City-Wide Energy Efficiency, Renewables, and
Microgrid Feasibility Study
Agreement No. F002238
Submitted to:
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation and Public Works Department
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
Submitted by:
AECOM T echnical Services, Inc.
July 29, 2021
Attachment 1
City of Santa Rosa
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Table of Contents
1 Executive Summary ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 12
1.1 Energy Efficiency ............................................................................................................................... 12
1.2 Solar Photovoltaics Systems........................................................................................................ 13
1.3 Microgrid Solutions........................................................................................................................... 13 2 Energy Survey and Utility Analysis ................................ ................................ .................... 15
2.1 Electric Rate Structure..................................................................................................................... 15
2.1.1 B19SV Rate Structure....................................................................................................... 16
2.1.2 B10 Rate Structure ............................................................................................................ 17
2.1. 3 B6 Rate Structure ............................................................................................................... 18
2.1. 4 B1 Rate Structure ............................................................................................................... 19
2.2 Natural Gas Rate Structure ............................................................................................................ 20
2.3 Site Utility Consumption and End-Use Analysis .................................................................... 20
2.3.1 Chamber Building ............................................................................................................... 21
2.3. 2 City Hall ................................................................................................................................... 24
2.3. 3 City Hall Annex ..................................................................................................................... 27
2.3. 4 Deturk Round Barn ............................................................................................................. 30
2.3. 5 Finley Park Community Center...................................................................................... 33
2.3. 6 Finley Swim Center ............................................................................................................ 36
2.3. 7 Finley Park Senior Center ................................................................................................ 39
2.3. 8 Sonoma County Museum................................................................................................ 41
2.3. 9 Railroad Depot ..................................................................................................................... 44
2.3. 10 Public Safety Building........................................................................................................ 45
2.3. 11 Ridgeway Swim Center..................................................................................................... 49
2.3. 12 Sam Jones Hall.................................................................................................................... 52
2.3. 13 Steele Lane Community Center.................................................................................... 54
2.3. 14 Maintenance Service Center North (MSCN)............................................................. 57
2.3. 15 Maintenance Service Center South (MSCS) ............................................................ 61
2.3. 16 Fire Station Training Complex........................................................................................ 64
2.3. 17 Fire Administration a nd Station 10 .............................................................................. 68
2.3. 18 Fire Station 2 ........................................................................................................................ 71
2.3. 19 Fire Station 3 ........................................................................................................................ 74
2.3. 20 Fire Station 4 ........................................................................................................................ 77
2.3. 21 Fire Station 5 ........................................................................................................................ 80
2.3. 22 Fire Station 6 ........................................................................................................................ 83 City of Santa Rosa
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2.3.23 Fire Station 7 ........................................................................................................................ 86
2.3.24 Fire Station 11...................................................................................................................... 89
2.3. 25 Church of One Tree ........................................................................................................... 92
2.3. 26 4Cs Sonoma County Day Care ..................................................................................... 95
2.3. 27 Apple Valley Modular......................................................................................................... 96
2.3. 28 Sonoma Brookwood Center........................................................................................... 98 3 Energy Efficiency ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 100
3.1 Energy Efficiency Measures ....................................................................................................... 104
3.1.1 EEM 1.0 Lighting and Lighting Controls Upgrades............................................. 104
3.1. 2 EEM 2 City Hall Packaged Unit Replacement ....................................................... 107
3.1. 3 EEM 3.2 City Hall Annex Packaged AC Units to CHW ....................................... 110
3.1. 4 EEM 3.3 & 3.4 City Hall Annex Multi-Zone to VAV Conversion ...................... 111
3.1. 5 EEM 3.5 City Hall Annex Variable Refrigera nt Flow System ............................ 114
3.1. 6 EEM 3.6 City Hall Annex Boiler Replacement........................................................ 115
3.1. 7 EEM 3.7 City Hall Annex Replace Packaged Units with Heat Pumps........... 117
3.1. 8 EEM 4.1 MSCN Packaged Unit Replacement and HVAC Upgrades ............ 118
3.1. 9 EEM 4.3 MSCN Chiller Replacement........................................................................ 121
3.1. 10 EEM 4.4 MSCN Boiler Replacement ......................................................................... 123
3.1. 11 EEM 5.1 Public Safety Building Chiller Plant Upgrades ..................................... 124
3.1. 12 EEM 5.2 Public Safety Building AHU Replacement............................................. 127
3.1. 13 EEM 5.3 New VAV Units at Public Safety Building............................................... 129
3.1. 14 EEM 5.5 and 5.6 Unitary Communication AC Unit Upgrades ......................... 130
3.1. 15 EEM 6.1 MSCS Package Unit Replacement.......................................................... 132
3.1. 16 EEM 7 Chamber Building Package Unit Replacement ...................................... 133
3.1. 17 EEM 8 Finley Park Community Center Package Unit Replacement ............. 135
3.1. 18 EEM 9 Steele Lane Community Center Package Unit Replacement........... 137
3.1. 19 EEM 10 Energy Ma nagement and Control System............................................ 139
3.2 EEMS Requiring Further Investigation .................................................................................... 147
3.2.1 MSCN Interconnect Shop Boiler Systems ............................................................ 147
3.2. 2 Finley Swim Center Replace Hea ting and Ventilation Unit............................... 148
3.2. 3 Kitchen Hood Controls .................................................................................................. 148
3.3 EEMS Evaluated but not Recommended .............................................................................. 149
3.3.1 City Hall Annex Replace Chiller with Heat Recovery Chiller............................. 149
3.3. 2 PSB – New High Efficiency Central Plant (No Heat Recovery) ........................ 150
3.3. 3 Envelope Upgrades ........................................................................................................ 152
3.4 Measurement and Verification .................................................................................................. 153 City of Santa Rosa
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4 Solar Photovoltaic Systems ................................ ................................ .......................... 158
4.1 Backgro und and Existing Conditions ...................................................................................... 158
4.2 Preliminary Site Layouts............................................................................................................... 164
4.3 Measurement and Verification .................................................................................................. 167
4.4 Assumptions .................................................................................................................................... 167 5 Microgrid Feasibility ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 168
5.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................ 168
5.2 Site Visit and Analysis Methodology ....................................................................................... 170
5.2.1 Site Visit............................................................................................................................... 170
5.2.2 Technical Assessment Approach ............................................................................. 171
5.2. 3 Maintenance Service Center North (MSCN).......................................................... 171
5.2. 4 Maintenance Service Center South (MSCS) ......................................................... 172
5.2. 5 City Hall AND City Hall Annex ...................................................................................... 173
5.2. 6 Public Safety Building..................................................................................................... 175
5.2.7 F
inley Park Complex ....................................................................................................... 176
5.2. 8 Financial Analysis............................................................................................................. 178
5.2. 9 Value Proposition, Ownership and Operation model......................................... 179 Appendix A – Solar PV Layouts ................................ ................................ ........................... 183 Appendix B – Solar PVsyst Reports ................................ ................................ ..................... 184 Appendix C – Electrical Single Line Diagrams ................................ ................................ ...... 185 Appendix D – Energy Efficiency Attachments ................................ ................................ ...... 186
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List of Tables
Table 1| Ener gy an d C ost Savin gs* ............................................................................................................................. 13 Table 2 | Sum mar y of Electric al Tar iffs........................................................................................................................ 15 Table 3 | B19SV Effective Rate Change ..................................................................................................................... 17 Table 4 | B10SV Effective Rate Charges .................................................................................................................... 18 Table 5 | B6 Effective Rate Charges ............................................................................................................................ 19 Table 6 | B1 Effective Rate Charges ............................................................................................................................ 20 Table 7 | PGE Natural Gas Rate Charges 2021 ......................................................................................................... 20 Table 8 | Chamber Building End Use Allocation ........................................................................................................ 23 Table 9 | C ity Hall C om plex En d Use Allocat ion ........................................................................................................ 26 Table 10 | Cit y Hall Annex Bu ildin g En d Use Allocation ........................................................................................... 29 Table 11 | Deturk Round Barn End Use Allocation ................................................................................................... 32 Table 12 | Fin ley Commun ity Center En d Use Allocat ion ....................................................................................... 35 Table 13 | Fin ley Swim Center En d Use Allocat ion................................................................................................... 38 Table 14 | Fin ley Senior Center En d Use Allocat ion................................................................................................. 40 Table 15 | Sonoma County Museum End Use Allocation ....................................................................................... 43 Table 16 | Railroad De pot En d Use Allocat ion........................................................................................................... 45 Table 17 | Pu blic Safet y B uildin g En d Use Allocat ion .............................................................................................. 48 Table 18 | Ridgeway Swim Center End Use Allocation............................................................................................ 51 Table 19 | Sam Jones Hall En d Use Allocat ion ......................................................................................................... 53 Table 20 | Steele Lane Community Center End Use Allocation ............................................................................ 56 Table 21 | Mun icipal Service Ce nter North C om plex En d Use Allocat ion ........................................................... 60 Table 22 | Mun icipal Service Ce nter South En d Use Alloc ation ............................................................................ 63 Table 23 |F ire Tr ain ing Complex En d Use Alloc ation ............................................................................................... 67 Table 24 | Fire Admin istrat ion an d Stat ion 10 End Use Allocation........................................................................ 70 Table 25 | Fire Stat ion 2 En d Use Allocation.............................................................................................................. 73 Table 26 | Fire Stat ion 3 En d Use Allocation.............................................................................................................. 76 Table 27 | Fire Stat ion 4 En d Use Allocation.............................................................................................................. 79 Table 28 |F ire Station 5 En d Use Alloc ation............................................................................................................... 82 Table 29 | Fire Stat ion 6 En d Use Allocation.............................................................................................................. 85 Table 30 | Fire Stat ion 7 En d Use Allocation.............................................................................................................. 88 City of Santa Rosa
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Table 31 | Fire Stat ion 11 End Use Alloc ation ........................................................................................................... 91 Table 32 | Church of One Tree End Use Allocation.................................................................................................. 94 Table 33 | 4C s S onoma C ount y Day Care En d Use Alloc ation.............................................................................. 95 Table 34 | Apple V alley Modular En d Use Allocat ion ............................................................................................... 97 Table 35 | Son oma Brookwood Center End Use Alloc ation................................................................................... 98 Table 36 | Summ ary of EEM Ener gy an d F inanc ial Performance ........................................................................102 Table 37 | EEM 1 – Lig hti ng a nd Lig hti ng C ontrols Upgr ade Savin gs Details...................................................104 Table 38 | Qu antit y of Fixture s Upgrade d at Main F acilitie s .................................................................................105 Table 39 | Qu antit y of Fixture s Upgrade d at S mall F acilit ies ................................................................................106 Table 40 | Qu antit y of Fixture s Upgrade d at Leased Fac ilities ............................................................................106 Table 41 | EEM 1.0 – As sumed Lighting Hours Per Space Type .........................................................................107 Table 42 | EEM 2.0 – Cit y Hall Packaged Un it Re placement Sav in gs Details ...................................................107 Table 43 | Cit y Hall AC Units Identified for Re placeme nt ......................................................................................109 Table 44 | Cit y Hall Annex P ackaged Un it to CHW Sav ings Det ails ....................................................................110 Table 45 | Cit y Hall Annex AC Units Identified for Replacement .........................................................................111 Table 46 | Cit y Hall Annex Multi-Zone to VAV Conversion Savings Details ......................................................111 Table 47 | Schedule of VAV Control Points Per Box ..............................................................................................113 Table 48 | Schedule of Control Points for the New AHU.......................................................................................113 Table 49 | Cit y Hall Annex VRF System Savings Details .......................................................................................114 Table 50 | Cit y Hall Annex B oiler Re placement Sav ings Det ails ..........................................................................115 Table 51 | Boilers Identified for Replacement .........................................................................................................116 Table 52 | City Hall Annex Packaged Unit Replacement Savings Details..........................................................117 Table 53 | Pack age d AC Unit s Identifie d for Re placement...................................................................................118 Table 54 | MSCN Packaged Unit Replacement and HVAC Upgrades Savings Detail ....................................118 Table 55 | Packaged Units at MSCN Identified for Replacement........................................................................120 Table 56 | MSCN Chiller Replacement Unit Replacement Savings Details.......................................................122 Table 57 | Chiller at MSCN Identified for Replacement .........................................................................................122 Table 58 | MSCN Boiler Replacement Unit Replacement Savings Details ........................................................123 Table 59 | Boiler Ident ifie d for Re placement at MSCN ..........................................................................................124 Table 60 | PSB Ch iller Plant Upgrade s Savin gs Details .........................................................................................124 Table 61 | Recommended Control Points for a Water-Coole d Chiller ...............................................................126 Table 62 | Recommen de d C ontrol Points for a C oolin g Tower w ith Var iable S pee d fan...............................126 City of Santa Rosa
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Table 63 | Recommen de d C ontrol Points for V ariable Flow Pu m ps w ith VFD s ...............................................126 Table 64 | PSB Ch iller Plant Upgrade s Savin gs Details .........................................................................................127 Table 65 | AHUs at PSB Identified for Replacement ..............................................................................................128 Table 66 | Recommended Control Points for AHUs at PSB .................................................................................128 Table 67 | PSB New V AV Un its S avin gs Details ......................................................................................................129 Table 68 | Recommended Control Points for the New VAV Boxes ....................................................................130 Table 69 | PSB C om munic ation AC Units Savings Details ...................................................................................131 Table 70 | Pack age d Unit s Identifie d for Replace ment .........................................................................................132 Table 71 | MSCN Packaged Unit Replacement Savings Details .........................................................................132 Table 72 | Pack age d AC Unit s Identifie d for Re placement at MSCS ................................................................. 133 Table 73 | Cham ber B uilding Pack age d Unit Replace ment Sav ings Det ails.....................................................133 Table 74 | Pack age d AC Units Identified for Replacement at the Chamber Building .....................................135 Table 75 | Finley Park Community Center Packaged Unit Replacement Savings Detail................................135 Table 76 | Pack age d AC Unit s Identifie d for Re placement at Fin ley Park C omm unit y Center .....................137 Table 77 | Steele Lane Community Center Packaged Unit Replacement Savings Detail..............................137 Table 78 | Packaged AC Units Identified for Replacement at Steele Community Center .............................139 Table 79 | EEM 10 – Energy Management and Control System Savings Details ............................................139 Table 80 | Monitor and Control Points for a Packaged AC Unit with DX Cooling and Natural Gas Furnace ...........................................................................................................................................................................................141 Table 81 | Monitor and Control Points for a VAV AHU equipped with Supply Fans, Return Fans, and Econ omizer.....................................................................................................................................................................141 Table 82 | Monit or an d C ontrol Points for a V AV B ox with Hot Water Reheat..................................................142 Table 83| Mon itor an d C ontrol Points for a Stan dar d V AV B ox ...........................................................................142 Table 84 | Monit or an d C ontrol Points for a Water-C ooled Chiller .....................................................................143 Table 85 | Monit or an d C ontrol Points for an Air-C oole d Chiller .........................................................................143 Table 86 | Monit or an d C ontrol Points for Cooling Tower with Variable Speed Fan .......................................143 Table 87 | Monit or an d C ontrol Points for a HHW Boiler .......................................................................................143 Table 88 | Monit or an d C ontrol Points for a C onst ant Hydron ic Pu mp .............................................................144 Table 89 | Monit or an d C ontrol Points for a Var iable F low Hydron ic Pu mp ......................................................144 Table 90 | Monit orin g P oint s for a Micr oturbine Combined Heat and Power System ....................................145 Table 91 | Monit orin g P oint s for a P ool Heatin g S ystem ......................................................................................145 Table 92 | Cit y Hall Annex Ch iller Ident ifie d for Re placement ..............................................................................150 City of Santa Rosa
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Table 93 | M&V Plan Outline ........................................................................................................................................155 Table 94 | PV Weighted Score Site Table ................................................................................................................158 Table 95 | Prelimin ary PV S ystem Summ arie s ........................................................................................................166 Table 96 | List of Fac ilitie s, Areas, an d Associate d Utilit y Side Meter ................................................................170 Table 97 | Microgrid asset sizin g for MSCN.............................................................................................................172 Table 98 | Microgrid Asset Sizing for MSCS............................................................................................................173 Table 99 | Microgrid asset sizin g for C ity Hall/Annex.............................................................................................174 Table 100 | Micr ogr id Asset S izin g for Pu blic Safet y B uilding .............................................................................176 Table 101 | Micr ogr id Asset S izin g for Finle y Park C om plex................................................................................177 Table 102 | Utilit y Cost C ompar ison..........................................................................................................................179 Table 103 | Cost Estimates and Breakdown for Microgrid Deployment ...........................................................182
List of Figures
Figure 1 | PG E and SCP Seasons B19SV ................................................................................................................... 16 Figure 2 | PGE and SCP Summer Rates by Time of Day B19SV............................................................................ 16 Figure 3 | PGE and SCP Winter Rates by Time of Day B19SV ............................................................................... 16 Figure 4 | PGE and SCP Seasons B10 ........................................................................................................................ 17 Figure 5 | PGE and SCP Summer Rates by Time of Day B10 ................................................................................. 17 Figure 6 | PGE and SCP Winter Rates by Time of Day B10..................................................................................... 17 Figure 7 | PGE and SCP Seasons B6........................................................................................................................... 18 Figure 8 | PGE and SCP Summer Rates by Time of Day B6 ................................................................................... 18 Figure 9 | PGE and SCP Winter Rates by Time of Day B6 ....................................................................................... 18 Figure 10 | PGE a nd SCP Seas o ns B1 ........................................................................................................................ 19 Figure 11 | PGE and SCP Summer Rates by Time of Day B1 ................................................................................. 19 Figure 12 | PG E an d SC P Winter Rate s by Time of Day B 1..................................................................................... 20 Figure 13 | Chamber Building Average Hourly Load Profile 2019......................................................................... 22 Figure 14 | Cham ber B uilding Ut ilit y C on sum ption 2019........................................................................................ 22 Figure 15 | Cham ber B uilding Ut ilit y C osts 2019 ...................................................................................................... 23 Figure 16 | Cham ber B uilding En d Use Pie Chart...................................................................................................... 24 Figure 17 | Cit y Hall C om plex Average Hour ly Load Profile 2019 ......................................................................... 25 Figure 18 Cit y Hall C om ple x Ut ilit y C on sum ption 2019.......................................................................................... 25 City of Santa Rosa
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Figure 19 Cit y Hall C om ple x Ut ilit y C osts 2019 ........................................................................................................ 26 Figure 20 | Cit y Hall C om plex En d Use Pie Ch art ...................................................................................................... 27 Figure 21 Cit y Hall Annex B uildin g Average Hourly L oad Pr ofile 2019 ................................................................ 28 Figure 22 Cit y Hall Annex B uildin g Ut ilit y C on sum ption 2019 ............................................................................... 28 Figure 23 Cit y Hall B uilding Ut ilit y C osts 2019. ......................................................................................................... 29 Figure 24 | Cit y Hall C om plex En d Use Pie Ch art ...................................................................................................... 30 Figure 25 | Deturk Round Barn Average Hourly Load Profile 2019....................................................................... 31 Figure 26 | Deturk Round Barn Utilit y C onsu mpt ion 2019...................................................................................... 31 Figure 27 | Deturk Round Barn Utility Costs 2019.................................................................................................... 32 Figure 28 | Deturk Round Barn End Use Pie Chart ................................................................................................... 33 Figure 29 | Finley Park Community Center Average Hourly Load Profile 2019.................................................. 34 Figure 30 | Finley Park Community Center Utility Con sum pt ion 2019................................................................. 34 Figure 31 Fin le y C ommun it y Center Ut ility Costs 2019.......................................................................................... 35 Figure 32 | Finley Community Center End Use Pie Chart........................................................................................ 36 Figure 33 | Fin ley Swim Center Ut ilit y C on sum ption 2019 ..................................................................................... 37 Figure 34 | Fin ley Swim Center Ut ilit y C osts 2019 ................................................................................................... 37 Figure 35 | Fin ley Swim Center En d Use Pie Chart ................................................................................................... 38 Figure 36 | Finley Senior Center Average Hourly Load Profile 2019 .................................................................... 39 Figure 37 | Fin ley Senior Center Ut ilit y C on sum ption 2019 ................................................................................... 40 Figure 38 | Fin ley Senior Center Ut ilit y C osts 2019 ................................................................................................. 40 Figure 39 | Finley Community Center End Use Pie Chart........................................................................................ 41 Figure 40 | Sonoma County Museum Average Hourly Load Profile 2019 .......................................................... 42 Figure 41 | Sonoma County Museum Utility Consumption 2019 ......................................................................... 42 Figure 42 | Sonoma County Museum Utility Costs 2019 ....................................................................................... 43 Figure 43 | Sonoma County Museum End Use Pie Chart ....................................................................................... 44 Figure 44 | Railr oad De pot En d Use Pie Chart ........................................................................................................... 45 Figure 45 | Public Safety Building Average Hourly Load Profile 2019.................................................................. 46 Figure 46 | Pu blic Safet y B uildin g Natural Gas C onsu mpt ion Comparison 2019 an d 2020 ........................... 47 Figure 47 Pu blic S afety Buildin g Utility Con su mpt ion ............................................................................................. 47 Figure 48 Pu blic S afety Buildin g Utility Costs ........................................................................................................... 48 Figure 49 Pu blic S afety Buildin g End Use P ie Ch art ................................................................................................ 49 Figure 50 Ridgeway Swim Center Average Hourly Load Profile 2019................................................................. 50 City of Santa Rosa
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Figure 51 | Ridgeway Sw im Ce nter Utilit y C onsum ption 2019 .............................................................................. 50 Figure 52 | Ridgeway Sw im Ce nter Utilit y C ost s 2019 ............................................................................................ 51 Figure 53 R idgew ay Swim Center En d Use Pie Chart.............................................................................................. 52 Figure 54 | Sam Jone s Hall En d Use Pie Chart.......................................................................................................... 53 Figure 55 | Steele Lane Community Center Average Hourly Load Profile 2019 ............................................... 54 Figure 56 | Steele Lane Community Center Utility Consumption 2019............................................................... 55 Figure 57 | Steele Lane Community Center Utility Costs 2019............................................................................. 55 Figure 58 | Steele Lane Community Center End Use Pie Chart ............................................................................ 56 Figure 59 | Municipal Service Center North Complex Average Hourly Load Profile 2019 .............................. 59 Figure 60 | Municipal Service Ce nter North C om ple x Ut ilit y C on sum ption 2019 ............................................. 59 Figure 61 | Mun icipal Service Ce nter North C om ple x Ut ilit y C osts 2019............................................................ 60 Figure 62 | Mun icipal Service Ce nter North C om ple x En d Use Pie Chart ........................................................... 61 Figure 63 | Municipal Service Center South Average Hourly Load Profile 2019 ............................................... 62 Figure 64 | Mun icipal Service Ce nter South Utilit y C onsu mpt ion 2019 .............................................................. 62 Figure 65 | Municipal Service Ce nter South Utilit y C ost s 2019 ............................................................................ 63 Figure 66 | Mun icipal Service Ce nter South C om plex En d Use Pie Chart........................................................... 64 Figure 67 | Fire Stat ion Trainin g C om plex Hourly L oad Pr ofile 2019.................................................................... 65 Figure 68 | Fire Stat ion Trainin g C om plex Ut ility Con sum ption 2019 .................................................................. 66 Figure 69 | Fire Stat ion Trainin g C om plex Ut ility Costs 2019 ................................................................................ 66 Figure 70 | Fire Train in g C om plex E nd Us e Pi e Cha rt .............................................................................................. 67 Figure 71 | Fire Admin istr ation an d Stat ion 10 Hourly L oad Profile 2019 ........................................................... 68 Figure 72 | Fire Admin istr ation an d Stat ion 10 Ut ility Con sum ption 2019 .......................................................... 69 Figure 73 | Fire Admin istr ation an d Stat ion 10 Ut ility Costs 2019 ........................................................................ 69 Figure 74 | Fire Admin istr ation an d Stat ion 10 End Use P ie Chart........................................................................ 70 Figure 75 | Fire Stat ion 2 Hour ly Load Profile 2019 ................................................................................................. 71 Figure 76 | Fire Stat ion 2 Utilit y C onsu m ption 2019 ................................................................................................ 72 Figure 77 | Fire Stat ion 2 Utilit y C ost s 2019 .............................................................................................................. 72 Figure 78 | Fire Stat ion 2 En d Use Pie Ch art.............................................................................................................. 73 Figure 79 | Fire Stat ion 3 Hour ly Load Profile 2019 ................................................................................................. 74 Figure 80 | Fire Stat ion 3 Utilit y C onsu m ption 2019 ................................................................................................ 75 Figure 81 | Fire Stat ion 3 Utilit y C ost s 2019 .............................................................................................................. 75 Figure 82 | Fire Stat ion 3 En d Use Pie Ch art.............................................................................................................. 76 City of Santa Rosa
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Figure 83 | Fire Stat ion 4 Hour ly Load Profile 2019 ................................................................................................. 77 Figure 84 | Fire Stat ion 4 Utilit y C onsu m ption 2019 ................................................................................................ 78 Figure 85 | Fire Stat ion 4 Utilit y C ost s 2019 .............................................................................................................. 78 Figure 86 | Fire Stat ion 4 En d Use Pie Cha rt.............................................................................................................. 79 Figure 87 | Fire Stat ion 5 Hour ly Load Profile 2019 ................................................................................................. 80 Figure 88 | Fire Stat ion 5 Utilit y C onsu m ption 2019 ................................................................................................ 81 Figure 89 | Fire Stat ion 5 Utilit y C ost s 2019 .............................................................................................................. 81 Figure 90 | Fire Stat ion 5 En d Use Pie Ch art.............................................................................................................. 82 Figure 91 | Fire Stat ion 6 Hour ly Load Profile 2019 ................................................................................................. 83 Figure 92 Fire St ation 6 Ut ilit y C on sum ption 2019.................................................................................................. 84 Figure 93 | Fire Stat ion 6 Utilit y C ost s 2019 .............................................................................................................. 84 Figure 94 | Fire Stat ion 6 En d Use Pie Ch art.............................................................................................................. 85 Figure 95 | Fire Stat ion 7 Hour ly Load Profile 2019 ................................................................................................. 86 Figure 96 | Fire Stat ion 7 Utilit y C onsumption 2019 ................................................................................................ 87 Figure 97 | Fire Stat ion 7 Utilit y C ost s 2019 .............................................................................................................. 87 Figure 98 | Fire Stat ion 7 En d Use Pie Ch art.............................................................................................................. 88 Figure 99 | Fire Stat ion 11 Hourly L oad Profile 2019 ............................................................................................... 89 Figure 100 | Fire Station 11 Utility Consumption 2019 ........................................................................................... 90 Figure 101 | Fire Station 11 Utility Costs 2019 ......................................................................................................... 90 Figure 102 | F ire Station 11 En d Use Pie Chart ......................................................................................................... 91 Figure 103 | Church of One Tree Hourly Load Profile 2019 ................................................................................... 92 Figure 104 | Church of One Tree Utility Consumption 2019.................................................................................. 93 Figure 105 | Church of One Tree Utility Costs 2019................................................................................................ 93 Figure 106 | Church of One Tree End Use Pie Chart ............................................................................................... 94 Figure 107 | 4Cs Sonoma County Day Care End Use Pie Chart ........................................................................... 96 Figure 108: Apple Valle y Modular End Use P ie Chart .............................................................................................. 97 Figure 109 | Sonoma Brookwood Center End Use Pie Chart ................................................................................ 99 Figure 110 | Each wing of City Hall has approxim ately four to five packaged AC units all over 20 years old that are recommended for replacement. .................................................................................................................108 Figure 111 | VAV upgrades can minim ize the simultaneous heating and cooling required for typical zone control of the multi-zone system to reduce both energy and operating costs at the City Hall Annex. ......112 Figure 112 | Replacing the two 30-year old, 300-MBH boilers at City Hall Annex can improve energy efficiency and reduce the City’s natural gas usage. ..............................................................................................116 City of Santa Rosa
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Figure 113 | Bypass on TOB=01 Unit to be eliminated .........................................................................................120 Figure 114 | B ypass on TOB-02 Unit t o be e lim inate d ..........................................................................................121 Figure 115: Old Barber C olman C ontrol Panel loc ated at MSCS ........................................................................140 Figure 116 | A P lace to P lay Preliminary Layout......................................................................................................164 Figure 117 | MSCN Preliminary PV Layout ...............................................................................................................165 Figure 118 | Q1 2018 benchmark by location: 200-kW co mmerci al PV sy s tem cos t (201 8 U SD/Wd c) ...167 Figure 119 | S im plifie d Microgrid Layout..................................................................................................................168 Figure 120 | PG&E Outages Key Performance Indicators ....................................................................................169 Figure 121 | MSCN Time Series*................................................................................................................................172 Figure 122 | MSCS Time Series* ................................................................................................................................173 Figure 123 | Existin g Stan dby Generat or Location for Cit y Hall ..........................................................................174 Figure 124 | C ity Hall Time Serie s*.............................................................................................................................175 Figure 125 | C ity Hall Annex Time Serie s* ................................................................................................................175 Figure 126 | P ublic S afet y Bu ildin g Time Serie s* ....................................................................................................176 Figure 127 | Finley Community Center Time Series* .............................................................................................177 Figure 128 | S olar PV P otential for Each Micr ogrid Site ........................................................................................178 Figure 129 | Micr ogr id Value Proposition .................................................................................................................180
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Executive Summary
As California moves towards complete grid decarbonization and elimination of fossils fuels for both stationary and non-stationary sources, state agencies and cities are developing, finalizing and deploying strategic implementation plans to meet the state mandated goals. In addition to focusing on deferred maintenance opportunities and renewable energy sources, these entities are also very much focused on improving the resiliency of their operations in light of the ever-increasing frequency of natural disasters and catastrophic climate events. City of Santa Rosa (Santa Rosa), in the past 10 years, has endured a continuously lengthening wildfire season and has suffered significant losses in multiple wildfires (i.e., Tubbs, Kincade, and Glass). These fires along with the Covid-19 pandemic, have impacted Santa Rosa’s short- and long-term goals as documented in the Municipal Operations Climate Action Plan.
This detailed feasibility study for which Santa Rosa selected AECOM through a competitive process, will help the city identify cost-effective opportunities for reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and improving the resiliency of city’s operations. Under this scope, AECOM has performed a detailed investigation and study to analyze the feasibility of deploying microgrids at two City buildin g clusters as well as identify opportunities for installation solar photovoltaics and energy efficiency measures at all City facilities and parks.
A total of 47 city facilities and 63 parks are included in the scope of which 9 buildings have also been investigated for microgrid deployment. Utilizing the data obtained during our detailed site visits and the information provided by Santa Rosa the AECOM has been able to develop a comprehensive suite of solutions across the three main aspects of the scope:
1.1 Energy Efficiency
Based on the site visit and data collected, our technical team completed detailed utility bill analysis to understand the current performance of all the facilities. Santa Rosa is also in the process of updating their utility rates with PG&E. We obtained that information and used the new rates for finalizing the baseline and calculating the current utility spend In terms of energy conservation measures (ECMs), we have recommended similar measures for multiple buildings as well as developed site-specific measures.
For most of the buildings we have utilized a calibrated hourly sim ulation tool (eQUEST) to model the impact of multiple ECMs and their interactive effects
The identified ECMs can be categorized within three main areas: lightin g, HVAC and controls. HVAC recommendations include both packaged units and central cooling/heating systems as deemed feasible Based on our discussions with Santa Rosa, we have included options for electrification of building HVAC systems and have calculated comparative ROIs with higher efficiency natural gas system. This will assist Santa Rosa to make an informed decision either on financial metrics or the city’s vision of carbon-free operations
Table 1 summarizes the total energy savings from the identified ECMs:
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T able 1| Energy and Cost Savings*
ECM
D es cription
E lectrical
Sa vings
(kWh)
E lectrical
D ema nd
S a vi ngs (kW )
N atural Gas
Sa vings
( T h erms)
Total Energy
Sa vings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Cost S avi ngs
($)
E lectrical
D ema nd
Cost Savings
($)
N atural Gas
Cost Savings
($)
City -wide
ECM
pa ckage
(lighting,
H VAC ,
c o n trol s)
1,647,654 199 56,122 11,236 263,474 31,348 59,742
Total Energy
Cost Savings
($)
O& M S avings
($)
T o tal Cost Savings
($)
ECM Implementation Cost
($)
Simple
P a y back
( Y e ars)
354,564 64,374 418,937 7,577,708 18
*These measures do not include electrification type measures which are options for the HVAC measures included here. Electrifi cation measur e summary will be included in the following sections
1.2 Solar Photovoltaics Systems
A total of 107 sites were included in the initial scope. In order to determine the feasibility of deploying solar PV, we started our analysis with a desktop study which reviewed available space, shade, electrical infrastructure among additional requirements This initial study was also inform ed by drive-by and detailed site visits depending on the size and complexity of the site
Based on this study, a scoring system from 1 to 10 was created to determine the relative feasibility of solar PV installation. There were multiple sites which were scored as “0” because of different factors and criteria which resulted in the sites not being feasible for solar PV at all. This scoring methodology helped us group sites into three different tiers where Tier 1 is a straight recommendation for solar PV installation, Tier 2 requires additional investigation due to lack of details related to electrical infrastructure and Tier 3 sites are not recommended Based on this methodology a total of 11 sites are recommended for PV installations and 6 additional sites are recommended for additional investigation
For the 17 sites (a combination of tier 1 and tier 2 sites), AEC OM is recommending a total installed solar PV capacity of approximately 8.4 MW.
1.3 Microgrid Solutions
Santa Rosa identified a total of 10 buildin gs in two clusters as candidates for the deployment of microgrids
Based on several discussions with Santa Rosa, these sites have been chosen because they support critical city operations. In order to make the city operation more resilient, the aim is to invest in infrastructure for these sites which will result in uninterrupted vital city services du ring a catastrophic event and a potential grid failure
As with the other two areas, the microgrid feasibility utilized data from site visits, numerous discussions with Santa Rosa facility staff as well as utility representatives and submitted information for each site For some sites, detailed historical information such as electrical single-line diagrams were not available.
For those site, new line diagrams were created from inputs provided by Santa Rosa electrical engineering department
After analyzing the gathered data, we are recommending a total of seven (7) different microgrids across the buildings identified in the RFP:
Maintenance Service Center North (MSCN)
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Maintenance Service Center South (MSCS)
City Hall
City Hall Annex
Public Safety Building
Finley Park Community Center
Finley Park Senior Center
This recommendation is informed by a multitude of different factors inclu ding but not limited to facility connection, suitability of current switchgears and switchboards for microgrid operation, installed equipment specification and age. A detailed documentation of all these factors along with our assumptions are documented and discussed in the later sections of this report.
This entire scope is intended to give Santa Rosa a full suite of solu tions ranging from much needed infrastructure upgrades for deferred maintenance to reducing the GHG footprint of city operations and increasing the overall resiliency of city facilities. The next step, if Santa Rosa wants to move forward with implementation, for most of these recommendations would be to conduct more in-depth analyses such as conceptual design and due diligence for solar PV and microgrids and investment grade audits for energy efficiency measures. The following sections of the report contain detailed documentation of all activities which were undertaken to develop the recommendations for energy efficiency, renewable energy and microgrids.
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Energy Survey and Utility Analysis
2.1 Electric Rate Structure
The current utility rates structures are used to calculate energy cost savings and to understand financial viability of recommended EEMs. Each utility meter is assigned to a specific electrical tariff in which the provider charges the City against. In general, these charges account for energy usage, energy time-of-us e, demand, and monthly service charges. Electricity, for the Santa Rosa City facilities, is supplied by Sonoma Clean Power (SCP), a community choice aggregator transmitted and distributed by Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E). During this assessment, Santa Rosa has switched to new electrical rate structures which were used to develop baseline utilit y spend for the City facilities and calculate energy cost savings. The previous electrical tariff, along with the newly transitioned tariffs for each of the electrical accounts associated to the unique addresses within this project scope are summarized in Table 2.
T able 2 | Summary of Electrical Tariffs
Fa cility Name Address C u r rent P G&E R ate
S chedule
SCP
Generat ion
R a t es
P G & E Rate used
for Assessment
4Cs Day Care 2536 Marlow Road HA6 A-6 B6
Apple Valley Modular 2852 Apple Valley Lane * A-6** B6** Chamber Building-637 1st St 555 1st Street HA1x A-6 B6 Church of One Tree 492 Sonoma Avenue HA1x A-6 B6
City Hall 100 Santa Rosa Avenue A10SX A-10-B B10
City Hall Annex 90 Santa Rosa Avenue HE19S E-19-S B19SV Deturk Round Barn 819 Donahue Street HA1 A-6 B1
Finley Park Community Center 2060 West College
Avenue SA10S A-10-B B10
Finley Park Senior wing 2060 West College
Avenue HA10S A-10-B B10
Finley Park Swim Center 2102 West College
Avenue * A-10-B** B10**
Fire Admin/Station 10 2373 Circadian Way HE19S A-10-B B10 Fire Station 11 550 Lewis Road HA1x A-6 B6
Fire Station 2 65 Stony Circle HA1X A-6 B6
Fire Station 3 3311 Coffey Lane HA6 A-6 B6
Fire Station 4 1755 Yulupa Avenue HA6 A-6 B6
Fire Station 5 (temp) 3480 Parker Hill Road HA1 A-6 B6 Fire Station 6 205 Calistoga Road HA6 A-6 B6
Fire Station 7 6590 Stonebridge Road HA6 A-6 B6
Fire Training Complex 2126 West College
Avenue HA6/A1 A-6 B6
MSCN 55 Stony Point Road HE19S/TC1 E-19-S B19SV
MSCS 69 Stony Circle A6/HA1/HA1x/HE19S A-6 B6
Museum 425 Seventh Street HA1x A-10-B B10S
PSB 965 Sonoma Avenue HE19S E-19-S B19SV
Railroad Depot 9 4th Street * A-6** B6**
Ridgway Swim Center 455 Ridgeway Avenue HA10S A-10-B B10 City of Santa Rosa
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Fa cility Name Address C u r rent P G&E R ate
S chedule
SCP
Generat ion
R a t es
P G & E Rate used
for Assessment
Sam Jones Hall 4020 Finley Avenue * A-6 B6**
Sonoma Brookwood Ctr 983 Sonoma Avenue * A-6 B6
Steele Lane Community Center 415 Steele Lane HA10SX A-6 B6 *Electrical utilities were not provided for a rate analysis for these facilities **Assumed electrical tariff based on facilities of similar size
2.1.1 B19SV Rate Structure
As of March 2021, meters following rate structure E19 have transitioned to B19 charges. Refer to Table 2 for details of pertaining to which facilities are charged based on the B19 electrical tariff.
The B19 rate structure is a time of use structure with peak, part-peak, off-peak and super off-peak delineated use times and months. Each month is defined as part of a particular season, as shown below in Figure 1.
Fi gure 1 | PGE and SCP Seasons B19SV
The times of day are different for both summer and winter and are shown below in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
Fi gure 2 | PGE and SCP Summer Rates by Time of Day B19SV
Fi gure 3 | PGE and SCP Winter Rates by Time of Day B19SV
Combining the time of use charges for PGE and SCP results in the rate structure detailed in Table 3.
PG&E
SCP
Jan Fe
b Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
KEY
Winter Months Summer Months
TIME PERIOD BY SEASON
PG&E
SCP
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 KEY
P
eak Part-Peak Off-Peak Super Off-Peak
SUMMER RATES BY TIME PERIOD
PG&E
SCP
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 KEY
P
eak Part-Peak Off-Peak Super Off-Peak
WINTER RATES BY TIME PERIOD
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T able 3 | B19SV Effective Rate Change
Summer E n e rgy D ema nd
Peak $0.14234 per kWh $22.05 per kW
Part- Peak $0.14234 per kWh $13.33 per kW
Off-Peak $0.13606 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Ma x D emand $13.93 per kW
Wint er E n e rgy D ema nd
Part-Peak $0.13444 per kWh $1.72 per kW
Off-Peak $0.13370 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Ma x D emand $13.93 per kW
2.1.2 B10 Rate Structure
As of March 2021, meters following rate structure A10 have transitioned to B10 charges. Refer to Table 2 for details of pertaining to which facilities are charged based on the B10 electrical tariff.
The B10 rate structure is a time of use structure with peak, part-peak, off-peak, and super off-peak delineated use times and months. Each month is defined as part of a particular season, as shown below in Figure 4.
Fi gure 4 | PGE and SCP Seasons B10
The times of day are different for both summer and winter and are shown below in Figure 5 and Figure 6.
Fi gure 5 | PGE and SCP Summer Rates by Time of Day B10
Fi gure 6 | PGE and SCP Winter Rates by Time of Day B10
Combining the time of use charges for PGE and SCP results in the rate structure detailed in Table 4.
PG&E
SCP
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
KEY
Winter Months Summer Months
TIME PERIOD BY SEASON
PG&E
SCP
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 KEY
P
eak Part-Peak Off-Peak Super Off-Peak
SUMMER RATES BY TIME PERIOD
PG&E
SCP
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 KEY
P
eak Part-Peak Off-Peak Super Off-Peak
WINTER RATES BY TIME PERIOD
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T able 4 | B10SV Effective Rate Charges
Summer E n e rgy D ema nd
Peak $0.24876 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Part- Peak $0.248786 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Off-Peak $0.22063 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Ma x D emand $ 14.31 per kW
Wint er E n e rgy D ema nd
Part-Peak $0.19339 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Off-Peak $0.13799 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Ma x D emand $ 14.31 per kW
2.1.3 B6 Rate Structure
As of March 2021, meters following rate structure A6 have transitioned to B6 charges. Refer to Table 2 for details of pertaining to which facilities are charged based on the B6 electrical tariff.
The B6 rate structure is a time of use structure with peak, part-peak, off-peak, and super off-peak delineated use times and months. Each month is defined as part of a particular season, as shown below in Figure 7.
Fi gure 7 | PGE and SCP Seasons B6
The times of day are different for both summer and winter and are shown below in Figure 8 and Figure 9.
Fi gure 8 | PGE and SCP Summer Rates by Time of Day B6
Fi gure 9 | PGE and SCP Winter Rates by Time of Day B6
Combining the time of use charges for PGE and SCP results in the rate structure detailed in Table 5.
PG&E
SCP
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
KEY
Winter Months Summer Months
TIME PERIOD BY SEASON
PG&E
SCP
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 KEY
P
eak Part-Peak Off-Peak Super Off-Peak
SUMMER RATES BY TIME PERIOD
PG&E
SCP
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 KEY
P
eak Part-Peak Off-Peak Super Off-Peak
WINTER RATES BY TIME PERIOD
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Tab le 5 | B6 Effective Rate Charges
Summer E n e rgy D ema nd
Peak $0.47370 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Part- Peak $0.17946 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Off-Peak $0.28820 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Ma x D emand $0.00 per kW
Wint er E n e rgy D ema nd
Part-Peak $0.28106 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Off-Peak $0.13587 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Ma x D emand $0.00 per kW
2.1.4 B1 Rate Structure
As of March 2021, meters following rate structure A1 have transitioned to B1 charges. Refer to Table 2 for details of pertaining to which facilities are charged based on the B10 electrical tariff.
The B1 rate structure is a time of use tariff with peak, part-peak, off-peak, and super off-peak delineated use times and months. Unlike the previous electrical rate structures, this tariff does not include an electrical demand block charge. Each month is defined as part of a particular season, as shown below in Figure 10.
Fi gure 10 | PGE and SCP Seasons B1
The time of use periods are different for both summer and winter and are shown below in Fi g ure 11 and Figure 12.
Fi gure 11 | PGE and SCP Summer Rates by Time of Day B1
PG&E
SCP
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
KEY
Winter Months Summer Months
TIME PERIOD BY SEASON
PG&E
SCP
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 KEY
P
eak Part-Peak Off-Peak Super Off-Peak
SUMMER RATES BY TIME PERIOD
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Fi gure 12 | PGE and SCP Winter Rates by Time of Day B1
Combining the time of use charges for PGE and SCP results in the rate structure detailed below in Table 6.
T able 6 | B1 Effective Rate Charges
Summer E n e rgy D ema nd
Peak $0.24937 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Part- Peak $0.24937 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Off-Peak $0.22343 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Ma x D emand $0.00 per kW
Wint er E n e rgy D ema nd
Part-Peak $0.19939 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Off-Peak $0.19879 per kWh $0.00 per kW
Ma x D emand $0.00 per kW
2.2 Natural Gas Rate Structure
Natural gas is supplied to the various buildings in scope by PG&E. All meters included in project work scope are billed on the G-NR1 natural gas tariff which is intended for small commercial customers. The rate schedule includes costs for natural gas procurement and transportation on a tiered basis. PG&E outlines the total current charges for each month in 2021 as shown below in Table 7. The resulting average rate ($/Therm) was used for energy savings calculations.
T able 7 | PGE Natural Gas Rate Charges 2021
Month T o tal Charge ($/Therm up
to 4000 Therms)
01/01/21 $1.20
02/01/21 $1.19
03/01/21 $1.21
04/01/21 $1.01
05/01/21 $ 0.85
06/01/21 $0.85
Average $ 1 .05
2.3 Site Utility Consumption and End-Use Analysis
AECOM completed a detailed review of the utility data provided for 28 unique facility addresses. This assisted our team in determining the current energy consumption for each of these sites and helped determine how these facilities are performing in relation to their end-use.
PG&E
SCP
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 KEY
P
eak Part-Peak Off-Peak Super Off-Peak
WINTER RATES BY TIME PERIOD
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The City provided 3 years’ worth of 15-minute electrical meter interval data from February 1, 2018 until February 2, 2021. The load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year in 2019 to create the baseline load profile. The City also provided a monthly utility sum mary which included electrical consumption (kWh), Natural gas consu mption (therms), total electrical cost ($) and total natural gas cost ($). Load and consumption data were analyzed and used to effectively recommend energy efficiency measures as well as for calibration in the End Use Analysis. Upon discussion with the City, 2019 was the chosen baseline due to load and profile shifts that resulted from the 2020 COVID-19 pandem ic.
Detailed equipment information was collected at each facility during the ASHRAE level-II site walks. Using this information, a detailed equipment list was developed and used to estimate the baseline utility profile for specific end-use categories. Each piece of equipment was assigned a power/gas draw, a diversity factor and annual run hours. These assigned values were based on site visit nameplate information, equipment wear, building occupancy, and Santa Rosa weather profile. The analysis was then calibrated against the 2019 energy consumption baseline for each building and the results delineated into consumption groups which include lighting, fan, DHW, Plug Load, heating and cooling. The following is a summary for each of the 28 sites that were analyzed.
2.3.1 Chamber Building
2.3.1.1 General Description
The Chamber Building is a concrete two-story mixed-use office building., The current occupancy is minimal due to many tenants choosing to work from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is assumed that normal operating hours are between 8 AM to 6 PM Monday through Friday. Maintenance for building HVAC systems is provided through a third-party contractor.
2.3.1.2 Building Systems
Space conditioning is provided by seven packaged air conditioning (AC) units and of approximately 1997 vintage.
Each of these units uses R-22 refrigerant for cooling and natural gas for heating. The units are controlled by programmable thermostats. The offices spaces and hallways are illuminated by various T8 recessed fixtures- partially activated by occupancy sensors.
2.3.1.3 Energy Analysis
The Chamber Building has six separate electric meters that service the facility. As the electrical one line and meter drawing documentation does not delineate which HVAC equipment is associated with each space, the meters were combined to create a single electrical profile for the entire facility. Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3. the electrical load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 13.
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Fi gure 13 | Chamber Building Average Hourly Load Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 14 and its monthly utility costs below in Fig ure
15. Fi gure 14 | Chamber Building Utility Consumption 2019
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Fi gure 15 | C hamber Building Utility Costs 2019
2.3.1.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, the Chamber Building has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 8.
T able 8 | Chamber Building End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 6.58 0.66 17,320 0 59,097
Fan 3.42 0.34 12,882 0 43,954
DHW 0 0.00 0 80 8,000
Plug Load 6.00 0.60 21,810 0 74,416
Weather
Dependent
Loads Heating 0.00 0.00 0 2,923 292,335
Cooling 17.77 1.78 21,629 0 73,797
Total 34 3.38 73,641 3,003 551,599
Utility Total 34 3.40 76,858 3,061 568,333
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Chamber building uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Fi g ure 16.
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Fi gure 16 | Chamber Building End Use Pie Chart
2.3.2 City Hall
2.3.2.1 General Description
City Hall is a mixed-use administrative facility, housing many of the city’s departments as well as the City Council Chamber Hall and parking garage. Most of the facility is occupied from 8 AM to 6 PM Monday through Friday schedule, whereas the Chamber Hall is occupied as needed. According to City personnel, the Chamber Hall is occupied as late as 10 PM. City Hall is comprised of several two story or split story modules connected by exterior walkways. The building is comprised of concrete construction with bronze tinted single pane storefront glazing.
Abundant natural light is provided through perimeter skylights.
2.3.2.2 Building Systems
The building is conditioned by 36 similarly sized rooftop packaged AC units with gas heat and is controlled by a mix of programmable and non-programmable thermostats. Lighting is provided in the office spaces by prim arily T8 fixtures that have been de-lamped and recessed compact fluorescent lights. The Chamber Hall is illuminated by a mixture of upward facing T8s and downward facing recessed incandescent fixtures, as well as spotlights.
2.3.2.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 17.
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Fi gure 17 | C ity Hall Com plex Average Hourly Load Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 18 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
19. Fi gure 18 City Hall Complex Utility Consum ption 2019
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Fi gure 19 City Hall Complex Utility Costs 2019
2.3.2.4 End Use Analysis
A 3D energy simulation model was developed for the City Hall Complex using eQUEST. A summary of the end use profile estimated using the building energy simulation software is detailed in Table 9.
T able 9 | City Hall Complex End Use Alloc ation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 37.88 0.70 128,444 0 438,250
Fan 21.13 0.39 117,319 0 400,294
DHW 0 0.00 0 882 88,232
Plug Load 34.31 0.63 124,725 0 425,563
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 23,566 2,356,583
Cooling 87.40 1.60 146,389 0 499,481
Total 34 181 3.32 516,878 24,448
Utility Total 34 184 3.38 540,050 24,812
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The City Hall Complex uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 20.
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Fi gure 20 | City Hall Complex End Use Pie Chart
2.3.3 City Hall Annex
2.3.3.1 General Description
The City Hall Annex is a repurposed two-story bank building with a basement storage area, currently utilized as administrative space by the departments of Parking, Housing and Community Services, and Finance. The second floor features a server room with two computer room air conditioning (CRAC) units for specialized underfloor cooling requirements. The building is made of concrete with grey-tinted glass and features a floor-to-ceiling curtain wall on the front façade. The hours of operation of the building are from 8 AM to 6 PM Monday through Friday. Maintenance for the HVAC equipment is provided by a third-party contractor.
2.3.3.2 Building Systems
Conditioning for the building is provided by five packaged AC units supplying core zones. A hydronic system comprised of a 50-Ton air-cooled chiller and two 300-MBH boilers supply chilled water (CHW) and hot water (HW) respectively to four-pipe fan coil units in the perimeter offices and a 10-Zone multi-zone (MZ) air handling units (AHU) that serves various spaces throughout the facility. The server room is cooled by two computer room air conditioning (CRAC) units aided by portable PortaCool units. Lighting is primarily provided by a variety of T8 fixtures.
2.3.3.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 21.
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Fi gure 21 City Hall Annex Building Average Hourly Load Profile 2019
The building’s 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Fi g ure 22 and its monthly utility costs below in Figure
23. While equipment onsite use natural gas, and the provided trend data included the relevant meter, the meter information did not include any consumption and only listed meter charges not consumption charges.
Fi gure 22 City Hall Annex Building Utility Consum ption 2019
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Fi gure 23 City Hall Building Utility Costs 2019.
2.3.3.4 End Use Analysis
A 3D energy simulation model was developed for the City Hall Annex using eQUEST. A summary of the end use profile estimated using the building energy simulation software is detailed in Table 10. As natural gas utilities were not provided the energy model was used to estimate natural gas usage at this facility.
T a ble 10 | C ity Hall Annex Building End Use Allocation End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 10.51 0.42 32,868 0 112,147
Fan 4.14 0.17 27,940 0 95,332
DHW 0 0.00 0 201 20,072
Plug Load 15.56 0.62 56,545 0 192,933
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.12 0.00 559 7,425 744,408
Cooling 61.81 2.46 337,971 0 1,153,156
Total 34 92 3.67 455,884 7,626
Utility Total 34 92 3.67 453,208
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The City Hall Annex building uses most of its annual energy on cooling, as shown below in Figure 24.
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Figure 24 | C ity Hall Complex End Use Pie Chart
2.3.4 Deturk Round Barn
2.3.4.1 General Description
The Deturk Round Barn facility is a wood constructed single-event space maintained by the City. The building consists primarily of a single large event space with a mezzanine-level and features single pane untreated glazing.
The building is used sporadically to host gatherings. Maintenance is provided by a third-party contractor.
2.3.4.2 Building Systems
This building is conditioned with a gas hot water boiler which serves a handful of hot water fan coils. The main event space does not have any cooling equipment and relies on large barn doors and a destratification fan for airflow. The electrical closet of the building has a single mini-split system. The space is illu minated primarily by CFL pendant fixtures.
2.3.4.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3 the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 25.
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Fi gure 25 | Deturk Round Barn Average Hourly Load Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 26 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
27. Figure 26 | Deturk Round B arn Utility Consumption 2019
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Figure 27 | Deturk Round Barn Utility Costs 2019
2.3.4.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, the Deturk Round Barn has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 11.
T able 11 | Deturk Round Barn End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 4.68 0.57 14,494 0 49,453
Fan 3.98 0.49 14,589 0 49,777
DHW 0 0.00 0 57 5,722
Plug Load 0.41 0.05 1,486 0 5,069
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.06 0.01 280 3,292 330,129
Cooling 0.41 0.05 828 0 2,827
Total 10 1.17 31,676 3,349 442,977
Utility Total 15 1.84 31,635 3,383 446,239
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Deturk Round Barn uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 28.
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Figure 28 | Deturk Round B arn End Use Pie C hart
2.3.5 Finley Park Community Center
2.3.5.1 General Description
The Finley Park Community Center is a multi-functional event space with an auditorium, large gathering spaces, kitchen, and administrative offices. Constructed primarily of concrete masonry block, the façade features single pane tinted glazing. Currently the building is being utilized as an elementary school Monday to Friday 7 AM to 5 PM and several gathering spaces are used in four-to-eight-hour increments on weekends.
2.3.5.2 Building Systems
The spaces throughout the facility are conditioned by 10 packaged AC units. Most of the AC units are nearing 30 years old and are at the end of their effective service life. The size of the AC Units range between 4-Tons and 20- Tons and operate using R-22 refrigerant for cooling and natural gas for heating. The Finley Community Center is illuminated by a variety of T8, CFL, and incandescent fixtures.
2.3.5.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3 the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 29.
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Figure 29 | Finley Park Community Center Average Hourly Load Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 30 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
31. Figure 30 | Finley Park C ommunity Center Utility Consumption 2019
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Figure 31 Finley Community C enter Utility C osts 2019
2.3.5.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, the Finley Community Center has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 12.
T able 12 | Finley Community Center End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 44.38 1.59 142,631 0 486,658
Fan 13.50 0.48 131,122 0 447,387
DHW 0 0.00 0 223 22,344
Plug Load 13.97 0.50 50,763 0 173,203
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 17,054 1,705,357
Cooling 54.47 1.95 157,202 0 536,374
Total 126 4.52 481,718 17,277 3,371,323
Utility Total 127 4.55 513,142 15,334 3,284,241
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Finley Community Center uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 32.
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Figure 32 | Finley Community C enter End Use P ie C hart
2.3.6 Finley Swim Center
2.3.6.1 General Description
The Finley Aquatic Center is a concrete construction single story bu ilding that supports a large lap pool as well as an L-shaped instruction al pool- additionally there is a large storage area on-site. The façade includes single pane grey glazing in only the lobby and office areas. The main building consists of locker rooms equipped with showers, an administrative area, guard room, as well as a meeting room. The stated operating hours of the Aquatic Center are 8 AM. to 4 PM Monday through Friday. Maintenance for the HVAC systems are is managed by a third-party contractor.
2.3.6.2 Building Systems
Heating and cooling are provided to the main lobby and office space by two split system comprised of gas-fired furnaces and air-cooled condensing units. Both the men’s and women’s locker rooms are heated by two separate gas-fired heating and ventilation (HV) units. The interior is primarily illuminated by a mix of T8 fixtures of various configurations and CFL fixtures. The pool deck is illuminated by 8 area lights each containing a 400W metal halide fixtures. The complex additionally includes a water treatment and filtration system utilizing three pumps and two boilers for pool heating.
2.3.6.3 Other Major Equipment
A 65-kW Combined Heat and Power (CHP) generates electricity for the Finely Swim Center using a natural gas- fired micro-turbine. The waste heat from the turbine is used to supplement pool heating.
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2.3.6.4 Energy Analysis
The City did not provide electrical trend data or electrical summary data for Finley Swim Center. As a result, the utility consumption profile in Figure 33and the utility cost profile in Figure 34 do not show any electrical information.
Figure 33 | Finley Swim C enter Utility C onsumption 2019
Figure 34 | Finley Swim Center Utility Costs 2019
2.3.6.5 End Use Analysis
The City was not able to provide any interval data for the Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plant on site. There was thus no way to calibrate the end use analysis with the utility data as there is one natural gas feed line to the site supply natural gas to both the buildings and the CHP Plant. As a result, this end use analysis shown in Table 13 is assumed to adequately represent the facility based on the site visit information and only considers the Finley Swim Center main building, none of the process loads required for heating the pool or filtering the water.
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T able 13 | Finley Swim Center End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 4.26 0.30 15,831 0 54,016
Fan 0.80 0.06 4,772 0 16,282
DHW 0 0.00 0 112 11,209
Plug Load 0.00 0.00 0 0 0
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 3 0.20 6,557 0 22,373
Cooling 0.00 0.00 0 16,200 1,620,000
Total 10 0.71 31,303 16,312 1,738,013
Utility Total - - - - -
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Finley Swim Center uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 35.
Figure 35 | Finley Swim C enter End Use P ie Chart
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2.3.7 Finley Park Senior Center
2.3.7.1 General Description
The Finely Park Senior Center is a two-story concrete masonry construction with lofted ceilings on both levels.
The building features two story atriums on the north-western and south-eastern facades. The building is prim arily comprised of several meeting room s for group activities as well as a full kitchen. The building is currently being utilized as an elementary school with typical hours between 8 AM. to 4 PM with special events on weekends. A third-party is responsible for maintaining HVAC equ ipment at the facility.
2.3.7.2 Building Systems
Finley Senior Center has 18 units installed on the roofs that provide heating and cooling to the various meeting rooms throughout the facility. Nine of the units are package AC units ranging from 2-Ton to 17.5-Ton. These nine units use natural gas to provide heat to the space. The remaining nine units are split-system heat pumps that range in size from 2-Ton to 5-Tons. All of the units are approximately 10 years old and operate using R-410A refrigerant.
2.3.7.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 36.
Figure 36 | Finley Senior Center Average Hourly Load Profile 2019
While onsite, engineers saw a natural gas meter that was assumed to serve Finley Senior Center; however, the relevant meter number provided by the City was labeled as “Aquatic Center”. Without verification, the natural gas consumption and costs could not be determined. The buildings 2019 monthly electric consumption is shown below in Figure 37 and its monthly electric costs below in Figure 38.
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Figu re 37 | Finley Senior Center Utility Consumption 2019
Figure 38 | Finley Senior Center Utility Costs 2019
2.3.7.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3 the Finley Senior Center has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 14. The model could not be calibrated to natural gas utility data due to lack of transparency of the service meter. The following tables assumes the natural gas consumption which will be used as a baseline for proceeding energy efficiency measures.
T able 14 | Finley Senior Center End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 13.92 0.57 62,849 0 214,441
Fan 12.50 0.51 82,177 0 280,388
DHW 0 0.00 0 195 19,526
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Plug Load 3.66 0.15 13,308 0 45,408
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 12.66 0.52 45,627 5,103 665,965
Cooling 31.69 1.30 44,016 0 150,184
Total 74 3.05 247,978 5,298 1,375,913
Utility Total 73 2.99 231,449 - -
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Finley Senior Center uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 39.
Figure 39 | Finley Community C enter End Use P ie C hart
2.3.8 Sonoma County Museum
2.3.8.1 General Description
The Sonoma County Museum is a two-story concrete masonry construction with a basement. The first story features high vaulted ceilings and is used primarily as an exhibition space. The second story features additional gallery space as well as an office/admin area. The basement of the building is used as a storage space for works not currently on display. The hours of operation are Monday to Friday 9 AM to 5:30 PM. A third-party is responsible for maintaining HVAC equipment.
2.3.8.2 Building Systems
Conditioning for the spaces is provided by seven split systems heat pumps ranging in size from 2-Ton to 5 -Ton.
The heat pumps are connected to fan coil units installed throughout the building. Humidity and temperature
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control in gallery spaces is crucial for the preservation of artwork. Illumination is provided by CFL track lighting in the gallery spaces, and T8 fixtures elsewhere throughout the building.
2.3.8.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 40.
Fi gure 40 | Sonoma County Museum Average Hourly Load Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 41 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
42. Figure 41 | Sonoma County Museum Utility Consumption 2019
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Fi gure 42 | Sonoma County Museum Utility Costs 2019
2.3.8.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3 the Sonoma County Museum has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 15.
T able 15 | Sonoma County Museum End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 3.82 0.30 16,189 0 55,236
Fan 1.29 0.10 7,713 0 26,316
DHW 0.80 0.06 3,600 0 12,283
Plug Load 2.56 0.20 5,998 0 20,465
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 10.42 0.81 46,886 0 159,975
Cooling 13.05 1.02 39,144 0 133,559
Total 32 2.49 119,530 0 407,835
Utility Total 34 2.65 122,181 0 416,882
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Sonoma County Museum uses equivalent amount of its annual energy on heating and cooling, as shown below in Figure 43.
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Figure 43 | Sonoma County Museum End Use P ie C hart
2.3.9 Railroad Depot
2.3.9.1 General Description
The Railroad Depot serves as visitor center for incoming rail travelers. The historic building is comprised of stone construction with single-paned glazing. It is made up of two large halls with vaulted ceilings, conference rooms, and adjacent restrooms. The building is mostly unused during the COVID 19 pandemic.
2.3.9.2 Building Systems
Conditioning for the Depot is provided by two 2-Ton splits system s with natural gas-fired furnaces located in the attic. Lighting is provided by CFL bulbs in a variety of fixtures. Maintenance for the HVAC facility is provided by a third-party vendor.
2.3.9.3 Energy Analysis
The Railroad Depot is a leased facility where the tenant pays utilities. In order to access the consumption profile PG&E reps needed to facilitate communication between the tenant and the City. The efforts did not yield any utilit y information and no analysis was performed.
2.3.9.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, the Railroad Depot has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 16. Due to the lack of consumption and utility data, no calibration was done on the End Use Analysis and the following results were assumed to represent the baseline profile of the facility.
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T able 16 | Railroad Depot End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 0.69 0.33 3,034 0 10,352
Fan 0.25 0.12 1,491 0 5,088
DHW 0 0.00 0 34 3,434
Plug Load 0.64 0.30 2,312 0 7,888
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 324 32,400
Cooling 1.66 0.78 3,314 0 11,307
Total 3 1.52 10,151 358 70,470
Utility Total - - - - -
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Railroad Depot uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 44.
Figure 44 | Railroad Depot End Use Pie Chart
2.3.10 Public Safety Building
2.3.10.1 General Description
The Public Safety Building houses the central command for the Police and Fire Departments for the City of Santa Rosa. The building is a pitched roof, two-story concrete construction, with grey tinted single-pane glazing.
Included in the building is a full-service fire station including an apparatus room with four vehicle bays, quarters for
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on-duty officers, gym space, administrative space, as well as a full-service police station. Due to the critical mission of this facility, many spaces are utilized 24/7. Maintenance for the HVAC systems at this facility is supplied by a third-party vendor
2.3.10.2 Building Systems
Cooling for the building is provided by a central plant located in a separate building. This plant includes a 125-Ton water-cooled chiller that supplies CHW water to five AHU on the roof. The CHW is distributed by a primary CHW system comprising of three, 3-HP, constant volume pumps. A single forced-draft cooling tower equipped with a 20-HP variable speed fan provides cooling to the condenser water (CW) CW is distributed from the tower to the chiller by two 7.5-HP, constant volume pumps. There are two additional 6-Ton packaged AC units that provide cooling to the communication rooms. Most of the interior lighting is provided byT8 fixtures as well as a mixture of CFL and LED recessed fixtures.
2.3.10.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 45.
Figure 45 | P ublic S afety Bu ilding Average Hourly L oad Profile 2019
As described in Section 2.3.1 above, facilities baselines profiles were selected as 2019 due to occupancy shifts in 2020 from the COVID-19 Pandemic. However, for the Public Safety Building, Figure 46 below shows that the profile dramtically shifted for the gas consumption in 2020. This shift appears to be resulting from a change in the sequence of operations of the building and not simply COVID-19 related. As a result, the baseline natural gas profile for Public Safety Building is calendar year 2020.
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Figure 46 | P ublic S afety Bu ilding Natural Gas Consumption Comparison 2019 a nd 2020
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 47 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
48. Figure 47 P ublic S afety B uilding Utility Consu mption
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Fi gure 48 Public Safety Building Utility Costs
2.3.10.4 End Use Analysis
A 3D energy simulation model was developed for the Public Safety Building using eQUEST. A summary of the end use profile estimated using the building energy simulation software is detailed in in Table 17.
T a ble 17 | P ublic Safety B uilding End Use Allocation End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 33.66 0.56 127,382 0 434,628
Fan 20.92 0.35 183,244 0 625,227
DHW 0 0.00 0 967 96,745
Plug Load 35.83 0.60 130,247 0 444,403
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 1.24 0.02 10,886 27,392 2,776,358
Cooling 78.76 1.32 474,995 0 1,620,684
Total 170 2.85 926,754 28,360 5,998,046
Utility Total 163 2.72 900,607 28,245 5,897,371
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Public Safety Building uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 49.
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Figure 49 P ublic S afety B uilding End Use P ie C hart
2.3.11 Ridgeway Swim Center
2.3.11.1 General Description
Ridgeway Swim Center is a smaller aqu atic center in comparison to the Finley Swim Center and is utilized prim arily by the local high school for training as well as the local community for swim lessons. The facility is comprised of a central administrative and locker room area, pump house, and a storage/snack bar building. The buildings feature mostly concrete construction with minimal single pane untreated exterior glazing. The facility operates seven days a week from 9 AM to 4 PM. Facility operating hours are reduced to 9 AM to 1 PM during the weekends
2.3.11.2 Building Systems
Conditioning for the central administrative spaces is provided by two fan coil units with natural gas-fired heating elements. Interior lighting is provided by primarily T8 fixtures and CFL downlights. Exterior lighting is supplied by metal halide fixtures. Maintenance for the mechanical equipment of this facility is provided by a third-party contractor. The pool filtration/treatment system is supplied by redundant pumps operating in a lead-lag arrangement with secondary pumps. The pool is heated by a single 3000-MBH natural gas-fired boiler.
2.3.11.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 50.
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Figure 50 R idgeway S wim Center Average Hourly Load Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 51 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
52. Figure 51 | R idgeway S wim C enter Utility Consumption 2019
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Figure 52 | R idgeway S wim C enter Utility Costs 2019
2.3.11.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3 the Ridgeway Swim Center has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 18.
T able 18 | Ridgeway Swim Center End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload
Lighting 4.26 2.13 9,855 0 33,625
Fan 0.20 0.10 1,193 0 4,070
DHW 0 0.00 0 16 1,600
Process
Loads 30.00 15.00 262,760 45,900 5,486,536
Plug Load 0 0.20 936 0 3,194
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 1,350 135,000
Cooling 0.00 0.00 0 0 0
Total 35 17.43 274,744 47,266 5,664,025
Utility Total - - 280,074 46,262 5,581,812
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Ridgeway Swim Center uses most of its annual energy on process loads, as shown below in Fi g ure
53. These process loads include the energy required to heat and filter the water used for the swimming pool.
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Figure 53 R idgeway Swim Center End Use Pie Chart
2.3.12 Sam Jones Hall
2.3.12.1 General Description
Sam Jones Hall is a single-story concrete homeless shelter. The building features two sleeping dorms, kitchen, snack room, and restrooms. The façade features single pane untreated glazing. Due to the nature of the building, it is occupied 24/7 and requires space conditioning, however lighting is reduced at night.
2.3.12.2 Building Systems
Heating and cooling for Sam Jones Hall is supplied by five packaged AC units with gas-fired heat and DX cooling.
These were installed in 2019 and operate using R-410A refrigerant. The kitchen is equipped with an exhaust hood and a 100-MBH gas-fired make up air unit to supply ventilation air to the kitchen area. Lighting throughout the facility is provided by four-lamp T8 fixtures and 320W MH.
2.3.12.3 Energy Analysis
Sam Jones Hall is a leased facility where the tenant pays utilities. In order to access the consumption profile PG&E reps needed to facilitate communication between the tenant and the City. The efforts did not yield any utility information. As a result, an in-depth analysis could not be performed.
2.3.12.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3 Sam Jones Hall has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 19. Due to the lack of consumption and utility data, no calibration was done on the End Use Analysis and the following results were assumed to represent the baseline profile of the facility.
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T able 19 | Sam Jones Hall End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 7.55 0.43 24,490 0 83,560
Fan 4.97 0.28 29,824 0 101,759
DHW 0 0.00 0 141 14,110
Plug Load 6.17 0.35 14,446 0 49,288
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 4,732 473,175
Cooling 19.47 1.10 38,937 0 132,853
Total 38 2.16 107,696 4,873 854,746
Utility Total - - - - -
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Finley Swim Center uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 54.
Figure 54 | Sam Jones H all En d Use P ie Chart
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2.3.13 Steele Lane Community Center
2.3.13.1 General Description
The Steele Lane Community Center is a single-story event center currently being utilized as an elementary school.
The facility has several functions including an auditorium, gymnasium, classrooms/meeting rooms, and a kitchen.
Due to the COVID 19 pandemic, the building is utilized Monday through Friday 8 AM to 4 PM to host classes.
2.3.13.2 Building Systems
Heating and cooling for Steele Lane Community Center is provided by eight packaged AC units installed on the roof of the facility. Each unit has DX cooling and natural fired heating. The age of the units ranges from 14 to 20 years old and are near or past their effective service life. The size of the units ranges from 4-Ton up to 10-Tons. All of the packaged AC systems operate with R-22 and are maintained by a third-party contractor.
2.3.13.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 55.
Figure 55 | Steele Lane Community C enter Average Hourly Load Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 56 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
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Figure 56 | Steele Lane Community Center Utility Consumption 2019
Figure 57 | Steele Lane Community Center Utility Costs 2019
2.3.13.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3 the Steele Lane Community Center has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 20.
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T a ble 20 | S teele L ane C ommunity Center End Use Allocation End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 11.56 0.46 31,068 0 106,006
Fan 4.02 0.16 31,465 0 107,357
DHW 0 0.00 0 201 20,134
Plug Load 2.52 0.10 9,149 0 31,215
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 4,174 417,415
Cooling 12.68 0.50 21,416 0 73,072
Total 31 1.22 93,098 4,375 755,200
Utility Total 29 1.15 85,143 4,230 713,508
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Steele Lane Community Center uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 58.
Figure 58 | Steele Lane Community C enter E nd Use Pie Chart
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2.3.14 Maintenance Service Center North (MSCN)
2.3.14.1 General Description
The MSCN is comprised of eight separate buildings all located at 55 Stony Point Road.
2.3.14.1.1 Admin / Laboratory Building
The Admin/Laboratory Building is a single-story concrete masonry construction which features a storefront glass vestibule which separates the halves of the building by purpose. The adm inistrative wing is comprised primarily of office spaces and hours or operation are assumed to be 8 AM to 5 PM Monday through Friday. The Laboratory building is comprised primarily of spaces used to test various samples of materials such as concrete and tar and features equipment used for that means. Similar to the Administrative Wing, the assumed hours of operation of the Laboratory Wing are 8 AM to 5 PM Monday through Friday.
2.3.14.1.2 Shop Building
The Shop Building is a single-story concrete masonry construction. This building is comprised of several fabrication shops and supporting storage areas that are vital to the repair and maintenance of city equipment.
Hours of operation are assu med to be between 6 AM. to 5 PM. Monday through Thursday.
2.3.14.1.3 Warehouse
The Warehouse is a single-story steel construction building with a small office/ administrative area. The primary purpose of this facility is to store replacement parts and equipment vital to city operations. Hours of operation are assumed to be between 6 AM. to 5 PM. Monday through Thursday.
2.3.14.1.4 Garage
The Garage is a two-story concrete masonry and steel construction which is flanked by two high bay garages on either side. The central core area is comprised of an office/administrative area with storage for vehicle parts and tools. The high bay garages are used for vehicle storage and maintenance including oil changes and tire replacement. Hours of operation are assumed to be between 6 AM. to 5 PM. Monday through Thursday.
2.3.14.1.5 Transit Operations Center
The Transit Operations Building is a single-story concrete masonry construction with single pane grey tinted glazing. This building serves as the administrative hub for the City of Santa Rosa Transit Operations, CityBus, and Paratransit. The building is comprised of conference rooms, open office spaces, and some private offices.
Assumed hours of operation are 8 AM to 5 PM Monday through Friday.
2.3.14.1.6 Vehicle Storage Building
The Vehicle Storage Building is a steel construction canopy used for the storage of a variety of vehicles. The space is unconditioned and unoccupied.
2.3.14.1.7 Steam Cleaning Station
The Steam Cleaning Station is a single port vehicle wash station. It is an unconditioned and unoccupied space.
2.3.14.1.8 Wash Station 1
Wash Station 1 is a single port vehicle wash station. It is an unconditioned and unoccupied space.
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2.3.14.2 Building Systems
2.3.14.2.1 Admin / Laboratory Building
The administration and laboratory building are conditioned by seven four-pipe FCUs which use hot water for heating and CHW for cooling. The hot water is supplied by a 900-MBH boiler in the Shop Building and CHW and the chilled water is supplied 15-Ton air-cooled chiller.
2.3.14.2.2 Shop Building
The offices areas within the shop building are conditioned by 12 four-pipe FCUs which use hot water for heating and chilled water for cooling. The hot water is supplied by two boilers in the shop building, one of which has a load shared with the Admin / Laboratory Building. The CHW is supplied by both the 25-Ton and 15-Ton air-cooled chillers. In addition to the FCUs, gas-fired infrared heater (IR) and HW unit heaters heat the shop areas of the building.
2.3.14.2.3 Warehouse
The office space within warehouse is conditioned by a single 2.5-Ton packaged AC unit with natural gas heat. This equipment serves only the office space. The warehouse storage areas have no cooling and are heated by ceiling mounted gas-fired unit heaters.
2.3.14.2.4 Garage
The bulk garage space has no cooling but does have gas-fired IR heaters used to heat the high bay vehicle maintenance and storage areas throughout the facility. The limited square footage of office space is conditioned by two 4-ton rooftop packaged units with natural gas heat. Both units were installed before the 2000 and use R-22 refrigerant.
2.3.14.2.5 Transit Operations Center
The Transit Operation Building is conditioned by two 20-ton packaged rooftop units with natural gas heat. These units are connected to a bypass VAV distribution system that modulates airflow based on the heating and cooling demands of the connected zones. Although the airflow to the zones are modulated by the VAV boxes, a constant volume of air is continuously supplied by the units and a bypass damper is used to return excess supply air bac k t o the unit to regulate static pressure. The two units are 15 years old, operate with R-22 refrigerant and are nearing the end of their effective service life.
2.3.14.2.6 Vehicle Storage Building
This space is not conditioned and has no building systems.
2.3.14.2.7 Steam Cleaning Station
This space is not conditioned and has no building systems.
2.3.14.2.8 Wash Station 1
This space is not conditioned and has no building systems.
2.3.14.3 Energy Analysis
The entire complex of MSCN is on one meter. As a result, the buildings are grouped together for the energy analysis. Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 59.
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Figure 59 | Municipal Service C enter North Complex Average Hourly Load Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 60 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
61. Figure 60 | Municipal Service C enter North C omplex Utility Consumption 2019
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Figure 61 | Municipal S ervice C enter North Complex Utility Costs 2019
2.3.14.4 End Use Analysis
A 3D energy simulation model was developed for the MSCN Complex using eQUEST. A summary of the end use profile estimated using the building energy simulation software is detailed in Table 21.
T able 21 | Municipal Service Center North Complex End Use Allocation End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 54.67 0.58 252,713 0 862,257
Fan 10.99 0.12 75,083 0 256,183
DHW 0 0.00 0 753 75,288
Plug Load 28.23 0.30 66,065 0 225,415
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.25 0.00 1,118 39,335 3,937,266
Cooling 66.44 0.71 324,724 0 1,107,958
Total 161 1.71 719,704 40,087 6,464,367
Utility Total 157 1.67 800,806 40,551 6,787,450
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Municipal Service Center North Complex uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 62.
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Figure 62 | Municipal Service C enter North Complex End Use Pie Chart
2.3.15 Maintenance Service Center South (MSCS)
2.3.15.1 General Description
Maintenance Service Center South (MSCS) is a single-story concrete construction building with single pane bronze tinted glazing. The primary use of this facility is an office/administrative area. The building features a primarily open office layout featuring cubicle office spaces with some perimeter private offices. The assumed hours of operation are from 8 AM to 5 PM, however, the facility was lighting occupied during the site walks due to the COVID 19 pandemic.
2.3.15.2 Building Systems
There are three packaged rooftop units on the roof of MSCS. One of the units is a 6-Ton single-zone unit with DX cooling and gas-fired heating. Based on the serial number, this unit is approximately 15 years old. The two additional units are cooling only rooftop units with a nameplate capacity of 40-Tons each. These units serve the entire building with one dedicated to the north half and the other dedicated to the south half. Two additional 270- MBH HV units provide heating to these areas. The cooling only and HV units are separately ducted to the space creating a dual duct system. The hot and cold ducts terminate at a dual duct mixing box at the perimeter zones.
The core zones are cooled only with space temperature regulated by a VAV box. The cooling only units are approximately 35 years old and at the end of their effective service life. All the units at MSCS operate using R-22, a hydrochlorofluorocarbon based refrigerant that is currently being phased out. The spaces throughout MSCS are lit primarily by three-lamp, four-foot T8 fluorescent fixtures.
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2.3.15.3 Energy Analysis
This facility has 6 different meters whose load was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 and combined to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 63.
Figur e 63 | Municipal S ervice C enter S outh Average Hourly L oad Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 64 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
65. Figure 64 | Municipal S ervice C enter S outh Utility Consu mption 2019
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 63
Figure 65 | Municipal S ervice C enter S outh Utility Costs 2019
2.3.15.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, MSCS has an end use profile that is detailed below in Table 22.
T able 22 | Municipal Service Center South End Use Allocation End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 33.51 1.21 107,139 0 365,557
Fan 23.24 0.84 83,498 0 284,897
DHW 0 0.00 0 447 44,728
Plug Load 12.42 0.45 37,274 0 127,177
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 6,328 632,832
Cooling 35.62 1.29 66,097 0 225,523
Total 105 3.80 294,008 6,776 1,680,714
Utility Total - 0.00 267,734 7,076 1,621,108
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. MSCS uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 66.
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 64
Figure 66 | Municipal Service C enter South Complex End Use Pie Chart
2.3.16 Fire Station Training Complex
The Fire Training Complex is comprised of six building all located at 2126 West College Avenue.
2.3.16.1 General Description
2.3.16.1.1 Fire Training Office 1
Fire Training Office is a prefabricated portable building with single pane clear glazing. The building is comprised solely of an administrative area along with restrooms. The hours of operation for this building are assumed to sporadic between 8 AM and 5 PM. with occasional use during night training sessions. HVAC systems are serviced by a third-party contractor.
2.3.16.1.2 Fire Training Classroom 2
Fire Training Classroom 2 is a prefabricated portable building with single pane clear glazing. The building is comprised solely of a classroom area along with restrooms. The hours of operation for this building are assumed to sporadic between 8 AM and 5 PM. with occasional use during night training sessions. HVAC systems are serviced by a third-party contractor.
2.3.16.1.3 Fire Training Classroom 3
Fire Training Classroom 3 is a prefabricated portable building with single pane clear glazing. The building is comprised solely of a classroom area along with restrooms. The hours of operation for this building are assumed to sporadic between 8 AM and 5 PM. with occasional use during night training sessions. HVAC systems are serviced by a third-party contractor.
Lighting
22%
Fan
17%
DHW
3%Plug …
Heati ng
38%
Cooling
13%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 65
2.3.16.1.4 Fire Training Storage Building 1
These unoccupied buildings are located south of the training tower and are used for storage purposes.
2.3.16.1.5 Fire Training Storage Building 2
These unoccupied buildings are located south of the training tower and are used for storage purposes.
2.3.16.1.6 Fire Training Tower
Fire Training Tower is a 6-story unconditioned concrete structure that features several facets used for training purposes. The structure is generally unoccupied being utilized for training. Trainings occur sporadically and thus there is no assumed occupancy schedule.
2.3.16.2 Building Systems
The Fire Training Office and Classrooms are conditioned by building attached packaged heat pumps (BARD units) controlled by twist timers relayed thermostats. The Fire Training Tower and the Fire Training Storage Buildings are unconditioned.
2.3.16.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 67.
Figure 67 | Fire S tation Training Complex Hourly L oad P rofile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 68 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
69. -
5.00 10.00
15.00 20.00
25.00 30.00
-240 760 1760 2760 3760 4760 5760 6760 7760 8760
kW
Hour
Average Load Profile 2019
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 66
Figure 68 | Fire S tation Training Complex Utility Consumption 2019
Fi gure 69 | Fire Station Training Complex Utility Costs 2019
2.3.16.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, the Fire Training Complex has an end use profile that is detailed below in Table 23.
$0
$100
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
$900
$1,000
Jan Feb Mar A pr May Jun Jul A ug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Utility Costs
kWh Cost Nat ural Gas Cost
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 67
T able 23 |Fire Training Complex End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 2.35 0.17 4,084 0 13,934
Fan 0.66 0.05 3,977 0 13,568
DHW 0 0.00 0 112 11,209
Plug Load 2.80 0.20 6,557 0 22,373
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 112 11,200
Cooling 4.14 0.30 16,569 0 56,533
Total 10 0.71 31,186 224 128,816
Utility Total - 0.00 55,673 232 213,156
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Fire Training Complex uses most of its annual energy on cooling, as shown below in Figure 70.
Figure 70 | Fire Training Complex End Use P ie Chart
Lighting
11%
Fan
10%
DHW
9%
Plug …Heati ng
9%
Cooling
44%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 68
2.3.17 Fire Administration and Station 10
2.3.17.1 General Description
Fire Station 10 is a single-story concrete masonry block construction building with an attached apparatus room.
Windows are single pane and bronze tinted. The building acts as the central command for the City of Santa Rosa Fire Department and administrative offices. In order to support this mission, there are dormitories for the fighter fighters, full kitchen, communications hub, administrative offices/meeting rooms, and lounge. The apparatus room consists of three full-sized bays to house vehicles and system s to support mission critical equ ipment. This facility operates 24/7. HVAC maintenance is provided by a third-party contractor.
2.3.17.2 Building Systems
Heating and cooling to the various areas throughout Fire Station 10 is provided by 10 packaged AC units installed on the roofs controlled by programmable thermostats. The units are equipped with DX cooling and natural gas- fired heating and vary in size from 3-Ton to 7.5-Ton. Areas throughout the facility are primarily lit by two-foot T8 fluorescent lighting systems. The apparatus rooms are lit by four-foot, two-lamp high output T5 fixtures.
2.3.17.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 71.
Figure 71 | Fire Administration a nd Station 10 Hourly Load Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 72 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
73. -
5.00 10.00
15.00 20.00
25.00 30.00
35.00 40.00
45.00 -240 760 1760 2760 3760 4760 5760 6760 7760 8760
kW
Hour
Average Load Profile 2019
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 69
Fi gure 72 | Fire Administration and Station 10 Utility Consumption 2019
Fi gure 73 | Fire Administration a nd Station 10 Utility Costs 2019
2.3.17.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, Fire Administration and Station 10 has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 24.
0 200
400
600
800
1,000
0 2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
THERMS
USAGE (KWH)
MONTH
Utilities
Electrica l Us age Na tura l Gas
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
$3,000
Jan Feb Mar A pr May Jun Jul A ug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Utility Costs
kWh Cost Nat ural Gas Cost
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 70
T able 24 | Fire Administration and Station 10 End Use Allocation End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 15.15 0.76 55,681 0 189,982
Fan 3.17 0.16 19,013 0 64,872
DHW 0 0.00 0 158 15,848
Plug Load 6.93 0.35 16,224 0 55,358
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 3,861 386,100
Cooling 8.18 0.41 24,543 0 83,740
Total 33 1.69 115,460 4,019 795,899
Utility Total 31 1.56 117,121 3,986 798,217
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. The Fire Training Complex uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 74.
Figure 74 | Fire Administration a nd Station 10 End Use P ie C hart
Lighting
24%
Fan
8%
DHW
2%
Plug …
Heati ng
48%
Cooling
11%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 71
2.3.18 Fire Station 2
2.3.18.1 General Description
Fire Station 2 is a single-story concrete masonry block construction building with aluminum siding featuring an attached apparatus room. The building supports dormitories for the fighter fighters, full kitchen, communications/admin area, and lounge/meeting area. The apparatus consists of two full-sized bays to house vehicles and systems to support mission critical equipm ent. This facility operates 24/7. HVAC maintenance is provided by a third-party contractor.
2.3.18.2 Building Systems
Space heating and cooling for Fire Station 2 is provided by two 4-Ton packaged AC units on the roof. An additional 4-Ton split-system with a natural gas furnace provides space conditioning for the common room. The units are all controlled by programmable thermostats. The apparatus room is heated by a ceiling mounted gas- fired heater. The facility is lit primarily by two-lamp, T8 fluorescent fixtures.
2.3.18.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 75.
Figure 75 | Fire S tation 2 Hourly Load P rofil e 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 76 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
77. -
2.00 4.00
6.00 8.00
10.00 12.00
14.00 16.00
18.00 20.00
-240 760 1760 2760 3760 4760 5760 6760 7760 8760
kW
Hour
Average Load Profile 2019
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 72
Figure 76 | Fire S tation 2 Utility Consumption 2019
Fi gure 77 | Fire Station 2 Utility Costs 2019
2.3.18.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, Fire Station 2 has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 25.
0 100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0 1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
THERMS
USAGE (KWH)
MONTH
Utilities
Electrica l Us age Na tura l Gas
$0
$200
$400
$600
$800
$1,000
$1,200
$1,400
Jan Feb Mar A pr May Jun Jul A ug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Utility Costs
kWh Cost Nat ural Gas Cost
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 73
T able 25 | Fire Station 2 End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 5.25 0.76 20,712 0 70,671
Fan 0.54 0.08 4,901 0 16,723
DHW 0 0.00 0 112 11,199
Plug Load 4.15 0.60 15,077 0 51,444
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 6,693 669,276
Cooling 4.97 0.72 15,839 0 54,042
Total 15 2.16 56,530 6,805 873,355
Utility Total - 0.00 57,848 7,076 904,977
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. Fire Station 2 uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 78.
Figure 78 | Fire S tation 2 End Use Pie C hart
Lighting
8% Fan
2%DHW
1%
Plug …
Heati ng
77%
Cooling
6%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 74
2.3.19 Fire Station 3
2.3.19.1 General Description
Fire Station 3 is a single-story concrete masonry block construction building with aluminum siding featuring an attached apparatus room. The building supports dormitories for the fighter fighters, full kitchen, communications/admin area, and lounge/meeting area. The apparatus consists of two full-sized bays to house vehicles and systems to support mission critical equipm ent. This facility operates 24/7. HVAC maintenance is provided by a third-party contractor.
2.3.19.2 Building Systems
Heating and cooling is provided by a single split system comprised of a 4-Ton air cooled condensing units and a natural gas furnace. The apparatus room is heated only by a ceiling mounted gas-fired unit heater. The facility is lit primarily by two-lamp, four-foot T8 fluorescent fixtures.
2.3.19.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown b elo w i n Figure 79.
Figure 79 | Fire S tation 3 Hourly Load P rofile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below i n Figure 80 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
81. (2. 00)
-
2.00 4.00
6.00 8.00
10.00 12.00
14.00 16.00
-240 760 1760 2760 3760 4760 5760 6760 7760 8760
kW
Hour
Average Load Profile 2019
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 75
Figure 80 | Fire S tation 3 Utility Consumption 2019
Fi gure 81 | Fire Station 3 Utility Costs 2019
2.3.19.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section2.3, Fire Station 3 has an end use profile that is detailed below in Table 26.
0 100
200
300
400
500
600
0 500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
THERMS
USAGE (KWH)
MONTH
Utilities
Electrica l Us age Na tura l Gas
$0
$100
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
$900
$1,000
Jan Feb Mar A pr May Jun Jul A ug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Utility Costs
kWh Cost Nat ural Gas Cost
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 76
T able 26 | Fire Station 3 End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 2.80 0.62 7,187 0 24,524
Fan 0.21 0.05 1,814 0 6,190
DHW 0.98 0.22 4,410 0 15,047
Plug Load 1.35 0.30 6,060 0 20,677
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 2,250 225,000
Cooling 3.31 0.74 15,740 0 53,706
Total 9 1.93 35,212 2,250 345,144
Utility Total 11 2.45 36,311 2,171 340,993
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. Fire Station 3 uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 82.
Figure 82 | Fire S tation 3 End Use Pie C hart
Lighting
7% Fan
2% DHW
4%
Plug …
Heati ng
65%
Cooling
16%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 77
2.3.20 Fire Station 4
2.3.20.1 General Description
Fire Station 4 is a single-story concrete/wood construction building with an attached apparatus room. The building supports dormitories for the fighter fighters, full kitchen, communications/admin area, and lounge/meeting area.
The apparatus consists of two full-sized bays to house vehicles and system s to support mission critical equipment. This facility operates 24 hours per day. HVAC maintenance is provided by a third-party contractor.
2.3.20.2 Building Systems
Heating and cooling to the facility provided by a single split system comprised of a 4-Ton air-cooled condensing units and a natural gas furnace. The apparatus room is heated only by a ceiling mounted gas-fired unit heater. The facility is lit primarily by two-lamp, four-foot T8 fluorescent fixtures.
2.3.20.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 83.
Figure 83 | Fire S tation 4 Hourly Load P rofile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 84 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
85. -
2.00 4.00
6.00 8.00
10.00 12.00
14.00 16.00
-240 760 1760 2760 3760 4760 5760 6760 7760 8760
kW
Hour
Average Load Profile 2019
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 78
Figure 84 | Fire S tation 4 Utility Consumption 2019
Figure 85 | Fire S tation 4 Utility Costs 2019
2.3.20.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, Fire Station 4 has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 27.
0 20
40 60
80 100
120
140
160
0 1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
THERMS
USAGE (KWH)
MONTH
Utilities
Electrica l Us age Na tura l Gas
$0
$100
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
$900
Jan Feb Mar A pr May Jun Jul A ug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Utility Costs
kWh Cost Nat ural Gas Cost
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 79
T able 27 | Fire Station 4 End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 4.25 0.95 10,736 0 36,631
Fan 0.83 0.18 4,971 0 16,960
DHW 0.98 0.22 4,410 0 15,047
Plug Load 1.35 0.30 6,060 0 20,677
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 675 67,500
Cooling 4.97 1.11 14,912 0 50,880
Total 12 2.76 41,089 675 207,695
Utility Total 13 2.90 39,980 650 201,412
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. Fire Station 4 uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 86.
Figure 86 | Fire S tation 4 End Use Pie C hart
Lighting
18%
Fan
8%
DHW
7%
Plug …Heati ng
33%
Cooling
24%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 80
2.3.21 Fire Station 5
2.3.21.1 General Description
Fire Station 5 is a prefabricated double-wide single-story building with an external carport to house a single fire- engine. The building supports dormitories for the fighter fighters, full kitchen, communications/admin area, and lounge/meeting area. This facility operates 24 hours per day. HVAC maintenance is provided by a third-party contractor.
2.3.21.2 Building Systems
The prefabricated facility is equipped with two building attached heat pump (BARD) units that provide both heating and cooling to spaces. The interior spaces are lit by four-lamp, four-foot T8 fluorescent fixtures.
2.3.21.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 87.
Figure 87 | Fire S tation 5 Hourly Load P rofile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown belo w i n Figure 88 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
89. City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 81
Figure 88 | Fire S tation 5 Utility Consumption 2019
Fi gure 89 | Fire Station 5 Utility Costs 2019
2.3.21.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, Fire Station 5 has an end use profile that is detailed below in Table 28.
0 0
0 1
1 1
0 500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
THERMS
USAGE (KWH)
MONTH
Utilities
Electrica l Us age Na tura l Gas
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 82
T able 28 |Fire Station 5 End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 2.44 0.53 5,340 0 18,218
Fan 0.30 0.07 447 0 1,526
DHW 0.80 0.18 3,600 0 12,283
Plug Load 0.91 0.20 3,315 0 11,311
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 7.74 1.70 11,606 0 39,600
Cooling 3.31 0.73 4,971 0 16,960
Total 16 3.40 29,279 0 99,899
Utility Total 18 3.95 28,573 0 97,491
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. Fire Station 5 uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 90.
Figure 90 | Fire S tation 5 End Use Pie C hart
Lighting
18%
Fan
8%
DHW
7%
Plug …Heati ng
33%
Cooling
24%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 83
2.3.22 Fire Station 6
2.3.22.1 General Description
Fire Station 6 is a single-story concrete/wood construction building with an attached apparatus room . The buildin g supports dormitories for the fighter fighters, full kitchen, communications/admin area, and lounge/meeting area.
The apparatus consists of two full-sized bays to house vehicles and system s to support mission critical equipment. This facility operates 24/7. HVAC maintenance is provided by a third-party contractor.
2.3.22.2 Building Systems
Heating and cooling for Fire Station 6 is provided by a single 4-Ton split system with a gas-fired furnace section.
The interior spaces are lit primarily with two-lamp, four-foot T8 fluorescent fixtures while the apparatus room is lit by CFL downlights.
2.3.22.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 91.
Fi gure 91 | Fire Station 6 Hourly Load Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 92 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
93. (2. 00)
-
2.00 4.00
6.00 8.00
10.00 12.00
-240 760 1760 2760 3760 4760 5760 6760 7760 8760
kW
Hour
Average Load Profile 2019
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 84
Figure 92 Fire S tation 6 Utility Consu mption 2019
Figure 93 | Fire S tation 6 Utility Costs 2019
2.3.22.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, Fire Station 6 has an end use profile that is depicted below in Table 29.
0 50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0 500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
THERMS
USAGE (KWH)
MONTH
Utilities
Electrica l Us age Na tura l Gas
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 85
T able 29 | Fire Station 6 End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 2.44 0.66 9,758 0 33,293
Fan 0.83 0.22 4,971 0 16,960
DHW 0.60 0.16 2,700 0 9,212
Plug Load 0.74 0.20 3,330 0 11,362
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 1,800 180,000
Cooling 4.97 1.34 14,912 0 50,880
Total 10 2.59 35,670 1,800 301,707
Utility Total 11 2.97 35,098 1,826 302,354
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. Fire Station 6 uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 94.
Figure 94 | Fire S tation 6 End Use Pie C hart
Lighting
11%
Fan
5%
DHW
3%
Plug …
Heati ng
60%
Cooling
17%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 86
2.3.23 Fire Station 7
2.3.23.1 General Description
Fire Station 7 is a single-story wood frame building with an attached apparatus room. The building supports dormitories for the fighter fighters, full kitchen, comm unications/admin area, and lou nge/meeting area. The apparatus consists of two full-sized bays to house vehicles and systems to support mission critical equipment.
This facility operates 24/7. HVAC maintenance is provided by a third-party contractor.
2.3.23.2 Building Systems
Heating and cooling for Fire Station 6 is provided by a single 2.5-Ton split system with a gas-fired furnace section.
The interior spaces are lit primarily with two-lamp, four-foot T8 fluorescent fixtures while the apparatus room is lit by CFL downlights.
2.3.23.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 95.
Figure 95 | Fire S tation 7 Hourly Load P rofile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 96 and its monthly utility costs below in Fi g ure
97. (2. 00)
-
2.00 4.00
6.00 8.00
10.00 12.00
-240 760 1760 2760 3760 4760 5760 6760 7760 8760
kW
Hour
Average Load Profile 2019
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 87
Figure 96 | Fire S tation 7 Utility Consumption 2019
Figure 97 | Fire S tation 7 Utility Costs 2019
2.3.23.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, Fire Station 7 has an end use profile that is detailed below in Table 30.
0 50
100
150
200
250
300
0 500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
THERMS
USAGE (KWH)
MONTH
Utilities
Electrica l Us age Na tura l Gas
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 88
T able 30 | Fire Station 7 End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 1.56 0.56 5,640 0 19,245
Fan 0.99 0.36 3,977 0 13,568
DHW 0.88 0.32 3,960 0 13,512
Plug Load 0.83 0.30 3,754 0 12,810
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 1,125 112,500
Cooling 5.42 1.95 10,845 0 37,003
Total 10 3.48 28,176 1,125 208,638
Utility Total 11 3.96 25,223 1,185 204,561
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. Fire Station 7 uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 98.
Fi gure 98 | Fire Station 7 End Use Pie Chart
Lighting
9%
Fan
7%
DHW
6%
Plug …
Heati ng
54%
Cooling
18%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 89
2.3.24 Fire Station 11
2.3.24.1 General Description
Fire Station 11 is a single-story prefabricated building with a detached attached apparatus room. The building supports dormitories for the fighter fighters, full kitchen, communications/admin area, and lounge/meeting area.
The apparatus consists of two full-sized bays to house vehicles and system s to support mission critical equipment. This facility operates 24/7. HVAC maintenance is provided by a third-party contractor.
2.3.24.2 Building Systems
There are three packaged AC units installed on the roof of Fire Station. The units provide DX cooling and natural gas heating to the facility and are controlled via programmable thermostats. The interior spaces throughout the facility and the apparatus room are lit primarily with two-l amp , fo ur-foot T8 fluorescent fixtures.
2.3.24.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 99.
Fi gure 99 | Fire Station 11 Hourly Load Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 100 and its monthly utility costs below in Figure 101.
(5. 00)
-
5.00 10.00
15.00 20.00
25.00 -240 760 1760 2760 3760 4760 5760 6760 7760 8760
kW
Hour
Average Load Profile 2019
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 90
Fi gure 100 | Fire Station 11 Utility Consumption 2019
Fi gure 101 | Fire Station 11 Utility Costs 2019
2.3.24.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, Fire Station 11 has an end use profile that is detailed below in Table 31.
0 20
40 60
80 100
120
140
0 1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
THERM
USAGE (KWH)
MONTH
Utilities
Electrica l Us age Na tura l Gas
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 91
T a ble 31 | Fire S tation 11 End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 2.52 0.56 9,894 0 33,758
Fan 2.13 0.47 8,521 0 29,074
DHW 0.60 0.13 2,700 0 9,212
Plug Load 0.90 0.20 4,040 0 13,785
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 420 42,000
Cooling 8.13 1.81 24,401 0 83,258
Total 14 3.18 49,557 420 211,087
Utility Total 18 4.01 46,858 476 207,479
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. Fire Station 11 uses most of its annual energy on cooling, as shown below in Figure 102.
Figure 102 | Fire Station 11 End Use P ie C hart
Lighting
16%
Fan
14%
DHW
4%
Plug …Heati ng
20%
Cooling
39%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 92
2.3.25 Church of One Tree
2.3.25.1 General Description
The Church of One Tree is a single-story wood construction building with vaulted ceilings and features single pane stained glass windows. It consists of a main chapel room as well as two restrooms by the entrance and a small maintenance room. The church is used for religious ceremonies primarily during the weekend and as a wedding venue. A third-party is responsible for HVAC maintenance.
2.3.25.2 Building Systems
Space conditioning for Church of One Tree is provided by various HVAC systems. The restrooms are conditioned by a VRF heat pump. A 200-MBH instantaneous HW heater delivers hot water floor mounted unit heaters installed around the Church Perimeter. Decorative incandescent lighting and floods are used throughout the facility.
2.3.25.3 Energy Analysis
Following the methodology outlined in Section 2.3, the load (kW) was averaged for each hour of the year 2019 to create the baseline load profile shown below in Figure 103.
Figure 103 | Church of One Tree Hourly Load Profile 2019
The buildings 2019 monthly consumption is shown below in Figure 104 and its monthly utility costs below in Figure 105.
(2. 00)
-
2.00 4.00
6.00 8.00
10.00 12.00
14.00 16.00
18.00 -240 760 1760 2760 3760 4760 5760 6760 7760 8760
kW
Hour
Average Load Profile 2019
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 93
Figure 104 | Church of One Tree Utility Consumption 2019
Fi gure 105 | Church of One Tree Utility Costs 2019
2.3.25.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, Church of One Tree has an end use profile that is detailed below in Table 32. While FY2019 showed had zero natural gas consumption, 2020 had sporadic consumption with an annual amount of 1317 therms. For the sake of the end use analysis, equipment was calibrated towards 2020 gas consumption.
0 0
0 1
1 1
0 500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
THERMS
USAGE (KWH)
MONTH
Utilities
Electrica l Us age Na tura l Gas
$0
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
$350
$400
$450
$500
Jan Feb Mar A pr May Jun Jul A ug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Utility Costs
kWh Cost Nat ural Gas Cost
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 94
T a ble 32 | C hurch of One Tree End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 2.57 1.21 11,046 0 37,690
Fan 0.29 0.14 1,740 0 5,936
DHW 0.20 0.09 900 0 3,071
Plug Load 0.11 0.05 249 0 848
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.06 0.03 280 1,350 135,954
Cooling 1.66 0.78 3,314 0 11,307
Total 5 2.30 17,528 1,350 194,806
Utility Total - 0.00 15,449 0 52,712
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. Church of One Tree uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 106.
Figure 106 | Church of One Tree End Use P ie C hart
Lighting
19%
Fan
3%
DHW
2%Plug …
Heati ng
70%
Cooling
6%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 95
2.3.26 4Cs Sonoma County Day Care
2.3.26.1 General Description
4Cs Sonoma County Day Care is a single-story wood construction building with single pane glazing. The building consists primarily of childcare rooms as well as an office/admin area. Typical hours of operation are from 7 AM to 5:30 PM. Monday through Friday. HVAC systems are serviced by a third-party contractor.
2.3.26.2 Building Systems
A single 5-Ton packaged rooftop unit with natural gas heat provides space condition to the facility. The facility is lit primarily by four-foot T8 fluoresc ent fixtures of various lamp configurations.
2.3.26.3 Energy Analysis
While owned by the City of Santa Rosa, this facility is leased with the occupants responsible for all utilities. As a result, utility trends and bills were not available for this building and no energy analysis was performed.
2.3.26.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, 4Cs Sonoma County Day Care has an end use profile that is detailed below in Table 33. As utilities were no provided, the end use analysis was not calibrated. This consumption is assu med to be
T able 33 | 4Cs Sonoma County Day Care End Use Allocation End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 3.15 1.63 13,644 0 46,554
Fan 0.25 0.13 1,491 0 5,088
DHW 0 0.00 0 31 3,119
Plug Load 0.58 0.30 2,099 0 7,163
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 0.00 0.00 0 388 38,813
Cooling 2.07 1.08 4,142 0 14,133
Total 6 3.14 21,377 419 114,868
Utility Total - 0.00 - - 0
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. 4Cs Sonoma County Day Care uses most of its annual energy on lighting, as shown below in Figure 107.
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 96
Fi gure 107 | 4Cs Sonoma County Day Care End Use Pie Chart
2.3.27 Apple Valley Modular
2.3.27.1 General Description
Apple Valley Modular is a single-story prefabricated steel frame construction. The building functions as an after- school activity center. The hours of operation are between 3 PM to 6 PM. HVAC is serviced by a third-party contractor.
2.3.27.2 Building Systems
The prefabricated facility is equipped with a single building attached heat pump (BARD) unit that provides both heating and cooling to the spaces. The interior spaces throughout the facility are lit by with two-l amp , fo ur-foot T8 fluorescent fixtures.
2.3.27.3 Energy Analysis
While owned by the City of Santa Rosa, this facility is leased with the occupants responsible for all utilities. As a result, utility trends and bills were not available for this building and no energy analysis was performed.
2.3.27.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, Apple Valley Modular has an end use profile that is detailed below in Table 34.
Lighting
41%
Fan
4%
DHW
3%Plug …
Heati ng
34%
Cooling
12%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 97
T able 34 | Apple Valley Modular End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 0.84 1.75 1,398 0 4,771
Fan 0.17 0.35 994 0 3,392
DHW 0 0.00 0 8 778
Plug Load 0.14 0.30 523 0 1,786
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 1.06 2.20 4,748 0 16,200
Cooling 0.83 1.73 1,657 0 5,653
Total 3 6.32 9,321 8 32,579
Utility Total - 0.00 - - 0
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. Apple Valley Modular uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Figure 108.
Fi gure 108: Apple Valley Modular End Use P ie Chart
Lighting
15%
Fan
10%
DHW
2%
Plug …
Heati ng
50%
Cooling
17%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 98
2.3.28 Sonoma Brookwood Center
2.3.28.1 General Description
The Sonoma Brookwood Center is a concrete masonry construction single story building with single-pa ne wi ndow glazing. The primary function of this building is to serve as an out-patient clinic for the local community. Stated hours of operation are 8 AM to 5 PM. HVAC is serviced by a third-party vendor.
2.3.28.2 Building Systems
As the Sonoma Brookwood Center is a leased interior access to the facility was lim ited at the time of the assessment. It is assumed that interior spaces are illum inated by linear T8 fluorescent fixtures. Space conditioning is provided by three packaged AC units installed on the roof equipped with DX cooling and natural gas heat.
2.3.28.3 Energy Analysis
Sonoma Brookwood Center is a leased facility where the tenant pays utilities. In order to access the consumption profile PG&E reps needed to facilitate communication between the tenant and the City. The efforts did not yield any utility information. As a result, an in-depth analysis could not be performed.
2.3.28.4 End Use Analysis
Following the methodology outlined above in Section 2.3, Sonoma Brookwood Center has an end use profile that is detailed below in Table 35.
T able 35 | Sonoma Brookwood Center End Use Allocation
End-Use Connected Electrical Load Electrical
Usage
Natural Gas
Usage Total Energy
Category kW W/Ft2 kWh Therms kBTU
Baseload Lighting 2.10 0.43 9,234 0 31,507
Fan 0.72 0.15 4,349 0 14,840
DHW 0 0.00 0 79 7,938
Plug Load 2.94 0.60 10,687 0 36,464
Weather
Depende
nt Loads
Heating 3.82 0.78 17,211 0 58,725
Cooling 4.35 0.89 13,048 0 44,520
Total 14 2.84 54,530 79 193,994
Utility Total - 0.00 - - 0
The end use energy shows how each building uses energy and can be used to direct and focus energy efficiency measures. Sonoma Brookwood Center uses most of its annual energy on heating, as shown below in Fi g ure 109.
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 99
Fi gure 109 | Sonoma Brookwood Center End Use Pie Chart
Lighting
16%
Fan
8%
DHW
4%
Plug …Heati ng
30%
Cooling
23%
Total kBTU Consumption by End Use
Lighting
Fan
DHW
Plug Load
Heating
Cooling
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 100
Energy Efficiency
AECOM conducted the ASHRAE Level-II site walks from February 22, 2021 through February 26, 2021. During th at week AECOM gained access to all 47 facilities spread across 28 unique addresses to assess building conditions, identify energy consuming systems, understand the current operation of these systems and document equipment information. In addition to collecting information with a focus on energy efficiency upgrades, we also obtained all the necessary details required complete the analyses for the renewable energy and microgrid portion of the contracted scope or work. Throughout the assessment period the City provided AECOM critical utility information and as-built drawings detailing facility energy consumption and building system specifications respectively. This information, coupled with the data collected during the site investigations, was collectively used as the foundation to develop the EEMs presented in this assessment report.
The EEM development process includes identifying systems for energy efficiency upgrades, analyzing energy and cost savings potential and estimating implementation costs. The EEMs were identified during the site walks by physical inspecting and documenting mechanical and electrical systems employed throughout the 47 building and interviewing City personnel to gain an understanding how the current equipment efficiencies and operation is contributing to the overall energy consumption of the building and how they can be improved. The identified EEMs were then analyzed using a combination of engineering spreadsheet models and 3D building energy simulation models. The spreadsheet analysis models were used to calculate energy savings at facilities where only one or two EEMs were identified while the 3D building energy simulation models were developed to analyze facilities where a suite of EEMs were identified that have interactive effects.
For this assessment AEC OM used eQUEST (version 3.65 build 7175) to develop models for City Hall, City Hall Annex, Maintenance Service Center North (MSCN) and Public Safety Building (PSB). In addition to having various interactive EEMs, these four facilities represent approximately half of the City’s energy spend and required a more detailed approach to the energy savings analysis. eQUEST is a comprehensive energy simu lation tool that allows for detailed analysis of building design that serves as graph ical interface for the advanced DOE-2 building energy use simulation program. Simply stated, eQUEST can be thought of as the “controls” in which inputs and variables are assigned while DOE-2 is the simulation “engine” which takes these inputs and provides all the associated calculation algorithms. DOE-2 is the most widely accepted building energy simulation program as the program has been in continuous development and enhancement for over two decades. With DOE-2 as the backbone for all calculations, eQUEST is an industry accepted buildin g energy simu lation software that can be used to calculate Commercial Building Tax Deductions as enacted under the Energy Policy Act of 2005 and modified by the PATH Act of 2015. Furthermore, eQUEST can be used to validate energy savings as one of the International Performance Measurement & Verification Protocol (IPMVP) measurement and verification (M&V) options.
Operation and maintenance (O&M) cost savings were included in the economic analysis performed for each EEM.
The estimated O&M savings are based on reducing the maintenance costs associated with the old equipment through replacements and/or upgrades. Based on discussion with the City, approximately $225,000 is spent annually on maintaining the building-level equipment at the 47 facilities. AECOM allocated this maintenance spend for each piece of equipment with additional weighting factors based on equipment type, equipment age and type of facility served. For details see (attachment xx CoSR – O&M Expenditure). As routine maintenance is recommended for any new equipment installed as part of the presented EEMs, the estimated annual maintenance costs will be significantly reduced but not eliminated.
Implementation costs were estimated for each EEM and used in conjunction with the cost savings to provide a simple payback measure metric for the City to evaluate each EEM. The implementation costs are based on previous projects implemented by AECOM of similar size and scope. Every effort has been made to provide the City with most accurate pricing, however, the cost of manufacturing commodities such as aluminum, copper, and City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 101
silicon have increased dramatically as of February 2021 due to political trade restrictions and material shortages.
Furthermore, equipment manufacturers have reduced their labor workforce to account for COVID restrictions which have also affected their equipment pricing as they attempt to maintain their own revenue goals. AECOM has attempted to capture these price increases in presented the implementation costs estimates.
The recommended measures presented in the following section focus on addressing deferred maintenance items while simultaneously improving energy efficiency and increasing resiliency throughout the 47 City facilities. These EEMs target upgrades to mechanical, electrical and control systems and are a blend of “savings drivers” and capital-intensive measures that align with the City goals and address issues presented by facility staff during the site walks. Where applicable, an additional option (in blu e) was provided that would support the City’s electrification and decarbonization goals. Although these electrification measures have energy savings components, the electrical rates are far greater than natural gas rates. As a result, these options should only be considered at facilities that have potential to install solar photovoltaic system s. A summary of these EEMs are detailed in Table
36. City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 102
T able 36 | Summary of EEM Energy and Financial Performance ECM ECM Description
Electrical
Savings
(kWh)
Electrical
Demand
Savings
(kW)
Natural
Gas
Savings
(Therms)
Total
Energy
Savings
(MMBTU)
Electrical
Cost
Savings
($)
Electrical
Demand
Cost
Savings
($)
Natural
Gas
Cost
Savings
($)
Total
Energy
Cost
Savings
($)
O&M
Savings
($)
Total
Cost
Savings
($)
ECM
Implementation
Cost ($)
Simple
Payback
(Years)
1 Lighting and
Lighting Controls
Upgrades
841,740 137 0 2,873 136,462 $10,374 $0 $146,836 $8,643 $155,478 $857,662 5.5
2.1 City Hall Packaged
Unit Replacement 20,712 4 757 146 $4,874 $3,107 $806 $8,787 $19,810 $28,596 $618,708 21.6
2.2 City Hall
Replacement with
Heat Pumps
-61,321 -51 10,222 813 -$9,970 -$6,463 $10,881 -$5,551 $19,810 $14,258 $780,700 54.8
3.2 City Hall Annex
Packaged Unit to
CHW
14,563 5 0 50 $1,993 $479 $0 $2,472 $1,248 $3,720 $472,500 127.0
3.3 City Hall Annex
Multi-Zone Unit to
VAV
76,273 9 4,892 750 $10,403 $2,150 $5,208 $17,760 $0 $17,760 $108,580 6.1
3.4 City Hall Annex
Multi-Zone AHU
Replacement
76,273 9 4,892 750 $10,403 $2,150 $5,208 $17,760 $42 $17,802 $227,300 12.8
3.5 City Hall Annex
Replace FCUs
with VRF System
23,895 0 0 82 $3,259 $1,006 $0 $4,265 $1,248 $5,514 $130,513 23.7
3.6 City Hall Annex
Boiler
Replacement
-1,128 0 3,162 312 -$154 $0 $3,366 $3,212 $933 $4,145 $181,216 43.7
3.7 City Hall Annex
Replace
Packaged Units
with Heat Pumps
-7,960 0 135 -14 -$1,088 $0 $144 -$944 $1,248 $304 $57,350 188.5
4.1 MSCN Packaged
Unit Replacement 34,077 6 30 119 $4,668 $2,093 $32 $6,793 $2,942 $9,735 $233,375 24.0
4.2 MSCN
Replacement with
Heat Pumps
-5,146 0 0 -18 -$318 $0 $0 -$318 $378 $60 $25,900 434.1
4.3 MSCN New
Chillers 4,754 1 0 16 $661 $1,082 $0 $1,744 $1,402 $3,146 $149,070 47.4
4.4 MSCN New Boilers -1,283 0 2,651 261 -$173 -$7 $2,822 $2,643 $4,982 $7,624 $305,048 40.0
5.1 PSB - New Central
Plant with Heat
Recovery
97,476 7 1,763 509 $13,319 $4,676 $1,877 $19,871 $5,496 $25,367 $991,866 39.1 City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 103
ECM ECM Description
Electrical
Savings
(kWh)
Electrical
Demand
Savings
(kW)
Natural
Gas
Savings
(Therms)
Total
Energy
Savings
(MMBTU)
Electrical
Cost
Savings
($)
Electrical
Demand
Cost
Savings
($)
Natural
Gas
Cost
Savings
($)
Total
Energy
Cost
Savings
($)
O&M
Savings
($)
Total
Cost
Savings
($)
ECM
Implementation
Cost ($)
Simple
Payback
(Years)
5.2 PSB - New AHUs
and Controls 68,475 4 0 234 $9,338 $1,796 $0 $11,134 $255 $11,389 $764,250 67.1
5.3 PSB - New VAV
Terminal Units and
Controls
73,325 6 20,357 2,286 $10,007 $343 $21,670 $32,020 $4,665 $36,685 $398,950 10.9
5.5 PSB - Convert
Comm. Units to
CHW
-23,208 -1 0 -79 -$3,166 -$430 $0 -$3,596 $729 -$2,868 $135,000 -47.1
5.6 PSB - New
Packaged Comm.
Units
296 0 0 1 $41 $13 $0 $54 $486 $540 $43,984 81.4
6.1 MSCS - Packaged
Unit Replacement 43,253 0 3,625 510 $11,987 $0 $3,859 $15,846 $1,290 $17,135 $425,698 24.8
7.1 Chamber Building
- Packaged Unit
Replacement
16,874 0 2,074 265 $4,093 $0 $2,208 $6,301 $4,134 $10,436 $92,366 8.9
7.2 Chamber Building
- Replace with
Heat Pumps
-43,235 0 2,923 145 -$2,008 $0 $3,112 $1,104 $4,134 $5,239 $116,550 22.2
8.1 Finley Park
Community
Center - Packaged
Unit Replacement
126,619 0 12,281 1,660 $20,750 $0 $13,073 $33,823 $7,436 $41,259 $439,840 10.7
8.2 Finley Park
Community
Center - Replace
with Heat Pumps
-292,386 0 17,079 710 -$13,292 $0 $18,181 $4,889 $7,436 $12,325 $555,000 45.0
9.1 Steele Lane
Community
Center - Packaged
Unit Replacement
7,496 0 2,633 289 $1,836 $0 $2,803 $4,639 $5,277 $9,915 $153,944 15.5
9.2 Steel Lane
Community
Center - Replace
with Heat Pumps
-59,660 0 4,174 214 -$11,204 $0 $4,443 -$6,761 $5,277 -$1,484 $194,250 -130.9 10 New EMCS at 10
Main Facilities 121,555 9 2,818 697 $19,379 $2,080 $3,000 $24,459 $0 $24,459 $1,469,100 60.1
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM
104
3.1 Energy Efficiency Measures
3.1.1 EEM 1.0 Lighting and Lighting Controls Upgrades
Upgrading the interior and exterior lighting systems with new, high efficiency light-emitting diode (LED) lighting an d control technology will decrease electrical usage, minim ize operating and maintenanc e costs, and improve the overall light quality at Santa Rosa facilities. This ECM will upgrade approxim ately 5,615 lighting system s throughout all the included City facilities through a combination of LED retrofits, direct fixture replacemen ts, and re-lamps.
Furthermore, the proposed LEDs have a greater average lamp life compared to the existing lighting systems, thus improving system reliability and drastically reducing the frequency of lam p maintenance and facility life cycle costs.
T able 37 | EEM 1 – Lighting and Lighting Controls Upgrade Savings Details
3.1.1.1 Background and Existing Conditions
During the site visits, AECOM performed a comprehensive room-by-room lighting survey and detailed the lighting systems used throughout the city. It was observed that Santa Rosa utilizes various types of lighting systems to illuminate interior spaces, however, most of the fixtures are linear T8 fluorescent fixtures of various wattages and lamp configuration s. High Bay areas suc h as garages and fire station apparatus rooms are typically illu minated by high output linear T5 florescent fixtures. The interior lighting systems observed throughout the City are largely manually controlled by the building occupants using wall switches. In addition, many of the spaces that require 24/7 lighting (corridors, stairwells, etc.) do not have bi-level or dimming capabilities. The absence of automated controls results in lighting systems that remain on at full output when the areas are vacant. Because of the lack of lighting controls, the opportunity for sim ple localized lighting controls will assist the City in reducing both the output and the operating hours of lighting systems when spaces are not in use.
Exterior lighting system s used throughout the City facilities are a mix of induction and various high intensity discharge fixtures. These exterior lighting systems are controlled by a combination of photocells and timeclocks. If programmed correctly, time clocks can be an effective method of controlling lighting systems and managing energy. Although the opportunity to improve the control of the exterior lighting is limited, there is a great opportunity to improve the overall light quality, particularly when replacing high pressure sodium fixtures (HPS) HPS lamps emit a yellow light that is not uniform in dispersal and renders color poorly. LEDs provide a white light that is evenly dispersed when compared to HID luminaires, thus improving the overall light quality of an area.
EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ay back
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( Therms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Savings ($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
N a tura
l Gas
C o s t
Saving
s ($)
O&M
C o s t
Savings
($)
T o tal Cost
Savings ($)
L arge
F acilities 428,993 71 0 1,464 $58,237 $10,366 $0 $4,777 $73,380 $748,756 10.2 Sm all
F acilities 340,735 50 0 1,163 $64,575 $8 $0 $3,509 $68,092 $87,757 1.3 L e ased
F acilities 72,011 16 0 246 $13,650 $0 $0 $357 $14,006 $21,150 1.5 T o tal 841, 740 137 0 2,873 $136,462 $10, 374 $0 $8,643 $155,478 $857,662 5.5 City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 105
3.1.1.2 EEM Description and Benefits
The existing lighting systems will be upgraded through a combination of fixture retrofits, fixture replacements, and figures re-lamps.
Fi xture Retrofits: The linear fluorescent T8 fixtures will be upgraded using retrofit kits. A retrofit or conversion kit replaces the lamp and ballast with new electronics and LED modules and re-uses the existing housing.
Fi xture Replacements: The various Induction, HID, and T5 fixtures used in high bay and exterior applications and will be replaced with new LED fixtures. Fi xture Re-Lamp s: Screw-in lamps such as A15, A19, and A21 bulbs will be re-lamped with equivalent LEDs.
The proposed control solution utilizes local, integrated occupancy, and daylight and dimming controls. Integrated occupancy sensors offer several benefits over centralized occupancy sensors and lighting control systems.
Centralized occupancy sensors turn on all connected fixtures for a single occupant passing through a space. In contrast, LEDs with integral sensors only power individual fixtures. This precision control is more energy efficient as only the fixtures required for the path of travel are lit for a person passing through the space.
Second, the failure of an integrated LED occupancy sensor will only affect that specific fixture. If a centralized occupancy sensor fails, all the lights connected to that control system are either turned off or remain on.
Furthermore, if the sensor of an individual fixture fails in the off position, the other working fixtures in the area will be available to illu minate the space. Conversely, if a single LED fixture fails in the on position will not significantly increase energy use. Either failure allows a scheduled response for fixture maintenance instead of an immediate response requirement.
3.1.1.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
Table 38, Table 39 , and Table 40 provides a summary of the quantity of fixtures that are recommended for upgrades.
T able 38 | Quantity of Fixtures Upgraded at Main Facilities Building Description Quantity of Fixtures for Upgrades City Hall 2 -5 346
City Hall 6 -8 246
City Hall 1, 9 -11 524
City Hall Annex 299
PSB 834
MSCN Admin/Lab building 271
MSCN Shop building 206
MSCN Warehouse 9
MSCN Garage 198
MSCN Vehicle Storage building 11
MSCN Wash Station #1 10
MSCS 420
Fire Admin/Station 10 249
Chamber Building-637 1st St 132
Steele Lane Community Center 177
Ridgway Swim Center 18
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Building Description Quantity of Fixtures for Upgrades Finley Park Community Center 531
Finley Park Swim Center 72
Finley Park Pool Mechanical
building
8 Finley Park Pool Concession
building
2 Finley Park Senior wing 216
Transit Operations Building 122
T o tal 4901
T able 39 | Quantity of Fixtures Upgraded at Small Facilities Building Description Quantity of Fixtures for Upgrades Fire Station 2 110
Fire Station 3 50
Fire Station 4 78
Fire Station 5 (temp) 14
Fire Station 6 47
Fire Station 7 29
Fire Training office 1 11
Fire Training classroom 2 10
Fire Training classroom 3 10
Museum 18
Fire Station 11 Modular 28
Fire Station 11 Apparatus building 18
Church of One Tree 27
Deturk Round Barn 60
4Cs Day Care 44
Apple Valley Modular 15
T o tal 569
T a ble 40 | Qu antity of Fixtures Upgraded a t Leased Facilities Building Description Quantity of Fixtures for Upgrades Sam Jones Hall 120
Sonoma Brookwood Ctr 25
T o tal 145
3.1.1.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
The power draw of each existing and proposed fixture type was assumed to match the fixtures wattage table as provided by manufacturers.
Lighting run hours used for savings analysis are based on the measured hours of similar space types from other projects implemented by AECOM. The hours for each space type are detailed in Table 41.
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T a ble 41 | EEM 1 .0 – Assu me d L ighting Hours Per S pac e Type S pace Code Space Type Hours
HW Hallway 6,572
PO Private Office 2,046
CF Conference 1,664
ME Mechanical 2,458
RR Restroom 3,172
OO Open Office 4,397
LB Labs 5,225
SH Shop 4,397
HB High bay 4,456
QT Quarters 2,000
WH Warehouse 2,080
EX Exterior 4,380
OOMSCS Open Office MSCS 3,120
Electrical and demand cost savings are based on TOU rates. Lighting cost savings are calculated by applying effective percentages for each TOU block based on the facilities’ scheduled hours of operations.
3.1.2 EEM 2 City Hall Packaged Unit Replacement
Replacing the 35 antiqu ated air condition ing (AC) systems will improve the energy efficiency at City Hall and reduce Santa Rosa’s energy usage and maintenance costs. A like-for-like replacement is recommended to save energy related costs whereas the secondary option is to replace the DX/natural gas equipment with high efficiency heat pumps which will assist in decarbonization and electrification goals. Either of the presented o p tions will reduce Santa Rosa’s total energy consumption, however, the price of electricity is currently greater than the price of natural gas. As a result, the like-for-like replacement has more favorable economics. In addition, either replacement option will result in transitioning the City’s reliance on R-22 to a refrigerant that is more environmentally friendly.
T able 42 | EEM 2.0 – City Hall Packaged Unit Replacement Savings Details EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ayback
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
DX/Natural
Gas 20,712 4 757 146 $4,874 $3,107 $806 $19,810 $28,596 $618,708 21.6 Heat Pumps -61,321 -51 10,222 813 -$9,970 -$6,463 $10,881 $19,810 $14,258 $780,700 54.75
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3.1.2.1 Background and Existing Conditions
Space conditioning for City Hall is provided by total of 35 HVAC systems. Thirty-four of the systems are similar packaged rooftop units ranging from 5-
Tons -to 7.5-Tons each. The units are all
approximately 24 years and are at the
end of their effective service life. A single
15-Ton air-cooled condensing unit
(ACCU) is connected to an air handing
unit (AHU) the serves multiple spaces in
the wing 1 basement. These units are
inefficient compared to modern
equivalents. All above the existing units
operate using R-22, a
hydrochlorofluorocarbon based
refrigerant that is currently being phased
out under the Montreal Protocol. The
Montreal Protocol is an international
treaty designed to project the ozone
layer by phasing out ozone depleting
substances. The protocol has currently
limited produ ction of R-22 as of 2015
and has issued an end to refrigerant production in 2030. Replacing the antiquated units will reduce energy usage and associated energy costs. Furthermore, the new units will operate using readily available environmentally refrigerants that will aid in the reduction of City maintenance costs and reduce contribution to ozone depletion and global warming respectively.
3.1.2.2 EEM Description and Benefits
There are two replacement options considered at City Hall: a like-for-like replacement and a replacement using high efficiency air source heat pumps.
3.1.2.2.1 Option 1: Like-for-Like Replacement
Replacing the existing AC units with high efficiency equivalent units will improve the energy efficiency at City Hall and reduce both electrical and natural gas consumption and the City’s associated energy costs. The new units will operate with a cooling efficiency of approximately 12 EER and a heating effici ency o f 80%. The new units will operate with R-410A refrigerant which is readily available compared to R-22 which is currently being phased out, as a result, the City will reduce routine maintenance costs.
3.1.2.2.2 Option 2: Replace with High Efficiency Heat Pumps Replacing the existing packaged AC units with high efficiency heat pumps will improve the energy efficiency at City Hall and reduce the City’s overall energy consumption and carbon emissions while supporting the City’s electrification goals. Unfortunately, the cost of electricity greatly outweighs the cost of natural gas and without a clean renewable source of electrical energy, replacing the existing units with high efficiency air source heat pumps will result in an increase in electrical costs.
An air source heat pump is an air conditioning system that moves heat from one place to another to perform both heating and cooling functions. In cooling mode, the heat pump operates like a traditional AC unit and absorbs heat from the interior space and releases it to the ambient through the condenser. During heating mode, the cycle is reversed, absorbing heat from the outside air and transferring it to the indoor space. As a result, utilizing a heat Figure 110 | Each w ing of City Hall has a pproximately four to five packaged AC units all over 20 years old that are recommended for replacement.
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AECOM 109
pump for space heating will significantly reduce the City’s carbon emissions by eliminating the onsite combustion process that is used in gas-fired furnaces to generate heat. As heat pumps do not require a combustion fuel source, City hall will no lon ger require natural gas for space heating purposes except for the duct furnaces attached to the wing 1 basement split system. The cooling efficiency of the proposed units ranges from 13 to 11.8 EER for a 5-Ton and 7.5-Ton unit respectively. Furthermore, heating has a COP of approximately 3.5.
3.1.2.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The following table represents the packaged AC units identified for replacement at City Hall.
T able 43 | City Hall AC Units Identified for Replacement E qu ipment
ID Manufacturer Mo del S er ial Y ear C o oling
Capacity (Tons)
H ea ting
I nput (MBH)
CH 01 (AC 21) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103523D 1996 5.0 90 CH 02 (AC 19) Trane YCH091D4LOBE L07103547D 1996 7.5 120 CH 03 (AC 18) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103520D 1996 5.0 90 CH 04 Day/Night 576AEX240000AAAA 2193F52003 1996 15.0 CH 05 (AC 20) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103529D 1996 5.0 90 CH 06 (AC 22) Trane YCH06104LOBE L07103524D 1996 5.0 90 CH 07 (AC 23) Trane YCH091D4LOBE L07103541D 1996 7.5 120 CH 08 (AC 25) Trane YCH091D4LOBE L07103546D 1996 7.5 120 CH 09 (AC 24) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L08102734D 1996 5.0 90 CH 10 Carrier 38TH060300 4590E00846 1990 5.0 90
CH 11 (AC 26) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103526D 1996 5.0 90 CH 12 (AC 27) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103518D 1996 5.0 90 CH 13 (AC 28) Trane YCH091D4LOBE L07103543D 1996 7.5 120 CH 14 (AC 29) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103522D 1996 5.0 90 CH 15 (AC 30) Trane YCH091D4LOBE K471006070 1995 7.5 120 CH 16 (AC 31) Trane YCH091D4LOBE L07103548D 1996 7.5 120 CH 17 (AC 32) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103519D 1996 5.0 90 CH 20 (AC 3) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103531D 1996 5.0 90 CH 21 (AC 2) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103527D 1996 5.0 90 CH 22 (AC 1) Trane YCH091D4LOBE K47100606D 1995 7.5 120 CH 23 (AC 6) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103521D 1996 5.0 90 CH 24 (AC 33) Trane YCH09104LOBA H431426130 1993 7.5 120 CH 25 (AC 5) Trane YCH091D4LOBE L07103544D 1996 7.5 120 CH 26 (AC 4) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103517D 1996 5.0 90 CH 27 (AC 7) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L071035 1996 5.0 90
CH 28 Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103530D 1996 5.0 90
CH 29 (AC 9) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103534D 1996 5.0 90 CH 30 (AC 10) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103532D 1996 5.0 90 CH 31 (AC 11) Trane YCH091D4LOBE L08103560D 1996 7.5 120 CH 32 (AC 12) Trane YCH091D4LOBD K47106090 1995 7.5 120 CH 33 (AC 13) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103528D 1996 5.0 90 CH 34 (AC 14) Trane YCY06CF4MOAA J25152529 1994 5.0 90 CH 35 (AC 15) Trane YCH091D4LOBE L08103561D 1996 7.5 120 CH 36 (AC 16) Trane YCH091D4LOBE L071035405D 1996 7.5 120 City of Santa Rosa
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CH 37 (AC 17) Trane YCH061C4LOBE L07103533D 1996 5.0 90 T o tal 35 - - - 218 3,450
3.1.2.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this ECM:
Existing packaged AC units have a cooling and heating efficiency of 9 EER and 75% respectively Packaged AC units operate from 8 AM through 10 PM Monday through Sunday Existing Cooling and Heating Setpoints are 72⁰F and 70⁰F respectively
3.1.3 EEM 3.2 City Hall Annex Packaged AC Units to CHW
Replacing the five packaged AC units with CHW AHUs and connecting to the existing chilled water (CHW) system will assist the City in standardizing the HVAC systems at the City Hall Annex and reduce routing maintenance cost associated with the packaged systems. The recommended EEM will install five new AHUs with CHW coils and a gas-fired heating section. The existing CHW piping on the roof will be modified to facilitate the integration of the new equipment to the existing system.
T able 44 | C ity Hall Annex Packaged Unit to CHW Savings D etails EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ay back
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
City Hall Annex
– Packaged
ACs to CHW
14,563 5 0 50 $1,993 $479 $0 $1,248 $3,720 $472,500 127.0
3.1.3.1 Background and Existing Conditions
Heating and Cooling for space comfort at the City Hall Annex is supplied by various HVAC system s. A hydronic system comprising of two boilers and an air-cooled chiller produce hot water (HW) and CHW respectively for the 4-pipe fan coil units (FCUs) and multi-zone (MZ) air handling unit (AHU) that serve a portion of the facility. Seven additional unitary HVAC systems serve the remaining areas. Two of the units are computer room air conditioning (CRAC) units that cool the server room while the remaining five packaged AC units condition various offices areas.
These packaged AC units have DX cooling and gas-fired heating were replaced in 2015. Based on the 15-year ASHRAE life expectancy of a packaged AC, these six-year-old units have approximately nine years remaining on their expected service life. The nameplate capacity of the units ranges from 2.5-Tons to 4-Tons (See Table 44 for details). Furthermore, these AC units operate using R-410A, a refrigerant that is more environmentally friendly compared to R-22 which is commonly used throughout the City facilities. Replacement of the units on a like-for- like basis is not necessary, however, replacing the units with new AHUs with CHW cooling and gas-fired heating move the City toward standardizing the systems at the City Hall Annex and reducing maintenance costs.
3.1.3.2 EEM Description and Benefits
AECOM recommends that the five packaged AC units be replaced with CHW AHUs with a gas-fired heating section. The CRAC units should remain split from the CHW system so that it can continuously operate to cool the server loads while the CHW-based systems can be shut off during off hours. Both the existing the 50-Ton air- cooled chiller and the five AC units are located on the roof, therefore CHW piping modification efforts will be minimal. Based the preliminary analysis, the chiller is 50 percent loaded most of its operating hours and has the City of Santa Rosa
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AECOM 111
capacity to support an additional 15-Tons of cooling demand. Furthermore, the additional load on the system would only overload the system six-hours annually. Although there are energy savings by increasing the cooling and heating efficiency of the units, a majority of the cost savings for this EEM result from the reduction of routine maintenance cost from transitioning the packaged AC units to CHW.
3.1.3.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The following packaged AC units have been identified for replacement as part of this EEM:
T able 45 | City Hall Annex AC Units Identified for Replacement E quipment ID Manufacturer Model Serial Year C o oling C a pacity (Tons)
H ea ting Input
(MBH)
ANX 01 Carrier 48LCE005A2A5A0A 5 1515C85477 2015 4.0 60 ANX 02 Carrier 48VGNB3006030TP 1215C04515 2015 2.5 60 ANX 04 Carrier 48XPN042060311 5005G41134 2005 4.0 60 ANX 05 Carrier 48VGNB3006030TP 1215C04517 2015 2.5 60 ANX 06 Carrier 48VGNB3006030TP 1215C04523 2015 2.5 60 T o tal 5 16 300
3.1.3.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
The existing packaged AC units have a cooling and heating efficiency of 10.2 EER and 80% respectively. The existing 50-Ton air-cooled chiller operates with a full load efficien cy of 1.2 kW/Ton
3.1.4 EEM 3.3 & 3.4 City Hall Annex Multi-Zone to VAV Conversion The City of Santa Rosa can reduce both electrical and natural gas usage and minimize HVAC operating costs at the City Hall Annex by converting the multi-zone AHU from constant volume operation to variable air volume.
There are two options discussed to convert the system. The first option includes reusing the AHUs and retrofitting it with a new inverter rated motor and VFD along with 10 slide-in VAV terminal retrofit kits near the existing damper actuators. The second option will replace the AHU with a new VAV AHU and install 10 standard VAV boxes at the zone-level. While both options provide equal energy efficiency improvements, the second option presents the opportunity to replace the entire AHU and address any deferred maintenance associated with the unit.
T able 46 | C ity Hall Annex Multi-Zone to VAV Conversion Savings Details EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ay back
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Conversion
Only
76,273 9 4,892 750 $10,403 $2,150 $5,208 $0 $17,760 $108,580 6.1 Conversion
Including
AHU
Replacement
76,273 9 4,892 750 $10,403 $2,150 $5,208 $42 $17,802 $227,300 12.8
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3.1.4.1 Background and Existing Conditions
Heating and Cooling at the City Hall Annex is
provided by a combination of hydronic and
packaged unitary systems. A multi-zone AHU
provides space conditioning to 10-zones on
both the first and second floors of the facility.
The unit is in the basement and is equipp ed with
both CHW and HHW coils. CHW is supplied
from a 50-Ton, air cooled chiller located on the
roof while HHW is supplied by two 300-MBH
boilers installed in the basement mechanical
room. A VFD is installed on the 15-HP supply
fan, however, it was observed to be operating
near 100% speed at non-design conditions. It is
assumed that this VFD is used for air balancing
of the system and not for real-time airflow
modulation. A single actuator connected to a
mechanical linkage controls both the hot deck
and cold deck dampers. For this type of multi-
zone system, the hot deck and cold deck
airflows are mixed to p ro d uce the supply air
temperature required to satisfy the thermal
demands of the associated zone. Converting this system to Variable Air Volum e (VAV) operation can eliminate simultaneous heating and cooling and reduce both energy usage and operating costs at City Hall Annex.
3.1.4.2 EEM Description and Benefits
Converting the system to VAV operation will allow the AHU to vary the amount of conditioned air that is delivered to the space based on real-time cooling and heating demands and significantly minimize simu ltaneous heating a cooling. For example, when a space requires cooling, the zone damper will open and the supply fan on the AHU will speed up to deliver the exact amount of air required to meet the cooling demand. When the space temperature requirements are met, zone damper will modulate shut and the AHU fan will slow down to maintain the set pressure in the duct. A dual maximum control strategy will be used when the system is in heating mode and the operation will be the same as cooling mode, with the zone damper opening to a set maximum and air flow modulation as required by the space heating d emands . The ability to efficiently operate the system at non-des ig n conditions will reduce electrical and natural gas usage and energy related costs for Santa Rosa as HVAC systems typically operate partial loaded.
3.1.4.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
There are two multi-zone to VAV upgrade options considered at the City Hall Annex. While both options provide equal energy efficiency improvements, the second option presents the opportunity to replace the entire AHU and address any deferred maintenance associated with the unit.
3.1.4.3.1 Option 1: Multi-Zone Unit Retrofit
Option 1 will utilize the existing AHU and provide mechanical retrofits to both the supply fan and the zone control components. The scope of work for this retrofit option includes:
Figure 111 | VAV upgrades can minimize the simultaneous heating and co o ling required for typical zone control of the multi -zone system to r educe both energy and operating costs at t he C ity H all Annex.
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 113
1. Replacing the existing 15-HP supply fan motor with a new inverter rated premium efficiency motor
2. Replacing the existing 15-HP VFD
3. Installing 10 slide-in VAV retrofit terminals complete with localized controls The slide-in VAV retrofit terminal units are a cost-effective method of converting a multi-zone unit by cutting rectangular holes in the side of the duct and mounting the unit in place near the hot deck/cold deck dam pers as opposed to locating and installing new VAV boxes at the zone-level.
3.1.4.3.2 Option 2: Multi-Zone Unit Replacement
Option 2 will replace the existing multi-zone AHU with a new unit and install 10 new standard VAV boxes at the zone level. The scope of work for this replacement option includes:
1. Demolishing, removing and disposing of the existing AHU.
2. Furnishing and installing one (1) new 10,000 CFM VAV AHU complete with:
a. VFD equipped supply fan
b. Modulating outside air, return air and exhaust air dampers with complete with damper actuators for economizer operation
c. Modifications to account for exhaust air during economizer operation d. 316-MBH CHW coil with two-way control valve
e. 350-MBH HHW coil with two-way control valve
3. Furnishing and installing 10 new standard VAV boxes at the zone level
4. Installing localized controls for system automation. The following control points included in this EEM ar e represented in Table 47 and Table 48.
T able 47 | Schedule of VAV Control Points Per Box
Point Description Point Type
Air Flow Damper Position Analog Out
Air Flow Sensor Analog In
Discharge Air Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Setpoint Analog In
Occupancy Override Digital In
T o tal Points Per Box 6
T able 48 | Schedule of Cont rol Points for the New AHU P o int Description P o int Type
Supply Fan Start/Stop Digital Out
Supply Fan Status Digital In
Supply Fan VFD Output Analog Out
Supply Fan VFD Fault Digital In
Duct Static Pressure Analog In
Economizer Damper Analog Out
Outside Air Damper Analog Out
Relief/Exhaust Damper Analog Out
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AECOM 114
Return Air Damper Analog Out
Return Air Temperature Analog In
Mixed Air Temperature Analog In
Low Temperature Sensor Analog In
Chilled Water Valve Analog Out
Hot Water Valve Analog Out
Discharge Air Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Analog In
Smoke Detector Analog In
Filter Differential Pressure Analog In
T o tal Points Per Unit 18
3.1.4.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
The existing VFD is used only for balancing purposes and not for real-time modulation There is space at the zone level above the dropped ceiling for the installation of new standard VAV boxes
3.1.5 EEM 3.5 City Hall Annex Variable Refrigerant Flow System A new Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) system complete with a new 28-Ton air cooled condenser and 21 indoor FCUs can improve energy efficiency at the City Hall Annex and reduce the City’s electrical usage associated costs while supporting their electrification efforts. The VRF system will be equipped with factory installed BACnet controls, so that it can be easily integrated into a city-wide Energy Management and Control System (EMCS).
Lastly, the new system will replace FCUs at the end of their effective service life and reduce maintenance cost inherent with the upkeep of 20-year-old equipment.
T able 49 | C ity Hall Annex VRF System Savings Details E E M Description
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ay back
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
City Hall Annex –
VRF System
23,895 0 0 82 $3,259 $1,006 $0 $1,248 $5,514 $130,513 23.7
3.1.5.1 Background and Existing Conditions
Heating and Cooling for space comfort at the City Hall Annex is supplied by various HVAC system s. A hydronic system comprising of two boilers and an air-cooled chiller produce HW and CHW respectively for the 4-pipe fan coil units and MZ AHU that serve a portion of the facility. There are approximately 21 FCUs that serve private perimeter offices on both the first and second floors of the facility. Based on discussion with City personnel the FCUs are over 20 years old and should be replaced soon to address deferred maintenance.
3.1.5.2 EEM Description and Benefits
AECOM recommends replacing the 21 CHW/HW FCUs with a new VRF system with heat recovery technology to reduce electrical usage and associated costs at City Hall Annex and to support the City’s electrification goals. A City of Santa Rosa
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AECOM 115
typical VRF system consists of multiple indoor FCUs connected to a common refrigerant loop and a single outdoor air-cooled condensing unit (ACCU). The system can control the amount of refrigerant flowing to the various indoor units to efficiently provide individualized comfort control to each zone. While a VRF system can provide both heating and cooling capabilities, the recommended heat recovery feature provides the ability to simultaneously heat and cool. This is performed by removing the heat from a zone that requires cooling and transferring it to a zone that demands it. To further improve energy efficiency, the ACCU that absorbs or rejects heat from the outdoor ambient is equipped with an inverter-driven compressor that varies the compressor speed to match the indoor heating or cooling demands. The new VRF system will have factory installed BACnet controls, that can be easily integrated with a City-wide Energy Management and Controls System (EMCS).
3.1.5.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The new VRF will consist of the following equipment:
One (1) New 28-Ton High Efficiency Outdoor ACCU with Heat Recovery Nominal Heating Capacity 350-MBH
Nominal Cooling Capacity 27.8-Tons
21 new indoor units capable of providing 1-Ton cooling and 12,000 BTU/H of heating each. The configuration of the units is space dependent, however, ceiling cassettes are recommended.
3.1.5.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
FCU counts are sizing are based on vintage 1998 mechanical drawings provided by the City
3.1.6 EEM 3.6 City Hall Annex Boiler Replacement
By replacing the two boilers at City Hall Annex, the City can improve the energy efficiency at City Hall Annex and reduce natural gas consumption and associated energy costs. Furthermore, the replacement will address deferred maintenance issues on the 30-year-old equipment. It is recommended that the two boilers be replaced with one low NOx 399-MBH condensing boiler that can achieve an efficiency of up to 98%. The proposed boiler has a modular design comprising of two thermal modules. Even though it is a single boiler, the two-module design operates as two independent thermal sections so heating system redundancy and facility resiliency is not compromised.
T able 50 | C ity Hall Annex Boiler Replacement Savings Details EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
Pay back
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
City Hall
Annex -
Boiler
Replacement
-1,128 0 3,162 312 -$154 $0 $3,366 $933 $4,145 $181,216 43.7 City of Santa Rosa
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3.1.6.1 Background and Existing Conditions
The City Hall Annex is conditioned by a combination of hydronic and unitary heating and cooling equipment. 4- Pipe Fan Coil Units (FCUs) equipped with both hydronic heating and cooling coils serve the perimeter offices.
Additionally, a 10-Zone Multi-Zone AHU with hydronic heating and cooling coils serve various core areas throughout the building. Heating hot water for the units is produced by two 300-MBH natural gas-fired boilers located in the basement. These boilers are estimated to be over 30 years old and are inefficient compared to modern high efficiency units. Over time, gas-fired boilers lose efficiency as fouling and degradation of the heat transfer surface take place. Efficiency can also be lost due to poor combustion and temperature control. These factors combine to reduce overall efficiency of existing boilers. By replacing the two boilers with new, high efficiency units, the City can reduce natural gas usage and associated energy costs at the City Hall Annex.
3.1.6.2 EEM Description and Benefits
AECOM recommends replacing the two 300-MBH
boilers with a single 399-MBH condensing boiler. The
preliminary analysis performed for the system indicates that the peak heating load for the building is
approximately 250-MBH and the existing boilers are
less than 50% loaded 91% time. The proposed 399-
MBH condensing boiler can deliver efficiencies of up to 98% and offer an 8:1 turndown ratio for energy efficient operation at low part-loads while providing both
reliability and redundancy in a single package.
Condensing boilers, when operating in condensing
mode, can recover latent heat which improves the
efficiency to up to 98%. Condensing mode is achieved
when the temperature of the return water is below the
dew point of the water vapor in the flue gas. The boiler has an independent modular design and provides
multiple boiler redundancy in a single installation. The specified 300-MBH boiler has two thermal modules
each at approximately 200-MBH each. As previously
mentioned, the existing boilers are loaded ≤50% most
of the time which corresponds to a heat load of ≤150-
MBH. As a result, a single thermal module is can heat the facility 91% of the time while the second module is reserved for standby.
3.1.6.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The two boilers identified in Table 51 are recommended to be replaced as part of this boiler replacement EEM.
T able 51 | Bo il ers Identified for Replacement
E quipment
ID Manufacturer Model Serial I nput
( MBH)
Out put
(MBH)
N a me plate
E fficiency (%)
B1 Slant/Fin GG-300E 556391 300 240 80%
B2 Slant/Fin GG-300E 300 240 80%
T o tal 2 600 480 80%
Figure 112 | Replacing the two 30 -year old, 300-MBH boilers a t C ity Hall Annex can improve energy efficiency and reduce the City’s natural gas usage.
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3.1.6.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
Existing boiler nameplate efficiency of 80% has been de-rated by 10% Recommended boiler efficiencies and turndown ratio is based on AERCO AM 399 condensing boiler
3.1.7 EEM 3.7 City Hall Annex Replace Packaged Units with Heat Pumps Replacing the five packaged AC units with high efficiency heat pumps will assist the City in removing gas-fired equipment at the City Hall Annex to support their electrification and decarbonization goals.
T able 52 | City Hall Annex Packaged Unit Replacement Savings Details EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
C osts ($)
Sim ple
P ay back
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
City Hall Annex -
Packaged RTUs
to HPs
-7,960 0 135 -14 -$1,088 $0 $144 $1,248 $304 $57,350 188.5
3.1.7.1 Background and Existing Conditions
Heating and Cooling for space comfort at the City Hall Annex is supplied by various HVAC system s. A hydronic system comprising of two boilers and an air-cooled chiller produce HW and CHW respectively for the 4-pipe FCUs and MZ AHU that serve a portion of the facility. Seven additional unitary HVAC systems serve the remaining areas.
Two of the units are computer room air conditioning (CRAC) units that cool the server room while the remaining five packaged AC units condition various offices areas. These packaged AC units have DX cooling and gas-fired heating were replaced in 2015. Based on the 15-year ASHRAE life expectancy of a packaged AC, these six-year- old units have approximately nine years remaining on their expected service life. The nameplate capacity of the units ranges from 2.5-Tons to 4-Tons (See Table 32 for details). Furthermore, these AC units operate using R- 410A, a refrigerant that is more environmentally friendly compared to R-22 which is commonly used throughout the City facilities. Replacement of the units on a like-for-like basis is not necessary, however, replacing the units with new high efficiency packaged heat pumps will support the City’s electrification and decarbonization goals.
3.1.7.2 EEM Description and Benefits
Replacing the five existing packaged AC units with high efficienc y heat pumps will support the City’s overall electrification and decarbonization goals by removing gas-fired equipment at City Hall Annex. Unfortunately, the cost of electricity greatly outweighs the cost of natural gas and without a clean renewable source of electrical energy, replacing the existing units with high efficiency air source heat pumps will result in an increase in electrical costs.
An air source heat pump is an air conditioning system that moves heat from one place to another to perform both heating and cooling functions. In cooling mode, the heat pump operates like a traditional AC unit and absorbs heat from the interior space and releases it to the ambient through the condenser. During heating mode, the cycle is reversed, absorbing heat from the outside air and transferring it to the indoor space. As a result, utilizing a heat pump for space heating will reduce the City’s carbon emissions by eliminating the combustion process that is used in gas-fired furnaces to generate heat. As heat pumps do not require a combustion fuel source, this EEM, in City of Santa Rosa
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conjunction with EEM 3.5, will reduce the City reliance on natural gas to heat the City Hall Annex and support decarbonization goals. The cooling and heating efficiency of the proposed units are upwards of 11.7 EER and 3.4 COP respectively, however, the units in which they will replace are new, thus negating some of the efficiency gain.
3.1.7.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The following table represents the packaged AC units identified for replacement at City Hall Annex:
T able 53 | Packaged AC Units Identified for Replacement E qu ipment
ID M a n u facturer Model Serial Year C o oling
C a pac ity (Tons)
H eating Input
(MBH)
ANX 01 Carrier 48LCE005A2A5A0A5 1515C85477 2015 4.0 60 ANX 02 Carrier 48VGNB3006030TP 1215C04515 2015 2.5 60 ANX 04 Carrier 48XPN042060311 5005G41134 2005 4.0 60 ANX 05 Carrier 48VGNB3006030TP 1215C04517 2015 2.5 60 ANX 06 Carrier 48VGNB3006030TP 1215C04523 2015 2.5 60 T o tal 5 16 300
3.1.7.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
The existing packaged AC units have a cooling and heating efficiency of 10.2 EER and 80% respectively.
3.1.8 EEM 4.1 MSCN Packaged Unit Replacement and HVAC Upgrades Replacing the four packaged AC systems at the Garage and Transit Operation Building will improve the energy efficiency at MSCN and reduce the City of Santa Rosa’s energy usage and maintenance costs. The replacement will also aid the City in transitioning from R-22, an ozone depleting hydrochlorofluorocarbon based refrigerant, to a more environmentally friendly equivalent. In addition to the unit replacement, the air distribution system at the Transit Operation Building will be converted to a true VAV system by eliminating the return air bypass damper.
T able 54 | MSCN Packaged Unit Replacement and HVAC Upgrades Savings Detail Energy Savings Cost Savings
Total
Installed
Costs ($)
Simple
Paybac k
(Years)
EEM
Description
Electrical
Usage
(kWh)
Electrical
Demand
(kW)
Natural
Gas
(Therms)
Total
Energy
Savings
(MMBTU)
Electrical
Usage
Cost
Savings
($)
Electrical
Demand
Cost
Savings
($)
Natural
Gas
Cost
Savings
($)
O&M
Cost
Savings
($)
Total
Cost
Savings
($)
Packaged Unit
Replacement
and HVAC
Upgrades
34,077 6 30 119 $4,668 $2,093 $32 $2,942 $9,735 $233,375 24.0
3.1.8.1 Background and Existing Conditions
The MSCN complex is comprised of nine separate buildings and structures. The Administration, Laboratory and Shop buildin gs are primarily conditioned by centralized hydronic systems, whereas the Transit Operation Building and the Garage are served by unitary systems.
3.1.8.1.1 Garage
Most of the garage areas, such as the vehicle maintenance and storage bays, are heated with gas-fired infrared heaters. The first-floor offices and mezzanine level conference rooms and break rooms are served by two DX City of Santa Rosa
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AECOM 119
cooled packaged rooftop units with natural gas heat. The two units are over 20 years old and are at the end of their effective service life. The units operate using R-22, a hydrochlorofluorocarbon based refrigerant that is currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol. The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty designed to project the ozone layer by phasing out ozone depleting substances. The protocol has currently limited production of R-22 as of 2015 and has issued an end to refrigerant production in 2030. Replacing the antiquated units will reduce energy usage and associated energy costs. Furthermore, the new units will operate using readily available environmentally refrigerants that will aid in the reduction of City maintenance costs and reduce contribution to ozone depletion and global warming respectively.
3.1.8.1.2 Transit Operation Building
The Transit Operation Building is conditioned by two 20-ton packaged rooftop units with natural gas heat. These units are connected to a bypass VAV distribution system that modulates airflow based on the heating and cooling demands of the connected zones. Although the airflow to the zones are modulated by the VAV boxes, a constant volume of air is continuously supplied by the units and a bypass damper is used to return excess supply air back to the unit to regulate static pressure. As a result, the units operate at constant volume regardless of the actual space requirements. This system can be easily converted to a true VAV system that will reduce the City’s electrical usage and associated energy costs. The two units are 15 years old, operate with R-22 refrigerant and are nearing the end of their effective service life, therefore a replacement is recommended along with the simple modifications of the distribution system.
3.1.8.2 EEM Description and Benefits
The proposed solutions detailed in this EEM both involve the replacement of the existing packaged systems . A like-for-like replacement is recommended at the garage, whereas a modification of the air distribution at the Transit Operation Building will require a new unit with different specifications.
3.1.8.2.1 Garage
Replacing the two 4-ton AC units with high efficiency equivalent units at the Garage will improve the energy efficiency at MSCN and reduce both the City’s electrical and natural gas consumption and assoc iated energy costs. The new units will operate with a cooling efficiency of approximately 12 EER and a heating efficiency of 80%. The new units will operate with R-410A refrigerant which is readily available compared to R-22 which is currently being phased out, as a result, the City will reduce routine maintenance costs.
3.1.8.2.2 Transit Operation Building
The two 20-ton AC units at the Transit Operation will be replaced with a high efficiency packaged VAV units. T hese units will have factory installed VFDs on the supply fans that will match the cooling capacity stages of the units and the zone conditions for optimum comfort and energy efficient operation. The bypass damper installed downstream of the AC units will be removed to convert the system true VAV operation.
This will allow the new packaged unit to vary the amount of conditioned air that is delivered to the space based on real-time cooling and heating demands. For example, when a space requires cooling, the zone damper will open and the supply fan on the unit will speed up to deliver the exact amount of air required to meet the cooling demand. When the space temperature requirements are met, the one damper will modulate shut and the supply fan will slow down to maintain the set pressure in the duct. A dual maximum control strategy will be used when the system is in heating mode and the operation will be the same as cooling mode, with the zone damper opening to a set maximum and air flow modulation as required by the space heating demands. The ability to efficiently operate the system at non-design conditions will reduce electrical and natural gas usage and energy related costs for the City as HVAC systems typically operate partially loaded.
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 120
3.1.8.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The following packaged units at MSCN are identified for replacement as part of this EEM:
T able 55 | Packaged Units at MSCN Identified for Replacement E qu ipment ID Ma nufacturer Model Serial Year C o oling C a pac ity (Tons)
H ea ting
I nput (MBH) N o tes
TOB-01 (RTU-01) Carrier 48HGK024
QC-611AR
0605G200
13 2005 20 250
TOB-02 (RTU-02) Carrier F10p-300 -
--611GA
0605U104
32 2005 20 250
MSCN 04
(GARAGE) Carrier 48HJE004 -
--531
319962028
4 1999 3 72
MSCN 05
(GARAGE) Carrier 48HJD005
---531
359502108
8 1995 4 72
T o tal 4 - - - 47 644 -
Figure 113 and Figure 114 depict the bypass VAV box currently used in the air distribution system to regulate d uct pressure. The existing VAV box and bypass branch shall be removed.
Figure 113 | Bypass on T OB=01 Unit to be eliminated
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 121
Figure 114 | Bypass on TOB -02 Unit to be eliminated
3.1.8.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
The packaged ACs at operate from 5 AM to 10 PM Monday through Sunday The packaged ACs have cooling and heating efficiency of 10 EER and 75% respectively. The cooling and heating setpoints are 72⁰F and 70⁰F respectively
3.1.9 EEM 4.3 MSCN Chiller Replacement
Replacing the two chillers at MSCN with new high efficiency chillers of similar capacity will improve cooling efficiency and reduce the City’s electrical usage and associated costs. The new chillers will operate using R-410A, a chlorine-free refrigerant with lower global warming and ozone depletion potential compared to R-22 and will assist the City in reducing maintenance costs associated with servicing the old R-22 units.
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 122
T able 56 | MSCN Chiller Replacement Unit Replacement Savings Details EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cos ts ($)
Sim ple
P ay back
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
MSCN Chiller
Replacement
4,754 1 0 16 $661 $1,082 $0 $1,402 $3,146 $149,070 47.4
3.1.9.1 Background and Existing Conditions
The MSCN complex is comprised of nine separate buildings and structures. The Transit Operation Building, Warehouse and Garage are served by unitary systems while the Administration, Laboratory and Shop buildings are primarily conditioned by centralized hydronic systems. The remaining three buildings and structures are unconditioned.
There are two separate hydronic loops. The larger loop the serves portions of the Shops along with the Administration and Laboratory. The other loop only serves offices located withing the Shop Building. CHW for each loop is produ ced by air-cooled chillers. A 25-Ton air-cooled chiller serves the large loop while a 15-Ton unit serves the smaller loop and are approximately 13 and 19 years old respectively. The units are at or nearing the end of their effective service life and should be replaced. The units operate using R-22, a hydrochlorofluorocarbon based refrigerant that is currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol. The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty designed to project the ozone layer by phasing out ozone depleting substances. The protocol has currently limited production of R-22 as of 2015 and has issued an end to refrigerant production in 2030.
Replacing the chillers will reduce energy usage and associated energy costs. Furthermore, the new units will operate using readily available environmentally refrigerants that will aid in the reduction of City maintenance costs and reduce contribution to ozone depletion and global warming respectively.
3.1.9.2 EEM Description and Benefits
Replacing the two chillers at MSCN with new high efficiency chiller will improve cooling efficiency and reduce the City’s electrical usage and associated costs. The new chillers will operate at a full load efficiency upward of 1.15. kW/Ton. As this replacement will be a like-for-like replacement. This will improve the cooling efficiency of approximately 10% as the units will be sim ilar size and configuration. The new chillers will operate using R-410A, a chlorine-free refrigerant with lower global warming and ozone depletion potential compared to R-22. In addition to reduce electrical consumption, replacing the old will assist the City in reducing maintenance costs associated with servicing the old R-22 units.
3.1.9.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The chillers identified in Table 57 will be replac ed with units of equal cooling capacity:
T able 57 | Chiller at MSCN Identified for Replacement
E qu ipment
ID M a n u facturer Model Serial Year
C o oling
C a pac ity
( T ons)
Refrig era nt
Type
MSCN-01 Carrier 30RANO25 -S-
613DT 0208QO4156 2008 25 R-22
MSCN 02 Carrier 30RA-900 ---001 0302 -00001 2002 15 R-22 T o tal 2 40
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3.1.9.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
The existing chillers operate with a full load efficiency of approximately 1.31 kW/ton which is a 5% de-rate off the nameplate value.
The FCUs tied to the chiller operate from 5 AM to 10 PM Monday through Sunday and have a cooling setpoint of 72⁰F
3.1.10 EEM 4.4 MSCN Boiler Replacement
The City can reduce natural gas usage and associated energy costs at MSCN by replacing the boilers located at the Shop building with two new 1,000-MBH high efficiency condensing boilers. In addition, the replacement will address deferred maintenance issues on the 20-year-old equipment. The proposed boilers have a modular design comprised of four thermal modules. Even though they are single unit, the four-module design each operates as independent thermal sections that can provide heating redundancy and increase the City’s resiliency.
T able 58 | MSCN Boiler Replacement Unit Replacement Savings Details Energy Savings Cost Savings
Total
Installed
Cost ($)
Simple
Payback
(Yrs)
Electrical
Usage
(kWh)
Electrical
Demand
(kW)
Water
(kGal)
Electrical
Usage Cost
Savings ($)
Electrical
Demand
Cost
Savings ($)
Water
Cost
Savings
($)
O&M
Cost
Savings
($)
Total
Cost
Savings
($)
263,417 18 0 $47,415 $5,008 $0 $1,745 $54,169 $1,754,070 32.4
3.1.10.1 Background and Existing Conditions
There are various types of HVAC systems at MSCN that provide heating and cooling to the different buildings throughout the site. The Administration/Laboratory building and the Shops each have hydronic systems with 4- pipe fan coil units in the spaces and boiler and chillers in the mechanical rooms and mechanical yards respectively. There are two separate hydronic loops at MSCN.
Loop 1 serves the Administration/Laboratory buildings and the north-west side of the Shop Building. The hot water for this larger loop is supplied by a single 1,010-MBH boiler with a nameplate efficiency of 81%. This boiler is approximately 20 years old.
Loop 2 Serves the south-east areas of the Shop Building. The smaller of the two hot water loops is served by a single 900-MBH boiler. This boiler is 35 years old and an ideal candidate for replacement due to its age. The unit has a nameplate efficiency of 80%, however, based on its age and minim al turndown ability it likely operates at a significantly lower efficiency.
Both boilers are inefficient compared to modern high efficiency units and the City can benefit by replacing the units with condensing boilers. The new boilers will improve the facilities energy efficiency and that will reduce The City’s natural gas usage and associated energy costs at MSCN. Furthermore, each hot water loop only has a single boiler with no redundancy. The recommended replacement would assist the City in increasing facility resiliency in addition to reducing energy consumption.
3.1.10.2 EEM Description and Benefits
AECOM recommends replacing the Loop 1 and Loop 2 boilers with new 1,000-MBH condensing boilers. The proposed condensing boiler can deliver efficiencies of up to 98% and offer a 20:1 turndown ratio for energy efficient operation at low part-loads while providing both reliability and redundancy in a single pac kage. Prelim inar y City of Santa Rosa
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AECOM 124
analysis indicates that each boiler is lightly loaded. Furthermore, the boilers are operating at less than 50% of the max capacity a most of the time.
Condensing boilers, when operating in condensing mode, can recover latent heat which improves the efficiency to up to 98%. Condensing mode is achieved when the temperature of the return water is below the dew point of the water vapor in the flue gas. The boiler has an independent modular design and provides multiple boiler red undancy in a single installation. The specified 1,000-MBH boilers each have four thermal modules each at approximately 250-MBH each. As previously mentioned, the existing boilers are loaded ≤50% most of the time which corresponds to a heat load of ≤490-MBH. As a result, two thermal modules on each boiler can heat the facility over 95% of the time while the remaining modules are reserved for standby.
3.1.10.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The two boilers identified in Table 59 are recommended to be replaced as part of the EEM.
T able 59 | Boiler Identified for Replacement at MSCN
E quipment ID Manufacturer Model Serial I nput
(MBH)
Ou t put
(MBH)
N a me plat
e %
B1 (Loop 1) LAARS PH 1010 IN
09 L 1 A C LC
C01F042
70 1010 818 81%
B2 (Loop 2) BRYAN CL-90W-GI 63199 900 720 80%
T o tal 2 1910 1538 81%
3.1.10.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
Nameplate efficiency of boiler B1 that serves loop 1 has been de-rated by 7% for a full load efficiency of 75% Nameplate efficiency of boiler B2that serves loop 2 has been de-rated by 12% for a full load efficiency of 70% The FCUs tied to the boilers operate from 5 AM to 10 PM Monday through Sunday and have a heating setpoint of 70⁰F
3.1.11 EEM 5.1 Public Safety Building Chiller Plant Upgrades Replacing the 125-Ton CHW system at PSB with a new high efficiency system with heat recovery will improve cooling efficiency and reduce the City’s electrical and natural gas usage and associated energy costs.
Furthermore, the proposed system will include an additional chiller, increasing cooling reliability and facility resiliency. The new CHW system consists of two new 150-Ton Chillers, three new 5-HP variable speed CHW pumps, a new cooling tower and two new 7.5-HP CW pumps. The new chillers will operate using chlorine-free refrigerant R-134a, which has a lower global warming and ozone depletion potential compared to R-22.
T able 60 | P SB Chiller P lant Upgrades Savings D etails EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ayback
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Chiller Plant
Upgrades
97,476 7 1,763 509 $13,319 $4,676 $1,877 $5,496 $25,367 $991,866 39.1
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 125
3.1.11.1 Background and Existing Conditions
The existing chiller plant is in mechanical building north west of the main facility. The CHW system consists of a single 125-Ton, water-cooled screw chiller that operates using R-22 refrigerant. R-22 is a hydrochlorofluorocarbon based refrigerant that is currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol. The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out ozone depleting substances. The protocol has currently limited production of R-22 as of 2015 and has issued an end to refrigerant production in 2030. The main chiller is approximately 24 years old and is at the end of its effective service life.
There is an additional 65-To n, wa ter-cooled reciprocating chiller located in the same chiller room, however this unit is inoperable. As there is only one operable chiller, most of the facility would not have cooling capabilities should the unit fail. CHW is supplied to the AHUs located the roof by a primary pumping system consisting of three constant volume 3-HP CHW pumps. Eac h pump is rated for 150-GPM and 45-Ft of flow and head respectively.
Two CHW pumps are required to operate the chiller at full load, with the third used as back-up. Condenser Water (CW) is cooled by one, 2,750-MBH forced-draft cooling tower. The 20-HP tower fan is equipped with a VFD. The CW is distributed by two, constant volume 7.5-HP pumps rated for 550-GPM and 35-Ft of flow and head respectively.
3.1.11.2 EEM Description and Benefits
Replacing the existing 125-Ton cooling system with a new high efficiency 300-Ton CHW plant with heat recovery that will improve cooling efficiency and reduce the City’s electrical and natural gas usage and associated costs.
The new plant will consist of two 150-Ton chillers rated at a full load efficienc y of 0.6537 kW/Ton. This will improve the cooling efficiency of over 22% compared to the 0.833 kW/Ton nameplate of the efficiency of the existing chiller. The inoperable chiller will be removed, disposed of, and replaced with a second 150-Ton chiller to provide cooling redundancy and improve the facility resiliency. The new chillers will operate using R-134a, a chlorine-free refrigerant with lower global warming and ozone depletion potential compared to R-22. The new chillers will be equipped with a desuperheater to recover heat from the refrigerant and supplement the heating hot water. The heat recovery system will be capable of preheating the HHW to up to 140⁰F, thus reducing the load on the boiler system and reducing natural gas usage and associated energy costs. Due to the upsize in cooling capacity, the CHW pumping equipment will require replacement. The CW system has already been upsized by a previous renovation project; therefore, the existing size of the CW system components are adequate and do not have to be significantly modified to serve the upsized chiller system.
A new variable primary CHW pum ping system will replace the existing constant volume system. Three new 5-HP pump assemblies each equipped with VFDs will provide dynamic variable flow CHW distribu tion. During normal operation, the facility’s cooling load will vary throughout the day as the outdoor temperature, the building occupancy, and the building activity levels within the spaces change. Constant volume hydronic cooling systems are unable to adapt to these changing loads and are sized to provide flows corresponding to the maximum or design requirements. The new variable primary system will be able to efficiently compensate for part load, off- design conditions and reduce electrical pumping energy and operating costs.
A new condensing water system will also be provided as the existing cooling tower is approximately 19 years old at the end of its effective service life. Although it would be ideal to install two cooling towers for redundancy, there is not enough space in the mechanical room. Based on the mechanical schedules and the nameplate of the cooling tower and CW pumping equipment, the existing system is sized to provide 2,750-MBH of CW cooling which is adequate to cool the new 150-Ton chiller. As a result, the new equipment will be equivalent sizing.
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 126
3.1.11.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
A new 300-Ton chiller plant is recommended at the PSB building that consists of the following equipment:
Two (2) 150-Ton, water-cooled chillers with heat recovery capability of up to 140⁰F water Three (3) 5-HP CHW Pumps with VFDs (360-GPM, 45-Ft)
One (1) 2,750-MBH forced-draft cooling tower with 20-HP variable speed fan Two (2) 7.5 CW Pumps with VFDs (450-GPM, 35-Ft)
New direct digital control system that controls and monitors the following points as described in tables Table 61 through Table 63.
T a ble 61 | Recommended Contr ol Points for a Water-Cooled C hiller P o int Description P o int Type
CHW Supply Temperature Analog In
CHW Return Temperature Analog In
Chiller Enable Digital Out
Chiller Fault Alarm Digital In
CW Supply Temperature Analog In
CW Return Temperature Analog In
CHW Setpoint Analog Out
T o tal Points Per C hiller 7
T a ble 62 | Recommended Contr ol Points for a Cooling Tower with Variable Speed fan P o int Description P o int Type
Fan Start/Stop Digital Out
Fan Status Digital In
VFD Output Analog Out
VFD Fault Alarm Digital In
CW Entering Temperature Analog In
CW Leaving Temperature Analog In
CW Setpoint Analog In
Total Points Per Cooling Tower 7
T a ble 63 | Recommended Contr ol Points for Variable Flow Pumps with VFDs P o int Description P o int Type
Pump - Start/Stop Digital Out
Pump - Status Digital In
VFD Output Analog Out
VFD Fault Digital In
Differential Pressure Analog In
GPM Flow Analog In
T o tal Points Per Pump 6
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3.1.11.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
All AHUs tied to the central plant operate 24/7
Existing chiller has a full load efficienc y of 0.997 kW/Ton CHW Setpoint is assumed to be held constant at 44⁰F
3.1.12 EEM 5.2 Public Safety Building AHU Replacement
By replacing the six AHUs at the Public Safety Building, the City of Santa Rosa can address deferred maintenance on 40-year-old equipm ent while reducing electrical usage, minimizing operational costs and improving space comfort.
T a ble 64 | P SB C hiller P lant Upgrades S avings Details EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ay back
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms )
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
New AHUs 68,475 4 0 234 $9,338 $1,796 $0 $255 $11,389 $764,250 67.1
3.1.12.1 Background and Existing Conditions
Air conditioning to facility is provided by six CHW AHUs located on the roof. Four of the units condition the police station while the remaining two serve the fire department side of the facility. The configuration of each of the six AHUs are similar each having a supply fan, return fan, and a CHW coil controlled by a 3-way valve. The units are approximately 40 years old and are at the end of their effective service life and are opportune candidates for replacement. It was observed that there are VFDs installed on the supply fans of these units, however the return fans operate at constant volume. There is opportunity to improve the air balancing of the system and energy efficiency of the AHUs by installing a new VFD on the return fan, however, due to the age of the units a full replacement is recommended in lieu of a retrofit option.
3.1.12.2 EEM Description and Benefits
Replacing the six AHUs with new Variable Air Volume (VAV) AHUs will reduce energy consumption by providing full variable speed operation on both the supply and return fans. As stated, the existing units have VFDs installed on the supply fans only, while the return fans operate at constant volume. A VFD on the return fan will allow it to track the supply fan to allow for improved control of the air distribution system in addition to electrical reduction during off-design conditions. The new units will also be equipped with fully modu lating economizers to provide free cooling under suitable ambient conditions.
A typical airside economizer compares the dry-bulb temperature of the outside air to the return air temperature of the system. When the outside air temperature is lower than the return air temperature, the economizer introduces a greater percentage of outside air into the building. Excess return air is diverted to the exhaust to maintain proper building pressurization. The cool outside air assists with offsetting the cooling load and in som e cases is cool enough to handle it in its entirety resulting in a reduction in cooling energy and cooling costs.
3.1.12.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
This EEM will replace the AHUs identified in Table 65 with units of sim ilar size and specifications:
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T a ble 65 | AHUs at PSB I dentified for Replacement
Unit ID
Supply Fan Return
Fan
HP
CHW
Flow
GPM
E ntering Air Temperature Leaving Air Temperature
Fan
HP
Flow
CFM
D r y B ulb
⁰F
W et B ulb
⁰F
D r y B ulb
⁰F
W et B ulb
⁰F
AC-01 5 6,825 1.5 45.7 85 66 56 54
AC-02 7.5 9,425 2 66.17 86 66 56 53
AC-03 15 14,975 3 115.23 89 67 56 54
AC-04 15 12,125 5 85.64 86 66 55 53
AC-F1 5 5,600 3 35 81 64 55 54
AC-F2 5 5,600 3 35 81 64 55 54
Each new AHU will consist of VFDs on both the supply and return fans and modulating dampers for full economizer operation. The cooling coils will be capable of delivering leaving air temperatures as detailed in Table
65. For each VAV Box, new DDC will be installed to control and monitor the points detailed in Table 66.
T a ble 66 | Recommended Contr ol Points for AHUs at PSB P o int Description P o int Type
Supply Fan Start/Stop Digital Out
Supply Fan Status Digital In
Supply Fan VFD Output Analog Out
Supply Fan VFD Fault Digital In
Return Fan Start/Stop Digital Out
Return Fan Status Digital In
Return Fan VFD Output Analog Out
Return Fan VFD Fault Digital In
Duct Static Pressure Analog In
Economizer Damper Analog Out
Outside Air Damper Analog Out
Relief/Exhaust Damper Analog Out
Return Air Damper Analog Out
Return Air Temperature Analog In
Mixed Air Temperature Analog In
Low Temperature Sensor Analog In
Chilled Water Valve Analog Out
Discharge Air Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Analog In
Smoke Detector Analog In
Filter Differential Pressure Analog In
T o tal Points Per Unit 21
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3.1.12.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
The AHUs operate 24/7 to condition the entire building. The spaces at PSB are cooled and heated to 71⁰F and 68⁰F respectively.
3.1.13 EEM 5.3 New VAV Units at Public Safety Building
Replacing the 104 VAV terminal units at PSB will reduce the City’s electricity and natural gas usage while improving space comfort throughout the facility. Furthermore, the replacement will alleviate any deferred maintenance associated with the 40-year-old equipment. This EEM includes the replacement of pneumatic VAV controls with DDC that will allow the City to implement various energy conservation control strategies.
T able 67 | PSB New VAV Units Savings Details
EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ay back
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms )
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sa vings ($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sa vings ($)
Natur al
G as C ost
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
New VAV
Units 73,325 6 20,357 2,286 $10,007 $343 $21,670 $4,665 $36,685 $398,950 10.9
3.1.13.1 Background and Existing Conditions
Air conditioning to PSB is provided by six CHW AHUs located on the roof that supply air to the zone level distribution system. Four of the units condition the police station while the remaining two serve the fire department side of the facility. There are approxim ately 104 VAV terminal units with hot water reheat coils dispersed throughout the facility. Based on discussion with City personnel these VAV boxes are approximately 20 to 40 years old and are at the end of their effective service life. Furthermore, the damper and hot water valve actuators are pneumatically controlled.
Pneumatic controls use compressed air as a control mediu m for HVAC equipment and provide basic controls for the HVAC equipment if properly maintained, however, they lack the ability to provide adequate feedback necessary to employ energy conservation control strategies. Replacing the pneumatic controls with direct digital controls can reduce energy consumption and associated costs by allowing the City to implement energy conservation control strategies for the VAV system at PSB.
Existing pneumatics are often observed to be in poor conditions and are characterized by leaking compressed air control lines and inconsistent framework. Availability of replacement and repair equipment also poses an issue with ongoing, routine, maintenance. These factors result in a system that is unresponsive and unreliable leading to ineffective equipment control, space comfort issues increased energy usage, and excessive operating costs. In addition to energy reduction, replacing the pneumatic controls will assist the City in reducing maintenance costs and can improve occupancy comfort at PSB.
3.1.13.2 EEM Description and Benefits
AECOM recommends replacing the 104 VAV boxes with new terminal unit assemblies complete with hot water reheat coils and DDC controls. Replacing the VAV boxes and controls with new equipment will alleviate any deferred maintenance and space comfort issues associated with the existing antiquated units. The new controls included with the replacement will allow the City to employ energy conservation control strategies to reduce City of Santa Rosa
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energy consumption and minimize operational costs. Typical control strategies applicable to the system at PSB are:
U noccupied Temperature Setback: Unoccupied or nighttime temperature setbacks reduce the space temperature setpoint during user defined vacancy period. Although PSB is a 24/7 facility there are spaces which can be setback during night/early morning hours. Furthermore, an occupancy override button will be installed in the space to revert the temperature set points back to occupied settings should the space become occupied during the user defined unoccupied hours. This strategy, in conjunction two additional strategies can reduce the City’s electrical usage, natural gas usage, and associated energy costs by effectively managing the cooling and heating requirements at PSB.
Supply Air Temperature Reset: This temperature reset strategy modulates the supply air temperature based on outside air temperatures, zone cooling/heating demands or a combination of the two. The new controls will provide the required control feedback to effectively enable the supply air temperature strategy without compromising space comfort. This strategy ty pically adjusted the supply air temperature from 55⁰F to 65⁰F depending on the ambient and space conditions to reduce electrical cooling energy and minimize reheat in a VAV system.
Sta tic Pressure Reset: For this pressure reset strategy, the pressure set point is adjusted dynamically so that the it is only as high as needed to meet the airflow requirements of the zone of greatest demand. As a result, electrical fan energy is reduced during part load conditions which will be common in a facility that operates 24/7.
3.1.13.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
This EEM will replace 104 VAV boxes. 60 are located on the first floor of the facility while the remaining 44 are on the second floor. New control will be installed to control and monitor the points for each VAV box as detailed in Table 68.
T a ble 68 | Recommended Contr ol Points for the New VAV Boxes P o int Description P o int Type
Air Flow Damper Position Analog Out
Air Flow Sensor Analog In
Reheat Valve Analog Out
Discharge Air Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Setpoint Analog Out
Occupancy Override Digital In
T o tal Points Per Box 7
3.1.13.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
The AHUs operate 24/7 to condition the entire building The spaces at PSB are cooled and heated to 71⁰F and 68⁰F respectively The supply air temperature is assumed to remain at a constant 55⁰F
3.1.14 EEM 5.5 and 5.6 Unitary Communication AC Unit Upgrades Packaged units approaching end of useful life suffer from reduced efficiency and increased repair and maintenance cost. Through the replacement of existing package units with like newer units results in increased City of Santa Rosa
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energy efficiency, and deferred maintenance and repair costs. Additionally, newer unit utilize more eco-friendly refrigerants such as R-410a as compared to the harmful R-22 found in existing units.
T a ble 69 | P SB Communication AC Units Savings Details EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ay back
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
PSB - New
Comm CHW
Units
-23,208 -1 0 -79 -$3,166 -$430 $0 $729 -$2,868 $135,000 -47.1 PSB - New
Comm
Center
Packaged
Units
296 0 0 1 $41 $13 $0 $486 $540 $43,984 81.4
3.1.14.1 Background and Existing Conditions
Heating and Air Conditioning for the Public Safety Building is provided prim arily by a hydronic heating and system located in the mechanical building north of the main facility. The heating and cooling mediums are produced by two boilers and a single chiller respectively. CHW is distributed to VAV AHUs on the roof while HHW is used to provided reheat at the zone-level. There are two packaged AC units that serve the communication/dispatch area at the facility. These units are 6-Ton each and are equipped with gas-fired heat. The units are approximately 13 years old and are nearing the end of their effective service life. Although there are minimal energy savings associated with this EEM, replacement should be considered as the AC units service as mission critical area within the facility. The units operate using R-22, a hydrochlorofluorocarbon based refrigerant that is currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol.
3.1.14.2 EEM Description and Benefits
There are two options that the City should consider when replacing the Communication/Dispatch Area packaged AC Units. Option 1 will replace the packaged units with CHW AHUs so that equipment is standardized throughout the Public Safety Building. Option 2 will replace the units with new packaged AC units on like-for-like basis.
3.1.14.2.1 Option 1: Convert Packaged AC Systems to CHW AECOM recommends that the two packaged AC units be replaced with CHW AHUs with a gas-fired heating section. The CHW header is already present on the roof, therefore pipin g modifications will be minim al. This measure takes into account the increased cooling capacity associated with the new chiller plant recommended in EEM 5.1. As a result, the detailed savings show an increased energy usage as the proposed variable speed pump will be required to provide more flow to handle the increased cooling demand associated with the two new units.
The cost savings for this EEM result from the reduction of routine maintenance cost from transitioning the packaged AC units to CHW.
3.1.14.2.2 Option 2: Like-for-Like Replacement
Replacing the existing AC units with high efficiency equivalent units will improve the energy efficiency at the Public Safety Building and reduce the City’s electrical gas consumption and associated energy costs. The new units will operate with a cooling efficiency of approximately 12 EER and a heating efficienc y of 80%. In addition, new units will operate with R-410A refrigerant which is readily available com pared to R-22 which is currently being phased out, as a result, the City will reduce routine maintenance costs.
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3.1.14.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The two packaged AC units identified for replacement as part of this EEM are detailed in Table 70 T a ble 70 | Packaged Units Identified for Replacem ent Equ ipment
ID Manufacturer Model Serial Year C o oling
Capacity (Tons)
H ea ting
I nput (MBH)
PSB 6 Carrier 48HJD007 ---651 3308G50322 2008 6 72
PSB 7 Carrier 48HJD007 ---651 3308G50322 2008 6 72
T o tal 2 12 144
3.1.14.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
The packaged AC units operate with cooling efficiency of 9 EER based on age and condition The units operate 24/7 to serve the dispatch and communication areas of PSB
3.1.15 EEM 6.1 MSCS Package Unit Replacement
Replacing the three antiquated pac kaged AC systems will improve the energy efficiency at MSCS and reduce the City of Santa Rosa’s energy usage and maintenance costs. In addition, the new AC systems will aid in transitioning from the City’s reliance on R-22 to a refrigerant that is both readily available and more environmentally friendly.
T a ble 71 | MS CN P ackaged Unit R eplacement S avings Details EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ayback
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Package Unit
Replacement 43,253 0 3,625 510 $11,987 $0 $3,859 $1,290 $17,135 $425,698 24.8
3.1.15.1 Background and Existing Conditions
There are three packaged rooftop units on the roof of MSCS. One of the units is a 6-Ton single-zone unit with DX cooling and gas-fired heating. Based on the serial number, this unit is approximately 15 years old. The two additional units are cooling only rooftop units with a nameplate capacity of 40-Tons each. These units serve the entire building with one dedicated to the north half and the other dedicated to the south half. Two additional 270- MBH heating and ventilation (HV) units provide heating to these areas. The cooling only and HV units are separately ducted to the space creating a dual ducted system. The hot and cold ducts terminate at a dual du ct mixing box at the perimeter zones. The core zones are cooled only with space temperature regulated by a VAV box. The cooling only units are approximately 35 years old and at the end of their effective service life.
All the units at MSCS operate using R-22, a hydrochlorofluorocarbon based refrigerant that is currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol; an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out ozone depleting substances. Production of R-22 is lim ited and is scheduled to cease in 2030 as a result of the Montreal Protocol. By replacing the existing packaged AC units, the City can reduce maintenance cost and minimize their contribution to ozone depletion and global warmin g.
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3.1.15.2 EEM Description and Benefits
Replacing the existing AC units with high efficiency equivalent units will improve the energy efficiency at MSCN and reduce the City’s electrical and natural gas consumption and associated energy costs. The large 40-Ton uni ts will operate with a cooling efficiency of approximately 11 EER while the smaller 6-Ton unit will have a cooling efficiency of 13 EER. All the units will have a heating efficiency of 80% and operate with R-410A, a refrigerant which is readily available compared to R-22 which is currently being phased out. As a result, of the refrigerant being available, the City will reduce routine maintenance costs by transitioning from R-22.
3.1.15.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The following table represents the packaged AC units identified for replacement at MSCN.
T a ble 72 | Packaged AC Units Identified for Replacement at MSCS E quipment
ID Manufacturer Model Serial Year C o oling
Capacity (Tons)
H ea ting
I nput (MBH)
MSCS 01 Trane YSC072A3ELAIMC 513100302L 2005 6.0 100 MSCS 02 Trane SXHCC4040C55A55D3A J86L60668 1986 40.0 0 MSCS 03 Trane SXHCC4040C55A55D3A J86L60667 1986 40.0 0 T o tal 3 86 100
3.1.15.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
Existing AC units operate from 7 AM to 7 PM Monday through Friday The existing cooling efficiency of the units are assumed to be 9.6 EER The spaces within the building are cooled and heated to 69⁰F and 70⁰F respectively
3.1.16 EEM 7 Chamber Building Package Unit Replacement
Replacing the antiquated air AC systems will improve the energy efficiency at City Hall and reduce the City of Santa Rosa’s energy usage and maintenance costs. A like-for-like replacement of the six, 20 year old units is recommended to save energy related costs whereas the secondary option to replace all seven of the DX/natural gas equipment with high efficiency heat pumps will assist the City with their decarbonization and electrification goals. Either of the presented options will reduce the City’s overall total energy consumption, however, the price of electricity is currently greater than the price of natural gas. As a result, the like-for-like replacement has more favorable economics. In addition, either replacement option will transition from the City’s reliance on R-22 to a refrigerant that is more environmentally friendly.
T a ble 73 | C hamber B uilding P ackaged Unit R eplacement Savings Details EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ayback
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
DX/Natural
Gas
16,874 0 2,074 265 $4,093 $0 $2,208 $4,134 $10,436 $92,366 8.9 Heat Pumps
-43,235 0 2,923 145 -$2,008 $0 $3,112 $4,134 $5,239 $116,550 22.2 City of Santa Rosa
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3.1.16.1 Background and Existing Conditions
The Chamber Building is conditioned by a total of seven packaged AC systems installed on the roof of the facility.
One of the units is new and was installed in 2015 the remaining six were installed in 1997 and are over 20 years old. These six units are at the end of their effective service life and should be replaced to improve energy efficiency and reduce electrical usage, natural gas consumption and associated energy related costs. Each of the rooftop units are have DX cooling and gas-fired heating with 4-Ton and 74-MBH capacities respectively.
These six packaged AC units operate using R-22, a hydrochlorofluorocarbon based refrigerant that is currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol; an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out ozone depleting substances. Production of R-22 is currently limited and is scheduled to end in 2030 as a result protocol. By replacing the existing packaged AC units, the City can reduce maintenance cost and minimize their contribution to ozone depletion and global warmin g.
3.1.16.2 EEM Description and Benefits
There are two replacement options considered at the Chamber Building: a like-for-like replacement and a replacement using high efficiency air source heat pumps.
3.1.16.2.1 Option 1: Like-for-Like Replacement
Replacing the six existing packaged AC units with high efficiency equivalent units will improve the energy efficiency at the Chamber building and reduce both electrical and natural gas consumption and the City’s associated energy costs. The new units will operate with a cooling efficienc y of approxim ately 12 EER and a heating efficiency of 80%. In addition, the units will operate with R-410A refrigerant which is readily available compared to R-22, which is currently being phased out, as a result, the City will reduce routine maintenance costs.
3.1.16.2.2 Option 2: Replace with High Efficiency Heat Pumps Replacing the existing packaged AC units with high efficiency heat pumps will improve the energy efficiency at City Hall and reduce the City’s overall energy consumption and carbon emissions while supporting the City’s electrification goals. Unfortunately, the cost of electricity greatly outweighs the cost of natural gas and without a clean renewable source of electrical energy, replacing the existing units with high efficiency air source heat pumps will result in an increase in electrical costs.
An air source heat pump is an air conditioning system that moves heat from one place to another to perform both heating and cooling functions. In cooling mode, the heat pump operates like a traditional AC unit and absorbs heat from the interior space and releases it to the ambient through the condenser. During heating mode, the cycle is reversed, absorbing heat from the outside air and transferring it to the indoor space. As a result, utilizing a heat pump for space heating will significantly reduce the City’s carbon emissions by eliminating the combustion process that is used in gas-fired furnaces to generate heat. As heat pumps do not require a combustion fuel source, the Chamber Building will no longer require natural gas for space heating. The cooling efficiency and heating efficiency of the proposed units is 13 EER and 3.5 COP respectively.
3.1.16.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The following table represents the packaged AC units identified for replacement at the Chamber Building:
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T a ble 74 | P ackaged AC Units Identified for Replacement at the Chamber Building E quipment
ID Manufacturer Model Serial Year C o oling
Capacity (Tons)
H ea ting
I nput (MBH)
CB1 Carrier 48TJD006 ---501QE ILLEGIBLE 1997 4.0 74
CB2 Carrier 48TJD006 ---501QE ILLEGIBLE 1997 4.0 74
CB3 Carrier 48TJD006 ---501QE ILLEGIBLE 1997 4.0 74
CB4 Carrier 48TJD006 ---501QE ILLEGIBLE 1997 4.0 74
CB6* Carrier 48TCDA06A2A5A0A0A0 1115C59867 2015 5.0 115 CB5 Carrier 48TJD006 ---501QE 5097G20920 1997 4.0 74
CB7 Carrier 48TJD006 ---501QE ILLEGIBLE 1997 4.0 74
T o tal 7 - - - 29 559
CB6 is new AC unit and should only be replaced should the City choose to electrify the Chamber Building and replace with high efficiency heat pumps.
3.1.16.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
Nameplates for the following units were weathered and illegible: CB1, CB2, CB3, CB4 and CB7. It is assumed that these units are similar to CB5 in both heating and cooling capacities. The packaged AC units operate from 4 AM to 7 PM Monday through Friday The existing packaged AC units have a cooling and heating efficiency of 11 EER and 80% respectively
3.1.17 EEM 8 Finley Park Community Center Package Unit Replacement Replacing all nine packaged AC systems will improve the energy efficiency at Finley Park Community Center and reduce the City of Santa Rosa’s energy usage and maintenance costs. A like-for-like replacement is recommended to save energy related costs whereas the secondary option to replace the DX/natural gas equipment with high efficiency heat pumps will assist the City with their decarbonization and electrification goals.
Either of the presented options will reduce the City’s overall total energy consumption, however, the price of electricity is currently greater than the price of natural gas. As a result, the like-for-like replacement has more favorable economics. In addition, either replacement option will transition from the City’s reliance on R-22 to a refrigerant that is more environmentally friendly.
T a ble 75 | Finley Park Community C enter P ackaged Unit R eplacement S avings D etail EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ayback
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Savings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
DX/Natural
Gas 126,619 0 12,281 1,660 $20,750 $0 $13,073 $7,436 $41,259 $439,840 10.7 Heat Pumps -292,386 0 17,079 710 -$13,292 $0 $18,181 $7,436 $12,325 $555,000 45.0
3.1.17.1 Background and Existing Conditions
Finley Park Community Center is conditioned by 10 units installed on the roof of the facility. One of the units is an HV unit that provides make up air to the Kitchen. The remaining nine units are packaged systems with DX cooling City of Santa Rosa
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and natural gas heating that serve the rest of the facility. The age of the units ranges from 14 to 29 years old and are near or past their effective service life. These units are inefficient compared to modern equivalents. The size of the units ranges from 4-Ton up to 20-Tons. See Table 76 for details regarding cooling capacity, heating capacity and age of the packaged AC systems.
Except for the two newer units, all the packaged AC systems operate with R-22, a hydrochlorofluoroca rbo n b ased refrigerant that is currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol. The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty designed to project the ozone layer by phasing out ozone depleting substances. The protocol has currently limited production of R-22 and is scheduled to stop to refrigerant production in 2030. Replacing the packaged systems units will reduce energy usage and associated energy costs. Furthermore, the new units will operate using readily available environmentally refrigerants that will aid in the reduction of City maintenance costs and reduce contribution to ozone depletion and global warming respectively.
3.1.17.2 EEM Description and Benefits
There are two replacement options considered at Finley Park Community Center: a like-for-like replacement and a replacement using high efficiency air source heat pumps.
3.1.17.2.1 Option 1: Like-for-Like Replacement
Replacing the existing AC units with high efficiency equivalent units will improve the energy efficiency at Finley Park Community Center and reduce the City’s electrical and natural gas consumption and the associated energy costs. The new packaged systems will operate with a cooling efficiency of upwards of 12 EER except for the large 20-Ton units will have an efficiency of 11.5 EER. All the new units will have a heating efficiency of 80% and operate with R-410A refrigerant. In comparison to R-22, R-410A is widely available. As a result, of the refrigerant being available, the City will reduce routine maintenance costs by transitioning away from R-22.
3.1.17.2.2 Option 2: Replace with High Efficiency Heat Pumps Replacing the existing packaged AC units with high efficiency heat pumps will improve the energy efficiency at Finley Park Community Center and reduce the City’s overall energy consumption and carbon emissions while supporting the City’s electrification goals. Unfortunately, the cost of electricity greatly outweighs the cost of natural gas and without a clean renewable source of electrical energy, replacing the existing units with high efficiency air source heat pumps will result in an increase in electrical costs.
An air source heat pump is an air conditioning system that moves heat from one place to another to perform both heating and cooling functions. In cooling mode, the heat pump operates like a traditional AC unit and absorbs heat from the interior space and releases it to the ambient through the condenser. During heating mode, the cycle is reversed, absorbing heat from the outside air and transferring it to the indoor space. As a result, utilizing a heat pump for space heating will significantly reduce the City’s carbon emissions by eliminating the combustion process that is used in gas-fired furnaces to generate heat. As heat pumps do not require a combustion fuel source, Finley Park Community Center will no longer require natural gas for space heating purposes except for gas-fired HV unit that serves the kitchen. The cooling efficiency of the proposed heat pumps are upwards of 12.3 EER except for the large 20-ton units which have a nameplate efficiency of 10.5 EER. All the new heat pumps will have a heating COP of approximately 3.4.
3.1.17.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The following table represents the packaged AC units identified for replacement at Finley Park Community Center.
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T a ble 76 | P ackaged AC Units Identified for Replacement at Finley P ark Community Center E quipment
ID Manufacturer Model Serial Year C o oling
Capacity (Tons)
H ea ting
I nput (MBH)
F1 Trane YCH048C4L0AA G30142580D 1992 4.0 72
F3 Trane YCH060C4LOAA G301426070 1992 5.0 72
F4 Trane YCD090C4LOAA G291425480 1992 7.5 72
F5 Trane YCH120B4LOBA G301436450 1992 10.0 120
F6 Trane YCH241C4LOCA 530100712D 2005 20.0 204
F7 Trane YCD120B4LOBA G301434450 1992 10.0 120
F8 Trane YCH241C4LOCA 416100862D 2004 20.0 204
F9 Carrier 48PGDM12 -A-60 0807G20008 2007 10.0 181
F10 Carrier 48PGDM12 -A-60 0807G20008 2007 10.0 181
T o tal 9 - - - 97 1,226
3.1.17.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
Existing packaged AC units operate from 6 AM to 7 PM Monday through Sunday The existing packaged AC unit operate with a cooling and heating efficiency of 9.5 EER and 82% respectively
3.1.18 EEM 9 Steele Lane Community Center Package Unit Replacement Replacing all eight packaged AC systems will improve the energy efficiency at Steele Lane Community Center and reduce the City of Santa Rosa’s energy usage and maintenance costs. A like-for-like replacement is recommended to save energy related costs whereas the secondary option to replace the DX/natural gas equipment with high efficiency heat pumps will assist the City with their decarbonization and electrification goals.
Either of the presented options will reduce the City’s overall total energy consumption, however, the price of electricity is currently greater than the price of natural gas. As a result, the like-for-like replacement has more favorable economics. In addition, either replacement option will transition from the City’s reliance on R-22 to a refrigerant that is more environmentally friendly.
T a ble 77 | Steele Lane Community Center Packaged Unit Replacement Savings Detail EEM
De scription
En ergy Savings C o s t Savings
T o tal
In stalled
Cost s ( $)
Sim ple
P ay back
(Y e ars)
E lectrical
Usage
(kWh)
E lectrical
D e mand
(kW)
Natur al
Gas
( T h erms)
T o tal
E n ergy
Sav ings
(MMBTU)
E lectrical
Usage
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
E lectrical
D e mand
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
Natur al
Gas
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
O&M
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
T o tal
C o s t
Sav ings
($)
DX/Natural
Gas 7,496 0 2,633 289 $1,836 $0 $2,803 $5,277 $9,915 $153,944 15.5 Heat Pumps -59,660 0 4,174 214 -$11,204 $0 $4,443 $5,277 -$1,484 $194,250 -130.9
3.1.18.1 Background and Existing Conditions
Heating and cooling for Steele Lane Community Center is provided by eight packaged AC units installed on the roof of the facility. The age of the units ranges from 14 to 20 years old and are near or past their effective service life. These units are inefficient compared to modern equivalents and are ideal candidates for replacement to City of Santa Rosa
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improve energy efficiency at Steel Lane Community Center The size of the units ranges from 4-Ton up to 10- Tons. See Table 78 for details regarding cooling capacity, heating capacity and age of the packaged AC systems.
All of the packaged AC systems operate with R-22, a hydrochlorofluorocarbon based refrigerant that is currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol. The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty designed to project the ozone layer by phasing out ozone depleting substances. The protocol has currently limited production of R-22 and is scheduled to stop to refrigerant production in 2030. In addition to reduce energy, the new units will operate using readily available environmentally refrigerants that will aid in the reduction of City maintenance costs and reduce contribution to ozone depletion and global warming respectively.
3.1.18.2 EEM Description and Benefits
There are two replacement options considered at Steele Lane Community Center: a like-for-like replacement and a replacement using high efficiency air source heat pumps.
3.1.18.2.1 Option 1: Like-for-Like Replacement
Replacing the eight existing AC units with high efficiency equivalent units will improve the energy efficiency at Finley Park Community Center and reduce the City’s electrical and natural gas consumption and the associated energy costs. The new packaged systems will operate with a cooling efficiency of upwards of 12 and a heating efficiency of approximately 80%. In addition, the units will operate with R-410A, a refrigerant both widely available and more environmentally friendly compared to R-22. As a result, of the refrigerant being available, the City will reduce routine maintenance costs by transitioning away from R-22.
3.1.18.2.2 Option 2: Replace with High Efficiency Heat Pumps Replacing the eight existing packaged AC units with high efficiency heat pumps will improve the energy efficiency at Steele Lane Community Center and reduce the City’s overall energy consumption and carbon emissions while supporting the City’s electrification goals. Unfortunately, the cost of electricity greatly outweighs the cost of natural gas and without a clean renewable source of electrical energy, replacing the existing units with high efficiency air source heat pumps will result in an increase in electrical costs.
An air source heat pump is an air conditioning system that moves heat from one place to another to perform both heating and cooling functions. In cooling mode, the heat pump operates like a traditional AC unit and absorbs heat from the interior space and releases it to the ambient through the condenser. During heating mode, the cycle is reversed, absorbing heat from the outside air and transferring it to the indoor space. As a result, utilizing a heat pump for space heating will significantly reduce the City’s carbon emissions by eliminating the combustion process that is used in gas-fired furnaces to generate heat. As heat pumps do not require a combustion fuel source, Finley Park Community Center will no longer require natural gas for space heating purposes. The proposed cooling and heating efficiencies of the new heat pumps are upwards of 12.3 EER and 3.4 COP respectively.
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3.1.18.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The following table represents the packaged AC units identified for replacement at Finley Park Community Center T a ble 78 | Packaged AC Units Identified for Replac ement at Steele Community Center E quipment
ID Manufacturer Model Serial Year C o oling
Capacity (Tons)
H ea ting
I nput (MBH)
SL A (1) Carrier 48HJD005 -551NB 27404G20424 2004 4.0 72 SL B (2) Bryant 581BPV048071A K 0203G5008 2003 4.0 72 SL C (3) Carrier 48HJE005 -55NB1 27014G20364 2001 4.0 115 SL D (4) Trane YCX060G1M0AA R105S9X2H 2000 5.0 72
SL E (5) Carrier 48PGDM12 -A-50 4507G10006 2007 10.0 181 SL F (6) Carrier 48HJD012 -551 3799G30630 1999 10.0 180 SL G (7) Bryant 58BPV048071AK 1203G10243 2003 4.0 72 SL H (8) Carrier 48PGDM04 -A_50 4207G10005 2007 3.0 72 T o tal 8 44 836
3.1.18.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
Existing packaged AC units operate from 8 AM to 5 PM Monday through Sunday The existing packaged AC units operate with a cooling and heating efficiency of approximately 11 EER and 82% respectively
3.1.19 EEM 10 Energy Management and Control System
The recommended Energy Management and Control System (EMCS) will provide the City of Santa Rosa enhanced control, automation, monitoring, trending, and reporting capabilities for the HVAC equipment at 10 critical City facilities. The enhanced control and automation features of the system will aid the City in reducing energy usage by allowing implementation of energy conservation control strategies while the monitoring, trending and reporting functionality of the system will provide the City the ability to remotely identify and diagnose HVAC issu es quickly before they significantly compromise energy efficiency or occupant comfort.
T a ble 79 | EEM 10 – Energy Management a nd C ontrol System Savings D etails EEM
Description
Energy Savings Cost Savings
Total
Installed
Costs ($)
Simple
Paybac k
(Years)
Electrical
Usage
(kWh)
Electrical
Demand
(kW)
Natural
Gas
(Therms)
Total
Energy
Savings
(MMBTU)
Electrical
Usage
Cost
Savings
($)
Electrical
Demand
Cost
Savings
($)
Natural
Gas
Cost
Savings
($)
O&M
Cost
Savings
($)
Total
Cost
Savings
($)
Controls at 7
Facilities
121,555 9 2,818 697 $19,379 $2,080 $3,000 $0 $24,459 $1,469,100 60.1
3.1.19.1 Background and Existing Conditions
The City of Santa Rosa currently does not have a centralized EMCS. The previous system was an antiquated Barber Colman system which is no longer supported and is now bypassed. The following six building were connected to old EMCS:
City Hall
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City Hall Annex
Finley Community Center
Maintenance Service Center North
Maintenance Service Center South
Public Safety Building
The HVAC equipment throughout the City is locally controlled using a combination of manual thermostats, programmable thermostats and twist timers. These localized control devices offer lim ited automation capabilities and no ability for City personnel to remotely monitor the equipment. A centralized EMCS will assist the City in reducing energy usage through the implementation of advanced energy conservation control strategies and allow City maintenance staff to remotely monitor the connected equipment.
3.1.19.2 EEM Description and Benefits
The recommended EEM will install a centralized EMCS at the 10 Santa Rosa facilities:
City Hall
City Hall Annex
Chamber Building
Finley Community Center
Finley Senior Center
Finley Swim Center
Maintenance Service Center North
Maintenance Service Center South
Public Safety Building
Sam Jones Hall
The EMCS will provide advanced equipment automation and offer enhanced control and monitoring of the HVAC systems to the City of Santa Rosa. The advanced automation features will facilitate the implementation of energy conservation control strategies to help the City reduce energy usage at the eight previously mentioned facilities.
The system will also provide trending, monitoring and alarming capabilities to aid City personnel to quickly identify and repair problematic equipment. A new graphical interface will include custom-programmed g raphi cs that will serve as a tool for City maintenance personnel to visually monitor equipment and remotely diagnose problems.
Most of the equipment throughout the City of Santa Rosa is at the end of their effective service life, therefore it is recommended that the HVAC equipment be replaced prior to the installation of a new EMCS. Unless specifically stated, the energy savings presented as part of the measures account for increased operating efficiencies. For example, at City Hall, the existing packaged air conditioning units are assumed to have an energy efficiency ratio of
9. The savings for this EEM, assume that the units have been replaced and have an EER ranging from 10 to 12 depending on the size.
Figure 115 : Old Barber Colman
Co ntrol Panel located at MSCS
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3.1.19.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The EMCS will require new components to be installed throughout the eight identified facilities. New HVAC equipment controllers will be installed and connected to a centralized EMCS server. The various levels of controllers are defined as:
Z o ne Level: Existing thermostats will be replaced with new zone temperature sensors. In addition, new outside air temperature sensors and humidity sensors will be installed to monitor outdoor condition s. Air -Side Equipment: New control modules will be installed to enable communication between the EMCS, the zone level sensors and the AHUs/FCUs. New control relays, current transducers, dampers, DDC actuators and sensors will also be installed to allow for complete control and monitoring capabilities of th e air-side equipment.
W a ter-Side Equipment: New control modules will be installed to enable communication between the water-side equipment, the air-side equipment and the EMCS. New temperature sensors, current transducers, DDC actuators and control relays will also be installed to enable proper start/stop and monitoring capabilities.
Table 80 through Table 89 define the points that will be controlled and monitored for each type of equipment.
T a ble 80 | Monitor and Control Points for a Packaged AC Unit w ith DX Cooling and Natural Gas Furnace P o int Description P o int Type
Supply Fan Start/Stop Digital Out
Supply Fan Status Digital In
Economizer Air Damper Analog Out
Outside Air Damper Position Analog Out
Low Temperature Sensor Analog In
DX Enable/Disable Digital Out
Heat Enable/Disable Digital Out
Discharge Air Temperature Analog In
Return Air Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Setpoint Analog Out
Mixed Air Temperature Analog In
Smoke Detector Digital In
Filter Differential Pressure Digital In
Occupancy Override Digital In
T o tal Points Per Unit 15
T a ble 81 | Monitor and Control Points for a VAV AHU equipped w ith S upply Fans, Return Fans, and Economizer P o int Description P o int Type
Supply Fan Start/Stop Digital Out
Supply Fan Status Digital In
Supply Fan VFD Output Analog Out
Supply Fan VFD Fault Digital In
Return Fan Start/Stop Digital Out
Return Fan Status Digital In
Return Fan VFD Output Analog Out
Return Fan VFD Fault Digital In
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P o int Description P o int Type
Duct Static Pressure Analog In
Economizer Damper Analog Out
Outside Air Damper Analog Out
Relief/Exhaust Damper Analog Out
Return Air Damper Analog Out
Return Air Temperature Analog In
Mixed Air Temperature Analog In
Low Temperature Sensor Analog In
Chilled Water Valve Analog Out
Discharge Air Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Analog In
Smoke Detector Analog In
Filter Differential Pressure Analog In
T o tal Points Per Unit 21
T a ble 82 | Monitor and Control Points for a VAV Box with Hot Water Reheat P o int Description P o int Type
Air Flow Damper Position Analog Out
Air Flow Sensor Analog In
Reheat Valve Analog Out
Discharge Air Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Setpoint Analog Out
Occupancy Override Digital In
T o tal Points Per Box 7
T a ble 83| Monitor and Control Points for a Standard VAV Box P o int Description P o int Type
Air Flow Damper Position Analog Out
Air Flow Sensor Analog In
Discharge Air Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Analog In
Space Temperature Setpoint Analog In
Occupancy Override Digital In
T o tal Points Per Box 6
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T a ble 84 | Monitor and Control Points for a Water -Cooled Chiller P o int Description P o int Type
CHW Supply Temperature Analog In
CHW Return Temperature Analog In
Chiller Enable Digital Out
Chiller Fault Alarm Digital In
CW Supply Temperature Analog In
CW Return Temperature Analog In
CHW Setpoint Analog Out
T o tal Points Per C hiller 7
T a ble 85 | Monitor and Control Points for a n Air-Cooled Chiller P o int Description P o int Type
CHW Supply Temperature Analog In
CHW Return Temperature Analog In
Chiller Enable Digital Out
Chiller Fault Alarm Digital In
CHW Setpoint Analog Out
T o tal Points Per C hiller 5
T a ble 86 | Monitor and Control Points for Cooling Tower w ith Variable S peed Fan P o int Description P o int Type
Fan Start/Stop Digital Out
Fan Status Digital In
VFD Output Analog Out
VFD Fault Alarm Digital In
CW Entering Temperature Analog In
CW Leaving Temperature Analog In
CW Setpoint Analog In
Total Points Per Cooling Tower 7
T a ble 87 | Monitor and Control Points for a HHW Boiler P o int Description P o int Type
HHW Supply Temperature Analog In
HHW Return Temperature Analog In
Boiler Enable Digital Out
Boiler Fault Alarm Digital In
HHW Setpoint Analog Out
T o tal Points Per Boiler 5
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T a ble 88 | Monitor and Control Points for a C onstant Hydronic P ump P o int Description P o int Type
Pump – Start/Stop Digital Out
Pump – Status Digital In
T o tal Points Per Pump 2
T a ble 89 | Monitor and Control Points for a Variable Flow Hydronic Pump P o int Description P o int Type
Pump – Start/Stop Digital Out
Pump – Status Digital In
VFD Output Analog Out
VFD Fault Digital In
Differential Pressure Analog In
GPM Flow Analog In
T o tal Points Per Pump 6
3.1.19.3.1 City Hall
The following equ ipment at City Hall will be controlled and monitored:
(34) packaged AC units – DX cooling with natural gas heat One (1) air cooled condensing unit associated air handling unit Two (2) Duct Furnaces
3.1.19.3.2 City Hall Annex
The following equipment at City Hall Annex will be controlled and monitored:
One (1) air cooled chiller
Two (2) CHW pumps constant volume
Two (2) HHW boilers
Two (2) HHW pumps constant volume
Two (2) packaged AC Units – DX cooling with natural gas heat Two (2) computer room air conditioning units
3.1.19.3.3 Chamber Building
The following equipment at the Chamber Building will be controlled and monitored
3.1.19.3.4 Finley Community Center
The following equipment at Finley Community Center will be controlled and monitored:
Nine (9) packaged AC units – DX cooling with natural gas heat One (1) make up air unit – gas-fired heat only
3.1.19.3.5 Finley Senior Center
The following equ ipment at Finley Senior Center will be controlled and monitored:
(10) packaged AC units – DX cooling with natural gas heat Eight (8) – split-system heat pumps
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3.1.19.3.6 Finley Swim Center
The following equ ipment at Finley Swim Center will be monitored only:
One (1) Microturbine Combined Heat and Power System
Two (2) Pool Heaters
Two (2) Pool Circulation Pumps
The points identified for remote monitoring for these systems at Finley Swim Center are defined in Table 90a nd Table 91.
T a ble 90 | Monitoring Points for a Microturbine Combi ned Heat a nd Power System P o int Description P o int Type
Building Load Analog In
Microturbine Output Analog In
Microturbine Fuel Input Analog In
Microturbine Efficiency Analog In
Microturbine Status Analog In
Microturbine Voltage Analog In
Microturbine Frequency Analog In
Heat Recovery Loop Supply Temperature Analog In
Heat Recovery Return Temperature Analog In
Heat Recovery Pump Status Digital In
Microturbine Enable Digital Out
Microturbine Disable Digital Out
T o tal Points Per Unit 12
T a ble 91 | Monitoring Points for a Poo l H eating System P o int Description P o int Type
Training Pool Boiler Status Digital In
Training Pool Boiler Pump Status Digital In
Training Pool Circ Pump Status Digital In
Training Pool Return Temperature Analog In
Training Pool HX Supply Temperature Analog In
Training Pool Valve Position Analog In
Recreational Pool Boiler Status Digital In
Recreational Pool Boiler Pump Status Digital In
Recreational Pool Circ Pump Status Digital In
Recreational Pool Return Temperature Analog In
Recreational Pool HX Supply Temperature Analog In
Recreation Pool Valve Position Analog In
Boiler Enable Digital Out
Boiler Disable Digital Out
T o tal Points Per Unit 14
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3.1.19.3.7 Maintenance Service Center North
The following equipment at MSCN will be controlled and monitored:
Admin / Lab / Shops
Two (2) air-cooled chillers
Four (4) CHW pumps – constant volume
Four (4) HHW pumps – constant vo l ume
Fifteen Fan Coil Units – Standard with CHW and HHW coils Two (2) HHW boilers
Transit Operation Building
Two (2) Packaged AC units – DX cooling with natural gas heat (13) VAV boxes – Standard
Garage
Two (2) Packaged AC units – DX cooling with natural gas heat
3.1.19.3.8 Maintenance Service Center South
The following equipment at MSCS will be controlled and monitored:
Two (2) packaged AC units – DX cooling with natural gas heat Two (2) heating and ventilation units – gas-fired
The terminal units at the zone level are not included. This method of du al-duct air distribution should be upgraded prior to any implementation of zone level control.
3.1.19.3.9 Public Safety Building
The following equipment at Public Safety Building will be controlled and monitored:
Two (2) water-cooled chillers
Three (3) CHW pumps – constant volume
One (1) cooling tower with variable speed fan
Two (2) CW pumps – constant volume
Two (2) HHW boilers
Two (2) primary HHW pum ps – constant volume
Two (2) secondary HHW pumps – variable flow
Five (5) VAV CHW AHUs
Two (2) packaged AC units – DX cooling with natural gas heat (101) VAV boxes with HW reheat
3.1.19.3.10 Sam Jones Hall
The following equ ipment at Sam Jones Hall will be controlled and mon itored:
Five (5) Package AC units – DX cooling with natural gas heat One (1) Heating and ventilation unit – Gas-Fired
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3.1.19.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
Savings for this EEM assume that the old equipment has been replaced, therefore the applicable cooling and heating efficiencies used in the analysis are those of a new unit Occupied Cooling and Heating Setpoints are 74⁰F and 68⁰F respectively Unoccupied Cooling and Heating Setpoints are 78⁰F and 60⁰F respectively Occupied and unoccupied time periods match that of the specific building occupancy patterns
3.2 EEMS Requiring Further Investigation
This category of EEMs provide various benefits to the City of Santa Rosa but require additional information that was unavailable during the site walks to responsibly estim ate implemen tation costs, calcu late energy savings and perform an economic analysis.
3.2.1 MSCN Interconnect Shop Boiler Systems
Replacing the two HW boilers at MSCN and two new 1,000 MBH condensing boilers and interconnecting the two separate HW loops into a single virtual loop with assist the City in reducing natural gas costs, minim izing operating costs, and improving facility resiliency.
3.2.1.1 Background and Existing Conditions
There are various types of HVAC systems at MSCN that provide heating and cooling to the different buildings throughout the site. The Administration/Laboratory building and the Shops each have hydronic systems with 4- pipe fan coil units in the spaces and boiler and chillers in the mechanical rooms and mechanical yards respectively. There are two separate hydronic loops at MSCN.
Loop 1 serves the Administration/Laboratory buildings and the north-west side of the Shop Building. The hot water for this larger loop is supplied by a single 1,010 MBH boiler with a nameplate efficiency of 81%. This boiler is approximately 20 years old.
Loop 2 Serves the south-east areas of the Shop Building. The smaller of the two hot water loops is served by a single 900 MBH boiler. This boiler is 35 years old and an ideal candidate for replacement due to its age. The unit has a nameplate efficiency of 80%, however, based on its age and minim al turndown ability it likely operates at a significantly lower efficiency.
Both boilers are inefficient compared to modern high efficiency units and the City can benefit by replacing the units with new condensing boilers and interconnecting the two HW loops so that a single condensing boiler operates to serve the heating loads at the entire shop building and the Administration/Laboratory buildings. The recommended replacement would assist the City in increasing facility resiliency in addition to reducing energy consumption.
3.2.1.2 EEM Description and Benefits
AECOM recommends replacing the boilers with two new 1,000 MBH condensing boilers and interconnecting the two separate HW loops into a single virtual loop. The proposed condensing boilers can deliver efficiencies of up to 98% and offer a 20:1 turndown ratio for energy efficient operation at low part-loads while providing both reliability and redundancy in a single package. Preliminary analysis indicates that each boiler is lightly loaded and operate less than 50% of the max capacity most of the time. The ability of the new boilers to effectively operate at the low City of Santa Rosa
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loads experienced at MSCN result in an improvement in energy efficiency and a reduction of natural gas usage and associated costs.
Condensing boilers, when operating in condensing mode, can recover latent heat which improves the efficiency to up to 98%. Condensing mode is achieved when the temperature of the return water is below the dew point of the water vapor in the flue gas. The boiler has an independent modular design and provides multiple boiler redundancy in a single installation. The specified 1,000 MBH boilers each have four thermal modules each at approximately 250 MBH each. As previously mentioned, the existing boilers are loaded ≤50% most of the time which corresponds to a heat load of ≤490 MBH. As a result, two thermal modules on each boiler can heat the facility over 95% of the time while the remaining modules are reserved for standby. Furthermore, by integrating the two separate HW loops, the City can further enhance the facility’s resiliency by effectively using one boiler to serve the heating loads and the other for backup.
3.2.1.3 Information Required for Further Development
The following information is required to evaluate the effectiveness of this EEM:
The available drawings detailing the HW piping of the of the two loops were limited. Additional investigation will be required to determine necessary points of connections to evaluate mechanical feasibility of this EEM.
3.2.2 Finley Swim Center Replace Heating and Ventilation Unit Replacing the old 200 MBH heating and ventilation unit at the Finley Swim Center can address the City’s deferred maintenance and assist them in providing a reliable and comfortable space for the public in the event of an evacuation-level natural disaster.
3.2.2.1 Background and Existing Conditions
There are two heating and ventilation units on the roof of Finley Swim Center that serve the men’s and women’s shower and locker rooms. One of the 200 MBH units was replaced in 2017. The other appears to be over 15 years old and is at the end of its effective service life and has been identified for replacement. There was no legible nameplate on the old unit, and it is assumed to be of similar capacity as the new one.
3.2.2.2 EEM Description and Benefits
By replacing the old 200 MBH heating and ventilation unit, the City can address deferred maintenance and increase heating reliability for the facility. Although there will be little energy savings associated with this EEM, replacing the heating and ventilation unit will help City better serve the community as they intends to use the Finley Swim Center’s showers in the event of a natural disaster where the Finley Park Community Center is used as an evacuation site.
3.2.2.3 Information Required for Further Development
The following information is required to evaluate the effectiveness of this EEM:
Natural gas utilities were not provided for the Finley Park Swim Center; therefore, a proper economic analysis of the measure could not be performed.
3.2.3 Kitchen Hood Controls
An advanced kitchen hood control system at Finley Park Community Center and Sam Jones Hall can reduce energy usage and associated costs by modulating the exhaust air and make-up air fans based on real-time cooking loads while maintaining a comfortable and safe environment for the occupants.
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3.2.3.1 Background and Existing Conditions
There were two kitchen exhaust hood systems observed during the site walks. One at the Finley Park Community Center and the other at Sam Jones Hall. These systems consist of a kitchen hood in the space and an interlocked exhaust fan and make-up air unit on the roof. The exhaust hood discharges fumes, combustion products, fumes, smoke, heat and particulates from the kitchen while the make-up air unit re-supplies ventilation air that has been exhausted in the process. The make-up air units are equipped with gas furnaces to pre-heat outside air before it is introduced into the space. These kitchen hoods are manually controlled by the occupants and continuously exhaust and supply a constant flow of air regardless of the cooking load. This operation can result in excessing energy consumption and operating costs throughout the year if the kitchen is only used intermittently. An advanced kitchen hood control system can reduce energy usage and associated costs by modulating the exhaust air and make-up air fans based on real-time cooking loads.
3.2.3.2 EEM Description and Benefits
The advanced kitchen hood controls can reduce both electrical and natural gas usage and lower operating costs while maintaining a comfortable and safe environment for the occupants. The proposed kitchen hood controls consist of variable speed drives (VSDs) on the exhaust fans and make-up air units and temperature and optical sensors at the kitchen hood level. The temperature and optical sensors detect smoke, steam and temperature generated from the food preparation equipment and adjusts the fan speed based on these readings. As a result, fan speed for both the exhaust fan and the make-up air modulate based on real-time conditions. During full cooking load, the controls operate at full speed until the smoke and particulates in the air are removed and the detected temperature reaches a defined setpoint. When cooking activity is low and smoke and air particulates are not detected, the fans ramp down to a set minimum speed, reducing the amount of air that is exhausted from the space that will need to be introduced by the make-up air unit. By actively controlling the exhaust system in real- time the City can reduce fan and heating energy while maintaining a comfortable safe environment for the occupants.
3.2.3.3 Information Required for Further Development
The following information is required to evaluate the effectiveness of this EEM:
Finley Park Community Center: During the site walks, the kitchen at Finley Park Community Center was not in use due to COVID-19 pandemic. The City should re-evaluate how this kitchen will be used in the future before this EEM can be recommended. Conditions that warrant an advanced kitchen hood control system include long operating hours of intermittent cooking.
Sam Jones Hall: Because Sam Jones Hall is leased out to an external entity the City does not manage the facility’s utilities services and were not made available during the assessment. As a result, energy reduction and cost savings could not be properly be assessed at this time.
3.3 EEMS Evaluated but not Recommended
The measures presented in this section are capital-intensive measures that have long payback periods due to low savings potential and/or extremely high implementation cost or are not viable due to construction considerations.
3.3.1 City Hall Annex Replace Chiller with Heat Recovery Chiller Replacing the existing 50-Ton air cooled chiller with a heat recovery chiller at the City Hall Annex will improve energy efficiency at the facility and assist the City in reducing natural gas usage and associated energy costs. It was determined that there is not enough hours in which the CHW and HW systems simultaneously operate coupled with the minimal cooling efficiency gain for this EEM to produce economically favorable energy savin gs.
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3.3.1.1 Background and Existing Conditions
Heating and Cooling for space comfort at the City Hall Annex is supplied by various HVAC system s. A hydronic system comprising of two boilers and an air-cooled chiller produce HW and CHW respectively for the 4-pipe FCUs and MZ AHU that serve a portion of the facility. The 50-Ton air-cooled scroll chiller is approxim ately six years old, operates using R-410A refrigerant and is in good condition. A like-for-like replacement is not recommended as the existing chiller is most like operating near nameplate efficiency, however, replacing the unit with a heat recovery chiller assist the City in offsetting natural gas usage and associate costs.
3.3.1.2 EEM Description and Benefits
AECOM recommends replacing the existing 50-Ton air-cooled chiller with a new high efficiency unit with heat recovery. The chiller will be equipped with a desuperheater to recover heat from the refrigerant and supplement the heating hot water. The heat recovery system will be capable of preheating the HHW to up to 140⁰F, thus reducing the load on the boiler system and reducing natural gas usage and associated energy costs.
3.3.1.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
The following chiller at the City Hall Annex is identified for replacement as part of this EEM.
T able 92 | City Hall Annex Chiller Identified for Replacement E qu ipment
ID M a n u facturer Model Serial Year
C o oling
C a pac ity
( T ons)
Refrig era nt
Type
ANX -03 Carrier 30RAPO505KA08F64 2115Q53737 2015 50 R410A
3.3.1.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumption to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
Packaged AC units operate from 8 AM through 10 PM Monday through Sunday Existing Cooling and Heating Setpoints are 72⁰F and 70⁰F respectively The efficiency of the existing chiller is assumed to be 1.26 kW/Ton
3.3.2 PSB – New High Efficiency Central Plant (No Heat Recovery) Replacing the 125-Ton CHW system at PSB with a new high efficiency system will improve cooling efficiency a nd reduce the City’s electrical usage and associated energy costs. Furthermore, the proposed system will include an additional chiller, increasing cooling reliability and facility resiliency. The new CHW system consists of two new 150-Ton Chillers, three new 5-HP variable speed CHW pumps, a new cooling tower and two new 7.5-HP CW pumps. The new chillers will operate using chlorine-free refrigerant R-134a, which has a lower global warming and ozone depletion potential compared to R-22. EEM 5.1 is recommended in lieu of this measure to take advantage of heat recovery technology that will further enhance the energy efficiency at PSB.
3.3.2.1 Background and Existing Conditions
The existing chiller plant is in mechanical building north west of the main facility. The CHW system consists of a single 125-Ton, water-cooled screw chiller that operates using R-22 refrigerant. R-22 is a hydrochlorofluorocarbon based refrigerant that is currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol. The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out ozone depleting substances. The protocol has currently limited production of R-22 as of 2015 and has issued an end to refrigerant production in 2030. The main chiller is approximately 24 years old and is at the end of its effective service life.
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There is an additional 65-To n, wa ter-cooled reciprocating chiller located in the same chiller room, however this unit is inoperable. As there is only one operable chiller, most of the facility would not have cooling capabilities should the unit fail. CHW is supplied to the AHUs located the roof by a primary pumping system consisting of three constant volume 3-HP CHW pumps. Eac h pump is rated for 150-GPM and 45-Ft of flow and head respectively.
Two CHW pumps are required to operate the chiller at full load, with the third used as back-up. CW is cooled by one, 2,750 MBH forced-draft cooling tower. The 20-HP tower fan is equipped with a VFD. The CW is distributed by two, constant volume 7.5-HP pumps rated for 550-GPM and 35-Ft of flow and head respectively.
3.3.2.2 EEM Description and Benefits
Replacing the existing 125-Ton cooling system with a new high efficiency 300-Ton CHW plan t will improve coolin g efficiency and reduce the City’s electrical usage associated operating costs. The new plan t will consist of two 150-Ton chillers rated at a full load efficiency of 0.6537 kW/Ton. This will improve the cooling efficiency of over 22% compared to the 0.833 kW/Ton nameplate of the efficiency of the existing chiller. The inoperable chiller will be removed, disposed of, and replaced with a second 150-Ton chiller to provide cooling redundancy and improve the facility resiliency. The new chillers will operate using R-134a, a chlorine-free refrigerant with lower global warming and ozone depletion potential compared to R-22. Due to the upsize in cooling capacity, the CHW pumping equipment will require replacement. The CW system has already been upsized by a previous renovation project; therefore, the existing size of the CW system components are adequate and do not have to be significantly modified to serve the upsized chiller system.
A new variable primary CHW pum ping system will replace the existing constant volume system. Three new 5-HP pump assemblies each equipped with VFDs will provide dynamic variable flow CHW distribu tion. During normal operation, the facility’s cooling load will vary throughout the day as the outdoor temperature, the building occupancy, and the building activity levels within the spaces change. Constant volume hydronic cooling systems are unable to adapt to these changing loads and are sized to provide flows corresponding to the maximum or design requirements. The new variable primary system will be able to efficiently compensate for part load, off- design conditions and reduce electrical pumping energy and operating costs.
A new condensing water system will also be provided as the existing cooling tower is approximately 19 years old at the end of its effective service life. Although it would be ideal to install two cooling towers for redundancy, there is not enough space in the mechanical room. Based on the mechanical schedules and the nameplate of the cooling tower and CW pumping equipment, the existing system is sized to provide 2,750 MBH of CW cooling which is adequate to cool the new 150-Ton chiller. As a result, the new equipment will be equivalent sizing.
3.3.2.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
A new 300-Ton chiller plant is recommended at the PSB building that consists of the following equipment:
Two (2) 150-Ton, high efficiency water-cooled chillers Three (3) 5-HP CHW Pumps with VFDs (360-GPM, 45-Ft)
One (1) 2,750 MBH forced-draft cooling tower with 20-HP variable speed fan Two (2) 7.5 CW Pumps with VFDs (450-GPM, 35-Ft)
New direct digital control system that controls and monitors the following points as described in table XX through Table XX in section XX.
3.3.2.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumption to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
The AHUs operate 24/7 to condition the entire building.
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The spaces at PSB are cooled and heated to 71⁰F and 68⁰F respectively.
3.3.3 Envelope Upgrades
The identified envelope upgrades require a significant capital investment with very minimal energy savings. Due to the poor economics coupled with the uncertainty of whether the City will occupy the facilities in the near future, these EEMs are not recommended.
3.3.3.1 Background and Existing Conditions
There are several facilities observed during the site walks that either had building envelope components that have failed or opportunity to upgrade the existing envelope. Fi nley Park Community Center – The windows at the main building at Finley Park Community Center are double-paned with a slightly tinted window film installed on the interior. The window film is beginn ing failin g and is delaminating from the window and should be replaced with new Low-e window film. Fi nley Swim Center – The windows at the main building at Finley Swim Center are double-paned with a slightly tinted window film installed on the interior. The window film is failing and is delaminate from the window and should be replaced with new Low-e window film. C i ty Hall – City Hall is equipped with single-pane windows which are original to the building. Replacing these windows with new, low-e double-pane window can help reduce unwanted heat gain and heat loss to and from the condition spaces of the facility.
Ci ty Hall Annex – The City Hall annex is equipped with single-pane windows which are original to the building. Replacing these windows with new, low-e double-pane window can help reduce unwanted heat gain and heat loss to and from the condition spaces of the facility. MSCN – The Shops at MSCN are equipped with single-pane windows that are protruding outward at approximately a 45-degree angle. These windows were observed to be in poor condition and have accumulated dirt and grime due to position that they are angled. The Administration and Laboratory building has a mix of double-pane and single-pane windows. The seals of the double-pane windows have failed, and condensation has formed in between the glass panes.
3.3.3.2 EEM Description and Benefits
W eather Stripping – AECOM recommends replacing the failed weather-stripping throughout the City. The new weather-stripping will create a proper seal between the conditioned interior and the unconditioned exterior and reduce both infiltration and exfiltration. As a result, energy usage and associated costs will be slightly reduced. Furthermore, properly sealed weather-stripping will also help prevent water damage and mold growth by decreasing the amount of moisture that can enter the building. W i ndow Film – Low-e window film can be a cost-effective solution to minimize reduce solar transmittance and minimize unwanted heat transfer to and from the associated space resulting in the reduction of both heating and cooling costs. The proposed window film will be installed on the inside of the existing windows and trimmed to fit each individual pane of glass. Installing the film on the interior extends the life of the product reduces installation cost. The film will be low-e to improve the existing thermal properties. The window film will also protect against harmful Ultraviolet (UV) radiation for both the occupants and building furnishings by blocking 99 percent of the UV rays allowed to pass through the existing windows.
Additional benefits of installing window film are glare reduction and improved building aesthetic. W i ndow Replacement – Many of the City facilities use Single-Pane windows. In comparison to single-pane windows, double-pane windows are more energy efficient. Single-pane windows can account for a both a fair amount of heat loss as well as heat gain (depending on the exterior weather conditions) to and from the interior spaces. Because a single-pane of glass provides only a thin shield to the ambient conditions, the insulating value is minimal. Double-pane windows are constructed using two glass panels set in a single frame. The two panels are separated by a small ½ inch – ¾ inch gap. This void will then be filled with air or a non-toxic gas (Argon) that improves the overall insulation. As a result of the increased insulating City of Santa Rosa
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value, the window’s ability to resist heat flow is greatly improved. In addition, the added insulation can significantly reduce outdoor noise pollution.
3.3.3.3 Equipment Modification and Scope of Work
Where applicable a full replacement of the single-pane windows is recommended. Existing window film should be removed, and the existing window should be thoroughly cleaned prior the installation of any new window film.
Weatherstripping of all window seals and door thresholds shall be inspected. Failed weatherstripping shall be removed and replaced.
3.3.3.4 Assumptions
AECOM has made the following assumptions to develop the energy savings and cost estimates associated with this EEM:
Existing HVAC efficiency is based on nameplate data of the equipment serving the spaces and de-rated based on age.
3.4 Measurement and Verification
Measurement and verification (M&V) is the process of planning measuring, collecting and analyzing data for the purpose of verifying and reporting energy savings resulting from the implementation of an EEM within an individual facility. The process is used whenever energy savings need verification usually within an:
Energy Savings Performance Contract
Energy Efficiency Project
Utility Incentives Program s or Regulated Energy Efficiency Programs Internal Accounting Purposes Required by the Facility Owner Outside of these four scenarios, M&V is a key component of good energy management to ensure that energy consuming building systems upgraded as part of an EEM continually operate per their design intent in support of the persistence of energy savings. Although M&V activities were not required at this time, Table 93 presents the basic framework of an M&V plan so that the City of Santa Rosa can effectively verify energy savings should they implement any of the recommended EEMs.
A measurement and verification (M&V) Plan sets forth key data, calculations, and assumptions which support the measurement and verification of energy savings achieved by the EEMs recommended by AECOM for the City of Santa Rosa.
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3.4.1.1 M&V Approach Summaries
AECOM recommends to measure and verify the energy savings arising from implemented EEMs using required procedures and protocols found in the U.S. Department of Energy’s Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) publication M&V Guidelines: Measurement and Verification for Performance-Based Contracts Version 4.0 and the 2012 International Measurement and Verification Protocol, as published and maintained by the Efficiency Valuation Organization and as published at www.evo-world.org. These documents set forth concepts and methods for determining and reporting energy, water, and operations and maintenance (O&M) savings for performance-based energy projects. The protocols identify four general approaches to verifying energy savings:
Options A, B, C, and D. The choice of the appropriate methodology to use for a specific EEM or group of EEMs is based on many considerations including the complexity of the EEM, available data in the baseline period, the amount of the energy savings expected for the EEM, the level of EEM interaction with other proposed EEMs, the cost of M&V requirements, and many other factors. As previously mentioned, AECOM has the outlined the basic framework of an M&V plan so that the City of Santa Rosa can effectively verify energy savings should they implement any of the recommended EEMs.
3.4.1.1.1 Option A – Retrofit Isolation: Key Parameter Measurement The Option A protocol calls for the use of key energy measurement parameters to determine the baseline and reporting period performance. Option A requires confirmation that the proper equipment components or systems have been installed and are operating correctly and in a way that generates the predicted savings. Direct measurement of at least one parameter is required. Development of specific Option A requirements for individual EEMs are determined during an investment grade audit phase. To determine the appropriate requirements, AECOM conducts surveys and/or inspections, takes spot measurements, collects trending information, develops engineering calculations, and/or determines mutually agreed upon values for certain parameters.
3.4.1.1.2 Option B – Retrofit Isolation: All Parameter Measurement For the Option B verification approach, savings are determined by measurement of the energy use of the EEM- affected system. Measurement frequency and duration can vary from one-time and short-term to continuous metering, depending on the expected variations in system operation and the resulting system savings. Option B M&V involves:
Confirming that each EEM’s equipment/systems were properly installed and commissioned. Installing and calibrating proper metering equipment. Determining an energy savings value using measured meter data taken throughout the agreed-upon measurement period.
There are instances where regression techniques are applied in Option B analysis to characterize the variation of an energy system throughout a year of operation based on load and system performance data collected during an interval of less than a year. This method is used to extrapolate the data to determine annual energy consumption.
3.4.1.1.3 Option C – Whole Building Data Analysis
Option C energy savings verification techniques involve using whole facility energy use data to determine energy savings. Typically, this approach is used for EEMs that are highly interactive; are difficult to measure separately; and are expected to reduce total facility energy use by more than a minimum fraction of the annual use, typically 10 percent.
This M&V approach requires the use of a mathematical model that adjusts facility energy use for routine and non- routine activities taking plac e within the boundaries of the facility that impact energy use. Weather, occu pancy rates, and hours of facility use are examples of these factors. A least-squares regression method is commonly City of Santa Rosa
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applied as the mechanism to account for these factors that affect energy consumption and are not constant over time. Regression modeling is a specific statistical technique appropriate for determining energy savings for this project.
Application of Option C usually requires at least 30 to 60 days of continuous data pre-retrofit and 30 to 60 days of continuous data post- retrofit to ensure the capturing of a wide enough range of operating conditions. Seasonal variation will also be considered if weather is determined to be a significant factor.
There are two approaches to calculating savings:
A baseline model is defined using regression analysis. The independent variables are input, and estimated energy consumption is output. The model results are compared against actual post-installation meter readings to determine savings.
If the regression analysis is not applicable, separate engineering models may be proposed that define pre- installation energy use and post-installation energy use with savings equal to the difference between the two.
3.4.1.1.4 Option D – Calibrated Computer Simulation
Application of Option D involves the use of a building simu lation software product to prepare an energy use model that predicts facility energy before and after the installation of an EEM. The model is built using information from as built drawings, site surveys, and short-term measurement and monitoring of energy use of affected systems. The model is run using baseline year weather data. The output energy consumption from the model is calibrated to the utility history for the chosen baseline. The post installation case is then input into the model. The effects of the proposed ECMs are used to simulate the post installation energy consumption. After installation, the simulation model is updated with actual occupancy and weather data. The energy savings are determined as the difference between the baseline energy consumption and the post installation energy consumption.
T a ble 93 | M&V Plan Outline
EEM EEM Description Description M&V
Option Pre and Post M&V Methodology Description
1 Lighting and Lighting
Controls Upgrades
Retrofit and new fixtures,
LED focused technologies .
Occupancy based lighting
controls
A Pre: sample spot measurements of fixtures comprising
75% of the total lighting connected load and fixture watta g e tables for the remaining fixtures. Monitored hours of
operation
Post: fixture wattage by sample spot measurements and
hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring
2.1 City Hall Packaged Unit
Replacement
Replace 35 Packaged AC
Systems with high
efficiency, like-for-like
units
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
2.2 City Hall Replacement
with Heat Pumps
Replace 35 Packaged AC
Systems with high
efficiency heat pumps
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
3.2 City Hall Annex
Packaged Unit to CHW
Convert five Packaged AC
systems to CHW
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
3.3 City Hall Annex Multi-
Zone Unit to VAV
Convert Constant Volume
Multi-Zone System to VAV
B Pre: Logged hours of operations on AHUs via amperage
loggers. Spot power measurements on supply fans.
Post: Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning documents. Monitoring of VFD output
and analysis of energy from output trend reports.
Verification of control sequences from commissioning and City of Santa Rosa
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EEM EEM Description Description M&V
Option Pre and Post M&V Methodology Description
verification of persistence through analysis of EMCS Trend Reports.
3.4 City Hall Annex Multi-
Zone AHU Replacement
Replace Multi-Zone
System with new VAV AHU
B Pre: Logged hours of operations on AHUs via amperage
loggers. Spot power measurements on supply fans.
Post: Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning documents. Monitoring of VFD output
and analysis of energy from output trend reports.
Verification of control sequences from commissioning and verification of persistence through analysis of EMCS Trend Reports.
3.5 City Hall Annex Replace
FCUs with VRF System
Replace 21 CHW FCUs
with new high efficiency
VRF System
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
3.6 City Hall Annex Boiler
Replacement
Replace two 300-MBH
boilers with new 399-MBH
condensing boiler
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
HHW setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
3.7 City Hall Annex Replace
Packaged Units with
Heat Pumps
Replace 5 Packaged AC
Systems with high
efficiency heat pumps
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
4.1 MSCN Packaged Unit
Replacement
Replace four Packaged AC
Systems with high
efficiency heat pumps
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
4.2 MSCN Replacement
with Heat Pumps
Replace Packaged AC
Systems with high
efficiency heat pumps
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer' s published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
4.3 MSCN New Chillers Replace two chillers (25-
Ton 15-Ton) with high
efficiency equivalents
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents .
4.4 MSCN New Boilers Replace two boilers
(1,1010-MBH and 900-
MBH) with condensing
boilers
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
HHW setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents .
5.1 PSB - New Central Plant
with Heat Recovery
Replace 125-Ton CHW
system with new high
efficiency 300-Ton CHW
system with heat recovery
B Pre: Calculated chiller efficiency via measured power, flow rates and CHW return temperatures.
Post: Calculated chiller efficiency via measured power, flow rates and CHW return temperatures from monitored trend
data
5.2 PSB - New AHUs and
Controls
Replace six CHW VAV
AHUs
B Pre: Logged hours of operations on AHUs via amperage
loggers. Spot power measurements on supply and return
fans.
Post: Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning documents. Verification of control
sequences from commissioning and verification of
persistence through analysis of EMCS Trend Reports.
5.3 PSB - New VAV
Terminal Units and
Controls
Replace 104 VAV boxes
with HW Reheat
A Pre: Logged temperature setpoints and hours of
operations.
Post: Verification of control sequences from
commissioning and verification of persistence through
analysis of EMCS Trend Reports.
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EEM EEM Description Description M&V
Option Pre and Post M&V Methodology Description
5.5 PSB - Convert Comm.
Units to CHW
Convert two 6-Ton
packaged AC units to
CHW
B Pre: Logged hours of operations on AC Units via amperage loggers. Spot power measurements on sAC Units.
Post: Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning documents. Verification of control
sequences from commissioning and verification of
persistence through analysis of EMCS Trend Reports.
5.6 PSB - New Packaged
Comm. Units
Replace two 6-Ton
Packaged AC Units with
high efficiency equivalent
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit mo nitoring or commissioning
documents.
6.1 MSCS - Packaged Unit
Replacement
Replace three packaged
AC systems with high
efficiency, like-for-like
units
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
7.1 Chamber Building -
Packaged Unit
Replacement
Replace six Packaged AC
Systems with high
efficiency, like-for-like
units
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retr ofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
7.2 Chamber Building -
Replace with Heat
Pumps
Replace six Packaged AC
Systems with high
efficiency heat pumps
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
8.1 Finley Park Community
Center - Packaged Unit
Replacement
Replace nine packaged AC
systems with high
efficiency, like-for-like
units
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
8.2 Finley Park Community
Center - Replace with
Heat Pumps
Replace nine Packaged AC
Systems with high
efficiency heat pumps
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
9.1 Steele Lane Community
Center - Packaged Unit
Replacement
Replace eight Packaged
AC Systems with high
efficiency, like-for-like
units
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
9.2 Steele Lane Community
Center - Replace with
Heat Pumps
Replace eight Packaged
AC Systems with high
efficiency heat pumps
A Pre: Logged hours of operations. Logged temperature
setpoints. Manufacturer's published efficiency data.
Post: Manufacturer's efficiency data. Hours of operation based on pre retrofit monitoring or commissioning
documents.
10 New EMCS at 10 Main
Facilities
Install new EMCS at 10
facilities for remote
control and moni toring
A Pre: Operating Hours and Temperature Setpoints from
portable data loggers.
Post: Verification of control sequences from
commissioning and verification of persistence through
analysis of EMCS Trend Reports.
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Solar Photovoltaic Systems
This section d o cuments the feasibility of the deployment of Solar Photovoltaic (PV) at the municipal locations for the city of Santa Rosa. Santa Rosa has provided a total of 107 (63 parks and 44 buildings) locations to assess for the viability of a PV system. Each site was first considered in a desktop review for system space, excessive shade, status of electrical infrastructure, ease of construction, construction access. Each of these criteria will determine if a PV system will provide optimal production and also determine if each location is suitable for a PV system. All sites were then evaluated through a preliminary resources study using PVsyst and AutoCAD.
4.1 Background and Existing Conditions
As stated in the previous section above, each site was evaluated based on four criteria:
System space
Excessive shade,
Electrical infrastructure, and
Ease of construction.
All the sites were scored on a scale of 1-10 (1 being least ideal and 10 being most ideal), and sites with a score “0” represent conditions that will not be at all feasible a PV system. Note that any category with a score “0” was dismissed. Each of the categories was weighted by importance for construction.
Table 94 provides the list of all sites analyzed based on this system and their scoring. The weight of each category represents the relative importance each criterion has in the total score and determining the Tier of each site.
T a ble 94 | P V Weighted Score Site Table
De cision Criteria
P ro ject
Space Shading E lectrical
I n f ra structure
E ase of
D e velopm ent
C o n struction
A c c ess T o tal Tier Notes
Weight 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 1
1 A Place to
Play 8 10 8 10 10 8.8 1
Possible ground
mount and car
port structure
2 Airfield Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Insufficient
Space
3 Bayer Park &
Gardens 5 5 8 10 10 6.9 2 Proceed with
shade structure
4 Bellevue
Ranch Park - 0 0 - - 0 3 Excessive
shading
5 Bicentennial
Park - 0 - - - 0 3 Excessive
shading
6 Brendon Park 0 0 - - - 0 3
Excessive
shading and
lack of space
7 Brush Creek
Park 0 0 - - - 0 3
Excessive
shading and
lack of space
8 Coffey Park 5 7 5 9 9 6.2 2 Pending Site
Visit
9 Colgan Creek
Park 0 0 - - - 0 3
Excessive
shading and
lack of space
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De cision Criteria
P ro ject
Space Shading E lectrical
I n f ra structure
E ase of
D e velopm ent
C o n struction
A c c ess T o tal Tier Notes
10 Cook School
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
11 Dauenhauer
Park 0 0 - - 0 3
Excessive
shading and
lack of electrical
infrastructure
12 DeMeo Park 0 0 0 - - 0 3
Excessive
shading and
lack of electrical
infrastructure
13 DeTurk Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
14 Doyle
Community
Park
0 0 - - - 0 3
Lack of space
and excessive
shading
15 Dutch Flohr
Park 0 0 - - - 0 3
Lack of space
and excessive
shading
16 Eastside Park 0 0 - - - 0 3
Lack of space
and excessive
shading
17 Finali Park 5 4 8 8 8 6.3 2 Pending Site
Visit
18 Finley
Community
Park
6 5 8 7 7 6.6 2 Pending Site
Visit
19 Fir Ridge Park - 0 0 - - 0 3
Excessive
shading and
lack electrical
infrastructure
20 Flat Rock Park 0 0 0 - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
21 Franklin
Community
Park
0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
22 Frances
Nielsen Ranch
Park
0 0 0 - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
23 Fremont Park 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
24 Galvin
Community
Park
10 8 8 8 8 8.6 1 Proceed with
shade structure
25 Harvest Park 0 - 0 - - 0 3
Insufficient
space and
electrical
infrastructure
26 Haydn Village
Park 0 - 0 - - 0 3
Insufficient
space and
electrical
infrastructure
27 Hidden Valley
Park 6 7 0 6 6 4.4 3 Proceed with
shade structure
28 Howarth
Memorial Park 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
29 Humboldt
Park 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
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De cision Criteria
P ro ject
Space Shading E lectrical
I n f ra structure
E ase of
D e velopm ent
C o n struction
A c c ess T o tal Tier Notes
30 Jacobs Park - - 0 - - 0 3
No electrical
infrastructure
for POI
31 Jennings Park 0 - 0 - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
32 Juilliard Park 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
33 Live Oak Park 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
34 Martin Luther
King Jr. Park 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
35 Matanzas
Park 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
36 Mesquite Park 0 - 0 - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
37 Nagasawa
Community
Park
- 0 0 - - 0 3
Lack of
electrical
infrastructure
and shading
38 North Park 0 0 0 - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
39 Northwest
Community
Park
6 5 8 7 7 6.6 2 Lack of space
needed
40 Oaklake
Green Park 0 - 0 - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
41 Olive Park 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
42 Pearblossom
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
43 Peter Springs
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
44 Peterson
Lane Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
45 Pioneer Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
46 Prince
Gateway Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
47 Rae Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
48 Railroad
Depot Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
49 Red Hawk
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
50 Rincon Ridge
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
51 Rincon Valley
Community
Park
7 5 0 8 8 4.7 3 Pending Site
Visit
52 Rinconada
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
53 Skyhawk
Community
Park
0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
54 Sonoma Ave
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
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De cision Criteria
P ro ject
Space Shading E lectrical
I n f ra structure
E ase of
D e velopm ent
C o n struction
A c c ess T o tal Tier Notes
55 South Davis
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
56 Southwest
Community
Park
8 2 8 8 8 6.8 2 Proceed with
ground mount
57 Steele Lane
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
58 Strawberry
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
59 Tanglewood
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
60 Trailhead Park 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
61 Village Green
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
62 Westgate
Park 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
63 Youth
Community
Park
0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
64 City Hall 2-5 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
65 City Hall 6-8 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
66 City Hall 1, 9 -
11 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
67 City Hall
Annex 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
68 PSB 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
69 PSB storage
building 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
70 Fire Station 2 0 - - - - 0 3 Too many
obstructions
71 Fire Station 3 0 3 No roof photos
72 Fire Station 4 0 3 No roof Photos
73 Fire Station 5
(temp) 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
74 Fire Station 6 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
75 Fire Station 7 0 0 - - - 0 3 Lack of space
76 Fire Training
Tower 0 - 0 - - 0 3 Lack of space
77 Fire Training
storage
building 1
0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
78 Fire Training
office 1 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
79 Fire Training
classroom 2 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
80 Fire Training
classroom 3 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
81 Fire Training
storage
building 2
0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
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De cision Criteria
P ro ject
Space Shading E lectrical
I n f ra structure
E ase of
D e velopm ent
C o n struction
A c c ess T o tal Tier Notes
82 MSCN
Admin/Lab
building
0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
83 MSCN Shop
building 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
84 MSCN
Warehouse 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
85 MSCN
Garage 10 9 9 9 9 9.3 1 Proceed with
carport
86 MSCN
Vehicle
Storage
building
0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
87 MSCN Steam
Cleaning
Station
0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
88 MSCN Wash
Station #1 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
89 MSCS 8 8 8 8 8 8 3
Plenty of roof
space. Proceed
with fixed
system
90 Museum 0 - - - - 0 3
Insufficiant
space and
possible
shading from
trees
91 Sam Jones
Hall 8 10 8 8 9 8.5 1
Proceed with
ground mount,
roof, and
carport analysis
92 Fire
Admin/Statio
n 10
0 0 - - - 0 3
Not enough
room for
carport
structure and
too many
obstructions on
roof
93 Fire Station
11 Modular 0 - - - - 0 3 Too many
obstructions
94 Fire Station
11 Apparatus
building
0 - - - - 0 3 Too many
obstructions
95 Chamber
Building-637
1st St
0 - - - - 0 3 Too many
obstructions
96 Sonoma
Brookwood
Ctr
7 8 9 9 9 8.2 1
No roof photos.
Small system is
possible.
97 Steele Lane
Community
Center
0 0 - - - 0 3
Lack of space
and excessive
shading
98 Church of
One Tree 0 0 - - - 0 3
Lack of space
and excessive
shading
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De cision Criteria
P ro ject
Space Shading E lectrical
I n f ra structure
E ase of
D e velopm ent
C o n struction
A c c ess T o tal Tier Notes
99 Ridgway
Swim Center 6 9 8 8 8 7.6 2 Proceed with
roof system
100
Finley Park
Community
Center
0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
101 Finley Park
Swim Center 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
102
Finley Park
Pool
Mechanical
building
0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
103
Finley Park
Pool
Concession
building
0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
104 Finley Park
Senior wing 6 7 9 8 8 7.5 2
Current racking
structure may
be for solar.
Proceed with
rooftop
feasibility
105 Railroad
Depot 0 - - - - 0 3 Pitched roof too
small
106 Deturk Round
Barn 0 - - - - 0 3 Lack of space
needed
107
Transit
Operations
Building
4 8 8 9 9 7 2
System
removed for
lack of space
and
obstructions
First and foremost, each site was assessed for electrical infrastructure. Without any existing electrical infrastructure there is no place for the PV system to interconnect to the main grid or offset any active loads. The cost to pull secondary service to the location would make the PV system cost prohibitive. It is also important that the point of interconnection be near the array location and was factored into the overall score for this category.
Each site provided by the city was first assessed for adequate space for a PV system. The minimum space at each site was chosen based on the required input for a SMA CORE1 (33.3 kW) inverter. The area required by the PV modules is roughly 2000 sq. ft. Ultimately, each site required an unobstructed/unshaded space to move forward with a preliminary PV study.
Shading of the system at each site was avoided. Obstructions that may cause shading could be HVAC equipment, trees, and vent pipes. The list of sites was further reduced after site photos were reviewed for the obstructions mentioned previously. While not a shading obstruction, it should be noted that there were several instances where the roof sites had too many skylights. Skylights cannot be spanned for construction and would be cost prohibitive if a system were to be built in between each skylight.
The initial 107 sites were reduced to 17 sites based on the described method of the decision matrix. Once the score for each site was determined, the sites were then tiered to determine priorities for further investigation. The tier structure is as follows:
T i er 1
o The site would be effective for PV (no shading, adequate space, optimal orientation) City of Santa Rosa
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o PV supports an electrical load making the site cost effective o Electrical drawings and POI inform ation are known
o Writeup says these could be viable and are recommended T i er 2
o The site would be effective for PV (no shading, adequate space, optimal orientation) o Electrical infrastructure is unknown
o More investigation is needed to viability
T i er 3
o Site is not effective for PV
o Spaces should not be considered for further investigation for PV It should be noted that the point of interconnection for all systems may require new or upgraded electrical gear to allow for back feed to the grid. This will drive the cost up significantly and should be assessed before further analysis of a PV system viability.
4.2 Preliminary Site Layouts
All the sites listed above in Table 94 were determined to meet the minimum score for a PV system. AECOM has provided a layout for each site in CAD software to determine possible layout configurations. In this section two sites will be evaluated, and the other 15 sites will be placed in the appendix.
Figure 116 | A Place to Play Preliminary L ayout
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Figure 116 illustrates the site “A Place to Play” locate in Santa Rosa. This site scored an overall 8.8 on the weighted design matrix. The high score is because of the large open space, proximity to electrical infrastructure, and has ample space for construction laydown as needed. Several options are available for at this site: either a ground mount design or a carport structure. Below is a summary of the system size, production, and cost are summarized. Systems Size
Ground Mount System: 2237.2 kW
Canopy System: 497.3 kW
System Production
Ground Mount System: 3486 MWh
Canopy System: 732 MWh
Estimated ROM System Cost
Total: $4,635,155
Ground Mount: $3,775,908
Canopy System: $859,247
Figure 117 | M SCN Prel imi nary P V L ayout
Figure 117 illustrates the site “MSCN” locate in Santa Rosa. This site scored an overall 9.3 on the weighted design matrix. This site scored high because of the large open space, proximity to electrical infrastructure, and has ample space for construction laydown as needed. Several options are available for at this site: either a Canopy design for the car parking spaces or a system for the bus parking. Below is a summary of the system size, production, and cost are summarized.
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Systems Size
Car & Garage Parking System: 657.9 kW
Bus Parking System: 1017.5 kW
System Production
Car & Garage Parking System: 970 MWh
Bus Parking System: 1490 MWh
Estimated ROM System Cost
Total: $2,883,991
Car & Garage Parking System: $1,148,547
Bus Parking System: $1,735,444
The table shown below summarizes the possible system size, production, and ROM cost. Based on the previous sections and other cost saving energy efficiency measures, the PV systems described in Table 95 may be scaled down to meet the needs of the customer. Select systems may be able to be scaled up depending on available space.
T able 95 | P relim inary PV System Summaries
Sy stem Mo du les kW -DC kW -AC DC/AC
P r oduce d
E n e rgy
( kW h/year)
Specif ic
Production
( kW h /kWp)
Cost Tier
A Place to Play 6434 2734.5 2125 1.287 4,218,007 1543 4,635,155 2 Ground Mount 5264 2237.2 1750 1.278 3,485,558 1558 3,775,908 Canopy 1170 497.3 375 1.326 732,449 1473 859,247.18 Bayer Park &
Gardens
126 53.55 45.3 1.182 56,801 1485 1
Flush Mounted
Roof System 90 38.3 33.3 1.149 22,736 1486 86,251
Shade Structure
Canopy 36 15.3 12 1.275 796,289 1487 47,374
Coffey Park 1260 535.5 437.5 1.224 797,360 1489 829,393 2 Finali Park 180 76.5 62.5 1.224 112,608 1472 149,611 2 Finley Community
Park
180 76.5 62.5 1.224 113,909 1489 149,611 1
Galvin Community
Park 180 229.5 66.6 3.446 342,317 1492 411,724 1
Northwest
Community Park 954 405.5 341.5 1.187 597,491 1474 285,005 1 Southwest
Community Park 468 198.9 158.3 1.256 294,770 1482 357,789 2 Fire Station 3 90 38.3 33.3 1.149 55,998 1464 86,251 1 Fire Station 4 90 38.3 33.3 1.149 55,501 1451 86,251 1 MSCN Garage 3942 1675.4 1295.7 1.293 2,459,949 1468 1 Car
Parking/Covered
garage
1548 657.9 545.7 1.206 970,403 1475 1,148,547
Bus Parking 2394 1017.5 750 1.357 1,489,547 1464 1,735,444 City of Santa Rosa
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Sy stem Mo du les kW -DC kW -AC DC/AC
P r oduce d
E n e rgy
( kW h/year)
Specif ic
Production
( kW h /kWp)
Cost Tier
MSCS 432 183.6 150 1.224 268,607 1463 334,542 1 Sam Jones Hall 3724 1582.7 1250 1.266 2,470,595 1561 377,807 1 Sonoma
Brookwood Ctr
90 38.3 33.3 1.149 55,922 1462 86,251 1
Finley Park
Community
Center
1188 504.9 399.6 1.264 745,232 1476 279,222 1
Hidden Valley
Park 360 153 125 1.224 227,817 1489 888,914 2
Rincon Valley
Community Park
720 306 250 1.224 455,634 1489 538,443 2
Total 19338 8371.7 6494.4 1.289 13,464,09
0 1608
4.3 Measurement and Verification
All viable sites for PV have been measured using PVSyst to model the first-year annual production. Any ROI will need to be assessed based on site consumption price and cost provided by a developer.
4.4 Assumptions
Costs for each system were assumed to follow the trends outlined in NREL’s “U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System Cost Benchmark Q1 2018”. All system costs are represented as a dollar per installed Watt-DC. Fi g ure 118 illustrates the system costs for various states as well as an overall average across the country. For the state of California, a cost of $1.82/Wdc was used to estimate the rough order magnitude (ROM) cost for each system.
Figure 118 | Q1 2018 benchmark by location: 200 -kW commercial PV system cost (2018 USD/ W dc)
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Microgrid Feasibility
5.1 Overview
Microgrid is a mix of distributed energy resources (DER) with uniqu e operational capabilities that can deliver a reliable, econom ical, and resilient solution. The size of the DERs is usually optimized for maximum return on investment, performance (higher system efficiency or maximize on renewable penetration) or autonomous operation. The operational strategy of a microgrid when in a grid connected mode, is to leverage on the contribution of renewable assets such as solar in order to reduce GHG emissions. During this mode, battery storage system’s role is to reduce demand charges by peak shaving or load shifting. When an outage occurs, the battery provides a bridging power to the load. Solar can be added to the mix of available assets in order to maintain supply and minimize on the use of standby generator. In case of extended outage, the standby generator can be started and paralleled with battery and solar to support the building loads.
Fi gure 119 | Simplified Microgrid Layout
In the RFP, Santa Rosa included a total of ten (10) buildings in two clusters as a potential of installing one microgrid each for one cluster of buildings. How ever after the site visits, discussion with the city staff and the review of submitted data, it was determined that in order to serve the majority of the buildings identified in the RFP the number of microgrids recommended would be more than the initial two.
One of the challenges Santa Rosa is facing is the increased number of outages and extended d urati on of each outage. PG&E compiles a report that reviews its electric reliability status, with both a system-wide and division- level perspective. This data submitted to California Public Utilities Comm ission (CPUC) and is available to the public. The causes of outages can be attributed to weather, vegetation (trees contacting power lines), anim als, equipment failure, vehicle accidents and digging into underground electric lines. Figure 120 below shows the four key indicators for utility performance, (SAIDI, SAIFI, MAIFI, CAIDI).
The System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) is based on the amount of time the average PG&E customer experiences a sustained outage (being without power for more than five minutes) in a given year. The System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI) is a metric which represents the number of times the
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average PG&E customer experiences a sustained outage in a given year. As shown below, the trend for the number and duration of outages over the last 4 years is on the increase.
Fi gure 120 | PG&E Outages Key Performance Indicators
SAIDI performance results
In 2020, the PG&E
SAIDI was about
153.2 minutes per
custo mer.
SAIFI performance results
In 2020, the PG&E
SAIFI was about
1.179, or slightly
more than one per
custo mer.
In addition to the above two metrics, Momentary Average Interruption Frequency Index (MAIFI) and Customer Average Interruption Duration Index (CAIDI) are also important indicators of system reliability. MA IFI is based on the number of times the average customer is interrupted by Momentary Outage events each year. Momentary outage events are outages that last 5 minutes or less. In 2020, the PG&E MAIFI was 1.317 per customer. CAIDI represents the average restoration time when customers are impacted by a sustained outage. It is determined by dividing SAIDI by SAIFI. In 2020, the PG&E CAIDI was 130.0 minutes.
Because most electric service outages are caused by disturbances in the electric distribution system, the only way to avoid these outages is to locate electric generation and storage at the end user’s location. For higher reliability Santa Rosa would need to have local backup systems with capacity to support full building/facility load.
Santa Rosa does have backup generators to provide coverage however the challenge with the existing arrangement is that the generators are
Beyond their design life
Not tier 2 emission compliant
Limited rating sized for emergency load Not electronically controllable to operate in parallel with other resources such as solar or battery during outages.
It should also be highlighted that emergency loads for som e of the facilities were defined when they were first commissioned in 1979. With the deployment of microgrids, the local generation assets will provide uninterruptible power as long as the backup generators can be continuously fueled.
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5.2 Site Visit and Analysis Methodology
5.2.1 Site Visit
AECOM conducted a site visit of the facilities listed in Table 96. The aim of the visits was to obtain data about the condition of existing electrical distribution network, utility – facility connection, suitability of current switchgears and switchboards for microgrid operation, equ ipment spec ification, single line diagrams. In addition, we held several discussions with the Santa Rosa staff to understand the current facility operations and any changes which are anticipated.
T able 96 | List of Facilities, Areas, and Associated Utility Side Meter Fa cilities I dentified by S C Municipality Address Area (sq . ft) Meter ID MSCN
MSCN Admin/Lab building 55 Stony Point Road 10,750
1009539275
MSCN Shop building 55 Stony Point Road 22,000
MSCN Warehouse 55 Stony Point Road 14,400
MSCN Garage 55 Stony Point Road 28,800
MSCN Vehicle Storage building 55 Stony Point Road 7,500 MSCN Steam Cleaning Station 55 Stony Point Road 1,100 MSCN Wash Station #1 55 Stony Point Road 900
Transit Wash Station building 55 Stony Point Road 360
MSCS 69 Stony Circle 27,610
1009458059
1009884021
5000034021
5000034022
1009458060
5000034023
Fire Station 2 65 Stony Circle 6,913
Finley Park
Finley Park Community Center 2060 West College Avenue 27,930 1010113652 Finley Park Senior wing 2060 West College Avenue 24,408 1009539922 Finley Park Pool Mechanical building 2102 West College Avenue 6,240 5000111552 Finley Park Swim Center 2103 West College Avenue 1,886 Finley Park Pool Concession building 2104 West College Avenue 350 Fire Training Tower 2126 West College Avenue 5,304
Fire Training storage building 1 2127 West College Avenue 171 Fire Training office 1 2128 West College Avenue 4,806 Fire Training classroom 2 2129 West College Avenue 960 Fire Training classroom 3 2130 West College Avenue 1,440 Fire Training storage building 2 2131 West College Avenue C it y Hall
City Hall 2 -5 100 SR Avenue 13,440
1009989073 City Hall 6 -8 100 SR Avenue 11,000
City Hall 1, 9 -11 100 SR Avenue 30,024
City Hall Annex 90 SR Avenue 25,090 1010113647
Chamber Building-637 1st St 555 1st Street 10,000 1006889533 PSB 965 Sonoma Avenue 59,719
5000037152 PSB storage building 965 Sonoma Avenue 2,116 City of Santa Rosa
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5.2.2 Technical Assessment Approach
Based on the information collected from site visits, we started developing conceptual microgrid models. During our conversations with the customer, we were able to gather very useful information in terms of what is Santa Rosa’s priority in terms of what kind of facilities and operations are critical and what were the primary drivers behind the need for microgrids. In general, the goals of a microgrid is to reduce the operational cost, provide a resilient infrastructure solution and increase the adoption of renewable generation. Our technical approach consisted of two main parts
Data collection and assessment of collected data
Conceptual Design
During the first phase we had to spend significant time is gathering all the right information related to the electrical infrastructure of each of the identified facility. We were able to obtain historical single line diagram s for all the facilities however the information available in the drawings was not always compatible with what was observed in the field. In these instances, we held multiple discussions with Santa Rosa’s electrical engineering team to understand the changes which have occurred since the single-line diagrams were first created. Based on these discussions we were able to update the diagrams for the facilities as needed. We also assessed the capacity and the conditions of the existing electrical distribution network and the standby generators. Using the utility bill analysis completed for this study and the analysis of electrical loads for each of the facilities along with the information available in the facilities condition assessment reports completed by Cannon Design, we developed detailed models utilizing UL’s HomerGrid analysis tool (Version 1.8.7678). This tool helped as in analyzing different scenarios for design and converge on optimized asset sizing based on the inputs for each of the sites.
The designs are all based on behind-the-meter and grid-connected arrangements. The end-result of the design optimization process was to identify the solution with the lowest levelized cost, identification of the right equipment for the site and their correct sizing along with the most viable mode of operation.
Following is a brief description of site attributes, analysis and the solutions for the seven sites where microgrid deployment has been determined to be feasible:
5.2.3 Maintenance Service Center North (MSCN)
Santa Rosa’s main focus is to develop MSCN as a resilient operations hub during an outage or a climate event and the goal is that all critical loads in this complex are supported by backup power. This entire complex comprises of eight (8) facilities and has significant potential for the installation of solar PV as car parking, garage and bus parking installation. The existing standby generator is not large enough to support the full facility load and beyond its design life. Switchboard is also beyond its design life and we could not determine any evidence of arc flash or coordination assessment. Main breaker would also need to be upgraded for microgrid operation. These two pieces of equipment along with other mechanical and electrical equipment would have to upgraded for the microgrid deployment. Traffic server and equipment backed up by rack mounted UPS power.
The utility side transformer rating is estimated to be 500kVA (The available electrical single line diagram (SLD) does not document the rating of this transformer or the rating of the standby generator) Santa Rosa is also in the process of planning on the electrification of their bus fleet. This will also be operated out of MSCN. The eventual deployment of the microgrid would have to consider the added load from the electric bus fleet. For our analysis, the electric utility charges based on PG&E and Sonoma Power time of use.
Inputs from the site visit and subsequent conversations with the facility electrical staff have greatly assisted us in updating the site’s electrical SLD which is included in Appendix A - Attachments. As discussed earlier, MSCN does have significant potential for the installation of Solar PV however the available PG&E electrical transformer would have to upgraded if we are to install more than 400 kW of solar PV. Taking into account this constraint, there is still enough site potential from a combination of solar PV, batteries and diesel backup generator that 100% of the load can addressed during a power outage.
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For MSCN, 88% of the total load can be addressed with renewable generation (solar PV). Following figure (extracted from HomerGrid) shows a snapshot of how the generation and backup assets will perform to meet the required load. As shown the solar output in summer (June) is significantly higher than the load (450 kW vs 150 kW). The battery is charged when solar is higher than the load and discharged during peak hours. Because the solar is higher than the load (8am to 6pm), the utility import is almost negligible.
Fi gure 121 | MSCN Time Series*
*PV (Brown), Utility Purchases (Light Blue), Load (Dark Blue), State Of Charge (Green)
Table 97 summarizes the asset sizes which will be required for optimal microgrid operation for this site.
Tabl e 97 | Microgrid asset sizing for MSCN
Fa cility Battery S torage
So lar
Pho tovoltaic
( kW_ac)
N e w S tan db y
Generator (kW)
MSCN 840kWh/200kW 400 365
As mentioned above the total capacity at this site for solar is approximately 1.6 MW however the PG&E electrical infrastructure is a limiting factor.
5.2.4 Maintenance Service Center South (MSCS)
Maintenance Service Center South (MSCS) is a single-story concrete construction building which house the entire engineering section of the City. Per Santa Rosa, this facility is also critical and has to have complete operational capabilities during an outage because of the location of the engineering department.
This facility is served by a total of seven (7) different meters. Each meter has a low kWh load and based on conversation with PG&E, it will be not be a trivial exercise to transform this set up under one aggregated meter.
There is also some Solar PV which is already deployed on the MSCN complex and is connected to a meter in MSCS. In addition, this complexity, the existing standby generator is old and does not enough capacity for a full operation backup. This generator would have to be upgraded to accommodate a microgrid at this site. Most electrical equipment and panels at this site are old and close to the end of useful life.
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Existing standby generator is old, small and not suitable for microgrid operation. However, the mission critical nature of this facility would require a microgrid which will be a combination of a new standby generator, additional Solar PV and battery. This is sufficient space available for all the new equipment needed to install a sustainable and resilient standby infrastructure for this facility. Based on the 2019 demand, total renewable generation potential is 115% of the total load. The following table shows the recommended sizes for the new generator, Solar PV and batteries.
T able 98 | Microgrid Asset Sizing for MSCS
Fa cility Storage P V ( kW_ac) N e w S tandby
Generator (kW)
MSCS 106kWh/46kW 150 100
Following figure (extracted from HomerGrid) shows a snapshot of how the generation and backup assets will perform to meet the required load. The operation profile of this facility is very sim ilar to MSCN with the solar output in summer being significantly higher than the load. The battery is charged when solar is higher than the load and discharged during peak hours. Because the solar is higher than the load (8am to 6pm), the utility import is alm ost relatively small.
Fi gure 122 | MSCS Time Series*
*PV (Brown), Utility Purchases (Light Blue), Load (Dark Blue), State Of Charge (Green)
5.2.5 City Hall AND City Hall Annex
As mentioned in the previous sections City Hall is a mixed-use administrative facility, housing many of the city’s departments and the City Council Chamber Hall. While the Annex is a repurposed two-story bank building currently utilized as administrative space by the departments of Parking, Housing and Community Services, as well as Finance. The Annex also houses all the servers associated with the City. Both these facilities are mission critical and are required to have full standby power for their operations during an outage or a climate event.
The main issue with these facilities is that there is no space at these two sites to deploy renewable generation assets such as solar PV. The existing standby generator which is located at the City Hall is utilized to provide backup power for the server rooms in the Annex. It is old and has limited capacity. Additionally, as shown in Figure 123. there is extremely limited space to deploy a larger st andby unit and a battery at the City Hall.
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Fi gure 123 | Existing Standby Generator Location for City Hall
If microgrids are to be deployed which will support 100% standby operations for City Hall and the Annex, a complete redesign of the area shown in the figure above would be required meet the demands.
The most critical part of this facility operation is associated with the server room where the UPS loads are significantly larger as compared to the rest of the facility operation. Table 99 summarizes the asset sizes which will be required for optimal microgrid operation for City Hall and the Annex.
T able 99 | Microgrid asset sizing for City Hall/Annex
Fa cility Storage PV (kW a c) N e w S tan db y
Generator (kW)
C it y Hall 210kWh/50kW 0
450
C it y Annex 210kWh/50kW 0
Following figures shows the snapshot the performance of generation assets in relation with the building load for City Hall and the Annex. Since there is no Solar PV, there is significant purchase from the utility. In Figure 124, we can see that the installed battery can utilized for a peak shaving scenario as long as utility tariffs are favorable. The next figure shows that we have modelled random power outage events and the impacts of these on battery discharging can be seen.
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Fi gure 124 | City Hall Time Series*
* Utility Purchases (Red), Load (Dark Blue), State Of Charge (Green) Fi gure 125 | City Hall Annex Time Series*
* Utility Purchases (Red), Load (Dark Blue), State Of Charge (Green)
5.2.6 Public Safety Building
The Public Safety Building (PSB) houses the central command for the Police and Fire Departments for the City of Santa Rosa. In terms of viability of a microgrid deployment, this facility has very similar issues as the City Hall and the Annex. PSB has no space for the deployment of solar PV and the space available for new equipment is also very limited. The existing standby generator is close to its useful life and will have to be upgraded for microgrid operations. All the current critical load is backed up by UPS. Table 100 summarizes the asset sizes for microgrid operation at the PSB.
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T able 100 | Microgrid Asset Sizing for Public Safety Building Fa cility Storage P V ( kW_ac)
N e w S tan db y
Generator (kW)
PSB 840/200kW 0 365
The following figure shows the snapshot the performance of generation assets in relation with the building load for PSB. With the recommended battery, the PSB peak loads can be met with a combination of utility purchase and battery discharge.
Fi gure 126 | Public Safety Building Time Series*
* Utility Purchases (Red), Load (Dark Blue), State Of Charge (Green)
5.2.7 Finley Park Complex
The Finley Park Complex comprises of a community center, a senior center and an aquatic center. The communi ty center has a large auditorium and additional gathering spaces for event along with support facilities such as kitchens and administrative offices. The senior center also caters to group activities with several large meeting rooms and a kitchen. Currently it is also serving as an elementary school. The aquatic center has two pools, lockers and shower area along with a very large storage. These facilities are also considered mission critical especially during climate events as they serve as community shelters. Overall, the demand of this complex is on the low side because of intermittent use.
This complex does have a microturbine (C65 Capstone 65kW) which can provide support during emergency operations. Overall condition of the electrical equipment and feeders is not very good. Most equipment is reaching its end of useful life. Space for the installation of new equipment is limited because of all the aquatic center related equipment. In terms of utility rates, this complex has the highest tariffs based on PG&E and Sonoma Clean Power time of use rates.
As a complex, Finley Park has significant potential for the deployment of solar. Solar PV might have some impact on the performance of the microturbine but overall, the resulting microgrid solutions would be able to support all backup operations and this complex will be able to serve the community with all its amenities during a clim ate event. Our recommended solution will require two separate microgrids, one serving the community center and the second one for the senior center. Standby generators and main switchboards would need to be upgraded in order to be integrated in a microgrid. Based on the 2019 demand, total renewable generation potential at the senior
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AECOM 177
center is 276% of the load while at the community center is 32% of the load. The following table shows the recommended sizes for the new generator, Solar PV and batteries.
T able 101 | Microgrid Asset Sizing for Finley Park Complex Fa cility Storage P V ( kW_ac) N e w S tan db y
Generator (kW)
Finley Senior Wing 210kWh/50kW 310 100
Finley Community Center 132kWh/58kW 63 100
Following figure shows the snapshot the performance of generation assets in relation with the building load for the Finley Park Complex. The Community Center operation is very similar to MSCN with solar PV and battery addressing the facility load and the utility purchase minimal during these operations.
Fi gure 127 | Finley Community Center Time Series*
*PV (Brown), Utility Purchases (Light Blue), Load (Dark Blue), State Of Charge (Green) In addition to these sites we also reviewed the Fire Station #2 as well as the Fire Training Center for the potential of either deploying standalone microgrids or including these sites in the existing recommended microgrids. The current standby system at Fire Station #2 is capable of providing full operational backup and based on its load profile, it does not make sense to have this station as a standalone microgrid. For the Fire training center, the load is extremely low, the location of the facility is remote from other City facilities and the use is very intermittent which makes this facility a non-critical site and hence we do not recommend it for a microgrid deploym ent. Figure 128 shows the renewable penetration for each of the sites considered for a microgrid.
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July 2021
AECOM 178
Fi gure 128 | Solar PV Potential for Each Microgrid Site
5.2.8 Financial Analysis
5.2.8.1 Utility Cost Comparison
In addition to the utility bill analysis presented in section 2.1, we also com pleted a more microgrid focused utility cost comparison on energy and demand charge components. For our analysis we did not take into account fixed charges and surcharges. Our aim was to compare the utility spend of the selected facilities with 2019 load data as baseline with the utility spend with microgrids as well as the impact of the ECMs in addition to the microgrids. We utilized the following assum ptions for this comparison:
Fixed utility charges not considered
Analysis based on 2019 load data
Impact of utility outages assumes 8-hour and 2-hour duration 50% of battery capacity reserved for outages
Battery selection criteria includes battery autonomy during outages: 3+ hours Generator not to be used except during outages
Analysis by AECOM of the impact of new electric bus fleet and fast chargers concur with findings by Cadmus group. The mismatch of the charge profile, solar production profile and the value proposition of large storage will be affected by the PG&E commercial electric vehicle (CEV) tariff. In this analysis we referenced a baseline for 2019 data and for the purpose of calibrating the model we used the tariffs which were applicable at that time. For feasibility analysis purposes, we wanted to give Santa Rosa a general understanding of what will be the impact of microgrids on utility spend. Since this is a high level approxim ation, we have utilized the utility tariffs in place in 2019. Table 102 summarizes this information. In Figure 129, we can see that just based on economics, only some of the seven (7) recommended microgrids are financially viable but the main case for these recommendations is for the increased operational resiliency for the City.
0% 50% 100% 150% 200% 250% 300%
MSCN
MSCS
City Hall
City Hall Annex
PSB
Finley Senior Wing
Finley Community Center
Solar PV Potential as percentage of 2019 Demand
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July 2021
AECOM 179
T able 102 | Utility Cost Comparison
Fa cility T a riff
C ur rent Microgrid
E n e rgy
Charge
D ema nd
Charge
E n e rgy
Charge
D ema nd
Charge
MSCN E19 $145,704 $86,571 $61,275 $33,982
MSCS A1 $234,431 $59,082 $96,514 $22,872
C it y Hall A10 $89,442 $31,127 $88,890 $25,731
C it y Annex E19 $77,514 $44,784 $75,782 $38,040
PSB E19 $162,671 $88,263 $161,056 $63,158
Finley S enior W ing A10 $92,575 $19,289 $92,692 $15,652 Finley Community
C enter A10 $76,265 $17,017 $51,097 $11,506
5.2.9 Value Proposition, Ownership and Operation model
Figure 129 below provides a visualization of how these different microgrids can be justified in terms of capital expenditure. As we can only MSCN has enough potential overall to save utility cost so that the economic and sustainability cases can be made. For all other sites especially City Hall complex and PSB which do not have any renewable potential, the focus and justification for a microgrid deployment would be resiliency and uninterrupted operation of critical facilities during a power outage or any other event.
In terms of ownership and operation of microgrids, the following three models are typically utilized:
1. Private developer owns and operate. The developer maintains ownership and takes on the role of operator.
2. Government / publicly owned and operated. Once commissioned, the system to be managed as a public service and the operation is either subcontracted or self-performed.
3. Hybrid model between public and private entities to develop a public-private partnership (PPP).
For Santa Rosa our analysis is based on the scenario that that the City is going to own and operate the microgrid infrastructure. The infrastructure includes both generation and distribution component of the microgrid. Following section documents the assumptions we have utilized to develop the total cost of the deployment of these microgrids and the estimated capital invested. Although the cost of outages can be significant, for the purpose of this report we have not considered the cost associated with such events in our analysis.
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July 2021
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Fi gure 129 | Microgrid Value P roposition
5.2.9.1 Cost Analysis and Assumptions
Based on the site visits, discussion with Santa Rosa staff and the submitted information, we have developed an estimate of the total cost which would be required to deploy the multiple microgrids. This estimate was arrived at by utilizing the following assumpti ons :
Since most of the electrical infrastructure currently in place is nearing the end of its useful life, microgrid deploym ent would require significant investm ent in upgrading of the auxiliary support systems. However, it is very difficult to price these components without a conceptual design. Therefore, for our capital expenditure estimate, the cost of electrical infrastructure upgrade is not included As mentioned earlier, for the City Hall and City Hall Annex the standby generator is located at City Hall. Our recommendation includes this current set up however we have included a larger generator for this operation
In our analysis we assumed some of the investment in battery storage system can be subsidized by SGIP program, https://www.pge.com/en_US/small-medium-business/energy-alternatives/private- solar/understand-the-solar-process.page
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We have utilized our past experience working on similar projects to determine the cost of design and installation of microgrids. In terms of hardware, we have used different publicly available resources to estimate the cost of solar PV, batteries and generators:
Solar price based on NREL U.S. Solar Photovoltaic System and Energy Storage Cost Benchmark: Q1 2020 1;
Small BESS based on Tesla online price for Powerwall2 Backup generator price based on NREL study3
Microgrid controller based on AECOM experien ce with similar projects EPC (Engineering, Procurement, Construction) estimate based on AECOM experience with similar size projects
Table 103 provides a detailed cost breakdown for the installation of each microgrid. The total cost of installing the seven microgrids will be approximately $9,000,000
.
1. https://data.nrel.gov/submissions/158
2. https://www.tesla.com/powerwall
3. https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/72509.pdf
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T able 103 | Cost Estimates and Breakdown for Microgrid Deployment Fa cility St orage
C a pital Co st
So lar PV
Capita l Cost
Generator
Capita l Cost
E lectrical
D is tribution C o n tro ls C o mmunication C o ntingency E ngineer,
P r oc ure an d
C o n struct
O& M ( PV, BESS,
C o ntrols/Microgrid)
MSCN $206,000 $841,000 $292,000 $200,000 $140,000 $50,000 $42,000 $220,000 $35,000 MSCS $60,000 $363,000 $88,000 $120,000 $80,000 $50,000 $24,000 $120,000 $10,000 City Hall $206,000 $0 $177,500 $170,000 $120,000 $40,000 $30,000 $180,000 $25,000 City Annex $206,000 $0 $177,500 $170,000 $120,000 $40,000 $30,000 $180,000 $25,000 PSB $823,000 $0 $292,000 $160,000 $140,000 $50,000 $30,000 $140,000 $25,000 Finley Senior
Wing $206,000 $653,000 $88,000 $160,000 $140,000 $50,000 $30,000 $140,000 $25,000 Finley
Community
Center
$75,000 $178,000 $88,000 $200,000 $80,000 $50,000 $42,000 $220,000 $17,500
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Appendix A – Solar PV Layouts
Please find Solar PV layouts for each site attached in Appendix A.
B
E1
A
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7°
20°20°
13'
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I/R DATE DESCRIPTION
ISSUE/REVISION
SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
PLACE TO PLAY PARK
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
1 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E1
A PLACE TO PLAY GROUND MOUNT
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 5264
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(28 MODULES IN SERIES) 188
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 2237.2 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 1750 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA HP PEAK3 125kW (14)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1500 V
ARRAY TILT 20°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 180°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 3486 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1558 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI
METER NUMBER: UNDETERMINED
CURRENT: 800 A
VOLTAGE UNDETERMINED
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E1
COVERED PARKING CANOPIES
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
COVERED PARKING
SOLAR PV SYSTEMS
GROUND MOUNT
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
SCALE:
1 E1
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 100'
SCALE:
B
E1
GROUND MOUNT ARRAYS
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
A PLACE TO PLAY CANOPY
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 1170
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 65
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 497.3 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 375 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 62.5kW (6)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 180°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 732 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1473 kWh/kWp
EXISTING 800
AMP PANEL
A
E2
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SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
BAYER PARK & GARDENS
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
2 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E2
BAYER PARK AND GARDENS
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 90
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 5
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 38.3 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 33.3 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 33kW (1)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 162°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 57 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1485 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI
METER NUMBER: 1010058611
CURRENT: 225 A
VOLTAGE 120/240 V
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E2
SHADE CANOPY
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
SCALE:
1 E2
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 30'
BAYER PARK AND GARDENS ROOF MOUNTED
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 36
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(9 MODULES IN SERIES) 4
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 15.3 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 12 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA SB6.0-US 6 kW (2)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 600 V
ARRAY TILT 9.46°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 162°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 22.7 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1481 kWh/kWp
FLUSH MOUNTED
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
UTILITY OVERHEAD
DISTRIBUTION
EXISTING
PG&E METER
CUSTOMER ELECTRICAL
DISTRIBUTION
SCALE:
A
E2
ROOFTOP RAIL RACKING
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
A
E3
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ISSUE/REVISION
SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
COFFEY PARK
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
3 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E3
COFFEY PARK
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 1260
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 70
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 535.5 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 437.5 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 62.5kW (7)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 180°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 797 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1489 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI:
UNDETERMINED
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E3
SHADE CANOPY
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
SCALE:
1 E3
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 40'
A
E4
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SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
FINALI PARK
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
4 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E4
FINALI PARK
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 180
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 10
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 76.5 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 62.5 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 62.5kW (1)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 147°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 113 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1472 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI:
UNDETERMINED
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E4
SHADE CANOPY
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
SCALE:
1 E4
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 40'
A
E5
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AECOM TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC
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www.aecom.com
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CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
FINLEY COMMUNITY PARK
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
5 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E5
FINLEY COMMUNITY PARK
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 180
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 10
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 76.5 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 62.5 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 62.5kW (1)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 180°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 114 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1489 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI:
UTILIZE COMMUNITY CENTER METER
METER NUMBER: NA
CURRENT: NA
VOLTAGE NA
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E5
SHADE CANOPY
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
SCALE:
1 E5
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 50'
A
E6
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CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
GALVIN COMMUNITY PARK
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
6 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E6
GALVIN COMMUNITY PARK
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 540
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 30
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 229.5 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 191.6 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 33.3kW (2)
SMA STP CORE1 62.5kW (2)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 180°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 342 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1491.58 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI:
UTILIZE COMMUNITY CENTER METER
METER NUMBER: 1010261729
CURRENT: 400 A
VOLTAGE: 480Y/277
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E6
SHADE CANOPY
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
SCALE:
1 E6
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 50'
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
EXISTING METER
AND SWITCHGEAR
ALTERNATE
SWITCHGEAR
A
E7
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CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
NORTHWEST COMMUNITY PARK
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
7 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E7
NORTHWEST COMMUNITY PARK
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 954
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 33
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 405.45 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 341.5 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.)
SMA STP CORE1 33.3kW (5)
SMA STP CORE1 50.0kW (1)
SMA STP CORE1 62.5kW (2)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 180°, 90°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 597 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1474 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI
METER NUMBER: NA
CURRENT: NA
VOLTAGE: NA
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E7
SHADE CANOPY
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SCALE:
A
E7
SHADED PARKING CANOPIES
NTS
SCALE:
1 E7
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 75'
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
EXISTING ELECTRICAL
ROOM
PARKING CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
B
E8
A
E8
7°
Printed on ___% Post-Consumer
Recycled Content Paper
REGISTRATION
KEY PLAN
ARCH D 24" x 36"
SHEET TITLE
DESIGNER
AECOM TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC
300 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90071
213.593.8100 tel 213.593.8178 fax
www.aecom.com
Last saved by: MATT.ACKER(2021-06-08) Last Plotted: 2021-06-08 CLIENT
Project Management Initials: Designer: Checked: Approved:
PROJECT
Filename: C:\USERS\MATT.ACKER\ONEDRIVE - AECOM DIRECTORY\DOCUMENTS\PROJECTS\SANTAROSA\WETRANSFER-B13463\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT - STANDARD\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT_043021.DWG
I/R DATE DESCRIPTION
ISSUE/REVISION
SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
SOUTHWEST COMMUNITY PARK
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
8 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E8
SOUTHWEST COMMUNITY PARK
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 468
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 26
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 198.9 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 158.3 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 62.5kW (2) +
33.3kW (1)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 164° & 180°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 295 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1482 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI:
UTILIZE COMMUNITY CENTER METER
METER NUMBER: 1005826206
CURRENT: UNDETERMINED
VOLTAGE: UNDETERMINED
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
B
E8
SHADE CANOPY
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SCALE:
1 E8
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 50'
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
COVERED PARKING
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
SCALE:
A
E8
COVERED PARKING CANOPIES
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
EXISTING UTILITY
METER
A
E9
Printed on ___% Post-Consumer
Recycled Content Paper
REGISTRATION
KEY PLAN
ARCH D 24" x 36"
SHEET TITLE
DESIGNER
AECOM TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC
300 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90071
213.593.8100 tel 213.593.8178 fax
www.aecom.com
Last saved by: MATT.ACKER(2021-06-08) Last Plotted: 2021-06-08 CLIENT
Project Management Initials: Designer: Checked: Approved:
PROJECT
Filename: C:\USERS\MATT.ACKER\ONEDRIVE - AECOM DIRECTORY\DOCUMENTS\PROJECTS\SANTAROSA\WETRANSFER-B13463\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT - STANDARD\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT_043021.DWG
I/R DATE DESCRIPTION
ISSUE/REVISION
SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
FIRE STATION 3
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
9 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E9
FIRE STATION 3
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 90
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 5
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 38.3 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 33.3 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 33.3kW (1)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 10°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 163°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 56 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1464 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI:
METER NUMBER: 1008731330
CURRENT: UNDETERMINED
VOLTAGE: UNDETERMINED
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E9
ROOFTOP BALLAST RACKING
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SCALE:
1 E9
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 8'
ROOFTOP SOLAR
PV SYSTEM
B
E10
A
E10
Printed on ___% Post-Consumer
Recycled Content Paper
REGISTRATION
KEY PLAN
ARCH D 24" x 36"
SHEET TITLE
DESIGNER
AECOM TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC
300 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90071
213.593.8100 tel 213.593.8178 fax
www.aecom.com
Last saved by: MATT.ACKER(2021-06-08) Last Plotted: 2021-06-08 CLIENT
Project Management Initials: Designer: Checked: Approved:
PROJECT
Filename: C:\USERS\MATT.ACKER\ONEDRIVE - AECOM DIRECTORY\DOCUMENTS\PROJECTS\SANTAROSA\WETRANSFER-B13463\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT - STANDARD\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT_043021.DWG
I/R DATE DESCRIPTION
ISSUE/REVISION
SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
FIRE STATION 4
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
10 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E10
FIRE STATION 4
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 90
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 5
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 38.3 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 33.3 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 33.3kW (1)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 10°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 149°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 56 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1451 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI
METER NUMBER: 1009034680
CURRENT: UNDETERMINED
VOLTAGE: UNDETERMINED
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
B
E10
ROOFTOP BALLAST RACKING
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SCALE:
1 E10
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 8'
ROOFTOP SOLAR
PV SYSTEM
SCALE:
A
E10
ROOFTOP RAIL RACKING
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
A
E11
Printed on ___% Post-Consumer
Recycled Content Paper
REGISTRATION
KEY PLAN
ARCH D 24" x 36"
SHEET TITLE
DESIGNER
AECOM TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC
300 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90071
213.593.8100 tel 213.593.8178 fax
www.aecom.com
Last saved by: MATT.ACKER(2021-06-08) Last Plotted: 2021-06-08 CLIENT
Project Management Initials: Designer: Checked: Approved:
PROJECT
Filename: C:\USERS\MATT.ACKER\ONEDRIVE - AECOM DIRECTORY\DOCUMENTS\PROJECTS\SANTAROSA\WETRANSFER-B13463\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT - STANDARD\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT_043021.DWG
I/R DATE DESCRIPTION
ISSUE/REVISION
SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
MSCN GARAGE
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
11 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E11
MSCN GARAGE CAR PARKING AND COVERED
GARAGE SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 1548
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 86
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 657.9 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 545.7 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 62.5kW (1) +
50kW (7) + 33.3kW (4)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 122° & 208°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 970 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1475 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI
UTILIZE SHOPS SERVICE ENTRANCE SECTION
METER NUMBER: 1009539275
CURRENT: 1000 A
VOLTAGE: 277/480
GENERAL NOTES:
BUS PARKING
SOLAR PV SYSTEMS
SCALE:
1 E11
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 100'
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SCALE:
A
E11
SHADED PARKING CANOPIES
NTS
MSCN GARAGE BUS PARKING
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 2394
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 133
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 1017.5 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 750 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 62.5kW (12)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 208°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 1490 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1464 kWh/kWp
CAR PARKING
SOLAR PV SYSTEMS
COVERED GARAGE
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
A
E12
Printed on ___% Post-Consumer
Recycled Content Paper
REGISTRATION
KEY PLAN
ARCH D 24" x 36"
SHEET TITLE
DESIGNER
AECOM TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC
300 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90071
213.593.8100 tel 213.593.8178 fax
www.aecom.com
Last saved by: MATT.ACKER(2021-06-08) Last Plotted: 2021-06-08 CLIENT
Project Management Initials: Designer: Checked: Approved:
PROJECT
Filename: C:\USERS\MATT.ACKER\ONEDRIVE - AECOM DIRECTORY\DOCUMENTS\PROJECTS\SANTAROSA\WETRANSFER-B13463\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT - STANDARD\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT_043021.DWG
I/R DATE DESCRIPTION
ISSUE/REVISION
SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
MSCS
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
12 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E12
MSCS ROOFTOP
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 432
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 24
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 183.6 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 150 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 50kW (3)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 10°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 212°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 269 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1463 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI
METER NUMBER: 1009884021
CURRENT: 800 A
VOLTAGE: 277/480 V
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E12
ROOFTOP BALLAST RACKING
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SCALE:
1 E12
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 20'
ROOFTOP SOLAR
PV SYSTEM
B
E13
A
E13
Printed on ___% Post-Consumer
Recycled Content Paper
REGISTRATION
KEY PLAN
ARCH D 24" x 36"
SHEET TITLE
DESIGNER
AECOM TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC
300 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90071
213.593.8100 tel 213.593.8178 fax
www.aecom.com
Last saved by: MATT.ACKER(2021-06-08) Last Plotted: 2021-06-08 CLIENT
Project Management Initials: Designer: Checked: Approved:
PROJECT
Filename: C:\USERS\MATT.ACKER\ONEDRIVE - AECOM DIRECTORY\DOCUMENTS\PROJECTS\SANTAROSA\WETRANSFER-B13463\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT - STANDARD\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT_043021.DWG
I/R DATE DESCRIPTION
ISSUE/REVISION
SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
SAM JONES HALL
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
13 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E13
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI
METER NUMBER: 1009538366
CURRENT: 600 A
VOLTAGE: 120/208 V
GENERAL NOTES:
COVERED PARKING
SOLAR PV SYSTEMS
SCALE:
1 E13
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 40'
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SCALE:
B
E13
SHADED PARKING CANOPIES
NTS
SAM JONES HALL PARKING CANOPY AND
ROOFTOP SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 486
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 27
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 206.6 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 200 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 50kW (4)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7° & 10°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 176°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 304 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1470 kWh/kWp
ROOFTOP SOLAR
PV SYSTEM
SCALE:
A
E13
ROOFTOP BALLAST RACKING
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
A
E14
Printed on ___% Post-Consumer
Recycled Content Paper
REGISTRATION
KEY PLAN
ARCH D 24" x 36"
SHEET TITLE
DESIGNER
AECOM TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC
300 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90071
213.593.8100 tel 213.593.8178 fax
www.aecom.com
Last saved by: MATT.ACKER(2021-06-08) Last Plotted: 2021-06-08 CLIENT
Project Management Initials: Designer: Checked: Approved:
PROJECT
Filename: C:\USERS\MATT.ACKER\ONEDRIVE - AECOM DIRECTORY\DOCUMENTS\PROJECTS\SANTAROSA\WETRANSFER-B13463\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT - STANDARD\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT_043021.DWG
I/R DATE DESCRIPTION
ISSUE/REVISION
SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
SONOMA BROOKWOOD CTR
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
14 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E14
SONOMA BROOKWOOD CTR
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 90
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 5
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 38.3 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 33.3 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 33.3kW (1)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 10°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 161°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 56 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1462 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI
METER NUMBER: UNDETERMINED
CURRENT: UNDETERMINED
VOLTAGE: UNDETERMINED
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E14
ROOFTOP BALLAST RACKING
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SCALE:
1 E14
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 8'
ROOFTOP SOLAR
PV SYSTEM
A
E15
Printed on ___% Post-Consumer
Recycled Content Paper
REGISTRATION
KEY PLAN
ARCH D 24" x 36"
SHEET TITLE
DESIGNER
AECOM TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC
300 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90071
213.593.8100 tel 213.593.8178 fax
www.aecom.com
Last saved by: MATT.ACKER(2021-06-08) Last Plotted: 2021-06-08 CLIENT
Project Management Initials: Designer: Checked: Approved:
PROJECT
Filename: C:\USERS\MATT.ACKER\ONEDRIVE - AECOM DIRECTORY\DOCUMENTS\PROJECTS\SANTAROSA\WETRANSFER-B13463\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT - STANDARD\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT_043021.DWG
I/R DATE DESCRIPTION
ISSUE/REVISION
SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
RIDGWAY SWIM CENTER
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
15 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E15
HIDDEN VALLEY PARK
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 360
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 20
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 153 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 125 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 62.5kW (2)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 180°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 228 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1489 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI
METER NUMBER: NA
CURRENT: NA
VOLTAGE: NA
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E15
ROOFTOP BALLAST RACKING
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SCALE:
1 E15
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 40'
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
A
E16
Printed on ___% Post-Consumer
Recycled Content Paper
REGISTRATION
KEY PLAN
ARCH D 24" x 36"
SHEET TITLE
DESIGNER
AECOM TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC
300 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90071
213.593.8100 tel 213.593.8178 fax
www.aecom.com
Last saved by: MATT.ACKER(2021-06-08) Last Plotted: 2021-06-08 CLIENT
Project Management Initials: Designer: Checked: Approved:
PROJECT
Filename: C:\USERS\MATT.ACKER\ONEDRIVE - AECOM DIRECTORY\DOCUMENTS\PROJECTS\SANTAROSA\WETRANSFER-B13463\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT - STANDARD\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT_043021.DWG
I/R DATE DESCRIPTION
ISSUE/REVISION
SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
FINLEY COMMUNITY CENTER
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
16 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E16
FINLEY COMMUNITY CENTER
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 1188
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 66
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 504.9 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 399.6 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 33.3kW (12)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 180°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 745 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1476 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI
METER NUMBER: NA
CURRENT: NA
VOLTAGE: NA
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E16
COVERED PARKING CANOPIES
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SCALE:
1 E16
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 50'
COVERED PARKING
SOLAR PV SYSTEMS
7°
Printed on ___% Post-Consumer
Recycled Content Paper
REGISTRATION
KEY PLAN
ARCH D 24" x 36"
SHEET TITLE
DESIGNER
AECOM TECHNICAL SERVICES, INC
300 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90071
213.593.8100 tel 213.593.8178 fax
www.aecom.com
Last saved by: MATT.ACKER(2021-06-08) Last Plotted: 2021-06-08 CLIENT
Project Management Initials: Designer: Checked: Approved:
PROJECT
Filename: C:\USERS\MATT.ACKER\ONEDRIVE - AECOM DIRECTORY\DOCUMENTS\PROJECTS\SANTAROSA\WETRANSFER-B13463\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT - STANDARD\SANTA ROSA SOLAR PROJECT_043021.DWG
I/R DATE DESCRIPTION
ISSUE/REVISION
SHEET
CITY OF SANTA ROSA
MICROGRID PROJECT
City of Santa Rosa
Transportation & Public Works
69 Stony Circle
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
RINCON VALLEY COMMUNITY PARK
PRELIMINARY SOLAR LAYOUT
16 OF 17
SM _____ _____
A 2020-04-13 PRELIMINARY LAYOUT
E17
RINCON VALLEY COMMUNITY PARK
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
MODULE 72 CELL TIER 1 TYPE 425 W
NUMBER OF PV MODULES 720
NUMBER OF STRINGS
(18 MODULES IN SERIES) 40
SYSTEM SIZE(DC) 306 kW
SYSTEM SIZE(AC) 250 kW
INVERTER CAPACITY (QTY.) SMA STP CORE1 62.5kW (4)
SYSTEM OPERATING
VOLTAGE 1000 V
ARRAY TILT 7°
ARRAY AZIMUTH 180°
ESTIMATED ENERGY
PRODUCTION (YEAR 1) 456 MWh
SPECIFIC PRODUCTION 1489 kWh/kWp
THIS IS A CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT ONLY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
BASED ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, AND ROOF AND PARKING LOT
EVALUATIONS.
EXISTING POI
METER NUMBER: NA
CURRENT: NA
VOLTAGE: NA
GENERAL NOTES:
SCALE:
A
E17
BASIC CANOPY ARRAYS
NTS
SOLAR PV MODULE
(TYP)
SCALE:
1 E17
SOLAR ELECTRICAL SITE LAYOUT
1" = 50'
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
SHADE CANOPY
SOLAR PV SYSTEM
City of Santa Rosa
July 2021
AECOM 184
Appendix B – Solar PVsyst Reports
Please find Solar PVsyst reports for each site attached in Appendix B.
Version 7.1.6
PVsyst - Simulation report
Grid-Connected System
Project: Santa Rosa Feasibilty Study
Variant: A Place to Play_Ground
Unlimited sheds
System power: 2237 kWp
Santa Rosa (awos) - United States
Author
AECOM (United states)
One California Plaza
300 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles / 90071
USA
26/07/21
PVsyst V7.1.6
VC0, Simulation date:
07/06/21 10:45
with v7.1.6
Project: Santa Rosa Feasibilty Study
Variant: A Place to Play_Ground
AECOM (United states)
PVsyst Licensed to AECOM (United states)
Project summary
Geographical Site
Santa Rosa (awos)
United States
Situation
Latitude
Longitude
Altitude
Time zone
38.52 -122.82
27 UTC-8
°N
°W
m
Project settings
Albedo 0.20
Meteo data
Santa Rosa (awos)
NREL NSRD : TMY3
System summary
Grid-Connected System Unlimited sheds
PV Field Orientation
Sheds
tilt
azimuth
20 0
°
°
Near Shadings
Mutual shadings of sheds
User's needs
Unlimited load (grid)
System information
PV Array
Nb. of modules
Pnom total
5264
2237
units
kWp
Inverters
Nb. of units
Pnom total
Pnom ratio
14 1750
1.278
units
kWac
Results summary
Produced Energy 3486084 kWh/year Specific production 1558 kWh/kWp/year Perf. Ratio PR 82.82 % Table of contents
Project and results summary
General parameters, PV Array Characteristics, System losses Main results
Loss diagram
Special graphs
2 3
5 6
7