the canals. Adjacent upland habitats are marginal for this species as much of the canal banks are vertical and undercut. Further, the top of the canal banks are highly compacted and show evidence of repeated mowing and grading along many reaches. In the event this species would be present in the uplands adjacent to the canals, the Project has potential to directly affect Northwestern Pond Turtle through crushing of individuals or nests beneath heavy machinery or other equipment and/or nests being buried/covered by spoils / fill or excavated. Accordingly, appropriate avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are recommended for this species. • Northern Harrier: Observed foraging on and flying over the Project site on two of the five surveys conducted by Bargas biologists. In the event this species would be nesting within the Biological Study Area, the Project has potential to directly affect the success of nesting Northern Harrier through destruction of active nests and young or visual and/or audible disturbance from construction activities. The Project also has potential to affect this species through the loss of suitable foraging habitat. Accordingly, appropriate avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are recommended for this species.
• Swainson’s Hawk: Present and observed during April and May surveys. Nesting activity was not detected, however, a nesting survey has not been conducted. In the event this species would be nesting within the Biological Study Area, the Project has potential to directly affect the success of nesting Swainson’s Hawk through destruction of pre-existing nests, active nests, and young or visual and/or audible disturbance from construction activities. The Project also has potential to affect this species through the loss of suitable foraging habitat. Nesting habitat is limited in the Biological Study Area. Accordingly, appropriate avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are recommended for this species.

5.3 Project Effects on Riparian Habitat or Other Sensitive Natural Community The desktop review identified Northern Claypan Vernal Pool and Great Valley Cottonwood Riparian Forest as the only sensitive vegetation communities recorded within the area analyzed. As described previously in Section 4.4.2, none of these communities are present within the Biological Study Area.

Goodding’s Willow – Red Willow Riparian Woodland and Forest and Valley Oak Riparian Forest and Woodland are riparian habitats that comprise a combined total of 0.44 acres of the Project site. The Project proposes direct impacts to 0.44 acres, or 100% of these riparian habitats combined within the Project site. Accordingly, appropriate mitigation measures are recommended for this sensitive riparian habitat.

Hardstem and California Bulrush Marsh is a freshwater wetland habitat that comprises 0.02 acres of the Project site. The Project proposes direct impacts to 0.02 acres, or 100% of this freshwater wetland habitat within the Project site. Accordingly, appropriate mitigation measures are recommended for this sensitive wetland habitat.

5.4 Project Effects on State or Federally Protected Wetlands The proposed Project is likely to have adverse effects, either directly or through indirect impacts to downstream water quality, to state and federally protected aquatic resources. Current plans for the Project propose direct impacts, via grading, to the entire 340 acres of the Project site. Based upon the aquatic resources delineation conducted for the Project, a total of 1.501 acres (10,688 linear feet) of tributary waters and 0.58 acres (4,736 linear feet) of other waters potentially subject to USACE jurisdiction pursuant to CWA Section 404 are present within the proposed grading limits of the Project. These acreages have not yet been formally verified by USACE and may be subject to change. Exhibit 5 displays each feature identified within the Project site with the proposed grading limit indicated by the hatching.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 61 These features are also potential tributary waters and other waters of the state subject to Central Valley RWQCB (CVRWQCB) jurisdiction and aquatic / riparian habitat subject to CDFW jurisdiction pursuant to CWA Section 401 and California Fish and Game Code Section 1600 respectively.

Consultations with the agencies is recommended and may result in the need to acquire one or more of the following permits and regulatory approvals:
• USACE CWA 404 Permit: Authorization for the fill of jurisdictional waters of the U.S. shall be secured prior to placing any fill in jurisdictional wetlands from the USACE through the CWA Section 404 permitting process. Timing for compliance with the specific conditions of the 404 permit shall be per conditions specified by the USACE as part of permit issuance. It is expected that the Project would require an Individual Permit because wetland impacts would total more than 0.5 acre. • CVRWQCB CWA Section 401 Water Quality Certification: Prior to construction in any areas containing wetlands or waters of the U.S. and state, the Applicant shall obtain a water quality certification pursuant to Section 401 of the CWA for the project. Any measures required as part of the issuance of the water quality certification shall be implemented.
• CDFW Section 1602 LSAA: The Applicant shall obtain a Streambed Alteration Agreement under Section 1600 et seq. of the California Fish & Game Code for impacts to Waters of the State as defined under Section 1602 of the California Fish & Game Code. Any measures required as part of the issuance of the Agreement shall be implemented.
• CVRWQCB Waste Discharge Requirements: The Applicant shall file a report of waste discharge with the CVRWQCB for activities affecting wetlands or waters of the state not also under USACE jurisdiction, if applicable.

5.5 Project Effects on Wildlife Movement and Nursery Sites As discussed in Section 4.7, the Biological Study Area does not function as a wildlife corridor to terrestrial wildlife due to being bounded by physical barriers (i.e. canals, roads, urban development, agricultural fields). The canals and ditches present in the Biological Study Area could serve as movement corridors for aquatic and semi-aquatic species (i.e. Giant Gartersnake, Northwestern Pond Turtle). Accordingly, appropriate avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are recommended for this potential wildlife corridor. Although there are no barriers blocking the movement of birds into and out of the Biological Study Area, there are no habitats present that could provide sufficient shelter and other resources that are contiguous with similar habitats beyond the Biological Study Area to provide a high quality wildlife movement corridor for birds. The Project site does contain foraging habitat that could attract a variety of bird species to the Project site. The development of the Project will modify the habitats present and significantly reduce the attractiveness of the Project site to birds moving about the vicinity searching for foraging opportunities. This would overall potentially benefit the operations of the nearby Sacramento International Airport by possibly reducing the number of birds flying through the airport’s managed airspace present directly adjacent to the Project site.

The Project could impact nesting birds protected by the federal MBTA. Accordingly, appropriate avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures are recommended to address impacts to nesting raptors and other birds in the Project site or immediately adjacent properties.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 62

5.6 Project Effects on the Provisions of an Adopted Habitat Conservation Plan The Project would result in development within the NBHCP. The NBHCP has an overall goal of creating a multispecies conservation program to mitigate impacts to covered species that may result from development in the Natomas Basin. Accordingly, appropriate avoidance, minimization, or mitigation measures that are consistent with the goals of the HCP are recommended for the Project.

5.7 Project Effects on Local Policies or Ordinances Protecting Biological Resources As previously described in Section 2.4, the City of Sacramento County has one ordinance pertaining to protection of biological resources:
• Tree Planting, Maintenance, and Conservation Ordinance: the City’s tree ordinance is intended “to provide for the conservation of existing tree resources; to optimize tree canopy coverage throughout the city while recognizing individual rights to develop and make reasonable use of private property consistent with the general plan; and to provide clear standards for protection, removal, and replacement of city trees and private protected trees” (City Code § 12.56.010). The Applicant will comply with the ordinance by implementing one of the following:
o Minor modifications to the grading plan to avoid impacting protected trees. o Tree replacement on-site or in an off-site reserve, or payment of an in-lieu fee, following the City’s requirements as defined in City Code § 12.56.060.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 63 6 Literature Cited
Allan, J.R. 2000. The Costs of Bird Strikes and Bird Strike Prevention. Human Conflicts with Wildlife: Economic Considerations. Paper 18.

American Fisheries Society (AFS). 2013. Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico, 7th edition. Special Publication 34.

American Ornithological Society (AOS). 1998. Check-list of North American Birds (and supplements). American Ornithologists Union and American Ornithological Society.

American Society of Mammologists. 2020. Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.2) [Data set]. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4139818
Bargas Environmental Consulting. 2022. DRAFT Aquatic Resources Delineation – Airport South Industrial Park, unincorporated Sacramento County, California. Report prepared for Raney Planning & Management, Inc. August 2022.

California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW). California Interagency Wildlife Task Group. 2014. CWHR version 9.0 personal computer program. Sacramento, CA.

CDFW. 2022. California Natural Diversity Database. Available online at https://wildlife.ca.gov/Data/CNDDB .

Accessed March 2022.

Cheng, E.C., T. Hlavenka, and K. Nichols. 2015. It’s a Bird, It’s a Plane, It’s a Problem: An Analysis of Bird Strike Prevention Methods at Panama City’s Tocumen International Airport. Worcester Polytechnic Institute. 70 pages.

California Native Plant Society (CNPS)a. 2022. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants. Available online at https://rareplans.cnps.org . Accessed March 2022.

CNPS. 2022b. Manual of California Vegetation Online. Available online at https://vegetation.cnps.org/. Accessed April 2022.

City of Sacramento. 2015. Sacramento 2035 General Plan. Prepared by City of Sacramento, Mintier Harnish, Ascent Environmental, Inc., Fehr & Peers, Nelson Nygaard, New Economics and Advisory, NV5, and Page & Turnbull.

Adopted March 3, 2015. Available online at https://www.cityofsacramento.org/CommunityDevelopment/Resources/Online-Library/2035--General-Plan City of Sacramento, Sutter County, Natomas Basin Conservancy. 2003. Final Natomas Basin Habitat Conservation Plan. Prepared in association with Reclamation District No. 1000 and Natomas Central Mutual Water Company for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and California Department of Fish and Wildlife, April 2003.

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). 2021. The Federal Aviation Administration’s Wildlife Hazard Mitigation Program. U.S. Department of Transportation, November 24, 2021. Available online at https://www.faa.gov/newsroom/federal-aviation-administrations-faa-wildlife-hazard-mitigation-program Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2021. Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/ Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). 2021. Web Soil Survey. Available online at https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/. Accessed October 2021.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World 64 Rosenthal, D. 1998. When Birds Become Missiles. International Wildlife Nov. 1998:

Sacramento Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCo) and City of Sacramento (City). 2022. Notice of Preparation of Environmental Impact Report and Scoping Meeting for the Airport South Industrial Project (P21- 017). CEQA Net, https://ceqanet.opr.ca.gov/2022030181
Sacramento County Department of Airports. 2015. Sacramento International Airport Wildlife Hazard Management Plan. Approved by Federal Aviation Administration Western-Pacific Region on May 28, 2015. Available online at https://sacramento.aero/scas/environment/wildlife_management Swainson’s Hawk Technical Advisory Committee (SHTAC). 2000. Recommended Timing and Methodology for Swainson’s Hawk Nesting Surveys in California’s Central Valley. California Department of Fish and Wildlife.

State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB). 2021. State Policy for Water Quality Control: State Wetland Definition and Procedures for Discharges of Dredged or Fill Material to Waters of the State. California Water Boards, adopted April 2, 2019, revised April 6, 2021. Available online at https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/cwa401/docs/2021/procedures.pdf Uhlfelder, E. 2013. Bloody Skies: The Fight to Reduce Deadly Bird-Plane Collisions. National Geographic.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2022 Information for Planning and Consultation. Available online at https://ipac.ecosphere.fws.gov . Accessed March 2022.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2021. National Wetlands Inventory – Wetlands Online Mapper. Available online at https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/. Accessed October 2021.

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 2021. The National Geological Map Database. Available online at https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/ngmdb/ngmdb_home.html. Accessed October 2021.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World i Appendix A. Floral & Faunal Compendia
Bargas has documented the presence of 53 plant taxa and 51 wildlife taxa. Taxa are presented in taxonomic order.

Plants
Common Name Scientific Name Family Major
Clade Nativity
Duckweed species Lemna sp. Araceae Monocots Native
Cattail species Typha sp. Typhaceae Monocots Native
Bristly Ox-Tongue Helminthotheca echioides Asteraceae Eudicots Naturalized Rough Cat's-Ear Hypochaeris radicata Asteraceae Eudicots Naturalized Hairy Hawkbit Leontodon saxatilis Asteraceae Eudicots Naturalized Milk Thistle Silybum marianum Asteraceae Eudicots Naturalized Common Fiddleneck Amsinckia intermedia Boraginaceae Eudicots Native Black Mustard Brassica nigra Brassicaceae Eudicots Naturalized Perennial Pepperweed Lepidium latifolium Brassicaceae Eudicots Naturalized Jointed Charlock Raphanus raphanistrum Brassicaceae Eudicots Naturalized Sticky Mouse-Ear Chickweed Cerastium glomeratum Caryophyllaceae Eudicots Naturalized Western Poison Oak Toxicodendron diversilobum Anacardiaceae Eudicots Native Bindweed, Orchard MorningGlory Convolvulus arvensis Convolvulaceae Eudicots Naturalized Poison Hemlock Conium maculatum Apiaceae Eudicots Naturalized Wild Teasel Dipsacus fullonum Dipsacaceae Eudicots Naturalized Doveweed, Turkey-Mullein Croton setiger Euphorbiaceae Eudicots Native Fennel Foeniculum vulgare Apiaceae Eudicots Naturalized Bird’s Foot Trefoil Lotus corniculatus Fabaceae Eudicots Naturalized Valley Sky Lupine Lupinus nanus Fabaceae Eudicots Native Black Medick Medicago lupulina Fabaceae Eudicots Naturalized California Burclover Medicago polymorpha Fabaceae Eudicots Naturalized DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World ii Common Name Scientific Name Family Major
Clade Nativity
Rose Clover Trifolium hirtum Fabaceae Eudicots Naturalized Hairy Vetch, Winter Vetch Vicia villosa Fabaceae Eudicots Naturalized Valley Oak, Roble Quercus lobata Fagaceae Eudicots Native Broad Leaf Filaree Erodium botrys Geraniaceae Eudicots Naturalized Short Fruited Filaree Erodium brachycarpum Geraniaceae Eudicots Naturalized Hyssop Loosestrife Lythrum hyssopifolia Lythraceae Eudicots Naturalized Little Mallow Malva parviflora Malvaceae Eudicots Naturalized Red Maids Calandrinia menziesii Montiaceae Eudicots Native Miner’s Lettuce Claytonia parviflora Montiaceae Eudicots Native Edible Fig Ficus carica Moraceae Eudicots Naturalized
White Mulberry Morus alba Moraceae Eudicots Naturalized Floating Water Primrose Ludwigia peploides Onagraceae Eudicots Naturalized Knotweed, Knotgrass Polygonum aviculare Polygonaceae Eudicots Naturalized Curly Dock Rumex crispus Polygonaceae Eudicots Naturalized Himalayan Blackberry Rubus armeniacus Rosaceae Eudicots Naturalized Alamo Or Fremont Cottonwood Populus fremontii subsp.
fremontii Salicaceae Eudicots Native
Goodding's Black Willow Salix gooddingii Salicaceae Eudicots Native Italian Thistle Carduus pycnocephalus subsp.
pycnocephalus Asteraceae Eudicots Naturalized
Yellow Star-Thistle Centaurea solstitialis Asteraceae Eudicots Naturalized Tall Flatsedge Cyperus eragrostis Cyperaceae Monocots Native Common Tule Schoenoplectus acutus var.
occidentalis Cyperaceae Monocots Native
Chicory Cichorium intybus Asteraceae Eudicots Naturalized Wild Oat Avena fatua Poaceae Monocots Naturalized
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World iii Common Name Scientific Name Family Major
Clade Nativity
Ripgut Grass Bromus diandrus Poaceae Monocots Naturalized Bermuda Grass Cynodon dactylon Poaceae Monocots Naturalized Hairy Crab Grass Digitaria sanguinalis Poaceae Monocots Naturalized Rye Grass Festuca perennis Poaceae Monocots Naturalized Annual Beard Grass Polypogon monspeliensis Poaceae Monocots Naturalized Little-Seeded Canary Grass Phalaris minor Poaceae Monocots Naturalized Johnson Grass Sorghum halepense Poaceae Monocots Naturalized Common Wheat Triticum aestivum Poaceae Monocots Naturalized Walnut species Juglans sp. Juglandaceae Eudicots —
Wildlife
Common Name Scientific Name Family Introduced/Endemic
American Bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus Ranidae (True Frogs) Introduced Western Fence Lizard Sceloporus occidentalis
Phrynosomatidae (Zebratailed, Earless, Fringe-toed,
Spiny, Tree, Side-blotched,
and Horned Lizards)
—
Gopher Snake Pituophis catenifer Colubridae (Harmless EggLaying Snakes) — Northwestern Pond Turtle Actinemys marmorata Emydidae (Box and Basking Turtles) —
Red-eared Slider Trachemys scripta elegans Emydidae (Box and Basking Turtles) Introduced
Canada Goose Branta canadensis Anatidae (Ducks, Geese,
and Swans) —
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos Anatidae (Ducks, Geese,
and Swans) —
Rock Pigeon Columba livia Columbidae (Pigeons and
Doves) Introduced
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World iv Common Name Scientific Name Family Introduced/Endemic
Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura Columbidae (Pigeons and
Doves) —
White-throated Swift Aeronautes saxatalis Apodidae (Swifts) — Anna's Hummingbird Calypte anna Trochilidae (Hummingbirds) — Killdeer Charadrius vociferus Charadriidae (Lapwings and Plovers) —
Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus Phalacrocoracidae (Cormorants) —
Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias Ardeidae (Herons, Bitterns, and Allies) —
Great Egret Ardea alba Ardeidae (Herons, Bitterns,
and Allies) —
Snowy Egret Egretta thula Ardeidae (Herons, Bitterns,
and Allies) —
Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura Cathartidae (New World
Vultures) —
Northern Harrier Circus hudsonius Accipitridae (Hawks, Kites, Eagles, and Allies) —
Cooper's Hawk Accipiter cooperii Accipitridae (Hawks, Kites, Eagles, and Allies) —
Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni Accipitridae (Hawks, Kites, Eagles, and Allies) —
Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis Accipitridae (Hawks, Kites, Eagles, and Allies) —
Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus Picidae (Woodpeckers and Allies) —
American Kestrel Falco sparverius Falconidae (Caracaras and Falcons) —
Western Kingbird Tyrannus verticalis Tyrannidae (Tyrant Flycatchers) —
Pacific-slope Flycatcher Empidonax difficilis Tyrannidae (Tyrant Flycatchers) —
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World v Common Name Scientific Name Family Introduced/Endemic
Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans Tyrannidae (Tyrant
Flycatchers) —
Say's Phoebe Sayornis saya Tyrannidae (Tyrant
Flycatchers) —
American Crow Corvus brachyrhynchos Corvidae (Crows and Jays) — Common Raven Corvus corax Corvidae (Crows and Jays) —
Tree Swallow Tachycineta bicolor Hirundinidae (Swallows) — Northern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis Hirundinidae (Swallows) — Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Hirundinidae (Swallows) —
Cliff Swallow Petrochelidon pyrrhonota Hirundinidae (Swallows) — Bewick's Wren Thryomanes bewickii Troglodytidae (Wrens) — Northern Mockingbird Mimus polyglottos Mimidae (Mockingbirds and Thrashers) —
European Starling Sturnus vulgaris Sturnidae (Starlings) Introduced American Robin Turdus migratorius Turdidae (Thrushes) — House Finch Haemorhous mexicanus
Fringillidae (Fringilline and
Cardueline Finches and
Allies)
—
Lesser Goldfinch Spinus psaltria
Fringillidae (Fringilline and
Cardueline Finches and
Allies)
—
White-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys Passerellidae (New World Sparrows) —
Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis Passerellidae (New World Sparrows) —
Western Meadowlark Sturnella neglecta Icteridae (Blackbirds) — Bullock's Oriole Icterus bullockii Icteridae (Blackbirds) — Red-winged Blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus Icteridae (Blackbirds) — Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater Icteridae (Blackbirds) — Brewer's Blackbird Euphagus cyanocephalus Icteridae (Blackbirds) — DRAFT Biological Resources Assessment
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World vi Common Name Scientific Name Family Introduced/Endemic
Common Yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas Parulidae (Wood-Warblers) — Yellow-rumped Warbler Setophaga coronata Parulidae (Wood-Warblers) — Brush Rabbit Sylvilagus bachmani Leporidae (Hares and
Rabbits) —
Black-tailed Jackrabbit Lepus californicus Leporidae (Hares and Rabbits) —
Northern River Otter Lontra canadensis Mustelidae (Weasels, Otters, and Badgers) —
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World i Appendix B. Special Status Biological Resource Summary
The research conducted for this report included a desktop review of numerous resource databases in order to determine a list of special status biological resources, including 20 plant taxa and 28 wildlife taxa to be analyzed for potential occurrence. The result of this analysis is summarized in the tables below. Table column definitions:
• Common Name: The most widely-accepted English common name for the taxon. • Scientific Name: The most widely-accepted scientific name for the taxon. • Source(s): The desktop review source(s) that contained this taxon. • Legal Status: The legal protected status of the taxon. These terms are described in detail in the Methods section of this report.
• Habitat: The quality of the habitat on the Project site for supporting the taxon. Classification of habitats is described in detail in the Methods section of this report.
• Soils: The suitability of soils on the Project site to support the taxon, if known. Classification of soils is described in detail in the Methods section of this report.
• Potential: The potential for the taxon to be found on the Project site. Ranking of potential is described in detail in the Methods section of this report.

Plants
Common Name Scientific Name Source(s) Legal Status Habitat Soils Potential Pappose
Tarplant
Centromadia
parryi ssp. parryi
CNPS CRPR 1B.2 Low Quality Unknown Low
Suisun Marsh
Aster
Symphyotrichum
lentum
CNPS CRPR 1B.2 Not Present Unknown None
Heckard's
Pepper-Grass
Lepidium latipes
var. heckardii
CNPS CRPR 1B.2 Low Quality Unknown Low
Dwarf
Downingia
Downingia
pusilla
CNDDB, CNPS CRPR 2B.2 Not Present Unknown Low
Legenere Legenere limosa CNPS, HCP CRPR 1B.1 Not Present Unknown None Heartscale
Atriplex
cordulata var.
cordulata
CNPS CRPR 1B.2 Not Present Unknown None
San Joaquin
Spearscale
Extriplex
joaquinana
CNPS CRPR 1B.2 Low Quality Unknown Low
Brittlescale Atriplex
depressa
CNPS CRPR 1B.2 Not Present Unknown None
Alkali Milk-Vetch Astragalus tener
var. tener
CNPS CRPR 1B.2 Not Present Unknown None
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World ii Common Name Scientific Name Source(s) Legal Status Habitat Soils Potential Ferris' MilkVetchAstragalus tener
var. ferrisiae
CNPS CRPR 1B.1 Not Present Unknown Low
Delta Tule Pea Lathyrus jepsonii
var. jepsonii
HCP CRPR 1B.2 Not Present Unknown None
Saline Clover Trifolium
hydrophilum
CNPS CRPR 1B.2 Not Present Unknown Low
Woolly RoseMallow
Hibiscus
lasiocarpos var.
occidentalis
CNDDB, CNPS CRPR 1B.2 Low Quality Unknown Low
Palmate-bracted
Bird's-Beak
Chloropyron
palmatum

CNPS FE, CE, CRPR
1B.1
Low Quality Unknown Low
Boggs Lake
Hedge-Hyssop
Gratiola
heterosepala
CNPS, HCP CE, CRPR 1B.2 Not Present Unknown None
Sanford's
Arrowhead
Sagittaria
sanfordii

CNDDB, CNPS,
HCP
CRPR 1B.2 Low Quality Unknown Low
Colusa Grass Neostapfia
colusana

HCP FT, CE, CRPR
1B.1
Not Present Unknown None
Slender Orcutt
Grass Orcuttia tenuis HCP FT, CE, CRPR 1B.1
Not Present Unknown None
Sacramento
Orcutt Grass Orcuttia viscida HCP FE, CE, CRPR 1B.1
Not Present No None
California Alkali
Grass
Puccinellia
simplex
CNPS CRPR 1B.2 Not Present Unknown None
Wildlife
Common Name Scientific Name Source(s) Legal Status Habitat Potential Vernal Pool Fairy Shrimp Branchinecta lynchi CNDDB;
IPaC; HCP
Federal Threatened Not Present None
Midvalley Fairy Shrimp Branchinecta
mesovallensis
HCP — Not Present None
Vernal Pool Tadpole
Shrimp
Lepidurus packardi IPaC; HCP Federal Endangered Not Present None Valley Elderberry
Longhorn Beetle
Desmocerus
californicus
dimorphus
CNDDB;
IPaC; HCP
Federal Threatened Not Present None
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World iii Common Name Scientific Name Source(s) Legal Status Habitat Potential Monarch - California
Overwintering Population
Danaus plexippus
pop. 1
IPaC Federal Candidate Low Quality Low
Green Sturgeon -
Southern DPS
Acipenser medirostris
pop. 1
CH Federal Threatened;
California Species of
Special Concern
Not Present None
Steelhead - Central Valley
DPS
Oncorhynchus mykiss
irideus pop. 11
CNDDB; CH Federal Threatened Not Present None
Chinook Salmon - Central
Valley Spring-Run ESU
Oncorhynchus
tshawytscha pop. 11
CH Federal Threatened;
California Threatened
Not Present None
Chinook Salmon -
Sacramento River WinterRun ESU
Oncorhynchus
tshawytscha pop. 7
CH Federal Endangered;
California Endangered
Not Present None
Delta Smelt Hypomesus
transpacificus
IPaC Federal Threatened;
California Endangered
Not Present None
Longfin Smelt Spirinchus
thaleichthys
CNDDB Federal Candidate;
California Threatened
Not Present None
Sacramento Splittail Pogonichthys
macrolepidotus
CNDDB California Species of
Special Concern
Not Present None
California Red-legged
Frog
Rana draytonii IPaC Federal Threatened;
California Species of
Special Concern
Not Present None
Western Spadefoot Spea hammondii HCP California Species of Special Concern
Not Present None
California Tiger
Salamander
Ambystoma
californiense
IPaC; HCP Federal Endangered;
California Endangered
Not Present None
Giant Gartersnake Thamnophis gigas CNDDB;
IPaC; HCP
Federal Threatened;
California Threatened
Medium Quality Present
Northwestern Pond
Turtle
Actinemys
marmorata
CNDDB;
Bargas; HCP
California Species of
Special Concern
Medium Quality Present
Cackling Goose Branta hutchinsii HCP — Low Quality Low
White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi HCP — Low Quality Low
White-tailed Kite Elanus leucurus CNDDB California Fully Protected High Quality High Northern Harrier Circus hudsonius Bargas California Species of Special Concern
High Quality Present
Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni CNDDB;
Bargas; HCP
California Threatened High Quality Present
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World iv Common Name Scientific Name Source(s) Legal Status Habitat Potential Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia CNDDB; HCP California Species of Special Concern
Medium Quality Moderate
Least Bell's Vireo Vireo bellii pusillus CNDDB Federal Endangered; California Endangered
Not Present None
Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus HCP California Species of Special Concern
Low Quality Low
Bank Swallow Riparia riparia HCP California Threatened Not Present None Song Sparrow (Modesto
Population)
Melospiza melodia CNDDB California Species of
Special Concern
Low Quality Low
Tricolored Blackbird Agelaius tricolor CNDDB; HCP California Threatened; California Species of
Special Concern
Low Quality Low
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World i Appendix C. Site Photographs
Photo 1. Representative photo of Perennial Rye Grass Field vegetation community within the Project site, with an adjacent strip of Upland Mustard or Star-thistle Fields along the disturbed / developed road (Bayou Way) and shoulder; looking south.

Photo 2. Representative photo of Upland Mustard or Star-thistle Fields within the Biological Study Area, adjacent to a developed paved access road and open water in Ditch-2. Interstate 5 is visible on the right of the photo; looking west.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World ii Photo 3. The disturbed / developed construction yard present within the Project site on the south side of Bayou Way and west of Metro Air Parkway; looking southwest.

Photo 4. Representative photo of open water (Canal-3, West Drainage Canal) adjacent to the Project site in the Biological Study Area, with Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patch vegetation community present in the foreground and a strip of Valley Oak Riparian Forest and Woodland present in the background; looking west.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World iii Photo 5. Representative view of Goodding’s Willow – Red Willow Riparian Woodland and Forest within the Project site, adjacent to the banks of Canal-2 (open water); looking southwest.

Photo 6. Representative photo of Hardstem and California Bulrush Marsh vegetation community present in Ditch-1 within the Project site, with a patch of Himalayan Blackberry – Rattlebox – Edible Fig Riparian Scrub visible in the background; looking south.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World iv Photo 7. Representative photo of Cattail Marsh vegetation community present in Ditch-1 within the Project site, with a patch of Himalayan Blackberry – Rattlebox – Edible Fig Riparian Scrub visible in the background photo-right, and Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches present on both banks; looking northwest.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing World i Appendix D. NRCS Soil Resource Report
Service Layer Credits: World Street Map:

County of Sacramento, Bureau of Land
Management, Esri, HERE, Garmin, NGA,

USGS, NPS
World Topographic Map: County of
Airport South Industrial Park
Exhibit 1
Project Site and Vicinity
E
Source: ESRI ArcGIS Online Basemap - World Topographic Map, World Street Map Map Created: 10/21/2021, Map Revised: 9/26/2022, Bargas Project Number: 1439-21 0 4 8 Miles
0 3,000 6,000 Feet E
Public Land Survey System (PLSS):

Mount Diablo Meridian,Township 9N, Range 4E, Section 05 USGS Quad(s): Taylor Monument (1978)
Watershed: Curry Creek-Sacramento River (1802016104)
Project Site Coordinates: -121.567°W 38.67°N
1 inch = 6,250 feet
1 inch = 8 miles
^_
Project Site
Project Site
Airport South Industrial Park
E
Study Areas
0 500 1,000 Feet
Source: Bing Maps Hybrid
Map Created:10/21/2021, Map Revised: 10/4/2022, Bargas Project Number: 1439-21 Project Site
Biological Study Area
1 inch = 1,000 feet
161
115
115
127
216
115
127
113
161
217
217
115
214
161
213
247
113
161
115
127
214
213
247
113
Airport South Industrial Park
Exhibit 3 E
Soils Map
0 500 1,000 Feet
Source: Bing Maps Hybrid, NCRS Soils Data (10/2021)
Project Site
Annexation Area
Surrounding SSURGO Soils
SSURGO Soils
113 - Capay clay loam, 0 to 2
percent slopes, occasionally
flooded
115 - Clear Lake clay, hardpan
substratum, drained, 0 to 1
percent slopes
127 - Cosumnes silt loam,
partially drained, 0 to 2 percent
slopes
161 - Jacktone clay, drained, 0 to
2 percent slopes
213 - San Joaquin silt loam,
leveled, 0 to 1 percent slopes
214 - San Joaquin silt loam, 0 to
3 percent slopes
247 - Water
1 inch =1,000 feet
Map Created: 10/21/2021, Map Revised: 9/27/2022, Bargas Project Number: 1439-21 Line Rd Power Line
Rd
5 Bayou Wa y
Metro Air Pkwy
Bayou Way
PV Scholars Ln
Egret Park
4a
4b 4d
4e
Ditch 1 4c
Ditch 2
Canal 2
Ditch 2
Canal 3
Canal 2
Ditch 1
Canal 1
Canal 3
1 3
2 5
4 6
7 -121.549,

38.674
-121.579,

38.660
Airport South Industrial Park
Exhibit 4 E
Aquatic Resource Delineation
0 500 1,000 Feet
Source: Bing Maps Hybrid
Map Created: 10/21/2021, Map Revised: 9/27/2022, Bargas Project Number: 1439-21 Project Site
Map Page
Box Culvert
Map Reference Point
Sample Point
Culvert Point
Aquatic Features
Canals 1, 2,and 3
Ditch 1 and 2 1 inch = 1,000 feet
Surveyor Name: Krystal Pulsipher
Map Date: 4/25/2022
Map Author: David Duncan
Date Revised: 7/18/2022
Aerial Source: Bing Maps Hybrid
Coordinate System:

NAD 1983 UTM Zone 11N
Canal Canal 1 0.04 2149
Canal Canal 2 1.46 3204
Canal Canal 3 0.001 5335
Ditch Ditch 1 0.19 2278
Ditch Ditch 2 0.39 2458
Total 2.081 15424
Aquatic Feature Type Name Acres Linear Feet
PEM1A
PEM1A
PEM1C
PSSC
Airport South Industrial Park
Exhibit 5
National Wetlands Inventory E Within Annexation Area
0 500 1,000 Feet
Source: Bing Maps Hybrid, National Wetlands Inventory
Map Created: 9/27/2022, Map Revised: n/a, Bargas Project Number: 1439-21 Annexation Area
Wetlands 1 inch = 1,000 feet
Airport South Industrial Park
Exhibit 6 E
Vegetation and Land Cover
0 500 1,000 Feet
Source: Bing Maps Hybrid
Map Created: 8/9/2022, Map Revised: 10/4/2022, Bargas Project Number: 1439-21 BSA (464.50-acres)
Study Area
Vegetation and Land Cover Types
Cattail Marsh (0.02-acre)
Disturbed/Developed (41.80-acres)
Goodding's Willow - Red Willow Riparian Woodland and Forest (0.77-acre) Hardstem and California Bulrush Marshes (0.22-acre)
Himalayan Blackberry - Rattlebox - Edible Fig Riparian Scrub (1.28-acres) Open Water (11.13-acres)
Perennial Rye Grass Fields (269.93-acres)
Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches (3.91-acres)
Unknown Row Crops (4.58-acres)
Upland Mustards or Star-thistle Fields (130.10-acres)
Valley Oak Riparian Forest and Woodland (0.75-acre)
1 inch = 1,000 feet

APPENDIX F

Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 1 DRAFT Aquatic Resources Delineation
Airport South Industrial Park
Sacramento County, California
Prepared For: Raney Planning & Management, Inc.

ATTN: Rod Stinson
1501 Sports Drive, Suite A
Sacramento, CA 95834
Report Date: September 2022
Sacramento Orange Pasadena Riverside Temecula San Diego www.BargasConsulting.com
DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California i Project Team
Report Author(s): Krystal Pulsipher
Field Surveyor(s): Krystal Pulsipher, Bekah Christianson GIS: David Duncan
Project Manager: Marcus England
Principal in Charge: Marcus England
Review Committee: Wendy Fisher, Marcus England
Recommended Citation: Bargas Environmental Consulting. 2022. DRAFT Aquatic Resources Delineation – Airport South Industrial Park, unincorporated Sacramento County, California.

Report prepared for Raney Planning & Management, Inc. September 2022.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California i Table of Contents
1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Project Site Location...................................................................................................................................1

1.2 Definitions ..................................................................................................................................................1

1.3 Project Applicant and Agent.......................................................................................................................1 2 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................................................................. 4

2.1 Wetlands.....................................................................................................................................................4

2.1.1 Hydrophytic Vegetation........................................................................................................................4

2.1.2 Hydric Soils............................................................................................................................................5

2.1.3 Wetland Hydrology...............................................................................................................................5

2.2 Non-Wetland Waters..................................................................................................................................6

2.3 Non-Aquatic Hydrologic Features ..............................................................................................................6 3 Methodology......................................................................................................................................... 7

3.1 Delineation Survey and Field Conditions....................................................................................................7

3.2 Mapping......................................................................................................................................................8

3.3 Determination Methods.............................................................................................................................8 4 Environmental Setting ........................................................................................................................... 9

4.1 Soils.............................................................................................................................................................9

4.2 Vegetation Communities......................................................................................................................... 10

4.2.1 Perennial Rye Grass Fields................................................................................................................. 10

4.2.2 Upland Mustards or Star-thistle Fields.............................................................................................. 10

4.2.3 Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches.................................................................................................... 10

4.2.4 Hardstem and California Bulrush Marsh ........................................................................................... 10

4.2.5 Cattail Marsh...................................................................................................................................... 11

4.2.6 Himalayan Blackberry – Rattlebox – Edible Fig Riparian Scrub ......................................................... 11

4.2.7 Goodding’s Willow – Red Willow Riparian Woodland and Forest .................................................... 11

4.2.8 Valley Oak Riparian Forest Woodland............................................................................................... 11

4.3 Hydrology ................................................................................................................................................ 11 5 Delineation Results...............................................................................................................................14

5.1 Tributary Drainages................................................................................................................................. 14

5.1.1 Canal-1............................................................................................................................................... 14 DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California ii

5.1.2 Canal-2............................................................................................................................................... 15

5.1.3 Canal-3 (West Drainage Canal).......................................................................................................... 15

5.2 Other Waters........................................................................................................................................... 15

5.2.1 Ditch-1 ............................................................................................................................................... 15

5.2.2 Ditch-2 ............................................................................................................................................... 16

5.3 Annexation Area...................................................................................................................................... 16

5.3.1 PEM1A ............................................................................................................................................... 16

5.3.2 PEM1C................................................................................................................................................ 17

5.3.3 PSSC ................................................................................................................................................... 18 6 Conclusion............................................................................................................................................21 7 References ...........................................................................................................................................22 List of Tables
Table 1. Indicator Status’ for Hydrophytic Vegetation...............................................................................................5 Table 2. Soil Series within the Project site .................................................................................................................9 Table 3. Aquatic Features Observed in the Project site .......................................................................................... 14 List of Exhibits
Exhibit 1. Project Site and Vicinity..............................................................................................................................2 Exhibit 2. Study Areas.................................................................................................................................................3 Exhibit 3. Soils Map ................................................................................................................................................. 13 Exhibit 4. Aquatic Resource Delineation Map......................................................................................................... 19 Exhibit 5. National Wetlands Inventory Within Annexation Area........................................................................... 20 Appendices
A. Representative Site Photographs
B. Observed Plant Species
C. Arid West Wetland / OHWM Data Forms
D. Custom Soil Resource Report
E. GIS Shapefiles and ORM Upload Spreadsheet (electronic only attachment) DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 1 1 Introduction
This report presents the results of the aquatic resources delineation (ARD) conducted by Bargas Environmental Consulting, LLC (Bargas) for the Airport South Industrial Park project (Project) located within unincorporated Sacramento County, California. The purpose of the delineation was to identify whether aquatic resources occur within the Project site and to provide the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) with sufficient information to determine if these aquatic resources are jurisdictional wetlands or other waters of the United States (U.S.), as defined by the USACE under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (CWA). Permission to enter the Project site to complete field verification by USACE must be verified in writing by the Applicant and Applicant’s Agent prior to access.

1.1 Project Site Location
The Project site is 340 acres in size and located in unincorporated Sacramento County, south of the Sacramento International Airport and west of the community of North Natomas and approximately 6.9 miles northwest of downtown Sacramento, California (Exhibits 1 and 2). The Project site is equivalent to the Project boundary and is roughly bordered by Powerline Road on the west, the Caltrans Interstate-5 (I-5) right-of-way on the north, a fire break along Lanfranco Circle on the east, and the West Drainage Canal on the south. The Project site is comprised of several APNs including 225-0020-022, 225-0020-024, 225-0020-034, 225-0020-035, 225-0020-030, 225-0020- 026, 225-0020-027, 225-0020-021, 225-0020-016, 225-0020-017, 225-0020-010, and 225-0030-023. The approximate center point is located at 38.667115°, -121.565371° (WGS84), within Section 5 of Township 9 North in Range 6 East of the US Geological Survey (USGS) Taylor Mountain 7.5-minute quadrangle From downtown Sacramento, the Project site may be accessed via I-5 north for approximately 7 miles. Take exit 527 then turn left (south) onto Metro Air Parkway. Follow Metro Air Parkway for approximately 0.3 mile to Bayou Way and the north side of the Project site.

1.2 Definitions
This report will use the following definitions for areas referred to herein:
• Project site: The Project site is defined as the 340 acres being analyzed for Project entitlements. The Project site is the primary Study Area for the formal Aquatic Resources Delineation. • Annexation Area: The Annexation Area is defined as the 450 acres proposed for annexation by the City of Sacramento and is inclusive of the Project Area. As used herein, however, references to resources in the Annexation Area are exclusive of the Project site.

A map depicting these areas is provided as Exhibit 2.

1.3 Project Applicant and Agent
Applicant Agent
Raney Planning & Management, Inc.

ATTN: Rod Stinson
1501 Sports Drive, Suite A
Sacramento, CA 95834
Bargas Environmental Consulting, LLC
ATTN: Krystal Pulsipher
3604 Fair Oaks Boulevard Suite 180
Sacramento, CA 95864
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 2 Exhibit 1. Project Site and Vicinity
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 3 Exhibit 2. Study Areas
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 4 2 Regulatory Setting
The regulatory setting is framed by current enabling legislation and case law. Under Section 404 of the CWA, the USACE regulates the discharge of dredged and fill materials into “waters of the U.S.” The Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) published a revised definition of "waters of the United States" on December 7, 2021, in response to the U.S. District Court of the District of Arizona ruling resulting in "vacating and remanding" the Navigable Waters Protection Rule (Federal Register 2021). This revised definition is consistent with the pre-2015 regulations based upon the Supreme Court cases of Rapanos vs. United States and Carabell vs.

United States (USEPA and USACE 2008), over traditional navigable waters (TNW) and the following types of features determined to have "significant nexus" to a TNW:

1. wetlands adjacent to TNWs

2. non-navigable tributaries of TNWs that are relatively permanent where the tributaries typically flow yearround or have continuous flow at least seasonally

3. wetlands that directly abut non-navigable tributaries of TNWs Projects that place fill in jurisdictional wetlands and non-wetland waters of the U.S. require a permit from the USACE under Section 404 of the CWA. The USACE issues nationwide permits for specific types of activities with minimal individual or cumulative adverse environmental impacts. Individual permits are required for large and/or complex projects or projects that exceed the impact threshold for nationwide permits.

These waters may be sorted into two broader categories of waters: wetlands and non-wetland waters.

2.1 Wetlands
Wetlands are defined under 33 C.F.R. 328.3(c)(16) as:

Those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas.

In order for an area to be considered a wetland under Section 404, it must possess three wetland characteristics:
hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, and wetland hydrology. Several indicators may be analyzed to determine if the criteria are satisfied.

2.1.1 Hydrophytic Vegetation
Hydrophytic vegetation is typically adapted to live in permanently or periodically saturated soils. Hydrophytic indicator species are those included on the National Wetland Plant List, version 3.5: Arid West Region (USACE 2020). Each species on the list is rated according to a wetland indicatory category, as shown in Table 1 below.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 5 Table 1. Indicator Status’ for Hydrophytic Vegetation
Category Indicator
Status
Probability
Obligate Wetland OBL Almost always occur in wetlands (estimated probability > 99 percent) Facultative Wetland FACW Usually occur in wetlands (estimated probability 67–99 percent)
Facultative FAC Equally likely to occur in wetlands and non-wetlands (estimated probability 34–66 percent)
Facultative Upland FACU Usually occur in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67–99 percent) Obligate Upland OBL Almost always occur in non-wetlands (estimated probability > 99 percent)
No Investigation NI Undetermined
*Source: USACE 2020.

To be considered hydrophytic, more than 50% of the dominant species of each stratum must have wetland indicator status (i.e., be rated as obligate [OBL], facultative wetland [FACW], or facultative [FAC]).

2.1.2 Hydric Soils
Hydric soils are defined as soils that formed under conditions of saturation, flooding, or ponding long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part. Soils are considered likely to meet the definition of a hydric soil when one or more of the following criteria are met:

1. All Histels except Folistels and Histosols except Folists; or

2. Soils that are frequently ponded for long duration or very long duration during the growing season; or

3. Soils that are frequently flooded for long duration or very long duration during the growing season.

Hydric soils develop under conditions of saturation and inundation combined with microbial activity in the soil that causes a depletion of oxygen. The Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Arid West (Version 2.0) (USACE 2008a) has a number of field indicators that may be used to identify hydric soils. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) has also developed field indicators that may demonstrate the presence of hydric soils (NRCS 2018). These indicators include hydrogen sulfide generation; accumulation of organic matter; and reduction, translocation, and/or accumulation of iron and other reducible elements. These processes result in soil characteristics that persist during both wet and dry periods. Separate indicators have been developed for sandy soils and for loamy and clayey soils.

2.1.3 Wetland Hydrology
Areas with wetland hydrology are those where the presence of water has an overriding influence on vegetation and soil characteristics due to anaerobic and reducing conditions, respectively (USACE 1987). Hydrology is often the most difficult criterion to measure in the field due to seasonal and annual variations in water availability. Some of the indicators that are commonly used to identify wetland hydrology include visual observation of inundation DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 6 or saturation, watermarks, recent sediment deposits, surface scour, and oxidized root channels (rhizospheres) resulting from prolonged anaerobic conditions.

2.2 Non-Wetland Waters
Tributary non-tidal waters that may be regulated by the USACE extend to the Ordinary High Water Mark (OHWM), which is defined under 33 CFR 328.3(c)(7) as:

That line on the shore established by the fluctuations of water and indicated by physical characteristics such as clear, natural line impresses on the bank, shelving, changes in the character of soil, destruction of terrestrial vegetation, the presence of litter and debris, or other appropriate means that consider the characteristics of the surrounding areas.

2.3 Non-Aquatic Hydrologic Features
The Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual (USACE 1987) defines non-aquatic features as:

Upland and lowland areas that are neither deep water aquatic habitats, wetlands nor other special aquatic sites. They are seldom or never inundated, or if frequently inundated, they have saturated soils for only a brief period of time during the growing season. If these features are vegetated, they normally support species that are predominantly adapted to aerobic soil conditions.

Determined on a case-by-case basis, USACE and EPA guidance on the extent of CWA geographic jurisdiction define certain categories of “upland ditches” and “upland swales” that generally are not subject to CWA jurisdiction. An irrigation ditch is a man-made feature and/or upland swale that either conveys water to an ultimate irrigation use or place of use, or that moves and/or conveys irrigation water (i.e. “run-off from irrigation) away from irrigated lands (USACE 2007).

As described in Defining “Waters of the United States”: Canals, Ditches, and Drains (University of Arkansas School of Law 2004), irrigation ditches and canals are generally not subject to federal CWA jurisdiction when these waters do not establish a “significant nexus” with traditional navigable waters. Irrigation ditches that receive water from natural streams and lakes, and divert water to streams and creeks, are considered tributaries to other “waters of the United States.”
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 7 3 Methodology
This report has been prepared per the USACE South Pacific Division and Sacramento District Regulatory Programs minimum standards (USACE 2016a, 2016b). In addition, the following manuals and guidance were used to delineate waters of the U.S. and wetlands that are potentially subject to USACE jurisdiction under Section 404 of the CWA:
• Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual (USACE 1987); • Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Arid West (Version 2.0) (USACE 2008a);
• A Field Guide to the Identification of the Ordinary High Water Mark in the Arid West Region of the Western United States, A Delineation Manual (USACE 2008b) Prior to conducting the field aquatic resources delineation, the following information sources were reviewed:
• Aerial imagery of the Project site and the vicinity (Google 2022); • Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) soil survey maps and unit descriptions, Web Soil Survey, Sacramento County (NRCS 2022);
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) - Wetlands Online Mapper (USFWS 2022);
• U.S. Geological Survey’s National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) (USGS 2022) to determine if hydrological features have been mapped on or adjacent to the Project site.

The Web Soil Survey, NWI, and NHD were used to analyze the Annexation Area, supplemented by field observations of the area.

3.1 Delineation Survey and Field Conditions
Bargas biologists Krystal Pulsipher and Bekah Christianson conducted the aquatic resources delineation on Wednesday, October 27 and Thursday, October 28, 2021. An additional site visit was conducted on July 5, 2022, by Krystal Pulsipher to collect additional data. The site assessment consisted of walking meandering transects throughout the Project site, but remaining south of Bayou Way, to identify wetlands or waterways potentially under the jurisdiction of the USACE. Where wetlands were suspected to be present based on aerial signatures and conditions observed in the field, soil pits were excavated to a depth of approximately 18 inches or until an impermeable layer was reached. The three wetland criteria (hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, and wetland hydrology) were evaluated following the USACE protocol for the Arid West (USACE 2008a). The locations of the sample points and aquatic features were noted on aerial images of the Project site. Mapped soil types in the Project site were determined using the NRCS Web Soil Survey, Custom Soil Resource Report (NRCS 2022). A standard Munsell® Soil Color Chart was used to determine soil matrix and mottle colors (Kollmorgen Instruments Company 2000) in the field. Where present, the OHWM for all potential non-wetland waters of the U.S. present were delineated (USACE 2008b). Plant community names follow A Manual of California Vegetation: Second Edition (CNPS 2022), where applicable. Plant nomenclature followed Jepson eFlora (2022). The USACE National Wetland Plant List, version 3.5 (USACE 2020), was used to determine the status of observed plants as wetland indicator species. Site photographs are presented in Appendix A. A list of plant species observed, and their National Wetland Plant List indicator status is provided in Appendix B. Datasheets are presented in Appendix C.

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3.2 Mapping
Boundaries of hydrologic features (including man-made features) within the Project site were surveyed and mapped using a Eos Arrow 100 receiver paired with the Eos Pro Tools and ESRI Field Maps applications. This GPS is capable of real-time differential correction and sub-meter accuracy. The GPS data were downloaded through ArcGIS Online and converted into ESRI shapefile format. The geographic coordinate system used to reference the data was Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM–Zone 10), North American Datum (NAD83) in meters.

Each wetland was assessed by determining the wetland feature/upland edges and by observing the mandatory wetland indicators at selected points along each transect as defined by the 1987 Manual (USACE 1987), the Regional Supplemental Manual (USACE 2008a), and Guide to OHWM (USACE 2008b). Potential wetland boundaries were mapped at a level of accuracy of less than one meter. Soil pits were hand-excavated to obtain soil data for wetlands. Data were overlaid on an aerial photograph provided by ESRI ArcGIS World Imagery. The top of bank was mapped for non-wetland waters (canals) and the bankfull width and location of OHWM in relation to top of bank noted. Desktop methods were then utilized to map the location of OHWM on both banks of each non-wetland feature and top of bank opposite the bank mapped with GPS in the field. The ESRI data and GIS software were used to calculate the acreage of each polygon. Mapping requirements, as set forth by Updated Map and Drawing Standards for the South Pacific Division Regulatory Program (USACE 2016a) and the Minimum Standards for Acceptance of Aquatic Resources Delineation Reports (USACE 2016b) for the Sacramento District were followed.

3.3 Determination Methods
Data for each potential wetland were collected using the USACE Wetland Determination Data Form – Arid West Region (USACE 2013). Data forms were completed at representative locations to determine whether suspect features qualify as jurisdictional wetlands or other waters of the U.S. (Appendix C). Wetlands were determined based on the presence of the three factors that define wetlands – the presence of dominant hydrophytic vegetation, the presence of hydric soils, and wetland hydrology indicators.

Data for each potential non-wetland water were collected using the USACE Arid West Ephemeral and Intermittent Streams OHWM Datasheet (USACE 2008b, 2010). Data for each linear feature were collected at representative cross sections with observations on sediment texture and vegetation characteristics summarized for each floodplain unit present. The OHWM for each linear feature were determined based upon the presence of certain indicators which can include a change in average sediment texture, vegetation species, vegetation cover, and breaks in bank slope.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 9 4 Environmental Setting
The Project site is located within the Sacramento Valley between the North Coast Ranges on the west and the Northern Sierra Nevada Mountains on the east. This region is characterized by a Mediterranean climate, generally experiencing warm, dry conditions April through October and wet, cool conditions from November through March. The topography within the Project site has an elevation range of approximately 13 to 20 feet above mean sea level and is open and relatively flat throughout.

The Project site is currently characterized primarily by fallow agricultural fields with a construction yard present along the northern side adjacent to Bayou Way and west of Metro Air Parkway. Very few dirt access roads exist within the Project site. There is an overhead electrical utility pole alignment along the southern boundary adjacent to the West Drainage Canal. Two large canals partially overlap the west and south boundaries and a third transects the eastern third of the Project site. These canals are part of the facilities managed and operated by Reclamation District 1000 (RD1000 2022). An irrigation drainage ditch transects the western third of the Project site and a second transects the northern extent of the Project site.

4.1 Soils
Mapped soil series in the Project site were determined using the Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO) and NRCS Web Soil Survey, Custom Soil Resource Report (NRCS 2021). Table 2 identifies the soil type by series and subgroup, map symbol, and hydric characteristics (Exhibit 3). The NRCS soil report for the Project site is included in Appendix D.

Table 2. Soil Series within the Project site
Soil Series Map Unit
Number
Map Unit
Symbol
Parent Material Drainage Class Hydric Rating
Capay clay loam, 0 – 2%
slopes, occasionally
flooded
113 hhlm Alluvium Moderately well
drained
No
Clear Lake clay, hardpan
substratum, drained, 0-1%
slopes
115 hhlp Alluvium Somewhat poorly
drained
Yes
Cosumnes silt loam,
partially drained, 0-2%
slopes
127 2x415 Alluvium derived
from igneous and
metamorphic rock
Somewhat poorly
drained
Yes
Jacktone clay, drained, 0-
2% slopes
161 hhn5 Alluvium Somewhat poorly
drained
Yes
San Joaquin silt loam,
leveled, 0-1% slopes
213 hhpv Alluvium derived
from granite
Moderately well
drained
No
San Joaquin silt loam, 0-3%
slopes
214 hhpw Alluvium derived
from granite
Moderately well
drained
No
Source: NRCS 2022
As shown in Exhibit 3, these same soil types continue outside of the Project site into the adjacent portions of the Annexation Area.

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4.2 Vegetation Communities
The Project site is primarily characterized by semi-natural vegetation community alliances dominated by nonnative plant species. A list of plant species observed, and their National Wetland Plant List indicator status is provided in Appendix B.

4.2.1 Perennial Rye Grass Fields
The majority of the Project site can be best described as Perennial Rye Grass Fields (Lolium perenne [now Festuca perennis] Herbaceous Semi-Natural Alliance). This vegetation community was observed within two large fallowed agricultural fields, lower topographical roadside areas that receive sheet flow storm water runoff from the roads including the areas west and east of Metro Air Parkway north of Bayou Way, and a ditch that transects the northern end of the Project site. The dominant plant species observed in these areas was Rye Grass (Festuca perennis; FAC) with smaller amounts of Perennial Pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium; FAC), Ripgut Grass (Bromus diandrus; not listed [NL] assumed UPL), and Little-seeded Canary Grass (Phalaris minor; NL) observed. Historic aerial imagery and field observations suggest the vegetation in most areas containing Perennial Rye Grass Fields community may be managed through mowing or shallow tilling for fire fuel abatement.

4.2.2 Upland Mustards or Star-thistle Fields
The second most prevalent vegetation community observed within the Project site can best be described as Upland Mustards or Star-thistle Fields (Brassica nigra – Centaurea [solstitialis, melitensis] Herbaceous SemiNatural Alliance). This vegetation community was observed within one large fallowed agricultural field and most roadside areas within the Project site. The dominant plants species observed in these areas included Black Mustard (Brassica nigra; NL), Jointed Charlock (Raphanus raphinastrum; NL), Little Mallow (Malva parviflora; NL), Bristly Ox-Tongue (Helminthotheca echioides; FAC), and Ripgut Grass (NL). Historic aerial imagery and field observations suggest the vegetation in most areas containing Upland Mustards or Star-thistle Fields community may be managed through mowing or shallow tilling for fire fuel abatement.

4.2.3 Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches
The Project site also contains locations best described as Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches (Conium maculatum – Foeniculum vulgare Herbaceous Semi-Natural Alliance). The dominant plant species observed in these areas include Poison Hemlock (Conium maculatum; FACW), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare; NL), Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum; NL), Wild Teasel (Dipsacus fullonum; FAC), Little Mallow, and Ripgut Grass(NL). Other species observed in smaller amounts included Bristly Ox-Tongue (FAC), Italian Thistle (Carduus pycnocephalus ssp. pycnocephalus; NL), Chicory (Cichorium intybus; FACU), Black Mustard (NL), and Perennial Pepperweed (FAC). Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches appear limited to places where fire fuel abatement equipment may not have as much access to operate, including the corners of fields and along the edge of one field immediately adjacent to an irrigation drainage ditch.

4.2.4 Hardstem and California Bulrush Marsh
The vegetation within the drainage ditch that transects the western third of the Project site can be best described primarily as Hardstem and California Bulrush Marsh (Schoenoplectus [acutus, californicus] Herbaceous Alliance.

The dominant plant species observed in these areas included Common Tule (Schoenoplectus acutus var. occidentalis; OBL), Tall Flatsedge (Cyperus eragrostis; FACW), Curly Dock (Rumex crispus; FAC), Johnson Grass DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 11 (Sorghum halepense; FACU) and Bristly Ox-Tongue (FAC). A few Fremont Cottonwood (Populus fremonti; NL) trees, ranging from approximately 15 to 30 feet in height, are present and rooted within or adjacent to the irrigation drainage ditch where this community is present.

4.2.5 Cattail Marsh
The southern end of this drainage ditch widens just north of where it discharges to the West Drainage Canal and contains two patches of vegetation best described as Cattail Marshes (Typha [angustifolia, domingensis, latifolia] Herbaceous alliance. These areas are dominated by Cattail species (Typha sp.; OBL) with smaller amounts of Common Tule (OBL).

4.2.6 Himalayan Blackberry – Rattlebox – Edible Fig Riparian Scrub There are patches of vegetation along the irrigation drainage ditch transecting the western third of the Project site and along a smaller ditch present just outside of the southeastern Project site boundary that are best characterized as Himalayan Blackberry – Rattlebox – Edible Fig Riparian Scrub (Rubus armeniacus - Sesbania punicea – Ficus carica Shrubland Semi-Natural Alliance. These patches are predominantly composed of Himalayan Blackberry (Rubus armeniacus; FAC) with smaller amounts of Western Poison Oak (Toxicodendron diversilobum; FACU), Edible Fig (Ficus carica; FACU), Wild Teasel (FAC), Poison Hemlock (FACW), and Fennel (NL).

4.2.7 Goodding’s Willow – Red Willow Riparian Woodland and Forest A small grove of trees best characterized as Goodding’s Willow – Red Willow Riparian Woodland and Forest (Salix gooddingii – Salix laevigata Forest and Woodland Alliance) is present adjacent to the south bank of the eastern canal where it turns east to follow parallel to Bayou Way. The trees are all of a single species, Gooding’s Willow (Salix gooddingii; FACW), and range in height from approximately 15 to 25 feet tall.

4.2.8 Valley Oak Riparian Forest Woodland
Several small groves of trees best characterized as Valley Oak Riparian Forest Woodland (Quercus lobata Riparian Forest and Woodland Alliance) are present within and adjacent to the west bank of the eastern canal just north of the West Drainage Canal on the south boundary of the Project site. Several small groves of trees are also present along the north bank of the West Drainage Canal to the west of the eastern canal. The trees are all of a single species, Valley Oak (Quercus lobata; FACU), and range in height from approximately 15 to 40 feet tall. Many of the trees are rooted within the bank and are failing as the bank erodes into the canal.

4.3 Hydrology
The hydrologic regime in the Project site is influenced by seasonal precipitation, stormwater runoff from the lands adjacent to the Project site, and overflow from the irrigation drainage ditch and canals present within or partially overlapping the Project site during abnormally large storm events. One such large storm event occurred between October 23 to 25, 2021, two days prior to the day one of this survey, and output approximately 4.5 inches of precipitation (Weather Underground 2022). This amount of rainfall is significantly greater than the 30-year normal precipitation for the month of October which is 0.8 to 1.2 inches (PRISM Climate Group 2022).

The two north-south oriented canals (one along Powerline Road, the other bisecting the eastern third of the Project site) are direct tributaries to the canal along the southern boundary, West Drainage Canal. All three canals and the drainage ditch transecting the northern edge of the Project site are features mapped in the NWI and NHD DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 12 in addition to being blueline features on the USGS topographic map. The irrigation drainage ditch feature observed bisecting the western third of the Project site is not mapped in the databases listed above or on the topographic map but discharges to the West Drainage Canal. The West Drainage Canal is tributary to the Sacramento River via multiple pumping stations managed by Reclamation District 1000 (RD1000 2022).

The Project site is situated within of the Natomas Main Drainage Canal-Sacramento River subwatershed (12-digit hydrologic unit code [HUC] 180201610402; USGS 2022) within the Upper Coon-Upper Auburn watershed (8-digit HUC 18020161). The Natomas Main Drainage Canal-Sacramento River subwatershed encompasses an area to the east of the Sacramento River and north of the American River, west of the Natomas Main Drainage Canal (Steelhead Creek) and south of the Cross Canal located just west of the community of Pleasant Grove.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 13 Exhibit 3. Soils Map
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 14 5 Delineation Results
Survey efforts identified a total of 2.081 acres (15,424 linear feet) of aquatic features composed of three tributary drainages (Canal-1, Canal-2, Canal-3) and two other waters (Ditch-1, Ditch-2) (Table 3 and Exhibit 4). Delineation data sheets are included in Appendix C, and representative photographs are included in Appendix A.

Table 3. Aquatic Features Observed in the Project site
Feature Name Area (acres)* Length (linear feet)
Tributary Drainages
Canal-1 0.04 2,149
Canal-2 1.46 3,204
Canal-3 0.001 5,335
Subtotal: 1.501 10,688
Other Waters
Ditch-1 0.19 2,278
Ditch-2 0.39 2,458
Subtotal: 0.58 4,736
Grand Total: 2.081 15,424
Source: Bargas, 2022. *Acreages are calculated estimations that are subject to modification pending formal verification by USACE.

5.1 Tributary Drainages

5.1.1 Canal-1
Canal-1 is a north-south oriented man-excavated drainage canal that partially overlaps the Project site’s western boundary. This canal’s origin can be traced on the topographic map and the RD1000 facilities map as beginning within the Sacramento International Airport grounds approximately 2 to 3 miles northwest of the Project site.

Canal-1 is a direct tributary to Canal-3 (West Drainage Canal) as it directly connects at the southwest corner of the Project site. This feature conveys stormwater and irrigation runoff collected in various small ditches and stormwater infrastructure in the local vicinity. Canal-1 exhibited an OHWM that was not prominent, with one indicator observed being a change in bank slope, particularly on the east bank where a slight shelf was observed, creating an upside-down trapezoidal-like cross-sectional profile. The OHWM of the entire feature appeared to vary between approximately 25 to 30 feet wide, with 30-foot width observed at OHWM SP-3. The depth at OHWM and the sediment characteristics were unable to be determined due to safety concerns. The second OHWM indicator observed was a shift from open water and floating aquatic vegetation such as Duckweed (Lemna species; OBL) and an unidentified dead floating-leaved rooted vascular plant species to Black Mustard (NL), Milk Thistle (NL), Ripgut Grass (NL), Rye Grass (FAC), Poison Hemlock (FACW), and Fennel (NL) in Upland Mustards or Starthistle Fields, Perennial Rye Grass Fields, or Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches communities. Evidence of a recent flooding event was observed in the form of ponded water and aquatic vegetation present in the field adjacent to the east bank of the canal.

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5.1.2 Canal-2
Canal-2 north-south oriented man-excavated drainage canal that transects the eastern third of the Project site.

This canal’s origin can be traced on the topographic map and the RD1000 facilities map as beginning along Lone Tree Road just north of West Elkhorn Boulevard, approximately 2 to 3 miles north of the Project site. Canal-2 is a direct tributary to Canal-3 (West Drainage Canal) as it directly connects at the south boundary of the Project site.

This feature conveys stormwater and irrigation runoff collected in various small ditches and stormwater infrastructure in the local vicinity. Canal-2 exhibited an OHWM that was not prominent, with one indicator observed being a change in bank slope creating an upside-down trapezoidal-like cross-sectional profile. The OHWM of the entire feature appeared to vary between approximately 26 to 30 feet wide, with 28-foot width observed at OHWM SP-4. Both banks of this feature are experiencing erosion. The depth at OHWM and the sediment characteristics were unable to be determined due to safety concerns. The second OHWM indicator observed was a shift from open water and floating aquatic vegetation such as Duckweed (OBL) and an unidentified dead floating-leaved rooted vascular plant species to Black Mustard (NL), Milk Thistle (NL), Ripgut Grass (NL), Rye Grass (FAC), Poison Hemlock (FACW), and Fennel (NL) in Upland Mustards or Star-thistle Fields or Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches communities. There are trees present along the banks of this feature, either individual specimens or small groves of either Goodding’s Black Willow (FACW) or Valley Oak (FACU).

5.1.3 Canal-3 (West Drainage Canal)
Canal-3 is a named feature, the West Drainage Canal, and is a west-east oriented man-excavated drainage canal that partially overlaps the south boundary of the Project site. This canal’s origin can be traced on the topographic map and the RD1000 facilities map as beginning along Elkhorn Boulevard east of Garden Highway, approximately 3 miles northwest of the Project site. The canal receives water from several other smaller drainage canals that convey stormwater and irrigation runoff collected in various small ditches and stormwater infrastructure in the local vicinity. This water ultimately gets discharged to the Sacramento River in a controlled and managed way via several different pump stations. Canal-3 exhibited an OHWM that was moderately prominent with one indicator observed being a change in bank slope, especially on the south bank where there was an obvious scour mark below where the bank was being undercut, creating an upside-down trapezoidal-like cross-sectional profile. The OWHM of this feature appeared to vary between 49 to 54 feet wide, with a 52-foot width observed at OHWM SP5 and a 50-foot width at OHWM SP-6. Both banks of this feature are experiencing erosion. The depth at OHWM and the sediment characteristics were unable to be determined due to safety concerns. The second OHWM indicator observed was a shift from open water and floating aquatic vegetation to Black Mustard (NL), Milk Thistle (NL), Ripgut Grass (NL), Rye Grass (FAC), Poison Hemlock (FACW), and Fennel (NL) in Upland Mustards or Starthistle Fields or Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches communities. There are trees present along the banks of this feature, either individual specimens or small groves of Valley Oak (FACU) and Black Walnut (Juglans nigra; UPL).

Evidence of a recent flooding event was observed in the form of ponded water and aquatic vegetation present in the field adjacent to the north bank of the canal.

5.2 Other Waters

5.2.1 Ditch-1
Ditch-1 is a north-south oriented man-excavated irrigation drainage ditch that transects the western third of the Project site, starting at Bayou Way on its north terminus and discharging to Canal-3 (West Drainage Canal) on its DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 16 south terminus. This feature conveys excess irrigation water and stormwater runoff from the adjacent agricultural fields to Canal-3. Ditch-1 exhibited an OHWM that was not prominent, with one indicator observed being a change in bank slope creating an upside-down trapezoidal-like cross-sectional profile. The OHWM varied in width from being approximately 16 feet wide and 1 foot deep at its south end (OHWM SP-1) and approximately 3 feet wide and 1.5 feet deep near the north end (OHWM SP-2), with 3 feet wide being the average width observed. The substrate within the channel bed is best characterized as silt. The second OHWM indicator observed included a change in vegetation species. The majority of Ditch-1 is best characterized as Hardstem and California Bulrush Marsh with the dominant plant species being Common Tule (OBL), Tall Flatsedge (FACW), Curly Dock (FAC), Johnson Grass (FACU), and Bristly Ox-Tongue (FAC). Other plant species observed in smaller amounts include Cattail (OBL), Himalayan Blackberry (FAC), and Fremont Cottonwood (not listed [NL], assumed UPL). The vegetation shifted to Perennial Rye Grass Fields primarily on the west side of the feature with dominant vegetation being Rye Grass (FAC) and Ripgut Grass (NL), and Poison Hemlock or Fennel Patches primarily on the west side of the feature with dominant vegetation being Fennel (NL), Poison Hemlock (FACW), Milk Thistle (NL), Black Mustard (NL), and Ripgut Grass.

5.2.2 Ditch-2
Ditch-2 is an east-west oriented man-excavated drainage ditch that transects the northern edge of the Project site. The ditch starts outside of the Project site on the north side of Bayou Way across the road from Canal-2, passes through the Project site, then ultimately discharges to an extension of Canal-1 outside of the Project site.

This feature conveys stormwater runoff from the adjacent roads and uplands within the Caltrans I-5 right-of-way to Canal-1. Ditch-2 exhibited a prominent OHWM that was approximately 7 feet wide and 1 foot deep with several indicators observed. A slight break in slope was present at the OHWM and there was a large coverage of biotic crust and soil cracks observed below the OHWM. The vegetation cover changed from approximately 25% below the OHWM to approximately 75% above the OHWM. When not inundated with water, Ditch-2 is best characterized as Perennial Rye Grass Field vegetation community. The dominant vegetation species changed from Annual Beard Grass (Polypogon monspeliensis; FACW), Tall Flatsedge (FACW), and Curly Dock (FAC) below the OHWM to Wild Oats (NL), Chicory (FACU), Bird’s Foot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus; FAC), and Perennial Pepperweed (FAC). There was surface water present in this ditch feature at the time of the October 2021 surveys but the feature was dry at the time of the July 2022 survey.

5.3 Annexation Area
Bargas examined data layers within the NHD and NWI to determine potential jurisdictional features within the Annexation Area. For linear features, both datasets show the area’s canals and no other feature types. Several wetland features, however, are mapped by the NWI within the Annexation Area. These are discussed below and shown on Exhibit 5.

5.3.1 PEM1A
NWI features classified as PEM1A are located in the northwest corner of the Annexation Area (approximately 1.4 acres) and north-central portion of the Annexation Area (approximately 2.3 acres), the latter of which is connected to an area mapped as PEM1C (discussed below in Section 5.3.2). The NWI’s definition of PEM1A features is as follows:

Palustrine - Emergent Persistent - Temporarily Flooded
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 17 Palustrine wetlands are often dominated by trees, shrubs, or other emergent vegetation and include habitats traditionally called marsh, swamp, bog, fen, or prairie. Wetlands lacking emergent vegetation but that are smaller than 20 acres (8 ha), have little wave action, are < 8.2 feet (2.5 m) deep, and have salinity < 0.5 ppt are also classified as Palustrine.

Typical species include:

5.3.2 PEM1C
An NWI feature classified as PEM1C measuring approximately 4 acres in extent is located in the north-central portion of the Annexation Area and is connected to an area mapped as PEM1A (discussed above in Section 5.3.1).

The NWI’s definition of PEM1C features is as follows:

Palustrine- Emergent Persistent - Seasonally Flooded
Palustrine wetlands are often dominated by trees, shrubs, or other emergent vegetation and include habitats traditionally called marsh, swamp, bog, fen, or prairie. Wetlands lacking emergent vegetation but that are smaller than 20 acres (8 ha), have little wave action, are < 8.2 feet (2.5 m) deep, and have salinity < 0.5 ppt are also classified as Palustrine.

Typical species include:

Cattails (Typha), Bulrushes (Scirpus), Saw grass (Cladium jamaicense), Sedges (Carex), Manna grasses (Glyceria), Slough grass (Beckmannia syzigachne), Common river grass (Scolochloa festucacea), Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), Mexican dock (Rumex mexicanus), Swamp loosestrife (Decodon verticillatus), Smartweeds (Polygonum)
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 18

5.3.3 PSSC
An NWI feature classified as PSSC measuring approximately 1.5 acres in extent is located in the southeast portion of the Annexation Area. The NWI’s definition of PSSC features is as follows:

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 19 Exhibit 4. Aquatic Resource Delineation Map
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 20 Exhibit 5. National Wetlands Inventory Within Annexation Area DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 21 6 Conclusion
A total of 2.081 acres (15,424 linear feet) of aquatic features have been identified within the Project site, composed of three tributary drainages (three canals; Canal-1, Canal-2, Canal-3) and one other water (one irrigation drainage ditch; Ditch-1). Canal-3, the West Drainage Canal, is a managed (via pump stations) tributary to the Sacramento River, a USACE-designated traditional navigable waterway located approximately 1.3 miles to the southwest of the approximate center of the Project site. RD1000 operates several pumping plants to release water from the drainage canals to the Sacramento River in a controlled manner including the following:
• Pumping Plants 1A and 1B on the Natomas Main Drainage Canal connected to Canal-3 via box culvert under I-80, located approximately 0.6 miles west of Gateway Oaks Drive and approximately 4.6 miles southeast of the Project site center;
• Pumping Plant #3 on a lateral canal connected to Canal-3 via box culvert under a farm road, located along Garden Highway approximately 0.75 miles north of Radio Road and approximately 1.5 miles south of the Project site center; and
• Pumping Plant #5 on a lateral canal connected to Canal-3 via culvert pipes under a farm road, located along Garden Highway approximately 0.75 miles southeast of I-5 and approximately 2.5 miles west of the Project site center.

Canal-1 and Canal-2 are direct tributaries of Canal-3 and Ditch-1 has direct surface hydrologic connection to Canal3. All features observed and mapped within the Project site are potentially USACE jurisdictional features. These features are subject to the interpretation and verification of the USACE Sacramento District Regulatory Division.

All features observed are depicted in Exhibit 4.

Four wetland features mapped by the NWI as measuring approximately 9.4 acres in extent are potentially present within the Annexation Area. These features, however, have not been verified with a field delineation.

On April 6, 2022, the US Supreme Court voted to re-instate portions of the previous administration’s USEPA – Clean Water Act wetland regulations criteria. It is not known at this time if this recent ruling will influence the USACE Sacramento Regulatory District as they process a wetland jurisdictional determination for this Project.

Upon the USACE and USEPA issuing modified regulations based upon the recent court ruling, Bargas will relay the changes to the applicant to discuss if any of the regulation changes modify the aquatic resources delineation for the proposed Project.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 22 7 References
California Native Plant Society (CNPS). 2022. Manual of California Vegetation Online. Available online at https://vegetation.cnps.org/. Accessed April 2022.

Federal Register. 2021. Revised Definition of "Waters of the United States". Available online at https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2021/12/07/2021-25601/revised-definition-of-waters-of-theunited-states . Accessed April 2022.

Google. 2022. GoogleEarth Pro. Accessed April 2022.

Jepson eFlora. 2021. Jepson Flora Project. Jepson eFlora. https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/. Accessed April 2022.

Kollmorgen Instruments Company. 2000. Munsell Soil Color Charts.

Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). 2018. Field Indicators of Hydric Soils in the United States. A Guide for Identifying and Delineating Hydric Soils, Version 8.2.

PRISM Climate Group. 2022. 30-Year Normals. Northwest Alliance for Computational Science and Engineering, Oregon State University. Available online at https://prism.oregonstate.edu/normals/. Accessed April 2022.

NRCS 2021. Web Soil Survey. Available online at https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/. Accessed April 2021.

Reclamation District 1000 (RD1000). 2022. https://rd1000.org. Accessed April 2022.

United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 2008. Clean Water Act Jurisdiction Following the U.S. Supreme Court's Decision in Rapanos v. United States and Carabell v. United States. Summary of Key Points. December 2, 2008.

USACE. 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual. Editor J.C. Hickman. Research Program Technical Report Y-87-1. Department of the Army, Vicksburg, VA. U.S. Army Waterways Experiment Station.

USACE 2007. Regulatory Guidance Letter RGL 07-02. Exemptions for Construction or Maintenance of Irrigation Ditches and Maintenance of Drainage Ditches Unde3r Section 404 of the Clean Water Act.

USACE. 2008a. Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Arid West Region (Version 2.0). Editors J.S. Wakeley, R.W. Lichvar, and C.V. Noble. ERDC/EL TR-08-28. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS.

USACE. 2008b. A Field Guide to the Identification of the Ordinary High Water Mark in the Arid West Region of the United States. Editiors R.W. Lichvar and S.M. McColley. ERDC/CRREL TR-08-12. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH.

USACE. 2010. Updated Datasheet for the Identification of the Ordinary High Water Mark in the Arid West Region of the Western United States. Editors K.E. Curtis and R.W. Lichvar. ERDC/CRREL TN-12-1. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH.

USACE. 2013. Wetland Determination Data Form – Arid West Region – Version 2.0.

USACE. 2016a. Special Public Notice Updated Map and Drawing Standards for the South Pacific Division Regulatory Program. Published February 2016. Available online at
https://www.spd.usace.army.mil/Portals/13/docs/regulatory/standards/MapStand020816.pdf DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California 23 USACE. 2016b. Minimum Standards for Acceptance of Aquatic Resources Delineation Reports. Published January 2016. Available online at https://www.spk.usace.army.mil/Portals/12/documents/regulatory/jd/minimumstandards/Minimum_Standards_for_Delineation_with_Template-final.pdf USACE. 2020. National Wetland Plant List, Version 3.5. Engineer and Development Center, Cold Revions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, NH. Available online at https://cwbiapp.sec.usace.mil/nwpl_static/v34/home/home.html#. Accessed April 2022.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2022. National Wetlands Inventory – Wetlands Online Mapper. Available online at https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/. Accessed April 2022.

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 2022. The National Geological Map Database. Available online at https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/ngmdb/ngmdb_home.html. Accessed April 2022.

University Arkansas School of Law, 2004. Defining “Waters of the United States”; Canals, Ditches, and Drains, An Agricultural Law Research Article.

Weather Underground. 2022. Sacramento International Airport, Station G KCASACRA445. Available online at https://www.wunderground.com/dashboard/pws/KCASACRA445?cm_ven=localwx_pwsdash . Accessed April 2022.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California i Appendix A. Representative Site Photographs
Photo 1. The north end of Ditch-1, looking south from Bayou Way.

Photo 2. The south end of Ditch-1, looking south towards OHWM SP-1 and Canal-3 (West Drainage Canal). Ditch-1 widens north of Canal3.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California ii Photo 3. Ditch-1 at OHWM SP-2, looking west across the channel.

Photo 4. Canal-1 along Powerline Road, looking south towards OHWM SP-3. A significant rain event occurred prior to conducting the survey, causing the canal to flood and an excess of stormwater sheet flow to pond in the adjacent agricultural field.

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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California iii Photo 5. North side of Canal-2 looking west along the canal south of Bayou Way.

Photo 6. Canal-2 looking north towards OHWM SP-4.

DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
September 2022
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California iv Photo 7. Canal-3 (West Drainage Canal), looking west towards OHWM SP-5, located just west of where Canal-2 discharges to Canal-3.

Photo 8. Canal-3 (West Drainage Canal), looking east towards OHWM SP-6, located just east of where Canal-1 discharges to Canal-3.

DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
September 2022
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California v Photo 9. Representative photo of a fallow agricultural field, this specific field being located in the eastern third of the Project site, looking south from Bayou Way.

Photo 10. Ditch-2, looking towards OHWM SP-7, located within the northern edge of the Project site, west of Metro Air Parkway.

DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
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1439-21
September 2022
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California i Appendix B. Plant List
Common Name Scientific Name Wetland Indicator Status*
Western Poison Oak Toxicodendron diversilobum FACU
Poison Hemlock Conium maculatum FACW
Fennel Foeniculum vulgare NL
Italian Thistle
Carduus pycnocephalus ssp.
pycnocephalus NL
Yellow Star-Thistle Centaurea solstitialis NL
Chicory Cichorium intybus FACU
Bristly Ox-Tongue Helminthotheca echioides FAC
Milk Thistle Silybum marianum NL
Black Mustard Brassica nigra NL
Perennial Pepperweed Lepidium latifolium FAC
Jointed Charlock Raphanus raphanistrum NL
Bindweed Convolvulus arvensis NL
Wild Teasel Dipsacus fullonum FAC
Doveweed Croton setiger NL
Bird’s Foot Trefoil Lotus corniculatus FAC
Valley Oak, Roble Quercus lobata FACU
Little Mallow Malva parviflora NL
Edible Fig Ficus carica FACU
White Mulberry Morus alba FACU
Curly Dock Rumex crispus FAC
Himalayan Blackberry Rubus armeniacus FAC
Fremont Cottonwood Populus fremontii ssp. fremontii NL
Goodding's Black Willow Salix gooddingii FACW
Tall Flatsedge Cyperus eragrostis FACW
Common Tule
Schoenoplectus acutus var.
occidentalis OBL
Wild Oats Avena fatua NL
Ripgut Grass Bromus diandrus NL
Rye Grass Festuca perennis FAC
Little-Seeded Canary Grass Phalaris minor NL
DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
September 2022
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California ii Common Name Scientific Name Wetland Indicator Status*
Annual Beard Grass Polypogon monspeliensis FACW
Johnson Grass Sorghum halepense FACU
Wheat Triticum aestivum NL
Black Walnut Juglans nigra UPL
Duckweed species Lemna sp. OBL
Cattail species Typha sp. OBL
*Definitions:
• FAC – Facultative
• FACU – Facultative Upland
• FACW – Facultative Wetland
• UPL – Obligate Upland
• NL – Not listed
DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California i • Appendix C. Arid West Wetland Data Forms
DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
Airport South Industrial Park
1439-21
September 2022
Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California ii Appendix D. Custom Soil Resource Report
DRAFT Aquatic Resource Delineation
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Providing Environmental Solutions for a Developing California i Appendix E. GIS Shapefiles and ORM Upload Spreadsheet (electronic only attachment)
Service Layer Credits: World Street Map:

County of Sacramento, Bureau of Land
Management, Esri, HERE, Garmin, NGA,

Mount Diablo Meridian,Township 9N, Range 4E, Section 05 USGS Quad(s): Taylor Monument (1978)
Watershed: Curry Creek-Sacramento River (1802016104)
Project Site Coordinates: -121.567°W 38.67°N
1 inch = 6,250 feet
1 inch = 8 miles
^_
Project Site
Project Site
Airport South Industrial Park
Exhibit 2 E
Study Areas
0 500 1,000 Feet
Source: Bing Maps Hybrid
Map Created:10/21/2021, Map Revised: 9/26/2022, Bargas Project Number: 1439-21 Project Site
Annexation Area 1 inch = 1,000 feet
161
115
115
127
216
115
127
113
161
217
217
115
214
161
213
247
113
161
115
127
214
213
247
113
Airport South Industrial Park
Exhibit 3 E
Soils Map
0 500 1,000 Feet
Source: Bing Maps Hybrid, NCRS Soils Data (10/2021)
Project Site
Annexation Area
Surrounding SSURGO Soils
SSURGO Soils
113 - Capay clay loam, 0 to 2
percent slopes, occasionally
flooded
115 - Clear Lake clay, hardpan
substratum, drained, 0 to 1
percent slopes
127 - Cosumnes silt loam,
partially drained, 0 to 2 percent
slopes
161 - Jacktone clay, drained, 0 to
2 percent slopes
213 - San Joaquin silt loam,
leveled, 0 to 1 percent slopes
214 - San Joaquin silt loam, 0 to
3 percent slopes
247 - Water
1 inch =1,000 feet
Map Created: 10/21/2021, Map Revised: 9/27/2022, Bargas Project Number: 1439-21 Line Rd Power Line
Rd
5 Bayou Wa y
Metro Air Pkwy
Bayou Way
PV Scholars Ln
Egret Park
4a
4b 4d
4e
Ditch 1 4c
Ditch 2
Canal 2
Ditch 2
Canal 3
Canal 2
Ditch 1
Canal 1
Canal 3
1 3
2 5
4 6
7 -121.549,

38.674
-121.579,

APPENDIX G

Copyright © 2022 by ENGEO Incorporated. This document
may not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means
whatsoever, nor may it be quoted or excerpted without the express written consent of ENGEO Incorporated.

AIRPORT SOUTH INDUSTRIAL PARK

SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA

PRELIMINARY GEOTECHNICAL EXPLORATION

SUBMITTED TO
Mr. Rod Stinson
Assistant Division Manager
Raney Planning & Management, Inc.
1501 Sports Drive
Sacramento, CA 95834

PREPARED BY
ENGEO Incorporated
May 5, 2022
PROJECT NO.
19894.000.001

GEOTECHNICAL

ENVIRONMENTAL

WATER RESOURCES

CONSTRUCTION SERVICES

COASTAL/MARINE GEOTECHNICS
2213 Plaza Drive  Rocklin, CA 95765  (916) 786-8883  Fax (888) 279-2698 www.engeo.com
Project No.
19894.000.001
May 5, 2022
Mr. Rod Stinson
Assistant Division Manager
Raney Planning & Management, Inc.
1501 Sports Drive
Sacramento, CA 95834
Subject: Airport South Industrial Park
Metro Parkway
Sacramento, California

PRELIMINARY GEOTECHNICAL EXPLORATION
Dear Mr. Stinson:

ENGEO prepared this geotechnical report for Raney Planning & Management, Inc. as outlined in our agreement dated January 11, 2022. We characterized the subsurface conditions at the site to provide the enclosed preliminary geotechnical recommendations.

Based upon our initial assessment, it is our opinion that the proposed development is feasible from a geotechnical standpoint. Design-level exploration should be conducted prior to site development once information is available regarding the building layout, structural loads, and proposed grading.

We are pleased to have been of service on this project and are prepared to consult further with you and your design team as the project progresses. If you have any questions or comments regarding this preliminary geotechnical report, please call and we will be glad to discuss them with you.

Sincerely,
ENGEO Incorporated
Travis Chatters, PE, QSD Mark M. Gilbert, PE, GE, QSD
tc/mmg/ar
Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

1.0 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................. 1

1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE .................................................................................................... 1

1.2 PROJECT LOCATION........................................................................................................ 1

1.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................. 1

2.0 FINDINGS ............................................................................................................ 2

2.1 AERIAL PHOTO REVIEW .................................................................................................. 2

2.2 FIELD EXPLORATION ....................................................................................................... 2

2.2.1 Borings ................................................................................................................... 2

2.2.2 Cone Penetration Tests ......................................................................................... 3

2.3 GEOLOGY .......................................................................................................................... 3

2.4 SEISMICITY........................................................................................................................ 3

2.5 SURFACE CONDITIONS ................................................................................................... 4

2.6 SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS............................................................................................ 4

2.7 GROUNDWATER CONDITIONS ....................................................................................... 5

2.8 LABORATORY TESTING................................................................................................... 5

2.9 PRELIMINARY LIQUEFACTION ANALYSES.................................................................... 5

3.0 PRELIMINARY CONCLUSIONS ......................................................................... 6

3.1 EXPANSIVE SOIL............................................................................................................... 6

3.2 EXISTING FILL ................................................................................................................... 7

3.3 SEISMIC HAZARDS ........................................................................................................... 7

3.3.1 Ground Rupture ..................................................................................................... 7

3.3.2 Ground Shaking ..................................................................................................... 7

3.3.3 Liquefaction............................................................................................................ 8

3.3.4 Flooding ................................................................................................................. 8

3.4 SOIL CORROSION POTENTIAL........................................................................................ 8

3.5 2019 CBC SEISMIC DESIGN PARAMETERS................................................................... 9

4.0 PRELIMINARY EARTHWORK RECOMMENDATIONS.................................... 10

4.1 EXPANSIVE SOIL MITIGATION ...................................................................................... 10

4.2 EXISTING FILL REMOVAL .............................................................................................. 10

4.3 GENERAL SITE CLEARING ............................................................................................ 10

4.4 ACCEPTABLE FILL .......................................................................................................... 10

4.5 OVER-OPTIMUM SOIL MOISTURE CONDITIONS......................................................... 11

4.6 FILL COMPACTION.......................................................................................................... 11

5.0 PRELIMINARY FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATIONS.................................... 12

6.0 PRELIMINARY RETAINING WALL RECOMMENDATIONS............................. 12

7.0 PRELIMINARY PAVEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS........................................ 13

7.1 FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS .................................................................................................. 13

7.2 RIGID PAVEMENTS......................................................................................................... 13

8.0 PRELIMINARY EXTERIOR FLATWORK RECOMMENDATIONS.................... 14

9.0 DESIGN-LEVEL GEOTECHNICAL REPORT.................................................... 14 Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
ii of ii May 5, 2022

10.0 LIMITATIONS AND UNIFORMITY OF CONDITIONS ....................................... 14

SELECTED REFERENCES

FIGURES
APPENDIX A – Exploration Logs
APPENDIX B – CPT Data
APPENDIX C – Laboratory Test Data
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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE
We prepared this preliminary geotechnical report for the proposed Airport South Industrial Park in Sacramento, California. As outlined in our agreement dated January 11, 2022, you authorized ENGEO to conduct the following scope of services.
• Service plan development
• Subsurface field exploration
• Soil laboratory testing
• Data analysis and conclusions
• Report preparation
For our use, we received the following.
• Concept Site Plan A1, Airport South Industrial Park, Sacramento, California, August 23, 2021, 1:500 scale.
• Preliminary Site Plan #1, Airport South Industrial, City of Sacramento, California, March 14, 2022, prepared by Wood Rodgers.

This report was prepared for the exclusive use of our client and their consultants for preliminary design of this project. If any changes are made in the character, design, or layout of the development, we must be contacted to review the conclusions and preliminary recommendations contained in this report to evaluate whether modifications are recommended. This document may not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means whatsoever, nor may it be quoted or excerpted without our express written consent.

1.2 PROJECT LOCATION
The proposed project is to be located on an approximately 450-acre site that lies south of Interstate 5 at the Metro Air Parkway interchange in Sacramento, California. Figure 1 displays a Site Vicinity Map. The site is bordered by Interstate 5 to the north, Power Line Road to the west, farmland to the south, and residential subdivisions to the east. Figure 2 shows site boundaries and our exploration locations.

1.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
We understand from the Preliminary Site Plan prepared in March 2022, that the proposed Airport South Industrial Park project will consist of multiple large acreage parcels that will include industrial use, detention basins, “highway” parcels, paved roadways and parking areas, underground utilities, and a sewer pump station. Five of the parcels will include buildings ranging in size from 696,260 to 1,202,800 square feet in area. Basins on the site range in size from 3.5 to

40.6 acres.

The Concept Site Plan dated August 2021, which was used to prepare our proposal, had similar site features as the Preliminary Site Plan, but with different building and basin configurations. We understand that the Preliminary Site Plan is the most recent and more applicable document for the proposed development.

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Based on our discussions with you, we understand the buildings will be tilt-up warehouse type structures. We assume that the structures will be no more than two stories in height. Structural loads and grading are yet to be determined; however, we assume that structural loads will be representative for this type of construction and that only minor grading will be required.

2.0 FINDINGS

2.1 AERIAL PHOTO REVIEW
We reviewed aerial photographs of the site dating back to 1947. We observed the following features in the historic aerial photographs.
• The site has historically been used for agriculture, which included rice farming and row crops. • Several structures were observed near the northern and eastern borders of the site as far back as the 1947. The structures in the eastern portion of the site were no longer visible by 1984, and the structures along the northern border were no longer visible by 2009. • Bayou Way was observed as of the 1993 photograph in its current alignment. • Soil was stockpiled in the numerous smaller piles in the northeastern corner of the site in 2007 and 2008. We did not observe any stockpiles in the area during our exploration. • Earthwork of the adjacent Metro Air Parkway overcrossing was observed as of 2020.

2.2 FIELD EXPLORATION
Our field exploration included drilling six borings and advancing two cone penetration test (CPT) soundings at the site. We performed our field exploration on March 22, 23, and 30, 2022. The location and elevations of our explorations are approximate and were estimated by using handheld GPS devices; they should be considered accurate only to the degree implied by the method used. We provide a brief description of the borings and CPTs below.

2.2.1 Borings
We observed drilling of six borings at the locations shown on the Site Plan, Figure 2. An ENGEO representative observed the drilling and logged the subsurface conditions at each location. We retained a truck-mounted CME-55 drill rig and crew to advance the borings using 4-inch-diameter solid-flight auger methods. The borings were advanced to depths ranging from 11½ to 18 feet below existing grade.

We obtained bulk soil samples from drill cuttings and retrieved samples at various intervals in the borings using split-spoon samplers. The blow counts were obtained by dropping a 140-pound hammer through a 30-inch free fall. The 3-inch outside diameter (O.D.) modified California splitspoon sampler was driven 18 inches and the number of blows was recorded for each 6 inches of penetration. Unless otherwise indicated, the blows per foot recorded on the boring log represent the accumulated number of blows to drive the last 1 foot of penetration; the blow counts have not been converted using any correction factors. When sampler driving was difficult, penetration was recorded only as inches penetrated for 50 hammer blows.

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The logs depict subsurface conditions at the exploration locations for the date of exploration; however, subsurface conditions may vary with time. The exploration logs are included in Appendix A.

2.2.2 Cone Penetration Tests
We retained a CPT rig to push the cone penetrometer to a maximum depth of about 50 feet. The CPT has a 20-ton compression-type cone with a 15-square-centimeter (cm2) base area, an apex angle of 60 degrees, and a friction sleeve with a surface area of 225 cm2. The cone, connected with a series of rods, is pushed into the ground at a constant rate. Cone readings are taken at approximately 5-cm intervals with a penetration rate of 2 cm per second in accordance with ASTM D-5778. Measurements include the tip resistance to penetration of the cone (Qc), the resistance of the surface sleeve (Fs), and pore pressure (U) (Robertson and Campanella, 1988). CPT logs are presented in Appendix B.

2.3 GEOLOGY
The site is located in the Great Valley geomorphic province. The Great Valley is an elongate, northwest-trending structural trough bound by the Coast Range on the west and the Sierra Nevada on the east. The Great Valley has been and is presently being filled with sediments primarily derived from the Sierra Nevada. The impact of periodic glaciation of the Sierra Nevada during the last global climate change was strongly felt by the Sacramento Valley River systems.

Huge quantities of sediments were moved through the river systems fed by alpine glaciers during episodic Pleistocene glaciations. As these periods of glaciation ended, rivers draining the Sierra Nevada were made even more powerful by the considerably wetter climate and abundant meltwater. Abundant sediments left from the retreating glaciers were carried downstream into the Sierra Foothills and into the Sacramento Valley. At least four pulses of glacial outwash deposition are known to have taken place during glacial episodes of the past 2 million years (Harden, 1997).

These deposits extend to depths of up to 3 miles on the western side of the Sacramento Valley and gradually thin out on the eastern side (Harwood and Helley, 1982).

As shown on Figure 3, the site was mapped as Holocene Alluvium, Holocene Basin Deposits, and the Middle Unit of the Riverbank Formation (Gutierrez, 2011 and Helley and Harwood, 1985).

The Holocene Alluvium is described as unweathered gravel, sand, and silt that are poorly to moderately sorted deposited by the Sacramento River; we did not encounter sediments of this description in our explorations. Our explorations within the Holocene Alluvium area encountered sediments indicative of Holocene Basin Deposits (Qhb), which is mapped in the eastern portion of the site. Holocene Basin deposits are described as dark gray to black, fine-grained sediments deposited by standing or slow-moving water in topographic lows. The older Pleistocene Riverbank Formation is mapped along the eastern site boundary and is described as compact alluvium consisting of gravel, sand, silt, and clay deposits. Based on our exploration, it appears the Riverbank Formation underlies the Holocene Basin Deposits.

2.4 SEISMICITY
The Northern California region contains numerous active faults. An active fault is defined by the California Geologic Survey as one that has had surface displacement within Holocene time (about the last 11,700 years) (CGS, 2018). The site is not located within a currently designated Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone and no known surface expression of active faults is believed to exist within the site. Figure 4, Regional Faulting and Seismicity, shows mapped active and historic faults and historic earthquake centers.

Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
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In Table 2.4-1, Nearby Seismic Sources, we summarize the distance to the fault rupture surface (RRUP) and the associated moment magnitude for nearby seismic sources used for the National Seismic Hazard Maps, which are incorporated into the California Building Code (CBC). We obtained the data using the USGS Unified Hazard Tool (Dynamic Conterminous U.S. 2014 (update, v4.2.0) and disaggregated the hazard at the peak ground acceleration (PGA) for 2,475-year return period, and Site Class D. These results represent fault sources contributing at least one percent to the seismic hazard at the site; gridded or areal sources are not presented.

TABLE 2.4-1: Nearby Seismic Sources (Latitude: 38.4926 Longitude: -121.3220) SOURCE

RRUP MOMENT MAGNITUDE
(km) (miles) MW
Great Valley 04a – Trout Creek [2] 43.2 26.8 7.11
Great Valley 03a Dunnigan Hills [0] 21.1 13.1 6.19
Hunting Creek – Berryessa [3] 60.2 37.4 7.49
Great Valley 06 (Midland) alt1 [0] 35.8 22.2 6.87
Source: USGS Unified Hazard Tool (USGS, n.d.)
Although the Foothill Fault System is not mapped in the USGS database, the Cleveland Hills Fault Segment near Oroville, part of the Foothill Fault System, is approximately 55 miles from the site and produced a Magnitude 5.8 earthquake in 1975. Segments of the Foothills Fault System located as close as 27 miles from the site are not considered active but could be capable of a large magnitude earthquake.

2.5 SURFACE CONDITIONS
While no topographic information was provided, we relied on data from Google Earth (Datum WGS84). Site topography generally slopes gently from the east to the west. Site grades from Google Earth range from Elevation 27 feet along the eastern border to Elevation 11 feet along the western border.

We observed the following site features during our reconnaissance. • Seasonal grasses covered the site.
• Drainage channels cross the site in north-south and east-west directions. Additional channels border the site along the southern and western borders. • Agricultural rows from former site usage in select areas of the site.

Please refer to the Site Plan, Figure 2, for more information on site features.

2.6 SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
Our explorations generally encountered surficial soil consisting of hard lean to fat clay underlain by stiff to hard fat clay. Borings 1-B5 and 1-B6 encountered poorly graded sand with clay and gravel and well graded sand with silt, respectively, below the lean clay, at depths ranging from 13 to 16 feet below ground surface. Undocumented fill was encountered at Boring 1-B5 to a depth of approximately 4 feet below ground surface. We performed plasticity index (PI) tests on select soil samples, which yielded results of 36, 41, and 55, indicating high to very high shrink/swell Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
Page | 5 May 5, 2022
potential. Additionally, we performed expansion index (EI) tests, which yielded EI results of 83 and 110, indicating moderate to high expansion potential. We did not encounter any noticeably weak or compressible soil in our exploratory borings.

Consult the Site Plan and boring logs for specific subsurface conditions at each location. We include our exploration logs in Appendix A. The logs contain the soil type, color, consistency, and visual classification in general accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System. The logs graphically depict the subsurface conditions encountered at the time of the exploration.

2.7 GROUNDWATER CONDITIONS
We observed groundwater in two of our subsurface explorations. We summarize our observations in the table below:

TABLE 2.7-1: Groundwater Observations
EXPLORATION LOCATION APPROX. DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER
(feet)
1-B5 18
1-B6 10
We also performed pore pressure dissipation tests in our CPTs to measure hydrostatic conditions and estimate the depth to groundwater. We summarize the results of the pore pressure dissipation tests in the table below.

TABLE 2.7-2: Groundwater Depths Based on Pore Pressure Dissipation Tests

EXPLORATION ID INTERPRETED DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER
(feet)
1-CPT1 5.5
1-CPT2 3.8
Fluctuations in the level of groundwater may occur due to variations in rainfall, irrigation practice, and other factors not evident at the time measurements were made.

2.8 LABORATORY TESTING
We performed laboratory tests on selected soil samples to evaluate their engineering properties.

For this project, we performed moisture content, dry density, unconfined compression, plasticity index, expansion index, and soil corrosion potential testing. Moisture contents and dry densities are recorded on the boring logs in Appendix A; other laboratory data is included in Appendix C.

2.9 PRELIMINARY LIQUEFACTION ANALYSES
Soil liquefaction results from loss of strength during cyclic loading, such as that imposed by an earthquake. Soil most susceptible to liquefaction is clean, loose, saturated, uniformly graded fine sands below the groundwater table. Empirical evidence indicates that loose silty sands as well as lean silts and some clays are also potentially liquefiable. When seismic ground shaking occurs, the soil is subjected to cyclic shear stresses that can cause excess hydrostatic pressures to develop. If excess hydrostatic pressures exceed the effective confining stress of the soil, it is said to have liquefied, and if the sand consolidates or vents to the surface during and following liquefaction, ground settlement and surface deformation may occur. In some cases, observed Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
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settlement has been amplified directly beneath a building, due to the cyclic rocking of the building foundation, as compared to the surrounding ground surface. This is referred to as the “ratcheting” effect and is thought to be caused by the interaction of the building foundation and the surrounding soil during seismic shaking.

In accordance with the 2019 California Building Code (CBC) and the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Standard for Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE 7-16), we used the mapped MCEG peak ground acceleration (PGAM) of 0.34g for evaluation of liquefaction. We used an earthquake magnitude of 6.5 and a depth to groundwater of 4½ feet to evaluate potential liquefaction. Our depth to groundwater was based on the results of the pore dissipation tests.

For our CPT-based liquefaction analysis, we calculated potential liquefaction-induced triggering and vertical settlement using the commercially available program CLiq. We utilized the method published by Robertson (2009). The analysis indicates that there is a layer from approximately 25 to 30 feet that could potentially liquefy during a design earthquake event. The Cliq calculations suggest liquefaction-induced settlements would be up to 1½ inches under a design earthquake event at the CPT locations.

Based on the findings published by Youd and Garris in 1995, sufficiently thick non-liquefiable soil that overlies liquefiable layers provide a capping effect, which has been observed to result in much less ground surface deformation than indicated by theoretical liquefaction analyses. At the CPT location where potentially liquefiable sand was encountered, overlying layers of non-liquefiable soil approximately 25 feet thick were encountered.

Based on the information presented above, it is our opinion that the non-liquefiable surface soil layer should provide significant capping effect, and the overall ground surface deformation as a result of theoretical liquefaction-induced settlement will likely be less than the estimated theoretical values. These settlement estimates are preliminary and should be further evaluated during a design-level geotechnical exploration.

3.0 PRELIMINARY CONCLUSIONS
From a geotechnical engineering viewpoint, in our opinion, the site is suitable for commercial development, provided the preliminary geotechnical recommendations in this report are properly incorporated into future development planning. Based on our preliminary exploration, the primary geotechnical concern that could affect development on the site is expansive soil. We summarize this and other conclusions below.

3.1 EXPANSIVE SOIL
We observed expansive clay in our borings. Our laboratory testing indicates that this soil exhibits high to very high shrink/swell potential with variations in moisture content. Expansive soil changes in volume with changes in moisture. It can shrink or swell and cause heaving and cracking of slabs-on-grade, pavements, and structures founded on shallow foundations. Damage due to volume changes associated with expansive soil can be reduced by capping the expansive soil with a blanket of low-expansive soil, using a rigid mat foundation that is designed to resist the settlement and heave of expansive soil, or by deepening footings to below the zone of significant moisture fluctuation.

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To reduce the potential for damage to the planned building, we recommend that the upper 2 feet of building pads extending at least 10 feet laterally beyond building areas be underlain by low-expansive fill. Due to the relatively flat nature of the site, selective grading to mitigate expansive soil will not be a practical alternative and imported fill is recommended. In lieu of importing low-expansive fill, lime treatment may be considered. We recommend that other structural elements, such as pavements and flatwork, be designed for highly expansive soil conditions.

Successful performance of structures on expansive soil requires special attention during construction. It is imperative that exposed soil be kept moist prior to placement of concrete for foundation construction. It can be difficult to remoisturize clayey soil without excavation, moisture conditioning, and recompaction.

We also provide preliminary grading recommendations for compaction of expansive clay soil. The purpose of these recommendations is to reduce the swell potential of the clay by compacting the soil at a higher moisture content and controlling the amount of compaction.

3.2 EXISTING FILL
Our borings encountered undocumented fill at Boing 1-B5 to a depth of approximately 4 feet below ground surface. Non-engineered fill can undergo excessive settlement, especially under new fill or building loads. We recommend complete removal and recompaction of existing fill. We present fill removal recommendations in Section 4.2.

3.3 SEISMIC HAZARDS
Potential seismic hazards resulting from a nearby moderate to major earthquake can generally be classified as primary and secondary. The primary effect is ground rupture, also called surface faulting. Common secondary seismic hazards include ground shaking and liquefaction. These hazards are discussed below as they apply to the site. Based on topographic and lithologic data, the risk of regional subsidence or uplift, lateral spreading, landslides, tsunamis, or seiches is considered low to negligible at the site.

3.3.1 Ground Rupture
Since there are no known active faults crossing the property and the site is not located within an Earthquake Fault Special Study Zone, it is our opinion that ground rupture is unlikely at the subject property.

3.3.2 Ground Shaking
To mitigate the shaking effects, structures should be designed using sound engineering judgment and the 2019 California Building Code (CBC) requirements, as a minimum. Seismic design provisions of current building codes generally prescribe minimum lateral forces, applied statically to the structure, combined with the gravity forces of dead and live loads. The code-prescribed lateral forces are generally considered to be substantially smaller than the comparable forces that would be associated with a major earthquake. Therefore, structures should be able to: (1) resist minor earthquakes without damage, (2) resist moderate earthquakes without structural damage but with some nonstructural damage, and (3) resist major earthquakes without collapse but with some structural as well as nonstructural damage. Conformance to the current building code recommendations does not constitute any kind of guarantee that significant structural damage Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
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would not occur in the event of a maximum magnitude earthquake; however, it is reasonable to expect that a well-designed and well-constructed structure will not collapse or cause loss of life in a major earthquake (SEAOC, 1996).

3.3.3 Liquefaction
Soil liquefaction results from loss of strength during cyclic loading, such as imposed by earthquakes. Soil most susceptible to liquefaction is clean, loose, saturated, uniformly graded, fine-grained sand. Liquefiable soil was identified at 1-CPT1 at a depth of 25 to 30 feet below ground surface, and a predicted liquefaction-induced vertical settlement of up to 1½ inches was calculated. However, there is a sufficiently thick non-liquefiable “capping” layer above the liquefiable soil as to prevent significant vertical settlement at the site. Based on our engineering judgement, we determined that while liquefaction of the select subsurface soil layers is possible at the site, the overall ground surface deformation, as a result of theoretical liquefaction-induced settlement, will likely be less than the estimated theoretical values.

Further liquefaction analysis should be performed as part of the design-level study.

3.3.4 Flooding
According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Maps for Sacramento County (Maps No. 06067C0040J and 06067C0045J) dated June 16, 2015, the site is mapped in Zone A, which is identified as a special flood hazard area without base flood elevation. According to FEMA, this designation means that the site is lower than the Base Flood Elevation. The civil engineer should review pertinent information relating to possible flood levels for the subject site based on final pad elevations and provide appropriate design measures for development of the project, if recommended.

3.4 SOIL CORROSION POTENTIAL
We obtained two representative soil samples and submitted them to an analytical lab for determination of pH, resistivity, sulfate, and chloride. The results are included in Appendix C and summarized in Table 3.4-1.

TABLE 3.4-1: Corrosivity Test Results
SAMPLE
LOCATION DEPTH PH RESISTIVITY (ohms-cm)

CHLORIDE
(ppm)

SULFATE
(ppm)
1-B1 3.5 7.76 1,260 15.2 84.3
1-B6 3.5 7.51 1,020 10.5 37.0
The sulfate results of up to 84.3 ppm correspond to 0.00843% by weight sulfate. In accordance with ACI 318-14, Section 19.3.1 for concrete durability requirements, the results are classified as Exposure Class S0 since they are below 0.1% by weight. The 2019 CBC and ACI 318 do not specify cement type and water-cement ratio for Exposure Class S0. We defer to the structural engineer for concrete specifications.

Soil with a resistivity between 1,000 to 3,000 ohms-cm is considered highly corrosive to buried metal piping (Roberge, 2006). Based on the resistivity measurements the soil is considered highly corrosive to buried metal piping. Values tested for chloride do not appear to pose a significant impact to metals or concrete.

Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
Page | 9 May 5, 2022
If desired to investigate this further, we recommend a corrosion consultant be retained to evaluate if specific corrosion recommendations are advised for the project.

3.5 2019 CBC SEISMIC DESIGN PARAMETERS
The 2019 CBC utilizes seismic design criteria established in the ASCE/SEI Standard “Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures,” (ASCE 7-16). Based on the subsurface conditions encountered, we characterized the site as Site Class D.

ASCE 7-16 requires a site-specific ground-motion hazard analysis for Site Class D sites with a mapped S1 value greater than or equal to 0.2; however, Section 11.4.8 of ASCE 7-16 and Supplement No. 3 provide an exception to this requirement. A site-specific ground-motion hazard analysis is not required where the value of the parameter SM1 determined by Equation 11.4-2 and shown in Table 1 is increased by 50 percent for developing the mapped Risk-Targeted Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCER) spectral response, calculating SD1, and evaluating Cs in accordance with Chapter 12 of ASCE 7-16.

In Table 3.5-1 below, we provide the CBC seismic parameters based on the United States Geological Survey’s (USGS) Seismic Design Maps for your use. When using this table, considerations should be given to exceptions in Section 11.4.8 of ASCE 7-16, as described in this report.

TABLE 3.5-1: 2019 CBC Seismic Design Parameters, Latitude: 38.6670° Longitude: -121.5642°

PARAMETER VALUE
Site Class D
Mapped MCER Spectral Response Acceleration at Short Periods, SS (g) 0.602 Mapped MCER Spectral Response Acceleration at 1-second Period, S1 (g) 0.262 Site Coefficient, Fa 1.318
Site Coefficient, Fv Null*
MCER Spectral Response Acceleration at Short Periods, SMS (g) 0.794 MCER Spectral Response Acceleration at 1-second Period, SM1 (g) Null* Design Spectral Response Acceleration at Short Periods, SDS (g) 0.529 Design Spectral Response Acceleration at 1-second Period, SD1 (g) Null* Mapped MCE Geometric Mean (MCEG) Peak Ground Acceleration, PGA (g) 0.253 Site Coefficient, FPGA 1.347
MCEG Peak Ground Acceleration adjusted for Site Class effects, PGAM (g) 0.341 Long period transition-period, TL (sec) 12
*The parameters above should only be used for calculation of Ts, determination of Seismic Design Category, and, when taking the exceptions under Items 1 and 2 of ASCE 7-16 Section 11.4.8. (Supplement Number 3 https://ascelibrary.org/doi/epdf/10.1061/9780784414248.sup3).

We recommend that we collaborate with the structural engineer of record to further evaluate the effects of taking the exception on the structural design and identify the need for performing a site-specific ground-motion hazard analysis. We can prepare a proposal for a site-specific ground-motion hazard analysis, if requested.

Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
Page | 10 May 5, 2022

4.0 PRELIMINARY EARTHWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
The preliminary recommendations included in this report should be utilized for project planning purposes and are intended for the areas of the site that will be developed with structural improvements. These areas include, but are not limited to building pads, sidewalks, pavement areas, and retaining walls. Prior to development, we should be retained to provide a design-level geotechnical report for the development.

4.1 EXPANSIVE SOIL MITIGATION
As previously mentioned, potentially expansive clay was encountered in our explorations. To reduce the risk of structural damage associated with the highly expansive soil conditions, we recommend constructing the upper 2 feet of building pads with low-expansive fill. As an alternative to importing low-expansive fill for the building pads, lime treatment may also be considered.

Low-expansive soil is defined as having a plasticity index less than 12.

4.2 EXISTING FILL REMOVAL
On a preliminary basis, the undocumented fill should be removed to competent native soil, as evaluated by ENGEO. Figure 2 displays the approximate lateral extent of the previously mentioned undocumented fill at the site. The lateral extent and depth of fill is expected to vary and should be further evaluated during a design-level report.

4.3 GENERAL SITE CLEARING
Areas to be developed should be cleared of surface and subsurface deleterious materials, including existing building foundations, slabs, buried utility and irrigation lines, water and irrigation wells, pavements, debris, and designated trees, shrubs, and associated roots. Clean and backfill excavations extending below the planned finished site grades with suitable material compacted to the recommendations presented in Section 4.6. ENGEO should be retained to observe and test backfilling.

Following clearing, the site should be stripped to remove surface organic materials. Strip organics from the ground surface to a depth of at least 2 to 3 inches below the surface. Remove stripping’s from the site or, if considered suitable by the landscape architect and owner, use them in landscape fill.

4.4 ACCEPTABLE FILL
On-site soil is suitable as fill material provided it is processed to remove concentrations of organic material, debris, deleterious material, and particles greater than 6 inches in maximum dimension.

Imported fill materials should meet the above requirements and have a plasticity index less than

12. Allow ENGEO to sample and test proposed imported fill materials at least 5 days prior to delivery to the site.

Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
Page | 11 May 5, 2022

4.5 OVER-OPTIMUM SOIL MOISTURE CONDITIONS
The contractor should anticipate encountering excessively over-optimum (wet) soil moisture conditions during winter or spring grading, during or following periods of rain, or within swale areas. Wet soil can make proper compaction difficult or impossible. Wet soil conditions can be mitigated by:

1. Frequent spreading and mixing during warm dry weather,

2. Mixing with drier materials,

3. Mixing with a lime, lime-flyash, or cement product, or

4. Stabilizing with aggregate or geotextile stabilization fabric, or both.

Options 3 and 4 should be evaluated by ENGEO prior to implementation.

4.6 FILL COMPACTION
We recommend removal of existing fill, stripping of organics, scarification, moisture conditioning, and compaction of the soil prior to fill placement, following cutting operations, and in areas left at grade. Areas to receive fill should be scarified to a depth of 8 inches, moisture conditioned, and recompacted to provide adequate bonding with the initial lift of fill. Fill should be placed with a loose lift thickness no greater than 8 inches. The following compaction recommendations should be used for the placement and compaction of fill.

TABLE 4.6-1: Compaction and Moisture Content Requirements

DESCRIPTION SOIL CHARACTERISTICS

RECOMMENDED

RELATIVE

COMPACTION
(%)

MINIMUM

MOISTURE CONTENT
(percentage points
above optimum)
Grading in Structural
Areas
Expansive (PI>12) 87 to 92 3
Low-expansive soil (PI<12) 90 1
Relative compaction refers to in-place dry density of the fill material expressed as a percentage of the maximum dry density as determined by ASTM D-1557. Optimum moisture is the moisture content corresponding to the maximum dry density. We recommend that the expansive soil be compacted at higher than optimum moisture contents as shown above to reduce potential swell.

Compact the upper 6 inches of expansive soil in pavement subgrade areas to at least 90 percent relative compaction at a moisture content at least 3 percentage points over optimum; compact low-expansive soil to at least 95 percent relative compaction at a moisture content at least 1 percentage point over optimum. Compact pavement Caltrans Class 2 aggregate base section to at least 95 percent relative compaction (ASTM D1557). Moisture condition aggregate base to or slightly above the optimum moisture content prior to compaction. Landscape fill can generally be compacted to a minimum of 85 percent relative compaction.

Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
Page | 12 May 5, 2022

5.0 PRELIMINARY FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATIONS
We anticipate that one- to two-story commercial buildings can be supported on conventional footings and slab-on-grade systems over a building pad that has been mitigated for the highly expansive soil conditions (see Section 4.1). On a preliminary basis, shallow footings would need to be at least 1 foot wide and at least 2 feet deep. Footings may be designed for a maximum allowable bearing pressure of 4,000 pounds per square foot (psf) for dead-plus-live loads. This value can be increased by one-third for the short-term effects of wind or seismic loading.

While structural loads and column spacings are not yet known, we anticipate that total and differential settlements of the above-described foundations will be tolerable for the intended structures. Foundation settlements should be evaluated as part of the design level study.

Typical interior concrete slabs-on-grade are generally a minimum 5 inches thick and reinforced with No. 3 rebar on 18-inch centers each way within the middle third of the slab; thicker slabs-on-grade may be needed for industrial applications involving forklifts, rack, or equipment loading. The structural engineer would be involved in the final design thickness and additional reinforcement, as needed, for the intended structural loads and uses. When water vapor migrating through the slab-on-grade would be undesirable, interior concrete slabs-on-grade floors would likely be constructed over a moisture reduction system that utilizes a Class A vapor retarder membrane (ASTM E1745, latest edition) underlain by 4 inches of clean crushed rock.

6.0 PRELIMINARY RETAINING WALL RECOMMENDATIONS
Retaining walls should be designed to resist lateral earth pressures from adjoining natural material and/or backfill and from any surcharge loads. On a preliminary basis and provided that adequate drainage is included, design retaining walls to resist the equivalent fluid pressures summarized in Table 6.0-1.

TABLE 6.0-1: Recommended Lateral Soil Pressures

WALL CONDITION EQUIVALENT FLUID PRESSURE
(pounds per cubic foot, pcf)
Restrained Wall – Level Backfill 60
Unrestrained Wall – Level Backfill 45
Design restrained walls to resist an additional uniform pressure equivalent to one-half of any surcharge loads applied at the surface. Design unrestrained retaining walls to resist an additional uniform pressure equivalent to one-third of any surcharge loads applied at the surface.

The above lateral earth pressures assume sufficient drainage behind the walls to prevent any build-up of hydrostatic pressures from surface water infiltration and/or a rise in the groundwater level. If adequate drainage is not provided, we recommend that an additional equivalent fluid pressure of 40 pcf be added to the values recommended above for both restrained and unrestrained walls. Typical drainage systems include a 12-inch-thick layer of drainrock placed directly behind the wall with a perforated pipe at the bottom.

Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
Page | 13 May 5, 2022

7.0 PRELIMINARY PAVEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS

7.1 FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS
Due to the highly expansive clay that was encountered near the ground surface of our borings, it is our opinion that an R value of 5 is applicable for preliminary design. Using estimated traffic indices for various pavement-loading requirements, we developed the following recommended pavement sections using Topic 633 of the Caltrans Highway Design Manual (including the asphalt factor of safety), presented in the table below.

As an alternative, the pavement subgrade may be lime treated to increase the subgrade R-Value to a minimum of 40 and reduce the overall pavement section.

TABLE 7.1-1: Recommended Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete Pavement Sections

TRAFFIC
INDEX

HOT MIX ASPHALT CONCRETE
(inches)
CLASS 2 AB (inches)

NATIVE SUBGRADE LIME-TREATED SUBGRADE
5 3 10 4
6 3½ 13 6
7 4 16 7
8 5 18 9
9 5½ 21 10
10 6½ 23 12
The civil engineer should determine the appropriate traffic indices based on the estimated traffic loads and frequencies. Aggregate base (AB) should meet the requirements for ¾-inch maximum Class 2 AB in accordance with Section 26-1.02B of the latest Caltrans Standard Specifications.

Compact pavement Class 2 AB to at least 95 percent relative compaction (ASTM D1557).

Moisture condition AB to or slightly above the optimum moisture content prior to compaction.

The design-level report should include R-value testing to verify the appropriate design R-value.

7.2 RIGID PAVEMENTS
Rigid pavements are commonly used to resist heavy loads and turning forces in areas such as fire lanes, trash enclosures, and loading docks. Final design of rigid pavement sections, and accompanying reinforcement, should be performed based on estimated traffic loads and frequencies. On a preliminary basis, we recommend the following minimum design sections for rigid pavements.
• Use a minimum section of 6 inches of Portland Cement concrete over 8 inches of Caltrans Class 2 aggregate base.
• Concrete pavement should have a minimum 28-day compressive strength of 3,500 psi. • Provide minimum control joint spacing in accordance with Portland Cement Association Guidelines.

Aggregate base should meet the requirements stated in Section 6.1.

Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
Page | 14 May 5, 2022

8.0 PRELIMINARY EXTERIOR FLATWORK RECOMMENDATIONS
Exterior flatwork includes items such as concrete sidewalks, steps, and outdoor courtyards exposed to foot traffic only. Because of the highly expansive soil conditions at the site, thicker than normal concrete and aggregate base sections will be necessary to provide adequate long-term performance of exterior flatwork. For preliminary consideration, a section of 6 inches of concrete over 4 inches of aggregate base may be considered. Alternatively, subgrade soil for exterior flatwork can be lime-treated at least 18 inches deep to reduce the expansion potential and allow conventional flatwork construction. Flatwork edges can also be thickened so they extend to the subgrade soil to help control moisture variations in the subgrade. Lastly, flatwork can be reinforced with wire mesh or rebar within the middle third of the slab to help control the width and offset of cracks. Control and construction joints should be constructed in accordance with current Portland Cement Association Guidelines.

9.0 DESIGN-LEVEL GEOTECHNICAL REPORT
This report presents findings, conclusions, and preliminary geotechnical recommendations intended for planning purposes only. Design-level geotechnical explorations should be performed when development plans are finalized. We anticipate the design-level geotechnical report will include:
• Additional field exploration and laboratory testing to support design-level recommendations, as needed.
• Design-level analyses related to geologic and geotechnical hazards. • Seismic-hazard analyses based on the current building code, including a detailed liquefaction analysis.
• Design-level earthwork, foundations, and retaining wall recommendations.

10.0 LIMITATIONS AND UNIFORMITY OF CONDITIONS
This report presents preliminary geotechnical recommendations for project planning purposes of the improvements discussed in Section 1.3 for the Airport South Industrial Park project. If changes occur in the nature of the project, we should be allowed to review this report and provide additional recommendations, if any. It is the responsibility of the owner to transmit the information and recommendations of this report to the appropriate organizations or people involved in design of the project, including but not limited to developers, owners, buyers, architects, engineers, and designers. The conclusions and recommendations contained in this report are solely professional opinions and are valid for a period of no more than 2 years from the date of report issuance.

We strived to perform our professional services in accordance with generally accepted principles and practices currently employed in the area; there is no warranty, express or implied. There are risks of earth movement and property damages inherent in building on or with earth materials.

We are unable to eliminate all risks; therefore, we are unable to guarantee or warrant the results of our services.

Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
Page | 15 May 5, 2022
This report is based upon field and other conditions discovered at the time of report preparation.

We developed this report with limited subsurface exploration data. We assumed that our subsurface exploration data are representative of the actual subsurface conditions across the site. Considering possible underground variability of soil and groundwater, additional costs may be required to complete the project. We recommend that the owner establish a contingency fund to cover such costs. If unexpected conditions are encountered, ENGEO must be notified immediately to review these conditions and provide additional and/or modified recommendations, as necessary.

Our services did not include excavation sloping or shoring, soil volume change factors, flood potential, or a geohazard exploration. In addition, our geotechnical exploration did not include work to determine the existence of possible hazardous materials. If any hazardous materials are encountered during construction, the proper regulatory officials must be notified immediately.

This document must not be subject to unauthorized reuse, that is, reusing without written authorization of ENGEO. Such authorization is essential because it requires ENGEO to evaluate the document’s applicability given new circumstances, not the least of which is passage of time.

Actual field or other conditions will necessitate clarifications, adjustments, modifications, or other changes to ENGEO’s documents. Therefore, ENGEO must be engaged to prepare the necessary clarifications, adjustments, modifications, or other changes before construction activities commence or further activity proceeds. If ENGEO’s scope of services does not include on-site construction observation, or if other persons or entities are retained to provide such services, ENGEO cannot be held responsible for any or all claims arising from or resulting from the performance of such services by other persons or entities, and from any or all claims arising from or resulting from clarifications, adjustments, modifications, discrepancies, or other changes necessary to reflect changed field or other conditions.

We determined the lines designating the interface between layers on the exploration logs using visual observations. The transition between the materials may be abrupt or gradual. The exploration logs contain information concerning samples recovered, indications of the presence of various materials such as clay, sand, silt, rock, existing fill, etc., and observations of groundwater encountered. The field logs also contain our interpretation of the subsurface conditions between sample locations. Therefore, the logs contain both factual and interpretative information. Our recommendations are based on the contents of the final logs, which represent our interpretation of the field logs.

Raney Planning & Management, Inc. Airport South Industrial Park 19894.000.001 Preliminary Geotechnical Exploration
May 5, 2022

SELECTED REFERENCES
American Concrete Institute (ACI), 2014, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14), ACI Committee 318 Structural Building Code.

American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM). Annual Book of Standards.

California Building Code, 2019.

California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), 2014, Highway Design Manual.

California Department of Water Resources, Water Data Library. Accessed April 25, 2022, from http://wdl.water.ca.gov/waterdatalibrary/
California Geologic Society, Fault Activity Map of California. Accessed on April 25, 2022, from http://maps.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/fam/
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Flood Insurance Map, Placer County, California, Map No. 06067C040J, June 16, 2015.

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Flood Insurance Map, Placer County, California, Map No. 06067C0045J, June 16, 2015.

Gutierrez, C.I. (2011). Preliminary Geologic map of the Sacramento 30' x 60' quadrangle, California. California Geological Survey, Preliminary Geologic Maps, scale 1:100,000.

Harwood, D.S. and Helley, E.J. (1982). Preliminary structure contour map of the Sacramento Valley, California showing major Late Cenozoic structural features and depth to basement. 1:250,000. Open-File Report 82-737.

Helley, E.J., and Harwood, D.S. (1985). Geologic map of the late Cenozoic deposits of the Sacramento Valley and Northern Sierran Foothills, California [map]. 1:62,500. U.S.

Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1790.

Roberge, P.R., 2006, Corrosion Basics, An Introduction, NACE International.

Robertson, P. K. and Campanella R. G. (1988). Guidelines for Geotechnical Design Using CPT and CPTU Data. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Department of Civil Engineering, Soil Mechanics Series 120.

U.S. Geologic Survey (USGS), 2008, National Seismic Hazard Fault Database. Accessed April 25, 2022.

Youd, Leslie T., Garris, Christopher T., (1995). Liquefaction-Induced Ground-Surface Disruption.

Journal of Geotechnical Engineering.

FIGURES
FIGURE 1: Vicinity Map
FIGURE 2: Site Plan
FIGURE 3: Regional Geologic Map (Gutierrez)
FIGURE 4: Regional Faulting and Seismicity Map

APPENDIX A

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Sacramento City CouncilDecember 2, 2025

Sacramento City Council
December 2, 2025