Written Comments — Santa Monica City Council, February 22, 2022

1 Vernice Hankins
From: Ben <[email protected]>
Sent: Saturday, February 19, 2022 8:14 AM
To: Stelios Makrides; David White; Joe Schmitz; Andrew Wilder; Bruce Malarky; Geoffrey Neri; Chris Waller
Cc: Oscar de la Torre; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; Kristin McCowan; Phil Brock; Stelios Makrides; Gleam Davis; councilmtgitems; Sue Himmelrich
Subject: SMO: Aviation Fuel Demonstration Project - Item 2A on 2-22-22

EXTERNAL
I am reading the February 22 Staff Report. There are a lot of words focused on the Aviation Fuel Demonstration Project.

Why is the City even getting into the aviation fuel research, development, testing, demo business? Is this what we want the City spending its precious time and resources on? A fuel demo project? Where is this required? I repeat, where is being in this business required? This is so ridiculous! The City Council already passed City Council SMO Closure Resolution No. 11026 (CCS) — http://bit.ly/SMO‐Closure‐ Resolution
“The City Council directs the City Manager, City Attorney and their staffs to take all actions necessary and proper to ensure that SMO will cease to operate as an airport and shall be closed to all aeronautical use forever effective as of midnight on December 31, 2028.”
PLEASE EXIT THE AVIATION FUEL BUSINESS!
===============
Ben Wang
M: +1-310-663-9264
E: [email protected]
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From: rml <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 7:31 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dear Santa Monica Council.

I am a resident of the Ocean Park neighborhood of Santa Monica.

I am writing to you to regarding jet fuel tanks. Please abandon the tanks altogether before they leak into our aquifer due to aging or earthquake, and to not lease them for any use at all Thanks!
richard levine
2218 22nd street
Santa Monica, CA 90405
T| 310.392.6100 M| 310.717.5190
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2 Vernice Hankins
From: John Reynolds <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 7:07 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Council Members,
Please remove any leaded fuels from all airport operations at Santa Monica Airport.

My whole family including children live in the neighborhood.

John Reynolds
3217 17th street
213‐598‐2120
Sent from Smallbiz Yahoo Mail for iPhone
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From: Maitra-Konell Family <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 7:02 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Last November 23rd the City Council voted, in a nutshell, to divest from the sale and storage of leaded fuel. Staff was asked to outline any obstacles.

At next Tuesday's council meeting the City Manager will be making his second public progress report.

The report is heavy on reporting progress on the city opening an experimental unleaded fuel station, and light on not leasing city owned tanks for the storage of leaded fuel.

The council asked the city to get out of the lead fuel business, not get into the unleaded fuel business!
We began this process to eliminate the toxic lead being sprayed out of aircraft exhaust over our homes, parks, and schools from tanks owned by the city. At the time we were unable to find any agreement compelling us to sell fuel or provide tanks to aviation businesses in any agreement or FAA documents. The council asked staff to provide a report as to what agreements, if any, would hamper eliminating leaded fuel storage.

It would be excellent if our Councilmembers ask questions and engage in a discussion with the City Manager regarding his report and their request.

No solid reasons have been given to lease our tanks beyond "the FAA", "the Consent Decree," and "Grant Obligations." Few details were provided. We have become clearer on our position: we do not have to provide tanks for any fuel. The City of Santa Monica does not have to lease our very old tanks that sit above our aquifer for any fuel at all. We pride ourselves on being a sustainable city.

Ask the council to abandon our fuel tanks altogether before they leak into our aquifer due to aging or earthquake, and to not lease them for any use at all.

Our agreements say we must operate an airport and provide the land to do so; they not require us to assist, run, or provide equipment for any aviation fuel businesses. Operating an airport does not mean providing fuel storage any more than operating a street system means running or providing gas station facilities.

Sincerely,
Maitra-Konell Family
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4 Vernice Hankins
From: Lutz, Joseph <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 6:58 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
To whom it may concern:

Please cease and desist from any further sale or lease of leaded fuel.

Best regards,
Joseph Lutz
Joseph Lutz | Senior Counsel | Seyfarth Shaw LLP
2029 Century Park East | Suite 3500 | Los Angeles, California 90067‐3021 Direct: +1‐310‐201‐1545 | Mobile: +1‐310‐717‐3692 | Fax: +1‐310‐551‐8345 [email protected] | https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.seyfarth.com__;!!OfuUnHCITYtmmjM!6TmQe5A3l3aJMNdYvvnHP6Ay6jCbyRB UF8dyouzlWjauW0lANFHoXldsxNI1Rh1cDT3bfHbzBHE$
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CONFIDENTIALITY WARNING: This email may contain privileged or confidential information and is for the sole use of the intended recipient(s). Any unauthorized use or disclosure of this communication is prohibited. If you believe that you have received this email in error, please notify the sender immediately and delete it from your system. ________________________________
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5 Vernice Hankins
From: Andrew Wilder
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 12:12 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Kristin McCowan; Phil Brock; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Christine Parra; Lana Negrete; David White; Rick Valte; Stelios Makrides
Subject: Item 2A - Leaded Fuel Update
Dear Mayor Himmelrich, Mayor Pro Tem McKowan, and Council Members, At Tuesday's meeting, please insist that the City Manager do what you asked: Stop allowing the use of leaded fuel in all city‐owned tanks and equipment ‐‐ including on the north side of the airfield.

In November you directed the City Manager to cease the storage of leaded fuel from all City‐owned tanks by April 1, with the clear intention of getting the City out of the leaded fuel business due to its known toxic impacts on the community. Please stay the course and do not waver.

You also asked the City Manager to report back on what agreements or obligations, if any, would hamper the implementation of the above. We now have a report that states:
"the Consent Decree does not require that the City itself engage in leaded fuel sales or that leaded fuel be made available at SMO."
The report also did not make any legal arguments that would prevent the implementation of your request.

Nearly 2,000 public airports do not provide any fuel services, including nearly 700 with Federal Grants or other Federal Agreements. Therefore, providing leaded fuel (or any fuel at all!) from our own tanks clearly cannot be a requirement of operating an airport ‐– and any concerns about “Grant Assurance 22” are unfounded.

If you do still have concerns about possibly violating Grant Assurance 22 (“...without unjust discrimination…”) then the better solution is to cease use of City‐owned tanks for all fuel types.

Again, please ask the City Manager to stop the use of leaded fuel in all City‐owned tanks, and not sign any leases with City‐owned tanks to store leaded fuel.

Better yet, please consider directing the City Manager to decommission the City‐owned tanks altogether.

Thank you,
Andrew Wilder
Airport Commission Chair
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1 Vernice Hankins
From: Cathie Gentile <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 11:56 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
The City of Santa Monica does not have to lease our very old tanks that sit above our aquifer for any fuel at all. We pride ourselves on being a sustainable city.

Thank.

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1 Vernice Hankins
From: David Abramis <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 8:54 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky; Iris Souza
Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dear City Council:

Regarding the Santa Monica Airport and associated facilities: Please abandon our fuel tanks altogether before they leak into our aquifer due to aging or earthquake, and to not lease them for any use at all. This is not rocket science.

Let the SM Airport go. If there were ever a time to do what is better for the most rather than the few, this is it.

Thank you,
David Abramis
2642 33rd St.

Santa Monica, CA 90405
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2 Vernice Hankins
From: Cliffton Tsai <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 8:36 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Andrew Wilder; Bruce Malarky; Chris Waller; Christine Parra; David White; Geoffrey Neri; Gleam Davis; [email protected]; Kristin McCowan; Lana Negrete; Oscar de la Torre; Phil Brock; Sue Himmelrich Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dear Sirs
Unbelievable! I didn’t realize that they are still using leaded fuel for aviation. We should definitely try everything to stop that. Don’t let the city owned properties to facilitate this bad act.

Thank you.

Cliffton Tsai
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3 Vernice Hankins
From: Alex Gardos <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 8:23 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
We live around the airport. The fumes are really getting bad. Please do not store aviation fuel in your tanks at the airport. Thank you.

Alex Gardos
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
Alex Gardos
Gardos Designs
310.666.1053
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From: Hal <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 8:04 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
The Honorable Council:

For easily one hundred years-plus, Santa Monica Airport has done its duty to provide aerial transportation. Now, in the Twenty-first century, the time has come to rethink this out-dated situation.

One-third of one-million people surround this archaic site. Was it not to be expected...just as livery stables and 'tin lizzies' eventually out-lived their uses? There are airports throughout the South Bay and Valley areas that can, and will, suffice for air travel. Our children choke on leaded fuel, and are prevented from playing outdoors. ...Do yours? In my thirty-five years of residency atop the Grand View hilltop, I have witnessed at least seven deadly plane crashes.

We all take our chances, living in dangerous regions, but we can at least contain some dangers - and one in particular is to abandon the SMO fuel tanks before they leak into the city's aquifer due to aging or earthquakes.

We, who live east from Rancho Park/Cheviot Hills, and west to the ocean, beseech you to move with the times as responsible conservationists, and live up to the city of Santa Monica's reputation for Guardians and Safe keepers of the People.

With every hope that you will do the right thing by those of us who plead for our health.

Most cordially,
Hal Golden
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5 Vernice Hankins
From: hal lindes <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 8:01 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dear Counsel,
You must absolutely abandon our fuel tanks altogether before they leak into our aquifer due to aging or earthquake, and do NOT lease them for any use at all.

Regards,
H. Lindes
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1 Vernice Hankins
From: Jamie Dunham <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 10:00 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
City Council: Please ensure we do not lease or allow the use of city owned tanks for leaded fuel. Or unleaded fuel, or any other fuel.

We live on Pier Ave next to the Airport, and are patiently waiting for operations to cease / complete the conversion to a park.

Thank you.

Sent from Yahoo Mail on Android
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2 Vernice Hankins
From: olivia buckwheat Kelly <[email protected]> Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 9:26 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Please stop selling fuel at SMO!
It is bad for the health of our citizens.

Thank you,
Olivia Kelly
Enviado desde mi iPhone
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3 Vernice Hankins
From: Théo Swerissen <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 8:58 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Andrew Wilder; Bruce Malarky; Chris Waller; Christine Parra; David White; Geoffrey Neri; Gleam Davis; [email protected]; Kristin McCowan; Lana Negrete; Oscar de la Torre; Phil Brock; Sue Himmelrich Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Please eliminate all selling of airplane fuel at SMO.   I live near Smo and often smell exhaust from planes.   No more lead.   Lead is poison. Please, sincerely Theo Swerissen ‐‐ ______________________________________
T h e o  Swerissen Management
o: 310.479.6100   m: 310.927.5355  e: [email protected]
(he, him, his)
Note: This e‐mail and any attachments are intended solely for the individual or entity to which it is addressed and may contain information that is privileged, confidential or otherwise protected from disclosure under federal or state law. Dissemination, distribution or copying of this e‐mail or the information herein by anyone other than the intended recipient, or an employee or agent responsible for delivering the message to the intended recipient, is prohibited. If you have received this e‐mail in error, please contact the sender by return e‐mail and delete and/or otherwise destroy the original message and all copies.

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From: Linda Wilson <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 12:01 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Esteemed Council Members,
Please stand firm in your decision to not lease or allow the use of City tanks for unleaded fuel.

Thank you.

Linda Wilson
90405
Sent from Mail for Windows
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From: Robert Pann <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 10:24 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Do remain steadfast neither to lease nor to allow the use of city owned tanks for leaded fuel.

I am the owner of the property below since 1966.

Robert W. Pann
2512 Aiken Ave.

L.A. CA 90064 (Cheviot Hills)
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From: Deborah Rothman <[email protected]>
Sent: Sunday, February 20, 2022 10:21 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
I am totally opposed to the City being in the fuel business. Those old tanks should be removed from City property before they become a liability.

Thank you for your consideration.

Deborah Rothman
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From: Charles Blum <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 12:25 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; Joseph Schmitz; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel
Attachments: SMO Gas Leaks.pdf; SMO, Advgas, and Pediactric Health Consequences.pdf; Leaded AvGas, SMO, and Our Children Low Pixel.pdf

EXTERNAL
Dear Santa Monica City Council,
While I have sent you this information before, since I have never received a response that the following was received I am resending it again for consideration on discussions about item 2‐A. The following will share the issue of children in elementary, preschools, and playgrounds within the 1.5 mile toxic perimeter of the airport. Currently the most up to date research has found that children within 1.5 miles of airports using leaded Avgas are adversely affected. [Mountain Data Group, Leaded Aviation Gasoline Exposure Risk at Reid‐Hillview Airport in Santa Clara County, California 37–45 (2021)]
I will also share the three articles I have written about the issues of: (1) Leaded Aviation Fuel and Pediatric Consequences (2) SMO, Storage of Aviation Fuel and Our Aquifer and (3) Leaded AvGas, Santa Monica Airport, and Our Children. [See Attached Articles with References]
Every moment that goes by that leaded aviation fuel is used at SMO is allowing the children in the 1.5 mile vicinity of the airport to be poisoned and suffer irreparable damage to their nervous system. Damage that they will sustain for the rest of their lives. This is an public health emergency and we need to move with purpose to stop all leaded fuel sales at SMO immediately.

Please pause for a moment, look at the list below, and consider the number of young children which have been and are continually being exposed to this known toxic emission. Once lead damages a child’s developing nervous system it is damaged forever.

We can’t play politics and sit around talking of implementation policies when we have a public health crisis happening. We see the effects of Covid immediately in our hospitals but lead poisoning is insidious and is generally only found over time, and by that time its effects are found, it is too late to do anything to help our children.

Elementary Schools within 1.5 miles of the airport (as crow flies or leaded fuel particulants travel) ‐ likely not a complete list:

Richland Avenue Elementary School
Mar Vista Elementray School
Clover Avenue Elementary School
Walgrove Elementary School
Grant Elementary School
Brawerman Elementary School
Charnock Road Elementary School
Edison Learning Academy
New Roads
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The First School
Grand View Boulevard Elementary
Beethoven Street Elementary School
John Adams Middle School
Pacific Point Academy
CWCMV
Litle Dolphins by the Sea
Will Rogers Learning Community
Preschools within 1.5 miles of the airport (as crow flies or leaded fuel particulants travel) ‐ likely not a complete list:

Bright Horizons at Ocean Park
Stepping Stone Child Care and Preschool
Hill and Dale Family Learning Center
Big and Tiny
Growing Place at Marine Park
Amalia DayCare
Mulberry Tree
Kigala Preschool, and others
Some of the Parks and Day Care Facilities within 1.5 miles of the airport:

Clover Park
Marine Park
Penmar Park
Gandara Park
Ashland Park
Virginia Avenue Park
Ishihara Park
Stoner Park
Thanks for your attention to this matter.

Charles
Dr. Charles L. Blum
[email protected]
1752 Ocean Park Boulevard
Santa Monica, CA 90405
310‐392‐9795
www.drcharlesblum.com
CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This E‐Mail communication (including attachments) is covered by the Electronic Communications Privacy Act 18, U.S.C 2510‐2521, is confidential and may be legally privileged. If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any retention, dissemination, distribution or copying of this communication is strictly prohibited. Please reply to the sender that you have received this message in error, and then delete it. Thank You.

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From: shaybebo <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 7:15 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dear City Council,
Please do not allow any more storage of leaded fuel at Santa Monica Airport.

Thank you.

Elin Katz
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From: Paola Levenson <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 5:49 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dearest City Council‐
The residents of Santa Monica are once again pleading to not be showered with toxic lead! Please keep your promise of being a role model & leader as a “green” city.

Thanks in advance,
Paola Eisman Levenson
Sent from my iPhone
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From: Debi Wagner <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 2:23 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dear council members:

Please eliminate the sale of leaded fuel. It harms children the most and the industry has had decades to voluntarily make changes but have chosen wealth over health.

Thank you,
Debi Wagner
Sent from my iPhone
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From: Gary Keller <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 2:02 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dear City Council,
Your legacies will be remembered by what you do while in office today.

Getting out of the fuel business now will end this once and for all. No more kicking down the road for others to deal with.

Aviation fuel begets more general aviation which begets more noise and pollution. Do what is necessary to protect others from future emissions in Santa Monica.

Thank you,
Gary Keller
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From: Vic <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 10:50 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Hi Council
Our city has the greatest financial, physical and quality of life challenges in my past 30 years here. You need to focus these, not jet fuel.

Victor Davich
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From: E Arias <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 9:18 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Please do not sell, provide, or maintain any type of fuels at SMO.

E Arias
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From: Chris Fay <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 9:07 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Council,
PLEASE MOVE FORWARD with the process of eliminating ALL fuel tanks at S.M. airport and thereby prevent leakage into the aquifer or other environmental harm.

Do not lease the tanks for any use whatsoever.

Please actively advocate for and pursue this goal, and do not blindly accept invalid reasons why this is not possible.

NO TANKS FOR LEADED FUEL; NO TANKS FOR UNLEADED FUEL.

Sincerely,
Chris Fay
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From: pattyhmj <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 8:50 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
With the leakage of fuel in Hawaii by the Navy..we could have a disaster here...The fuel leaking in Hawaii is sickening the citizens..Please have all tanks and equiment at Santa Monica. Some days the smell of fuel is horrible over here on 23rd and Marine. Small amounts of lead are studied to be very toxic.

Please help Santa Monica be pollution free of lead fuel . This is an easy fix right? Thank you
Patty on Marine st...

Sent from my Galaxy

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From: C D <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 8:35 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Please ‐ abandon our fuel tanks altogether before they leak into our aquifer due to aging or earthquake, and do not lease them for any use at all. These planes that refuse to update can fly from somewhere else. They will survive. They always do.

I assume you live in the area - why would you want your own air and land open to unnecessary risks of contamination? Votes over the years are telling you the choices of the neighborhood.

Cynthia Sikes
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From: Alan Levenson <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 11:05 AM
To: Vic
Cc: councilmtgitems; Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky
Subject: Re: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Victor‐
Agreed we are facing many challenges.

Lead is a known toxic metal unsafe at any level especially in kids.

The airport was noted by a Tufts University study to be the only source of the elevated lead levels around the airport vicinity.

This is a quality of life issue that affects people within a 1.5 mile radius of the airport.

Regards,
Alan
> On Feb 21, 2022, at 10:50 AM, Vic <[email protected]> wrote:
>
> Hi Council
> Our city has the greatest financial, physical and quality of life challenges in my past 30 years here. You need to focus these, not jet fuel.
>
> Victor Davich
Alan Levenson
310 396‐3456 phone
> On Feb 21, 2022, at 10:50 AM, Vic <[email protected]> wrote:
>
> Hi Council
> Our city has the greatest financial, physical and quality of life challenges in my past 30 years here. You need to focus these, not jet fuel.
>
> Victor Davich
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From: Louis Ssutu <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 10:51 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dear Council Members,
Please stand fast on your prior decision not to sell leaded fuel after it was determined there was no legal obligation to do so.

By clear extension of that rationale, to protect your constituents from any further health hazards, please do not allow the sale of any fuel at all, leaded or otherwise.

Thank you for your kind consideration.

Sincerely,
Louis Ssutu
Resident of Ocean Park
Sent from my iPhone
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From: William Schoene <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 11:11 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Please continue to work towards ending the sale and storage of leaded aviation fuel at SMO. Airborne lead is known to be damaging to human health, especially to children. There is no good reason why aviation fuel should STILL be exempt from "getting the lead out."
How long ago did we all abandon leaded gasoline?
Thank you!
Mr. & Mrs. William Schoene
1519 Oak Street Santa Monica CA 90405
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From: Joel D Sender <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 11:20 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dear Council Members;
Thank you for voting to remove leaded airplane fuel form Santa Monica Airport.

This carcinogen has been sprayed upon the surrounding neighborhoods for far too long.

Please do not be fooled by the empty threats and disinformation by those demanding the right to assault thousands of innocent people.

The FAA has made it clear that corruption trumps safety; and American lives are worth less than campaign contributions.

I urge you to continue standing against this poisonous fuel.

Joel
Joel Sender * [email protected] * 310.829.5552
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From: sharon ryan <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 11:21 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Andrew Wilder; Bruce Malarky; Chris Waller; Christine Parra; David White; Geoffrey Neri; Gleam Davis; [email protected]; Kristin McCowan; Lana Negrete; Oscar de la Torre; Phil Brock; Sue Himmelrich Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dear Councilmembers,
Please, please, please stop providing access to leaded fuel for all our safety. thank you,
Sharon Ryan
1807 Navy St, Santa Monica, CA 90405
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From: Karen Croner <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 11:26 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
It is time for us to get out of the leaded fuel business at the airport and not just talk the talk but walk the walk.

Leaded fuel is carcinogenic.

If you support leasing tanks for leaded fuel, are are supporting carcinogenics raining down on our Santa Monica children and residents ‐ which you don’t want to do.

Vote against leasing tanks for leaded fuel.
thank you,
Karen Croner
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From: Jennifer Field <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 11:44 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Please uphold your previous vote to stop the sale and storage of leaded fuel. There is no benefit to the surrounding community and only adds to an already problematic health risk posed by lead particulate matter surrounding the airport.

Thank you.

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From: Brodsky, Michael <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 1:24 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel - No more City lead AvGas storage or sales

EXTERNAL
Dear City Council,
Now is the time for the City of Santa Monica to at long last abandon the sale and storage of all toxic lead AvGas fuel at Santa Monica Airport and replace all City owned leaded storage tanks with unleaded fuel only.

The 2017 Consent Decree clearly allows the City of Santa Monica to impliement test sales of unleaded fuel and in NO way REQUIRES the City to store and sell lead fuel as long as it does not restrict such sales.

Please move asap to protect the health of our community.

Sincerely,
Michael Brodsky
Santa Monica
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From: Jessica Tracy <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 1:07 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; [email protected]; Oscar de la Torre; [email protected]; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller
Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Please remain steadfast in your commitment to NOT lease or allow the use of city owned tanks for leaded fuel. Thank you very much, J Trac Item 2.A
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From: Lorraine Sanchez <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 3:41 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Please support discontinuing the fuel storage tanks at Santa Monica Airport. Take this and other actions to eliminate or reduce the contamination of the neighborhoods adjacent to the airport.

Lorraine Sanchez
1947C 19th St
Santa Monica
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From: T GROSSMAN <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 5:41 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Bruce Malarky
Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Hello Councilmembers,
I am writing to you in support of eliminating leaded aviation fuel from SMO. I am asking you to stop using fuel tanks altogether.

Thank you,
T Grossman
Sunset Park 90405
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From: Betsy Katz <[email protected]>
Sent: Monday, February 21, 2022 9:09 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dear City Council members,
Thank you for voting to divest from the sale and storage of leaded fuel on November 23, 2021. I am writing to urge you to stop using city owned fuel tanks for any purpose — leaded or unleaded.

Those of us living in Ocean Park have been exposed to toxic leaded fuel exhaust for decades now. Santa Monica claims to be a green sustainable city. Let’s include the airport in that claim.

Thank you,
Betsy Katz
3016 Ruskin St.

Santa Monica,CA 90405
310‐415‐0130
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Leaded AvGas, Santa Monica Airport, and Our Children
Charles Blum
Recently when I was asked by some community environmental activists to submit a comment to the Santa Monica City Council on the use of leaded fuel at Santa Monica Airport (SMO), I was not that familiar with the issue. So before commenting I decided to look at the research and evidence about SMO, leaded avgas, and any health related consequences.

I was quite shocked at how much research there is on the topic and I was astonished how much of the research centered around SMO.1-4 There were studies over ten years ago letting the City of Santa Monica know of the seriousness of lead toxicity and particularly its affect on our developing children.5-13 There have been more recent studies also corroborating the earlier ones14-17 and for some reason these seem to be ignored by the Santa Monica city council.

How is it possible that the city officials can have such a callous cavalier disregard for the poisonous toxic lead that is being spewed into the air everyday by airplanes flying into and out of SMO? It may be that their eyes are clouded over by extremely wealthy airport users, the aviation business organizations, aviation businesses, and pilots that are influencing city staff, public opinion, and themselves or the City of Santa Monica is concerned about possible legal battles that might ensue.

A consent decree was made between the City of Santa Monica and FAA in 2017, which said, “Nothing in this agreement shall allow the City to restrict the sale of leaded aviation fuel for as long as the FAA authorizes use of such fuels within the United States.”18 However, environmental activists who have researched this agreement and many other FAA rules and obligations have discovered that while the city cannot restrict the sale of leaded fuel nothing in the agreements or obligations state that the City of Santa Monica must sell leaded avgas or provide tanks for lease to sell this toxic fuel.19 Yet this toxic fuel has continued to be used by planes flying in and out of SMO and the City of Santa Monica continues to sell and store this leaded avgas for aviation use. How can the City of Santa Monica stand by, support this travesty, and cow tow to fear of a • The Santa Monica Airport and City of Santa Monica actively store and sell only leaded aviation fuel (avgas) at the Santa Monica Airport, even though 80% of its airplane fleet can use unleaded fuel.
• Leaded avgas is one of the largest source of lead in our air and children within 1 kilometer of an airport have been found to have profound neurological reactions adversely affecting their learning capacity, behavioral, academic achievement as well as causing damage to renal (kidney) and cardiovascular systems. • There are multiple preschool, elementary schools, day care centers and play grounds well within the 1 kilometer “toxic zone” of the Santa Monica Airport, yet the city is doing nothing to stop the sale and use of this leaded fuel.

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FAA or aviation reprisal. Other cities are not so fearful. For instance the “Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors recently voted unanimously to ban the sale of leaded avgas at Reid-Hillview Airport and to press the FAA to close the facility earlier than 2031, when conditions connected to FAA grant funding are set to expire.”20 The Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors understands that the FAA will likely oppose both efforts, but they plan to continue to press them to take action. They determined that “We can’t, ... as a local community, sit by and leave children exposed with permanent damage and permanent harm while the federal government takes however long it may take.”20 Miranda et.al. 2011 performed a study utilizing, “... geographic information systems to approximate areas surrounding airports in which lead from avgas may be present in elevated concentrations in air and may also be deposited to soil.”5 They concluded that a significant association was found between potential exposure to lead emissions from avgas and blood lead levels in children, especially within 1000 meters (over a 1000 yards) or 1 kilometer (just over 6 city blocks).5
Our Children are in Danger
Elementary schools closest to Santa Monica Airport are Mar Vista, Richland and Grant.

While the elementary schools east of SMO may be just over the toxic lead emission 1000-meter distance we must factor in that most incoming flights are east to west over the region covering the Richland and Mar Vista Elementary schools. Also there is a continual west to east ocean breeze, most common in these areas, which would understandably move greater amounts of airborne lead emissions eastward towards these children.

Pre-schools closest to SMO are Stepping Stone Child Care and Preschool, Bright Horizons at Ocean Park, and Hill and Dale Family Learning Center. Of note both Bright Horizons at Ocean Park and Hill and Dale Family Learning Center are along side, Just about 100 meters from SMO where a fence has a warning about leaded avgas, this very precious pre-school has been functioning for decades. I love the school and my son attended preschool there.

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adjacent to SMO, and are therefore these young children are under constant exposure. In some cases playing 100 meters from leaded avgas emissions.

Take a walk around beautiful Clover
Park. You can see a multitude of
children playing basketball, soccer,
softball, and baseball. There are
infants playing in sandboxes and upon
various play structures made just for
them. If you look over a chain linked
fence north of the park there is SMO
where you can see planes landing and
taking off, all well within 100-200
meters of the airport’s leaded avgas
emissions.

Just south of SMO along Airport Avenue
check out Airport Park where there are
multiple soccer and football fields for
our youth to play. These fields are also
well within 100-200 meters of the
airport’s leaded avgas emissions. Other
parks well within the 1000 meters of
SMO, such as Marine and Penmar Park,
have child care centers and play areas
for children that are actively utilized, as
planes take off over their heads.

Just over a chain link fence south of Clover
Park is SMO where planes continue to take
off and land, while our young children play.

At approximately 100 meters of planes taking off
and landing children are playing on multiple
soccer and football fields at Airport Park.

Just about 100 meters from SMO where a fence has a warning about leaded avgas, this very precious pre-school has been functioning for decades. I love the school and my son attended preschool there.

On the SMO observation deck Martin Rubin, North Westdale Neighborhood Association President/Mar Vista City Council Zone 2 Director, shows the Prop 65 warning sign Photographs shared by Martin Rubin.

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The City of Santa Monica’s
website encourages parents to take
their children to the SMO
observation deck where they can
closely see planes landing and
taking off.21 To me this is
reminiscent of stories I heard from
my parents of going to drug stores
and watching their foot being
continually x-rayed to see their
foot in their shoe. They were
called Shoe Fitting Fluoroscopes22
and the long-term exposure to this
radiation was not fully understood
until the 1940s, but we know about
leaded avgas now
However we have known for over a decade and more about leaded avgas and its affect on our children. We know that no amount of lead in the air, soil, or water is safe. This was particularly impactful due to other studies by the County of Santa Clara: Office of Communications and Public Affairs that found essentially any leaded avgas created significant risk and that even a little lead is still too much.23,24 There is a large body of research that delineates the negative health effects, including learning disabilities and behavioral disorders, associated with lead exposure levels well below the CDC action level.6-9 Studies by Miranda and others10-13 suggest that early Leaded AvGas, Santa Monica Airport, and Our Children
However we have known for over a decade and more about leaded avgas and its affect on our children. We know that no amount of lead in the air, soil, or water is safe. This was particularly impactful due to other studies by the County of Santa Clara: Office of Communications and Public Affairs that found essentially any leaded avgas created significant risk and that even a little lead is still too much.23,24 There is a large body of research that delineates the negative health effects, including learning disabilities and behavioral disorders, associated with lead exposure levels well below the CDC action level.6-9 Studies by Miranda and others10-13 suggest that early childhood blood lead levels as low as 2 µg/dL can have significant impacts on academic performance as measured by end-of-grade test scores. Brink et al that found the proportion of children with blood lead levels ≥ 10 µ g/dL was 1.24% in the highest air lead counties, and the proportion with blood lead levels ≥ 10 µ g/dL was 0.36% in the lowest air lead counties.13
However we have known for over a decade and more about leaded avgas and its affect on our children. We know that no amount of lead in the air, soil, or water is safe. This was particularly impactful due to other studies by the County of Santa Clara: Office of Communications and Public Affairs that found essentially any leaded avgas created significant risk and that even a little lead is still too much.23,24 There is a large body of research that delineates the negative health effects, including learning disabilities and behavioral disorders, associated with lead exposure levels well below the CDC action level.6-9 Studies by Miranda and others10-13 suggest that early childhood blood lead levels as low as 2 µg/dL can have significant impacts on academic performance as measured by end-of-grade test scores. Brink et al that found the proportion of children with blood lead levels ≥ 10 µ g/dL was 1.24% in the highest air lead counties, and the proportion with blood lead levels ≥ 10 µ g/dL was 0.36% in the lowest air lead counties.13
Shoe Fitting Flouroscope. It was years or decades se between radiation exposure and a related occurrence of cancer, and no follow-up studies of customers were performed due to lack of records.

Shoe Fitting Fluoroscope. It was years or decades between radiation exposure and a related occurrence of cancer, and no follow-up studies of customers were performed due to lack of records.

Page%&3&%
The City of Santa Monica’s
website encourages parents to take
their children to the SMO
observation deck where they can
closely see planes landing and
taking off.21 To me this is
reminiscent of stories I heard from
my parents of going to drug stores
and watching their foot being
continually x-rayed to see their
foot in their shoe. They were
called Shoe Fitting Fluoroscopes22
and the long-term exposure to this
radiation was not fully understood
until the 1940s, but we know about
leaded avgas now

26. Kumar T, Mohsin R, Ghafir MFA, Kumar I, Wash SM. C
leaded aviation gasoline (avgas) fuel. Chemical Engineeri 2018;63:181-186.

The City of Santa Monica website encourages
parents to bring their children to the
observation deck. The website lets parents
know that the “Airport has two free and
easily accessible viewing areas where the
public is invited to watch aircraft activity.”
On the SMO observation deck Martin Rubin, North Westdale Neighborhood Association President/Mar Vista City Council Zone 2 Director, shows the Prop 65 warning sign
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childhood blood lead levels as low as 2 µg/dL can have significant impacts on academic performance as measured by end-of-grade test scores. Brink et al that found the proportion of children with blood lead levels ≥ 10 µ g/dL was 1.24% in the highest air lead counties, and the proportion with blood lead levels ≥ 10 µ g/dL was 0.36% in the lowest air lead counties.13
Various studies show that children have a greater susceptibility to the toxic effects of lead than adults. According to research, the exposure to lead can result in reduced IQ and behavioral difficulties, poor academic achievement and damage to renal (kidney) and cardiovascular systems.16,25 The study by Zahran et.al.16 found that child blood lead levels increase dose-responsively in proximity to airports and decline during times of airport closures.26 Their study found that childhood exposure to lead causes “decreased attention, executive functions, memory, language, learning and visual-spatial processing.” 27 The irreversibility of these effects can cause damage without adequate repair offsets and cause a persistence of lead in the body, long after exposure.

Understandably this may also lead to long term consequences over a lifetime.27 Who will protect our children?

1. FAA is concerned about pilots and facilitating air travel and appears to have no concern about the toxic affects of leaded avgas and its affect on our pediatric population.

2. Santa Monica City Council is more concerned about avoiding legal conflict than they are in protecting our children and adult citizens from toxic lead exposure.

According to Stelios Makrides, (Chief Operating Officer Public Works/Airport Director at City Of Santa Monica) who shared at an airport commission meeting, 80% of the SMO fleet can run on unleaded avgas, however only leaded avgas is sold at SMO.

3. Santa Monica Airport Commission presented two motions to the Santa Monica City Council to reduce or eliminate the use of leaded avgas, however they are reliant upon the City Council to act on their motions.

4. Administrators at the elementary schools, preschools, and day care centers within 1000 meters of SMO appear more concerned about the stability of their facilities than the health of their children. They appear to fear open discussions about the leaded avgas situation with parents since this might lead to a mass exodus of children from their facilities.

Only through awareness of the public can we insure a healthy future for our children.

After all, if my child lived, attended school or day care center near SMO, had a neurodevelopmental disorder, and elevated lead – I would be holding the City of Santa Monica and the FAA as responsible for my child’s illness and condition.

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Children are the most vulnerable and yet have the least understanding or control over their exposure to toxins such as leaded avgas. Our children expect and hope that adults will be there to protect them. If the adults, who have the ability, are not protecting them … then who will?
References:

1. Piazza B. Santa Monica Municipal Airport: A Report on the Generation and Downwind Extent of Emissions Generated from Aircraft and Ground Support Operations. 1999.
[https://www.smgov.net/uploadedFiles/Departments/Airport/Sustainability/EPA_ Lead_Modeling_Final_Report_Januayy_2010.pdf]

2. Hu S., Fruin S., Kozawa K., Mara S., Winer A.M., Paulson S.E. Aircraft emission impacts in a neighborhood adjacent to a general aviation airport in Southern California. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009;43:8039–8045.
[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19924920/]

3. U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) Advance notice of proposed rulemaking on lead emissions from piston-engine aircraft using leaded aviation gasoline. Fed Regist. 2010;75:22440–22468.

4. Choi W, Hu SS, He ML, Kozawa K, Mara S, Winer AM, Paulson SE.

Neighborhood-Scale Air Quality Impacts of Emissions from Motor Vehicles and Aircraft. Atmos. Environ. 2013; 80: 310–21.

5. Miranda, M.L., Anthopolos, R., Hastings, D. 2011. A Geospatial Analysis of the Effects of Aviation Gasoline on Childhood Blood Lead Levels. Environmental Health Perspective, 119 (10), 1513-1516.

6. Canfield RL, Henderson CR, Cory-Slechta DA, Cox C, Jusko TA, Lanphear BP.

Intellectual impairment in children with blood lead concentrations below 10 microg per deciliter. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1517–1526.

7. Chiodo LM, Jacobson SW, Jacobson JL. Neuro- developmental effects of postnatal lead exposure at very low levels. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2004;26:359– 371.

8. Lanphear BP, Dietrich K, Auinger P, Cox C. Cognitive deficits associated with blood lead concentrations < 10 µg/dL in US children and adolescents. Public Health Rep. 2000;115:521–529.

9. Schnaas L, Rothenberg SJ, Flores MF, Martinez S, Hernandez C, Osorio E, et al.

Reduced intellectual development in children with prenatal lead exposure.

Environ Health Perspect. 2006;114:791–797.

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10. Miranda ML, Kim D, Overstreet Galeano MA, Paul C, Hull A, Morgan SP. The relationship between early childhood blood lead levels and performance on end of grade tests. Environ Health Perspect. 2007;115:1242–1247.

11. Miranda ML, Kim D, Reiter J, Overstreet Galeano MA, Maxson P. 2009.

Environmental contributors to the achievement gap. Neurotoxicology. 2009;30:1019–1024.

12. Miranda ML, Maxson P, Kim D. Early childhood lead exposure and exceptionality designations for students. Int J Child Health Hum Dev. 2010;3(1):77–84.

13. Brink LL, Talbott EO, Sharma RK, Marsh GM, Wu WC, Rager JR, Strosnider HM. Do US ambient air lead levels have a significant impact on childhood blood lead levels: results of a national study. J Environ Public Health. 2013;2013:278042. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23983719/]

14. Lanphear B. Why Even a Little Lead is Still Too Much. RHV Study. County of Santa Clara: Office of Communications and Public Affairs. [https://news.sccgov.org/sites/g/files/exjcpb956/files/documents/Present ation - Bruce Lanphear - RHV Study.pdf] Last accessed August 29, 2021.

15. Mountain Data Group. Leaded Aviation Gasoline Exposure Risk at ReidHillview Airport in Santa Clara County, California. County of Santa Clara: Office of Communications and Public Affairs. August 4, 2021.
[https://news.sccgov.org/sites/g/files/exjcpb956/files/documents/LeadedAviation%20Gasoline-Exposure-Risk-English.pdf] Last Accessed August 29, 2021.

16. Zahra, S., Iverson, T., McElmurry, S.P., Weiler, S.. The Effect of Leaded Aviation Gasoline on Blood Lead in Children. Journal of the Association of Environmental and resource Economists,2017;4 (2).
[https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/691686]

17. Kumar T, Mohsin R, Fahmi M, Ghafir A, Kumar I, Wash AM. Concerns over use of leaded aviation gasoline (avgas) fuel, Chemical Engineering Transactions. 2018;63:181-186.

18. United States District Court for the Central District of California. Civil Action No. 13-CV.8046-JFW (VBKx). Stipulation and Order/Consent Decree. City of Santa Monica Settlement Agreement. 2017. 7.
[https://www.faa.gov/airports/airport_compliance/santa_monica_settlement/media /Santa-Monica-settlement-stipulation-and-order-consent-decree-2017.pdf] Last accessed November 7, 2021.

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Leaded AvGas, Santa Monica Airport, and Our Children
Page%&8&%

19. Casuso J. Santa Monica Could Join in Call for Ban on Leaded Aviation Fuel.

Santa Monica Lookout. November 5, 2021.
[https://www.surfsantamonica.com/ssm_site/the_lookout/news/News2021/November2021/11_05_2021_Santa_Monica_Could_Join_in_Call_for_Ban_on_Leaded_Avi ation_Fuel.html] Last accessed November 7, 2021.

20. Cabrera Y. The EPA may finally reckon with aviation’s dirty secret. Grist. August 24, 2021. [https://grist.org/regulation/avgas-lead-epa-aviation-san- jose-reidhillview/] Last accessed August 29, 2021.

21. https://www.smgov.net/departments/airport/visit.aspx

22. Shoe-fitting fluoroscope. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoe-fitting_fluoroscope]

23. Lanphear B. Why Even a Little Lead is Still Too Much. RHV Study. County of Santa Clara: Office of Communications and Public Affairs. [https://news.sccgov.org/sites/g/files/exjcpb956/files/documents/Present ation - Bruce Lanphear - RHV Study.pdf] Last accessed August 29, 2021. 24 Mountain Data Group. Leaded Aviation Gasoline Exposure Risk at ReidHillview Airport in Santa Clara County, California. County of Santa Clara: Office of Communications and Public Affairs. August 4, 2021.
[https://news.sccgov.org/sites/g/files/exjcpb956/files/documents/LeadedAviation%20Gasoline-Exposure-Risk-English.pdf] Last Accessed August 29, 2021.

25. Thomas E, Tempowski J, Martin-Couse L. The global lead challenges. Chemicals Hazards and Poison Report. 2011.

26. Rambok AIA, Majid ZBA. Comparison of leaded and unleaded aviation gasoline based on engine performance. Energy Reviews (ER). 2018;2(2):8-11.

27. Kumar T, Mohsin R, Ghafir MFA, Kumar I, Wash SM. Concerns over use of leaded aviation gasoline (avgas) fuel. Chemical Engineering Transactions. 2018;63:181-186.

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Preparing for the Best Case Scenario: The City of Santa Monica’s Involvement in the Storage and Sale of Leaded AvGas
Charles Blum
As discussed in a prior article entitled, “Santa Monica Airport (SMO), Leaded Avgas, and Childhood Blood Lead Levels: Profound Pediatric Health Consequences1,” what is clear is that:
“1. Avgas is the largest source of lead in air in the United States.

2. SMO sells leaded avgas and allows aircraft using leaded avgas into its airport.

3. Blood lead levels in our children near the airport has profound and drastic short and long-term health consequences.”1
What is not commonly known is that the City of Santa Monica is facilitating and promoting the sale of leaded AvGas at SMO. The common façade the city has hid behind is something called the Consent Decree, which represents an agreement between the City of Santa Monica and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) made in 2017.2 Part of this agreement states that. “Nothing in this agreement shall allow the City to restrict the sale of leaded aviation fuel for as long as the FAA authorizes use of such fuels within the United States.”2
However, Alan Levenson (Founder of No Jets and Environmental Activist) and other Activists who have researched our agreements note that while the city cannot restrict the sale of leaded fuel nothing in the agreement states that the City of Santa Monica must sell leaded AvGas or provide tanks for lease to sell this toxic fuel. Though the City of Santa Monica should do everything possible to stop the sale of leaded AvGas at SMO the consent decree still permits other private agencies such as Atlantic Aviation to sell leaded AvGas at SMO. Therefore the fuel storage tanks owned by the City of Santa Monica can • It is irrefutable that leaded aviation fuel (avgas) is an extremely toxic vehicle for transmission of lead in the air, representing over 70% of the toxic lead in the air and causing profound health consequences for our developing children.
• 80% of Santa Monica Airport’s fleet can run on unleaded avgas but the City of Santa Monica and the Airport only sell leaded avgas. • Earthquakes have a history of causing leaks with underground fuel storage, so the fuel underground storage at the Santa Monica Airport is problematic since there is a well on the airport premises, which connects to the main Silverado Aquifer used by the City of Santa Monica.

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be restricted to only the sale of unleaded AvGas and 80% of the SMO fleet can use this unleaded fuel.3
Seldom is it an issue to prepare for the “Best Case Scenario,” so it is crucial to consider how to best consider the risks associated with the storage of fuel underground at SMO.

We really don’t get any advance warning when an earthquake might take place and Environmental Protection Agencies note that “following a substantial earthquake it is important to examine all underground storage tank (UST) systems for damage. A damaged or improperly operating UST system can pose a significant risk to human health, safety, and the environment.”4
In fact the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cautions that “natural disasters – such as tornadoes, hurricanes, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and fires – are often unpredictable, cause significant damage, and can be costly to mitigate.

Underground storage tank (UST) systems can be vulnerable to damage during natural disasters and can even release regulated substances into the environment.” 5 California is particularly susceptible to earthquakes and fuel storage accidents as witnessed in San Francisco in 20196 and Los Angeles in 20157. Given the problems at underground gas storage facilities, a 2014 United States study by the National Agricultural and Rural Development Policy Centre determined that “… underground natural gas storage activities bear risks that are substantial enough to affect nearby residents, and that these impacts are more severe in proximity, concentration, and for properties without access to public water.”7
One aspect of earthquakes and fuel storage is the possible leaks and adverse affects to our aquifers, which are our main sources of water. Contaminated aquifers can affect water availability and subsequent health issues for decades or even centuries. A study by the EPA investigating lead emissions from piston-engine aircraft using leaded aviation gasoline8 noted that ethylene dibromide may “enter underground aquifers via leaking underground storage tanks or fuel spills. Studies demonstrate that ethylene dibromide may persist for long periods of time in certain groundwater environments.9 Due to the seriousness of this possible environmental emergency the EPA Office of Underground Storage Tanks (OUST) and Office of Research and Development’s National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) in association with the Association of State and Territorial Solid Waste Management Officials (ATSWMO) have formed a team to evaluate the potential for public health and welfare effects attributable to ethylene dibromide from past or present fuel leaks and spills.10 These agencies found that “water samples for this study were provided by State agencies to EPA between October 2005 and July 2007. Of the 802 groundwater samples provided from 102 sites, ethylene dibromide was detected in 54 samples, 43 of which had ethylene dibromide concentrations above the Maximum Concentration Level.”11 It is important to note that could have been much worse since these sites did not include the analysis of groundwater at airports.8

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But the City of Santa Monica, might ask are we immune from issues of fuel storage leaks? A review of the recent past, suggests otherwise. For instance, a spill in the Charnock Sub-Basin led the EPA to investigate the cleanup of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), a gasoline additive, from a groundwater basin formerly used for drinking water by the City of Santa Monica, California.12
Another illustration is the extensive clean up of drinking water contamination needed at Santa Monica’s Olympic Well field, where an aquifer is located that underlies Olympic Boulevard and surrounding areas in the eastern part of the City, and represents the City’s second largest groundwater supply.13
A study by Hall found that “Contamination in Santa Monica has come from several sources. Locations of suspected and known soil and water contamination are tracked and cataloged by the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), a department of the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB), and by the California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC). Leaking underground storage tanks of petroleum and other chemicals have allowed pollutants to seep into the soil and water in some parts of the Santa Monica Basin. Some sites are actively leaking or are in the process of being tested.”14
The primary groundwater producing areas for the Silverado aquifer are the City of Santa Monica’s Olympic and Charnock Wellfields. At the west, the Santa Monica Airport also has a well, that feeds into the aquifer and the yields are approximately 300 gallons per minute.15 So safety is an important concern with leaded or even unleaded AvGas fuel underground storage and sale in and around SMO since there is a well at SMO that feeds into the Silverado aquifer.

Since lead in AvGas is one of the largest air and soil contaminant source in our environment the City of Santa Monica should immediately stop their sale of this toxic fuel. However it should also consider stopping their involvement with the storage of fuel underground at SMO. When we consider the health of our citizens and environment the risk of storing fuel that could lead to health risks affecting our aquifers warrants our serious attention.

As SMO and the City of Santa Monica are preparing to close the airport by 2029, according to the consent decree2
, it only makes sense that the city should stop the sale of leaded AvGas and eliminate the City’s storage of underground AvGas Fuel. The consent decree allows other private agencies, other than the city, within SMO to store and sell AvGas fuel. This solution insulates the city from liability due to conceivable class action suits against the city for the sale of leaded AvGas and its social health consequences and eliminates the risk associated with underground fuel storage leaks.

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References

1. Blum CL. Santa Monica Airport (SMO), Leaded Avgas, and Childhood Blood Lead Levels: Profound Pediatric Health Consequences. Santa Monica Daily Press.

September 7, 2021. [https://www.smdp.com/santa-monica-airport-smo-leadedavgas-and-childhood-blood-lead-levels-profound-pediatric-healthconsequences/208212] Last accessed November 7, 2021.

2. United States District Court for the Central District of California. Civil Action No. 13-CV.8046-JFW (VBKx). Stipulation and Order/Consent Decree. City of Santa Monica Settlement Agreement. 2017. 7.
[https://www.faa.gov/airports/airport_compliance/santa_monica_settlement/media /Santa-Monica-settlement-stipulation-and-order-consent-decree-2017.pdf] Last accessed November 7, 2021.

3. Jorge Casuso. Santa Monica Could Join in Call for Ban on Leaded Aviation Fuel.

4. Assessing Underground Storage Tanks. Oregon Department of Environmental Quality and U.S. EPA. August 25, 2014.
[http://fremont.gov/DocumentCenter/View/24621] Last accessed November 7, 2021.

5. Natural Disasters and Underground Storage Tanks
[https://www.epa.gov/ust/natural-disasters-and-underground-storage-tanks] Last accessed November 7, 2021.

6. Officials Study Fire at California Storage Site after Quake. Pipeline and Gas Journal. 10/17/2019 [https://pgjonline.com/news/2019/10-oct/officials-study-fireat-california-storage-site-after-quake] Last accessed November 7, 2021.

7. Nikiforuk A. California’s Massive Gas Leak: Hazards of Industry Long Known .

Jan 2016.
[https://thetyee.ca/News/2016/01/11/California-Gas-Leak/] Last accessed November 7, 2021.

8. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR Part 87, Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking on Lead Emissions From Piston-Engine Aircraft Using Leaded Aviation Gasoline, Proposed Rules: 22464-22465. Federal Register;75(81). April 28, 2010.
[https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-04-28/pdf/2010-9603.pdf] Last accessed November 7, 2021.

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9. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development (2008) Natural Attenuation of the Lead Scavengers 1,2– Dibromoethan (EDB) and 1,2–Dichloroethane (1,2– DCA) at Motor Fuel Release Sites and Implications for Risk Management, Chapter 2. EPA 600/R–08/ 107. Available online at:
[http://www.epa.gov/ada]. Last accessed November 7, 2021.

10. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development (2008) Natural Attenuation of the Lead Scavengers 1,2– Dibromoethan (EDB) and 1,2–Dichloroethane (1,2– DCA) at Motor Fuel Release Sites and Implications for Risk Management. p.3. EPA 600/R–08/107. Available online at:
[http://www.epa.gov/ada]. Last accessed November 7, 2021.

11. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development (2008) Natural Attenuation of the Lead Scavengers 1,2– Dibromoethan (EDB) and 1,2–Dichloroethane (1,2– DCA) at Motor Fuel Release Sites and Implications for Risk Management. p.4. EPA 600/R–08/107. Available online at:
[http://www.epa.gov/ada]. Last accessed November 7, 2021.

12. United States Department of Justice. For Immediate Release Wednesday, February 16, 2005. WWW.USDOJ.COM.
[https://www.justice.gov/archive/opa/pr/2005/February/05_enrd_067.htm] Last accessed November 7, 2021.

13. City of Santa Monica, City Attorney’s Office Gillette To Pay City $68 Million Over Water Cleanup.
[https://www.smgov.net/Departments/CAO/content.aspx?id=9543] Last accessed November 7, 2021.

14. Hall M. The Water Issue, Santa Monica, California: Santa Monica’s Guide to Water Conservation and Sustainability. City of Santa Monica and the Santa Monica Daily Press. Santa Monica Daily Press. 2015: 11.

15. Santa Monica Basin Groundwater Sustainability Agency. Groundwater Sustainability Plan for the Santa Monica Groundwater Subbasin. July 2021. 12169:2-61.
[https://www.santamonica.gov/Media/Users/smgov_5Calfredo_2Egonzalez/SMB GSA/2_Santa_Monica_Subbasin_DRAFT_GSP_Chapter2_Basin%20Setting.pdf] Last accessed November 7, 2021.

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Santa
Monica
Airport
(SMO),
Leaded
Avgas,
and
Childhood
Blood
Lead
Levels:

Profound
Pediatric
Health
Consequences

Charles
Blum
Santa
Monica
Airport
(SMO)
has
continued
to
sell
leaded
aviation
gasoline (avgas)
at
its
facilities
and
allow
airplanes
to
fly
into
SMO
that
utilize
leaded avgas.

A
recent

study
focused
on
the
Reid-‐Hillview
Airport,
Commissioned
by
County
of
Santa
Clara

noted
that
“Comprehensive
and
controlled
study
reviewed
10 years
of
data;
findings

include
that
blood
lead
level
increases
in
children
downwind
from
the
site
are

similar
to
those
seen
in
the
Flint,
Michigan,
Water
Crisis.”1

This
was
particularly

impactful
due
to
other
studies
by
the
County
of
Santa
Clara:

Office
of

Communications
and
Public
Affairs
found
essentially
that
the
leaded
avgas
created

significant
risk
and
that
even
a
little
lead
is
still
too
much. 2,3
A
2010
study
by
the
United
States
National
Emissions
Inventory
found that leaded
aviation
fuel
emitted
“from
aircraft
using
leaded
aviation
gasoline
(avgas)
is

currently the
largest
source
of
lead
in
air
in
the
United
States,
constituting
about

50%
of
lead
emissions
in
the
2005
National
Emissions.”
4 A
more
recent
2021
study

is
suggesting
that
the
avgas
emissions
contributions
to air
lead
levels
is
currently

closer
70%.5
While
the
situation
with
Reid-‐Hillview
Airport
seems
like
new
news,
the
reality
is

that
this
information
has
been
known
by
SMO
and
the
City
of
Santa
Monica
for
at

least
10 years.6
Miranda
et
al
note
that,
“A
study
at
the
Santa
Monica
airport
in

California found
that
the
highest
lead
levels
occur
close
to
airport
runways
and

decrease
exponentially
with
distance
from
an
airport,
dropping
to
background

levels
at
about
1 km.”4,6

Miranda
et
al’s
2011
study
utilized,
“…
geographic

information
systems
to
approximate
areas
surrounding
airports
in
which
lead
from

avgas
may
be
present
in
elevated
concentrations
in
air
and
may
also
be
deposited
to

soil.”7 They concluded
that
a
significant
association
was
found
between
potential

exposure
to
lead
emissions
from
avgas
and
blood
lead
levels
in
children,
especially

within
1 km.
7 • Leaded aviation fuel (avgas) is the largest source of lead in air in the United States, representing over 70% of this toxic substance in our air. • The City of Santa Monica and Santa Monica Airport sell leaded avgas and allows aircraft using leaded avgas into its airport.
• Blood lead levels in our children going to school, playing, and living within 1 kilometer of the airport has profound and drastic short and long-term health consequences.

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Santa
Monica
Airport
(SMO),
Leaded
Avgas,
and
Childhood
Blood
Lead
Levels:

Profound
Pediatric
Health
Consequences

Blum
2021
Page
-‐2-‐

A
major
concern
is
how
might
the
leaded
avgas exposure
impact
the
children
living

near,
playing
in
adjacent
parks,
and
going
to
school,
to these lead
levels
emissions.

Apparently
there
is
a
large
body
of
research
that
demonstrates
negative
health

effects,
including
learning
disabilities
and
behavioral
disorders,
associated
with
lead

exposure
levels
well
below
the
CDC
action
level.8-‐11 Studies by
Miranda
et
al.12-‐14
suggest that
early
childhood
blood
lead
levels
as
low
as
2 µg/dL
can
have
significant

impacts
on
academic
performance
as
measured
by
end-‐of-‐grade
test
scores.

Brink
et

al
that
found
the
proportion
of
children
with
blood
lead
levels
≥
10 μ
g/dL
was

1.24%
in
the
highest
air
lead
counties,
and
the
proportion
with
blood
lead
levels
≥

10 μ
g/dL
was

0.36%
in
the
lowest
air
lead
counties.
15 In
response
to
this
body
of
research,
the
CDC
has
stated
that
there
is
no
safe

level
for
blood
lead
in
children.16
Internationally
the
trend
in
leaded
gasoline
elimination
and
improvement
in

childhood
blood
lead
levels
has
been
found.

For
instance
a
study
from
Bombay

India
looked
for
pediatric
blood
lead
levels
(BLLs)
by
comparing
BLLs
collected
in

2002
(after
use
of
leaded
gasoline
was
phased
out
in
Bombay)
to
those
collected
in
a

study
conducted
by
the
George
Foundation
in
1997
(when
leaded
gasoline
was
still

used
in
Bombay).

Their study
demonstrated
a
significant
success
of
the
public
health
system
in
Bombay,
India,
which was
achieved
by
the
removal
of
lead
from

gasoline.17
In
Korea
a
study
was
performed
to
verify
a
change
in
the
longitudinal
trend
of
blood

lead
levels
for
the
Korean
population,
before
and
after
the regulation
of
leaded

gasoline,
which
occurred
between
1987
and
1993
in
Korea.

That
study concluded,

that regulation
of
leaded
gasoline
significantly
contributed
to
the
rapid
change
in

blood
lead
concentrations.18

In
Madrid
Spain
a
study
evaluated
intelligence

quotient
(IQ)
of
local children
exposed
to
leaded
gas
and
determined
that
a
decrease

in
blood
lead
levels
in
these
children
prevented
a
loss
of
between
135,391
and

144,153
IQ
points.

Their
study
assessed
the
current
economic
valuation
of
these

points
in
terms
of
the
productivity
gained
throughout
the
working
life
of
this
cohort

of
children
and
ultimately
concluded
that
the
economic
benefits
derived
from
the

decision
to
ban leaded
gasoline
are
very
high.19
Our
Local
Schools
Elementary
schools
closest
to
Santa
Monica
Airport
are
Mar
Vista,
Richland
and

Grant.

While
these
elementary
schools
east
of
SMO
schools
may
be
over
the
toxic

lead
emission
1000-‐meter
distance
we
must
factor
in
that
most
incoming
flights
are

over
the region
covering these
schools
and
the
west
to
east
ocean
breeze,
most

common
in
these
areas,
would
expectantly
move
greater
amounts
of
airborne
lead

emissions
eastward
towards
these
children.

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Santa
Monica
Airport
(SMO),
Leaded
Avgas,
and
Childhood
Blood
Lead
Levels:

Profound
Pediatric
Health
Consequences

Blum
2021
Page
-‐3-‐

Pre-‐schools
closest
to
SMO are
Stepping
Stone
Child
Care
and
Preschool,
Bright

Horizons
at
Ocean
Park,
and
Hill
and
Dale
Family
Learning
Center.

Of
note
both

Bright
Horizons
at
Ocean
Park
and
Hill
and
Dale
Family
Learning
Center
are
well

within
the
toxic
lead
emission
1000-‐meter
distance
and
are
therefore
these
young

children
are
under
constant
exposure.

At
this
point
what
is
irrefutable:

1. Avgas
is
the
largest
source
of
lead
in
air
in
the
United
States.

2. SMO
sells
leaded
avgas
and
allows
aircraft
using
leaded
avgas

into
its
airport.

3. Blood
lead
levels
in
our
children
near
the
airport
has
profound

and
drastic
short
and
long-‐term
health
consequences.

Since
these
three
issues
are
clearly
evident
the
City
of
Santa
Monica
and
SMO
must

assume
responsibility
for
the
sale
of
leaded
avgas
and
allowing
(leaded
avgas)

aircrafts
to
utilize the
facilities
at
SMO.

Continuing
to
allow
the
sale
of
avgas and

piston
aircraft
using
leaded
avgas
fuel
at
SMO puts
the
onus
of responsibly for
any

subsequent
health
related
consequences
for
the
adjacent
pediatric
population,

squarely
on
the
shoulders
of
the
City
of
Santa
Monica
and
SMO.

The
City
of
Santa
Monica
is
not
alone
in
this
challenging
situation since
the
“Santa

Clara
County
Board
of
Supervisors
voted
unanimously
last
week
to
ban
the
sale
of

leaded
avgas
at
Reid-‐Hillview
Airport
and
to
press
the
Federal
Aviation

Administration,
or
FAA,
to
close
the
facility
earlier
than
2031,
when
conditions

connected
to
FAA
grant
funding
are
set
to
expire.”20

The
Santa
Clara
County
Board

of
Supervisors
understands that
the
FAA
will
likely
oppose
both
efforts,
but
they

plan
to
continue
to
press
them
to
take
action.

They
determined
that
“We
can’t,
…
as
a

local
community,
sit
by
and
leave
children
exposed
with
permanent
damage
and

permanent
harm
while
the
federal
government
takes
however
long
it
may
take.”20

There
is
now
a
clear
consensus
that
“significantly
reducing
lead
emissions
from

gasoline-‐powered
aircraft
will
require
the
leadership
and
strategic
guidance
of
the

Federal
Aviation
Administration
(FAA)
and
a
broad-‐based
and
sustained

commitment
by
other
government
agencies
and
the
nation’s
pilots,
airport

managers,
aviation
fuel
and
service
suppliers,
and
aircraft
manufacturers…”21
The
City
of
Santa
Monica
and
SMO
can
no
longer
pretend
that
they
are
not
aware
of

the
serious
health
consequences
associated
with
the
sale
of
leaded
avgas
and

instead
stand
along
with
Santa
Clara
County
Board
of
Supervisors
to
ban
the
sale
of

leaded
avgas
at
SMO.

Item 2.A
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59 of 72 Item 2.A
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Santa
Monica
Airport
(SMO),
Leaded
Avgas,
and
Childhood
Blood
Lead
Levels:

Profound
Pediatric
Health
Consequences

Blum
2021
Page
-‐4-‐

References

1. Study
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by
County
of
Santa
Clara
Finds
Increased
Lead
Levels
in

Children
Living
Near
Reid-‐Hillview
Airport

[https://news.sccgov.org/news-‐
release/study-‐commissioned-‐county-‐santa-‐clara-‐finds-‐increased-‐lead-‐levels-‐ children-‐living-‐near]

2. Bruce
Lanphear.

Why
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of
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[https://news.sccgov.org/sites/g/files/exjcpb956/files/documents/Present ation
-‐
Bruce
Lanphear
-‐
RHV
Study.pdf]
Last
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29,
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3. Mountain
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Hillview
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Office
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August
4,
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[https://news.sccgov.org/sites/g/files/exjcpb956/files/documents/Leaded-‐ Aviation%20Gasoline-‐Exposure-‐Risk-‐English.pdf]
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4. U.S.

EPA
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Engineering
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engine
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336.
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[https://www.nap.edu/read/26050/chapter/1]
Last
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6. Piazza
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A
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Operations.
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7. Miranda
ML,
Anthopolos
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Environ
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2011
Oct;119(10):1513-‐6.

8. Canfield
RL,
Henderson
CR,
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DA,
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TA,
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BP.

Intellectual
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children
with
blood
lead
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below
10 microg
per
deciliter.

N
Engl
J
Med.
2003;348:1517–1526.

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Monica
Airport
(SMO),
Leaded
Avgas,
and
Childhood
Blood
Lead
Levels:

Profound
Pediatric
Health
Consequences

Blum
2021
Page
-‐5-‐

9. Chiodo
LM, Jacobson
SW,
Jacobson
JL.

Neuro-‐
developmental
effects
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postnatal
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levels.

Neurotoxicol
Teratol.

2004;26:359–371.

10. Lanphear
BP,
Dietrich
K,
Auinger
P,
Cox
C.

Cognitive
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blood
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<
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US
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Public

Health
Rep.
2000;115:521–529.

11. Schnaas
L,
Rothenberg
SJ,
Flores
MF,
Martinez
S,
Hernandez
C,
Osorio
E,
et
al.

Reduced
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Health
Perspect.
2006;114:791–797.

12. Miranda
ML,
Kim
D,
Overstreet
Galeano
MA,
Paul
C,
Hull
A,
Morgan
SP.

The

relationship
between
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child-‐
hood
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and
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end
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tests.

Environ
Health
Perspect.
2007;115:1242–1247.

13. Miranda
ML,
Kim
D,
Reiter
J,
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Galeano
MA,
Maxson
P.
2009.

Environmental
contributors
to
the
achievement
gap.

Neurotoxicology.

2009;30:1019–1024.

14. Miranda
ML,
Maxson
P,
Kim
D.

Early
childhood
lead
exposure
and

exceptionality
designations
for
students.

Int
J
Child
Health
Hum
Dev.

2010;3(1):77–84.

15. Brink
LL,
Talbott
EO,
Sharma
RK,
Marsh
GM,
Wu
WC,
Rager
JR,
Strosnider

HM.

Do
US
ambient
air
lead
levels
have
a
significant
impact
on
childhood

blood
lead
levels:
results
of
a
national
study.

J
Environ
Public
Health.

2013;2013:278042.

[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23983719/]

16. CDC
(Centers
for
Disease
Control
and
Prevention).
2005.

Preventing
Lead

Poisoning
in
Young
Children.

Atlanta,
GA:CDC.

17. Nichani
V,
Li
WI,
Smith
MA,
Noonan
G,
Kulkarni
M,
Kodavor
M,
Naeher
LP.

Blood
lead
levels
in
children
after
phase-‐out
of
leaded
gasoline
in
Bombay,

India.

Sci
Total
Environ.
2006
Jun
15;363(1-‐3):95-‐106.

[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16181659/]

18. Oh
SE,
Kim
GB,
Hwang
SH,
Ha
M,
Lee
KM.

Longitudinal
trends
of
blood
lead

levels
before
and
after
leaded
gasoline
regulation
in
Korea.

Environ
Health

Toxicol.
2017
Oct
30;32:e2017019.

[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/29092393/]

19. Ordóñez-‐Iriarte
JM,
Guillén-‐Pérez
JJ,
Bodas-‐Pinedo
A,
Aparicio-‐Madre
MI,

Martínez-‐García
MJ,
González-‐Estecha
M,
Cabasés-‐Hita
JM.

Evaluación

Item 2.A
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Santa
Monica
Airport
(SMO),
Leaded
Avgas,
and
Childhood
Blood
Lead
Levels:

Profound
Pediatric
Health
Consequences

Blum
2021
Page
-‐6-‐

económica
del
impacto
de
la
prohibición
de
plomo
en
las
gasolinas
en
el

cociente
intelectual
de
los
niños
de
7 y
8 años
de
la
Comunidad
de
Madrid

[Economic
Appraisal
of
the
Impact
of
the
Ban
on
the
Use
of
Lead
in
Gasoline

on
the
Intellectual
Quotient
of
7-‐8
Years
Old
in
the
Community
of
Madrid].

Rev
Esp
Salud
Publica.
2015
Oct;89(5):487-‐96.

Spanish.

20. Cabrera
Y.

The
EPA
may
finally
reckon
with
aviation’s
dirty
secret.

Grist.

August
24,
2021.
[https://grist.org/regulation/avgas-‐lead-‐epa-‐aviation-‐san-‐ jose-‐reid-‐hillview/]
Last
accessed
August
29,
2021.

21. Committee
on
Lead
Emissions
from
Piston-‐Powered
General
Aviation

Aircraft.

A
Consensus
Study
Report
of
The
National
Academies
of
Science

Engineering
Medicine:

Options
for
reducing
lead
emissions
from
piston-‐
engine
aircraft.

Transportation
Research
Board
Special
Report
336.
2021.
[https://www.nap.edu/read/26050/chapter/1]
Last
accessed
August
29,

2021.

Item 2.A
02/22/22
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02/22/22
1 Vernice Hankins
From: Daklass1 <[email protected]>
Sent: Tuesday, February 22, 2022 1:49 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
The City should not lease or allow the use of city owned tanks for leaded fuel. Stop this source of public poison. David Klass
Item 2.A
02/22/22
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1 Vernice Hankins
From: Ben <[email protected]>
Sent: Tuesday, February 22, 2022 1:13 PM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Andrew Wilder; Geoffrey Neri; Chris Waller; Bruce Malarky; Joe Schmitz; Gleam Davis; Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Oscar de la Torre; Christine Parra; Kristin McCowan; Lana Negrete Subject: February 22, 2022 -- Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel at SMO

EXTERNAL
Dear Santa Monica City Council:

The City should exit the aviation fueling business. The City is NOT required to be in any part of the business.

The City-owned Underground Storage Tanks (USTs) at SMO are past their life expectancy and have begun to fail (see document screenshots below).

Please DO NOT lease these aging and obsolete fuel tanks to FBOs as they can source their own tanks. Please DO NOT start a new Aviation Fuel Demonstration Project using these failing fuel tanks.

SMO will close in 6 years on December 31, 2018 so the City should NOT invest in the Aviation fuel business. Instead the City should starting planning for the future.

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5 Thank you for your consideration.
--Ben Wang
Item 2.A
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1 Vernice Hankins
From: Michael Katz <[email protected]>
Sent: Tuesday, February 22, 2022 6:56 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Please do not allow SM CITY fuel tanks to be used at all; please do not lease them for any use. For the good of Santa Monica, please abandon all city owned SMO fuel tanks before a disaster strikes. Let us be a sustainable city and not provide tanks for any fuel at SMO.

Michael Katz
3016 Ruskin Street
Item 2.A
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69 of 72 Item 2.A
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1 Vernice Hankins
From: [email protected]
Sent: Tuesday, February 22, 2022 8:29 AM
To: councilmtgitems
Cc: Sue Himmelrich; Phil Brock; Kristin McCowan; Oscar de la Torre; Gleam Davis; Lana Negrete; Christine Parra; David White; Andrew Wilder; Chris Waller; [email protected]; Geoffrey Neri; Bruce Malarky Subject: Item 2-A Leaded Aviation Fuel

EXTERNAL
Dear Councilmembers,
Reiterating my previous public comments on the sale of leaded fuel at SMO.

The City as a leader in sustainable practices should not enable the sale of leaded fuel at SMO.

In keeping with that vision, I encourage councilmembers to direct staff to cease the sale of leaded gas in City owned fuel storage tanks.

There are other General Aviation Airports that do not sell leaded gas.

Usually, Santa Monica is a leader in sustainable practices—not a lagger.

Cathy Larson
Sunset Park Resident
Item 2.A
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02/22/22
1 Vernice Hankins
From: [email protected]
Sent: Tuesday, February 22, 2022 11:20 AM
To: councilmtgitems; Christine Parra; Gleam Davis; Kristin McCowan; Lana Negrete; Oscar de la Torre; Phil Brock; Sue Himmelrich; David White
Cc: [email protected]
Subject: City Council 2/22/22 agenda item #2

EXTERNAL
February 22, 2022
To: Mayor Himmelrich and City Council members
From: Board of Directors, Friends of Sunset Park
RE: 2/2/22 agenda item 2-A -- City Manager's Report
On November 23, 2021, the City Council directed the City Manager to cease all storage, distribution, and sale of leaded fuel from equipment and storage tanks owned and operated by the City of Santa Monica at Santa Monica Airport on or before April 1, 2022.

The City Manager was instructed to determine and report back by January 11, 2022, what agreements or obligations, if any, would hamper the implementation of the above. In addition, any new leases that would involve the leasing of any current city-owned fuel tanks for leaded fuel would be reviewed by the City Council before execution of any such leases.

The FOSP Board urges the Council to again direct the City Manager to cease all storage, distribution, and sale of leaded fuel from ALL equipment and storage tanks owned and operated by the City of Santa Monica on both sides of the runway at Santa Monica Airport on or before April 1, 2022.

Santa Monica has a Sustainable City Plan: https://www.santamonica.gov/sustainable-city-plan To quote: “The Sustainable City Plan uses the power of community to enhance our resources, prevent harm to the natural environment and human health…for the sake of current and future generations.” World Health Organization:
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lead-poisoning-and-health Lead is a cumulative toxicant that affects multiple body systems and is particularly harmful to young children.

Lead in the body is distributed to the brain, liver, kidney and bones. It is stored in the teeth and bones, where it accumulates over time. Human exposure is usually assessed through the measurement of lead in blood.

Lead in bone is released into blood during pregnancy and becomes a source of exposure to the developing fetus.

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2 There is no level of exposure to lead that is known to be without harmful effects.

Lead exposure is preventable.

It is our understanding that the Consent Decree does not require that the City be involved in the sale of leaded fuel, nor does it seem to require that leaded aviation fuel even be made available at Santa Monica Airport.

Many general aviation airports in this country don’t sell aviation fuel. Why must SMO? In conclusion, we ask that you take whatever action is necessary to stop allowing city-owned fuel tanks to be used for the storage and sale of leaded aviation fuel. If that means not extending leases, so be it.

The health of children growing up in Santa Monica, as well as the other nearby communities that are impacted by landings and takeoffs at Santa Monica Airport, is at stake.

Thank you for your consideration.

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Santa Monica City CouncilFebruary 22, 2022

Santa Monica City Council
February 22, 2022