Resolution No. 25-9422 — City Council and Authorities Concurrent, March 11, 2025

Resolution/Annual Approval of Military Equipment Ordinance Page 1 of 2 Rev: 11/22/17
RESOLUTION NO. 25-9422

A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF SANTA CLARA, CALIFORNIA,

APPROVING THE ANNUAL MILITARY EQUIPMENT REPORT

AND APPROVING RENEWAL OF SANTA CLARA CITY CODE
SECTION 2.80.080 [“MILITARY EQUIPMENT POLICY”]
PURSUANT TO AB 481

WHEREAS, Santa Clara City Code Section 2.80.080 (“Military equipment policy”) was adopted in March 2022, approving the Military Equipment Policy, with the requisite findings and process, in accordance with AB 481;
WHEREAS, AB 481 requires the City Council to review its adopted military equipment ordinance annually and to vote on whether to renew the ordinance; WHEREAS, AB 481 requires, further, that in order to renew the Ordinance, the City Council must make a finding that, based on the information contained in the annual military equipment report (attached), each type of military equipment identified in that report has complied with specific standards for approval; and
WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Santa Clara, having received the information required by AB 481, deems it to be in the best interest of the City to approve the annual military equipment report and to renew the military equipment policy ordinance SCCC 2.80.080, as set forth below.

NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY OF SANTA CLARA AS FOLLOWS:

1. That the City Council hereby finds that the above Recitals are true and correct and by this reference makes them a part hereof.

2. That the annual military equipment report submitted to the City Council by the Santa Clara Police Department contains all information required by AB 481 and is hereby approved.

3. That, based on the annual military equipment report submitted by the Santa Clara Police Department, each type of military equipment identified in that report has complied with the following standards for approval:
//
a. The military equipment is necessary because there is no reasonable alternative that can achieve the same objective of officer and civilian safety. b. The military equipment use policy will safeguard the public's welfare, safety, civil rights, and civil liberties.
c. The equipment is reasonably cost effective compared to available alternatives that can achieve the same objective of officer and civilian safety. d. Prior military equipment use complied with the military equipment use policy that was in effect at the time, or if prior uses did not comply with the accompanying military equipment use policy, corrective action has been taken to remedy nonconforming uses and ensure future compliance.

4. That the procedural requirements of AB 481 have been satisfied.

5. That Santa Clara City Code Section 2.80.080 is hereby renewed.

6. Effective date. This resolution shall become effective immediately .

I HEREBY CERTIFY THE FOREGOING TO BE A TRUE COPY OF A RESOLUTION PASSED

AND ADOPTED BY THE CITY OF SANTA CLARA, CALIFORNIA, AT A REGULAR MEETING THEREOF HELD ON THE 11 TH DAY OF MARCH, 2025, BY THE FOLLOWING VOTE:

AYES: COUNCILORS:

NOES: COUNCILORS:

ABSENT: COUNCILORS:

ABSTAINED : COUNCILORS:

Attachments incorporated by reference:

1. Annual Military Equipment Report
Cox, Gonzalez, Hardy, Jain, and Park, and Mayor
Gillmor
None
Chahal
None
ATTEST~

NORA PIMENTEL, MMC

ASSISTANT CITY CLERK

CITY OF SANTA CLARA
Resolution/Annual Approval of Military Equipment Ordinance Rev: 11 /22/17

Page 2 of 2 ends

Santa Clara Police Department
Annual Military Equipment Use
Report
2024

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
1 Contents
Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 2 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 4 Definitions ....................................................................................................................... 5 Summary of Military Equipment Usages ......................................................................... 7 Fiscal Impact ................................................................................................................. 13 Fiscal Year (FY) 2024 ................................................................................................ 13 Fiscal Year (FY) 2023/24 ........................................................................................... 15 Projected Acquisitions ................................................................................................... 16 Training Costs ............................................................................................................... 17 Department Transparency ............................................................................................. 19 Community Complaints/Concerns/Comments ........................................................... 19 Response to Procedure Violations............................................................................. 20 Outreach and Community Engagement ........................................................................ 21 Internal Audits ............................................................................................................ 22 Summary of Military Equipment .................................................................................... 24 Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) ........................................................................... 25 Robots ....................................................................................................................... 28 Armored Vehicles ...................................................................................................... 30 Mobile Incident Command Vehicle (MIC) .................................................................. 31 Crisis Negotiation Team (CNT) Vehicle ..................................................................... 32 Crime Scene Investigation Team (CSI) Vehicle ......................................................... 33 40mm Launchers and Munitions ................................................................................ 34 Chemical Agent and Smoke Canisters ...................................................................... 36 Combined Tactical Systems LC5 Launching Cup ...................................................... 40 Diversionary Devices ................................................................................................. 42 Rifles and Munitions .................................................................................................. 45 Explosive Breaching Tools ........................................................................................ 55 PepperBall Launcher and Munitions .......................................................................... 58 Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 62

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
2 Executive Summary

On September 30, 2021, California Governor Gavin Newsom approved Assembly Bill 481, requiring law enforcement agencies to obtain approval from the applicable governing body (Mayor and City Council), by adoption of a military equipment use policy. The Santa Clara Police Department is required to seek City Council approval of their Military Equipment Use Policy at a regular open meeting prior to taking certain actions relating to the funding, acquisition, and use of military equipment.

Assembly Bill 481 allows the governing body to approve the funding, acquisition, and use of military equipment within its jurisdiction, only if it determines that the military equipment meets specified standards. The Military Equipment Use Policy is subject to City Council review to determine whether the standards set forth in Assembly Bill 481 have been met, based upon an Annual Military Equipment Use Report.

Finally, Assembly Bill 481 requires publication of the Military Equipment Use Policy and the Annual Military Equipment Use Report on the Department’s website.

Assembly Bill 481 California Government Code section 7072 states the following:

(a) A law enforcement agency that receives approval for a military equipment use policy pursuant to Section 7071 shall submit to the governing body an annual military equipment report for each type of military equipment approved by the governing body within one year of approval, and annually thereafter for as long as the military equipment is available for use. The law enforcement agency shall also make each annual military equipment report required by this section publicly available on its internet website for as long as the military equipment is available for use. The annual military equipment report shall, at a minimum, include the following information for the immediately preceding calendar year for each type of military equipment:

(1) A summary of how the military equipment was used and the purpose of its use.

(2) A summary of any complaints or concerns received concerning the military equipment.

(3) The results of any internal audits, any information about violations of the military equipment use policy, and any actions taken in response.

(4) The total annual cost for each type of military equipment, including acquisition, personnel, training, transportation, maintenance, storage, upgrade, and other ongoing costs, and from what source funds will be provided for the military equipment in the calendar year following submission of the annual military equipment report.

(5) The quantity possessed for each type of military equipment.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
3 (6) If the law enforcement agency intends to acquire additional military equipment in the next year, the quantity sought for each type of military equipment.

(b) Within 30 days of submitting and publicly releasing an annual military equipment report pursuant to this section, the law enforcement agency shall hold at least one well- publicized and conveniently located community engagement meeting, at which the general public may discuss and ask questions regarding the annual military equipment report and the law enforcement agency’s funding, acquisition, or use of military equipment.

In addition to maintaining the highest levels of public safety, The Santa Clara Police Department is committed to transparency, public trust, community partnerships, and compliance with the law. As such, the Department has authored the following Annual Military Equipment Use Report in accordance with annual reporting requirements set forth in California Government Code section 7072.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
4 Introduction

The Santa Clara Police Department possesses and employs a wide variety of military equipment to assist in safely achieving the furtherance of its mission statement to “work in partnership with the Community to protect life and property, solve neighborhood problems, and enhance the quality of life in our City.” While the inventory of military equipment varies, the mere possession of the equipment does not warrant its use for every incident.

The Santa Clara Police Department recognizes that critical incidents are unpredictable and can be very dynamic in nature. A variety of equipment options can greatly assist incident commanders, officers, and specific units in bringing those incidents to a swift resolution, in a safe manner. The use of military equipment is restricted to certain instances and in some cases only by certain units. The use of the Department’s military equipment is continuously evaluated and the use of such equipment by department personnel is influenced by the totality of the circumstances, public safety, officer safety, civil rights, State law, and information available at the time of use.

It is incumbent upon incident commanders, supervisors, individual officers, and specific units to recognize the particular circumstances wherein military equipment should be employed to enhance the safety of the public and officers, and to bring a critical incident to a safe resolution.

It should be noted that all categories of military equipment outlined in this report, with the exception of Unmanned Aircraft Systems, were already in use for the Santa Clara Police Department prior to Assembly Bill 481 reporting requirements. This Annual Military Equipment Use Report outlines a summary of military equipment usage guidelines, inventory, fiscal impact, complaints, and reported concerns from January 1st, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
5 Definitions

Pursuant to California Assembly Bill 481
, the following definitions are applicable only to
the Santa Clara Police Department’s current military equipment inventory and potential military equipment acquisitions for operational needs. For a more detailed list of “military equipment” definitions, refer to California Government Code sections 7070(c)(1) through (16).

“Governing body” means the Santa Clara City Council and Mayor.

“Military equipment” means any wide variety of items as defined by California Government Code section 7070, subsections (c)(1) through (c)(16) to include:

1. Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS): An unmanned aircraft along with the associated equipment to control it remotely.

2. Robots: A remotely controlled unmanned machine that operates on the ground, which is utilized to enhance the safety of the community and officers.

3. Armored Vehicles: Commercially produced wheeled armored personnel vehicle utilized for law enforcement purposes.

4. Mobile Incident Command Vehicle (MIC): A vehicle used as a mobile office that provides shelter, access to Department computer systems, and restroom facilities during extended events.

5. Crisis Negotiation Team (CNT) Vehicle: A vehicle used as a mobile office that provides shelter, access to Department computer systems, and meeting space on extended events.

6. 40mm Launchers and Munitions: 40mm Launchers are utilized by department personnel as a less lethal tool to launch impact rounds.

7. Diversionary Devices: A device used to distract dangerous persons.

8. Rifles and Munitions: Guns that are fired from shoulder level, having a longer, grooved barrel intended to make bullets spin and thereby have greater accuracy over a long distance.

9. Chemical Agent and Smoke Canisters: Canisters that contain chemical agents that are released when deployed.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
6 10. Explosive Breaching Tools: Equipment used to provide an explosive charge to safely gain entry into structures during high-risk operations.

11. PepperBall Launchers and Projectiles: A device that discharges PAVA powder projectiles.

12. “Military equipment” does not include general equipment not designated as prohibited or controlled by the federal Defense Logistics Agency.

“Military Equipment Use Policy” refers to Santa Clara Police Department General Order 706 and means a publicly released, written document governing the use of military equipment by the Department that addresses, at a minimum, all of the following:

1. A description of each type of military equipment, the quantity sought, its capabilities, expected lifespan, and product descriptions from the manufacturer of the military equipment.

2. The purposes and authorized uses for which the Department proposes to use each type of military equipment.

3. The fiscal impact of each type of military equipment, including the initial costs of obtaining the equipment and estimated annual costs of maintaining the equipment.

4. The legal and procedural rules that govern each authorized use.

5. The training, including any course required by the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST), that must be completed before any sworn member is allowed to use each specific type of military equipment to ensure the full protection of the public’s welfare, safety, civil rights, and civil liberties and full adherence to the Military Equipment Use Policy.

6. The mechanisms to ensure compliance with the Military Equipment Use Policy, including which independent persons or entities have oversight authority, and, if applicable, what legally enforceable sanctions are put in place for violations of the policy.

7. The procedures by which members of the public may register complaints or concerns or submit questions about the use of each specific type of military equipment, and how the Department will ensure that each complaint, concern, or question receives a response in a timely manner.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
7 Summary of Military Equipment Usages

The City of Santa Clara is home to approximately 130,000 people. The volume of calls for service to which the Santa Clara Police Department responds to on an annual basis reflects a population of that size. In 2024, the Department responded to 53,860 calls requiring an officer response.

Among those calls for service, force was used one hundred and nine (109) times. Of the force options utilized, military equipment in the form of projectiles were only used during two (2) of those contacts. These statistics illustrate the relatively few instances (less than 0.2%) of force used by Santa Clara police officers in relation to overall contacts. Moreover, force used involving the use of military equipment is an even smaller subset of the overall force used during this time span.

While the Santa Clara Police Department’s inventory of military equipment is varied, the mere possession of the equipment does not warrant its use for every incident. The Santa Clara Police Department recognizes that critical incidents are unpredictable and can be very dynamic in nature. A variety of military equipment options can greatly assist incident commanders, officers, and specific units in bringing those incidents to a swift resolution in a safe manner. The use of military equipment is restricted for use only in certain instances and in some cases only by certain units.

This section outlines the military equipment usage from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024, unless otherwise noted. Certain items of military equipment, particularly consumables (ammunition, diversionary devices, pepper balls, chemical agents, etc.) are primarily used throughout the year on a regular basis for training to maintain proficiency. Training usage is not captured in this section. This section only provides data for the operational use of military equipment listed within this Annual Military Equipment Use Report.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
8 Category 1- Robot and Unmanned Aircraft

Robots
Robots were utilized a total of one (1) times from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024.
• Robots utilized by SRT – utilized one (1) time
o Was used during a SRT high risk search warrant to assist an outside agency.

Authorized usages:
• Support of SWAT and Patrol during high risk, tactical, or other public safety life preservation missions to include:
• Opening doors to clear buildings for public safety and life preservation missions. • Provide interior visual assessments of structures or outdoor areas to gain intelligence prior to officers entering a dwelling or contacting a potentially armed, or resistive subject that may be hiding).
• Delivery of items (i.e., CNT phone) during critical incidents to engage in de- escalation and/or crisis intervention techniques in attempt to resolve incidents peacefully.
• Support of EOD unit during tactical and life preservation missions by disrupting suspicious packages that pose a potential risk for the public.

Unauthorized usages:
• There have been zero (0) reported violations of the military equipment use policy from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024.

Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)
Unmanned Aircraft Systems were utilized for a total of 1034 flights from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024. Each time a UAS takes off and lands it is considered a separate flight. Many operations are longer in duration and can utilize multiple UAS at one time. This can often result in a single operation involving 10 or more separate flights. All flights are communicated on the department’s website on a monthly basis at
https://www.santaclaraca.gov/our-city/departments-g-z/police- department/community/unmanned-aircraft-system-deployment-summary

Authorized usages:
• Collection of evidence in the form of aerial photography/video in support of an investigation (i.e., shooting scenes, homicide scenes). • Support of SWAT and Patrol during high risk, tactical or other public safety life- preservation missions (i.e., interior visual assessments of structures or outdoor areas to gain intelligence prior to officers entering a dwelling or contacting a potentially armed, or resistive subject that may be hiding). • Conduct aerial searches for missing persons.
• Provide aerial observation to assist in managing natural disasters (i.e., fires, floods, storms).

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
9 Unauthorized usages:
• There have been zero (0) reported violations of the military equipment use policy from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024.

Category 2 & 3- Armored Rescue Vehicle

Armored Vehicles
The Armored Rescue Vehicle was utilized a total of fifty-two (52) times from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024. Of these deployments, three (3) were to assist an outside agency.

Authorized usages:
• Support of SWAT and Patrol (to include outside agencies) during critical incidents by providing greater safety to community members and officers beyond the protection level of a shield and/or personal body armor. • Deployed at large events with potential terrorism threats, including stadium events.

Unauthorized usages:
• There have been zero (0) reported violations of the military equipment use policy from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024.

Category 5- Command and Control Vehicles

Mobile Incident Command Vehicle, Crisis Negotiation Team Vehicle, and Crime Scene Investigation Vehicle
The Mobile Incident Vehicle (15), Crisis Negotiation Team Vehicle (1), and Crime Scene Investigation Vehicle (13) were utilized twenty-nine (29) times from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024.

Authorized usages:
• Utilized as command post for critical incidents during complex events. • Natural disasters (i.e., mutual aid for large scale fires or flooding). • Other large-scale events to provide high visibility and public safety.

Unauthorized usages:
• There have been zero (0) reported violations of the military equipment use policy from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
10 Category 7- Breaching Equipment

Explosive Breaching Tools
Explosive Breaching Tools were utilized zero (0) times between January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

Authorized usages:
• Safely enter a structure for public safety and life preservation missions (i.e., an explosive breach may be utilized to breach the front door of a residence in which a suspect armed with a handgun is or has been threatening another person).

Unauthorized usages:
• There have been zero (0) reported violations of the military equipment use policy from January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

Category 10- Rifles and Munitions

Rifles and Munitions
Rifles were utilized one (1) time between January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

Authorized usages:
• In accordance with California Penal Code section 835a and SCPD General Order 300 (Use of Force)

Unauthorized usages:
• There have been zero (0) reported violations of the military equipment use policy from January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

Category 12- Noise Flash Diversionary Devices, Tear Gas and Pepperball

Diversionary Devices
Diversionary Devices were utilized a total of six (6) times between January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

Authorized usages:
• Support SWAT during call outs and high-risk warrant services • Distract dangerous suspects during apprehensions
• Hostage rescue incidents
• High-risk room entries

Unauthorized usages:
• There have been zero (0) reported violations of the military equipment use policy from January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
11 Chemical Agents and Smoke Canisters
Chemical Agents and Smoke Canisters were utilized zero (0) times between January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.
• CS Canister/Grenade – utilized zero (0) times
• OC Canister/Grenade - utilized zero (0) times
• Smoke Canister/Grenade - utilized zero (0) times
• OC Fogger - utilized zero (0) times
• OC Stream - utilized zero (0) times

Authorized usages:
• Safely address an individual who displays self-destructive, dangerous, or combative behavior.
• During riot/crowd control and civil unrest incidents where the use of chemical agents is considered objectively reasonable to defend against a threat to life or serious bodily injury to any individual, including any peace officer, or to bring an objectively dangerous and unlawful situation safely and effectively under control (in compliance with Assembly Bill 48)
• Circumstances to gain a tactical advantage during critical incidents or high-risk entries where public safety and/or officer safety is at risk. • Potentially vicious animal (i.e., an aggressive animal trying to harm member(s) of the community or an officer).

Unauthorized usages:
• There have been zero (0) reported violations of the military equipment use policy from January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

PepperBall Launchers and Projectiles
PepperBall Launchers were utilized during zero (0) calls for service between January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

Authorized usage:
• Safely address an individual who displays self-destructive, dangerous, or combative behavior.
• Safely address an armed, or potentially armed, or violent individual. • During riot/crowd control and civil unrest incidents where the use is considered objectively reasonable to defend against a threat to life or serious bodily injury to any individual, including any peace officer, or to bring an objectively dangerous and unlawful situation safely and effectively under control (in compliance with Assembly Bill 48).
• Circumstances to gain a tactical advantage during critical incidents or high-risk entries where public safety and/or officer safety is at risk (i.e., deploying into a structure/vehicle where a barricaded subject is with the result being a peaceful surrender).
• Potentially vicious animal (i.e., an aggressive animal trying to harm member(s) of the community or an officer).

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
12 Unauthorized usages:
• There have been zero (0) reported violations of the military equipment use policy from January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

Category 14- 40mm Launchers and Munitions

40mm Launchers and Munitions
The 40mm Launcher was utilized during two (2) calls for service between January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.
• 40mm Impact related rounds – utilized during two (2) calls for service • 40mm OC related rounds – utilized during zero (0) calls for service • 40mm related CS related rounds – utilized zero (0) times

Authorized usages:
• Safely address an individual who displays self-destructive, dangerous, or combative behavior.
• Safely address an armed, or potentially armed, or violent individual. • During riot/crowd control and civil unrest incidents where the use of the 40mm is considered objectively reasonable to defend against a threat to life or serious bodily injury to any individual, including any peace officer, or to bring an objectively dangerous and unlawful situation safely and effectively under control (in compliance with Assembly Bill 48).
• Circumstances to gain a tactical advantage during critical incidents or high-risk entries where public safety and/or officer safety is at risk. (i.e., breaking out a vehicle window to get an unobstructed view of an armed barricaded individual). • Potentially vicious animal (i.e., an aggressive animal trying to harm member(s) of the community or an officer).

Unauthorized usages:
• There have been zero (0) reported violations of the military equipment use policy from January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
13 Fiscal Impact

Fiscal Year (FY) 2024

July 2023 – June 2024

Currently the Santa Clara Police Department has an authorized workforce comprised of 153 full-time equivalent (FTE) sworn peace officer positions and 78 FTE professional staff positions. The department’s adopted budget for FY 2023/24 was approximately $86,688,554 approximately 85% of which is allocated for personnel expenses. The portion of the budget allocated for military equipment expenditures represents only a small fraction of the Department’s operating costs. However, the funds spent on military equipment are an integral part of providing the essential resources and material needed to keep the community and officers safe. The significance and enhanced capability that the current military equipment inventory provides is immense and cannot be understated from a public safety perspective.

The following outlines the fiscal impact of military equipment on the annual budget. As evidenced by the chart below and subsequent data tables, military equipment and related costs are nominal as compared to the overall Department budget. Cost breakdowns showcase the individual equipment prices per unit, combined with costs related to training, maintenance, upgrades, other ongoing costs, and source funding:

Santa Clara Police Department Budget FY 2023/24

85%

0.0016%
15%
Personnel Costs
Military Equipment Costs
All other operating costs
Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
14 Operating Budget Allocations

Category FY 2023/24 Amended Budget Budget Percentage
Personnel Costs $73,552,566 85%
Military Equipment Costs $142,350 0.0016%
All Other Operating Costs $12,972,538 15%
TOTAL $86,688,554 100.0%

Military Equipment Expenditures by Category and Projected Cost Fiscal Year 2024

Category Ongoing Annual
Cost/Maintenance
FY 2023/24
(approximate)
Projected Annual
Cost/Maintenance
FY 2024/25
(approximate)
Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS)
Maintenance
$18,900 $40,000
Robot Maintenance $250 $250
Armored Vehicles Maintenance $2,500 $2,500
Special Use Vehicles (SRT, CNT,
CSI)
$13,900 $13,900
40mm Launchers and Munitions $19,000 $19,000
Diversionary Devices $1,000 $1,000
Rifles and Munitions Maintenance $77,500 $77,500
Explosive Breaching Tools
Maintenance
$5,000 $5,000
PepperBall Launchers and
Projectiles Maintenance
$4,300 $4,300
TOTAL $142,350 $163,450

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
15 Fiscal Year (FY) 2024/25

Consumable Military Equipment Acquisitions FY 2024/25

Projected consumable military equipment acquisitions for FY 2024/25 are anticipated to be consistent with current replenishment schedules and quantities for consumables. A variety of commercial factors (i.e. supply and demand, inflation, supply chain issues etc.) may influence the fiscal impact of future military equipment acquisitions and ongoing military equipment consumables can vary according to inventory levels that fluctuate as a result of training, operational usage, or manufacturer recommended replacement guidelines.

Categories of consumable military equipment are listed below:
• Ammunition – all calibers
• Explosive Breaching Tools
• Chemical Agent and Smoke Canisters
• Specialty Munitions (40mm Munitions and Less Lethal Munitions) • Diversionary Devices
• PepperBall Projectiles

Funding for the majority of the consumable military equipment for FY 2024/25 is anticipated to be sourced from the existing police budget or through State or Federal grants for law enforcement equipment.

Non-Consumable Military Equipment Acquisitions FY 2024/25

Any unanticipated replacements of existing non- consumable military equipment for FY 2024/25 will be initiated on a case-by-case basis that is dependent on operational need, operational wear, or end of serviceable lifespan and will be consistent with the Council- approved policy for acquisitions of military equipment.

Categories of non-consumable military equipment are listed below:
• Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS)
• Robots
• Armored Vehicles
• Mobile Incident Command Vehicle (MIC)
• Crisis Negotiation Team (CNT) Vehicle
• 40mm Launchers
• Combined Systems LC5 Launching Cup
• Rifles
• PepperBall Launchers

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
16 Projected Acquisitions

In 2025, the Police Department anticipates the following changes to the military equipment inventory:
• Ammunition and other consumables (Category 10, 12 and 14) • Replacement of lost, damaged or malfunctioning equipment (e.g., warranty)

Local, State and Federal grant funding opportunities vary from year to year, often influenced by legislation and funding priorities. As new grant opportunities present themselves the Police Department will evaluate eligibility criteria, whether the opportunity aligns with organization’s mission and goals, funding amount meets identified needs, understand reporting requirements and expectations, and determine if the opportunity meets our organization’s objectives prior to submitting a grant application. In the normal course, the Police Department competes among fellow law enforcement agencies for grant funding. The likelihood of receiving grant funding, having it considered by Council and completing the procurement process within this calendar year is minimal, however, any funding awarded for the purchase of qualifying equipment would be included in the 2024 Annual Report.

At the writing of this report, the Police Department is also awaiting notification on grant applications and/or has received grant funding for the following military equipment:
• Specialized Vehicles - Special Response Team van and Hostage Negotiation Team mobile command center reduced to one vehicle with multiple functions, plus an equipment vehicle. Combination of grant funding (COP 22, $200,000) and equipment replacement funds ($290,000) to be utilized to fund this purchase.

This was just approved by City Council on 1/28/25 (Category 5). • Unmanned Aircraft - Application in the amount of $456,000 for Bay Area UASI Grant funding to purchase 4 tethered unmanned aircraft for mobile intelligence and surveillance tools as an emerging counter-terrorism tool and 1 mobile control center used to manage surveillance of high-risk areas, critical infrastructure, crowd monitoring and public events (Category 1)
• Lenco Armored Bearcat Medevac paid for with the Police Department’s Operating Budget ($491,998)
• Additional Drone funding is being sought, particularly for a DJI Matrice 350 model to enhance flight capabilities during inclement weather.

The remainder of non-consumable military equipment will consist of ongoing maintenance costs. Funding for the majority of non-consumable military equipment is anticipated to be sourced from the existing police budget.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
17 Training Costs

Calendar Year 2024 – Military Equipment Use Training Costs

The use of certain items of military equipment and related special tactics are perishable skills that require ongoing training to maintain proficiency. While the Department conducts constant training within its Training Division and within certain Specialized units (i.e. CNT, SWAT, Less-Lethal Cadre, etc) there is significant tactical insight and an enhanced skillset to be gained by participating in external training courses. These courses provide officers a curriculum and exercises designed to impart knowledge, skills, and enhanced capability. The courses attended by officers can vary year to year depending on operational need, trends, course and funding availability. Funding sources for training are sourced from the existing police budget State and Federal grants unless otherwise indicated.

The following are external training classes attended by Department members in 2024 and associated costs related to military equipment covered in the annual equipment report:

PepperBall Instructor/ Armorer Certification
Course Presenter: PepperBall
Course Content: This course certifies attendees as PepperBall instructors, allowing the attendee to design a course in a safe and effective use of the PepperBall system.

Cost: $549/officer (7 Officers - existing police budget)

Basic SWAT School
Course Presenter: Sacramento Police Department
Course Content: An 80-hour course designed to teach students the basics of being on a tactical unit.

Cost: $1272/officer (2 Officers - existing police budget)

Urban Sniper Response Tactics
Course Presenter: Bay Area Training and Exercise Program Course Content: This course prepares sniper teams for the challenges of conducting covert urban operations in their local environments.

Cost: $0 (4 Officers- Funded by Bay Area Urban Areas Security Initiative, BAUASI)

Less Lethal Instructor Course
Course Presenter: Southwestern Solutions
Course Content: This 30-hour Course focuses on teaching students the legal aspects, tools and techniques of mobile field force tactics.

Cost: $1200/Officer (1 Officer – existing police budget)

Drone Assessment and Response Tactics
Course Presenter: New Mexico Tech
Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
18 Course Content: This 24-hour Course provides training in the recognition and assessment of unmanned aircraft event for a potential threat.

Cost: $0/Officer (3 Officers- Funded by Department of Homeland Security)

MMBTH Breacher Certification
Course Presenter: Forced Entry Tactical Training
Course Content: This 40-hour Course encompasses the five most common breaching methods used in tactical fields: Manual, Mechanical, Ballistic, Thermal and Hydraulic.

Cost: $1585 (3 Officers – existing police budget)

Long Rifle Instructor
Course Presenter: Alameda County Sheriff’s Office
Course Content: This 40-hour Course trains students to provide long rifle training to their Officers.

Cost: $552 (1 Officer – existing police budget)

Explosive Handlers and Energetic Breaching Course
Course Presenter: Bay Area Training and Exercise Program Course Content: This course equips participants with the necessary knowledge and skills to handle explosives and conduct breach operations effectively.

Cost: $0 (4 Officers- Funded by Bay Area Urban Areas Security Initiative, BAUASI)

Chemical Agent Instructor Course
Course Presenter: Southwestern Solutions
Course Content: This course is POST approved to provide training in the use of kinetic energy projectiles and chemical agents in crowd control situations.

Cost: $1881 (4 Officers- Existing Police Budget)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
19 Department Transparency

Community Complaints/Concerns/Comments

In some instances, the application and use of military equipment may cause questions and/or concerns for members of the community. It is vitally important that the Department address questions from community members regarding the application and use of military equipment.

The Santa Clara Police Department is committed to full and fair investigations of community member complaints. As such, the Department has sound internal procedures for thorough and impartial investigations of community complaints.

Resolving complaints in a fair, impartial, and expeditious manner will ensure the consistent high level of integrity and efficiency maintained by the Santa Clara Police Department.

The following is a summary of formal investigations, including officer-involved shootings and the use of military equipment from January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

Complaints or Concerns:

The Santa Clara Police Department’s Professional Standards Unit conducted an inspection of all reported complaints and concerns from January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024. The results of the inspection found zero (0) complaints or concerns related to the use of military equipment.

Officer-Involved Shootings (OIS):

There was one (1) OIS incidents that occurred involving the use of military equipment from January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024.

In this incident an assault suspect armed himself with two kitchen knives when confronted by Officers. Despite multiple attempts to deescalate the situation, the suspect refused to comply and continued to approach Officers while armed. Multiple Officers deployed their Conducted Energy Devices (Commonly referred to as tasers), a 40mm rubber baton was also deployed but both forms of less lethal were ineffective and the subject continued to move towards Officers. At one point an Officer, armed with a rifle, fired a single round at the suspect. The round missed the suspect and at nearly the same time, another Officer was able to use his taser to effectively incapacitate the suspect.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
20 Response to Procedure Violations

California Assembly Bill 481, enacted California Government Code section 7072(a)(3), requires local law enforcement agencies to provide information regarding military equipment use procedure violations and responses to those violations. In accordance with the new law, the Santa Clara Police Department has actively tracked this information. From January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024, there have been zero (0) reported violations of the military equipment use policy.

Responses:

Not applicable.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
21 Outreach and Community Engagement

The Santa Clara Police Department is committed to improving the trust and confidence between the Department and the community it serves. As the Department strives to enhance community relationships and continues to be a progressive leader amongst law enforcement agencies nationwide, we want to ensure the public has access to the way its Police Department operates and engages with the public.

The Santa Clara Police Department regularly utilizes select military equipment, including UAS, Armored Vehicles, the Mobile Incident Command and Crisis Negotiation Team Vehicles, during outreach and community events, as a means of public awareness, transparency, and education. Military equipment may also be displayed during community events as a means of providing a safe environment for the public to enjoy all the great amenities the City of Santa Clara has to offer. Additionally, the department has a robust web and social media presence for two-way engagement with followers.

The Police Department held a public meeting on January 27 th, 2024 to give the
community a chance to provide input related to the purchase and use of military equipment . The public meeting included the Chief’s Advisory Committee (CAC), a local civilian sounding board on issues, matters and public policies which influence or impact the ongoing relationship between law enforcement and the community SCPD serves.

Comments and suggestions from the public and the CAC members included the following:

- CAC members emphasized calling out the original purchase date of the majority of equipment.
- Members would like attention brought to majority of perishable purchases result from use through training (versus in the field).
- Recommendation that social media and events be utilized to highlight equipment designated as military with an emphasis on the way it is used in our community. - Highlight what items are being replaced due to expiration/end of life.

Some of these items are already addressed in this report. In an effort to respond to these public comments and questions, the report has been updated and modified with the requested information.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
22 Internal Audits

California Assembly Bill 481, requires local law enforcement agencies to include the results of any internal audits or inspections conducted and any responsive actions in its annual military equipment use report. When an audit is conducted, inspectors shall refer to the department’s military equipment use policy for established guidelines regarding funding, acquisition, or use of military equipment.

The duty of auditing the Santa Clara Police Department’s military equipment use has been assigned to the Department’s Special Operations Division. This unit has developed a tracking and auditing process to ensure compliance, consistency, accountability, and transparency as outlined in SCPD General Order 706 (Military Equipment) which states the following:

SCPD General Order 706.3 Military Equipment Coordinator states:

Compliance

The Chief of Police should designate a member of this department to act as the military equipment coordinator. The responsibilities of the military equipment coordinator include but are not limited to:

(a) Acting as liaison to the governing body for matters related to the requirements of this policy.
(b) Identifying department equipment that qualifies as military equipment in the current possession of the Department, or the equipment the Department intends to acquire that requires approval by the governing body.
(c) Conducting an inventory of all military equipment at least annually. (d) Collaborating with any allied agency that may use military equipment within the jurisdiction of Santa Clara Police Department (Government Code § 7071). (e) Preparing for, scheduling, and coordinating the annual community engagement meeting to include:

1. Publicizing the details of the meeting.

2. Preparing for public questions regarding the department’s funding, acquisition, and use of equipment.
(f) Preparing the annual military equipment report for submission to the Chief of Police and ensuring that the report is made available on the department website (Government Code § 7072).
(g) Establishing the procedure for a person to register a complaint or concern, or how that person may submit a question about the use of a type of military equipment, and how the Department will respond in a timely manner.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
23 Internal Audit Results

The Military Equipment Coordinator conducted one audit related to department approved military equipment use from January 1, 2024 through December 31, 2024.

The detail and results are listed below:

AUDIT – The military equipment coordinator completed an audit of all departmental military equipment, with the assistance of subject matter experts responsible for or assigned to the equipment. The scope of the inspection was to ensure operational readiness of the designated equipment assigned to officers and sergeants and compliance with AB 481.

FINDINGS – The results of the audit are included within this annual report.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
24 Summary of Military Equipment

The inventory of military equipment, particularly consumable material (diversionary devices, various munitions, explosive breaching tools, chemical agent, and smoke canisters, etc.) fluctuates regularly. Fluctuation is based on a variety of factors, including but not limited to operational usage, operational deterioration, training, maintenance, and expiration and replenishment guidelines. The Santa Clara Police Department is committed to transparency in disclosing its military equipment inventory and related information to our community and elected officials in compliance with the law.

The following are the various types, descriptions, and guidelines for usage of military equipment currently employed by the Santa Clara Police Department.

(NOTE: The manufacturer descriptions and source photos contained within are referenced via publicly accessible website source citations unless otherwise stated. The website source citations utilized in this report are for equipment descriptive purposes only and are not an endorsement of a particular product or vendor by The City of Santa Clara or The Santa Clara Police Department. Additionally, the language used by the manufacturer to describe such equipment use is included in this report as required by California Government Code section 7070(d)(1), however, the descriptions may not align with the actual methods of use in accordance with Santa Clara Police Department Policy, as well as local, state, and federal law.)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
25 Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)

Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS): An unmanned aircraft system of any type that can sustain direct flight, whether remotely controlled or via pre-programing, and all the attached systems designed for gathering information via photography, recording, or any other means.

Capability: The Santa Clara Police Department uses Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) of varying sizes and capabilities to enhance public safety. The UAS can be deployed when its view would assist officers or incident commanders with the following situations, which include but are not limited to: major collision investigations, search for missing persons, natural disaster management, crime scene photography, SWAT, tactical or other public safety and life- preservation missions, and in response to specific requests from local, state, or federal fire authorities for fire response and/or prevention.

The UAS are used in compliance with all federal, state, and local laws.

Usage: It is the policy of the Santa Clara Police Department to utilize UAS only for official law enforcement purposes, and in a manner that respects the privacy of our community, pursuant to state and federal law. Additionally, only assigned operators who have completed the required training shall be permitted to operate any UAS during approved missions.

Legal and Procedural Rules: The use of this equipment shall comply with the authorizations and prohibitions set forth in SCPD General Order 606 (Unmanned Aircraft Systems), FAA Regulation
14 CFR Part 107 Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems,
the City of Santa Clara UAS policy, and Penal Code section 13652, initiated by California Assembly Bill 48. More information about the rules for public safety agencies can be found on the FAA website at https://www.faa.gov/uas/public_safety_gov/. The use of UAS is governed by federal, state, and local laws and regulations. The Federal Aviation Admiration (FAA) governs all aircraft rules and regulations, including those applicable to UAS, for flight within the US National Airspace.

Training Requirements: All department UAS operators are licensed by the Federal Aviation Administration for UAS operation after the completion of an 80-hour training course. In addition, each UAS operator must attend 40 hours of department training prior to the operational use of the UAS, followed by quarterly department UAS training.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
26 DJI Matrice 30T

Manufacturer: DJI

Manufacturer Description: The DJI Matrice 30T Combo w/ Care Enterprise is the DJI Enterprise flagship, weatherproof drone that fits in a backpack. It integrates multiple high- performance sensors into one single camera payload, is controlled with the DJI RC Plus Remote and runs on upgraded DJI Pilot 2 software, which significantly improves the flight experience. The powerful M30T offers the endurance and capability necessary for rugged professional use-cases. Additionally, its size makes it ideal for easy transportation and fast setup. The UAS also includes a 40mm 640x512 30fps thermal imaging camera.

DJI Mavic 2 Enterprise Advanced

Manufacturer: DJI

Manufacturer Description: Designed to capture accurate details, the Mavic 2 Enterprise Advanced is a highly versatile yet compact tool that features; high-resolution visual & thermal camera, 32x digital zoom, centimeter-level positioning, and RTK omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

QUANTITY
1 LIFESPAN
10 years

INITIAL COST
$13,999/unit

QUANTITY
4 LIFESPAN
10 years

INITIAL COST
$6,500/unit

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
27 Sky Hero Loki Mk2

QUANTITY 4

LIFESPAN 3-5 years

INITIAL COST $9,500/per pair

Manufacturer: Sky Hero

Manufacturer Description: The Loki Mk2 is the most incredible indoor small tactical UAV system in the world, fully purpose built for close quarter, under roof, tactical scouting missions. Operating in congested and dark environment, its purpose is to place a microphone and a camera practically anywhere to collect critical life-saving intelligence of immediate threats ahead of a team. It enables reliable and rapid situational awareness for precise decision making, while maximizing the team’s safety.

Yuneec H520

QUANTITY 1

LIFESPAN 3-5 years

INITIAL COST No cost, included
with robot

Manufacturer: Yuneec

Manufacturer Description: The H520E/520 is designed with the inspection industry in mind with six-rotor systems that allow for stable, precise flight, long focal-length lenses that allow the sUAS to fly at greater distance from an object and data storage that may be shared instantly from the ST16S/E Ground Station or delivered directly in 4K/2K/HD video or 20 Mp still images.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
28 Robots

Robots: A machine that operates on the ground that is capable of being controlled remotely as well as all the supporting or attached systems designed for gathering information through photographs, recordings, or by other means.

Capability: Robots can be used to provide protection from suspected and known explosive hazards. They are also used in tactical support of special operations and can be used to gain visual/audio data, deliver a Crisis Negotiation Team phone, open doors, and clear buildings.

Usage: Only assigned operators who have completed the required training shall be authorized to operate the Transcend Tactical Robot. Use is established by the Special Response Team Commander and or Incident Commander.

Legal and Procedural Rules: The use of this equipment shall comply with the authorizations and prohibitions set forth in SCPD General Order 404 (Special Response Team). It is the policy of the Santa Clara Police Department to utilize a robot only for official law enforcement purposes pursuant to state and federal law including the provisions of Penal Code section 13652, initiated by California Assembly Bill 48.

Training Requirements: Robot operators of the Transcend Tactical Robot shall receive department training in the safe handling of the robots and show competence in the operation of the equipment.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
29 Transcend Tactical Robot

QUANTITY 1
LIFESPAN 10-15 years
INITIAL COST $12,276/unit

Manufacturer: Transcend Robotics

Manufacturer Description: Double Patented Automatic Stair and Obstacle Climbing Chassis. No frustrating flipper controls: just move forward to climb stairs and obstacles.

Cameras: Drive Camera (Night Vision), Pan Tilt Zoom (25x zoom, 90/15 degree up/down tilt, auto infrared night vision), FLIR Thermal. ~ 3 hours constant driving. ~ 12 hours monitoring / intermittent driving. ~ 2,500 ft. LOS / ~500 ft. NLOS. 100+ lb. payload. Zero degree turning radius. Turns on carpet. Drives over clothes. Two Way Audio (Push to Talk). Key Ignition. Easy Battery Swapping (Robot & Controller). (Description Source: https://www.transcendrobotics.com/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
30 Armored Vehicles

Armored Vehicle: Commercially-produced, wheeled, armored personnel vehicle utilized for law enforcement purposes.

Capability: Armored vehicles are utilized in response to critical incidents to enhance officer and community safety, improve scene contamination and stabilization, and assist in resolving critical incidents.

Usage: The use of armored vehicles shall only be authorized by a watch commander or SWAT commander, based on the specific circumstances of a given critical incident.

Armored vehicles shall only be used by officers trained in their deployment and in a manner consistent with Department policy and training.

Legal Procedural Rules: The use of this equipment shall comply with the authorizations and prohibitions set forth in SCPD General Order 703 (Vehicle Use). It is the policy of the Santa Clara Police Department to utilize armored vehicles only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to state and federal law including the provisions of Penal Code section 13652, initiated by California Assembly Bill 48.

Training Requirements: All drivers/operators shall attend formalized instruction and be trained in vehicle operations and practical driving instruction.

Bearcat

Manufacturer: Lenco

Manufacturer Description: The Lenco BearCat is the standard tactical armored vehicle for special operations units within the US Law Enforcement community. The G2 has excellent on-road driving characteristics and maneuverability in tight urban settings. The large floor plan seats 10 – 12 fully equipped officers with a long list of tactical features only found on the Lenco BearCat line of armored SWAT vehicles for Police and Government.
(Description Source: https://www.lencoarmor.com/model/bearcat-g2-police- government/)

Q
UANTITY 1
LIFESPAN 20 years
INITIAL COST $309,000/unit

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
31 Mobile Incident Command Vehicle (MIC)

Mobile Incident Command Vehicle: A completely self-contained command post designed to provide shelter, access to department computers, and restroom facilities for extended events. This vehicle can also be used to facilitate pre-planned or significant events, which require on-site planning and incident command personnel.

Capability: As a mobile base of operation, this vehicle contains specialized command, control and communications equipment which can be used during a critical incident, large events, natural disasters, and community events.

Usage: The MIC is to be utilized for planned or unplanned events. Only officers trained in the deployment and operations of the MIC, in a manner consistent with Department policy and training, are authorized to operate it.

Legal and Procedural Rules: The use of this equipment shall comply with the authorizations and prohibitions set forth in SCPD General Order 703 (Vehicle Use). It is the policy of the Santa Clara Police Department to use the MIC only for official law enforcement purposes, and in accordance with California state law regarding the operation of motor vehicles as well as the provisions of Penal Code section 13652, initiated by California Assembly Bill 48
.

Training Requirements: The driver/operator shall receive training in the safe handling of the vehicle on a closed training course. Once the operator has shown competence in vehicle handling, the driver/operator will drive the vehicle throughout the city with an experienced driver.

Mobile Incident Command Vehicle (MIC)

Manufacturer: Freightliner M2

Manufacturer Description: The MIC is a Freightliner MT 45 vehicle with a custom-built chassis. Due to the vehicle’s custom features, an exact manufacturer’s description is unavailable. The company that custom-built the Freightliner went bankrupt in 2006. (Description Source unavailable due to customization)
Q
UANTITY 1

LIFESPAN

20 years (Expired)
INITIAL COST $162,000/unit
Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
32 Crisis Negotiation Team (CNT) Vehicle

Crisis Negotiation Team Vehicle: A completely self-contained command post designed to provide shelter, access to Department computers, and meeting rooms for extended events.

Capability: As a mobile base of operation, this vehicle contains specialized command and communications equipment which can be used during critical incident callouts where SWAT/CNT have been called.

Usage: The CNT vehicle may be used by officers and staff who have been properly trained in the safe handling of the vehicle. The driver of the vehicle shall have a valid California driver’s license.

Legal and Procedural Rules: The use of this equipment shall comply with the authorizations and prohibitions set forth in SCPD General Order 703 (Vehicle Use) and shall be in accordance with California state law regarding the operation of motor vehicles as well as the provisions of Penal Code section 13652, initiated by California Assembly
Bill 48.

Crisis Negotiation Team (CNT) Vehicle

Manufacturer: 1993 International Model 3800

Manufacturer Description: Purchased by the City of Santa Clara for the Library Department for use as a Bookmobile in 1993 for $165013. The vehicle was reassigned to the SCPD in 2006 and retrofitted with and HNT package for a cost of $13291.The CNT Vehicle was custom built for the SCPD from an International Model 3800 chassis. (Description Source unavailable due to customization)

Q
UANTITY 1
LIFESPAN 20 years (expired)
INITIAL COST (APPROXIMATE) 165,013
Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
33 Crime Scene Investigation Team (CSI) Vehicle

Crime Scene Investigation Team Vehicle: A completely self-contained command post designed to provide shelter and access to Department computers for extended events.

Capability: As a mobile base of operation, this vehicle contains specialized command and communications equipment which can be used during critical incident callouts or major investigations.

Usage: The CSI vehicle may be used by officers and staff who have been properly trained in the safe handling of the vehicle. The driver of the vehicle shall have a valid California driver’s license.

Crime Scene Investigation Team (CSI) Vehicle

Manufacturer: 2018 Ford E450 Cutaway Custom

Manufacturer Description: The CSI Vehicle was custom built for the SCPD from a Ford E450 chassis.
(Description Source unavailable due to customization)

Q
UANTITY 1
LIFESPAN 20 years
INITIAL COST (APPROXIMATE) $186,714/unit
Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
34 40mm Launchers and Munitions

40mm Launchers: A single-shot weapon launcher capable of firing an array of 40mm rounds.

Capability: 40mm launchers can fire a variety of ammunition with a maximum effective range of one hundred thirty-one feet (131 feet).

Usage: The use of the 40mm may be deployed to limit the escalation of conflict where employment of lethal force is prohibited or undesirable. The range of the weapon system helps to maintain space between officers and a suspect and reduce the immediacy of the threat, which is a principle of de-escalation. This system has additional uses which include but are not limited to self-destructive, dangerous, and/or combative individuals, riot/crowd control and in civil unrest incidents, circumstances where a tactical advantage can be obtained, against potentially-vicious animals, and in training exercises or displayed during community events.

Legal and Procedural Rules: The use of this equipment shall comply with the authorizations and prohibitions set forth in SCPD General Orders 300 (Use of Force) and 303 (Control Devices and Techniques). It is the policy of the Santa Clara Police Department to utilize 40mm munitions only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to state and federal law, including the provisions of Penal Code section 13652, initiated by California Assembly Bill 48
.

Training Requirements: Sworn members utilizing 40mm less lethal chemical agent or impact rounds are trained in their use by P.O.S.T.-certified less lethal and chemical agent instructors.

Penn Arms 40mm Launcher (GL 1-40-C)

Q
UANTITY 22
LIFESPAN Unknown
INITIAL COST $1075

Manufacturer: Penn Arms

Manufacturer Description: A cerakoted 40mm single-shot break-open frame launcher with a rifled barrel, collapsible stock, and combo rail. Features include: Double-action trigger, trigger lock push button and hammer lock safeties. (Description Source: https://www.combinedsystems.com/product/l140-3cer-cerakoted- single-launcher-collapsible-stock-combo-rail/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
35 Combined Tactical Systems 4557 - 40mm Foam Baton

Manufacturer: Combined Systems, Inc.

Manufacturer Description: The Model 4557 Sponge Baton is a spin-stabilized projectile delivering blunt trauma effect. Although it is extremely accurate and consistent, accuracy is dependent on the launcher, using open sights vs. an improved sight, environmental conditions, and the operator. Effectiveness depends on many variables, such as distance, clothing, stature, and the point where the projectile impacts.

CAUTION: Shots to the head, neck, thorax, heart, or spine can result in fatal or serious injury.
(Description Source: https://www.combinedsystems.com/product/4557-40mm-sponge- smokeless-spin-stabilized-4-long/)

Q
UANTITY 500
LIFESPAN 5 years
INITIAL COST $19/unit

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
36 Chemical Agent and Smoke Canisters

Chemical Agent and Smoke Canisters: Canisters that contain chemical agents that are released when deployed.

Capability: Chemical agent and smoke canisters have a vast variety of individual capabilities and applications. Chemical agent and smoke canisters carry the agent into the environment in a variety of methods, including but not limited to a micro-pulverized solid (powder), a liquid mist (fogger), a liquid or foam stream, burning pellets (smoke), pyrotechnic devices, and vapor aerosols. Exposure to chemical agents normally causes no lasting effects. This equipment has various indoor and outdoor capabilities and uses.

Chemical agents shall be used with caution and only by trained personnel.

Usage: Chemical agent and smoke canisters are used to limit the escalation of conflict where employment of lethal force is prohibited or undesirable. Situations for use of the less lethal weapon systems may include, but are not limited to, self-destructive individuals, dangerous and/or combative individuals, riot/crowd control and civil unrest incidents, circumstances where a tactical advantage can be obtained, potentially vicious animals, and in training exercises or displayed during community events.

Legal and Procedural Rules: The use of this equipment shall comply with the authorizations and prohibitions set forth in SCPD General Order 303.6 (Tear Gas Guidelines). It is the policy of the Santa Clara Police Department to utilize chemical agents only for official law enforcement purposes, in accordance with the department’s Use of Force Policy, and pursuant to state and federal law, including the provisions of Penal Code section 13652, initiated by California Assembly Bill 48 .

Training Requirements: SCPD Officers utilizing chemical agent and smoke canisters are certified by California POST less lethal and chemical agent instructors.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
37 Combined Tactical Systems 5230B (CS) Baffled Canister Grenade

Manufacturer: Combined Systems, Inc.

Manufacturer Description: Pyrotechnic grenade designed for indoor use delivering a maximum amount of irritant smoke throughout multiple rooms with minimal risk of fire. (Description Source: https://www.combinedsystems.com/product/5230b-cs-baffled- canister-grenade-pyro-low-flame-potential-2/)

Combined Tactical Systems 9230-CS Jet-Lite Rubber Ball Grenade, Pyro

Q
UANTITY 25
LIFESPAN 5 years
INITIAL COST $29/unit

Manufacturer: Combined Systems, Inc.

Manufacturer Description: The 9230 CS Jet-Lite Rubber Ball Grenade is one of the smaller diameter burning grenades that discharges a high volume of chemical agents through multiple emission ports. Specifically, for outdoor use and should not be deployed from rooftops, in crawl spaces or indoors due to fire producing capability. (Description Source https:/ /www.cmcgov.com/product/cts-outdoor-jet-lite-rubber-ball- cs/)

Q
UANTITY 50
LIFESPAN 5 years
INITIAL COST $36/unit

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
38 Defense Technology Spede-Heat 40mm

QUANTITY 14
LIFESPAN 5 years
INITIAL COST $28/unit

Manufacturer: Defense Technology

Manufacturer Description: The Spede-Heat™ CS Long-Range Munitions delivers one chemical canister of CS agent from a 40 mm launcher down range up to 150 yards. The Spede-Heat™ is a pyrotechnic round designed specifically for outdoor use in crowd control situations with a high volume continuous burn that expels its payload in approximately 20-40 seconds from a single source. The Spede-Heat family may be used to conceal tactical movement or to route a crowd.
(Description Source: https://www.defense-technology.com/)

Combined Tactical Systems 4330 - CS Liquid Barricade

Q
UANTITY 64
LIFESPAN 5 years
INITIAL COST $26/unit

Manufacturer: Combined Systems, Inc.

Manufacturer Description: Liquid CS filled projectile penetrates intermediate barriers and delivers irritant agents into an adjacent room.
(Description Source: https://www.combinedsystems.com/product/40mm-cs-liquid- barricade-spin-stabilized-4-8-long/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
39 Combined Tactical Systems 6340 (OC) - Vapor Grenade

QUANTITY 10
LIFESPAN 5 years
INITIAL COST $36/unit

Manufacturer: Combined Systems, Inc.

Manufacturer Description: CTS 6340 – This unique grenade delivers an invisible OC vapor and renders an intense respiratory effect to a non-compliant subject. (Description Source: https://www.combinedsystems.com/product/6340-oc-vapor- grenade/)

Defense Technology Fogger Aerosol (OC)

Q
UANTITY 10
LIFESPAN 5 years
INITIAL COST $18/unit

Manufacturer: Defense Technology

Manufacturer Description: The 6 oz. OC Aerosol Grenade will deliver a payload of

1.3% MC% OC in 20-25 seconds. This is an atomized mist which enhances the pungent

1.3% OC formulation. Ideal for area denial areas like attics, garages, etc. The canister may also be handheld to direct the spray pattern. This product is designed to provide room clearing ability with minimum clear up requirements. (Description Source: https://www.defense-technology.com/product/first-defense-7-mk-9- fogger-oc-aerosol/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
40 Combined Tactical Systems LC5 Launching Cup

Combined Tactical Systems LC5 Launching Cup: A cup that attaches to the department’s Remington 870 12-gauge shotguns, which allows officers to launch canisters of chemical agents or smoke.

Capability: The Combined Tactical Systems LC5 Launching Cup is capable of being attached to the almost any 12-gauge shotgun.

Usage: The use of the Combined Tactical Systems LC5 Launching Cup may be deployed to limit the escalation of conflict where employment of lethal force is prohibited or undesirable. The range of the weapon system helps to maintain space between officers and a suspect and reduce the immediacy of the threat, which is the principle of de-escalation. This system has additional uses which include but are not limited to self- destructive, dangerous, and/or combative individuals, riot/crowd control and civil unrest incidents, circumstances where a tactical advantage can be obtained, potentially vicious animals, and training exercises or approved demonstrations.

Legal and Procedural Rules: The use of this equipment shall comply with the authorizations and prohibitions set forth in SCPD General Order 300 (Use of Force). It is the policy of the Santa Clara Police Department to utilize this equipment only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to state and federal law, including the provisions of Penal Code section 13652, initiated by California Assembly Bill 48 .

Training Requirements: Officers utilizing the launching cups are trained by California P.O.S.T.-certified chemical agent instructors.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
41 Combined Tactical Systems LC5 Launching Cup

Manufacturer: Combined Systems, Inc.

Manufacturer Description: The LC5 Launching Cups are designed for the 5200 series grenades. The cups can be attached to virtually any 12ga shotgun, and the munition launched with our model 2600 launching cartridge. These can be fired from most 12ga smooth bore shotguns.
(Description Source: https://www.combinedsystems.com/product/lc5-and-lc6-launching- cups/)

CTS 2600 and Deftech 1210 Launching Cartridges

Manufacturer: Combines Systems, Inc / Safariland

Manufacturer Description: These non-projectile 12GA “blank” launching cartridges allow SRT officers to safely launch chemical agent canisters with a launching cup- equipped, dedicated Remington 870 shotgun.
(Description Source: https://www.combinedsystems.com/product/lc5-and-lc6-launching- cups/)

Q
UANTITY 4
LIFESPAN No expiration
INITIAL COST $302/unit
QUANTITY 140
LIFESPAN No Expiration
INITIAL COST $5/unit
Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
42 Diversionary Devices

Diversionary Devices: Canisters that emit a loud noise and bright light that is used to distract dangerous persons.

Capability: A Diversionary device is ideal for distracting dangerous suspects during assaults, hostage rescue, room entry or other high-risk arrest situations. To produce atmospheric over- pressure and brilliant white light and, as a result, a diversionary device can cause short-term (6- 8 seconds) physiological/psychological sensory deprivation to give officers a tactical advantage.

Usage: Diversionary devices are used during training and tactical events when a diversion or distraction are believed to be an effective tool to bring an event to a safe resolution. Diversionary devices shall only be used by officers who have been trained in their proper use, in hostage and barricaded subject situations, in high-risk (search/arrest) warrant services where there may be extreme hazards to officers, during other high-risk situations where their use would enhance officer safety, and during training exercises.

Legal and Procedural Rules: The use of this equipment shall comply with the authorizations and prohibitions set forth in General Order 303.10 (Noise Flash Diversionary Devices). It is the policy of the Santa Clara Police Department to utilize diversion devices only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to state and federal law regarding the use of force including the provisions of Penal Code section 13652, initiated by California Assembly Bill 48
.

Training Requirements: Prior to using this equipment, officers must attend diversionary device training that is conducted by California POST certified instructors.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
43 Combined Tactical Systems, 7290-5 Flash-Bang

Manufacturer: Combined Systems, Inc.

Manufacturer Description: 7290-5 – The patented multi-bangs feature top and bottom non-fragmenting, minimal movement devices that perform with high reliability incorporating CTS Superior fuze components with the patented and US Army adopted Confidence Clip and pin shroud.
(Description Source: https://www.combinedsystems.com/product/7290-5-flash-bang- aluminum-body-5-bang/)

Combined Tactical Systems, 7290M Mini Flash-Bang

Manufacture: Combined Systems, Inc.

Manufacture Description: The CTS 7290M Mini Flash-Bang is the newest generation in the evolution of the Flash-Bang. Our Model 7290M Flash-Bang exhibits all the same attributes of its larger counterpart but in a smaller and lighter package. Weighing in at just 15 ounces the new 7290M is approximately 30% lighter than the 7290 but still has the same 180db output of the 7290 and produces 6-8 million candela of light. The patented design of the 7290M, incorporates a porting system that eliminates movement of the body at detonation even if the top or bottom of the device should be in contact with a hard surface. In addition, internal adjustments have greatly reduced smoke output.
(Description Source: https://www.combinedsystems.com/product/7290m-mini-bang- steel-body- priced-individually-must-order-in-quantities-of-12/)

Q
UANTITY 9

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $107/unit
QUANTITY 105

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $38/unit

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
44 Combined Tactical Systems, CS 9593 Sting Ball Grenade

QUANTITY 11

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $40/unit

Manufacturer: Combined Systems, Inc.

Manufacturer Description: 9593 – Multi-effect grenades with a loud blast, bright flash, and dispersion of stinging .31 caliber pellets. Can also be configured to dispense an instantaneous cloud of irritant powder.
(Description Source: https://www.combinedsystems.com/product/9593-cs-sting-ball- grenade- approx-105-rubber-balls/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
45 Rifles and Munitions

Rifles: The rifle is a gun that is fired from shoulder level, having a longer, grooved barrel intended to make bullets spin and thereby have greater accuracy over a long distance.

Capability: The rifle provides officers the ability to engage hostile suspects at distances generally greater than the effective distance of their handguns. Additionally, rifles offer advantages over handguns, such as increased accuracy potential and the ability to defeat soft body armor. However, rifles are not appropriate for every situation.

Usage: To be used as precision weapons to address a threat with more precision and/or greater distances than a handgun, if present and feasible.

Legal and Procedural Rules: The use of this equipment shall comply with the authorizations and prohibitions set forth in General Order 300 (Use of Force) and (Firearms). It is the policy of the Santa Clara Police Department to utilize rifles only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to state and federal law regarding the use of force, including the provisions of Penal Code section 13652, initiated by California Assembly Bill 48
.

Training Requirements: Prior to using a rifle, officers must be certified by POST instructors in the operation of the rifle. Additionally, all members that operate any rifle are required to pass a range qualification four times per year.

The Department currently possesses the following rifles:

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
46 Colt (AR-15 / M4) Rifle .223/5.56 caliber

Manufacturer: Colt

Manufacturer Description: Throughout the world today, Colt's reliability, performance, and accuracy provide our Armed Forces the confidence required to accomplish any mission.

Colt's LE6920 series shares many features of its combat-proven brother, the Colt M4. (Description Source: https://www.colt.com/detail-page/colt-le6920- carbine-223556-161-301-pmag-mbus-4-pos-stk-blk)

JP (LRP-07 Rifle) .308 caliber

Manufacturer: JP

Manufacturer Description: The LRP-07™ was designed as a .308 platform to cure the shortcomings of existing rifles and still handle like an AR-15. Machined from billet with all the attention to cosmetic perfection that appears in our CTR/SCR design, this rifle utilizes a self-folding, left-side charging handle that affords additional leverage and makes it unnecessary to dismount the rifle to charge or clear it. The felt recoil impulse on the LRP-07™ is also nothing short of amazing as it was designed from the magazine well up to use our Low Mass Operating System (LMOS™). Equipped with the MK III Hand Guard System, the LRP utilizes our standard 2" diameter tube (rather than the larger tubes common to .308 platforms) surrounding a JP Supermatch™ barrel available in lengths from 16" to 22".
(Description Source https://www.jprifles.com/1.2.5_LRP07.php)

Q
UANTITY 118

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $1,175/unit
QUANTITY 4

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $3,569/unit

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
47 Spartan (Defiance Ruckus) Rifle .338 caliber

Q
UANTITY 2

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $4,400/unit

Manufacturer: Spartan

Manufacturer Description: Unable to find manufacturer description.

Remington 700 .308 caliber

Q
UANTITY 1

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $3,999/unit

Manufacturer: Remington

Manufacturer Description: Remington engineers are taking the strength and precision of the Model 700 action to new levels of hair-splitting accuracy with the latest additions to our tactical lineup. Introducing the Remington Model 700 Magpul Enhanced. It's Magpul Hunter stock with Magpul M-Lok mount serves as a rock-solid base for your best long-range performance yet. It's 20" heavy barrel with 5R rifling, delivers added stability and precision, and comes with a threaded muzzle and protector for ease in adding a suppressor.
(Description Source: https://www.remarms.com/rifles/bolt-action/model-700/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
48 Desert Tech (SRS-A1) .338

QUANTITY 2

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $3,849/unit

Manufacturer: Desert Tech

Manufacturer Description: The Desert Tech SRS-A1 is the pinnacle of a long-range precision in a compact design, using aircraft grade materials to minimize its size and weight. The A1 brought some much need enhancements to its predecessor, the SRS (Stealth Recon Scout). Namely, a user configurable picatinny rail sections in the forearm, an adjustable cheek rest, and a more durable and reliable bolt. It also uses a new type of polymer that increases its strength by more than 150% while maintaining the same weight. The Desert Tech SRS-A1 maintains a ½ MOA accuracy or better with its use of a match grade barrels and triggers. The Barrels are 100% free-floating, meticulous machining of chambers and crowns, and rock solid return-to-zero barrel mounting system. The SRS-A1 is the shortest sniper rifle in the world because it uses a telescoping bolt and bullpup configuration. This combination makes it nearly a foot shorter than other conventional sniper rifles.
(Description Source: https://www.bisontactical.com/desert-tech-srs-a1/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
49 Hornady .223 Remington, 75 grain, Tap Ammunition

QUANTITY 57,400

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $160/case of 200

Manufacturer: Hornady

Manufacturer Description: This match accurate load is our heavy TAP® offering in 223 Rem. This load is suitable for a short barreled rifle that has either a 223 Rem or

5.56 NATO chamber. The 75 gr. bullet offers deeper penetration than the 55 gr. and 60 gr. TAP Urban® bullets. The 75 gr. BTHP penetrates with minimal deflection and provides rapid fragmentation, thus delivering more energy to the target. This bullet generates very large and consistent wound cavities, serving as an ideal choice for 223 Rem precision rifle applications.
(Description Source: https://www.hornadyle.com/rifle-ammunition/75-gr-bthp-tap#!/)

Hornady .223 Remington, 55 grain, Full Metal Jacket Tap Ammunition

Q
UANTITY 56,000

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $200/case of 500

Manufacturer: Hornady

Manufacturer Description: Hornady® 223 Rem Training™ ammunition compliments the current TAP® duty rounds by delivering comparable, yet economical ammunition for law enforcement training. Utilizing efficient production processes and quality brass or steel cases, Hornady® Training™ ammunition delivers reliable functioning, accuracy, and point of aim / point of impact consistency when compared to comparable duty rounds.
(Description Source: https://www.hornadyle.com/rifle-ammunition/55-gr-fmj-bt- training#!/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
50 Federal Lake City, 5.56x45MM Green Tip, 62 grain

QUANTITY 1,000

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $195/case of 600

Manufacturer: Federal

Manufacturer Description: The 62 grain Green tip Penetrator 5.56mm ammo features a 62 grain steel core full metal jacket bullet, brand new never fired virgin brass casing that is annealed for lower expansion purposes and has a non-corrosive primer.

Currently used by the United States military, this is the best 5.56mm ammunition on the market. Federal Lake City XM855 ammo can be used for target & practice shooting, sport shooting, small-game hunting, law enforcement and etc. This Federal 5.56mm ammo load is packaged in a new production ammo can of 800 rounds perfect for long term shelf life. Federal Lake City 5.56mm Green Tip ammo offers a muzzle velocity of 3104 feet per second and a muzzle energy of 1326 ft lbs. Federal XM855 5.56mm NATO ammunition is loaded to Military specification at the Lake City facility. This particular load uses the XM855 bullet which is a 62 grain Green Tip Steel Penetrator.

The finished rounds consist of sealed primers which is ideal for long term storage and moisture protection.
(Description Source: https://federalammunitionsusa.com/federal-lake-city-5-56x45mm- nato-xm855-ammo-62-grain-fmj-green-tip-800-rounds/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
51 Hornady .308 WIN, 168 grain, ELD Match Tap Precision cartridge

QUANTITY 7,800

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $252/case of 200

Manufacturer: Hornady

Manufacturer Description: We carefully select every component to ensure uniformity, then load to exacting specifications to provide pinpoint accuracy. Each cartridge is loaded with either Hornady® A-MAX® bullets, our high-performance boattail hollow points, or the new, radically superior ELD® Match bullets. Stringent quality control ensures proper bullet seating, consistent charges and pressures, optimal velocity, consistent overall length, and repeatable accuracy.
(Description Source: https://www.hornady.com/ammunition/rifle/308-win-168-gr-bthp- match#!/)

Hornady .308 WIN, 110 grain, Tap Urban cartridge

Q
UANTITY 3,500

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $252/case of 600

Manufacturer: Hornady

Manufacturer Description: This cartridge provides the police marksman a unique bullet that demonstrates rapid expansion, fragmentation, and low retained weight. The 110 gr. TAP Urban® bullet offers the least penetration in ballistic gelatin and lower felt recoil as compared to heavier TAP® loads. The 110 gr. bullet demonstrates similar penetration to the 223 Rem 75 gr. BTHP bullet, but with substantially more temporary and permanent cavity and fragmentation, proving itself an excellent choice for high collateral risk environments.
(Description Source: https://www.hornadyle.com/rifle-ammunition/110-gr-tap-urban#!/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
52 Ruag .308 WIN, 164 grain, Tactical cartridge

QUANTITY 500

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $907/case of 300

Manufacturer: Ruag

Manufacturer Description: The RUAG .308 WIN., 164 grain, Tactical cartridge is ammunition deployed during potential lethal encounters, when shooting through barriers. The 164 grain projectile is capable of accurately striking targets behind an angled window or windshield, without the risk of unpredictable bullet deflection Conventional bullets break apart or fragment when penetrating glass, which does not allow an accurate hit.
(Description Source: SCPD Range Master)

Ruag .308 WIN, 196 grain, Armor Piercing cartridge

Q
UANTITY 260

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $962/case of 200

Manufacturer: Ruag

Manufacturer Description: The RUAG .308 WIN., 196 grain, Armor Piercing cartridge is ammunition deployed during potential lethal encounters, when shooting through heavy barriers. The 196 grain projectile is capable of accurately striking targets behind armor, without the risk of unpredictable bullet deflection. Conventional bullets break apart or fragment when penetrating armor, which does not allow an accurate hit. (Description Source: SCPD Range Master)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
53 Hornady .338 Lapua Magnum, 285 grain, ELD Match cartridge

QUANTITY 600

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $555/case of 120

Manufacturer: Hornady

Manufacturer Description: The Hornady .338 Lapua Magnum, 285 grain, ELD Match cartridge, is ammunition deployed during potential lethal encounters at longer distances.

The 285 grain projectile maintains accuracy, while resulting in higher impact velocities, less drop, less wind drift, and more energy on target.
(Description Source: SCPD Range Master)

Ruag .338 Lapua Magnum, 247 grain, Styx Action cartridge

Q
UANTITY 800

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $647/case of 200

Manufacturer: Ruag

Manufacturer Description: The RUAG .338 Lapua Magnum, 247 grain, Styx Action cartridge is ammunition deployed during potential lethal encounters, in high collateral risk environments. The 247 grain Styx Action cartridge offers a unique projectile that allows rapid expansion, fragmentation & low retained weight. It also offers the least penetration, but with substantially more temporary & permanent cavity & fragmentation. (Description Source: SCPD Range Master)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
54 Ruag .338 Lapua Magnum, 250 grain, Tactical cartridge

QUANTITY 200

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $818/case of 300

Manufacturer: Ruag

Manufacturer Description: The RUAG .338 Lapua Magnum, 250 grain, Tactical cartridge is ammunition deployed during potential lethal encounters, when shooting through barriers. The 250-grain projectile is capable of accurately striking targets behind an angled window or windshield, without the risk of unpredictable bullet deflection Conventional bullets break apart or fragment when penetrating glass, which does not allow an accurate hit.
(Description Source: SCPD Range Master)

Ruag .338 Lapua Magnum, 260 grain, Armor Piercing cartridge

Q
UANTITY 40

LIFESPAN N/A
INITIAL COST $1,296/case of 200

Manufacturer: Ruag

Manufacturer Description: The RUAG .338 Lapua Magnum, 260 grain, Armor Piercing cartridge is ammunition deployed during potential lethal encounters, when shooting through heavy barriers. The 260 grain projectile is capable of accurately striking targets behind armor, without the risk of unpredictable bullet deflection. Conventional bullets break apart or fragment when penetrating armor, which does not allow an accurate hit. (Description Source: SCPD Range Master)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
55 Explosive Breaching Tools

Explosive Breaching Tools: Tools that are used to conduct an explosive breach.

Capability: Explosive breaching tools have a variety of individual capabilities. The listed tools are utilized by SWAT operators and are capable of breaching glass, metal doors, wood doors, deadbolts, locks, and hinges.

Usage: The listed equipment is used by SWAT operators to safely gain entry into a structure during high-risk operations.

Legal and Procedural Rules: The use of this equipment shall comply with the authorizations and prohibitions set forth in SCPD General Orders 300 (Use of Force), and 404 (Special Response Team). It is the policy of the SCPD to utilize breaching tools only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to state and federal law including the provisions of Penal Code section 13652, initiated by California Assembly
Bill 48.

Training Requirements: All officers who use explosive breaching tools shall attend 40 hours of explosive breaching instruction and must receive quarterly training for explosive operations.

Detonating Cord – Primacord 25 grain

Q
UANTITY 2 lbs
LIFESPAN 5 years
INITIAL COST $350

Manufacturer: Dyno Nobel Inc.

Manufacturer Description: PRIMACORD detonating cords are flexible linear explosives with a core of PETN explosive encased in a textile outer jacket.

PRIMACORD detonating cords are designed for use as trunklines and/or downlines in various mining, quarrying and construction applications. (Description Source:
https://www.dynonobel.com/~/media/Files/Dyno/ResourceHub/Technical%20Informatio n/North%20America/Initiation%20Systems/Detonating%20Cord/Primacord.pdf)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
56 Nonel Starters

QUANTITY 111
LIFESPAN 10 years
INITIAL COST Included with det. cord

Manufacturer: Dyno Nobel Inc.

Manufacturer Description: NONEL STARTER is a nonelectric detonator consisting of a spooled length of yellow shock tube with a Standard (#8) detonator attached to one end and the other end sealed. The detonator is housed in a plastic bunch block which facilitates easy connection to both shock tube and detonating cord. NONEL STARTER is designed to provide controlled, nonelectric initiation of surface and underground blast rounds.

Detonating Cord – Primacord 50 grain

Q
UANTITY 1 Roll and 1 Partial Roll
LIFESPAN 5 years
INITIAL COST $5,168

Manufacturer: Dyno Nobel Inc.

Manufacturer Description: PRIMACORD detonating cords are flexible linear explosives with a core of PETN explosive encased in a textile outer jacket.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
57 C2 Primasheet

QUANTITY 8.8 lbs
LIFESPAN 5 years
INITIAL COST $1,183

Manufacturer: Ensign-Bickford Aerospace & Defense

Manufacturer Description: PRIMASHEET® Flexible Sheet Explosive has been developed to meet your breaching and demolition needs. We manufacture PRIMASHEET® 1000 (DETASHEET® Flexible Explosive), a PETN based sheet explosive, and Primasheet® 2000, an RDX based sheet explosive. PRIMASHEET® 2000 is equally as powerful as a C-4 explosive but, because of its consistent performance and properties, blast damage can be minimized by exact cutting of the sheet.
(Description Source: https://www.ebad.com/primasheet-sheet-explosive/)

Explosive Charges

Q
UANTITY 20
LIFESPAN 5 years
INITIAL COST Included above

Manufacturer: SCPD Breaching Cadre

Manufacturer Description: Breaching charges are specially designed to cause structural failure of the desired target. The breaching charges in stock were built in house by the SRT breaching cadre. Various types, configurations, and energetic weights are maintained for use as needed. Older charges are cycled out of stock during monthly training.
(Description Source: SCPD Lead Breacher)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
58 PepperBall Launcher and Munitions

PepperBall Launcher: A device that discharges PAVA powder projectiles.

Capability: A PepperBall Launcher can quickly and accurately deploy small, non-lethal projectiles (“Pepper Balls”) from an effective distance of 150 feet, that produce a chemical that can rapidly produce sensory irritation or disabling physical effects in humans, which disappear within a short time following termination of exposure.

Usage: PepperBall equipment is used to limit the escalation of conflict where employment of lethal force is prohibited or undesirable. Situations for use of the less lethal weapon systems may include but, are not limited to self-destructive individuals, dangerous and/or combative individuals, riot/crowd control and civil unrest incidents, circumstances where a tactical advantage can be obtained, potentially vicious animals, and in training exercises or displayed during community events.

Legal and Procedural Rules: The use of this equipment shall comply with the authorizations and prohibitions set forth in SCPD General Orders 300 (Use of Force) and 303.7.2 (Pepperball Projectile Systems). It is the policy of the SCPD to utilize PepperBall Launchers only for official law enforcement purposes, and pursuant to state and federal law, including the provisions of Penal Code section 13652, initiated by California Assembly Bill 48
.

Training Requirements: SCPD officers utilizing PepperBall launchers and projectiles are trained in their use by California POST certified less lethal and chemical agent instructors.

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
59 PepperBall Launcher

QUANTITY 15
LIFESPAN 20 years
INITIAL COST $499/unit

Manufacturer: PepperBall

Manufacturer Description: The heart of the PepperBall system is the projectile and the UTS team of engineers, designers, scientists, and craftsmen have spent decades developing the precision PepperBall launchers, proprietary powder formulas, shells, and automation manufacturing equipment. This work continues today to ensure that officers can control crowds, disable assailants, and accomplish their missions while minimizing the risk of death or serious injury to the public and law enforcement officers. (Description Source: https://pepperball.com/about/)

PepperBall Munitions (INERT)

Q
UANTITY 3,375
LIFESPAN 3 years
INITIAL COST $2,400

Manufacturer: PepperBall

Manufacturer Description: Containing a harmless, scented powder, the VXR INERT projectile offers greater distance and accuracy when compared to a standard round ball projectile. Best suited for training and direct impact when chemical exposure is not desired.
(Description Source: https://pepperball.com/projectiles/vxr-inert/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
60 PepperBall Munitions (LIVE-X)

Q
UANTITY 5,625
LIFESPAN 3 years
INITIAL COST $4,492

Manufacturer: PepperBall

Manufacturer Description: A powerful concentration of 5% PAVA pepper powder. One round of PepperBall® LIVE-X™ contains the equivalent PAVA irritant organic agent in

2.5 classic PepperBall LIVE™ rounds. Excellent for direct impact, area saturation and crowd control.
(Description Source: https://pepperball.com/projectiles/pepperball-live-x/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
61 PepperBall Munitions (LIVE-MAXX)

QUANTITY 270
LIFESPAN 3 years
INITIAL COST $648

Manufacturer: PepperBall

Manufacturer Description: Our most potent and powerful projectile, PepperBall® LIVE-MAXX™ is formulated with MAXSAICIN™, a new proprietary process that produces powder with more airborne PAVA. PepperBall LIVE-MAXX has 50% more bio- availability than our standard PAVA powders.
(Description Source: https://pepperball.com/projectiles/live-maxx/)

Annual Military Equipment Use Report 2024
62 Conclusion

The acquisition and use of military equipment in our communities may impact the public’s safety and welfare. The public has a right to know about any funding, acquisition, or use of military equipment by local government officials, as well as a right to participate in the local government’s decision to fund, acquire, or use such equipment. When making decisions regarding how military equipment is funded, acquired, or used, the Santa Clara Police Department considers the public’s welfare, safety, civil rights, and civil liberties.

In a continued effort for greater transparency, the Santa Clara Police Department places high regard to meaningful public input in the use of military equipment in our community, in an effort to increase the safety of the public. Further details regarding AB 481 can be found here:

https://www.santaclaraca.gov/our-city/departments-g-z/police- department/community/assembly-bill-481-military-equipment-funding-acquisition-and- use-policy

Any member of the public can submit a compliment, inquiry or complaint to any member of the Department and in any form (i.e., in person, telephone, email, online form or hard copy form in various languages, etc.). Details on how to make a Citizen’s Commendation, Inquiry or Complaint, the investigative process and corresponding forms are available online at
https://www.santaclaraca.gov/our-city/departments-g-
z/police-department/about-us/commendations-inquiries-or-complaints

City Council and Authorities ConcurrentMarch 11, 2025

City Council and Authorities Concurrent
March 11, 2025