Pavement Management 102
Presented by
Margot Yapp, PE
NCE
What is a Pavement Management Program?
• StreetSaver® developed by MTC and used
by ALL cities and counties in Bay area
• Used by over 300 agencies in CA
• Makes cost-effective decisions
• Answers 4 main questions
1. What streets does the City own/maintain?
2. What condition are they in?
3. What repairs are needed & when?
4. How much funding is needed to maintain
or improve streets?
What Condition Are Streets In?
0 100
70 40
25 Very Poor/Failed
Poor
Very Good
Good/Fair
Condition Category
Pavement Condition Index (PCI)
Average PCI = 55
Pavement Condition Index (PCI) & How it Relates to
Treatments
At Risk
Slurry Seal
or
Microsurfacing
Rubber Cape
Seal
Mill & Overlay
or Cold in Place
Recycling
0 Reconstruction
100
70 40
25 Very Poor/Failed
Poor
Very Good
Good/Fair
Condition Category
Pavement Condition Index (PCI)
Reconstruction
FDR w/ HMA
Typical Decision Tree
PCI = 70
PCI = 50
PCI = 25
PCI = 100
PCI = 0
40% 75% 90%
Slurry Seal
$8.80/SY
Rubber cape seal $23/SY
Mill & Fill $78/SY
FDR with HMA
Overlay $99/SY
% of Pavement Life
Pavement Condition
Very Good Fair Poor Very Poor
Note that costs are
expected to increase with
new regulations for
reconstruction projects
Importance of Preventive Maintenance
Good
Fair
Poor
Failed
Pavement Condition Index
% of Pavement Life
100
75 50
25 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
$8.80
Residents
experience a
higher level of
service & City
saves money
Benefits of Preventive Maintenance
Reconstruction Is Not As Cost-Effective
Pavement Condition Index
% of Pavement Life
100
75 50
25 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
$99
Good
Fair
Poor
Failed
Waiting until the end
to reconstruct is more
expensive and
residents experience a
lower level of service
for 10+ years
Scenario 1: Existing Funding Level
$4 M/year
53 54 55 53
Scenario 2: Maintain PCI at 55
$9.6 M/year
Scenario 3: Improve PCI to 60
$13 M/year (first 5 years)
then maintain at $9M/year
Scenario 4: Improve PCI to 67
$19 M/year (first 5 years)
then maintain at $10M/year
2024 Pavement Condition 2033 (Existing Budget) 2033 (Improve to 67) Maps Tell The Whole Story
• Gas Tax
• Transportation
Development Act (TDA)
• State Transportation
Improvement Program
(STIP)
• CalRecycle
• Safe Routes to School
• Traffic Congestion Relief
Fund
• General Fund/Measure
HH
• Measure BB ($3.6M)
• Vehicle Registration
Fees ($440K)
• Parcel Tax
• Bond Measures
• Impact Fees
• Development
• Waste Vehicle
• Utility Cut
Typical Funding Sources
• Community
Development Block
Grant (CDBG)
• Surface Transportation
Program (STP)
• Bipartisan
Infrastructure
Investment and Jobs
Act (IIJA)
• Inflation Reduction Act
(IRA)
Federal State Local
What Do Other Cities Do?
• Oakland
• Measure KK (2016) - Provided $600 m in bond funding for streets, public facilities and affordable housing
• Measure U (2022) – Provides $850 m in general bonds
• Utility Cut Fee
• Orinda
• Measure L (2015) – ½ cent sales tax - $1 m/year
• Measure J (2016) - $20 m general bonds
• New Measure (20xx) - $22 m general bonds
• Moraga
• Measure K (2012) – 1 cent sales tax $1m/year
• Utility Cut Fee
• Berkeley
• Measure ?? (2024) – parcel tax to raise $144 m to $235 m over 12-14 years Summary
• MTC’s Street Saver program allows the City to perform cost benefit analysis to improve street conditions.
• Existing Funding of $4 M/year will result in:
• PCI deteriorating to 46 by 2033
• Unfunded backlog doubles
• Very small impact to roadway PCI when used for reconstruction • If regular street sealing is not performed, streets in Good or Fair condition will deteriorate to Poor and require a more expensive fix. • Alternative funding sources are needed for long term maintenance of streets to improve PCI.