Santa Monica Pier
Architectural Conditions Assessment
submitted by
Wallace Roberts & Todd, LLC
February 8, 2008
8 URBAN FURNISHINGS –
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Subsection Page Number
Assessment and Methodology………………………………………………………………………………….10 Railings………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………11 Benches…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….14
Tables………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..16 Trash Receptacles……………………………………………………………………………………………………..18 Curbs…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………21
Decking………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….22 Lighting……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..24 Features……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………27
Quantitative Assessment Chart………………………………………………………………………………..34 Pier Sector Graphic……………………………………………………………………………………………………35 Existing Site Features…………………………………………………………………………………………………36 9 Assessment and Methodology
The Santa Monica Pier has been an iconic element of the city since the early 1900’s. It was and still is today a space where tourists and locals congregate to enjoy sunsets, entertainment, and activities featured on the pier.
Despite the step grade, narrow sidewalks and high curb, thousands of people visit the Pier, by either walking, bicycling or driving on the Pier Bridge. They are welcomed by iconic signage that displays the Santa Monica name and logo and by informational Kiosks explaining elements on the pier to enjoy; such as the historic carousel, fi shing piers, entertaining performers and Pacifi c Park.
The idea of the pier and the history that surrounds it sets a whimsical background for those who visit it. However, over many years of harsh coastal weather, unforeseen vandalism problems, a mish mash of replacement furniture, and a lost sense of style standards, the elements on the pier no longer present a cohesive atmosphere that tie all of the pier’s characteristic icons together.
Pier Assessment and Methodology
Development on the Pier has been guided by Santa Monica Pier Design Guidelines, adopted in 1987. These Guidelines address many features found on the Pier, but give only general guidance.
WRT referred to these Guidelines during its assessment of current conditions, and noted where future recommendations about specifi c features would be warranted. It is WRT’s intent in the Architectural Conditions Assessment Report to assess the public amenities for their functionality, appearance, durability, comfort, sustainability and maintenance condition. Information and observations about these amenities will be the basis for more detailed recommendations to be formulated in coordination with the City and with input from the Santa Monica Pier Restoration Corporation and the public. The issues raised in this Report and the results of community input, will be further expanded upon and incorporated into the Sustainability Plan, the Maintenance Plan, the Lighting Plan and the Urban Design Plan.
This section looks not only at urban furnishings, but opportunities to improve specifi c areas of the Pier to enhance the public’s enjoyment of this nationally recognized community, environmental and cultural resource.
This assessment report provides the team’s analysis of the various site elements as they appeared during these site visits.
The following elements were addressed:
1. Railings
2. Benches
3. Picnic Tables
4. Trash Receptacles
5. Curbs
6. Decking
7. Lighting Fixtures
8. Special Features
The letter designations in the text refer to the Pier Sector Graphic.
4. 10
Railings
Rail Type 1: Blue Metal Rail
Location: Primary railing, used on pier perimeter
Sector Graphic: (A, B, D, E, F, G)
Number: Approximately 4,500 Linear Feet
Quality assessment:
Materials: The railing is constructed of 3 (sometimes
4) horizontal 2” diameter steel pipe rails, with 2” diameter steel tube posts and fi ttings. All metal tubing is painted blue and appears to have been painted multiple times. Stainless steel cables have been added in the horizontal direction, centered between metal rails to create the 4” minimum clearance required by code. However, code has been updated and vertical barriers at minimum 4” O.C. have not been added.
Joints vary in diff erent sections of the railing; some are welded, while others are assembled with metal tees.
Maintenance: Paint has been chipped and repainted
multiple times. Rust appears where paint is missing, most typically in areas of concentrated fi shing activity. Metal rails require constant repainting to prevent rust, as rust can form wherever metal is exposed.* Functionality/Placement: The railing provides a safety
barrier at the edge of the pier. However, the railing no longer meets current safety requirements as there are more than 4” square openings in the rail.
Durability: Painted metal is a durable option for railing if rust is prevented.
Sustainability: There is no evidence that this railing uses low VOC paint or a renewable material. Recycled content material should be considered for this application in the event of replacement.
Comfort: While the rail provides a fairly transparent
barrier to the ocean, the steel rail is not very comfortable to lean against.
* Bill Bollinger: Pier Maintenance Supervisor. Per email dated
11.28.2007
Rail Type 1: Socket
Rail Type: Steel cables
The entire pedestrian area of the Pier is surrounded by a barrier rail with a minimum height of 42 inches. The predominant railing type is a painted blue metal post and railing. There is a section of this railing that is similar but with a wooden top rail. At the west end of the Pier there is also a painted wood and metal railing that separates the upper and lower decks and forms the stair railing. These varied railings do not create a cohesive design for the Pier. The 1987 Pier Design Guidelines recommends that the railings should be compatible with overall building design and are corrosion, graffi ti and vandal resistant. No specifi c type of rail is prescribed.
5. 11
Rail Type 2: Blue Metal with Wooden Top Rail
Location: Southeast corner of pier
Sector Graphic: (G)
Number: approximately 1,200 Linear Feet
Quality assessment:
Materials: The railing is similar to Type 1 with the
addition of a 2x8 wooden top rail. The railing is made of 3 (sometimes 4) 2” diameter horizontal metal tubes, with 2” diameter tubular metal posts. The top rail is a stained and coated wooden 2x8 plank, heavily worn, and supported by a bracket underneath. All metal tubing is painted blue and appears to have been painted multiple times.
Stainless steel cables run horizontally only, centered between metal tubes to reduce the opening size to 4” in one direction. Joints vary in diff erent sections of railing; some are welded while others are assembled with tees and sockets.
Maintenance: In general, the paint covers the metal
railing consistently. Paint is worn and chipped in limited areas of high use especially along ramps, with rust observed where metal has been exposed. Metal tubing must be painted to prevent rust as wear requires. Wood is teak and requires pressure washing and re oiling annually in the spring. *
Functionality/Placement: The railing provides a safety
barrier at the edge of the ramp and at the deck above the volleyball court. The railing does not meet current safety requirements as there are more than 4” square openings between members.
Durability: Metal and wood are solid, durable, and
appropriate materials for this railing if the metal remains painted to prevent rust and the wood is regularly refi nished.
Sustainability: There is no evidence that this railing
uses low VOC paint or a renewable material. Recycled content material should be considered for this application as well as a recycled composite in the event of replacement.
Comfort: The rail is more comfortable to lean against
because of the wide, wooden top rail.
* Bill Bollinger: Pier Maintenance Supervisor. Per email dated
11.28.2007
Rail Type 2: Wooden Railing
6. 12
Rail Type 3: White Rail with Green Top Rail
Location: West end of pier, on deck and staircases
Sector Graphic: (E)
Number: approximately 400 Linear Feet
Quality assessment:
Materials: This metal rail is quite diff erent than the other two rails and occurs only in a limited area at the Observation Deck at the west end of pier. The rail is made of 2” diameter painted steel posts and bottom rail, with a painted green wooden top rail. Horizontal stainless steel cables and turnbuckles have been added in the horizontal direction to limit size of openings.
Maintenance: In general, the paint covers the metal railing consistently. The paint is worn and chipped in limited areas of high use but rust was not observed. The painted wood top rail is worn and raw wood is exposed in some areas.
Functionality/Placement: The railing does not meet current safety requirements as there are more than 4” openings between members.
Durability: Metal and wood are solid, durable, and
appropriate materials for this railing if the metal remains painted to prevent rust and the wood is regularly refi nished.
Sustainability: There is no evidence that this railing uses low VOC paint or any renewable materials. Recycled composite should be considered for wood substitute as well as recycled content metal.
Comfort: The rail is more comfortable to lean against because of the wide, wooden top rail.
Rail Type 3: Green Top Rail
7. General Observations about Railings: It was observed and confi rmed by maintenance that these railings are not holding up to the standards of the pier and require too much maintenance.*
There are missing pieces,
rust and failing sections that need constant upkeep and are unappealing to pier users. A material/railing that does not rust and requires no painting will be considered and researched further by WRT. * Bill Bollinger: Pier Maintenance Supervisor. Per email dated
11.28.2007
13 Bench Type 1: Blue Seat with White Logo Base
Location: Along promenade
Sector Graphic: (A, B, D)
Number: 29
Quality assessment:
Materials: This bench is the “standard” Santa Monica
park bench found throughout the City. The base and supports for this bench are white painted pre-cast concrete with the words “Santa Monica” stamped into the base. Seat and seatbacks are 2x4 wood slats which are been painted blue. Benches are approximately 7 feet long and accommodate 4 people. There appears to be two slightly diff erent bench types, assumed to be of diff erent eras.
Maintenance: Concrete supports require painting to
maintain a clean fi nish, wood slats require regular painting and sanding or replacement if damaged.
Functionality/Placement: Benches are located in such a
way that adjacent railings block ocean view when seated. All benches face the ocean. An option should be considered that allows benches to be oriented in other directions to take advantage of sun and people watching. These benches do not have any arm rests which makes them targets for bench sleepers.
Durability: The base is heavy, not easily moved, and very durable. The wood components may be easily defaced.
Sustainability: Recycled content material should be considered in the event of replacement.
Comfort: This bench has a straight, tall back making it more comfortable for taller users. The seat and seatback surfaces are made of wood which is more comfortable than the metal benches on the pier. However, this bench could have been more comfortable if it had more lumbar support and curve on the seating surface. The wood surface dries quickly in the marine environment.
Benches
Bench Type 1
Bench Type 2
There are currently three diff erent styles of benches on the Pier.
The blue Seat/white base benches are custom made and most predominant bench on the Pier. The other benches are prefabricated and appear to have been added at diff erent dates than the original.
The 1987 Pier Design Guidelines recommends that the benches should be compatible with overall building design and are corrosion, graffi ti and vandal resistant. No particular type of bench is prescribed. 8 .
Bench Type 2: Blue Metal Hatch
Location: West side of entrance to Pacifi c Park Sector Graphic: (C) Number: 1
Quality assessment:
Materials: This bench is a modern design and approximately 6 feet long and seats 3 adults. It is fabricated of blue painted or powder coated open grid metal, with one piece seat and back. Metal tubes on sides act as legs and armrests. It is bolted to the deck. 14 Bench Type 2: Blue Metal Hatch Continued.
Maintenance: Routine repainting is required to prevent
rust; removal from site is required if powder coating needs to be reapplied, per manufacturer’s directions. The open metal seat prevents water from ponding on the surface.
Functionality/Placement: This bench is less likely to attract bench sleepers as it is shorter and has arm rests. This bench was observed to be very well used at all times, with high demand for seating in this area.
Durability: Rust was observed at base and near welds
where the metal has been exposed.
Sustainability: Consider recycled content and sustainable materials in the event of replacement.
Comfort: Curved seat and seatback provides lumbar support, however the grid open metal pattern is uncomfortable to sit on, especially in shorts. The curved shape of the seat and seatback is not conducive to sitting at any angle other than straight-ahead.
Bench Type 3: Victorian Bench
Location: West end of pier; Sector Graphic: (E)
Number: 2
Quality assessment:
Materials: Victorian style six foot bench that seats four adults. Bench is made of 3 ornate cast iron supports/arm rests with a composite slat board. Bench is bolted to wood deck.
Maintenance: The benches are inside the Observation
Deck and are in excellent shape. Composite boards are easily replaced if they were to become damaged.
Functionality/Placement: This bench design captures the “Victorian” character of the carousel, but does not blend well with the more rustic pier aesthetics at the western end. No other benches or site furnishings found on the Pier match this style. The bench appears lighter and less solid than the exterior benches.
Durability: Composite boards may be subject to scratching and carving. The lightweight construction of this bench appears to be much less durable than other site furnishings.
Sustainability: Composite slats could have been made of recycled content but are not identifi ed as such.
Comfort: Shape, materials, and armrests make this the
most comfortable bench on the pier.
Bench Type 3
9 .
General Observations about Benches: It was found that not only was seating insuffi cient on the pier but those which were provided did not meet aesthetic, functionality or comfort expectations. Maintenance expressed a need for at least a dozen more.*
In the Urban Design Plan, WRT, in consultation with the City and SMPRC, will identify additional locations for public seating and will give guidance about how seating should be arranged. * Bill Bollinger: Pier Maintenance Supervisor. Per email dated
11.28.2007
15 Tables
Table Type 1: 4-foot Square Orange Powder Coated Table (seats 8) Location: Entrance to the Pacifi c Park
Sector Graphic: (C)
Number: 10
Note: Privately owned
Quality assessment:
Materials: Prefabricated outdoor picnic table, with top and seats made of vinyl coated metal mesh. The seats are attached to table top with painted tubular metal legs. An umbrella opening is provided, but none of the tables have umbrellas.
Maintenance: The vinyl coating on the tables allows the table to be easily wiped or hosed off for cleaning. However, it looked as if daily maintenance had not been performed; many tables were coated with a layer of dust and/or dirt.
Functionality/Placement: The vinyl coating defl ects
sunlight, keeping this table cooler when placed in the direct sunlight.
All of the outdoor tables are located at the entrance to the amusement park. Although this arrangement is convenient for patrons who purchase food at adjacent stands, there are no quiet places to sit at a table.
Handicap accessible tables should be made available; tables provided have permanent benches on all four sides, leaving no roll up access for persons in wheelchairs. A table with one open side or alternative table design with easy accessibility is strongly suggested.
Durability: The tables all seemed to be withstanding the ocean/salty conditions. There was no observed rust and the tables appeared to be fairly new.
Sustainability: There are no apparent sustainable aspects to these furnishings. In the event of replacement, low VOC paint, recycled content, and local materials should be utilized wherever possible.
Comfort: This is a relatively comfortable outdoor cafeteria table. The seats are wide enough to comfortably seat two adults on each bench. The edges are rounded and have a plastic coating which provides a level of safety and comfort. They generally experience rapid customer turnover.
The Pier currently has one main outdoor eating area adjacent to the main food vendors and Pacifi c Park. There are two styles of tables and they are intermingled on either side of the amusement park entrance walkway.
Table Type 1
10 .
16 Table Type 2: Round Metal Table
Location: Entrance to Pacifi c Park
Sector Graphic: (C)
Number: 9
Note: Privately owned
Quality assessment:
Materials: Three-Foot diameter metal table with three
attached bench seats. Tables seat six adults very tightly and are more appropriate for three persons. They are colorful, with bright pink and yellow seats with white tables. Fabric umbrellas are provided at each table.
Maintenance: The metal fi nish is chipped and limited rust was observed.
Functionality/Placement: These tables are heavily utilized because they serve all the food vendors at the Pacifi c Park entrance.
It would be desirable to have more tables in this area, and designate another area on the pier where people could eat as well.
Durability: The round metal tables have some rust.
Sustainability: There are no apparent sustainable aspects to this piece of furniture. In the event of replacement, low VOC paint, recycled content, and local materials should be used where possible.
Comfort: The seat and table top are made of painted
metal. The leg room under this table is small to accommodate a group of adult users.
Table Type 2
11 .
General Observations about Tables: The existing tables provide insuffi cient seating and lack basic ADA standards. Table 1 is maintenance friendly and easy to clean, however table 2 has signifi cant imperfections mainly rust, due to inappropriate material choices. Any additional tables to be maintained by Pier Maintenance would have to be easy to clean, ADA accessible, adaptable for diff erent types of users, and aesthetically cohesive throughout the pier. New tables could possibly be an opportunity to get private owners to update their tables. Setting a standard for furniture should be enforced.
17 Receptacle Type 1: “Barrel” Receptacle
Location: Around Pacifi c Park
Sector Graphic: (C, F)
Number: 4
Note: Privately owned
Quality assessment:
Materials: Barrel with wood staves wrapped with metal
bands and a plastic funnel lid. Wood is unfi nished. Receptacles look old.
Maintenance: The wood is unfi nished and would require
sealant to increase longevity. The plastic funnel lid (white) shows dirt easily.
Functionality/Placement: The plastic funnel lid helps to keep trash in the barrel and hidden from view; however, it is not very aesthetically pleasing. Visually, this receptacle does not match any other site furnishings found on the pier.
Durability: The metal straps around the outside of the barrel have small amounts of rust, and the screws holding these straps are rusted.
Sustainability: No sustainable elements are obvious in this furniture. Use of renewable wood could be implemented in the event of replacement.
Trash Receptacles
Trash Receptacle 1: Barrel
Trash Receptacle 2: Santa Monica logo
Trash receptacles are a necessary and important site furnishing. They should be viewed as another opportunity to strengthen the design concept and cohesion.
More recycling receptacles should be provided throughout the pier to encourage recycling. The 1987 Pier Design Guidelines recommends that the trash receptacles are compatible with overall building design and are corrosion, graffi ti and vandal resistant. No particular type of receptacle is prescribed. The Design Guidelines do require that dumpsters for the various concessions are screened. 12 .
Receptacle Type 2: Concrete Cylinder with Santa Monica Logo Location: Present in all zones on the pier.
Sector Graphic: (A-G)
Number: 45, most predominant trash receptacle on the pier Quality assessment:
Materials: Custom pre-cast light colored concrete cylinder with metal collar around center hole, as well as bronze City of Santa Monica Logo. These pre-cast receptacles are new.
Maintenance: Requires little maintenance, weight makes it diffi cult to move or take, which is why Maintenance expressed their preference for this receptacle.* There is no rust and weathering, but on-going
cleaning is necessary.
Functionality/Placement: The pre-cast concrete is a good choice for marine environments since they contain no metal and painting is not necessary.
* Bill Bollinger: Pier Maintenance Supervisor. Per email dated
11.28.2007
18 Receptacle Type 2: Concrete Cylinder with Santa Monica Logo Continued.
Durability: The receptacle appears to be very durable concrete construction, with few signs of wear or need of for replacement.
Sustainability: No sustainable factors appear to be considered for development of this product in regard to materials. However, the long life span of the receptacle reduces need for replacement and thus reduces waste.
Receptacle Type 3: Blue Metal Trash Receptacle
Location: West end of pier (E), South edge
Sector Graphic: (F, G)
Number: 21, second most predominant trash receptacle on pier.
Quality assessment:
Materials: Fabricated blue powder coated painted metal
with vertical slats and horizontal bands. A metal liner holds the trash.
Maintenance: The receptacle is very rusted, faded and
appears dirty.
Functionality/Placement: This trash receptacle has no
lid, exposing trash to seagulls and wind.
Durability: Rust is forming where the paint has failed.
Metal looks unsubstantial for the use and marine environment.
Sustainability: No sustainable elements are associated
with this product. A recycled metal alternative should be considered in the event of replacing such furnishings.
Trash Receptacle 3: Blue Metal
13 .
Receptacle Type 4: Blue Metal Recycling Receptacle
Location: West end of pier; Sector Graphic: (E),
South edge (G)
Number: 4
Quality assessment:
Materials: Fabricated blue powder coated painted metal
with vertical slats and horizontal bands with a standard tapered formed lid, similar in style to trash can. A liner holds the recycled material. A blue and white “recycle” sign designates this bin for recycling.
Maintenance: The container was worn and not clean.
Regular repainting is required.
Functionality/Placement: Site recycle bins do not separate any recyclable materials and are not clearly labeled as to which recyclables they accept. The Pier should include more recycling stations and they should be placed along side trash receptacles. Containers that accommodate multiple recyclable materials should also be implemented. Recycled materials include, but are not limited to, newspaper, plastics, glass, food, compost, etc.
Durability: Rust is forming where the paint has failed, but with routine repainting this is a durable option.
Sustainability: No sustainable elements are associated
with this product. A recycled metal alternative should be considered in the event of a replacement.
Trash Receptacle 3: Blue Metal Recycling
19 14 .
General Observations of Trash Receptacles: The most functional receptacle was the Santa Monica custom concrete designed bin. The rest are made of corrosive materials that don’t match, are hard to maintain and are easily vandalized or stolen. WRT will look into receptacles similar to the Santa Monica concrete variety and suggest additional opportunities for placement. Additional recyclable bins are also suggested that match the current receptacles. Providing adequate and appropriate receptacles will help to keep the pier clean.
Receptacle Type 5: Recycled Content Receptacle
Location: In enclosed observation deck (E)
Number: 1
Quality assessment:
Materials: Made of 100% recycled content plastic
boards that match the adjacent bench with cast iron details.
Maintenance: The receptacle is inside the enclosed observation deck and is in excellent shape. Composite boards can easily be replaced if they were to become damaged.
Functionality/Placement: This receptacle design captures the “Victorian” character of the carousel, but does not blend well with the more rustic pier aesthetics at the western end. The receptacle appears lighter and less solid than the exterior receptacles.
Durability: Composite boards may be subject to
scratching and carving. The lightweight construction of this receptacle appears to be much less durable than other site furnishings located outside.
Sustainability: Receptacle is made of 100% recycled
content plastic boards.
Trash Receptacle 5: Recycled Content Receptacle
20 Curb Type 1: 6x6 Wood Timber Curb – Painted Yellow
Location: Central Walkway; Sector Graphic: (A, B); South Parking area (G) and used for wheel stops in parking area.
Number: approximate 200 Linear Feet
Quality assessment:
Materials: Painted wood timber.
Maintenance: Repainting required on a regular basis.
Functionality/Placement: This curb defi nes the maintenance/fi re lane. This curb off ers no aesthetic benefi t to the pier experience and could pose a tripping hazard.
Durability: The timber appears durable enough to satisfy function though edges of wood are becoming worn and repainting is necessary to maintain color.
Sustainability: Any wood used should comply with sustainable forestry practices. Alternative renewable materials should be considered, such as a high recycled content composite.
Curb Type 2: 8x10 Wood Timber Curb – Painted Red
Location: Central Walkway; Sector Graphic: (A, B)
Number: approximate 200 Linear Feet
Quality assessment:
Comfort: N/A
Materials: Painted Wood timber.
Maintenance: Repainting required on a regular basis
Functionality/Placement: Curb required for traffi c management and directs vehicular traffi c into parking lot. These curbs off er no aesthetic interest to pier experience and pose a tripping hazard for pedestrians.
Durability: The timber appears durable enough to satisfy function though edges of wood are becoming worn and repainting is necessary in places.
Sustainability: Any wood used should comply with sustainable forestry practices. Otherwise alternative renewable materials should be considered, such as a high recycled content composite.
Curbs
The curbs found on The Pier are made of heavy timbers which have been bolted to the decking. These timbers serve to guide traffi c and defi ne the fi re lane. Curbs are not defi ned in the 1987 Design Guidelines but the Guidelines do require timber wheel stops.
Curb Type 1: Yellow
Curb Type 2: Red
15 .
General Observations about Curbs: It was concluded that the curbs’ biggest weakness was its upkeep of repainting and replacement.* They function properly, however WRT will look into opportunities to cut down on maintenance on this element of the pier.**
* Bill Bollinger: Pier Maintenance Supervisor. Per email dated
11.28.2007
21 Decking
The pier’s top decking material is made up primarily of 2x12 pieces of lumber. In most places the decking runs perpendicular to the edge of the pier, however, there are areas where the planks are mounted diagonally at a 45 degree angle to the sides of the pier. The 1987 Design Guidelines require exposed wood decking for all pier walkways, access and service drives and parking areas.
Decking Type 1: Pedestrian Areas
Location: All wood areas for pedestrian use; Sector Graphic: (A-G) Area: approximately 180,000 Square Feet
Quality assessment:
Materials: Exposed 12” wide pressure-treated wooden
decking planks, unfi nished.
Maintenance: The wood planks were generally in good
condition. There were no signifi cant gaps identifi ed, and it appears that where gaps had occurred, they had been corrected. Wood decking requires routine washing, sealing (except for pressure treated wood), and replacement as necessary due to wear and exposure.
Functionality/Placement: When well cared for wood
decking makes for an enjoyable and marine oriented walking surface.
Durability: The decking shows limited wear in the pedestrian areas. Challenges for wood decking include the variability of wood products, twisting, warping, splitting, etc. Also, wear of deck can leave hazardous exposed nails. Deck boards should be replaced when nails are exposed.
Sustainability: Any wood used should comply with sustainable forestry practices. Otherwise alternative renewable materials should be considered, such as a high recycled content composite.
Comfort: The wood decking is comfortable to walk on
provided it has been adequately maintained.
Decking Type 1: Pedestrian
Decking Type 2: Asphalt 16 .
Decking Type 2: Asphalt covered decking
Location: Central Walkway; Sector Graphic: (B)
Area: approximately 5,400 Square Feet
Quality assessment:
Materials: Asphalt coated wood deck with corrugated
metal panels
Maintenance: Occasional cleaning is required, along with routine repainting of the stripes.
Functionality/Placement: The metal sheets appear to
cover a mechanical chase. An alternative to this design is desired as this option is inconsistent with the requirement of the Design Guidelines. 22 Decking Type 2: Asphalt covered decking continued.
Durability: The asphalt was cracking and showing signs of wear.
Sustainability: Materials more sustainable than asphalt and steel should be used where available.
Comfort: The asphalt rises above the level of the wooden deck and creates an uneven surface. The corrugated metal sheets are uncomfortable to walk on due to their uneven surface. Pedestrians did not appear to prefer to walk on this surface unless necessary.
Note: Asphalt covered decking and corrugated metal panels are scheduled to be removed and replaced with wood decking.* General Observations about Decking: We have identifi ed that there are/were signifi cant gaps in the decking. Large areas of repair have been corrected by maintenance by replacing said areas with “patches” of decking. However, overall decking was in good shape on the main walk. And it was noted that there are plans to replace decking with 3” thick boards, instead the 2” boards that are currently used. ** Therefore, gaps and general repairs will be reduced. Sealing of decking is not necessary due to the fact that the boards are pressure washed.*** The painted parking lines wear and fl ake and need to be repainted several times each year. WRT will make recommendations to be included in the Maintenance Plan about alternative approaches to striping parking lots with more durable materials
* Bill Bollinger: Pier Maintenance Supervisor. Per email dated 11.28.2007 ** Bill Bollinger: Pier Maintenance Supervisor. Per email dated 11.28.2007 *** Todd: Gemni Forest Products
Decking Type 3: Parking lot and vehicular traveled decking Location: Parking Deck; Sector Graphic: (G)
Area: approximately 83,000 Square Feet
Quality assessment:
Materials: Pressure treated wooden decking planks, 12” wide, painted with parking lot striping.
Maintenance: These areas appear to have been replaced at diff erent times. Decking should be replaced where cracks and gaps pose a hazard.
Re-striping should also occur on a regular basis to ensure a cohesive fl ow within the lot.
Functionality/Placement: The parking deck planks appear uneven and worn when compared to “pedestrian only” areas. The boards are spaced further apart and in many cases greatly exceed ¼” between fl oor boards.
Durability: The vehicular decking is signifi cantly more worn than pedestrian decking due to heavy and constant use. Raised knots and nails were observed. Typical challenges of wood decking include dealing with variability of wood products, twisting, warping, splitting, etc. .
Sustainability: Any wood used should comply with sustainable forestry practices. Otherwise alternative renewable materials should be considered, such as a high recycled content composite.
Comfort: The uneven surface is bumpy while driving in a car.
Decking Type 3: Parking Lot
17 .
23 Lighting
There are fi ve diff erent lighting fi xtures existing on the Pier. They are of assorted designs and styles and various heights. Lighting is predominant on the perimeter of the pier, and less prevalent in the parking lot or central areas. The majority of the lighting fi xtures appear to be of diff erent vintages and some are in questionable or non-working condition. (Observed at nighttime, about 20% of the lights were not lit). The Pier lacks a coherent theme in lighting and a consistency in fi xtures. The Design Guidelines dictate that there is a minimum of 4 footcandles and a maximum of 8 footcandles in lighting levels. Style and fi xture type is not prescribed but recommends that the fi xtures are compatible with overall building design and are corrosion, graffi ti and vandal resistant.
Lighting Type 1: Cobra Head Light Fixture
Location: First 100 feet of Central Walkway
Sector Graphic: (A)
Number: 12
Quality assessment:
Materials: Standard cobra head fi xture made of metal
with glass lamp cover on a painted white metal pole, 18 feet high.
Maintenance: Routine replacement is required for expired bulbs. Painted white metal poles need annual painting and occasional cleaning, and maintenance has confi rmed that painting the tall lights is not a problem with the use of a crane.*
According to Bill
Bollinger, the Pier Maintenance supervisor, there was a previous desire to replace the 26” Cobra Head” lights with the other ornamental lights along the rest of the deck.
Functionality/Placement: Tall overhead lighting serves to illuminate the main path; however they provide no pedestrian ambiance on the pier at night. Lights of this style are generally associated with vehicular traffi c and parking. This lighting arrangement is not appealing for a pedestrian oriented walking space.
Durability: Many of the Cobra head light poles are severely rusted and the bases are weakened by the corrosive environment.
Sustainability: Fixture should use an effi cient, low wattage lamp where possible. Also poles should be made of renewable, high recycled content materials.
* Bill Bollinger: Pier Maintenance Supervisor. Per email dated
11.28.2007
Lighting Type 1: Cobra Head
18 .
24 Lighting Type 2: Grey Arched Light Fixture
Location: Succeeds the cobra head fi xture down the second half of the pier, wraps around the observation deck,
and continues down the east side of the deck. Sector Graphic: (A, B, D, E, F) Number: 40
Quality assessment:
Materials: Ornate metal light pole, 15 feet, is painted grey with a tear drop shaped glass lamp cover, in a “historic” style. Hanging banner or pot hooks are provided, however there were no banners or fl ower pots observed.
Maintenance: The fi xtures appear relatively new and in good condition. They require routine replacement for expired bulbs. Grey poles may need occasional cleaning and repainting.
Functionality/Placement: The poles are spaced at
approximately 40 feet on center. Light levels felt safe and comfortable for the pedestrian, when operating. The shorter fi xture has a more human scale and seems to fi t in with the character of the Pier better. This pole is more ornate than the other fi xtures on the Pier, with curvilinear appendages and unique globes. The dark color hides dirt and blemishes better than the white poles.
Durability: These light poles are durable and showed few signs of rust. Provided adequate attention is given to regular painting these poles should remain durable.
Sustainability: The fi xture should use an effi cient, low wattage lamp where possible. Also poles should be made of renewable, high recycled content materials.
Lighting Type 3: Wooden Light Fixture
Location: Observation/fi shing decks. Located around the observation deck and the lower fi shing decks; Sector
Graphic: (E)
Number: 7
Quality assessment:
Materials: 8x8 wooden pole, 15 foot tall, with wood cross arms supporting two metal light fi xtures. Fixtures appear to be sodium vapor (orange glow) at night.
Maintenance: The wood is weathered and pressure treated.
Maintenance is necessary to prevent the wood from becoming weathered looking.
Functionality/Placement: The design of this fi xture has horizontal arms which provide bird roosts. Bird repellent measures (“bird spikes”) appear to be an after market addition. The fi xture is a box “spotlight” style that provides little aesthetic character.
Durability: The wooden pole is very weathered looking.
It also has a shorter lifespan than its metal counterparts and more susceptible to vandalism; concrete or fi berglass may be more desirable for durability.
Sustainability: The fi xture should use an effi cient, low wattage lamp wherever possible. Also poles should be made of renewable and high recycled content materials.
Lighting Type 2: Arched Fixture
Lighting Type 3: Wooden Fixture
19 .
25 Lighting Type 4: Box Light Fixture
Location: Illuminates the perimeter of the southern parking deck; Sector Graphic: (G) Number: 7
Quality assessment:
Materials: 8x8 painted wooden pole (teal green), 20-25 feet tall with a dual, box light fi xtures mounted at top. An additional light fi xture is provided shining onto beach.
Conduit runs outside the pole with exposed junction boxes. Bird spikes are provided to prevent roosting.
Maintenance: The wooden pole is in need of new paint, as it is noticeably peeling. Because it is wood, regular maintenance and upkeep will require the light to function at its best.
Functionality/Placement: The lights illuminate the perimeter of the parking lot, but there is a lack of lighting in the middle of the deck.
Durability: The wood is worn and requires regular painting to maintain fi nish.
Sustainability: The fi xture should use an effi cient, low wattage lamp where possible. Also poles should be made of renewable and high recycled content materials.
Lighting Type 5: Bell Shaped Light Fixture
Location: Eastern edge of pier near Carousel; Sector Graphic: (G) Number: 8
Quality assessment:
Materials: Gray/green painted round metal pole with 2 bell-shaped fi xtures on arched posts mounted at top of pole. Poles are approximately 15 feet high.
Maintenance: The painted poles are well worn and scratched. The inside of fi xture is very rusted.
Functionality/Placement: When observed at night, these lights provided a comfortable level of light for pedestrians. There did not appear to be “hot” bright areas or deep dark areas in this area by the carousel. The light poles are appropriately scaled to function in a human scale/promenade experience. However, these lighting fi xtures are not consistent in style with any other fi xture on Pier. They are located in only one corner of the deck instead of being integrated into the rest of the design.
Durability: The metal seems to be very durable for this situation if painted surface is maintained to prevent rust.
Sustainability: The fi xture should use an effi cient, low wattage lamp where possible. Also poles should be made of renewable and high recycled content materials.
Lighting Type 4:
Box Light Fixture
Lighting Type 5:
Bell Fixture
20 .
General Observations of Lighting: Some of the lighting featured on the pier have the festive character the pier desires, where others are more utilitarian in nature. Because of the many diff erent lighting styles, no overall lighting feature contributes substantially to the pier’s character. The Type 2 Arched Fixture is the most in keeping with the desired historical compatibility and pier character but its limited use does not promote a consistent image. Currently the varied fi xtures create a variety of maintenance concerns, including corrosion in the ocean environment, bird perches, and the need for repainting. WRT has noted that a comprehensive and cohesive lighting fi xture will substantially contribute to the urban design character of the pier as well as create uniform maintenance requirements and uniform light levels. 26 While these items were not identifi ed in the scope of the Urban Design assessment and therefore not investigated to the same level as the previous items, they were observed as critical to the pier’s character and environment. These items are included here to further address the additional features that make up the urban context.
Features
Feature Type 1: Telescopes
Location: Along the northern edge of the Central Walkway; Sector Graphic: (B, D)
Number: 11
Quality assessment:
Materials: Grey painted prefabricated metal pedestals
mounted to pier decking, with a step for child’s use.
Maintenance: Moderate rust was observed. Routine
cleaning and occasional repainting is required for upkeep.
Functionality/Placement: We noticed many of the
telescopes were in use every time we visited the pier. Telescopes look out towards the beach, water, City of Santa Monica, and Santa Monica Mountains in the distance.
Durability: The telescopes appear to be high grade and
appropriate for this application.
Sustainability: No particular sustainable elements
apparent in this feature.
Feature Type 2: Designated Smoking Areas
Location: Four locations throughout the pier, two on the observation deck, one on the western edge and
southern edge of amusement park adjacent to railing.
Sector Graphic: (D, E, F, G)
Number: 8
Quality assessment:
Comfort: The platforms allow for a designated place to
smoke. Smoking is prohibited on other parts of the pier.
Materials: The grey painted plywood sheet with smoking
urn sits directly on pier decking.
Maintenance: The platform requires regular painting and clean up of garbage around smoking area.
Functionality/Placement: Smoking will be banned from
beach in the future which would eliminate the need for this element.
Durability: Smoking stations appear to address a
designated need but are not integrally designed as part of the pier.
They appear to be a temporary solution.
Sustainability: No sustainable elements in existing
feature.
General Observations of Smoking Areas: Recommendations for more compatible smoking receptacles and smoking areas will be identifi ed in the Urban Design Recommendations.
Feature 1: Telescope
Feature 2: Smoking Areas
21. 27
Feature Type 3: Fishing Utilities
Location: Lower level fi shing decks at east end of pier Sector Graphic: (E, D)
Number: 3 Sinks
Quality assessment:
The Design Guidelines identifi es that cutting boards,
cleaning sinks and railings shall be consistent and compatible with the rest of the pier. It also suggests that “new construction at fi shing pier shall also evoke whimsy and fantasy.” There is no whimsy or fantasy in these utilitarian services.
Materials: Wooden 12x24 fi sh cutting boards are located at various random intervals along the metal rail. The wood is untreated and heavily carved. Three free-standing pre-fabricated stainless steel sinks with fi sh cleaning stations.
Maintenance: The wooden cutting boards are easy to
detach and replace when necessary. The metal sink design is simple and easily cleaned using a hose.
Functionality/Placement: Sinks and water source are
easily accessible at all lower fi shing decks. Currently sinks are provided as well as wooden cutting boards attached to existing railings. There are also movable aluminum garbage bins for use by fi shermen.
Durability: Perhaps more permanent trash receptacles
could be designed for use by fi shermen specifi cally. Stainless steel sinks seem to be very high quality and used heavily. Amenities need to be durable due to heavy use of the pier by fi shermen.
Sustainability: No sustainable elements noted in existing features.
Feature Type 4: Planters (belong to restaurant-private property) Location: Near entrance to Pacifi c Park (C) and near restaurant at end of pier (E); Sector Graphic:
Number: 4
Quality assessment:
Design Guidelines: The Design Guidelines include a
statement that landscape features shall be minimized and not compete with the architecture. Species shall be compatible with the beach environment.
Materials: One wood and three plastic pots
Maintenance: Maintained adequately by concession.
Functionality/Placement: Planters can be a very pleasing site amenity; however this has not been executed successfully due to a lack of coherency.
Durability: Wood or heavy plastic planters are
appropriate and durable materials for this application. Existing planters were not in need of replacement or refurbishing.
Sustainability: Wood, especially harvested using
responsible forestry techniques, is a preferred alternative over plastic unless it is a recycled plastic product.
Feature 3: Fishing Utilities
Feature 4: Planters
22 .
28 Feature Type 5: Bike Racks
Location: Four locations with three diff erent styles of bike racks:
A row of two standard metal racks on the west side of
Pacifi c Park, one metal “low profi le” rack next to the restaurant at end of pier, one “wave” rack just east of the Carousel, and one “wave” rack at beginning of the
pedestrian walk; Sector Graphic: (D, E, F, G)
Number: 5 racks total
Quality assessment:
Materials: Metal, Blue Paint
Maintenance: Some rust on bike racks where not
painted.
Functionality/Placement: The bike rack at the entrance
of the pedestrian walk has room for eight bikes and was full upon one observation; consideration should be given to adding more parking spaces at this location. The rack at the west end of the Pier has room for eight bikes; two bikes were parked at this rack. “Low profi le” racks are less desirable because they do not support the bike on its frame; bikes to fall over more easily in this style of rack. There were no bikes parked at the other three rack sites. Effi cient rack system would help encourage fi sherman and pier visitors to use bicycle transportation.
Durability: With proper paint, bike racks should be able to survive the pier climate with little rust damage. Painted bike racks are easily scraped by bikes and locks. Stainless steel is more durable and will not rust but is more expensive.
Sustainability: Bike racks encourage non-motorized
transportation. Recycled content metals should be used wherever possible.
General Observations: Bike valet stations were introduced to the Pier in 2007 during the Twilight Dance Series and were very popular. The Urban Design Study will address possible locations for bicycle valet stations.
Feature 5: Bike Racks
23 .
Feature Type 6: Security Barriers
Location: The City installed approximately 3’x3’x3.5 boxes around the Pier.
Quality assessment:
Materials: Wood, and fi lled with sand
Maintenance: Originally, Pier Maintenance planted plants in the boxes, but the water damaged the deck boards, so the plants were removed and plywood was placed on the tops.
Functionality/Placement: Sited to create a traffi c barrier.
General Observations: These security barriers are large, and block pedestrian fl ow. Bollards that require little maintenance could serve the pier better and are recommended in the pier guidelines. If planters are to be used, we suggest that they follow the design guidelines.
Feature Type 6: Security Barriers
29 Feature Type 7: Parking Kiosk and Pedestrian Access
Location: The kiosk to the parking lot is located at the entrance to the Newcomb Deck. A pedestrian walkway, designated by chain link and raised curbs, leads pedestrians to and from the Newcomb Deck to the Municipal Pier.
Quality assessment:
Functionality/Placement: The pedestrian path,
designated by a chain link fence, is not in character with the pier and appears temporary, but the function is appropriate for protection from vehicular activity. Options such as bollards and diff erential fl ooring material can serve the same purpose and create a safe walking space for pedestrians. The Design Guidelines state that the pier is to develop a unique, pedestrian oriented environment with ease of access and user friendliness as a prime design consideration. Improvements to the pedestrian circulation will create a better pedestrian environment.
General Observations: The pedestrian walkway presents an opportunity to improve the ambiance of the Pier and create a walkway that adheres to the goals of the Design Guidelines. These goals encourage improvements that relate to the Pier and create a safe, functional and appealing circulation path and entrance to the Pier for both vehicles and pedestrians.
Feature Type 7: Parking Kiosk
Feature Type 8: Observation Deck
Location: At the west end of the Pier
Number: l
General Observations: The Observation Deck at the west end of the Pier is a rarely used resource. It is an enclosed area and access is from a staircase or by an elevator. The Observation Deck is furnished with benches and a trash can and is painted red and green, which is complementary to the adjacent Mexican Restaurant, but not to the public nature of the Pier. The Santa Monica Pier Restoration Corporation Staff has indicated that they will install historic displays in this area as part of the Pier’s 100th Anniversary. Selection of paint colors, repair of windows, replacement of light fi xtures, and installation of seating and tables would add to the ambiance. Guidance about how to treat this area will be included in the Urban Design Study.
Feature Type 8: Observation Deck
24 .
30 Feature Type 9: Display Cases
Location: Display cases are located near the Police Sub-station and the elevators at the west end.
Quality assessment:
Maintenance: Unless display cases are cleaned regularly and the material updated, they give an appearance of neglect.
Functionality/Placement: Their current location is not
an ideal spot for visitors to congregate and read. The displays are right outside of the bathrooms, they are up a level of stairs and not easily accessible to everyone, and they are tucked away out of view.
General Observations: Display cases create an opportunity to share important information about the Pier, businesses and current activities.
When part of a regular program, they create interest and educate Pier visitors.
Feature Type 9: Historic Display Cases
Feature Type 10: Pier Skirting
Location: Around the pilings of the pier where pedestrian accessibility is an issue
Quality assessment:
Materials: wood fencing
General Observations: The skirting was constructed to prevent unauthorized access under the pier and security, while the existing Design Guidelines suggest whimsical treatment. Our observation is that the skirting/fencing should not compete with the festive activity on the pier and should remain ‘background’.
Feature type 10: Pier Skirting
25 .
31 Feature Type11: Outdoor Dining Barriers
Location: Outside Pacifi c Park dining areas and restaurant located on the west end of the pier. These structures are privately maintained.
Quality assessment:
Functionality/Placement: Serve their purpose of
sectioning off and privatizing the eating spaces.
General Observations: Each restaurant on the Pier provides barriers for its outdoor dining. The Design Guidelines state that development of exterior dining, lounge and vending areas is strongly encouraged.
However to match the architectural standards of the guidelines they should still retain the whimsical character that matches the rest of the architecture, which the current barriers do not. Although these are privately constructed barriers around the tenants’ leasehold areas, they are highly visible feature of the Pier. The Urban Design Study will provide guidance about alternative designs for barriers that enhance the ambiance of the Pier.
Feature Type 11: Restaurant barrier
Feature Type 12: Gazebos
Location: Newcomb Deck, at the southeast corner of the Pier.
Number: 2
Quality assessment:
Materials: Steel, same as railing system
Maintenance: Same maintenance and material as the
railings. Yearly painting and touch-ups.
Functionality/Placement: Main seating for the volleyball courts is provided by the bleachers to the south of the parking lot. While the gazebos fi t in with the character of the pier, they are architectural “follies”.
General Observations: The Gazebos were intended to be rest areas for visitors, but lack seating, cover and functionality. In consultation with the City the Urban Design Study, will make recommendations as to how these amenities can be enhanced.
Feature Type 12: Gazebo
26 .
32 Feature Type 13: Signage
Location: Along deck. More concentrated at west end.
Quality assessment:
Functionality/Placement: WRT noticed a lack of signage
for bathroom locations and overall directional signs. Regulation signs were noticeable and suffi cient. The main Kiosk is large but placed off the main path. It provides visitors with useful information but seems to go unnoticed by many visitors.
General Observations: Signs advising the public about acceptable rules of conduct on the Pier (e.g. no diving, no alcohol, etc.) are placed throughout the Pier. These signs are of metal, about and were installed in 2007. Consolidation of information on these signs has reduced clutter. A diff erent location for the pier’s informations kiosk should be considered as well as a more inviting display around it to attract visitors. The Urban Design Study will recommend an expansion of the signage program and kiosk display.
Feature Type 13: Pier Visitor
Conduct Signs
Feature Type 13:
Visitor Kiosk
27 .
33 SANTA MONICA PIER ASSESSMENT- Quantitative Assessment Chart SECTOR OF PIER ASSESSED (Based on Graphic)
SITE FEATURE ABCDEFG Total NOTES
RailingBlue Metal 5 14 6 4 29 Metal tubing, painted blue, stainless steel cable, metal socket joints Blue Metal with Wooden Top Rail 5 14 6 4 29 Metal tubing, painted blue, stainless steel cable, wooden 2x6 railing White with Green Top Rail 5 14 6 4 29 Painted wood seat boards, painted white concrete base BenchesBlue seat/White base 5 14 6 4 29 Painted wood seat boards, painted white concrete base Blue metal 1 1 Prefabricated, powdercoated, blue metalWooden/black metal 2 2 Composite board seat, painted black metal frame
total 32TablesOrange/metal 10 10 Plastic coated metal meshRound/Colored seats 9 9 Prefabricated, painted metal
total 19Trash ReceptaclesImitation "Barrel" 31
4 Wood staves, metal bands
Concrete Cylinder with SM Logo 5 14 13 6 5 2 45 Custom made, bare cast concrete, metal logo, "Santa Monica" letteringBlue Metal Recycling 11 1 1 4 Metal vertical slats, horizontal metal bands, painted blue,"Recycle" sign Blue Metal 4 6 11 21 Metal vertical slats, horizontal metal bands, painted blue total 74CurbWood Timber Curb - Painted Yellow Bolted down timber 4x4's, painted yellowWood Timber Curb - Painted Red Bolted down timber 4x4's, painted redtotalDeckingPedestrain Areas Untreated wooden decking boardsAsphalt Covered Decking Asphalt and corrugated metal panelsParking Lot and Vehicular Decking Wooden decking boards, painted parking lot stripingtotalLightingWhite/Cobra Head 27 2 11 Standard cobra, metal pole, painted white, glass lamp, 18' highGrey/Single Curved 9 17 14 40 Metal pole, gray, tear drop glass lamp cover, 15' highWood/Double Head 3 3 Wooden pole, metal fixture
Shoe Box/deck parking 52
7 Wooden pole, box light
Green/Curved/ Bell 8
8 Metal pole, gray/green paint
total 69FeaturesTelescopes 11 Grey painted prefabricated metal pedestals Smoking Areas 2222
8 Grey painted plywood sheet with smoking urn
Fishing Amenities (sinks) 21
3 Wooden fish cleaning platforms, stainless steel sinks Planters 21
3 An assortment of wood and plastic pots
Bike racks 121
4 Metal, blue paint
34 SANTA MONICA PIER ASSESSMENT *A-Pier Entrance -Extends from Bridge entrance to parking lot entrance *B-Pier (First Half)
-Section of Asphalt topped pier
*C-Amusement Park Entrance*D-Pier(Second Half)
-End of fi rst half of pier to the observation deck
*E-Observation Deck
-Bo
*F-West and South deck
-Deck behind and to the west of the amusement park
*G-Parking DeckLegend
Pier Sectors
35 Trash Receptacle
Blue Metal-recyclable
Located full length
of Pier
-4 Total
RailingsRailing top Located full length of Pier Lighting Wooden pole fi xtureLocated around perimeter of deck at end of pier only-3 Total Bench
Wooden Bench (trex)Located inside site deck -2 Total
Trash ReceptacleSanta Monica Pier CustomLocated full length of Pier-45 Total LightingWhite overhead fi xtureLocated along fi rst half of pier-12 Total Curb
Wooden Curb (painted red)
along Pier and Deck. By Amusement park.
CurbWooden Curb (painted yellow) along Pier and Deck. By amusement park.
BenchWooden Bench- Santa Monica CustomLocated along entire stretch of pier-29 Total TableRound table with UmbrellaLocated by amusement park only-9 Total TableCoated Metal TableLocated by amusement park only-10 Total LightingGrey arched fi xtureLocated along second half of pier and west deck-40 Total
SANTA MONICA PIER ASSESSMENT
CurbWooden Curb (painted yellow) along parking deck only LightingGrey Deck FixtureLocated on east deck only-8 Total Railings
Wooden Railing top Located on east deck onlyRailingsWooden Railing top for ramp Located on east deck only DeckingDecking at transition across bridge
*A-Pier Entrance -Extends from Bridge entrance to parking lot entrance*B-Pier (First Half) -Section of Asphalt topped pier
*C-Amusement Park Entrance*D-Pier(Second Half) -End of fi rst half of pier to the observation deck*E-Observation Deck*F-West and South deck -Deck behind and to the west of the amusement park*G-Parking Deck Fact and Figures (Approx... Quantities)
Trash ReceptaclesWooden Barrel-4 TotalLocated all within the amusement park entrance-4 Total BenchMetal coated benchLocated along the west side of the deck1 Total Trash ReceptacleBlue Metal Located south deck and parking lot-21 Total Smoking Pad
Designated smoking areas throughout pier and deck-4 Total LightingGrey Parking Deck FixtureLocated in deck parking lot only-7 Total G
F
B
Amusement Railings Park
Boards designate fi shing locations.
RailingsStair railingsLocated at end of pier only
D
E
DeckingWorn and separated boards on the parking deck.
SignageFishing is allowed only at designated areas on the pier.
A
C
Metal PierAccess to underside of pier.Extends length of pier.
Parking Lot
Entrance
Observation
Tower
BenchesTablesDESCRIPTION QUANTITY STYLESTrash ReceptaclesLighting 32197469
3245
Legend
PlantersAssorted pots-3 Total
SinksSinks and cleaning stations are provided in fi shing designated areas- 3 Total Bike RacksTwo styles, many unused-4 Total
Existing Site Features
36 Santa Monica Pier Infrasturcture Assessment
Phase 2 – Upgrade Studies
Table of Contents
Subject Page
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY………………………………………………………………… ii
NEWCOMB PIER STRUCTURAL UPGRADE………………………………………….. ..1
AQUARIUM ROOF ASSESSMENT……………………………………………………... 12
MUNICIPAL PIER PHASE 4 UPGRADE………………………………………………... 14
MUNICIPAL PIER CONCRETE UPGRADE (Seaward of Bent 59) ……………………. 16 EMERGENCY GANGWAY……………………………………………………………… 18
CAROUSEL CUPOLA ONION DOME………………………………………………….. 25
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM…………………………………………………………… 29
UTILITY SYSTEMS……………………………………………………………………… 45
LIGHTING STUDY……………………………………………………………………….. 49
TEN-YEAR PLAN………………………………………………………………………… 66
URBAN DESIGN STUDY (WRT)…………………………………………...APPENDIX A
i
67 APPENDIX A
URBAN DESIGN STUDY (WRT)
This document is a part of the Santa
Monica Pier Infrastructure Assessment Study to assist in the development of the City of Santa Monica’s multi-year Capital Improvement and
Maintenance Program, led by Moffat
& Nichol.
Wallace Roberts & Todd, LLC
Planning and Design
1133 Columbia St., #205
San Diego, CA 92101
November 17, 2008
Santa Monica Pier Assessment
Recommendations Report
for Urban Design Elements
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Reccomendations
4 Site Furnishings
contents
21 Carousel Building Roof
Elizabeth R. Sedat Collection
1 The Santa Monica Pier has been an iconic element of the City and region since the early 1900’s. Unique among California piers, the Santa Monica Pier, its
history and activities, are a classic yet – whimsical stage welcoming tourists and locals alike. However, over many years of harsh coastal weather, active urban use and the addition of an eclectic mix of site furnishings (benches, lighting, trash receptacles, etc) the Pier no longer presents a cohesive atmosphere worthy of Santa Monica. This set of recommendations, based on an assessment of current conditions, is intended to guide the choices for the selection of new and replacement furnishings.
Introduction
2 The fi rst step in the process was to
review the Santa Monica Pier Design
Guidelines (Guidelines), adopted
in 1987. The Guidelines provide a
general vision for the character of the
buildings and furnishings and allow
fl exibility in accomplishing its goals.
methodology
WRT then interviewed City staff
from maintenance, public safety and
operations. The Assessment of Existing Conditions was conducted in late 2007 and presented to the Santa
Monica Pier Restoration Corporation (SMPRC) March 5, 2008, and is included as Attachment No. 1. WRT
was then directed to prepare recommendations for improving the character and function of the public spaces of the Pier.
Design alternatives were presented to
the SMPRC Operations Committee
on May 28, 2008. The alternatives included three ‘families’ of site furnishings representing a range from those of Palisades Park and South Beach to
contemporary styles and materials.
Based on this input, WRT is making
the following recommendations.
3 The Santa Monica Pier was built for the pleasure of the public in 1909. Ever since, citizens and visitors have enjoyed the amusements and relaxation of the Pier. The very nature of a pier – apart from the land, above the sea and into the sky – is a place for enjoying a remarkable set of experiences. Santa Monica’s traditions of spinning around the carousel, soaring in the Ferris wheel, gathering for picnics, entertainment, fishing, strolling, and enjoying the view remain strongly held. The nationally recognized historic structure of the Hippodrome Building and contributing elements on the Pier, combined with the purpose – for fun, sets the foundational character and style of the public realm of the Pier deck. This character has been best described as ‘whimsical.’
Two fundamental opportunities were
identifi ed in the Assessment of Existing Conditions:
1. Visual clarity, user comfort and
maintenance could be improved with
the selection of a complementary
‘family’ of site furnishings.
2. The placement of site furnishings
could assist in directing circulation
and defi ning spaces for specifi c use,
i.e. performance.
recommendations
The following recommendations are organized to guide the selection of specifi c items, i.e. benches, lights, etc., – Site Furnishings; and how to arrange them on the Pier.
4 The historic Byzantine-Moorish
styled Hippodrome at the base of the
bridge graciously marks the entrance
to the Pier. More recently constructed
buildings line the eastern portion
of Pier and are characterized by
the bold signage for the dining and
amusement attractions within. The
architecture of the distant west end
might be characterized as an eclectic
craftsman style. The site furnishings
are a mix of styles and materials and
the wood decking is compromised by
numerous anomalies of asphalt and
metal plates.
The style and character of the Pier’s
site furnishings need to be simplifi ed
to become an integrated family of
elements that is complementary of
the architecture styles and contributes
to a sophisticated sense of whimsy.
This will reduce the visual clutter
that distracts from the quality of the
Pier experience and reduce efforts in
maintenance and operation.
site furnishings
Each of the items meets basic criteria
for high quality materials that will
reasonably withstand the corrosive
coastal environment and require
minimal maintenance which contribute to a level of ‘sustainability.’ The manufacturers and model information illustrate the design intent.
Equivalent elements may be identifi ed through the City’s public bid process. Quantities are approximate,
provided for planning purposes. Figure 1 diagrammatically locates each of the site furnishing elements.
5 Figure 1, Location Diagram for Site Furnishings
6 2
7 The 6,100 linear feet of rail on the
Pier is constructed of three to four
horizontal two inch steel pipe rails,
with two inch diameter steel tube
posts and fi ttings, fi gure 2. Some
sections have a wood top rail. Stainless steel cables have been added in the horizontal direction, centered
between metal rails to create a four
inch minimum clearance. However,
current code requires vertical barriers
at minimum four inches on center.
In addition, joints vary in different
sections of the railing.
There are various materials that
could replace the railing that would
require less maintenance and present
a different aesthetic image. However,
the cost to replace the railings is
estimated at $2.75 million. A more
economical alternative is to retrofi t
the railing to meet current code for
opening size. To achieve the requirement, stainless steel cable at four inch on-center spacing should be added in
a vertical pattern.
The color of the railing should be
painted Mediterranean Blue, RAL
color system 5002 to match new
benches, tables and lighting.
railings
Figure 2 Railing
8 Figure 4 Benches by artists
Figure 3 Bench
9 The Assessment of Existing Conditions concluded that there were not enough seating and resting opportunities on the Pier. In addition, there are three types of benches on the Pier,
some of which are more comfortable
than others. The Condition Assessment Report noted that the benches on the Pier have backs and are in a
fi xed position, most facing the ocean.
These types of benches limit the visitors view. A backless bench provides more fl exibility for the visitor.
WRT recommends a new bench
standard to replace variety of existing
benches. The new benches should be
of a style that provides options for
backless benches and benches with
backs, inviting the visitor to look out
to the ocean or onto the spectacle of
performances and people on the Pier.
This report recommends the removal
of all thirty two existing benches and
the addition of forty one new backed
benches and twenty seven backless.
They should be surface mounted to
the deck and carefully located in the
locations shown in fi gure 1 to provide
a range of seating opportunities.
The recommended style of bench,
fi gure 3, is 48” Scarborough – horizontal metal strap as manufactured by Landscapeforms, fi gure 3. These
benches should all be powdercoated
by the manufacturer in ‘Ocean Blue’
to match the railing, tables and lights.
The estimated cost for each bench
is $990 for backless and $1,080 for
backed.
benches
The bench is also an opportunity to
engage public art on the Pier. Introducing public art into the seating is encouraged to build on the legacy of
‘whimsy’ of the Pier. Santa Monica,
renowned for its programs for public
art, may consider numerous options,
such as:
a. replace all existing benches
with a ‘off-the-shelf’ benches
and add a few artist-designed/
custom made benches each year,
fi gure 4;
b. locate artist-designed/custom
made benches in specifi c locations,
such as on the deck east of the
Hippodrome; or
c. engage an artist to enhance a
new set of ‘off-the-shelf’ benches.
WRT recommends establishing a
public art program to invite qualifi ed
artists to create one-of-a-kind seating
for specifi c sites along the pier.
Figure 1 illustrates the eight locations
where the off-the-shelf bench might
be replaced, over time, with an artist bench. The estimated budget for the artist benches is $12,000 each,
including artist fee, materials and
fabrication, installation, one year’s
maintenance.
10 The Assessment of Existing Conditions found that all the nineteen tables are owned and maintained by
merchants and shop owners. Their
locations serve the tenant’s use. However, there is a need for public picnic tables.
Ten of the nineteen existing tables
are the square, as shown in fi gure 5,
with red seating and table surface.
The other ten are small round tables.
The style and character of the square
metal tables, now used by tenants,
with attached bench seating is recommended above other options considered, fi gure 5.
The existing nineteen should be
replaced by merchants to match the
recommended blue color and nineteen new tables should be added (to be owned and maintained by the
City) in the locations, fi gure 1.
picnic tables
Figure 5 Picnic table
Six to ten of the new tables should
have two or three benches to invite
wheel chair users to the table.
The color of the perforated metal
table tops should be powder coated
‘Slate Blue’, as manufactured by
Wabash Valley, for movable tables:
Models SG140P - 46” Sq. Table -
Perforated and SG155P - 46” 3 - Seat
ADA Accessible Table; and for surface
mounted tables: SG229P - 46” Sq.
Table - 4 Seats - Surf. Mt - Basic
Frame - Perforated, and SG234P
- 46” Sq. Table - 3 Seats - Surf. Mt
- Basic Frame – Perforated.
11 Five types of trash receptacles were
identifi ed by the Assessment of Existing Conditions. Of the seventy four existing receptacles forty fi ve are the
recommended concrete unit, fi gure 6.
They were found to require minimal
maintenance and most durable of
the options available. Approximately
thirty new trash receptacles and
twenty new receptacles for recycled
materials should be placed as shown,
fi gure 1, for ease of use and collection. The trash receptacle model QR-CAL2832W, anodized aluminum
lid A-24 as manufactured by Quickcrete or approved equal, with the city name embossed and bronze logo inset
to match the existing units. Material to be Ecocast, made from 70% post consumer and industrial waste,
color – Erosion. The top eight inches,
including the rim, should be sealed to
minimize staining.
Receptacles for recyclable materials
need to be added to the Pier (twenty
total). They should be set next to the
trash receptacles. It is recommended
that the twenty new receptacles for
recyclable materials match the trash
receptacles with the addition of signage. Signage or other designations on the trash receptacle, is recommended to designate the specifi c use of the receptacle and educate the
public on the importance of recycling. The signage program is to be coordinated with other City agencies.
trash receptacles
Figure 6 Receptacle
The City of Santa Monica uses the
following receptacle for recyclable
materials: Recycled Recycler Excel
Series Model 900-X50-F 50 gal.
front access 25”x 22”x 49’” 115 lbs.,
‘Designer’ series, as manufactured
by Midpoint International. For the
Pier, brown recycled plastic lumber, is
recommended.
It includes a rubber baffl e to discourage inappropriate removal of materials. Figure 7 Recyclable Materials Receptacle
12 decking
The tradition of the wood deck is
important to the distinct character of
the Pier. The top decking is primarily two inch by twelve inch by twenty foot long lumber. Portions of the pier
are covered with asphalt and metal
plates. The Design Guidelines require
wood decking for the whole pier. The
ongoing program for repairing the
wood deck is encouraged to continue so that all the metal plates and asphalted areas will be removed and
replaced with wood decking.
13 Seat walls should be introduced along
the curb line, at the change in surface
elevation between the two decks. The
seat wall should be sixteen inches
tall by sixteen inches wide in various
lengths with two foot wide gaps at
approximately twenty foot intervals
to allow pedestrians to walk between,
see fi gure 1. The curb seating should
be constructed in recycled plastic
lumber/wood composite, in a medium dark brown color, fi gure 8. curbs
The Assessment of Existing Conditions noted the use of heavy timbers bolted to the pier deck to guide traffi c, defi ne the fi re lane and cover the transition between the different elevations between the Municipal Pier from the pedestrian walkway. While
the curbs could be a tripping hazard
for pedestrians and visually unappealing they also are used for seating. The fi re lane and pedestrian areas should
be defi ned by other means, i.e. bollards – see section B. Spatial Composition and Circulation. A wooden ramp should replace the asphalt infi ll
along the seam between the two piers
at the amusement facility entrances.
Figure 8, Seat wall
14 Figure 9, Decorative arched pole
Figure 10, Task lights to be added to the decorative poles 15 The Assessment of Existing Conditions revealed that there were six styles of lights on Santa Monica Pier.
The existing decorative arched poles
with the acorn light fi xtures are not
identifi ed as historic elements, but
contribute to the classic character of
the Pier. To create a cohesive image, remove clutter and improve this important visual element of the
Pier, three types of lights are recommended. All lights must provide the Pier staff the ability to control each
independently.
a. Decorative arched poles
with an acorn light fi xture, fi gure
9, are the primary character defi ning light element of the Pier. Figure 1 illustrates the locations for ninety
seven new lights on the twelve foot
tall poles at thirty eight foot spacing
around the entire pier perimeter.
This light serves pedestrians and the
light fi xtures, see the Infrastructure
Upgrades volume of the Santa Monica
Pier Assessment. The original manufacturer of the existing lights has not been determined. Replacement of a
matching pole and fi xture is feasible
and should be conducted carefully to
achieve the desired character. The recommended manufacturer is Sitelink by Holophane.
b. Task lights, fi gure 10, should
be placed on the decorative arched
poles with three to fi ve spot lights
adjustable to illuminate specifi c features, i.e. fi shing areas, boat launch, performance areas, etc. Figure 1
recommends twenty nine locations.
c. Parking lot lights should be
replaced on the Newcomb Pier. The
lighting study of the Infrastructure
Upgrades recommends a twenty fi ve
foot tall pole, spaced eighty feet
on center along the pier perimeter
to provide maximum fl exibility to
program events on the Newcomb
deck. It is estimated that fi fteen poles
, located on fi gure 1, will provide suffi cient illumination. d. Necklace Lights currently
trim the edge of the pier. It was
recommended that the existing lights
be replaced with 750 energy effi cient
LED fi xtures, at fi ve feet on center,
vandal resistant marine grade with
cast housing, high impact lens and
gasketed cast lens guard as manufactured by Cole Lighting. The estimated cost exceeded the budget. See the “Lighting Study” for alternatives
considered.
lights
16 a. Bicycle racks are currently on
the Pier, but underutilized because of
their inconvenient locations. While
bicycle riding is not encouraged on
the Pier due to potential confl icts
with pedestrians, bikes are recognized
as a popular and sustainable mode of
transportation for locals. To encourage bicycle access to the Pier new racks are recommended to replace the
existing fi ve with additional locations
for new bike racks are illustrated on
fi gure 1. The galvanized steel ‘Wave’
rack is recommended, fi gure 11, each
securing up to eight bikes, as manufactured by Bike Security Racks Co. b. Security barriers, currently
sited, are large three foot by thee foot
wooden boxes now serve as bollards
to designate pedestrian areas and
vehicle areas. It is recommended
that the wooden boxes be removed
and replaced with 127 fi xed and 14
removable bollards. Model “San Francisco”, as manufactured by Urban Accessories, fi gure 12, spaced eight
feet on-center and located as shown
on fi gure 1. These cast aluminum
furnishings should be powder coated
by the manufacturer in RAL color
system 5002 to match other furnishings.
special features
Figure 11, Bicycle rack
Figure 12, Bollard
17 c. Gazebos have been part of
the Pier for over 15 years. The two
decorative gazebos are located on the
south rail of the Pier. They were designed as performance areas, but are currently underutilized. To encourage use, it is recommended a picnic table is installed in each with a trash
receptacle nearby, and a system of
colorful fabric to animate the space
and discourage bird resting/dropping.
d. Smoking areas are currently
designated and maintained on the
Pier, fi gure 1.
The existing eight ash urns should be
replaced with eight surface mounted,
powdercoated (RAL color system
5002) aluminum ash urns, model
Grenadier as manufactured by Landscapeforms, fi gure 13.
The deck of the smoking areas should
be a solid surface to keep burning
items away from the wood Pier. Instead of the existing painted plywood, it is recommended that a four foot by
eight foot deck of tightly set recycled
plastic lumber, one inch thick (or
less) by six inches wide, tongue and
groove, a medium dark brown color,
is installed directly on the wood Pier.
It is recommended that the environmental graphics program direct smokers to the designated areas.
Figure 13, Ash Urn
18 e. Signage is an important
interface between the public and the
facilities of the Pier, as well as key to
the identity of the public places, the
merchants and shop owners. Signage
for individual tenants and merchants
are required to follow the Architectural Design Guidelines. These recommendations are for the public
signs.
The Assessment of Existing Conditions found recently installed signs that provide consolidated information about rules and regulations that apply to the Pier. However other
signage on the Pier is inconsistent
in its character, quality, message and
placement.
A comprehensive environmental
graphics program should be developed to direct the replacement and addition of signage on the Santa
Monica Pier. The graphics program
should be based on what and how
information is delivered. It should
include an interpretive program addressing cultural resources, natural history, and functions of the pier. The
graphics program should coordinate
the character of interpretive signage
with that needed for directional and
regulatory information. The solution
should serve the Pier for fi fteen to
twenty years allowing an amount of
fl exibility with high quality materials
located to minimize clutter and focus
the message to the public.
Figure 14, Interpretive Panel, by Mortar & Ink
19 The historic information displayed
near the police sub-station at the
west end of the Pier may be more
effectively displayed in a series of
panels along the railing, see fi gure 14.
Porcelain enamel is recommended for
interpretive signs. This technique and
use of materials is proven to hold up
well in the ocean climate and deliver
hi-quality graphic detail. The size
could vary within the system. Figure
1 identifi es up to eight potential locations for interpretive information.
Regulatory and directional components may be aluminum to fi t within the city’s signage program.
The existing information kiosk is a
helpful and attractive element, fi gure
15. Two additional kiosks are recommended as located on fi gure 1.
Figure 15, Kiosk
Centennial anniversary signage
should be considered temporary, unless it can be included in the comprehensive environmental graphics program. To assist in the effi cient and
effectiveness of a temporary program
the PRC should consider:
• Defi ning the identity of the
year long event;
• Building on the City’s environmental signage program and production capabilities;
• Utilizing materials that can be
recycled appropriately; and
• Engaging local sponsors.
20 f. Performance areas are managed by the SMPRC, fi gure 1. These open spaces along the edge of the
Pier, between the emergency vehicle
access path and the railing. These
sites should be marked with a painted
white star on the wood deck as de- fi ned by the environmental graphics program.
g. Vendor carts are managed by
the City of Santa Monica in locations
shown on fi gure 1. They are marked
on the deck with a painted white
“T”.
21 The Santa Monica Looff Hippodrome building is listed National Historic Landmark, National Register Number: 87000766.
Statement of Signifi cance (as of designation - February 27, 1987):
The principal historic element of the formerly extensive collection of amusement facilities at the Santa Monica (Looff) Amusement Pier, this is a rare, intact example of an early shelter structure built (1916) to house a carousel in an amusement park and the better preserved of the two such structures that remain on the West Coast.
http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1979&ResourceType=Building carousel building roof
Historic photos of the Santa Monica
Looff Hippodrome (Carousel Building) show the elegant curved funnel shaped roof rising to the central ‘onion
dome’ on a cupola. The perimeter
of the building has octagonal shaped
turrets at the corners of the building.
The northeast corner is wider and
taller than the other three. Each of the
turrets may have had a viewing deck
on the fl at roofs with a railing. Three
dome shaped features were equally
spaced along the roofl ine of each
façade.
22 Currently the metal funnel roof rises
out of a fl at roof with the wood cupola
sitting on top. Missing is the ‘onion
dome’ cupola roof, the railing around
the perimeter of the turret roofs and
the twelve dome shaped features.
The 1987 Design guidelines note that
the Carousel Building was “already
restored”, page 56. The graphics of
the design guidelines to not indicate
the reconstruction of the ‘onion dome’
or the dome shaped features around
the building perimeter.
Construction plans and specifi cations
for Roofi ng and Cupola Replacement
were prepared in 1997 by Pugh Scarpa
Kodama. They call for the removal of
the existing fl at roof portion to the
underlying curved sheathing. They do
not address the dome shaped features
around the building perimeter.
The City of Santa Monica’s Landmarks Commission adheres to the National Park Service—Secretary of
the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties. Decisions and agreement concerning the Carousel Building roof should be confi rmed prior to further action.
Recommendations:
1. Confi rm specifi c elements to
be reconstructed to meet the Santa
Monica Landmark Commission’s
requirements and agreements to
maintain the National Historic
Landmark status of the building.
2. Update the Roofi ng and
Cupola Replacement Plans to
meet current building and safety
codes and the Secretary of the
Interior’s Standards (including, but
not limited to, the restoration of
the turrets, addition of perimeter
dome shaped features if necessary).