Information Expires 1/1/2023
Summary Table Report
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database
188
Elev. Element Occ. Ranks Population Status Presence
Name (Scientific/Common)
CNDDB
Ranks
Listing Status
(Fed/State) Other Lists
Range
(ft.)
Total
EO's A B C D X U
Historic
> 20 yr
Recent
<= 20 yr Extant
Poss.
Extirp. Extirp.
Bombus morrisoni
Morrison bumble bee
G3
S1S2
None
None
IUCN_VU-Vulnerable 350
350
86 S:1
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
Branchinecta lynchi
vernal pool fairy shrimp
G3
S3
Threatened
None
IUCN_VU-Vulnerable 385
480
795
S:14
1 1 0 1 0 11 3 11 14 0 0
Branchinecta mesovallensis
midvalley fairy shrimp
G2
S2S3
None
None
425
470
144
S:4
0 0 0 0 0 4 0 4 4 0 0
Buteo swainsoni
Swainson's hawk
G5
S3
None
Threatened
BLM_S-Sensitive
IUCN_LC-Least
Concern
250
300
2548
S:6
0 1 1 1 0 3 4 2 6 0 0
Calicina macula
marbled harvestman
G1
S1
None
None
560
560
1 S:1
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
Calicina piedra
Piedra harvestman
G1
S1
None
None
500
500
1 S:1
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
Carex comosa
bristly sedge
G5
S2
None
None
Rare Plant Rank - 2B.1
IUCN_LC-Least
Concern
330
330
31 S:1
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
Castilleja campestris var. succulenta
succulent owl's-clover
G4?T2T3
S2S3
Threatened
Endangered
Rare Plant Rank - 1B.2 440
440
99 S:2
0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 2 0 0
Caulanthus californicus
California jewelflower
G1
S1
Endangered
Endangered
Rare Plant Rank - 1B.1
SB_CalBG/RSABG-
California/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden
SB_SBBG-Santa
Barbara Botanic
Garden
SB_UCBG-UC
Botanical Garden at
Berkeley
67 S:1
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Coccyzus americanus occidentalis
western yellow-billed cuckoo
G5T2T3
S1
Threatened
Endangered
BLM_S-Sensitive
NABCI_RWL-Red
Watch List
USFS_S-Sensitive
300
345
165
S:2
0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 1 1
Desmocerus californicus dimorphus
valley elderberry longhorn beetle
G3T2T3
S3
Threatened
None
256
400
271
S:13
1 1 1 0 0 10 10 3 13 0 0
Efferia antiochi
Antioch efferian robberfly
G1G2
S1S2
None
None
300
300
4 S:1
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
Report Printed on Friday, July 29, 2022
Information Expires 1/1/2023
Summary Table Report
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database
189
Elev. Element Occ. Ranks Population Status Presence
Name (Scientific/Common)
CNDDB
Ranks
Listing Status
(Fed/State) Other Lists
Range
(ft.)
Total
EO's A B C D X U
Historic
> 20 yr
Recent
<= 20 yr Extant
Poss.
Extirp. Extirp.
Emys marmorata
western pond turtle
G3G4
S3
None
None
BLM_S-Sensitive
CDFW_SSC-Species
of Special Concern
IUCN_VU-Vulnerable
USFS_S-Sensitive
388
500
1404
S:2
0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 2 0 0
Eryngium spinosepalum
spiny-sepaled button-celery
G2
S2
None
None
Rare Plant Rank - 1B.2
BLM_S-Sensitive
400
463
108
S:2
0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
Helianthus winteri
Winter's sunflower
G2?
S2?
None
None
Rare Plant Rank - 1B.2
BLM_S-Sensitive
400
400
55 S:1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
Imperata brevifolia
California satintail
G4
S3
None
None
Rare Plant Rank - 2B.1
SB_CalBG/RSABG-
California/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden
SB_SBBG-Santa
Barbara Botanic
Garden
USFS_S-Sensitive
300
400
32 S:3
0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 0
Lagophylla dichotoma
forked hare-leaf
G2
S2
None
None
Rare Plant Rank - 1B.1 630
1,100
7 S:3
0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3 3 0 0
Lasiurus cinereus
hoary bat
G3G4
S4
None
None
IUCN_LC-Least
Concern
WBWG_M-Medium
Priority
238
S:1
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
Lasthenia chrysantha
alkali-sink goldfields
G2
S2
None
None
Rare Plant Rank - 1B.1 55
S:1
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
Leptosiphon serrulatus
Madera leptosiphon
G3
S3
None
None
Rare Plant Rank - 1B.2
BLM_S-Sensitive
USFS_S-Sensitive
27 S:1
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
Linderiella occidentalis
California linderiella
G2G3
S2S3
None
None
IUCN_NT-Near
Threatened
400
4,621
508
S:10
0 0 0 0 0 10 3 7 10 0 0
Lytta molesta
molestan blister beetle
G2
S2
None
None
360
360
17 S:1
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0
Metapogon hurdi
Hurd's metapogon robberfly
G1G2
S1S2
None
None
325
325
3 S:1
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0
Nannopterum auritum
double-crested cormorant
G5
S4
None
None
CDFW_WL-Watch List
IUCN_LC-Least
Concern
332
332
39 S:1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
Report Printed on Friday, July 29, 2022
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California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database
190
Elev. Element Occ. Ranks Population Status Presence
Name (Scientific/Common)
CNDDB
Ranks
Listing Status
(Fed/State) Other Lists
Range
(ft.)
Total
EO's A B C D X U
Historic
> 20 yr
Recent
<= 20 yr Extant
Poss.
Extirp. Extirp.
Orcuttia inaequalis
San Joaquin Valley Orcutt grass
G1
S1
Threatened
Endangered
Rare Plant Rank - 1B.1 380
380
47 S:1
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Phrynosoma blainvillii
coast horned lizard
G3G4
S3S4
None
None
BLM_S-Sensitive
CDFW_SSC-Species
of Special Concern
IUCN_LC-Least
Concern
300
300
784
S:1
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
Pseudobahia peirsonii
San Joaquin adobe sunburst
G1
S1
Threatened
Endangered
Rare Plant Rank - 1B.1
SB_CalBG/RSABG-
California/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden
390
495
51 S:7
0 1 4 1 1 0 3 4 6 0 1
Rana boylii
foothill yellow-legged frog
G3
S3
None
Endangered
BLM_S-Sensitive
CDFW_SSC-Species
of Special Concern
IUCN_NT-Near
Threatened
USFS_S-Sensitive
400
400
2478
S:1
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
Sagittaria sanfordii
Sanford's arrowhead
G3
S3
None
None
Rare Plant Rank - 1B.2
BLM_S-Sensitive
325
417
143
S:15
0 6 6 2 0 1 2 13 15 0 0
Sidalcea keckii
Keck's checkerbloom
G2
S2
Endangered
None
Rare Plant Rank - 1B.1
SB_CalBG/RSABG-
California/Rancho
Santa Ana Botanic
Garden
800
800
50 S:1
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
Spea hammondii
western spadefoot
G2G3
S3
None
None
BLM_S-Sensitive
CDFW_SSC-Species
of Special Concern
IUCN_NT-Near
Threatened
430
861
1422
S:13
0 7 0 0 0 6 0 13 13 0 0
Taxidea taxus
American badger
G5
S3
None
None
CDFW_SSC-Species
of Special Concern
IUCN_LC-Least
Concern
250
250
594
S:1
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
Tuctoria greenei
Greene's tuctoria
G1
S1
Endangered
Rare
Rare Plant Rank - 1B.1 385
405
50 S:3
0 0 0 0 3 0 3 0 0 0 3
Vireo bellii pusillus
least Bell's vireo
G5T2
S2
Endangered
Endangered
IUCN_NT-Near
Threatened
NABCI_YWL-Yellow
Watch List
345
360
504
S:2
0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 2 0
Report Printed on Friday, July 29, 2022
Information Expires 1/1/2023
Summary Table Report
California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database
191
Elev. Element Occ. Ranks Population Status Presence
Name (Scientific/Common)
CNDDB
Ranks
Listing Status
(Fed/State) Other Lists
Range
(ft.)
Total
EO's A B C D X U
Historic
> 20 yr
Recent
<= 20 yr Extant
Poss.
Extirp. Extirp.
Vulpes macrotis mutica
San Joaquin kit fox
G4T2
S2
Endangered
Threatened
365
500
1020
S:2
0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 2 0 0
Report Printed on Friday, July 29, 2022
Information Expires 1/1/2023
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California Department of Fish and Wildlife
California Natural Diversity Database
192
Biological Resource Evaluation Colibri Ecological Consulting, LLC Sanger Water Well Project September 2022
55 Appendix C. CNPS plant list.
193
7/29/22, 12 :20 PMCNPS Rare Plant Inventory | Search Results
Search Results
CNPS Rare Plant Inventory
15 matches found. Click on scientific name for details
Search Criteria: CRPR is one of [1B:2B] , 9-Quad include [3611966:3611964:3611965:3611976:3611975:3611974:3611954:3611955:3611956] ▲ SCIENTIFIC
NAME
COMMON
NAME FAMILY LIFEFORM
BLOOMING
PERIOD
FED
LIST
STATE
LIST
GLOBAL
RANK
STATE
RANK
CA
RARE
PLANT
RANK PHOTO
Carex comosa bristly sedge Cyperaceae perennial
rhizomatous herb
May-Sep None None G5 S2 2B.1
Dean Wm.
Taylor 1997
Castilleja
campestris var.
succulenta
succulent
owl's-clover
Orobanchaceae annual herb
(hemiparasitic)
(Mar)Apr-
May
FT CE G4?
T2T3
S2S3 1B.2
No Photo
Available
Caulanthus
californicus
California
jewelflower
Brassicaceae annual herb Feb-May FE CE G1 S1 1B.1
No Photo
Available
Eryngium
spinosepalum
spiny-sepaled
button-celery
Apiaceae annual/perennial
herb
Apr-Jun None None G2 S2 1B.2
No Photo
Available
Helianthus
winteri
Winter's
sunflower
Asteraceae perennial shrub Jan-Dec None None G2? S2? 1B.2 © 2014
Chris
Winchell
Imperata
brevifolia
California
satintail
Poaceae perennial
rhizomatous herb
Sep-May None None G4 S3 2B.1
© 2020
Matt C.
Berger
Lagophylla
dichotoma
forked hare-
leaf
Asteraceae annual herb Apr-May None None G2 S2 1B.1
© 2010
Chris
194
7/29/22, 12 :20 PMCNPS Rare Plant Inventory | Search Results
Winchell
Lasthenia
chrysantha
alkali-sink
goldfields
Asteraceae annual herb Feb-Apr None None G2 S2 1B.1
© 2009
California
State
University,
Stanislaus
Leptosiphon
serrulatus
Madera
leptosiphon
Polemoniaceae annual herb Apr-May None None G3 S3 1B.2
© 2008
Chris
Winchell
Orcuttia
inaequalis
San Joaquin
Valley Orcutt
grass
Poaceae annual herb Apr-Sep FT CE G1 S1 1B.1
No Photo
Available
Pholistoma
auritum var.
arizonicum
Arizona
pholistoma
Hydrophyllaceaeannual herb Mar None None G5T4? S3 2B.3
No Photo
Available
Pseudobahia
peirsonii
San Joaquin
adobe
sunburst
Asteraceae annual herb Feb-Apr FT CE G1 S1 1B.1
No Photo
Available
Sagittaria
sanfordii
Sanford's
arrowhead
Alismataceae perennial
rhizomatous herb
(emergent)
May-
Oct(Nov)
None None G3 S3 1B.2
©2013
Debra L.
Cook
Sidalcea keckii Keck's
checkerbloom
Malvaceae annual herb Apr-
May(Jun)
FE None G2 S2 1B.1
No Photo
Available
Tuctoria
greenei
Greene's
tuctoria
Poaceae annual herb May-
Jul(Sep)
FE CR G1 S1 1B.1
©2008 F.
Gauna
Showing 1 to 15 of 15 entries
Suggested Citation:
California Native Plant Society, Rare Plant Program. 2022. Rare Plant Inventory (online edition, v9-01 1.5). Website https://www.rareplants.cnps.org [accessed 29 July 2022]. 195
7/29/22, 12 :20 PMCNPS Rare Plant Inventory | Search Results
CONTACT US
Send questions and comments
to [email protected].
ABOUT THIS WEBSITE
About the Inventory
Release Notes
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ABOUT CNPS
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CNPS Home Page
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CONTRIBUTORS
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Herbaria
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Copyright © 2010-2022 California Native Plant Society. All rights reserved. 196
Appendix B
Cultural: Phase I Survey/Class III
Inventory
197
PHASE I SURVEY/CLASS III INVENTORY,
CITY OF SANGER WELLS PROJECT,
FRESNO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
Prepared for:
Mr. Travis Crawford
Crawford & Bowen Planning, Inc.
113 N. Church Street, Suite 302
Visalia, CA 93291
Prepared by:
Peter Carey, M.A., RPA
and
Robert Azpitarte, B.A.
ASM Affiliates, Inc.
20424 West Valley Blvd., Suite A
Tehachapi, California 93561
September 2022
PN 36790.08
198
199
Table of Contents
City Of Sanger Wells Project i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter Page
MANAGEMENT SUMMARY ......................................................................................... iii
1. INTRODUCTION AND REGULATORY CONTEXT ...................................... 1
1.1 PROJECT LOCATION ................................................................................................ 1
1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND APE ........................................................................ 1
1.3 REGULATORY CONTEXT ........................................................................................ 2
1.3.1 National Historic Preservation Act ........................................................................ 2
1.3.2 California Environmental Quality Act .................................................................. 3
2. ENVIRONMENTAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND .............................. 7
2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL BACKGROUND AND GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL
SENSITIVITY .............................................................................................................. 7
2.2 ETHNOGRAPHIC BACKGROUND .......................................................................... 7
2.3 PRE-CONTACT ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND ........................................ 9
2.4 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND................................................................................ 11
2.5 RESEARCH DESIGN ................................................................................................ 13
2.5.1 Pre-Contact Archaeology .................................................................................... 13
2.5.2 Historical Archaeology: Native American .......................................................... 14
2.5.3 Historical Archaeology: Euro-American ............................................................. 16
3. ARCHIVAL RECORDS SEARCH ..................................................................... 19
4. METHODS AND RESULTS ................................................................................ 23
4.1 FIELD METHODS ..................................................................................................... 23
4.2 SURVEY RESULTS .................................................................................................. 23
5. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................... 25
5.1 Recommendations ....................................................................................................... 25 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 27 CONFIDENTIAL APPENDIX A ................................................................................... 29 Records Search and Native American Heritage Commission Outreach
200
Table of Contents
ii City Of Sanger Wells Project
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure 1. Location of APE Alternative 1, Sanger, Fresno County, California ...................... 5 Figure 2. Location of APE Alternative 2, Sanger, Fresno County, California ...................... 6 Figure 3. Alternative 1 Well APE overview ........................................................................ 24 Figure 4. Alternative 2 Well APE overview ........................................................................ 24
LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 1. Survey Reports within the 0.5-mi of the APEs ..................................................... 19 Table 2. Resources within the 0.5-mi of the APEs ............................................................. 20
201
Management Summary
City Of Sanger Wells Project iii
MANAGEMENT SUMMARY
An intensive Phase I survey/Class III cultural resources inventory was conducted for the City of Sanger Wells Project (Project), Fresno County, California. ASM Affiliates, Inc. , conducted this study, with Peter A. Carey, M.A ., RPA, serving as Principal Investigator. The study was undertaken to assist with the regulatory requirements for compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA).
The Area of P otential Effects (APE) for the Project includes all areas of ground-surface disturbance, including work, staging, laydown and construction areas. Two alternative well-site options are included in the APE. The combined horizontal APE of both is approximately 3-acres (ac) in size. The vertical APE, consisting of the maximum depth of subsurface excavation for well foundations, is 10-feet (ft).
A records search of site files and maps was completed at the Southern San Joaquin Valley Archaeological Information Center (IC), California State University, Bakersfield. A Sacred Lands File (SLF) request was also completed by the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC).
These investigations determined that neither alternative APE had been surveyed previously, and that no resources were known to exist within them. T wo historical structures, both segments of water conveyance systems, had been recorded within a 0.5-mile (mi) radius of the Alternative 1 APE; while 7 historical structures (one railroad line, two water conveyance system segments and four historical residences/properties) had been recorded within that same radius of Alternative APE 2. The NAHC SLF indicated that positive results had been obtained within or in the vicinity of the APEs. Contact letters and follow -up emails were sent to tribes on the NAHC contact list.
The Table Mountain Rancheria responded requesting consultation on the Project.
The Phase I survey/Class III inventory fieldwork was conducted with parallel transects spaced at 15-meter intervals walked across both APEs. No cultural resources of any kind were identified within the APEs. A determination of No Adverse Effects /No Significant Impact to historic properties or historical resources is recommended for this Project. It is recommended that an archaeologist be contacted in the unlikely event that cultural resources are discovered during Project construction, however.
202
203
1. Introduction and Regulatory Context
City of Sanger Wells Project 1
1. INTRODUCTION AND REGULATORY CONTEXT
ASM Affiliates, Inc., was retained by Crawford and Bowen Planning, Inc., to conduct an intensive Phase I survey/Class III cultural resources inventory for the City of Sanger Wells Project (Project), Fresno County, California . There are two alternative APEs for the P roject: APE 1 is located in Section 17 and APE 2 is located in Section 10, Township 14 South, Range 22 East, Mount Diablo Base and Meridian (MDBM) (Figures 1 and 2). The study was undertaken to assist with the regulatory requirements for compliance with CEQA and Section 106 of the NHPA , as amended.
The investigation was conducted , specifically, to ensure that no adverse effects to historic properties or significant impacts to historical resources occur as a result of Project construction.
This current study included:
• A background records search and literature review to determine i f any known cultural resources were present in the project zone and/or whether the area had been previously and systematically studied by archaeologists; and
• An on-foot, intensive inventory of the Project APEs to identify and record previously undiscovered cultural resources and to examine known sites.
Peter A. Carey, M.A., RPA, served as Principal Investigator for the Project, with the field survey completed by Robert Azpitarte, B.A., ASM Associate Archaeologist/Field Director.
This document constitutes a report on the Phase I survey/Class III inventory. Subsequent chapters provide background to the investigation, including the APE locations; regulatory context; historic context studies; the findings of the archival records search; a summary of the field surveying techniques employed; and the results of the fieldwork. We conclude with management recommendations for the Project.
1.1 PROJECT LOCATION
Two alternative well sites, and thus APEs, were surveyed for this Project. Both are located in the City of Sanger, Fresno County, California. The Alternative 1 APE, the preferred Project location, is at the southeast corner of Richard and Diamond avenues immediately west of South Greenwood Avenue. Elevation within the Alternative 1 APE is approximately 355-ft above mean sea level (amsl). The Alternative 2 APE is on the west side of South Academy Avenue , south of State Highway 180, roughly midway between East Butler Avenue to the south and Cal Fire Station 84 to the north. Elevation within this APE is about 374-ft amsl.
1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND APE
The Project proposes to construct a new water well for the City of Sanger at one of two alternative locations that are currently being evaluated. The horizontal APE, combining the two alternative locations, is about 3-ac total. It would contain all construction, work, staging and lay-down areas for the Project. The vertical APE is the depth of maximum ground surface disturbance/grading for well foundation, and is estimated at 10-ft.
204
1. Introduction and Regulatory Context
2 City of Sanger Wells Project
1.3 REGULATORY CONTEXT
1.3.1 National Historic Preservation Act
Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966, as amended (Title 54 USC 300101 et seq.; 33 CFR Part 325 Appendix C; 36 CFR Part 800) is applicable to federal undertakings, including projects financed or permitted by federal agencies, regardless of whether the activities occur on land that is managed by federal agencies, other governmental agencies, or private landowners. Its purpose is to determine whether adverse effects will occur to significant cultural resources, defined as “historical properties” that are listed in or determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). The criteria for NRHP eligibility are defined at 36 CFR § 60.4 and include:
The quality of significance in American history, architecture, archaeology, engineering, and culture is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association, and that:
(a) are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or,
(b) are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; or, (c) embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or tha t represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or,
(d) have yielded or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.
There are, however, restrictions to the kinds of historical properties that can be NRHP listed. These have been identified by the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP), as follows:
Ordinarily cemeteries, birthplaces, or gr aves of historical figures, properties owned by religious institutions or used for religious purposes, structures that have been moved from their original locations, reconstructed historic buildings, properties primarily commemorative in nature, and properties that have achieved significance within the past 50 years shall not be considered eligible for the NRHP. However, such properties will qualify if they are integral parts of districts that do meet the criteria or if they fall within the following categories:
(a) A religious property deriving primary significance from architectural or artistic distinction or historical importance; or,
(b) A building or structure removed from its original location but which is significant primarily for architectural value, or which is the surviving structure most importantly associated with a historic person or event; or, 205
1. Introduction and Regulatory Context
City of Sanger Wells Project 3
(c) A birthplace or grave of a historical figure of outstanding importance if there is no appropriate site or building directly associated with his productive life; or, (d) A cemetery which derives its primary significance from graves of persons of transcendent importance, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events; or,
(e) A reconstructed building when accurately executed in a suitable environment and presented in a dignified manner as part of a restoration master plan, and when no other building or structure with the same association has survived; or, (f) A property primarily commemorative in intent if design, age, tradition, or symbolic value has invested it with its own exceptional significance; or, (g) A property achieving significance within the past 50 years if it is of exceptional importance. (http://www.achp.gov/nrcriteria.html)
1.3.2 California Environmental Quality Act
CEQA is applicable to discretionary actions by state or local lead agencies. Under CEQA, lead agencies must analyze impacts to cultural resources. Significant impacts under CEQA occur when “historically significant” or “unique” cultural resources are adversely affected, which occurs when such resources could be altered or destroyed through project implementation. Historically significant cultural resources are defined by eligibility for or by listing in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR). In practice, the federal NRHP criteria ( above) for significance applied under Section 106 are generally (although not entirely) consistent with CRHR criteria (see PRC § 5024.1, Title 14 CCR, Section 4852 and § 15064.5(a)(3)).
Significant cultural resources are those archaeological resources and historical properties that:
(A) Are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage; (B) Are associated with the lives of persons important in our past; (C) Embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represent the work of an important creative individual, or possess high artistic values; or
(D) Have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.
Unique resources under CEQA, in slight contrast, are those that represent:
An archaeological artifact, object, or site about which it can be clearly demonstrated that, without merely adding to the current body of knowledge, there is a high probability that it meets any of the following criteria:
(1) Contains information needed to answer important scientific research questions and that there is a demonstrable public interest in that information. (2) Has a special and particular quality such as being the oldest of its type or the best available example of its type.
206
1. Introduction and Regulatory Context
4 City of Sanger Wells Project
(3) Is directly associated with a scientifically recognized important prehistoric or historic event or person (PRC § 21083.2(g)).
Preservation in place is the preferred approach under CEQA to mitigating adverse impacts to significant or unique cultural resources.
207
1. Introduction and Regulatory Context
City of Sanger Wells Project 5
Figure 1. Location of APE Alternative 1, Sanger, Fresno County, California.
208
1. Introduction and Regulatory Context
6 City of Sanger Wells Project
Figure 2. Location of APE Alternative 2, Sanger, Fresno County, California. 209
2. Environmental and Cultural Background
City of Sanger Wells Project 7
2. ENVIRONMENTAL AND CULTURAL
BACKGROUND
2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL BACKGROUND AND
GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY
As noted above, the alternative Project APEs are located at about 355 and 374-ft amsl on the open flats of the San Joaquin Valley , west of the Kings River. This river is perennial and it provides over half the hydrological and alluvial load that enters the Tulare Lake Basin annually. Prior to the appearance of agriculture, starting in the nineteenth century, this general location would have been prairie grasslands (Preston 1981). A Riparian Woodland would have been present along streams, however. This would have included native species such as mulefat, various willows, sycamore.
Box elder and cottonwood, among others (Schoenherr 1992).
The Project alternative APEs thus fall on the Kings River Fan. According to the geoarchaeological model developed by Meyer et al. (2010), the APEs have a Moderate to Very High potential for buried archaeological deposits. Buried s ites and cultural resources therefore potentially may be present within either alternative.
2.2 ETHNOGRAPHIC BACKGROUND
Penutian-speaking Yokuts tribal groups occupied the southern San Joaquin Valley region and much of the nearby Sierra Nevada. Ethnographic information about the Yokuts was collected primarily by Powers (1971, 1976 [originally 1877]), Kroeber (1925), Gayton (1930, 1948), Driver (1937), Latta (1977) and Harrington (n.d.). For a variety of historical reasons, existing research information emphasizes the central Yokuts tribes who occupied both the valley and particularly the foothills of the Sierra. The northernmost tribes suffered from the influx of Euro-Americans during the Gold Rush and their populations were in substantial decline by the time ethnographic studies began in the early twentieth century. In contrast, the southernmost tribes were partially removed by the Spanish to missions and eventually absorbed into multi-tribal communities on the Sebastian Indian Reservation (on Tejon Ranch), and later the Tule River Reservation and S anta Rosa Rancheria, near Lemoore . The result is an unfortunate scarcity of ethnographic detail on southern Valley tribes, especially in relation to the rich information collected from the central foothills tribes where native speakers of the Yokuts dialects are still found. Regardless, the general details of indigenous lifeways were simi lar across the broad expanse of Yokuts territory, particularly in terms of environmentally influenced subsistence and adaptation and with regard to religion and belief, which were similar everywhere.
Kroeber (1925) and Latta (1977) place the Wechihit Yokuts in the Sanger area, along the Kings River, close to their boundary with the Aiticha (Kocheyalli). Kroeber (1925) places the village of Musahau in the vicinity of Sanger. The Yokuts settlement pattern was largely consistent, however, regardless of specific tribe involved. Winter villages were typically located along lakeshores and major stream courses (as these existed circa AD 1800), with dispersal phase family camps located at elevated spots on the valley floor and near gathering areas in the foothills. 210
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Most Yokuts groups, again regardless of specific tribal affiliation, were organized as a recognized and distinct tribelet; a circumstance that almost certainly pertained to the tribal groups noted above.
Tribelets were land -owning groups organized around a central village and linked by shared territory and descent from a common ancestor. The population of most tribelets ranged from about 150 to 500 peoples (Kroeber 1925).
Each tribelet was headed by a chief who was assisted by a variety of assistants, the most important of whom was the winatum, a herald or messenger and assistant chief. A shaman also served as religious officer. While shamans did not have any direct political authority, as Gayton (1930) has illustrated, they maintained substantial influence within their tribelet.
Shamanism is a religious system common to most Native American tribes. It involves a direct and personal relationship between the individual and the supernatural world enacted by entering a trance or hallucinatory state (usually based on the ingestion of psychotropic plants, such as jimsonweed or more typically native tobacco). Shamans were considered individuals with an unusual degree of supernatural power, serving as healers or curers, diviners, and controllers of natural phenomena (such as rain or thunder). Shamans also produced the rock art of this region, depicting the visions they experienced in vision quests believed to represent their spirit helpers and events in the supernatural realm (Whitley 1992, 2000).
The centrality of shamanism to the religious and spiritual life of the Yokuts was demonstrated by the role of shamans in the yearly ceremonial round. The ritual round, performed the same each year, started in the spring with the jimsonweed ceremony, followed by rattlesnake dance and (where appropriate) first salmon ceremony. After returning from seed camps, fall rituals began in the late summer with the mourning ceremony, followed by first seed and acorn rites and then bear dance (Gayton 1930:379). In each case, shamans served as ceremonial officials responsible for specific dances involving a display of their supernatural powers (Kroeber 1925).
Subsistence practices varied from tribelet to tribelet based on the environment of residence.
Throughout Native California, and Yokuts territory in general, the acorn was a primary dietary component, along with a variety of gathered seeds. Valley tribes augmented this resource with lacustrine and riverine foods, especially fish and wildfowl. As with many Native California tribes, the settlement and subsistence r ounds included the winter aggregation into a few large villages, where stored resources (like acorns) served as staples, followed by dispersal into smaller camps, often occupied by extended families, where seasonally available resources would be gathered and consumed.
Although population estimates vary and population size was greatly affected by the introduction of Euro-American diseases and social disruption, the Yokuts were one of the largest, most successful groups in Native California. Cook (1978) estimates that the Yokuts region contained 27 percent of the aboriginal population in the state at the time of contact; other estimates are even higher. Many Yokuts people continue to reside in the southern San Joaquin Valley today. 211
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2.3 PRE-CONTACT ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND
The southern San Joaquin Valley region has received minimal archaeological attention compared to other areas of the state. In part, this is because the majority of California archaeological work has concentrated in the Sacramento Delta, Santa Barbara Channel, and central Mojave Desert areas (see Moratto 1984). Although knowledge of the region’s prehistory is limited, enough is known to determine that the archaeological record is broadly similar to south -central California as a whole (see Giff ord and Schenk 1926; Hewes 1941; Wedel 1941; Fenenga 1952; Elsasser 1962; Fredrickson and Grossman 1977; Schiffman and Garfinkel 1981). Based on these sources, the general prehistory of the region can be outlined as follows.
Initial occupation of the regi on occurred at least as early as the Paleoindian Period, or prior to about 10,000 years before present (YBP). Evidence of early use of the region is indicated by characteristic fluted and stemmed points found around the margin of Tulare Lake, in the foothi lls of the Sierra, and in the Mojave Desert proper.
Both fluted and stemmed points are particularly common around lake margins, suggesting a terminal Pleistocene/early Holocene lakeshore adaptation similar to that found throughout the far west at the same time; little else is known about these earliest peoples. Over 250 fluted points have been recovered from the Witt Site (CA -KIN-32), located along the western shoreline of ancient Tulare Lake west of the Project area, demonstrating the importance of this early occupation in the San Joaquin Valley specifically (see Fenenga 1993). Additional finds consist of a Clovis -like projectile point discovered in a flash flood cut-bank near White Oak Lodge in 1953 on Tejon Ranch (Glennan 1987a, 1987b). More recently, a similar fluted point was found near Bakersfield (Zimmerman et al. 1989), and a number are known from the Edwards Air Force Base and Boron area of the western Mojave Desert. Although human occupation of the state is well -established during the Late Pleistocene, relatively little can be inferred about the nature and distribution of this occupation with a few exceptions. First, little evidence exists to support the idea that people at that time were big -game hunters, similar to those found on the Great Plains. Second, the western Mojave Desert evidence suggests small, very mobile populations that left a minimal archaeological signature. The evidence from the ancient Tulare Lake shore, in contrast, suggests much more substantial population and settlements which, instead of relying on big game hunting, were tied to the lacustrine lake edge. Variability in subsistence and settlement patterns is thus apparent in California, in contrast to the Great Plains.
Substantial evidence for human occupation across California, however, first occurs during the middle Holocene, roughly 7,500 to 4,000 YBP. This period is known as the Early Horizon, or alternatively as the Early Millingstone along the Santa Barbara Channel. In the south, populations concentrated along the coast with minimal visible use of inland areas. Adaptation emphasized hard seeds and nuts with toolkits dominated by mullers and grindstones (manos and metates).
Additionally, little evidence for Early Horizon occupation exists in most inland portions of the state, partly due to a severe cold and dry paleoclimatic period occurring at this time, although a site deposit dating to this age has been identified along the ancient Buena Vista shoreline in Kern County to the south (Rosenthal et al. 2007). Regardless of specifics, Early Horizon population density was low with a subsistence adaptation more likely tied to plant food gathering than hunting.
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Environmental conditions improved dramatically after about 4,000 YBP during the Middle Horizon (or Intermediate Period). This period is known climatically as the Holocene Maximum (circa 3,800 YBP) and was characterized by significantly warmer and wetter conditions than previously experienced. It was marked archaeologically by large population increase and radiation into new environments along coastal and interior south- central California and the Mojave Desert (Whitley 2000). In the Delta region to the north, this same period of favorable environmental conditions was characterized by the appearance of the Windmiller culture which exhibited a high degree of ritual elaboration (especially in burial practices) and perhaps even a rudimentary mound- building tradition (Meighan, personal communication, 1985). Along with ritual elaboration, Middle Horizon times experienced increasing subsistence specialization, perhaps correlating with the appearance of acorn processing technology. Penutian speaking peoples (including the Yokuts) are also posited to have entered the state roughly at the beginning of this period and, perhaps to have brought this technology with them (cf. Moratto 1984). Likewise, it appears the so-called "Shoshonean Wedge" in southern California, the Takic speaking groups that include the Gabrielino/Fernandeño, Tataviam and Kitanemuk, may have moved into the region at tha t time (Sutton 2009, rather than at about 1500 YBP as first suggested by Kroeber (1925).
Evidence for Middle Horizon occupation of interior south-central California is substantial. For example, in northern Los Angeles County along the upper Santa Clara River, to the south of the San Joaquin Valley, the Agua Dulce village complex indicates occupation extending back to the Intermediate Period, when the population of the village may have been 50 or more people (King et al n.d.). Similarly, inhabitation of the Hathaway Ranch region near Lake Piru, and the Newhall Ranch near Valencia, appears to date to the Intermediate Period (W & S Consultants 1994). To the west, little or no evidence exists for pre -Middle Horizon occupation in the upper Sisquoc and Cuyama River drainages; populations first appear there at roughly 3,500 YBP (Horne 1981). The Carrizo Plain, the valley immediately west of the San Joaquin, experienced a major population expansion during the Middle Horizon (W & S Consultants 2004; Whitley et al. 2007), and recently collected data indicates the Tehachapi Mountains region was first significantly occupied during the Middle Horizon (W & S Consultants 2006). A parallel can be drawn to the inland Ventura County region where a similar pattern has been identified (Whitley and Beaudry 1991), as well as the western Mojave Desert (Sutton 1988a, 1988b), the southern Sierra Nevada (W & S Consultants 1999), and the Coso Range region (Whitley et al. 1988). In all of these areas a major expansion in settlement, the establishment of large site complexes and an increase in the range of environments exploited appear to have occurred sometime roughly around 4,000 years ago. Although most efforts to explain this expansion have focused on local circumstances and events, it is increasingly apparent this was a major southern California-wide occurrence and any explanation must be sought at a larger level of analysis (Whitley 2000). Additionally, evidence from the Carrizo Plain suggests the origins of the tribelet level of political organization developed during this period (W & S Consultants 2004; Whitley et al. 2007). Whether this same demographic process holds for the southern San Joaquin Valley, including the study area, is yet to be determined.
The beginning of the Late Horizon is set variously at 1,500 and 800 YBP, with a growing archaeological consensus for the shorter chronology. Increasing evidence suggests the importance of the Middle -Late Horizons transition (AD 800 to 1200) in the understanding of south-central California prehistory. This corresponds to the so-called Medieval Climatic Anomaly, followed by the Little Ice Age, and this general period of climatic instability extended to about A.D. 1860 . It 213
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included major droughts matched by intermittent “mega-floods,” and resulted in demographic disturbances across much of the west (Jones et al. 1999). It is believed to have resulted in major population decline and abandonments across south -central California, involving as much as 90% of the interior populations in some regions, including the Carrizo Plain (Whitley et al. 2007). It is not clear whether site abandonment was accompanied by a true reduction in population or an agglomeration of the same numbers of peoples into fewer but larger villages in more favorable locations. Population along the Santa Barbara coast appears to have spiked at about the same time that it collapsed on the Carrizo Plain (ibid). Along Buena Vista Lake, in Kern County, population appears to have been increasingly concentrated towards the later end of the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (Culleton 2006), and population intensification also appears to have occurred in the well- watered Tehachapi Mountains during this same period (W & S Consultants 2006).
What is then clear is that Middle Period villages and settlements were widely dispersed across the south-central California landscape, including in the Sierras and the Mojave Desert. Many of these sites are found at locations that lack existing or known historical fresh water sources. Late Horizon sites, in contrast, are typically concentrated in areas where fresh water was available duri ng the historical period, if not currently.
One extensively studied site that shows evidence of intensive occupation during the Middle-Late Horizons transition (~1,500 – 500 YBP) is the Redtfeldt Mound (CA-KIN-66/H), located south of Hanford, near the north shore of ancient Tulare Lake. There, Siefkin (1999) reported on human burials and a host of artifacts and ecofacts excavated from a modest -sized mound. He found that both Middle Horizon and Middle-Late Horizons transition occupations were more intensive than Late Horizon occupations, which were sporadic and less intensive (Siefkin 1999:110-111).
The Late Horizon can then be understood as a period of recovery from a major demographic collapse. One result is the development of regional archaeological cul tures as the precursors to ethnographic Native California; suggesting that ethnographic life-ways recorded by anthropologists extend roughly 800 years into the past.
The position of southern San Joaquin Valley prehistory relative to patterns seen in surrounding areas is still somewhat unknown. The presence of large lake systems in the valley bottoms appears to have mediated some of the desiccation seen elsewhere. But, as the reconstruction of Soda Lake in the nearby Carrizo Plain demonstrates (see Whitley et al. 2007) environmental perturbations had serious impacts on lake systems too. Identifying certain of the prehistoric demographic trends for the southern San Joaquin Valley, and determining how these trends (if present) correlate with those seen elsewhere, is a current important research objective.
2.4 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Euro-American movement into the San Joaquin Valley was later dating that on the coast, partly because of armed opposition from the valley’s Native American tribes. The discovery of gold in northern California in 1848 however resulted in a dramatic increase of population, consisting in good part of fortune seekers and gold miners . Some new immigrants began ranching in the San Joaquin Valley to supply the miners and mining towns. Ranchers grazed cattle and sheep, and farmers dry-farmed or used limited irrigation to grow grain crops, leading to the creation of small 214
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agricultural communities throughout the valley (JRP Historical Consulting 2009). T he southern San Joaquin Valley then became significant as a center of food production for this new influx of people in California. The expansive unfenced and principally public foothill spaces were well suited for grazing both sheep and cattle (Boyd 1997). As the Sierra Nevada gold rush presented extensive financial opportunities, ranchers introduced new breeds of livestock, consisting of cattle, sheep and pig (Boyd 1997).
With the increase of ranching in the southern San Joaquin came the dramatic change in the landscape, as non-native grasses more beneficial for grazing and pasture replaced native flora (Preston 1981). After the passing of the Arkansas Act in 1850, efforts were made to reclaim small tracts of land in order to create more usable spaces for ranching. Eventually, as farming supplanted ranching as a more profitable enterprise, large tracts of land began to be reclaimed for agricultural use, aided in part by the extension of the railroad in the 1870s (Pacific Legacy 2006).
Following the passage of statewide ‘No-Fence’ laws in 1874, ranching practices began to decline, while farming expanded in the San Joaquin Valley in both large land holdings and smaller, subdivided properties. As the farming population grew, so did the demand for irrigation. Three competing partnerships developed during this period which had a great impact on control of water, land reclamation and ultimately agricultural development in the San Joaquin Valley: Livermore and Chester, Haggin and Carr, and Miller and Lux, perhaps the most famous of the enterprises.
Livermore and Chester were responsible, among other things, for developing the large Hollister plow (three feet wide by two feet deep), pulled by a 40-mule team, which was used for ditch digging. Haggin and Carr were largely responsible for reclaiming the beds of the Buena Vista and Kern lakes (Morgan 1914). Miller and Lux ultimately became one of the biggest private property holders in the country, controlling the rights to over 22,000 square miles. They recognized early- on that control of water would have imp ortant economic implications, and they played a major role in the water development of the state. They controlled, for example, over 100 miles of the San Joaquin River with the San Joaquin and Kings River Canal and Irrigation System. They were also embroiled for many years in litigation against Haggin and Carr over control of the water rights to the Kern River. Descendants of Henry Miller continue to play a major role in California water rights, with his great grandson, George Nickel, Jr., the first to deve lop the concept of water banking, thus creating a system to buy and sell wat er (Levine 2011). Numerous small irrigation districts also developed in the Fresno and Kings counties region during the latter decades of the 19 th century as a result of the Wright Act of 1887. These suffered from competition, confusion over water rights, and droughts in the 1890s, which left many districts not viable.
Fresno County was formed in 1856 from portions of Merced, Mariposa and Tulare counties. The first focus of Euro-American settlement in the county occurred at Millerton, close to Fort Miller, which was the initial county seat. A flood in 1867 inundated Millerton, causing many settlers to move to Centerville. The Fresno area at the time was primarily used for sheep herding due to insufficient water for dryland farming. The Central Pacific Railroad reached the Fresno area in 1872, connecting it with important market towns elsewhere in the state, dramatically impacting agriculture production (Pacific Legacy 2006). “Fresno Station” soon became “Fresno,” named after the ash trees that are common along the San Joaquin River. Fresno was made the county seat in 1874, and was incorporated in 1885. By 1890, the population had grown to more than 10,000 (Brady and Roper 2011; City of Fresno 2022).
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The City of Sanger was founded in 1888 when rail lines between Fresno and Porterville were laid.
The town was incorporated in 1911. Its initial economic emphasis was in the timber industry, with the longest flume in the US carrying trees from Converse Basin to a mill in Sanger. Citrus farming eventually replaced the lumber as the main regional economy. The town , originally “Sanger Junction,” was named after Joseph Sanger, Jr., the secretary and treasurer of the Railroad Yardmasters Association. The US Postal Services designated Sanger the “Nation’s Christmas Tree City” in 1949 (City of Sanger 2022).
2.5 RESEARCH DESIGN
2.5.1 Pre-Contact Archaeology
Previous research and the nature of the pre -contact archaeological record suggest two significant NRHP themes, both of which fall under the general Pre-Contact Archaeology area of significance.
These are the Expansion of Pre-Contact Populations and Their Adaptation to New Environments; and Adaptation to Changing Environmental Conditions.
The Expansion of Pre -Contact Populations and Their Adaptation to New Environments theme primarily concerns the Middle Horizon/Holocene Maximum. Its period of significance runs from about 4,000 to 1,500 YBP. It involves a period during which the prehistoric population appears to have expanded into a variety of new regions, developing new adaptive strategies in the process.
The Adaptation to Changing Environmental Conditions theme is partly related to the Holocene Maximum, but especially to the Medieval Climatic Anomaly. The period of significance for this theme, accordingly, extends from about 4,000 to 800 YBP. This theme involves the apparent collapse of many inland populations, presumably with population movements to better environments such as the coast. It is not yet known whether the southern San Joaquin Valley, with its system of lakes, sloughs and swamps, experienced population decline or, more likely, population increase due to the relatively favorable conditions of this region during this period of environmental stress.
The range of site types that are present in this region include:
• Villages, primarily located on or near permanent water sources, occupied by large groups during the winter aggregation season;
• Seasonal camps, again typically located at water sources, occu pied during other parts of the year tied to locally and seasonally available food sources; • Special activity areas, especially plant processing locations containing bedrock mortars (BRMs), commonly (though not exclusively) near existing oak woodlands, and invariably at bedrock outcrops or exposed boulders;
• Stone quarries and tool workshops, occurring in two general contexts: at or below naturally occurring chert exposures on the eastern front of the Temblor Range; and at quartzite cobble exposures, often on hills or ridges;
• Ritual sites, most commonly pictographs (rock art) found at rockshelters or large exposed boulders, and cemeteries, both commonly associated with villages; and 216
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• A variety of small lithic scatters (low density surface scatters of stone tools).
The first requisites in any research design are the definition of site age/chronology and site function. The ability to determine either of these basic kinds of information may vary between survey and test excavation projects, and due to the nature of the sites themselves. BRM sites without associated artifacts, for example, may not be datable beyond the assumption that they post- date the Early Horizon and are thus less than roughly 4,000 years old.
A second fundamental issue involves the place of site in the settlement system, especially with respect to water sources. Because the locations of the water sources have sometimes changed over time, villages and camps are not exclusively associated with existing (or known historical) water sources (W&S Consultants 2006). The size and locations of the region’s lakes, sloughs and delta channels, to cite the most obvious example, changed significantly during the last 12,000 years due to major paleoclimatic shifts. This altered the area’s hydrology and thus prehistoric settlement patterns. The west ern shoreline of Tulare Lake was relatively stable, because it abutted the Kettleman Hills. But the northern, southern and eastern shorelines comprised the near-flat valley floor. Relatively minor fluctuations up or down in the lake level resulted in very significant changes in the areal expression of the lake on these three sides, and therefore the locations of villages and camps. Although perhaps not as systematic, similar changes occurred with respect to stream channels and sloughs, and potential site locations associated with them. This circumstance has implications for predicting site locations and archaeological sensitivity. Site sensitivity is then hardest to predict in the open valley floor, where changes in stream courses and lake levels occurred on numerous occasions.
Nonetheless, the position of southern San Joaquin Valley prehistory relative to the changing settlement and demographic patterns seen in surrounding areas is still somewhat unknown (cf.
Siefkin 1999), including to the two NRHP themes identified above. The presence of large lake systems in the valley bottoms can be expected to have mediated some of the effects of desiccation seen elsewhere. But, as the reconstruction of Soda Lake in the nearby Carrizo Plain demonstrates (see Whitley et al. 2007), environmental perturbations had serious impacts on lake systems too.
Identifying certain of the prehistoric demographic trends for the southern San Joaquin Valley, and determining how these trends (if present ) correlate with those seen elsewhere, is another primary regional research objective.
Archaeological sites would primarily be evaluated for NRHP eligibility under Criterion D, research potential.
2.5.2 Historical Archaeology: Native American
Less research has been conducted on the regional historical archaeological record, both Native American and Euro -American. For Native American historical sites, the ethnographic and ethnohistoric periods in the southern San Joaquin Valley extended from first Euro-American contact, in AD 1772, to circa 1900, when tribal populations were first consolidated on reservations.
The major significant historic NRHP themes during this period of significance involve the related topics of Historic-Aboriginal Archaeology, and N ative American Ethnic Heritage. More 217
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specifically, these concern the Adaptation of the Indigenous Population to Euro -American Encroachment and Settlement, and their Acculturation to Western Society. These processes included the impact of missionization on the San Joaquin Valley (circa 1800 to about 1845); the introduction of the horse and the development of a San Joaquin Valley “horse culture,” including raiding onto the coast and Los Angeles Basin (after about 1810); the use of the region as a refuge for m ission neophyte escapees (after 1820); responses to epidemics from introduced diseases (especially in the 1830s); armed resistance to Euro-American encroachment (in the 1840s and early 1850s); the origins of the reservation system and the development of new tribal organizations and ethnic identities; and, ultimately, the adoption of the Euro -American society’s economic s ystem and subsistence practices, and acculturation into that society.
Site types that have been identified in the region dating to the ethnographic/ethnohistoric period of significance primarily include villages and habitations, some of which contain cemeteries and rock art (including pictographs and cupules). Dispersed farmsteads, dating specifically from the reservation period or post-1853, would also be expected. The different social processes associated with this historical theme may be manifest in the material cultural record in terms of changing settlement patterns and village organization (from traditional nucleated villages to single family dispersed farmsteads); the breakdown of traditional trading networks with their replacement by new economic relationships; changing subsistence practices, especially the introduction of agriculture initially via escaped mission neophytes; the use of Euro-American artifacts and materials rather than traditional tools and materials; and, possibly, changing mortuary practices.
Inasmuch as culture change is a primary intellectual interest in archaeology, ethnographic villages and habitations may be NRHP eligible under Criterion D, research potential. Rock art sites, especially pictographs, may be eligible under Criterion C as examples of artistic mastery. They may also be eligible under Criterion A, association with events contributing to broad patter ns of history. Ethnographic sites, further, may be NRHP eligible as Traditional Cultural Properties due to potential continued connections to tribal descendants, and their resulting importance in traditional practices and beliefs, including their significance for historical memory, tribal- and self- identity formation, and tribal education.
For Criteria A, C and D, eligibility requires site integrity (including the ability to convey historical association for Criterion A). These may include intact archaeol ogical deposits for Criterion D, as well as setting and feel for Criteria C and A. Historical properties may lack physical integrity, as normally understood in heritage management, but still retain their significance to Native American tribes as Traditional Cultural Properties if they retain their tribal associations and uses.
2.5.3 Historical Archaeology: Euro-American
Approaches to historical Euro-American archaeological research relevant to the region have been summarized by Caltrans (1999, 2000, 2007, 2008). These concern the general topics of historical landscapes, agriculture and farming, irrigation (water conveyance systems), and mining.
For archaeological sites, Caltrans has identified an evaluation matrix aiding determinations of eligibility emphasizing potential eligibility under NRHP Criterion D, research potential. The identified research issues include site structure and land -use (lay-out, land use, feature function); 218
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economics (self -sufficiency, consumer behavior, wealth indicators); technol ogy and science (innovations, methods); ethnicity and cultural diversity (religion, race); household composition and lifeways (gender, children); and labor relations. Principles useful for determining the research potential of an individual site or feature are conceptualized in terms of the mnemonic AIMS-R, as follows:
1. Association refers to the ability to link an assemblage of artifacts, ecofacts, and other cultural remains with an individual household, an ethnic or socioeconomic group, or a specific activity or property use.
2. Integrity addresses the physical condition of the deposit, referring to the intact nature of the archaeological remains. In order for a feature to be most useful, it should be in much the same state as when it was deposited. How ever, even disturbed deposits can yield important information (e.g., a tightly dated deposit with an unequivocal association).
3. Materials refers to the number and variety of artifacts present. Large assemblages provide more secure interpretations as there are more datable items to determine when the deposit was made, and the collection will be more representative of the household, or activity. Likewise, the interpretive potential of a deposit is generally increased with the diversity of its contents, although the lack of diversity in certain assemblages also may signal important behavioral or consumer patterns.
4. Stratigraphy refers to the vertically or horizontally discrete depositional units that are distinguishable. Remains from an archaeological feature with a complex stratigraphic sequence representative of several events over time can have the added advantage of providing an independent chronological check on artifact diagnosis and the interpretation of the sequence of environmental or sociocultural events.
5. Rarity refers to remains linked to household types or activities that are uncommon.
Because they are scarce, they may have importance even in cases where they otherwise fail to meet other thresholds of importance (Caltrans 2007:209).
For agricultural sites, Caltrans (2007) has identified six themes to guide research: Site Structure and Land Use Pattern; Economic Strategies; Ethnicity and Cultural Adaptation; Agricultural Technology and Science; Household Composition and Lifeways; and Labor History. Expected site types would include farm and ranch homesteads and facilities, line camps, and refuse dumps. In general terms, historica l Euro-American archaeological sites would be evaluated for NRHP eligibility under Criterion D, research potential. However, they also potentially could be eligible under Criteria A and B for their associate d values with major historical trends or individu als.
Historical landscapes might also be considered.
Historical structures, most likely to be pertinent to the current study area, in contrast are typically evaluated for NRHP eligibility under Criteria A and /or B, for their associate d values with major historical trends or individuals, and C for potential design or engineering importance..
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3. ARCHIVAL RECORDS SEARCH
In order to determine whether the Project APEs had been previously surveyed for cultural resources, and/or whether any such resources were known to exist on either of them, an archival records search was conducted by the staff of the Southern San Joaquin Valley Information Center (IC) on 12 July2022. The records search was completed to determine: (i) if prehistoric or historical archaeological sites had previously been recorded within the Project APEs; (ii) if the APEs had been systematically surveyed by archaeologists prior to the initiation of this field study; and/or (iii) whether the region of the field project was known to contain archaeological sites and to thereby be archaeologically sensitive. Records examined included archaeological site files and maps, t he NRHP, Historic Property Data File, California Inventory of Historic Resources, and the California Points of Historic Interest.
The IC investigation determined that neither alternative APE had been surveyed previously, and that no resources were known t o exist within them (Confidential Appendix A). A number of previous surveys had been completed within a 0.5-mi radius of the APEs however (Table 1). Two historical structures, both segments of water conveyance systems, had been recorded within a 0.5- mile radius of the Alternative 1 APE; while 7 historical structures (one railroad line, two water conveyance system segments and four historical residences/properties) had been recorded within that same radius of Alternative APE 2 (Table 2).
The NAHC SLF indicated that positive results had been obtained within or in the vicinity of the APEs. Contact letters and follow -up emails were sent to tribes on the NAHC contact list. The Table Mountain Rancheria responded requesting consultation on the Project. No other tribes responded (Confidential Appendix A).
Table 1. Survey Reports within 0.5-mi of the APE s
Report No. Year Author (s)/Affiliation Title
FR-00002 1997
Kus, James S. and
Mader, Claudia A. /
James S. Kus and
Associates
Negative Archaeological Survey Report for a Proposed Storm Drain Basin ("Basin B") at 2316 Academy Avenue, Sanger, California FR-00009 1997 James S. Kus and
Associates City of Sanger Cultural Resources Background Summary Report FR-00010 1994
Bissonnette, Linda Dick/
Cultural Resources
Consulting
City of Sanger Cultural Resources Background Summary Report FR-00435 1980
Cursi, Kathleen L./
California State
University,
Fresno
Archaeological Reconnaissance of North Avenue (Academy Avenue to 500' east of Lone Tree Canal), Fresno County, California FR-00535 1992
McGuire, Kelly R. and
Wohlgemuth, Eric/ Far
Western
Archaeological Survey Report for a Proposed Upgrade of Rural Route 180 Between Fowler and Cove Avenues, Fresno County, California 220
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Report No. Year Author (s)/Affiliation Title
FR-00620 1989
Parr, Robert E. / Cultural
Resource Facility,
California State
University,
Bakersfield
An Archaeological Assessment of the Sanger Biomass-to-Energy Cogeneration Facility, City of Sanger, Fresno County, California FR-01224 1981 Unknown / Larry
Seeman Associates
Historical Property Survey Report For The North Avenue
Improvement Project, Sanger, California
FR-01758 2001
Nettles, Wendy M.,
Palmer, Kevin (Lex), and
Flint, Sandra S. / Applied
EarthWorks, Inc.
Archaeological Survey and Architectural Evaluation for the Academy Avenue Widening Project Highway 180 to Shaw Avenue, Fresno County, California
FR-02178 2006 Baloian, Randy/ Applied
EarthWorks, Inc.
Cultural Resources Inventory for the Lara Yakligian Property (APN 314-063-17), Sanger, Fresno County, California
FR-02179 2006 Baloian, Randy/ Applied
EarthWorks, Inc.
Cultural Resources Inventory for the James Yakligian Property (APN 314-063-16), Sanger, Fresno County, California
FR-02437 2011
Wickstrom, Brian/
California Department of
Transportation
Fourth Supplemental Historic Property Survey Report for the Kings Canyon Expressway Project, Segment 2, Near Centerville, Fresno County, California
FR-02453 2002
Unknown/ California
Department of
Transportation
Second Supplemental Historic Property Survey Report 180 East Rural Expressway Reevaluation - Fowler Avenue to Cove Avenue Fresno County, California
FR-02507 1992
Mikesell, Stephen D. and
Wee, Stephen R./
Woodward-Clyde
Consultants
Historic Architectural Survey Report for the Rural Highway 180 Project Fowler Avenue to Cove Avenue, Fresno County, California FR-03025 2020
Onna, Carlos van,
Stanley, Ward, and
Jones, Jessica/ Applied
EarthWorks, Inc.
Historic Properties Inventory for the Tombstone Territory Water Extension Project, Fresno County, California
Table 2. Resources within the 0.5-mi of the APEs
Based on the results of the archival records search, the Project APEs appeared to have low sensitivity for cultural resources.
Primary # Type Description
P-10-002963 Structure Fowler Switch Canal
P-10-003930 Structure Southern Pacific Railroad
P-10-004724 Structure Hansen Canal
P-10-006054 Building Sundance Fruit Inc. Property
P-10-006055 Building Blue Property
P-10-006060 Building Tipps Property
P-10-006061 Building Saldana Property
P-10-007226 Structure Garfield Ditch
P-10-007227 Structure Lone Tree Channel
221
4. Methods and Results
City of Sanger Wells Project 19
4. METHODS AND RESULTS
4.1 FIELD METHODS
An intensive Phase I survey/Class III inventory of the City of Sanger Well Project APEs was conducted by Robert Azpitarte, B.A., ASM Associate Archaeologist/Field Director on 1 September 2022. The field methods employed included intensive pedestrian examination of the ground surface for evidence of archaeological sites in the form of artifacts, surface features (such as bedrock mortars, historical mining equipment), and archaeological indicators (e.g., organically enriched midden soil, burnt animal bone); the identification and location of any discovered sites, should t hey be present; tabulation and recording of surface diagnostic artifacts; site sketch mapping; preliminary evaluation of site integrity; and site recording, following the California Office of Historic Preservation Instructions for Recording Historic Resources, using DPR 523 forms.
The entirety of the two approximately 3 total acres Project APEs was surveyed using 15-m parallel transects.
4.2 SURVEY RESULTS
The Alternative 1 Well APE consists of a triangular -shaped vacant between existing suburban single-family residences (Figure 3). The ground surface was devoid of vegetation within this lot, providing excellent ground surface visibility. The Alternative 2 Well APE consists of an active citrus orchard (Figure 4). The spaces between the tree rows were devoid of vegetation or cover, also providing excellent ground surface visibility.
No cultural resources of any kind were identified in either the Alternative 1 or 2 well locations.
222
5. Summary and Recommendations
20 City of Sanger Wells Project
Figure 3. Alternative 1 Well APE overview.
Figure 4. Alternative 2 Well APE overview.
223
5. Summary and Recommendations
City of Sanger Wells Project 21
5. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
An intensive Phase I survey/Class III cultural resources inventory was conducted for the City of Sanger Well Project, Fresno County, California. This examined two alternative well locations which totaled approximately 3 -ac. A records search was conducted at the Southern San Joaquin Valley Archaeological Information Center, California State University, Bakersfield. This indicated that the two APEs had not been previously surveyed and that no historic cultural resources were known to exist within them. A records search of the NAHC Sacred Lands Files was also conducted, resulting in a positive response for tribal cultural resources in or within the vicinity of the APEs.
Contacts with designated tribal organizations were also completed. The Table Mountain Rancheria responding, requesting consultation on the Project.
The Phase I survey/Class III inventory fieldwork was conducted in September 2022, with parallel transects spaced at 15 -meter intervals walked across the Project APEs. No cultural resources of any kind were identified within either APE.
5.1 Recommendations
An intensive Phase I survey/Class III cultural resources inventory demonstrated that the City of Sanger Well Project APE lacks significant archaeological and historical resources, and t he proposed Project does not have the potential to result in adverse ef fects or significant impacts to historic properties or historical resources. A Determination of No Adverse Effect /No Significant Impact is therefore recommended for the Project. Based on their request, it is further recommended that the Table Mountain Rancheria be consulted on this Project. In the unlikely event that cultural resources are encountered during Project construction or use, furthermore, it is recommended that an archaeologist be contacted to assess the discovery.
224
225
References
City of Sanger Wells Project 23
REFERENCES
Brady, J.L. and C.K. Roper
2011 A Cultural Resources Survey for the Fresno Irrigation District’s Briggs Canal Improvement Project, Malaga, Fresno County, California. Report on file, CSUB IC.
Boyd, W.H.
1997 Lower Kern River Country 1850-1950: Wilderness to Empire . Kings River Press, Lemoore.
Caltrans
1999 General Guidelines for Identifying and Evaluating Historic Landscapes . Sacramento:
Caltrans.
2000 Water Conveyance Systems in California: Historic Context Development and Evaluation Procedures. Sacramento: Caltrans.
2007 A Historical Context and Archaeological Research Design for Agricultural Properties in California. Sacramento: Caltrans.
2008 A Historical Context and Archaeological Research Design for Mining Properties in California. Sacramento: Caltrans.
City of Fresno
2022 History of Fresno. Electronic document: https://www.fresno.gov/darm/historic- preservation/history-of-fresno/. Accessed September 12, 2022.
City of Sanger
2022 History. Electronic document: https://www.ci.sanger.ca.us/347/History. A ccessed September 12, 2022.
Cook, S. F.
1978 Historical Demography. In Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 8, California, R. F. Heizer, editor, pp. 91-98. Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institute.
Driver, H.E.
1937 Cultural Element Distributions: VI, Southern Sierra Nevada. University of California Anthropological Records 1(2):53-154. Berkeley
Elsasser, A.
1962 Indians of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks . Three Rivers: Sequoia Natural History Association.
Fenenga, F.
1952 The Archaeology of the Slick Rock Village, Tulare County, California. American Antiquity 17:339-347.
226
References
24 City of Sanger Wells Project
Fredrickson, D.A. and J. Grossman
1977 A San Dieguito component at Buena Vista Lake, California. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 4:173-190.
Gayton, A.H.
1930 Yokuts-Mono Chiefs and Shamans. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 24. Berkeley, 361-420.
1948 Yokuts and Western Mono Ethnography. University of California Anthropological Records 10:1–290. Berkeley.
Gifford, E.W. and W.E. Schenck
1926 Archaeology of the Southern San Joaquin Valley. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 23(1):1-122.
Harrington, John Peabody
n.d. Yokuts ethnographic notes. National Anthropological Archives.
Hewes, G.
1941 Archaeological reconnaissance of the central San Joaquin Valley. American Antiquity 7:123-133.
Horne, S.P.
1981 The Inland Chumash: Ethnography, Ethnohistory and Archaeology. Ph.D. dissertation, UCSB. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.
Jones, T.L., G.M. Brown, L.M. Raab, J.L. McVickar, W.G. Spaulding. D.J. Kennett, A. York and P.L. Walker
1999 Demographic Crisis in Western North America during the Medieval Climatic Anomaly. Current Anthropology 40:137-170.
King, C., C. Smith and T. King
n.d. Archaeological Report Related to the Interpretation of Archaeological Resources Present at the Vasquez Rocks County Park. Report on file, UCLA AIC.
Kroeber, A.L.
1925 Handbook of the Indians of California. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 78 .
Washington, D.C.
Latta, F. F.
1977 Handbook of the Yokuts Indians. Bear State Books, Santa Cruz.
Levine, Yasha
2011 “ California Class War History: Meet the Oligarch Family That’s Been Scamming Taxpayers for 150 years, and Counting! ” California Uber Alles /Water Wars . The Exiled, 19 May 2011. Electronic document, http://exiledonline.com/california-class - 227
References
City of Sanger Wells Project 25
war-history-meet-the-oligarch-family-thats-been-scamming-taxpayers-for-150-years- and-counting/. Accessed September 12, 2022.
Moratto, M.
1984 California Archaeology. New York: Academic Press.
Morgan, W.A.
1914 History of Kern County, California with Biographical Sketches. Los Angeles: Historic Record Company.
Pacific Legacy, Inc.
2006 Southern San Joaquin Valley Oil Fields Comprehensive Study. Manuscript on file, BLM Bakersfield office.
Powers, Stephen
1971 The Yokuts Dance for the Dead. In R.F. Heizer and M.A. Whipple, editors, pp. 513- 519, The California Indians: A Source Book (second edition). Berkeley, University of California Press (original 1877).
1976 Tribes of California. Berkeley, University of California Press (original 1877).
Preston, William L.
1981 Vanishing Landscapes: Land and Life in the Tulare Lake Basin. Berkeley, University of California Press.
Schiffman, R.A. and A.P. Garfinkel
1981 Prehistory of Kern County: An Overview. Bakersfield College Publications in Archaeology, Number 1.
Siefkin, Nelson
1999 Archaeology of the Redfeldt Mound (CA -KIN-66), Tulare Basin, California. M.A.
Thesis, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, California State University, Bakersfield.
Sutton, M.Q.
1988a An Introduction to the Archaeology of the Western Mojave Desert, California. Archives of California Prehistory, No. 14. Salinas: Coyote Press. 1988b On the Late Prehistory of the Western Mojave Desert. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 24(1):22-29.
2009 People and Language: Defining the Takic Expansion into the Southern California.
Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 40(2, 3): 31-73.
W&S Consultants
2006 Phase II Test Excavations and Determinations of Significance for the Tejon Mountain Village Project, Kern County, California. Report on file, Tejon Ranch Company.
228
References
26 City of Sanger Wells Project
Wedel, W.
1941 Archaeological Investigations at Buena Vista Lake, Kern County, California. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 130.
Whitley, D.S.
1992 Shamanism and Rock Art in Far Western North America. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 2(1):89-113.
2000 The Art of the Shaman: Rock Art of California . Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
Whitley, D.S. and M.P. Beaudry
1991 Chiefs on the Coast: The Development of Complex Society in the Tiquisate Region in Ethnographic Perspective. The Development of Complex Civilizations in Southeastern Mesoamerica, W. Fowler, ed., pp. 101-120. Orlando: CRC Press.
Whitley, D.S., G. Gumerman IV, J. Simon and E. Rose
1988 The Late Prehistoric Period in the Coso Range and Environs. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 24(1):2-10.
Whitley, D.S., J. Simon and J.H.N. Loubser
2007 The Carrizo Collapse: Art and Politics in the Past. In A Festschrift Honoring the Contributions of California Archaeologist Jay von Werlhof , ed RL Kaldenberg, pp. 199-208. Ridgecrest: Maturango Museum Publication 20.
229
Confidential Appendix A
City of Sanger Wells Project
Confidential Appendix A:
Records Search and Native American Heritage Commission
Outreach
230
Prepared by: Becky Ramirez, City Clerk/Deputy
Personnel Officer
Approved by: ________________________
REVIEW: City Manager: ________ Finance: ________ City Attorney: ________ TYPE OF ITEM: COUNCIL ACTION: APPROVED DENIED NO ACTION __X Consent
____ Info Item
_X_ Action Item
Department Report
____ Redevelopment Agency
____ Public Hearing
__ _ Matter Initiated by a Council Member
____ Other
____ Continued to: __________
For the Meeting of: November 3, 2022
Age nda Item No.: G-1
CITY OF SANGER
REPORT TO THE CITY COUNCIL
To:
From:
Subject:
Attachments:
Mayor and Councilmembers
Tim Chapa, City Manager
City of Sanger’s Local Commission on the Status of Women and Girls Resolution No. 2022-93
CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
None known.
RECOMMENDATION:
That the City Council adopt Resolution No.
2022-93 amending the City’s local Commission on the
S
tatus of Women and Girls.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
On May 19, 2022, the City Council adopted Resolution No. 2022-46 establishing a local Commission on the Status of Women and Girls. Initially, the mem bership w as comprised of five membe rs: f our members to be residents of the four Council Districts, and one member a resident of the City at large. In an effort to have proper representation of young women, the City wishes to amend the Commission by increasing the membership from five to six and to require that one me mber be a woman between the ages of 16 and 24, and attending high school, college, or university. Additionally, the City wishes to modify the name from “Commission on the Status of Women and Girls” to “Commission to Advance the Status of Women and Girls”, which more aptly describes the purpose of the Commission.
BACKGROUND:
On January 10, 2022, the California Commission
on the Status of Women and Girls released its grant
application for the 2022 CCSWG Women’s Recovery Response Grant Funding Opportunity. For more 231
\\nas1\shared\Forms & Templates
tha
n 50 years, the California Commission on the Status of Women and Girls has identified and worked to eliminate inequities in state laws, practices, and conditions that affect California’s women and girls.
This grant opportunity allowed the Commission to distribute $5M throughout the State for the following funding categories:
• Engage and strengthens existing local women’s commissions to ultimately inform the statewide Women’s Economic Recovery Blueprint.
• Development of new local commissions to improve representation of all women’s voices throughout California.
• Increase resources for community based organizations providing direct services to support immediate needs for women through an economic security lens.
The Commission awarded funds ranging from $25,000 up to $250,000 maximum depending on the proposed activities for each funding category. The application required partnerships with the governing body authorization (i.e., the City of Sanger) to establish new local commissions to improve representation and input on issues that impact women and girls.
A l
ocal advocate, Eve Castellanos, Ed.D., submitted an application on behalf of the City on February 04, 2022 and the City was advised that it was awarded the grant funds on March 15, 2022.
On M
ay 19, 2022, the City accepted grant funds in the amount of $25,000 as a resource to establish a local Commission on the Status of Women, to provide for recruitment, marketing, and development of the Board. Development activities would include implementation of activities (e.g., stakeholder interviews, focus groups, and surveys) to determine what the priorities for this Board should be based on the needs of women and girls in Sanger. The purpose of this commission is act in an advisory capacity to the Sanger City Council.
REAS
ON FOR RECOMMENDATION:
To prov
ide proper advocacy and representation of young women on issues that impact women and girls.
FI
SCAL IMPACT:
None
.
ALT
ERNATIVES:
Do not
amend the local Commission on the Status of Women and Girls.
ACTI
ONS FOLLOWING APPROVAL:
232
RESOLUTION NO. 2022-93
A RE
SOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANGER
AM
ENDING THE CITY OF SANGER’S LOCAL COMMISSION ON THE
STATUS OF WOMEN AND GIRLS
WH
EREAS, on January 10, 2022, the California Commission on the Status of Women and Girls released its grant application for the 2022 CCSWG Women’s Recovery Response Grant Funding Opportunity; and
WH
EREAS, on March 15, 2022, the City was awarded grant funds in the amount of $25,000; and
WH
EREAS, on May 19, 2022, the City of Sanger established a local Commission on the Status of Women and Girls (Resolution No. 2022-46) to act in an advisory capacity to the City Council and advocate for women and girls based on gender in the areas of housing, economic development, employment, education, community services, and related fields; and WH
EREAS, the City desires to amend the C ommission to : 1) increase the number of commissioners from five to six; 2) establish that one member be a woman between the ages of 16 and 24, and attending high school, college or university; and 3) change the name from “Commission on the Status of Women and Girls” to “Commission to Advance the Status of Women and Girls”.
NOW
, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANGER
HEREBY RESOLVES AS FOLLOWS:
Se
ction 1. The above recitals are true and correct and are incorporated herein by this reference.
Sect
ion 2. The City of Sanger amends the local Commission on the Status of Women and Girls as described in Exhibit “A”.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
The foregoing Resolution was considered by the City Council of the City of Sanger at a regular meeting of said Council held on the 3 rd day of November 2022 and adopted by the following vote:
AYES
: COUNCILMEMBERS:
NOES: COUNCILMEMBERS:
ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBERS:
ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBERS:
ATTES
T:
Reb eca P. Ramirez, City Clerk
233
EXHIBIT “A”
1 COMMISSION TO ADVANCE THE STATUS OF WOMEN AND GIRLS
I. Declaration.
The purpose of the Commission to Advance the Status of Women and Girls (Commission) is to serve in an advisory capacity to the Sanger City Council and to advocate for women and girls based on gender in the areas of housing, economic development (particularly as it pertains to statewide recovery response from the adverse impacts of the pandemic due t o COVID-19), employment, education, community services, and related fields.
II. Membership.
A.
Number of Commissioners.
The Commission shall be comprised of six members. Four members shall be residents of the four Council Districts, and two members shall be residents of the City (at large).
One at-large member shall be a woman between the ages of 16 and 24, attending high school, college, or university.
B. Appointment.
The Mayor will seek nominations for appointments from each Council Member and the Mayor may make direct appointments for the at -large seats for consideration by the Council. The Mayor is not required to appoint the person nominated by a Council Member. If so, the Mayor will seek another nominee from that Council Member. The Mayor will submit appointees to the City Council for consideration. The City Council is authorized to approve or reject any appointment made by the Mayor.
Council approval of any appointment shall be made by resolution adopted by three votes of the City Council. The appointment shall be for the remainder of an unexpired term or for a new term.
Upon the City Council’s determination not to approve a Mayor’s appointee, the Mayor shall proceed to seek another nominee, make another appointment, and submit the appointee to the City Council for consideration and approval as set forth in this section.
III. Term.
Each Commissioner shall serve a term of four years for Commissioners repres enting Districts and two years for Commissioners appointed at large. Terms shall be consistent 234
EXHIBIT “A”
2 with the term of a Council Member or Mayor . In other words, when a Council Member’s term lapses, the term of the Commissioner from that District will lapse also.
Likewise, when the Mayor’s terms lapses, the term of the at -large Commissioners will also lapse. This will provide for staggered terms of Commissioners consistent with terms of the Mayor and Council Members. No member shall be eligible to serve on such Commission for more than three consecutive terms in addition to any portion of any unexpired term which may have been served.
IV. Vacancy.
A vacancy shall exist and shall be reported to the City Clerk whenever a Commissioner fails to attend more than three consecutive regular meetings of the Commission without good cause entered into its minutes. Allowances may be made for long-term illness and personal emergencies. Commissioners must contact the City Clerk not later than 48 hours after the meeting for the absence to be excused.
V. Organization.
The Commission shall prepare rules and regulations (bylaws) for the conduct of its meetings and, after approval of the City Council , such rules shall govern the Commission.
VI. Powers and Duties.
The powers and duties of the Commission shall be as follows:
1) To research and advise by means of meetings, conferences or public hearings, conditions which demonstrate discrimination, bias, marginalization, or prejudice because of gender.
2) To prepare and disseminate information in the field of gender discrimination and prejudice and to advise and counsel the residents of Sanger. 3) To advise departments and agencies of the County, state, and federal government on matters involving the needs of women and relating to discrimination, bias, and prejudice on account of gender.
4) To research and recommend necessary procedures, programs, or polices in reports to the Sanger City Council to promote and ensure equal rights, equity, and opportunities for all women.
5) To act as an information agency informing women on all matters within the appropriate scope of the Commission.
235
Prepared by: Joshua Rogers___ Approved by: ________________________ 01236.0105/831146.1
REVIEW: City Manager: ______ Finance: _______ City Attorney: ______ TYPE OF ITEM: COUNCIL ACTION: APPROVED DENIED NO ACTION ____ Consent
____ Info Item
_X__ Action Item
_X__ Department Report
____ Redevelopment Agency
____ Public Hearing
____ Matter Initiated by a Council Member
____ O ther
____ Continued to: __________
For the Meeting of: November 3, 2022
Agenda Item No.: G-2
CITY OF SANGER
REPORT TO THE CITY COUNCIL
To: Mayor and City Council
From: Joshua Rogers, City Engineer
Subject: Approval of Final Map , Agreements and Cov enants for Tract No. 5826 – Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826
Attachments:
1. Resolution No. 2022-94 and Exhibits Listed Hereunder A. Final Map
B. Subdivision Agreement
C. Improvement and Credit/Reimbursement Agreement
D. Statement of Covenants Acknowledging Right to Farm Law E. Covenant for Landscape and Lighting District
F. Covenant for Community Facilities District
G. Basin Covenant
H. Temporary Lift Station Covenant
I. Agreement for Common Use of Easements
CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
None known.
RECOMMENDATION:
Staff
recommends that the City Council adopt Resolution No. 2022-94, approving:
1. The F
inal Map for Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826;
2. The Subdivision Agreement for Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826;
3. The Improvement and Credit/Reimbursement Agreement, D.R. Horton CA3, Inc., for Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826;
4. Statement of Covenants Affecting Land Development Acknowledging Right to Farm Law for the Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826; 236
01236.0105/831146.1
5. Cove
nant Regarding Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826 “Sanger Landscape and Lighting District No. 2”;
6. Covenant Regarding Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826 “Community Facilities District No. 2005-01”;
7. Basin Covenant Affecting Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826;
8. Temporary Sewer Lift Station Covenant Affecting Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826; and
9. Agreement for Common Use of Easements.
EXE
CUTIVE SUMMARY:
D.R. Horton CA3, Inc. (“Developer”), has submitted a final map for Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826 consisting of 71 single- family residential lots , an outlot for a public park, and an outlot for fur ther future subdivision in the southwest quadrant of the City at the southwest intersection of North and Greenwood Avenues . In addition to submission of the f inal map, Developer has executed the requi red Subdivision A greement, Improvement and Credit/Reimbursement Agreement, and all other required documents as required by the Conditions of A pproval. The City Engineer, City Surveyor, and City Staff have reviewed the final map and deemed it to be technically corr ect and in compliance with the approved tentative map. Staff recommends approval of the final map and all associated agreements and documents so that the development may continue to progress to completion.
BACKG
ROUND:
In 2007, t
he Planning Commission and City Council approved V esting Tentative Tract M ap No. 5826 submitted by a previous prospective developer for property located at the southwest corner of North and Greenwood Ave nues in the southwest quadrant of the City . The t entative map consisted of property designated for single -family residential use, specifically 143 single-family residential lots and one outlot for the dedicati on and development of a 1.33- acre public park. In addition to the t entative map, the Council approved a conditional use permit (“CUP”) for a pla nned unit development (“PUD”) in order to allow smaller lots than typically allowed by the Zoning Code, along with a n annexation of the property into the City.
The or
iginal approvals occurred near the end of the housing boom, and years passed with no development progress. By 2019, the prior developer was no longer involved, and D.R. Horton CA3, Inc. (“Developer”) had begun efforts to develop the property. While the tentative map had remained active due to multiple approved extensions, the CUP had expired, and therefore the Develop er needed to subm it an application for a new CU P. T his was approved as CUP No. 2019-01. Prior to expiration of the t entative map, the Developer submitted a f inal map package in accordance with Section 62- 91 of the Sanger Municipal Code. T he final map was submitted as the first subdivision phase of the tentative map, consisting of 71 single-family residential lots , Outlot A for public park purposes and Outlot B for future subdivision in subsequent phases. The Developer also submit ted all improvement plans as required by the conditions of approval (“Conditions”) for the Project. Since all required i mprovements have not been completed prior to the approval of the final map, a subdivision agreement (“Agreement”) is required between the City and Developer in accordance with Section 62- 177 of the Sanger Munic ipal C ode. T he Develo per has executed the Agreement ( included as an attachment to the adopting resolution) and has provided the required subdivision securities to cover 100% of the cost of all subdivision improvements for faithful performance and 50% of the cost of all subdivision improve ments for payment to contractors and material suppliers. The Developer has also provided copies of the appropriate insurance certificates as required by the Agreement.
237
01236.0105/831146.1
In a
ddition to the typical subdivision improvements needed to provide supporting infrastructure to the new housing lots, the Conditions required the construction of offsite sewer improvements in conformance to the adopted Sani tary Se wer Master Plan (“ Sewer Conditions”). Specifically, the S ewer Conditions included the construction of a 24” sewer main in Muscat Avenue al ignment between Greenwood and Academy Avenues and the construction of a sewer lift station at the intersection of Aca demy and Muscat Avenues. These improvements are planned to serve not only the proposed project, but to provide capacity for future development in the southwest, west, northwest and north areas of the Spher e of Influence. As such, and i n accordance with Section 50-29 of the Sang er Municipal Code, the Developer is eligible for development impact fee credits and/or reimbursement for costs be yond their fair share. An Improvement and Credit/Reimbursement Agreement (“Reimbursement Agreement”) has been prepared by the C ity and executed by the D eveloper and is attached herein. T he Reimbursement Agreement contemplates that the Developer is eligible for more than $3.2 million from future development impact fees upon completion of all improvements and acceptance by the City.
Due
to the time needed to construct the ultimate offsite sewer improvements, the Developer has requested that the C ity authorize the use of temporary sewer improvements including a privately owned and maintained sewer lift station, to direct wastewater flows to the North Avenue sewer trunk main until the Sewer Conditions have been satisfied. T he Agreement has been drawn up to include the allowance for these temporary facilities to serve a maximum of 32 units while the major facilities are completed . I n order to make this accomm odation for the D eveloper, the Agreement requires additional subdivision security as follows:
1. Addi
tional Performance Bond in the amount of 100% of the estimated cost to construct the offsite sewer improvements;
2. Additi onal Labor and Materials Bond in the amount of 50% of the estimated cost to construct the offsite sewer improvements.
Becaus
e the Developer is proposing a temporary sewer l ift station which is to be privately ow ned and maintained, the Developer has executed a Temporary L ift Station Covenant, which outlines the requirements of the Developer with respect to this temporary facility and requires its prompt abandonment and removal at such time as the permanent facilities have been completed. This Temporary L ift Station Covenant is attached to the adopting resolution.
In ge
neral, the Conditions require the completion of all supporting infrastructure improvements including water and sewer pipelines and services , storm drainage pipelines and structures, roadway c urbs, gutters, sidewalks, ramps, paving, streetlights and landscaping. The 1.33 public park will be de dicated to the City with the f inal map and improve d by the Developer with landscaping, irrigation, benches, lighting, sidewalks, drinking fountain and tot lot prior to occupancy of the 20th dwelling unit . All other improvements are to be com pleted within 12 months of approval of the Agreement. The Conditions also require the annexation of the property to the L andscape and L ighting Maintenance District an d Community Facilities District. T hese processes wer e initiated at the meeting o f October 20, 2022, and final annexation is pl anned to follow the scheduled public hearing of December 15, 2022. Per the Conditions, the f inal map cannot be recorded until th ese annexations have been completed. Additiona l covenants are also required to ack nowledge the Right to Farm L aw and to address the requirements associated with the temporary storm drain basin planned for the property until the master-planned offsite drainage basin has been completed.
An
existing private irrigation p ipeline known as the Winery Lateral Pipeline runs through the property along North Avenue and has been required for replacement and relocation by the Developer. 238
01236.0105/831146.1
Consol
idated Irrigation Di strict (“CID”) has required the dedication of a pipeline easement by t he Developer for the continued rights of access, maintenance and operation of this pipeline and this easement has been d edicated by the Developer and is reflected on the Final Map. The City desires to have cert ain pedestrian and la ndscape i mprovements constructed within this pipeline easement adjacen t to North Avenue for use by the public and have rights to said improvements provided for through l andscape and pedestrian easements in favor of the City. Due to the overlap of the pipeline easement and pedestrian and landscape easements on the Final Map, it is desired to have an Agreement for Common Use of Easements between City and CID to outline the respective requirements of each party. This document ha s been negotiated between City and CID and is attached to the authorizing resolution.
All ap
plicable documents have been signed by the Developer. Staff has reviewed all documents , deemed them technically correct, and hereby recommends approval by the City Council.
REASON FOR RECOMMENDATION:
Sa
nger Municipal Code Section 62- 97 states that the City Council “ shall approve the final map if it conforms to all the requirements of this chapter and the map act applicable at the time of approval or conditional approval of the tentative map and any rulings made thereunder, or, if it does not so conform, disapprove the map.” It is Staff’s opinion that the Developer has complied with all necessary requirements and project Conditions and therefore recommends approval as stated herein.
FIS
CAL IMPACT:
The D
eveloper has paid all f ees and submitted all deposits required for approval of the F inal Map and plans, and has agreed to pay for ongoing public works and building inspe ctions through the remainder of the project. Development impact fees due for each residential unit constructed will be collected at the date of final inspecti on or issuance of certificate of occupancy for that unit, whichever occu rs first, in accordance with Government Code 66007. Since Tract No. 5826 was approved as a Vesting Tentative Map, development impact fees will be paid at the rate in effect at the time of app roval (June 2005).
Exhibit C to the Impact and Credit /Reimbursement Agreement shows the impact fee payments, anticipated credits and reimbursements.
ACTI
ONS FOLLOWING APPROVAL:
Ci
ty Staff will execute the map as delineated thereon and prepare supporting documentation for delivery to the County Recorder. The package will not be de livered until the LLMD and CFD an nexations are completed. On ce completed an d recorded, Staf f wil l monitor the progress of completion of all improvements and s atisfaction of the project Conditions and, once all are satisfied, make a recommendation for final acceptance of the subdivision improvements and release of the subdivision securities.
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01236.0105/831146.1
ATTACHMENT 1
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01236.0105/831126.1
RESOLUTION NO. 2022-94
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANGER
APPROVING THE FINAL MAP, SUBDI VISION AGREEMENT,
IMPROVEMENT AND CREDIT/REIMBURSEMENT AGREEMENT AND
CO
VENANTS FOR TRACT NO. 5826, PHASE 1 OF TRACT NO. 5826
AND AGREEMENT FOR COMMON USE OF EASEMENTS WITH
CO
NSOLIDATED IRRIGATION DISTRICT
WHERE
AS, on June 7, 2007 the Sanger City Council adopted Resolutions 3965, 3966 and 3967 approving a CEQA Negative Declaration, Conditional Use Permit No. 06-06, Vesting Tentative Tract Map No. 5826 (“Tentative Map”) and Annexation No. 06-03 to the Fresno Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCo), respectively; and
WH
EREAS, these approvals authorized t he development of a proposed 143- lot single- family residential subdivision at the southwest corner of North and Greenwood Avenues, subject to the conditions of approval (“Conditions”) included within Resolution No. 3966; and WHE
REAS, D.R. Horton CA3, Inc., a Delaware Co rporation, subsequently acquired the property in question and is currently the owner of the prope rty proposed for subdivision (“Developer”); and
WH
EREAS, prior to the expiration of the Ten tative Map, but subsequent to the expiration of Conditional Use Permit No. 06-03, Developer filed for, and was granted by the City of Sanger (“City”) Planning Commission under Pla nning Commission Resolution No. 2019-03, Conditional Use Permit No. 2019- 01, allowing a Planned Unit Development under Sections 90- 1014 through 90-1017 of the San ger Municipal Code to allow lot a reas and widths less than the minimums typically allowed in the R-1-6 Zone District; and WH
EREAS, prior to the expiration of the Ten tative Map, Developer filed a Final Map for Tract 5826, Phase 1 of T ract No. 5826, consisting of 71 single family residential lots, Outlot A for Public Park Purposes and Outlot B for future subdivision purposes, in accordance with Section 62-91 of the Sanger Municipal Code; and
WH
EREAS, the Fi nal Map an d Improvement Plans have be en deemed technically correct by the City Engineer; and
WH
EREAS, the Conditions for the project require certain improvements, covenants and annexations prior to the approval of the Final Map, and certain of said improvements are el igible for fee credits and reimbursements under Sanger Municipal C ode Chapter 50, Article II, “Developmental Impact Fees”; and
WHEREAS
, City and Developer wish to enter in to a Subdivision Agreement in accordance with Sanger Municipal Code S ection 62-177, a s well as a Credit/Reimbursement Agreement in accordance with Sanger Municipal Code Section 50-29; and 241
01236.0105/831126.1
WHEREAS, Developer has submitted to C ity executed copies of the following covenants which are necessary to satisfy the Conditions for the Project:
1. Statement of Covenants Affecting Land Development Acknowledging Right to Farm Law for the Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826;
2. Declaration of Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions and Establishment of Easements of Serenade;
3. Covenant Regarding Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826 “Sanger Landscape and Lighting District No. 2”;
4. Covenant Regarding Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826 “Community Facilities District No. 2005-01”;
5. Basin Covenant Affect ing Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826.
6. Temporary Sewer Lift Station Covenant Affecting Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826; and
WHEREAS, Developer has al so submitted to City a draft of the Declaration of Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions and Establishment of Easements of Serenade (CC&Rs), which in relevant part m eet the requirements of City Council Resolution No. 3966 (setting conditions of approval for Conditional Use Permit No. 06- 06 and Vesting Tentative Tract Map No. 5826) as drafted and presented to the City:
WHEREAS, the Conditions for the project require the replacement and relocation of an existing private irrigation pipeline along North Avenue, known as the Winery Lateral Pipeline; and
WHEREAS, Consolidated Irrigat ion District (“ CID”) has required the dedication of a pipeline easement by Developer for the continued rights of access, maintenance and operation of this pipeline and said easement has been dedicated by the Developer and is reflected on the Final Map; and
WHEREAS, City desires to have certain pedestrian and landscape i mprovements constructed within this pipeline easement adjacen t to North Avenue for use by the public and have rights to said improvements provided for through l andscape and p edestrian easements in favor of the City; and
WHEREAS, the overlap of the pipe line easem ent and pedestrian and landscape easements as shown on the F inal Map necessitate an Agreement for Common Use of Easements between City and CID; and
WHEREAS, the City En gineer has revi ewed all provided documentation and recommends approval by the Sanger City Council.
NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Sanger does resolve as follows:
242
01236.0105/831126.1
1. The Final Map for Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826, attached hereto as Exhibit “A” to this Resolution, is approved.
2. The Subdivision Agreement for Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826, attached hereto as Exhibit “B” to this Resolution, is approved.
3. The Improvement and Credit/Reimbursement Agreement, D.R. Horton CA3, Inc., for Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826, attached hereto as Exhibit “C” to this Resolution, is approved.
4. The Statement of Covenants Affecting Land Development Acknowledging Right to Farm Law for the Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826, attached hereto as Exhibit “D” to this Resolution, is approved.
5. The Covenant Regarding Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826 “Sanger Landscape and Lighting District No. 2, attached hereto as Exhibit “E” to this Resolution, is approved.
6. The Covenant Regarding Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826 “Community Facilities District No. 2005-01, attached hereto as Exhibit “F” to this Resolution, is approved.
7. The Basin Covenant Affecting Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826, attached hereto as Exhibit “G” to this Resolution, is approved.
8. The Temporary Sewer Lift Station Covenant Affecting Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826, attached hereto as Exhibit “H” to this Resolution, is approved.
9. The Agreement for Common Use of Easements between CID and City, attached hereto as Exhibit “I” to this Resolution, is approved.
10. City Staff are authorized to execute the Final Map as described thereon, and the City Manager is authorized to sign all Agreements and Covenants on behalf of the City.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
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01236.0105/831126.1
The foregoing resolution wa s considered by the City Council of the City of Sanger at a regular meeting of said Council held on the 3 rd day of November, 2022, and adopted by the following vote:
AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS:
NOES: COUNCILMEMBERS:
ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBERS:
ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBERS:
Rebeca P. Ramirez, City Clerk
244
01236.0105/831126.1
EXHIBIT A
Final Map for Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826 245
FINAL MAP OF
RECORDER'S CERTIFICATE
NOTARY ACKNOWLEDGMENT
CITY ENGINEER'S STATEMENT
SURVEYOR'S STATEMENT
LEGAL DESCRIPTION
RECORD TITLE INTEREST STATEMENT
CITY CLERK'S CERTIFICATETHIS PROPERTY IS SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING
CITY SURVEYOR'S STATEMENT
DIRECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT SERVICES
STATEMENT
VICINITY MAP
NTS
S. DEL REY AVE
E. NORTH AVE
E. ANNADALE AVE
E. JENSEN AVE
E. CENTRAL AVE
ACADEMY AVE
S. GREENWOOD AVE
S. BETHEL AVE
N
TRACT 5826, PHASE I OF TRACT 5826
IN THE CITY OF SANGER
246
NORTH AVENUE
BETHEL AVENUE
GREENWOOD AVENUE
MUSCAT ALIGNMENT
N
FINAL MAP OF
BASIS OF BEARINGS
LEGEND
REFERENCES
TRACT 5826, PHASE I OF TRACT 5826
247
HEIDI AVENUE
CATHERINE AVENUE
HUNTER AVENUE
DIAMOND AVENUE
GEORGE AVENUE
COTTLE AVENUE
GEORGE AVENUE COTTLE AVENUE HAWLEY AVENUE
NORTH AVENUE
5 12
27 26
13 25
14 24
15 23
16 22
17 21
18 20
19 47
48 3338
3239
2942
3437
44 49
2843
36 35
51 62
65 61
66 60
67 59
68 69 70 7150
57 63
64 58
OUTLOT A
41 40
30 31
45 46 LIME
AVENUE
9 8
7 6
5 4
3 2
1 94
AVENUE
SEE SHEET 4
SEE SHEET 5
GREENWOOD
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
GEORGEAVENUE
1347
6 9
8 11
10 5654
52 53
55 OUTLOT B
13.03± AC
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 122232425
GEORGEAVENUE
2 N.A.P.
HEIDI AVENUE
DIAMOND AVENUE
RADIAL TABLE
RADIAL # DIRECTION
CURVE TABLE
CURVE # RADIUS DELTA LENGTH
N
FINAL MAP OF
LEGEND
DETAIL 'A'
1"=30'
SEE DETAIL 'B'
SEE DETAIL 'C'
DETAIL 'B'
1"=50'
DETAIL 'C'
1"=50'
59 5857
60 1
1918
TR. 5179
VOL. 71, PGS. 41-43,F.C.R.
TR. 5448, VOL. 76, PGS. 39-40, F.C.R.
NORTH AVENUE
GREENWOOD AVENUE
TRACT 5826, PHASE I OF TRACT 5826
REFERENCES
TR. 1989
VOL. 22, PG. 3,F.C.R.
SEE DETAIL 'A'
TR. 2506
VOL. 28, PG. 54,F.C.R.
THE REAL PROPERTY DESCRIBED
BELOW IS DEDICATED AS AN
EASEMENT FOR PUBLIC PURPOSES:
248
26 13
25 14
24 15
23 16
22 17
21 18
20 19
3140
2942
45 27
12 5
GREENWOOD AVENUE
HEIDI AVENUE
CATHERINE AVENUE
GEORGE AVENUE
COTTLE AVENUE
COTTLE AVENUE HAWLEY AVENUE
NORTH AVENUE
OUTLOT A
46 3140
45 Δ
Δ
Δ
Δ
Δ
Δ
Δ Δ
4344 28
1347
6 9
8 11
10 Δ
Δ
Δ
Δ
OUTLOT B
LINE TABLE
LINE # LENGTH DIRECTION
2 3041 N
FINAL MAP OF
SEE SHEET 5
SEE DETAIL 'A',
SHEET 3
THE REAL PROPERTY DESCRIBED BELOW IS
DEDICATED AS AN EASEMENT FOR PUBLIC PURPOSES:
THE REAL PROPERTY DESCRIBED BELOW IS
DEDICATED IN FEE FOR PUBLIC PURPOSES:
TRACT 5826, PHASE I OF TRACT 5826
REFERENCES
LEGEND
MONUMENT NOTE:
249
39 61
3338
32 3140
3437
48 65 66
62 5960
6867 69 70 71
51 47
50 63
49 57
64 36 35
58 HUNTER AVENUE
DIAMOND AVENUE
GEORGE AVENUE COTTLE AVENUE HAWLEY AVENUE
S GREENWOOD AVENUE
3041
3140
45 ΔΔ
Δ
Δ
ΔΔ
5654
52 53
55 Δ
Δ
Δ
Δ
46 Δ
OUTLOT A
GEORGE AVENUE
Δ OUTLOT B
N
FINAL MAP OF
LEGEND
SEE SHEET 4
THE REAL PROPERTY DESCRIBED
BELOW IS DEDICATED IN FEE FOR
PUBLIC PURPOSES:
TRACT 5826, PHASE I OF TRACT 5826
REFERENCES
MONUMENT NOTE:
THE REAL PROPERTY DESCRIBED BELOW IS
DEDICATED AS AN EASEMENT FOR PUBLIC
PURPOSES:
250
01236.0105/831126.1
EXHIBIT B
Subdivision Agreement for Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826 251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
01236.0105/831126.1
EXHIBIT C
Improvement and Credit/Reimbursement Agreement for Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
01236.0105/697714.6
EXHIBIT A
EXHIBIT “A”
LEGAL DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY
Real property in the City of Sanger, County of Fresno, State of California, described as follows:
LOTS 1 THROUGH 71, INCLUSIVE, AND OUTLOTS A & B OF THE FINAL MAP OF TRACT NO. 5826 ACCORDING TO THE MAP THEREOF RECORDED ON __________________, 2022 IN VOLUME ___ OF PLATS AT PAGE(S), FRESNO COUNTY RECORDS.
292
293
294
295
296
01236.0105/831126.1
EXHIBIT D
Statement of Covenants Affecting Land Development Acknowledging Right to Farm Law for the Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826 297
298
299
300
301
302
303
01236.0105/831126.1
EXHIBIT E
Covenant Regarding Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826 “Sanger Landscape and Lighting District No. 2 304
01236.0105/831126.1
EXHIBIT F
Covenant Regarding Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826 “Community Facilities District No. 2005-01 305
01236.0105/831126.1
EXHIBIT G
Basin Covenant Affecting Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826
306
01236.0105/831126.1
EXHIBIT H
Temporary Sewer Lift Station Covenant Affecting Land Development for the Final Map of Tract No. 5826, Phase 1 of Tract No. 5826
307
01236.0105/831126.1
EXHIBIT I
Agreement for Common Use of Easements
308
Prepared by: P. Chaffee Approved by: P. Chaffee
REVIEW: City Manager: ______ Finance: _______ City Attorney: ______ TYPE OF ITEM: COUNCIL ACTION: APPROVED DENIED NO ACTION ____ Consent
____ Info Item
X Action Item
X Department Report
____ Redevelopment Agency
__ _ Public Hearing
____ Matter Initiated by a Council Member
____ Other
____ Continued to: __________
For the Meeting of: November 3, 2022
Agenda Item No.: G-3
CITY OF SANGER
REPORT TO THE CITY COUNCIL
To: Mayor and Councilmembers
From: Patrick Chaffee, Administrative Services Director Subject: Updates to the 10-Year Capital Improvement Plan for Fiscal Year 2022-2023
Attachments:
• Resolution No. 2022-95
• 10-Year Capital Improvement Plan Including ARPA Funding • FY 2022/2023 Schedule of Budget Adjustments for Updates to Capital Improvement Plan
CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
None known.
RECOMMENDATION:
That the City Council adopt Resolution No. 2022-95 approving updates to the 10-Year Capital Improvement Plan for Fiscal Year 2022-2023 with use of ARPA funds , impact fees, and other funds, and amending the Fiscal Year 2022-2023 budget to reflect such updates.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
Submitted herewith is the Fiscal Year 20 22-2023 update to the Capital Improvement Plan as presented during the October 20, 2022 council meeting. The purpose of this report is threefold:
Informs the City Council and members of the public of major water, sewer, and park infrastructure needs required to service growth areas in the long-term and satisfy multiple council objectives. Allocates remaining ARPA funding, portions of Impact Fees, and other projected sources of funding to Water, Sewer, and a new 10-acre sports park according to council objectives. Re-directs funds assigned to Phase V of the Small business grants program out of ARPA to update the Parks and Recreation Master Plan and Downtown Improvements for the City.
309
Recommended budget updates additions were detailed on the attachment “FY 2022/2023 Updates to Capital Improvement Plan” as presented during council workshop item F-1 on October 20, 2022, and are attached to this report.
REASON FOR RECOMMENDATION:
To update the City’s Capital Improvement Plan.
FISCAL IMPACT:
Updates to the Capital Improvement Plan include utilizing new sources of funding for projects, assigning the second tranche of ARPA funds, and allocates unreserved balances from ARPA and water, sewer, and park Impact Fees.
ALTERNATIVES:
None.
ACTIONS FOLLOWING APPROVAL:
Upon City Council approval, staff will implement the budget adjustments approved by Council.
310
RESOLUTION NO. 2022-95
RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SANGER APPROVING UPDATES TO THE 10-YEAR CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PLAN FOR FISCAL YEAR 2022- 2023 WITH USE OF ARPA FUNDS, IMPACT FEES, AND OTHER FUNDS AND AMENDING THE FISCAL YEAR 2022-23 BUDGET TO REFLECT SUCH UPDATES
WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Sanger desires to update the 10-Year Capital Improvement Plan adopted on June 23, 2022; and
WHEREAS, on October 20, 2022, a Fiscal Year 2022-2023 update to the Capital Improvement Plan was presented during a City Council workshop under item F-1 of the agenda; and
WHEREAS, remaining American Rescue Plan Act funding, portions of impact fees, and other projected sources of funding for projects received and updated budget allocations in accordance with the October 20, 2022 workshop were presented at the October 20, 2022 meeting; and
WHEREAS, the City Council has considered this matter further at a City Council meeting held on November 3, 2022, wherein further information was provided by staff and Council heard from members of the public.
NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Sanger resolves as follows:
1. The foregoing recitals are true and correct and incorporated by reference.
2. The Capital Improvement Plan as described in Exhibit A is approved and incorporated by reference.
3. The Fiscal Year 2022-23 budget is hereby amended as set forth in the Schedule of Budget Adjustments described in Exhibit B and hereby incorporated by this reference.
4. This resolution is effective upon adoption.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
The foregoing resolution was considered by the City Council of the City of Sanger at a regular meeting of said Council held on the 3
rd of November 2022 and adopted by the following vote:
AYES: COUNCILMEMBERS:
NOES: COUNCILMEMBERS:
ABSTAIN: COUNCILMEMBERS:
ABSENT: COUNCILMEMBERS:
ATTEST:
_________________________________
Rebeca P. Ramirez, City Clerk
311
10-YEAR CAPITAL PLAN INCLUDING ARPA FUNDING
Project Estimated
Project Cost ARPA 4
DWR Drought
Relief Grant -
Round 1
DWR Drought
Relief Grant -
Round 2 14
DWSRF
Grant 5
DWSRF 0%
Loan Prop 68 Grant AB 74 (State
Budget) EDA Grant Water Impact
Fees 7
Water
Enterprise
Fund Balance
DBCP
Account
Parks Impact
Fee Balance 9
Somerset
Park DIFs 11
Somerset
Sewer DIFs 14 Delta
Well 16 1 985,000$ 860,000$ 125,000$ 0 -$
Well 19 2 4,080,000$ 550,000$ 300,000$ 3,230,000$ -$ Well 22 3 4,155,000$ 280,000$ 3,875,000$ -$
Tombstone Water Extension 3,000,000$ 2,000,000$ 1,000,000$ -$ Well 28 6
5,882,000$ 4,000,000$ 1,000,000$ 882,000$ - $ Somerset Park Land Acquisition 8 850,000$ 575,000$ 275,000$ -$ Somerset Park Development 10 2,000,000$ 2,000,000$ -$ Parks & Recreation Master Plan Update 115,000$ 115,000$ -$ Newmark Sewer Main - North to Muscat 12 1,200,000$ 1,200,000$ -$ Muscat Sewer Main - Greenwood to Bethel 13 1,200,000$ 1,200,000$ -$ California Quality Sewer Trunk Main 15
6,200,000$ 825,000$ (5,375,000)$
Available Funding Including Unreserved ARPA 4,291,616$ 3,875,000$ 5,000,000$ 300,000 $ 3,230,000$ 2,000,000$ 1,000,000$ 4,000,000$ 1,125,000$ 3,582,500$ 278,000$ 2,000,000$ 4,136,580$ Available from ARPA SBG5 16
150,000$
Remaining Balance 36,616$ -$ 5,000,000$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ 2,700,500$ 3,000$ -$ 2,936,580$ Notes:
1 Indicates Site Improvement Costs. Test Well and D&D are sunk costs from prior years 2 $550,000 of ARPA funding to cover Land Acquisition and Test Well, which will precede DWSRF funding agreement. Still assumes using Casing Hammer method due to DWSRF funding breakdown, and uses higher bid from Johnson Drilling. 3 $280,000 from ARPA to cover land acquisition costs.
4 Assumes $1,769,512 of original $6,061,128 already allocated to Assistance for Residential Utilities and Businesses and Employee Hazard Pay as well as Bad Debt Recovery in Sewer 5 Assumes $10,000 per connection at Tombstone and a total of 30 connections. 6 Cost estimate from AM Consulting's PER for EDA funding. 7 Water Impact Fee fund balance includes $1,000,000 payment from Pitman Farms towards water system improvements. 8 Assumes 10 acres dedicated by Developer with Final Map and City purchase at $75,000 per acre based on conversation with SJV Homes. 9 Fund balance for Parks & Recreation Area 3 based on 2021 AB 1600 report. 10 This is an assumed cost for full development of the park based on $250,000 per acre for highly developed park and $160,000 per acre for open green space. 11 Per verbal agreement, the developer would fund the full park development if the City purchases the land. 12 Assumes $350/lineal foot for pipeline and manhole installation and approximately $450,000 to reconstruct Newmark Avenue. 13 Assumes $450/lineal foot for pipeline and manhole installation. 14 Somerset Subdivision would owe on the order of $4.14 million in Sewer fees when all 490 lots are built out. 15 Assumes 12", 15" and 18" trunk main from SR 180/Academy to Quality/3rd Street at average of $300/lineal foot for pipeline and manhole installation and $200/lineal foot for roadway repaving.
With approximately $825,000, it is assumed that the pipeline could be installed in Quality Avenue to approximately the Florence Avenue alignment and that each additional 1/2 mile would cost around $1,300,000 16 Assumes $115,000 of remaining $150,000 of ARPA Small Business Grant Funding Round 5 is re-allocated to fund Parks and Master Plan Update
EXHIBIT A
312
FY 2022/2023 Schedule of Budget Adjustments for Updates to Capital Improvement Plan City of Sanger 11/3/2022
Project Source CIP Amount 2021-22 Final
Expense
2021-22 Balance
Carryover
2022-23 Adopted
Budget
Budget
Adjustment
Note
California Quality Sewer Trunk Main ARPA 825,000$ 825,000$ Muscat Sewer Main - Greenwood to Bethel Somerset Sewer DIFs 1,200,000$ 1,200,000$ Newmark Sewer Main - North to Muscat ARPA 1,200,000$ 1,200,000$ Parks & Recreation Master Plan and Downtown Improvements ARPA 150,000$ 150,000$ Somerset Park Development Somerset Park DIFs 2,000,000$ 2,000,000$ Somerset Park Land Acquisition ARPA 575,000$ 575,000$ Somerset Park Land Acquisition Parks Impact Fee Balance 275,000$ 275,000$ Tombstone Water Extension Prop 68 Grant/AB 74 3,000,000$ 66,850$ 2,400,000$ 533,150$ Partially Adopted in Budget Wells ARPA 1,690,000$ 54,328$ 376,691$ 649,900$ 1,362,463$ Partially Adopted in Budget Wells Water Impact Fees 1,125,000$ 1,125,000$
Wells DWSRF 0% Loan 3,230,000$ 3,230,000$
Wells DWSRF Grant 300,000$ 300,000$
Wells DWR Drought Relief Grant - Round 1 3,875,000$ 3,875,000$ -$ Adopted in Budget Wells DBCP Account 882,000$ 882,000$
Wells EDA Grant 4,000,000$ 4,000,000$
24,327,000$ 17,657,613$
Administrative Services Department
313