REVISED
CITY OF SAN DIEGO
COUNCIL AGENDA
COUNCIL PRESIDENT
Joe LaCava • First District
COUNCIL PRESIDENT PRO TEM
Kent Lee • Sixth District
COUNCILMEMBERS
Jennifer Campbell • Second District
Stephen Whitburn • Third District
Henry L. Foster III • Fourth District
Marni von Wilpert • Fifth District
Raul A. Campillo • Seventh District
Vivian Moreno • Eighth District
Sean Elo-Rivera • Ninth District
Charles Modica Heather Ferbert
Independent City Attorney
Budget Analyst
Diana J. S. Fuentes
City Clerk
City Administration Building
City Council Chambers- 12th Floor
202 C Street San Diego, CA 92101
Virtual Participation: https://sandiego.gov/councilmtg
To join by telephone: Dial 1-669 254 5252 + input Webinar ID: 160 943 0466 TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 2026, AT 10:00 AM and 2:00 PM
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Click Here to Submit a Comment Click Here to View Comments
FURTHER INFORMATION ON HOW TO PARTICIPATE IN THIS
MEETING IS FOUND AT THE END OF THE AGENDA
Joining the Webinar and Offering Phone-in Testimony
Members of the public may participate in City Council meetings in person or virtually using the Zoom Webinar platform. Members of the public can offer public comment on agendized items or during Non-Agenda Public Comment by accessing the meeting online using a desktop computer, laptop, tablet, or Smartphone, or by calling into the meeting using a Smartphone, cellular phone, or land line. To raise your hand via a phone-in please press *9 and unmute when the Clerk calls on you by pressing *6. If you are participating via the webinar platform please press the raise your hand icon and the unmute button when prompted.
Please click the link to join the webinar: https://sandiego.gov/councilmtg To join by telephone: Dial 1-669 254 5252
When prompted, input Webinar ID: 160 943 0466
LATE-ARRIVING MATERIALS
Pursuant to the Brown Act, California Government Code Section 54957.5(b), late-arriving documents related to City Council meeting agenda items which are distributed to the legislative body prior to and during the Council meeting are available for public review in the Office of the City Clerk, Information Services Counter in the Lobby of the City Administration Building, 202 C Street, San Diego, CA 92101. This relates to those documents received after the agenda is publicly noticed and during the 72 hours prior to the start of the meeting. Please note: Approximately one hour prior to the start of the Council Meeting, the documents will be available just outside Council Chambers in the lobby of the 12th floor of the City Administration Building in a binder labeled “Late Arriving Materials” Late-arriving materials received during the City Council meeting are available for review by making a verbal request of City Clerk staff located in Council Chambers.
REQUESTS FOR ACCESSIBILITY MODIFICATIONS OR ACCOMMODATIONS As required by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), requests for agenda information to be made available in alternative formats, and any requests for disability-related modifications or accommodations required to facilitate meeting participation, including requests for alternatives to observing meetings and offering public comment as noted above, may be made by contacting the City Clerk at (619) 533-4000 or mailto:[email protected]. The City is committed to resolving accessibility requests swiftly in order to maximize accessibility.
Requests for translation services to offer public comment may be made by contacting the City Clerk at (619) 533-4000 or email to: [email protected] . The City is committed to addressing language translation requests swiftly in order to maximize public participation. For more information on how to participate and comment on an issue at Council meetings, click this link.
Las solicitudes de servicios de traducción para ofrecer comentarios públicos se deberán hacer poniéndose en contacto con la City Clerk al (619) 533-4000 o por correo electrónico a:[email protected]. La ciudad se compromete a responder rápidamente a las solicitudes de traducción de idiomas con el fin de maximizar la participación del público. Para obtener más información sobre cómo participar y expresar comentarios sobre un asunto en las juntas del Concejo, haga clic en este enlace.
Upang kayo ay matulungan na maisalin sa wikang Ingles ang inyong mga puna, mungkahi, o komento para sa Bayan ng San Diego, maaari pong makipag-ugnayan sa City Clerk sa telepono Tuesday, February 10, 2026
(619-533-4000) o email ([email protected]). Hangad ng Pamahalaang Bayan ng San Diego ang inyong pakikilahok sa usapang pambayan at handa itong magbigay ng agarang tulong na kinakailangan sa pagsasaling-wika ng inyong mga komento. Para sa higit pang impormasyon tungkol sa kung paano sumali at magbigay ng komento sa item sa mga pagpupulong ng Konseho, mangyaring i-click ang sumusunod na link.
Cần dịch vụ thông dịch để phát biểu ý kiến trước công chúng, xin hãy liên hệ với City Clerk (Thư Ký Thành Phố) theo số (619) 533-4000 hoặc email đến [email protected]. Thành phố cam kết sẽ giải quyết các yêu cầu thông dịch một cách nhanh chóng để gia tăng sự tham dự của công chúng. Để biết thêm thông tin về cách tham gia và đưa ra ý kiến về một mục tại các cuộc họp của Hội đồng, xin vui lòng nhấp vào liên kết dưới đây.
يمكن تقديم طلبات خدمات الترجمة لتقديم تعليقات عامة عن طريق الاتصال بكاتب المدينة على (619) 533-4000 أو mailto: [email protected] بمعالجة المدينة تلتزم طلبات الترجمة اللغوية بسرعة من أجل زيادة المشاركة العامة .لمزيد من المعلومات حول كيفية المشاركة والتعليق على أي موضوع في اجتماعات المجلس، يرجى الضغط على الرابط التالي パブリックコメントを要求するための翻訳サービス依頼は、市の書記（電話：619-533-4000ま
たはメール：mailto:[email protected]）に連絡することによって行うことができます。 市は、市民の参加を最大化するために、言語翻訳の依頼に対応することに取り組んでいます。
審議会の参加方法や議案への意見提供方法についての詳細は、以下のリンクをクリックしてく
ださい。
샌디에고 시에 의견을 보내시기 위해 번역 서비스가 필요하시면 시 서기 사무실 (619) 533-4000 또는mailto:[email protected]로연락주시기바랍니다. 시는 대중의 참여를 극대화하기 위해 언어 번역 요청을 신속하게 처리하려고 최선을 다하고 있습니다. 시의회 회의에 참여하는 것과
안건 항목에 대해 의견을 제의하는 것에 관한 자세한 정보를 원하시면 다음의 링크를 클릭하십시
오.
為了鼓勵更多市民參與 '公眾意見'， 市政府設定了快捷的中文翻譯服務。 如你有任何關於 '公開
意見' 想發表， 請致電: (619) 533-4000， 或電郵 [email protected] 我們會為你翻譯。有 关如何参加市议会会议并就项目发表意见的更多信息，请点击以下链接。
“ກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກ ກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກ City Clerk ກກກ (619) 533-4000 ກກກກກກກກກກກກກກ: [email protected]. City
ກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກ ກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກ.”
ກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກ ກກກ
ກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກ
ກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກກ
NOTICE: THE CITY COUNCIL MAY TAKE ANY ACTION WITH RESPECT TO THE ITEMS INCLUDED ON THIS AGENDA. RECOMMENDATIONS MADE BY STAFF DO NOT LIMIT ACTIONS THAT THE CITY COUNCIL MAY TAKE. MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC SHOULD NOT RELY UPON THE
RECOMMENDATIONS OF STAFF AS DETERMINATIVE OF THE ACTION THE CITY COUNCIL MAY TAKE ON A PARTICULAR MATTER.
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 2026 AT 10:00 AM
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
ROLL CALL
LAND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE
REQUEST FOR CONTINUANCE BY A COUNCILMEMBER FOR ITEMS SCHEDULED
DURING THE MORNING MEETING
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
PROCLAMATIONS/CEREMONIAL ITEMS
Click Here to Submit a
Comment
Item 30: Black History Month.
MAYOR GLORIA, COUNCIL PRESIDENT PRO TEM LEE, COUNCILMEMBER
FOSTER III, COUNCILMEMBER MORENO, AND COUNCILMEMBER ELO-RIVERA'S RECOMMENDATION:
Proclaiming February 2026 to be “Black History Month” in the City of San Diego.
Item 31: National Engineers Week.
COUNCIL PRESIDENT LACAVA'S RECOMMENDATION:
Proclaiming February 22-28, 2026, to be “National Engineers Week” in the City of San Diego.
Item 32: Year of the Horse.
COUNCIL PRESIDENT LACAVA, COUNCIL PRESIDENT PRO TEM LEE AND COUNCILMEMBER ELO-RIVERA'S RECOMMENDATION: (REV. 2/5/26) Proclaiming February 17, 2026, through February 5, 2027, to be the “Year of the Horse” in the City of San Diego.
Item 33: Sew Loka Day.
COUNCILMEMBER MORENO'S RECOMMENDATION:
Proclaiming February 13, 2026, to be “Sew Loka Day” in the City of San Diego.
Item S503: Chief Charles Macfarland Day. (Added 2/5/26) COUNCILMEMBER VON WILPERT'S RECOMMENDATION:
Proclaiming February 13, 2026, to be “Chief Charles Macfarland Day” in the City of San Diego. (Rev. 2/5/26)
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
CONSENT ITEMS
The Consent items listed are considered to be routine, and the environmental documents have been considered.
APPROVAL AGENDA
Item 10: Approval of Council Minutes.
Proposed Actions:
Subitem-A: Approval of Council Minutes for December 01, 2025 Adj.
Subitem-B: Approval of Council Minutes for December 02, 2025 Adj.
Subitem-C: Approval of Council Minutes for December 08, 2025.
Subitem-D: Approval of Council Minutes for December 09, 2025.
APPROVAL OF COUNCIL MINUTES
Click Here to Submit a
Comment
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
ADOPTION AGENDA
Click Here to Submit a
Comment
Item 50: Pure Water Program – First Amendment to the Agreement with PMWeb, Inc. to Provide Web-Based Project Control System for Pure Water Program Phase 1 – Sole Source Agreement #4265.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
This action will authorize the expenditure of an amount not-to-exceed $684,000 in total, over three (3) years, of which $259,920 is estimated to be from the Metro Sewer Utility Fund, and $424,080 is estimated to be from the Water Utility Operations Fund.
Council District(s) Affected: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7.
Proposed Actions:
(O-2026-78)
Introduction of an Ordinance authorizing the Mayor, or designee, to execute the First Amendment to the Contract with PMWeb, Inc., extending the Contract for an additional three years and increasing the not-to-exceed amount by $684,000 in connection with the Pure Water Phase 1 Program software system for construction management support services.
6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Environment Committee meeting on January 22, 2026.
ACTION: Motion by Committee Member LaCava, second by Vice Chair Campbell, to recommend Council approval of staff’s proposed actions.
VOTE: 3-0; Elo-Rivera-yea, Campbell yea, LaCava-yea.
Engineering & Capital Projects: Elif Cetin, (619) 533-3794 City Attorney Contact: Elizabeth Cason
Item 51: Pure Water Phase 1 Consolidated Action – Contractor Contract Time Extensions.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
These actions have no cost impacts as they are requesting authority for time extension only.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
CONSENT, ORDINANCES TO BE INTRODUCED:
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Proposed Actions:
Subitem-A: (O-2026-84)
Introduction of an Ordinance authorizing the Mayor, or designee, to extend the obligations of Construction Contract K-21-1848-DBB-3 with OHLA USA, Inc. for an additional twelve months in connection with the Pure Water Phase 1 Morena Conveyance North Project.
Subitem-A: 6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Subitem-B: (O-2026-80)
Introduction of an Ordinance authorizing the Mayor, or designee, to extend the obligations of Construction Contract K-21-1744-DBB-3-A with W.A. Rasic Construction, Inc. for an additional thirty-two months in connection with the Pure Water Phase 1 North City Pure Water Pipeline and Subaqueous Pipeline Project.
Subitem-B: 6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Subitem-C: (O-2026-79)
Introduction of an Ordinance authorizing the Mayor, or designee, to extend the obligations of Construction Contract K-21-1867-DBB-3 with PCL Construction, Inc. for an additional twenty-nine months in connection with the Pure Water Phase 1 Metropolitan Biosolids Center Improvements Project.
Subitem-C: 6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Environment Committee meeting on January 22, 2026.
ACTION: Motion by Committee Member LaCava, second by Vice Chair Campbell, to recommend Council approval of staff’s proposed actions.
VOTE: 3-0; Elo-Rivera-yea, Campbell-yea, LaCava-yea.
Engineering & Capital Projects: Elif Cetin, (619) 533-3794 City Attorney Contact: Elizabeth Cason
Item 52: Pure Water Program – Amendment No. 3 to the Agreement with Parsons-Black & Veatch Joint Venture for As-Needed Construction Manager - Treatment Plant and Facilities Projects - Contract Number H176935.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
This action with authorize the expenditure of an amount not-to-exceed $5,600,000.00 in total from the following two Water Funds: Water Utility Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Operating, Water Utility CIP; and the following two Sewer Funds: Metro Sewer Utility, Metro Sewer CIP, increasing the total amount of the agreement to $115,600,000.00 and extending the contract two years and five months, increasing the contract duration to ten years and five months ending August 31, 2028
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
(O-2026-76)
Introduction of an Ordinance authorizing the Mayor, or designee, to execute Amendment No. 3 to the Contract with Parsons-Black & Veatch, extending the contract for an additional three years and increasing the not-to-exceed amount by $5,600,000 for the Pure Water Phase 1 As-Needed Construction Manager, Treatment Plant and Facilities Projects.
6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Environment Committee meeting on January 22, 2026.
ACTION: Motion by Committee Member LaCava, second by Vice Chair Campbell, to recommend Council approval of staff’s proposed actions.
VOTE: 3-0; Elo-Rivera-yea, Campbell-yea, LaCava-yea.
Engineering & Capital Projects: Akram Bassyouni, (619) 533-3616 City Attorney Contact: Elizabeth Cason
Item 53: Pure Water Program – Amendment No. 4 to the Agreement with Jacobs-CH2M Hill Engineers, Inc. for As-Needed Construction Management Services – Conveyance Projects - Contract Number H176955.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
This action will authorize the expenditure of an amount not-to-exceed $4,000,000.00 in total from the following two Water Funds: Water Utility Operating, Water Utility CIP; and the following two Sewer Funds: Metro Sewer Utility, Metro Sewer CIP, thus increasing the total amount of the agreement to $89,000,000.00 and for a contract extension of two years and five months, increasing the contract duration to 10 years and eight months.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
(O-2026-77)
Introduction of an Ordinance authorizing the Mayor, or designee, to execute the Fourth Amendment to the Contract with Jacobs-CH2M Hill Engineers, Inc.
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
extending the Contract an additional two years and five months and increasing the not-to exceed amount by $4,000,000 in connection with the Pure Water Phase 1 As-Needed Construction Management Services, Conveyance Projects. 6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Environment Committee meeting on January 22, 2026.
ACTION: Motion by Committee Member LaCava, second by Vice Chair Campbell, to recommend Council approval of staff’s proposed actions.
VOTE: 3-0; Elo-Rivera-yea, Campbell-yea, LaCava-yea.
Engineering & Capital Projects: Akram Bassyouni, (619) 533-3616 City Attorney Contact: Elizabeth Cason
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Item 54: Authorize the Third Amendment to Sole Source Agreement (Contract H186994) with Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. to provide Technical Consultant Services for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES).
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
This amendment increases the not-to-exceed amount of the original as-needed agreement by $492,350 to a total of $1,217,330 and extends the Agreement term by three years (for a total of five years) which expires in February 2029.
Expenditure of funds for as needed services will come from Metro Sewer Utility.
Council District(s) Affected: 1, 2, 6, 8.
Proposed Actions:
(O-2026-89)
Introduction of an Ordinance authorizing the Mayor, or his designee, to execute the Third Amendment to the Agreement with Geosyntec Consultants, Inc, in a total amount not-to-exceed $1,217,330, extending the Agreement through February 14, 2029, in connection with technical consultant services for the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Industrial General Permit. 6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Environment Committee meeting on January 22, 2026.
ACTION: Motion by Vice Chair Campbell, second by Committee Member LaCava, to recommend Council approval of staff’s proposed actions.
VOTE: 3-0; Elo-Rivera-yea, Campbell-yea, LaCava-yea.
Public Utilities: Tim Carroll, (661) 406-6675
City Attorney Contact: Michael D. Johnston
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
ADOPTION AGENDA
Click Here to Submit a
Comment
Item 55: First Amendment to a Contract From an Invitation to Bid Between the City of San Diego and Ace Parking III, LLC, a Delaware Limited Liability Company.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
A total amount not-to-exceed $260,220 over the term of the First Amendment, from Concourse/Park Garage Operating Fund. Funds for Fiscal Year 2026- $86, 740, were included in the FY26 External Contracts approved budget, there is no additional financial impact to the Fiscal Year 2026 budget.
Council District(s) Affected: 3.
Proposed Actions:
Adopt the following Ordinance which was introduced on 1/26/2026, Item S401, Subitem-B, (Council voted 8-0, Councilmember Campillo-not present) (O-2026-73)
Ordinance approving the First Amendment to the Contract Resulting from Invitation to Bid for Evan Jones Parkade Management Services with Ace Parking, III, LLC.
6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Land Use and Housing Committee meeting on January 14, 2026.
ACTION: Motion by Committee Member Whitburn, second by Chair Lee, to move item to full Council without recommendation.
VOTE: 2-1; Lee-yea, Whitburn-yea, Moreno-nay, Elo-Rivera-not present.
Economic Development: Christina Bibler, (619) 236-6421
City Attorney Contact: Julie Gough Inman
Item 56: Authorization to Extend the Current Sole Source Agreement with Hyland Software, Inc. for Two (2) One (1) Year Options.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
This Sole Source medication will increase the total NTE by $391,908.23 , increasing the NTE of the agreement to $1,456,572.23 from the Department of CONSENT, ORDINANCES TO BE ADOPTED:
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Information Technology’s Non-Discretionary Application Development & Maintenance (ADM) budget.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
Adopt the following Ordinance which was introduced on 1/27/2026, Item 50, (Council voted 8-0, Councilmember Campillo-not present) (O-2026-75 Cor. Copy)
Ordinance authorizing the Mayor, or his designee, to execute Amendment No. 2 to the Contract with Hyland Software, Inc., extending the Contract through May 2028 in connection with OnBase workflow, agenda preparation and document retention software services.
6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Budget and Government Efficiency Committee meeting on January 4, 2026.
ACTION: Motion by Vice Chair Foster III, second by Council President Pro Tem Lee, to recommend Council approval of staff’s proposed actions.
VOTE: 3-0; Foster III-yea, Lee-yea, Moreno-yea, Elo-Rivera-not present.
Docket Office: Meghan Cannis, (760) 650-6307
City Attorney Contact: Mark Imada
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Item 57: PRJ-1059329 - 3823 Ingraham Street (Ava Pacific Beach) Project.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
No City expenditures are being approved with this action. All costs associated with processing of this project are paid through a deposit account by the applicant.
Council District(s) Affected: 1.
Proposed Actions:
Adopt the following Ordinance which was introduced on 1/27/2026, Item 332, Subitem-C, (Council voted 8-0, Councilmember Campillo-not present) (O-2026-71)
Ordinance approving a rezone changing 12.96 acres located at 3823, 3863, and 3913 Ingraham Street and 3952 Jewell Street, within the Pacific Beach Community Plan Area, in the City of San Diego, California, from RM-3-7 (Residential – Multiple Unit) to RM-3-8 for the AVA Pacific Beach project.
This item is not subject to the Mayor's veto.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Development Services: Sara Osborn, (619) 446-5381
City Attorney Contact: Justin Bargar
Item 58: Authorization for Energy Savings Performance Contract with Willdan Energy Solutions and Related Financing Agreement with Webster Bank.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
Project cost is $111,778,000 and will be funded via a 25-year Equipment Lease Purchase Agreement. Avoided energy costs resulting from retrofits are projected to completely offset financing payments.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
Adopt the following Ordinance which was introduced on 1/27/2026, Item 333, (Council voted 8-0, Councilmember Campillo-not present) (O-2026-72)
Ordinance approving the forms of and authorizing the execution of the Energy Savings Performance Contract with Willdan Energy Solutions and other related financing documents including an Equipment Lease Purchase Agreement and Escrow Agreement.
6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Department of General Services: Lindsey Hawes, (858) 627-3352 City Attorney Contact: William Smith
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
ADOPTION AGENDA
Click Here to Submit a
Comment
Item 60: Third Amendment to Agreement with Luth and Turley, Inc. for AsNeeded Remediation and Clean-up Services from City of San Diego Water Main Breaks and Sewer Backups Pursuant to Council Policy 400-10.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
There is no cost associated with this action.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
Subitem-A: (R-2026-302)
Resolution determining that approval of the Third Amendment to the Agreement with Luth and Turley, Inc. for as-needed remediation and clean-up services from City water main breaks and sewer backups is categorically exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act under CEQA Guidelines Section 15301.
Subitem-B: (O-2026-85)
Introduction of an Ordinance authorizing the Mayor, or his designee, to execute the Third Amendment to the Agreement with Luth and Turley, Inc., extending the Agreement through June 25, 2028, for as-needed remediation and clean-up services from City water main breaks and sewer backups.
Subitem-B: 6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Environment Committee meeting on January 22, 2026.
ACTION: Motion by Vice Chair Campbell, second by Committee Member LaCava, to recommend Council approval of staff’s proposed actions.
VOTE: 3-0; Elo-Rivera-yea, Campbell-yea, LaCava-yea.
Public Utilities: William Curcio, (619) 908-2555
City Attorney Contact: Michael D. Johnston
ADOPTION AGENDA
CONSENT, ORDINANCES TO BE INTRODUCED WITH RESOLUTIONS TO BE ADOPTED:
CONSENT, RESOLUTIONS TO BE ADOPTED:
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Click Here to Submit a
Comment
Item 100: Authorization to Execute a Contract with US Peroxide, LLC (dba USP Technologies) for a Full-Service Operations and Maintenance Management Program Providing Hydrogen Sulfide Odor Control at Public Utilities Department Wastewater Facilities (RFP 10090193-25- H).
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
The total not-to-exceed amount for this contract is $62,442,415.28 from the Metro Sewer Utility Fund.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-306)
Resolution authorizing the Mayor, or his designee, to enter into an Agreement with US Peroxide, LLC, in an amount not-to-exceed $62,442,415.28, to provide an operations and maintenance management program for hydrogen sulfide odor control at Public Utilities Department wastewater facilities.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Environment Committee meeting on January 22, 2026. (Rev 2/5/26)
ACTION: Motion by Vice Chair Campbell, second by Committee Member LaCava, to recommend Council approval of staff’s proposed actions.
VOTE: 3-0; Elo-Rivera-yea, Campbell-yea, LaCava-yea.
Public Utilities: Timothy Carroll, (858) 614-4558
City Attorney Contact: Michael D. Johnston
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Item 101: Award Three (3) As-Needed Environmental Consultant Support Services Agreements –Contracts 7 (H2526611-M) with Harris & Associates, 8 (H2526612-M) with Dudek, & 9 (H2526613-M) with Helix Environmental Planning, Inc.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
The cost of each agreement is not-to-exceed $4,000,000 per agreement, for a total of $12,000,000, over a five-year period. Each agreement will be funded by the Muni Sewer Revenue.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
Subitem-A: (R-2026-295)
Resolution approving an agreement with Harris & Associates for As-Needed Environmental Consultant Support Services in an amount not-to-exceed $4,000,000 over five years and related actions.
Subitem-B: (R-2026-298)
Resolution approving an agreement with Dudek for As-Needed Environmental Consultant Support Services in an amount not-to-exceed $4,000,000 over five years and related actions.
Subitem-C: (R-2026-299)
Resolution approving an agreement with Helix Environmental Planning, Inc. for As-Needed Environmental Consultant Support Services in an amount not-toexceed $4,000,000 over five years and related actions.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Environment Committee meeting on January 22, 2026.
ACTION: Motion by Vice Chair Campbell, second by Committee Member LaCava, to recommend Council approval of staff’s proposed actions.
VOTE: 3-0; Elo-Rivera-yea, Campbell-yea, LaCava-yea.
Public Utilities: Megan Hickey, (619) 613-0370
City Attorney Contact: Bonny Hsu
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Item 102: Amendment to North City Pure Water Facility Local Resources Program Incentive Agreement with Metropolitan Water District of Southern California.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
There is no cost associated with this item.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-292)
Resolution authorizing the Mayor, or designee, to execute the First Amendment to the Agreement for the North City Pure Water Facility Local Resources Program Incentive with the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California and the San Diego County Water Authority.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Environment Committee meeting on January 22, 2026.
ACTION: Motion by Committee Member LaCava, second by Vice Chair Campbell, to recommend Council approval of staff’s proposed actions.
VOTE: 3-0; Elo-Rivera-yea, Campbell-yea, LaCava-yea.
Public Utilities: Doug Campbell, (858) 292-6304
City Attorney Contact: Elizabeth Cason
Item 103: Updates to Council Policy 000-26, "City Funds Commission Reports".
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source: N/A Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-291)
Resolution adopting an amended version of City of San Diego Council Policy 000-26, titled "City Funds Commission Reports."
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Rules Committee meeting on October 22, 2025.
ACTION: Motion by Chair LaCava, second by Committee Member Elo-Rivera, to recommend that the Council President’s Office work with the City Attorney’s Office to draft a resolution to update Council Policy 000-26 for consideration by the City Council.
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
VOTE: 4-0; LaCava-yea, Lee-yea, Campillo-yea, Elo-Rivera-yea, Moreno-not present.
Council District 1: Abbey Reuter, (619) 236-6611
City Attorney Contact: Alma Robbins
Item 104: Resolution Approving the Agreement Between the City and San Diego Police Officers Association Regarding the Lateral and Recruitment Incentive Programs.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
The Agreement between the City of San Diego and the San Diego Police Officers Association (POA) has a total not to exceed amount of $63,000.
Funding is available in the General Fund (100000)/BA 1914. The amount is not currently budgeted, but SDPD has identified that they will absorb it in their current Fiscal Year 2026 budget. (Rev. 2/6/26)
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-286)
Resolution approving and ratifying an Agreement between the City of San Diego and the San Diego Police Officers Association related to the San Diego Police Department's Lateral Police Officer II Incentive Program and the Police Officer Recruitment Incentive Program.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Human Resources: Erik Hanson, (619) 807-6269
City Attorney Contact: Joan F. Dawson
Item 105: Settlement of Kevin Che v. City of San Diego, San Diego Superior Court No. 37-2024-00006335-CU-PA-CTL, Claim No. 35147.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
Settlement amount of $100,000.00 will be paid from Public Liability Fund.
Council District(s) Affected: 3.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-264)
Resolution authorizing the settlement of Kevin Che v. City of San Diego, San Diego Superior Court No. 37-2024-00006335-CU-PA-CTL related to a claim for personal injuries from a car accident near 2832 El Cajon Boulevard in San Diego Claim No. 35147.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Office of the City Attorney: Zachariah Hill Rowland, (619) 235-5794 Item 106: Settlement of Evan M. Holder v. City of San Diego, et al., San Diego Superior Court No. 37-2024-00019630-CU-PO-CTL, Claim No. 35747.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
Settlement amount of $65,000 will be paid from Public Liability Fund.
Council District(s) Affected: 3.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-290)
Resolution authorizing the settlement of Evan M. Holder v. City of San Diego, et al., San Diego Superior Court Case No. 37-2024-00019630-CU-PO-CTL, related to a claim of personal injuries as a result of a trip and fall accident in front of 4386 39th Street. Claim No. 35747.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Office of the City Attorney: Dave E. Abad, (619) 533-5821 Item 107: Settlement of Raul Tellez v. City of San Diego, San Diego Superior Court No. 37-2022-00024636-CU-WT-CTL, Claim No. 29868.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
Settlement amount of $350,000.00 will be paid from Water Fund.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-247)
Resolution authorizing the settlement of Raul Tellez v. City of San Diego, San Diego Superior Court Case No. 37-2022-00024636-CU-WT-CTL, related to allegations of a failure to engage in the interactive process, failure to accommodate Plaintiff’s disability, and retaliation. Claim No. 29868.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Office of the City Attorney: Lucy A. Manfre, (619) 533-5932 Item 108: Appointment to the San Diego Convention Center Corporation, Inc., Board of Directors.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
There is no City expenditure being approved with this action.
Council District(s) Affected: 7.
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-303)
Resolution confirming the Mayor's appointment of Carlos Cota to the Board of Directors of the San Diego Convention Center Corporation for a term ending December 1, 2026.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Office of Boards and Commissions: Chida Warren, (858) 298-1124 City Attorney Contact: Alma Robbins
Item 109: Reappointments to the Citizens Equal Opportunity Commission.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
There is no City expenditure being approved with this action.
Council District(s) Affected: 3, 7.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-305)
Resolution confirming the Mayor's reappointment of Joseph Anthony Bustamante and Nicole Howard to the Citizens Equal Opportunity Commission for terms ending January 1, 2028.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Office of Boards and Commissions: Chida Warren, (858) 298-1124 City Attorney Contact: Alma Robbins
Item 110: Resolution Excusing Councilmember Raul A. Campillo from Certain City Council Meetings.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source: N/A Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-279)
Resolution excusing Councilmember Campillo's absences from regularly scheduled Council and Committee meetings from January 12, 2026 to March 8, 2026, due to family leave.
This item is not subject to the Mayor's veto.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Council District 7: Vic Vettiyil, (619) 236-6749
City Attorney Contact: David J. Karlin
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Item S500: Settlement of A.M., a Minor v. San Diego Rock Church, et al., San Diego Superior Court Case No. 37-2023-00029738-CU-PO-CTL Claim No. 32154. (Added 2/5/26)
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
$10,000,000.00 from the Public Liability Fund.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-273)
Resolution authorizing the settlement of A.M., a minor v San Diego Rock Church, et al., San Diego Superior Court Case No. 37-2023-00029738-CU-POCTL, related to the alleged failure of mandatory reporters to report the alleged abuse and neglect of three minors resulting in personal injury.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Office of the City Attorney: Kelly L. McGeehan, (619) 533-5884 Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Item S501: Second Amendment to Agreement for Legal Services with Schwartz, Semerdjian, Cauley, Schena & Bush, LLP to Provide Continuing Legal Services as Panel Outside Counsel. (Added 2/5/26)
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
The proposed increase of $1,000,000 in the not-to-exceed amount, increasing the amount from $1,500,000 to $2,500,000 will be paid from the Public Liability Fund.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-287 Cor. Copy) (Rev. 2/6/26)
Resolution authorizing approval of a Second Amendment to the Agreement with the Law Firm to increase the total not-to-exceed amount from $1,500,000 to $2,500,000. The additional $1,000,000 is necessary to allow the Law Firm to continue representing the City in multiple lawsuits, including litigation involving 101 Ash Street; lawsuits arising from injuries allegedly sustained while riding rented electric scooters, which include two electric-scooter operators’ bankruptcy/insolvency proceedings; and lawsuits filed by more than 1,900 plaintiffs arising from the January 22, 2024 rain event and resulting flooding.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Office of the City Attorney: Jim McNeill, (619) 533-6370 Item S504: Appointment to the San Diego Convention Center Corporation, Inc. (Added 2/6/26)
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
There is no City expenditure being approved with this action.
Council District(s) Affected: Outside of City limits.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-310)
Resolution confirming the Mayor’s appointment of Lydia Bartell to the Board of Directors of the San Diego Convention Center Corporation for a term ending December 1, 2028.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Office of Boards and Commissions: Chida Warren, (858) 298-1124 City Attorney Contact: Alma Robbins
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
NON-AGENDA COMMUNICATIONS FROM MAYOR, COUNCIL, INDEPENDENT BUDGET
ANALYST, CITY CLERK, CITY ATTORNEY
SPECIAL ORDER OF BUSINESS
None.
ITEMS PULLED FROM CONSENT BY COUNCILMEMBERS
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
INFORMATIONAL AND ADOPTION AGENDA ITEMS (10AM SESSION)
Click Here to Submit a
Comment
Item S502: Request for an Extension of the Construction Contract # K-21-1961- DBB-3 with Burtech Pipeline Incorporated for the Construction of the Sewer and Water Group 812 Replacement Project. (Added 2/5/26) This item will be considered in the morning session which is scheduled to begin at 10:00 a.m.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
There is no cost associated with this action.
Council District(s) Affected: 1, 2.
Proposed Actions:
(O-2026-92)
Introduction of an Ordinance authorizing extension of the obligations of contract K-21-1961-DBB-3 with Burtech Pipeline Incorporated for construction of the SEWER & AC Water Group 812 project to March 10, 2027, and related actions.
6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Engineering & Capital Projects: Shadi Sami, (619) 980-0008 City Attorney Contact: Adam Wander
NON-AGENDA PUBLIC COMMENT
Click Here to Submit a
Comment
This portion of the agenda provides an opportunity for members of the public to address the Council on items of interest within the jurisdiction of the Council. (Comments relating to items on today's docket are to be taken at the time the item is heard.) Per Rule 2.7.2, Non-Agenda Public Comment is limited to two (2) minutes per speaker. Speakers may not allocate their time to other speakers. If there are eight (8) or more speakers on a single issue, the maximum time allotted for that issue will be sixteen (16) minutes. Additionally, nonagenda public comment during the 10am session may be limited to 30 minutes at the discretion of the Council President for meeting management purposes. If some Non-Agenda Public Comment is trailed, any remaining speakers will be given an opportunity to speak during the 2pm session after Council concludes the Information and Adoption agenda items for the day. 10AM DISCUSSION, ORDINANCES TO BE INTRODUCED:
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 2026, AT 2:00 PM
ROLL CALL
REQUEST FOR CONTINUANCE BY A COUNCILMEMBER FOR ITEMS TRAILED FROM
MORNING OR ITEMS SCHEDULED FOR AFTERNOON SESSION
ADOPTION AGENDA, DISCUSSION ITEMS
ADOPTION AGENDA
Click Here to Submit a
Comment
Item 330: State Revolving Fund Loan to the City of San Diego’s Sewer System for the Alvarado Trunk Sewer Phase IV Project – Package A.
This item will be considered in the afternoon session which is scheduled to begin at 2:00 p.m.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
For an estimated financing amount of $40 million, over a 30-year level debt repayment term, with an interest rate of 2.2%, the annual debt service is estimated to be approximately $1.9 million. If the estimated financing amount is $50 million, the annual debt service is estimated to be approximately $2.3 million.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
(O-2026-70)
Introduction of an Ordinance authorizing the Mayor or designee to implement a Clean Water State Revolving Fund Loan for the Alvarado Trunk Sewer Phase IV Project - Package A in an estimated amount reasonably expected not-to-exceed $50 million.
6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Budget and Government Efficiency Committee meeting on January 14, 2026.
ACTION: Motion by Council President Pro Tem Lee, second by Chair Foster III, to recommend Council approval of staff’s proposed actions.
DISCUSSION, ORDINANCES TO BE INTRODUCED:
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
VOTE: 3-0; Foster III-yea, Moreno-yea, Lee-yea, Elo-Rivera-not present.
Department of Finance: Kevin Werner, (619) 533-6121
City Attorney Contact: Bret A. Bartolotta
Item S505: Second Amendment to the As-Needed Landscape Architectural Services Agreement with Schmidt Design Group, Inc. Contract# H166714. (Added 2/6/26)
This item will be considered in the afternoon session which is scheduled to begin at 2:00 p.m.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
This second amendment increases the not-to-exceed amount of the original asneeded agreement by $300,000 to a total of $3,300,000 and extends the total duration from 108 months to 144 months. Funds will come from the Otay Mesa DIF. The Chief Financial Officer is authorized to expend an amount not-toexceed $263,221.00 from Otay Mesa DIF and $36,779 if necessary from the CIP S23008 Beyer Park Development Phase II and S-00752 Beyer Park Development
Council District(s) Affected: 8.
Proposed Actions:
(O-2026-90)
Introduction of an Ordinance authorizing the Mayor, or designee, to execute Amendment No. 2 to the As-Needed Consultant Contract with Schmidt Design Group, Inc. extending the contract for an additional three years and increasing the not-to-exceed amount to a total of $3,300,000.
6 votes required pursuant to Charter Section 99.
Committee Actions Taken: N/A
Engineering & Capital Projects: Parita Ammerlahn, (619) 533-5406 City Attorney Contact: Dana C. Fairchild
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
ADOPTION AGENDA
Click Here to Submit a
Comment
Item 331: Fiscal Year 2025 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report (ACFR).
This item will be considered in the afternoon session which is scheduled to begin at 2:00 p.m.
Total Estimated Cost of Proposed Action and Funding Source:
There are no City expenditures associated with this action.
Council District(s) Affected: Citywide.
Proposed Actions:
(R-2026-270)
Resolution receiving and filing the Fiscal Year 2025 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report of the City.
Committee Actions Taken:
This item was heard at the Audit Committee meeting on January 21, 2026.
ACTION: Motion by Chair Moreno, second by Committee Member Halpern, to a resolution to receive and file the Fiscal Year 2025 ACFR.
VOTE: 4-0; Moreno-yea, Foster III-yea, Halpern-yea, Maffia-yea, Tabshouri-not present.
Department of Finance: William Weisman, (619) 236-6397
City Attorney Contact: Bret A. Bartolotta
NON-AGENDA ITEMS
ADJOURNMENT IN HONOR OF APPROPRIATE PARTIES
ADJOURNMENT
DISCUSSION, RESOLUTIONS TO BE ADOPTED:
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
HOW TO SPEAK TO A PARTICULAR ITEM OR DURING NON-AGENDA PUBLIC COMMENT:
Members of the public shall be given the opportunity to address the Council. The Council President may reduce the amount of time available to each speaker to appropriately manage the meeting and ensure the Council has time to consider all the agenda items. A member of the public may only provide one comment per agenda item.
Pursuant to the Levine Act (Gov’t Code Section 84308), any party to a permit, license, contract (other than competitively bid, labor or personal employment contracts) or other entitlement before the Council is required to disclose on the record any contribution, including aggregated contributions, of more than $500 made by the party or the party’s agents within the preceding 12 months to any Council Member.
Participants and agents are requested to make this disclosure as well. The disclosure must include the name of the party or participant and any other person making the contribution, the name of the recipient, the amount of the contribution, and the date the contribution was made.
In-Person Comment on Agenda Items. Each speaker must file a written request (speaker slip) with the City Clerk at the meeting at which the speaker wishes to speak indicating which item they wish to speak on. Speaker slips may not be turned in prior to the day of the meeting or after completion of inperson testimony. In person testimony will conclude before virtual testimony begins.
Each person who wishes to address the Council shall approach the podium and state who they are representing if they represent an organization or another person.
For meeting management during the Proclamation, and Consent portions of the agenda, speakers will have one (1) minute per item and up to a maximum of three (3) minutes if there are three (3) or more items in that portion of the agenda.
For discussion and information items each speaker may speak up to three minutes, subject to the Council President’s determination of the time available for meeting management purposes, in addition to any time ceded by other members of the public who are present at the meeting and have submitted a speaker slip ceding them time. These speaker slips should be submitted together at one time to the City Clerk. The Council President may also limit organized group presentations to 10 minutes or less.
Virtual Public Comment on Agenda Items. Members of the public may participate virtually (by telephone or internet streaming) as indicated below. Speakers who wish to provide virtual public comment must enter the virtual queue by raising their virtual hands before the queue closes. The queue will close when the last virtual speaker finishes speaking or five minutes after in-person testimony ends, whichever happens first.
For meeting management during the Proclamation and Consent portions of the agenda, speakers will have one (1) minute per item and up to a maximum of three (3) minutes if there are three (3) or more items in that portion of the agenda.
For discussion and information items each speaker may speak up to three minutes, subject to the Council President’s determination of the time available for meeting management purposes. Speakers participating virtually may not allocate their time to other speakers and may not share video or visual aids (i.e. pdf, ppt, docs) during their comment period.
Quasi-Judicial Items. Immediately following the City's presentation on the item, the Applicant (and/or the Appellant in the case of an appeal) will be allowed up to 10 minutes for an organized presentation.
Longer than 10 minutes will only be granted if the City's presentation exceeds 10 minutes. No written request (speaker slip) need be filed with the Clerk for either the applicant or appellant for those presentations, instead please contact the City Clerk at [email protected] or 619-533-4000, before noon the Friday before the item is to be heard to ensure proper meeting management. Upon the conclusion of those presentations, the Council President will then open the item for Public Comment which will be managed by the City Clerk and the Council President as described under In-Person Comment on Agenda Items and Virtual Public Comment on Agenda Items.
Non-Agenda Public Comment. Every agenda for a regular Council meeting shall provide a period on the agenda for members of the public to address the Council on items of interest to the public that are Tuesday, February 10, 2026
not on the agenda but are within the jurisdiction of the Council. Non-Agenda Public Comment shall be subject to the exercise of the Council President’s discretion for a given agenda.
In order to ensure that the Council has time to consider all agenda items, Non-Agenda Public Comment on particular issues and for each individual speaker will be as follows:
Each speaker will be limited to two minutes. Speakers may not allocate their time to other speakers. If there are eight or more speakers on a single issue, the maximum time for the issue will be 16 minutes.
The order of speaking generally will be determined on a first-come, first-served basis, however, priority may be given to speakers who have not addressed the legislative body during Non-Agenda Public Comment at the last regularly scheduled Council meeting. A member of the public may only provide one non-agenda comment per agenda.
In-Person Non-Agenda Public Comment. Each speaker who wishes to address the Council must file a written request (speaker slip) with the City Clerk at the meeting at which the speaker wishes to speak.
Speaker slips may not be turned in prior to the meeting date or after completion of in-person testimony.
In-person testimony shall conclude before virtual testimony begins.
Each person who wishes to address the Council shall approach the podium and state who they are representing if representing an organization or another person.
Virtual Non-Agenda Public Comment. Speakers who wish to provide virtual Non-Agenda Public Comment must enter the virtual queue by raising their virtual hands before the queue closes. The queue will close when the last virtual speaker finishes speaking or five minutes after in-person testimony ends, whichever happens first. Those participating virtually may not share video or visual aids (i.e. pdf, ppt, docs) during their non-agenda comment period.
Please note: On Tuesdays, Non-Agenda Public Comment is taken during the 10am session, but some Non-Agenda Public Comment may be trailed, at the Council President’s discretion for meeting management purposes.
Comment on Agenda Items, Non-Agenda Public Comment, and Closed Session Public Comment may also be submitted using the webform indicating the comment type and item number (if relevant) for which you wish to submit your comment. Comments received by 8:00 AM the day of the meeting will be distributed to the City Council and posted online with the meeting materials. All webform comments are limited to 500 words but may include attachments. Comments received after 8:00 AM the day of the meeting but before the item is called will be submitted into the written record for the relevant item.
Audio/Visual Materials. Any audio or visual media should be submitted 24 hours before the meeting to [email protected]. Universal Serial Bus (USB) or other peripheral devices will not be accepted at any meeting.
Written Materials. Instead of submitting written materials as an attachment to the webform you may submit via U.S. Mail to the City Clerk’s attention at 202 C Street, MS2A San Diego, CA 92101. Materials submitted via U.S. Mail must be received no later than one business day prior to the meeting to be distributed to the City Council. Comments received via U.S. Mail on the day of the meeting will be submitted into the written record for the relevant item.
The public may view the meetings on public television (within the City of San Diego only) on City TV Channel 24 for Cox Communications and Spectrum or Channel 99 for AT&T U-Verse, or view the meetings online (link is external)